text:
Gunmetal

Gun metal, also known as red brass in the United States, is a type of bronze – an alloy of copper, tin, and zinc. Proportions vary but 88% copper, 8–10% tin, and 2–4% zinc is an approximation. Originally used chiefly for making guns, it has largely been replaced by steel for that purpose. Gunmetal casts and machines well, and is resistant to corrosion from steam and salt water. It is used to make steam and hydraulic castings, valves, gears, statues, and various small objects, such as buttons. It has a tensile strength of 221 MPa to 310 MPa, a specific gravity of 8.7, a Brinell hardness of 65 to 74, and a melting point of around 1,000 degrees Celsius.

Variants

 * Gunmetal ingot is a related alloy in which the zinc is replaced by 2% lead; this makes the alloy easier to cast but it has less strength.
 * Modified gunmetal contains lead in addition to the zinc; it is typically composed of 86% copper, 9.5% tin, 2.5% lead, and 2% zinc. It is used for gears and bearings.
 * U.S. government bronze specification G C90500 is composed of 88% copper, 10% tin, and 2% zinc, as is British Admiralty gunmetal.
 * G bronze (or Copper Alloy No. C90300) contains 88% copper, 8% tin, and 4% zinc.
 * U.S. government bronze specification H is composed of 83% copper, 14% tin, 3% zinc, and 0.8% phosphorus.
 * Red brass is used to produce pipes, valves, and plumbing fixtures and is considered to offer a good mixture of corrosion resistance, strength and ease of casting. It typically contains 85% copper, 5% tin, 5% lead, and 5% zinc.
 * Copper Alloy C23000, which is known as red brass, contains 84–86% copper, 0.05% each iron and lead, with the balance being zinc.

Gunmetal can also mean steel treated to simulate gunmetal bronze. Bushings made of this metal are used in machinery.

Other uses of gun metal
Gun money, Irish late 17th-century emergency coins, contain gunmetal, as worn and scrapped guns were used to make them; but also many other metals, in particular brass and bronze, as people donated pots and pans and other metal objects.

External doors and windows of offshore rock lighthouses are often made of gunmetal due to its corrosion resistant properties.

title: Gunmetal


text:
Ladykirk and Norham Bridge

The Ladykirk and Norham Bridge connects Ladykirk in the Borders, Scotland, with Norham in Northumberland, England, across the River Tweed. It's one of three bridges that cross it along the Anglo-Scottish Border, the others being the Coldstream Bridge and the Union Chain Bridge; out of these, the Ladykirk and Norham Bridge is the youngest, opening to the public in 1888.

Earlier bridges
The previous bridge was a timber trestle built between 1838 and 1839 by J. Blackmore. The bridge was funded by subscribers purchasing shares; David Robertson, 1st Baron Marjoribanks paid £3000, and ten others paid £500 each.

This bridge used curved ribs eight planks deep at the ends and three planks deep in the middle, where each individual plank is 6 in deep. These were used to create two arches, each of 190 ft span and 17 ft rise, each arch was supported by two trusses. The planks were 18 ft long, and no piece of timber in the bridge was longer than 28 ft. The roadway was 18 ft wide. The entire bridge was restored in 1852, with the exception of the stone piers.

History
Construction of the present stone bridge lasted from 1885 to 1887. The bridge is listed at grade II by English Heritage and at category B by Historic Scotland.

It was designed by Thomas Codrington and Cuthbert A. Brereton for the Tweed Bridges Trust.

Design
It is a late stone road arch bridge with four spans. The two middle arches are of 90 ft span, and the outer two of 85 ft span, and the width of the roadway between the parapets is 14 ft. The outer piers have triangular cutwaters, but the central pier has a curved cutwater that continues up to the height of the road, with a break in the parapet to create a refuge for pedestrians.

The bridge uses dressed-stone for the arch rings, and has coursed-rubble spandrels and wing walls. It is built from red sandstone, and faced with ashlar dressings. The spandrels are hollow to reduce the load on the arches, an innovation by Thomas Telford.

The bridge carries the B6470 public road between the villages of Ladykirk in Scotland and Norham in England. It is just downstream from Canny Island, a river island in the Tweed.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Ladykirk and Norham Bridge


text:
John Stofa

John Carl Stofa (June 29, 1942 – April 23, 2022) was an American professional football player who was a quarterback in the American Football League (AFL) and National Football League (NFL).

Early life
John Stofa was born in Johnstown, Pennsylvania, the son of John and Ann Stofa.

He graduated from Bishop McCort High School. He attended the University at Buffalo where, as a member of the Class of 1964, he was the Bulls starting quarterback in 1962 and 1963. As a starter those seasons, the Bulls were 6–3 and 5–3–1, respectively. He set passing and total yardage records as the Bulls' quarterback. He also played baseball at Buffalo from 1962 to 1964.

Miami Dolphins, first stint
Stofa began his pro football career in the American Football League in 1966 for the expansion team Miami Dolphins. He played his first two seasons with the Dolphins, playing in a total of eight games, starting two. With the Dolphins, he completed 31 passes in 59 attempts for 476 yards and four touchdowns. His first career touchdown pass was a 27-yard completion to Joe Auer in a 29–28 win over the Houston Oilers in the final game of the season.

Cincinnati Bengals
Stofa was traded to the AFL expansion team Cincinnati Bengals prior to the 1968 season. He was the first Bengal in franchise history, signing with the team in December 1967. He has used the license plate "1ST BNGL.

He played one season (1968) with the Bengals, completing 85 passes in 177 attempts for 896 yards with five touchdowns and five interceptions as the Bengals went 3–11 in their inaugural season. Stofa shared time with fellow Bengals quarterbacks Dewey Warren and Sam Wyche.

Stofa holds the distinction of throwing the first touchdown pass in Bengals history. In the team's second game, he completed a 58-yard pass to tight end Bob Trumpy in the third quarter of a 24–10 win over the Denver Broncos for the first win in team history.

The following year, the Bengals drafted Greg Cook to become their starter. Stofa was waived during training camp, but then signed to the Bengals taxi squad. He was later claimed off waivers by the Dolphins.

Miami Dolphins, second stint
Stofa returned to the Dolphins for the 1969 season and for 1970, the Dolphins' first year in the NFL after the AFL–NFL Merger. Stofa, playing behind Bob Griese and Rick Norton, played in just one game for the Dolphins in 1969, with 14 completions in 23 attempts for 146 yards.

In 1970, backing up starter Bob Griese, Stofa played in eight games, with 16 completions in 53 attempts for 240 yards and three touchdowns. It was the fifth and last season of his five-year AFL–NFL career.

Jacksonville Sharks
In 1974, Stofa returned to pro football, signing with the World Football League's Jacksonville Sharks in the league's only season. Backing up quarterbacks Reggie Oliver and Kay Stephenson, Stofa completed two passes in five attempts for 24 yards and one touchdown.

Personal life
He was inducted into the University of Buffalo Athletic Hall of Fame in 1973. He retired after many years with Medical Mutual of Ohio and resided in Mason, Ohio. He was also a former board member of the University of Buffalo Blue and White Club, which holds annual fund-raising campaigns to provide scholarships for UB student-athletes and activities to enhance the visibility and reputation of the university's Division of Athletics. Stofa died on April 23, 2022, at the age of 79.

title: John Stofa


text: Category:Mauritanian politicians

title: Category:Mauritanian politicians


text:
Talk:Controlled foreign corporation

Opening heading
What are the tax advantages and disadvantages of a US Corporation setting up a CFC?

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: page moved. Vegaswikian (talk) 21:52, 21 December 2011 (UTC)

Controlled Foreign Corporation → Controlled foreign corporation –

Mentions such a thing for several countries, so clearly generic. Per WP:MOSCAPS ("Wikipedia avoids unnecessary capitalization") and WP:TITLE, this is a generic, common term, not a propriety or commercial term, so the article title should be downcased. In addition, WP:MOSCAPS says that a compound item should not be upper-cased just because it is abbreviated with caps. Lowercase will match the formatting of related article titles. Tony  (talk)  15:30, 14 December 2011 (UTC)
 * Support. Yep, definitely a generic term and should be de-capitalised. Jenks24 (talk) 09:46, 21 December 2011 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

List of countries with CFC rules
A Russian source lists: Австралия, Аргентина, Великобритания, Венгрия, Германия, Дания, Израиль, Индонезия, Испания, Италия, Канада, Китай, Мексика, Новая Зеландия, Норвегия, США, Турция, Финляндия, Франция, Швеция, ЮАР, Южная Корея, Япония Please verify and update the article. - üser:Altenmann >t 02:16, 22 December 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Controlled foreign corporation


text:
Podocarpus aristulatus

Podocarpus aristulatus is a small to medium-sized evergreen tree in the conifer family Podocarpaceae. It is found on the Caribbean islands of Hispaniola and Cuba.

Description
Podocarpus aristulatus grows to 10–20 m tall. The leaves are elliptical to linear, 2–4 cm long and 5–8 mm broad, arranged spirally on the shoots. The seed cones are berry-like, with fleshy red receptacle and one (occasionally two) apical seeds 7–10 mm long.

Uses
In the mountainous regions of the central Dominican Republic, where it is known as "palo de cruz" (or wood of the cross), it is used for axe handles and pestles, because of the durable quality of the wood. Its leaves are used for medicinal teas. As part of the religious beliefs of the area, small pieces are placed above the door frame on the inside of houses as a way of warding off evil spirits.

Synonymy
Synonymy: Nageia aristulata, Podocarpus angustifolius var. aristulatus, Podocarpus angustifolius var. wrightii, Podocarpus buchii, Podocarpus angustifolius subsp. buchii, Podocarpus leonii, Podocarpus angustifolius var. leonii, Podocarpus victorinianus, Podocarpus angustifolius subsp. buchii var. latifolius.

title: Podocarpus aristulatus


text:
Dawn of the Dickies

Dawn of the Dickies is the second studio album by the California punk band Dickies. It includes the UK hits "Nights in White Satin" (a high-speed cover of the Moody Blues song), which reached No. 39 in the UK chart in September 1979, and "Fan Mail," which made No. 57 in February 1980.

The album's title and jacket cover, depicting the band members set upon by "zombies" in blue make-up, was a salute to the George A. Romero horror film, Dawn of the Dead.

Critical reception
Trouser Press wrote: "By slowing down the tempo a half step and coming up with strong melodies, guitarist Stan Lee and crew manage to reel off one maniacally catchy gem after another." The Globe and Mail said that "the Dickies go for the three-chord charge, and to complement the jangly, harsh music they have written eminently disposable lyrics about silly friends and trite situations." In 1995, the Los Angeles Daily News deemed the album "a junk-culture classic."

Personnel

 * Leonard Graves Phillips - Lead vocals, Mellotron, Piano, Organ
 * Stan Lee - Guitars, Vocals
 * Chuck Wagon - Keyboards, Guitars, Saxophone, Harmonica, Vocals
 * Billy Club - Bass, Vocals
 * Karlos Kaballero - Drums, Percussion, No vocals

Produced and Engineered by Robin Geoffrey Cable

title: Dawn of the Dickies


text:
On Moral Fiction

On Moral Fiction is a collection of essays by the American novelist John Gardner published in 1978. (ISBN 0-465-05225-8)

In this work, Gardner attacks what he sees as contemporary literature's lack of morality, which he calls the highest purpose of art and which he defines in the book. According to Gardner, morality is not an arbitrary social construct, but an eternal truth, taking on different forms but not essentially changing through the ages. He says that moral fiction "attempts to test human values, not for the purpose of preaching or peddling a particular ideology, but in a truly honest and open-minded effort to find out which best promotes human fulfillment."

Leo Tolstoy, among others, espouses similar views in his essay What is Art?, and Gardner draws upon Tolstoy in his argument.

title: On Moral Fiction


text: Category:Geography of Sudan

title: Category:Geography of Sudan


text:
Talk:Justice League Unlimited

Extended plot synopses
Can we please refrain from inserting complete recaps of everything that happens in an episode? I know it's fun to show off what you know, but keep in mind the purpose of an encyclopedia. It isn't to tell everybody what happens so they don't have to watch the show, or in case they miss an episode. That's what fan sites or episode-guide sites are for. The purpose of this article is to document what the show is is about, and describe each episode so people know which one is which. That just takes a sentence or two, like people have been doing for most of the series. Tverbeek 17:44, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)

JLU Roster
The list was too long, so I started a new article. Characters Appearing in Justice League Unlimited

 * Apparently, someone moved it back. It's waaaaay too long, I say we remove it and link to the characters page. --Gillespee 03:00, 28 November 2005 (UTC)

What's the big deal about a long artice, forstcobainssake??! actually it's a good thing, it makes the article more intersting, it looks incomplete by not havin the characters. I definitively don't like it this linked way!!--T-man, the Wise Scarecrow 20:31, 22 December 2005 (UTC)

"Wikipedia:Article size From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Jump to: navigation, search Limits on article size are set by a) technical issues and b) considerations of readability and organization.

In the past, technical considerations with some now-seldom-used browsers prompted a firm recommendation that articles be limited to a maximum size of precisely 32KB. With the advent of section editing, and the availability of upgrades for the affected browsers, this hard and fast rule has been softened.

However, do note that readers may tire of reading a page in excess of 20-30 KB of readable prose (tables, lists and markup excluded). (prose people, prose!... they are not talking about lists -T-man) Thus the 32KB recommendation is considered to have stylistic value in many cases; if an article is significantly longer than that, then sections probably should eventually be summarised and the detail moved to other articles (see Wikipedia:Summary style). For most long pages division into sections is natural anyway; even if there is no "natural" way to split a long list or table, it should be done anyway, to allow section editing.

Do not take precipitous action the very instant an article exceeds 32K. There is no need for haste. Discuss the overall topic structure with other editors. Determine whether the topic should be treated as several shorter articles and, if so, how best to organize them.

A relatively trivial fact may be appropriate in the context of the larger article, but inappropriate as the topic of an entire article in itself. In most cases, it is a violation of the neutral point of view to specifically break out a controversial section without leaving an adequate summary. Consider other organizational principles for splitting the article. Be sure that both the title and content of the broken-out article reflect a neutral point of view. A rule of thumb for splitting articles, and combining small pages:

>32KB - May eventually need to be divided (likelihood goes up with size; this is less critical for lists) >20KB - Might need to be divided (make sure sections are <20K - preferably much smaller) <20KB - Probably should not be divided <1K - If an article or list has remained this size for over a couple of months, consider combining it with a related page; this does not apply to a redirect or disambiguation page. Alternatively, why not fix it by adding more info? See Wikipedia:Stub. If it's a really important article that's just too short, put it under COTW, a project to improve stubs or nonexistent articles."

...Soooo...I think i'll be bringing back the list soon--T-man, the Wise Scarecrow 20:53, 22 December 2005 (UTC)

Robin
I don't get it. The producers say they want to have sidekicks but they have Supergirl on there?

 * Supergirl's relatively important to the Cadmus storyline. Robin isn't. Doesn't explain why Nightwing isn't involved, though. He's not a sidekick, he's a solo hero that used to be a sidekick.

The reason for no Robin should be obvious... but they won't give us Nightwing, either, because essentially he's just an inferior Batman. In the Batman animated series they could tell some great stories about the two of them, but in a Justice League cartoon where Batman is one of a host of characters, Nightwing is just redundant.

 * Not that I'm an expert or anything, but this is at least partially to do with the so-called "Bat-embargo" put in place by WB that won't allow any other Bat-Character (Alfred, Nightwing, or Ras al Ghul) to appear in JLU. Something about confusing continuities or something.  No one really understands their logic, so don't bother trying.  I would like to point out, however, that if Nightwing is simply an "inferior Batman" I would place Green Arrow, Huntress, and Wildcat in that same categoryas well.  Sure, they have personality differences, but that's about it.  Wasn't Huntress even Batman's daughter pre-Crisis?  Sounds like an inferior specimen to me . ..

Shouldn't Drake have been turned into "Joker Junior" by now anyway? That should hav ehappened long ago but was overlooked long before the Bat-Embargo began. Between that and that horribly stupid "Terry is Bruce's son" plot(is Timm taking ideas from Joe Quesada now?), I don't believe Bruce Timm is in full control of his faculties anymore.

 * Possibly, but that wouldn't necessarily occur in the JLU, and given the lack of new B:TAS episodes of late, well, it's understandable why it's not been shown. Oh, and Epilogue was great. Darquis 07:22, 6 July 2006 (UTC)

Order of Episodes
Is there a reason why the order of the episodes is not in cronilogical order? Jeff3000 July 5, 2005 03:40 (UTC)
 * I assume that since no one has replied, noone will mind if I put them in cronological order. -- Jeff3000 July 7, 2005 06:10 (UTC)

Just as a note -- there is often a conflict between 'air dates' and 'episode numbers'. For example, in Season One, we saw the Injustice Gang under the command of the Amazon Arisa in the episode 'Fury' talking about how much better a leader she is than Luthor; this was BEFORE we got to see Luthor form the Gang in 'Injustice For All'.

Season 5?
Has the show been canceled or run it's course? Does anyone know if there is a fifth season in the works? -Armaced 05:46, 24 July 2005 (UTC)

Yes, a fifth season is in the works. It will feature the Legion of Doom as the primary adversaries. Their HQ is the old Superfriends Legion of Doom HQ. Details were announced at the San Diego Comic Con, along with a clip. Here is a link to the panel: http://www.comicscontinuum.com/stories/0507/16/jlu.htm

Info on Season 5
http://wf.toonzone.net/WF/jlu/guides/s03.php

anyone wants to add it to the page go for it -sirevil

Ok will do The Fish 17:02, 2 September 2005 (UTC)

Bat Embargo
How many places do you have to have the exact same information Tman? If the information is on the bat-embargo page, it's not necessary to have the whole thing here too.--Gillespee 17:38, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

having fun?--T-man, the Wise Scarecrow 22:29, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

It is call an introduction, that's why i didn't wrote the complete article here, newby. normally all pages with related topics do the same, you can surf around a little an prove if for yourself. noboby is going to go to the bat embargo article if they don't know al least a little. By the way are you following me? i believe we mat on a different discusion page and you have become personal and you are just harassing me. please, i'd really appreciate if stop doing it.--T-man, the Wise Scarecrow 22:41, 21 December 2005 (UTC)

You need to calm down. I'm not stalking you. Check out the history, I've been puttering around the Justice League pages for some time now. I'm not chasing you around, we just have overlapping interests in Wikipedia. I just don't see needing two paragraphs on the Bat-embargo in the JLU thread when the actual Bat-embargo thread is only 11. Would anyone else care to weigh in on this? --Gillespee 05:35, 22 December 2005 (UTC)

I've tried to find the middle ground between us and have added more information than I had put in while shortening your two paragraphs. Can we agree on this middle ground?--Gillespee 05:43, 22 December 2005 (UTC)

ok, if you add a couple of lines im happy, haha. but don't thik this is my invention, it's a very common practice to have the introduction paragraphs of a pege after the link, so that the link can capture a little of the readers interest.--T-man, the Wise Scarecrow 19:46, 22 December 2005 (UTC)

Again, I'm not trying to contend that there should be no introduction. But a two paragraph introduction to an article that is only 11 seems a little much for me. I appreciate your efforts, and I'm as cheesed off about the bat-embargo as anyone, I'm just trying to keep the wiki looking good.--Gillespee 03:36, 24 December 2005 (UTC)

are you not pissed because of no chances of seeing the joker, the scarecrow, the riddler, aquaman, black manta with his nama, or even the spark of chance of seing again the penguin, catwoman, scarface and the rest???????!!!!!--T-man, the Wise Scarecrow 09:48, 24 December 2005 (UTC) do you even watch the show???!!!!

Besides, do you read the wikipedia guides or just pretend to know? the article i not even big enough to be a big section of an article, the can go like 25k with no proble? do you have sand down there or what? and the removal of the list of characters wich i tell you in advance i'm bringing back is not so bright either. wikipedia is against big prose articles, they say it is piont less to remove lists, pics or tabbles!!! and the JLU characters are mostly lists. you need a lot to learn kiddo. somebody did this to you on a real big article and you believe you are a good editor just because you are repeating the operation but the sad thing is that you are doing it without analizing the situation before. and you don't thank me for the lesson its free. next time don't mess with the master--T-man, the Wise Scarecrow 10:00, 24 December 2005 (UTC) In other words keep it 2-3 paragraphs long with flashy names, and we are cool. --T-man, the Wise Scarecrow 10:18, 24 December 2005 (UTC)

YES! I hate the bat-embargo. I miss the characters, don't get me wrong, I DO. But this is an encylopedia not your own personal sounding board for things you don't like about the world, if that's what you're looking for, go get your own website. Again, I'm not worried in the least bit about the lengths of the articles - I'm worried about redundancy. Copying 2 of the eleven paragraphs from your Bat-Embargo article verbatim is not a good way is simply repeating. It's unecessary when there's a link write there, since there is no consensus, I still think this is a better way to do it.--Gillespee 05:35, 26 December 2005 (UTC)

Oh, and could you please knock-off the insults? It's pretty unprofessional.--Gillespee 05:39, 26 December 2005 (UTC)

Merger of The Bat-Embargo
I have listed The Bat-Embargo for merger with this page. The info on the Bat-Embargo does not require a seperate page, as the issue can be reduced into one or two paragraphs in the JLU page, be reducing a lot of the extra verbiage and the POV commentary. Vote to merge. Dyslexic agnostic 04:26, 27 December 2005 (UTC)

Do Don't merge it wouldn't fit. Or whatever u like but don't erase it, please. I worked my ass with that article and now is full of quotes to back whatever I wrote...Ok, I created all that bat-embargo research, but what is the verbiage there?? I know I'm the most hated dude on the wikipedia ever, but...is somethig i said not true?? everybody is telling me to quote but, do you remember Mr Burns sideburns thing against Don Mattingly on the Simpson?? I feel just like that!! The article must be like 25% quotes for St. Cobain's sake!!! and I already wrote links to every page you can read to confirm everything i said. What else do you want me to do???????!!!!! -- (I't is also worth noticing that the person who started this proposal doesn't have better credibility than myself, he has become my own personal "Cape Fear" like stalker harassing me wherever I go...Well at least, he shouldn't have more cred...but he does)T for Trouble-maker 04:46, 27 December 2005 (UTC)
 * I vote dont't merge, and the disscusion should be here, since all people who worked on this page did it here. It's not fear to us. Specially since I'm the creator and I think nobody has good faith in my person (not like i don't kinda deserve it for my authoritarian tone) The others have no idea of what's going one. They even took out of there the List of JLU characters because the page was "too big". Making it bigger with prose doesn't make sense. Since from what I understand of wikipedia policy, the most common problem with big articles too much prose, I Dunno, but to me, t'd make more sense to merge the characters list first, since lists are not a problem when it comes to sizing an article.--T for Trouble-maker 21:26, 29 December 2005 (UTC)

I vote yes. Two good paragraphs (obviously longer than what we've got in the article now) should be able to sum it up well enough to have people understand what's going on.--Gillespee 17:08, 27 December 2005 (UTC)

Yes, by all means, merge it and tighten it up. At the end of the day the situation isn't complicated enough to warrant anything more than a couple of paragraphs, as Gillespee has said. --khaosworks (talk • contribs) 07:39, 30 December 2005 (UTC)

 * OK, I've merged and redirected The Bat-Embargo, still needs to be cleaned up though. Dyslexic agnostic 16:16, 4 January 2006 (UTC)

 * I shrunk it a fair amount. It now stands at two paragraphs plus a line or two about the Aqua-embargo. I'm almost thinking it's too short now.  Maybe we should throw something back in about the Joker and Ras or maybe throw something in about the Bat-Family such as Batgirl (who apparently was slated to somehow appear in Double Date until the Embargo kicked in.  But I didn't see a need for a paragraph detailing every characters dissapearance (cough, cough Hugo Strange) or endless quotes from the creators.  Feel free to add to it and let me know what you think.--Gillespee 07:34, 8 January 2006 (UTC)

 * I took my own advice and added in lines about the Joker and Ra's, leaning heavily on T-Man's originals. As it stands, I think this looks pretty good.  Comments?--Gillespee 18:54, 8 January 2006 (UTC)

I find this quite unfear, the merge proposal came from this page and was done without hearing people from the bat-embargo page. besides, all four of us have history that don't aloud us to trust each others good faith. specially since the propposal came from someone that is following me everywhere and don't even know when Harley Queen and Bane were created. I might be very, very wrong about this, but I'm not sure about Khaos experteece* (sorry about the spelling) either; some of his comments had lead me to that conclution, although I hope I'm wrong... I know, a good editor isn't necesarely the biggest fan of its content... but we'd also need people passionated about the topic and the details to keep this even. I remind you this is an encyclopedia, not a dictionary, we have to provide certain level of detail here. You are right, here a couple of paragraphs are more than enough... but the idea of a "subarticle" makes sense to me. If you check the history of the bat-embargo article, you can learn that several users contributed to that article fixing details. It's just not fear, this decitions seems unilateral. you are UK and the bat embargo's ireland you are just doing whateveryou want with info you don't even care about- T-man (from this computer, I forgot my password)--201.152.90.181 00:42, 16 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Only one person on the Bat-Embargo talk page voted to keep it. I don't know T-man, it looks to me like there was an honest consensus.  But just because I believe that does not mean I want you to disappear from Wikipedia or anything like that.  Start posting again soon.--Gillespee 05:23, 16 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Several people contributed to that page. And dyslexic admited he doesn't watch JLU at all in my talk page. The proposal was a joke since the begining.

Besides the cadmus saga was very hard to follow in detail. the article might help viewers that don't download the episodes to watch over and over those episodes to get that kind of details. Hugo Strange appeared almost fourteen years ago, it might be tough to recognize dr. moon and not everybody read Batman Adventures (khaos thought this was moot since it ended a couple years ago, but he seems to forgot or ignore that roxy rocket, the second scarecrow looks, etrigan, harley's origin and the hollyday stories firt appeared on that kind of line of comics 3 to 4 years before the respective animated debuts... not very observant from his part); so as you can see, the observations in that article served those other purposes as well. You were right about the excesive quoutes, I put those there so that chaos didn't go over asking me for them. I agree we must save words, but not facts. No matter how trivial, here is the space to share them, the only problem is that we have to ve very careful about how to do it, because they are trivia.

Once again I remind you, this was proposed by someone that doesn't even watcht or know anything about the league and you are fell in his game.--T for Trouble-maker 07:22, 17 January 2006 (UTC)

Clean up?
What else needs to be done for the clean-up? The article has been tagged since January 4. I'm certainly willing to help with whatever people think needs to be done.

Or are we just waiting until the AfD finishes to see if we'll be adding the information again?--Gillespee 07:30, 22 January 2006 (UTC)

It's been more than a week and no one has commented, I'll assume that means the clean-up tag can be removed. It was originally tagged the first time the Bat-embargo was merged in, and that section has long been dealt with.

QUOTE OF THE CENTURY!!:
''-Dr. Polaris: you gonna wash your hands?

''-Flash/Luthor: No..."because I'm evil"!

There!! did I said it first??!!!! haha. :D --T-man... ""worst vandal ever"" 01:50, 31 January 2006 (UTC)

What's with this?:
''Dwayne McDuffie has gone on the record as saying that we will never see the golden shield on the back of Superman's cape and the issue of where Batman Beyond: Return of the Joker fits into continuity rarely comes up. Supergirl received a redesign because they said that the white-T design was "too 90s". The new design is described as being based on the new Supergirl from the Loeb/Churchill series with DCAU Supergirl's face and DCAU Black Canary's hair.''

Yeah, and ''Aquaman won't be seen again. However Flash's uniform is red and there are actually 2 presidents Bush in the Unites States, none of them with brains. Therefore esquimos make their houses out of ice''.--T-man... ""worst vandal ever"" 08:02, 31 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Huh?--Gillespee 15:01, 31 January 2006 (UTC)

What I ment is that the above stuff from the article doesn't make sense.

''Dwayne McDuffie has gone on the record as saying that we will never see the golden shield on the back of Superman's cape

Could have something to do with:

''Supergirl received a redesign because they said that the white-T design was "too 90s". The new design is described as being based on the new Supergirl from the Loeb/Churchill series with DCAU Supergirl's face and DCAU Black Canary's hair.''

But the connection with this is almost none:

''Dwayne McDuffie has gone on the record as saying the issue of where Batman Beyond: Return of the Joker fits into continuity rarely comes up.

If those things are indeed conected we'd have to rephrace. Or you'd have to explain it to me :P--T-man... ""worst vandal ever"" 04:56, 5 February 2006 (UTC)

 * No, I agree, there's no connection there. I guess the only thing is that Dwanye said them?--Gillespee 05:24, 5 February 2006 (UTC)

Aquaman as key member
What's this about Aquaman being a key member? As far as I can remember he was only in one episode between Initiation and Wake the Dead, Ultimen. As Ultimen was an homage to Superfriends, I believe Aquaman was in this episode more because of his importance in Superfriends than the fact that he was taking Shayera's spot. I've never seen any quotes from any creators to say that they were moving in the direction of Aquaman over Shayera. This seems to be mroe fan speculation than verifiable fact to me (especially since Aquaman did appear in Wake the Dead. I removed the passages, but I'd be willing to see them back in if whoever added it can verify it.--Gillespee 17:50, 31 January 2006 (UTC)
 * I still see little proof that Aquaman, even informally, took Shayera's place on the team. The closest to verification I have heard is that he sat in her chair (which in my mind hardly counts as verification of such.)  I'm going to mark it as needing a citation in hopes of resolving this without argument.--Gillespee 05:05, 7 February 2006 (UTC)

minor det
I added Aquaman's mention back on the JLA characters' sec. That helps making some difference between the JL and JLU and their main rost. Flash was also absent for season one.

Trivia removal
Removed the following:

 * In the original Justice League series, the Javelin was heavily damaged, but never destroyed until it was blown up during the Thangarian invasion. By contrast, the Javelin shuttles in Justice League Unlimited are destroyed with regular frequency, starting with an entire armada of them in "The Return".

It was destroyed, not damaged, in Justice League episode 208, the second part of Maid of Honor. Simnel 01:05, 6 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Removed the comment about Nightwing in "Grudge Match" being based on the "How Long Is Forever" Teen Titans appearance. We never get a front-on view of Nightwing, but it is clear from the back that the design (in particular, the head) is the design seen in The New Batman Adventures, which predates Titans considerably. If anything, most folks find the Titans Nightwing design to be eerily similar to the TNBA version, not the other way around. - Alex Weitzman

"Some fans" -- Bat-Embargo
Cut this... "Some fans have started petitions in an effort to reverse this restriction, or at least to convince Warner Bros. to allow the inclusion of Batman's archenemies the Scarecrow and the Riddler in the Legion of Doom, as they were members of the original Legion. In contrast, some fans feel one of Justice League Unlimited 's strengths is their showcasting more obscure characters in general such as allowing an opportunity for other characters' rogues galleries to take attention such as The Flash's."

Not to put too fine a point on it, but who cares what 'some fans' think? This is supposed to be an encyclopedic article. And a petition to allow character usage in a show which has ended is hardly worth mentioning. Simnel 12:46, 8 March 2006 (UTC)

Sad to see this show go.
Any chance it will come back on another network maybe? Ashay8 20:36, 26 May 2006 (UTC)
 * No. There's a new movie in the works, but any future animation is going to be with Superboy and the Legion of Superheroes by a different team of animators led by a producer of the series (not Timm). --Happylobster 16:54, 12 October 2006 (UTC)

you ever heard of Boomerang? TV channel owned by Cartoon Network. Recently Justice League with the big 7 were featured on it. So it might go there or not. Brian Boru is awesome 17:00, 12 October 2006 (UTC)

Unnfinished
I doubt the STORY's over,the series maybe....

There is a chance that the JLU of the future will be portrayed in a new series from DCAU!!!!

Many loose end have to be tied up:
 * What happened to Galatea and the Ultimen.
 * Did the Legion of doom get captured.
 * We dont know much of Aquagirls origins and why Aquaman went missing.
 * We dont know what happened to Milo's splicers:the warthog,the wolfmen and Tygrus

Animated Series Batman (character) sandbox
Batman: The Animated Series/Animated Series Batman (character)

During the creation of of that "late" article I always stated that it was a draft or unproject. It took weeks until Bennon cleverly figured out what I was trying to do was a sandbox (which I didn't know how to do until now). Now everyone can edit it with no time pressure and talk about what to do with the info when i's finally finished. I coul'd have created the sandbox in my own talk page, but I don't want anyone to assume I "OWN" the project. Feel free to erase, add and source stuff to improve it.--T-man, the wise 22:34, 12 June 2006 (UTC)
 * I redirected this page to to go Batman: The Animated Series. It's naming violates just about every rule there is.  What a strange thing for T-man to do. Dyslexic agnostic 06:14, 13 June 2006 (UTC)

JLU/Teen Titans
Is it even worth mentioning the possible conflict between Nightwing (B:TAS universe, shared with JLU) and Robin (Teen Titans) when A) it's never definitively shown which Robin appears on TT (although I agree it's Dick Grayson) and B) There would, by necessity, need to be a gap in time frames for Kid Flash and Speedy to age to be adults on JLU? Darquis 07:25, 6 July 2006 (UTC)
 * As I understand it, Teen Titans is not part of the main DC animated universe. - LeonWhite 03:33, 30 August 2006 (UTC)

Cancellation
Is there any furhter information on the cancellation of the series? The brief mention in the article doesn't mention any reasons.

 * Nothing definitive, but a Wizard Magazine article speculated that both JLU and Teen Titans were cancelled purely for monetary reasons; enough episodes of both have been produced for Warner Bros. to offer for syndication if they so desire, and they apparently decided it was unnecessary to spend money on further seasons. Odd, since it's now been confirmed that DC and Warner Bros. now intend to produce a straight-to-DVD JL animated film, as well as a similar film or films in a more adult-oriented vein for Teen Titans--though such projects are rumored to be in jeopardy due to the lukewarm public reception given to Superman: Braniac Attacks.  Of course, since most of this is rumor and not confirmed fact, such speculation doesn't belong in the main article. -- Pennyforth 14:31, 18 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Well, considering they recast people in that animated feature (Brainiac, Lex Luthor e.t.c), and also changed Lex's mannerisms/the way he acted in general, is it really a suprise it did so-so when it was released? Tallaussiebloke 08:34, 12 October 2006 (UTC)

 * It was Cartoon Network that put a bullet in Titans and JLU, not Warner Animation. As the network which ponied the money up for production, when they said 'no more' WBA's hands were tied.

The JL DTV 'New Frontier' is green lit and going. Brainiac Attacks really didn't affect much (although is regarded as a disaster nonetheless) - a bigger influence (and motivation) was the success of the Avengers Unlimited DTV. None of which is worth noting in the article, this is just an FYI from someone who was there. PS -- I can't understand why people call this show a Dini/Timm show when Paul Dini did little more than write a few eps and didn't even work directly for WBA at the time -- he was on LOST for most of the run. Dwayne McDuffie was the story editor for JLU. Dunno why anyone thinks different - it's in the bloody credits - no Dini, producer credit for McDuffie.raltorn 3:37, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

Can anyone provide information as to the dates and issues of the recently canceled JLU comic book? Austinmayor (talk) 14:02, 20 August 2008 (UTC)

The founding members list has real name for Martian Manhunter, but not others.
Dream Focus 19:49, 1 October 2006 (UTC) I'm curious about the Founding Members list. It doesn't say Clark Kent, or Bruce Wayne. So why does it say J'onn J'onzz instead of Martian Manhunter? I didn't change it since I thought maybe there was a reason, and I'm not a huge DC comics fan. Is the character in the series currently called by his real name, instead of his super hero name?

 * Correct - he's not called the Martian Manhunter in the series. CovenantD 22:09, 1 October 2006 (UTC)

 * I've heard his full character name maybe once, but yeah, mostly just J'onn or Manhunter. Tallaussiebloke 08:31, 12 October 2006 (UTC)

 * Probably common knowledge by now, but in the episode "Task Force X" he's referred to by Clock King as "J'onn J'onnz, the Martian Manhunter". 24.163.208.79 15:31, 31 August 2007 (UTC)

Trivia section
Once all of the unsourced trivia was removed, all that was left was cast comparisons to other television shows. That is more fancruft than encyclopedic, so it's all gone now. CovenantD 23:39, 19 October 2006 (UTC)

Bat embargo link missing
Various redirects to "bat embargo" come here, but there appears to be no section relating to this. Has this been moved to another article? 23skidoo 00:18, 3 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Some self righteous asses decided to merge the embargo page with this page and then some other self righteous ass decided to cut down on this page and all info on the embargo was lost in the shuffle of arrogance and egotism. Seriously learn to leave well enough alone any fool could have seen that merging the articles was a bad idea. Stop voting to merge stuff that doesnt need to be merged, all you do is lose info in the shuffle. That's my 2 cents. You can try to look at the history of this page find it and copy and paste--Bushido Brown 23:22, 16 November 2006 (UTC)
 * That's one way to win people over to your point of view. Not one I'd recommend, but I guess we'll see how that works for you.--Gillespee 14:35, 17 November 2006 (UTC)
 * I love you, Bushido. But my love burns. --Chris Griswold (  ☎  ☓  ) 23:48, 18 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Just in case you wanna know, I found a Bat-embargo article on the DCAU Wiki. -- Tom 15:16, 20 March 2007 (UTC)

Destroyer
Why is it the episode Destroyer's page has been redirected to the main JLU page? It was marked a vandalism, but the previous page seemed rather complete and detailed. 66.109.248.114

Trivia
This section is deleted as it goes against wikipedia rules.See ' X-Men:Evolution ' discussion page for the argument about Trivia that had held.Creating Trivia section is against the rules. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 203.81.213.158 (talk) 16:02, 6 February 2007 (UTC).

contradiction
yet at the top it says only 3 series, i don't know myself which is right, just thought you ought know

Although he is featured prominently in the opening credits, and was one of the original members of the league in the previous Justice League series, the character of The Flash appears only fleetingly in the second and third season, though he has a more substantive role in the fourth and fifth seasons. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 82.26.104.229 (talk) 04:30, 1 March 2007 (UTC).

Fiction noticeboard
A new noticeboard, Fiction noticeboard, has been created. - Peregrine Fisher 18:26, 1 May 2007 (UTC)

 * This noticeboard has been deleted per Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Wikipedia:Fiction noticeboard. Please disregard the above post. ~ Jeff Q (talk) 11:26, 9 May 2007 (UTC)

So... why'd the series end?
Well?

-G

Voice cast missing name?
In the section Voice cast there seems to be missing a name for the actor who voiced the hero Atom Smasher. Does anyone know who this was?--Henry Berthelsen (talk) 19:27, 24 January 2008 (UTC)
 * I don't think Atom Smasher ever really talked.Rhino131 (talk) 15:05, 29 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Also, on the matter regarding Atom Smasher, I noticed he's not among the list of "Non-Speaking Members". Thus I think Atom Smasher should be added to said list, as I don't believe he ever spoke. --24.217.88.99 (talk) 11:21, 12 January 2009 (UTC)

Another point here is Metamorpho spoke several times and had an entire episode in one of the earlier seasons. ON the other hand I don't think Doctor Light ever spoke —Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.112.116.213 (talk) 01:42, 25 July 2010 (UTC)

How Old are they?
I am really confuse, well because on the DCAU site it says on the the timline that batman and superman are born on late 60's and john stewart on 50's. Then it means bruce is 100+ years old?. 21 April 2008 124.217.25.249

Focus on Ditko Characters?
Really? Ditko's Hawk and Dove appear in a single episode... but so do Jack Kirby's Mister Miracle and Big Barda and Orion appears as an actual member of the League for the first time. Captain Atom, though re-envisioned by Ditko in the 1970s for Charlton before the went belly up, was an older character not created by Ditko. The version of Captain Atom that appears is the 1980s version created by Pat Broderick and Cary Bates. I believe Ditko's Creeper appears, but none of his appearances are important. The only real justification for this line is recurrence of the Question throughout the show as an important character. The line might be expendable. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.5.144.50 (talk) 20:04, 2 December 2010 (UTC)

3 seasons?
By what definition is JLU 3 seasons long? As far as I understand the series was released on DVD in two seasons which comprises the whole series. I'm not questioning the validity of there being 3 seasons since Season 1 is suspicious twice as long as Season 2, but it seems more logical to consider Season 1 and 2 (as defined here at Wikipedia) as one Season due to the Cadmus story-arc which spans until Divided We Fall. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.128.246.133 (talk) 11:50, 6 August 2013 (UTC)

Does this show deserve it's own page?
Wikipedia features several article for tv articles for many shows that had a change in title, format and opening but doesn't give them their own seperate pages. What exactly makes this show any different? IMDB counts it the same as many of the other shows that saw this over the years (New Scooby DOo Mysteries, Heathcliff and Marmaduke, The Puppy's Further Adventures, Young Justice Invasion, Fangface and Fangpuss, etc for a few examples) All of which were change ups from previous seasons but are all not afforded a separate page from their first season identidies. JLU is to JL as all of those are to their first season identities. Why does this show get special treatment?69.171.176.210 (talk) 22:02, 24 March 2014 (UTC)

Character lists
The character lists here are a mess. There is no clear indication of which are the voice actors's names, which are the characters's codenames, and which are the characters's civilian names. Also, some civilian names are given which were never used in the show. Most confusingly, Galatea, Shifter, and Downpour have information relating to Power Girl, Jayna, and Zan which is NOT valid for these characters; they were inspired by the older characters but are not them so that civilian names may or may not be the same. --Khajidha (talk) 17:35, 22 September 2015 (UTC)

Orphaned references in Justice League Unlimited
I check pages listed in Category:Pages with incorrect ref formatting to try to fix reference errors. One of the things I do is look for content for orphaned references in wikilinked articles. I have found content for some of Justice League Unlimited's orphans, the problem is that I found more than one version. I can't determine which (if any) is correct for this article, so I am asking for a sentient editor to look it over and copy the correct ref content into this article.

Reference named "auto": From Jeremy Piven:  From Blu-ray: http://www.blu-raydisc.com/Assets/Downloadablefile/White_Paper_General_5th_20180216.pdf From Moby Dick and Mighty Mightor:  From Batman vs. Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles:  From Aquaman:  From Voltron (1984 TV series):  From Harley Quinn (TV series):  From Neon Genesis Evangelion: </li> <li>From Lego DC Super-Villains: </li> <li>From Renee Montoya: </li> <li>From Boomerang (TV network): </li> <li>From Justice League vs. the Fatal Five: https://www.bleedingcool.com/2019/04/17/justice-league-vs-the-fatal-five-ep-bruce-timm-talks-the-killing-joke-jlu-canon-more-interview/</li> <li>From JoJo's Bizarre Adventure (TV series): </li> <li>From ThunderCats Roar: </li> <li>From Joanne Whalley: Val Kilmer at tribute.ca</li> <li>From Toonami (Indian TV channel): </li> <li>From Batman Ninja: </li> <li>From DC Animated Universe: </li> <li>From Robert Picardo: </li> <li>From The Lego Movie: </li> <li>From Harley Quinn: </li> <li>From Eric Roberts: </li> <li>From Dragon Ball Super: </li> </ul>

I apologize if any of the above are effectively identical; I am just a simple computer program, so I can't determine whether minor differences are significant or not. AnomieBOT ⚡ 12:08, 4 March 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Justice League Unlimited


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Gatu

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. Golbez 07:14, Jun 18, 2005 (UTC)

Gatu
Totally unverifiable and probably fancruft: sounds like someone made this up. Ambush Commander 17:45, Jun 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, good laugh though, esp. the badly photoshopped picture. humblefool® 21:34, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nonsense. JamesBurns 05:28, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Gatu


text: Wikipedia:POTD/June 13, 2005

title: Wikipedia:POTD/June 13, 2005


text: Wikipedia:Picture of the day/June 13, 2005


text: User talk:68.55.66.57

title: User talk:68.55.66.57


text:
User talk:Erwnerve

Welcome
Hello , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! You 17:47, Jun 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
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title: User talk:Erwnerve


text:
Talk:Matthew Rycroft

Untitled
This appears to be an article about the 'Secret Memo' leaked to The Times and not Matthew Rycroft.

I agree
Yes, I agree. More about Mr. Rycroft would be nice, and not about for what he is known for, The Downing Street Memo.

Can anyone elaborate more about him?

External links modified (January 2018)
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title: Talk:Matthew Rycroft


text:
Parineeta (novel)

Parineeta (পরিণীতা Porinita) is a 1914 Bengali language novel written by Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay and is set in Calcutta, India during the early part of the 20th century. It is a novel of social protest which explores issues of that time period related to class and religion.

Title
The word Parineeta is translated in English as married woman. The literal meaning comes from Bengali (Sanskrit) word "পরিণয়/परिणय/Parinay" - "marriage".

Plot
Parineeta takes place at the turn of the 20th century during the Bengal Renaissance. The story centers around a poor 13-year-old orphan girl, Lalita, who lives with the family of her uncle Gurucharan. Gurucharan has five daughters, and the expense of paying for their weddings has impoverished him. He is forced to take a loan from his neighbour, Nabin Roy, by mortgaging a plot of land with him. The two neighbouring families share a very cordial relationship, although Nabin Roy covets Gurucharan's mortgaged plot. Nabin Roy's wife, Bhuvaneshwari, dotes on the orphan Lalita and showers love upon her; the latter reciprocates even to the extent of addressing Bhuvaneshwari as “maa” (mother). Roy's younger son Shekharnath (Shekhar), a 25-year-old, recently minted attorney, has a joking, bantering relationship with Lalita, his mother's protégée. The young girl adores him like her mentor, and for some strange reasons, accepts his possessive attitude towards her.

Upon the emergence of a supportive Girin in Lalita's life, a certain jealousy transpired within Shekhar, which tended to moderate Lalita's increasing associations with Girin, who has now extended his helping hand to Gurucharan's finances and also assisted him in finding a match for Lalita. These situations seemed to stir the instinctual passions of Shekhar and Lalita for each other. One evening before Shekhar's tour to the west, the duo secretly gets married. But a newly married Lalita had to conceal herself in the veil of her spinsterhood, as her uncle Gurucharan quits his fight with the law and orders of Hindu society and embraces Brahmoism, inspired from the angelic words of Girin. The society abandons them, and the same is followed by Shekhar towards Lalita upon his return (though mixed with covetousness over Girin's influence on her family). His jeopardies in introducing his wife amidst the society because of the differences in wealth, religion and, more importantly, due to a precluded marriage of marrying an under-aged woman made him harsh and arrogant towards Lalita who, drowned in agony, decides to accompany her family to Munger as a means of healing her psychologically tormented uncle anguished by the sense of isolation. Girin aided them all through his journey, to whom Gurucharan had his dying wish of marrying his daughter (suggestively indicated to his niece Lalita) which Girin accepts wholeheartedly.

Years pass with the passing of both Gurucharan and Nabin Roy and an 18-year-old Lalita visits her old place one last time for the sake of selling Gurucharan's house to Nabin Roy's heirs, since the deceased desired the plot for a long time. Shekhar has his marriage fixed in a week but Lalita's advent questions him over his real wishes; but he has heard of Girin's promise to marry Lalita which must have been fulfilled by now. Tables turn as Girin visits Shekhar with the legal documents of Gurucharan's plot; amidst the conversation, Girin reveals that he indeed became Gurucharan's son-in-law, but instead married Lalita's cousin Annakali, as Lalita claimed herself to be already married. Shockingly pleased by this, Shekhar regains himself and his now realised love for Lalita goes to his mother and confesses about his marriage with Lalita. The novella ends with consent for this marriage a declaration of union for Shekhar and Lalita.

Lalita's family

 * Lalita: the protagonist of the novella. Lalita came to live with her uncle's family after she was orphaned at the age of eight. At the beginning of the novella, she is thirteen years old and is close with her cousin Annakali (Kali) and her neighbor, Charubala (Charu). Lalita is considered a member of not only her uncle's family but of Charu's and of Shekhar's as well. Shekhar's mother Bhuvaneshwari is so attached to Lalita that she tells Lalita to call her 'maa'. At a time (1914) when young women were typically married at the age of thirteen, Lalita becomes the object of attraction between her neighbour Shekhar and Charu's uncle, Girin.
 * Gurucharan: Lalita's uncle is a bank clerk with a small salary and five daughters, as well as Lalita, to support. He becomes impoverished due to his attempts to follow social custom and pay large dowries for the weddings of his daughters. Indeed, the marriage of his second daughter was paid for by Shekhar's father, Nabin. In lieu of returning the money with high interest, Gurucharan's house was mortgaged to Nabin.
 * Lalita's aunt: She is never named in the novella and has only a minor role.
 * Annakali or Kali: Gurucharan's ten-year-old daughter and Lalita's cousin and playmate. It is during Kali's imaginary "doll-wedding" that Lalita and Shekhar exchange garlands.

Shekhar Roy's family

 * Shekhar: The youngest son of the Roy family, Shekhar is twenty-five years old. He has a master's degree as well as a law degree and is working as a teacher. From the time of her arrival to Gurucharan's house, Shekhar had taken an interest in Lalita's upbringing. While Shekhar contemplates marrying Lalita, he is restrained by social customs as well as by the resistance of his father who wants him to marry a wealthy woman with a large dowry.
 * Nabin: Shekhar's father, who is a rich and an unscrupulous businessman. He becomes so enraged when Gurucharan's debt is repaid and when Gurucharan converts himself and his family to Brahmoism, that he builds a wall between the two houses.
 * Bhuvaneshwari: Shekhar's mother, who is an advanced thinker. She wants Shekhar to choose his own wife rather than marry the woman whom Nabin selects. She also accepts Lalita as her daughter despite the difference in wealth and position.
 * Abinash: Shekhar's married elder brother, a lawyer, who is mentioned in passing but never appears in the novella.

Charu's family

 * Charubala or Charu: Lalita's neighbour and playmate. It is through her that Lalita gets introduced to Girin.
 * Manoroma: Charu's mother and Girin's cousin. She is an active card player and involves Lalita in many card games.
 * Girin: Manoroma's cousin and a university student who has been away for many years. He, as with the rest of the family, is a Brahmo, and convinces Gurucharan to convert himself (and his family). As a Brahmo, Gurucharan will no longer have to pay large dowries for the weddings of his daughters. In addition to repaying Gurucharan's loan, Girin repeatedly proves himself to be a man of integrity who acts according to the common good rather than his own self-interest.

Translations

 * 2005: English edition (Penguin India), translated by Malobika Chaudhuri, with an introduction by Swagato Ganguly.
 * 1937: Gujarati edition
 * 1934: Marathi edition

Film adaptations
Parineeta has been adapted to film a number of times:

 * Parineeta (2005 film) (Bollywood version), directed by Pradeep Sarkar, based upon a screenplay by Vidhu Vinod Chopra, starring Sanjay Dutt, Saif Ali Khan, and Vidya Balan.
 * Parineeta (1986 film), directed by Alamgir Kabir, starring Ilias Kanchan and Anjana Sultana.
 * Sankoch (1976 film), directed by Anil Ganguly, starring Sulakshana Pandit and Jeetendra.
 * Parineeta (1969 film), directed by Ajoy Kar, starring Soumitra Chatterjee and Moushumi Chatterjee.
 * Manamalai (1958 Tamil Language film), directed by Ch. Narayana Rao, starring Gemini Ganesan and Savitri.
 * Parineeta (1953 film), directed by Bimal Roy, starring Ashok Kumar and Meena Kumari.
 * Parineeta (1942 film), directed by Pashupati Chatterjee.

title: Parineeta (novel)


text:
Myology

Myology is the study of the muscular system, including the study of the structure, function and diseases of muscle. The muscular system consists of skeletal muscle, which contracts to move or position parts of the body (e.g., the bones that articulate at joints), smooth and cardiac muscle that propels, expels or controls the flow of fluids and contained substance.

title: Myology


text:
Edward Garmatz

Edward Alexander Garmatz (February 7, 1903 – July 22, 1986), a Democrat, was a U.S. Congressman who represented the 3rd congressional district of Maryland from 1947 to 1973.

Early life and career
Born in Baltimore, Maryland; his father and maternal grandparents were German immigrants. Garmatz attended the public schools, including the Baltimore Polytechnic Institute. He engaged in the electrical business from 1920 to 1942, and was associated with the Maryland State Racing Commission from 1941 to 1944. He served as police magistrate from 1944 to 1947.

Congressional Tenure
Garmatz was elected July 15, 1947, by special election to fill the vacancy left by Thomas D'Alesandro Jr., who had resigned the seat to become Mayor of Baltimore. He was re-elected to the twelve succeeding Congresses and served from July 15, 1947, to January 3, 1973. From the Eighty-ninth through the Ninety-second Congresses, Garmatz served as chairman of the Committee on Merchant Marine and Fisheries. Garmatz did not sign the 1956 Southern Manifesto, and voted in favor of the Civil Rights Acts of 1957, 1960, 1964, and 1968, as well as the 24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution and the Voting Rights Act of 1965.

Retirement
He was not a candidate for reelection in 1972 to the Ninety-third Congress, and became employed by the International Organization of Masters, Mates, and Pilots Union. He was a resident of Baltimore until his death there.

In 1978, a federal bribery conspiracy case against Garmatz was dismissed at the urging of Justice Department officials who said they had discovered that their key witness had lied to a grand jury and forged documents. This information was brought to their attention through the investigation of Garmatz's attorney, Arnold M. Weiner.

The federal courthouse in Baltimore is named after Garmatz. After his acquittal, Garmatz stood before the courthouse that bears his name, took out his handkerchief and began wiping the courthouse sign. When asked what he was doing he replied that he was wiping the tarnish from his name.

title: Edward Garmatz


text:
Struther Arnott

Struther Arnott  (25 September 1934 – 20 April 2013) was a Scottish molecular biologist and chemist who specialised in cancer research. He was a principal and vice-chancellor of the University of St Andrews.

Education and career
Struther Arnott was born in Larkhall, Lanarkshire, and educated at the Hamilton Academy (1945–52) where in 1952 he received the academy's gold medal for general scholarship and silver medal in chemistry and in mathematics, and from which school he won 5th place overall and 1st science place in the University of Glasgow Open Bursary Competition, 1952.

Following graduation (BSc (Chemistry and Mathematics), 1956), followed by PhD (Chemistry), 1960), Struther worked with the Biophysics Unit of King's College London, before his appointment as Professor of Molecular Biology at Purdue University, Indiana. At Purdue he served as head (chairman) of the Department of Biological Sciences, vice-president for Research and dean of the Graduate School. He returned to the United Kingdom to serve as principal and vice-chancellor at St Andrews from 1986 until his retirement in December 1999.

Awards and honours
He held visiting fellowships at the University of Oxford and was a fellow of King's College London. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1985, and of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1988, and was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1996. He was a member of the Advisory Council of the Campaign for Science and Engineering.

title: Struther Arnott


text:
Marisol Nichols

Marisol Nichols (born November 2, 1973) is an American actress, known for her roles as Nadia Yassir on the Fox series 24 and Hermione Lodge on the CW drama series Riverdale.

Early life
Nichols was born in the Rogers Park neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois, and grew up in Naperville, Illinois, with her mother, who is of Mexican descent, and her stepfather, Randy. Her biological father is of Russian-Jewish and Hungarian-Jewish descent. She is the oldest of three siblings, having two younger brothers.

Career
In 1996, she appeared in episodes of Due South and Beverly Hills, 90210. In 1997, she made her movie debut as Audrey Griswold in the film Vegas Vacation with Chevy Chase and Beverly D'Angelo. She also had supporting roles in the films Scream 2, Friends 'Til the End, Can't Hardly Wait, Jane Austen's Mafia and The Sex Monster.

From 2000 to 2002, she starred in the Showtime drama series Resurrection Blvd.. In 2001, she played Bahraini Princess (Sheika) Meriam Al Khalifa in the made-for-TV movie The Princess and the Marine. In 2003, she made guest appearances on episodes of Friends, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, Nip/Tuck and Charmed. Marisol's Charmed episode, "Chris-Crossed", was the show's highest-rated non-season-premiere episode. In 2006, she appeared in six episodes of Cold Case and starred in the film Big Momma's House 2.

She starred in the short-lived TV series Blind Justice in 2005 and In Justice, in 2006. In 2007, she starred in 24 as Special Agent Nadia Yassir. In 2008, she starred in the film Felon with Stephen Dorff.

In 2010, Nichols portrayed Sarah Monahan in the short-lived supernatural crime drama The Gates, a summer series on ABC.

She also was a guest star in an episode of NCIS: Los Angeles in 2010, as Tracy Keller, former partner and potential romantic interest for Special Agent G. Callen (Chris O'Donnell). Nichols' character appears in the sixth episode of Season 2. She also had a cameo in Kristin Chenoweth's music video for "I Want Somebody (Bitch About)". Nichols also portrayed "The Desert Wolf" on MTV's show Teen Wolf.

In 2012, Nichols starred in the ABC TV series GCB, with Leslie Bibb, Kristin Chenoweth, Annie Potts, Jennifer Aspen and Miriam Shor.

In 2017, Nichols began starring as Hermione Lodge, the mother of Veronica Lodge, in the teen drama series Riverdale, loosely based on the Archie comic book series. On February 23, 2020, Nichols announced that she would be leaving Riverdale ahead of its fifth season, making season four her last on the show. However, in June 2020, Nichols revealed that after having a talk with showrunner Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa, she would be staying on for season five.

Personal life
In November 1999, Nichols married Andrea Sorrentino, whom she met in Italy while filming the movie My Father's Shoes. They later divorced. In April 2008, she married director Taron Lexton. They have a daughter, born in September 2008. In November 2018, Nichols filed for divorce.

Nichols resides in Los Angeles, California.

In the 1990s, Nichols became a Scientologist, having been introduced to it by her chiropractor.

Volunteer work and activism
In an interview with Marie Claire, Nichols stated that she was raped when she was eleven, and that it "changed the entire trajectory of my life in a day." This inspired her to start a non-profit organization called Foundation for a Slavery Free World and has regularly spoken publicly about sex trafficking and ways to prevent children from becoming trafficked victims.

In 2012, as her career slowed down, Nichols began working with former FBI and CIA agents, Navy SEALs and Green Berets, as well as local law enforcement who have left government agencies and gone independent to help trap child sex predators. Her role involved acting as "bait", playing whatever role the situation called for, such as pretending to be a parent who was pimping out a child. In partnership with nonprofit organization Operation Underground Railroad, Nichols' work took her across the United States and other countries globally, including Haiti and Venezuela.

title: Marisol Nichols


text:
1921 in Norwegian football

Results from Norwegian football in 1921.

Class A of local Association Leagues
Class A of local association leagues (kretsserier) is the predecessor of a national league competition.

National team
Sources:

title: 1921 in Norwegian football


text:
Michael Bonallack

Sir Michael Francis Bonallack, OBE (31 December 1934 – 26 September 2023) was an English amateur golfer who was one of the leading administrators in world golf in the late 20th century.

Bonallack was born in Chigwell, Essex. He learned the game of golf under the tutelage of head professional Bert Hodson at Chigwell and soon won the Boys Amateur Championship in 1952. A rare example of an outstanding golfer who remained an amateur in the era when professional domination of the sport became firmly entrenched, he went on to win the Amateur Championship and the English Amateur five times each and the Brabazon Trophy four times. He was a member of nine Walker Cup teams and played in the Eisenhower Trophy seven times. His best finish at the Open Championship was eleventh in 1959. He was the leading amateur at the Open in 1968 and 1971.

Affiliations
Bonallack was Secretary of The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews from 1983 to 1999 and Captain from 1999 to 2000. He has also been President of the Golf Club Managers' Association (1974–84), Chairman of the PGA of Great Britain and Ireland (1976–81), Chairman of the Golf Foundation (1977–82), and President of the English Golf Union (1982).

Bonallack was the president of the British and International Golf Greenkeepers Association (BIGGA) and also served as president of the One Armed Golfers Society, the Professional Golfers Association of Europe and as chairman of the advisory committee for the Official World Golf Rankings. He was also president of the National Association of Public and Proprietary Golf Courses (NAPGC).

Honours
Bonallack was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) for services to golf in the 1971 New Year Honours, and was knighted in the 1998 Birthday Honours, again for services to golf. In 1972, he was voted the Bob Jones Award, the highest honour given by the United States Golf Association in recognition of distinguished sportsmanship in golf. He was a member of Augusta National Golf Club, and has received numerous honours from golfing organisations around the world, culminating in his induction into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2000.

Legacy
Europe and the Asia-Pacific play for the Sir Michael Bonallack Trophy every two years. The teams consist of 12 amateur golfers and no more than two players can be from the same country.

Personal life and death
Bonallack married Angela Ward in February 1958. They were married for 64 years until her death in July 2022.

Bonallack died in St Andrews, Fife on 26 September 2023, at the age of 88.

Tournament wins
Note: This list may be incomplete
 * 1952 Boys Amateur Championship
 * 1954 Essex Amateur Championship
 * 1955 Army Championship
 * 1957 Berkshire Trophy, Essex Amateur Championship, Hampshire Hog
 * 1958 Worplesdon Mixed Foursomes (with Angela Bonallack)
 * 1959 Sunningdale Foursomes (with Doug Sewell), Essex Amateur Championship
 * 1960 Essex Amateur Championship
 * 1961 The Amateur Championship, Berkshire Trophy, Golf Illustrated Gold Vase (tie with David Harrison), Essex Amateur Championship, Scrutton Jug
 * 1962 English Amateur
 * 1963 English Amateur, Essex Amateur Championship
 * 1964 Brabazon Trophy, Essex Amateur Championship, Scrutton Jug, Antlers of Royal Mid-Surrey (with D. Marsh)
 * 1965 The Amateur Championship, English Amateur, Lytham Trophy (tie with Clive Clark), Berkshire Trophy, Royal St. George's Grand Challenge Cup
 * 1966 Scrutton Jug
 * 1967 English Amateur, Golf Illustrated Gold Vase (tie with Bob Durrant lost playoff for Gold Medal), Prince of Wales Challenge Cup
 * 1968 The Amateur Championship, English Amateur, Brabazon Trophy, Berkshire Trophy, Golf Illustrated Gold Vase, Essex Amateur Championship, Royal St. George's Grand Challenge Cup, Scrutton Jug
 * 1969 The Amateur Championship, Brabazon Trophy (tie with Rodney Foster), Golf Illustrated Gold Vase, Essex Amateur Championship, Essex Open, Scrutton Jug
 * 1970 The Amateur Championship, Berkshire Trophy, Essex Amateur Championship, Scrutton Jug
 * 1971 Brabazon Trophy, Berkshire Trophy (tie with John Davies), Golf Illustrated Gold Vase, Scrutton Jug
 * 1972 Lytham Trophy, Essex Amateur Championship
 * 1973 East Anglian Open
 * 1975 Golf Illustrated Gold Vase
 * 1981 Royal St. George's Grand Challenge Cup

Sources:

Results in major championships
Note: Bonallack did not play in the U.S. Open or the PGA Championship. {{legend|#eeeeee|Did not play}} LA = Low amateur CUT = missed the half-way cut (3rd round cut in 1970 Open Championship) "T" indicates a tie for a place R256, R128, R64, R32, R16, QF, SF = Round in which player lost in match play Green background for wins. Yellow background for top-10

Sources: , Masters, U.S. Open and U.S. Amateur, Open Championship, Amateur Championship (1956, 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960

Awards and achievements

 * 1968 British Association of Golf Writers award
 * 1971 Officer of the Order of the British Empire
 * 1972 United States Golf Association Bob Jones Award
 * 1991 American Society of Golf Course Architects Donald Ross award
 * 1998 Knight Bachelor
 * 1999 Spanish Golf Federation Golf Medal of Honour
 * 2000 Czech Republic Golf Shield of Honour
 * 2000 Metropolitan Golf Association Lifetime Service Award
 * 2000 Inducted into World Golf Hall of Fame

Team appearances
this list may be incomplete
 * Eisenhower Trophy (representing Great Britain and Ireland): 1960, 1962, 1964 (winners), 1966, 1968 (individual leader, tie), 1970, 1972
 * Walker Cup (representing Great Britain and Ireland): 1957, 1959, 1961, 1963, 1965 (tied), 1967, 1969 (playing captain), 1971 (winners, playing captain), 1973
 * Amateurs–Professionals Match (representing the Amateurs): 1957, 1958 (winners), 1959, 1960
 * St Andrews Trophy (representing Great Britain and Ireland): 1958 (winners), 1960 (winners), 1962 (winners), 1964 (winners), 1966 (winners), 1968 (winners), 1970 (winners), 1972 (winners)
 * Commonwealth Tournament (representing Great Britain): 1959, 1963 (joint winners), 1967 (joint winners), 1971
 * European Amateur Team Championship (representing England): 1963 (winners), 1965, 1969 (winners), 1971 (winners)

title: Michael Bonallack


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Protector (DC Comics)

The Protector (Jason Hart) is a superhero who occasionally teams up with the Teen Titans and first appeared in The New Teen Titans anti-drug comic specials written by Marv Wolfman and penciled by George Pérez.

Publication history
The first anti-drug special issue was sponsored by Keebler, and Robin was at the time licensed by Nabisco so the Protector was used as a substitute. Coinciding with the issue was an anti-drug cartoon television advertisement that may have been a test for a Titans television show. As Robin was already a member of the popular Super Friends he would not have been available. Despite the fact that the Protector hardly appeared outside of the three anti-drug PSA comics, he is regarded as a member of the team as confirmed in the DC Who's Who Update '87 comic.

Fictional character biography
Jason Hart is a high school student and an expert in sports until the day he discovered that his little cousin Ted got hooked on to some drugs. After his parents tried to talk Ted out of taking the drugs, Jason learned of his love of superheroes and became a superhero called Protector. In order to save Ted, Protector fought the drug dealers which attracted the attention of Nightwing. While making him an honorary member of the Teen Titans, Nightwing trained Protector in the art of hand-to-hand combat.

Jason finally made another appearance attending a superhero party held by Beast Boy. Later, he also appeared in the Infinite Crisis hardcover collected edition in an added two-page spread.

During the Heroes in Crisis storyline, Protector checked himself into Sanctuary to deal with the stress of vigilante work and treat his drug addiction. He was among the heroes who was killed in an unexpected attack. In The Flash #791, it was revealed that the hero Goldbug replaced all of the dead heroes with clones from the 31st century and that they were all actually alive.

Powers and abilities
Protector is an expert in hand-to-hand combat.

Other versions
The Protector appears in Tiny Titans issues #16 and 46.

In other media
The Protector appears in Teen Titans Go! as an alternate alias of Robby Reed after his H-Dial borrows Robin's powers.

title: Protector (DC Comics)


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Maple City, Michigan

Maple City is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Leelanau County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population of Maple City was 209 at the 2020 census. The community is located within Kasson Township, and lies about 13 mi northwest of Traverse City.

As an unincorporated community, Maple City holds no legal autonomy of its own, and relies on governance from Kasson Township. However, a post office operates out of Maple City, with the ZIP code 49664.

History
Maple City had its beginnings in 1866 when William Parks and J. T. Sturtevant built a shoe peg factory on land containing several hundred acres of maple timber, and the community that grew up around it was at first known as "Peg Town." When applying for a post office, the name "Maple" was chosen, and when the post office was established on March 9, 1875, the name was given as "Maple City." William H. Crowell, who had purchased the shoe peg factory in that year, was the first postmaster. The factory burned down in 1880, and in 1882, Crowell built a sawmill that operated until 1916.

Demographics
White (Non-Hispanic) (82.6%), White (Hispanic) (11.6%), Asian (Hispanic) (4.65%), American Indian & Alaska Native (Non-Hispanic) (1.16%), and Black or African American (Non-Hispanic) (0%) make up Maple City, Michigan's 5 largest ethnic groupings.

title: Maple City, Michigan


text: User talk:68.148.162.179

title: User talk:68.148.162.179


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Todd Newton

James Todd Newton is an American entertainment reporter, game show host, and author.

Career
Newton started his entertainment career at age sixteen as a disc jockey for Kincaid Entertainment in St. Louis. Later, the company found a role for him on its KMOV children's television show Gator Tales.

While visiting Los Angeles in 1994 to report on Hollywood for St. Louis television station KPLR, Newton, then a radio personality known as Rikk Idol, signed with an agent and became a host on E! Entertainment Television in 1995.

Newton was presented with the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host in 2012 for his work on Hasbro Studios' Family Game Night. Newton later hosted the syndicated Monopoly Millionaires' Club alongside comic Billy Gardell.

Mentored by Sande Stewart and Bob Barker, Newton has also hosted The Price Is Right Live!, GSN's Hollywood Showdown, Powerball Instant Millionaire, In Search Of The Partridge Family, World's Wildest Game Shows, and Whammy! The All-New Press Your Luck.

Newton has hosted programs at American radio stations including WKBQ in his hometown of St. Louis, KIIS and KBIG in Los Angeles, WNEW in New York, and the syndicated All Nite Cafe. In January 2015, Newton helped launch a new radio station in St. Louis called NOW 96.3 KNOU and was inducted into the St. Louis Media Hall of Fame.

Newton is currently the host of The Host With The Most podcast, The Tattooed Traveler travel series on DBTV, Roku, Amazon Fire, and YouTube as well as the syndicated radio program The Todd Newton Morning Show with Maria Todd.

Television credits

 * Gator Tales (1986)
 * E! (1995–2007)
 * Hollywood Showdown (2000–2001)
 * Whammy! The All-New Press Your Luck (2002–2003)
 * Powerball Instant Millionaire (2002–2004)
 * Hot Ticket (2003)
 * Performing As... (2004)
 * Reality Remix (2004–2006)
 * Made in the USA (2005)
 * Gameshow Marathon (2006, road reporter and prize presenter)
 * Home Shopping Network (2007–2008)
 * GSN Live (2009)
 * Family Game Night (2010–2014)
 * Monopoly Millionaires' Club (2015–2016, Co-host)
 * ShopHQ (2018–2020)

Written works

 * 2012, Life in the Bonus Round ISBN 978-1986466745
 * 2013, Create A Superstar Demo ISBN 978-1301818877
 * 2013, Feedback: Friend or Foe ISBN 978-1301982653
 * 2014, First And Last Month: A Play ISBN 978-1499533187
 * 2016, The Host With The Most: Tales Of A Tattooed Television Personality ISBN 978-1523959501

title: Todd Newton


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Step Forward

Step Forward  was a Swedish hardcore punk band founded in 1989 in Umeå, Sweden by Dennis Lyxzén and his friends, Toft Stade, Jens Nordén and Henrik Jansson. Step Forward was one of the first hardcore punk bands in Sweden that held on to the American straight edge lifestyle.

They soon released their first demo "I Am Me" and in October 1990, their second demo, "Does It Make a Difference". During their existence they played a handful of gigs, mostly in the north of Sweden where they are from.

Differences of opinion on the kind of songs they wanted to play finally reached a point of no return and Step Forward was dissolved. They played their last gig in December 1991.

In 1996, a Step Forward CD entitled It Did Make a Difference was released on the hardcore label Desperate Fight Records. It included the demo-recordings mentioned above as well as two of their live-sets. Although the band no longer exists, Dennis Lyxzén created a new band, Refused, in 1992, which has revolutionized hardcore punk in Sweden and around the world. Jens Nordén has since played in somewhat notable bands as well, such as Regulations, The Vectors, E.T.A. - and along with Lyxzén, the last lineup of Refused side project Final Exit. In 2008 Nordén and Lyxzén teamed up with Karl Backman, The Vectors, and David Sandström, ex-Refused, to form a new hardcore band called AC4.

Members

 * Dennis Lyxzén – vocals (1989–1991)
 * Toft Stade – bass guitar (1989–1991)
 * Jens Nordén – drums (1989–1991)
 * Henrik Jansson – guitar (1989–1991)

Discography

 * 1991: It Did Make a Difference (Desperate Fight Records)

title: Step Forward


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Corsican Constitution

The first Corsican Constitution was drawn up in 1755 for the short-lived Corsican Republic independent from Genoa beginning in 1755, and remained in force until the annexation of Corsica by France in 1769. It was written in Tuscan Italian, the language of elite culture and people in Corsica at the time.

It was drafted by Pasquale Paoli, and inspired by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who, commissioned by the Corsicans wrote "Projet de constitution pour la Corse," in 1763.

The second Corsican Constitution was drawn up in 1794 for the short-lived (1794–96) Anglo-Corsican Kingdom and introduced suffrage for all property owners. It was also considered a highly democratic constitution for its time.

Linda Colley credits Paoli as writing the first ever written constitution of a nation state.

title: Corsican Constitution


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WV25

Tomb WV25 is an unfinished and undecorated tomb in the West Valley of the Valley of the Kings, Egypt. It is the beginning of a royal tomb, and is thought to be the start of Akhenaten's Theban tomb. It was discovered by Giovanni Belzoni in 1817; he found eight Third Intermediate Period mummies inside. The tomb was excavated in 1972 by the University of Minnesota's Egyptian Expedition (UMEE) led by Otto Schaden. The project uncovered pieces of the eight mummies, along with artefacts from a late Eighteenth Dynasty royal burial.

Discovery
The tomb was discovered in 1817 by the Italian explorer Giovanni Belzoni during his excavations in the Valley of the Kings. His investigation commenced close to the tomb of Ay (WV23), which he had discovered the previous year. The entrance was buried at a shallow depth and found to be blocked with large rocks. Returning the following day, further digging revealed a "well-built wall of stones of various sizes." Belzoni ordered the construction of a battering-ram, made from a large pole and a palm tree trunk, and used it to breach the blocking. "We immediately entered, and found ourselves on a staircase eight feet wide and ten feet high, at the bottom of which were four mummies in their cases, lying flat on the ground with their heads towards the outside. Farther on were four more, lying in the same direction." Belzoni noted that the mummies were much alike in their painted and varnished cases, although one was covered in a pall. Another was wrapped in finer-quality linen and garlands of leaves and flowers; it appeared to be re-wrapped as, upon investigation, all that remained of the mummy was yellow-coloured bones. Two large metal plates, one with wedjat-eyes, and the other in the shape of a winged disc were found in the wrappings.

Location and layout
The tomb is located approximately 100 m east of WV23. Carefully cut into a sloping hillside, the tomb is unfinished. The entrance stair and the first sloping passageway were completed before the tomb was abandoned. The entrance descent consists of seven stairs built of mud and rock on top of hard gravel; the lower eighteen stairs were cut from solid rock. The lowest stair and its meeting of the door posts was noted as being similar to the tomb of Ay. Schaden suggests that the tomb was abandoned due to a precarious overhang of boulders above entrance, or due to the poor quality of the upper rock layer. Another reason for abandonment would be Akhenaten's move of the capital to Amarna, if the tomb was indeed initiated for him.

Re-investigation
The tomb was excavated in mid-1972 by the University of Minnesota's Egyptian Expedition (UMEE) led by Otto Schaden. Initial excavations focused on attempting to locate foundation deposits, a common feature of royal tombs of the Eighteenth Dynasty. No deposit was found despite extensive trenching. However, large quantities of late Eighteenth Dynasty pottery were encountered in the course of those efforts. A single foundation pit was later discovered on the eastern side of the entrance by Richard H. Wilkinson in 2001; it was found relatively intact but empty. Wilkinson suggests that the deposit may have been discovered by Belzoni and emptied by him. Additionally, excavations the year prior, in 2000, found an area of churned up ground on the western side of the entrance, likely the product of Belzoni's work, which Wilkinson posits destroyed the foundation deposit on that side.

Excavation in the interior of the tomb found the stairway contained rock and fill; portions of the upper stairs, mummy wrappings and fragments were also encountered. The most significant find in this section was an ostracon depicting a seated man sketched in red ink and dating to the late Eighteenth Dynasty. No trace remained of the blocking at the bottom of the stairs encountered by Belzoni. The chamber at the base of the stairs contained the remains of the mummies encountered by Belzoni; they likely date to the Twenty-first to Twenty-second Dynasties based on the presence of cartonnage and a faience ushabti. Parts of the "yellow skeleton" were also found. Other artefacts from the tomb indicated a royal burial – parts of faience uraei, portions of a wooden flail, and the ears and feet of two wooden life-size guardian statues like the pair found in the tomb of Tutankhamun (KV62). On the basis of these finds, Schaden suggested that the tomb, if used at all in the late Eighteenth Dynasty, may have initially contained a royal burial, or that a royal burial, possibly Ay's (represented by the "yellow skeleton"), was relocated to the tomb. He also considers that the royal material is intrusive and instead comes from WV23, being deposited in WV25 by floodwater.

Intended ownership
The tomb is generally thought to be one of two candidates for Akhenaten's Theban tomb, the other being WV23. The tomb was certainly begun to receive a royal burial; Belzoni commented on the royal scale of the tomb in his account of its discovery. Later, Elizabeth Thomas drew attention to the royal nature of the projected layout of the tomb and suggested that the re-wrapped yellow skeleton possibly indicated a royal cache. Additionally, she mentioned the presence of a granite sarcophagus fragment. Schaden located this uninscribed pink granite fragment and identified it as part of a lid. He considered it to be of unknown origin, as it cannot be part of Ay's lid, of red granite, as it was found intact.

title: WV25


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Meaningless connection

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Sjakkalle (Check!)  10:27, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Meaningless connection
We don't need to catalogue every possible way of vandalising, I'm not quite sure what the point behind this page is. --W(t) 17:54, 2005 Jun 11 (UTC)
 * Delete. Actually, it wouldn't hurt to have a catalog of common forms of vandalism, so folks would have some guidance on things to look for. That being said, this ain't it. -- BD2412 talk 19:19, 2005 Jun 11 (UTC)
 * Keep. If this kind of vandalism never, or hardly ever, happens, edit the page to say so.  --Tony Sidaway|Talk 03:11, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Agree with Tony Sidaway. "Meaningless" has a propensity to be a subjective thing and I expect only extreme cases would find all agreeing that a particular connection is "meaningless". Therefore it is a subject of "vandalism" which is valid (although I expect incidences will more often than not be a case of mis-guided-ness than vandalism").
 * Delete I don't think the article makes sense. Even with a list of vandalism methods, we don't need articles like this for each one.  --Xcali 05:41, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. this should exist only as material in a page called Methods of vandalism or some such. The category Wikipedia Vandalism does not include any other articles about methods. Until there is an attempt at a more comprehensive approach to the subject, this article as such is meaningless. (Certainly no one is going to be searching under the term "Meaningless connection"). carmeld1 01:05, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I've started such an article - please expand, and merge the disputed article to it. -- BD2412 talk 03:46, 2005 Jun 13 (UTC)
 * I think Methods of vandalism duplicates Vandalism. Angela. 06:42, Jun 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I'm not convinced Meaningless connections should be called vandalism. If it really is vandalism, then it should be mentioned on Vandalism, not on its own page. Angela. 06:42, Jun 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


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Dumbarton (UK Parliament constituency)

Dumbarton was a burgh constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1983 until 2005. It was largely absorbed into the new constituency of West Dunbartonshire, with Helensburgh joining Argyll and Bute.

The Dumbarton constituency of the Scottish Parliament, which was created in 1999 with the same boundaries, continues to exist.

Boundaries
It consisted of the towns of Dumbarton, the Vale of Leven, and Helensburgh, plus a significant rural hinterland.

title: Dumbarton (UK Parliament constituency)