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Cosgrove, Northamptonshire

Cosgrove is a village in Northamptonshire, England, about 2 mi north of Stony Stratford, 6 mi north of Central Milton Keynes and 12 mi south of Northampton along the A508 road and 8 mi south-east of Towcester along the A5 road (the Roman road Watling Street). The River Tove passes to the east of the village flowing into the River Great Ouse just south, the latter marking the boundary with the City of Milton Keynes in Buckinghamshire. The Grand Union Canal passes through the middle of the village.

The villages name means 'Cof's grove' or perhaps, less likely, 'Cof's pit/trench'.

Grand Union Canal
Immediately south-east of the village the canal crosses the valley of the river Great Ouse on an embankment and aqueduct known as the Cosgrove Iron Trunk Aqueduct. The river was initially crossed on the level, with four temporary locks lowering the canal from the south-east, and five raising it from the river towards the north-west (the top lock of these is still in place). The temporary locks were used as a means of getting the canal open to through traffic by 1800 (this river crossing and the tunnel at Blisworth being the only two gaps by that year). However, it was always intended that the river should be crossed by aqueduct, as the locks were wasteful of water, time-consuming and the river in flood in winter could prevent through passage. A brick aqueduct was built, but collapsed in 1808, after which the locks were re-opened. It was replaced by the present Cosgrove aqueduct, built of cast iron, and opened on 22 January 1811. The old lock gates can still be seen beside the footpath below the canal embankment.

The 10.5 mi Buckingham branch of the canal (also known as Buckingham Arm), an extension of the original proposal for a link to the main road at Old Stratford, was opened in 1801, diverging from the main line just to the south-east of the village, above the lock. It closed in the 1960s but there is a desire to re-open the now dry and defunct canal arm. The Buckingham Canal Society was formed to reopen the original canal line wherever possible.

This Buckingham branch froze more quickly and solidly than either the River Ouse or the main canal. This was noticed not only by skaters from miles around, but also by the owner of Cosgrove Hall, who in about 1820 built an ice-house half-way between the canal and the Hall. The ice house was constructed rather like a stone windmill, with very thick walls but, unlike the windmill, the ice house has its greater part below the level of the surrounding field. Into the ice house, every winter from 1820 until the 1900s, ice cut from the canal would be stored and packed around with straw. By this method it kept until the following spring and summer, when it would be sold to local fishmongers, butchers and others in the days before refrigeration. In recent years it has become derelict, but it was the last remaining in Buckinghamshire and one of the very few left in England.

For the past 200 years life in the village has been affected by the building of the canal and then later by the railway, now the West Coast Main Line. For a while the village was a very busy trading centre, with iron tracks at the canal wharf still evident, but in more recent years, with the advent of motorways and other means of transportation, life and business in the village has slowed down again. The traders have gone, and the village has returned to its natural, rural charm like much of Northamptonshire life.

There was once a cornmill on the River Tove, dating from 1086, which Robert Maudit granted to Roger the miller of Cosgrove and his son Robert for life in 1211. The Mill prospered until the early 20th century when it fell into disrepair and was demolished in 1979.

The gothic style Ornamental Bridge - called Solomon's Bridge - over the canal was built in 1790s at the insistence of a local landowner, the Biggins family, when the two halves of the canal joined here, one from Braunston, the other from Brentford. It is one of only two ornamental bridges over the canal.

Other buildings and features
The Parish Church is dedicated to St Peter and St Paul and parts date from the 13th century but is described by Pevsner as: badly over-restored...the result of E F Law trying to regothicize what had been made plain Georgian in 1770-4. There is a memorial to Pulter Forester (d.1778). The tower is over 70 feet tall and contains six bells with one ‘Santa Maria’ dating to the 15th century.

Cosgrove Hall and its estate was built in the early 18th century on the site of an earlier house by the Furtho family. It is not open to the public. It may have been built by John Lumley of Northampton. The building was badly damaged by fire in October 2016.

The Priory was built in the 17th century by the Rigby family and is now privately owned. Originally known as the Manor House, the name was changed to The Priory in around 1810. Pevsner states that it has a Rood Screen from the time of Henry VIII.

St. Vincent's Well enclosed by iron railings behind the old National School in the High Street is said to have a high iron content, which some believe give the water remedial qualities.

South-east of Cosgrove Hall and the church on the south bank of the canal is the site of a Roman Villa, bath house and temple discovered in 1957 and excavated in the 1950s and 60s. Many finds including an urn of silver coins were found during construction of the canal. This is about 1 mile from the Roman Road known as Watling Street.

South west of the village are The Quarries, the remains of a medieval limestone quarry, now calcareous grassland, with a rich plant community of limestone-loving plants such as the spotted cat's ear and fragrant orchid. The site is also home to rare insects such as the ground beetle and birds such as the skylark and barn owl.

Cosgrove Leisure Park attracts many visitors, caravanners and holiday-makers. The park is built on an area of flooded gravel pits near the River Great Ouse south of the village. It has a swimming and paddling pool, fishing lakes and a water sports including water-skiing and jet-skiing. There are pitches for 500 touring caravans and 460 owner-occupied static holiday homes.

title: Cosgrove, Northamptonshire


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Lazy caterer's sequence

The lazy caterer's sequence, more formally known as the central polygonal numbers, describes the maximum number of pieces of a disk (a pancake or pizza is usually used to describe the situation) that can be made with a given number of straight cuts. For example, three cuts across a pancake will produce six pieces if the cuts all meet at a common point inside the circle, but up to seven if they do not. This problem can be formalized mathematically as one of counting the cells in an arrangement of lines; for generalizations to higher dimensions, see arrangement of hyperplanes.

The analogue of this sequence in three dimensions is the cake numbers.

Formula and sequence
The maximum number p of pieces that can be created with a given number of cuts $n$ (where $n ≥ 0$) is given by the formula

 * $$p = \frac{n^2+n+2}{2}.$$

Using binomial coefficients, the formula can be expressed as

 * $$p = 1 + \dbinom{n + 1}{2} = \dbinom{n}{0}+\dbinom{n}{1}+\dbinom{n}{2}. $$

Simply put, each number equals a triangular number plus 1. These are the first number on each row of Floyd's triangle.

As the third column of Bernoulli's triangle (k = 2) is a triangular number plus one, it forms the lazy caterer's sequence for n cuts, where n ≥ 2.

The sequence can be alternatively derived from the sum of up to the first 3 terms of each row of Pascal's triangle:

 * {| class="wikitable defaultright col1center"

! !! 0 !! 1 !! 2 ! rowspan="11" style="padding:0;"| !! Sum ! 0 ! 1 ! 2 ! 3 ! 4 ! 5 ! 6 ! 7 ! 8 ! 9
 * 1 || - || - ||  1
 * 1 || 1 || - ||  2
 * 1 || 2 || 1 ||  4
 * 1 || 3 || 3 ||  7
 * 1 || 4 || 6 || 11
 * 1 || 5 || 10 || 16
 * 1 || 6 || 15 || 22
 * 1 || 7 || 21 || 29
 * 1 || 8 || 28 || 37
 * 1 || 9 || 36 || 46
 * }

This sequence, starting with $n = 0$, thus results in

 * 1, 2, 4, 7, 11, 16, 22, 29, 37, 46, 56, 67, 79, 92, 106, 121, 137, 154, 172, 191, 211, ...

Its three-dimensional analogue is known as the cake numbers. The difference between successive cake numbers gives the lazy caterer's sequence.

Proof
When a circle is cut $n$ times to produce the maximum number of pieces, represented as $p = f (n)$, the $n$th cut must be considered; the number of pieces before the last cut is $f (n − 1)$, while the number of pieces added by the last cut is $n$.

To obtain the maximum number of pieces, the $n$th cut line should cross all the other previous cut lines inside the circle, but not cross any intersection of previous cut lines. Thus, the $n$th line itself is cut in $n − 1$ places, and into $n$ line segments. Each segment divides one piece of the $(n − 1)$-cut pancake into 2 parts, adding exactly $n$ to the number of pieces. The new line cannot have any more segments since it can only cross each previous line once. A cut line can always cross over all previous cut lines, as rotating the knife at a small angle around a point that is not an existing intersection will, if the angle is small enough, intersect all the previous lines including the last one added.

Thus, the total number of pieces after $n$ cuts is

 * $$f(n) = n+f(n-1).$$

This recurrence relation can be solved. If $f (n − 1)$ is expanded one term, the relation becomes

 * $$f(n) = n+(n-1)+f(n-2).$$

Expansion of the term $f (n − 2)$ can continue until the last term is reduced to $f (0)$, thus,

 * $$f(n) = n+(n-1)+(n-2)+\cdots+1+f(0).$$

Since $f (0) = 1$, because there is one piece before any cuts are made, this can be rewritten as

 * $$f(n) = 1+(1+2+3+\cdots + n).$$

This can be simplified, using the formula for the sum of an arithmetic progression:

 * $$f(n)=1+\frac{n(n+1)}{2}=\frac{n^2+n+2}{2}.$$

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Lazy caterer's sequence


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Thomas Hastings (Royal Navy officer)

Admiral Sir Thomas Hastings, KCB DL (3 July 1790 – 3 January 1870) was an innovator, instructor, and distinguished officer of the Royal Navy. He was renowned as an expert gunner, and some believe him to be the first officer to take a truly scientific approach to gunnery.

Biography
Hastings was born on 3 July 1790, the third son (and fifth child) of Rev. James Hastings (later Rector of Martley, Worcestershire) and Elizabeth (née Paget). He was brother to Sir Charles Hastings (founder of the British Medical Association). Another brother, Francis Decimus Hastings (1796–1869), also served in the Royal Navy from the age of twelve, reaching the rank of Rear-Admiral in 1859 having been obliged to relinquish active service because of his wounds, hardships and length of service.

On 29 April 1812, Hastings participated in an attack led by Captain Thomas Ussher on French privateers of Málaga, in which he performed admirably, commanding twenty men in the attack.

In 1814, as a first lieutenant of the HMS Undaunted (1807), he escorted Napoleon into his exile on Elba, and was one of three officers responsible for the arrangements for the arrival of Napoleon. From 14 November 1828 until 22 July 1830, he commanded HMS Ferret (1821) in the Mediterranean with the rank of commander. He was then promoted captain.

On 13 April 1832, Captain Hastings took command of the sixth-rate training ship HMS Excellent. As far back as 1817 General Sir Howard Douglas had submitted plans to remedy the obvious deficiencies of British naval gunnery. Nothing was done until 1830 when Commander George Smith was appointed to "superintend the practice of Sea Gunnery" on board that ship at Portsmouth. The gunnery school was put on a permanent basis by Captain Thomas Hastings (known at the time as "Old Sting").

He became noted for his training methods, although some in the admiralty disapproved of his emphasis on science, and found his reports on gunnery confusing, as they had little knowledge of science themselves. From a life of Sir John Barrow, the Secretary to the Admiralty through most of the first half of the 19th century, an interesting account appears; two years after Hastings' appointment to Excellent, Sir John Briggs, Reader to the Board, happened to show the examination paper to an Admiral on the Board.

 * "Do you know, it is very strange, but I do not understand all this. Pray, Sir, what is the meaning of 'impact'?" "I rather think that it means the force of the blow", replied Briggs. The Admiral turned to another Naval Lord, Sir John Beresford, and asked him: "What in the name of good fortune is meant by 'initial velocity'?" "I'll be hanged if I know", answered Sir John, "but I suppose it is some of Tom Hastings' scientific bosh; I'll tell you what I think we had better do - we'll go at once to Lord de Grey (First Lord) and get that Excellent paid off."
 * However, the First Lord replied: "I am afraid, my dear Beresford, I cannot sanction it, for you have no idea how damned scientific that House of Commons has become."

He was knighted in 1839. The first diving training in the Royal Navy occurred in 1844 under Hastings' watch.

He left command of Excellent on 28 August 1845, after his appointment as Storekeeper of the Ordnance on 25 July 1845. He held that post until it was abolished with the dissolution of the Board of Ordnance in 1855. On 27 September 1855 he was promoted rear admiral, and on 4 October 1862 vice admiral. On 2 April 1866, he retired from the navy with the rank of admiral. He died on 3 January 1870 at his home in London.

title: Thomas Hastings (Royal Navy officer)


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Depression cake

Depression cake is a type of cake that was commonly made during the Great Depression. The ingredients include little or no milk, sugar, butter, or eggs, because the ingredients were then either expensive or hard to obtain. Similar cakes are known as "War Cake", as they avoided ingredients that were scarce or were being conserved for the use of soldiers. A common depression cake is also known as "Boiled Raisin Cake", "Milkless, Eggless, Butterless Cake", or "Poor Man's Cake". "Boiled" refers to the boiling of raisins with the sugar and spices to make a syrup base early in the recipe. However, some bakers do include butter. Boiled raisin-type cakes date back at least to the American Civil War.

History
Depression cake has been referred to as "War Cake" by texts dating back to World War I. In a pamphlet distributed by the United States Food Administration in 1918 entitled "War Economy in Food", War Cake is listed under "Recipes for Conservation Sweets". The United States Food Administration stressed the importance of reducing sugar consumption during the war and offered molasses, corn syrup, and raisins in its place.

When the Great Depression hit America following the Stock Market Crash of 1929, families were forced to stretch their budgets and "make do" with minimal and cheap ingredients when it came to cooking. Some women had to feed their families on $5 per week. Dessert became a luxury for most, and depression cake was a more affordable alternative to other cakes that used milk, eggs, and butter. Affordability was achieved through ingredient substitution. For example, shortening was substituted for butter, water was substituted for milk, and baking powder was substituted for eggs. Depression cake is just one of many examples of ingredient substitution during the Great Depression, as some women took full advantage of the practice by making mock foods such as mock apple pie and mock fish.

Radio shows and women's periodicals played a large role in circulating the recipe for depression cake during the Great Depression. Betty Crocker's Cooking Hour was one such show that provided women with budget-friendly recipes. General Mills, owner of Betty Crocker, employed nutritionists and cooks to experiment with different ways of "ruining" a cake, such as ingredient omission. Loring Schuler's Ladies' Home Journal was a publication that also offered baking tips during the Great Depression, recommending replacing eggs with baking powder and using inexpensive grains and produce. A recipe titled "War Cake" was published in M.F.K. Fisher's book How to Cook a Wolf and republished in her The Art of Eating; it uses bacon grease on the premise that spices will mask its taste.

Praised for its practicality and declared to be "the most worthwhile cake ever made," depression cake was still baked in America as of the late 20th century. The recipe for it has been featured in an array of publications such as The Telegraph-Herald, The Pittsburgh Press, and The Modesto Bee.

title: Depression cake


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Tidal diamond

Tidal diamonds are symbols on British admiralty charts and others that indicate the direction and speed of tidal streams.

The symbols consist of a letter of the ISO basic Latin alphabet in a rhombus, printed in purple ink. On any particular chart each tidal diamond will have a unique letter starting from "A" and continuing alphabetically.

Either somewhere on the chart (generally on land) or else on a separate sheet, will be a Tidal Diamond table. This contains a grid of thirteen rows and three columns for each Diamond. The rows are the hours of the tidal cycle showing the 6 hours before high water, high water itself and the 6 hours after high water. It is important to realise that the tidal hour lasts from half an hour before the nominal time to half an hour after. For instance the row for 3 hours after high water is valid from HW+2½ to HW+3½, not from HW+3 to HW+4. The columns show the bearing of the tidal stream and its speed, in knots, at both spring tide and neap tide. The times on the table are related to the high water of the standard port displayed on the table. To calculate the rate at an intermediate tide between neap and spring, interpolation is required. Traditionally this has been done using a "calculation of rates" chart.

An alternative to a tidal diamond is a tidal atlas which are often more accurate and easier to use (if available).

title: Tidal diamond


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Disney Theatrical Productions

Disney Theatrical Productions Limited (DTP), also known as Disney on Broadway, is the stageplay and musical production company of the Disney Theatrical Group, a subsidiary of Disney Entertainment, a major division and business unit of The Walt Disney Company.

Founded in 1993 by longtime Disney Entertainment veteran Ron Logan as Walt Disney Theatrical, the division has gained a reputation within the industry for creating several professional and popular (both critically and financially) performances, starting with Beauty and the Beast on April 18, 1994. Its 1994 investment in taking over the New Amsterdam Theatre spurred a revitalization of Broadway theatre. The company is a division of Disney Theatrical Group, led by Thomas Schumacher.

History
Walt Disney Theatrical Production, Ltd. (DTP) was formed on 1993-2-8 with Ron Logan, Disney Park's live production head, as president to produce Beauty and the Beast. Beauty and the Beast opened on Broadway at the Palace Theatre on 1994-4-18. Disney Theatrical signed a 49-year revenue based lease for New Amsterdam Theatre in 1995-5. The building was renovated by Disney Development Company. With The Lion King under consideration for the next Broadway adaption, Eisner ceded DTP to theatre-rooted Disney Animation president Peter Schneider and Thomas Schumacher, at their request, making them president and executive vice president of DTP respectively. In 1997, DTP re-opened the New Amsterdam Theatre with King David followed by The Lion King musical.

Peter Schneider was promoted to Disney Studios president in January 1999, while Thomas Schumacher was promoted to president of Walt Disney Feature Animation and Walt Disney Theatrical Productions, while both are made co-presidents of Disney Theatrical. On 1999-11-23, the corporate name was changed to Buena Vista Theatrical Group Limited, with Disney Theatrical Productions becoming a division of the group with the formation of Hyperion Theatricals in 2000-1.

Schneider left Disney Theatrical in June 2001 to form his own theater production company partly funded by Disney. His first project was developing and directing the stage version of Sister Act with Michael Reno. The musical had its official world premiere on November 3, 2006, at the Pasadena Playhouse, with DTP as an associated presenter during its Broadway run.

In 2013, Disney Theatrical revealed that a show based on The Muppets was in exploratory development and that a 15-minute show had been conducted by Thomas Schumacher to evaluate the technical components. Disney Studios chairman Alan Horn in November 2013 created a deal for Disney Theatrical Productions to develop a The Princess Bride stage adaptation, possibly either a musical or play.

Freaky Friday musical was developed by Disney Theatrical Productions from the book and Disney films for theatres to license. The musical premiered in October 2016 at Signature Theatre in Arlington, Virginia followed by three other theatre productions. Coinciding with the August 10, 2018 release of the Disney Theatrical Productions Disney Channel Original Movie adaptation, a one-act version of the stage musical (based on the adaptation) was made available for licensing.

Disney Theatrical Productions' Newsies debuted in Australian and New Zealand cinemas on February 19, 2017.

On September 28, 2023, Schumacher announced to the staff of Disney Theatrical Productions that he was taking a new role within the subsidiary as Chief Creative Officer. The day-to-day management over producing and development has shifted to former Senior Vice President, Anne Quart, who now holds the title of Executive Vice President and Executive Producer. The business operations of the subsidiary now rests with Andrew Flatt, who was also formerly a Senior Vice President. Flatt's new title is Executive Vice President and managing director.

Beauty and the Beast
The show began previews in New York City on March 9, 1994, and officially opened at the Palace Theatre on April 18, 1994. The musical was the first Broadway adaptation by Disney, based on the 1991 animated film by Linda Woolverton and with music and lyrics by Alan Menken, Howard Ashman and Tim Rice. Several new songs were written for the Broadway musical, including Home, a ballad sung by Belle which quickly became the signature song of the musical. It ran until July 29, 2007, at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre, to make room for another Disney production, The Little Mermaid. At 5,461 performances, the show is currently the tenth-longest run in Broadway history.

It has been performed internationally first at the Princess Theatre in Melbourne, Australia and has also been performed in London, Vienna, Toronto, Kyoto, Seoul, Stuttgart, Sydney, Mexico City, Guayaquil, Johannesburg, Madrid, Moscow, Milan, Sao Paulo and has also toured around the US and United Kingdom. In the Netherlands this production was co-produced by Joop van den Ende's Stage Entertainment with new sets and costumes. On April 24, 2019, Disney Theatrical Groups revealed that Beauty and the Beast would return to Broadway. Thomas Schumacher announced that the Broadway revival would be updated. Theatre and dates have not been announced. The musical will be revived in London's West End at the London Palladium for a limited engagement lasting from June through September 2022.

The Lion King

The show, based on the 1994 animated film, debuted July 8, 1997, in Minneapolis, Minnesota at the Orpheum Theatre, before premiering on Broadway at the New Amsterdam Theater on October 15, 1997, in previews with the official opening on November 13, 1997. On June 13, 2006, the Broadway production moved to the Minskoff Theatre to make way for the musical version of Mary Poppins, which later was replaced by Aladdin. It is now Broadway's third longest-running show. The show uses a range of theatrical techniques, and is not a conventional musical. It has consistently been one of the highest grossing musicals on Broadway every week. Besides running in various venues around the world, it also runs eight times week on Broadway. The production won the Tony Award for Best Musical at the 1998 Tony Awards.

Its popularity has spawned several additional opening performances around the world, including in London, Toronto, Hamburg, Scheveningen, Sydney, Perth, Melbourne, Brisbane, Shanghai, Montreal, Tokyo, Paris, Nagoya, Russia, Seoul, Johannesburg, Las Vegas, Taipei, Tempe, Phoenix, Scottsdale, Mesa, Flagstaff, Madrid, Norway, Italy, Arabia, Gilbert, Scottsdale, Mexico City, Ontario, Nepal, Finland, Switzerland, Chicago, Arizona, Anaheim, Poland, Hong Kong, Tulsa, Greece, Kenya, Milan, Moscow, Egypt, Antarctica, Australia, São Paulo, Ohio, Romania, Jacksonville, Sweden, Ireland, Goodyear, Jamaica and India. This is the upcoming original London cast recording 1999 in Disney's The Lion King on West End musical CD soundtrack albums has also toured around law printed in the United States of America.

The Hunchback of Notre Dame
The musical opened on June 5, 1999, for the opening of the Musical theater Berlin (now Theater am Potsdamer Platz). After a successful run, it closed in June 2002. Directed by James Lapine, the German translation was by Michael Kunze, choreography by Lar Lubovitch, set design by Heidi Ettinger, costume design by Sue Blane, lighting by Rick Fisher, sound by Tony Meola and projections by Jerome Sirlin.

This was Disney's first musical to premiere outside the US, and it became one of Berlin's longest-running musicals to date. As with Beauty and the Beast and The Lion King, Der Glöckner Von Notre Dame opened three years after the release of the movie it is based on.

The musical is a darker, more gothic adaptation of the film and is more heavily based on Victor Hugo's 1831 novel. According to translator Michael Kunze, he was "campaigning to allow Esmeralda to die at the end, as she does in the book. There was a feeling that the audience would be depressed if Esmeralda dies. I feel that a European audience would see this as a very romantic ending ... two lost souls finally find each other. People will cry, but they'll be moved. And it is a very romantic ending." The producers wanted to see how "preview audiences react before making the final decision."

In 2008, Stephen Schwartz said, "I think we're starting up The Hunchback of Notre Dame, hopefully, next year (2009). Rumor has reached my ear that it's happening." Thomas Schumacher, head of Disney Theatrical, discussed current and future stage productions in an article published by the Columbus Dispatch on September 21, 2008, including an English-language production of Hunchback. The musical had its US premiere at La Jolla Playhouse from October 28 through December 7, 2014. The production was directed by Scott Schwartz and the creative team includes Chase Brock as the choreographer, Michael Kosarin as the music supervisor and arranger, Michael Starobin as the orchestrator, Alexander Dodge as the scenic designer, Alejo Vietti as the costume design Howell Binkley as the lighting designer, and Gareth Owen as the sound design. The Hunchback of Notre Dame had a workshop in February 2014. The La Jolla Playhouse production transferred to the Paper Mill Playhouse from March 4 through April 5, 2015. In 2017, the German version, with the same set decor, is playing in Berlin and München, Germany. In 2018, the production transferred to Stuttgart.

Tarzan
The show was based on the 1999 film of the same name and the novel Tarzan of the Apes by Edgar Rice Burroughs, and debuted on Broadway on May 10, 2006, at the Richard Rodgers Theatre. The show was heavily publicized with Phil Collins and the lead actors promoting the new musical on several media shows including The Today Show, Good Morning America, and Live with Regis and Kelly. After playing at the Richard Rodgers Theatre for over a year the show closed on July 8, 2007.

On April 15, 2007, the musical debuted in Europe in the Netherlands as the successor of The Lion King in Scheveningen. A Broadway musical had never previously arrived in the Netherlands so soon after its Broadway premiere. Phil Collins was a special guest at the 2006 Johnny Kraaijkamp Musical Award s, where he announced the news that Tarzan was coming to the Netherlands. Due to the size of the Circustheater, the show was expanded beyond the original Broadway production.

In 2008, a new production opened in Germany. A casting show on TV called "Ich Tarzan, Du Jane" ("I Tarzan, you Jane") searched for actors for the roles of Tarzan and Jane.

A revamped tour version had previously been announced to debut in January 2009 in Atlanta at the Theatre of the Stars. The new production was supposed to feature the same music and book, and directed and choreographed by Lynne Taylor-Corbett, with scenic design by Kenneth Foy, aerial design by Paul Rubin and lighting design by Ken Billington. The production was ultimately cancelled.

The Little Mermaid
The musical, based on the 1989 animated film, began Broadway previews on November 3, 2007, and opened on January 10, 2008, at the Lunt-Fontanne Theatre, even through trouble due to the Local One stagehands strike, which ended on November 28, 2007. The world premiere took place at The Ellie Caulkins Opera House at the Denver Center of the Performing Arts in Denver, Colorado. The show features every song from the movie, as well as nine new songs written by Menken and lyricist Glenn Slater. The book was written by Pulitzer Prize and Tony Award-winning playwright Doug Wright, with direction by Francesca Zambello, choreography by Stephen Mear, scenic design by George Tsypin, costume design by Tatiana Noginova and lighting design by Natasha Katz. The musical on Broadway opened to mixed reviews.

The original Broadway cast featured Sierra Boggess as Ariel, Norm Lewis as King Triton, Sherie Rene Scott as Ursula, Eddie Korbich as Scuttle, Sean Palmer as Prince Eric, J. J. Singleton, Cody Hanford, Trevor Braun and Brian D'Addario as Flounder, and Tituss Burgess as Sebastian.

The musical closed on August 30, 2009, after 685 performances and 50 previews. In 2012, a Dutch production premiered.

Aladdin
In November 2010, Alan Menken confirmed that a musical theatre adaptation of the 1992 animated film was in the works with a book written by Chad Beguelin. The show premiered at the 5th Avenue Theatre in Seattle from July 7 to July 31, 2011. Another production played at the Muny Theatre in St. Louis from July 5 – 13, 2012. The musical premiered on Broadway on February 26, 2014 (in previews) and officially on March 20, 2014, at the New Amsterdam Theatre, taking the place of Mary Poppins, which closed on March 3, 2013. The musical had a pre-Broadway tryout at the Ed Mirvish Theatre in Toronto lasting from November 13, 2013, to January 12, 2014. Casey Nicholaw directed and choreographed, with Chad Beguelin writing the book and additional lyrics, Bob Crowley as the scene designer, and costume design by Gregg Barnes. It was also announced that the musical would open at London's West End officially in June 2016 at the Prince Edward Theatre, taking the place of the revival of Miss Saigon, which closed on 27 February 2016.

The Jungle Book
Variety stated that there is an "Early-stages project [of] The Jungle Book, a tuner version (with songs from the movie based on Rudyard Kipling's novel of the same name) to be written and directed by Mary Zimmerman (Metamorphoses)." A joint mounting of the production occurred at the Goodman Theatre in Chicago and the Huntington Theatre in Boston in 2013, produced by special arrangement with Disney Theatrical Productions. As of 2015, the entire show was in storage awaiting the 2016 live action film. On May 15, 2020, Rajiv Joseph was announced to be writing the book, while Richard M. Sherman wrote new songs. Christopher Gattelli was also reported to be directing and choreographing the musical.

Pinocchio
A stage version of Disney's Pinocchio opened in the Lyttleton Theatre at the Royal National Theatre, London on 1 December 2017, running until 10 April 2018.

Frozen
On January 13, 2014, Disney CEO Bob Iger announced that a Broadway stage adaptation of the hit 2013 3D computer-animated musical film Frozen was in early development stages. On February 12, 2015, it was announced that the Broadway musical will be directed by two-time Tony nominee Alex Timbers and is aiming for the Broadway show to open in 2017. On February 9, 2016, it was announced that the musical was scheduled to open in spring 2018.

A private reading of the stage version of the musical Frozen was held in May 2016, with Elsa was played by Betsy Wolfe and Anna was played by Patti Murin. On September 27, 2016, Michael Grandage was selected to take over as the director after Timbers left the production, with Christopher Oram coming on board as the scenic designer.

A pre-Broadway tryout ran at the Buell Theatre in Denver, Colorado from August 17 to October 1, 2017. The original Denver and Broadway cast included Caissie Levy as Elsa, Patti Murin as Anna, Jelani Alladin as Kristoff, Greg Hildreth as Olaf, and John Riddle as Hans. Previews on Broadway at the St. James Theatre began on February 22, 2018, with the official opening on March 22, 2018. After 26 previews and 825 regular performances, Frozen had its last show on March 11, 2020. The show closed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and on May 15, Disney announced that the show would not reopen on Broadway, but would prepare for a U.S. tour. In 2021, a production in London's West End began previews on August 27, at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, and opened officially on September 8, 2021, and it will close on September 8, 2024, on its 3rd anniversary.

Hercules
In July 2017, Alan Menken said that he is working on a stage adaptation of the 1997 film, Hercules. The Public Theater presented the world premiere of the musical from August 31 through September 8, 2019 at the Delacorte Theater. The cast included Jelani Alladin (Hercules), Roger Bart (Hades), Jeff Hiller (Panic), Nelson Chimilio (Pain), James Monroe Iglehart (Phil), Ramona Keller (Thalia), Tamika Lawrence (Calliope), Krysta Rodriguez (Meg), and Rema Webb (Terpsichore). A revised version of the musical played the Paper Mill Playhouse in Millburn, New Jersey during the 2022–23 season, from February 9 to March 12, 2023. The revised book was written by Kwame Kwei-Armah and Robert Horn. The musical is scheduled to open in London's West End at Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in the summer of 2025.

Winnie the Pooh: The New Musical Adaptation
In 2019, it was reported that there had been plans to adapt the Winnie the Pooh stories into a Broadway musical with a book written by Edward Albee, but those plans were put on hold when Albee became busy. In May 2021, Disney Theatrical Productions announced that Winnie the Pooh would be adapted for a run Off-Broadway at the Theatre Row Building, starting October 21 of that year. Another production began playing at Mercury Theatre Chicago in Chicago, Illinois for a limited 13-week run lasting from March 15 to June 12, 2022.

Coco
On January 24, 2023, during Epcot's annual Disney on Broadway concert, The Lion King actor Steven Taylor announced that a live stage show adaptation of the film is currently in development.

Tangled
In February 2024, it was reported that Disney Theatrical Group is developing a new stage adaptation of the film, with a workshop underway.

Mary Poppins
Cameron Mackintosh's stage adaptation of Mary Poppins had its world premiere at the Bristol Hippodrome starting with previews from September 15, 2004, before officially opening on September 18 for a limited engagement until November 6. The production then moved to the Prince Edward Theatre on December 15, 2004. It was announced in June 2007 that this production would close on January 12, 2008, after a run of more than three years. To this date it is the only Disney production to premier on the west-end.

A UK tour of Mary Poppins commenced in June 2008 and ended in April 2009.

The Broadway production opened on November 16, 2006, following a month of previews in the New Amsterdam Theater. The Broadway production closed on March 3, 2013, after 2,619 performances. A North American tour of the show began at Chicago's Cadillac Palace Theatre in March 2009.

An Australian production opened at Melbourne's Her Majesty's Theatre in July 2010.

A Dutch production opened in April 2010 at the Circus Theater in Scheveningen.

A Czech production opened at Brno City Theatre (Městské divadlo Brno) in November 2010.

A Mexican production opened at Centro Cultural Telmex on November 14, 2012, with Bianca Marroquín as Mary.

An Icelandic production opened in February 2013 at the Reykjavík City Theater. It is the most expensive, difficult and successful show to be produced in Iceland.

The Austrian production opened at Vienna Ronacher on October 1, 2014.

In 2017, The German version will be playing in the Apollo Theatre in Stuttgart. The show will transfer to the Theater an der Elbe in Hamburg in 2018.

In September 2018, it was announced that Mary Poppins would be receiving a west-end revival to open in late 2019, following the closure of Aladdin on the west-end. It will re-open at its original theater, the Prince Edward Theatre.

Disney's My Son Pinocchio: Geppetto's Musical Tale
Disney's My Son Pinocchio: Geppetto's Musical Tale is a musical based on Disney's 2000 made-for-TV movie Geppetto, which was in turn based on a book by David Stern, and features music and lyrics by Stephen Schwartz. Much like the movie, My Son Pinocchio is a re-telling of the 1883 children's book The Adventures of Pinocchio by Carlo Collodi, but the story is told from Geppetto's perspective. As in the TV film, when Pinocchio runs away to become a star in Stromboli's puppet show, Geppetto must negotiate through a maze of adventures and comic encounters to find him.

High School Musical
The hit Disney Channel movie High School Musical was adapted for the stage in 2007. It had its world professional premiere at the Theatre of the Stars in Atlanta, Georgia. A US tour began on August 1, 2007, and ended on August 3, 2008. A West End production opened in July for a limited run. High School Musical has performed internationally in Japan, Spain, Italy, South Africa, Australia, Netherlands and South Korea.

High School Musical is licensed through Music Theatre International and has been performed by over 5,000 theaters throughout the world. Currently there is a Full-Length version, One-Act Edition and JR one-hour version designed specifically for middle-school aged performances.

High School Musical 2
A stage version of the sequel movie High School Musical 2 was released as a stage version in October 2008. Like the original, the show exists in a full-length version, One-Act Edition and a one-hour-long JR version designed for middle-school aged performers and is licensed through Music Theatre International.

Camp Rock
A musical version, based on the 2010 film Camp Rock 2: The Final Jam and features the songs from the first two Camp Rock films. The Gardiner Spring Auditorium in Ontario, California on August 5, 2010, and has performed internationally worldwide. The musical is licensed through Music Theatre International.

Descendants
A stage adaptation of the popular Disney Channel Franchise, Descendants. The stage adaptation is based on all of the movies including Descendants, Descendants 2, and the most recent installment, Descendants 3. The show includes music from the movies and animated TV series, Descendants: Wicked World, with additional music and lyrics by Madeline Smith and Nick Blaemire. The show was released through Music Theatre International on February 6, 2020.

Newsies
The show, based on the 1992 film, features a book by Harvey Fierstein and music by Alan Menken and Jack Feldman. A reading of the musical was held in New York on December 10, 2010. The musical premiered at the Paper Mill Playhouse (Millburn, New Jersey), in September 2011 with Jeff Calhoun as director. "Disney representatives stated that the production was not eyeing a Broadway berth, but is being explored as a property for licensing by professional and amateur groups." However, due to enthusiastic reviews, the show opened on Broadway on March 29, 2012, at the Nederlander Theatre with an open-ended run. The show was nominated for eight Tony Awards, including Best Musical, winning Best Choreography and Best Original Score. Newsies gave its final Broadway performance on August 24, 2014, while heading out for a national tour in October 2014. The production was filmed and premiered in cinemas on February 19, 2017. Both full-length and junior versions of the musicalare available for licensing via Music Theater International. The musical premiered on London's West End in 2022, closing on July 30, 2023, after an extended run at the Wembley Troubadour Park Theatre.

Shakespeare in Love
In November 2013, Disney Theatrical Productions, announced plans to mount a stage version of the film Shakespeare in Love in London, with Sonia Friedman Productions as co-producer. The West End production played at the Noël Coward Theatre, with the world premiere scheduled for July 23, 2014. Based on the screenplay by Marc Norman and Tom Stoppard, it has been adapted for the stage by Lee Hall. The production is directed by Declan Donnellan and designed by Nick Ormerod, the driving force behind the noted theatre company, Cheek by Jowl. However, it was announced that the production would close on 18 April 2015.

Freaky Friday
A musical version of the film, with a book by Bridget Carpenter and a score by Ryan Scott Oliver, was expected to have a "developmental production" at the La Jolla Playhouse in spring 2012. Christopher Ashley was named as "likely" to be the director. A developmental lab is set for 31 March through 10 April 2015. Ultimately music and lyrics fell into the hands of Tom Kitt and Brian Yorkey of If/Then and Next To Normal fame. The premier engagement occurred at Arlington Virginia's Signature Theater from October 4 to November 20, 2016, under the direction of Christopher Ashley. The creative team included choreography by Sergio Trujillo, music supervision by Bryan Perri, orchestration by Michael Starobin / Tom Kitt, scenic design by Beowulf Boritt, costume design by Emily Rebholz, lighting by Howell Binkley and sound design by Brian Ronan and Kai Harada. The west coast engagement at the La Jolla Playhouse (January 31, 2017 – March 19, 2017) reprised most of its Signature Theatre creative team and cast. The Studio Cast Recording album was released by Walt Disney Records on February 10, 2017.

Bedknobs and Broomsticks
The musical based on the 1971 film and the stories by Mary Norton features songs from the film by The Sherman Brothers, new songs by Neil Bartram, and a book by Brian Hill. The production was produced by Michael Harrison, by special arrangement with Disney Theatrical Productions and opened in August 2021 at the Theatre Royal in Newcastle upon Tyne before embarking a UK and Ireland tour. The production was directed by Candice Edmunds and Jamie Harrison, with set and illusions also by Harrison.

The Princess Bride
In 2019, it was announced that Disney is developing The Princess Bride 1987 Film as a musical with David Yazbek as composer and Bob Martin and Rick Elice as the bookwriters.

Alice in Wonderland
In 2011, Disney Theatrical was in early talks with Tim Burton and screenwriter Linda Woolverton, to develop the 2010 film of the same name into a Broadway musical. Woolverton authored the screenplay for Disney's The Lion King and is also the Tony Award-nominated book writer of Beauty and the Beast, Aida, and Lestat. Burton was planned to also render the overall designs for the stage musical. Woolverton was planned to adapt her screenplay for the stage production. Neither a composer nor songwriter were publicly announced. Robert Jess Roth was set to helm the stage musical that would have choreography by Matt West. The duo also collaborated on Disney's first Broadway outing: Beauty and the Beast. No casting was announced. With no updates or announcements on the project in over a decade, this musical is presumably no longer in development.

Father of the Bride
In 2011, a stage musical version of the film Father of the Bride was in development with Bartlett Sher as its expected director. This musical is also presumably no longer in development.

King David
King David is a musical, sometimes described as a modern oratorio, with a book and lyrics by Tim Rice and music by Alan Menken. The musical is based on Biblical tales from the Books of Samuel and 1 Chronicles, as well as text from David's Psalms.

Aida
Aida is a musical that debuted in March 2000, with lyrics by Tim Rice and music by Elton John. It is based on the opera of the same name by Giuseppe Verdi.

On the Record
Debuting in November 2004, the show brought together 60 Disney songs from 1930 right up to 2004. They are woven together loosely by a storyline which is set in a recording studio with young (and old) performers using the songs to express their moods and the interrelationships among the characters they portray. The show played at the National Theatre in Washington D.C., as well as other theatres on a national tour.

Peter and the Starcatcher
Disney Theatrical Productions and La Jolla Playhouse (California) adapted Peter and the Starcatchers, which is a prequel to the Peter Pan story, into a play with music. The new play is written by Rick Elice, co-directed by Roger Rees and Alex Timbers, and is based on the novel by Dave Barry and Ridley Pearson. It was produced as part of La Jolla Playhouse's Page to Stage program, and ran from February 13, 2009, through March 8, 2009. An Off Broadway production opened at New York Theatre Workshop It moved to Broadway on April 15, 2012. The show ended its Broadway run on January 20, 2013, and reopened Off-Broadway once again at New World Stages in March 2013.

Backstage with Disney On Broadway
The ABC television special Backstage with Disney On Broadway: Celebrating 20 Years aired on December 14, 2014. ABC's "Nashville" TV show duo, Clare Bowen and Sam Palladio, performed "Pinocchio", "Mary Poppins", "The Little Mermaid", "Beauty and the Beast", "Aladdin", "The Lion King", "The Hunchback of Notre Dame", "Hercules", and "Tarzan". in a nine musicals for the special.

Newsies
On the 25th anniversary of the original film's theatrical release, April 10, 2017, it was announced the filmed stage production of the musical Newsies would be released for digital download on May 23, 2017. Some alumni from the Broadway production reprised their leading roles, notably Jeremy Jordan as Jack, Kara Lindsay as Katherine, Ben Fankhauser as Davey, Andrew Keenan-Bolger as Crutchie and Tommy Bracco as Spot Conlon.Several ensemble tracks were added to the show to provide roles for swings. A two-day encore presentation of the production was shown in theaters on August 5 and 9, 2017.

Freaky Friday
Freaky Friday is an American musical television film that premiered as a Disney Channel Original Movie on August 10, 2018. Based on the 2016 Disney Theatrical Productions stage adaptation by Bridget Carpenter; the movie is the fourth feature film installment in the Freaky Friday franchise. The adaptation stars Cozi Zuehlsdorff and Heidi Blickenstaff.

Aladdin
Aladdin was originally set to premiere exclusively on Disney+ in 2022, on the 30th Anniversary of the original 1992 film, but the release date was pushed back until further notice.

title: Disney Theatrical Productions


text:
Lister Motor Company

Lister Motor Company Ltd is a British sports car manufacturer founded by Brian Lister in 1954 in Cambridge, England, which became known for its involvement in motorsport. After buying the company in 1986, Laurence Pearce produced variants of the Jaguar XJS before producing a bespoke sports car, the Lister Storm. In 2013, Lister Cars was acquired by Lawrence Whittaker's company Warrantywise. Production of the original sports car restarted in 2014 and ten continuation Lister Jaguar Knobblys were built to celebrate Lister's 60th Anniversary. In 2016, the company announced the build and sale of the Lister Knobbly Stirling Moss. On 31 January 2018, the Lister LFT-666 (previously called the Lister Thunder) based on the Jaguar F-Type was announced.

George Lister and sons
Beginning in 1954, company manager and racing driver Brian Lister brought out the first in a series of sports cars from a Cambridge iron works. Inspired by Cooper, he used a tubular ladder chassis, de Dion rear axle and inboard drum brakes. Like others, he used a tuned MG engine and stock gearbox. It made its debut at the British Empire Trophy at Oulton Park in 1954, with former MG driver Archie Scott Brown at the wheel. Later, Lister swapped in a Moore-tuned Bristol two-litre engine and knockoff wire wheels in place of the MG's discs to improve performance. For the sports car race supporting the 1954 British Grand Prix at Silverstone, Scott Brown won the two-litre class and placed fifth overall behind only works Aston Martins.

In 1955, a handful of Lister-Bristols were built with a new body built by an ex-Bristol employee with the aid of a wind tunnel. Despite its new fins and strakes, it was less successful than the original Lister-Bristol of 1954. Lister moved up to a six-cylinder motor from a Formula 2 Maserati A6GCS for their own car, while customers continued to receive the Bristol motor, sold for £3900. Lister also attempted single-seater racing with a multi-tube chassis powered by a Coventry-Climax motor and using an MG gearbox, but the car was a failure.

For 1957, Lister redesigned the car around a 3.4 litre Jaguar D-type XK inline-six, with an aerodynamic aluminium body. It was tested by racing journalist John Bolster, performing a 0–100 mph (0–160 km/h) run in 11.2 seconds. Driver Archie Scott Brown won the 1957 British Empire Trophy in the new Lister-Jaguar. Refined again in 1958, the Lister-Jaguar entered international competitions. Brown was killed that season when he crashed the Lister-Jaguar at Spa-Francorchamps. Lister also developed another single-seater car based on the Lister-Jaguar, for use in the unique Race of Two Worlds at Monza. Cars from this era are affectionately known as the "Lister Knobbly" cars, due to their curved bodywork.

For 1959, Lister hired aerodynamicist Frank Costin who produced entirely new bodywork built around a new Chevrolet Corvette power plant. However, the front-engine layout of the new Lister-Chevrolet was quickly eclipsed by the rear-engine layout of the new Cooper sports car. By the end of 1959 Lister withdrew from competition although production of sports cars continued for customers.

In 1963, Brian Lister was chosen by the Rootes Group to prepare the Sunbeam Tiger for the prototype category of the 24 Hours of Le Mans. The Ford V8-powered Tiger was still in the early stages of development while Lister was constructing the chassis at the Jensen factory. Lister upgraded the suspension and brakes, added an aerodynamic fastback hardtop with a more sloping windscreen and a Kamm tail. The 260 CID Ford V8 engine was tuned by Carroll Shelby in order to allow it to produce 275 hp instead of the 160 hp in standard specification. The car was designed with a top speed of 170 mph in mind, but were developed in a short time frame and suffered engine failures. Rootes later received a refund for the engines. The two cars and one prototype mule still exist. The failure of the cars and Rootes' bankruptcy led to the demise of Lister's tuning work as well.

Pearce ownership
The Lister company returned in 1986 as Lister Cars Ltd. based in Leatherhead, Surrey, with engineer Laurence Pearce tuning approximately 90 Jaguar XJSs and improving their top speed to over 200 mph, with an asking price of over £100,000. Success at this endeavour led the newly formed company to design a new sports car, the Lister Storm. Launched in 1993, it would use the largest displacement V12 engine ever fitted to a production car at that time, a 7.0L unit derived from the Jaguar XJR9. The Storm was later developed for motorsport in various guises, winning the FIA GT Championship in 2000. Lister later developed a bespoke Le Mans Prototype, the Storm LMP in 2003.

Whittaker ownership

In 2012, Lawrence Whittaker and his father visited the Lister factory to source parts when restoring a Lister Knobbly, and the opportunity to purchase the Lister Motor Company arose. In 2013, ownership of George Lister Engineering Limited of Cambridge, original intellectual property rights, the plans and drawings for all original Lister cars, as well as the property rights of Pearce's Lister Cars were bought by father and son Andrew and Lawrence Whittaker, who also own car warranty company Warrantywise. The new company, along with its associated partners, was rebranded as the Lister Motor Company Ltd. Ten months later, the Lister Motor Company announced the build and sale of the Lister Knobbly to mark 60 years since the first Lister Racing Car was built.

60th Anniversary Lister Knobbly
The new company started building of the original Lister designs in 2014. To celebrate the 60th Anniversary of The Lister Motor Company, the release of the Lister Knobbly was announced, described as the most successful racing car of the late 1950s. The Lister Knobbly was driven by some of the most notable racing car drivers of the 50s including: Archie Scott Brown, Stirling Moss, Ivor Bueb, Bruce Halford and Innes Ireland amongst many others. Within a matter of weeks half of the 60th Anniversary Lister race cars were sold out. Soon after, the order book was completely full and Lister had orders for £5m.

Lister Knobbly Sir Stirling Moss Edition
In June 2016, The Lister Motor Company announced the build and sale of the Lister Knobbly Stirling Moss at the Royal Automobile Club in London. The car is built to the exact specification of the 1958 model and is the only magnesium-bodied car in the world and only the second car in history endorsed by legendary racing driver Sir Stirling Moss. Brian Lister invited Sir Stirling Moss to drive for Lister on three separate occasions, at Goodwood in 1954, Silverstone in 1958 and at Sebring in 1959, and to celebrate these races, 10 special edition lightweight Lister Knobbly cars are being built and priced at £1 Million each. The company announced that the cars will be available for both road and race use and Sir Stirling Moss will personally be handing over each car.

Lister LFT-666
In January 2018, Lister announced the LFT-666. The car, which is a modified Jaguar F-Type R has a modified variant of the 5.0-litre supercharged V8 engine as utilised in the Jaguar F-Type SVR, generating 666 PS at 6,000 rpm and a peak torque of 720 lbft achieved by dual modified supercharger pulleys, a modified intercooler, an improved air intake system and a different ECU. The Thunder is capable of accelerating from 0-62 mph in 3.2 seconds and attaining a maximum speed of 208 mph. The four-wheel drive layout and the 8-speed ZF automatic transmission with torque converter are retained from the F-Type while a Quicksilver titanium exhaust system saves 10 kg of weight. The car has light weight 21-inch alloy wheels, acid green accents and brake callipers. The car has a Bridge of Weir Nappa leather interior that is available in 36 colour combinations, with the Lister logos stitched into the headrests and seat pattern to match the front grille. The car was unveiled at the Historic Motorsport International show, at London's ExCeL. The LFT-666 will be built in limited numbers, with only 99 cars to be produced in total having a base price of £141,155 while a carbon fibre bonnet adds £14,850 more to the base price. The owners will also receive access to the exclusive Lister driver's club.

The Lister Stealth
In August 2020, the Lister Motor Company launched Britain's fastest SUV - the Lister Stealth. Based on the Jaguar F-Pace, the Stealth uses a Lister-modified version of the 5.0-litre supercharged V8 engine found in the factory F-Pace SVR, to achieve a power output of 666 bhp and 650 lbft of torque. The Stealth accelerates from 0-97 kph in 3.6 seconds and a boasts a top speed of 314 kph. The Stealth adds proof to its claim of being Britain's fastest SUV after beating the Lamborghini Urus, Aston Martin Vantage and McLaren 570GT in a drag race at the renowned testing event, VMAX200.

title: Lister Motor Company


text:
User talk:Varnav

Hi, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions to the coolest online encyclopedia I know of =). I sure hope you stick around; we're always in need of more people to create new articles and improve the ones we already have.  You'll probably find it easiest to start with a tutorial of how the wikipedia works, and you can test stuff for yourself in the sandbox.  When you're contributing, you'll probably find the manual of style to be helpful, and you'll also want to remember a couple important guidelines.  First, write from a neutral point of view, second, be bold in editing pages, and third, use wikiquette.  Those are probably the most important ones, and you can take a look at some others at the policies and guidelines page. You might also be interested in how to write a great article and possibly adding some images to your articles.

Be sure to get involved in the community – you can contact me at my talk page if you have any questions, and you can check out the village pump, where lots of wikipedians hang out and discuss things. If you're looking for something to do, check out the community portal. And whenever you ask a question or post something on a talk page, be sure to sign your name by typing ~~~~.

Again, welcome! It's great to have you. Happy editing! --Spangineer (háblame)  18:33, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)

Schnauzer photo
Image:Standard schnauzer.jpg is a nice photo, even if it's not of the complete dog. I added the "public domain" license text to the image, since you're the photographer and you didn't state any other info about its licensing or copyright. If that's not what you want, you might want to use (see GFDL)--that's what I have used for all of my dog photos. Thanks! Elf | Talk 00:54, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free media (Image:Mts logo.gif)
Thanks for uploading Image:Mts logo.gif. The media description page currently specifies that it is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, it is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the media was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that media for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that all non-free media not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. BetacommandBot 17:15, 13 November 2007 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:Res price msk.png
Thanks for uploading Image:Res price msk.png. The image has been identified as not specifying the copyright status of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the copyright status of the image on the image's description page, using an appropriate copyright tag, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided copyright information for them as well.

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July 2008
Welcome to Wikipedia, and thank you for your contributions. One of the core policies of Wikipedia is that articles should always be written from a neutral point of view. Please remember to observe our core policies. Without specifics, you cannot randomly add advert tags to a page against consensus. KelleyCook (talk) 13:03, 5 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Advert tag was added according to discussion. --Varnav (talk) 15:25, 5 July 2008 (UTC)

 * Stop adding the advert tag. The article may be crap but it is clearly not an advert. Please read Wikipedia policy before you end up getting blocked for trolling. AlistairMcMillan (talk) 19:05, 5 July 2008 (UTC)

Edit warring
You are now edit warring with two editors. If you continue you will be blocked from editing. AlistairMcMillan (talk) 16:50, 5 July 2008 (UTC)

Apple iTunes
You really need my help to establish that Itunes sucks hairy unwashed ass for PC and the Wikipedia article kills it? I'm glad to help, but what more is needed tban to point it out? JimZDP (talk) 01:44, 19 July 2008 (UTC)
 * I agree with you regarding itunes and related articles. I also experienced watchdog-like edits/reverts. please let me know if you need help.--BBird (talk) 21:19, 27 July 2008 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of NanoZip

The article NanoZip has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Does not appear notable; no reliable sources, and I cannot find any

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing  will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. The speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion.  Chzz  ►  20:35, 9 March 2010 (UTC)

Hello,. You have new messages at  Chzz's talk page. You can remove this notice at any time by removing the template. File:Ico specie.png       Chzz  ►  22:12, 10 March 2010 (UTC)

Baskevskaya maslenica
Privet! Menya zablokirovali v ruwiki i ya ne mogu nichego sdelat so statyoy. Ya teper tozhe hochu yeyo snesti. Moy vam sovet - udalite ssilky на статью Митрича-Соколова вв Известиях. Там он пишет про МАСЛОСТРОЙ, а не про Бакшевскую масленицу. Используйте этот формальный повод. Удаляйте отовсюду слово "Маслострой" - не доказано что это про бакшевку, а поэтому сносите. Ссылки из РИА Новостей тоже сносите - говорите что не АИ, что это просто фотографии, для АИ недостаточно. ЖЕлаю удачи.--78.40.231.89 (talk) 21:23, 21 March 2010 (UTC)

Articles for deletion nomination of NanoZip
I have nominated NanoZip, an article that you created, for deletion. I do not think that this article satisfies Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and have explained why at Articles for deletion/NanoZip. Your opinions on the matter are welcome at that same discussion page; also, you are welcome to edit the article to address these concerns. Thank you for your time.Please contact me if you're unsure why you received this message.  Chzz  ►  04:06, 23 April 2010 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free media (File:Steam regional limitation.PNG)
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If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'file' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "File" from the dropdown box. Note that all non-free media not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. Hazard-Bot (talk) 04:06, 3 August 2012 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:05, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

"Water world" listed at Redirects for discussion
A discussion is taking place to address the redirect Water world. The discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2020 September 22 until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. Mdewman6 (talk) 00:40, 22 September 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:Varnav


text:
User talk:Sealpupsarecute

Hi, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions to the coolest online encyclopedia I know of =). I sure hope you stick around; we're always in need of more people to create new articles and improve the ones we already have.  You'll probably find it easiest to start with a tutorial of how the wikipedia works, and you can test stuff for yourself in the sandbox.  When you're contributing, you'll probably find the manual of style to be helpful, and you'll also want to remember a couple important guidelines.  First, write from a neutral point of view, second, be bold in editing pages, and third, use wikiquette.  Those are probably the most important ones, and you can take a look at some others at the policies and guidelines page. You might also be interested in how to write a great article and possibly adding some images to your articles.

Be sure to get involved in the community – you can contact me at my talk page if you have any questions, and you can check out the village pump, where lots of wikipedians hang out and discuss things. If you're looking for something to do, check out the community portal. And whenever you ask a question or post something on a talk page, be sure to sign your name by typing ~~~~.

Again, welcome! It's great to have you. Happy editing! --Spangineer (háblame)  18:33, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has now been reverted or removed. Please use Sandbox for any other tests you want to do, since testing in articles will be reverted quickly. Please see the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. — Xezbeth 19:10, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)

Unrepentant troll
This is, by my count, the fifth account created by this guy, for the sole purpose of creating illiterate one-sentence articles. S/he will not respond to any requests to cut it out, so don't bother asking. Here are the other identities, in case any admin can do something useful with them. Eliot 20:29, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Special:Contributions/Historicperson
 * Special:Contributions/Moviesofthefuture
 * Special:Contributions/Helpinghands
 * Special:Contributions/Ozdusters
 * Special:Contributions/Sealpupsarecute

title: User talk:Sealpupsarecute


text:
User talk:Scfitch

Hi, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions to the coolest online encyclopedia I know of =). I sure hope you stick around; we're always in need of more people to create new articles and improve the ones we already have.  You'll probably find it easiest to start with a tutorial of how the wikipedia works, and you can test stuff for yourself in the sandbox.  When you're contributing, you'll probably find the manual of style to be helpful, and you'll also want to remember a couple important guidelines.  First, write from a neutral point of view, second, be bold in editing pages, and third, use wikiquette.  Those are probably the most important ones, and you can take a look at some others at the policies and guidelines page. You might also be interested in how to write a great article and possibly adding some images to your articles.

Be sure to get involved in the community – you can contact me at my talk page if you have any questions, and you can check out the village pump, where lots of wikipedians hang out and discuss things. If you're looking for something to do, check out the community portal. And whenever you ask a question or post something on a talk page, be sure to sign your name by typing ~~~~.

Again, welcome! It's great to have you. Happy editing! --Spangineer (háblame)  18:33, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)

Quantum Random Access Machine
I believe that the content of the article Quantum Random Access Machine is already covered well enough in Quantum computer, and I have redirect it there. If you believe I am mistaken please contact me on my talk page. Jon513 14:52, 16 July 2006 (UTC)

Proposed deletion of Fernberg Road

The article Fernberg Road has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * Non notable city street that does not pass the WP:GNG.

While all contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, content or articles may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the article to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. The speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. Admrboltz (talk) 03:44, 15 January 2011 (UTC)

Deletion of Tycom Microframe article (copyright violations)
Your additions to Tycom Microframe have been removed, as it appears to have added copyrighted material to Wikipedia without permission from the copyright holder. Due to the majority of the text being copied from here, the article has been deleted. For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other websites or printed material; such additions will be deleted. You may use external websites or publications as a source of information, but not as a source of article content such as sentences or images. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. Bumm13 (talk) 21:31, 9 November 2011 (UTC)

Nomination of OpenSolaris JeOS for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article OpenSolaris JeOS is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/OpenSolaris JeOS until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. Someone not using his real name (talk) 23:27, 23 December 2013 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:05, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Scfitch


text:
User talk:Isonomia/sandbox

re editing
I was thinking... 'it's not for everyone' but even this is not encyclopedic style which aims to inform, not influence or justify. Given this, all the analogous stuff can go. That is, if it is to remain a wiki piece.

sat-tan-ism
i've also seen this belief system being referred to as sat-tan-ism. Gringo300 05:10, 25 July 2006 (UTC)

music comment
What the hell is up with the music comment? Totally unrelated and unnecessary - is someone just trying to interject their own personal theories on the nature of esotericism? An actual link to the Esotericism wiki page to describe it would be more appropriate. And this article seems to be more like an advertisment for Sat/Tan satanism than an objective description. It "Calls out" to some people and it's "not for everyone"? Creating an elitist dynamic that shouldn't be in an objective article.

Comment: there is absolutely nothing "elitist" about the statement. Traditionally, even Freemasonry uses the music analogy to explain their own esotericism. Esotericism is not about secrecy (eg, like the Cia is secret), nor is it about mystical gibberish. It is literally like music which has to be heard with ears. It is not for everyone, just as, for instance, ballroom music would not be for everyone. Some might hate it and avoid it.

There is no personal theory involved in the music analogy for what really is esotercism. I will repeat that the standard answer for anyone asking if Freemasonry is a secret organization is that "Freemasonry is not a secret organization, but it may be thought of as secret in the sense that music is not available, hence secret, to deaf people." This is the standard definition of The Eastern Esoteric Tradition, as far as the esotericism practiced is concerned. You could shout the doctrines from a rooftop and still, some can not hear it, which means grasp it. Nothing in genuine standard esotericism is cerebral or intellectual. All of it is in the realm of senses and feelings, hearing, seeing, smelling, etc. People with perfect pitch, able to hear exact notes and harmony are not elite. But the fact is that this abiliey it not known to tone deaf people - they can not "know" music in the same sense at all. There is nothing elitist about it - and the analogy is on target and happens to be the standard analogy that is used.

There is no other way to explain what "calls out" means. It literally does "call out" resonate, with some people very strongly. In other cases, it makes no sense and literally falls on deaf ears.

This is not an advertisement for Sat Tan Satanism - it is as objective description of what it it is as possible, considering the fact that every attempt I made in the past to simply put the FAQ on here met with "that article is copyrighted," with subsequent removal of it.

Serious POV issues:

Quotes like "often seen as 'real deal' Satanism" are pure advertisement. Some of the article is first person (When we say "Satano-Communism," we mean commune-ism, community, in the literal sense.) It's not written in the proper voice for a wiki article; it reads like a sales pitch, not a simple summary of the form of Satanism. Further, to meet usual Wiki standards, if this is a legitimate religion of significance, some sources not directly affiliated with the religion (like magazine articles, books that sold over 5,000 copies (the standard for author inclusion)--something legitimate beyond a few geocities pages.) If there are no sources beyond a few personal web pages, is this sect really notable enough for Wikipedia? Anyone can create a few web pages and say they have their own religion. I'm not a regular wiki contributor, but I use wiki a lot, and I'm making these comments for the benefit of other reviewers/editors, because I think this article really needs to be reviewed and perhaps deleted.

The author could improve the article by justifying statements about the religion and adding sources not affiliated with those promoting Sat/tan. Certainly there must be some media interviews with practitioners or something that validates this sect's inclusion...

24.21.68.5 07:17, 19 March 2006 (UTC)

The comment about music is literal, absolutely literal. The groups inclusion? The Dark Doctrine variety of "satanism" has been around and has had their articles published in the mouthpiece magazines of every single public Satanic organization out there, including the Church of Satan's magazine, "The Black Flame." This doctrine has greatly influenced Satanism and many organizations that now exist that use ideas borrowed from the Dark Doctrines.

For copyright, with isbn numbers, examples of literature belonging to this group, yuo can see the ad that is on their site. I fear that if the ad is put on here, it would be seen as "more advertisement."

Will somebody with more authorization than me kindly begin rm'ing much of this page? "I am sorry for this long-winded explanation" and a lot of the article seems to be written by one guy who is making an argument instead of a description, besides violating NPOV quite thoroughly. 83.109.132.173 17:16, 20 May 2006 (UTC)

editing begins
I begin editing this article a little-- it read before like someone simpley copy-pasted a pamphlet or essay or something. Not being a Sat/Tanist myself, I may have gotten some of the details wrong, but the repitition was beginning to read like a sermon so I deleted most of it and paraphrased into a shorter explination. I also retitled a sectoin head ot make it clear that these are things belived by satanists, not objectivly true statements per se. Kuronue 02:13, 22 June 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Isonomia/sandbox


text:
SWF (disambiguation)

SWF (ShockWave Flash / Small Web Format) is an Adobe Flash file format. SWF may also refer to:

 * SWF Seeks Same a 1990 novel by John Lutz
 * South Woodham Ferrers, a town in Essex, UK
 * Sovereign wealth fund of a government
 * Spring Web Flow, for rich web applications
 * Standard Written Form of the Cornish language
 * Stewart International Airport (IATA code), Hudson Valley, New York, US
 * Südwestfunk, a former German radio station
 * Sere language, by ISO 639-3 language code
 * Center for the Filipino Language (Sentro ng Wikang Filipino)
 * Scottish Women's Football
 * Scottish Widows Fund
 * Street Woman Fighter, a Korean dance survival show

title: SWF (disambiguation)


text:
Victory Bell

Victory Bell may refer to:

 * Blue Key Victory Bell, awarded to the winner of the football game between Ball State University and Indiana State University
 * Victory Bell (Cincinnati–Miami), awarded to the winner of the football game between the University of Cincinnati and Miami University
 * Victory Bell (Duke–North Carolina), awarded to the winner of the football game between Duke University and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
 * Victory Bell, awarded to the winner of the Missouri–Nebraska football game
 * Victory Bell (UCLA–USC), awarded to the winner of the football game between the University of Southern California and the University of California, Los Angeles
 * Victory Bell (University of Portland), Oregon, two bells rung for sporting and other events
 * Victory Bell, rung by Fordham University football players
 * Victory Bell, rung by Washington State University football players
 * Victory Bell, former rivalry trophy of Cal Poly and Fresno State and currently rung at Cal Poly football games after scores
 * Victory Bell, former football rivalry trophy of Santa Clara and Saint Mary's

title: Victory Bell


text:
User:Don Diego

iHola! I am Don Diego, and, no, I don't speak Spanish, hehe. :) But my English is up to par, so no worries, there, e?

Perhaps I may be best described as a "warrior of light" in training, so I try very hard to battle with injustice whenever I see it without judging the person who I'm battling. As for knowing who to fight, I follow one simple rule:
 * "By their edits ye shall know them."

And when fighting vandalism, I pray
 * "Let not the vandals triumph over Wiki."

But do I really want them not to? Then again, I cannot judge WP's inhabitants, but sometimes one has to act against injustice even when it brings him in danger. So for myself, I pray
 * "Let not mine enemies triumph over me."

And as for sockpuppetry, I am Nobody's sock. Want proof? Ask him. ;)

Other stuff

 * Challenge to People who Think that I Am a Smelly Sock
 * Henceforth, nobody shall attack me pointlessly by making any kind of criticism about me. Whosoever shall disobey this command shall be flung at the feet of the merciless Vogon administrator and shall be left at his mercy. Therefore, it is not a good idea to criticise me. A better idea would be to prove that I am somebody else, in this case, this unlucky fella, and then to prove that I am everybody (and so on and so forth, blablabla), and then send the answers to the Vogon administrator, who will then recommend that all innocent and new users be banned at the order of the Alpowerful Almighty ArbCom Head (AAACH) to prevent the spread of this new and virulent disease called ... I forget. For inquiries, ask the Vogon administrator, or consult this link for that mind-boggling puzzlement. ;) Don Diego (23 October 2005)

 * Spelling Doesn't Matter
 * Cmniog soon at tihs uesr pgae

"Sockpuppetry"
I am allegedly a sockpuppet of:

My, my, my, with all this "evidence" turning up "proving" that I am a sockpuppet of So-and-so, I might end up being everybody on Wikipedia! Now how about that, Mr. Wales? Or should I say, now how about that, Don Diego? ;)

("evidence" for first accusation kindly provided by User:Mel Etitis, next two were donated by User:Iago Dali)

title: User:Don Diego


text: Category:British dukes

title: Category:British dukes


text: Category:Dukes in the Peerage of England


text: Category:Regions of Guinea

title: Category:Regions of Guinea


text:
Jesse Crain

Jesse Alan Crain (born July 5, 1981) is a Canadian former professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Minnesota Twins and the Chicago White Sox.

High school and college
Crain was born in Toronto, Ontario and attended Fairview High School in Boulder, Colorado, where he played baseball, basketball, and football. He was named 1999 All-State and Colorado High School Player of the Year. He was a 2001 graduate of San Jacinto Junior College in Texas, where he was an All-Conference shortstop. In 2002, he transferred to the University of Houston and was named to the all-conference team as a shortstop and relief pitcher, the all-conference tournament team as a shortstop, and the conference all-academic team. He was named first team All-America by Baseball America and Baseball Weekly and second team All-America by the ABCA.

Minor leagues
Crain was drafted by the Minnesota Twins in the second round (61st overall) of the 2002 Major League Baseball draft. He made his professional debut that year with the Rookie-level Elizabethton Twins, going 2–1 with two saves and an ERA of 0.57 in nine relief appearances. Crain was later promoted to the Single-A Quad Cities River Bandits, where he went 1–1 with one save and a 1.50 ERA in nine relief appearances. In 18 combined appearances, he went 3–2 with three saves and an 0.98 ERA. In 2003, he managed to pitch at all three levels in the minor leagues, going 6–3 with 19 saves and a 1.93 ERA in 55 relief appearances. In 2004, Crain pitched with the Triple-A Rochester Red Wings and went 3–2 with 19 saves and a 2.49 ERA in 41 relief appearances before being called up by the Twins.

Minnesota Twins
Crain was called up by the Twins on August 1, 2004. He spent the remainder of the season in the majors, going 3–0 with a 2.00 ERA in 22 relief appearances. In 2005, Crain made the major league roster out of spring training. Starting the season 8–0, he set a record for most consecutive wins in relief to start a career.

On May 17, 2007, Crain was placed on the 15-day disabled list with a torn rotator cuff and labrum. He missed the rest of the season after undergoing surgery.

Crain returned to the team in 2008. He stepped up, along with Craig Breslow, to fill the eighth-inning setup role formerly occupied by Pat Neshek, who was placed on the 60-day disabled list on May 9 with an acute tear of the ulnar collateral ligament in his throwing arm. Crain went 5–4 with a 3.59 ERA in 66 games.

On April 20, 2009, Crain was placed on the disabled list with a sore right shoulder. He was activated on May 3. In 56 relief appearances, Crain went 7–4 with a 4.70 ERA. He fared better in 2010, going 1–1 with one save and a 3.04 ERA in 71 relief appearances.

Chicago White Sox
On December 20, 2010, Crain signed a three-year, $13 million contract with the Chicago White Sox.

Crain was used as the setup man for 2013. From April 17 to June 22, Crain pitched 29 straight scoreless appearances, a franchise record. On July 3, Crain was placed on the disabled list with a right shoulder strain. In 38 games with Chicago, Crain went 2–3 with 19 holds and a 0.74 ERA, striking out 46 in 36.2 innings. Crain was elected to the All-Star Game, but since he was injured, he was replaced by Justin Masterson.

Tampa Bay Rays
Crain was traded to the Tampa Bay Rays on July 29, 2013, for future considerations. Crain was activated off the disabled list on September 23, but he did not appear in the regular or post season. On October 16, the compensation for the White Sox in the trade was named as minor-leaguers Sean Bierman and Ben Kline.

Houston Astros
On December 31, 2013, Crain agreed to terms on a one-year contract with the Houston Astros. He was placed on the 60-day DL on March 21 while recovering from offseason surgery on his right biceps. He did not play a single game for the Astros. He became a free agent following the season.

Chicago White Sox (second stint)
On January 22, 2015, Crain signed a minor league contract with the Chicago White Sox. He elected free agency after the season on November 6.

World Baseball Classic
Crain was selected to represent Canada at the World Baseball Classic. In the first game of the 2006 edition of the Classic, Crain came into the game in the 9th inning. He got the save as Canada beat the South Africans 11–8.

In the 2009 World Baseball Classic, Crain struck out all four batters he faced in the eighth and ninth innings, although Canada ended up losing the game 6 - 2 to Italy.

title: Jesse Crain


text:
Mostostal

Mostostal is a steel construction group of companies based in Warsaw, Poland, part of one of the largest industrial conglomerate companies in Poland.

The company produces a wide range of steel industrial structures. Projects have included chemical plants and radio masts.

History
The company was formed in 1945 in Kraków, shortly afterwards moved its headquarters to Zabrze, then to Warsaw.

In the 1970s, the company built the radio mast in Konstantynów, which was the tallest structure on Earth until its collapse in 1991.

title: Mostostal


text:
Heart of Gold (Neil Young song)

"Heart of Gold" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Neil Young. From his fourth album Harvest, it is Young's only U.S. No. 1 single. In Canada, it reached No. 1 on the RPM national singles chart for the first time on April 8, 1972, on which date Young held the top spot on both the singles and albums charts, and No. 1 again on May 13. Billboard ranked it as the No. 17 song for 1972.

In 2004, Rolling Stone ranked it No. 297 on their list of the 500 greatest songs of all time, No. 303 in an updated 2010 list, and No. 259 in 2021.

Description
The song, which features backup vocals by James Taylor and Linda Ronstadt, is one of a series of soft acoustic pieces which were written partly as a result of a back injury. Unable to stand for long periods of time, Young could not play his electric guitar and so returned to his acoustic guitar, which he could play sitting down. He also played his harmonica during the three instrumental portions, including the introduction to the song.

"Heart of Gold" was recorded during the initial sessions for Harvest on February 6–8, 1971, at Quadrafonic Sound Studios in Nashville, Tennessee. Ronstadt (who herself would later cover Young's song "Love Is a Rose") and Taylor were in Nashville at the time for an appearance on Johnny Cash's television program, and the album's producer Elliot Mazer arranged for them to sing backup for Young in the studio.

Young played this song in 1971 solo shows before recording it. At a January 19 concert (preserved on Live at Massey Hall 1971, released in 2007) he played it on piano, starting with "A Man Needs a Maid" and then segueing into this song. By the time of Harvest, he had separated the two songs and played "Heart of Gold" on guitar and harmonica.

Young wrote in the liner notes of his 1977 compilation album Decade: "This song put me in the middle of the road. Traveling there soon became a bore so I headed for the ditch. A rougher ride but I saw more interesting people there." This statement was in response to the mainstream popularity that he gained as a result of the number-one status of "Heart of Gold".

Young has stated that this song, as well as "Harvest" and "Out on the Weekend" from the same album, were inspired by his then blossoming love for actress Carrie Snodgress.

In 1985, Bob Dylan said he disliked hearing the song, despite always liking Young: The only time it bothered me that someone sounded like me was when I was living in Phoenix, Arizona, in about '72 and the big song at the time was "Heart of Gold". I used to hate it when it came on the radio. I always liked Neil Young, but it bothered me every time I listened to "Heart of Gold." I think it was up at number one for a long time, and I'd say, "Shit, that's me. If it sounds like me, it should as well be me."

Upon the single release, Record World said that "Dylanesque harmonica and lyric content give this one more of a folk feel than [Young's] most recent work."

Notable covers

 * James Last covered the song in 1972. It reached No. 17 on the Canadian RPM AC charts, December 30, 1972.
 * Boney M covered the song to widespread acclaim on the album Nightflight to Venus, released in 1978
 * A cover by Willie Nelson peaked at No. 44 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart in 1987
 * Roxette covered the song on their MTV Unplugged in 1993
 * Richard Rossi covered the song in the concert film "Live At Graffiti's" in 1994.
 * Bettye LaVette covered the song on her compilation album Souvenirs, released in 2000
 * Black Label Society included a cover of the song on their 2-disc live album Alcohol Fueled Brewtality Live!! +5, released in 2000.
 * Tori Amos covered the song on her album Strange Little Girls, released in 2001
 * Johnny Cash covered the song (with Red Hot Chili Peppers) on his 2003 posthumous box set Unearthed
 * Kacey Musgraves covered the song on her demo album Kacey Musgraves, released in 2007
 * The song is sampled in the 2007 song "Päiväni murmelina" by the Finnish rap duo Jontti & Shaka.
 * James Taylor covered the song live at Young's award ceremony for MusiCares Person of the Year in 2010
 * Superfly covered the song on their 2010 album Wildflower and Cover Songs: Complete Best
 * A cover by Charles Bradley was released in 2011 by Daptone Records
 * Michael Sweet covered the song on his 2014 album I'm Not Your Suicide. An alternate version was released as a video and bonus track featuring Electra Mustaine.
 * Canadian Diana Krall covered the tune on her 12th studio album Wallflower: the complete sessions bonus tracks in 2015.
 * in September 2017, Ruth B performed Neil Young's "Heart of Gold" for his induction into the Canadian Songwriters Hall Of Fame.
 * Passenger covered the song on his covers album Sunday Night Sessions, released in 2017
 * Midnight Shine covered the song with elements of their Indigenous language, Mushkegowuk Cree, on the album High Road, released in 2018
 * Ilsey & Bon Iver released a duet cover in June 2023

Recognition
In 2005, "Heart of Gold" was named the third greatest Canadian song of all time on the CBC Radio One series 50 Tracks: The Canadian Version.

Personnel

 * Neil Young — lead vocals, acoustic guitar, harmonica
 * Teddy Irwin — guitar
 * Ben Keith — pedal steel guitar
 * Tim Drummond — bass
 * Kenny Buttrey — drums
 * James Taylor — backing vocals
 * Linda Ronstadt — backing vocals

title: Heart of Gold (Neil Young song)


text:
User talk:The American College U.S.A

Hi, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions to the coolest online encyclopedia I know of =). I sure hope you stick around; we're always in need of more people to create new articles and improve the ones we already have.  You'll probably find it easiest to start with a tutorial of how the wikipedia works, and you can test stuff for yourself in the sandbox.  When you're contributing, you'll probably find the manual of style to be helpful, and you'll also want to remember a couple important guidelines.  First, write from a neutral point of view, second, be bold in editing pages, and third, use wikiquette.  Those are probably the most important ones, and you can take a look at some others at the policies and guidelines page. You might also be interested in how to write a great article and possibly adding some images to your articles.

Be sure to get involved in the community – you can contact me at my talk page if you have any questions, and you can check out the village pump, where lots of wikipedians hang out and discuss things. If you're looking for something to do, check out the community portal. And whenever you ask a question or post something on a talk page, be sure to sign your name by typing ~~~~.

Again, welcome! It's great to have you. Happy editing! --Spangineer (háblame)  18:38, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)

Your account has been blocked from editing Wikipedia because it appears to be mainly intended or used for promotional purposes. Please read the following carefully.

Because your account was used for promotion of a company, group, product or organization with a username that promotes or implies affiliation with the aforementioned. Wikipedia does not allow any form of spam or other promotion of people, products, companies or other groups (even non-commercial or charitable ones). Using Wikipedia for such purposes will result in the blocking of the account involved. Please read FAQ/Organization and Conflict of interest for our policies about this.
 * Why can't I edit Wikipedia?

In addition, user accounts are for individuals only, not for companies or groups or other collective editing. Your username should reflect this. Usernames that appear to be promotional (such as those that make reference to a company or product) violate our username policy and are typically blocked to enforce that policy.

 * What can I do now?

If you have no interest in writing about some other topic than your organization, group, company, or product, you will not be allowed to edit Wikipedia again. Consider using one of the many websites that allow this instead.

If you do intend to make useful contributions about some other topic, you must convince a Wikipedia administrator that you mean it. To that end, please do the following:

 * Add the text below this message box.
 * Replace the text "Your reason here" with your reason to be unblocked. In this reason, you must:
 * Tell us what new username you want to use. Please make sure that your new username does not violate our username policy and check that it has not already been taken (click here to search).
 * Convince us that you understand the reason for your block and that you will not repeat the edits for which you were blocked.
 * Describe in general terms the contributions that you intend to make if you are unblocked.

If instead you believe that you have been blocked by mistake (i.e., you have not in fact been using Wikipedia for promotional purposes), please write below this message box and replace the text "Your reason here" with the reason why. See also Appealing a block for more information. -- Alexf(talk) 14:56, 30 July 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:The American College U.S.A


text:
User talk:Felagund

HI, I agree to license my contributions under the GFDL- my article was primary_music.

Hi, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions to the coolest online encyclopedia I know of =). I sure hope you stick around; we're always in need of more people to create new articles and improve the ones we already have.  You'll probably find it easiest to start with a tutorial of how the wikipedia works, and you can test stuff for yourself in the sandbox.  When you're contributing, you'll probably find the manual of style to be helpful, and you'll also want to remember a couple important guidelines.  First, write from a neutral point of view, second, be bold in editing pages, and third, use wikiquette.  Those are probably the most important ones, and you can take a look at some others at the policies and guidelines page. You might also be interested in how to write a great article and possibly adding some images to your articles.

Be sure to get involved in the community – you can contact me at my talk page if you have any questions, and you can check out the village pump, where lots of wikipedians hang out and discuss things. If you're looking for something to do, check out the community portal. And whenever you ask a question or post something on a talk page, be sure to sign your name by typing ~~~~.

Again, welcome! It's great to have you. Happy editing! --Spangineer (háblame)  18:38, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)

block in he:
Hi, you blocked my bot on he:. The cookie gets lost when mediawiki reboots - its a know problem, and usually its enough to block the bot for 15 min so that i notice it and force login again. Please unblock ip 66.65.150.103. Thanks! --Yurik 15:37, 14 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Done. Sorry for the late reply - next time contact me in he, it would be quicker. Felagund 12:00, 17 May 2006 (UTC)

Greek to me
Greetings. I just wrote the page Greek to me. I am comparing similar expressions in other languages. I was wondering if you would be able to add the expression in any languages with which you are comfortable. Btw, I just found your page/profile by running a search for users who have a level 4/level 5 ability in non-English languages. Thanks much! samwaltz 05:00, 11 April 2007 (UTC)

Thanks
For the answer. Yes, I saw the "he." on the URL and that's and as I said I thought it was Hebrew. It was just a curiosity. Udonknome (talk) 23:03, 10 March 2008 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 12:49, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Felagund