text:
User talk:Dynamo ace

Dynamo_ace's talk page

Archive

Here you may leave feedback on my contributions. Incidently, if you want to post any awards you want to give to me, post them here.

Please sign your posts. if there are repeated unsigned posts, I will start emposing a deleteion of all unsigned messages.

About Card Captor Sakura media information
Hi, i was who wrote the info about the Latin America version of CCS, specially the info about Chile, but its seems that you delete it with this reason: ''Possible destablizing in the latest contribs forces me to revert the article... there is no such thing as a US version (only in WB and Disney's mind there is...for the purposes of flaming!)''

Of course that there is a US version, "The Cardcaptors" is a butchered version of the original work of Clamp and it was aired in Latin America without cuts (even their show the pseudo-homosexual relations between Sakura/Tomoyo, Yukito/Touya, etc.) and i guess that comment that isnt flaming at all, at least i dont understand why you delete the "Chile" entry on "Broadcasting Stations". Just writing this for advice you that i dont get any intentions of flaming anything :) and hope that at least can put the name of the channel who broadcast the series in my country. -- User:Hayama Akito User talk:Hayama Akito 10:45, 22 Nov 2006 (UTC)

User:Dynamo ace/User AMG
I have detected and improved the template as per your request. I have also moved it to your userspace and the reason is strictly to evade an unnecesary ruckus. Userboxes are often treated with little dignity these days. -- Cat out 22:28, 13 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Well... did you like it? :) -- Cat out 13:09, 17 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Yes i do, thanks for the recoluring and icon to the userbox, its looks much better. Could you see if it can be catagoraized (like with other userboxes)
 * Also, i been fidling around with a screencap program and got some good screencaps of Sakyo Mishmia which would be better than the ones on the article, do you want them uploaded?
 * -Dynamo_ace Talk
 * Sure, I'll categorise it.
 * I do not know what to say untill I see the screen cap. :)
 * -- Cat out 15:04, 17 May 2006 (UTC)

New pic uploaded
I have uploaded the new Sakoyo Mishima picture for its article. Can you check if it is OK?

Link is: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sayoko_Mishima

-Dynamo_ace Talk
 * Much better image. I have reuploaded it over the old one :) -- Cat out 10:35, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

Belldandy
We need the belldandy infobox expanded to include both Anime series 1 and Anime series 2 shots. I have tried but failed. -Dynamo_ace Talk
 * Sure thing, though I feel it is unnecesary to treat the two "series" as seperate entities. -- Cat out 14:13, 28 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Its just the engine was upgraded in season 2, that was all. -Dynamo_ace Talk
 * Well, I neither object nor support the issue either way, but have modified the infobox to have an "image8". -- Cat out 14:18, 28 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Thanks, do you want to do the edit or me? -Dynamo_ace Talk
 * You are welcome to do it, I do not mind it either way. -- Cat out 15:30, 28 July 2006 (UTC)
 * It doesn't seem to be working, when i add Image8 it duplicates the image7. -Dynamo_ace Talk
 * Try now. -- Cat out 16:24, 28 July 2006 (UTC)

Digimon
Do you ever think 'they' will ever play the Digimon series 1-4 on a common channel, at a common time again? JaJaon 15:48, 1 August 2006 (UTC)

I would hope so, but the current state of play suggests otherwise -Dynamo_ace Talk

CCS external links
Hi, this is in response to the discussion thread you started in my talk page. According to External links and What Wikipedia is not, excess links to fansites and fanlistings, etc. should not be added in an article, Wikipedia isn't a web directory, after all. For example, if you look at recent featured articles, such as today's, Simon Byrne, it doesn't contain a single external link at all. If you look at most anime and manga articles at the Japanese Wikipedia, there aren't any fansites whatsoever. The Cardcaptor Sakura article's external links section has been tagged for cleanup, rightfully so, and in my opinion, I think the entire article should not be degraded or considered as being tagged for cleanup merely due to some fansites; you see, it can degrade the efforts of a lot of honest editors who are trying to improve the article's quality.  Ganryuu  ( talk )  19:14, 9 September 2006 (UTC)

Regarding your Yager edit
Please edit without using inflammatory edit summaries. There is no reason to rock the boat when you could have made the same edit without being antagonistic. Chicken Wing 23:00, 26 September 2006 (UTC)

Hi, DynamoAce! I'm here and I read your message. The US Cardcaptor pic is from Michael's Cardcaptors and the one from the Aus Version, I found it on google image search. When do we begin? ~Queenrp

WP:AIV
I've delisted the entry you placed on AIV regarding User:A_Man_In_Black. There is not OBVIOUS VANDALISM going on that I can see. Please note that A_Man_In_Black is also a wikipedia administrator. This does NOT mean that they are infalible, but that generally they are positive contributors. If you feel there is something going on that can't be worked out on talk pages, please try The Admin Noticeboard Incidents Page. Thank you, — xaosflux  Talk  22:55, 14 October 2006 (UTC)
 * I'm really not up for mediating this dispute. If you think an admin is out of line, please start a thread at Administrators' noticeboard/Incidents.  If these actions are not concerning the use of administrator privledges, then please see Resolving disputes for options.  If you believe that the actions are OBVIOUS VANDALISM then relist on WP:AIV, I won't delist again but leave it for another sysop.  Thank you, —  xaosflux  Talk  23:03, 14 October 2006 (UTC)

Your vandalism warnings
I've reverted your doubled-up vandalism warnings to my user talk page. Removal of unsourced information is NOT vandalism, and NO vandalism requires a double-warning, PARTICULARLY not a test-3 and a test-4. Please be advised that in future, the definition of vandalism should be construed more narrowly. 138.130.165.178 09:05, 19 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Please understand that reverting "vandalism" and warning "anonymous vandals" is not a game. By warning me twice, you accepted both that my actions were vandalism, and that they merited the two top warnings, instead of starting with test1. 138.130.165.178 09:34, 19 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Oh, and I did fill in the editsummary box. 138.130.165.178 09:35, 19 October 2006 (UTC)
 * You seem to have a very misguided notion of the nature of vandal-fighting. Vandal fighting exists to prevent damage to the encyclopedia from those who are deliberately seeking out to harm it. You obviously seem to think that it's a game. You are seriously mistaken. I really couldn't care less about your "differnent procedure" for warning "vandals". What I do care about is your treatment of me as a vandal, for removing unsourced material from a page. You also inadvertantly double-warned me. Please construe the idea of "vandalism" a little more narrowly in the future. 138.130.165.178 09:26, 20 October 2006 (UTC)
 * I've responded to your comments, or will do so in the next few minutes. 138.130.165.178 13:01, 20 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Seriously, Dynamo_Ace, what the hell are you on about? You warn a decent contributor, you don't revert an edit but give the warn... In my days as a vandal fighter (2000+ edits on my actual account, don't ask - take me to MedCab if you must) we assumed good faith, knew what vandalism was (which you seem to have totally lost here) and only warned if we felt an edit deserved to be reverted. "Don't shoot the messenger," an old saying, and one totally irrelevant here. If you're in CVU, or do a fair bit of RC patrol, I'd question just how negative an impace you're having on Wikipedia's image when incorrectly dealing with newcomers.

 * Sure, there are vandals. We have Lupin's tool, we have VP2, we have MWT, we have VS, VF, everything. We revert. Life goes on. We see a decent edit. We feel happy. We give the person a . But under no circumstances do we ignore rules with no real justification as to why. Policy has been established for years, and is there for a reason. So please, don't bite the newcomers. Last time I checked, removing unjustified, irrelevant, idiotic warning templates was acceptable. And its his user page. Be reasonable. --59.167.223.241 13:12, 20 October 2006 (UTC)

 * This debate is now settled, i have pardoned the anon user and allowed him\her to remove the comments. IMO, i was acting rashly. --Dynamo_ace 13:24, 20 October 2006 (UTC)

Vandalism warnings and WP:AIV
Hello, I noticed one of the reports you made to WP:AIV, and saw that the user you reported was not properly warned. When warning vandals you should use the test1, test2, test3... progression of warnings, instead of immediately using test4. Then report them to WP:AIV if they have been warned up to test4, and vandalise again. For more info see WP:VAND. Thanks, Prodego  talk  16:23, 19 November 2006 (UTC)

 * It is very important to assume good faith, and using the test message progression is an extention of this. You should not warn a user until the first message was read (never give two warnings at the same time), and you should always make sure a user isn't just testing, and is definitly vandalising. Here you warned a user twice for a single blanking, and the user had already reverted the edit. Here a selftest warning should be used, pointing the newbie to the sandbox. Please read more about this at WP:VAND, it has information like this there. If you have any questions about this, please let me know, Prodego  talk  22:03, 19 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Yes, in fact it is necessary that we treat these newbies that represent some percent of the 'vandals' well, so that they can become new members of the community, and allow us to keep up with the expansion of the encyclopedia. Prodego  talk  22:24, 19 November 2006 (UTC)

Couple of reminders
Hi,

When using certain template tags on talk pages, don't forget to substitute with text by adding subst: to the template tag. For example, use {{subst:test}} instead of {{test}}. This reduces server load and prevents accidental blanking of the template.

Also: Hello. In case you didn't know, when you add content to talk pages and Wikipedia pages that have open discussion, you should sign your posts by typing four tildes ( ~~~~ ) at the end of your comment. You may also click on the signature button located above the edit window. This will automatically insert a signature with your name and the time you posted the comment. This information is useful because other editors will be able to tell who said what, and when. Thank you!

Thanks! :)

Hbackman 00:29, 4 December 2006 (UTC)

Merry Christmas!
 Merry Christmas, and  May the Edit be with you, always. T- borg (drop me a line)  19:42, 24 December 2006 (UTC)

MOVIES INFO
I must insist on gathering more information about the two Cardcaptor movies, perhaps even creating a new page for them. Thank you very much. Uioh 23:58, 28 December 2006 (UTC)

I am sorry to disturb you, Dynamo Ace, but I wish to request for your permission for me myself to create the two new pages about the Cardcaptor movies. I have researched them, and I have found quite a bit of info about them. Please reply. Thank you. Uioh 15:58, 29 December 2006 (UTC)

Dyanamo Ace, I beg your forgiveness that it has taken me so long to even successfully complete one page about a Cardcaptor movie, but I made a huge mistake and everything I had typed was deleted. Luckily, I remembered most of what I wrote and rewrote the article. I ask for your opinion of what I have written. Please send me a message that expresses your opinion, please. The page is Cardcaptor: The Movie 2 (The Sealed Card). Thank you very much. Also, I am currently working on a page with the first movie, but since my knowledge of it is currently insufficient, it might take me a while, so please give me a bit of time to work on it. Once again, thank you.

I have at last successfully finished the article about the first movie. Please let me know your opinion about it. The page is: Cardcaptors: The First Movie. Thank you very much. Uioh 19:40, 30 December 2006 (UTC)

Thanks
Thanks for the work you did on the Deus Ex MJ-12 article in reverting A man in black`s edits. Exiledone 17:26, 3 January 2007 (UTC)

Some reminders about the warning templates
Hi, I noticed that you've posted several warning templates as just "". Three reminders: You might want to refer to the guidelines for dealing with vandalism, here. -- Jim Douglas (talk) (contribs)  22:34, 24 January 2007 (UTC)
 * 1) Always use subst;
 * 2) Tell the editor what article you're talking about, for example:  George W. Bush ;
 * 3) And sign your posts with  ~ .

Hey, there. :)
Thanks for reporting that IP to WP:AIV. I've identified it as belonging to an educational network in... Missouri, I think it was? Blocked for a week, will set down longer blocks if abuse continues. – Luna Santin  (talk) 19:50, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

why the warning?
I dont understand why you claim I'm a vandal and was lying in the Basil Brush posting. what I sad was truthful - after all I was there - you were not. If you delete any more of my (few) postings I'll have to assume YOU are the vandal which you seem to like to accuse others of being. And treat you as such 81.86.230.16 00:12, 25 February 2007 (UTC)

Confusing message
Hello, you left a confusing message on my IP address' usertalk page. I seldom edit wikipedia so I don't log in to do edits. You told me a change I made (presumably to Animal Farm) had been reverted. Not only had my change not been reverted, it was actually the removal of vandalism and reverting it would have been ridiculous. I think you should probably be a bit less zealous in your approach because you may well start 'scaring' people from editing Wikipedia in the future. --81.174.241.227 23:05, 17 April 2007 (UTC)

Image:Belldandy (Oh My Goddess!).png
Hello, Dynamo ace. An automated process has found and removed an image or media file tagged as nonfree media, and thus is being used under fair use that was in your userspace. The image (Image:Belldandy (Oh My Goddess!).png) was found at the following location: User:Dynamo ace. This image or media was attempted to be removed per criterion number 9 of our non-free content policy. The image or media was replaced with Image:NonFreeImageRemoved.svg, so your formatting of your userpage should be fine. Please find a free image or    media to replace it with, and or remove the image from your userspace. User:Gnome (Bot)-talk 01:27, 14 May 2007 (UTC)

AIV report
Thank you for making a report on Administrator intervention against vandalism. Reporting and removing vandalism is vital to the functioning of Wikipedia and all users are encouraged to revert, warn, and report vandalism. However, administrators are generally only able to block users if they have received a recent final warning (one that mentions that the user may be blocked) and they have recently vandalized after that warning was given. The reported user has not yet been blocked because it appears this has not occurred yet. If this user continues to vandalize even after their final warning, please report them to the AIV noticeboard again.  An as  talk? 10:58, 21 May 2007 (UTC)

 * As with, please don't report IP vandals to WP:AIV unless they're up to a level 4 warning, have a long history of vandalism (e.g. belong to a school) or in the middle of a spree. Special:Contributions/76.183.233.122 made two vandalism edits today and have no warnings issued to them and so was not blocked. Please see WP:UTM for a full list of warning you can issue. Thanks. --  Netsnipe  ►  18:52, 4 June 2007 (UTC)

DarkMasterIII
Hi. Thanks for raising this issue, but AIV is not really the best place to do so because it is not obvious vandalism. You may want to consider raising it at WP:ANI. Cheers TigerShark 11:27, 26 May 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject Japan taskforces
In order to encourage more participation, and to help people find a specific area in which they are more able to help out, we have organized taskforces at WikiProject Japan. Please visit the Participants page and update the list with the taskforces in which you wish to participate. Links to all the taskforces are found at the top of the list of participants.

Please let me know if you have any questions, and thank you for helping out! ··· 日本穣 ? · Talk to Nihonjoe 08:33, 7 August 2007 (UTC)

I have a question
I have a question I need to ask. Is it alright if I was to ask you? U-Two 23:03, 31 August 2007 (UTC)

Oh My Goddess!
You are aware that the articles have been mass blanked I hope. :) -- Cat chi? 19:41, 25 September 2007 (UTC)
 * It hasn't appeared on my watchlist. But i did revert one case of Vandalism on the Belldandy article. --Dynamo_ace 10:00, 26 September 2007 (UTC)
 * See the talk page of the episode list. All the episode articles have been ruled non-notable (and hence removed) until out-of-universe information could be found. I am looking for this information. I welcome you to assist. :) -- Cat chi? 10:47, 26 September 2007 (UTC)
 * I have noticed that many Anime episode lists have had their episode articles removed, so this isn't a AMG problem. Sadly, i can't really help you on this apart from one thing. I think there were two voice actors for Belldandy in the Dub, if that helps.

I have been having to revert a big flaming on the CC article as well by the way. --Dynamo_ace 10:55, 26 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Consider takeing a look at Wikipedia_talk:Notability_%28fiction%29. -- Cat chi? 18:00, 26 September 2007 (UTC)

Concerning your report on WP:AIV
Thank you for making a report at Administrator intervention against vandalism. Reporting and removing vandalism is vital to the functioning of Wikipedia and all users are encouraged to revert, warn, and report vandalism. However, administrators generally only block users if they have received a recent final warning (one that mentions that the user may be blocked) and they have recently vandalized after that warning was given. The reported user has not yet been blocked because it appears this has not occurred yet. If this user continues to vandalize after their final warning, please report them to the AIV noticeboard again. -- Maxim (talk)  19:16, 26 September 2007 (UTC)
 * I won't block after a test1 nor would any other admin. Also, put a link to your talkpage/userpage in your signature. It's easier to communicate with you.  Maxim (talk)  19:21, 26 September 2007 (UTC)
 * We can handle vandals, and cyberbullies are blocked. They don't know your exact e-mail, so how can they stalk you? : ) Also, I think you might be interested in WP:VAND and WP:UTM. -- Maxim (talk)  19:29, 26 September 2007 (UTC)

Oh My Goddess!

 * A goddess descends to your talk page

Hi, I noticed your username appears on this category and would like to invite you to take part in a general improvement drive on all articles relevant to Oh My Goddess! including character articles, episode articles and others. -- Cat chi? 20:52, 9 October 2007 (UTC)

AMG Improvement drive
What is exactly required in terms of improvements? --Dynamo_ace 21:15, 9 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Well, we need more out of universe information for sure, as well as citations (such as in universe citation as well as out-of universe ones). We need a lot of improvement if we seek these articles to be featured. My strategic long-term goal is to make all of these articles featured. -- Cat chi? 22:06, 9 October 2007 (UTC)
 * My recommendation is to follow the example of the FFX charcather articles i think, those have "Survived" for a long time. What about the interviews in the magazines and TV specials? I myself could provide Widescreen pictures of the charathers if need be. And we also need a spoken word version of some of the articles. --Dynamo_ace 11:25, 10 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Interviews and TV specials on the series would be most useful. Spoken versions would be useful after we get featured articles... After all the content will change significantly to that end. Screenshots are fine but first we need content to compliment the screen shots. -- Cat chi? 11:31, 10 October 2007 (UTC)
 * The first place to go for interviews is the first DVD on the anime series (Either US or UK version). --Dynamo_ace 12:27, 10 October 2007 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Dynamo ace (talk • contribs)
 * Sadly I do not own the dvds. Do you? -- Cat chi? 12:32, 10 October 2007 (UTC)

re User:Bdodo1992 report to AIV
Hi. I have removed this report from AIV since it is apparent upon review that Bdodo1992 is removing vandalism. I suspect that you made a mistake between the vandal and the person clearing it up, and I wish to apologise for using the term "trolling" when removing your report since I should have WP:AGF'd. Sorry. Cheers. LessHeard vanU 13:06, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

Cardcaptors
Please remember to assume good faith and not make accusations about editors in your edit summaries or make summaries that appear to be claiming ownership of articles. The tags on this article are valid, so please do not remove them until the issues are addressed. It needs a lot of clean up and sourcing to improve its quality. I removed the episode list because it was incorrect. It was the full CCS episode list, not the Cardcaptors list. A new list, as a separate article, is being worked on now by the Anime and Manga project and it will be added to the article when done. Collectonian (talk) 12:11, 12 January 2008 (UTC)

Motto of the day
Hello, I notice you're using one of the motd templates, run by Motto of the day. You may have noticed that some of the mottos recently have been followed by a date from 2006, or on occasion simply "Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia". The reason for this is that Motto of the day is in some very serious need of help. Participation in the project, which has never been especially high, has dropped considerably over this past summer, to the point we have had several days where no motto was scheduled to appear at all. Over the past several weeks, I've been the only editor scheduling mottos at all, but there aren't enough comments on some of these mottos to justify their use. If we do not get some help - and soon - your daily mottos will stop. In order for us to continue updating these templates for you, we need your help.

When you get a chance between your normal editing, could you stop by our nominations page and leave a few comments on some of the mottos there, especially those that do not have any comments yet? This works very simply; you read a motto, decide whether or not you like it, and post your opinion just below the motto. That's it - no experience required, just an idea of what you personally like and what you feel reflects Wikipedia and its community. If you do have past experience with the project, then please close some of the older nominations once they've got a decent consensus going. There are directions on the nominations page on how to do this.

If you have any questions, please let me know, or post on the project's talk page. I'm looking forward to reading your comments on the suggested mottos, and any additional suggestions you'd like to make. Until then, happy editing! Hers fold  (t/a/c) 01:39, 4 September 2008 (UTC)

Historic Coventry edit-a-thon at Herbert Art Gallery and Museum, Coventry
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Asian 10,000 Challenge invite
Hi. The WikiProject Asia/The 10,000 Challenge has recently started, based on the UK/Ireland The 10,000 Challenge and WikiProject Africa/The 10,000 Challenge. The idea is not to record every minor edit, but to create a momentum to motivate editors to produce good content improvements and creations and inspire people to work on more countries than they might otherwise work on. There's also the possibility of establishing smaller country or regional challenges for places like South East Asia, Japan/China or India etc, much like The 1000 Challenge (Nordic). For this to really work we need diversity and exciting content and editors from a broad range of countries regularly contributing. At some stage we hope to run some contests to benefit Asian content, a destubathon perhaps, aimed at reducing the stub count would be a good place to start, based on the current WikiProject Africa/The Africa Destubathon which has produced near 200 articles in just three days. If you would like to see this happening for Asia, and see potential in this attracting more interest and editors for the country/countries you work on please sign up and being contributing to the challenge! This is a way we can target every country of Asia, and steadily vastly improve the encyclopedia. We need numbers to make this work so consider signing up as a participant! Thank you. -- Ser Amantio di Nicolao Che dicono a Signa?Lo dicono a Signa. 01:54, 20 October 2016 (UTC)

title: User talk:Dynamo ace


text:
User talk:Catheee

Hi Everyone, I just joined Wikipedia, so I hope I am typing this in the right place! (If this is in the wrong place, please feel free to delete or move it). I read about Wikipedia in Time Magazine and was immediately fascinated! I am very excited about joining this community and helping to build the best and most complete encyclopedia in the world! I absolutely believe that, with people from all over the globe who specialize in a myriad of different areas, we can have the most extensive and accurate encyclopedia ever written! My own subject matter is deaf education: Specifically, Bilingual-Bicultural Deaf Education. I posted a note on the discussion page for the American Sign Language article because there is no link there to Bi-Bi Deaf Education. In the interest of being neutral and balanced, I think there should be since Wikipedia does have articles on competing philosophies and methods such as oralism, Cued Speech, and auditory-verbal. While I know a great deal about Bilingual-Bicultural Deaf education, I am not yet well versed enough in Wiki how-to, to create an article by myself. If someone would like to work with me to create such an article that would be linked to the ASL page, I would be very grateful for the assistance. I don't mind whose name goes on the addition, as long as it gets added. I have numerous references and sources for Bi-Bi which would help create an excellent article. Thanks for reading this and please add a note if this is a project you would like to help me with! Thank you for your patience with this new user!

Catheee

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Catheee


text:
Yasuhito, Prince Chichibu

Yasuhito, Prince Chichibu (秩父宮雍仁親王) was the second son of Emperor Taishō (Yoshihito) and Empress Teimei (Sadako), a younger brother of Emperor Shōwa (Hirohito) and a general in the Imperial Japanese Army. As a member of the Imperial House of Japan, he was the patron of several sporting, medical, and international exchange organizations. Before and after World War II, the English-speaking prince and his wife attempted to foster good relations between Japan and the United Kingdom and enjoyed a good rapport with the British royal family. As with other Japanese imperial princes of his generation, he was an active-duty career officer in the Imperial Japanese Army. Like all members of the imperial family, he was exonerated from criminal prosecutions before the International Military Tribunal for the Far East by Douglas MacArthur.

Background and family
Born at Aoyama Detached Palace in Tokyo, the second son of Crown Prince Yoshihito (later Emperor Taishō) and Crown Princess Sadako (later Empress Teimei), the prince was originally titled Atsu no miya (Prince Atsu). He and his elder brother were separated from their parents and entrusted to the care of a respected ex-naval officer, Count Sumiyoshi Kawamura and his wife. After Kawamura died in 1904, the young princes rejoined their parents at the Tōgū-gosho (Crown Prince's residence) on the grounds of the Akasaka estate. He attended the elementary and secondary departments of the Gakushuin Peers' School along with Crown Prince Hirohito, and his younger brother, Prince Nobuhito (born in 1905). (A fourth brother, Prince Takahito, was born in 1915). Prince Chichibu enrolled in the Central Military Preparatory School in 1917 and then in the Imperial Japanese Army Academy in 1922.

On 26 May 1922, Emperor Taishō granted his second son the title Chichibu no miya and the authorization to start a new branch of the imperial family. In 1925, the Prince went to Great Britain to study at Magdalen College, Oxford. While in Great Britain King George V decorated Prince Chichibu with the Grand Cross of the Royal Victorian Order. Prince Chichibu had a reputation as an outdoorsman and alpinist during his stay in Europe. He returned to Japan in January 1927 following the death of Emperor Taishō, who for some time had suffered from debilitating physical and mental ill-health. Until the birth of his nephew, Crown Prince Akihito in December 1933, Prince Chichibu was heir presumptive to the Chrysanthemum throne.

Marriage
On 28 September 1928, the prince married Matsudaira Setsuko (9 September 1909 – 25 August 1995), the daughter of Matsudaira Tsuneo, Japanese ambassador to the United States and later Great Britain (and later, Imperial Household Minister), and his wife, the former Nabeshima Nobuko. Although technically born a commoner, the new princess was a scion of the Matsudaira of Aizu, a cadet branch of the Tokugawa shogunate. Her paternal grandfather was Matsudaira Katamori, the last daimyō of Aizu, whose heir had been created a viscount in the new kazoku system in 1884. Prince and Princess Chichibu had no children, as Princess Chichibu's only pregnancy ended in a miscarriage.

Military career

Prince Chichibu received his commission as a second lieutenant in the infantry in October 1922 and was assigned to the First Imperial Guard Division. He was promoted to first lieutenant in 1925 and became a captain in 1930 after graduation from the Army War College. He received a promotion to the rank of major and assigned to command the Thirty First Infantry Division stationed at Hirosaki, Aomori in August 1935. Prince Chichibu was a vehement ultra-right-wing militarist who increasingly influenced Japanese military policy in the prewar era.

Prince Chichibu has been implicated by some historians in the abortive 26 February Incident in 1936. How much of a role he actually played in that event remains unclear, but it was clear that he was sympathetic to the rebels and that his political sentiments were in agreement with them, i.e., replacement of the corrupt political party based government with a military dictatorship under direct control of the emperor. His sympathy to the Kodoha faction within the Imperial Japanese Army was well known at the time. After the assassination of prime minister Inukai Tsuyoshi in 1932, he had many violent arguments with his brother, Emperor Hirohito, about the suspension of the constitution and the implementation of direct imperial rule.

After the coup attempt, the prince and his wife were sent on a tour of Western Europe taking several months. They represented Japan at the May 1937 coronation of King George VI and Queen Elizabeth of the United Kingdom in Westminster Abbey and subsequently visited Sweden and the Netherlands as the guests of King Gustaf V and Queen Wilhelmina, respectively. This tour ended with the visit of Nuremberg in Germany by the prince alone. There he attended the Nuremberg rally and met Adolf Hitler, with whom he tried to boost relations. At Nuremberg Castle, Hitler launched a scathing attack against Joseph Stalin, after which the prince privately said to his aide-de-camp Masaharu Homma: "Hitler is an actor, it will be difficult to trust him". Nevertheless, he remained convinced that the future of Japan was linked to Nazi Germany and in 1938 and 1939, he had many quarrels with the Emperor about the opportunity to join a military alliance with Germany against Great Britain and the United States.

Prince Chichibu Yasuhito was subsequently appointed battalion commander of Thirty-First Infantry Regiment in August 1937, promoted to lieutenant colonel in March 1938 and to colonel in August 1939. During the war, he was involved in combat operations, and was sent to Manchukuo before the Nomonhan incident and to Nanjing after the Nanjing Massacre. On 9 February 1939, Chichibu attended a lecture on bacteriological warfare, given by Shirō Ishii, in the War Ministry Grand Conference Hall in Tokyo. He also attended vivisection demonstrations by Ishii.

According to a version told in her memoirs by Princess Chichibu (Setsuko), according to which the prince retired from active duty after being diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis in June 1940, spent most of World War II convalescing at his villa in Gotemba, Shizuoka Prefecture, on the eastern foot of Mount Fuji and never really recovering from his illness. He was promoted to major general in March 1945.

Patronage
After World War II, Prince Chichibu was honorary head of many athletic organizations, and was nicknamed the "sporting Prince" due to his efforts to promote skiing, rugby and other sports. He was also honorary President of both the Japan–British Society and the Swedish Society of Japan. He was a supporter of Scouting in Japan and attended the Fourth International Conference in 1926.

Rugby union

The prince was also instrumental in securing the development of rugby union in Japan. He was "converted" to rugby after the JRFU president, Shigeru Kayama, returned from a long sea voyage and was able to "market" the game to Prince Chichibu.

After his death, the Tokyo Rugby Stadium in Kita-Aoyama 2-chome was renamed Chichibunomiya Rugby Stadium. A statue of Prince Chichibu in rugby kit was erected there.

Death
Prince Chichibu died from tuberculosis at his Kugenuma villa in Fujisawa, Kanagawa on 4 January 1953. His remains were cremated and the ashes buried at Toshimagaoka Cemetery (豊島岡墓地), Bunkyō, Tokyo, on 12 January 1953.

Patrilineal descent

 * Imperial House of Japan

 * 1) Descent prior to Keitai is unclear to modern historians, but traditionally traced back patrilineally to Emperor Jimmu
 * 2) Emperor Keitai, ca. 450–534
 * 3) Emperor Kinmei, 509–571
 * 4) Emperor Bidatsu, 538–585
 * 5) Prince Oshisaka, ca. 556–???
 * 6) Emperor Jomei, 593–641
 * 7) Emperor Tenji, 626–671
 * 8) Prince Shiki, ???–716
 * 9) Emperor Kōnin, 709–786
 * 10) Emperor Kanmu, 737–806
 * 11) Emperor Saga, 786–842
 * 12) Emperor Ninmyō, 810–850
 * 13) Emperor Kōkō, 830–867
 * 14) Emperor Uda, 867–931
 * 15) Emperor Daigo, 885–930
 * 16) Emperor Murakami, 926–967
 * 17) Emperor En'yū, 959–991
 * 18) Emperor Ichijō, 980–1011
 * 19) Emperor Go-Suzaku, 1009–1045
 * 20) Emperor Go-Sanjō, 1034–1073
 * 21) Emperor Shirakawa, 1053–1129
 * 22) Emperor Horikawa, 1079–1107
 * 23) Emperor Toba, 1103–1156
 * 24) Emperor Go-Shirakawa, 1127–1192
 * 25) Emperor Takakura, 1161–1181
 * 26) Emperor Go-Toba, 1180–1239
 * 27) Emperor Tsuchimikado, 1196–1231
 * 28) Emperor Go-Saga, 1220–1272
 * 29) Emperor Go-Fukakusa, 1243–1304
 * 30) Emperor Fushimi, 1265–1317
 * 31) Emperor Go-Fushimi, 1288–1336
 * 32) Emperor Kōgon, 1313–1364
 * 33) Emperor Sukō, 1334–1398
 * 34) Prince Yoshihito Fushimi, 1351–1416
 * 35) Prince Sadafusa Fushimi, 1372–1456
 * 36) Emperor Go-Hanazono, 1419–1471
 * 37) Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado, 1442–1500
 * 38) Emperor Go-Kashiwabara, 1464–1526
 * 39) Emperor Go-Nara, 1495–1557
 * 40) Emperor Ōgimachi, 1517–1593
 * 41) Prince Masahito, 1552–1586
 * 42) Emperor Go-Yōzei, 1572–1617
 * 43) Emperor Go-Mizunoo, 1596–1680
 * 44) Emperor Reigen, 1654–1732
 * 45) Emperor Higashiyama, 1675–1710
 * 46) Prince Naohito Kanin, 1704–1753
 * 47) Prince Sukehito Kanin, 1733–1794
 * 48) Emperor Kōkaku, 1771–1840
 * 49) Emperor Ninkō, 1800–1846
 * 50) Emperor Kōmei, 1831–1867
 * 51) Emperor Meiji, 1852–1912
 * 52) Emperor Taishō, 1879–1926
 * 53) Yasuhito, Prince Chichibu

title: Yasuhito, Prince Chichibu


text:
June Brigman

June Brigman (born October 25, 1960) is an American comic book artist and illustrator. She is best known for creating the preteen superhero characters Power Pack with writer Louise Simonson in 1984. Brigman was the artist of the syndicated newspaper strip Brenda Starr, Reporter from 1995 to 2011 and in 2016 became the artist for the newspaper strip Mary Worth.

Early life
June Brigman grew up in Atlanta. Her artistic influences included Stan Drake, Gil Kane, and Walt Simonson. She attended Georgia State University and the University of Georgia.

Career
Brigman broke into comics with AC Comics in 1983. A sample Astron story (eventually published by AC in 1986) earned her a job with DC Comics in 1984. Later, she worked instead for Marvel Comics, where she worked on Power Pack, a series she penciled on and off until issue #17. For the next seven years, Brigman worked exclusively for Marvel, mostly on short runs; she also contributed illustrations to various editions of The Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe.

Brigman pencilled DC's Supergirl mini-series in 1994, following that with 1995's Dark Horse Comics' Star Wars mini-series River of Chaos (which was written by her former Power Pack collaborator Louise Simonson).

In 1995, Brigman took over as artist for the syndicated newspaper comic strip Brenda Starr, Reporter and stayed on until the strip ended in 2011. In addition, she has illustrated (and colored) the Where in the World is Carmen Sandiego? comic strip for National Geographic World magazine. Brigman also illustrated a series of Star Wars novels and Choose Your Own Adventure books for Bantam Doubleday Dell. In 2005, Puffin Books published Brigman's Black Beauty adaptation graphic novel.

She returned to Marvel in 2010 with a new Power Pack story in Girl Comics #3, teaming up with Simonson again. Subsequently she pencilled two issues of Herc in 2011. For DC, she pencilled Convergence Superman: Man of Steel #1–2 (written by Louise Simonson) and Convergence Infinity Inc. #2 in 2015. From 2016 to 2017 she created several variant covers for different Marvel series. Also in 2016, Brigman became the artist of the Mary Worth newspaper comic strip. Her husband, Roy Richardson, had already inked, colored and lettered her syndicated strip Brenda Starr, Reporter and did the same on Mary Worth.

As a teacher, Brigman has worked at times as an instructor at The Joe Kubert School of Cartoon and Graphic Art in Dover, New Jersey, since 2005. She also worked part-time as a professor of sequential art at the Atlanta branch of Savannah College of Art and Design for several years until summer of 2018. As of 2021 she works as a professor of comic storytelling art at Kennesaw State University's School of Art and Design.

In 2018, she joined new comics publisher Ahoy Comics as penciller and cover artist of Captain Ginger, written by Stuart Moore. The next year, she reunited with Simonson for a Power Pack oneshot for Marvel.

In April 2022, Brigman was reported among the more than three dozen comics creators who contributed to Operation USA's benefit anthology book, Comics for Ukraine: Sunflower Seeds, a project spearheaded by IDW Publishing Special Projects Editor Scott Dunbier, whose profits would be donated to relief efforts for Ukrainian refugees resulting from the February 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. Brigman teamed up with writer Louise Simonson to produce an original story with new characters created specifically for the anthology.

In 2024, Marvel Comics published the five-issue retro series Power Pack: Into the Storm with art by June Brigman and written by Louise Simonson, with a story, that takes place during their original Power Pack run.

AC Comics

 * Venture #1 (1986)

Ahoy Comics

 * Captain Ginger #1–4 (2018–2019)
 * Captain Ginger Season Two #1–6 (2020)
 * FCBD: Dragonfly and Dragonflyman #1 (Captain Ginger story) (2019)

ComicMix

 * Mine! OGN (Captain Ginger story) (2018)

CrossGen Comics

 * Sojourn #12 (2002)
 * Meridian #27–28, 31–32 (2002–2003)

Dark Horse

 * Star Wars: River of Chaos #1–4 (1995)

DC

 * Convergence Infinity Inc. #2 (2015)
 * Convergence Superman: Man of Steel #1–2 (2015)
 * General Mills Presents Justice League #3 (promo) (2016)
 * Legion of Superheroes vol. 4 #37 (1992)
 * New Talent Showcase #4 (1984)
 * New Titans #89 (1992)
 * Newstime #1 (1993)
 * Supergirl #1–4 (1994)
 * Supergirl/Lex Luthor Special #1 (1993)
 * Who's Who: The Definitive Directory of the DC Universe #13 (1985)
 * Who's Who: The Definitive Directory of the DC Universe: Update '87 #4 (1987)

IDW

 * Comics for Ukraine: Sunflower Seeds (anthology) (2022)

Marvel

 * Alpha Flight #45–46, 49–50, 52, 100, Annual #2 (1987, 1991)
 * Avengers Spotlight #38 (1990)
 * Barbie #3–4, 8, 12, 19 (1991–1992)
 * Barbie Fashion #5 (1991)
 * Captain Planet and the Planeteers #8 (1992)
 * Cheap Trick: Busted (promo) (1990)
 * Classic X-Men #29 (1989)
 * Cloak and Dagger #11 (1987)
 * Daredevil Annual #7–8 (1991–1992)
 * Fantastic Four #5 (2014)
 * Girl Comics #3 (Power Pack) (2010)
 * Herc #7–8 (2011)
 * Marvel Age Annual #1 (1985)
 * Marvel Comics Presents #36 (1989)
 * Marvel Fanfare #25, 33 (1986–1987)
 * Marvel Illustrated: Swimsuit Issue #1 (1991)
 * New Mutants #56, Annual #4 (1987–1988)
 * Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe #9, 12 (1983)
 * Official Handbook of the Marvel Universe Deluxe Edition #5–8, 12–13, 19 (1986–1987)
 * Power Pack #1–17, 44–45, Holiday Special (1984–1985, 1989, 1992)
 * Power Pack: Grow Up #1 (2019)
 * Power Pack: Into the Storm #1–5 (2024)
 * Savage Sword of Conan #100 (1984)
 * Sensational She-Hulk in Ceremony #1–2 (1990)
 * Solo Avengers # 9 (Hellcat co-feature) (1988)
 * Spider-Man and Power Pack #1 (promo) (1984)
 * Strange Tales #13–14 (Cloak and Dagger) (1988)
 * Uncanny X-Men #204 (1986)
 * Web of Spider-Man Annual #6 (1990)
 * Women of Marvel #1 (among others) (2021)
 * What The--?! #1 (1988)
 * X-Factor #20 (1987)

Puffin Books

 * Black Beauty GN (2005)

Teshkeel Comics

 * The 99 #4 (2008)

Topps

 * The Marriage of Hercules and Xena #1 (1998)
 * Return to Jurassic Park #9 (1996)

Syndicated Comic Strips

 * Brenda Starr, Reporter (1995–2011)
 * Mary Worth (2016–)

title: June Brigman


text:
Tommy Gorman

Thomas Patrick Gorman (June 9, 1886 – May 15, 1961), known as "T.P." or "Tommy", was a Canadian ice hockey executive, sports entrepreneur and athlete. Gorman was a founder of the National Hockey League (NHL), won the Stanley Cup seven times as a general manager with four teams, and an Olympic gold medal-winning lacrosse player for Canada.

Early years
Gorman was born in Ottawa, Ontario. He was one of six children born to Thomas Patrick Gorman and Mary K Gorman (née MacDonald). He was a parliamentary page boy as a youth, but sports were his love. He was the youngest member of the Canadian lacrosse team that won the gold medal (only two teams competed) at the 1908 Summer Olympics. He then played professionally for a number of seasons. Gorman became a sports writer at the Ottawa Citizen, eventually becoming the sports editor. He worked at the newspaper until 1921.

Sports career
Even though he had never played hockey, Mr. Gorman was a talented evaluator of talent. Ted Dey, principal owner of the Ottawa Senators of the National Hockey Association, had trouble recruiting players for the 1916–17 season and hired Mr. Gorman to do the task. He did it so capably that he was hired as secretary-treasurer.

In November 1917, Gorman, George Kennedy, Sam Lichtenhein and Mike Quinn all played a part in suspending the NHA and forming the National Hockey League in an effort to rid themselves of Toronto NHA owner Eddie Livingstone. Gorman became the manager and part-owner of the Senators at that time. He helped lead the team to Stanley Cups in 1920, 1921, and 1923. He sold his interest in the Senators in 1925 to Frank Ahearn and became manager-coach of the New York Americans, introducing professional hockey to New York City.

He resigned from the Americans in 1929 to get involved in horse racing. He managed the Agua Caliente Racetrack in Mexico from 1929 until 1932. In 1932, Gorman brought the horse Phar Lap to Mexico where the horse won the $100,000 Agua Caliente Handicap before dying under mysterious circumstances in San Francisco. When the president of Agua Caliente sold the racetrack in 1932, Gorman was briefly out of sports.

Late in the 1932–33 season, he was hired as coach of the Chicago Black Hawks and became general manager as well the following season, building a defensive squad around Lionel Conacher and goalie Charlie Gardiner. He took the team from last place in their division in 1932–33 to their first Stanley Cup victory in 1934—despite scoring the fewest goals of any NHL team. Ten days after the Cup victory, Gorman resigned after a dispute with the owner. He went to Montreal as their manager-coach and helped the Montreal Maroons to their final Cup in 1935, thus becoming the first (and only) coach to win consecutive Stanley Cups with different teams. Gorman coached the Maroons until the club folded in 1938. In 1940, he became general manager of the Montreal Canadiens and led them to Cup victories in 1944 and 1946. He is the only person to manage four different teams to championships: the Senators, Black Hawks, Maroons and Canadiens. No other General Manager in the history of the NHL, Major League Baseball, the National Football League, or the National Basketball Association has won championships with four different teams.

Gorman was also a promoter. One of his flops was after he became manager-coach of the Montreal Maroons when he booked evangelist Aimee Semple McPherson at the Montreal Forum. Few people came. "No one wanted to be saved," he explained. However, some of his better promotions came when he was the Montreal Canadiens general manager. He had Duke Ellington and Frank Sinatra perform at the Forum.

After retiring as general manager of the Canadiens in 1946, Gorman bought the Ottawa Senators of the Quebec Senior Hockey League, managing it to win the Allan Cup in 1949. He took figure skater Barbara Ann Scott on a continental tour after she won the figure skating gold medal at the 1948 Winter Olympics. Gorman revived professional wrestling in Montreal and promoted it in Ottawa, and introduced professional baseball to Ottawa in 1951 with the Ottawa Giants of the International League.

In 1937, he took over management of the Connaught Park Racetrack, a horse race track in Aylmer QC, near Ottawa, of which he had been a part-owner since 1925. Gorman was managing the race track when he died of cancer at a hospital in Ottawa at the age of 74. He was the last living founder of the NHL. He has been inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame (1963), the Ottawa Sports Hall of Fame (1966), and the Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame (1977).

Family
Gorman was married in 1910 to Mary Westwick, sister of Rat Westwick, one of the "Silver Seven", and was an uncle to Bill Westwick. They had two daughters and two sons.

After Gorman returned to Ottawa, he and his sons operated the Ottawa Auditorium and Connaught Park. After Gorman's death from cancer in 1961, his sons continued to operate the Auditorium until its demolition in 1967 and Connaught until 1984.

title: Tommy Gorman


text:
Cathedral hull

A cathedral hull is a hull shape used in modern boats, usually power-driven. It has sponsons which extend almost as far forward as the main hull. The airspace between the hulls may be very small or nonexistent.

Depending on the proportions of the sponsons and the depth of the main hull, the cathedral hull can approach the handling characteristics of either the Hickman sea sled, or the vee hull. The naval architect first credited with the successful use of the deep-vee hull form, C. Raymond Hunt, was involved in the design of the original 13’ Boston Whaler. It is cathedral hulled forward, but nearly a flat-bottomed scow at the stern.

The term "cathedral hull" refers to the resemblance of a section through an inverted boat to that of a medieval cathedral.

Characteristics
The cathedral hull configuration tends to result in a very broad bow; many such boats are completely rectangular. This provides the maximum cargo or working space for a given length and beam. The hull shape is also very stable compared to a conventional v-shaped bottom, and in either light chop conditions or above 40 knot or so in certain conditions can be faster than a flat bottom, for the same weight, length and beam.

Cathedral hulls became popular in the 1960s and 1970s, when the use of fiberglass made economical production of this hull-form possible. The undesirable aspects of the cathedral hull are greater weight and cost, pounding in rough water, and a boxy appearance. Their advantages include high waterplane area at rest (good initial stability) a dry ride in light chop, and reasonable fuel economy at planing speeds. In exposed waters this hull form has been almost totally replaced by the modified-V and deep-V hull forms. After a period of reduced popularity, they live on in modified form as "deck boats" which are very popular in the inland lakes and rivers.

The Cathedral hull design was originated by Naval Architect Richard C. Cole for Thunderbird boats in North Miami, Florida in 1958.

title: Cathedral hull


text:
Bolesław II the Horned

Bolesław II the Horned (Bolesław II Rogatka), known also as Bolesław II the Bald (Bolesław II Łysy; c. 1220/5 – 26/31 December 1278), a member of the Silesian Piasts, was High Duke of Poland briefly in 1241 and Duke of Silesia at Wrocław from 1241 until 1248, when the duchy was divided between him and his brothers. After the partition, he ruled the Silesian Duchy of Legnica until his death. The second Mongol raid against Poland, led by Nogai Khan, occurred during his reign.

Family history
Bolesław was the eldest son of the Polish high duke Henry II the Pious by his wife Anna, a daughter of the Přemyslid king Ottokar I of Bohemia. His paternal grandparents were Henry the Bearded and Hedwig of Silesia. Among his younger siblings were Mieszko (died 1242), Henry III the White (d. 1266), Konrad II (d. 1274), Władysław (d. 1270), and Elisabeth (d. 1265), who married her Piast cousin Duke Przemysł I of Greater Poland.

Accession
Bolesław succeeded as Duke of Silesia after his father, Henry II the Pious, was killed in the Battle of Legnica on 9 April 1241, fighting against the Mongol invaders led by Batu Khan. At the time, he and his immediate younger brother Mieszko were the only heirs who had reached majority. Their mother Anna helped them during the transition; some sources even call this period a regency. The Mongol forces conquered most of Silesia, but then withdrew to Hungary.

After Henry's death, the Silesian Piasts were not able to maintain their supremacy in the Polish lands. Bolesław's inheritance, including the Southern Greater Polish estates and the Lesser Polish Seniorate Province was threatened by neighboring Piast dukes. By July 1241, his cousin Konrad I of Masovia tried to take over the Polish throne at Kraków. The local nobles, led by the Kraków governor Clement of Ruszczy, strongly resisted but eventually had to yield to Konrad's superior forces. Disappointed by Bolesław's lack of action, they turned their support to Bolesław V the Chaste, who ascended the Kraków throne in 1243.

There was a similar situation in Greater Poland: after hearing the news of the defeat of Henry II in Legnica, Duke Przemysł I and his brother Bolesław the Pious retook the estates of Kalisz which once had been ruled by their father, the late Duke Władysław Odonic. The local nobility supported them as the true heirs to those lands. Bolesław decided to avoid a fight and renounced all his Greater Poland lands. He tried to retain some districts, such as Santok and Międzyrzecz, but in 1247 the Dukes of Greater Poland ultimately forced Bolesław to resign all his rights to lands in Greater Poland.

First division of Lower Silesia
When in 1242, Bolesław next oldest brother Mieszko died suddenly without leaving an heir, his Lubusz estates reverted to Bolesław and his younger brothers became co-rulers of the Lower Silesian lands. When his brother Henry III the White came of age in 1247, however, he and his younger brothers revolted against Bolesław and even were able to imprison him shortly thereafter.

To regain freedom, Bolesław signed an agreement with Henry III, dividing the Lower Silesian lands of Legnica and Wrocław. To avoid further fragmentation, the two pledged to offer hospitality to their minor brothers, Bolesław to Konrad I, and Henry to Władysław. Bolesław, as the eldest, got first choice of the districts, and he chose the Legnica estates, possibly because of the gold discovery in the Kaczawa and Wierzbiak Rivers.

Duke of Legnica
Bolesław soon regretted his choice and tried to recover Wrocław. Henry III refused to surrender his new duchy, and war was inevitable. Both began preparing for battle, but didn't have adequate funds. Bolesław sought allies among the Ascanian relatives of his wife Hedwig, daughter of Count Henry I of Anhalt. Archbishop Wilbrand of Magdeburg contributed funds after Bolesław sold half of Lubusz Land to him.

The German aid only gave Bolesław a temporary advantage in the war against his brother. In 1249 his younger brother and co-ruler Konrad I unexpectedly returned to the country (after concluding his studies in Paris). Bolesław proposed him as Bishop of Passau, however, Konrad refused and began to press his own claims in Silesia. Bolesław opposed him, and the young prince took refuge at the court of the Dukes of Greater Poland, Bolesław's long-time enemy. Shortly after, Konrad reinforced his bonds with Duke Przemysł I after a double marriage: the Duke of Greater Poland married Konrad's sister Elizabeth, and Konrad married Duke Przemysł's sister, Salome.

The final clash occurred two years later, when the Bolesław was defeated by the combined forces of Przemysł I and Henry III the White, who supported Konrad. In 1251 Bolesław finally agreed to the divide his own lands and ceded the Duchy of Głogów to Konrad. Bolesław only retained the small district of Legnica proper.

Conflict with the bishop of Wrocław
It took Bolesław another two years and the help of his brother Henry III to recover full authority over his principality. Bolesław made some agreements with the other Piast dukes, especially with the princes of Greater Poland and with Bishop Thomas I of Wrocław. However, Bolesław never forgave the bishop for his tendency to support the younger princes.

Bolesław's conflict with the bishop of Wrocław reached a more critical point in 1257, when the Bolesław incarcerated the bishop at Wleń Castle. Bolesław was immediately excommunicated. His brothers quickly intervened and negotiated a settlement. In 1261, Bolesław's paid a large tribute and paid public penance at the gates of Wrocław Cathedral. He had been excommunicated twice before, in 1248 and 1249, and a call had been issued to the neighboring nobility to a crusade against him. He was later forgiven by the Bishop, and both of the previous excommunications were rescinded.

Bolesław also remained in hostile relations with his brother Duke Konrad of Głogów. In 1257 Konrad kidnapped Bolesław from his castle in Legnica. The duke regained his freedom a few months later. In 1271 Bolesław took the town of Bolesławiec, near Bóbr.

Final years
In the 1270s, Bolesław gave more and more power to his adolescent sons. In 1273 he granted the Duchy of Jawor to his oldest son Henry V and it seemed that Bolesław had resigned from adventurous politics. Nevertheless, in 1277, he signed an alliance with King Rudolph I of Germany, straining the alliance of the other Piast dukes with rivalling King Ottokar II of Bohemia. At Rudolph's insistence, Bolesław kidnapped Ottokar's ally, Duke Henry IV of Wrocław, Bolesław's nephew, and demanded one-third of Wrocław after the death of his uncle Władysław, Bolesław's youngest brother, in 1270. Henry IV was imprisoned in Legnica Castle.

A coalition was formed between Ottokar II, Duke Henry III of Głogów, and Duke Przemysł II of Greater Poland, but it soon failed: while Bolesław's forces were greatly outnumbered at the bloody battle of Stolec, his son Henry V turned the tide and the allied dukes were defeated. A settlement was reached; Henry IV was freed and Bolesław was given one-third of the Duchy of Środa Śląska.

Bolesław II died between 26 and 31 December 1278 and was buried at the Dominican monastery of his Legnica residence. His three sons, Henry V the Fat, Bolko I and Bernhard, inherited his lands.

Marriages and children
In 1242, Bolesław married firstly Hedwig (d. 21 December 1259), daughter of Henry I, Count of Anhalt. They had seven children:
 * 1) Agnes (born c. 1243/50 – died 13 March 1265, buried Stuttgart Stiftskirche), married c. 1260/64 to Count Ulrich I of Württemberg.
 * 2) Henry V the Fat (born c. 1248 – died 22 February 1296).
 * 3) Hedwig (Jadwiga) (born c. 1250/55 – died aft. 1280), married c. 1265/70 to Duke Konrad II of Masovia.
 * 4) Bolko I the Strict (born c. 1252/56 – died Krzeszów, 9 November 1301, buried Krzeszów Abbey).
 * 5) Bernhard (born c. 1253/57 – died 25 April 1286, buried Dominican Monastery, Legnica).
 * 6) Konrad (d. young).
 * 7) Katharina (d. 25 April 1286, buried Dominican Monastery, Legnica).

In 1261, Bolesław married secondly Euphemia (also called Alenta or Iolanta or Adelheid) (born c. 1245 - died c. 15 February 1309), daughter of Sambor II, Duke of Pomerania.

Around 1270, he began living with his mistress Sophia of Dyhrn. They had a son, Jarosław, who died in infancy. Gravely ill and deeply offended by her husband's affair, Euphemia fled to her homeland in Pomerania in 1275. Their marriage was considered annulled. In 1277 Bolesław finally married his mistress, but the union lasted only a few months until the Duke's death in 1278. Euphemia returned to Silesia after Bolesław's death.

title: Bolesław II the Horned


text:
Alan Walker (musicologist)

Alan Walker, FRSC (born 6 April 1930 ) is an English-Canadian musicologist and university professor best known as a biographer and scholar of composer Franz Liszt. Walker has also written on composers Robert Schumann and Frédéric Chopin, as well as conductor Hans von Bülow. He has held posts at a variety of institutions, including the Guildhall School of Music, the University of London, McMaster University and City, University of London.

Biography
Walker was born in Scunthorpe, Lincolnshire. He received an LGSM certificate in 1949, ARCM in 1950, a Bachelor of Music from University of Durham in 1956, and a Doctor of Music in 1965. Between 1957 and 1960 he studied privately with Hans Keller, an association which he has always acknowledged as formative. These lessons were resumed, albeit irregularly, once Walker joined Keller at the BBC in 1961.

From 1958 to 1961 Walker lectured at the Guildhall School of Music, having studied piano there with Alfred Nieman, noted for teaching improvisational techniques. He also taught at the University of London from 1954 to 1960. Walker worked at the BBC Radio Music Division as a producer between 1961 and 1971. Seeking to return to his "first love", teaching, he gave up radio production and took an appointment as Professor of Music at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, where he chaired the department of music from 1971 to 1980, and from 1989 to 1995. In 1981, he was responsible for the establishment at McMaster of the first graduate program in music criticism in Canada. Since 1995, he has been professor emeritus at McMaster. From 1984 to 1987, he was a distinguished visiting professor of music at City University in London.

His three-volume biography of Franz Liszt, which took him 25 years to complete, has been very influential. Common adjectives attached to the work include "monumental" and "magisterial", and it is said to have "unearthed much new material and provided a strong stimulus for further research". Walker himself says that when he found, as a BBC producer compiling notes for program announcers, that "there wasn't a decent book in English on Liszt", he eventually decided to write one himself, but was determined "not to make a major statement that couldn't be supported by documents ... and because Liszt himself was a traveller the archives were everywhere."

The first volume won the James Tait Black Memorial Prize in biography for 1983 and best book on music from the Yorkshire Post Newspapers in 1984. The three-book series was given the Royal Philharmonic Society Book Award in 1998.

Time magazine praised the biography as "a textured portrait of Liszt and his times without rival", saying that Walker's work was "equally strong on the music and the life", and discussed Liszt's corpus "with greater understanding and clarity than any previous biographer". The New York Times, reviewing the second volume, said of Walker's passion for his subject, "Mr. Walker can see only the good, and will stand for no criticism of his hero", but still called Walker's extensive research "incredible.... Mr. Walker seems to know everything about Liszt, and anything connected with Liszt, during every single day of the long life of that genius." The Washington Post music critic Tim Page, including the third volume in his best books of the year list, called it "unquestionably a landmark" and "meticulously detailed, passionately argued and sometimes wrenchingly moving".

The technique of biography, and how it differs from other literary genres, has always been of interest to Walker and he has written about it. When asked about the genesis of his Liszt biography he wrote: “I had always been immensely attracted to Liszt’s magnetic personality, and in my childhood I was drawn to the legend of his piano playing as to few other topics. They say that in every biography is an autobiography trying to get out. The idea would be diverting if it were not so sobering. I have come to believe that the best biographies choose their biographers, not vice versa. The lucky biographers write their work not because they have a choice but because they have no choice at all.”

Walker has also written substantially about Robert Schumann and Frédéric Chopin, and continues to lecture in Canada, the US, and UK on all three musicians. In October 2018 he brought to completion a large-scale biography of Fryderyk Chopin, a book on which he worked for ten years. It has been described as “a biographical masterpiece”, and was named Classical Music Book of the Year by the Sunday Times of London. James Penrose in The New Criterion wrote: “With Liszt, and now Fryderyk Chopin so well cared for, one can but hope that Walker will try for the hat trick.” On the other hand, he was also criticised for downplaying or idiosyncratically interpreting private aspects of Chopin's life, such as the erotic letters to men.

Walker lives in Ancaster, Ontario. He is director of "The Great Romantics", an annual festival in Hamilton, Ontario.

Honours

 * Honorary Fellow of the Guildhall School of Music, 1974.
 * Hungarian Liszt Society Medal, 1980
 * American Liszt Society Medal, 1984
 * Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada, 1986
 * Pro Cultura Hungaria Medal (Government of Hungary), 1995
 * Honorary D.Litt. (honoris causa) from McMaster University, 2002
 * Knight's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Hungary, 2012

Books

 * A Study in Musical Analysis, 1962.
 * An Anatomy of Musical Criticism, 1966.
 * Symposium on Chopin (editor), 1967.
 * Symposium on Liszt (editor), 1970.
 * Franz Liszt: The Man and His Music. New York: Taplinger Publishing, 1970. ISBN 0-8008-2990-5.
 * Robert Schumann: The Man and His Music, 1972. ISBN 0-214-66805-3.
 * Symposium on Schumann (editor), 1972.
 * Franz Liszt: v. 1. The Virtuoso Years, 1811-1847. Hardcover publisher Knopf, 1983, Softcover publisher Ithaca: Cornell University Press and revised, 1987. ISBN 0-394-52540-X for all three hardcover. ISBN 0-8014-9421-4 for v. 1 revised.
 * Franz Liszt: v. 2. The Weimar Years, 1848-1861. Knopf and Cornell University Press (no new material), 1989. Revised ISBN 0-8014-9721-3.
 * Liszt, Carolyne, and the Vatican: The Story of a Thwarted Marriage, as it emerges from the original Church documents edited and translated by Gabriele Erasmi, 1991.
 * The Diary of Carl Lachmund: An American Pupil of Liszt (editor), 1995.
 * Franz Liszt: v. 3. The Final Years, 1861-1886. Knopf and Cornell University Press, 1996 and 1997. Cornell edition has ISBN 0-8014-8453-7.
 * The Death of Franz Liszt: Based on the Unpublished Diary of his Pupil Lina Schmalhausen (editor). Cornell University Press, 2002. ISBN 0-8014-4076-9.
 * Reflections on Liszt, 2005.
 * Hans von Bülow: a Life and Times, OUP, 2009.
 * Fryderyk Chopin: A Life and Times, 2018

Articles
Walker has written over 100 articles for scholarly music journals, and provided the biographical entry on Liszt for Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2001). Journal articles include:

 * 'Schoenberg's Classical Background', Music Review, xix (1958), 283–9.
 * 'Aesthetics versus Acoustics', The Score, No.27, July 1960.
 * 'Back to Schönberg', Music Review, xxi (1960), 140–47.
 * 'Liszt and the Beethoven Symphonies', Music Review, xxxi (1970), 302–14.
 * 'Liszt's Duo Sonata', Musical Times, cxvi (1975), 620–21.
 * 'Schumann, Liszt, and the C major Fantasie, op. 17', Music and Letters, vol. 60, 1979.
 * 'Music and the Unconscious', British Medical Journal, 22 December 1979.
 * 'Personal View [Infant prodigies]', British Medical Journal, 13 September 1980.
 * 'Liszt and Vienna', New Hungarian Quarterly, No.99 (1985), 253–9; repr. in Journal of the American Liszt Society, No.xix (1986), 10–20.
 * 'A Boy Named Daniel', Hungarian Quarterly, vol. 27, Autumn 1986.
 * 'Liszt and Agnes Street-Klindworth: A Spy in the Court of Weimar?', Studia Musicologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungarica, vol. 28, 1986.
 * 'Schopenhauer and Music', The Piano Quarterly, vol. 144, Winter 1988–89.
 * 'Liszt and the Schubert Song Transcriptions', Musical Quarterly, lxvii (1981), 50–63; lxxv (1991), 248–62.
 * 'Joukowsky's Portraits of Liszt', Hungarian Quarterly, vol. 34, Summer 1993.
 * 'Liszt and his Pupils', Hungarian Quarterly, vol. 36, Summer 1995.
 * 'Tribute to Hans Keller', Canadian University Music Review, xvii (1996), 118–28.
 * 'Liszt and the Lied'", Hungarian Quarterly, vol. 37, Winter 1996.
 * "Ernst von Dohnányi (1877-1960): A Tribute", Hungarian Quarterly, vol. 43, Spring 2002.
 * "Dohnányi Redeemed", Hungarian Quarterly, vol. 43, Autumn 2002.

title: Alan Walker (musicologist)


text:
Troutbeck Tongue

Troutbeck Tongue is a small fell in the English Lake District, three miles (five kilometres) ENE of Ambleside. It is one of 214 hills listed in Alfred Wainwright's Pictorial Guides to the Lakeland Fells, making it a popular attraction for walkers aiming to complete the "Wainwrights". Its moderate height and proximity to a main road mean it is a pleasant half-day excursion that can be done when the higher fells are in cloud.

Topography
Troutbeck Tongue branches off south-westward from the main Ill Bell ridge, just north of Froswick. It separates Trout Beck from Hagg Gill, its main upper tributary. These two streams almost reconverge behind the fell, the col connecting to Froswick being at only 968 ft. This depression carries a number of ancient cairns at the base of the long grassy back-slope of the fell. The character of this side is in marked contrast to the southern tip of the fell, which drops steeply over rocky outcrops to Troutbeck Park.

Ascents
The fell is usually climbed from the village of Troutbeck on the A592 road three miles (five kilometres) north of the town of Windermere. From the village it is a pleasant walk to the base of the fell, following the course of the Trout Beck along Ing Lane which leads to Troutbeck Park Farm. This 1,900 acre (7.7 km2) sheep farm was bought by the children's book author and illustrator Beatrix Potter in 1923; it was in danger of development and so she decided to purchase it. When she died in 1943, she left the farm and its land to the National Trust, along with 13 other farms she owned in the Lake District.

The ascent of the fell begins at the farm. It is quite a steep climb with several rocky outcrops and walls and fences to negotiate, but the modest height of the fell makes it a short ascent of less than 30 minutes. There is some evidence of quarrying near the top of the fell, and this is marked on the Ordnance Survey map.

Summit
The summit is grassy with views restricted by the surrounding higher fells. However, there is a good view due south down the Troutbeck valley with England's largest lake, Windermere, well seen.

title: Troutbeck Tongue


text:
User:Korrigan

I have mostly been active on the Francophone Wikipedia - see my page there for my list of contributions.

title: User:Korrigan


text:
Bernina

Bernina can refer to:

Geography

 * Bernina Range, a mountain range in the Swiss and Italian Alps
 * Piz Bernina, the highest peak of the Bernina Range
 * Bernina Pass, a pass in the Bernina Range
 * Bernina District, former administrative district in the canton of Graubünden, Switzerland

Rail transport

 * Bernina railway, a single-track railway connecting Switzerland and Italy via the Bernina Pass
 * Bernina Express, a train running on the Bernina railway
 * Bernina Diavolezza (Rhaetian Railway station), a station on the Bernina railway
 * Bernina Lagalb (Rhaetian Railway station), a station on the Bernina railway
 * Bernina Suot (Rhaetian Railway station), a station on the Bernina railway

Organizations

 * Bernina International, a manufacturer of sewing and embroidery systems

title: Bernina


text:
Talk:Augustan literature

The term "Augustan"
Did the name really derive from King George wishing to be known as Caesar Augustus? Or did it derive solely from the comparison to the Augustan Age of Latin literature?

 * To the best of my knowledge it derived from the Hanoverian "Augustus" thing. However, even nailing down the first usage of the term as a critical application is difficult.  We have Pope's Epistle to Augustus, which is contemporary, and it's fairly deviously clear with the royal application.  Geogre 13:43, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

Why I done it

 * Ok, first thing is that the history section is too danged long. I know it.  It's just that the reason "no one" reads 18th c. literature is not that it's boring, but that it's incomprehensible.  It is, too, unless you know who was who at every moment of every year.  I.e. history turns this stuff from being impenetrable to being a ton of fun.
 * 1) The ordering of the genres: it's arguable that poetry was more important, but it was more important for about 20 years. Since the Augustan era covers a vast stretch, I'd go for prose being most important.  By 1750, the novel is clobbering poetry, and it gets worse from there.  Also, the drama is wretched beyond compare after 1737.  Before 1737, it's mildly interesting with a couple of whopper good plays.  A couple of whoppers isn't enough, IMO, to put it on par with poetry. Geogre 14:48, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

!
IT is done. Geogre 1 July 2005 15:04 (UTC)
 * Bravo! PRiis 1 July 2005 22:45 (UTC)
 * Well done! Willmcw July 2, 2005 06:14 (UTC)

Thank you, thank you (blushing). I thought this thing would kill me. bishonen has spun off Augustan prose into a stand-alone article now, and it contains all the obsessive detail I had once had here. I'm going to spin off Augustan poetry and Augustan drama as well, and possibly 18th century English novel. The article is still a little too monomaniacal for its own good, and there are some scars from the spin offs, but that will be taken care of just as soon as I let my mind take a nap. Geogre 2 July 2005 11:49 (UTC)

nebulous?
why is the word "nebulous" linked in the summary (and hence on the wikipedia main page)?--i can't figure out how to change it...
 * No clue. I think that's just Wiki-itis.  I'm going to wait for the article to be off the main page before I scale back the over-linking, as a great many folks want to help an article and do so by making things links that perhaps aren't necessary.  I appreciate their input and don't want to revert them.  So long as it's harmless, it's no big deal. Geogre 13:49, 10 August 2005 (UTC)

rephrasing in Political and religious historical context
from the current "Therefore, young people from the country often moved to London in hopes of achieving success, and this swelled the numbers of criminals, prostitutes, beggars, and malnourished poor in the city. It also increased the availability of cheap labor for city employers. The fears of property crime, rape, and starvation found in Augustan literature should be kept in the context of London's growth, as well as the depopulation of the countryside." to (change highlighted)

"Therefore, young people from the country often moved to London in hopes of achieving success, and this swelled the supply of cheap labour for city employers. It also increased the numbers of criminals, prostitutes, beggars, and the malnourished poor in the city. The fears of property crime, rape, and starvation found in Augustan literature should be kept in the context of London's growth, as well as the depopulation of the countryside."

this makes the supply of cheap labour the principal effect, and the increase in criminals ... etc, ancillary. this seems to be the more likely scenario. is there any reason to believe it was in fact the other way roun? -- Doldrums 13:44, 10 August 2005 (UTC)

 * I rather like your re-ordering. I do have reason to suspect that you have the pool of poor and then pool of labor, as the labor (the jobs) didn't exist prior to the supply -- a common enough situation where there is agricultural displacement and the rapid growth of a single city even today.  However, logically, your reordering is far superior to my original, and I had no desire to really imply causality anyway. Geogre 13:52, 10 August 2005 (UTC)

Sentimental novel
Just a note for any readers of this page that Sentimental novel needs help. For my part, I loathe the sentimental novel and fear that I would have a hard time keeping my POV out of it (and I mean my scholarly POV, not my personal one). I know that feminist students of the 18th c. novel have had kinder things to say about it, or at least found interesting features, so I hope those more kindly disposed toward the sentimental will see this note and go help. My own predelictions, as may be obvious from this article, are Marxissant (actually, Jaussian reception aesthetics, if anyone knows what those are) and, as a student of the early period, I am so steeped in political readings that my brain is too small to hold the psychological and cultural background necessary for being fair (or even polite) about the sentimental. Geogre 15:02, 2 January 2006 (UTC)

Article has no footnotes
This article has severe WP:V issues due to lack of footnotes. It is difficult for the reader to determine which statements in the article are attributed to which referenced source, or further if there are portions of the article that are wholly unsourced. Footnotes should be provided to remedy this disturbing situation in a Featured Article (which currently has zero footnotes). El Señor Presidente, Lives of the Most Eminent Literary and Scientific Men and Kannada literature in the Vijayanagara Empire are good examples of Featured Articles that combine excellent Notes and References sections that makes verifiability and attribution of sources much more apparent. I have tagged this article with nofootnotes - Cirt (talk) 16:54, 26 August 2008 (UTC)

 * That's awfully dogmatic. I think you should see Augustan literature as an example of how citations should be done.  If you cannot understand what the citations mean, the fault is in the reader, not a citation system employed by Modern Language Association, as well as the society for biological sciences, as well as the professional bodies for psychology and chemistry.  I am sorry that you do not like what they say, but it does not amount to "verification" issues.
 * Citations are a requirement for statements that are likely to be challenged, which means not common knowledge, and citations by no means need to be footnotes. I regard footnotes as far less "reliable" than parenthetical citation, and so do others.  :Even if this were an article with no references at all, that would not be a problem with either verification or citation.  There are any number of our articles that cover common knowledge (any information that can be found in three or more general reference works) and therefore do not need citation on an academic basis, and there are many more that contain information that is entirely non-controversial, and no one will challenge its facts.  Neither of those requires citations.  Both might benefit from a "references" section that will show people some good sources that concur with our article, but it is extremely unlikely that someone is making up the biography of Anthony Tuckney, for example.
 * Footnotes require a reader to stop reading the sentence, go to a foreign section, get the information, and then come back. 99% of readers don't check the footnotes, because they're reading the article.  A parenthetical citation indicates, at the end of the line, during the reading, the source, and readers who have had their eyebrows raised by the sentence know immediately (without making a note of it and going to check later) the attribution.  Additionally, "notes" formats are easily broken.  It takes one vandal less than a minute to make all the notes disappear.  It takes, more importantly, an inexpert editor a single mistake to make all the notes disappear.  I have seen this happen more than once.  A parenthetical citation isn't going to go away in an "oops" moment.  Therefore, parenthetical citations are more reliable because they invite instant checking.  They are more reliable because the citations won't disappear.
 * This is why I loathe the notes system, will not use it, and will leave Wikipedia before I see it become required. Until it is required, slapping paint across a well cited article is very destructive.  Do not do this again.  Geogre (talk) 10:09, 29 August 2008 (UTC)
 * I loathed the notes system also, as it can be problematic. However, I was wondering if it would be more acceptable if I added in more MLA inline citations instead of footnotes. I have a few more books, and some sections could do with a few more citations (such as the origin of the term "Augustan". Geogre, would it be acceptable if I added in about 20 or so more references in this way? I think it would stop any claims that this page needs some. Ottava Rima (talk) 23:45, 27 September 2008 (UTC)

No footnotes - tagged article has tag removed without fixing
Since the nofootnotes placed by Cirt was removed with no footnotes added, I am going to replace the tag. This is a FA and need to comply with the Featured article criteria. Please do not remove the tag without fixing the article. Thanks, — Mattisse  (Talk) 18:54, 11 November 2008 (UTC)
 * Hi Matisse.. I'm afraid I agree strongly with the perspective above relating to the tag. Is there any more to your concern than simple compliance with some criteria? :-) Privatemusings (talk) 19:01, 11 November 2008 (UTC)
 * I would agree with Private musings. If you have a problem with footnotes, either attempt to put them in, or take it to FAR. Tagging articles and walking away is really unconstructive. Ottava Rima (talk) 19:13, 11 November 2008 (UTC)
 * I know that there is a review of all FA articles being completed This one will fail for lack of citations. There is no rule that the tagger has to fix the article. Rather, in the past it has been considered vandalism to remove such tags without fixing. I am unable to fix the tags myself as I do not have the references.
 * An editor's view of citations is irrelevant to the FA criteria. As far as the suggestion to take it to FAR, I have an article there already, Robert A. Heinlein, and an editor is allowed only one at a time. I did list Augustan drama for the same reasons that I tagged this article and it failed with no one opposing it; it was delisted and its featured article status removed.
 * I image the discussion for this article would go pretty much like that one. Featured article review/Augustan drama/archive1. Lots of opinions but no one willing to do the work. I guess it depends if anyone who is knowledgeable about the subject matter can add the needed citations, and is willing to do it on the current article before it is delisted as an FA.
 * Awadewit said about Augustan drama, a very similar article: "Currently, the references in the bibliography cannot possibly cover the claims made in the article - most of the references are primary sources. Sadly, the bibliography does not even reference the most important scholarly works on Augustan drama. I see that Ottava has agreed to do some referencing for this article - that is excellent and I look forward to its improvement."
 * So, does anyone cares enough to do it? As you can see in the archived discussion on Augustan drama, there were plenty of opinions, much like this page, but in the end no one cared enough to fix the article.
 * However, as Ottava Rima suggests, I will take it to FAR next. — Mattisse  (Talk) 19:50, 11 November 2008 (UTC)
 * If you'd like to understand what is certainly my perspective, and may be that of others - my opinion is that the way any particular badge for this article is determined speaks more to the badge discussion process than it does to the quality of this article which will remain a little gem :-) - It will be a shame if some people decide that this article isn't up to some par or other, but the article will remain, and hopefully over 3,000 people a month will continue to learn from it :-) cheers, Privatemusings (talk) 20:00, 11 November 2008 (UTC) perhaps a better approach than 'you must do this or the badge gets it' might be to talk about the benefits of making the changes you think would help too? - either ways, I feel your main motivation in this is to try and maintain this article's featured status, and that's laudable - so thanks :-)
 * Tt would be a waste of time on my part. The atmosphere is clearly similar to Featured article review/Augustan drama/archive1 and the talk page attacks that proceeded it. As was Augustan drama, this article is WP:OWNed to its own detriment. Regards, — Mattisse (Talk) 20:14, 11 November 2008 (UTC)

 * Also, you are misreading the stats. That is a little over 3,000 in an entire month of October 2008, which is not a high number, as articles go. One article I wrote, that is not FA,  received 17,854 hits in October. Plus, I bet those readers do not care about the FA star. That is what we are talking about here. Perhaps you do not either.  — Mattisse  (Talk) 20:22, 11 November 2008 (UTC)

This article fails FA criteria referencing (1c)
I see you removed the tag. We will see if the people on the talk page are just "talking" or whether they are willing to put some work where their mouth is. Hope it is that latter, and the knowledgeable people who know the material will fix. My last tag, before User:Privatemusings removed the current tag, was removed with the edit summary "Idiotic challenge; do some READING". This was the attitude of the Augustan drama supporters which led to the downfall of the article. Additionally I was personally attacked. Is that going to be the atmosphere here or are the commenting editors actually interested in the article remaining FA? Regards, — Mattisse (Talk) 20:01, 11 November 2008 (UTC)
 * You might have a problem, since this article has been accepted under Wiki 0.5 print edition and will not be overturned. So even if people now remove the star, it is already fixed as being a Featured Article. Ottava Rima (talk) 20:24, 11 November 2008 (UTC)
 * That has nothing to do with this discussion. This discussion is about whether Augustan literature currently meets the Featured article criteria. That CD was a while ago and standards have risen since. Currently they are working on the 0.7 edition and article choice is not based on FA status. Recently they had a drive to get GA articles included on the DVD list at least up to GA standards. Selection is based on subject matter befitting an encyclopedia. — Mattisse  (Talk) 20:50, 11 November 2008 (UTC)
 * I'm referring to the sentiments of contributors and reviewers. Ottava Rima (talk) 21:00, 11 November 2008 (UTC)
 * "Risen" since? Oh, yes.  They have "risen."  Matisse, I understand that you wish to target all of my FA's.  That's ok.  I don't believe in the FA system, so long as FAR exists the way that it does.  Would it help you in your quest if I simply made a list of every FA I've worked on?  You might want to go after Ormulum next, or Peterborough Chronicle.  It's obvious that citation is not important and that the standards of FA (citation of any statement likely to be challenged) are still operative at FAC, but not at FAR.  Rather than having FAR conform to FAC, let's just remove everything that has FA status, abolish the entire ratings system (which was always misbegotten and susceptible to petty revenge, as you are demonstrating, and parasitism, as others demonstrate) and assess one another on the quality of what they write, not the numbers they unwrite.  Geogre (talk) 11:21, 12 November 2008 (UTC)

Melodrama in "Augustan literature"
The first sentence of the section "Drama" reads:

The "Augustan era" is difficult to define chronologically in prose and poetry, but it is very easy to date its end in drama. The Augustan era's drama ended definitively in 1737, with the Licensing Act. Prior to 1737, however, the English stage was changing rapidly from the Restoration comedy and Restoration drama and their noble subjects to the quickly developing melodrama (Munns 97-100). The main article Augustan drama has the same sentence, but without the citation to Munns. The article Melodrama (linked at the end of the sentence) states that the earliest examples of melodrama are Sigismundus (1753) and Pygmalion (1762). Is there an explanation for this difference? The citation (Munns, 97-100) is not helpful, as it does not mention melodrama. --Robert.Allen (talk) 05:00, 21 January 2010 (UTC)
 * I also searched all of Zwicker (1998) at Google Books for the word "melodrama" and got no hits. --Robert.Allen (talk) 05:08, 21 January 2010 (UTC)

Augustan literature in ancient Rome
"like that of Augustus, when poetry became more mannered, political and satirical than in the era of Julius Caesar."

Not true. Augustan-era Latin literature is characterized by stylistic classicism; "mannered" is a better description of so-called Silver Age literature. As for "political," quite the opposite is true. One of the main questions of Augustan literature is to what extent writers felt it necessary to tamp down free speech as it would've been practiced during the Roman Republic; narrowing of political liberty is exactly what living under Augustus, the first emperor, meant. As for "satirical," satire is one of the genres, perhaps the only genre, that is distinctively Roman; it is characteristic of all periods of Latin literature in antiquity. My understanding was that the English Augustans emulated the perceivedclassicism of their Roman predecessors. Cynwolfe (talk) 16:04, 28 June 2010 (UTC)

DAB Solver Is Destroying This Page
You may notice strange strings of the form link:1 through link:5 on this page. Every time someone clicks a DAB Solver button to disambiguate a term, and tries to fix it, the term is replaced by link:n. The original text is not merely obscured but destroyed from the article source text. So, someone must identify all of these and if necessary go through the article history to recover the missing terms.

 * Well, you must have experienced some temporary malfunction. It worked now. --Saddhiyama (talk) 10:08, 8 December 2011 (UTC)

Multiple issues
The lead doesn't reflect the article: it contains material not found in the article, and does not summarise the sections below.

There appears to be a significant amount of original research. Far more citation is required. Much of the existing citation is inadequately edited.

The general standard of copy-editing is low, e.g. citation, capitalisation, inappropriate American spelling.

The overall reading experience is at the level of an undergraduate essay: disjointed, opinionated and lacking authority. There is a lot of prolixity and irrelevance.

There is no treatment of the foundational topic of the evolution of the styles of thinking and expression in English literature that led to Augustanism, nor any treatment of the Classical models which were taken up. Spicemix (talk) 00:04, 17 March 2012 (UTC)

Works published after the 1740s
The lede states that "Augustan literature (sometimes referred to misleadingly as Georgian literature) is a style of British literature produced during the reigns of Queen Anne, King George I, and George II in the first half of the 18th century and ending in the 1740s, with the deaths of Alexander Pope and Jonathan Swift, in 1744 and 1745". However, the article quite often discusses works from the second half of the 18th century, including, amongst others, Johnson's Dictionary (1755), Fielding's Tom Jones (1749), and Tristram Shandy (1759-67). Perhaps the article needs to be re-titled 18th century English literature? Rwood128 (talk) 21:39, 30 July 2016 (UTC)

 * Can anyone explain the inclusion of novels published in the second half of the 18th century here, especially examples of the novel of sentiment? There are also works of philosophy and economics whose inclusion surely needs to be explained. Rwood128 (talk) 13:08, 31 July 2016 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Augustan literature


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User:Legal Notice

sorry folks

 * Please donot be sorry, rather I am sorry. I am reverting all edits by me. And, also trying to change my user name.--Legal Notice 16:38, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Legal Notice


text:
Frederic McLaughlin

Maj. Frederic McLaughlin (27 June 1877 – 17 December 1944) was an American businessman and soldier. He was the first owner of the Chicago Black Hawks National Hockey League (NHL) ice hockey team.

Born in Chicago, Illinois, McLaughlin inherited the successful "McLaughlin's Manor House" coffee business from his father, who died in 1905. McLaughlin was a graduate of Harvard University and served in the United States Army during World War I. McLaughlin achieved the rank of Major and was often referred to as Major McLaughlin for the rest of his life.

Chicago Black Hawks
In May 1926, the NHL had granted an expansion franchise to former football star Huntington Hardwick and his syndicate of investors. On 1 June, McLaughlin, who had no experience in the ice hockey business, purchased the Chicago expansion franchise from Hardwick. He named the team the Black Hawks after the nickname of his army unit, the 86th Infantry "Blackhawk" Division, where he had served in the 333rd Machine Gun Battalion. Most of the Hawks players were from the Portland Rosebuds of the Western Hockey League purchased from WHL owner Frank Patrick for $100,000. During his 18 years as owner, McLaughlin would lead the franchise to two Stanley Cup wins, in 1934 and 1938.

At the time McLaughlin acquired the Black Hawks, he was married to Irene Castle, a famous dancer and film actress. She is credited with creating the "Indian head" design of the first Black Hawks sweater. McLaughlin was a "hands on" owner and he made 13 coaching changes in 18 years. One Hawk coach was Godfrey Matheson, who got the job when he met McLaughlin on the train and impressed McLaughlin with his hockey knowledge. Matheson lost the job after two games.

McLaughlin was fiercely patriotic, and at various times during his ownership would try to fill his roster with as many Americans as possible, during a time when very few American-born players played in the NHL. The 1938 Stanley Cup win was done with eight Americans on the roster and Bostonian Bill Stewart was coach. Stewart was fired early the next season.

As an owner, McLaughlin also feuded with other owners. James Norris, the Detroit owner, set up a competing Chicago team in the American Association, locking the Hawks out of the Chicago Stadium. The Norris family would eventually purchase the Hawks after McLaughlin's death. Conn Smythe, manager of Toronto supplies the following quote on McLaughlin: Where hockey was concerned, Major McLaughlin was the strangest bird and, yes, perhaps the biggest nut I met in my entire life.

McLaughlin died of heart disease in Lake Forest at age 67. He was interred at Calvary Cemetery in Evanston. In 1963, he was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame as a builder.

On October 28, 2018, the Blackhawks did a giveaway featuring a soccer jersey inspired by the team's early branding, and Manor House Coffee was seen on the jersey where sponsors are normally put on soccer jerseys.

title: Frederic McLaughlin