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Barbara Heinemann Landmann

Barbara Heinemann Landmann (January 11, 1795 – May 21, 1883) was a spiritual leader with the Community of True Inspiration, for which she served as Werkzeug, or Instrument, in both Europe and the United States. Her sermons and writings are still used during the Community's religious services.

Biography
Landmann was born as Barbara Heinemann to a German family in the territory of Alsace, France in 1795. During her childhood she worked as a wool spinner and later in a restaurant. In 1817, at age 22, she experienced a religious vision and joined the Community of True Inspiration (Scheuner, 1873). She became a Werkzeug with the German congregation of the Community in 1818. Landmann was arrested in 1819 when the village of Bergzabern decided to persecute the Inspirationists. Later that year she was banished from the congregation due to a pregnancy out of wedlock, though she was able to retain many of her own followers.

She married George Landmann in 1823, but the husband and wife were again banished from their congregation. They emigrated to the United States with several followers. After settling in the present-day West Seneca, New York, Landmann again became a Werkzeug with the Ebenezer Colonies in the area. Between ages 28 and 54 she retired from the role due to a loss of faith, but she returned to the role in 1849 after experiencing another religious vision. In that year she moved with some followers to Homestead, Iowa and started another congregation of Inspirationists known as the Amana Colonies. She served as Werkzeug for this congregation until her death at age 88 in 1883.

Landmann's work with the Amana Colonies in Iowa was noted by author Charles Nordhoff in the book The Communistic Societies of the United States (1875). After her death, Landmann was buried in a modest grave at the Amana Colonies (Shambaugh, 1908).

title: Barbara Heinemann Landmann


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Category:Giftedness

Articles related to intellectual giftedness.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:Giftedness


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Talk:Granola

Needs attention
Page needs attention. A weird, seemingly biased tone in there with regard to whether chewy granola "Should" be called granola, as if someone out there defines it. Sounds like portions of this article were written by a health nut.

I touched up as best I can but my writing skills are lacking.

 * The last paragraph about whether or not modern Granola snack foods are "healthier" or not seems to be arguing with itself as well... if there's a dispute it should really be discussed here rather than just with an antagonistic sentence on the main page.

Possible NPOV problem
There was a sentence at the end that said hippies are called "granola" "based on granola's constituency of fruits, nuts, and flakes." This seems somewhat questionable (granola is more like pellets than flakes), and probably NPOV. I would argue it has more to do with a hippie's preference toward "natural food" than that they are gay, crazy, or unreliable. --Transfinite 04:02, 12 June 2006 (UTC)
 * The sentence is there at writing, and I don't see a POV issue with it currently - the quote is attributed to a specific person, and is used to highlight granola's "hippie" connotations. I would, however, like to see some sort of links or explanations to explain to a non-native speaker that "fruits, nuts, and flakes" also has a double meaning of "gay, crazy and unreliable." -- 18:41, 8 September 2006 (UTC)

just wanna know what makes granola different from muesli! thanks guys 138.217.222.63 01:12, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

Is a mention of the Neil Diamond song warranted here?

Woodstock
Granola made a major appearance at the 1969 Woodstock Music and Art Festival.

What the hell does this mean? More detail needed.

inventor of granola bar
I am changing the attribution on the invention of the granola bar. Stanley Mason is a much more direct inventor and was actually involved in bringing it (and a noumber of other foods) to market. And Alton Brown agrees with me. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Litch (talk • contribs) 09:37, 26 September 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject Food and drink Tagging
This article talk page was automatically added with WikiProject Food and drink banner as it falls under Category:Food or one of its subcategories. If you find this addition an error, Kindly undo the changes and update the inappropriate categories if needed. The bot was instructed to tagg these articles upon consenus from WikiProject Food and drink. You can find the related request for tagging here. If you have concerns, please inform on the project talk page -- TinucherianBot (talk) 12:37, 3 July 2008 (UTC)

Lassen foods - not the same?
Hi, I'm new to this, but I'm not sure that the Lassen Foods from Chico mentioned in the article is the same as the Lassen Foods grocery to which it is linked. I used to eat Lassen granola all the time as a kid, but it has not been available for some time, and the grocery chain seems to have no cereals of its own for sale. --Cynsayshi (talk) 17:15, 11 January 2009 (UTC)Cynsayshi

 * You're right, Lassen Foods is not the same as "Lassen's Health Food". See  for a 1971 patent on a "CEREAL TOASTING OVEN" given to "Lassen Foods, Inc. (Paradise, CA)" (near Chico).  The unrelated stores hadn't been started then. Link removed. -R. S. Shaw (talk) 08:51, 26 August 2009 (UTC)

Sanitarium Health Foods product Granola
I note that the discussion and article so far refer to the American use of the name Granola. In general it appears to be a variation on what the rest of the world terms Muesli. In Australia and New Zealand, the name is owned by Sanitarium Health Food Company, where it denotes a product that does not resemble Muesli in any way. A hard multigrain flat biscuit is produced and then ground/broken into small pieces a few millimetres in size. This product is then packaged and sold. It is used as a breakfast cereal (steamed or boiled - my family puts 1/2 cup Granola in a bowl, adds 1/2 cup boiling water, covers the bowl, and waits 10 minutes - produces a soft hot tasty cereal); also used as a base in cooking vegetarian roasts... Whether this should be a disambiguated entry, or a subtitle under this entry, is a question...Ptilinopus (talk) 23:51, 6 April 2010 (UTC)

 * "I note that the discussion and article so far refer to the American use of the name Granola. In general it appears to be a variation on what the rest of the world terms Muesli." Actually, Granola in the U.S. was invented before Muesli. So, Muesli is actually a variation of Granola. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.141.133.132 (talk) 14:41, 19 May 2011 (UTC)

"The name is now trademarked only in Australia" not any longer... http://www.canberratimes.com.au/national/crunch-time-granola-bakery-no-cereal-offender-20120613-20aqm.html — Preceding unsigned comment added by 61.88.20.56 (talk) 04:03, 14 June 2012 (UTC)

 * Sanitarium still have the trade mark registration in Australia. They were unsuccessful in a particular trade mark infringement case because the Federal Court held that the particular use on a label did not amount to use as a trade mark (but rather as a descriptor) and therefore not infringement.  However, their registration is still valid and could be enforced in other circumstances where the use of the word "Granola" were used as a trade mark. —sroc (talk) 14:26, 3 July 2012 (UTC)

Cereal Bars?
In my experience a cereal bar is different from a granola bar. A cereal bar tends to have more of a cakey texture to the outer part with some kind of fruit filling inside. Don't know why they call that a cereal bar but that's what they look like at the grocery stores I shop. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.20.196.231 (talk) 05:48, 25 May 2010 (UTC)

Health/nutrition issues
I fear that I may be becoming one of those people who complains about things without fixing them, but life intervenes and all, so I'll just state my complaints for now. Growing up in a very yuppie area, I was told that granola, at least as sold in stores, is actually horribly bad for you. More importantly granola bars are even worse. I recall I confirmed this latter fact by noting the presence of corn syrup in granola bars. Simply digging up the nutrition info on bars and cereals would be synth, but I'm kind of in a rush and can't even do that right now. So I'll just say that there's a much bigger issue here: the validity of the purported health benefits. I suspect that granola has been grahamcrackerized, and I'm sure there's been stuff written on it. And like I said, I don't have time for that right now, but I'm putting it on record. (The difference between bars and cereal, and the general lack of citations in the history section are different matters, but I restored all the cn tags because as it was it looked like dubious claims were sourced, and made a problematic article look like a good one.) —Quintucket (talk) 06:02, 19 March 2012 (UTC)
 * Not all granolas are the same. Some come with no added sugar and instead add truvia.   Daniel.Cardenas (talk) 18:25, 22 April 2016 (UTC)
 * I was wondering why the granola page was missing a Health benefit section. So I added that section and cited an online article from Times 2018. However it got deleted within 24 hours (maybe it was too short and looked like an experimental edit). I can put in some time to do the research and look more into no added sugar or sweetener-alternative granola as Daniel.Cardenas mentioned. It really depends on what goes into the granola (for granola bars, they need to stick and form shape, so syrup is often used while some use dried fruits and dates instead, but ultimately the amount of sugar ends up outweighing the other nutrient benefits). Karegranola224 (talk) 15:48, 12 April 2022 (UTC)

The term "Granola" in Australia
Sanitarium attempted to have their trademark legally enforced, and were unsuccessful.

http://www.canberratimes.com.au/national/crunch-time-granola-bakery-no-cereal-offender-20120613-20aqm.html — Preceding unsigned comment added by 203.43.232.50 (talk) 03:58, 14 June 2012 (UTC)

Obvious vandalism
The very first line in the article currently makes reference to "bark of the rare Granola Tree". Clearly, this article is in need of some TLC from a subject matter expert... 208.185.134.1 (talk) 14:24, 13 September 2012 (UTC)

How is it made?
This is what I came here looking for and didn't find it.--41.232.148.2 (talk) 08:24, 2 March 2013 (UTC)

popular around the world
No, it is not. Nobody knows Granola e.g. in not English speaking European countries. The German wikipedia lists Granola only as a potato cultivar. --Thorbjoern (talk) 08:26, 7 June 2015 (UTC)
 * In German it is more popularly known as Knuspermüsli or Crunchy. Maikel (talk) 13:27, 15 July 2017 (UTC)
 * Granola is primarily an American term, but it has become a common name in the UK during the last 20 years for crunchy sweetened oat breakfast cereals and biscuits. Previously these products were marketed with names such as 'Honey Oat Crunch'. There is a tendency for American food terms to bleed into British English for a number of reasons. --Ef80 (talk) 08:55, 23 June 2022 (UTC)

Trademark and Wikidata
Hi, the Wikidata item (d:Q119203) lists Granola as a trademark of Kraft Foods. That does not mix well (haha) with the German name for Granola, "Knuspermüsli" (crunchy muesli), which obviously is not a trademark. This article has a different story about the trademark. How can we fix this? Thanks, --Gnom (talk) 09:14, 11 November 2015 (UTC)
 * Hi, can someone take a look at this? --Gnom (talk) 18:21, 15 September 2019 (UTC)

External links modified
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Granola bars-packaging
The article states definitively:

"...Granola bars are always individually packaged in a sealed pouch..." (emphasis is mine).

This is not entirely correct. They are also packaged two bars to a pouch. I'll update it to "...individually or two to a pouch..." if everyone agrees.

Best regardsTheBaron0530 (talk) 18:59, 8 August 2019 (UTC)theBaron0530

Granola containing no oats?
Hello, is this Granola or is wiki's definition in need of an update? Contains no oats. https://dietly.co/products/the-paleo-foods-granola-berry-almond-285gr?variant=40370036670658&currency=GBP&utm_medium=product_sync&utm_source=google&utm_content=sag_organic&utm_campaign=sag_organic&gclid=EAIaIQobChMIpJr76Kaq9QIVTbDtCh057AdHEAQYASABEgJrRfD_BwE Thelisteninghand (talk) 18:16, 11 January 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Granola


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Stan Van Gundy

Stanley Alan Van Gundy (born August 26, 1959) is an American former basketball coach who is a television commentator for NBA on TNT and College Basketball on CBS. Prior to TNT, he was most recently the head coach for the New Orleans Pelicans of the NBA. He also served as the head coach and president of basketball operations for the Detroit Pistons from 2014 to 2018. From 2003 to 2005, he was the head coach of the Miami Heat but resigned in 2005 mid-season, returning the job over to Pat Riley. Van Gundy then coached the Orlando Magic for five seasons from 2007 to 2012, leading them to the 2009 NBA Finals. He is the older brother of former New York Knicks and Houston Rockets head coach Jeff Van Gundy.

Playing career
Van Gundy was a starting guard at Alhambra High School in Martinez, California in the San Francisco Bay Area. After his senior year, he played for an all-county team that also included Kenny Carter, whose coaching career was the basis for Coach Carter, a Hollywood feature film starring Samuel L. Jackson. Van Gundy played college basketball for his father, Bill Van Gundy, at SUNY-Brockport, a Division III school, until he graduated in 1981 with a B.A. in English and a B.S. in Physical Education.

College
Van Gundy began his coaching career as an assistant coach at the University of Vermont, 1981–83, and was head coach at Castleton State College in Vermont for three seasons from 1983 to 1986. After his first season as Castleton head coach, the NAIA named Van Gundy the District 5 Coach of the Year. Castleton finished 1984–85 the top team in the NAIA's Mayflower Conference and won the NAIA District 5 tournament. After serving as an assistant coach at Canisius College in 1987 and Fordham University in 1988, Van Gundy was named head coach at the University of Lowell. During his four-season tenure at the school, which saw the institution become the University of Massachusetts Lowell, he compiled a record of 54–60 and coached Leo Parent, whom Van Gundy called "the best Division 2 player in the nation."

Van Gundy then became an assistant at the University of Wisconsin under Stu Jackson. When Jackson left after 2 years to become general manager of the expansion NBA Vancouver franchise, Van Gundy was promoted to replace him as head coach and given a 5-year contract. Coming off an 18–11 season with future NBA star Michael Finley back for his senior year and highly touted recruits coming in, the team went into the season with high expectations, but ended with a disappointing 13–14 record (7–11 and ninth place in the Big 10). Van Gundy was fired at the end of the season and given a buyout for the 4 years remaining on his contract. Van Gundy blamed financial concerns at the school for his firing. The team would go on to hire Dick Bennett from the University of Wisconsin–Green Bay and he finished his first year with a 17–15 record and NIT appearance despite losing Finley and other key players.

Overall, Van Gundy compiled a record of 135–92 (.590) in eight years as a college head coach.

Miami Heat
When Pat Riley left the New York Knicks to coach the Miami Heat, the Knicks refused to let him hire Jeff Van Gundy, perhaps his most valuable assistant. Riley hired Stan, his brother, saying "I wanted at least one Van Gundy with me". Stan Van Gundy spent 12 years with the Heat. After working as an assistant under Riley, Van Gundy was named head coach when Riley abruptly resigned as coach prior to the 2003–04 season. However, Riley remained as President of the team. Van Gundy took over a team that had won 25 games the previous season. He led them to a 42-win season, in which they won a very high percentage of their late season games and surprised many by advancing to the second round of the 2004 NBA playoffs, nearly defeating the team with the league's best record, the Indiana Pacers, with Van Gundy's dynamic coaching showcasing the strong play of rookie Dwyane Wade.

During the off-season, Shaquille O'Neal demanded a trade and made Miami the only viable option for the Lakers to make a transaction with. Riley gave up Caron Butler, Lamar Odom, Brian Grant and a future first-round draft choice, replacing three of the team's starters, including an Olympian, with O'Neal. Van Gundy led the Heat to the best record in the Eastern Conference in the first half of the season, becoming the first Heat coach to coach in the All-Star Game, where he led the East to a victory. The Heat finished the season with 59 wins, earning the best record in the conference. The Heat went on to advance to Game 7 of the Eastern Conference finals, where they lost to the Detroit Pistons. Injuries played a factor in their defeat, particularly a rib injury to leading scorer Wade during Game 5, which prevented him from playing Game 6 and severely hindered him in Game 7, both Piston wins.

During the 2005 off-season, it was widely speculated that Pat Riley was attempting to run Van Gundy out of his coaching job and take over the job himself, now that the team was in a position to contend for the championship. Van Gundy would resign from his position as head coach on December 12, 2005, just 21 games into the season, citing a need to spend more time with his family. Riley replaced him as head coach, and led Miami to their first championship that same season.

In Shaquille O'Neal's book, "Shaq Uncut: My Story", O'Neal responded to allegations of being a "coach killer" and that he forced Van Gundy out of Miami by stating: "Stan got fired because Pat (Riley) wanted to take over, not because I wanted him out. I had no control over it — not a smidgen of control. We all kind of knew it was coming because Pat and Stan were always arguing. Pat would come down and tell Stan how to do something and Stan would want to do it his own way, and that was a fine game plan if you wanted to get yourself fired."

Though at the time of his resignation Van Gundy asserted he was not being forced out by Riley, he has more recently declined comment on the situation after he accepted a coaching job with the Orlando Magic less than two years later. Riley himself would resign from his coaching duties two years later, following a 15–67 season from the Heat.

Orlando Magic
In May 2007, Van Gundy received an offer to replace the fired Rick Carlisle as head coach of the Indiana Pacers. Van Gundy turned down the offer, but began interviewing for other head coaching jobs. He was considered a lead candidate to become head coach of the Orlando Magic and also the Sacramento Kings. However, the Magic hired Billy Donovan. Shortly thereafter, Donovan decided he wanted to back out of the deal and return to the University of Florida. Finally on June 5, 2007, the Magic released Donovan and offered another contract to Van Gundy. ESPN SportsCenter reported that the Miami Heat allowed Van Gundy to coach the Magic in exchange for a second-round draft pick in 2007 and the right to swap first-round picks in 2008 or another 2008 second-round draft pick and cash.

In Van Gundy's first season with the Magic, he guided them to a 52-win season, earning the team's first division championship since the 1995–96 season, and the third-best record in the Eastern Conference. Orlando defeated the Toronto Raptors 4–1 in the first round of the playoffs, advancing to the Eastern Semifinals for the first time in twelve seasons. They were later defeated in the Eastern Semifinals by the Detroit Pistons 4–1.

Van Gundy and the Magic won 59 games in 2008–09, the second most in franchise history, along with a second consecutive division championship finished at third place behind Boston Celtics and Cleveland Cavaliers. During playoffs, they defeated the Philadelphia 76ers from a deficit of 2–1, before squalling with Boston Celtics in seven games. Later, they defeated 66–16 Cleveland Cavaliers in the Eastern Conference finals in six games to advance to the NBA Finals, Orlando's first Finals appearance since 1995. After suffering a blowout loss in game 1 against the Los Angeles Lakers, the Magic put up a better effort in game 2, but were defeated in overtime. In game 3, the Magic shot 63% for the game, a Finals record, en route to their first win in a Finals game in franchise history. They went on to lose the next two games, a controversial decision for allowing the four-month injury absence all-star, Jameer Nelson to play in heavy minutes and decided not fouling the opposite team in less than 30 second in game 4, that ultimately cost them the title as the Lakers won the series in five.

Also during the 2008–09 season, a feud developed between Van Gundy and the then Phoenix Suns' center, and former Magic/Heat player, Shaquille O'Neal (the two were together when O'Neal played for the Heat and Van Gundy was his coach). After a game between the Suns and Magic, Van Gundy said O'Neal was flopping throughout the night. O'Neal fired back by calling Van Gundy "a master of panic," because Van Gundy was not successful in the playoffs per O'Neal.

On January 31, 2010, Van Gundy was named the coach of the Eastern Conference All-Star team for the 2010 NBA All-Star Game, making it the second time he had been given the honor to coach an all-star team. He led the Eastern Conference to victory for the second time.

On May 21, 2012, Van Gundy was relieved of his duties as head coach. Prior to the firing, Van Gundy had stated that he had knowledge that Dwight Howard wanted him fired. Van Gundy stated that a person within management had told him this, and that the team did not want to risk angering Howard (Howard had an opt-out clause in his contract). Howard still requested a trade after the season, and was traded to the Los Angeles Lakers in August 2012.

Detroit Pistons
On May 14, 2014, Van Gundy was hired as the new head coach and president of basketball operations of the Detroit Pistons, replacing interim head coach John Loyer. On February 9, 2015, Van Gundy became the 43rd coach in NBA history to win 400 games when the Pistons defeated the Atlanta Hawks 105–95. He clinched a berth in the 2016 playoffs. On May 7, 2018, the Pistons announced that Van Gundy was released from his duties as head coach and president of basketball operations.

New Orleans Pelicans
On October 22, 2020, Van Gundy was hired as the new head coach of the New Orleans Pelicans, replacing Alvin Gentry. Van Gundy and the Pelicans parted ways on June 16, 2021.

Personal life
Van Gundy was born in Indio, California. He grew up as a son of a basketball coach, Bill Van Gundy, the former head coach at Brockport State University in Western New York. His younger brother Jeff Van Gundy has coached two teams in the NBA as well. After Jeff became a member of the NBA on ABC's broadcast team, he was an analyst during the 2009 NBA Finals while Stan coached the Orlando Magic. He returned to being an analyst in September 2018, working with ESPN (SVG Wednesday on The Dan Le Batard Show with Stugotz). Van Gundy left ESPN in 2019 to work for Turner Sports. He would leave Turner after one season to become the head coach of the New Orleans Pelicans but would return to Turner one year later after he parted ways with the Pelicans. He is also teaching a sports business course at Stetson University.

Van Gundy has four children with his late wife Kim, who died unexpectedly in August 2023. They were married for 25 years. He revealed on a podcast that Kim died by suicide.

Van Gundy is a frequent critic of former United States President Donald Trump and endorsed former United States Vice President Joe Biden in the 2020 United States Presidential Election.

title: Stan Van Gundy


text:
Mantua (clothing)

A mantua (from the French manteuil or 'mantle') is an article of women's clothing worn in the late 17th century and 18th century. Initially a loose gown, the later mantua was an overgown or robe typically worn over stays, stomacher and either a co-ordinating or contrasting petticoat.

The mantua or manteau was a new fashion that arose in the 1670s. Instead of a bodice and skirt cut separately, the mantua hung from the shoulders to the floor (like dresses of earlier periods). It started as the female version of the men's banyan, worn for "undress" wear. Gradually the mantua developed into a draped and pleated dress and eventually evolved into a dress worn looped and draped up over a contrasting petticoat and a stomacher. The mantua-and-stomacher resulted in a high, square neckline in contrast to the broad, off-the-shoulder neckline previously in fashion. The new look was more modest and covered-up than previous fashions and decidedly fussy, with bows, frills, ribbons, and other trim, but the short string of pearls and pearl earrings or "eardrops" worn since the 1630s remained popular.

The mantua, made from a single length of fabric pleated to fit with a long train, was ideal for showing the designs of the new elaborately patterned silks that replaced the solid-coloured satins popular in the mid-century.

As well as contributing a new style of gown to women's dress, which would remain popular through the 18th century, the mantua formalised women dressmakers' and seamstresses’ position as makers of outerwear.

Etymology
The origins of the term mantua, to mean "a robe", are unclear. The garment may have been named after Mantua, in Italy, a centre of production for some of the expensive silks that would have been used to make up such garments. The term may also derive from 'manteau', the French term for a coat.

From this garment arose the term mantua-maker, an early term for a women's dressmaker.

Evolution of the mantua
Previously,  predominantly undertaken by tailors, a trade heavily made up by men, the making of outer-garments only involved women in a less formalised manner. As the mantua began life as a form of "undress" garment, the making of mantua was taken up by seamstresses in their professional capacity as makers of linen apparel, usually worn as undergarments. However, even as the mantua evolved into an accepted form of outer clothing, French dressmakers gained the right, and continually fought to keep making, the mantua, as well as the majority other forms of women's outerwear, during the eighteenth century.

Throughout its time in fashion, the mantua underwent several changes in silhouette.

The earliest mantua emerged in the late 17th century as a comfortable alternative to the boned bodices and separate skirts then widely worn. The mantua featured elbow-length, cuffed sleeves, and the overskirt was typically drawn back over the hips to expose the petticoat beneath. In the earliest mantuas, the long trained skirt was allowed to trail. From about 1710, it became customary to pin up the train. The construction of the mantua was altered so that once the train was pinned up, the exposed reverse of the train showed the proper face of the fabric or embroidery. One of the earliest extant examples of this, dated to 1710–1720, is in the Victoria and Albert Museum's collections. By the mid-18th century, the mantua had evolved into a formal version principally worn for court dress. The draping of the overskirt became increasingly stylized, with the back panel of the train almost entirely concealed. Known as the sack, sack-back, Robe à la Française, or French gown, this garment was supported by panniers which expanded in width in the 1740s and 1750s, and fronted by a decorative stomacher. Underskirts were displayed at the front, with two substantial box pleats to the back allowing fabric to trail loosely from the neck to the floor. This style of mantua was most typically worn as formal attire between the 1750s and 1770s.

The three gathered back sections of the skirt and fitted bodice of the 1770s incarnation of the mantua, known as the polonaise gown or Robe à la Polonaise, were distinct to this style, with the puffed skirt achieved through cording or ribbons.

The Robe à l'Anglaise or English gown was also a popular style in Europe. The English-style gown featured a fitted back and open front skirt to display decorated underskirts, as in the Robe à la Française.

The final version of the mantua, which emerged around 1780, bore little resemblance to the original mantua of nearly a century earlier. Instead of the elaborate draperies and folds of the late 17th and early 18th century, the train had evolved into a length of fabric attached to the back of the bodice, as illustrated in an example in the Victoria and Albert Museum.

Surviving examples
Extant examples of the 17th-century mantua are extremely scarce. Perhaps the only known extant adult-size example is an embroidered wool mantua and petticoat in the Metropolitan Museum of Art's Costume Institute. Norah Waugh has published a pattern taken from this mantua. The Victoria and Albert Museum owns an extremely rare late 17th-century fashion doll dressed in a pink silk mantua and petticoat.

Also in the Costume Institute is a mantua and petticoat in salmon pink bizarre silk dated to 1708. Another early mantua, the silk dated to roughly 1708–09 belongs to the Clive House Museum, Shrewsbury; a pattern for this mantua has been taken by Janet Arnold.

Most mantuas preserved in museum collections are formal versions from the mid-18th century, intended for court dress. The Berrington Hall mantua of the 1760s in Berrington Hall, most likely worn by Ann Harley (née Bangham) as Lady Mayoress of London, and a blue silk mantua with matching stomacher and petticoat dated ca. 1750–65 in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art's Costume Institute, are examples of this type of mantua.

title: Mantua (clothing)


text:
JILA

JILA, formerly known as the Joint Institute for Laboratory Astrophysics, is a physical science research institute in the United States. JILA is located on the University of Colorado Boulder campus. JILA was founded in 1962 as a joint institute of The University of Colorado Boulder and the National Institute of Standards & Technology.

Research
JILA is one of the nation’s leading research institutes in the physical sciences. The world's first Bose–Einstein condensate was created at JILA by Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman in 1995. The first frequency comb demonstration was led by John L. Hall at JILA. The first demonstrations of a Fermionic condensate and BEC-BCS crossover physics were done by Deborah S. Jin.

JILA's members hold faculty appointments in the Departments of Physics; Astrophysical and Planetary Science; Chemistry and Biochemistry; and Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology as well as Engineering. JILA’s Quantum Physics Division of NIST members hold joint faculty appointments at CU in the same departments.

Research at JILA addresses fundamental scientific questions about the limits of quantum measurements and technologies, the design of precision optical and X-ray lasers, the fundamental principles underlying the interaction of light and matter, the role of quantum physics in chemistry and biology, and the processes that have governed the evolution of the Universe for nearly 14 billion years.

Staff
JILA's current faculty includes two Nobel laureates—Eric Cornell and John L. Hall—and two John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Fellows— Margaret Murnane and Ana Maria Rey. David J. Wineland and Carl Wieman, both previous affiliated with NIST and JILA respectively, were also awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics, while Deborah Jin was previously awarded a MacArthur Fellowship. Each year, JILA scientists publish more than 200 original research papers in national and international scientific journals and conference proceedings.

title: JILA


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Divine United Organization

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. Mindspillage (spill yours?) 02:56, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Divine United Organization
non notable 198.214.51.1 18:58, 29 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Abstain. There was a strong fashion for Indian spiritual organisations back in the 1960s. Even though this one is no longer notable now, you can't be sure that it wasn't notable in its day.  (e.g. see Category:1911 Britannica for lots of people who get articles in Wikipedia because they were notable in 1911 even if they aren't notable any more.)  OTOH I don't know enough about 1960s Indian gurus to know if this organisation ever was truly notable, so I'm not going to vote either way.     — P Ingerson  (talk)  19:12, 29 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Related to other articles in WP. ≈ jossi ≈ 19:47, May 29, 2005 (UTC)
 * Note anon is placing numerous VfD's on articles related to new religious movements. Seems to be a POV warrior causing havoc. ≈ jossi ≈ 04:42, May 30, 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep. Interesting and historically significant. Affrodyetee 05:53, May 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * keep though I think that the current version is not in good shape. Andries 08:40, 30 May 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Van Gundy

Van Gundy is a Dutch surname. Notable people with the surname include:

 * Arthur B. VanGundy, former professor for communication, book author and expert on creative problem-solving
 * Bill Van Gundy, former college basketball coach, father of Jeff and Stan
 * Doug Van Gundy, American poet and musician
 * Jeff Van Gundy (born 1962), former coach of the National Basketball Association's Houston Rockets and New York Knicks, brother of Stan and son of Bill
 * Stan Van Gundy (born 1959), head coach and president of basketball operations of the National Basketball Association's Detroit Pistons, brother of Jeff and son of Bill

title: Van Gundy


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The Embo

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete.

I count 5 "deletes" to 1 "keep" (anon and sockpuppet votes discounted) to 1 "merge". Rossami (talk) 03:34, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

The Embo
A night club in Tamworth isn't encyclopaedic. 8 or so hits on google for "The Embo" Tamworth. Hedley 19:00, 29 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Weak Delete. If kept, it should be moved to The Embassy, Tamworth, or something. A search for '"The Embassy" Tamworth' finds over 1000 hits, most of which are related, however, the article seems to be straight advertising, so I vote delete. — Asbestos | Talk  19:50, 29 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, vanity for a non-notable business. Martg76 21:09, 29 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong Keep!! This is in no way a vanity article as it seems to provide a balanced view of both pros and cons of the establishment. At very least move to The Embassy Tamworth
 * Keep!!. This is an informative article about an important and relevant venue in Tamworth!!
 * Sockpuppet votes crossed out. Both by the same anon IP user (very similiar IPs). Hedley 16:50, 30 May 2005 (UTC)
 * And to clarify, the IPs are different but the range has been used on VfDs for articles such as Mishing recently to sockpuppet the voting. Hedley 17:01, 30 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong Keep, no need to delete this, a well written article (allbeit about a fairly non-notable place). If the need be, move to The Embassy, Tamworth. Ensure it's sufficiently well-linked from Tamworth pages etc too. Not vanity/advertising. UkPaolo 16:43, 30 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. Usual disambiguation title would be "The Embassy (Tamworth)", or maybe "The Embassy (club)" (though this is more likely to clash some day). I deleted a cut & paste copy made at the location suggested above. There was nothing at The Embassy at the time of writing, but I took the liberty of redirecting that to World Professional Darts Championship, as "The Embassy" without context is most commonly used as the (former) nickname of this event. JRM · Talk 20:26, 2005 May 30 (UTC)
 * Delete. Advert and non-notable.  A well-written advert would still be an advert, and I personally don't find this article well written.  Quale 01:08, 31 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong Keep. Obviously not an advert as contains negative comments. Maybe move to The Embassy Tamworth. Linking well from Tamworth page is a good idea I agree.
 * Merge with Tamworth. This page can become a disambig page - there is an Embassy night club in Redhill, Surrey about which its clientel might wish to make similar comments. -- RHaworth 20:03, 2005 May 31 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable. JamesBurns 08:06, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment if Merged or Kept, it could use a cleanup and some context. Vegaswikian 06:22, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Wiwki/Guinsoo

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Mindspillage (spill yours?) 02:59, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:Tropicbird

Untitled
I imagine, but cannot confirm, that the family name is based on Phaëton, perhaps because of the diving feeding behavior? --Chinasaur 19:02, 29 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Chambers Dictionary confirms the link, but suggests that it is because tropicbirds "follow the Sun's course", whatever that means. jimfbleak 19:29, 29 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Lord Ramage frequently refers to this bird on his voyages to the tropics, and I imagine that the derivation comes from the way that it is seen to fly east-west, but not north-south, in the Atlantic. Quotes can be provided if necessary. Setokaiba✌≝ 17:17, 15 April 2008 (UTC)

Cladograms
This article makes reference to some complex phylogeny, which would be best clarified by 'old' and 'new' cladograms to illustrate the changes in thinking. Chiswick Chap (talk) 13:15, 16 December 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tropicbird


text:
Talk:Sarmatism

Old discussions
To translate: trzymanie się rodzimych rozwiązań o bryłach gotyckich i specyficznej dekoracji stiukowej sklepieńm w architekturze — w rzeźbie — nagrobek leżący oraz półpostaciowy; w malarstwie — zjawisko aktualizacji (wkomponowywanie w malowidła ołtarzowe wizerunków osób w strojach współczesnych), powstanie portretu sarmackiego, m.in. trumiennego o indywidualnych cechach polskich.

Why this page is protected from editing? Ek8 16:52, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Check history :( And Requests_for_arbitration/Zivinbudas. I could unblock it, if you want to add something. If we are lucky we may even get a few days without the troll noticing it. --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus Talk 18:38, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)

"Pacifism"?
Come on :) --HanzoHattori 20:48, 14 February 2007 (UTC)
 * 17th century pacifics :) Of course, there were extreme pacifists, but szlachta can be considered pacificts compared to other contemporary groups: they saw no profit in wars and had enough control of the state to ensure it didn't attack its neighbours.--Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus 21:50, 14 February 2007 (UTC)

Freedom only for few
Well, it is true, but "Few" is rather relative. Better to write simply 10% of population, becouse in the time of when that freedom occured it was extremely high in comparence to other kingdoms in europe (most had simply less then 1% of population of which had direct influence on the goverment), in comparence to nowdays then ofcourse its very small, but "Few" in fact can mean anything (here it meant almost 1 million of inhabbitants!). Just dropping a note, hope for quick patch up ;)

Spelling, vocab & grammar
This article needs to be rewritten. Numerous errors in grammar & style; vocabulary may need a clean-up to avoid obsolete or rare words. Cleaned up some of the major eyesores already, but someone with sufficient knowledge of Polish will better understand what the author is trying to say. 129.125.179.52 09:55, 12 June 2007 (UTC)ErikCats

Material from "Sarmatians" article--move here?
There's a lot of material on this matter in the article on Sarmatians. I think that material should be moved here. 72.66.108.162 13:02, 30 June 2007 (UTC)Stephen Kosciesza
 * Agreed. Also, dear anon (Stephen?), please consider registering.--Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus 17:12, 30 June 2007 (UTC)

 * I agree to consider. I would point out--in a friendly way--that I'm here under my real name.  I haven't registered (yet), and I haven't taken the time to inform myself on acceptable standards for substantive contributions to Wikipedia.  To date, I've only made grammar fixes and established or corrected links.  Any substantive changes I've wanted to see, I've proposed on talk pages.  On the page for Sarmatians, regrouping the sections to make clear what refers to Sarmatism as opposed to Sarmatians is by far the most substantial edit I've made to Wikipedia.  72.66.108.162 02:37, 1 July 2007 (UTC)Stephen Kosciesza

 * Registering allows one to reply to you directly on your talk page. PS. I am also here under my real name, and from the point of your registering all minor or major edits can be easily linked to you. It also gives you many tools and since it takes just few seconds... it is highly recommended. See Why create an account?--Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus 03:17, 1 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Another "Aye!" here. The material looks meaty enough. LarrisM 01:55, 11 July 2007 (UTC)

Please delete stuff from Sarmatians as soon as you incorporate it in this article because it doesn't make much sense over there. Thanks. -- AdrianTM 18:27, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Agree with all of the above.--91.148.159.4 19:51, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

 * I disagree with the above. Article about Sarmatians is rasist Aryan propaganda. Polish should never abandon their place as rightfull descendents of Ancient Sarmatians.

 * My negative opinion about the sources used in Sarmatians article, which make it a bad article in overall:

 * Sources used in article are Classical authors. They put officially Sarmatians as the people of Iranian stock even if they refer like crazy to the only Asiatic Sarmatian tribe of Alans all the time forgeting about Baltic Sarmatians or Hyperboreans living in Germanic lands of Europe, so not very Asiatic or very of Iranian stock people it would seem like to be.

 * The source used in this text is Encyclopedia Britanica which stinks overly with rasist Aryan Anthroposophy. It is not a serious XXI century modern science like modern archeology and modern genetics for example.

 * Sources not used in this article are Chinese ancient authors. Are they not Anthroposophic enough to be mentioned? Or maybe they are just simply too contradicting the Encyclopedia Britanica hypothesis that Sarmatians are of "Iranian stock" statement?

 * Sources not used in this article are archeologic finds, which show clearly that the ancient Sarmatian people of Alans living in territory of modern Eastern China were also red and blond haired, so these ancient Sarmatian people known as Alans couldn't biologically be of Iranian stock according to genetic finds about gene of red hairs and its origins. These Asian Sarmatians were abviously of Germanic or Slavic peoples stock (as to use the language) just living in today's territory of Eastern China's deserts and steps. Certainly Mongols or Scythians, who were also battling China's ancient armies, were not famous in being the Asians with blond and red hairs. Which makes also sense with all classic authors reports about Sarmatians living also in Northern and Eastern Europe, which are blantantly forgotten.

 * Sources not used in article are genetic finds, which show clearly that non-Germanic and non-Iranian native people of Northern Europe with I1a and I1b Y-DNA are responsible for carrying the red hairs gene of Homo Neanderthal (native European species of man), which was passed on Homo Cromagnon (native European species of man) and then to I1 Y-DNA Homo Sapiens (the native European modern man). Now I know only of one European people who can have red hairs. They are the modern Slavic and Germanic peoples. So obviously Asiatic Sarmatians tribe of Alans have more in common with modern Slavic peoples stock, then with Iranian stock. It has to be mentioned that I1 Y-DNA natively exists only in Europe with 25% or more population of Europe having it with exception of Spain and Italy, where it is rather very rare and where we know Sarmatians historicaly never lived in ancient times. The exception seems to be only Cuacasian Ossetians, Kurds and etc, where reach of "red haired" Sarmatian I1 Y-DNA should be natural because the move of the only Asiatic Sarmatians known as Alans from territory of modern Eastern China to Caucasus, which is testifyed plentifully by both ancient Chinese authors and classical European authors.

 * Therefore I demand, as Polish Nobleman and ethnic Sarmatian man that all material about Polish Sarmatism should be moved in its Polish part entirely over to article about Sarmatian people.

 * Pan Piotr Glownia 15:34, 12 August 2007 (UTC)
 * [PS. And by the way Germanic R1b Y-DNA is not the cause of "nordic" red and blond hairs in Europe. I1 Y-DNA is the responsible DNA and it is not Germanic Y-DNA for sure. Further its spread in Europe is very identic with places where ancient Sarmatian peoples lived in Europe according to classical authors in Europe and movememnts of Celtic people from Central Europe to Western Europe and then to British Islands.]
 * O Boze, Piotr Glownia z swoimi teoriami na wikipedii.. Mr Piotr, The remaining skeletons of Sarmatian and Scythian origina are mainly r1a. Second, y chromosome is responsible for children sex, not outlook. Third, there is no confirmation of any genetical difference between Polish nobility and the rest of the nation. Do not twist the facts or try to present your petty theories as something as established "truth" Szopen (talk) 09:49, 4 January 2008 (UTC)

I removed Polish info from Sarmatians article, if you need to merge some info from there you can fish it from history: -- AdrianTM 16:44, 16 August 2007 (UTC)

I am pasting the removed material below, so we can consider merging it into this article.--Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus 19:13, 31 August 2007 (UTC)
 * I have merged the useful parts, leaving the crackpot theory below.--Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus 11:52, 4 January 2008 (UTC)

Relation to real Sarmatians
The Polish nobles who played the central role in the structure of political power in the Rzeczpospolita believed that they were descendants of the ancient tribe, Sarmatians.

Polish coat of arms are similar to sarmatian tamgas.

The haplotype diversity and frequecy of R1a1 DNA prove that the Polish Sarmatin tradition has factual basis and is inherited from ancestors. 56% percent of Poles have the R1a1 Y chromosome gene

Discussion
As far as I know, this is a pure crackpot theory, and the above is WP:OR - none of the above articles states that there is a relation between Sarmatians and Poles. PS. To clarify: by crackpot theory I mean the one stating that the connection is real; of course it is a well-estabilished fact that many among szlachta believed in this legend. PS2. This was also discussed above.--Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus 11:50, 4 January 2008 (UTC)

I'm sorry, BUT...
...this ] is a pretty straight forward attempt at introducing both WEASEL wording into the article and to POV it. And it also makes no grammatical sense: It has been alleged that while sarmatism initially supported religious belief - what does that even mean? Somebody "alleged" that? I have no idea what the problem is supposed to be with the rest of that paragraph. Likewise this edit seems to be trying to make a point. Yes, of course it was "mistaken". That's pretty clear from the article. Nowhere does the article actually claim that Polish nobility were in fact descendant from the Sarmatians. But these are 16th, 17th century people we're talking about. They didn't have access to modern historical or archeological knowledge. What is the purpose of this edit?

I would also like to know that the user named "Reichsfürst" has NOT brought up any of these issues on talk but just reverted. Likewise the edit summaries are troublesome to the extent they're false. For example, the user claims: Talk page already has agreement for this. No it doesn't. Where? There is nothing on the talk page which would support this. Please don't make use of false edit summaries. I'm fine with keeping the "myth" part, though, "legend" is probably a better word though. Another example is Paragraph is totally unreferenced, unenyclopaedic and should therefore remain in this state until consensus can be reached to the contrary) - yes, the paragraph could use a reference. So add a tag (like I did). Don't POV it. But you can't completely change a paragraph and then claim that consensus is needed to restore it's original wording, especially if you haven't even bothered discussing the change. That's not how it works. Volunteer Marek (talk) 21:58, 10 June 2011 (UTC)

Add: I seem to recall a former user with a very similar username (perhaps without the diacrticis?). Is there another account which we should be aware off here?Volunteer Marek (talk) 21:59, 10 June 2011 (UTC)

 * In response to your various points. First of all I apologise for thinking that agreement had been read - I saw the comment 'As far as I know, this is a pure crackpot theory' and failed to take into account the fact that this was in regard to a separate matter; however, the point remains that the lead paragraph should reflect the fact that this myth was not one based on fact - the lead exists to summarise the article which it previously did not. Feel free to replace myth with legend, I used it initially and thought that myth might be more appropriate being a native English speaker myself.

 * Second of all the paragraph which I have significantly removed does make sense in English. The statements originally made were of the sort that peoplee vandalise pages like communism with - 'but it doesn't work!' - that is not an encylopaedic claim and the paragraph should probably be removed though the alleged change in its values is of some worth and so I think this should be kept if a source can be found. Perhaps another experienced editor should have a look at this particular paragraph? Reichsfürst (talk) 22:06, 10 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Ok, let's go with "legend". I'm still not clear on what you're trying to do with the second paragraph. Can you articulate? I think the original was fine and all it needed was a tag.Volunteer Marek (talk) 22:15, 10 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Ok I'll do that. I'll elaborate on the problems as I see it within the second paragraph. First of all you can't say in its 'ideal' form as that's a value judgement. Second of all the statement 'looked like a good cultural movement' is unencylopaedic. Thirdly the statement 'as any doctrine that put some social class above others' is again a value judgement. Thirdly the qualification '(but compared to countries like Sweden, Germany, Russia, France, Spain, England and others freedom and tolerance were much more common)' is unnecessary, 'more common' doesn't make sense in this context and is again a value judgement. Lastly 'honesty into political naivety, pride into arrogance, courage into stubbornness, quality and freedom of szlachta into nihilism' is literary prose and not encylopaedic and its meaning is summed up in the initial sentence does have some worth if cited. Reichsfürst (talk) 22:21, 10 June 2011 (UTC)
 * Sorry to be quite so blunt - and I've changed myth to legend but forgot to add an edit description sorry. Reichsfürst (talk) 22:22, 10 June 2011 (UTC)
 * There's nothing that prevents the inclusion of "value judgments" as you call it, or more precisely "evaluation" or "response" in Wikipedia articles. There's also nothing that makes these "unencyclopedic". The key is that such statements, like any other claims in Wikipedia articles, need to be sources and perhaps attributed. Which is what should happen here, rather than changing the paragraph. Again, I suggest a tag for now. If sources can't be found, then it can be removed/altered.Volunteer Marek (talk) 03:45, 11 June 2011 (UTC)

I see no reason for the para 1 to be replaced by para 2. They are both unreferenced, but para 1 sounded "better". We should focus on referencing the article, and expanding it with ref sources, not on replacing one batch of unref text with another. --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| talk 22:35, 10 June 2011 (UTC)

Para 1: "In its early, ideal form sarmatism looked like a good cultural movement: it supported religious belief, honesty, national pride, courage, equality and freedom. However as any doctrine that put some social class above others it became perverted in time. Late sarmatism transformed belief into intolerance and fanaticism (but compared to countries like Sweden, Germany, Russia, France, Spain, England and others freedom and tolerance were much more common), honesty into political naivety, pride into arrogance, courage into stubbornness, quality and freedom of szlachta into nihilism."

Para 2: "It has been alleged that while sarmatism initially supported religious belief, national pride, equality and freedom, that over time this was perverted into a form of beliefs conducive to intolerance and fanaticism."

 * Please read what I wrote above, the wording was uncyclopaedic to the extent that referencing would make little difference. Also being a native English speaker I can vouch for the fact that the initial paragraph did not sound better. I agree that we need to find a reference for the claims but in the meantime we should avoid POV statements. Reichsfürst (talk) 23:17, 10 June 2011 (UTC)
 * Let's start by removing the POV magnet that is "It has been alleged that", shall we? --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| talk 00:24, 11 June 2011 (UTC)
 * The reason I added the 'alleged' is because even with citation I don't think that it this is the kind of statement that can be empirically proven given its very nature. Perhaps alleged is the wrong word but 'one view' or 'the view of ... historian' is going to be needed. For instance on the 'Criticism' section of a page like Communism it uses phrases such as 'Anarchists have often argued...' and we cannot simply say that Sarmatism turned into fanaticism, it needs to be predicated by a statement like this, but until we know who by, the word 'alleged' does that job for us. Reichsfürst (talk) 08:37, 11 June 2011 (UTC)
 * I think that the suggestion that the statement be attributed and contextualized is a good one, though "it is alleged" is both ungrammatical and a bit weaselly. At this point, I think we need sources.Volunteer Marek (talk) 13:23, 11 June 2011 (UTC)

As a matter of grammatical fact the statement 'It is alleged that' is the use of the passive voice and is entirely correct - see "http://www.wordreference.com/es/translation.asp?tranword=alleged", or just read an English newspaper. Reichsfürst (talk) 13:33, 11 June 2011 (UTC)
 * It may be in English, it is however not encyclopedic. Check WP:WEASEL. --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| talk 00:26, 12 June 2011 (UTC)
 * How about this 'Some have criticised the development of Sarmatism saying that while it initially supported religious belief, national pride, equality and freedom, that over time this was perverted into a form of beliefs conducive to intolerance and fanaticism' while we get a citation. That is in line with similar statements made on other pages of similar issues. Reichsfürst (talk) 08:15, 12 June 2011 (UTC)
 * I think for now, until we get some sources, that kind of wording would be fine. The problem of course is going to be a "Some..."Volunteer Marek (talk) 21:03, 12 June 2011 (UTC)

Sarmatism and sabres
In the second paragraph, the second sentence ends with, "and carried a saber (szabla)." The last sentence of that same paragraph says, "An inseparable element of the costume was a saber called the karabela." Szabla and karabela have their own separate pages, so they are not 2 words for the same item (or are they?). As someone not well versed in the subtle differences between various types of Polish sabres, it sounds like the Polish Sarmatians carried around 2 sabres (perhaps akin to the katana and wakizashi carried by samurai). The pictures with the article do not show anyone who clearly has two sabres. I feel like there is a clearer way to explain this, but I am not sufficiently knowledgable about the subject to offer that clarity. DrNietzsche (talk)15:00, 3 May 2016 (UTC)

Dlugosz
On reading the first genealogy chapters of Dlugosz' chronicle, I don't see the Poles are in any way related to the Sarmatians there. The article given as a reference there is also not the best source for this assertion, since it offer no source whatsoever for the (little) information it provides. Remains the question: Is the assertion right? If so: Is there a better reference (with references to primary sources) for it? If not: Who then invented Sarmatism? Also, the term asserted by the Wasko article to be introduced by Dlugosz seems to be "Sarmatians", not "Sarmatism".--Oudeís talk 15:16, 13 September 2017 (UTC)

Royal Prussia
The statement about The German-speaking Protestant burghers of Royal Prussia was challenged by an anon. Can someone double-check the source cited? - Altenmann >talk 19:21, 20 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sarmatism


text:
Talk:Special sensor microwave/imager

(William M. Connolley 19:03, 29 May 2005 (UTC)) This page contained lots of useful info but not split up as I would like, so I have. Please feel free to complain. My personal feeling was that the most important thing about it was the products, so I've put those above the instrument characteristics, but thats because I'm only familiar with the sea ice product.

Untitled
I've also created SSMR to redirect here and added some SSMR info: if you know more about the difference and think SSMR deserves its own page, feel free: I've never really been sure of the difference...

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title: Talk:Special sensor microwave/imager


text:
Pandora's Box (album)

Pandora's Box is a compilation album, released on November 19, 1991, by Aerosmith. Issued by Columbia Records to capitalize on the band's newfound success with Geffen, the box set consists of three discs that cover Aerosmith's output from the 1970s and early 1980s. Alongside alternate versions, previously unreleased songs, live renditions and remixes, Pandora's Box features previously released studio material.

The original issue was as a long cardboard box, containing three CDs (each in its own jewel-case, with inserts) and a booklet that detailed the tracks and had comments from the band members. Later issues did away with the outer box, utilizing a cardboard slipcase, but reproduced the booklet in 'CD-size'.

The cover version of "Helter Skelter" is Aerosmith's third commercially released Beatles cover (after "Come Together" from the Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band soundtrack and "I'm Down" from Permanent Vacation), despite being the first they recorded.

Recording locations

 * "When I Needed You" - Recorded at CBS Studios, New York City, New York, 10/5/66
 * "Major Barbara" - Recorded at Power Station, New York City, New York, May 20, 1971
 * "On the Road Again" - Recorded at Intermedia Sound, 5/8/72
 * "Dream On" - Recorded at Intermedia Studios, Boston, Massachusetts, 1972
 * "Make It" - Recorded at Intermedia Studios, Boston, Massachusetts, 1972
 * "Mama Kin" - Recorded at Intermedia Studios, Boston, Massachusetts, 1972
 * "Movin' Out" - Recorded at Intermedia Studios, Boston, Massachusetts, 1972
 * "One Way Street" - Recorded at Intermedia Studios, Boston, Massachusetts, 1972
 * "Rattlesnake Shake" - Recorded at Counterpart Studios, Cincinnati, September 26, 1973
 * "Walkin' the Dog" - Recorded at Counterpart studios, Cincinnati, September 26, 1973
 * "Pandora's Box" - Recorded at Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, between 12/17/73 and 1/14/74
 * "Same Old Song and Dance" - Recorded at Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, between 12/17/73 and 1/14/74
 * "Seasons of Wither" - Recorded at Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, between 12/17/73 and 1/14/74
 * "Train Kept A-Rollin'" - Recorded at Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, between 12/17/73 and 1/14/74
 * "Helter Skelter" - Recorded at Great Northern Recording Studios, 1975
 * "No More No More" - Recorded at Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, February, 1975
 * "Round and Round" - Recorded at Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, February, 1975
 * "Soul Saver" - Recorded at Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, February, 1975
 * "Sweet Emotion" - Recorded at Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, February, 1975
 * "Toys in the Attic" - Recorded at Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, February, 1975
 * "Walk This Way" - Recorded at Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, February, 1975
 * "You See Me Crying" - Recorded at Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, February, 1975
 * "Back in the Saddle" - Recorded at the Wherehouse, Waltham, Mass. & Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, Feb-March 1976
 * "Last Child" - Recorded at the Wherehouse, Waltham, Mass. & Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, Feb-March, 1976
 * "Lick and a Promise" - Recorded at the Wherehouse, Waltham, Massachusetts & Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, Feb-March, 1976
 * "Nobody's Fault" - Recorded at the Wherehouse, Waltham, Massachusetts & Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, Feb-March, 1976
 * "Rats in the Cellar" - Recorded at the Wherehouse, Waltham, Mass. & Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, Feb-March, 1976
 * "Write Me a Letter" - Recorded on tour in Boston, Massachusetts, November 1976
 * "Krawitham" - Recorded at the Cenacle, Armonk, New York, 5/2/77
 * "Circle Jerk" - Recorded at the Cenacle, Armonk, New York, & Record Plant Studios, NYC, June-Oct., 1977 (?)
 * "Critical Mass" - Recorded at the Cenacle, Armonk, New York, & Record Plant Studios, NYC, June-Oct., 1977
 * "Draw the Line" - Recorded at the Cenacle, Armonk, NY, & Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, June-Oct., 1977
 * "Milkcow Blues" - Recorded at the Cenacle, Armonk, New York, & Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, June-Oct., 1977
 * "Kings and Queens" - Recorded live on tour in Boston, Massachusetts, 3/28/78
 * "Chip Away the Stone" - Recorded at Long View Farm, North Brookfield, Massachusetts, June 4, 1978
 * "I Wanna Know Why" - Recorded on tour at the Cotton Bowl, Dallas, Texas, 7/4/78
 * "Lord of the Thighs" - Recorded on tour at the Cottonbowl, Dallas, Texas, 7/4/78
 * "Downtown Charlie" - Recorded at The Record Plant, New York City, New York, 8/19/78
 * "Come Together" - Recorded at the Wherehouse, Waltham, Massachusetts, 8/21/78
 * "I Live in Connecticut" - Recorded at The Wherehouse, Waltham, Massachusetts, 3/10/79
 * "Let It Slide" - Recorded at Mediasound Studios, New York City, New York, March, 1979
 * "Shit House Shuffle" - Recorded at Mediasound, New York City, New York, 5/30/79
 * "Three Mile Smile" - Recorded at Mediasound and Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, 7/10/79
 * "Cheese Cake" - Recorded at Mediasound and Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, May-Aug., 1979
 * "No Surprize" - Recorded at Mediasound and Record Plant Studios, New York City, New York, May-Aug., 1979
 * "Sharpshooter" - Recorded at Axis Studios, Atlanta, Georgia, 1980–81
 * "Riff & Roll" - Recorded at Power Station, New York City, New York, 9/16/81
 * "South Station Blues" - Recorded at Boston Opera House and Wherehouse, Waltham, Massachusetts, 1981
 * "Jailbait" - Recorded at Power Station, NYC & Criteria Studios, Miami, Florida, 1982

Reception
"Pandora's Box has 31 previously released songs and 21 live cuts, alternate takes and rarities," noted Mat Snow in Q. "Will this latter stuff be made separately available for the fan doesn't fancy shelling out for tracks already owned? Probably not… Despite high times aplenty, Pandora's Box is a career overview which offers a patchy, expensive introduction to the newcomer, and falls irritatingly between the stools of rarities collection and definitive compilation."

title: Pandora's Box (album)


text: Talk:Cobalamin

title: Talk:Cobalamin


text:
Talk:Emerald

Semi-protected edit request on 15 August 2017
Please update the external link of the ICA's emerald page to this one (we're updating the website): http://gemstone.org/education/gem-by-gem/153-emerald Also, the correct name of the organization is International Colored Gemstone Association. Thank you! ICAgemstone (talk) 15:38, 15 August 2017 (UTC) ICAgemstone (talk) 15:38, 15 August 2017 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done jd22292 (Jalen D. Folf) (talk) 15:48, 15 August 2017 (UTC)

King of Canada is a hoax?
There is an IP-editor who keeps on trying to post a reference to the "King of Canada" emerald as one of the most notable Emeralds in the world and then adding a reference that re-directs to a Gemstone business. I can't find any reference to the "King of Canada Sean Robert Gehani Emerald" except for one low-grade website here, which is odd given that most notable Emeralds have their own WP page (and generate lots of Google hits). There was even an ANI on this raised by editor Meters, and others, who said that it is a hoax by a long-standing sockpuppet Freecomwireless, however, I can't find the old link to the ANI. This IP editor even went to report me as WP:VD on the noticeboard (which was declined), as I kept reverting their edits and reference to their Gemstone business (as part of the "Pending Changes" reviews as the article is protected). I am leaving this notice for other "Pending Changes" reviewers to be aware of this situation. Britishfinance (talk) 19:10, 6 January 2019 (UTC)
 * has further upgraded the protection status of this article to the autoconfirmed level. Britishfinance (talk) 20:20, 6 January 2019 (UTC)
 * The SPI is Sockpuppet investigations/Freecomwireless. The recent ANI thread (not started by me) is Administrators' noticeboard/IncidentArchive998. Anything to do with bogus "King of Canada" gems is this case. Meters (talk) 02:42, 7 January 2019 (UTC)

Notable?
Not (currently) on the list;

These sites and  say 11,000 carats for the Fura emerald found in 1999. I’m guessing that’s uncut.

“Fura” is also a mountain and an (emerald) mining company.

And a god (goddess, in the old language) Colombian emeralds.

Has a picture of the mountains.

MBG02 (talk) 19:15, 18 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Emerald


text:
Aqua Aqua

Aqua Aqua (アクアクア) is a puzzle video game developed by Zed Two, the studio of Ste and John Pickford, for the PlayStation 2. It was published late 2000 by Imagineer in Japan, and by The 3DO Company in North America and SCi Games in Europe. It is the sequel to Wetrix (1998) and has very similar gameplay; the player, on a landscape, uses Uppers to create walls for enclosures that hold flying water bubbles, contending with hazards like rainstorms, bombs, and ice cubes in the process.

Imagineer commissioned a sequel to Wetrix following the predecessor's critical and commercial success. It was released in 2000 in Europe, North America and Japan as the third PlayStation 2 puzzle game after Fantavision and Super Bust-A-Move, selling 70,000+ copies in the West and 15,000+ in Japan. Aqua Aqua was generally well-received by professional critics for its addictiveness, graphics and sound. Criticism was targeted at the steep learning curve, the short length of the Story mode, the fixed camera and loose controls causing imprecise piece placements, and how little advantage was taken with the console's hardware.

Game modes
Aqua Aqua's gameplay remains largely unchanged from Wetrix (1998). Described by Electronic Gaming Monthly's Chris Johnston as a combination of Tetris and Civilization, it is a 3D isometric puzzle game where the player builds paddocks on land to prevent falling water bubbles from dripping off the landscape. The enclosures are created by dropping L-shaped, T-shaped and square pieces that raise a part of the landscape named Uppers; there are also Downers that do the opposite, decrease the height of a wall. Fireballs help in the player's goal, in that they evaporate water, and points are earned from it depending on how much water is evaporated. However, there are also hazards such as bombs that create holes on the ground, ice cubes that freeze water, rainstorms that occur in the later stages, and earthquakes triggered when a wall is too high that ruin nearly all of the architecture. The amount of water dripped off the land is showcased by a meter, which the game ends once its full.

Modes include a single-game Quick mode, an eight-level Tutorial, a two-player Versus mode and a four-level Story Mode; the Tutorial must be completed to unlock the Story and Versus modes. In Story, there are three bosses, who attack by ruining the player's structure and must be beaten by achieving a certain score within a limited period. A new feature is a grid for where the Uppers and Downers will land, in addition to the shadows.

Development and release
Aqua Aqua's predecessor, Wetrix, was developed by Zed Two, a small studio owned by Ste and John Pickford. It was conceived out of a water effects demo done for another one of their own games, Vampire Circus, which became Taz Express (2000). Wetrix and Taz Express were published by Ocean Software out of a two-game deal signed a week before the publisher merged with Infogrames. The game's Nintendo 64 release sold 105,000+ copies in the west and 12,000+ in Japan. Additionally, Wetrix was critically acclaimed for its originality in the puzzle game genre, scoring 8/8/8/7 in Famitsu, the magazine's highest for a Western title in years.

The critical and commercial success motivated Japanese company Imagineer, who developed Wetrix's Game Boy Color port, to commission Zed Two to create a sequel for the PlayStation 2. The Pickfords had several ideas. One major plan was to allow the player to expand the width of the land with the falling Uppers, and Imagineer thought of adding a "weird old man". Ultimately, the only major addition was cute-looking characters, done to make the product more appealing to Japanese audiences. Contrary to fan rumors that PlayStation 2 development kits were already in the United States by mid-1999, none had been sent by Sony to companies outside of Japan until October 1999. This meant some Zed Two staff flew to Japan to develop Aqua Aqua.

On June 25, 1999, IGN revealed Zed Two was developing a sequel to Wetrix, not yet named, for the upcoming PlayStation 2 console. On August 27, Zed Two revealed they planned to release it by March 2000. This had been moved to summer 2000 by the time the sequel was presented at the 2000 Tokyo Game Show, where its name, Aqua Aqua, was revealed. Timothy Horst reported that the demo at the Tokyo Game Show appeared to be "pretty much done", and that the game would basically be its predecessor with improved visuals. IGN revealed the game's four modes, as well as the July 2000 Japan date, on April 20, 2000, before it was delayed further to November 2, 2000. The 3DO Company published Aqua Aqua in North America on December 29, 2000, while SCi Games published it in Europe the month before. It was the third puzzle game released for the console after Fantavision and Super Bust-A-Move. Aqua Aqua sold 15,000+ units in Japan, and 70,000+ in the West, numbers GamesTM attributed to its reputation as a PlayStation 2 launch title.

Reception
Reviews of Aqua Aqua were generally positive. Containing gameplay and graphics identical to Wetrix, it received the same praises and critiques.

"Aqua Aqua has its problems, but it's still the best puzzle game yet to grace the PlayStation 2," wrote GameSpot's Shane Satterfield. In the mind of David Zdyrko of IGN, Aqua Aqua "takes the basic gameplay elements that made its prequel so well liked and has added a lot of neat new features and play mechanics".

Aqua Aqua was highlighted for its addictive quality. Its difficulty and fast pace was also of frequent note, as well as the steep learning curve that critics suggested could turn off those not very experienced in puzzle games. Jay Semerad of AllGame praised the difficulty and how the game rewarded players, such as with Lake Mates and rainbows. Much criticism was directed at how needlessly tricky it was to place pieces accurately, caused by loose control and a fixed, nonadjustable camera angle; Alex of Video Games reported he had to start over the first level several times. Semerad lamented that the directional pad controls the falling pieces (unlike Wetrix which was controlled with a more versatile analog stick), and a piece can jump from one side of the screen to another with one small tap. Official U.S. PlayStation Magazine's Joe Rybicki dismissed the rules as needlessly complicated, and panned the "slippery" control and unclear perspective for slowing down the pace, "forcing you to either drop blocks haphazardly or painstakingly map out each move". The camera angle also made looking for water leaks tedious, wrote Satterfield.

Although praised by Zdyrko as a new edition to the Wetrix series, the Story Mode was generally criticized for being too short, reviewers reported beating it within a few hours. Official UK PlayStation 2 Magazine's Louis Wells criticized the "seemingly unobtainable points needed to stop a boss". The Versus mode was lauded by several reviewers for its addictiveness and challenge, while criticized by Satterfield and The Electric Playground writer Jules Grant for a lack of interaction between players. Chris Johnston of Electronic Gaming Monthly also recommended that there should have been a Versus mode with a computer player. NextGen critic Kevin Toyama berated the requirement of having to save progress on the tutorial stage just to play the actual game modes. Star Dingo of GamePro's website-only review said, "Anyone who's familiar with the hyper-addictive Dreamcast and N64 puzzler Wetrix Plus will immediately recognize Aqua Aqua for the PS2 – it's the same exact game with a few gameplay tweaks, graphical improvements, and a quartet of Hello Kitty-esque Teletubbies on board for moral support."

The graphics was positively-commented on, although criticized for taking little advantage of console space. Zdyrko was one of the critics to argue this; although highlighting the "nice special effects and cool lighting", he found the problem prevalent in the object and character models being "plain and unimaginative". Satterfield also found the character models low-quality, analogizing them as done by a beginner 3D modeling student. However, he was more forgiving towards the graphics in general, saying that although not the best for the PlayStation 2, they served their function for a puzzle game, as doing anything more spectacular would only distract the player. He praised the color palette as "bright and colorful, and the effects for placing pieces are snazzy for the first few hours". GameRevolution journalist G-Wok appreciated the graphics as "clean and colorful", and Wells enjoyed the cute character design, "beautifully rendered" land, and water effects. Grant condemned the cutscenes as "too-cute". The game's ambient techno new age soundtrack was well-received, although critiqued for being repetitive. Zdyrko called the voice acting cute and the sound effects "very crisp and clear", and Satterfield wrote "the sound effects aid in creating a chaotic atmosphere but do little else."

title: Aqua Aqua


text:
Talk:Maria Minna

Untitled
Error:

The reference to Hon. Maria Minna, P.C., M.P., Member of Parliament for the Toronto riding of Beaches-East York, incorrectly states that: She was expelled from the [Cabinet] position after it was discovered she had improperly voted in a municipal by-election, she was thus confined to the backbenches. Her illegal actions were leaked from within the Liberal Party and it is generally believed that Warren Kinsella an important Liberal advisor who has long wanted to run in Minna's seat was responsible.

Fact:

In a report released on September 27, 2002, Canada’s Office of the Ethics Counsellor stated that:

“On the basis of the information gathered, the Office of the Ethics Counsellor has concluded that Maria Minna was entitled and eligible to vote in the City of Toronto Ward 31 by-election of December, 2001.

“Since she only voted once in the municipality, the provisions of the Municipal Elections Act of Ontario were respected.”

The report also included a document from the Municipal Property Assessment Corporation, the body responsible for preparing the preliminary voters’ list, which stated that:

“Accordingly, the Preliminary List of Electors provided to the City of Toronto for Ward 31 contained the name of Maria Minna as an eligible voter.”

In an interview on CBC Radio later that day, Federal Ethics Counsellor Howard Wilson said “there’s no question about the legitimacy of her name being on that voting list as a tenant.”

Later in that same interview, Mr. Wilson said, “in my opinion, she did nothing wrong.”

Media coverage:

Ethics watchdog exonerates Minna of voting illegally No wrongdoing in by-election, Wilson says

Liberal MP Maria Minna received her long-awaited exoneration over charges of voting irregularities yesterday, but the former cabinet minister said she has already paid “a very dear price.”

-- Toronto Star – September 28, 2002

Liberal MP’s vote proper, official rules

The federal ethics counselor has ruled that Toronto Liberal MP Maria Minna did nothing wrong when she voted in a municipal by-election on Dec. 3.

-- Globe and Mail – September 28, 2002

Liberal MP cleared in municipal vote controversy

Maria Minna, a Liberal MP, did nothing wrong when she voted in a municipal by-election in Toronto in December, the Ethics Counsellor has ruled.

-- National Post – September 28, 2002

Background:

Prior to advance polling day for the municipal by-election in November 2000, Maria Minna’s name was on the voter’s list.

She was issued a voter’s card and she was entitled to vote.

To be absolutely sure, her staff contacted the City of Toronto Elections Services Office.

They were advised that a business tenant in Ward 31 could vote in the by-election as long as the name of the voter was on the lease, the voter was on the voters’ list and a voter’s card had been issued.

City of Toronto staff actually faxed copies of relevant legislation to her constituency office confirming the advice that they had provided.

The voters’ list prepared by the City of Toronto for the Ward 31 by-election – without any request from Maria Minna or her staff -- properly listed her name as a “non-resident tenant”.

In fact, she was but one of 1,900 voters listed as “non-resident”.

Many of those non-resident eligible voters live in the City of Toronto and voted in the Ward 31 by-election.

Maria Minna was entitled to be on the Ward 31 voters’ list.

She was properly provided with a voter’s card in accordance with the legislation.

She was entitled to vote in the Ward 31 by-election and she committed no offence by having done so.

However, one of her political opponents made false claims about her in the media about two weeks after the election.

Several months later, she was cleared of any wrongdoing.

Correction:

We would appreciate it very much if you would acknowledge the error and publish the correct information.

Sincerely yours,

Robert MacBain

Chairman Maria Minna Re-election Campaign

 * Thank you for your detailed comments. I have updated the article. - SimonP 20:48, May 29, 2005 (UTC)

Article needs work
I am doing some revision on this article as much of the text appears to be lifted from Minna's personal website - not the greatest source. Anybody who is interested can help out. Just make sure it is properly sourced. EncyclopediaUpdaticus (talk) 14:49, 3 June 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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Substituted at 23:08, 29 April 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Maria Minna


text:
Jack Ford (politician)

John Marshall "Jack" Ford (May 18, 1947 – March 21, 2015) was an American Democratic politician who served as the mayor of Toledo, Ohio, from January 2002 to January 2006. Ford was Toledo's first African-American mayor.

Biography
A graduate of Ohio State University, Jack Ford received his master's degree in public administration and his law degree from the University of Toledo. He spent most of his working life as an educator, teaching primarily at the University of Toledo for 22 years, but also at Bowling Green State University and Owens Community College.

Ford served in the Ohio House of Representatives for seven years, and was Democratic leader of the Ohio House for the final three. He was a speaker at the 2000 Democratic National Convention. Ford served on the Toledo City Council. In November 2001, he was elected Toledo mayor, replacing another Democrat, Carty Finkbeiner who, four years later, on November 8, 2005, was returned to office, defeating Ford in his re-election bid.

On March 7, 2006, media reports revealed that Ford would be returning to Bowling Green State University as a practitioner-in-residence in the College of Arts and Sciences effective March 13, 2006. According to reports, Ford will mostly teach in the department of political science.

In June 2007, Ford was selected to fill a vacancy on the Toledo Board of Education.

In his public career as a legislator and city executive, Jack Ford was responsible for the creation of the Toledo Youth Commission, the lead abatement program, the medication education for the elderly program, the Toledo curfew law, and the drug paraphernalia law.

He founded two organizations dealing with drug and alcohol addiction.

He was also a member of Omega Psi Phi fraternity.

Ford died the morning of March 21, 2015 at the age of 67.

title: Jack Ford (politician)


text:
User talk:Amirsubhi

an ordinary guy

title: User talk:Amirsubhi