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1996 in baseball

Major League Baseball

 * World Series: New York Yankees over Atlanta Braves (4-2); John Wetteland, MVP

 * American League Championship Series MVP: Bernie Williams
 * American League Division Series
 * National League Championship Series MVP: Javy López
 * National League Division Series
 * All-Star Game, July 9 at Veterans Stadium: National League, 6-0; Mike Piazza, MVP

Other champions

 * Caribbean World Series: Tomateros de Culiacán (Mexico)
 * College World Series: LSU
 * Cuban National Series: Industriales over Villa Clara
 * Japan Series: Orix BlueWave over Yomiuri Giants (4-1)
 * Big League World Series: Kaohsiung, Taiwan
 * Junior League World Series: Spring, Texas
 * Little League World Series: Fu-Hsing, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
 * Senior League World Series: Maracaibo, Venezuela
 * Korean Series: Haitai Tigers over Hyundai Unicorns
 * Summer Olympic Games at Atlanta: Cuba (Gold), Japan (Silver), United States (Bronze)
 * Taiwan Series: Uni-President Lions over Wei Chuan Dragons

Awards and honors

 * Baseball Hall of Fame
 * Jim Bunning
 * Bill Foster
 * Ned Hanlon
 * Earl Weaver
 * Most Valuable Player
 * Juan González, Texas Rangers, RF (AL)
 * Ken Caminiti, San Diego Padres, 3B (NL)
 * Cy Young Award
 * Pat Hentgen, Toronto Blue Jays (AL)
 * John Smoltz, Atlanta Braves (NL)
 * Rookie of the Year
 * Derek Jeter, New York Yankees, SS (AL)
 * Todd Hollandsworth, Los Angeles Dodgers, OF (NL)
 * Manager of the Year Award
 * Johnny Oates, Texas Rangers and Joe Torre, New York Yankees (AL)
 * Bruce Bochy, San Diego Padres (NL)
 * Woman Executive of the Year (major or minor league): Audrey Zielinski, Detroit Tigers, American League
 * Gold Glove Award
 * J. T. Snow (1B) (AL)
 * Roberto Alomar (2B) (AL)
 * Robin Ventura (3B) (AL)
 * Omar Vizquel (SS) (AL)
 * Jay Buhner (OF) (AL)
 * Ken Griffey Jr. (OF) (AL)
 * Kenny Lofton (OF) (AL)
 * Iván Rodríguez (C) (AL)
 * Mike Mussina (P) (AL)
 * Mark Grace (1B) (NL)
 * Craig Biggio (2B) (NL)
 * Ken Caminiti (3B) (NL)
 * Barry Larkin (SS) (NL)
 * Barry Bonds (OF) (NL)
 * Steve Finley (OF) (NL)
 * Marquis Grissom (OF) (NL)
 * Charles Johnson (C) (NL)
 * Greg Maddux (P) (NL)

Major League Baseball final standings

 * The asterisk denotes the club that won the wild card for its respective league.

January–April

 * January 8 – For only the seventh time in history, and the first time since 1971, the Baseball Writers' Association of America fails to select a player for induction into the Baseball Hall of Fame.
 * February 8 – Future Hall-of-Famer Dave Winfield announces his retirement. He is the oldest to hit for the cycle (in 1991) and is one of five players to reach at least 3,000 hits, 450 home runs and 200 stolen bases.  Winfield was born on the day that Bobby Thomson hit the "Shot Heard 'Round the World" that led the New York Giants to the 1951 NL pennant.
 * March 5 – The Veterans Committee elects four new members to the Hall of Fame, and just misses naming a fifth. The group elected includes Earl Weaver, Baltimore Orioles manager for 17 seasons; pitcher Jim Bunning, who wins 100 games in each league; 19th-century manager Ned Hanlon, who wins pennants in Baltimore and Brooklyn, and Bill Foster, the Negro leagues' winningest pitcher. Second baseman Nellie Fox receives the necessary 75% of the Committee's votes, but the rules allow for election of only one modern player, and Bunning has more votes.
 * April 1:
 * Seven pitches into the first game of the season, at Cinergy Field in Cincinnati, home plate umpire John McSherry collapses on the field and dies of a massive heart attack. The game between the Cincinnati Reds and Montreal Expos is postponed, while most of the games scheduled for that day were played. Reds owner Marge Schott later comes under fire for wanting the game in Cincinnati to continue despite the events (and against the wishes of the players on both teams), saying that she feels "cheated" when it's canceled.
 * For the first time since the 1977 season, Alan Trammell takes the field in a Detroit Tigers uniform without Lou Whitaker on the roster. Whitaker and Trammell were teammates for 19 seasons, a record for a shortstop/second base combination.
 * April 9 – In a wild Opening Day game at Tiger Stadium, the Detroit Tigers defeat the Seattle Mariners 10-9, scoring their 10 runs on just 4 hits. Alan Trammell hits a 3rd-inning home run, the final one of his career.
 * April 11 – Atlanta Braves pitcher Greg Maddux ends his major league record for consecutive road victories with a 2–1 loss to the San Diego Padres. Maddux is 18-0 with an 0.99 earned run average in 20 regular-season road starts since losing to the Montreal Expos on June 27, 1994.
 * April 16 – Cecil Fielder hits three home runs helping the Detroit Tigers beat the Toronto Blue Jays, 13–8.
 * April 27 – Barry Bonds hits his 300th career home run helping the San Francisco Giants beat the Florida Marlins, 6-3.
 * April 30 – At Cinergy Field, Jeff King of the Pittsburgh Pirates hits two home runs in the fourth inning of a 10-7 victory over the Cincinnati Reds. King, who had hit two home runs in the second inning of the Pirates' August 8, 1995 game against the San Francisco Giants, becomes the third player to hit two home runs in one inning on two occasions, joining Willie McCovey and Andre Dawson.

May–August

 * May 1 - Dion James is released by the New York Yankees.
 * May 7 – Mike Piazza hits his 100th career home run as the Los Angeles Dodgers lose to the Cincinnati Reds 3-2.
 * May 11 – At Pro Player Stadium, Al Leiter of the Florida Marlins no-hits the Colorado Rockies 11-0, the first no-hitter in Marlins history.
 * May 12 – Rafael Palmeiro hits his 200th career home run as the Baltimore Orioles lose to the Milwaukee Brewers 6-4.
 * May 14 – New York Yankee pitcher Dwight Gooden pitches the first Yankee Stadium no-hitter in 3 years as his Yankees beat the Seattle Mariners 3-0.
 * May 17 – At Oriole Park at Camden Yards, Chris Hoiles, batting with the bases loaded and his Baltimore Orioles trailing the Seattle Mariners 13-10, hits a grand slam home run off Norm Charlton for a 14-13 Oriole victory. Hoiles' home run, one of only 29 "ultimate grand slams" in Major League history, occurs on a full count with two outs. Hoiles becomes only the second player in Major League history to do so after Alan Trammell in 1988.
 * May 21 – Ken Griffey Jr. hits his 200th career home run helping the Seattle Mariners beat the Boston Red Sox 13-7.
 * May 24 – Ken Griffey Jr. hits 3 home runs helping the Seattle Mariners beat the New York Yankees 10-4.
 * May 28 – Cal Ripken Jr. hits 3 home runs helping the Baltimore Orioles beat the Seattle Mariners 12-8.
 * In a game against the Chicago White Sox, Frank Viola of Toronto Blue Jays gives up four runs on five hits, two of them home runs, in 5.2 innings. Viola is relieved by Jeff Ware, and is tagged with the loss. This would be the last appearance in the majors for the former Cy Young winner, as he's released by Toronto weeks later.
 * June 5 – Sammy Sosa hits 3 home runs helping the Chicago Cubs beat the Philadelphia Phillies 9-6.
 * June 6 – The Boston Red Sox beat the Chicago White Sox 7-4, as John Valentin of Boston hits for the cycle and the White Sox complete a triple play. It marks the first time since July 1, 1931, that both events occur in the same game. The cycle makes Valentin, who turned an unassisted triple play in 1994, the first player to turn an unassisted triple play and hit for the cycle. Later, Troy Tulowitzki joins Valentin in accomplishing both feats.
 * June 23 – The Los Angeles Dodgers defeat the Houston Astros at Dodger Stadium by a score of 4-3. It is the last game and victory in Tommy Lasorda's career.  The next day he checks himself into a hospital with abdominal pains which he learns are the symptoms of a heart attack.  He retires formally on July 29 with 1,599 wins.
 * June 29 – Mike Piazza hits 3 home runs helping the Los Angeles Dodgers beat the Colorado Rockies 13-10.
 * July 9 – At Veterans Stadium, the National League defeats the American League 6-0 in the All-Star Game. Ken Caminiti and Mike Piazza hit home runs for the winners. The game is the first All-Star contest in which no walks are issued by either team. The Orioles' Cal Ripken Jr. starts the game, despite suffering a broken nose when he accidentally catches a forearm from White Sox reliever Roberto Hernández when the latter slips on the tarp during the AL team photo shoot.
 * July 12 – After the failure of two operations to repair the glaucoma-induced damage that blinded him in his right eye, the Minnesota Twins' much loved outfielder Kirby Puckett announces his retirement effective immediately.
 * July 28 – Darryl Strawberry hits his 300th career home run, which helps the New York Yankees beat the Kansas City Royals 3-2.
 * July 31 - The Detroit Tigers trade Cecil Fielder to the New York Yankees in exchange for Ruben Sierra and minor league pitcher Matt Drews.
 * August 6 – Darryl Strawberry hits 3 home runs helping the New York Yankees beat the Chicago White Sox 9-2.
 * August 16 – The first official Major League game to be played outside of Canada and the United States takes place at Estadio Monterrey in Monterrey, Mexico. The San Diego Padres win behind, appropriately, Mexican pitcher Fernando Valenzuela.

September

 * September 2 – At the Kingdome, Mike Greenwell drives in all nine Boston Red Sox runs in his team's 9-8, 10-inning victory over the Seattle Mariners. The nine RBIs are the most by one player accounting for all of his team's runs in one game. Greenwell, whose evening includes two home runs, singles in the tenth to score Wil Cordero for the winning run.
 * September 6:
 * Eddie Murray of the Baltimore Orioles becomes the 15th player in major league history to hit 500 home runs. He homers off Felipe Lira in the seventh inning of the Orioles' 5-4, 12-inning loss to the Detroit Tigers at Camden Yards. Murray also joins Hank Aaron and Willie Mays as the only big leaguers to reach both this milestone and also the 3,000 hit mark.
 * Brett Butler returns to the Los Angeles Dodgers line-up four months after having surgery for throat cancer. The 39-year-old center fielder scores the decisive run in a 3-2 victory over the Pittsburgh Pirates.
 * September 14 – The New York Mets' Todd Hundley hit his 41st home run of the season in a 6-5 win at home against the Braves to set a Major League record for home runs in a season by a catcher.
 * September 16 – Paul Molitor of the Minnesota Twins becomes the first DH with 3,000 career hits. He is the first player in history to reach the milestone by collecting a triple.
 * September 17 – Hideo Nomo pitches a no-hitter against the Colorado Rockies, leading the Los Angeles Dodgers to a 9-0 victory. Nomo walks four batters and strikes out eight.
 * September 18 – Roger Clemens of the Boston Red Sox ties his own Major League record for a nine inning game by striking out twenty Detroit Tigers en route to a 4-0 win.
 * September 27 – Barry Bonds steals his 40th base of the season, becoming the second member of Major League Baseball's 40–40 club. Bonds' San Francisco Giants defeat the Colorado Rockies, 9-3.
 * September 29 – Against the Toronto Blue Jays at the SkyDome, Brady Anderson of the Baltimore Orioles hits his 50th home run of the season. The home run, leading off the game, breaks Frank Robinson's single-season franchise record of 49 home runs in 1966. Anderson also becomes the first player to hit 50 home runs in one season and steal 50 bases in another, having stolen 52 in 1992. However, the Blue Jays give up no more runs and defeat the Orioles 4-1 for Pat Hentgen's 20th victory of the season. Hentgen, the eventual American League Cy Young Award winner, becomes only the second 20-game winner in Jays history, after Jack Morris won 21 games in the Blue Jays 1992 championship season.

October-December

 * October 24 – In Game 5 of the 1996 World Series, the Atlanta Braves play their final game at Fulton County Stadium vs. the New York Yankees. Andy Pettitte outduels eventual NL Cy Young winner John Smoltz as the Yankees win Game 5 1-0 to take a 3-2 series lead.
 * October 26 – The New York Yankees take their fourth victory in a row from the Atlanta Braves, 3-2, giving them the 1996 World Series and their 23rd World Championship. Starter Jimmy Key gets the win with help from closer John Wetteland, whose four saves earn him the World Series MVP trophy.
 * November 5 - Spectacular New York Yankee newcomer Derek Jeter was named unanimously the American League Rookie of the Year.
 * November 7 - 2 great managers share together being named American League Managers of the year. Joe Torre, who led the Yankees to a World Championship while Johnny Oates led the Texas Rangers to their first ever postseason appearance.
 * November 8 - Bruce Bochy who led the San Diego Padres to their first post season appearance since the 1984 World Series was named National League Manager of the year, just edging out the Montreal Expos' Felipe Alou and the St. Louis Cardinals' Tony LaRussa for the honor.
 * November 12 – Pat Hentgen of the Toronto Blue Jays edges Andy Pettitte of the New York Yankees for the Cy Young Award in the closest American League voting since 1972 when Gaylord Perry tops Wilbur Wood by six points. Hentgen, who posts a 20-10 record with a 3.22 ERA and leads the Major Leagues in complete games (10), outpoints Pettitte (21-8, 3.87) by the narrow margin of 110-104. Yankees reliever Mariano Rivera, who goes 8-3 with a 2.09 ERA and five saves in 61 appearances, finishes third in the ballot and receives one first-place vote.
 * November 26 – Less than three weeks after major league owners vote 18-12 against ratification of baseball's new collective bargaining agreement, owners vote again and this time approve it by a vote of 26-4. The landmark agreement brings interleague play to the regular season for the first time as well as revenue sharing among owners and a payroll tax on players.
 * November 30 – Ken Caminiti of the San Diego Padres is the unanimous choice as National League Most Valuable Player. In 2002, he would be the first player of his era to admit that he uses steroids, specifically during this season, and dies in 2004 at age 41 of a heart attack thought to be drug-related. Mike Piazza is the runner-up for the award.

Movies

 * Baseball Girls
 * Ed
 * Fan, The
 * Last Home Run, The
 * Soul of the Game (TV)

January

 * January 3 – Jakson Reetz
 * January 4 – Blake Cederlind
 * January 7 – Dean Kremer
 * January 8 – Chris Paddack
 * January 9 – Jacob Nix
 * January 10 – José Castillo
 * January 15 – Janson Junk
 * January 16 – Garrett Hill
 * January 21 – Michel Báez
 * January 24 – Connor Seabold
 * January 28 – Jorge Guzmán
 * January 30 – Nick Duron
 * January 30 – Ariel Jurado

February

 * February 2 – Troy Stokes Jr.
 * February 3 – Nick Allgeyer
 * February 5 – Austin Warren
 * February 6 – Pavin Smith
 * February 9 – Brewer Hicklen
 * February 10 – Ukyo Shuto
 * February 17 – Deivy Grullón
 * February 19 – J. P. Sears
 * February 20 – Clarke Schmidt
 * February 23 – Thairo Estrada
 * February 24 – Michael Stefanic
 * February 25 – Aaron Fletcher
 * February 26 – Michael Papierski
 * February 26 – Richard Ureña
 * February 27 – Franklin Barreto
 * February 27 – Blair Calvo
 * February 27 – Corey Julks
 * February 29 – Bligh Madris

March

 * March 5 – Lucas Gilbreath
 * March 6 – Edward Olivares
 * March 6 – Edmundo Sosa
 * March 7 – Pablo López
 * March 8 – Dane Myers
 * March 11 – Glenn Otto
 * March 15 – César Salazar
 * March 17 – Stuart Fairchild
 * March 18 – Darren McCaughan
 * March 21 – J. P. Martínez
 * March 22 – Ernie Clement
 * March 22 – Tristan Gray
 * March 22 – Grant Holmes
 * March 25 – Tucker Davidson
 * March 25 – Scott Hurst
 * March 28 – David Hensley
 * March 30 – Ryan Noda

April

 * April 1 – Ryan Castellani
 * April 1 – Kutter Crawford
 * April 2 – Brandon Bielak
 * April 4 – Mitch Keller
 * April 7 – Hoy Park
 * April 7 – Magneuris Sierra
 * April 8 – Jake Latz
 * April 10 – Scott Blewett
 * April 10 – Jake Burger
 * April 11 – Alex Vesia
 * April 12 – Adam Haseley
 * April 12 – Dennis Santana
 * April 15 – Dauri Moreta
 * April 15 – Reiver Sanmartín
 * April 16 – Packy Naughton
 * April 17 – Mauricio Llovera
 * April 18 – Jhonny Pereda
 * April 19 – Seth Romero
 * April 21 – Cionel Pérez
 * April 22 – Rylan Bannon
 * April 22 – Bowden Francis
 * April 23 – Zach Logue
 * April 23 – Bryce Montes de Oca
 * April 23 – Gavin Sheets
 * April 26 – Evan White
 * April 29 – Luis Contreras
 * April 30 – Michael Kopech
 * April 30 – Zac Lowther

May

 * May 1 – Tommy Doyle
 * May 1 – Andre Jackson
 * May 2 – Luis Torrens
 * May 5 – Alejo López
 * May 11 – José Azócar
 * May 11 – Griffin Canning
 * May 11 – Jordan Yamamoto
 * May 12 – Tyler Ivey
 * May 13 – Eli Morgan
 * May 13 – Justus Sheffield
 * May 15 – Kody Clemens
 * May 15 – Alex Verdugo
 * May 16 – Sean Bouchard
 * May 16 – Donny Sands
 * May 18 – Josh Fleming
 * May 19 – Erich Uelmen
 * May 19 – Connor Wong
 * May 20 – Seth Elledge
 * May 23 – Chandler Seagle
 * May 27 – Isan Díaz
 * May 28 – Nate Fisher
 * May 29 – Bobby Bradley
 * May 30 – Luis Escobar
 * May 30 – Alan Trejo

June

 * June 3 – Charles Leblanc
 * June 3 – Jackson Tetreault
 * June 4 – Freddy Peralta
 * June 5 – Dedniel Nuñez
 * June 5 – Joe Ryan
 * June 6 – Héctor Pérez
 * June 9 – Ramón Rosso
 * June 11 – Garrett Whitlock
 * June 12 – Thomas Szapucki
 * June 13 – Jordan Holloway
 * June 13 – Tyler Holton
 * June 13 – Daniel Tillo
 * June 14 – Tom Cosgrove
 * June 14 – Robert Garcia
 * June 14 – José Marte
 * June 18 – Nick Margevicius
 * June 18 – Jake Meyers
 * June 20 – Touki Toussaint
 * June 24 – Tristan Beck
 * June 26 – Riley Adams
 * June 29 – Tanner Houck
 * June 29 – José Mujica
 * June 29 – Emmanuel Rivera

July

 * July 2 – Caleb Ferguson
 * July 2 – Daulton Varsho
 * July 3 – Codi Heuer
 * July 3 – Cole Tucker
 * July 4 – Kevin Smith
 * July 4 – Ty Tice
 * July 4 – Cody Wilson
 * July 6 – Jonathan Hernández
 * July 7 – Vinny Capra
 * July 8 – Kyle Nelson
 * July 10 – Sergio Alcántara
 * July 10 – Taylor Walls
 * July 15 – Kevin Padlo
 * July 16 – Lane Ramsey
 * July 17 – CJ Alexander
 * July 18 – Jaime Barría
 * July 18 – Sam Hentges
 * July 19 – Jermaine Palacios
 * July 24 – Cooper Criswell
 * July 25 – Cam Alldred
 * July 28 – Spencer Howard
 * July 30 – Steele Walker
 * July 31 – Luiz Gohara
 * July 31 – Nick Plummer

August

 * August 2 – Keston Hiura
 * August 3 – Travis Blankenhorn
 * August 3 – Alec Bohm
 * August 4 – Brock Burke
 * August 4 – Brady Singer
 * August 6 – Manuel Rodríguez
 * August 9 – Brendan Rodgers
 * August 9 – Luke Williams
 * August 11 – Brendon Little
 * August 12 – Julio Urías
 * August 15 – Marcus Wilson
 * August 16 – Peter Solomon
 * August 16 – Tyler Stephenson
 * August 20 – Nate Pearson
 * August 23 – Ronald Bolaños
 * August 26 – Luis Alexander Basabe
 * August 26 – J. C. Mejía
 * August 29 – Justin Sterner
 * August 30 – José Caballero

September

 * September 2 – Ryan Feltner
 * September 2 – Aaron Whitefield
 * September 3 – Jake Wong
 * September 5 – Jarren Duran
 * September 6 – Romy González
 * September 6 – Jordan Hicks
 * September 6 – Devin Sweet
 * September 8 – Brandon Walter
 * September 9 – JoJo Romero
 * September 10 – Carlos Pérez
 * September 10 – Blake Perkins
 * September 12 – Kyle Bradish
 * September 12 – Cal Stevenson
 * September 13 – Jhonathan Díaz
 * September 13 – Alfonso Rivas
 * September 15 – Daysbel Hernández
 * September 16 – Dylan Coleman
 * September 16 – Matt Vierling
 * September 17 – Kyle Dohy
 * September 17 – Jeff Lindgren
 * September 18 – Seth Beer
 * September 18 – Beau Burrows
 * September 18 – Marcos Diplán
 * September 20 – Zach Pop
 * September 23 – Easton Lucas
 * September 26 – Matt Waldron
 * September 28 – Alexis Díaz

October

 * October 1 – David Bañuelos
 * October 2 – Oliver Ortega
 * October 4 – Édgar García
 * October 4 – Jackson Kowar
 * October 6 – Antonio Santos
 * October 6 – Curtis Terry
 * October 7 – Yusniel Díaz
 * October 7 – Nick Mears
 * October 7 – Coco Montes
 * October 8 – Tim Herrin
 * October 8 – Chris Roller
 * October 10 – Génesis Cabrera
 * October 11 – J. B. Bukauskas
 * October 11 – Josh Winder
 * October 18 – Patrick Sandoval
 * October 19 – Bryan Hoeing
 * October 21 – Kolton Ingram
 * October 22 – Demarcus Evans
 * October 24 – Rafael Devers
 * October 24 – Justin Maese
 * October 28 – Jake Woodford

November

 * November 1 – Trent Grisham
 * November 2 – René Pinto
 * November 2 – Denyi Reyes
 * November 3 – Reiss Knehr
 * November 4 – Cody Morris
 * November 5 – Bryan King
 * November 5 – Michael Plassmeyer
 * November 6 – Gus Varland
 * November 8 – Ljay Newsome
 * November 11 – Nick Fortes
 * November 15 – Yennsy Díaz
 * November 15 – Owen Miller
 * November 16 – Hiroshi Kaino
 * November 17 – Daniel Lynch
 * November 17 – Hunter Stratton
 * November 18 – Logan Webb
 * November 19 – Lewin Díaz
 * November 20 – Connor Kaiser
 * November 20 – Nick Neidert
 * November 20 – Tarik Skubal
 * November 26 – Cal Raleigh
 * November 27 – Kody Funderburk
 * November 27 – Eloy Jiménez

December

 * December 1 – Jonathan Bowlan
 * December 1 – Dylan Coleman
 * December 4 – Daniel Duarte
 * December 4 – Ford Proctor
 * December 10 – Enmanuel De Jesus
 * December 10 – Adrián Martínez
 * December 11 – James McArthur
 * December 12 – Cristopher Sánchez
 * December 13 – Luis García
 * December 13 – Gleyber Torres
 * December 15 – Joey Bart
 * December 15 – Jonathan India
 * December 16 – Bryan De La Cruz
 * December 17 – Darwinzon Hernández
 * December 18 – Michael Grove
 * December 18 – Adonis Medina
 * December 20 – Abraham Toro
 * December 21 – Aneurys Zabala
 * December 22 – Nate Eaton
 * December 24 – Nicholas Padilla
 * December 26 – Hogan Harris
 * December 27 – Kyle Tyler
 * December 31 – Jorge Oña

January

 * January  3 – Connie Ryan, 75, second baseman for five clubs in span of 12 seasons between 1942 and 1954; 1944 All-Star; spent much of his baseball career with the Braves franchise, as a player in Boston (member of 1948 National League champions), coach in Milwaukee (for 1957 World Series champs), and manager in Atlanta (latter weeks of 1975); also served the Texas Rangers as a coach (1977–1979) and acting manager (1977).
 * January  5 – Elmer Singleton, 77, relief pitcher for the Boston Braves, Chicago Cubs, Pittsburgh Pirates and Washington Senators in all or part of eight MLB seasons spanning 1945–1959; pitched professionally for 23 years.
 * January  8 – Dutch McCall, 75, pitcher for the 1948 Chicago Cubs.
 * January  9 – Roger Freed, 49, outfielder who played from 1970 through 1979 with the Baltimore Orioles, Philadelphia Phillies, Cincinnati Reds, Montreal Expos and St. Louis Cardinals.
 * January  9 – Overton Tremper, 89, outfielder for the Brooklyn Robins in the 1927 and 1928 seasons.
 * January 10 – Joe Schultz, 77, backup catcher for the Pittsburgh Pirates and St. Louis Browns in eight seasons between 1939 and 1948; longtime MLB coach for Browns, St. Louis Cardinals, Kansas City Royals and Detroit Tigers; in 1969, manager for the American League expansion franchise Seattle Pilots in their inaugural and only season; as a coach, member of Cardinals' 1964 and 1967 World Series champions; son of "Germany" Schultz.
 * January 21 – Dan Monzon, 49, middle infielder and third baseman for the Minnesota Twins during the 1972 and 1973 seasons; later a notable scout who covered Latin America.
 * January 22 – Dick Rand, 64, backup catcher who played with the St. Louis Cardinals in the 1953 and 1955 seasons and for the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1957.
 * January 25 – Mike Clark, 73, a highly touted pitching prospect in the St. Louis Cardinals minor league system in the 1940s, whose career was interrupted by three years of service during World War II; finally joined the Cardinals as a relief pitcher from 1952 to 1953, going undefeated in three decisions while recording one save in 35 relief appearances.
 * January 25 – Chuck Coles, 64, left fielder who played with the Cincinnati Redlegs in 1958.

February

 * February  6 – Bob Muncrief, 80, pitcher who won 80 games for five clubs between 1937 and 1951, most notably as St. Louis Brown; won 13 games in 1944, the Browns' only pennant-winning season; member of 1948 World Series champion Cleveland Indians.
 * February  7 – Red Webb, 71, pitcher for the New York Giants in the 1948 and 1949 seasons.
 * February  8 – Del Ennis, 70, three-time All-Star outfielder who finished in the top-20 in hits in the National League eight times with the Philadelphia Phillies from 1946 to 1956, as well in the top-10 in home runs, nine times; led the league with 126 RBI in 1956 while batting .311 and hitting 31 home runs; later played with the St. Louis Cardinals, Cincinnati Reds and Chicago White Sox through mid-1959.
 * February 16 – Hank Gornicki, 86, pitcher who played for the St. Louis Cardinals, Chicago Cubs and Pittsburgh Pirates in a span of four seasons from 1941 to 1946.
 * February 17 – Andy Lapihuska, 73, pitcher who played from 1942 to 1943 for the Philadelphia Phillies.
 * February 19 – Charles O. Finley, 77, controversial and colorful owner of the Athletics between December 1960 and August 1980; moved franchise from Kansas City to Oakland after the 1967 season; functioning as his own general manager after 1966, he led the Athletics to three straight World Series titles from 1972 to 1974; brought innovations to MLB like night World Series games, the designated hitter rule, and brightly-colored uniforms and white spikes for his players.
 * February 20 – Carolyn Morris, 70, All-Star female pitcher who hurled a perfect game and two no-hitters in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League.
 * February 23 – Gordon Goldsberry, 68, first baseman with the Chicago White Sox from 1949 through 1951 and St. Louis Browns in 1952; later became a scout and front-office executive.
 * February 27 – Vic Janowicz, 66, backup catcher for the Pittsburgh Pirates from 1953 to 1954.
 * February 28 – Augie Guglielmo, 81, umpire who worked one season, in a full slate of 154 games, in the National League in 1952.
 * February 29 – Ralph Rowe, 71, MLB coach for the Minnesota Twins (1972–1975) and Baltimore Orioles (1981–1984); longtime minor league outfielder, manager and instructor.

March

 * March  8 – Bill Nicholson, 81, five-time All-Star slugging right fielder for the Chicago Cubs and Philadelphia Phillies, who twice led the National League in home runs and RBI, finished 3rd in the MVP voting in 1943 and 2nd the next year, and collected 20 or more home runs seven times, including a career-high 30 homers in 1944.
 * March 13 – Dick West, 80, backup catcher over all or parts of six seasons from 1938 to 1943 with the Cincinnati Reds.
 * March 20 – Jim Pendleton, 72, Negro American League and Triple-A outfielder, who later enjoyed an eight-year National League career spanning 1953–1962 with the Milwaukee Braves, Pittsburgh Pirates, Cincinnati Reds and Houston Colt .45s; just the second rookie to hit three homers in a major league game
 * March 21 – Ruby Stephens, 71, All-American Girls Professional Baseball League pitcher who posted a 61-53 record in six seasons and hurled a no-hitter in 1950.
 * March 22 – Pete Whisenant, 66, outfielder and utility man who played for six teams in eight seasons spanning 1952–1961, primarily with the Cincinnati Reds/Redlegs.
 * March 24 – Ray Pepper, 90, outfielder who played from 1932 through 1936 for the St. Louis Cardinals and St. Louis Browns.
 * March 24 – Jerry Robertson, 52, pitcher who played with the Montreal Expos in 1969 and Detroit Tigers in 1970.
 * March 28 – Don Ross, 81, versatile infield-outfield utility who played for the Detroit Tigers, Brooklyn Dodgers and Cleveland Indians during eight seasons spanning 1938–1946.

April

 * April  1 – John McSherry, 51, National League umpire from 1971 until he suffered a fatal heart attack while working at home plate of the NL Opening Day game in Cincinnati; umpired in the World Series in 1977 and 1987, and also officiated in eight NL Championship Series, two NL Division Games, and three All-Star Games.
 * April 14 – Clyde McNeal, 67, shortstop in the Negro leagues.
 * April 17 – Bill Serena, 71, third baseman who played from 1949 through 1954 for the Chicago Cubs.
 * April 20 – Hank Biasatti, 74, Italian–Canadian first baseman for the 1949 Philadelphia Athletics.
 * April 21 – Walker Cress, 79, pitcher who played for the Cincinnati Reds in 1948 and 1949; longtime scout.
 * April 22 – Bob Brady, 73, catcher who played in four total games for the 1946–1947 Boston Braves.
 * April 24 – Gary Geiger, 59, outfielder for the Cleveland Indians, Boston Red Sox, Atlanta Braves and Houston Astros in twelve seasons between 1958 and 1970.
 * April 25 – Tommy Irwin, 83, shortstop for the Cleveland Indians in 1938.
 * April 26 – Milt Gaston, 100, pitcher for five American League clubs in eleven seasons from 1924 through 1934, who had 18 Hall of Fame teammates and managers, more than any player in Major League Baseball history; brother of Alex Gaston.
 * April 28 – Johnny Bucha, 71, backup catcher for the St. Louis Cardinals and Detroit Tigers in part of three seasons spanning 1948–1953.
 * April 28 – Al Hollingsworth, 88, left-handed pitcher with the Cincinnati Reds, Philadelphia Phillies, Brooklyn Dodgers, Washington Senators, St. Louis Browns and the Chicago White Sox between 1935 and 1946; a member of the Browns' AL championship team that faced the Cardinals in the All-St. Louis 1944 World Series; had long post-playing career as coach and scout.

May

 * May  1 – Jim Gleeson, 84, outfielder for the Cleveland Indians, Chicago Cubs and Cincinnati Reds in five seasons between 1936 and 1942; later managed in the minor leagues, and coached and scouted for the Kansas City Athletics and New York Yankees.
 * May  2 – Pinky Jorgensen, 81, outfielder for the 1937 Cincinnati Reds.
 * May  3 – Alex Kellner, 71, left-handed pitcher who played for the Philadelphia/Kansas City Athletics, Cincinnati Redlegs and St. Louis Cardinals between 1948 and 1959; named to 1949 AL All-Star team; younger brother Walt was briefly a teammate with Philadelphia in 1952–1953.
 * May  4 – Gus Keriazakos, 64, pitcher who played for the Chicago White Sox, Washington Senators and Kansas City Athletics in a span of three seasons from 1950 to 1955.
 * May 10 – Joe Holden, 82, catcher who played from 1934 through 1936 for the Philadelphia Phillies.
 * May 19 – Johnny Berardino, 79, middle infielder and third baseman for the St. Louis Browns, Cleveland Indians and Pittsburgh Pirates in eleven seasons spanning 1939–1952, who later became a prolific actor, being best known for his role of Dr. Steve Hardy on the soap opera General Hospital.
 * May 26 – Don Bollweg, 75, first baseman and member of the 1953 World Series Champion New York Yankees, who also played with the St. Louis Cardinals and for the Philadelphia/Kansas City Athletics.
 * May 26 – Mike Sharperson, 34, versatile infield/outfield utility man mostly used at third base and second, who was selected for the 1992 All-Star Game and won World Series rings with the Los Angeles Dodgers in 1988 and for the Atlanta Braves in 1995.

June

 * June  2 – Gene Snyder, 65, left-handed pitcher in 11 games for the 1959 Los Angeles Dodgers.
 * June  7 – Buddy Blair, 85, third baseman for the Philadelphia Athletics during the 1942 season.
 * June  8 – C. Arnholt Smith, 97, California banker and the founding principal owner of the San Diego Padres of the National League from 1968 until he sold the team to Ray Kroc in 1974.
 * June 13 – Al Piechota, 82, pitcher who played from 1940 to 1941 for the Boston Bees and Braves.
 * June 16 – Mel Allen, 83, legendary broadcaster who spent over 35 years with the New York Yankees, still promoted as having been The Voice of the Yankees, while in his later years he gained a second professional life as the first host of the syndicated TV series This Week in Baseball.
 * June 26 – Buck Frierson, 78, outfielder for the 1941 Cleveland Indians.
 * June 30 – Jerry May, 52, catcher who played from 1964 through 1973 for the Pittsburgh Pirates, Kansas City Royals and New York Mets.

July

 * July  8 – Jim Baumer, 65, second baseman who played briefly with the Chicago White Sox in 1949 and Cincinnati Reds in 1961; later a scout and front-office executive, serving as general manager of the Milwaukee Brewers from 1975 to 1977.
 * July  8 – Jim Busby, 69, All-Star and speedy center fielder who played from 1950 through 1962 for the Chicago White Sox, Washington Senators, Cleveland Indians, Baltimore Orioles, Boston Red Sox and Houston Colt .45s; ranked among the top five in stolen bases four times and led the American League in putouts twice, while recording three of the top 20 single-season outfield putout totals in major league history; later a longtime coach for four MLB clubs, notably the Atlanta Braves.
 * July 14 – Hank Camelli, 81, backup catcher for the Pittsburgh Pirates and Boston Braves in part of three seasons from 1943 to 1947; spent 16 seasons in the minor leagues as a player and playing/manager.
 * July 19 – Dan Lewandowski, 68, pitcher who played for the 1951 St. Louis Cardinals.
 * July 21 – Walt Moryn, 70, corner outfielder who played from 1954 through 1961 for the Brooklyn Dodgers, Chicago Cubs, St. Louis Cardinals and Pittsburgh Pirates; member of the 1955 World Series Champion Dodgers; 1958 NL All-Star.
 * July 23 – Clara Cook, 75, All-American Girls Professional Baseball League pitcher, member of the 1944 Milwaukee Chicks champion team.
 * July 23 – Red Munger, 77, three time All-Star pitcher who played for the St. Louis Cardinals and Pittsburgh Pirates during ten seasons spanning 1943–1956; helped the Cardinals clinch two National League pennants and the 1946 World Series.
 * July 23 – Ed Wineapple, 90, pitcher for the 1929 Washington Senators.
 * July 29 – Bill Jackowski, 81, National League umpire (1952–1968) who officiated in 2,519 NL games, plus three World Series and three All-Star contests.
 * July 31 – Howie Goss, 61, center fielder who played in 222 total games with the Pittsburgh Pirates and Houston Colt .45s in 1962 and 1963.

August

 * August  4 – Willard Brown, 81, Hall of Fame Negro leagues outfielder, one of the greatest power hitters of his generation, who later became the first African American ballplayer to hit a home run in the American League, while playing for the St. Louis Browns in 1947.
 * August 13 – Ray Shore, 75, pitcher for the St. Louis Browns in a span of three seasons between 1946 and 1949, who later became one of the most respected scouts in baseball for the Cincinnati Reds and Philadelphia Phillies; combined duties of an advance scout analyzing upcoming opponents and as a special assignment scout who evaluated playing talent at the Major League level for potential acquisition in trades.
 * August 24 – Ethel Boyce, 79, Canadian ballplayer who performed in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League.
 * August 28 – Al Zarilla, 77, All-Star right fielder who played for the St. Louis Browns, Boston Red Sox and Chicago White Sox in all or part of ten seasons from 1943 to 1953, being also a member of the Browns team that won the 1944 American League pennant.
 * August 31 – Gil English, 87, third baseman who played for the New York Giants, Detroit Tigers, Boston Bees and Brooklyn Dodgers during six seasons spanning 1931–1944.

September

 * September  2 – Wes Livengood, 88, pitcher for the 1939 Cincinnati Reds and longtime scout.
 * September  4 – Babe Dahlgren, 84, All-Star and slick fielding first baseman who played for eight teams in a 12-year career from 1935 to 1946, best remembered for replacing Lou Gehrig in the New York Yankees lineup in 1939, ending his 14-year consecutive games streak at 2,130.
 * September  6 – Barney McCosky, 79, outfielder who posted a .312 average for four teams in an 11-season career, leading the American League with 200 hits and 19 triples while helping the Detroit Tigers to the 1940 pennant.
 * September  7 – Willy Miranda, 70, Cuban-born shortstop and slick fielder who played from 1951 through 1959 for the  Washington Senators, Chicago White Sox, St. Louis Browns and Baltimore Orioles.
 * September  9 – Harry Hanebrink, 68, backup second baseman and left fielder who played for the Milwaukee Braves and Philadelphia Phillies in four seasons spanning 1953–1959, also a member of the Braves team that lost the 1958 World Series to the New York Yankees in seven games.
 * September  9 – Johnny Pramesa, 71, catcher who played from 1949 to 1952 for the Chicago Cubs and Cincinnati Reds.
 * September 15 – Andy Pilney, 83, who made three appearances as a pinch hitter for the Boston Bees in 1936.
 * September 17 – Billy Bowers, 74, outfielder for the 1949 Chicago White Sox.
 * September 19 – Nanny Fernandez, 77, third baseman who played with the Boston Braves in 1942 and for the Pittsburgh Pirates from 1946 to 1947.
 * September 22 – Joanne Winter, 71, All-American Girls Professional Baseball League All-Star pitcher and later a master teacher of golf for 30 years.
 * September 24 – Red Embree, 79, pitcher for the Cleveland Indians, New York Yankees and St. Louis Browns in a span of eight seasons from 1941 to 1949.
 * September 27 – Bruce Konopka, 77, first baseman who played for the Philadelphia Athletics over part of three seasons from 1942 to 1946.
 * September 27 – Garland Lawing, 78, outfielder and pinch hitter who got into ten games for the Cincinnati Reds and New York Giants in 1946.

October

 * October  2 – Tom Hafey, 83, third baseman who played with the New York Giants in the 1939 season and for the St. Louis Browns in 1944.
 * October  2 – Les Tietje, 86, pitcher who played with the Chicago White Sox and St. Louis Browns in six seasons between 1933 and 1938.
 * October  4 – Joe Hoerner, 59, All-Star left handed reliever who played for seven teams in a span of 14 seasons from 1963 to 1977, most prominently for the 1967 World Series Champion St. Louis Cardinals.
 * October  5 – Joe Walsh, 79, backup infielder for the 1938 Boston Bees.
 * October 15 – Mike Balas, 86, pitcher who played for the Boston Bees in the 1938 season.
 * October 15 – Tom Ferrick, 81, relief pitcher who played for five clubs in a span of nine seasons from 1941 to 1952; member of the New York Yankees team that won the World Series championship in 1950; longtime pitching coach and scout.
 * October 17 – Bob Adams, 95, pitcher for the 1925 Boston Red Sox.
 * October 18 – Elmer Klumpp, 90, catcher who played with the Washington Senators in 1934 and for the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1937.
 * October 23 – Bob Grim, 66, All-Star pitcher who played for five teams in eight seasons from 1954 to 1962, the last American League rookie to win 20 games, after going 20–6 with a 3.26 ERA for the New York Yankees en route to winning the 1954 AL Rookie of the Year Award; also a member of the 1956 World Series champion Yankees, as well as earning a save after retiring the final out of the 1957 MLB All-Star Game, with the American League leading 6–5, and getting pinch-hitter Gil Hodges on a game-ending fly out to left field.
 * October 25 – Harry Shuman, 81, pitcher who played from 1942 through 1944 for the Pittsburgh Pirates and Philadelphia Phillies.
 * October 28 – Joe Samuels, 91, pitcher for the 1930 Detroit Tigers.
 * October 29 – Ewell Blackwell, 74, six-time All-Star with the Cincinnati Reds and the starting pitcher for the National League in the 1947 MLB All-Star Game; that season, he posted a 22–8 record with a National League-high 193 strikeouts and 2.47 ERA, won 16 consecutive games and threw a no-hitter against the Boston Braves on June 18 — coming within two outs of throwing consecutive no-hitters to match Johnny Vander Meer's 1938 feat of back-to-back no-no's.
 * October 30 – Bob Thorpe, 69, right fielder who played with the Boston Braves in 1951 and for the Milwaukee Braves from 1952 to 1953.

November

 * November  7 – Eddie Lukon, 76, outfielder who played for the Cincinnati Reds during four seasons between 1941 and 1947.
 * November 11 – Luman Harris, 81, pitcher for the Philadelphia Athletics and Washington Senators in all or part of six seasons spanning 1941–1947; coached for the Chicago White Sox, Baltimore Orioles and Houston Colt .45s (1951–1964); interim manager of Orioles from September 1, 1961 to the end of season, then skipper of Colt .45s/Astros (September 19, 1964, through 1965) and Atlanta Braves (1968 through August 6, 1972); in 1969, led Braves to the postseason for the first time in club's Atlanta history.
 * November 13 – Roger McCardell, 64. catcher for the 1959 San Francisco Giants.
 * November 14 – Jim Baxes, 68, third baseman who spent the 1959 season with the Los Angeles Dodgers and the Cleveland Indians.
 * November 16 – Joe Gonzales, 81, pitcher for the 1937 Boston Red Sox.
 * November 16 – Charlie Neal, 65, three-time All-Star and Gold Glove Award winner at second base, who appeared in 970 career games with the Brooklyn/Los Angeles Dodgers, New York Mets and Cincinnati Reds from 1956 through 1963; hit .370 for the Dodgers in their 1959 World Series victory over the Chicago White Sox, and drove in the first Met run in their inaugural season of 1962.
 * November 18 – John Michaels, 89, pitcher for the Boston Red Sox in the 1932 season.
 * November 20 – Bill Sayles, 79, pitcher who played with the Boston Red Sox in the 1939 season, and for the New York Giants and Brooklyn Dodgers in 1943.
 * November 21 – Earl Cook, 87, Canadian pitcher who played for the 1941 Detroit Tigers.
 * November 24 – Loren Bain, 74, pitcher for the 1945 New York Giants.
 * November 30 – Ted Petoskey, 85, three-sport All-American athlete and coach at the University of Michigan, who also played in the majors as an outfielder for the Cincinnati Reds from 1934 to 1935.

December

 * December  2 – Bill Crowley, 77, broadcaster who was part of the New York Yankees' (1950–1951) and Boston Red Sox' (1957–1960) announcing teams, then worked as Bosox' public relations director from 1961 to 1981.
 * December  3 – John Bateman, 56, catcher for the Houston Colt .45s/Astros, Montreal Expos and Philadelphia Phillies from 1963 to 1972; as a rookie in 1963, caught the first no-hitter in Houston franchise history, a 4–1 gem by Don Nottebart over the Phillies.
 * December  5 – Cliff Mapes, 74, outfielder who played from 1948 through 1952 for the New York Yankees, St. Louis Browns and Detroit Tigers, while winning World Series rings with the Yankees in  and.
 * December  9 – Dottie Schroeder, 68, amazing shortstop, and the only girl to play in the All-American Girls Professional Baseball League for its twelve full seasons.
 * December 12 – George Jumonville, 79, shortstop for the Philadelphia Phillies from 1940 to 1941.
 * December 22 – Fred Green, 63, southpaw pitcher who hurled in 88 games for the Pittsburgh Pirates and Washington Senators (1959–1962 and 1964); member of the 1960 Pirates World Series champions; father of Gary Green.
 * December 27 – Gene Brabender, 55, pitcher who played from 1966 through 1970 for the Baltimore Orioles and Seattle Pilots/Milwaukee Brewers, winning a World Series with the 1966 Orioles; earned 13 victories for the 1969 Pilots in their inaugural and only season.
 * December 31 – Sam Narron, 83, catcher for the St. Louis Cardinals over part of three seasons spanning 1935–1943, including the 1942 World Series champions; longtime coach (1951–1964) with Pittsburgh Pirates (including the 1960 World Series champs); uncle of Jerry and Johnny Narron, and grandfather of pitcher Sam Narron.

title: 1996 in baseball


text:
Talk:Routed protocols

what is it?

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Routed protocols


text:
User talk:Napoleon12

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia!

Just a few quick tips:
 * Our Tutorial explains how to edit; you can experiment in the test area.
 * We have help pages, and if they don't help (can happen :-), post a question at the Help Desk.
 * Remember that we strive to have unbiased articles.
 * Eventually, you might want to read our Manual of Style and Policies and Guidelines.
 * Use the "Preview" button below the edit box! It helps you catch layout, format, and spelling errors before saving.
 * To sign your messages (to talk pages, for instance—like I do below), add four tildes (~~~~) to your posts. The software will replace them by your signature and a time stamp when you save the page.

Anyway, have fun improving this encyclopedia! Lupo 11:26, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Hello. Please do not enter copyrighted sources (images or texts) into Wikipedia! Any such copyright violations will be removed, and continued uploading of copyrighted content that cannot be re-licensed under the terms of the GFDL will get you blocked from editing on Wikipedia. Thank you. Lupo 11:26, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC) (And clipping out the "www.pakdef.info" wasn't exactly right, either.)

Image:65war paatkhemkaran.jpg
Lupo 11:26, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

All the other images from that source have been listed as possible copyright violations at Copyright problems. Image:SEAKING02.jpg has been listed on Possibly unfree images, too. Lupo 20:12, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

On getting permission
You wrote: ''How do I get copyright approval? Can you show me how?''.

Well, ask them by e-mail whether they would agree to license their images under a non-restrictive license such as the GFDL. If they respond favourably, post the whole e-mail including the full headers (you may strip the e-mail addresses of the sender and receiver) on the image description page. Better yet, if they agree to let you use their images under the GFDL, try to get them to put a statement to that effect on their site, right next to the pictures. Something like "This image is © by ... Released under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL)" will do fine. If they do that, you don't even have to post their e-mail on the image description pages.

In all cases, always give the source of an image (the URL you got it from, if copied from some website).

Note that asking PakDef probably is useless - they state explicitly that these images are copyrighted by someone else: ISPR, or PN, or PAF,... you'd have to ask them.

Another thing would be to find us an authoritative English copy of the Pakistani copyright law, if such a thing exists. How long are photographs copyrighted under Pakistani law? If the copyright has expired, the images would have entered the public domain, in which case we could use them. But that is only a possibility if copyright protection was really short. The Indo-Pak war, for instance, was just 40 years ago...

I know it may be frustrating not to be able to use these images on Wikipedia, but we cannot allow copyright violations. I hope that helps. Lupo 20:02, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Some afterthoughts: they really must allow use of the images without restrictions. Something like "use on Wikipedia only", or "only for non-commercial use" is not good enough. See the message on the "Upload" page. (Yes, read that message, please.) Lupo 20:09, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Image tagging for Image:Rahim Shah.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Rahim Shah.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

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 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 04:07, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

Pashtun people
Salaam Napoleon12. Thanks for your contributions. In regards to your edits about Dilip Kumar: He is both a Bollywood actor and a member of the Indian Parliament. In his appointment in the Rajya Sabha, Dilip Kumar has been active in efforts to bring the people of India and Pakistan closer together and has even received the Nishan-e-Imtiaz by the Government of Pakistan. Both of these are highly regarded accomplishments and thus, his being in Rajya Sabha should be retained in the article. The Hindi script should also be kept in the introduction because a total of 11,703,000 Pathans exist in India, 776,000 being Pashto speakers. In addition, the word Pathan has origins in the Hindustani language (written in both Perso-Arabic and Devanagari), the progenitor of both Urdu and Hindi. In light of these facts, please consider reverting your changes. Your actions will be very much appreicated. Thanks for your understanding. With regards, AnupamTalk 22:11, 17 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Unfortunately, the Government of India does not keep track of ethnic groups in their census. Using other reliable sources is the only option. As a native speaker of Urdu and a major contributor of the Urdu article, I do understand the difference between Hindi and Urdu. It is important to note that Hindi and Urdu evolved together, as Hindustani. Please read this article: About Hindi-Urdu written by Afroz Taj and given by the NC State University. Regarding Dilip Kumar, many sources mention both accomplishments. For example, see here, here, and here. Mentioning both of the facts and scripts does not debilitate the quality of the article but improves it. Thanks, AnupamTalk 22:43, 17 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Assalamalaikum Napoleon12. Thanks for your reply. The source used on the Pashtun people article currently lists the population of Indian Pathans as such and should be honored. Unless you find another reputable source that lists the population as otherwise, my argument is legitimate. Having studied the history of Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu), I am aware of the relationship between the languages. Since the word Pathan has origins in the older Hindustani, both scripts deserve their place on the article. Based on the biographies of Dilip Kumar, being a member of the Rajya Sabha is a major accomplishment (not an ordinary hobby) and should thus be mentioned in the article. Your mentioning of Peshawar in the description of the picture is redundant since it is already mentioned in the paragraph. Thanks for your understanding. Khuda hafiz, AnupamTalk 23:12, 17 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks for your valuable comments. According to the source, Hindi and other Indo-Aryan languages are still spoken by a number of Indian Pathans. In addition, according to the Encyclopaedia of Islam the word Pathan is from the Sanskrit word Pratisthana. It is important to give the script the word originiated from. In the book The Pathans by Sir Olaf Caroe, Pathan is also given as a word from Indian origin. Keeping both scripts is the neutral and best solution and acknowledges both of our arguments. Regarding Dilip Kumar, only part of his occupation is mentioned. I will agree to keep your mention of Peshawar in the description of the picture, if you acknowlege my edits. It is my hope we can reach a consensus here based on the sources I have sited and our discussion. Bahut bahut shukria, AnupamTalk 23:37, 17 December 2006 (UTC)

Image tagging for Image:Shahid_Afridi2.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Shahid_Afridi2.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

For more information on using images, see the following pages:
 * Image use policy
 * Image copyright tags

This is an automated notice by OrphanBot. For assistance on the image use policy, see Media copyright questions. 10:13, 19 December 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Shahid Afridi2.jpg
Thank you for uploading Image:Shahid Afridi2.jpg. However, Wikipedia takes copyright very seriously. It may be deleted soon, unless we can determine the license and the source of the image. If you know this information, then you can add a copyright tag to the image description page.

If you have any questions, please feel free to ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thanks again for your cooperation. MECU ≈ talk 21:14, 28 December 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Rahim Shah.jpg
Thank you for uploading Image:Rahim Shah.jpg. However, it currently is missing information on its copyright status. Wikipedia takes copyright very seriously. It may be deleted soon, unless we can determine the license and the source of the image. If you know this information, then you can add a copyright tag to the image description page.

If you have any questions, please feel free to ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thanks again for your cooperation. Jkelly 06:51, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Napoleon12


text:
Sai Wan

Sai Wan, also known as Western district, or simply Western, is an area in Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong that corresponds to Sai Ying Pun, Shek Tong Tsui, Belcher Bay and Kennedy Town. It formed part of the City of Victoria. West Point, a former cape where major government structures in Sai Wan are close to, also used to refer to Sai Wan.

After Hong Kong's handover to People's Republic of China, Sai Wan become the location for the Liaison Office of the Central People's Government in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and people in Hong Kong, including the former head of the Liaison Office Zhang Xiaoming, colloquially refer the name Sai Wan as the Liaison office itself.

History of Sai Ying Pun
In the early 1800s, Sai Ying Pun was known as a place to settle the Chinese immigrants. It was built from the west of Tai Ping Shan. Europeans were also assigned to live in the same area. However, they were separated at the High Street where Chinese were excluded from living.

In 1880, sewerage was installed into the area, with the main flow coming down Centre Street. Streets were covered with macadam and concreted at the same time.

In 1890s, a severe epidemic outbreak of the bubonic plague afflicted Sai Ying Pun residents. Sheung Fung Lane residents were almost wiped out during the period. Government Reports identified this area as the no. IX health district and went into great detail about the buildings where the disease occurred. The neighboring area, Tai Ping Shan, was the most infected place in the city. It was resumed, abandoned and demolished to improve hygiene.

History of Shek Tong Tsui
The name of Shek Tong Tsui derived from a famous ancient stone pond, "Shek Tong" (石塘) in Cantonese, inside the area. The stone pond was located at modern-day Hill Road and The Belcher's, and was mined by the Hakka people since the 17th century.

In 1903, the first land reclamation of Shek Tong Tsui was finished. In the meantime, the largest brothels in the city, which were located at the Possession Street, were destroyed by a big fire. Consequently, Hong Kong Governor Matthew Nathan decided to move all Hong Kong Island's brothels to Shek Tong Tsui in the early 1900s due to the large area recently claimed from the land reclamation. The place was then being well flourished as a red light district and came to its golden period. Numerous Cantonese opera theaters and restaurants were founded because of the business of brothels. It was the best place to entertain the affluent Chinese in Hong Kong.

Queen's Road was the first road built in Hong Kong, constructed by the British from 1841 to 1843. It connected the Victoria City from Shek Tong Tsui to Wan Chai.

Brothels in this area had also inspired numerous novels and Hong Kong films, most notably Rouge (1987), starring Anita Mui and Leslie Cheung.

History of Belcher Bay
Belcher Bay was named after Edward Belcher who landed on Possession Point at the north shore of Hong Kong Island and made the first British survey of Hong Kong Harbour on 25 January 1841.

Belcher Bay, Gin Drinkers Bay and Tseung Kwan O were known as the 'Bay of Trash' in Hong Kong.

Belcher's Street is the main street in Kennedy Town of Hong Kong. It connects Victoria Road and Queen's Road West. A small section in its west end built a turn around for Hong Kong Tramway.

It is currently used as a site for ships to load and unload goods.

History of Kennedy Town
Kennedy Town was the western section of the historical Victoria City. It was named after the governor Arthur Edward Kennedy who initiated land reclamation along the coast of this area in 1886. It formed a narrow coastal strip of land that included the Kennedy Praya and the coastal area from Beach Street via Collinson Street to Shek Tong Tsui.

In 1903, the Hong Kong Government erected seven boundary stones for the city, inscribed "City Boundary 1903". One of them is located at the Kennedy Town Temporary Recreation Ground at Sai Ning Street (西寧街).

From 1933 to 1939, more land was reclaimed along the coast of Kennedy Town, yet the construction was suspended due to the Battle of Hong Kong in 1941. Another land reclamation was conducted recently at the end of the 20th century.

Historical Buildings, Landmarks

 * Lo Pan Temple, a Grade I historic building
 * Elliot Pumping Station & Filters Senior Staff Quarters, [8] No. 77 Pok Fu Lam Road, a Grade II historic building
 * Elliot Pumping Station & Filters Workmen's Quarters, a Grade III historic building
 * Elliot Pumping Station & Filters, Treatment Works Building, a Grade III historic building
 * Ex-Western Fire Station, No. 12 Belcher's Street, a Grade III historic building. Converted into the Po Leung Kuk Chan Au Big Yan Home for the Elderly
 * Sai Ying Pun Community Complex
 * University of Hong Kong
 * China Merchants Group The Westpoint
 * Sai Wan Harbour
 * Ching Lin Terrace
 * Kwun Lung Lau

title: Sai Wan


text:
West Point, Hong Kong

West Point was a point of land on Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong, south of Sulphur Channel. Its location is the shore off Pok Fu Lam Road and Queen's Road West in 1845, approximately the junction of Western Street and Des Voeux Road West near Western Police Station. This was the northernmost point on the western half of Hong Kong Island.

The Hong Kong Government divided Victoria City into four wan (環), or districts. While West Point falls into Sai Wan, or Western District, major government structures like the police station and court (Western Magistracy) are located near West Point. Thus the name of Sai Wan, Western District, Western and West Point were sometimes used interchangeably.

St. Stephen's Anglican Church located in West Point was founded by the Church Missionary Society (Church Mission Society) (CMS) in 1865. It was led by Vicar Tsing-Shan Fok 霍靜山 (1851–1918), one of the earliest Chinese clergymen in Hong Kong, beginning in 1904.

title: West Point, Hong Kong


text: File:Plowing the Dark, by Richard Powers (book cover).jpg


text:
File:SalamandastronUS.jpg

hello==Summary== Cover art for Salamandastron by Brian Jacques.

Rationale of fair use for Salamandastron

 * 1) No free or public domain images have been located for this novel.
 * 2) The image is of lower resolution than the original cover.
 * 3) The image does not limit the copyright owners' rights to distribute the novel in any way.
 * 4) For an article about a novel, the cover artwork is often a crucial source of critical commentary about the novel, and as such the artwork adds significantly to the article.
 * 5) This image is used on various websites, so its use on Wikipedia does not make it significantly more accessible than it already is.
 * 6) The cover is being used for informational purposes only.

title: File:SalamandastronUS.jpg


text:
User:Ru.spider

When I have time and feel like it, I contribute to Wikipedia (mostly the Russian one, others eventually and anonymously), writing mostly about blues, mathematics, history, programming, linguistics and religion. From time to time I wikify or extend existing articles as well. I am also quite active in Wikipedia Commons, always seeking and uploading public domain images or making new ones with LaTeX.

Important dates:
 * 29 June 2004 — registered in Wiki, wrote some 20 articles the same day.
 * 4 July 2004 — 100 non-minor edits.
 * 1 June 2005 — met lots of wikipedians in person, including Jimmy Wales, whom I told about the Murphy-Ellywa law, which he surprisingly did not know.
 * 1 June 2005 — registered in Commons.
 * 9 June 2005 — registered in English Wiki (I did contribute to it anonymously before)
 * 29 June 2005 — one year in Wikipedia. Not that much done: 535 edits (102 minor ones). This one did not count ;)
 * 29 June 2007 — three years in Wikipedia, 2432 edits. I decided to permanently leave the project in favour of various Wikia wikis because of massive amount of deletions among the Wikipedia articles I've been most interested in.

& nl:Gebruiker:Spider

title: User:Ru.spider


text:
User:Demi/wikicontribs

The following script can be used to summarize an editor's contributions to Wikipedia, for example mine as of 2005-10-18 (the small numbers in parentheses are edit summaries):

Note that the script is slow because of the X(HT)ML parsing going on. Also, as written the script will usually time out when requesting the URL from mediawiki. The fix is to paste that URL into wget or something and then run wikicontribs on the resulting file.

The maximum number of contributions mediawiki will serve up per page is 5000, so you may need to download several contribution pages (adjusting the URL each time) by hand and run them all through this script (e.g. wikicontribs file1 file2 file3...).

require 'rexml/document' require 'open-uri' require 'tempfile' require 'getoptlong' $NAMESPACES = [ 'Media', 'Special', 'Talk', 'User', 'User talk', 'Wikipedia', 'Wikipedia talk', 'Image', 'Image talk', 'MediaWiki', 'MediaWiki talk', 'Template', 'Template talk', 'Help', 'Help talk', 'Category', 'Category talk' ] class Contrib attr_reader :namespace, :title, :editsummary def initialize(li) begin a, = li.get_elements('a[last]') title = a.attributes['title'] if m = title.match(/^([\s\w]+)\:(.*)$/) ns = m[1] if ns == "Talk" @namespace = "Main talk" @title = m[2] elsif $NAMESPACES.include? ns               @namespace = ns                @title = m[2] else @namespace = 'Main' @title = title end else @namespace = 'Main' @title = title end rescue NoMethodError @namespace = 'Nil' @title = 'nil' end # Does it have an edit summary? em = li.get_elements("span[@class='comment']") if ! em.empty? @editsummary = true else @editsummary = false end end end $opt = { 'limit' => 5000, 'url' => 'http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php', 'page' => 'Special:Contributions', 'output' => 'plain' } begin GetoptLong::new(      ['--limit',    GetoptLong::REQUIRED_ARGUMENT],       ['--url',      GetoptLong::REQUIRED_ARGUMENT],       ['--page',     GetoptLong::REQUIRED_ARGUMENT],       ['--output',   GetoptLong::REQUIRED_ARGUMENT],       ['--user',     GetoptLong::REQUIRED_ARGUMENT]    ).each { |k, v| $opt[k.sub(/^--/,'')] = v } rescue GetoptLong::InvalidOption true end contributions = { } ct = 0 summaries = 0 if $opt.key? 'user' ARGV.unshift($opt['url'] + '?title=' + $opt['page'] +      '&target=' + $opt['user'] + '&namespace=' + '&offset=0' +       '&limit=' + $opt['limit'].to_s) end ARGV.each { |file| puts "Scanning %s" % file open(file) { |fh| fh = fh.open if fh.class == Tempfile begin doc = REXML::Document::new(fh) rescue REXML::ParseException => parserr puts parserr end ul, = doc.get_elements("//div[@id='bodyContent']//ul") ul.each_element('li') { |li| ct += 1 contrib = Contrib::new(li) unless contributions.key? contrib.namespace contributions[contrib.namespace] = { 'count' => 0, 'summaries' => 0 } end contributions[contrib.namespace]['count'] += 1 if contrib.editsummary summaries += 1 contributions[contrib.namespace]['summaries'] += 1 end }   } } talkct = 0 talksummaries = 0 contributions.keys.each { |k| talkns = k + ' talk' if contributions.key? talkns talkct += contributions[k]['talk'] = contributions[talkns]['count'] talksummaries += contributions[k]['talksummaries'] = contributions[talkns]['summaries'] contributions.delete(talkns) end } sortarr = contributions.sort { |a, b| b[1]['count'] <=> a[1]['count'] } artct = 0 artsummaries = 0 if $opt['output'] == 'plain' sortarr.each { |p| k, v = p      if v.key? 'talk' puts "%s: %i (%i) / %i (%i); %i (%i)" % [k, v['count'], v['summaries'], v['talk'], v['talksummaries'], v['count'] + v['talk'], v['summaries'] + v['talksummaries']] else puts "%s: %i (%i)" % [k, v['count'], v['summaries']] end artct += v['count'] artsummaries += v['summaries'] }   puts "Total: %i (%i); %i (%i)" % [artct, artsummaries, talkct, talksummaries, ct, summaries] elsif $opt['output'] == 'wikitable' puts '{| cellpadding="0" style="border-top: 2px solid; border-bottom: 2px solid; font-size: 90%"', '| style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; background: #eee; border-bottom: 1px solid" | Namespace', '| style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; background: #eee; border-bottom: 1px solid" | Article', '| style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; background: #eee; border-bottom: 1px solid" | Talk', '| style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; background: #eee; border-bottom: 1px solid" | Total' cell = '| style="text-align: right" | %i (%i) ' sortarr.each { |p| k, v = p      puts "|-" if v.key? 'talk' puts "|#{k}", cell % [v['count'], v['summaries']], cell % [v['talk'], v['talksummaries']], cell % [v['count'] + v['talk'], v['summaries'] + v['talksummaries']], '|-'      else puts "|#{k}", cell % [v['count'], v['summaries']], '|',            cell % [v['count'], v['summaries']] '|-'      end artct += v['count'] artsummaries += v['summaries'] }   puts "|-", "|Total", cell % [artct, artsummaries], cell % [talkct, talksummaries], cell % [ct, summaries], "|}" end
 * 1) !/usr/bin/ruby

title: User:Demi/wikicontribs


text:
User:Jawr256/Stuff/Settings

Settings of Doctor Who episodes/serials that I have seen

 * First Doctor
 * Season 2
 * The Dalek Invasion of Earth — London and Bedfordshire, 2160s or '70s.
 * Third Doctor
 * Season 10
 * Carnival of Monsters — Inter Minor and inside the Scope, unknown time.
 * Fourth Doctor
 * Season 13
 * Pyramids of Mars — The Old Priory and the Pyramid of Mars, 1911.
 * Sixth Doctor
 * Season 22
 * Vengeance on Varos — The Punishment Dome, Varos, Between 2285 and 2320
 * Seventh Doctor
 * Season 26
 * Ghost Light — Gabriel Chase, Perivale, 1883
 * Ninth Doctor
 * Series 1
 * Rose — London, March 2005
 * The End of the World — Platform One, 5,000,000,000
 * The Unquiet Dead — Cardiff, December 1869
 * Aliens of London/World War Three — London, March/April 2006
 * Dalek — Utah, 2012
 * The Long Game — Satellite 5, 200,000
 * Father's Day — London, 1987
 * The Empty Child/The Doctor Dances — London, 1941
 * Boom Town — Cardiff, Autumn 2006
 * Bad Wolf/The Parting of the Ways

title: User:Jawr256/Stuff/Settings


text:
Portal:Poland/Selected anniversaries

Today is Monday, July 29, 2024; it is now (UTC) -

authors: ಮಲ್ನಾಡಾಚ್ ಕೊಂಕ್ಣೊ

title: Portal:Poland/Selected anniversaries


text:
User:Linuxbeak/Admin stuff

Seeing that I'm a new administrator, I suppose I should lay my cards out on the table so people will understand my actions. Please note that this is not by any means meant to be a full rubric or critera.

Blocking policy
I will give out variable length blocks for variable situations.

What I will NOT block for

 * General incivility. That is what Requests for comment is for.
 * If I don't "like" you. Really, that's just abuse of powers, and I would like people to trust me. I try to get along with everyone, even those that may think that I do not like. Just because we share opposing viewpoints doesn't mean that that gives me the right to block you. Therefore, please feel free to talk openly to me and don't be afraid of hurting my feelings or saying something that you may feel I won't like. I won't bite ;-)

24-hour block

 * Anonymous vandal
 * Has no other record of Wikipedia activity
 * Vandalisms are of a "stupid" nature (i.e. childish, such as writing "YOUR MOM" on an article)
 * Has been warned at least twice on talk page

48-hour block

 * Anonymous vandal
 * Has slight record of Wikipedia activity ("activity" meaning history of previous vandalisms)
 * Vandalisms are of a slightly higher degree that require some thought and planning (i.e. "cute", such as redirecting George W. Bush to Mental retardation)
 * Has been warned at least twice on talk page.

72-hour block

 * Anonymous vandal
 * Has longer-than-normal record of Wikipedia activity (see above)
 * Vandalisms are of a considerably higher degree that are clearly intended to be taken as truth (such as adding "facts" that are in fact false), or are clearly intended to be hidden and deceptive to readers, editors, administrators, and RC patrol volunteers (such as making a "genuine" edit, but slip in a wikilink that is obvious vandalism

Indefinite block

 * Anonymous vandal
 * Has an alarmingly long history of Wikipedia activity
 * Vandalisms are persistant, hateful, and show obvious lack of purpose besides being a vandal
 * Has been either warned at least five times on talk page or blocked at least twice

When I will take immediate action

 * Userpage vandalism, especially when the userpage in question belongs to a party that's connected to an edit war, etc. I have also discovered that when you give fair warning on a vandal's talk page, they seem to think that vandalising your user page will somehow improve their chances of not being blocked for 48 hours. Oh, ye of little brain.

More shall be written once I've got the time.

Point system
I am considering deploying a "point system", based loosely on the system of demerits. Basically, this means certain violations get a certain amount of demerit points. Here are some examples (note: this is all based upon a 100-point base)

 * Simple vandalism -- 20 points
 * Racist -- Add 15 points
 * Directed towards another user -- Add 15 points
 * Directed towards or attacking homosexuals -- Add 15 points
 * Vandalism of a user page -- 60 points
 * Vandalism of a user page of an incident-related party -- Add 75 points
 * Covert vandalism -- 35 points
 * Changing dates -- Add 15 points
 * Changing facts -- Add 30 points
 * Death threats -- 100 points
 * Two or more death threats -- Referral to Administrator's Noticeboard/ArbCom (add infinite points)
 * Uploading of copyright-protected files (chiefly images) with the intent of using Wikipedia as a file server -- 15 points
 * Continuation of such after adequate warning -- add 50 points

More to come.

Problem users
User:Linuxbeak/Admin stuff/MARMOT

title: User:Linuxbeak/Admin stuff


text:
File:MartinTheWarriorUK.jpg

Summary
Cover art for Martin the Warrior by Brian Jacques.

Rationale of fair use for Martin the Warrior

 * 1) No free or public domain images have been located for this novel.
 * 2) The image is of lower resolution than the original cover.
 * 3) The image does not limit the copyright owners' rights to distribute the novel in any way.
 * 4) For an article about a novel, the cover artwork is often a crucial source of critical commentary about the novel, and as such the artwork adds significantly to the article.
 * 5) This image is used on various websites, so its use on Wikipedia does not make it significantly more accessible than it already is.
 * 6) The cover is being used for informational purposes only.

title: File:MartinTheWarriorUK.jpg


text:
Everything but Arms

Everything but Arms (EBA) is an initiative of the European Union under which all imports to the EU from the least developed countries are duty-free and quota-free, with the exception of armaments. EBA entered into force on 5 March 2001. There were transitional arrangements for bananas, sugar and rice until January 2006, July 2009 and September 2009 respectively. The EBA is part of the EU Generalized System of Preferences (GSP). The up-to-date list of all countries benefiting from such preferential treatment is given in Annex IV of the consolidated text of Regulation (EU) 978/2012.

The aim of the scheme is to encourage the development of the world's poorest countries.

Samoa, having graduated from LDC status in 2014 (becoming instead a developing country), was removed from the list of EBA beneficiaries on 1 January 2019.

On January 16, 2019, the European Commission decided to re-introduce import duties on rice from Cambodia and Myanmar. This was done because imports of Indica rice from both countries combined had increased by 89% in the five previous rice-growing seasons. At the same time, the prices were substantially lower than those on the EU market and had actually decreased over the same period. This surge in low-price imports has caused serious difficulties for EU rice producers to the extent that their market share in the EU dropped substantially from 61% to 29%.

Cambodia lost its EBA status in 2020 over human rights concerns.

History
GATT decision IV.D.3, dating back to 28 November 1979, provided the basis for more favourable treatments of least developed countries. The first proposal of an EBA agreement started on 20 September 2000: the European Commission proposed introducing "duty-free, quota-free access for all products from all least developed countries into the EU". The preferential treatment promotes least developed countries (LDC) that, among other things, respect international conventions on human rights; the tariff preferences granted to Cambodia were recently suspended on some products because of "serious and systematic violations of the human rights principles enshrined in the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights".

title: Everything but Arms


text:
Quoits

Quoits ( or ) is a traditional game which involves the throwing of metal, rope or rubber rings over a set distance, usually to land over or near a spike (sometimes called a hob, mott or pin). The game of quoits encompasses several distinct variations.

History
Quoits is supposedly the game the ancient Greek deity Apollo was playing with his lover Hyacinth which ultimately resulted in his death. In Apollonius of Rhodes' Argonautica, Thetis sees Jason and the other heroes "delighting in mass throwing (σόλῳ ῥιπῇσί) and arrows." The Greek word "σόλος" usually refers to a mass of iron used for throwing. It is often translated as "quoit."

From coyte: "flat stone thrown in a game". Probably from Old French coite: "flat stone". Possible derivation of coilte: "cushion".

It is not until the 19th century that the game is documented in any detailed way. The official rules first appeared in the April 1881 edition of The Field, having been defined by a body formed from pubs in Northern England.

A July 13, 1836, advertisement in the National Intelligencer (Washington, D.C.) touted facilities for "the manly and healthy amusements of quoits, ten-pin, fives, &c." on the premises of a "Coffee House" in Berkeley Springs, Virginia (now West Virginia).

Traditional quoits
A game played with metal discs, traditionally made of steel, and thrown across a set distance at a metal spike (called a pin, hob or mott). The spike is centrally, and vertically, positioned in a square of moist clay measuring three feet across.

The northern game
This version uses the 15 rules published in The Field in 1881 and has remained largely unchanged since that time. Played under the auspices of The National Quoits Association, formed in 1986.

In this game, the pins are 11 yd apart, with their tops protruding 3-4 in above the clay. Quoits measure about 5+1/2 in in diameter and weigh around 5+1/2 lb.

The long game
Sometimes called the old game, this version is played in Wales and Scotland; Scotland had around a dozen clubs, now reduced to one which is based in Stonehaven, under the control of the Scottish Quoiting Association, whilst Wales has only a few clubs, most of them in Dyfed and Powys.

In this game, the top of the spike is flush with the clay, so encircling the pin is not a significant part of the game. The long game has similarities to the game of bowls, in that a player scores a point for each quoit nearer to the pin than his opponent. The hobs are 18 yd apart, while the quoits are typically around 9 in in diameter and weigh up to 11 lb, almost double that of the northern game.

East Anglian quoits
An English version of the long game, played using quoits of reduced size and weight. As with the long game, the hobs are 18 yards apart, but their tops are raised above the level of the clay. Quoits that land cleanly over the hob score two points, regardless of the opponent's efforts, and are removed immediately, prior to the next throw. Quoits which land on their backs, or inclined in a backwards direction, are also removed immediately.

In the games played around South Suffolk, Stoke by Nayland (The Black Horse) the inclined beds of clay had a hidden pin, which had a piece of white paper inserted over it. Quoits that hit the pin were called ‘ringers’ after the noise made by metal hitting metal.

United States
Traditional American 4lb quoits. The standard for American Quoits is governed by the United States Quoiting Association. The USQA was created in April 2003.

The USQA unified a specific standard for the 4 Lb quoit. Each regulation set of USQA Quoits includes 4 foundry-cast steel quoits in perfect proportion to the historical Traditional American Quoit. Each quoit weighs 4 lb and is approximately 6+1/2 in in diameter, has a 3 in hole, and stands 1 in high.

Since 2003 the USQA has conducted annual tournaments culminating in a World Championship in both singles and doubles as well as a season ending points champion.

Mexican Americans play this game in the U.S. southwest and call it wacha.

Indoor or table quoits
Exclusively a pub game, this variant is predominantly played in mid and south Wales and in England along its border with Wales.

Matches are played by two teams (usually the host pub versus another pub) and typically consist of four games of singles, followed by three games of doubles. Players take it in turns to pitch four rubber rings across a distance of around 8½ feet onto a raised quoits board. The board consists of a central pin or spike and two recessed sections: an inner circular section called the dish and a circular outer section.

Five points are awarded for a quoit landing cleanly over the pin, two points for a quoit landing cleanly in the dish, and one point for a quoit landing cleanly on the outer circular section of the board. The scoreboard consists of numbers running from 1 to 10, 11 or 12, and the object of the game is to score each of these numbers separately using four or fewer quoits, the first side to achieve this being the winner.

Deck quoits
Deck quoits is a variant which is popular on cruise ships. The quoits are invariably made of rope, so as to avoid damaging the ship's deck, but there are no universally agreed standards or rules - partly because of the game's informal nature and partly because the game has to adapt to the shape and area of each particular ship it is played upon.

Players take it in turn to throw three or four hoops at a target which usually, though not always, consists of concentric circles marked on the deck. The centre point is called the jack. Occasionally this may take the form of a raised wooden peg, but more usually it is marked on the surface in the same way that the concentric circles are.

Slate-board quoits
This is a popular outdoor variation played principally in and around Pennsylvania, USA (specifically the "Slate Belt" which is in the Lehigh Valley). This game uses two 1 lb rubber quoits per player, which are pitched at a short metal pin mounted on a heavy 24x24x1 in slab of slate. The common pronunciation of quoits in the Slate Belt region is (qwaits).

Players take turns throwing a quoit at the pin. The quoit nearest the pin gets one point. If one player has two quoits nearer the pin than either of his opponent's quoits, he gets two points. A quoit that encircles the pin (called a ringer) gets three points. If all four quoits are ringers, the player who threw the last ringer gets three points only; otherwise, the first player to make 21 points wins the game. For two or four players.

Garden quoits and hoopla
This version of the game exists largely as a form of recreation, or as a game of skill found typically at fairgrounds and village fetes.

There are no leagues or universally accepted standards of play and players normally agree upon the rules before play commences.

Garden quoit and hoopla sets can be purchased in shops and usually involve players taking it in turns to throw rope or wooden hoops over one or more spikes.

The fairground version typically involves a person paying the stallholder for the opportunity to throw one or more wooden hoops over a prize, which if done successfully, they can keep. Generally speaking, the odds of winning are normally heavily weighted in favour of the stallholder unless the cost of play is higher than the value of the prize.

United Kingdom

 * Allen Valley Quoits League, Northumberland.
 * Danby Invitation Quoits League, North Yorkshire.
 * Lower Dales Quoits League, North Yorkshire.
 * North Yorkshire Moors League, North Yorkshire.
 * Montgomeryshire County Quoits League, Montgomeryshire.
 * Mount Wagstaff (Essex) Quoits Team.
 * Bures,(Suffolk) Quoits Team.

United States

 * United States Quoiting Association (USQA)
 * Mercer County Church Steel Quoit League, New Jersey.
 * Pottstown German Club 3lb League, Pottstown Pa
 * Slate Belt Men's Quoit League, Bangor PA

United Kingdom

 * Forest of Dean Quoits League, Gloucestershire.
 * The Builth Wells and District League, Powys.
 * Kington League, Herefordshire.
 * Aymestry League, Herefordshire.
 * Presteigne League, Powys.
 * The Whitby Indoor League, North Yorkshire.
 * Clee Hill Quoits League, South Shropshire

United States

 * Bushkill Valley Quoit League, Pennsylvania.
 * Easton City Quoit League, Pennsylvania.
 * Slate Belt Quoit League, Pennsylvania.
 * Cohn's Quoit League, Ringoes, NJ.
 * Pottstown German Club Winter League, Pottstown Pa
 * Humble Parlor Brewing Quoit League, Philadelphia Pa

In film

 * In the romance film Father Is a Bachelor, two spinsters play quoits to determine who gets to marry William Holden's character.
 * Shown in the film Baron Omatsuri and the Secret Island, the sixth movie of the One Piece franchise, where the characters play a modified version of quoits as part of a challenge given by the Baron of the island.

title: Quoits