text:
Hakha

Hakha (, ; formerly rendered Haka ) is the capital of Chin State in Myanmar.

Hakha is located in the northeast of Chin State, with a total area of about 12.50 mi2. The city of Hakha is located on a plateau at more than 1,867 m above sea level. Although relatively small in area, it is the largest city of Chin State, as well as its capital city. It is estimated that Hakha has enough land and full capacity to extend to as ten times its current township area.

History
Hakha was founded in around 1400 CE by the Lai ethnic group. The area was ruled by local chiefs for many generations and consisted of more than 600 houses when British troops arrived in 1889.

The British occupied Hakha beginning on 19 January 1890, as part of their operation to "subdue the wild tribes" in the Arakan Hills Division, as the area was then called. The British government later established a sub-divisional office and Hakha became incorporated as a town a few years later.

The first American Baptist missionary couple, Arthur Carson (1860-1908) and his wife Laura (1858-1942), arrived in Hakha in 1899 and opened a mission station. Other missionaries later joined them and did extensive mission work throughout the Chin Hills, converting most of northern Chin State to Christianity within a century.

During the Second World War, Hakha was captured by Japanese troops on 11 November 1943; it was later recaptured by British troops.

When Burma gained independence from British control in 1948, Hakha became an important city as the center of one of the subdivisions in the Chin Special Division, of which Falam was the capital at that time. The Chin Special Division was abolished and reformed as Chin State in 1974, at which time Hakha became its capital. That brought an influx of government workers, and housing development and extension of the city. Hakha eventually became the largest city in the Chin State with about 20,000 people. Hakha became part of the newly formed Hakha District on 1 June 2012.

Geography and climate
The city is 6120 ft above sea level and lies at the foot of Rung Tlang (Mt. Rung), which is about 7543 ft high, one of the most famous mountain peaks in Chin State.

Hakha features a subtropical highland climate (Cwb) under the Köppen climate classification. It experiences three seasons: cool, warm, and rainy. Because of the high altitude, the temperatures tend to be much cooler than in the plains. Yearly rainfall averages about 72 in.

During the cool season, the days are pleasant to warm but the mornings are quite cold. Sometimes, the temperature drops to as low as -2 C. It is also windy and foggy in this season. In January 2009, a cold wave caused temperatures to drop to 0 C.

Culture

 * Chin State Cultural Museum
 * Rev. Van Hre Villa (Chin Traditional House)
 * Missionaries' Cemetery
 * East Bungalow
 * Hakha Baptist Church

Education

 * Hakha University
 * Hakha Educational College
 * Chin Christian University
 * Government Technical Institute, Hakha

Sport
The 4,000-seat Wanthu Maung Stadium, a home stadium for Chin United F.C, was under construction as of 2017.

title: Hakha


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Crithomancy

Crithomancy (also known as critomancy) is a form of divination by the study of barley cakes in hope of drawing omens from them. The paste of cakes which are offered in sacrifice is closely examined, and the sought-for answers are drawn from the flour which is spread upon them.

It was in use among the aborigines that lived in the Americas. The native tribes in what is now Arizona would have used a mixture of powdered grains as ritual sacrifice every morning and carried it around with them as well.

The term crithomancy (from Greek κριθή krithḗ) is also used for divination by cereal grains. The ancient Greek priests would have thought of as divining through the use of corn grains. The soothsayer would scatter the grains on either freshly sacrificed or soon to be sacrificed animals and read them for omens.

There were also incidents of this form of divination identified in ancient Egypt and Peru where medicine men would take signs from the shapes of randomly drawn grains of corn.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Crithomancy


text:
Talk:DeMontfort University

Why does this even have its own article? This information belongs in The Class Menagerie article. It should be merged or deleted. --Krishva 08:33, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Because it's no longer merely part of The Class Menagerie. It's also the setting of the new comic i.s.o..  It is not obscure outside the furry fandom. - Gilgamesh 13:20, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:DeMontfort University


text:
Category:CBM hardware

The category of CBM hardware includes computer hardware made by Commodore Business Machines, Inc. (CBM), a daughter company of Commodore International. Commonly referred to as Commodore, or CBM, the company was a significant home computer vendor during the 1980s.

title: Category:CBM hardware


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Tong

Tong may refer to:

Chinese

 * Tang dynasty, a dynasty in Chinese history when transliterated from Cantonese
 * Tong (organization), a type of social organization found in Chinese immigrant communities
 * tong, pronunciation of several Chinese characters
 * See:
 * The Chinese surnames Tang (唐 and 湯/汤) transliterated based on Cantonese
 * The Chinese surnames (佟, 童 and 仝) transliterated based on Mandarin
 * Tso/Tong land of Hong Kong

People

 * Tong (surname), a Gan Chinese of Zhang, (张), (莊), Cantonese of Tang (滕), (鄧), Beijing Chinese of Tung (佟)
 * Tong Dizhou (1902–1979)
 * Tong Fei (born 1961)
 * Tong Guan (1054–1126)
 * Tong Jian (born 1979)
 * Amy Tong (born 1977), American judoka
 * Anote Tong (born 1952)
 * Bao Tong (1932–2022), Director of the Office of Political Reform of the CPC Central Committee and the Policy Secretary of Zhao Ziyang
 * Grace Tong (born 1942)
 * Jacqueline Tong (born 1951)
 * Kaity Tong (born 1947)
 * Kelvin Tong
 * Kent Tong (born 1958)
 * Lim Goh Tong (1918–2007), Malaysian Chinese businessman
 * Ling Tong (189–237), military general of the state of Eastern Wu
 * Ly Tong (1945–2019), Vietnamese American anti-communist activist
 * Michael Tong (born 1969)
 * Pete Tong (born 1960), dance music DJ and radio presenter
 * Rona Tong (1916–2016), New Zealand athlete
 * Ronny Tong (born 1950)
 * Shen Tong (born 1968), Chinese dissident
 * Simon Tong (born 1972), English musician and member of The Verve
 * Stanley Tong (born 1960)
 * Tong Yabgu, a 7th-century Turkish khagan
 * Vincent Tong (actor) (born 1980)
 * Tong Wen (born 1983)
 * Wang Tong (disambiguation)
 * William Tong (born c. 1970)
 * Yang Tong (605–619)
 * Yeo Cheow Tong (born 1947)

Places

 * Tong, Shropshire, a village in Shropshire, England, UK
 * Tong Castle, a large country house in Shropshire, demolished in 1954
 * Tong, West Yorkshire, a village in England, UK
 * Tong (ward), an electoral division of the City of Bradford, West Yorkshire, England, UK
 * Tong, Lewis, a village in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland, UK
 * Tong, South Sudan, a town in Warrup State (also spelled Tonj)
 * Tong District, Issyk Kul Province, Kyrgyzstan

title: Tong


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Wikipedia talk:Today's featured article/June 3, 2005

Like other professional athletes, he was known for his unpredictable behaviour ...  Is that every professional athlete? I notice it's been removeved from the article itself, but not the main page 212.158.27.2 08:37, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Yikes. How did that slip in? My bad. →Raul654 08:39, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:World Hello Day

Untitled
There should also be a "Hello World Day" in honour of Dennis Ritchie. — J I P | Talk 08:37, Jun 3,2005 (UTC)

Why is this a Middle East related article? While the original conflict was in the Middle East, the holiday today, in its 35th year as of writing, has global significance. kevinthenerd (talk) 01:24, November 22,2007 (UTC)

Ugh, it's a chain letter! Say hello to ten people in the next 24 hours or the world will end! --NE2 00:42, 21 November 2008 (UTC)
 * Yeah it sounds pretty stupid to me. Chaparral2J (talk) 02:44, 21 November 2008 (UTC)

 * Joe the plumber.. Must he be on this page? 80.100.104.212 (talk) 12:11, 21 November 2008 (UTC)

Am I the only one who thinks this is complete bullshit? I think it should be deleted. M. Correia (talk) 16:12, 21 November 2010 (UTC)

I would not worry about the plagiarism (mentioned below). This whole thing (website and Wiki page) sound like the product of the two people mentioned in the article and might best be considered a vanity piece. Jnmwiki (talk) 15:47, 21 November 2017 (UTC)

This isn't "Widely celebrated"
I'm just finding out about this and it supposedly started in '73? Five and a half years ago, an anonymous user created this page, and we, not knowing if it was vandalism or not, decided to keep it. Or, at leadt that's what I deciphered from viewing the history. I know for a FACT that Celebrities, politicians, religious figures, etc. do NOT celebrate this crap. Also, the first link says that the Dalai Lama celebrates World Hello Day. That needs a source, not just saying it (Unless you are the Dalai Lama). Second link I can't even find it being mentioned at all. I call bullshit on this. Jackass2009 (talk) 00:40, 5 January 2011 (UTC)

Plagiarism Note
Most or all of the content after the first paragraph appears to be copied from http://www.worldhelloday.org/, which is listed under External Links but not References. Also I agree with User:Kevinthenerd in that this shouldn't be classified as a Middle-East Related Article. Dhmmjoph (talk) 10:02, 24 June 2012 (UTC)

title: Talk:World Hello Day


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Template talk:Tv-stub

Is there a reason the image of the television has been commented out of this? Aidan 08:37, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)

 * The current television is a copyrighted image from Photodisc's object series. It is not reproducible on Wikipedia. Someone uploaded it because it appeared on a NASA web site, but it is not a NASA image. NASA may have licensed it from PhotoDisc, but if they did that license does not turn it into a public-domain image, because it's not a picture shot by NASA. I've removed it from the template. Jsnell 19:45, 16 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Seriously, LifeIsUnfair, do you expect me to believe that you took a picture that is almost pixel-for-pixel identical to the infringing picture? If you've got a full-size version of your shot that proves that it's not just a rip-off of the PhotoDisc image, please link to it. Jsnell 06:18, 20 August 2005 (UTC)

 * No, I didn't take a picture that is almost pixel-for-pixel identical to the PhotoDisc image. I took a picture of a similar television set (a common item, in case you didn't realize), cropped out the background, removed the screen reflection, reduced the dimensions to 30x22 (which leaves very little room for disparity) and cleaned up the imperfections.  The model that I photographed has only one knob, so I simply copied and pasted it to create a second knob.  (The lower one is fake.)

 * Frankly, I'm offended by your refusal to assume good faith (even initially), the resultant accusations, and your decision to not bother leaving a note on my talk page. (Had I not been watching the tv-stub template, I never would have seen this discussion or learned of your false copyright infringement report.)  I made a special trip to my grandmother's house (when she wasn't even home to visit) to photograph that old TV set.  I did this in response to the inadvertent copyright violation that you brought to light, and this is the thanks that I get.

 * The full-size image is my property, and I will not release it onto the Internet at this time. I'm sorry that you aren't willing to trust my word.  —Lifeisunfair 19:58, 20 August 2005 (UTC)

 * 'edited': dropping the argument and trying to find a better alternative. see below. Jsnell 05:23, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

 * If it does infringe, revert back to the picture I made. It might not looks as "nice" but it's not infringing on anything. Havok  (T/C) 07:35, 20 August 2005 (UTC)

 * In the interests of being a good citizen, I've taken a picture of my own TV and made an icon out of it. I hope it suffices. Jsnell 05:20, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

 * It looks fine, but I could have taken a similar photograph (of a modern television monitor) without leaving the room that I'm sitting in. I went to the trouble of photographing my grandmother's old TV set because I wanted this template to retain its long-standing appearance, and to continue matching the style of the Radio-stub template (which contains an icon that I patterned after the infringing TV icon).  No offense, but replacing an image on the basis of a hunch that I'm a thief and a liar doesn't strike me as "being a good citizen."  —Lifeisunfair 07:48, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

 * At this point I have no evidence to dispute the claims of Lifeisunfair with regards to his image, so if he would rather re-point the image on this template to his image, I promise not to complain again. The old image was clearly in violation of copyright; Lifeisunfair's image is not, so that's a good thing. Jsnell 18:17, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Thank you. Please withdraw your copyright infringement reports (both here and at Wikimedia Commons).  —Lifeisunfair 19:32, 22 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Done. For what it's worth, it doesn't appear that Getty (purchasers of PhotoDisc) or any other stock-image companies stock the original image anymore, so I doubt anyone else will complain about the similarities between your image and the original Object Series image that NASA used on its website (and which was originally re-used on this page). Jsnell 01:13, 23 August 2005 (UTC)

interwiki
Please add bg:Шаблон:Телевизия-мъниче. Thanks. --Petar Petrov 17:42, 7 March 2007 (UTC)
 * Done. ~ Amalas rawr  =^_^=  15:14, 23 March 2007 (UTC)

Please replace icon with .svg version
Could you please replace this .png icon to its .svg version  — zero » 15:52, 1 April 2007 (UTC)

 * The template has been unprotected, but that isn't "its .svg version." It's a totally different (and less realistic) image.  What's wrong with the current one?  —David Levy 16:13, 1 April 2007 (UTC)

 * That was not a "minor" edit (especially after a fellow editor expressed disapproval of the change). —David Levy 16:19, 1 April 2007 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Tv-stub


text:
Talk:Jūrmala

Untitled
I keep misreading the title as Jumala, which is the Finnish word for God. — J I P | Talk 08:38, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Etymology of the name
Jūrmala sounds like an Estonian or Finnish place name. Does the etymology have known Uralic influence? Or is it the other way round? Matti Nuortio, Oulu, Finland (talk) 01:11, 6 February 2014 (UTC)

sourced a comment...
I replaced this:

 * Many tourism speculators label Jūrmala as a town waiting to be rediscovered.

With a reference to the Lonely Planet guide to the region, which is highly complimentary.

I suspect the Lonely Planet writer may however have been a Pom, however...--Robert Merkel 20:56, 4 August 2006 (UTC)

I do not agree with the statement that Jurmala is no longer a destination for Russian elite. It's become very popular again. Many Russian festivals are held in Jurmala in the summer.

Removals
I've taken down the paragraphs which sound like the Jurmala tourist board wrote them. Perhaps someone can rewrite them to detail the resort facilities without sounding too like they are trying to advertise the resort. Lstanley1979 (talk) 21:53, 1 March 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Jūrmala. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20051029022601/http://www.jurmala.lv/en/turistiem/Citi/Default.aspx to http://www.jurmala.lv/en/turistiem/Citi/Default.aspx

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 22:22, 2 September 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jūrmala


text:
User:Tim Ivorson/Sandbox

 * Official website
 * Official website

title: User:Tim Ivorson/Sandbox


text:
Freibergite

Freibergite is a complex sulfosalt mineral of silver, copper, iron, antimony and arsenic with formula (Ag,Cu,Fe)12(Sb,As)4S13. It has cubic crystals and is formed in hydrothermal deposits. It forms one solid solution series with tetrahedrite and another with argentotennantite. Freibergite is an opaque, metallic steel grey to black and leaves a reddish-black streak. It has a Mohs hardness of 3.5 to 4.0 and a specific gravity of 4.85 to 5. It is typically massive to granular in habit with no cleavage and an irregular fracture.

The mineral was first described in 1853 from an occurrence in the silver mines of the type locality at Freiberg, Saxony.

title: Freibergite


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Leszczyński

The House of Leszczyński (, ; plural: Leszczyńscy, feminine form: Leszczyńska) was a prominent Polish noble family. They were magnates in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and later became the royal family of Poland.

History
The Leszczyński family was a magnate family. In 1473, Rafał Leszczyński obtained from Emperor Frederick III the title of count. This title was conferred on "the entire family". The last representative of the main family, Stanisław Leszczyński, King of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania and later Duke of Lorraine, died in 1766.

The family name derives from Leszczyna, now a suburb of Leszno, Greater Poland. The Leszczyński family obtained the title of count of Leszno in the Holy Roman Empire. The family had its greatest importance in the late 16th and early 17th centuries, when they were ardent supporters of Calvinism and turned their estates of Leszno and Baranów Sandomierski into major centres of the Polish Reformed Church.

There is another unrelated Leszczyński family with the Abdank coat of arms.

Coat of arms and motto
The Leszczyński family used the Clan Wieniawa arms, and their motto was Qui Lescynsciorum genus ignorat, Poloniae ignorat.

Notable family members

 * Rafał Leszczyński (died 1441), Podkomorzy of Kalisz, general starost of Wielkopolska, progenitor of the Leszczyński family
 * Rafał Leszczyński (c. 1526–1592), Voivode of Brześć Kujawski Voivodeship and castellan of Śrem
 * Wacław Leszczyński (1576–1628), Voivode of Kalisz Voivodship, Great Chancellor of the Crown
 * Rafał Leszczyński (1579–1636), Voivode of Belz Voivodship, leader of Polish Calvinists
 * Jan Leszczyński (1603–1678), Great Chancellor of the Crown
 * Wacław Leszczyński (1605–1666), Bishop of Warmia, Primate of Poland
 * Przecław Leszczyński (1605–1670), Voivode of Dorpat Voivodship
 * Andrzej Leszczyński (1606–1651), Palatine of Dorpat Voivodship
 * Andrzej Leszczyński (1608–1658), Primate of Poland, Great Chancellor of the Crown
 * Bogusław Leszczyński (1614–1659), Grand Treasurer and Deputy Chancellor of the Crown
 * Jan Leszczyński (died 1657), Bishop of Kijów (Kyiv, also Kiev)
 * Samuel Leszczyński (1637–1676), poet, Voivode of Dorpat Voivodship
 * Rafał Leszczyński (1650–1703), Grand Treasurer of the Crown
 * Stanisław Leszczyński (1677–1766), King of Poland and later Duke of Lorraine, married Catherine Opalińska
 * Maria Leszczyńska (1703–1768), Queen of France, married to Louis XV of France

Famous descendants
Among the descendants of Stanislaw Leszczyński were four Kings of France and Navarre, two Kings of the Two Sicilies, two Kings of Etruria, two Kings of Italy (simultaneously one Emperor of Ethiopia and one King of the Albanians), six Kings and one Queen of Spain, two Emperors of Brazil (simultaneously one King of Portugal and Algarve), five Kings and one Queen of Portugal and Algarve, one Emperor of Austria (simultaneously one King of Hungary), five Kings of Saxony, four Kings of Belgium, one King of Bavaria, two Tsars of Bulgaria, three Kings of Romania, one King of Yugoslavia, two Princes of Lichtenstein, two Grand Dukes and two Grand Duchess of Luxembourg, several Queen consorts and several titular Kings.

Tree

 * Stanisław Leszczyński, married Catherine Opalińska
 * Maria Leszczyńska, married Louis XV of France
 * Louise Élisabeth of France, married Philip, Duke of Parma
 * Princess Isabella of Parma, married Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
 * Ferdinand, Duke of Parma, married Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria
 * Princess Carolina of Parma, married Prince Maximilian of Saxony (descendant of King John III Sobieski)
 * Princess Maria Anna of Saxony (1799–1832)
 * Archduchess Auguste Ferdinande of Austria
 * Ludwig III of Bavaria Królewska.png
 * Frederick Augustus II of Saxony Królewska.png
 * John of Saxony Królewska.png
 * Princess Elisabeth of Saxony
 * Margherita of Savoy
 * Victor Emmanuel III of Italy Królewska.pngKrólewska.pngKrólewska.png
 * Umberto II of Italy Królewska.png
 * Giovanna of Italy
 * Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha Królewska.png
 * Albert of Saxony Królewska.png
 * Frederick Augustus I of Saxony Królewska.png
 * George, King of Saxony Królewska.png
 * Frederick Augustus III of Saxony Królewska.png
 * Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony (1867–1944)
 * Charles I of Austria Królewska.pngKrólewska.png
 * Otto von Habsburg
 * Maria Josepha Amalia, Queen of Spain
 * Louis, King of Etruria Królewska.png
 * Charles II, Duke of Parma Królewska.png
 * Maria Luisa, Queen of Spain
 * Carlota Joaquina of Spain
 * Miguel I of Portugal Królewska.png
 * Infanta Maria Josepha of Portugal
 * Marie-Adélaïde, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg Crown of the Grand Duke of Luxembourg.svg
 * Charlotte, Grand Duchess of Luxembourg Crown of the Grand Duke of Luxembourg.svg
 * Jean, Grand Duke of Luxembourg Crown of the Grand Duke of Luxembourg.svg
 * Elisabeth of Bavaria, Queen of Belgium
 * Leopold III of Belgium Królewska.png
 * Baudouin of Belgium Królewska.png
 * Albert II of Belgium Królewska.png
 * Philippe of Belgium Królewska.png, married to Queen Mathilde of Belgium, the daughter of Countess Anna Maria Komorowska (the current reigning King of Belgium)
 * Princess Joséphine Charlotte of Belgium
 * Henri, Grand Duke of Luxembourg Crown of the Grand Duke of Luxembourg.svg (the current reigning Grand Duke of Luxembourg)
 * Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal
 * Archduchess Elisabeth Amalie of Austria
 * Franz Joseph II, Prince of Liechtenstein Princely Hat.svg
 * Hans-Adam II, Prince of Liechtenstein Princely Hat.svg (the current reigning Prince of Liechtenstein)
 * Pedro I of Brazil Królewska.pngKrólewska.png
 * Pedro II of Brazil Królewska.png
 * Maria II of Portugal Królewska.png
 * Pedro V of Portugal Królewska.png
 * Luís I of Portugal Królewska.png
 * Carlos I of Portugal Królewska.png
 * Manuel II of Portugal Królewska.png
 * Infanta Antónia of Portugal
 * Ferdinand I of Romania Królewska.png
 * Carol II of Romania Królewska.png
 * Michael I of Romania Królewska.png
 * Margareta of Romania Królewska.png
 * Maria of Yugoslavia
 * Peter II of Yugoslavia Królewska.png
 * Maria Luisa of Spain, Duchess of Lucca
 * Ferdinand VII of Spain Królewska.png
 * Isabella II of Spain Królewska.png
 * María Isabella of Spain
 * Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies Królewska.png
 * Francis II of the Two Sicilies Królewska.png
 * Prince Alfonso, Count of Caserta
 * Prince Carlos of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
 * Princess María de las Mercedes of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
 * Juan Carlos I of Spain Królewska.png
 * Felipe VI of Spain Królewska.png (the current reigning King of Spain)
 * Ferdinand VII of Spain
 * Isabella II of Spain
 * Alfonso XII of Spain Królewska.png
 * Alfonso XIII of Spain Królewska.png
 * Louis Ferdinand
 * Louis XVI of France Królewska.png
 * Louis XVII of France
 * Louis XVIII of France Królewska.png
 * Charles X of France Królewska.png
 * Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême Królewska.png
 * Princess Louise Marie Thérèse of Artois
 * Robert I, Duke of Parma Królewska.png
 * Marie Louise of Bourbon-Parma
 * Boris III of Bulgaria Królewska.png

title: Leszczyński


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Richter Hall

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was - should be merged somewhere - SimonP 13:52, Jun 18, 2005 (UTC)

Richter Hall
Delete or Merge. Not notable enough for its own article--this is a place in an already obscure web comic, The Class Menagerie --Krishva 08:42, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete as obscure. Karol 08:43, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)

 * Merge with DeMontfort University. Richter Hall is well known to the furry fandom, and is already featured in no less than three comics now.  See also Votes for deletion/DeMontfort University. - Gilgamesh 13:19, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong Keep. Vote put up on VfD by user who (along with one or two others) are attempting to have deleted or speedily deleted every furry-related page on Wikipedia.   Almafeta
 * Merge, along with DeMontfort University, and inserted as sections of The Class Menagerie article. These articles do not stand by itself strong enough to merit its own articles. Please note I have removed the personal attack made by the user Almafeta against the user Krishva. -- Grumpyhan 15:16, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Please do not edit another user's comments. Almafeta 15:33, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Please do not assume others' intentions and jump to conclusions, either. Every furry-related page! - Grumpyhan 15:38, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Please avoid making personal attacks. I'm out to make articles concise (which furry articles for the most part are not) and remove inappropriately obscure articles, regardless of topic. --Krishva 04:02, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge somewhere
 * Merge. If there's no standalone entry for, say, Robot Hell from Futurama, there doesn't need to be one for this.216.158.31.195 17:03, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The difference between this and that is that Robot Hell is only in Futurama, and not also in, say, The Simpsons. This is a topic shared across multiple story series. - Gilgamesh 17:44, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The difference between this and that is that Futurama is arguably general pop culture, whereas the three story series you reference occupy a niche (webcomics) of a niche culture (furrydom). 216.158.31.195 18:16, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * So? Since when do niche interests of niche cultures not deserve due attention? - Gilgamesh 20:21, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Uhrm, because it's non-notable? -- Grumpyhan 05:55, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * But it is notable. - Gilgamesh 16:06, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * How? - Grumpyhan 04:11, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Gamaliel 18:19, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge into I.s.o.. A и D я 01D  TALK  EMAIL  02:51, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
User:Wikistar~enwiki

...

title: User:Wikistar~enwiki


text:
Talk:School counselor

Recommendation for cleanup
Hlsmoot (talk) 20:23, 23 June 2023 (UTC)
 * Created Separate Pages for Different Countries?
 * I removed a large section that included various countries and whether or not school counseling was implemented. This seemed to take up space and make it difficult to read. Additionally there were disproportionate amounts of information, with the majority of information falling under the United States. I strived to find new information for other countries, but it was difficult. With that being said, there is still a portion of this article dedicated to different countries, but should there be individual school counselor pages for different countries? Meaning this page would become School Counselor US and additional pages would become School Counselor France, School counselor India, etc.

 * The discussion on high school guidance counselors is great. However, make sure to use punctuation correctly when quoting articles.  — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jew82 (talk • contribs) 02:12, 2 May 2012 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure my article needs cleanup.

 * I am. You shouldn't be using "smart quotes". The paragraphs are too long. Also, please read WP: ~ . r3m0t talk 09:06, Jun 2, 2005 (UTC)

 * *I have read the signature talk page, it says that you should sign your talk pages--which I do usually, I just forgot or something happened in this case. As for smart quotes, I did not realize I used smart quotes. And how are my paragraphs too long? --whicky1978 03:51, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC).

 * *The headings are formatted incorrectly. The links were formatted incorrectly. The paragraphs are too long. It only mentions the US. r3m0t talk 08:46, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)

 * You may consider redrafting the first paragraph where Frank Parsons is mentioned. Generally speaking, Frank Parsons name is linked with 1909, when his book was published. You are correct, however, in noting that he founded his community-based program in 1908. (He died before it ever opened its doors though). You may check out Sweeney's chapter in the Locke, Herr, and Myers (2003) Handbook of Counseling and/or Herr's chapter in Brad Erford's 2003 book, Transforming the School Counseling Profession.  As an aside, I applaud you for taking on the task of trying to explain school counseling internationally. This is not easy as educational and vocational guidance exist widely, but school counseling with a personal/social, career, educational emphasis is not as widespread. DMParedes 21:57, 17 January 2007 (UTC)

The US section reads like a promotional piece for the ASCA. The effect is a history of the ASCA accomplishments, not a neutral view of the practices in general. Figureitout3 (talk) 16:48, 19 July 2017 (UTC)

Long paragraphs

 * I don't think the paragraphs are too long, unless there is some rule. It only mentions the U.S. because I only know about the U.S., and I have searched the internet, and it seems that only the U.S. has school counselors. Also, there are no school counselors in North Korea. School Counseling may be an american thing, itf's history is rooted in Anmerican government and American history. Other countries maybe have something similar like career guidance counselors, but they don't have the exact same thing. Even more, they probably don't have counselors k-12, but only high school. If you mean my links in my references, they are in APA style, in fact the whole article resembles APA style. Also, how are my headings wrong? --whicky1978 06:02, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)

School counseling abroad

 * Although I have searched the professional literature on school counseling in other countries and the WWW, but came up empty. I am going to add a section stub on the topic. whicky1978 06:24, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC) 06:17, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)

Request for peer review
I have requested that this article be peer revied, in regards to content, it needs to be reviewed by those knowlegible in the field, i.e. school counselors. whicky1978 06:24, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)

Simple English Version
I know that wikipedia has a simple English version, and I plan to make an article for that, so I don't see why these paragraphs are too long. whicky1978 06:25, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)

Peer Review Request
The Peer Review Request has been removed, because it was never completed. Does that mean that I am the only school counseling expert on wikipedia?--whicky1978 15:40, Jun 23, 2005 (UTC)

I have re-added the peer review request, and I have asked for help with this article from others on the ASCA message board. I have asked them to edit this page thierself, or give me the info. to edit it.whicky1978 18:39, 14 January 2006 (UTC)

Since I'm new to this, I am a bit unsure as to how to edit things so I simply will leave a message and info this way. I am a school counselor and psychologist in California. First of all, while it is true indeed that California only requires school counselors to have a bachelor's degree as far as degrees go, we are subject to practicum hours (in a graduate program) and must meet criteria in order to obtain the required Pupil Personnel Services credential in School Counseling so that we can work in the schools.

 * I am a School Counselor Educator, and will help. Kukini 17:57, 30 January 2006 (UTC)

I am a graduate student in a Masters in School Counseling Program in California, and the article looks pretty accurate to me. I will graduate in May 2006, and all of the job postings I have looked at require a Masters; however, the state of California may not require it. You could include references to the ASCA National Model and National Standards, as well as Gysbers and Hendersons model for a comprehensive program.

added more info.
I have added more info. and expanded the school counseling article, I have also added a pictures. More pictures would be helpful. Also, if we expanded the sections for elementary, middle, and high school counselor, or school counseling aborad, then I think we could take a shot, and apply for "featured article" status.whicky1978 18:37, 17 June 2006 (UTC)

Nominations
This article qualifies as a Class A article. It is well referenced with scholarly sources, it is peer reviewed, and it has a google ranking of 19, MSN of 35, and Yahoo! ranking of two. It attempts to be NPOV by including school counseling abroad as well as th US.whicky1978talk 19:49, 26 June 2006 (UTC)

Nearly 100 million hits with google, when you add spelling variations. And search for synonyms such as guidance counselor or educational counselor.

Comments from Version 0.5 review
I wanted to pass this for Version 0.5, I have certain reservations. The article is heavily weighted towards the US, and this is fairly reasonable if the overview "mainly in the US and Canada" is true. That leaves me with a couple of unanswered questions, though: I'd like to include the article in Version 0.5, we need more general articles on education areas, but it really needs to cover the perspectives from some other countries. If you find the right book it should cover this. I have held the nomination open in the hope you can fix this soon. Thanks, Walkerma 03:35, 17 July 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) What is the situation in Canada (professional bodies, certification, differences from US, etc)? I didn't notice any mention of this.
 * 2) How is this role covered in other countries?  I find it hard to believe that the rest of the word finishes school without a word of advice from someone - who is that someone?  In the UK, for example, I believe that the person is called a "career adviser" (may be spelt advisor) (such as this person).  I have no idea what these people are called in France, Germany, Japan, South Africa, India, China, Eqypt, but I expect they exist - perhaps as a tutor, or a designated teacher.
 * Perhaps the French Wikipedia article could help with the French perspective? Walkerma 03:05, 21 July 2006 (UTC)

 * It seems this problem will take a while to address, so we won't be including the article in V0.5. If you can get a wider viewpoint, please nominate it for a later version, we would like to include it! Walkerma 16:19, 10 August 2006 (UTC)

Education category
I see EVERY reason why School Counselors belong in the education category and no reason why it does not. Please do not revert the category without discussion and consensus. Thank you, Kukini 19:03, 26 August 2006 (UTC)
 * After looking over the category, it appears to be quite narrowed from what I thought it was. There appear to be no other professional educational disciplines in the general category. I am thus reverting myself. Kukini 19:40, 26 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Possibly the solution is to create School counseling (counselling?) as a subcategory of education in the same way as Educational psychology or Educational philosophy. And then School counselor would be categorized under both Education and School counseling by virtue of it being the main article for the new category. This presumes that School counseling currently redirects to School counselor (I haven't checked). Sorry if this seems convoluted. Nesbit 19:52, 26 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Great feedback! I will look into doing this. School counseling does redirect to School counselor at present. Kukini 19:59, 26 August 2006 (UTC)
 * Ok, good. It would still be a minor anomaly because, as you say, it is the only occupation at the top level. But it's pretty easy to defend because the School counselor article is the main article for the whole field of school counseling, which, as a category, will probably grow over the years to include many articles. Another advantage of this solution is that it gives a more precise categorization of School psychology which would then be categorized under both Educational psychology and School counseling. The way to make the whole thing completely consistent would be to rename the article School counseling, but I can see some reasons why you might not want to do that and it's really not necessary in my opinion. Nesbit 20:15, 26 August 2006 (UTC)

Yes, the following redirect to "school counselor": Guidance counselor, guidance counsellor, educational counselor, educational counsellor, school counseling, and school counselling. I made sure of that when I first wrote it.whicky1978talk 00:33, 19 November 2006 (UTC)

Good article?
Who listed this as a good article? It's completely US-centered, with a tiny section about "international" counseling. The word "international" is used here in the sense of "not American"; which is ridiculous for a global encyclopedia, considering the meaning of "international" (that is "between nations", but the section only explains a Korean domestic policy). Perhaps it should be moved to "School counselors in the United States"; meanwhile it will have a bias template.--cloviz 19:47, 3 December 2006 (UTC)
 * There is no worldwide view on the subject. The occupation is popular as proved by search engine rankings, but is not found worldwide as it is described in the article. Therefore, there is no bias. Unfortunately, no one seems available to provide internation expertise on the subject.whicky1978talk 03:58, 27 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Also, I have made attempts to globalize the article by posting in ASCA's forum, but with little sucess.whicky1978talk 05:51, 29 December 2006 (UTC)
 * This article is currently at Good Article Review. Teemu08 07:50, 13 April 2007 (UTC)
 * The rationale that this article is written only from an American perspective is a tad problematic as, to my knowledge, there are no (or very few, if any) school counseling associations outside the United States to date and that school counseling itself is an American-based profession. Thus, the argument that this article fails the broadness criteria is based on a pretty limited perspective of school counseling.  K u k i ni  hablame aqui 22:07, 19 April 2007 (UTC)

Only in America is student support called 'school counselling'. In the UK, it is still usually called pastoral care and the role is carried out by practising teachers called Heads of Year or Heads of House. My international school in Hong Kong calls it student development and the role is carried out by Heads of College. Every school in the world has some kind of system to support the well-being of their students and they should all be reflected in this article. The title of 'School Counsellor' might be reasonably particular to the US, but the job and the duties are not.92.6.73.229 (talk) 01:11, 16 August 2011 (UTC)SamR

GA Review
In a 6 to 2 vote, this article has been delisted, in addition to the American perspective thing as the primary rationale, there were also a few other concerns. Review archived here: Good article review/Archive 16. Homestarmy 18:11, 3 May 2007 (UTC)

Not an American website.
Umm, I'm finding that this page is dedicated to the US only. The existance of a section titled "in other countries" proves that the rest of the article is done from the wrong perspective. Let's not be biased here. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.151.255.102 (talk) 19:26, 10 November 2008 (UTC)
 * Feel free to add from other perspectives. It does seem that the globalize tag is a bit of an overstatement, as school counseling is far more predominant in the US than anywhere else. People have made efforts to internationalize this and I am sure will continue to do so as the information arises. I am removing the tag as it seems somewhat heavy-handed. -- K u k i ni  háblame aquí 00:28, 27 January 2009 (UTC)

Only in America is student support called 'school counselling'. In the UK, it is still usually called pastoral care and the role is carried out by practising teachers called Heads of Year or Heads of House. My international school in Hong Kong calls it student development and the role is carried out by Heads of College. Every school in the world has some kind of system to support the well-being of their students and they should all be reflected in this article. The title of 'School Counsellor' might be reasonably particular to the US, but the job and the duties are not. 92.6.73.229 (talk) 01:13, 16 August 2011 (UTC)SamR

First Paragraph Needs to be Rewritten
The first paragraph seems like something out of a cheezy brochure and doesn't say much that is intelligible or meaningful. I'd hope someone who knows more about the subject than me might rewrite it.--Nogburt (talk) 22:21, 19 July 2010 (UTC)

Other countries do support their students...
Only in America is student support called 'school counselling'. In the UK, it is still usually called pastoral care and the role is carried out by practising teachers called Heads of Year or Heads of House. My international school in Hong Kong calls it student development and the role is carried out by Heads of College. Every school in the world has some kind of system to support the well-being of their students and they should all be reflected in this article. The title of 'School Counsellor' might be reasonably particular to the US, but the job and the duties are not. Perhaps the title and the contents of this page should be adapted to recognise the entire international educational teaching and learning community. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 92.6.73.229 (talk) 01:15, 16 August 2011 (UTC)

I would like to add a new reference but unsure how to do it
I would like to also add to the job growth paragraph: As of 2011, many positions in the school counseling field specifically in the United States have been eliminated due to budget cuts in the school system. In some areas, job competition is high for few positions. http://www.schoolcounselor.co

That is a .co (not a .com). CounselorMom (talk) 18:03, 30 August 2011 (UTC)
 * schoolcounselor.co is a parked domain and schoolcounselor.com is probably not an appropriate reference for these claims. -- Beland (talk) 00:16, 20 September 2019 (UTC)

K-12 students
Can someone tell me - preferably in the intro para to this entry, what a K-12 student is, please? I'm sure most people reading this know it already, but I don't, despite being reasonably well informed on other stuff. I think it is more important that wikipedia increases the knowledge of those who don't know things than that it merely confirms the knowledge of those who do (though of course both functions are important in their different ways). And in all countries where I've lived, whether or not where English is the mother tongue of most folks, the teaching profession seems to be particularly prone to jargon. Well, I hope I don't tread on too many toes if I venture, with appropriate humility, the opinion that in the context of a need and genuine wish to expand knowledge, the jargonistas are far too influential in our own time. And thank you and happy day ... Charles01 (talk) 09:43, 11 July 2013 (UTC)

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Ratios
This article could use a lot more statistics on student:counselor ratios. This recent article highlights disparities within the United States and within school districts across Massachusetts. Some states have mandated levels, but in many cases it seems to depend on local funding, with low-income communities having higher ratios. Many schools in Boston apparently depend on non-profit assistance. -- Beland (talk) 00:22, 20 September 2019 (UTC)

Wkalu8475@gmail.com
Hello I am winner kalu and I'm looking for admission in Trinity University I need a counsellor who can help me and I've not seen any so I hope you could help me it actually a University of aid I need a help I need a counselor thank you Wavyjay12 (talk) 16:56, 7 June 2021 (UTC)

Proposal to replace Template:Educational research with the Template:Education
The Template:Educational research box should be removed from this article for the reasons discussed here: Template talk:Educational research. Sda030 (talk) 15:39, 13 February 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Adult Development Spring 2023
— Assignment last updated by Hlsmoot (talk) 19:33, 13 June 2023 (UTC) Hi there, I am wanting to edit this article but I am not exactly sure where to start. I feel like as a whole, the article needs to be updated, reorganized, and perhaps separated into various articles. Let me know if there is a specific area I need to address first. Hlsmoot (talk) 19:40, 20 June 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:School counselor


text:
Talk:Repton (video game)

Rename 'The Repton Series'?
As this article covers many different games, should it not be renamed 'The Repton Series' with redirects from each individual game title? The other alternative would be splititng the article but I think it works well as one big article. -- Retro junkie 01:35, 28 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I don't know whether there's any point in actually moving the article, but redirects are always useful, so I have now created several, both from variants of The Repton Series and from individual game titles. Let me know if I've missed any. Thanks Paul20070 21:47, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

Language
Could anyone tell me what language the BBC games were written in? Raw assembler? Surely not BASIC? Or did they have C compilers then?

 * Pretty sure it would have been developed in raw assmebler (machine code). Most games were. In general the BASIC interpreter is too slow to do any kind of slick animation/scrolling/special effects (Much to my frustration as a kid!) Although some games were cunningly designed to work around such limitations, or to use embedded blocks of assmebly code within the BASIC code... most of the more slick games like Repton, were machine code from top to bottom. -- Nojer2 13:39, 19 December 2006 (UTC)

Boulderdash clone?
Isn't Repton essentially a (nice) Boulder Dash clone? If so, then the article should definitely say so.--Malcohol 08:46, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Certainly not! Both belong to the same genre -- to attempt to summarise briefly, a series of levels, each a square grid, with a player-controlled character who moves around one square at a time; the level is filled with puzzle objects that interact with the player in different ways. I don't know which game was the first of this genre, but I'd bet there were others even before Boulder Dash. Aside from that, though, the similarities are few. Both games contain a lot of types of object that don't appear in the other, and that leads to the two games having completely different "feels" when you play them. -- 11 July 2005 10:05

The other Repton
There is, confusingly, another well-known home computer game from the period called Repton. It's a Defender-inspired game for the Apple II, Atari 8-bit, and Commodore 64. Mirror Vax 1 July 2005 20:43 (UTC)

The Reception section of this article erroneously refers to the other Repton and should perhaps be revised or removed. DavidBoddie (talk) 17:13, 23 February 2015 (UTC)

Screenshots
The screenshots seem to be just of the Electron version, and not the original BBC version. They differed in many ways. AFAIR, the Electron version didn't use hardware scrolling, which permitted the status bar down the side. 213.120.158.228 21:20, 23 September 2006 (UTC)

Repton Thru Time
i'm sure someone will disagree with what I'm about to say, but I have recently been playing the flash version of Repton Thru Time, and found that one of the levels (Pre-History) is impossible to complete. This is on account of having to collect one of the keys from underneath a boulder situated between two trees. If you collect this key, then attempt to move, the boulder falls and crushes the game's eponimous hero. You may think at this point 'No worries, I've still got two lives', but you re-materialise back at the beginning, where you will eventually find that your path has been blocked by more boulders which have fallen as you've collected the berries. Have a go if you don't believe me.

I can't speak for the other levels of the game as Pre-History did my head in so much I eventually gave up.

81.152.222.87 19:38, 20 June 2007 (UTC)

 * If this object is indeed a key, then it does not need to be collected in order to complete the screen. Only one key has to be collected, not all of them.  In any case, you'd be better off asking this on a BBC games forum such as the ones at stairwaytohell.com.  —Blotwell 14:58, 21 June 2007 (UTC)

Hi. Thanks for getting back to me. I knew someone would disagree with me - and now I'm going to disagree with myself. After I posted my comment the other day, I had a go at the Victorian level and found I was able to complete this one. I guess I must be doing something wrong with Pre-History therefore, so I will ask someone at the site you suggested. Thanks again. 81.152.223.30 22:09, 22 June 2007 (UTC)

I wrote the flash version of the repton games, and although i've tried to recreate the logic of the gameplay as close as i can, i have done this by eye. I know for sure the 1st level of prehistoric is probably impossible as when the game starts the spirits on the real game just off the start viewing area all move into cages. On my version there is one cage left. I have no idea why this is as the spirits just follow the wall in (As far as i can tell) exactly the same way as the original. I did my best. :) You can actually skip to the later levels by clicking on the 0 in the box at the start and using the cursor keys to adjust the level. 218.162.183.34 13:03, 18 July 2007 (UTC)

Hi there. I hope I didn't offend you with my comments about Repton Thru Time. I was unfamiliar with the game at the time I wrote my message, having never actually played any of the original Repton series, so I thought that any programming mistakes must have been something to do with the original design and not the flash version. Therefore, please accept my apologies. Also, thanks for the advice on skipping levels as I did not know you could do this. 81.152.217.198 09:46, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * (The object between two trees on Prehist Screen A is actually a time capsule; these do not need to be collected at all unless you need to replenish your time to avoid losing a life. On this screen you have plenty of time so you can just leave the time capsule alone. I know you say you've passed the level now but I'm clarifying so that people aren't given a misleading impression about the game being impossible.) 91.105.55.182 01:41, 14 September 2007 (UTC)

For those who are interested in such matters here is a list of the Repton levels which I have found are impossible to complete (for whatever reason that may be).

 * Repton Thru Time
 * Prehist: Level A
 * Victorian: Level C
 * Victorian: Level H
 * Repton Around The World In 40 Screens
 * America: Level F
 * Arctic: Level E

This list is by no means exhaustive and there may be others. I haven't got round to playing all the levels on all the games yet. Watch this space. 217.43.192.135 21:42, 25 September 2007 (UTC)

 * The Life of Repton
 * Work: Level D —Preceding unsigned comment added by 217.43.195.39 (talk) 16:44, 28 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Work: Level G —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.152.148.92 (talk) 19:56, 2 October 2007 (UTC)

 * We're now invited to create user IDs and log in so we can compare our scores with those of other players. Would help if the glitches were sorted out. Egdirf 19:42, 10 October 2007 (UTC)

 * I hate to say this, but you may be giving up too easily when you get stuck on a puzzle. All levels of the Repton games are possible to complete. (Though it does depend on which version you are using; some unofficial versions have gameplay bugs that make certain levels impossible, for example by making the fungus grow much faster than on the "real" Repton games.) Work D, for example, is one of the levels I completed on the original BBC version when I had it as a child.

 * I have written solutions to all the Repton 3 and Life of Repton levels, which can be downloaded from http://www.stairwaytohell.com . I haven't got round to writing up the Around the World and Thru Time levels yet but I have completed them all and they are all possible. 91.105.27.2 19:54, 11 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Wait a second. Prehist A? Is the problem that one of the spirits is going in an endless little circle? If so, that shouldn't happen but I can explain why it does. Let me know if that is your problem. 91.105.27.2 20:08, 11 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks for getting back to me. Yes, that's right, the spirits do go round in endless circles. I also had the same thing happen on the two Victorian levels I mentioned, and Life of Repton Work Level G. The problem on the Life of Repton Work level D, meanwhile, seems to be with the transporters. Use one and you are transported out of the game rather than to another area of the screen. Repton is then able to pass through walls and deadly objects, but can no longer collect any of the things needed to complete the level. This also happens on Level A, but it is possible to complete this level without using the transporter.

 * As regards the Around the World series, I think you might be right there. I should probably persevere a bit more, although I spent several hours on the particular levels, and there seemed to be no way through to the end. In the Arctic level, for example, the route to the ice pick that is needed to unlock the safes is apparently blocked by thin ice, with no way of reaching it.

 * Like you say, however, I might be giving up too early. I'll keep trying though, but will also keep an eye on the stairwaytohell website in case I'm still stuck.

 * Once again, thanks for getting back to me on this and hopefully you may be able to remedy the problem. 81.156.154.83 22:06, 11 November 2007 (UTC)

 * PS: Forgot to say the other day that the spirits also go around in endless circles on other Victorian levels, although it is possible to correct this by dropping/pushing a boulder on them. This is definitely the case in levels E and G (I think, but have never been able to get that one right). It can't be done in C and H though. 217.43.195.174 12:25, 13 November 2007 (UTC)

 * OK. The issue is that each of the Repton 3 packs (Repton 3 itself, Around the World, Life of Repton and Thru Time) includes the levels and the game engine, but the versions of the game engine are not identical. The three add-on packs use a later version with a different algorithm for deciding which direction a spirit first tries to move as you start the level. On the old version that came with Repton 3, spirits would always start by trying to move west, and if this was blocked they would follow the walls to their left as they normally do. This means that if you play some of the later levels, such as Prehist A, on the Repton 3 game engine, the spirits start off dazed because they start by trying to move west and have no wall to take hold of. To complete the levels, you need to play them on the later version of the game engine.

 * On Work D, it depends on which transporter is malfunctioning; you don't need the second one, only the one in the lower left. As I said, I did complete this one on the original BBC version, so you may just have a buggy copy of the level file. The secret to Arctic E is to find the correct ice-pick.... there is one that is possible to reach. 91.107.134.55 16:40, 16 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the advice. I'll keep it in mind. I really should probably invest in a copy of this game rather than keep playing the flash version. Incidentally, it's on the flash version where I've been experiencing the above mentioned problems, so I guess it must be based on the different version you mention. Hopefully, the guy who created it might read this and do some much needed tweaking, especially as you can now log in as a member of his site to play against others. What use is a game you can't complete?

 * Apologies if you are him btw, and thanks again for getting back to me. 81.157.70.162 (talk) 12:09, 17 November 2007 (UTC)

 * So where is that ice pick on E? I'm still trying to find it. Some directions there would be useful. 81.152.144.127 (talk) 23:09, 31 January 2008 (UTC)

 * Ah, sorry, I haven't been watching this page for some time. My walkthrough for Around the World should be available from Stairway to Hell some time in the next couple of weeks. Meanwhile, the correct key (ice-pick) on Arctic E is the one in the bottom-left corner. 91.107.176.87 (talk) 01:56, 15 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Just been trying to get there, but can't seem to do it. Whichever direction I choose, I always seem to find my way blocked. I think I'll have to wait for your Stairway to Hell article. Thanks 81.152.1.70 (talk) 13:43, 15 February 2008 (UTC)

 * Just a heads-up to let you know that the walkthrough is (at last!!!) available. 91.107.131.126 (talk) 01:47, 26 March 2008 (UTC)

 * Thenks for keeping me up to date. I'll check it out 81.152.222.39 (talk) 12:43, 29 March 2008 (UTC)

 * I see the problem now. There seems to be an extra boulder on the version I have been playing. When you start 2E on this version, moving left, right, up then left, you are forced to push a boulder to reach the next part, which falls over another boulder and blocks the way down. There is, therefore, no way of completing the level on this version. Similarly, two of the spirits on Level H of the Victorian round in Repton Thru Time go round in endless circles and there's no way to free them and complete the game. There are also similar errors on the other levels, which I've mentioned above. Oh well, Guess I'll just have to buy the proper version. 86.150.43.251 (talk) 16:50, 5 May 2008 (UTC)

Repton in other media
Has anyone ever considered a film or television series featuring Repton? I'm sure it would make an interesting idea if it were ever possible.

I have - and have discussed this possibility with Richard (Hanson). However, I have so far failed to come up with a suitable storyline.Geraldholdsworth (talk) 21:24, 16 November 2014 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Repton anim.gif
Image:Repton anim.gif is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 04:18, 24 January 2008 (UTC)

C64 screenshot
I have never played the C64 version so I don't want to simply edit the page as I may be wrong, but -- the caption says this is an in game screenshot, whereas to me it looks like the editor. (The editor menus and control panel are clearly visible along the top and in the top-right.) Does anyone know? 91.105.25.170 (talk) 01:39, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

You're quite right, it is the editor.129.234.252.65 (talk) 08:01, 30 September 2009 (UTC)

The C64 version was played within the editor screen, so yes the screen shot is right.Geraldholdsworth (talk) 15:01, 17 March 2010 (UTC)

Desktop Repton
Released in late 2001, at a RISC OS show. I have mail from David Bradforth [ProAction] from April 2001 saying "want to publish for Wakefield", meaning the Wakefield RISC OS show in May that year; that didn't happen, but he did at least get to see the game at that show (I took a copy with me). I know that it was on sale at the 2002 Wakefield show (I was there).

I used graphics from previously-released Arc versions (64×64 sprite support appeared in mid-2002, using level data from John Wallace's versions); in 2004, Richard Hanson sent me the extra levels for Repton 1 (PC version), and I'd done a few R1 levels of my own.

As for why: the 1988 release. I don't doubt that it worked well on Arthur, but I ran it on RISC OS 3.1 and found that it just didn't get along well with RISC OS: completely single-tasking, had to reboot when finished.

Dsalt (talk) 18:23, 22 May 2009 (UTC)

Additional screenshots query
Hello,

I've recently grabbed in-game screenshots of both "Riptoff" (ZX Spectrum) and "Ego: Repton 4" (Archimedes). I would like to upload them under a fair use rationale and add them to this article. Firstly this would illustrate these games (which do look different from the Repton series proper) and also provide some images to the bottom part of the article which unlike the top part, seems to be lacking in screenshots.

Normally I would just do this, but I notice in the recent edit history, it was mentioned that this article may already have too many non-free images on it. Is there a concensus on this? I would upload them if I thought there's a good chance they wouldn't get immediately removed again. Is it whorthwhile to add these additional images of these other games? (just one image per game) As I say, there is a purpose to it as these are actually different games than the main Repton 1-3 series. Thanks for any possible input on this, Cheers Green Lane (talk) 10:27, 20 September 2010 (UTC)
 * Oh well, I added the images to the article anyway so everyone can at least see them. Presonally, I think they are useful in illustrating these other games. They also provide some images to balance the article so there are some pics in the lower part of it, rather than all in the top half. If anyone disagrees and removes them, then fair enough, I won't contest it - it's really not that important, and I'll probably be too busy with other stuff. Cheers! Green Lane (talk) 13:43, 20 September 2010 (UTC)

Sarah Walker
I have discovered through posts on the stardot forums that Tom Walker, the programmer of Repton: The Lost Realms, now uses the name Sarah. I will amend the page accordingly. 2A00:23C7:548F:C01:F881:7D0E:F718:A7DC (talk) 14:05, 17 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Repton (video game)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/DeMontfort University

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was - should be merged somewhere - SimonP 13:52, Jun 18, 2005 (UTC)

DeMontfort University
Delete or Merge. Fictional university in obscure web comic--not notable --Krishva 08:47, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to the real De Montfort University. Since the fictional university does not exist or have any influence outside of a not particularly famous comic, people who would look for it would look for the comic. Can probably lose the disambig on the top of De Montfort University article as well. Average Earthman 09:42, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect agreed --Doc (?) 12:58, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Have DeMontfort University and Richter Hall merged, as three separate comics popular in the furry fandom (The Class Menagerie, i.s.o. and The Suburban Jungle) include them both as locations. If they are less notable separately, they are more centralized together.  The name DeMontfort has no relation to the real university in England, and the names are coincidental.  See also Votes for deletion/Richter Hall. - Gilgamesh 13:17, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong Keep. Vote put up on VfD by user who (along with one or two others) are attempting to have deleted or speedily deleted every furry-related page on Wikipedia.  Almafeta 14:35, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge, along with Richter Hall, and inserted as sections of The Class Menagerie article. These articles do not stand by itself strong enough to merit its own articles. Please note I have removed the personal attack made by the user Almafeta against the user Krishva. -- Grumpyhan 15:13, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Please do not edit another user's comments. Almafeta 15:18, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Then, please do not assume other users' intentions and jump to conclusions. Every furry-related page! - Grumpyhan 15:35, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * But what about i.s.o. which takes place at DeMontfort and Richter, and also The Suburban Jungle which has had chapters take place there as well? - Gilgamesh 15:26, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Then I would suggest redirecting the links of both locations in i.s.o. and The Suburban Jungle to sections in The Class Menagerie. - Grumpyhan 15:35, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * But TCM is discontinued, and i.s.o. is active. All new canonical stories dealing with DeMontfort and Richter are in i.s.o. now. - Gilgamesh 16:40, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't appreciate personal attacks. I am not out to delete every furry related page on Wikipedia, I'm out to delete or merge pages for irrelevant or redundant topics.  There is no reason not to merge this and Richter Hall with The Class Menagerie or one of the other comics these places appear in.  Directing links to sections of an article is not exactly hard. --Krishva 04:00, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge. If there's no standalone entry for, say, Robot Hell from Futurama, there doesn't need to be one for this.216.158.31.195 17:03, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The difference between this and that is that Robot Hell is only in Futurama, and not also in, say, The Simpsons. This is a topic shared across multiple story series. - Gilgamesh 17:43, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The difference between this and that is that Futurama is arguably general pop culture, whereas the three story series you reference occupy a niche (webcomics) of a niche culture (furrydom). 216.158.31.195 18:17, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * So? Since when do niche interests of niche cultures not deserve due attention? - Gilgamesh 20:20, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Gamaliel 18:18, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge into I.s.o. but redirect to De Montfort University. A и D я 01D  TALK  EMAIL  02:49, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete NN. carmeld1 01:54, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
User talk:Las Naranjas

Welcome
Hello Las Naranjas,

Welcome and enjoy Wikipedia. Your edits are much appreciated.

These links might help you with your contributions:
 * Tutorial
 * Manual of Style
 * Policies and Guidelines

For Wikipedia-wide involvement, visit the Communtiy Portal and the Village Pump.

Be sure to check out Australian resources, like The Australia Wikiportal, Australian Wikipedians' Notice Board, Australian Collaboration of the Fortnight, New Australian Articles and Australian stub articles. You can list yourself at Australian Wikipedians.

Again, welcome.--Cyberjunkie 08:49, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Rubix Cuba
The article Rubix Cuba has been speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This was done because the article seemed to be about a person, group of people, band, club, company, or web content, but it did not indicate how or why the subject is notable, that is, why an article about that subject should be included in Wikipedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, articles that do not assert notability may be deleted at any time. If you can indicate why the subject is really notable, you are free to re-create the article, making sure to cite any verifiable sources.

Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable, and for specific types of articles, you may want to check out our criteria for biographies, for web sites, for bands, or for companies. Feel free to leave a note on my talk page if you have any questions about this. NawlinWiki 17:50, 16 May 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Las Naranjas


text:
Talk:Resistance, Rebellion, and Death

A Brief Essay on the Book
(strong political bias Alert)

"I step onto the podium only when forced to by the pressure of circumstances and by my conception of my function as a writer." (p. 132) From the circumstances of Fascist Spain and Nazi occupied France, to the circumstances of the Hungarian and Algerian struggles for freedom, Camus' essays demand involvement, require action in the face of hopelessness. He never offers a moment's peace for couch-potato complacency. "Freedom is not made up principally of privileges; it is made up especially of duties." (p. 96)

To read these essays is to step into the world of a man who said to Christians "I share with you the same revulsion from evil. But I do not share your hope, and I continue to struggle against this universe in which children suffer and die." (p. 71) And "Perhaps we cannot prevent this world from being a world in which children are tortured. But we can reduce the number of tortured children." (p. 73)

Camus is recalled to the podium, in a day when children are tortured and die while most Americans turn a blind eye and complain that reality TV is getting sleezy. These essays, possibly his most accessible work, demand an active response from the modern reader. Our struggle today, although not against Nazi minions, still must echo his "There are means that cannot be excused. I should like to be able to love my country and still love justice." (p. 5) In the shadow of Guantanamo and Abu Ghraib, this continues to resound.

Camus is outspoken about capital punishment, too. "It is obviously no less repulsive than the crime, and this new murder, far from making amends for the harm done to the social body, adds a new blot to the first one." (p. 176) His "Reflections on the Guillotine" is the longest essay in book. He views capital punishment, even in "free" societies, as an act of totalitarianism.
 * John Elder 08:51, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

transwiki of qoutes
the quotes section should be transwikied to wikiquote. darkskyz 08:31, 6 April 2007 (UTC)

Just in case there is any debate about the date, which I have just changed. I have the book in front of me and it was published in 1960, not 1961. Thanks, Udi Tischler

Quotes
Nothing 2001:D08:1200:A003:1:0:C338:D88E (talk) 15:53, 10 December 2022 (UTC)

Letters to a German Friend, expansion of article
I was thinking perhaps to expand this article we devote a section to each of the essay collections in the volume. The article doesn't mention 'Letters to A German Friend' or his works on the liberation of Paris which I find to be amazing works on WWII, as Camus wrote them for an underground newspaper. In short, do you guys think this article should be expanded? Sherlocke (talk) 15:59, 10 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Resistance, Rebellion, and Death


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nihil sine Deus

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was - should be merged - SimonP 13:53, Jun 18, 2005 (UTC)

Nihil sine Deus
This is something for WikiQuotes Karol 08:53, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * It is also wrong, gramatically speaking. Transwik. Radiant_* 11:34, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with the Hohenzolern family page. The page is basically a stub and needs wikification.216.158.31.195 17:01, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with the family's page if we've got it. Otherwise delete. Mgm|(talk) 19:22, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * There is one. A fairly thorough entry, too. I would suggest validating them, though, just to make sure the one guy didn't make this all up. 216.158.31.195 20:17, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Zig Zag (furry)

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was Keep Zzyzx11 (Talk) 06:06, 18 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Zig Zag (furry)
Delete. Somebody's personal character, also in obscure web comic. Not notable enough for its own article, possible vanity. --Krishva 08:55, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable anthromorphic furry mammal porn movie studio owner.   — J I P | Talk 09:55, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Are all obscure fan groups as insistent on their importance as this one? "Malcolm Earle" gets 961 google hits, and the vast majority of them seem to be for the Jazz trombonist Malcolm Earle-Smith Average Earthman 10:08, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm not a furry fan by any means, and I couldn't give a toss about the vast majority of furry characters. Zig Zag is an exception. She was even prominently featured in Eric Schwarz's comic Sabrina Online, which is a very notable comic even outside the furry fandom.   — J I P | Talk 10:48, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * “Max Black Rabbit” as Zig Zag’s author is commonly known, get 13500 google hits. --Perneseblue 11:15, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Oh keep this. Not my kind of thing, but not just someone's vanity project either.--Tony Sidaway|Talk 11:43, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong Keep. Vote put up on VfD by user who (along with one or two others) are attempting to have deleted or speedily deleted every furry-related page on Wikipedia.  Almafeta 14:30, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm not a furry fan, and the ever-goring quantity of fancruft in Wikipedia bothers me a lot, but honesty compels me to admit that I've heard of this character. Keep. -- Dominus 16:42, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I'm not really down with the furries, but I'm not down with biased edits and VfDs either.  While the character is fairly minor, my ignorance of the subculture may be biasing me.  Her appearances in webcomics that I've heard of is in favor of it.216.158.31.195 17:00, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * keep this too please Yuckfoo 18:59, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep because she looks like something off Furcadia. Which probably doesn't have an article. While we're on the subject, intergalactic weasel. Hedley 19:38, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Notable in furry fandom, don't see why this shouldn't have an article. Kaibabsquirrel 03:57, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep notable furry character. JamesBurns 04:47, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak Keep Falphin 19:48, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Furry cruft. SchmuckyTheCat 20:48, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak Keep. Could be somebody's vanity article but you've also got to admit that Sabrina Online isn't exactly an 'obscure' webcomic.  It would be preferable to merge this into a Sabrina Online article rather than maintain it seperately. -- Stiv 06:47, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree that Sabrina Online isn't obscure. Calling it obscure seems like a sign of "I've never heard of it, so it's obscure" logic. But there is way too much information in this article to merge with Sabrina Online, seeing as that article has way less information on everyone else.   — J I P | Talk 07:01, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, nn. -Sean Curtin 02:32, Jun 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Widely recognised character in furry subculture. Character’s has crossed over into art/stories of many other people, a rare occurrence outside Disney characters.--Perneseblue 11:15, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Equivlent to any other character page. Sabrina Online is I think on its seventh year running or so, and has, you know. READERS. Notable.
 * The above Keep is made by user:Tznkai -- Grumpyhan 00:19, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Abstain Some of the votes for Keep seems to suggest she is a character which has a lot of fans among webcomic creators, hence crossovers. Sabrina Online appears to be more popular than an obscure comic, though. -- Grumpyhan 00:19, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak Keep I'm admittedly a bit of a webcomics geek, and encountered Zig Zag in webcomics form about four years ago, so the character is familiar to me, so that does make me biased. (Of my 21 daily comics bookmarks, however, only three could be considered 'furry': Sabrina Online, Ozy & Millie (which I don't tend to count, personally) and The Class Menagerie.) However, Sabrina Online has a significant readership for a webcomic (or so it's link page suggests), as does the associated ZZ Studios fan fiction which features her as a main character, surprisingly enough (for fan fiction, anyway; 344 registered users in the discussion room).  There's also fan-made radio play as well, apparently.  (Weird-ish, that...)  On the other side, "Max Blackrabbit" gets 553 Google hits.  (I suspect many of the others in the 13,500 quoted above have sentences like 'A dwarf rabbit can be black, brown, white or gray, and grow to a max of six inches long.' or the like.)  Still, I'd say more notable than a random Pokemon. --William McDuff 15:50, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
N17 road (Ireland)

The N17 road is a national primary road in Ireland, and is part of the Atlantic Corridor route. It begins in County Galway and ends in County Sligo. On 27 September 2017 the southern, Tuam–Galway, section was upgraded to motorway status and designated M17.

In culture, the N17 road is featured in the song N17, released in 1991 by the Irish band The Saw Doctors.

Route
The 95.05 km route commences at the Kilmore Roundabout in Tuam and ends at the Toberbride roundabout at Collooney in County Sligo. It runs through or past several major towns and places in the area including Tuam, Miltown, Ballindine, Claremorris, Knock, Kilkelly, Charlestown, Curry, Tubbercurry and Ballinacarrow. The entire route is regular highway with no sections of dual carriageway as yet. The former section of the N17 between Tuam and Galway City has been redesignated as the N83.

Galway
The N17 begins at the Kilmore Roundabout in Tuam and bypasses the town of Tuam since 27 September 2017. After passing Tuam the route swings northwest towards Miltown, where a new realigned section of road is encountered (built late 1990s) avoiding a notorious stretch of road which saw many fatalities at one particular bend at a graveyard. This section of road was improved again in 2012, when a bad bend at Lisavalley was removed. This has left the road between Milltown and Tuam with a complete hard shoulder. The route then passes through the village of Miltown passing over the River Clare; the main street in the village is very narrow and can become congested. After leaving Miltown the route continues north towards Ballindine; this section of the N17 is of poor standard and is reduced to a narrow winding road to the County Mayo border.

Mayo
The N17 passes through Ballindine just after it crosses the Galway/Mayo border. The main street though Ballindine is very wide reducing congestion in the village. Leaving Ballindine the route heads north towards Claremorris. This 5 km section of road was completely realigned in 1983, bypassing a dangerous stretch of road at Garryduff. This is busy section with almost 10,000 vehicles daily. At Lissduff the 16 km Claremorris/Knock bypass commences, the largest project on the N17 to date. It bypasses Claremorris to the east, greatly reducing heavy through traffic in the town. The 16 km bypass was constructed in 2 phases, the 6 km Claremorris phase (phase 1) which opened July 2001 and the 10 km Knock phase (phase 2) which opened to traffic December 2002. The Knock bypass passes the village to the west heading in a northeast direction bypassing Kilkelly (bypassed 1980s), the route continues towards Charlestown passing Ireland West Airport Knock. This section of road is of good quality and has a hard shoulder to just south of Charlestown. The route passes over the N5 where traffic can head towards Dublin, Strokestown and Ballaghadereen or Westport, Castlebar or Ballina. The N17 proceeds through Charlestown and over the Sligo border into the village of Bellaghy.

Sligo
After passing through Bellaghy the N17 in County Sligo heads in a northeasterly direction bypassing Curry, this 6 km section was built in 1993 and is of excellent standard. After bypassing Curry and as far as Tubbercurry the standard of the road is reduced to a very low quality winding road with a high fatality rate. The N17 passes Tubbercurry to the west in the form of a basic relief road, heavy goods vehicles use this road around the town, although many cars continue on through the town's main street as it is often faster than the relief road. The route continues in a north easterly direction towards Ballinacarrow. Two kilometres past Ballinacarrow drivers encounter a slow lane section. This 8 km section to the N4 Collooney bypass was constructed in 1993 with the bypassing of Collooney. The N17 ends where it meets the N4 Sligo-Dublin road at the Toberbride roundabout where traffic can either turn left to go to Sligo itself, Ballysadare, or the North West. Traffic can also make a right turn here to go to Dublin, Carrick-on-Shannon or Boyle.

M17 motorway and other planned upgrades

A number of upgrade projects are planned for the N17, which forms part of the Atlantic Corridor, along with the N18 and N20. Prior to the 2017 upgrade, the Southern section N17 was the state's busiest single-carriageway inter-urban road with over 25,000 vehicles using the road at Claregalway daily of which over 20,000 travel on the Claregalway-Galway section south of Claregalway.

The biggest project was the upgrade of 25.5 km of this route to motorway standard, between Tuam and east of Galway. Under the Irish road numbering scheme, this section is designated as the M17 motorway (Mótarbhealach M17). It runs from a junction with the M6 motorway near Athenry, which also forms the starting point for the M18 motorway to Gort. In April 2014, this project was given the go-ahead by the Government and was completed on 27 September 2017. The existing Claregalway - Galway section was redesignated as the R381.

The motorway is not tolled.

At the northern terminus, the scheme links in with a bypass of Tuam, which provided an additional 4.2 km of dual carriageway. This is Type 2 Dual Carriageway, or "2+2 road" as it has been dubbed by the NRA. This type of scheme has some at-grade roundabout junctions and a wire barrier between the carriageways.

title: N17 road (Ireland)


text:
User:Lugon

Please click on the "discussion" button above to see what's going on regarding the Avian Influenza wikipedia page, and what we can do. Thanks for your interest!

It's better to go to http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Avian_influenza where the discussion on how to improve this article is public. It's avian influenza and then click on the "discussion" tab.

http://fluwikie.com

title: User:Lugon


text:
Sanjan

Sanjan or Sangan or Zangan may refer to:

 * Sanjan (Khorasan), a historic city in present-day Turkmenistan
 * Sanjan, Gujarat, a town in Gujarat state, India, named by Zoroastrian immigrants after the Sanjan in Khorasan
 * Sangan, Pakistan, a town in Balochistan province, Pakistan
 * Sangan-e Olya, a village in Qazvin province, Iran
 * Sangan-e Sofla, Qazvin, a village in Qazvin province, Iran
 * Sangan, Razavi Khorasan, a city in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran
 * Sangan-e Bala Khvaf, a village in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran
 * Sangan, South Khorasan, a village in South Khorasan province, Iran
 * Sangan, Chabahar, a village in Sistan and Baluchistan province
 * Sangan, Tehran, a village in Tehran province, Iran
 * Sengan, West Azerbaijan, a village in West Azerbaijan province, Iran
 * Zangan, West Azerbaijan, a village in West Azerbaijan province, Iran
 * Sangan District, a district in Razavi Khorasan province, Iran

Sanjan is also:
 * Qissa-i Sanjan, an account of the early years of Zoroastrian settlers in India
 * the Sanskrit word for 'Creator', and thus the stock epithet of Brahma
 * the Persian name for Xinjiang, China, which is part of historical Khorasan
 * an area in the Loliondo Game Controlled Area in the eastern Serengeti in Tanzania

title: Sanjan


text:
SpaceWire

SpaceWire is a spacecraft communication network based in part on the IEEE 1355 standard of communications. It is coordinated by the European Space Agency (ESA) in collaboration with international space agencies including NASA, JAXA, and RKA.

Within a SpaceWire network the nodes are connected through low-cost, low-latency, full-duplex, point-to-point serial links, and packet switching wormhole routing routers.

Physical layer
SpaceWire's modulation and data formats generally follow the data strobe encoding - differential ended signaling (DS-DE) part of the IEEE Std 1355-1995. SpaceWire utilizes asynchronous communication and allows speeds between 2 Mbit/s and 200 Mbit/s, with initial signalling rate of 10 Mbit/s. DS-DE is well-favored because it describes modulation, bit formats, routing, flow control, and error detection in hardware, with little need for software. SpaceWire also has very low error rates, deterministic system behavior, and relatively simple digital electronics. SpaceWire replaced old PECL differential drivers in the physical layer of IEEE 1355 DS-DE by low-voltage differential signaling (LVDS). SpaceWire also proposes the use of space-qualified 9-pin connectors.

SpaceWire and IEEE 1355 DS-DE allows for a wider set of speeds for data transmission, and some new features for automatic failover. The fail-over features let data find alternate routes, so a spacecraft can have multiple data buses, and be made fault-tolerant. SpaceWire also allows the propagation of time interrupts over SpaceWire links, eliminating the need for separate time discretes.

Link layer
Each transferred character starts with a parity bit and a data-control flag bit. If data-control flag is a 0-bit, an 8-bit LSB character follows. Otherwise one of the control codes, including end of packet (EOP).

Network layer
The network data frames look as follows: One or more address bytes are used for the routing. Addresses are either physical ones (0–31), or logical ones. The difference is that the physical addresses are deleted from the frame header during routing - which is used for hop-based routing (based on path specified in the frame itself). Logical addresses may be deleted as well, depending on the router configuration.

Interconnection
The hardware devices may be connected either directly, or via a SpaceWire router. In the former case, usually pairs of devices are used to guarantee a fail-safe operation, which is handled by the software.

A SpaceWire router is usually a crossbar switch-type device, operating in wormhole switching mode. This also may limit the speed of the communication to the lowest common speed. The routing decisions are based on the programmed routing table and the initial incoming frame contents.

Uses
SpaceWire is used all around the globe. Its use began primarily in ESA projects, but it is currently used by NASA, JAXA, RKA, and many other organizations and companies. Some NASA projects using it include the James Webb Space Telescope, Swift's Burst Alert Telescope, the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter, LCROSS, the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-R), and the SCaN Testbed, previously known as the Communications, Navigation, and Networking Reconfigurable Testbed (CoNNeCT). It has also been selected by the United States Department of Defense for Operationally Responsive Space. SpaceWire initiatives are being coordinated between several space agencies in the frame of Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) in order to extend its communication model to the network and transport layers of the OSI model.

SpaceWire supports highly fault-tolerant networks and systems, which is one reason for its popularity.

Protocols
The ESA has a draft specification in place for the Protocol ID.

The following Protocol ID's have been assigned in ECSS-E-ST-50-11:

Other sources

 * ECSS-E-ST-50-12C - SpaceWire - Links, nodes, routers, and networks, ESA-ESTEC.
 * ECSS-E-50-12A (SUPERSEDED only document number has been changed to ECSS-E-ST-50-12C) SpaceWire - Nodes, links, and networks, ESA-ESTEC.
 * ECSS-E-ST-50-11C Draft 1.3 "Space engineering - SpaceWire protocols"

title: SpaceWire


text:
Exotic hadron

Exotic hadrons are subatomic particles composed of quarks and gluons, but which – unlike "well-known" hadrons such as protons, neutrons and mesons – consist of more than three valence quarks. By contrast, "ordinary" hadrons contain just two or three quarks. Hadrons with explicit valence gluon content would also be considered exotic. In theory, there is no limit on the number of quarks in a hadron, as long as the hadron's color charge is white, or color-neutral.

Consistent with ordinary hadrons, exotic hadrons are classified as being either fermions, like ordinary baryons, or bosons, like ordinary mesons. According to this classification scheme, pentaquarks, containing five valence quarks, are exotic baryons, while tetraquarks (four valence quarks) and hexaquarks (six quarks, consisting of either a dibaryon or three quark-antiquark pairs) would be considered exotic mesons. Tetraquark and pentaquark particles are believed to have been observed and are being investigated; Hexaquarks have not yet been confirmed as observed.

Exotic hadrons can be searched for by looking for S-matrix poles with quantum numbers forbidden to ordinary hadrons. Experimental signatures for such exotic hadrons had been seen by 2003 at the latest, but they remain a topic of controversy in particle physics.

Jaffe and Low suggested that the exotic hadrons manifest themselves as poles of the P matrix, and not of the S matrix. Experimental P-matrix poles are determined reliably in both the meson–meson channels and nucleon–nucleon channels.

History
When the quark model was first postulated by Murray Gell-Mann and others in the 1960s, it was to organize the states known then to be in existence in a meaningful way. As quantum chromodynamics (QCD) developed over the next decade, it became apparent that there was no reason why only three-quark and quark-antiquark combinations could exist. Indeed, Gell-Mann's original 1964 paper alludes to the possibility of exotic hadrons and classifies hadrons into baryons and mesons depending upon whether they have an odd (baryon) or even (meson) number of valence quarks. In addition, it seemed that gluons, the mediator particles of the strong interaction, could also form bound states by themselves (glueballs) and with quarks (hybrid hadrons). Several decades have passed without conclusive evidence of an exotic hadron that could be associated with the S-matrix pole.

In April 2014, the LHCb collaboration confirmed the existence of the Z(4430)−, discovered by the Belle experiment, and demonstrated that it must have a minimal quark content of c$\overline{q}$d$\overline{c}$.

In July 2015, LHCb announced the discovery of two particles, named P$\overline{u}$(4380) and P$+ c$(4450), which must have minimal quark content c$+ c$uud, making them pentaquarks.

title: Exotic hadron