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Jacob Summerlin Jr.

Jacob Summerlin (February 20, 1820 – November 4, 1893), aka the King of the Crackers and King of the Cracker Cow Hunters, was documented as the first child born in Florida after the land was ceded by Spain. This was again validated in about 2012-15 during Florida's 500-year celebration as Florida honored him as one of three people that were most influential in the past 500 years. Ponce de Leon was another of 3 honored.

Jacob Summerlin was known for his contributions to the early settlement of Florida, and especially for founding the county seats of Orange and Polk counties, which are Orlando and Bartow, respectively. In the years prior to the American Civil War, he was given slaves, whom he relinquished in exchange for cattle.

Summerlin was a highly successful cattleman utilizing his own sweat and brow up and down Florida, shipping cattle off to Cuba for most of his life. Also shipping to Savannah and from Key West also shipping to Cuba.

Prior to school integration, Summerlin Academy, the school for White students in Bartow, was named for him. After the schools were integrated in 1968, all students attended there, and the name was changed to Bartow High School. Summerlin Academy was reestablished in 2006 as a military school within Bartow High School.

Jacob donated Lake Eola and land surrounding the lake in Orlando. Named Lake Eola by his son Judge Robert Summerlin for a woman he loved. Robert graduated with a law degree from Georgia in 1885-87, became mayor of Orlando for about 1885 to 1892, then was elected judge.

"King of the Crackers"
Summerlin earned much of his early fortune by hard work, personally driving cattle throughout Florida and raising cattle along the Peace River and Kissimmee River, night and day. Wild cattle brought to North America by the Spanish conquistadors roamed free across these vast stretches of land. Entrepreneurs could capture, breed, drive, and sell these cows for twelve to sixteen dollars each. Summerlin and his business partners developed a lucrative trade with Havana and with the US Naval Base at Key West.

Summerlin opposed secession, clearly demonstrating he obviously did not want to be part of a civil war. However, after the break out of the American Civil War, Jacob was quoted in official USA documents that he never killed any person. He was a generous hard working American cattleman, feeding soldiers in the civil war as was ordered by both Confederate and Union armies. Jacob and his partners provided beef and medicine to troops of both armies. Separately and privately, he still sailed past the Union blockade mostly at night to continue cattle sales to Cuba as usual.

As a result of the war, Confederate money was worthless. But, with hard work and Union money that he earned, Jacob bought the 160-acre (0.65 km²) Blount homestead, much of which would later be given to Polk County. (Ft. Blount was the earlier name of Bartow, the present county seat.) After the war, Summerlin continued selling cattle to the Union soldiers at Fort Myers.

Summerlin amassed a fortune of 15,000 to 20,000 head of cattle during this period and was considered one of the wealthiest Floridians before he reached age 40. In this pre-banking era, Jacob kept his gold and silver at his cabin in trunks, meal sacks, tin meat cans, woolen socks, cigar boxes, behind door frames, in the rafters, or tossed in a corner. He used his wealth to purchase large tracts of land sprawling from Fort Meade to Fort Myers. He bought a wharf at Punta Rassa and a thousand acres (4 km²) nearby for cow pens, some of which he rented to other cattlemen.

Donations in Bartow and Orlando
In 1867, Summerlin donated 120 acres (0.5 km²) of the Blount homestead land in the present-day town of Bartow: 40 acre for an institution of learning (aptly named the Summerlin Institute, now called Bartow High School, founded 1887), 40 acre for establishment of a county seat, and 20 acre for each of the town's two churches (Methodist and Baptist). He also personally donated $1100.00 for construction of Bartow's first two-story building which housed the Masonic lodge and school.

Summerlin also owned land in Orange County where he opened the Summerlin Hotel. When Orlando's wooden courthouse burned in 1868, there was pressure to move the county seat to the then-larger town of Sanford. It had been located nearby in Enterprise across the river from Sanford before 1857. General Henry Sanford was particularly involved in lobbying for the move to Sanford and offered free land for the new courthouse during a public meeting of the County Commission in 1875. Summerlin sat in the packed audience during Sanford's offer. Legend has it that as Sanford finished speaking, Summerlin rose to his feet and asked if he was done, Sanford replied "I have". ""Then I will make my offer. The county seat has been located here by the free will of the majority of the settlers; the land has been deeded to that particular purpose. I stand here, ready to build a $10,000 court house, and if the county is ever able to pay me back, all right. If it can't, that's all right, too.""

- Jacob Summerlin

The county accepted his offer and repaid him over a 10-year period. Later that year, Orlando became incorporated with a population of 85; on August 4, Jacob Summerlin sat on the first Orlando City Council acting as Council president.

It was also Summerlin who donated a large tract of land in order for a fine park to be established in Orlando. In 1883, Summerlin came to a city council meeting and offered the land around the lake on the condition that it be beautified and turned into a park. He also required that the city plant trees and put a "driveway" around the lake. To ensure that the city followed through the stipulations of the donation, Summerlin put reverter clauses in the contract to allow his heirs to reclaim the property if the city failed in its obligations. That park is still maintained to his orders of it being kept beautiful. His son Judge Robert L Summerlin, mayor of Orlando named Lake Eola Lake Eola, after a fiancée, who died before they could marry.

Death
Jacob Summerlin died on November 4, 1893, aged 73, and was buried in Oak Hill Cemetery in Bartow.

title: Jacob Summerlin Jr.


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Inisheer

Inisheer (Inis Oírr, Inis Thiar or Inis Oirthir ) is the smallest and most easterly of the three Aran Islands in Galway Bay, Ireland. With 343 residents as of the 2022 census, it is second-most populous of the Arans. Caomhán of Inis Oírr is the island's patron saint. There are five small settlements: Baile Thiar, Chapeltown (Baile an tSéipéil), Castle Village (Baile an Chaisleáin), Baile an Fhormna and Baile an Lorgain.

Name
The island was originally called Árainn Airthir, and later Inis Oirthir, which are thought to mean "eastern Aran" and "eastern island" respectively. The second element is also found in the names Inishsirrer and Orior. According to Séamas Ó Murchú, the current official name, Inis Oírr, was brought into use by the Ordnance Survey Ireland. He says it may be a compromise between Inis Oirthir and the traditional local name Inis Thiar.

Geology and geography
The island is geologically an extension of The Burren. The terrain of the island is composed of limestone pavements with crisscrossing cracks known as "grikes", leaving isolated rocks called "clints".

The limestones date from the Viséan period (Lower Carboniferous), formed as sediments in a tropical sea approximately 350 million years ago, and compressed into horizontal strata with fossil corals, crinoids, sea urchins and ammonites.

Glaciation following the Namurian phase facilitated greater denudation. The result is that Inisheer is one of the finest examples of a Glacio-Karst landscape in the world. The effects of the last glacial period (the Midlandian) are most in evidence, with the island overrun by ice during this glaciation. The impact of earlier Karstification (solutional erosion) has been eliminated by the last glacial period, so any Karstification now seen dates from approximately 10,000 years ago and the island Karst is thus recent.

Solutional processes have widened and deepened the limestone pavement. Pre-existing lines of weakness in the rock (vertical joints) contribute to the formation of extensive fissures separated by clints (flat pavement-like slabs). The rock karstification facilitates the formation of subterranean drainage.

Climate and agriculture
The island has a temperate climate. Average air temperatures range from 15 °C (59 °F) in July to 6 °C (43 °F) in January. The soil temperature does not usually drop below 6 °C (43 °F). Since grass will grow once the temperature rises above 6 °C (43 °F), this means that the island (like the neighbouring Burren) has one of the longest growing seasons in Ireland, and supports diverse and rich plant growth.

Late May is the sunniest time, and also likely the best time to view flowers, with the gentians and avens peaking (but orchid species blooming later).

Flora and fauna
The island supports arctic, Mediterranean and alpine plants side-by-side, due to the unusual environment. Like the Burren, the Aran islands are known for their remarkable assemblage of plants and animals. The grikes (crevices) provide moist shelter, thus supporting a wide range of plants including dwarf shrubs. Where the surface of the pavement is shattered into gravel, many of the hardier Arctic or alpine plants can be found. But when the limestone pavement is covered by a thin layer of soil, patches of grass are seen, interspersed with plants like the gentian and orchids.

Notable insects present include the butterfly the pearl-bordered fritillary (Boloria euphrosyne), brown hairstreak (Thecla betulae), marsh fritillary (Euphydryas aurinia) and wood white (Leptidea sinapis); the moths, the burren green (Calamia tridens), Irish annulet (Gnophos dumetata) and transparent burnet (Zygaena purpuralis); and the hoverfly Doros profuges.

History
In 1885 a burial site called Cnoc Raithní was discovered which dates back to 1500 BC. This is the earliest evidence of human settlement of the island. Saint Caomhán, the patron saint of Inisheer, according to some traditions, was the elder brother of Kevin of Glendalough. The ruins of Teampall Chaomháin in Inisheer cemetery have to be uncovered annually as the floor of it is well below the level of the sand. In the Middle Ages, the island was ruled by the O'Brien dynasty who provided most of the Kings of Thomond. This rule was exercised before the Anglo-Irish settled in Connacht in the 1230s. The Tribes of Galway paid the O'Briens an annual tribute of twelve tuns of wine "in consideration of their protection and expenses in guarding the bay and harbour of Galway against pirates and coast plunderers." The remains of the 14th-century 'O'Brien's Castle' are sited near the island's highest point. In 1582 the O'Flahertys of Connemara captured it. Today O'Flahertys still live on the island. In 1652 it was given to the Cromwellian invasion force and the O'Flahertys were defeated. They saw no use for it and the castle was partially dismantled, it has been unoccupied since. The cargo vessel MV Plassy, which was shipwrecked off Inis Oírr on 8 March 1960, has since been thrown above the high tide mark at Carraig na Finise on the island by strong Atlantic waves. The wreck features in the opening credits of the TV show Father Ted.

A group of local Islanders, the Inisheer Rocket Crew, rescued the entire crew from the stricken vessel using a breeches buoy; an event captured in a pictorial display at the National Maritime Museum in Dún Laoghaire.

Antiquities
The following sites on the island are designated as National Monuments:
 * Creggankeel Fort (NM 41.01)
 * Grave of the Seven Daughters (NM 41.02)
 * St. Gobnet's Church (NM 41.05)
 * Cnoc Raithní (NM 41.06)
 * O'Brien's Castle (NM 41.07)
 * St. Cavan's Church (NM 41.08)

Demographics
The table below reports data on Inis Oírr's population taken from Discover the Islands of Ireland (Alex Ritsema, Collins Press, 1999) and the Census of Ireland. Census data in Ireland before 1841 are not considered complete and/or reliable.

Transport
The island is reached by ferry from Rossaveal in Connemara and Doolin in County Clare as well as from the other Aran Islands. There is also a regional airport on each island which is served from Connemara Regional Airport by AerArann. A pier was opened in Doolin in June 2015 for commercial ferries serving the island. Islanders travel by foot or car around the island. Tourists can avail of tours/taxi trips by horse and trap.

Language
Irish is still today the daily language of the approximately 260 permanent residents. In addition, many school pupils from the mainland come to the island to learn Irish in an environment where it is a living language in the local college, Coláiste Laichtín during the months of June, July and August.

Sport
Some of the limestone sea cliffs have attracted interest from rock-climbers, though the bigger islands of Inis Mór and Inis Meáin are more popular. Diving is possible.

In the media
The island, including shots of the wrecked MV Plassy, is used to represent the fictional Craggy Island in the opening credits of the 1990s sitcom Father Ted.

Inisheer is also the name of a well-known slow air written by Thomas Walsh from Dublin, after a visit to the island in the 1970s.

Inis Oírr was discussed at length in the work of cultural anthropologist John Cowan Messenger under the name Inis Beag.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Inisheer


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User talk:Elitejeff123

Welcome!
Thank you for the welcome. Elitejeff123 15:12, 30 May 2005 (UTC)

This is my talk page, above is my original welcome here. Feel free to add any comments below.

My user page
Thanks for fixing the spelling error on my userpage! You (Talk) July 8, 2005 16:29 (UTC)

No problemo. Elitejeff123 8 July 2005 17:02 (UTC)

MEDIEVAL HISTORY
Oh, yeah, and I'm going to speedy delete that page. When I changed all the links in the Compleat History Of The World, I missed that one. Also, I moved your content to my userspace. Sorry. You (Talk) July 8, 2005 16:44 (UTC)

It's ok, it was my fault really. Thanks for the help. Elitejeff123 8 July 2005 16:55 (UTC)

 * Actually, on second thought, I won't speedy delete that page since I feel like it would be a conflict of interests for me, but I'm sure somebody else will soon. You (Talk) July 8, 2005 17:01 (UTC)

Replying to talk page messages
Hello, just thought I'd mention that most users prefer that when you reply to a message they leave on your talk page, you reply on their talk page. Personally, I don't care (although it will certainly take me longer to see your replies that way,) although many users do. You (Talk) July 8, 2005 20:56 (UTC)

Little Savages
I have added a "" template to the article Little Savages, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but I don't believe it satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and I've explained why in the deletion notice (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may contest the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page. Also, please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Even though removing the deletion notice will prevent deletion through the proposed deletion process, the article may still be deleted if it matches any of the speedy deletion criteria or it can be sent to Articles for Deletion, where it may be deleted if consensus to delete is reached. Marasmusine 13:42, 5 May 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Elitejeff123


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File:667TheNeighbourOfTheBeast.jpeg

Licensing
The cover of Wig Wam's "667.. The Neighbour of the Beast" album.

title: File:667TheNeighbourOfTheBeast.jpeg


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Hope Sandoval

Hope Sandoval (born June 24, 1966) is an American singer-songwriter, known as the lead singer of Mazzy Star and Hope Sandoval & the Warm Inventions. Sandoval has toured and collaborated with other artists, including Massive Attack, for whom she sang "Paradise Circus" on the 2010 album Heligoland and the 2016 single "The Spoils".

Early life
Sandoval was born June 24, 1966, in Los Angeles, to Mexican-American parents and raised in East Los Angeles. Her father was a butcher and her mother worked for a potato chip manufacturing company. She has one sibling and seven half-siblings. Her parents separated when she was a child and she was raised primarily by her mother.

She attended Mark Keppel High School in Alhambra, but struggled socially and academically, and was placed in special education classes. She began to forgo her classes, instead staying home and listening to records. "It's just like anybody elsesome people, most people don't wanna go to school. They just don't want to", Sandoval recalled. "I was just somebody who got away with it… There wasn't really anyone watching". She eventually dropped out of high school.

Sandoval took an interest in music at an early age, and at age 13 was particularly influenced by the Rolling Stones. In 1986, she formed the folk music duo Going Home with Sylvia Gomez and sent a demo tape to David Roback. He contacted the duo and suggested that he would "play guitar for you guys". The material recorded by Gomez, Sandoval and Roback has yet to be released.

Opal and Mazzy Star (1988–1996)
Sandoval performed with the band Opal in the late 1980s alongside David Roback and long-time Roback collaborator Kendra Smith. After Smith's abrupt departure during a tour of the UK (hurling her guitar to the floor at the Hammersmith gig), Sandoval took over lead vocals. At the end of the tour, Roback and Sandoval began writing together and formed the alternative rock band Mazzy Star.

The first Mazzy Star album, She Hangs Brightly, was released in 1990. While not a commercial success, this album did establish Mazzy Star as a band with a unique sound.

The band had a surprise breakthrough hit single released in October 1993. "Fade into You"from the band's second album So Tonight That I Might Seewas recorded one year before it became a success.

There is a continuity between the sounds and moods established on Mazzy Star's first two albums and the band's third, Among My Swan. Mazzy Star went on hiatus in 1997.

Hope Sandoval and the Warm Inventions (2000–2010)
Sandoval formed The Warm Inventions in 2000 and released her first solo album Bavarian Fruit Bread in 2001, which she recorded with My Bloody Valentine drummer Colm Ó Cíosóig. The album differed in terms of theme, voice, and instrumentation from that of her work with Mazzy Star. Bert Jansch plays guitar on two tracks, and the album features two covers, "Butterfly Mornings" from the film The Ballad of Cable Hogue (1970) and Jesus and Mary Chain's "Drop". The Warm Inventions released two EPs, At the Doorway Again in 2000 and Suzanne in 2002 but did not win commercial success, with one video on MTV and little radio play. Sandoval recorded a song, "Wild Roses", for a compilation CD released by Air France, In the Air (2008).

Hope Sandoval and The Warm Inventions released their second album, Through the Devil Softly, on September 29, 2009.

Sandoval and her band were chosen by Matt Groening to perform at the edition of the All Tomorrow's Parties festival he curated in May 2010 in Minehead, England. The group also played the ATP New York 2010 music festival in Monticello, New York in September 2010 at the request of film director Jim Jarmusch.

Mazzy Star re-formation (2011–2014)
In 2009, Sandoval confirmed in an interview with Rolling Stone that Mazzy Star was still active: "It's true we're still together. We're almost finished [with the record]. But I have no idea what that means." In October 2011, the group released the single "Common Burn"/"Lay Myself Down", their first material in 15 years. The group stated that they had plans to release the album in 2012. In July 2013, "California", the first single from the new album was released. The album, Seasons of Your Day, was released in September 2013.

David Roback died in Los Angeles on February 24, 2020 from cancer.

Renewed solo activity (2016–present)
On March 9, 2016, it was confirmed that Hope Sandoval & The Warm Inventions would release a 7" vinyl single titled "Isn't It True" for Record Store Day 2016. The track also features Jim Putnam of Radar Bros. A music video for the song was released on April 19, and is dedicated to Richie Lee of Acetone. The Warm Inventions' third studio album, Until the Hunter, was released on November 4 through the band's own independent record label, Tendril Tales. A second single from the album, "Let Me Get There" featuring Kurt Vile, was released on September 23.

Sandoval contributed vocals to "I Don't Mind" by Psychic Ills, which was released on March 29, 2016. Four months later, Massive Attack released "The Spoils", which was her third collaboration with the band, following "Paradise Circus" and "Four Walls". A music video starring actress Cate Blanchett was released on August 9.

She covered "Big Boss Man" on Mercury Rev's 2019 album Bobbie Gentry's The Delta Sweete Revisited.

Performing style
During live performances, Sandoval prefers to sing in near-darkness with only a dim backlight, playing the tambourine, harmonica, glockenspiel or shaker. She has a reputation for shyness. Her stage presence has been described as "idly withdrawn, barely acknowledging the audience".

Personal life
Sandoval lives in Berkeley, California.

Mazzy Star

 * She Hangs Brightly (1990)
 * So Tonight That I Might See (1993)
 * Among My Swan (1996)
 * Seasons of Your Day (2013)

Hope Sandoval and the Warm Inventions

 * Bavarian Fruit Bread (2001)
 * Through the Devil Softly (2009)
 * Until the Hunter (2016)

Collaborations
Sandoval has collaborated with numerous other artists.
 * "Sometimes Always" by The Jesus and Mary Chain from Stoned & Dethroned (1994)
 * "Perfume" by The Jesus and Mary Chain from Munki (1998)
 * "Asleep from Day" by The Chemical Brothers from Surrender (1999)
 * "Killing Smile" and "Help Yourself" by Death in Vegas from Scorpio Rising (2002)
 * "All This Remains" by Bert Jansch from Edge of a Dream (2002)
 * "Cherry Blossom Girl (Hope Sandoval Version)" by Air from "Cherry Blossom Girl" (2004)
 * "Angels' Share" by Vetiver from Vetiver (2004)
 * "Harmony" and "Papillon de Nuit" by Le Volume Courbe from I Killed My Best Friend (2005)
 * "Paradise Circus" by Massive Attack from Heligoland (2010)
 * "Four Walls" by Massive Attack vs. Burial, non-album single (2011)
 * "Not at All" by Dirt Blue Gene from Watergrasshill (2013)
 * "I Don't Mind" by Psychic Ills from Inner Journey Out (2016)
 * "The Spoils" by Massive Attack, non-album single (2016)
 * "Big Boss Man" by Mercury Rev from Bobbie Gentry's The Delta Sweete Revisited (2019)
 * "I'll Walk with You" by Elizabeth Hart from Songs for Tres (2021)

title: Hope Sandoval


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File:House of Love album coverart.jpg

Fair use in House of Love (Amy Grant album)
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) It's a low resolution copy of a CD/album cover.
 * 2) It doesn't limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the CD/album in any way, in fact, it may encourage sales.
 * 3) Because of the low resolution, copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the album artwork on another CD.
 * 4) The image is itself a subject of discussion in the article or used in the infobox thereof.
 * 5) The image on the cover is significant because it was made by a famous artist.

Source

 * 1) Derived from a digital capture (scan/photo) of the album/CD cover (creator of this digital version is irrelevant as the copyright in all equivalent images is still held by the same party). Copyright held by the record company or the artist. Claimed as fair use regardless.

title: File:House of Love album coverart.jpg


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Lázně Bohdaneč

Lázně Bohdaneč (, until 1980 Bohdaneč) is a spa town in Pardubice District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 3,500 inhabitants.

Etymology
The name Bohdaneč is derived from the personal name Bohdanec (diminutive form of Bohdan), meaning "Bohdanec's". In the Middle Ages, the name Bohdanice was also used. In 1980, the name was changed to Lázně Bohdaneč ("Spa Bohdaneč").

Geography
Lázně Bohdaneč is located about 7 km northwest of Pardubice. It lies in the East Elbe Table, in the Polabí region. The streams Černská strouha and Rajská strouha flow through the municipal territory.

Several fish ponds are located in the northern part of the territory. The largest of them is Bohdanečský, which is together with its surroundings protected as the Bohdanečský rybník National Nature Reserve.

History
The first written mention of Bohdaneč is from 1264. In 1491, it was acquired by the Pernštejn family. During their rule, the greatest development occurred. The Pernštejns built the Opatovice Canal through the area to supply the large pond system and completely changed the character of the landscape. They also laid out today's floor plan of the town and founded four main streets. On the town square, Renaissance burgher houses and the new town hall were built. Most of these houses were destroyed by a large fire in 1772. The fire and subsequent cholera epidemics stopped the development of the town.

Bohdaneč remained a small agricultural town until 1897, when the peat spa was founded.

Economy
The spa is the main employer based in the town. It is focused on the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders.

Transport
There are no railways or major roads passing through the municipality.

Sport
The town was home of a football club AFK Atlantic Lázně Bohdaneč, which played the Czech First League in the 1997–98 season. After this season the club was relegated and due to financial problems it was merged with FK Slovan Pardubice in 2000. There is a local football club SK Lázně Bohdaneč, which plays in lower amateur tiers.

Sights
The main landmark of the town square is the Church of the Mary Magdalene. It was built in the Baroque style in 1728–1737.

Gočár Pavilion is a Cubist building that is part of the spa. It was built according to the design of the leading Czech architect Josef Gočár in 1911.

title: Lázně Bohdaneč


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Penn Brewery

Penn Brewery, also known as the Pennsylvania Brewing Company, is a brewery and restaurant in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was founded by Tom Pastorius in 1986, and is located at 800 Vinial Street in the Troy Hill neighborhood of Pittsburgh, on the site of the former Eberhardt and Ober Brewery (founded in 1848).

History and restoration of Eberhardt and Ober Brewery building
Originally a contract brewing operation, Penn Brewery brewed its original and flagship product at the facilities of the Pittsburgh Brewing Company and then the Jones Brewing Company until 1989. Known as Penn Pilsner, Pastorius brewed the full bodied German-syle beer in strict accordance to the German Purity Law (Reinheitsgebot) of 1516. Penn Pilsner quickly gained in popularity among Pennsylvania beer drinkers, increasing the need for its own brewing facility. Pastorius also recognized the demand for authentic German cuisine in his hometown of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, spawning the idea of a "tied house", or brewery and restaurant under one roof, similar to the many beer halls he experienced while living in Germany for twelve years.

Prior to 1987, however, Pennsylvania law prohibited such a facility. Pastorius responded by successfully lobbying Pennsylvania legislators to change state law. In 1987 Pastorius, signed a lease to become the anchor tenant in the former Eberhardt & Ober Brewery that was being redeveloped by the Northside Civic Development Council. The brewery is located at 800 Vinial Street on the North Side of Pittsburgh. Three of the original E & O brewery buildings remain, the stock house (c. 1880-84), and office building standing on a side cut into the rock of Troy Hill. Pastorius hired German Brewmaster Alex Deml to oversee construction of the 30,000 barrel-a-year capacity brewing facility, which included custom built micro-brewery equipment imported from Germany.

On September 12, 1989, the Allegheny Brewpub (later renamed Penn Brewery) opened its doors, with dignitaries including Pittsburgh Mayor Sophie Masloff and Pennsylvania Governor Bob Casey tapping the first keg. The Pennsylvania Brewery occupied 16,000 sq. ft. On the first floor. The Northside Civic Development Council operated a business incubator In the other 36,000 sq. ft. of the property, offering low-rent and consultants for start-up companies.

In 2003, Wexford, PA, based Birchmere Capital LP purchased a controlling stake in Penn Brewery.

Founder Tom Pastorius died on September 6, 2012. Pastorius' ancestor, Franz Daniel Pastorius, founded Germantown, Pennsylvania in 1683.

Closure
On January 2, 2009, Birchmere ended beer production at the Vinial Street location and laid off 8 of the 10 brewery employees. All production was outsourced to the Lion Brewery in Wilkes-Barre, PA. The restaurant was scheduled to close February 28, 2009, but a last-minute agreement allowed it to remain at its current location for the next five years.

On August 19, 2009, Birchmere announced the indefinite closing of the Penn Brewery Restaurant.

Re-opening
On November 23, 2009, Penn Brewery issued a press announcement indicating that a small group of local investors, had acquired Penn Brewery from Birchmere Capital, under undisclosed terms, and that the original owner would be returning to lead a restart of brewing at the Vinial Street location, as well as an eventual reopening of the restaurant.

On December 8, 2009, brewing officially resumed at the E & O facility, with the first mashing occurring at 10:20 AM. December 30, 2009 at 4:00 PM marked the first beer tasting of the new era of Penn Brewery.

On December 30, 2009 the Penn Brewery Restaurant opened for a "sneak peek" preview of the beers. Festivities were open to the public and the response was incredible.

In February 2010 a new kegging line was installed, and on February 17, 2010, the first kegs of locally brewed Penn Brewery beer were released to wholesalers.

In March 2010 the Penn Brewery Restaurant started weekly "growler hours" every Friday from 4pm to 6pm. The public was given the opportunity to purchase pint drafts and half gallon growlers for home while construction continues on the kitchen. Varieties available on tap will vary based on latest brewings from Penn Brewery, but in general will include Penn Pilsner, Kaiser Pils, Penn Dark, and new Allegheny Pale Ale.

In 2012, Pittsburgh Magazine named it one of the favorite breweries in Pittsburgh.

In August of 2022 the brewery was sold to local businessman Stefan Nitsch. Christopher Rudolph continues as head brewer, introducing new small batch brews each month.

title: Penn Brewery


text:
1977–78 Bundesliga

The 1977–78 Bundesliga was the 15th season of the Bundesliga, West Germany's premier football league. It began on 6 August 1977 and ended on 29 April 1978. Borussia Mönchengladbach were the defending champions.

Competition modus
Every team played two games against each other team, one at home and one away. Teams received two points for a win and one point for a draw. If two or more teams were tied on points, places were determined by goal difference and, if still tied, by goals scored. The team with the most points were crowned champions while the three teams with the fewest points were relegated to their respective 2. Bundesliga divisions.

Team changes to 1976–77
Karlsruher SC, Tennis Borussia Berlin and Rot-Weiss Essen were relegated to the 2. Bundesliga after finishing in the last three places. They were replaced by FC St. Pauli, winners of the 2. Bundesliga Northern Division, VfB Stuttgart, winners of the Southern Division and TSV 1860 Munich, who won a promotion play-off series against Arminia Bielefeld.

Season overview
The 1977–78 season, which ended earlier than usual due to the upcoming World Cup in Argentina, ended with 1. FC Köln winning the title, but the decision had been closer than anybody would have imagined. The team from Cologne was level on points with Borussia Mönchengladbach before the final round of matches of the season, but had a ten-goal lead in goal difference over their rivals. Nevertheless, Mönchengladbach managed to close the gap with a 12–0 victory in their last match against Borussia Dortmund. However, the team around Jupp Heynckes and Berti Vogts missed out on the title by three goals because Köln won 5–0 against FC St. Pauli at the same time.

Top goalscorers

 * 24 goals
 * 🇩🇪 Dieter Müller (1. FC Köln)
 * 🇩🇪 Gerd Müller (FC Bayern Munich)

 * 21 goals
 * 🇩🇪 Klaus Toppmöller (1. FC Kaiserslautern)

 * 20 goals
 * 🇩🇪 Manfred Burgsmüller (Borussia Dortmund)
 * 🇩🇪 Klaus Fischer (FC Schalke 04)

 * 18 goals
 * 🇩🇪 Jupp Heynckes (Borussia Mönchengladbach)

 * 17 goals
 * 🇩🇪 Karl-Heinz Granitza (Hertha BSC)
 * 🇩🇰 Allan Simonsen (Borussia Mönchengladbach)

 * 16 goals
 * 🇩🇪 Franz Gerber (FC St. Pauli)
 * 🇩🇪 Rudolf Seliger (MSV Duisburg)

title: 1977–78 Bundesliga


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Aisling O'Sullivan

Aisling O'Sullivan (born in Tralee, County Kerry) is an Irish actress.

Career
O'Sullivan attended the Gaiety School of Acting in Dublin and joined the Abbey Theatre in 1991.

Theatre
In 2011 and 2012, she toured Ireland with Druid, playing the titular character in Big Maggie by John B. Keane.

At the National Theatre she played in Liolà, Mutabilitie, and The Cripple of Inishmaan.

Film and television
She played the grieving mother who commits suicide in Six Shooter, playwright Martin McDonagh's Oscar-winning short film.

She is familiar to Irish television audiences as Dr. Cathy Costello from Series 1 to Series 5 in the drama series The Clinic.

title: Aisling O'Sullivan


text:
Talk:I'll Be There (Jackson 5 song)

Untitled
I'm removing the merge tag because there was already consensus to keep the Mariah Carey song page separate from the Jackson 5 song. Mike H (Talking is hot) 00:12, 2 October 2005 (UTC)

Flawed Literary Interpretation?
I wonder where the writer (one of the writers, i.e., one of the wikipedia contributers) of the I'll Be There Wikipedia entry got this interpretation: "The resulting song was a gentle ballad, in which the narrator asks his ex-lover to give their love another chance." It seems to me to be a wrong interpretation. Also, deeply rich literary aspects of this song and lyrics are being left aside...

-- Julio Siqueira (sorry for not loggin in; I am trying to retrieve my wikipedia logging info. juliocbsiqueira2012@gmail.com, former email was juliocbsiqueira@terra.com.br — Preceding unsigned comment added by 177.98.71.154 (talk) 13:46, 10 June 2012 (UTC)

"Interpretation" for the meaning of the I'll be There song altered. The new interpretation is: '''The resulting song was a gentle ballad, in which the narrator asks his lover to make a very special vow ("a pact"), one capable of bringing - as he put it - "salvation back," summarized in the phrase "where there is love, I'll be there," in an allusion to a passage from Matthew 18:20, where it is said (by Jesus): "For where two or three are gathered together in my name, there am I in the midst of them." He promises that he'll always be there "to comfort you," and that even if she "should ever find someone new," he'll still be there for her if her new love treats her wrong.''' Julio Siqueira 2012 (talk) 12:34, 19 June 2012 (UTC)

Copied from Talk:I'll Be There (Mariah Carey song):

Considering that they're the exact same song, do the J5 and Mariah versions of "I'll Be There" really need seperate articles? Ususally when articles are written on songs that are recorded by more than one act, one article is used to discuss all versions of the song (see "Who's Lovin' You", "Hum Along and Dance", and "I Heard It Through the Grapevine"). --FuriousFreddy 14:24, 3 May 2005 (UTC)

No, they're not exactly the same song. There are notable differences and a merger would not look good. Usually a different article is used for covers like I Will Always Love You, I Will Always Love You (Whitney Houston song), Lady Marmalade and Lady Marmalade (2001 song), both versions of My Prerogative, etc. OmegaWikipedia 05:15, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I've heard both, extensively, and they are the exact same song (not the same record). The differneces between the records themselves are relatively minor, although no difference in the recordings would be enough to warrant seperate articles of the same song (especially when, as apears to be the case, such a thing is only done for a small group of singers, namely Mariah Carey, Whitney Houston, Chrisitna Agulera, and Britney Spears. It would hardly make sense to write articles for every major version of "Santa Claus is Coming to Town", since, if we are to exemplify a neutral point of view, we would have ot do in order to warrant Mariah Carey having her own seperate article. You and anyone else working on pop-star singles articles are the only ones wriitng seperate articles on covers; previously, one article per song was more than enough (and should still be). Notice that all of the examples you gave have been labeled for merger as well. --FuriousFreddy 06:14, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I agree they should be merged and that the singles are very similar. I'm interested in the history of the song more than I'm interested in an article about one particular version, but that's a matter of opinion, I guess.  I also find it annoying that this is titled "Mariah Carey song".  "Mariah Carey version" or "Mariah Carey single" would be better, but it's not her song.  Rossrs 13:34, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I've performed a "test" merge of the two pages at Talk:I'll Be There (Mariah Carey song)/temp, to see what the resulting article would look like if they were to be merged. Extraordinary Machine 14:25, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I took the test merge and did some revising and formatting, hopefully so that they read better combined. At the very least, if they are not combined, I have cut down a lot of extraneous information in the Mariah Carey article (both here and in the combined version), and the article should be moved to I'll Be There (Mariah Carey cover) or I'll Be There (Mariah Carey version). This should not be a rule, however; it should only be done in the cases of major (read: number one) hits that are notable in their own right (as it stands right now, there are only two such songs that I know of that apply: "Lady Marmalade" and "I Will Always Love You"). --FuriousFreddy 17:35, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

Merge
Well, since a lot of excess in the I'll Be There (Mariah Carey song) had been trimmed by FuriousFreddy, and the main I'll Be There article was small enough to accommodate information on both the Jackson 5 and Carey versions, I've copied and pasted the material from Talk:I'll Be There (Mariah Carey song)/temp into this article, and have turned both that and the article on the Carey version into redirects to this article. Extraordinary Machine 23:09, 5 November 2005 (UTC)

 * OmegaWikipedia, in his edit summary here, asks "Why are we merging?" To answer the question: because there's more than enough room for the both of them. Extraordinary Machine 23:15, 5 November 2005 (UTC)

There was already a vote to keep the two seperate OmegaWikipedia 23:19, 5 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Articles for deletion/I'll Be There (Mariah Carey song) attracted ten "keep" votes and eight "merge" votes, equalling no consensus. There are several song articles on Wikipedia that discuss more than one version, e.g. Radio Ga-Ga, I Heard It Through the Grapevine and Respect (song). Everything's in one place, it's all well under the 32kb limit, and no information has been lost. I don't see what the problem is. Extraordinary Machine 23:45, 5 November 2005 (UTC)

Both tags on the article say keep instead of no consensus. In any case, they shouldnt be merged because there it looks very confusing and messy. OmegaWikipedia 23:52, 5 November 2005 (UTC)

 * A ratio of ten to eight on a WP:AFD vote today would probably be considered "no consensus": remember, that debate was held months ago. I don't think the merged article is confusing, as it is clearly indicated via section headers where it is discussing the different versions. Does this mean that the articles I mentioned above should be split off as well? They seem no different to me than this one. Extraordinary Machine 23:56, 5 November 2005 (UTC)

 * The merge follows the discussions at WikiProject Songs, and Extraordinary Machine improved two articles by performing it. I would suggest that the article is not improved by having two infoboxes, however.  Jkelly 02:29, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * We should probably make some sort of templete for a combined infobox for other songs with more than one highly notable version, like the aforementioned I Heard It Through the Grapevine. We should also do one for standards and songs that aren't based in popular music recordings. BTW, I just did some rearranging to create an improved layout, and I found that this picture over here (--->). didn't seem to fit (probably becasue of its high similarity to the actual single cover). We should probably get a better picture (with both of the 1992 song's performers), and also one of the Jackson 5 performing this song somewhere(I'm sure they've done it on Ed Sullivan or a similar show). But without pictures, it's still fine. --FuriousFreddy 02:47, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Would this one do? (If the link doesn't take you straight there, just click on "Picture Gallery", then "Screen Captures", and then the "I'll Be There" thumb.) Coincidentially, a lot of the other music video screenshots for Mariah Carey singles seem very close up to her face, and don't tell us much about the video. Before more single infoboxes are created, though, I think we should start a discussion at the WikiProject Music and/or Song talk pages on which fields are completely necessary. For example, I started Template:Single infobox2 to accommodate all the fields present in the "custom", syntax-based infoboxes floating around (writers, video directors, certifications), but I'm beginning to think that I shouldn't have. The more information is presented in the infobox, the more unwieldy it becomes, and there's now a point where these custom infoboxes are far larger than the actual text of the article (e.g. She Will Be Loved).
 * Also, I've taken a close look at Template:Mariah Carey2. In addition to Do You Know Where You're Going To? (Theme from Mahogany) (Mariah Carey recording), here are the articles about covers that Carey has done that I think should be merged someplace else: Without You (Mariah Carey song), Endless Love (1994 song), Joy to the World (Mariah Carey single), O Holy Night (Mariah Carey single), Open Arms (Mariah Carey song), Sweetheart (1998 song), I Still Believe (Mariah Carey song), Against All Odds (Take a Look at Me Now) (2000 song), Last Night a DJ Saved My Life (2001 song), Bringin' on the Heartbreak (or should at least have more information on the original song) and Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town (Mariah Carey single). Plus there are various "airplay" only singles, or ones which weren't even released at all (such as The One (Mariah Carey song) and Say Somethin'), that should probably be merged into the articles about the albums they came from. Extraordinary Machine 13:42, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * As far as the single infobox goes, we should probably make one singgular designed version (for consistency), and redesign it entirely for at least two reasons: (1) Not all singles have album covers, b-sides, certifications, or music videos and (2) the custom ones can become very long, very easily. --FuriousFreddy 18:17, 6 November 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't understand why we should merge all of these Mariah Carey articles — especially "Without You". Its success was far more driven than that of its original artist(s), and proved to be a hit-single even in countries that did not accept the original track. The same situation is held with "I Still Believe", which lives up to the fact that Carey plays the role of her idol — Monroe. The need is irrelevant. --Hollow Wilerding 13:51, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * If a song was more popular in a covered version than its original, then the article should reflect that. But one article should mention both. --FuriousFreddy 18:10, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes, I agree. There's no need to merge all those articles. OmegaWikipedia 13:52, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * This particular consensus indicates that the two articles be kept separate. So I honestly don't see why this debate is continuing. Whatever the result was is what the result was, regardless if you are fond of it or not. --Hollow Wilerding 13:56, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * That particular debate attracted ten "keep" votes and eight "merge" votes, which would be considered "no consensus" today. Proposals to merge articles aren't supposed to be listed at WP:AFD anymore as it is believed that they clog up the page, so I can't take the discussion there. I've listed the dispute (as well as the one about the Diana Ross and Carey versions of "Do You Know Where You're Going To") and put it up for discussion at Duplicate articles. Per Merging and moving pages, merging articles is a good idea when "There are two or more articles on related subjects that have a large overlap. Wikipedia is not a dictionary; there doesn't need to be a separate entry for every concept in the universe" and, in the case of "Do You Know Where You're Going To", "Santa Claus Is Comin' to Town", and articles about "airplay only" releases, "If an article is very short and cannot or should not be expanded terribly much, it often makes sense to merge it with an article on a broader topic". Information on the Jackson 5 and Mariah Carey versions of the song fits easily under the 32kb article size limit, the different sections on the two versions are clearly indicated, and I feel it's better to have the history of a song in one place anyway. I don't see what the problem is. Extraordinary Machine 14:55, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * The last thing Wikipedia needs (which is what it seems to be getting stuffed with) is a glut of articles about each and every song (or version of a song) that comes out. There should be a requirement that anyone who decides seperate articles are required for different covers of a song be required to write an article on each and every major version of a song, otherwise they will all be merged. Then, perhaps, after they've written the twentieth article on "Santa Claus is Comin' to Town" and have had to look back over what they've done, the lack of reasoning behind the process will be made clear. --FuriousFreddy 16:37, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * I just signed up for Wikipedia, and I can already see why User:Winnermario chose to go. As I've mentioned before, "ten votes for keep and eight votes for merge" is a consensus. Why? That's because more people chose to vote "keep". You mentioning that "today it would mean no consensus" makes no sense whatsoever, because today and yesterday (or "May" in this case) are not far apart at all. Having cover versions merged with original versions is unintelligent, while there is also an ongoing debate about charts, where if you ask me, is one of the most illogical arguments that's ever been displayed. Charts don't add anything to Wikipedia, except a POV-style. --Hollow Wilerding 17:48, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Winnermario had a problem with being civil. If people vote "keep", they have to provide better reasons other than "it's part of Mariah Carey's discography". You say "having cover versions merged with original versions is unintelligent" (that's a personal attack, by the way; I stopped myself from saying the same thing about making seperate articles--especially in the cases of songs with more than two important versions). As far as charts go, in my personal opinion, they should all be done away with; they turn articles into marketing reports. But most people seem to want them, so there needs to be a professional and well-laid-out way to present them. --FuriousFreddy 18:10, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * As I've mentioned before, "ten votes for keep and eight votes for merge" is a consensus. Why? That's because more people chose to vote "keep". You have mentioned that before, but because you are new here I will demonstrate why that's not correct. "Consensus" is a (mostly) specific policy at Wikipedia, and according to that policy consensus is usually considered reached when between (depending on the type of discussion) two-thirds and three-quarters of a poll result are for one outcome. Ten votes out of eighteen is not a consensus, it's a plurality, and a very slim one -- Wikipedia is not a democracy. I hope that clears things up for you. -- keep sleep ing  say what  20:38, 6 November 2005 (UTC)

 * Then Wikipedia needs to change its policies; "consensus" has a meaning, and that meaning is currently being abused. --Hollow Wilerding 02:50, 7 November 2005 (UTC)

Include "Dangerous-The Short Films" Version
There's a piano version of "I'll Be There" by MJ and his kid self. I saw that it was a brief duet. Can we add this? Pokemon Buffy Titan (talk) 03:22, 25 March 2008 (UTC)

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title: Talk:I'll Be There (Jackson 5 song)


text:
1976–77 Bundesliga

The 1976–77 Bundesliga was the 14th season of the Bundesliga, West Germany's premier football league. It began on 14 August 1976 and ended on 21 May 1977. Borussia Mönchengladbach were the defending champions.

Competition modus
Every team played two games against each other team, one at home and one away. Teams received two points for a win and one point for a draw. If two or more teams were tied on points, places were determined by goal difference and, if still tied, by goals scored. The team with the most points were crowned champions while the three teams with the fewest points were relegated to their respective 2. Bundesliga divisions.

Team changes to 1975–76
Hannover 96, Kickers Offenbach and Bayer 05 Uerdingen were relegated to the 2. Bundesliga after finishing in the last three places. They were replaced by Tennis Borussia Berlin, winners of the 2. Bundesliga Northern Division, 1. FC Saarbrücken, winners of the Southern Division and Borussia Dortmund, who won a two-legged promotion play-off against 1. FC Nürnberg.

Top goalscorers

 * 34 goals
 * 🇩🇪 Dieter Müller (1. FC Köln)

 * 28 goals
 * 🇩🇪 Gerd Müller (FC Bayern Munich)

 * 26 goals
 * 🇩🇪 Bernd Hölzenbein (Eintracht Frankfurt)

 * 24 goals
 * 🇩🇪 Klaus Fischer (FC Schalke 04)
 * 🇩🇪 Wolfgang Frank (Eintracht Braunschweig)

 * 21 goals
 * 🇩🇪 Josef Kaczor (VfL Bochum)

 * 20 goals
 * 🇩🇪 Horst Hrubesch (Rot-Weiß Essen)
 * 🇸🇪 Benny Wendt (Tennis Borussia Berlin)
 * 🇩🇪 Rüdiger Wenzel (Eintracht Frankfurt)

 * 19 goals
 * 🇩🇪 Klaus Toppmöller (1. FC Kaiserslautern)

title: 1976–77 Bundesliga


text:
Lages

Lages is a Brazilian municipality located in the central part of the state of Santa Catarina, in the region known in Portuguese as "Planalto Serrano".

It is located in the mountain region of the state and is the largest municipality of it. It is the main city of this region, and borders the towns of Otacílio Costa, São Joaquim, and Correia Pinto. The main course of urban water is Carahá River.

Lages hosts an annual festival called Festa do Pinhão, that is famous throughout the country.

Economically, the city is known for its strong cattle breeding and wood processing factories.

History
In the beginning of the 17th century, the arrival of the first Europeans established the town. The growing of the Campos de Lajens was due to the opening of roads to reach the fields of the state Rio Grande do Sul. The people of São Paulo and Minas Gerais were attracted to this region due to the cattle-breeding business with the gauchos.

Very primitive documents mention Lajens as a stop for horse riders that were traveling from Sorocaba or São Paulo, transporting mules, horses and cattle. Correia Pinto, the founder, was a horse rider, and ran cattle groups from Lajens to São Paulo.

On November 22, 1766, Lajens was promoted to state from village. In 1820 it detached itself from São Paulo to be part of the state of Santa Catarina. On May 25, 1860, it was elevated to city status. In 1960 the city's name was changed to Lages with a "g" wrongly inserted.

During the Revolução Farroupilha, Lages belonged to the state of Rio Grande do Sul.

Lages is served by Antônio Correia Pinto de Macedo Airport and Planalto Serrano Regional Airport located in the adjoining municipality of Correia Pinto.

Geography
Lages is located in the mountain region of the state and is the largest municipality of it. It is the main city of this region, and borders the towns of Otacílio Costa, São Joaquim, and Correia Pinto. The main course of urban water is Carahá River.

Climate
Lages has a subtropical highland climate (Koppen: Cfb), with an annual mean temperature of 16 C. Winter temperatures can stay below freezing, with occurrence of frost and snow. During the summer, temperatures may reach 30 C and droughts may occur.

Records
Data by INMET shows that the lowest temperature recorded in the city between 1961 and 2017 was -6 C on 14 July 2000 and the highest was 34.5 C on 9 January 2006. On 1 October 2001, the city accumulated a record of 177 mm of precipitation in a period of 24 hours. Previous large accumulations include 122 mm on 22 October 1979 and 117.2 mm on 16 April 1971.

With 671.4 mm, August 1983 was the month with the most accumulated precipitation. The lowest relative humidity observed was of 20% on 13 November 1971.

Neighborhoods
Lages contains seventy-two neighborhoods:

(Jardim Cepar) (Avenida Corina Caon)
 * Araucária
 * Área Industrial
 * Bates
 * Beatriz
 * Bela Vista
 * Bom Jesus
 * Boqueirão
 * Brusque
 * Caça e Tiro
 * Caravágio
 * Caroba
 * CDL
 * Centenário
 * Centro
 * Cidade Alta
 * Chapada
 * Conta Dinheiro
 * Copacabana
 * Coral
 * Conte
 * Cruz de Malta
 * Dom Daniel
 * Ferrovia
 * Frei Rogério
 * Gethal
 * Gralha Azul
 * Guadalupe
 * Guadalajara
 * Guarujá
 * Golin
 * Habitação
 * Ipiranga
 * Jardim Celina
 * Jardim das Camélias
 * Jardim Panorâmico
 * Maria Luiza
 * Morro do Posto
 * Morro Grande
 * Nossa Senhora Aparecida
 * Passo Fundo
 * Penha
 * Petrópolis
 * Pisani
 * Ponte Grande
 * Popular
 * Pró-Morar
 * Restinga Seca
 * Sagrado Coração de Jesus
 * Santa Catarina
 * Santa Cândida
 * Santa Clara
 * Santa Helena
 * Santa Maria
 * Santa Mônica
 * Santa Rita
 * Santo Antônio
 * São Cristóvão
 * São Francisco
 * Salto Caveiras
 * São Luiz
 * São Miguel
 * São Paulo
 * São Pedro
 * São Sebastião
 * Triângulo
 * Tributo
 * Universitário
 * Várzea
 * Vila Comboni
 * Vila Maria
 * Vila Mariza
 * Vila Nova
 * Vista Alegre

title: Lages


text:
Talk:Knights of the Order of the White Eagle

Shouldn't Witold Lutoslawski be on this page? I have heard from many sources- including his page on this website- that he was a recipient of the Order of the White Eagle...

 * Fell free to add him to the list (and others) - the list is incomplete--Witkacy 23:38, 29 May 2005 (UTC)

alphabetical order
The names should be ordered alphabetically by FAMILY names, not by first names (with one exception of Pope John Paul II). So, the family Radziwiłł together, family Poniatowski ect. In Polish, the person is introduced in order "First name, Family name" but alphabetical order is always by Family name. I corrected it. (so, it is no more "Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski, Adam Stefan Sapieha..." order but "Leszek Balcerowicz, Władysław Bartoszewski..." order) Merewyn 11:31, 12 September 2006 (UTC)


text:
Querelle des Bouffons

The Querelle des Bouffons ("Quarrel of the Comic Actors"), also known as the Guerre des Bouffons ("War of the Comic Actors"), was the name given to a battle of musical philosophies that took place in Paris between 1752 and 1754. The controversy concerned the relative merits of French and Italian opera. It was also known as the Guerre des Coins ("War of the Corners"), with those favoring French opera in the King's corner, and those favoring Italian opera in the Queen's corner.

It was sparked by the reaction of literary Paris to a performance of Giovanni Battista Pergolesi's short intermezzo La serva padrona at the Académie royale de musique in Paris on 1 August 1752. La serva padrona was performed by an itinerant Italian troupe of comic actors, known as buffoni (bouffons in French, hence the name of the quarrel). In the controversy that followed, critics such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Friedrich Melchior Grimm, along with other writers associated with the Encyclopédie, praised Italian opera buffa. They attacked French lyric tragedy, a style originated by Jean-Baptiste Lully and promoted by such French composers as Jean-Philippe Rameau.

Beginning of the quarrel
In France in the middle of the eighteenth century, the genre of "comic ballet" (such as Rameau's Platée) was starting to acquire comic elements, while the genre of opéra bouffon was starting to produce a type of original comedy that was closer to farce and commedia dell'arte. Comedy at the Royal Academy of Music (Académie royale de musique, the future Paris Opera) was usually limited to tragédie lyrique or tragédie en musique. For something light, audiences went to the Comédie-Française, which would alternate tragedies with comedies and the farces of Molière.

In Italy, this evolution proceeded more rapidly, until opera split into two distinct genres. One of the genres was "serious opera" (opera seria) with serious themes from librettos by Apostolo Zeno and Metastasio. The other was comic opera (opera buffa, from buffo— "to laugh", "grotesque", "farce”) with comic interludes marked with lightness, innocence, simplicity, irrationality, and the triviality of daily life.

It was against this background that the arrival, in 1752, of La serva padrona at the Royal Academy of Music triggered a culture war among Parisian intelligentsia.

The quarrel broke out on August 1, 1752, when Eustacchio Bambini's Italian touring company arrived in Paris to give performances of intermezzi and opera buffa. They opened with a performance of Pergolesi's La serva padrona (The Servant Turned Mistress). This work had been given in Paris before (in 1746) without attracting any attention. But this time it was performed at the Royal Academy of Music and it created a scandal. People were shocked, and supporters of French tragédie lyrique squared off against supporters of Italian opéra bouffon in a dispute carried out through the medium of pamphlets.

The pamphlet war
In 1753 Jean-Jacques Rousseau published a pamphlet (Letter on French Music), boosting La serva; and at the end of the year, he published it in an engraved edition to disseminate an uncorrupted text. Both versions would weigh heavily in the reception of the work.

 * But without insisting on the tragic duets, a kind of music that we do not know in Paris, I can give you a comic duet that is known to everyone there, and I mention it boldly as a model of singing, unity of melody, dialogue, and taste, which I believe will lack nothing, when it will be well executed to audiences who know how to listen: this is the first act of La serva padrona, Lo conosco a quegl'occhietti, etc. I confess that French musicians are in a state of feeling beauty, and I would willingly say of Pergolesi, as Cicero said of Homer, that he has already made a lot of artistic progress, so that one enjoys reading it. – Extract of Letter on French Music, by Jean-Jacques Rousseau

After praising Italian music, he harshly condemned the French.

 * I believe to have been made to see that there is neither measure nor melody in French music, because the language is not sensitive; that French singing is only continual barking, unbearable to all unprejudiced ears; that the harmony is brutal, without expression and feeling uniquely like schoolboys' padding; that French airs are not airs; that French recitals are not recitals. Hence I conclude that the French have no music and can have none; or that if ever they have, so much the worse for them. – Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Œuvres complètes, Volume 10, p. 318

French mathematician Louis Bertrand Castel responded this way.
 * A nation like the French, whose unity has been so perfect for at least 1,200 years, even under the unity of a great empire does not willingly suffer superiority too marked, too pronounced, of any nation who has everything, neither for this range nor for this number, neither this ancient time nor this homeland.

It can be argued that the quarrel represented a defense of French cultural and behavioral norms against an invasion by foreign (Italian) norms. In the approximately forty pamphlets published during the quarrel, one repeatedly finds the Italian taste for passion and emotion being rejected. French cultural preferences disliked comic opera for the laughter that it provoked; laughter that signalled loss of self-control and rationality. Italian operatic language tended to favor music and singing, while the French preference was more for the spoken word.

Outcome of the quarrel
French public taste gradually became more accepting of Italian comedy, and the controversy burned out after two years.

As early as October 1752 Rousseau presented Le devin du village (The Village Soothsayer) at Fontainebleau, and in 1753 in Paris. It was similar to the light opera being performed by the bouffons, but no one at court was shocked, possibly because Madame de Pompadour herself played the role of Colin.

In 1754 Jean-Philippe Rameau presented a new version of his opera Castor and Pollux, that was quite successful, with 40 performances in 1754 and 1755. Graham Sadler writes that "It was ... Castor et Pollux that was regarded as Rameau's crowning achievement, at least from the time of its first revival (1754) onwards."

The effect of the quarrel was to open French opera to outside influences that triggered a renewal in the form. In particular, the Comédie-Italienne and Théâtre de la foire developed a new type of opera that combined Italian natural simplicity with the harmonic richness of French tragédie en musique.

title: Querelle des Bouffons


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kaczyzm

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was speedy delete --cesarb 22:35, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Kaczyzm
Rant Denni ☯ 23:30, 2005 May 29 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete gkhan 23:31, May 29, 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy nonsense --Xcali 23:54, 29 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete rant. NeoJustin 00:37, May 30, 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete agreed. UkPaolo 16:23, 30 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy away, patent nonsense Jdcooper 19:24, 30 May 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

See also: Articles for deletion/Kaczyzm (Second nomination)

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kaczyzm


text:
Rossaveal

Rossaveal or Rossaveel ( or Ros a' Mhíl) is a Gaeltacht village and townland in the Connemara district of County Galway in the west of Ireland. It is the main ferry port for the Aran Islands in Galway Bay. It is about 37 km from Galway city. The village is located in the barony of Moycullen.

The Irish name Ros an Mhíl means "peninsula (or wood) of the whale (or sea monster)". It may also mean "the wooded hill". The village is the home of the Ros a' Mhíl centre under Coláiste Chamuis, an Irish language immersion summer camp for teenagers. It is served by Bus Éireann route 424 from Galway. A ferry service to the Aran Islands runs from the harbour.

Irish language
As of the 2011 census, there were 208 people living in Ros an Mhíl townland, with 73% of these speaking Irish daily.

title: Rossaveal


text:
User:Oswellm

Hello.

title: User:Oswellm


text:
Stephen Kasner

Stephen Kasner (April 3, 1970 – December 25, 2019) was an American multidisciplinary artist from Cleveland, Ohio, United States. Primarily a painter and illustrator but also a musician, photographer, graphic artist, occultist and magician; Kasner was mainly known through his cover artwork designs for bands such as Rotting Christ, Decrepit, Sunn O))), Integrity, Marduk, & Pulling Teeth among many others.

His paintings have been exhibited all over the world and are noted for their sinister (sometimes satanic) themes and otherworldly aesthetic; influencing a new wave of artists in the dark arts. His artwork, drawings and photographs usually reflect visions of a pre/post-apocalyptic industrial landscape and the struggle for survival contained in dreams of enlightenment.

Besides working in paint, photography, and drawings Stephen Kasner also created experimental music under the name Blood Fountains, where he performed on guitars, bass, and keyboards.

He did album artwork for Khlyst, Sunn O))), Integrity, Lotus Eaters, Skullflower, Justin Broadrick, Subarachnoid Space and Martin Grech, among many others.

Kasner released the book Stephen Kasner Works: 1993 – 2006 (Scapegoat Publishing, 2007), a lavish career retrospective with text by various artistic luminaries and collaborations with Seldon Hunt, David D'Andrea, Dwid Hellion, Steven Leyba, and Steven Cerio.

Stephen Kasner died on December 25, 2019. His longtime friend and fellow Cleveland native, Dwid, from the band Integrity (for which Kasner had provided artwork) posted through Twitter in homage: "Stephen Kasner was my friend. He will be deeply missed. I hope that his artwork will remind us of his tortured brilliance and haunted vision. May his death serve as a stark reminder of how fragile we can be. To those of you who may be struggling out there, who might feel alone. You are not alone. Stay strong."

title: Stephen Kasner


text:
User talk:TShilo12/Archive 2

Childlike mentality VfD discussion continued...
I just archived...please continue any discussion from User_talk:TShilo12/Archive 1 here.

Yehudei Sheqolnique
It's probably still around because of a backlog in people processing the VfDs. As for your concerns about it propogating, it has already been around for a year, so it probably has propogated already. Jayjg (talk) 18:23, 30 May 2005 (UTC)

created it; I think Charles Matthews just did a very minor copyedit. Jayjg (talk) 19:14, 30 May 2005 (UTC)

Good news, it's been deleted now. The wheels of VfD grind slow but sure. Jayjg (talk) 21:50, 30 May 2005 (UTC)

Dr. Lavender
Hi. I've been gone a week - did you get in touch with Dr. Lavender? -- BD2412 talk 02:31, 2005 May 31 (UTC)

Banu Qurayza
Hi, I received this request: "Banu Qurayza I'd be interested in your thoughts, and if you have time, your help in editing.Briangotts 02:34, 31 May 2005 (UTC)" Are you able to take a look at it, it's also being "disputed". Thanks. IZAK 03:28, 31 May 2005 (UTC)

Name of Tétouan
Hi Tomer, thanks for your question. Well, I think you asked the right person as I am from Tétouan, Tetuán, Tittawin, Tittawen, Tettawen or Tettawin, etc...

Before anything, Tétouan is a French form. And Tetuán is the Spanish form. There are three aspects that we have to consider:
 * Tetuán: This is the correct Spanish name for the city. This is the first name that was used before any other romanizing of the name. I mean before the French version ever existed as the city got nothing to do with France.
 * Tétouan: This is the French version. As you know, Morocco's second language is French and therefore all names got converted to the French version.
 * Tatawn, Tittawin, Tittawen, Tettawen, Tettawin, etc... This is how historians tried to transcript how locals pronounce it in the local dialect. The classical arabic form is تطوان (pronounced Tetwan) (The first T is pronounced as in Tea, while the t is pronounced as in Tonto (in Spanish). No local use classical arabic as it is only used for writting. To be more clear, I call it T'ttawn. There are no vowels pronounced after T and W. This is the right version locals use to call it. Tatawn, Tittawin, Tittawen, Tettawen, Tettawin, and a few other forms, has been used by some historians trying to transcript the local version into other languages, especially Spanish. Therefore, all forms are acceptable.

In brief, Tatawn is still acceptable as a transcript. However, I'd rather use a double t as an emphisize.

I think the author of Tetauni might not know about what I just said above as the article deals with Jews in Oran, Algeria. Tetauni is pronounced T'ttawni in Tetuán and pronounced Tetuani in the rest of Morocco.

Finally, I am also not sure how to get a right title for the city in the English Wikipedia. Tétouan would be valid in the French Wikipedia. I just tried to add Tetuán as a redirect. Maybe I'll have to add a line mentioning the other names. I looked into google.es and found the following. You can have a look at these three web pages:, ,. Cheers -- Svest 11:49, May 31, 2005 (UTC) Wiki me up™

Karaite Judaism
I am philosophically against deleting information on a Talk: page, unless it is blatant silliness/nastiness. Jayjg (talk) 16:49, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Korean syllable
I'm not using it anymore anyway. And I wasn't going for the syllable (as I am now), I was going for something transcribable as talk. --Angr/undefined 06:59, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Need article on Hebrew root word/s
Hi Tomer: Hope all goes well. This time I am only asking you: Since you are one of our resident Hebrew language experts, would you mind writing a brief article on Hebrew root word or Shoresh (Hebrew) please, because it's sorely lacking when trying to explain to the uninitiated the importance of knowing the shorashim in comprehending the meaning of Hebrew words (not to mention how crucial it is in Dikduk (Hebrew grammar). Hope you can help out soon. Thanks again! IZAK 09:15, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Israel or Palestine for the region?
Hi, please see the heated discussion at Talk:History of ancient Israel and Judah over revisionist attempts to eradicate mention of (ancient!) "Israel" and "Judah" entirely in favor of "Palestine". Please add your views. Thank you. IZAK 11:33, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Bold moves
I've posted a note to him asking him to come talk. Jayjg (talk) 14:06, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)

The "Æ|æ" grapheme is difficult to type; as our own article notes, it is "falling into disuse." This can be demonstrated through a few simple searches on Google:

To Tomer: I don't think using the most clear and easily readable rendering is "anti-scholarly," not do I think that it violates any of Wikipedia's policies. On a side note I find your outrage rather disproportionate to the situation. Hopefully we can work this out together. Keep in touch. Warmest regards --Neutralitytalk 19:08, Jun 9, 2005 (UTC)

Do you own 68.190.162.144?
Unless you own the IP address 68.190.162.144 (and it seems to belong to Charter Communications), you shouldn't redirect the user pages for that address to your user pages. A simple pointer to your user pages is more appropriate.

Mizrahi Democratic Rainbow
Dear Tomer, I'll see if I can translate the pertinent passage/s for you soon, in the interim, you can check out the English Introduction to the Mizrahi Democratic Rainbow. Best regards, El_C 06:00, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Key passage
ישנם פעילים חברתיים שונים (למשל חלק מאנשי הקשת הדמוקרטית המזרחית) המציעים לקרוא למזרחים בשם יהודים ערבים, משמע, יהודים שמוצאם מארצות ערב. ולא "מזרחים", שהיא קטגוריה שלדעתם הומצאה על ידי הממסד האשכנזי ששלט בארץ. אך זה אינו ביטוי נפוץ בשיח העדתי הישראלי, וזוכה לביקורת רבה מרוב הציבור המזרחי

There are various social activists (for example, some members of the Mizrahi Democratic Rainbow) who suggest calling Mizrahim: Arab Jews, that is, Jews originating from Arab countries [sic.] and not "Mizrahim", which is a category that in their opinion was created by the Askenazi institution who ruled the country. But this phrase is not prevalent in Israeli ethnic discourse, and recieves much criticism from the majority of the Mirzahi public. he El_C 11:36, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

etymology of Wisconsin rewrite
Thanks! --Whimemsz 22:58, Jun 12, 2005 (UTC)

Red Cedar River
Thanks for that... I'm moving the disambiguation page (it's currently called Red Cedar River, Michigan, which seems odd when it points to both Michigan and Wisconsin!) Grutness...  wha?  06:38, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Um...actually Red Cedar River, Michigan was a mistake. I moved it thereafter to Red Cedar River (Michigan), after I realized that the apparent norm for rivers and other geographical features requiring disambiguation is by the use of parentheses, rather than by commas, which are used apparently for municipalities.  I'm not an admin, so I can't remove the redirect at Red Cedar River, Michigan, which, as I said, according to naming norms, looks like a municipality, which it is not meant to.  bleh.  :-p

Well, according to US naming norms, anyway (if it had been where I am - New Zealand - there would have been no problem, since all places here use commas :). I am an admin though, so I could do the changes, and it should be all fixed now. The disambig is now at Red Cedar River, and Red Cedar River, Michigan redirects to Red Cedar River (Michigan). Grutness...  wha?  07:43, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Massacree VfD
Thought you might want to vote at Votes for deletion/List of massacres committed during the Al-Aqsa Intifada. Cheers! -- BD2412 talk 14:06, 2005 Jun 15 (UTC)

VfD of User:Cantors
Shalom Tomer: Under extradordinarily confusing circumstances, I have nominated the User:Cantors page for deletion of contents and also renaming. See Votes for deletion/Cantors. Thank you. IZAK 03:33, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Categ for deletion
Hi Tomer: Please see: Categories for deletion/Log/2005 June 17. Thank you and Shabbat Shalom. IZAK 07:03, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Ishmael
From what I've read, I know that Christianity refers to the Ishmaelites. The Ishmaelites are said to have married with the local North Arabian tribes and thus became the "Arabized" Arabs. Certainly, Islam clarified Ishmael's connections to the Arabs and said that Muhammad was his descendant, but that's not the point. I think it is a pretty popular view that Ishmael is the ancestor of the Arabs (although Arab is mostly a linguistic term nowadays). Either way, I don't view religious genealogies as being that relevant to modern times, thanks for your input though.Yuber(talk) 02:32, 18 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * One more thing, I found your comment about the Ishmael POV somewhat strange. You say that it is a specific POV, but I can assure you that it is not.  The Ishmael page has been edited by many Jewish editors and none have found a problem with it.Yuber(talk) 03:15, 18 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Vaitahu
hey... I thought I had appropriately fixed all redirects to point to the correct article rather than the disambig page. I certainly changed most of them, but apologies if there were some I overlooked! Cheers, UkPaolo 22:07, 20 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * no worries! UkPaolo 08:48, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Downtown
I heard the same thing. I think even to this day it's not used widely outside North America. When I was in Dublin I was once corrected when I said "downtown" -- "It's called 'city centre' here," they said. I think that term is used in Britain as well (except maybe in London where it's just called The City). Also in Berlin the English word "city" is used to mean downtown: "Ich fahre in die City" means "I'm going downtown" (as distinct from "Ich fahre in die Stadt", which just means "I'm going to the city" from someplace outside of it). One of the oldest quotes in the OED, from 1835, clearly refers to New York: "To-day when I go down town I shall subscribe for the 'New York Observer' for you." --Angr/undefined 05:50, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * we wouldn't typically use downtown in the UK... it would be classed as very American! You're correct in saying that we'd just go "into town" or "into the city" (centre being somewhat optional). And yes, the centre of London is "The City". UkPaolo 08:51, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)

"Bet"(ter dead or alive?)
Shalom Tomer, please see revert history at Bet (letter). Is not the Hebrew language a vibrant living language whereas Phoenicia is a dead civilization and its language is an Extinct language? (As proof, see List of extinct languages where the Phoenician languages are in the "extinct" column.) Thanks. IZAK 09:14, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Phobia
Relax. My skin is pretty thick. I've been around here for quite some time. My remark about POV was not because I felt offended, but because I've seen lots of misuse and misunderstanding of the term in terms of wikipedia policies. Talk pages and various votes are the designated pages for POV pushing. There is nothing wrong with pushing POV as long as it does not lead to edit wars and disrespect to other's POV.

The rest moved to Talk:Phobia. mikka (t) 15:37, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

My error
Yes, thanks for fixing that. Although there's a lot to learn about collaboration from Improv as well, so I should probably check out the page. Peace, BrandonYusufToropov 16:10, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Radhanite
I've placed the Radhanite article up for peer review. Your comments and criticism would be greatly appreciated. Thanks! --Briangotts 19:40, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Yuber
Yes, it should, and I considered doing it, but I think maybe only arbcom members are allowed to edit that. Anyway, Yuber was told about it, continued editing anyway, and was therefore blocked for 24 hours. SlimVirgin (talk) 05:39, Jun 23, 2005 (UTC)

 * Sure, good idea. SlimVirgin (talk) 05:44, Jun 23, 2005 (UTC)

The relatively large Jewish community of Timbuktu was forced, in 1492, to convert to Islam, or to flee, under pain of death, from the city.
Hey Tomer, where did you get this information from? Jayjg (talk) 4 July 2005 17:38 (UTC)

Trying something at Apartheid
Please don't try that; only admins should use the template. The feeling on Talk: is that enough editors can hold the anon at bay without protecting the page. Jayjg (talk) 4 July 2005 17:58 (UTC)

Straw Poll
No, I am not inclined to vote for either version. I am completely persuaded by the argument that the discussion should start from 1948. The early colonists are not relevant - they didn't create the Apartheid laws. The whole "scientific racism" fallacy is a creation of the late 19th and 20th century --Red King 6 July 2005 16:33 (UTC)

RE: Tuamotu Stubs
Hey thanks! I really wasn't sure how to stub them, since they're quite a bit outside my normal area of expertise (I was looking at Sir Hugh Palliser, and sort of fell into it). I will correctly stub them in future, and thanks again for catching my mistake. All the best, --Scimitar 5 July 2005 13:38 (UTC)

Disclaimer
Just so you know that this anon is viewed my me and other Poles as a troll and vandal as well. Please don't think we support his attacks and accusations in anyway whatsoever. --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus Talk 5 July 2005 16:26 (UTC)

Add your formal vote at the vfd and WORD it
Hi Tomer, at Votes for deletion/Anti-Polonism you did not cast a "formal" vote after you presented the reasons for the article's deletion etc. It's always important to place your formal vote and word it accurately (i.e. "Delete", "Rename", ""Redirect", "Merge", or whatever it is you are suggesting be done with the article) and then sign it even though you already signed the opening statement. This way, those who agree with you on this vote, as I do in this case, also know how to word the vote they are supposed to be voting against, and nothing will get lost in the shuffle. IZAK 6 July 2005 09:38 (UTC)

 * You may be interested in knowing that Witkacy has been working hard to find all extant cases of international anti-Polonism, (see User:Witkacy/sandbox). So far, the best examples he's collected are comments from Ted Turner, Howard Stern, and Leslie Stahl. He's also gotten comments from two (!) politicians: (1.) Michael Howard (politician), a conservative British MP, who once mentioned that his aunt survived a "Polish concentration camp." (2.) The far-left, anti-Zionist, Israel Shahak (who was notorious for fabricating information and who the ADL condemned for anti-Semetic polemics) claimed that Yitzhak Shamir said "Poles suck anti-Semitism from their mothers," or something like that. This quote is found nowhere else online. I find it strange to write specific articles for any of various manifestations of regional prejudice and hatred, when such manifestations are a dime-a-dozen. As for the evidence of international anti-Polonism, I notice a pathetic dearth of it, and anti-Polish jokes are no more common internationally than anti-Italian, anti-Latino, anti-Chinese, anti-French, etc. If I mention this in the VfD, however, I will probably have a number of editors smugly implicating me with "anti-Polonism" (as has already happened on the VfD). HKT 8 July 2005 19:06 (UTC)

Awarded for Spirited Defense of the Mysterious Cabal which Rules Wikipedia, the Media, International Finance, and the Garment District
28th of Sivan, 5765. You should live and be well, mit gezunt und parnasseh und mishpocha und chaim tovim, cainaynhora peh peh. (You should mine spelling excuse, please). Gzuckier 6 July 2005 03:33 (UTC)

Wow
Nice catch on the typo! Thanks! (I don't mind at all- the less people who know how illiterate I am, the better!)--Scimitar 6 July 2005 14:20 (UTC)

Mikkalai
I have started a RFC on Mikkalai's behavior. Floopy 7 July 2005 01:03 (UTC)

You will never guess this...
Hi Tomer: I thought of you when I clicked on this one: Polish Army...see what the "Polish Army" turns into, to the chagrin (maybe) of English-speaking Wikipedian linguistic puritanicalism. Another day another lark on Wikipedia. Just proves my point, that Wikipedia is truly an "open" encyclopedia. IZAK 7 July 2005 12:34 (UTC)

Crimean Karaites
What's the policy on this tag thing? Can I just remove it? If I do will I be subject to some kind of sanctions? Is there a procedure to follow? --Briangotts 8 July 2005 17:51 (UTC)

Thanks for your response. Shabbat Shalom. --Briangotts 8 July 2005 18:00 (UTC)

Have you seen the latest on the Talk page? They now want to expand their war to all Karaite-related articles. The "modest proposal" is so laughably extreme that I am impressed by its audacity. This is getting ludicrously out of hand. --Briangotts 21:36, 12 July 2005 (UTC)

Witkacy WP:POINT
It looks like User:Witkacy is setting himself up for an RfC at a minimum. Jayjg (talk) 8 July 2005 22:35 (UTC)

RfC on Striver
Did I do this right? Does someone second it? []BrandonYusufToropov 9 July 2005 09:54 (UTC)

Babel-12?!
Hey there - 12 languages, holy cow! It's not a competition! :) --Moritz 16:43, 10 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, I'm impressed. Jayjg (talk) 05:05, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 14??? Now you're just showing off. :-P Jayjg (talk) 05:23, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for cluing me in on Polish topics
It was easy to vote on the Wojsko Polskie issue, the other two are going to take more thought. Grika 19:05, 10 July 2005 (UTC)

Have you seen what's happening at Mahmoud Ahmadinejad?
Turns out the  Jews  are behind everything. Jayjg (talk) 05:08, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

I have no idea who Pilz is; never heard of him before this article. But I agree with you about the pathetic nature of it all, particularly when you read the edit summaries and Talk: comments as well. Jayjg (talk) 05:38, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

ב
That's great, but looking at Category:Hebrew alphabet I see ב is the only one. For consistency, surely all the other articles should be moved from their transliterated names to their Hebrew characters too, right? And once that's done, I think a Hebrew alphabet template might be nice... --Angr/undefined 05:53, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I think you should approach him about it. I've had nothing to do with the issue other than making the one suggestion. --Angr/undefined 05:59, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

Camelids template
It's definitely more attractive. Careful it doesn't spit on you. Jayjg (talk) 06:00, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, I hope it put you in a good humour; you'll need it once you see what TheUnforgiven just did to Palestinian. Jayjg (talk) 06:09, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:TShilo12/Archive 2


text:
667.. The Neighbour of the Beast

667.. The Neighbour of the Beast is the debut album by the Norwegian glam metal band Wig Wam. Released in Norway on 8 March 2004, the album was included two singles, the Melanie C cover "I Turn to You" and "Hard to Be a Rock'n Roller", and their Melodi Grand Prix 2004 song "Crazy Things". The album was produced by the band's guitarist Trond Holter and Ole Evenrud.

In January 2005, the album was reissued for a release in Scandinavia and renamed to Hard to Be a Rock'n Roller. The album included a radio-edit of the song "Hard to Be a Rock'n Roller", an instrumental track titled "The Drop", and a re-arranged tracklist. This album was reissued a second time for release in Scandinavia in March 2005, and renamed to Hard to Be a Rock n' Roller.., with the song "In My dreams" and the video for "Hard to Be a Rock n' Roller" being added to the tracklist. The album was further reissued for releases in Europe and Asia titled ''Hard to Be a Rock'n Roller.. in Kiev! and Hard to Be a Rock'n Roller.. in Tokyo!'' respectively.

The album title is a reference to the Iron Maiden album The Number of the Beast. The number 667 was later referenced on the cover art of Wig Wam's third album Non Stop Rock'n Roll as the license plate number of the "guitar car."

Personnel

 * Wig Wam

 * Glam (Åge Sten Nilsen) – vocals, artwork
 * Teeny (Trond Holter) – guitars, backing vocals, production, mixing
 * Flash (Bernt Jansen) – bass, backing vocals
 * Sporty (Øystein Andersen) – drums

 * Additional personnel

 * Per Østmark – mastering
 * Eric Hawk – backing vocals (3)
 * Trude Holter – backing vocals (3)
 * Stian Joneid – backing vocals (3)
 * Sebastian Ludvigsen – photography
 * Thomas Siqueland – mixing (9, 13)
 * Ole "Dr. Evil Rude" Evenrude – production (9, 13)

title: 667.. The Neighbour of the Beast


text:
Single Channel Simulcast

Single/Multi Channel Simulcast is the simultaneous transmission of an amplitude modulated and Digital Radio Mondiale (DRM) in the same (SingleChannel Simulcast - SCS) or a neighbouring channel (MultiChannel Simulcast - MCS).

To produce this SCS multiplex signal, the initial carrier is modulated by the DRM signal using quadrature phase modulation. This FM signal is then modulated as if it were a normal AM carrier, thus producing two modes on the single signal.

Clearly the advantage of this is that both DRM and analogue radios can receive a signal they can discriminate and demodulate, with little disadvantage to either mode.

It can, however, decrease DRM range, and the phase changes in the carrier can induce local oscillator interference in the AM receiver, which will show as white noise.

title: Single Channel Simulcast


text:
Songs for Goldfish

Songs for Goldfish is a Ben Folds album of live and unreleased tracks packaged with Songs for Silverman and released through Ben Folds' website. Tracks 1 through 8 are live performances, 9 and 10 are unreleased studio tracks.

Recording details

 * Tracks 1-5 – Live at Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pennsylvania on January 28, 2005.
 * Track 6 – Live at Roseland Ballroom in New York City on June 13, 2002.
 * Tracks 7, 8 – Live at the El Rey Theater, Los Angeles, California on October 22, 2004.
 * Track 9 – Released studio track, recorded at Eastside Music Technology, Adelaide, Australia.
 * Track 10 – Released studio track, originally performed by Lucinda Williams.

Track 1 opens down with the second (scherzo) movement of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony as done by Wendy Carlos for the Clockwork Orange Soundtrack.

Track listing

 * 1) "In Between Days" (Live)
 * 2) "Gone" (Live)
 * 3) "Hiro's Song" (Live)
 * 4) "You to Thank" (Live)
 * 5) "Weather Channel Music" (Live)
 * 6) "Evaporated" (Live)
 * 7) "There's Always Someone Cooler Than You" (Live)
 * 8) "Rockin' the Suburbs" (Live)
 * 9) "Radio Jingles for Tokyo's Inter-FM"
 * 10) "Side of the Road"

title: Songs for Goldfish