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50th Space Wing

The 50th Wing is an inactive United States Air Force wing.

It was activated in 1949 as the 50th Fighter Wing, serving as a reserve air defense unit, and was redesignated as the 50th Fighter-Interceptor Wing in 1950, before being inactivated in 1951. It was reactivated in 1953 as the 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing, deploying to Europe to join NATO forces, and was redesignated as the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing in 1958. The wing operated for almost 40 years at Hahn Air Base in West Germany. In 1981 it became the first USAF overseas formation to operate the General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon jet. It deployed for the Persian Gulf War of 1991, before being inactivated later that year. It was activated as a space wing on 30 January 1992, replacing the 2nd Space Wing. The 50th Space Wing was inactivated on 24 July 2020 and replaced by the Peterson-Schriever Garrison, with the 50th Network Operations Group and its cyber and satellite control network units forming Space Delta 6, the 50th Operations Group and its satellite communications units forming Space Delta 8, and the 750th Operations Group and its orbital warfare units forming Space Delta 9.

Operations
The 50th Space Wing was the United States Space Force's space and cyberspace warfare. The 50th Space Wing operated the Global Positioning System (GPS), Defense Satellite Communications System (DSCS), Wideband Global Satellite Communications system, Military Strategic and Tactical Relay, Defense Meteorological Satellite Program, Space Based Space Surveillance system, Operationally Responsive Space satellite system, Advanced Extremely High Frequency satellite system, and the Boeing X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle. It also operated the Air Force Satellite Control Network. At the time of its inactivation on 24 July 2020, the 50th Space Wing had 8,000 space professionals and airmen under its command.

The 50th Space Wing was also the host unit for Schriever Air Force Base, providing base support for United States Strategic Command's Joint Functional Component Command for Integrated Missile Defense, the Army's 100th Missile Defense Brigade, and Air Force Reserve Command's 310th Space Wing.

Structure in 2020
50th Operations Group (50 OG) 50th Network Operations Group (50 NOG) 50th Mission Support Group (50 MSG) - the 50th Support Group was formerly the 1002nd Space Support Group which was activated October 1, 1989. 750th Operations Group (750 OG) 50th Comptroller Squadron (50 CPTS)
 * 2 SOPS emblem.png 2d Space Operations Squadron (2 SOPS)
 * 4th Space Operations Squadron.png 4th Space Operations Squadron (4 SOPS)
 * 50th Operations Support Squadron.PNG 50th Operations Support Squadron (50 OSS)
 * Detachment 1, 50th Operations Group, Suitland, Maryland
 * 21st Space Operations Squadron.png 21st Space Operations Squadron (21 SOPS), Vandenberg Air Force Base
 * Detachment 1, 21st Space Operations Squadron, Naval Support Facility Diego Garcia
 * Detachment 2, 21st Space Operations Squadron, Andersen Air Force Base
 * Detachment 3, 21st Space Operations Squadron, Kaena Point Satellite Tracking Station
 * 22d Space Operations Squadron.png 22nd Space Operations Squadron (22 SOPS)
 * 23d Space Operations Squadron.png 23rd Space Operations Squadron (23 SOPS), New Boston Air Force Station
 * Detachment 1, 23rd Space Operations Squadron, Thule Air Base
 * OL-A, 23rd Space Operations Squadron, RAF Oakhanger
 * 50th Space Communications Squadron.png 50th Space Communications Squadron (50 SCS)
 * 50th Civil Engineer Squadron
 * 50th Contracting Squadron
 * 50th Force Support Squadron
 * 50th Security Forces Squadron - formerly the 1002nd Special Security Squadron which was activated on October 1, 1985. The squadron was renamed the 1002d Security Police Squadron on October 1, 1989, as part of Air Force Space Command's support structure reorganization. 50th SFS activated 30 January 1992.
 * 50th Logistics Readiness Flight (50 LRF)
 * 1st Space Operations Squadron.png 1st Space Operations Squadron (1 SOPS)
 * 3d Space Experimentation Squadron Patch.jpg 3d Space Experimentation Squadron (3 SES)
 * 750th Operations Support Squadron (750 OSS)

Shield
The 50th Space Wing shield was first approved for use on 15 July 1953, before being modified in 1956 and on 9 July 1992, and being approved in its final form on 27 July 2012. The blue background alludes to the vastness of space and the principal theater of the wing, while the yellow represents the sun and excellence required of its space professionals. The opinicus, with the strength of a lion and the bold flight of the eagle, symbolizes the functions of the 50th Space Wing. The motto of the 50th Space Wing, "Master of Space," was derived from the 50th Pursuit Group's motto "Master of Air" and approved in September 1992.

50th Fighter Wing (1949–1950) and 50th Fighter-Interceptor Wing (1950–1951)
On 1 June 1950, the 50th Fighter Wing (50 FW) was activated in the United States Air Force Reserve and operationally assigned to Tactical Air Command's First Air Force, supporting the active-duty 33rd Fighter Wing. It was stationed at Otis Air Force Base, Massachusetts, and consisted of the 50th Fighter Group, which included the 81st Fighter Squadron, 50th Air Base Group, and 50th Maintenance and Supply Group, which included the 50th Supply Squadron.

The 50th Fighter Wing was responsible for air defense on the eastern seaboard, flying the North American P-51 Mustang and Republic F-84 Thunderjet fighters, as well as the North American T-6 Texan and Lockheed T-33 Shooting Star trainers. In 1950, it started flying the North American F-86A Sabre fighter jet. On 1 March 1950, it was redesignated the 50th Fighter-Interceptor Wing (50 FIW), with the 50th Fighter Group also being redesignated the 50th Fighter-Interceptor Group and 81st Fighter Squadron also redesignated as the 81st Fighter-Interceptor Squadron. The 50th Fighter-Interceptor Wing, along with the 33rd Fighter-Interceptor Wing, were reassigned to Air Defense Command's Eastern Air Defense Force.

The advent of the Korean War resulted in a reevaluation of the posture of the American air forces. On 2 June 1951 the 50th Fighter-Interceptor Wing was inactivated, as part of an American realignment to support NATO forces in Europe to more directly counter the Soviet Union and Soviet Air Forces.

50th Fighter-Bomber Wing (1953–1958) and 50th Tactical Fighter Wing (1958–1991)

On 1 January 1953, the 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing (50 FBW) was activated and assigned to Tactical Air Command's Ninth Air Force. Stationed at Clovis Air Force Base, New Mexico, the wing's operational component was the 50th Fighter-Bomber Group, which consisted of the 10th Fighter-Bomber Squadron and the 81st Fighter-Bomber Squadron. The wing initially flew F-51 Mustang fighters, before converting to the F-86F Sabre in 1953. The 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing's support elements included the 50th Air Base Group, the 50th Maintenance and Supply Group, and the 50th Medical Group, which was later redesignated as the 50th Tactical Hospital. The 50th Air Base Group consisted of the 50th Air Police Squadron (later redesignated the 50th Security Police Squadron) and 50th Civil Engineering Squadron (later redesignated the 50th Civil Engineer Squadron), while the 50th Maintenance and Supply Group consisted of the 50th Supply Squadron.

In summer 1953, the 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing was transferred to Europe, with much of the wing's personnel and equipment sailing across the Atlantic Ocean on the Military Sea Transportation Service's USNS General M. B. Stewart, while the aircrew flew across the North Atlantic. On 9 August 1953 it became part of United States Air Forces in Europe's Twelfth Air Force and was stationed at Hahn Air Base, Germany, where the wing assumed responsibility for the 7425th USAF Hospital from 1 May 1954 to 9 April 1956. The 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing also gained a third fighter-bomber squadron, assuming command of the 417th Fighter-Bomber Squadron and also became the first tactically operational wing in Twelfth Air Force.

Almost immediately after arriving in Germany, the 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing participated in Exercise Monte Carlo, which was designed to demonstrate NATO air defense force capabilities. In 1954, elements of the 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing spent six weeks at Wheelus Field, Libya, training in air-to-air and ground attack operations, scoring higher in both categories than any other unit in Twelfth Air Force. In 1955 the 21 FBW took top honors at the United States Air Forces in Europe aerial gunnery competition at Wheelus Field, and on 21 October 1955 it began to transition to the F-86H Sabre.

For brief period in 1955 and 1956, the 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing also flew the ET-33 trainer. On 14 March 1955, the 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing gained the 69th Pilotless Bomber Squadron, which operated the MGM-1 Matador cruise missile system. On 8 June 1955, the 69th Pilotless Bomber Squadron was redesignated the 69th Tactical Missile Squadron, and on 15 April 1956, left the 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing for the 7382d Guided Missile Group, which the 21 FBW provided support for.

On 15 April 1956, the 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing began to move to Toul-Rosiére Air Base, France, fully transitioning by 1 August 1956. On 8 August 1956, the 50the Fighter-Bomber Wing assumed responsibility for the 7352d USAF Hospital, before relinquishing command on 25 September 1957. United States Air Forces in Europe then sent the 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing to represent it at the Air Force Fighter Weapons Meet at Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada. On 8 December 1957, the 50th Fighter-Bomber Group and 50th Maintenance and Supply Group were inactivated, with their squadrons reporting directly to the 21st Fighter-Bomber Wing. On 8 December, the 50th Field Maintenance Squadron activated. The 50th Field Maintenance Squadron would later be redesignated the 50th Consolidated Aircraft Maintenance Squadron, before reassuming its designation as the 50th Field Maintenance Squadron, and was later redesignated the 50th Equipment Maintenance Squadron, before finally being designated the 50th Maintenance Squadron. On 15 November 1958, the 50th Armament and Electronics Maintenance Squadron was activated, later being redesignated the 50th Avionics Maintenance Squadron, before finally being designated the 50th Component Repair Squadron. In 1957 and 1958, the 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing began transitioning to the North American F-100D Super Sabre. On 1 January 1958, the 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing was moved from Twelfth Air Force to directly report to United States Air Forces in Europe.

The 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing also had a number of Tactical Air Command squadrons temporarily attached to it, including the 428th Fighter-Bomber Squadron from 1 April 1957 to 1 October 1957, the 429th Fighter-Bomber Squadron from 7 October 1956 to 1 April 1957, the 430th Fighter-Bomber Squadron from 20 April 1956 to 7 October 1956, the 457th Fighter-Bomber Squadron from 20 March 1958 to 19 August 1958, and the 509th Fighter-Bomber Squadron from 15 January 1958 to 24 March 1958.

On 8 July 1958, the 50th Fighter-Bomber Wing was redesignated as the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing (50 TFW). The redesignation from fighter-bomber to tactical fighter also affected its subordinate units, including the 10th Tactical Fighter Squadron, 81st Tactical Fighter Squadron, 417th Tactical Fighter Squadron, and the attached 457th Tactical Fighter Squadron. On 15 November 1959, the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing was reassigned from USAFE to the Seventeenth Air Force

On 1 September 1959, the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing began to transition back to Hahn Air Base, Germany, with the exception of the 417th Tactical Fighter Squadron, which was based at Ramstein Air Base, Germany. The 86th Fighter-Interceptor Wing's 496th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, which flew the F-86D Sabre, was also attached to the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing under the duel-basing construct. In December 1959, the 496th Tactical Fighter Squadron began converting to Convair F-102 Delta Dagger interceptors. Due to the Cuban Missile Crisis and previous routine force movements, the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing had the 435th Tactical Fighter Squadron from Morón Air Base, Spain attached to it from 24 October 1962 to 11 December 1962, the 355th Tactical Fighter Squadron attached from 5 September 1961 to 16 November 1961, the 458th Tactical Fighter Squadron attached from 13 August 1958 to 18 February 1959, and the 614th Tactical Fighter Squadron attached from 5 September 1961 to 14 November 1961.

On 8 April 1952, the 50th Air Base Wing was redesignated as the 50th Combat Support Wing. In a reorganization of the wing's maintenance squadrons, the 50th Armament and Electronics Maintenance Squadron was briefly inactivated on 8 April 1962, but reactivated on 1 July 1964. Several new maintenance squadrons were activated on 1 July 1964, including the 50th Flightline Maintenance Squadron, although it was detached until 1 October 1965 and was inactivated shortly after on 25 December 1965, 50th Organizational Maintenance Squadron, although it was inactivated on 1 January 1966, and 350th Munitions Maintenance Squadron. On 1 October 1967, the 7236th Ammunition Supply Squadron was activated, augmenting the maintenance and operational fighter-bomber squadrons.

Following the resolution of the Cuban Missile Crisis, the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing resumed normal operations with its own three tactical fighter squadrons, participating in exercises with other NATO air forces. On 8 October 1966 the 10th Tactical Fighter Squadron, 81st Tactical Fighter Squadron, and 417th Tactical Fighter Squadron began converting from the F-100D Super Sabre to the McDonnell Douglas F-4D Phantom II tactical fighter, after the wing briefly operated the Lockheed F-104 Starfighter in 1962. During the conversion, the 417th Tactical Fighter Squadron remained assigned to the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing, but remained detached to the 86th Air Division at Ramstein Air Base.

On 1 July 1968, the 417th Tactical Fighter Squadron was removed from the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing, reassigned to Tactical Air Command's 67th Tactical Reconnaissance Wing at Mountain Home Air Force Base, Idaho. To replace the lost squadron, the 496th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron was permanently reassigned to the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing from the 86th Air Division on 1 November 1968 and redesignated the 496th Tactical Fighter Squadron. Initially it continued flying the F-102 Delta Dagger, but within two years upgraded to the F-4E Phantom II. Soon after, United States Air Forces in Europe selected the 81st Tactical Fighter Squadron to be the first to assume the Wild Weasel Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses mission set, equipping it with the Wild Weasel variant of the F-4E, and later the F-F-4G Wild Weasel V. On 12 June 1971, the 81st Tactical Fighter Squadron was moved to Zweibrücken Air Base, Germany and operationally subordinated to the 86th Tactical Fighter Wing, although it administratively remained part of the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing until it fully transitioned over on 15 July 1971. On 1 July 1971, USAF Hospital, Hahn, later designated as the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing Hospital was assigned to the wing.

In 1972 another round of reorganization to the wing's maintenance squadrons occurred. On 1 January 1972, the 50th Organizational Maintenance Squadron, later redesignated the 50th Aircraft Generation Squadron, was reactivated. On 1 April 1972, the 7501st Munitions Support Squadron, 7502d Munitions Support Squadron, 7503d Munitions Support Squadron, and 7504th Munitions Support Squadron were all activated. On 7 October 1972, the 350th Munitions Maintenance Squadron and 7236th Ammunition Supply Squadron inactivated, with the 50th Munitions Maintenance Squadron, later redesignated as the 50th Munitions Maintenance Squadron (Theater), and 50th Ammunition Supply Squadron activated on 8 October 1972 to replace them. the 7504th Munitions Support Squadron was inactivated on 1 September 1972, with the 7503d Munitions Support Squadron inactivating on 1 October 1972.

In 1975, the 10th Tactical Fighter Squadron began to utilize laser-guided bombs. It also hosted a number of attached Tactical Air Command squadrons, including the 8th Tactical Fighter Squadron from 8 March 1973 to 2 April 1973 and 6 September 1975 to 6 October 1975, 9th Tactical Fighter Squadron from 11 September 1971 to 7 October 1971 and 23 September 1976 to 24 October 1976, the 68th Tactical Fighter Squadron from 10 May 1977 to 7 June 1977, the 417th Tactical Fighter Squadron numerous times from 1968 to 1976, and the 421st Tactical Fighter Squadron from 5 August 1977 to 25 August 1977. The 50th Tactical Fighter Wing also hosted the first European deployment of Aerospace Defense Command fighters, hosting a detachment of six Convair F-106 Delta Dart interceptors from the 5th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron from 4 September 1975 to 25 September 1975.

In 1976, the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing began to fully convert its remaining squadrons to the F-4E Phantom II fighter and on 15 November 1976 it gained the newly activated 313th Tactical Fighter Squadron. The 50 TFW also began testing the Project Oriented Maintenance Organization for USAFE in 1977, testing the concept in the April 1978 Salty Rooster exercise. The success of the exercise resulted in the Project Oriented Maintenance Organization being rolled out across all of United States Air Forces in Europe. The 50 TFW also continued to exercise with allied partners, being the first U.S. Air Force unit to refuel with a KC-767 of the Imperial Iranian Air Force. The wing also activated the 7362d Munitions Support Squadron on 15 July 1976.

In 1978, United States Air Forces in Europe announced that the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing would be the first to test and field the General Dynamics F-16A Fighting Falcon, as well as its F-16B two-seater variant. The first F-16As arrived at Hahn Air Base on 19 April 1979 and began upgrading the airbase's facilities to accommodate the new aircraft. On 30 December 1981, the 313th Tactical Fighter Squadron accepted the 50 TFW's first operational F-16As, with the other squadrons following suit shortly and divesting the remaining F-4Es within six months. A number of changes to maintenance units happened in 1978, including the inactivation of the 50th Munitions Maintenance Squadron on 8 October 1978 and the activation of the 7015th Explosive Ordnance Disposal Flight on 1 October 1978.

The 50th Tactical Fighter Wing also participated in a NATO gala on 9 July 1982, marking NATO's adoption of the F-16, where it participated along with F-16s from the Royal Norwegian Air Force, Royal Netherlands Air Force, Belgian Air Force, Royal Danish Air Force, as well as other NATO air forces. 50th Tactical Fighter Wing F-16s frequently deployed to Zaragoza Air Base, Spain and Incirlik Air Base, Turkey to perform air-to-air and air-to-ground training to achieve full operational readiness, which was declared in April 1983. Shortly after, in July 1983, the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing participated in a USAFE Operational Readiness Inspection and NATO Organizational Tactical Evaluation, and in October 1983, took first place in the U.S. Air Force's Gunsmoke bombing and gunnery competition.

A number of changes to the 50th Combat Support Group and wing staff occurred in the 1980s and early 1990, with the 7150th Comptroller Squadron activating on 15 November 1983, before being inactivated and replaced by the newly established 50th Comptroller Squadron on 1 July 1985, the 50th Security Police Group activating on 21 October 1988, and 50th Support Squadron activating on 1 June 1989, and 2184th Communications Squadron activating on 1 October 1990. Maintenance squadrons also experienced structural changes, with the 7501st Munitions Support Squadron and 7502d Munitions Support Squadron inactivating on 15 November 1985, 7362d Munitions Support Squadron being inactivated on 1 January 1986, 50th Ammunition Supply Squadron being inactivated on 15 May 1986, being replaced by the reactivated 50th Munitions Maintenance Squadron, the 7015th Explosive Ordnance Disposal Flight being inactivated on 1 November 1986. The 50th Tactical Hospital was also inactivated on 1 July 1986.

In March 1984, the 50 TFW participated in the Green Flag exercise at Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada, engaging in realistic combat training and participated in NATO exercises, with two F-16As conducting landings and takeoffs on the German Autobahn highways. Between April and June 1984, 50 TFW units forward deployed to Ramstein Air Base, Spangdahlem Air Base, and Pferdsfel Air Base due to repairs at Hahn Air Base. In 1986, the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing began replacing its F-16As and F-16Bs with the more advanced F-16Cs and F-16Ds, fully phasing out the first generation F-16s in less than a year. The 50th Tactical Fighter Wing also won the Daledalin Maintenance trophy in 1986 for both the numbered air force, major command, and air force level. It also won the Secretary of Defense's Phoenix Award for the best maintenance organization in the entire United States Department of Defense.

When Iraq executed its Invasion of Kuwait in 1991, the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing quickly mobilized its forces for deployment, sending the 10th Tactical Fighter Squadron and 30 F-16C Fighting Falcons as part of Operation Desert Shield on 29 December 1990. On 17 January 1991, 10th Tactical Fighter Squadron aircraft were among the first to strike Iraqi military positions as part of Operation Desert Storm, specifically bombing Al-Taqaddum Air Base, Iraq and gaining air supremacy over the Iraqi Air Force. The squadron was retasked to hunt down Scud missiles, which were striking coalition military targets and Israeli population centers. Throughout the entire campaign, the 10th Tactical Fighter Squadron had only lost one aircraft, with its pilot being taken as a prisoner of war. After hostilities ceased, 10 TFS forces enforced the ceasefire accords through combat air patrols.

Due to the fall of the Soviet Union, the United States and NATO began to draw down its high posture in Europe, resulting in the inactivation of the 50th Tactical Fighter Wing and closure of Hahn Air Base on 30 September 1991.

50th Space Wing (1992–2020)
On 30 January 1992, the 50th Space Wing (50 SW) was reactivated at Falcon Air Force Base, Colorado and assigned to Air Force Space Command. The 50th Space Wing replaced Air Force Space Command's 2nd Space Wing, flying its communications, navigation warfare, and space domain awareness spacecraft, as well as operating the Air Force Satellite Control Network and Global Broadcast Service. Replacing the 2nd Space Wing with the 50th Space Wing was part of a larger Air Force initiative designed to preserve early Air Force flying heritage, and bestowed upon the 50th Space Wing the history and honors of the World War II-era 50th Pursuit Group. On 20 September 1993, the 50th Space Wing was assigned to the Air Force Space Command's Fourteenth Air Force.

The 50th Operations Group served as the primary operations arm of the 50th Space Wing and operational units from the 2nd Space Wing were transferred to it, along with being redesignated from satellite control squadrons to space operations squadrons. Operations units included the 1st Space Operations Squadron, 2nd Space Operations Squadron, 3rd Space Operations Squadron, 4th Space Operations Squadron, 5th Space Operations Squadron, stationed at Onizuka Air Force Station, 50th Satellite Communications Squadron, 50th Crew Training Squadron, and 50th Operations Support Squadron. Spacecraft inherited from the 2nd Space Wing included the Defense Satellite Communications System II and Defense Satellite Communications System III constellations, the Defense Support Program missile warning constellation, the U.S. Navy's Fleet Satellite Communications System constellation, the Global Positioning System constellation, the NATO III and NATO IV satellite communications constellation, the British Armed Forces' Skynet satellite communications constellation, the U.S. Navy's Ultra High Frequency Follow-On satellite communications constellation.

The 1000th Satellite Operations Group which flew the Defense Meteorological Support Program constellation, briefly served as an operational group of the 50th Space Wing, before being redesignated as the 6th Space Operations Squadron and moved under the 50th Operations Group on 31 July 1992. On 30 April 1992, the 4th Space Operations Squadron was activated to fly the Military Strategic and Tactical Relay (Milstar) communications satellite constellation. On 1 July 1992, the 50th Satellite Communications Squadron was redesignated as the 50th Space Communications Squadron.

The 750th Space Group, redesignated from its previous name as the 2nd Satellite Training Group with the activation of the 50th Space Wing, was stationed at Onizuka Air Force Station, was responsible for the operations of the Air Force Satellite Control Network and provided base support to the 5th Space Operations Squadron. Its operational elements consisted of the 21st Space Operations Squadron, 22nd Space Operations Squadron, 23rd Space Operations Squadron, stationed at New Boston Air Force Station, and 750th Operations Support Squadron. Installation support squadrons included the 750th Mission Support Squadron and 750th Logistics Support Squadron. On 1 October 1994, the 750th Medical Squadron was activated to provide medical support to personnel at Onizuka AFS.

The 50th Maintenance Group was activated to support the operations groups, consisting of the 50th Maintenance Squadron, 50th Logistics Support Squadron, and 50th Space Systems Squadron. The 50th Combat Support Squadron, responsible for installation support, consisted of the 50th Security Police Squadron, redesignated as the 50th Security Forces Squadron in 1997, 50th Civil Engineer Squadron, and 50th Support Squadron.

The 50th Space Wing conducted several significant orbital operations in support of terrestrial forces. In February 1992, the 3rd Space Operations Squadron won Air Force Space Command's Space Support Trophy and in November 1992 flew a Fleet Satellite Communications System spacecraft from an orbit above the Pacific Ocean to one above the Atlantic Ocean, the longest transfer orbit in the squadron's history. 3 SOPS later transferred a Defense Satellite Communications System spacecraft from its orbit over Europe to over Somalia, providing space support for the United Nations' Unified Task Force. These operations led to the 50th Space Wing winning United States Space Command's Herres Award. In 1994, the 50th Space Wing assumed full responsibility for the Global Positioning System from the Space and Missile Systems Center and the 4th Space Operations Squadron officially accepted Milstar on 15 November 1994.

On 1 October 1994, the 50th Crew Training Squadron was inactivated, with its space training functions transferred to Air Education and Training Command's 534th Training Squadron, organized under the 381st Training Group at Vandenberg Air Force Base. On the same date, the 50th Weather Squadron was activated and gained responsibility for monitoring space weather from the Air Force Space Forecast Center. On 14 August 1995, the 50th Contracting Squadron was activated under the 50th Combat Support Group. In 1996, the 50th Space Wing turned over full operations of the Fleet Satellite Communications System to the Naval Satellite Operations Center.

The wing began a series of reorganizations beginning in 1997, inactivating the 50th Maintenance Group, 50th Maintenance Squadron, and 50th Logistics Support Squadron on 1 December 1997. On the same day, the 50th Communications Group was activated to replace the 50th Maintenance Group's space support activities. Prior to the inactivation of the 50th Maintenance Group, the 50th Space Support Squadron was briefly inactivated on 23 June 1997, before being reactivated as the 850th Communications Squadron. The 50th Space Communications Squadron was redesignated the 50th Communications Squadron and transferred from the 50th Operations Group which, along with the 850th Communications Squadron, were assigned to the 50th Communications Group. On 6 March 1997, the 55th Space Weather Squadron replaced the 50th Space Weather Squadron, before itself inactivating on 1 October 1999. In June 1997, the 50th Space Wing began to consolidate its activities at Falcon AFB, reducing its presence at Onizuka Air Force Station, Fairchild Air Force Base, and Offutt Air Force Base. As part of this drawdown, the 750th Operations Support Squadron was inactivated on 23 June 1997 and the 750th Logistics Support Squadron was inactivated on 5 November 1997.

In On 5 June 1998, the 50th Space Wing renamed Falcon Air Force Base to Schriever Air Force Base, and began building a new satellite control facility, intending to transfer all functions from Onizuka AFS and shut down the base. It also closed the Defense Meteorological Support Program satellite operations centers at Fairchild AFB and Offutt AFB and transferred it to Suitland, Maryland, where the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration was establishing a new DMSP satellite operations facility. The DMSP was relinquished to NOAA later that year, resulting in the inactivation of the 6th Space Operations Squadron on 30 September 1998. The 8th Space Operations Squadron, a reserve unit, was activated to support NOAA operations of the DMSP and serve as the back-up satellite operations center at Schriever AFB. 8 SOPS began operations in September 1998, but was replaced by Air Force Reserve Command with a reactivated 6th Space Operations Squadron on 1 October 1998.

On 21 October 1998, the 5th Space Operations Squadron placed the last Defense Satellite Communications System II spacecraft in a super synchronous orbit, retiring the system. In December 1998, the 1st Space Operations Squadron began to support the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization's Midcourse Space Experiment, which it assumed full control of on 1 October 2000.

On 25 June 1999, the 750th Space Group was inactivated, following the inactivation of the 750th Mission Support Squadron on 3 May 1999 and 750th Medical Squadron on 28 May 1999 due to the 1995 Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission's recommendations to reduce presence at Onizuka AFS, leaving the 21st Space Operations Squadron as the host squadron for the base. The 50th Operations Group assumed responsibility for the 5th Space Operations Squadron, which was inactivated on 13 June 2000, the 21st Space Operations Squadron, the 22nd Space Operations Squadron, and the 23rd Space Operations Squadron.

On 10 February 2000, the 3rd Space Operations Squadron turned over operational control of the Ultra High Frequency Follow-On to the United States Navy's Naval Satellite Operations Center. On 11 October 2000, the Space Shuttle Discovery experienced a Ku-band antenna failure while flying STS-92. The 21st Space Operations Squadron provided communications support for the shuttle mission, relaying information to NASA mission control.

In response to the September 11 attacks, the United States and NATO forces initiated Operation Enduring Freedom. The 50th Space Wing provided satellite communications, global positioning system enhancements, and deployed personnel to support counterterrorism operations. During Operation Iraqi Freedom, the 50th Space Wing had on average 80 space operators deployed to forward operating bases in the Middle East. During the initial allied invasion of Iraq, the 2nd Space Operations Squadron developed new techniques for enhancing Global Positioning System accuracy over the Iraqi theater of operations, with the 3rd Satellite Operations Squadron and 4th Satellite Operations Squadron maximized communications coverage of the theater. The 1st Space Operations Squadron also set a new record for placing a GPS spacecraft in orbit and completing all early on-orbit checkout activities in 11 days, while also providing Defense support Program and GPS support. 3 SOPS' Defense Satellite Communications System Block III provided 80% of bandwidth for allied forces in theater, while 4 SOPS dedicated 85% of Milstar communications capacity to support tactical forces.

On 1 October 2002, the 50th Communications Group was inactivated, being briefly replaced by the 50th Maintenance Group, until the maintenance group was inactivated and communications group reactivated on 1 June 2003. On 1 October 2002, the 50th Communications Squadron was redesignated as the 50th Space Communications Squadron and 850th Communications Squadron redesignated as 850th Space Communications Squadron. On 10 March 2004, the 50th Communications Group was redesignated as the 50th Network Operations Group and given responsibility for the Air Force Satellite Control Network from the 50th Operations Group, with the 21st Space Operations Squadron, 22nd Space Operations Squadron, and 23rd Space Operations Squadron transferred to it. On 30 January 2006, the 850th Space Communications Squadron had its functions merged into the 50th Space Communications Squadron upon the 850 SCS's inactivation.

On 1 October 2002, the 50th Combat Support Group was redesignated the 50th Mission Support Group and the 50th Support Squadron was redesignated the 50th Mission Support Squadron. On 1 October 2003, the 50th Comptroller Squadron was activated, reporting directly to 50th Space Wing headquarters. On 1 June 2003, the 50th Logistics Readiness Flight, formerly the 50th Supply Squadron, was reactivated and assigned to the 50th Mission Support Group. On 20 June 2008, the 50th Mission Support Squadron was redesignated as the 50th Force Support Squadron.

On 3 September 2004, the 3rd Space Operations Squadron ceased operating the NATO III, NATO IV, and Skynet satellite systems and on 31 August 2006, the 1st Space Operations Squadron turned over operations of the Defense Support Program constellation to the 460th Space Wing's 2nd Space Warning Squadron. On 11 April 2008, the 3rd Space Operations Squadron accepted the first Wideband Global SATCOM spacecraft.

On 15 September 2011, the 21st Space Operations Squadron transitioned to Vandenberg Air Force Base's Ellison Onizuka Space Operations Facility and Onizuka Air Force Station closed. On 16 July 2008, the 1st Space Operations Squadron decommissioned and disposed of the Midcourse Space Experiment. In March 2009, the 21st Space Operations Squadron provided communications support for the Space Shuttle Discovery during STS-119.

1 SOPS assumed responsibility for TacSat-3, the Space Based Space Surveillance system, and the Operationally Responsive Space-1 spacecraft in 2010, retiring TACSAT-3 in 2012 and ORS-1 in 2017.

In 2010, the 50th Space Wing regained responsibility for the Defense Meteorological Support Program, standing up Detachment 1, 50th Operations Group at Suitland, Maryland. On 12 March 2012, 4 SOPS assumed satellite control authority for Advanced Extremely High Frequency-1. On 21 February 2011, the 50th Space Wing gained control authority for the Space Based Space Surveillance satellite.

On 1 April 2013, the Space Innovation and Development Center was inactivated, resulting in the 50th Space Wing gaining the 3rd Space Experimentation Squadron. On 29 September 2015, the Geosynchronous Space Situational Awareness Program was transferred to the 1st Space Operations Squadron. The 50th Space Wing operated a number of other experimental systems, including the Boeing X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle, Automated Navigation and Guidance Experiment for Local Space (ANGELS) from 2016 to 2017, and ORS-5 and the Evolved Expendable Launch Vehicle Secondary Payload Adapter Augmented Geosynchronous Laboratory Experiment (EAGLE) in 2018. On 13 June 2017, the 3 Space Operations Squadron was inactivated, merging its functions into 4 SOPS. 4 SOPS provided communications support to hurricane relief efforts.

On 20 December 2019, the 50th Space Wing, along with the rest of Air Force Space Command, was transferred to the United States Space Force and on 19 June 2020, the 750th Operations Group was activated, centralizing orbital warfare functions represented by the 1st Space Operations Squadron, 3rd Space Experimentation Squadron, and 750th Operations Support Squadron under a single group. On 24 July 2020, the 50th Space Wing was inactivated for a final time, being replaced by the Peterson-Schriever Garrison. Its units were divided between Space Delta 6, which is responsible for cyberspace operations and replaced the 50th Network Operations Group, Space Delta 8, which is responsible for satellite communications and navigation warfare and replaced the 50th Operations Group, and Space Delta 9, which is responsible for orbital warfare and replaced the 750th Operations Group.

title: 50th Space Wing


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Josefa Vosanibola

Josefa Bole Vosanibola is a former Fijian politician and Cabinet Minister. He is the father of former Social Democratic Liberal Party MP Peceli Vosanibola.

Vosanibola served as Minister for Home Affairs from 16 December 2004, when he was appointed by Prime Minister Laisenia Qarase to succeed Joketani Cokanasiga, to 5 December 2006, when his government was deposed in a military coup.

Before he was appointed Home Affairs Minister, he had served as Minister for Information, and before that as Minister for Transport and Civil Aviation, following his election to represent the Tailevu North Ovalau Open Constituency, as a candidate of the Soqosoqo Duavata ni Lewenivanua (SDL), in the parliamentary election of 2001.

Vosanibola, a devout and outspoken Christian who strongly defended the influence of the church in Fijian society, played a role in the foundation of the Christian Democratic Alliance (VLV) in 1998 and unsuccessfully contested the Tailevu North Ovalau Open Constituency for that party in the election of 1999. In the political realignment that followed the 2000 coup, the VLV splintered and Vosanibola joined the SDL.

Political and constitutional views
On 12 August 2005, Vosanibola backed calls for sovereignty over Fiji to be returned to the chiefs. It was the chiefs who ceded sovereignty to the British monarchy in 1874, he said, and it should have been returned to them when Fiji became independent in 1970. The failure to do so was the cause of Fiji's post-independence history of instability, he maintained. "Fijians understand that unless their sovereignty is reinstated their status is subject to the maneuvering of politicking," he said.

On 22 November 2005, Vosanibola strongly criticized Opposition Leader Mahendra Chaudhry for his attacks on the Unity Bill. He said that the government was following parliamentary procedures and that Chaudhry's demands for it to be withdrawn before it had been tabled were both culturally insensitive and "premature." "The calls by the Opposition Leader to toss the bill out, before the sectoral committee's report on public submissions are tabled in the House, is uncalled for and premature, to say the least," Vosanibola declared. He went on to say that the government welcomed "constructive criticism" and believed in the need to respect other cultures and beliefs. "Peace, reconciliation, and unity are sentiments meant not only for the person next door but for all people," he opined.

Tensions with the Military
Vosanibola had a tense relationship with the Military commander, Commodore Frank Bainimarama, repeatedly rebuking him for opposing government policies through the media rather than following proper channels. In April 2005 he ordered Bainimarama not to make any more public statements without his consent. On 10 June 2005, President Ratu Josefa Iloilo rejected the government's call to discipline Bainimarama for insubordination over his public opposition to government policies. In July 2005, Bainimarama publicly called for Vosanibol's resignation. In December 2005 Bainimarama ordered soldiers to occupy the office of the chief executive for home affairs, and said that Vosanibola should be removed from office for failing to obey him. In January 2006 Bainimarama said he no longer recognised Vosanibola as minister, and called on the government to resign.

2006 election
Seeking renomination from the SDL for the parliamentary election due on 6–13 May 2006, Vosanibola faced a challenge from Eminoni Ranacou, a former agriculture officer. The SDL campaign director, Jale Baba, intervened to ensure that Vosanibola was renominated, over the objections of the local party hierarchy, Fiji Village reported on 12 April. He went on to retain his seat by a large majority, and kept his Cabinet post in the new government that was formed subsequently.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Josefa Vosanibola


text: Template:Campaignbox Alexander's Persian campaigns


text:
North York General Hospital

North York General Hospital (NYGH) is a teaching hospital in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Primarily serving the North York district, as well as southern York Region, it offers acute care, ambulatory and long-term services at multiple sites. It is one of Canada's leading community academic hospitals and is affiliated with the University of Toronto. NYGH is one of the three constituent hospitals of the Peters-Boyd Academy of the University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine.

History
North York General Hospital at Leslie Street and Sheppard Avenue was opened in 1968. The four founding partners were: Friends of North York General (later to become the North York General Hospital Foundation); the Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire (IODE), a Canadian women's charitable organization; the Missionary Health Institute; and Volunteer Services. In 1960, a group of local citizens established the North Metropolitan Hospital Association to explore building a hospital to serve the growing area of North York. Under the leadership of Colonel Clifford Sifton, plans were made and funds raised for a 70-bed community hospital on the corner of Leslie and Sheppard. By November 1962, land on the Leslie site was obtained. Some 3,000 volunteers collected $3.2 million of the $8.6 million cost of the new hospital. On March 15, 1968, Premier John Robarts officially dedicated North York General Hospital.

The hospital underwent a major expansion that opened in 2003.

On 1 April 2003 a nurse was infected with SARS. Dr. Donald Low recalls poring over patient charts throughout the Victoria Day weekend, held that year on 19 May, when he hypothesized that a disease that caused the emergency that the province had declared finished a few days earlier was actually still spreading among health-care workers and hospital patients. Low resumed containment efforts and it took a city-wide effort to beat the outbreak completely. On July 2, the WHO removed Toronto from the list of affected cities. In Canada, health-care workers made up 43 per cent of SARS cases.

North York General encompassed satellite sites, such as Branson Ambulatory Care Centre and the Seniors' Health Centre and Reactivation Care Centre. On March 1, 2017, North York General Hospital announced the hospital would not be renewing its lease at the Branson Ambulatory Care Centre in 2019 and would begin to transition services from that site. On December 10, 2017, the Reactivation Care Centre: A Central LHIN Hospitals Collaborative opened at 2111 Finch Avenue West. In May 2018, the hospital announced two new locations would replace the Branson Ambulatory Care Centre.

In 2019, North York General Hospital was ranked the second best hospital in Canada and one of the top 100 hospitals world by Newsweek.

Services
The General site is located at Leslie Street and Sheppard Avenue in north central Toronto. It offers services including inpatient acute care services and a 24-hour full service emergency. The Charlotte & Lewis Steinberg Emergency at the General site is a full-service emergency. In the 2019-2020 fiscal year there were 28,091 inpatient stays with an average length of stay of 5.1 days. The hospital emergency department had 118,800 visits in 2019-20.

The Cancer Program provides treatment for many types of cancers, including breast, colon, prostate, gynecological and urinary.

Other services in the hospital include family and community medicine, genetics testing, maternal and pediatric care, diagnostic imaging, geriatric care, mental health, surgeries

Branson Ambulatory Care Centre
The Branson Ambulatory Care Centre is located at Bathurst Street and Finch Avenue West. It opened in 1957 as the North York Branson Hospital by the Seventh-day Adventist Church. It was named for Mr. William Henry Branson, an Adventist missionary and President of the General Conference of Seventh-day Adventists. In 1997 it became part of North York General Hospital (as NYGH-Branson Division) after the final report by the Health Services Retructuring Commission. On March 1, 2017, North York General Hospital announced the hospital would not be renewing its lease at the Branson Ambulatory Care Centre in 2019 and would begin to transition services from that site. In May 2018, the hospital announced two new locations would replace the Branson Ambulatory Care Centre.

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it is currently being used as a COVID-19 assessment centre. The assessment centre occupies the former Urgent Care Centre.

Seniors' Health Centre and Reactivation Care Centre
The Seniors' Health Centre opened in 1985 and is located at 2 Buchan Court (Leslie and Sheppard). It houses both a long-term care home with 192 beds and Specialized Geriatric Services. These services are aimed at seniors with medical or mental health problems that threaten their independence or the ability to live at home. Along with the day hospital, the Seniors' Health Centre offers many elder care clinics.

The Reactivation Care Centre is a collaborative and innovative approach designed to help patients who no longer need acute care services, but often find themselves waiting for an alternate care facility, such as convalescent and long-term care. NYGH has a patient unit in the centre.

title: North York General Hospital


text:
Erik Lakomaa

Erik Martin Lakomaa (born 14 April 1977 in Linköping) is a Swedish scholar and political consultant known for his role as strategist for the no-campaign in the 2003 Swedish referendum on the euro. He has also advised a number of centre-right politicians, most notably Lars Wohlin and Nils Lundgren. In 2005 he was awarded the Rising Star Award as the best young political consultant outside the United States.

Lakomaa begun his career as editorial writer for the conservative news paper Svenska Dagbladet and he also edited the libertarian magazine Nyliberalen. In 2004 he founded the first political consultancy in Sweden. In March 2009 the newspaper Dagens Nyheter revealed that he was one of the organizers of the anti-FRA mass surveillance law grassroots campaign the year before.

Lakomaa is a graduate from Stockholm University, (B A Political Science), Stockholm School of Economics, (M.Sc. Business & Economics), a Ph D from Stockholm School of Economics (Economic History), where he also is an affiliated assistant professor at the Department of Marketing and Strategy and the director of the Institute for Economic and Business History Research. His research is focused on how organizations, private and public, handle external (technological, institutional, market driven) change. He has published on school reforms, technological change and internationalization in the media industry, and municipal tax policy. Lakomaa has also written on the history of the Swedish Psychological Defense Agency and the cooperation between the Government and civilian advertising agencies during the cold war. In addition to his research on school reforms he has been adviser to a number of local governments on school policy and expert in two government studies on the School System.

He is the grandson of Finnish aircraft designer Aarne Lakomaa.

title: Erik Lakomaa


text:
New Orleans Massacre of 1866

The New Orleans Massacre of 1866 occurred on July 30, when a peaceful demonstration of mostly Black Freedmen was set upon by a mob of white rioters, many of whom had been soldiers of the recently defeated Confederate States of America, leading to a full-scale massacre. The violence erupted outside the Mechanics Institute, site of a reconvened Louisiana Constitutional Convention. According to the official report, a total of 38 were killed and 146 wounded, of whom 34 dead and 119 wounded were Black Freedmen. Unofficial estimates were higher. Gilles Vandal estimated 40 to 50 Black Americans were killed and more than 150 Black Americans wounded. Others have claimed nearly 200 were killed. In addition, three white convention attendees were killed, as was one white protester.

During much of the American Civil War, New Orleans had been occupied and under martial law imposed by the Union. On May 12, 1866, Mayor John T. Monroe, a Democrat who had ardently supported the Confederacy, was reinstated as acting mayor, the position he held before the war. Judge R. K. Howell was elected as chairman of the convention, with the goal of increasing participation by voters likely to vote for removal of the Black Codes.

The massacre expressed conflicts deeply rooted in the social structure of Louisiana. The New Orleans massacre was a continuation of a longer shooting war over slavery (beginning with Bleeding Kansas in 1859), of which the 1861–1865 hostilities were merely the largest part. More than half of the whites were Confederate veterans and nearly half of the Black Americans were veterans of the Union army. The national reaction of outrage at the earlier Memphis riots of 1866 and the New Orleans Massacre helped the Radical Republicans win a majority in both houses of Congress in the 1866 midterm elections. The riots catalyzed support for the Fourteenth Amendment, extending suffrage and full citizenship to freedmen, and the Reconstruction Act, to establish military districts for the national government to oversee areas of the South and work to change their social arrangements.

Tension builds
The State Constitutional Convention of 1864 authorized greater civil freedoms to Blacks within Louisiana yet provided no voting rights for any people of color. Free people of color, who were mixed-race, had been an important part of New Orleans for more than a century and were established as a separate class in the colonial period, before United States annexation of the territory in 1803. Many were educated and owned property and were seeking the vote. In addition, Republicans had the goals of extending the suffrage to freedmen and eliminating the Black Codes passed by the legislature. They reconvened the convention and succeeded in incorporating these goals. White Democrats by and large considered the reconvened convention illegal, as they said that the voters, then limited to whites only, had accepted the constitution. White supremacy was a plank of their 1865 state party platform: "Resolved, that we hold this to be a Government of White People, made and to be perpetuated for the exclusive political benefit of the White Race, and in accordance with the constant adjudication of the United States Supreme Court, that the people of African descent cannot be considered as citizens of the United States, and that there can in no event nor under any circumstances be any equality between the white and other Races." They opposed the goals articulated by Rufus King Cutler: "We have thirty to thirty-five thousand negro and colored voters in Louisiana, and about twenty-eight to thirty-thousand white voters. We could have all the negro men and the colored men to vote with the Union men, and that, with the disenfranchisement of the leading rebels, would give the ascendancy to the unionists, and I think they could sustain themselves...with sufficient military force to enforce these provisions, we could establish a government that would be substantial and we could sustain it after its establishment."

In addition, they argued legal technicalities: the elected chairman Howell had left the original convention before its conclusion and was, therefore, not considered a member, the constitution was accepted by the people, and the radicals, only 25 of whom were present at the convention of 1864, did not make up a majority of the original convention.

On July 27, Black supporters of the convention, including approximately 200 war veterans, met at the steps of the Mechanics Institute. They were stirred by speeches of abolitionist activists, most notably Anthony Paul Dostie and former Governor of Louisiana Michael Hahn. The men proposed a parade to the Mechanics Institute on the day of the convention to show their support.

Massacre
The convention met at noon on July 30, but a lack of a quorum caused postponement to 1:30. When the convention members left the building, they were met by the black marchers with their marching band. On the corner of Common and Dryades streets, across from the Mechanics Institute, a group of armed whites awaited the black marchers. This group was composed largely of Democrats who opposed abolition; most were ex-Confederates who wanted to disrupt the convention and the threat to white supremacy the increasing political and economic power of blacks in the state represented.

It is not known which group fired first, but within minutes, there was a battle in the streets. The black marchers were unprepared and many were unarmed; they rapidly dispersed, with many seeking refuge within the Mechanics Institute. The white mob brutally attacked blacks on the street and some entered the building:

"The whites stomped, kicked, and clubbed the black marchers mercilessly. Policemen smashed the institute’s windows and fired into it indiscriminately until the floor grew slick with blood. They emptied their revolvers on the convention delegates, who desperately sought to escape. Some leaped from windows and were shot dead when they landed. Those lying wounded on the ground were stabbed repeatedly, their skulls bashed in with brickbats. The sadism was so wanton that men who kneeled and prayed for mercy were killed instantly, while dead bodies were stabbed and mutilated."

Federal troops responded to suppress the riot and jailed many of the white insurgents. The governor declared the city under martial law until August 3.

Nearly 200 people were killed, almost all African Americans. Notable among the dead were Victor Lacroix, John Henderson Jr. (son of John Henderson, a U.S. Senator from Mississippi), Dr. A. P. Dostie, and Rev. Mr. Jotham Horton.

Reaction
The national reaction to the New Orleans riot, coupled with the earlier Memphis riots of 1866, was one of heightened concern about the current Reconstruction strategy and desire for a change of leadership. In the 1866 midterm elections, the Republican Party, increased their majority further, ultimately gaining 77% of the seats in Congress, enabling them to overturn any veto by Democratic President Andrew Johnson, who was opposed to granting equal rights to freedmen. In both houses of Congress, the faction known as the "Radical Republicans" prevailed, and imposed much harsher terms of Reconstruction on the states of the former Confederacy.

On March 2, 1867, the First Reconstruction Act was passed – over President Johnson's veto – to provide for more federal control in the South. Military districts were created to govern the region until violence could be suppressed and a more democratic political system established. Ex-Confederate soldiers and leaders, most of whom were white supporters of the Democratic Party, were temporarily disenfranchised, and the right of suffrage was to be enforced for free people of color. Under the act, Louisiana was assigned to the Fifth Military District, commanded by Philip Sheridan. On assuming command of the district, the general had announced his intention to avoid the wholesale removal of civil officials unless the authorities failed “to carry out the provisions of the law or impeded reorganization.” But he soon decided that a number of officials had to go. Displeased with the civil authorities’ handling of the New Orleans riot the previous summer and their failure to bring the perpetrators to justice, Sheridan dismissed Mayor Monroe, State Attorney General Herron, and Judge Edmund Abell from office and replaced them with Republicans whom he believed would faithfully execute their duties. He also removed an aide to the New Orleans police chief for intimidating black voters and annulled a law designed to prevent former federal soldiers from serving on the New Orleans police force, stipulating that in the future one-half of the policemen be Union Army veterans.

The editorial department of Harper's Weekly held that President Johnson tacitly approved the massacre by signaling that he would not use federal power to interfere in ex-Confederate paramilitary action:

"The President knew, as every body else knew, the inflamed condition of the city of New Orleans. He had read, as we had all read, the fiery speeches of both parties. He knew, unless he had chosen willfully to ignore, the smothered hatred of the late rebels toward the Union men of every color. He may have considered the 'Conservatives' wise, humane, and peaceful. He may have thought the Radicals wild and foolish. He knew that the Mayor was a bitter rebel, whom he had pardoned into office. He knew that the courts had denounced the Convention, and he was expressly informed that they meant to indict the members. He could not affect ignorance of the imminent danger of rioting and bloodshed. Still, if, as he constantly asserts, Louisiana is rightfully in the same relation to the Union that New York is, he had no authority to say a word or to do an act in that State except 'on application of the Legislature, or of the Executive when the Legislature can not be convened.' Why did he presume, then, to judge of the authority of the Convention? What has the President of the United States to do with the manner in which delegates to a State Convention are selected? If his own assertion be correct as to the present relation of Louisiana to the Union, the President convicts himself of the most extraordinary and passionate act of executive usurpation and federal centralization recorded in our history. ¶ If, however, he had any right whatever to intervene in the absence of a demand from the Legislature or the Governor, it was derived from the fact that Louisiana is held by the military power of the United States, in which case her present relation to the Union is not what the President declares it to be, and he has ample and absolute power to do in that State whatever is necessary to keep the peace. And he knew, as he knew his own existence, that a simple word to the military commander to preserve the peace at all hazards would prevent disorder and save lives. He did not speak that word. Assuming to plant himself upon the Constitution, which by his very act he violated, he telegraphed to the Attorney-General of the State. He threw his whole weight upon the side of those from whom he knew in the nature of things the disorder would proceed, and from whom it did proceed. He knew the city was tinder, and he threw in a spark. Every negro hater and every disloyal ruffian knew from the President's dispatch that the right of the citizens to assemble and declare their views would not be protected. The Mayor's proclamation was a covert but distinct invitation to riot. He announced to a city seething with passionate hatred of the Convention, that it would 'receive no countenance from the President.' It was simply saying, 'The Convention is at your mercy.' ¶ And the mob so understood it. A procession of negroes carrying a United States flag was attacked. It defended itself; and the work which one word from the President would have stopped, and which he had the full authority to speak if he could speak at all, went on to its awful result. The rebel flag was again unfurled. The men who had bravely resisted it for four years were murdered under its encouragement, and while they were still lying warm in their blood the President telegraphed that they were 'an unlawful assembly,' and that 'usurpation will not be tolerated' -- words which he had no shadow of authority to utter except by the same right which empowered him to save all those lives; a right which he declined to exercise."

Benjamin Butler, an early advocate for the prospect of impeaching President Andrew Johnson, as early as October 1866 proposed alleged complicity in the massacre as one of several grounds for impeaching Johnson. After his election to the United States House of Representatives in the November 1866 House elections, Congressman-elect Butler continued to assert that, among several grounds for impeaching Johnson, was that Johnson allegedly, "unlawfully, corruptly, and wickedly confederating and conspiring with one John T. Monroe...and other evil disposed persons, traitors, and rebels," in relation to the massacre. Incidentally, in November 1867, when Thomas Williams authored the majority report of House Committee on the Judiciary at the conclusion of first impeachment inquiry against Andrew Johnson, the report recommending the impeachment of President Andrew Johnson outlined seventeen specific acts of alleged malfeasance by Johnson, the sixteenth of which alleged that Johnson had encouraged the massacre (which the report characterized as, "the murder of loyal citizens in New Orleans by a Confederate mob pretending to act as a police"). However, the United States House of Representatives voted 57–108 against impeaching Johnson on December 7, 1867. When Johnson was impeached months later, none of the articles of impeachment related to the New Orleans massacre.

title: New Orleans Massacre of 1866


text:
Talk:Aliso Viejo, California

NPOV
Some of these history items seem to be written by an angsty teenager. I cleaned up the fireworks one, but it really seems this article could use some cleanup in general, and selections of history that aren't entirely negative. --tp

Why don't you go clean up yourself? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.231.193.191 (talk) 10:57, 23 October 2008 (UTC)

Incorporation
Is this a CDP (Aliso Viejo is a census-designated place located in Orange County, California), or a city (Incorporated April 19, 1961) ?--Revas 13:11, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Aliso Viejo is a city. See: ci.aliso-viejo.ca.us. I will make the change. Sincerely, Short Verses (talk) 15:02, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)

 * Okay, now I see why. The Census took place in 2000, and Aliso Viejo was incorporated in 2001.  The data originally on this page was from the 2000 census. Sincerely, Short Verses (talk) 15:07, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)

Notable Residents
Do the mayor and city council members really count as notable? Matt 21:11, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

Pictures
I'd love to see some photographs of Aliso Viejo in this article. —midg3t 01:52, 2 April 2007 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Aliso Viejo, California


text:
Lanuza, Surigao del Sur

Lanuza, officially the Municipality of Lanuza (Surigaonon: Lungsod nan Lanuza; Bayan ng Lanuza), is a 4th class municipality in the province of Surigao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 13,642 people.

History
On December 10, 1918, Executive Order No. 52 of American Governor General Francis Burton Harrison that was signed by Charles Yeater, divided Cantilan into three parts – Carrascal, present-day Cantilan and Lanuza. Now it is part of the settlement area called Carcanmadcarlan.

Barangays
Lanuza is politically subdivided into 13 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks while some have sitios.

In 1956, the sitio of Antao was converted into a barrio.
 * Agsam
 * Bocawe
 * Bunga
 * Gamuton
 * Habag
 * Mampi
 * Nurcia
 * Pakwan
 * Sibahay
 * Zone I (Poblacion)
 * Zone II (Poblacion)
 * Zone III (Poblacion)
 * Zone IV (Poblacion)

Climate
Lanuza has a tropical rainforest climate (Af) with heavy to very heavy rainfall year-round and with extremely heavy rainfall frfrom December to February.

Economy
Lanuza belongs to the economic zone of Cantilan, one of the major economic zones of Surigao del Sur. Business opportunity is mainly dependent on agriculture, fishing, and eco-tourism. Lanuza was awarded a "clean and green" municipality title of the Caraga Region.

For telecommunication there are six cell sites operated by Smart Communications and Globe Telecom that cover the whole area of CarCanMadCarLan (Carrascal, Cantilan, Madrid, Carmen and Lanuza).

Two cable TV providers operate in Cantilan, Carrascal and Madrid. Cantilan has broadband internet with a number of internet cafes. The municipal building in Lanuza has a satellite connection, soon this will be extended to the school and may be offered as an internet cafe in the evenings.

Lanuza is noted as a surfing destination with its various surfing areas from Reef Breaks to Beach Breaks. Surfing season is between the months of November to March where big waves are in constant motion.

title: Lanuza, Surigao del Sur


text:
Talk:Satellite Control Network

Merge
This should probably be merged into United States 50th Space Wing. Avriette 13:13, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * done. Avriette July 1, 2005 00:00 (UTC)
 * I think it should stay a separate article. --Pmsyyz 1 July 2005 01:06 (UTC)

Pakistan khatam hen Wala he ok 117.102.54.86 (talk) 21:10, 30 June 2024 (UTC)

 * What are you 117.102.54.86 (talk) 21:10, 30 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Satellite Control Network


text: File:Squarepusher.bigloada.jpg

title: File:Squarepusher.bigloada.jpg


text:
Fujisankei Communications International

Fujisankei Communications International, Inc. (FCI) is the American arm of the Fujisankei Communications Group, a Japanese media conglomerate of television and radio channels, magazine, newspaper, record and video game companies. The Fujisankei Communications Group regroups more than 90 companies, like Fuji TV in Japan, among others. Founded in 1986 in New York City and owned by Fuji Media Holdings, FCI makes productions from the Fujisankei Communications Group available to the United States and the rest of the western world.

FCI was involved with videogame publishing as well, being one of the early third-party licensees for Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) starting in 1987. Originally, FCI merely published in North America translations of video games that were released in Japan mainly by Pony Canyon, another company from the Fujisankei Communications Group. FCI was well-known at this time for the many RPG and Adventure games they released for the NES as conversions from PC games, such as the Advanced Dungeons & Dragons and Ultima series. Later, FCI began contracting outside development houses to create original games; examples include WCW Super Brawl Wrestling and WCW: The Main Event, both developed by Beam Software of Australia; Might & Magic III, developed by Iguana Entertainment; and Metal Morph and the Runes of Virtue titles in the Ultima series, both developed by Origin Systems. FCI had a long partnership with Origin, starting when Pony Canyon was hired to translate the Ultima PC games for Japan, strengthening through the conversion of Ultima III, IV and V for the NES, followed by Ultima VI and VII for the Super NES, and continuing through the end of FCI's videogame department; a conversion of Origin's PC game Wing Commander II to the Super NES was in development for release by FCI when they closed their video games division. In the mid-1990s, FCI abandoned video game distribution to concentrate on television operations.

FCI has contracts with television stations in New York City, Hawaii and California to air programming segments. Since 1999, Fuji TV, through FCI, has forbidden foreign TV stations from subtitling its dramas, a practice that is criticized and has alienated some fans of the genre.

The company continues to be based in Manhattan, but has since moved from its original offices to its current location around 1988. FCI also has secondary offices in the United States, Europe and Egypt.

NES

 * Advanced Dungeons & Dragons: DragonStrike
 * Advanced Dungeons & Dragons: Heroes of the Lance
 * Advanced Dungeons & Dragons: Pool of Radiance
 * Advanced Dungeons & Dragons: Hillsfar
 * Bard's Tale, The
 * Breaktime
 * Dr. Chaos
 * Hydlide
 * Lunar Pool
 * MagMax
 * Phantom Fighter
 * Seicross
 * Ultima III: Exodus
 * Ultima IV: Quest of the Avatar
 * Ultima V: Warriors of Destiny
 * WCW Wrestling
 * Zanac

Super NES

 * Metal Morph
 * Might and Magic III: Isles of Terra
 * SimEarth: The Living Planet
 * Ultima VI: The False Prophet
 * Ultima VII: The Black Gate
 * WCW SuperBrawl Wrestling
 * Ultima: Runes of Virtue II
 * Worlds of Ultima: The Savage Empire

Game Boy

 * Boxxle
 * Boxxle 2
 * Bubble Ghost
 * Out of Gas
 * Panel Action Bingo
 * Tasmania Story
 * Ultima: Runes of Virtue
 * Ultima: Runes of Virtue II
 * WCW: The Main Event

Sega CD

 * Advanced Dungeons & Dragons: Eye of the Beholder

Unpublished games

 * Advanced Dungeons & Dragons: Curse of the Azure Bonds
 * WCW Super Brawl Wrestling (Genesis)
 * Might and Magic III: Isles of Terra (Genesis)
 * Wing Commander II (Super NES)

Curse of the Azure Bonds was abandoned due to difficulties during development. The remaining games were in development.

title: Fujisankei Communications International


text:
User talk:Ghostieguide

User talk:Ghostieguide/Archive 1 Archive 1 June 2005- Jan 2007

Any comments add them here. I will usually respond here on this page Ghostieguide 02:43, 9 January 2007 (UTC)

Convict era of Western Australia
Convictism Convict era of Western Australia shaped up really nicely. Your push not only gained a G/A but was probably the first success for the new WP:WA. Looking forward to your next suggestion when you return. Unless you want to go for F/A?!? Regards Fred 11:24, 13 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks, but I cant take any credit for that one, I hardly had any input. Mostly the stirling work of Hesp. I would however love to see Fremantle prison or the roundhouse at FA status but its a lot of work, Freo article itself could be bought to GA status, its suprisingly poor considering its importance. Keep up the good work. Ghostieguide 12:46, 13 January 2007 (UTC)

I just read Hotel wikipedia, then WP:Beast, very amusing. Fremantle article has so many editors past and present it needs a concerted effort. You may know my bias, but Freo is more notable and interesting than Perth and worth a push toward F/A. Fred 13:12, 13 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Dyk: English born colonials distinguished themselves from 'native-born' with the terms Sterling and Currency. Dr brewer will an interesting source for true blue if phrases interest you.

Present Arms in Dub
Present Arms in Dub redirects to Present Arms In Dub. You've kinda lost me with your explanation... sorry. Which page should be redirecting to which? -- Longhair\talk 23:29, 22 January 2007 (UTC)

Present Arms is also a duplicate page, requiring a merge (or redirect) as you say. -- Longhair\talk 23:30, 22 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Perhaps not, similar titles though. -- Longhair\talk 23:31, 22 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Present Arms in Dub is currently a redirect. I think you've still got your cache problem going on. Try adding ?action=purge (which will clear the cache) to the end of the URL for Present Arms in Dub and see if you see what I see; a redirect. -- Longhair\talk 01:31, 23 January 2007 (UTC)

List...
Hey you pointed me to an issue - I somehow have been disposed otherwsie - could you remind me the issue - sorry to be nuisance... SatuSuro 11:22, 28 January 2007 (UTC) Hey right in front of me - I have it. God what a mess there...SatuSuro 11:28, 28 January 2007 (UTC) Did my bit - If I had denied the haunted places in central java when I was doing fieldwork there - I might as well not have gone there at all! SatuSuro 12:19, 28 January 2007 (UTC)

Palm Island ACOTF
Hi Ghostieguide, you seem to be interested in Australian history (well Western Australian History anyway :), but you did participate in the Torres Strait Islanders Collaboration, so I thought you might be interested in the Palm ACOTF which has gained a lot of momentum over the last week, or even if you would just like to leave your opinion here as to what needs to be done. Thanks, WikiTownsvillian 14:12, 29 January 2007 (UTC)

Headsup
Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Western Australia/WA Meetup. Hesperian 04:26, 30 January 2007 (UTC)

Re: List of haunted locations AFD
I added a comment supporting a keep. --The Argonaut 22:05, 31 January 2007 (UTC)
 * There's a missionary for science unchecked at the article - there now... SatuSuro 02:08, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

Meetup
Good to meet up - plan to come down to freo in the next couple of weeks from the mountain tops up here in the hills - might try to meetup again - very interested in the walk tour thingy seeing that my business plan for the hills never got beyond square one... so hope to catchup again- cheers SatuSuro 08:00, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

Image:Bertonex191300.jpg
From what I can tell, the previous image was licenced under Fair use, and the current image is freely licenced, being in the public domain. The old image has been deleted. There's a current push for more free images on Wikipedia, so I think we're stuck with what's currently there. -- Longhair\talk 23:24, 13 February 2007 (UTC)

Ghost tour speedy delete
The speedy delete was for the previous version of the article. By all means, please feel free to start from scratch.

-- Nealparr  (yell at me 00:22, 20 February 2007 (UTC)

Inside Cover
Have you read Inside Cover today? Hesperian 01:36, 8 March 2007 (UTC)
 * Chuckle! —Moondyne 01:50, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

Nationl Hotel
I can think of various towns in australia where pubs burning down was a regular occasion - i think midland lost three that way... SatuSuro 23:06, 11 March 2007 (UTC)

Bushranger is now ACOTF
Hi. You voted for Bushranger, which has been selected as the new ACOTF. Please help to improve it if you can. You probably have some interesting material about any who were imprisoned in Fremantle. Thanks. --Scott Davis Talk 14:55, 15 April 2007 (UTC)

Comeback!
Please contact via email soon SatuSuro 14:15, 29 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Hey I am sure I owe you a round? SatuSuro 07:18, 2 May 2007 (UTC)

Departing
Sorry to hear that you're leaving us. Bon-voyage and all that and if you get a chance, logon over there. —Moondyne 04:54, 2 May 2007 (UTC)

 * It's been a pleasure working with ya. You know, you're still allowed to contribute to WA article, even if you're not actually here. ;-) Hesperian 04:58, 2 May 2007 (UTC)

 * Sad to see you go, hope life treats you well! Was a pleasure to meet you at the first meetup as well. Orderinchaos 12:18, 2 May 2007 (UTC)

Regarding edits to Salad Fingers
Thank you for contributing to Wikipedia, Ghostieguide! However, your edit here was reverted by an automated bot that attempts to remove spam from Wikipedia. If you were trying to insert a good link, please accept my creator's apologies, but note that the link you added, matching rule \burbandictionary\.com\/, is on my list of links to remove and probably shouldn't be included in Wikipedia. Please read Wikipedia's external links guidelines for more information, and consult my list of frequently-reverted sites. For more information about me, see my FAQ page. Thanks! Shadowbot 08:05, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

Honestly... this is the reason I give up on editing Wikipedia... it all just too hard. Ghostieguide 08:11, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

 * If it's any consolation I reverted your version as soon as I saw this message. Welcome back... even if only for a minute. Hesperian 08:16, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

Jeffrey
I'm struggling to see an excuse to resurrect it, because I can't find a source. If you can show me a reliable third party source of any description, I'll undelete it for you.

Some cynical advice: most speedy deletion patrollers only look at an article for about two seconds before they decide whether or not to delete it. Probably the deleter saw the words "second banana", didn't know what it meant, and presumed the whole article was a joke. Therefore appearances are everything; if that page had been linked and categorised, it probably would have survived. Mention that he was born in Providence, Rhode Island (the only other encyclopaedic information I could find on him) and you're a little closer. Find out in what year he was born, and what awards he was won, and you're nearly there. And references. Ironically, even an unreferenced tag would help.

Watch this. Your version was:

[cut]

My version would be:

[cut]

See my point? Hesperian 11:47, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

Ah... wrong article... original text was: Mark Jeffrey b(1825-1903) was an English convict transported to Australia, He was known as "Big Mark" The grave digger on the Isle of the Dead Cemetery at Port Arthur, Tasmania. His autobiograpy provides an insight into convict life.

Mark Jeffrey

Ref www.wood-ditton.org.uk/markjeffrey.htm

1 accessed 29Janauary 2006

Mark Jeffrey, A Burglars Life, ISBN 0-9750123-0-4 Printing Authority of Tasmania

This Australian biography article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Jeffrey"

Copied from google cache Ghostieguide 12:28, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

Well! Now you know what the problem was. Some utter fuckwit overwrote your article with an article on a non-notable traffic reporter, and it was deleted. The admin that deleted it really ought to have checked the article history before deleting, but I'm sure you'll find it in your heart to forgive him. I shall undelete immediately. Hesperian 12:47, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

Thematic interpretation
It wasn't deleted; it was overwritten with a redirect. And by a non-admin. Your version is still in the history here. What that means is you don't have to jump through hoops or beg permission to restore it. Work it up in your sandbox, and when you're ready, just overwrite the redirect. I'll put it on my watchlist. Shout out if you need a hand. Hesperian 13:21, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

Image:Thunderstruckposter.jpg
Hello Ghostieguide, an automated process has found an image or media file tagged as nonfree media, such as fair use. The image (Image:Thunderstruckposter.jpg) was found at the following location: User:Ghostieguide/Sandbox. This image or media will be removed per statement number 9 of our non-free content policy. The image or media will be replaced with Image:NonFreeImageRemoved.svg, so your formatting of your userpage should be fine. The image that was replaced will not be automatically deleted, but it could be deleted at a later date. Articles using the same image should not be affected by my edits. I ask you to please not re-add the image to your userpage and could consider finding a replacement image licensed under either the Creative Commons or GFDL license or released to the public domain. Thanks for your attention and cooperation. User:Gnome (Bot)-talk 01:25, 18 May 2007 (UTC)

Your Back?
Hey noticed you edited your user page does that mean the ghost is back Gnangarra 23:13, 7 September 2007 (UTC)

Hope so. Hesperian 01:40, 8 September 2007 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:PresentarmsCover..jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:PresentarmsCover..jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot (talk) 21:09, 26 November 2007 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Presentarmsdub.JPG
Thanks for uploading Image:Presentarmsdub.JPG. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot (talk) 21:09, 26 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Since you're not around much, I have sorted out both of the above, so they don't get deleted. You still need to provide your source (e.g. the URL you downloaded them from) else they could still get tagged no source and deleted. Hesperian 23:32, 26 November 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject Australia newsletter
WikiProject Australia publishes a newsletter informing Australian Wikipedians of ongoing events and happenings within the community and the project. This month's newsletter has been published. If you wish to unsubscribe from these messages, or prefer to have the newsletter delivered in full to your talk page, see our subscription page. This notice delivered by BrownBot (talk), at 21:38, 11 December 2007 (UTC).

WikiProject Australia newsletter
WikiProject Australia publishes a newsletter informing Australian Wikipedians of ongoing events and happenings within the community and the project. This month's newsletter has been published. If you wish to unsubscribe from these messages, or prefer to have the newsletter delivered in full to your talk page, see our subscription page. This notice delivered by BrownBot (talk), at 21:39, 3 January 2008 (UTC).

Back

 * -D Hesperian 03:07, 22 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Great welcome back, are you here here of over there here.? Gnangarra 03:42, 23 April 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject Australia newsletter,December 2008
The December 2008 issue of the WikiProject Australia newsletter has been published. You may read the newsletter, change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you, or unsubscribe from this notification by following the link. This message was delivered by TinucherianBot (talk) 07:23, 17 December 2008 (UTC)

NowCommons: File:Rolls Royce Silverghost AX201 restore1.jpg
File:Rolls Royce Silverghost AX201 restore1.jpg is now available on Wikimedia Commons as Commons:File:Rolls Royce Silverghost AX201 restore1.jpg. This is a repository of free media that can be used on all Wikimedia wikis. The image will be deleted from Wikipedia, but this doesn't mean it can't be used anymore. You can embed an image uploaded to Commons like you would an image uploaded to Wikipedia, in this case:. Note that this is an automated message to inform you about the move. This bot did not copy the image itself. --Erwin85Bot (talk) 14:30, 5 October 2009 (UTC)
 * File:Rolls Royce Silverghost AX201 restore2.jpg is now available as Commons:File:Rolls Royce Silverghost AX201 restore2.jpg. --Erwin85Bot (talk) 14:31, 5 October 2009 (UTC)
 * File:Rolls Royce Silverghost AX201 restore3.jpg is now available as Commons:File:Rolls Royce Silverghost AX201 restore3.jpg. --Erwin85Bot (talk) 14:32, 5 October 2009 (UTC)

GA reassessment of Bon Scott
I have conducted a reassessment of the above article as part of the GA Sweeps process. You are being notified as you have made a number of contributions to the article. I have found some concerns which you can see at Talk:Bon Scott/GA1. I have placed the article on hold whilst these are fixed. Thanks. Jezhotwells (talk) 21:24, 24 February 2010 (UTC)

RfC:Infobox Road proposal
WP:AURD (Australian Roads), is inviting comment on a proposal to convert Australian road articles to. Please come and discuss. The vote will be after concerns have been looked into.

 * Wikipedia:WikiProject Australian Roads/RfC:Infobox Road proposal

You are being notified as a member on the list of WP:AUS

Nbound (talk) 05:49, 6 May 2013 (UTC)

The Wild Goose
Your article from 2006 is mentioned and pictured at DYK on the front page in 12 minutes Victuallers (talk) 23:49, 24 August 2013 (UTC)

Possibly unfree File:FremantlePrisonartwork4.JPG
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:FremantlePrisonartwork4.JPG, has been listed at Possibly unfree files because its copyright status is unclear or disputed. If the file's copyright status cannot be verified, it may be deleted. You may find more information on the file description page. You are welcome to add comments to its entry at if you object to the listing for any reason. Thank you. Evad37 [talk] 04:11, 26 October 2014 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:05, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Template:Did you know nominations/James Walsh (convict)
Ghostieguide, I'm glad you've decided to give DYK a try. However, there are a number of issues you'll need to clear up with this nomination if you wish it to proceed.

First, the article is too short. DYK nominations need to have a minimum of 1500 prose characters, and as it stands now there are only 1176 prose characters.

Second, you have not provided a hook with your nomination. As I'm sure you've noticed on Wikipedia's main page, each entry for Did you know has an entry that starts with "... that", and goes on to mention something interesting about the article; there is a bold link to the article itself so people can learn more. When you created the nomination template, you neglected to add this interesting information. Note that the fact(s) must be found in the article, and each fact must be given an inline source citation in the article by the end of the sentence where it appears.

I have moved the nomination to the proper spot on the nominations page, under April 6 (the day the article was created, based on UTC time). Nominations should always be placed under a date, which ought to be in the Current nominations section if you have nominated the article on time. You will want to add a hook as soon as possible to prevent the nomination from being closed, since every nomination requires a hook.

If you have any questions, please feel free to ask me. Best of luck! BlueMoonset (talk) 21:01, 7 April 2016 (UTC)

DYK
Hello! Your submission of James Walsh (convict) at the Did You Know nominations page has been reviewed, and some issues with it may need to be clarified. Please review the comment(s) underneath your nomination's entry and respond there as soon as possible. Thank you for contributing to Did You Know! North America1000 09:31, 8 April 2016 (UTC)

DYK for James Walsh (convict)
Gatoclass (talk) 14:37, 1 May 2016 (UTC)

Fair Use in Australia discussion
As an Australian Wikipedian, your opinion is sought on a proposal to advocate for the introduction of Fair Use into Australian copyright law. The discussion is taking place at the Australian Wikipedians' notice board, please read the proposal and comment there. MediaWiki message delivery MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 11:07, 2 March 2017 (UTC)

This message has been automatically sent to all users in Category:Australian Wikipedians. If you do not wish to receive further messages like this, please either remove your user page from this category, or add yourself to Category:Opted-out of message delivery

Fair Use in Australia campaign update

 * I'm writing you this followup message, as you took the time to vote in support of a Wikipedia banner campaign for the introduction of Fair Use in Australia.

 * After much planning and coordination with the WMF, Australian Digital Alliance, and Electronic Frontiers Australia, as of Monday the banner-campaign is active on English Wikipedia to a portion of logged-out readers in Australia (technical details). The banners direct people to this page on Meta: FairCopyrightOz. That page, alongside lots of information, further directs people towards the campaign website faircopyright.org.au where Australians are invited to write to their local MP to express support of Fair Use. If you are interested in supporting this campaign, please, send a letter yourself using the template letter provided at that link.

 * Furthermore, and with the support of the ADA & EFA, we have received fantastic media coverage - with article "Fair Use: Wikipedia targets Australians in bid to change the law" appearing on page 2 of the Sydney Morning Herald and page 10 of the Melbourne Age on Monday's edition. It was for a time the 3rd most read article the Fairfax website, and Fair Use was "trending" on Twitter in Australia. We are running the account @FairCopyrightOz on twitter, and we are tracking other press-mentions on the talkpage on Meta.

 * Today, day 2, we published a detailed post about the campaign on the Wikimedia Blog, ran an "Ask Me Anything" Q&A session on the Australia page in Reddit, and [by happy coincidence of timing] the article History of fair use proposals in Australia appeared on the en.wp mainpage as a Did You Know. [The creation of that "history of..." article was a specific request arising from in the community consultation in which you voted].

 * And, most importantly, in a little more than a day nearly 800 letters to MPs have been sent encouraging them to support the Productivity Commission's recommendation to adopt Fair Use in Australia. I urge you - please add your own message.

 * Sincerely, Wittylama 17:02, 23 May 2017 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of File:Fremantleprisonmap.jpg

The file File:Fremantleprisonmap.jpg has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Orphaned map."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the file's talk page.

Please consider addressing the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and files for discussion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. ~ Rob 13 Talk 15:09, 3 March 2018 (UTC)

very late notice
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Meetup/Perth/50 - apologies for late notice - hope you are able to make it or some time!! JarrahTree 04:49, 14 July 2018 (UTC) Whoops.. So missed that! Todlers change priorities. Perhaps next year. Ghostieguide (talk) 13:58, 3 August 2018 (UTC)

south flank
wow no category or project tag or reference section (welcomeback,again...) trustyou are not inPerth in the comingweek (gonna be very hot) or if you are you havegood ac JarrahTree 12:43, 19 December 2020 (UTC)

Its been a very long time.. Im so rusty.. I created the page because couldn't believe it wasn't there!.. Figured someone would notice.. Im a little less time poor now.. (had kids) so perhaps I can dip my toe in the water a little once again. Good to see a few familiar faces. Ghostieguide (talk) 12:56, 19 December 2020 (UTC)

Not many - most have slunk away into the woodwork - very few left active - lotsa smoke and mirrors

the 20th Birthday of Wikipedia is in January - will keep you posted... JarrahTree 13:05, 19 December 2020 (UTC)

 * so you back in town/editing potential again? JarrahTree 01:27, 17 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Yep.. Hi. I think so. I have a little more time now the kids have grown a bit. I seem to be a little rusty, so im dippimg my toe in. I would like to cocentrate on the WA convict stuff. It seems a little all over the place at he moment. Ghostieguide (talk) 03:04, 17 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Good on you! There are quite a few neglected areas in oz history - good to have the aspiration! JarrahTree 11:01, 17 January 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ghostieguide


text:
User talk:Exir

Welcome to Wikipedia!
Hello, welcome to Wikipedia!

Here are some tips:
 * Take a look at the Simplified Ruleset.
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If you feel a change is needed, feel free to make it yourself! Wikipedia is a wiki, so anyone (yourself included) can edit any article by following the  link. Wikipedia convention is to be bold and not be afraid of making mistakes. If you're not sure how editing works, have a look at How to edit a page, or try out the Sandbox to test your editing skills.

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If you have any questions, feel free to ask me on my talk page. Thanks and happy editing, Alphax τεχ 13:19, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Vandalism
What do you think you are doing? That is precisely the kind of edit which makes other users think it's OK to vandalize! Sjakkalle (Check!)  10:25, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Exir