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Ivvavik National Park

Ivvavik National Park is a national park of Canada located in the Yukon. Initially named "Northern Yukon National Park," the park was renamed Ivvavik in 1992 for the Inuvialuktun word meaning "nursery" or "birthplace," in reference to the importance of the area as a calving ground for Porcupine caribou. Created as a result of the Inuvialuit Final Agreement in 1984, negotiated between the Canadian Government and the Inuvialuit of the Northern Yukon, Ivvavik is the first national park in Canada to be established as a result of an aboriginal land claims agreement. About 100 people visit the park each year.

Geography and climate
Ivvavik contains the British Mountains which run east to west, parallel to the Arctic coast, and merge into the Brooks Range in Alaska. Draining north through the Park from the British Mountains is the Firth River, the oldest river in Canada and considered one of the great rafting rivers of the world. The river starts from year-round aufeis formations at the headwaters and then flows through extensive canyon areas before forming a huge delta as it enters the Beaufort Sea just west of Herschel Island. The first raft descent was by Martyn Williams, Alan Dennis and Jim Boyde. Gold miners have operated on the Firth River and at Sheep Creek until the area became a National Park.

On the south-east, Ivvavik National Park borders Vuntut National Park, established in 1995. Due to land claims negotiations, Vuntut is still quite undeveloped and has no roads or developed trails. Due to its undeveloped nature, several people have gotten lost and are presumed dead.

Ecology
The park contains many cultural sites of continuing importance to the local indigenous people. Protecting a portion of the calving grounds of the caribou herd, the park allows only a minimal number of people to visit per year. On the shore of Beaufort Sea, abundant Yukon wolves, grizzly bears, and black bears inhabit the area. Other animals that inhabit this park include two species of fox, Yukon moose, lemmings, Dall sheep, gyrfalcons, muskoxen, and wolverines. The area around Sheep Creek is the northernmost extension of Dall sheep habitat in Canada. The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge lies just across the border in Alaska. The Firth River holds some of the longest stocks of Dolly Varden char in western Canada.

Activities and access
The most practical way to enter Ivvavik National Park is via charter aircraft from Inuvik, which is 200 km from the park. Activities such as rafting, fishing, wildlife viewing, camping, and hiking are available in the park. Rafting is available in late June to early August and rafting on the Firth River is a popular activity. A permit is required to fish in the park. There is a daily catch and possession limit of one Dolly Varden char with a restriction of three fish total. Camping is allowed in all areas of the park except archaeological sites and the park does not have any marked hiking trails.

title: Ivvavik National Park


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/ZX2C4

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. Golbez 06:49, Jun 18, 2005 (UTC)

ZX2C4
Non-notable vanity FCYTravis 04:16, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Note - Anon creator is now blanking the VFD and removing the notice. --FCYTravis 04:21, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * While ZX2C4 IM might turn into something of note, this article on its creator is vanity. Delete. -- Hoary 04:40, 2005 Jun 11 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity/ad --Xcali 04:41, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity. Leithp 11:13, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Sorry for being such an jerk guys. I made this article and I've been a jerk about it.
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/ZX2C4


text: User talk:65.183.1.88

title: User talk:65.183.1.88


text:
Talk:Danger Mouse (1981 TV series)

Reception/Popularity
This section feels like it's been written by someone who's only intent is to diminish danger mouse. I feel the person either doesn't like the cartoon or wasn't even alive at the time. For example, what has the all time popularity of characters on Channel 4 have to do with how popular danger mouse was at the time of it's showing? Absolutely none that's what, the Simpsons also used in this section to imply danger mouse wasn't that popular wasn't even airing at the time the original danger mouse series was, so mentioning the simpsons is irrelevant to any context. Now I don't know the actual figures of the shows popularity in terms of how many viewers it had, but I see absolutely no relevance or need to the "debunking" of the 21 million figure here, just state what the believed figures were in an objective assessment, rather than what appears to be a somewhat hate filled anti danger mouse section filled with strawman irrelevances. 94.175.102.211 (talk) 10:55, 30 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Danger Mouse (1981 TV series)


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Symphony OS

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP. Golbez 06:54, Jun 18, 2005 (UTC)

Symphony OS
Advertising. See Administrators' noticeboard/Incidents RickK 04:17, Jun 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * Note: the VfD tag was removed on 12:39, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC) and readded 16:42, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC). --cesarb 16:44, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep but cleanup: Delete the section about "Promotion Efforts". That is obviously the problem people have with this article, but it's ridiculous! Take it out and get over it people! Move on! --TomatoBob 17:50, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep: Biggest problem with this is that it's in the middle of a revert/edit war.  Clearly notable, as I noted on the talk page.  Subject of a recent slashdot article Wikibofh 04:39, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep if cleaned up and NPOVed. It was the subject of a Slashdot article because its creator used it to advertise. --FCYTravis 04:52, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep: It mayhave PoV issues, but it's a real system with news about it, so certainly there should be a Wikipedia entry on it. —BenFrantzDale 05:24, Jun 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unless somebody creates at least a stub on Clay Shirky before this discussion is closed. If the Shirky article is created by then, disregard this vote. --Michael Snow 05:31, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep - The problem is with the content of the article, not the article itself. Just make it better and less advertising gren 05:36, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep' if cleaned up. Some notability. JamesBurns 05:43, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep bceause it's got some good info on the distro Trenchcoatjedi
 * Keep' so long as it is maintained as an encyclopedic entry, not something resembling a press release. --mtz206 12:20, Jun 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep There's no reason to delete this article. It is a perfectly legitimate article. I am going to remove this VFD check since it was completely superfluous. There is a clear consensus here about keeping it. No need to waste our time. EliasAlucard|Talk 14:45, 11 Jun, 2005 (UTC)
 * Elias, it's not up to you to decide whether a VfD is superfluous or not. Please let the Wikipedia community have its say first. -- ChrisO 13:08, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Why is this a VfD? Can you give me one good reason for that? Every Linux distro has its own article on Wikipedia. Why should this one not have it? Realise that it is not justifiable to delete it. EliasAlucard|Talk 15:21, 11 Jun, 2005 (UTC)
 * It looks like most people agree with you. If you wait and let this process run its course, it will be a sign of strength for the article. DenisMoskowitz 14:08, 2005 Jun 11 (UTC)
 * Keep it seems to be notable. DenisMoskowitz 14:08, 2005 Jun 11 (UTC)
 * Keep but cleanup Aecis 15:23, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Are we going to create articles on every little splinter the Linux community creates? This thing was just released as alpha software.  I can't see how that makes it notable. --Xcali 17:02, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * It will most likely cease to be alpha software, and when that happens, it will be notable enough to be worthy of a Wikipedia entry. EliasAlucard|Talk 19:34, 11 Jun, 2005 (UTC)
 * Strictly speaking, that's a reason to vote against it - Wikipedia is not a crystal ball. If it's not notable until later, it should not have an article until later.  (Note that I think it's notable now.)DenisMoskowitz 02:24, 2005 Jun 12 (UTC)
 * Keep there's nothing wrong with this article.
 * Anonymous user, this is their only edit.DenisMoskowitz 02:24, 2005 Jun 12 (UTC)
 * Keep SymphonyOS really exists, and so merits a page. I think this is more an 'edit for NPOV' problem. Clay Shirky
 * Keep page; take up a collection to send EliasAlucard to an anger-management course. --134.244.168.222 18:47, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: EliasAlucard seems to have removed the vfd template from the page. --Dcfleck 12:58, 2005 Jun 14 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


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Tuktut Nogait National Park

Tuktut Nogait National Park is a national park located in the Northwest Territories of Canada that was established in 1998. Meaning "young caribou" in Inuvialuktun, the park is home to the calving grounds of the Bluenose-West caribou herd.

It is also the home to other wildlife species which are muskoxen, grizzly bears, Arctic chars, red foxes, wolverines, Arctic ground squirrels, collared lemmings, and Arctic wolves. Tuktut Nogait is a major breeding and nesting ground for a wide variety of migratory birds. Raptors such as peregrine falcons, rough-legged hawks, gyr falcons and golden eagles nest along the steep walls of river canyons.

The Dolphin-Union Caribou herd which normally occupies Victoria Island and winters in the Bathurst area of Nunavut, sometimes migrates as far as Tuktut Nogait National Park following the shoreline in search of windswept areas where the snow cover is cleared making it easier for them to graze.

The park encompasses over 18,000 km2 and is located 170 km north of the Arctic Circle in the northeast corner of mainland Northwest Territories.

The main rivers that run through the park are the Hornaday River, Brock River and Roscoe River.

Humans have occupied Tuktut Nogait since AD 1000 and recent surveys have identified over 400 archaeological sites in the park, including remnants of campsites, food caches, graves, and kayak rests. The oldest known archaeological sites are most likely Thule or Copper Inuit ranging from AD 1200 to 1500.

Father Émile Petitot was the first European to reach the area in 1867-68. In 1930, the Hudson's Bay Company established an outpost at Letty Harbour but the post was closed in 1937 due to insufficient trade. In 1935, a Roman Catholic Mission was located at Paulatuk and operated a small trading post there until 1954. The Inuit who came to Paulatuk and the Darnley Bay area were primarily Mackenzie and Alaskan Inuit from the west. In 1955, most people abandoned the Paulatuk mission and moved to Cape Parry where a Distant Early Warning (DEW) line site was being built, which meant seasonal construction and permanent wage labour work.

As is outlined in the Inuvialuit Final Agreement and the Tuktut Nogait Agreement, Inuvialuit beneficiaries have the right to pursue subsistence harvesting within the park. Currently, this takes place in the north-western part of the park and mostly entails fishing Arctic char, hunting caribou, and some trapping. By federal national parks legislation, commercial or sport hunting is not permitted.

Current park initiatives include establishing a base camp facility at Uyarsivik Lake to support ecological integrity and cultural resource monitoring, visitor opportunities, management meetings and youth outreach; developing a cultural resource strategy; and updating interpretive materials such as the Hornaday River guide.

There are four barren-ground caribou herds in the Northwest Territories—Cape Bathurst, Bluenose West, Bluenose East and Bathurst caribou herd. The Bluenose East caribou herd began a recovery with a population of approximately 122,000 in 2010, which is being credited to the establishment of Tuktut Nogait National Park. According to T. Davison 2010, CARMA 2011, the three other herds "declined 84-93% from peak sizes in the mid-1980s and 1990s.

title: Tuktut Nogait National Park


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Third-party beneficiary

A third-party beneficiary, in the law of contracts, is a person who may have the right to sue on a contract, despite not having originally been an active party to the contract. This right, known as a ius quaesitum tertio, arises when the third party (tertius or alteri) is the intended beneficiary of the contract, as opposed to a mere incidental beneficiary (penitus extraneus). It vests when the third party relies on or assents to the relationship, and gives the third party the right to sue either the promisor (promittens, or performing party) or the promisee (stipulans, or anchor party) of the contract, depending on the circumstances under which the relationship was created.

A contract made in favor of a third party is known as a "third-party beneficiary contract." Under traditional common law, the ius quaesitum tertio principle was not recognized, instead relying on the doctrine of privity of contract, which restricts rights, obligations, and liabilities arising from a contract to the contracting parties (said to be privy to the contract). However, the Contracts (Rights of Third Parties) Act 1999 introduced a number of allowances and exceptions for ius quaesitum tertio in English law. Other common-law countries are also making reforms in this area, though the United States is unique in abandoning privity early in the mid-19th century.

Ius quaesitum tertio
While the law on this subject varies, there is nonetheless a commonly accepted construction of third-party rights in the laws of most countries. A right of action arises only when it appears the object of the contract was to benefit the third party's interests and the third-party beneficiary has either relied on or accepted the benefit. A promisee nominates a third party usually for one of two reasons—either the promisee owes something to the third party and the performance of this new obligation will discharge it, or the promisee will somehow get a material benefit by giving something to the third party.

There are also two possible ways to explain the functioning of the contractual relationship: either, In either case, a third-party contract differs from agency in that the promisee acts in his own name and for himself, whereas an agent or representative does not. It is also distinguishable from a promesse de porte-fort under which the third party has a negative obligation to perform and, by expressing his consent, initially substitutes himself for an intended party to a contract and therefore binds himself. Also, as a somewhat distinct rule, the intended beneficiary of a third-party contract does not need to be in existence at the time the contract is concluded. This means a contract may benefit an unborn person (usually a family member) or secure benefits for a legal person, such as a company, still in the process of forming or registering.
 * The parties A (promisee) and B (promisor) contract each in his own name but with the intention of creating an opportunity for C (third-party beneficiary) to acquire a benefit, conditional upon acceptance, from B; or
 * C immediately acquires a conditional right, from which A is able to release B until the moment of acceptance, when the right of A to release B is extinguished.

Object to benefit
For third-party rights to come into existence, certain contractual criteria must be met to show an object to benefit:
 * A valid contract must exist between two contracting parties and not some other relationship
 * The contracting parties must have intended to confer a benefit, and not a simple interest, to a third party, either expressly or impliedly
 * The third-party beneficiary must be named or referred to, or is a member of a distinct class referred to
 * The intention to benefit must generally be irrevocable (though a life insurance policy is an exception)
 * Some intimation to the third party of the contract's existence

Irrevocability
To be enforceable, a ius quaesitum tertio must be irrevocable. This is established by any of the following:
 * Delivery of the contract to the third party
 * Registration for publication
 * Intimation to the third party
 * The third party coming under onerous obligations on the faith of having a ius quaesitum tertio
 * Evidence that the third party knew of the provision intended for his or her benefit

Acceptance
A third-party beneficiary only acquires a right of action to enforce his benefit once he has accepted the benefit provided for in the contract. Under the South African interpretation, however, prior to formal acceptance of the benefit, the third-party beneficiary only has a spes, or expectation; in other words, he does not have the right to accept, but rather a mere competency. Acceptance may also be a suspensive condition in certain contracts. Under Scots law, acceptance is not necessary to be vested in a right of action, but is necessary to be liable. Before acceptance, however, the ius quaesitum tertio is tenuous so that acceptance of a benefit does not create a right, but rather entrenches that right. In either case, the contracting parties may vary or rescind the contract until acceptance or reliance.

Intended v. incidental beneficiary
In order for a third party beneficiary to have any rights under the contract, he must be an intended beneficiary, as opposed to an incidental beneficiary. The burden is on the third party to plead and prove that he was indeed an intended beneficiary.

Incidental beneficiary
An incidental beneficiary is a party who stands to benefit from the execution of the contract, although that was not the intent of either contracting party. For example, if Andrew hires Bethany to renovate his house and insists that she use a specific house painter, Charlie, because he has an excellent reputation, then Charlie is an incidental beneficiary. Neither Andrew nor Bethany is entering into the contract with the particular intent to benefit Charlie. Andrew simply wants his house properly renovated; Bethany simply wants to be paid to do the renovation. If the contract is breached by either party in a way that results in Charlie never being hired for the job, Charlie nonetheless has no rights to recover anything under the contract. Similarly, if Andrew were to promise to buy Bethany a Cadillac, and were to later go back on that promise, General Motors would have no grounds upon which to recover for the lost sale.

Intended beneficiary
The distinction that creates an intended beneficiary is that one party—the "promisee"—makes an agreement to provide some consideration to a second party—the "promisor"—in exchange for the promisor's agreement to provide some product or service to the third-party beneficiary named in the contract. The promisee must have an intention to benefit the third party (though this requirement has an unusual meaning under the law). Although there is a presumption that the promisor intends to promote the interests of the third party in this way, if Andrew contracts with Bethany to have a thousand killer bees delivered to the home of Andrew's worst enemy Charlie, then Charlie is still considered to be the intended beneficiary of that contract. (This would be illegal if the intent was to scare his enemy; contracts are voided based on criminality.)

There are two common situations involving intended beneficiaries:
 * Creditor beneficiary – e.g., when Andrew owes some debt to Charlie, and Andrew agrees to provide some consideration to Bethany in exchange for her promise to pay Charlie some of the debt
 * Donee beneficiary – e.g., when Andrew wishes to make a gift to Charlie and Andrew agrees to provide some consideration to Bethany in exchange for her promise to pay Charlie the amount of the gift. Under old common law principles, the donee beneficiary actually had a greater claim to the benefits this created, but such distinctions have been abolished.

Vesting of rights
Once the beneficiary's rights have vested, the original parties to the contract are both bound to perform the contract. Any efforts by the promisor or the promisee to rescind or modify the contract at that point are void. Indeed, if the promisee changed his mind and offered to pay the promisor money not to perform, the third party could sue the promisee for tortious interference with the third party's contract rights.

There are four ways to determine whether the third party beneficiary's rights have vested:
 * 1) If the beneficiary knows of and has detrimentally relied on the rights created;
 * 2) If the beneficiary expressly assented to the contract at the request of one of the parties;
 * 3) If the beneficiary files a lawsuit to enforce the contract; or
 * 4) If the beneficiary's rights vest pursuant to an express term in the contract providing for such vesting.

Breach and defenses
Where a contract for the benefit of a third party is breached by the non-performance of the promisor, the beneficiary can sue the promisor for the breach just as any party to a contract can sue the other. Because the rights of the third party are defined by the contract created between the promisor and the promisee, the promisor may assert against the beneficiary any defenses to the contract that could be asserted against the promisee. These include all of the traditional basis by which the formation of a contract may be challenged (e.g., lack of capacity, lack of consideration, the statute of frauds) and all of the traditional bases by which non-performance on the contract may be excused (e.g., failure of consideration, impossibility, illegality, frustration of purpose).

Because the promisor can assert any defenses that could be asserted against the promisee, the beneficiary also becomes liable for counterclaims on the contract that the promisor could establish against the promisee. This liability can never exceed the amount that the promisor owes under the contract. In other words, if the promisor is owed money by the promisee, any award to the third party for the promisor's failure to perform can be reduced by the amount thus owed. If the promisor is owed more than the value of the contract, the beneficiary's recovery will be reduced to nothing (but the third party can never be made to assume an actual debt).

A creditor beneficiary can sue both the promisor and the promisee, but the beneficiary cannot recover against both. If the suit is successful against one party to the contract, the other party will be dismissed. Because the creditor beneficiary is receiving the performance of the promisor in order to fulfill the promisee's debt, the failure of the promisor to perform means that the beneficiary can still sue the promisee to recover the preexisting debt. The failure of performance simply means that the debt has never been paid.

A donee beneficiary can sue the promisor directly to enforce the promise. (Seaver v. Ransom, 224 NY 233, 120 NE 639 [1918]). A donee beneficiary is when a contract is made expressly for giving a gift to a third party, the third party is known as the donee beneficiary. The most common donee beneficiary contract is a life insurance policy.

In the United States, the Restatement (Second) of Contracts, Chapter 6, Sections 133-147, covers third-party beneficiaries.

Rights that accrue to the promisee
The promisee can also sue the promisor for failing to pay the third party beneficiary. Under the common law, such suits were barred, but courts have since determined that the promisee can sue for specific performance of the contract, provided that the beneficiary has not already sued the promisor. Furthermore, if the promisee was in debt to a creditor beneficiary, and the failure of the promisor to perform caused the promisee to be held liable for that debt, the promisee can sue to recover the amount of the debt.

Case law
Lawrence v. Fox, 1859, decided in the New York Court of Appeals allows a third-party to sue for debt collection.

title: Third-party beneficiary


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Maskarade

Maskarade (Masquerade) is an opera in three acts by Carl Nielsen to a Danish libretto by Vilhelm Andersen, based on the comedy by Ludvig Holberg. It was first performed on 11 November 1906 at Royal Danish Theatre, Copenhagen. Maskarade has enjoyed enduring popularity in Denmark where it is considered to be the country's national opera.

Background and performance history
Nielsen first considered writing an opera based on Holberg's play Maskarade around the turn of the 20th century. He contacted Vilhelm Andersen (1864–1953) whom he knew from his student days, hoping to persuade him to write a libretto. Andersen initially refused but finally agreed, allowing Nielsen to start composing in May 1904. The Royal Theatre scheduled the opera even before it was finished. In fact, Nielsen completed the overture only on 3 November, a week before the opera's premiere. The world premiere of Maskarade took place at Royal Danish Theatre in Copenhagen on 11 November 1906. It was a resounding success from the start with an exceptional run of 25 performances over its first four months. Reviews in the press were however mixed, the consensus being that the first act was the best, the second was rather weak and the third lacked theatrical clarity although the music was brilliant. Announcement of plans to turn Holberg's classical comedy into an opera buffa had met with dismay in Danish literary circles, but the opera was immediately popular, more so than the play itself. Now considered to be Denmark's national opera, it has enjoyed lasting success in the country, attributable to its many strophic songs, its dances and its underlying "old Copenhagen" atmosphere. In 2006, Denmark's Ministry of Culture named it one of Denmark's twelve greatest musical works.

The opera did not premiere in the United States until 1972 when it was performed by the St. Paul Opera in Minnesota with conductor Igor Buketoff, Mary Beth Peil as Leonora, and Clinton Ware as Leander. The first reported New York performance was by the Bronx Opera Company in 1983. It was performed in the US again in 2014, when it had its Chicago premiere on 18 January at the Vittum Theater performed by the Vox3 Collective. Maskarade received a major international revival in 2005 in a new production by David Pountney which was performed at the Bregenz Festival in August of that year and travelled to the Royal Opera House the following month for its first performance by the company. The opera had been previously performed in the UK at London's Morley College in 1983 and in Leeds by Opera North in 1990.

Despite its popularity in his home country, Nielsen was not entirely satisfied with the work, citing structural weakness in the final two acts; but he never got around to revising the work. The overture and the ballet from the third act ("Dance of the Cockerels") are performed frequently, as noted by the Carl Nielsen Society, which states that the overture is one of Nielsen's most widely performed works at concerts in Europe and North America.

Synopsis

 * Time: Spring 1723
 * Place: Copenhagen

The story revolves around Leander and Leonora, two young people who meet fortuitously at a masquerade ball, swear their undying love for each other and exchange rings. The following day, Leander tells his valet Henrik of his newfound love. He becomes distraught when reminded by Henrik that his parents have betrothed him in marriage to Leonora, the daughter of Leonard from remote Slagelse. Things get complicated when Leonard himself, whose daughter Leonora is the other part of this arrangement, comes complaining to Leander's father that Leonora is in love with someone she met at the masquerade the previous night. In the third act, all is resolved when the various parties slip off to the night's masquerade, where all is revealed to everyone's mutual satisfaction.

Commemorative performances
As part of the celebrations of the 150th anniversary of Carl Nielsen's birth, the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen staged eleven well-received performances of Maskarade from March to May 2015. The Royal Danish Opera's schedule for 2015 includes performances of a chamber version of the opera in three other locations in Denmark from mid-July to early September. The Maskarade overture has been included in the first night of Britain's BBC Proms on 17 July 2015.

Recordings

 * Grondahl (conductor), on Danacord, 1954
 * Frandsen (conductor), on Unicorn, 1977
 * Schirmer (conductor), on Decca, Recorded 1996, 1998
 * Schirmer (conductor), video from Bregenz on Capriccio, 2005
 * Schønwandt (conductor), video from Copenhagen on Dacapo, 2006

title: Maskarade


text:
Talk:Willie Wolfe

On 25 May 2005, this article was nominated for deletion. See Votes for deletion/Willie Wolf for a record of the discussion. Rossami (talk) 04:21, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Willie Wolfe


text:
Sanyo Electric Railway

The Sanyo Electric Railway Company, Ltd. (山陽電気鉄道株式会社) is a Japanese private railway operating company based in western Hyōgo Prefecture. It runs local and express rail service between Himeji and Kobe, and also connects directly with Hanshin Main Line to Osaka.

Although the Hanshin Electric Railway Co. (which owns the Hanshin Main Line) is its largest shareholder, the company is not a member of the Hankyu Hanshin Toho Group.

Train lines

 * Main Line: Nishidai Station (Kobe) - Shikama Station - Sanyo Himeji Station (54.7 km)
 * Aboshi Line: Shikama Station - Sanyo Aboshi Station (8.5 km)

Rolling stock
, the company owns and operates the following train types.

 * 3000 series three- and four-car EMUs
 * 5000 series four- and six-car EMUs
 * 5030 series six-car EMUs
 * 6000 series three-car EMUs (since April 2016)

New three-car 6000 series EMUs were introduced on 27 April 2016.

Buses
Sanyo also operates bus service in Kobe (mainly Tarumi-ku) and Akashi.

Aerial lift

 * Sumaura Ropeway

title: Sanyo Electric Railway


text: Category:Operas by Carl Nielsen

title: Category:Operas by Carl Nielsen


text:
Category:Danish-language operas

Operas in the Danish language

title: Category:Danish-language operas


text:
Riding Mountain National Park

Riding Mountain National Park is a national park in Manitoba, Canada. The park is located within Treaty 2 Territory and sits atop the Manitoba Escarpment. Consisting of a protected area 2969 km2, the forested parkland stands in sharp contrast to the surrounding prairie farmland. It was designated a national park because it protects three different ecosystems that converge in the area; grasslands, upland boreal and eastern deciduous forests. It is most easily reached by Highway 10 which passes through the park. The south entrance is at the townsite of Wasagaming, which is the only commercial centre within the park boundaries.

Indigenous peoples
For several thousand years, First Nations peoples have lived in the region. It has been home to the Cree, the Assiniboines, and later to the Ojibwe. The Ojibway still live in the area today.

The Okanese Band, now called the Keeseekoowenin Ojibway First Nation, lived in the area around Wasagaming, in the valley of the Little Saskatchewan River. The band hunted and fished on the land surrounding Clear Lake. They also used the land south-west of the mountain for the buffalo chase and making of pemmican.

Fur Trade and European Explorers
A trading post was first established on Lake Dauphin north of present-day Riding Mountain National Park by the Hudson Bay Company in 1741. Pierre de la Verendrye and sons explored the region and traded with First Nations, who hunted and fished in the area for many years. The Ojibway participated in the fur trade at Riding Mountain House and Fort Ellice. The Hudson's Bay Company established Riding Mountain House for trading with the Ojibwe people led by Chief Okanase and then by Chief Keeseekoowenin. After Chief Okanese's death in 1870, his son Mekis became chief. In 1871, Mekis signed Treaty Number 2.

In 1858 Henry Youle Hind, a professor of Biology and Chemistry at the University of Toronto, became one of the first Canadian explorers to reach the area now encompassed by Riding Mountain National Park during his surveying of present-day Manitoba and Saskatchewan, with the aid of several assistants and First Nations peoples.

Park creation
In 1895, 3975 km2 of land in Riding Mountain was designated as a timber reserve by the Department of the Interior. The Dominion Forest Reserve Act, passed in 1906, and the Dominion Forest Reserve and Parks Act, passed in 1911, were among the first legally binding protection of the area. In 1906 the superintendent of forestry monitored permits for cutting timber, which were issued only to settlers of the region.

On October 27, 1927, a meeting of representatives from the surrounding communities were called to the Court House in Neepawa, Manitoba to discuss a proposal to designate the Riding Mountain Forest Reserve a national park. Led by J. N. McFadden, the meeting aimed to highlight to residents the differences between a forest reserve and national park. Although some wanted a national park to be located in the Whiteshell, a majority voted in favour of locating it in Riding Mountain. As a consequence of designating the area a national park, logging operations were halted.

The forest reserve was set aside as a national park in 1929, officially declared Riding Mountain National Park on May 30, 1933. The park opened to visitors on July 26 of that year, with Manitoba Lieutenant-Governor James D. McGregor unveiling a cairn and giving a speech at a dedication ceremony. In attendance were Manitoba Premier John Bracken, Minister of Natural Resources J. S. McDiarmid, and Thomas G. Murphy, Minister of the Interior. The Clear Lake site was designated Wasagaming. Much of the public infrastructure in Riding Mountain National Park was created during the 1930s by labourers participating in Canada's Great Depression relief programs. Ten relief camps were supervised by James Wardle. Funding for these relief programs was provided by the 1930 Unemployment Relief Act and the 1934 Public Works Construction Act. In 1932 most relief workers were British and over half were from Winnipeg. At this time the $1 1/2$-storey interpretive centre and several other buildings were built of log, many featuring a rustic architectural style. A lot of this early construction survives.

In 1936, the Keeseekoowenin Ojibway Band was forced to leave the park area. The Department of Indian Affairs agreed because living in the rich wilderness was contrary to its concept of assimilation through farm labor. The Keeseekoowenin were forced to watch as park employees burned their homes.

Grey Owl

In the early days of Riding Mountain National Park, Parks Branch Commissioner James Harkin offered Archibald Belaney (September 18, 1888 – April 13, 1938) a job in the region. Belaney, who adopted the name Grey Owl when he took upon a First Nations identity as an adult, was a writer and became one of Canada's first conservationists. On April 17, 1931, Grey Owl arrived with his two beavers at a secluded lake several kilometres north of Wasagaming which had been selected by the park staff. He spent six months living in a cabin in Riding Mountain National park studying and working with wildlife, including two beavers named Jelly Roll and Rawhide. His main goal in the park was to re-establish beaver colonies in areas where they were exterminated. Riding Mountain National Park was found to be an unsuitable habitat for the beavers, as a summer drought resulted in the lake water level sinking, and becoming stagnant. Both the beavers and Belaney were unhappy with the situation, causing Belaney to search, with the support of the Dominion Parks Branch, for better living conditions. He later relocated to Prince Albert National Park, where there was a greater sized waterway and a lower risk of the lakes freezing to the bottom in the winter. Despite his eventual departure, the park now has an abundant beaver population partially because of his efforts. His former living quarters, now known as "Grey Owl's Cabin", are reachable via a park trail.

Whitewater POW Camp
During World War II Riding Mountain National Park was home to the Whitewater labour camp for German prisoners-of-war. Operating from 1943 to 1945, the camp was built on the northeast shore of Whitewater Lake, approximately 300 kilometres (190 mi) north-west of Winnipeg. The camp consisted of fifteen buildings and housed 440 to 450 prisoners of war. The decision to have a prisoner of war labour project in Riding Mountain National Park was the result of a fuelwood shortage in the winter of 1942 and 1943. To free up men for the war effort it was decided that prisoners of war would be employed. Following the end of the war and the achievement of a fuelwood surplus, the camp closed in late 1945. In 1945 an advertisement appeared in the Tribune soliciting the sale of the government-owned buildings. The camp has since been dismantled.

Land Claims Settlement
In 1896, land adjacent to Clear Lake known as IR 61A was given to the Keeseekoowenin Ojibway First Nation by the Canadian government to protect from encroaching settlement. In 1935, this land was expropriated by the government for the creation of the park. The government evicted Ojibway who were living on the land from within the park boundary and forcibly removed them to the main reserve, IR 61, which was outside of the park boundary. In the Report On The Mediation Of The Keeseekoowenin First Nation 1906  Land Claim Negotiation a study by Stuart Davies of North/South Consultants Inc. is referenced to describe the experience of elders who were evicted. Elders accounts stated that their houses were burnt to the ground and that undue force was used during the eviction. Davies noted that "Several Elders stated that  one woman died of a heart attack during  the eviction". In 1994 after the resolution of a specific land claim with The Department of Indian and Northern Affairs Canada, the land was returned to the Keeseekoowenin First Nation and a settlement of $4.9 million dollars was made under the Specific Claims Policy.

In a separate claim case, the construction of a rail line in 1904 through the main reserve, IR 61, by Canadian National (CN), permanently cut off a section of land from IR 61. The First Nation voluntarily surrendered this portion of land so the government could sell it, with an understanding that the proceeds would be used to purchase another piece of land adjacent to the existing IR 61A reservation. While the affected piece of land from IR 61 was surrendered and sold, and the land adjacent to IR 61A was purchased by the government, it was not added officially to the IR 61A reserve. A settlement in 2005 provided compensation for the lost use of the land, providing $6,999,900 in monetary compensation, and returned the land to the First Nation.

Later years
In 1965 the Winnipeg Tribune reported half a million visitors were entering the park annually. In 1970 Queen Elizabeth II, Prince Philip, Prince Charles and Princess Anne visited the park during their tour of Manitoba. In 1983 on the fiftieth anniversary of the park's opening a monument was erected south of the interpretive centre. In the 1990s land removed from the Keeseekoowenin Objiway First Nation in 1930 by the Department of the Interior was returned to them after a land claim. In 2013, Riding Mountain National Park celebrated the 80th anniversary of the creation and opening of the park. It was the first National Park in Manitoba, and one of the first in western Canada. Anniversary celebrations included a re-enactment of the official park opening ceremony, along with year-long arts, culture and wildlife programs.

Geography
Riding Mountain National Park rises more than 457 m over the surrounding Manitoba farmland. Riding Mountain is the highest point in the region, bordered by the Manitoba Escarpment in the east, the Valley River and Wilson River in the North, and a valley in the west. Further to the west is the Saskatchewan Plain.

Riding Mountain Biosphere Reserve covers 15,000 square kilometers of land in South-western Manitoba, with the core area, Riding Mountain National Park (RMNP), covering nearly 3,000 square kilometers. It is some 300 km northwest of Winnipeg, Manitoba. The local climate is cool and moist due to a higher elevation than the surrounding area. Due to these unique conditions, several different ecosystems are present in the vicinity of the park, including the deciduous forest, boreal forest, and grassland.

Geology
During the last ice age most of the vegetation in the Riding Mountain region was eliminated, and it remained this way after the retreat of the glaciers 12,500 years ago. The Riding Mountain upland and surrounding plains and Manitoba Escarpment were mostly carved in the Tertiary era, but the ice sheets of the Pleistocene period modified the drainage and appearance of the land. Only the movement of the last ice sheet in this period left a visible effect on the features of the region. About 11,500 years ago a spruce dominated forest began to emerge in its place, with some of the vegetation being ash, juniper, sedges, buffaloberry, and trembling aspen. After this time the climate was dry, and the percentage of spruce decreased. During the Holocene climatic optimum up until 6500 years ago the amount of herbs, shrubs and grasses in the park increased. At the end of this time beaked hazelnut appeared and the amount of bur oak increased, with the climate becoming cooler and moister. Up to 2,500 years ago the amount of grassland species in general decreased and boreal forests migrated into the Riding Mountain region. It was at this moment that ecosystems began to resemble those of today, with species such as tamarack, fir, alder, pine and spruce becoming more common. Several streams that run through the park have headwaters in Riding Mountain's lakes. Clear Lake's water comes from underground springs rather than from streams.

Climate
The climate in the Riding Mountain region is similar to that of other regions of southwestern Manitoba. Under the Köppen classification it has a continental climate. It includes grasslands, upland boreal and eastern deciduous forest ecosystems. The park has hot summers and cold winters, with annual rainfall ranging from 40.6 to 50.8 cm. Around 80 percent of rainfall occurs between the months of April and October, with June being the wettest month of the year. The increased precipitation during the summer months is due to the large number of lakes and wetlands within the region as well as turbulence caused by the surrounding Manitoba escarpment. During the winter at an elevation of about 732 meters the mean snowfall is 127 centimetres. At a lower altitude of about 335 meters the snowfall drops to 25.4 centimetres. The town site Wasagaming has an average July temperature of 16.5 °C and an average January temperature of -19.7 °C. In general there is a lower amount of humid days within the park than in the surrounding prairie region. Wasagaming has lighter winds than the rest of the park due to the surrounding forest cover.

Fauna
Elk, porcupines, coyotes, western moose, timber wolves, beavers, lynxes, white-tailed deer, snowshoe hares, and cougars are among the animals that roam around this park. Common loons and Canada geese are some of Clear Lake's bird inhabitants. In total there have been 233 bird species observed by visitors in this park. The park also boasts one of the largest populations of black bears in North America. The black bear is one of sixty species of mammals inhabiting the forest within this park.

The Lake Audy Bison Enclosure has a herd of about forty bison. Twenty bison were originally reintroduced from Alberta in 1931. Freshwater lakes within the park including Clear Lake, Lake Audy, Moon Lake and Whirlpool Lake among others. Walleye, white fish and perch are found in Clear Lake, and a limited number of rainbow and brook trout can be found in Lake Katherine and Deep Lake.

Flora
Riding Mountain National Park is also well known for its wildflowers and wide range of unique vegetation, most of which is not seen anywhere else in the prairie regions of Canada. There are 669 species of plants in the park. Vegetation common to the region includes aspen poplar, balsam poplar, white birch or paper birch, white spruce, balsam fir, jack pine, black spruce, tamarack, American elm, Manitoba maple, and bur oak.

Tourism
Riding Mountain National Park is accessible by car and bus from two municipalities. Dauphin lies 13 kilometres to the north and Brandon lies 95 kilometres to the south, connected by Manitoba Highway 10 with Wasagaming. Both of these cities have commercial airports, as does the community of Erickson. Manitoba Highway 19 enters the park through the escarpment region from the east. A permit is needed to enter Riding Mountain National Park by vehicle, and can be purchased at the park gates. In 1992 the East Entrance was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in recognition of its historic and rustic architectural design. The gate was designed by Canadian architect Shamus Marshall.

Cultural events
Community events held in Wasagaming include the Riding Mountain National Park Film Festival and an annual LGBTQ Pride weekend.

Trails
Riding Mountain National Park has over 400 km of trails, with surfaces ranging from being grassy to gravelled. Backpacking trails include Ochre River Trail, South Escarpment Trail, and the Tilson Lake Trail. The Central, Baldy Lake and Strathclair trails are easy cycling trails while the Packhorse, Jet and Baldy Hill trails are more difficult On most back-country trails horse use is allowed, equipment being provided by local outfitters. During the winter months trails are open to cross-country skiing, which are not patrolled daily.

Activities
Lakes suitable for swimming include Clear Lake, Lake Katherine, Lake Audy and Moon Lake. Most of the other lakes in the park have muddy bottoms, so swimming is difficult but possible.

Wasagaming campground is a full service campground located near the Wasagaming townsite and Clear Lake. All sites in the Wasagaming campground contain a fire box, picnic table, and access to washrooms at the unserviced camp sites, and full service sites are equipped with all modern amenities including sewer, electricity, water, picnic table, and fire box. Other campgrounds suitable for car camping are located at Lake Audy, Moon Lake and Deep Lake.

Tent camping is available at all campgrounds within the park. Whirlpool Lake campground is designated as a tenting only campground. There are also 22 wilderness campsites located in the back country of the park. These sites are equipped with firewood, pit privies, picnic tables and food storage containers.

There are 15 picnic sites in the park, usually along major roads and trails, such as Wasgaming, Lake Audy, and Moon Lake. These sites are equipped with barbecue pits, pit privies, and most have access to drinking water.

Clear Lake Golf Course is within park boundaries along the shores of Clear Lake. The course has received recognition in several North American golf publications. There are six professional tennis courts in the park at the Wasagaming townsite.

National Park
Riding Mountain National Park is managed by the Parks Canada Agency, a branch of the Government of Canada. Over the years an increased emphasis was placed on wilderness conservation and commercial expansion within Riding Mountain National Park was limited. Any construction in the park is subject to an environmental impact assessment under the Impact Assessment Act. Ongoing research in the park is done concerning predator and ungulate populations, endangered species and invasive species, the water basin, fire reintroduction, and grassland ecology.

Motorized boating is permitted on Clear Lake and Lake Audy. Moon Lake can also be used for boating though equipment must be carried 300 metres. On Whirlpool Lake, Deep Lake, Lake Katherine, and back-country lakes, only non-motorized boats can be used. All personal water crafts are banned within Riding Mountain National Park. Only four-stroke and direct injected two-stroke equipped motor boats are permitted on Clear Lake. Boats equipped with other motors are not permitted to use the lake for environmental reasons. The ban is enforced by Parks Canada and the RCMP. Canoeing and kayaking are permitted in the park.

Ice fishing is allowed on Clear Lake during the winter months. Snowmobiling is allowed on Clear Lake for the aforementioned activity only.

All watercraft within the park must undergo inspection for aquatic invasive species. Of particular concern within Riding Mountain National Park is preventing the introduction of zebra mussels to Clear Lake.

Biosphere reserve
In 1986 the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) designated Riding Mountain National Park and the surrounding area Riding Mountain Biosphere Reserve, as part of its Man and the Biosphere Programme. A non-profit volunteer organization was created and is managed by representatives from the surrounding area. Eleven communities participated in a consultation process via The Riding Mountain Liaison Committee (RMNLC) prior to the UNESCO designation. Upon establishment, the Biosphere Reserve included 18 municipalities, several of which were merged in 2015 as a result of the Manitoba Municipal Amalgamation Act enacted in 2013 by the Manitoba provincial government. A Biosphere Reserve Management Committee (BRMC) was created to oversee the area. Biosphere Reserve land outside of Riding Mountain National Park is both privately and publicly owned and managed.

Indigenous Partnership
In 1998 the Senior Officials Forum Agreement between Keeseekoowenin Ojibway First Nation and Parks Canada Agency was signed. The Coalition of First Nations with Interest in Riding Mountain National Park was established later for dialogue with all First Nations adjacent to the park, consisting of members of treaties 2, 4, and 1. These include Keeseekoowenin Ojibway First Nation, Ebb and Flow First Nation, Waywayseecappo First Nation, Rolling River First Nation, Tootinaowaziibeeng First Nation, Gambler First Nation, and Sandy Bay Ojibway First Nation. The coalition entered into an agreement with Parks Canada to share and put ideas into action, creating in 2006 the Riding Mountain Forum.

title: Riding Mountain National Park


text:
Talk:Pastoral council

Structure
Now with structure, does it vary from parish to parish, or diocese to diocese? The church I go to, the Pastoral Council (which I will be a member of come August) is made up of 12 members. Three are appointed. Nine members are elected if there's more people interested in being on the council then there are vacacant seats. If not those interested become members without an election, which is what happened this year. Would what I described be typical for most Pastoral Councils? JesseG 04:24, Jun 11, 2005 (UTC)

Merger proposal
It seems clear from reading the two articles, and from my brief readings of the canon law involved, that the articles entitled Pastoral Council and Parish council (US Catholic Church) are discussing the same topic. They should be merged. Gentgeen (talk) 12:07, 12 May 2008 (UTC)
 * Agreed. Laurel Lodged (talk) 20:47, 22 December 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pastoral council


text:
Talk:Patricia Soltysik

Untitled
It would probably be good to have a citation for the claim that someone became extremely promiscuous as a result of her political views. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.135.98.180 (talk) 05:01, 11 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Yes, I removed it as unsubstantiated and NPOV

According to Jeffery Toobin's American Heiress, she changed her name legally to "Mizmoon" Soltysik. Shouldn't that be the title of this page? I was just reading Christopher Priest's wikipedia page, and that's not his birth name. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 108.18.193.204 (talk) 13:46, 17 February 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Patricia Soltysik


text:
Peter Lonard

Peter Lawrence Lonard (born 17 July 1967) is an Australian professional golfer who has played mainly on the U.S.-based PGA Tour.

Early life
Lonard was born at Epping, Sydney.

Professional career
Lonard turned professional in 1989 and began his career on the PGA Tour of Australasia. He played on the European Tour in 1991 and 1992, where he had very moderate results. He was sidelined for nearly 18 months in 1993–94 after contracting Ross River Fever, a mosquito-carried virus which caused damage to his eyes. He worked as a club professional at Sydney's prestigious Oatlands Golf Club for three years before returning to tournament golf, topping the PGA Tour of Australasia Order of Merit in 1996/97. He returned to the European Tour in 1997 and has performed steadily with a best Order of Merit placing of 18th in 2002.

Lonard joined the United States-based PGA Tour in 2002 and settled in well, winning over $1 million in his first season. He won the PGA Tour of Australasia's Order of Merit for a second time in 2003. His first win in the U.S. came at the 2005 MCI Heritage. He has featured in the top 50 of the Official World Golf Ranking. In 2009 he finished outside the top 150 of the money list and lost his PGA Tour card. He has mainly focused on the PGA Tour of Australasia and Web.com Tour since losing his PGA Tour card.

Lonard was a member of the International Team at the Presidents Cup in 2003 and 2005.

After turning 50, Lonard played in the Senior Open Championship in 2017 and finished T3.

PGA Tour of Australasia wins (9)
* Lonard and Moseley agreed to share the 2002 Australian PGA Championship after failing light caused play to halt after one hole of a playoff.

PGA Tour of Australasia playoff record (2–1–1)

Results in major championships
{{legend|#eeeeee|Did not play}} CUT = missed the half-way cut

"T" = tied

Summary

 * Most consecutive cuts made – 6 (1999 Open Championship – 2002 PGA)
 * Longest streak of top-10s – 0

Results in The Players Championship
{{legend|yellow|Top 10}} CUT = missed the halfway cut

"T" indicates a tie for a place

Results in World Golf championships
{{legend|yellow|Top 10}} {{legend|#eeeeee|Did not play}} QF, R16, R32, R64 = Round in which player lost in match play

"T" = Tied

Results in senior major championships
{{legend|yellow|Top 10}} {{legend|#eeeeee|Did not play}} "T" indicates a tie for a place

Team appearances

 * Presidents Cup (International Team): 2003 (tie), 2005
 * WGC-World Cup (representing Australia): 2005

title: Peter Lonard


text:
Pakistan Social Democratic Party

The Pakistan Social Democratic Party is a political party in Pakistan. In 2002, with a wristwatch as the party's symbol on the ballot, it fielded one candidate in the National Assembly elections and the regional assembly elections, but won no seats. In 2004 the Electoral Commission asked the party, and ten other parties, to have its submitted statement of account audited by a chartered accountant and re-submitted. (34 parties had submitted no statements of account at all, and faced disqualification.)

Pakistan Social Democratic Party is run by Mujeeb ur Rehman Kiani, a seasoned lawyer and Chairman of the Party, and Irfan Kausar, deputy director.

The comprehensive manifesto of the party was printed and circulated during its years in active politics. Its founder is author of a publication named 'Responsible Politics', widely sold during the time of its publication. It laid down the predictions and expectations of on coming politics in Pakistan.

title: Pakistan Social Democratic Party


text:
Westview High School (San Diego)

Westview High School is a public high school located in Torrey Highlands, a community of San Diego, California in the United States. It is part of the Poway Unified School District.

Westview uses a 4 by 4 block schedule for each school year. Under this system, the school year is divided into four quarters, as opposed to semester and trimester systems, allowing each student to complete up to eight classes each year.

Westview is accredited by the Schools Commission of the Western Association of Schools and Colleges. Its CEEB school code is #052-986.

Westview is nationally recognized Blue Ribbon school. In 2022, Westview ranked #421 of 17,843 US high schools by the US News Best High Schools ranking.

Administration and staff
Westview is divided into three "hubs," each with a separate administration system and cadre of homeroom teachers, designed to cultivate intraschool competition and camaraderie. The combined staff consists of 86 teachers, 4 administrators, 4 counselors, 3 librarians, 1 school psychologist, and 39 support staff.

Enrollment
As of the 2019-2020 school year, 2,376 students were enrolled at the school. Of these students, 595 of them were enrolled in 9th grade, 581 in 10th, 602 in 11th, and 598 in 12th. The school's student body is 37.3% White, 37.9% Asian/Filipino, 10.6% Hispanic or Latino, 2.2% African American, 0.5% Pacific Islander, 0.1% Native American, and 11.6% Two or more races.

Of the 586 graduates of the school in 2011, 94% decided to attend college. Of these, 73% went to 4-year colleges and the remaining 27% to 2-year colleges.

Academics
A 4x4 block learning schedule is implemented at Westview, meaning that over the course of a year a student will take up to eight courses, or four each semester. Each course is broken into two nine-week quarters each worth five credits, or the equivalent of a semester at most high schools that go by the semester system. In addition to the four daily classes, there are various other periods such as Homeroom, Silent Study Hall (SSH), and Wolverine Time, a tutorial period, which occurs on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thursdays. School begins at 8:35 AM on all days except Wednesday, when it begins at 9:55 AM. School ends at 3:45 PM except on "minimum days" on final exam dates where only half the classes exist.

Graduation from Westview requires meeting PUSD's course requirements. They include a biological science course, a civics and economics course, a fine arts course, two math courses (at least one math course must be taken in each of 9th and 10th grade), a physical science course, one English course in each grade, and one course in each of U.S. history and world history. In addition to the required ninth-grade physical education requirement, one other physical education course is needed. Though not required for graduation, students must also take at least two foreign language courses in the same language in order to be able to enter a state university. In addition, all students must take at least 8.5 elective courses to graduate, which can be satisfied by completing extra courses in the subject areas above, or by completing designated elective courses. Students also need to pass the California High School Exit Exam.

Grade point averages are computed with each quarter receiving either an A, B, C, D, or F, which correspond to 4, 3, 2, 1, and 0, respectively. In addition to one Honors course, all Advanced Placement courses are assigned values of 5, 4, 3, 1, and 0, for these grades. A grade of "F" in any course means a failing grade, and as such will not qualify for graduation credits, and if the course is a required course, it must be retaken and passed in order to qualify. A grade of "D" in any course that has it will qualify for graduation credits, but will not count as having been passed for entry into state universities, and as such if a student who wishes to enter a state university after graduation earns this grade, they must retake the course and earn at least a "C". However, not all courses include a grade of D, as some only go down to C and consider anything lower as an F; in such courses, at least a C is necessary to pass the course and earn graduation credits.

Grades in Advanced Placement courses will be changed to an A for a 4 or 5 score on the AP exam.

Notable alumni

 * Arianna Afsar, singer and actress, appeared on American Idol 8, the 2011 Miss America pageant, and in the Chicago production of the musical Hamilton
 * Dakota Dickerson, Class of 2015; professional race car driver in Formula 3 and Formula 4
 * James Holmes, Class of 2006; gunman in the 2012 Aurora, Colorado shooting
 * Michael Mercado, Class of 2017; professional baseball pitcher for the Philadelphia Phillies
 * Taylor McNamara, American football tight end
 * Kelly Marie Tran, Class of 2007; actress, cast as Rose Tico in Star Wars: The Last Jedi

 * Cailin Russo, an American recording artist;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cailin_Russo

title: Westview High School (San Diego)


text:
Hans Richter

Hans Richter may refer to:

 * Hans Richter (conductor) (1843–1916), Austrian conductor
 * Hans Richter (architect) (1882–1971), designer of the Volksbühne in Berlin and villa Heller in Ústí nad Labem
 * Hans Richter (artist) (1888–1976), German-born American artist and filmmaker
 * Hans Richter (actor) (1919–2008), German actor and director
 * Hans Peter Richter (1926–1993), German author, wrote books for children and young adults
 * Hans Werner Richter (1908–1993), German novelist and organiser of the "Group 47" writers' group
 * Hans Richter (footballer) (1959–2023), East German footballer

title: Hans Richter


text:
Template talk:US-actor-stub

Image
I created and added a film reel with the US flag in the background. Any feeling or thoughts on this? I figured, many other stub templates have images, why not this one. <> Who ? ¿ ? 04:30, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I like it. It might be more appropriate for a broader stub category like "This article related to American cinema is a stub."  However i can't think of anything to specifically symbolize acting besides the stereotypical "happy & sad" masks, which I am incidentally tired of seeing.
 * BTW I put in a line-break "  " between the two sentences because I thought it looked awful having (at least on my screen) the final word "it" on a line by itself.  I figure more than half of all readers will have the stub notice occupying 2 lines anyway (browser window dimensions) so I broke it by sentences.
 * —  F REAK OF N URxTURE  ( TALK )  06:37, Jun 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Yea, I'm not too partial to the masks either, I use the film reel on another wiki site for actors, figured it would look pretty decent. I was thinking maybe an eagle on top of the reel, instead of the flag, but couldnt find one that would easily downsize or edit. As far as the line break, I'm using 1024x768, I am not sure how it looks on smaller resolutions.  Granted someone has already removed it, to conform with template standards.   <> Who ? ¿ ?  00:12, 23 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: Template talk:US-actor-stub


text:
Inequality Reexamined

Inequality Reexamined is a 1992 book by the economist Amartya Sen. In the book Sen evaluates the different perspectives of the general notion of inequality, focusing mainly on his well-known capability approach. The author argues that inequality is a central notion to every social theory that has stood on time. For only if this basic feature is satisfied can a social theory which advocates a set of social arrangements be plausible. Taken the inequality ingredient for granted, the crucial question becomes: inequality of what? Sen answers this basic question by advocating his preferred notion of equality which is based on the capability for Functions.

Functionings and the role of freedom
There are two kinds of Functions: Elementary and Social. Elementary Functions include being in good health, nourished, sheltered. More complex are Social Functions, which include having self-respect, taking part in the life of the community etc. The Achievement of an individual is the set of these realized Functions. Capability refers to the real options that someone has in order to pursue the subjective Functions they prefer most. Nevertheless, inequalities related to class, gender, communities hinder the extent of human freedom and thus decrease our ability to function. That is why a good society ought to mitigate such discrimination, promoting people's freedom which, is the most valuable element of a satisfactory life.

Editions

 * - First Hardcover
 * - Paperback Reprint

title: Inequality Reexamined


text:
One Night in Time

One Night in Time is an unofficial release of studio recordings from Scottish singer-songwriter Donovan. His 18th studio album, it was distributed through the fanzine Donovan's Friends in 1993 on cassette tape.

History
After his 1984 album Lady of the Stars failed to meet success in both the US and UK, Donovan temporarily retired from recording studio albums. In 1990, Donovan's 1960's albums were reissued on CD for the first time. His 1990 live album Rising and the 1992 Epic Records boxed set Troubadour: The Definitive Collection 1964-1976 were also bringing Donovan's music back into record stores.

Although this renewed interest in Donovan's music grew over the next few years, in 1993 he was still without a record label in the US or UK. The album was only released on cassette tape.

Track listing
All tracks by Donovan Leitch, except where noted.

Original album

 * 1) "One Night in Time" (Donovan Leitch, Warwick Embury)
 * 2) "Dear Heart"
 * 3) "You Got Me Reeling"
 * 4) "The Sensitive Kind" (J. J. Cale)
 * 5) "Runaway"
 * 6) "When All the World is Young"
 * 7) "You Do Belong (Teenage Suicide)"
 * 8) "What's a Girl..."
 * 9) "Forever Your Love"
 * 10) "There Are No Roads"

title: One Night in Time


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Moral invertebrate

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was  delete mikka (t) 04:32, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Moral invertebrate
transwikied dicdef - wonderful phrase - not encyclopedic --Doc (?) 01:08, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Ooh, I like that one. Since it's already been transwikied, Delete. A и D я 01D  TALK  EMAIL  01:40, Jun 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, since already transwikied. --bainer (talk) 02:06, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, can't be expanded/already transwikified. Mgm|(talk) 15:46, Jun 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, dicdef. Brilliant phrase, though.  --TenOfAllTrades (talk/contrib) 19:22, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete dicdef. JamesBurns 10:23, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon

Lucy Christiana, Lady Duff-Gordon (née Sutherland; 13 June 1863 – 20 April 1935) was a leading British fashion designer in the late 19th and early 20th centuries who worked under the professional name Lucile.

The first British-based designer to achieve international acclaim, Lucy Duff-Gordon was a widely acknowledged innovator in couture styles as well as in fashion industry public relations. In addition to originating the "mannequin parade", a precursor to the modern fashion show, and training the first professional models, she launched slit skirts and low necklines, popularized less restrictive corsets, and promoted alluring and pared-down lingerie.

Opening branches of her London house, Lucile Ltd, in Chicago, New York City, and Paris, her business became the first global couture brand, dressing a trend-setting clientele of royalty, nobility, and stage and film personalities. Duff-Gordon is also remembered as a survivor of the sinking of the RMS Titanic in 1912, and as the losing party in the precedent-setting 1917 contract law case of Wood v. Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon, in which Judge Benjamin N. Cardozo wrote the opinion for New York's highest court, the New York Court of Appeals, upholding a contract between Duff-Gordon and her advertising agent that assigned the agent the sole right to market her name. It was the first case of its kind, clothes labelled and sold at a lowered cost in a cheaper market under an expensive "brand name".

Early life
The daughter of civil engineer Douglas Sutherland (1838–1865) and his Anglo-French-Canadian wife Elinor Saunders (1841–1937), Lucy Christiana Sutherland was born in London, England, and raised in Guelph, Ontario, Canada, after her father's death from typhoid fever. When her mother remarried in 1871 to the bachelor David Kennedy (d. 1889), Lucy moved with them and her sister, the future novelist Elinor Glyn, to Saint Helier on the Isle of Jersey. Lucy acquired her love of fashion through dressing her collection of dolls, by studying gowns worn by women in family paintings, and by later making clothes for herself and Elinor. Returning to Jersey, after a visit to relatives in England in 1875, Lucy and Elinor survived the wreck of their ship when it ran aground in a gale.

Marriage and family
In 1884, Lucy married for the first time, to James Stuart Wallace, with whom she had a child, Esme (1885–1973; later wife of the 2nd Earl of Halsbury and mother of Tony Giffard, 3rd Earl of Halsbury). Wallace was an alcoholic and regularly unfaithful, and Lucy sought consolation in love affairs, including a long relationship with the famous surgeon Sir Morell Mackenzie. The Wallaces separated circa 1890, and Lucy started divorce proceedings in 1893; the divorce was finalized in 1895. In 1900, Lucy Sutherland Wallace married a Scottish baronet, landowner, and sportsman Sir Cosmo Duff-Gordon.

Fashion career
In order to support herself and her daughter after the end of her first marriage, Duff-Gordon began working as a dressmaker from home. In 1893, she opened Maison Lucile at 24 Old Burlington Street, in the heart of the fashionable West End of London, having worked for a year previously from her mother's flat at 25 Davies Street. In 1897, Duff-Gordon opened a larger shop at 17 Hanover Square, Westminster, before a further move (c. 1903–04) to 14 George Street, Oxford. In 1903, the business was incorporated as "Lucile Ltd" and the following year moved to 23 Hanover Square, where it operated for the next 20 years. Duff-Gordon was eventually bankrupted after she revealed in the American press that she was not designing much of the clothing that was attributed to her name. She spent her later years selling imported clothing and smaller collections in a succession of unsuccessful small "boutiques."

Lucile Ltd served a wealthy clientele including aristocracy, royalty, and theatre stars. The business expanded, with salons opening in New York City in 1910, Paris in 1911, and Chicago in 1915, making it the first leading couture house with full-scale branches in three countries.

Lucile was most famous for its lingerie, tea gowns, and evening wear. Its luxuriously layered and draped garments in soft fabrics of blended pastel colours, often accentuated with sprays of hand-made silk flowers, became its hallmark. However, Lucile also offered simple, smart tailored suits and daywear. The dress (photo at right) typifies the classically draped style often found in Lucile designs. Duff-Gordon originally designed the dress in Paris, for Lucile Ltd's spring 1913 collection, and later specially adapted it for London socialite Heather Firbank and other well-known clients, including actress Kitty Gordon and dancer Lydia Kyasht of the Ballets Russes. This example (photo) was worn by Miss Firbank and is preserved in the Victoria and Albert Museum.

Lucy Duff-Gordon is also widely credited with training the first professional fashion models (called mannequins) as well as staging the first runway or "catwalk" style shows. These affairs were theatrically inspired, invitation-only, tea-time presentations, complete with a stage, curtains, mood-setting lighting, music from a string band, souvenir gifts, and programmes.

Another innovation in the presentation of her collections was what she called her "emotional gowns." These dresses were given descriptive names, influenced by literature, history, popular culture, and her interest in the psychology and personality of her clients.

Some well-known clients, whose clothing influenced many when it appeared in early films, on stage, and in the press, included: Irene Castle, Lily Elsie, Gertie Millar, Gaby Deslys, Billie Burke, and Mary Pickford. Lucile costumed numerous theatrical productions, including the London première of Franz Lehár's operetta The Merry Widow (1907), the Ziegfeld Follies revues on Broadway (1915–21), and the D. W. Griffith silent movie Way Down East (1920). Lucile creations were also frequently featured in Pathé and Gaumont newsreels of the 1910s and '20s, and Lucy Duff-Gordon appeared in her own weekly spot in the British newsreel "Around the Town" (c. 1919–21).

Early Lucile Ltd sketches, archived at the Victoria and Albert Museum, provide evidence that in 1904 the salon employed at least one sketch artist to record Lucy Duff-Gordon's designs for in-house use. As demands grew on her time, especially in the United States during World War I, she was aided by sketch artists Robert Kalloch, Roger Bealle, Gilbert Clarke, Howard Greer, Shirley Barker, Travis Banton, and Edward Molyneux, who created ideas based on the "Lucile look". In her memoir, Lucy Duff-Gordon credited her corps of assistants for their contributions to the success of the New York branch of Lucile Ltd. Many of these assistants' drawings were published in the press and signed "Lucile", though occasionally the signature of the artist, such as Molyneux, appeared. It was general practice for couture houses to use professional artists to execute drawings of designs as they were being created, as well as of the artist's own ideas for each season's output and for individual clients. These drawings were overseen by Lucy Duff-Gordon, who often critiqued them, adding notes, instructions, dates, and sometimes her own signature or initials, indicating she approved the design.

Like many couturiers, Lucy Duff-Gordon designed principally on the human form. Her surviving personal sketchbooks indicate her limited technical ability as a sketch artist, but a skill at recording colour. Surviving Lucile Ltd sketches reveal numerous artists of varying talent levels, and these are often mis-attributed to herself. Howard Greer admitted in his autobiography that the sketches he and his colleagues executed were often confused interpretations of the Lucile style that did not match their employer's vision. Moreover, he claimed customers were not always pleased by the actual dresses created from the sketches he and the other assistants submitted.

Unprecedented for a leading couturière, Lucy Duff-Gordon promoted her collections journalistically. In addition to a weekly syndicated fashion page for the Hearst newspaper syndicate (1910–22), she wrote monthly columns for Harper's Bazaar and Good Housekeeping (1912–22). A Hearst writer ghost wrote the newspaper page after 1918, but the designer herself penned the Good Housekeeping and Harper's Bazaar features throughout their duration, although the responsibility of producing a regular piece proved difficult, and she missed several deadlines. Lucile fashions also appeared regularly in Vogue, Femina, Les Modes, L'art et la Mode, and other leading fashion magazines (1910–22). Along with Hearst publications, Lucile contributed to Vanity Fair, Dress, The Illustrated London News, The London Magazine, Pearson's Magazine, and Munsey's.

In addition to her career as a couturière, costumier, journalist, and pundit, Lucy Duff-Gordon took significant advantage of opportunities for commercial endorsement, lending her name to advertising for brassieres, perfume, shoes, and other luxury apparel and beauty items. Among the most adventurous of her licensing ventures were a two-season, lower-priced, mail-order fashion line for Sears, Roebuck & Co. (1916–17), which promoted her clothing in special de luxe catalogues, and a contract to design interiors for limousines and town cars for the Chalmers Motor Co., later Chrysler Corporation (1917).

RMS Titanic
In 1912, Lucy Duff-Gordon travelled to America on business in connection with the New York branch of Lucile Ltd. She and her husband, Sir Cosmo, booked first class passage on the ocean liner RMS Titanic under the alias "Mr. and Mrs. Morgan". Her secretary, Laura Mabel Francatelli, nicknamed "Franks", accompanied the couple.

On 14 April, at 11:40 pm the Titanic struck an iceberg and began to sink. During the evacuation, the Duff-Gordons and Francatelli escaped in Lifeboat No. 1. Although the boat was designed to hold 40 people, it was lowered with only 12 people aboard, seven of them male crew members.

Some time after the Titanic sank, while afloat in Lifeboat No. 1, Lucy Duff-Gordon reportedly commented to her secretary, "There is your beautiful nightdress gone." A fireman, annoyed by her comment, replied that while the couple could replace their property, he and the other crew members had lost everything in the sinking. Sir Cosmo then offered each of the men £5 (equivalent to £ in ) to aid them until they received new assignments. While on the RMS Carpathia, the Cunard liner that rescued Titanic's survivors, Sir Cosmo presented the men from Lifeboat No. 1 with cheques drawn on his bank, Coutts. This action later spawned gossip that the Duff-Gordons had bribed their lifeboat's crew not to return to save swimmers out of fear the vessel would be swamped.

These rumours were fuelled by the tabloid press in the United States and, eventually, in the United Kingdom. On 17 May, Sir Cosmo Duff-Gordon testified at the London hearings of the British Board of Trade inquiry into the disaster. On 20 May, Lady Duff-Gordon took the stand. The couple's testimony attracted the largest crowds during the inquiry.

While Sir Cosmo faced tough criticism during cross-examination, his wife had it slightly easier. Dressed in black, with a large, veiled hat, she told the court she remembered little about what happened in the lifeboat on the night of the sinking, due to seasickness, and she could not recall specific conversations. Lawyers did not seem to have pressed her very hard. Lucy Duff-Gordon noted that for the rest of her husband's life he was brokenhearted over the negative coverage by the "yellow press," during his cross-examination at the inquiry. The final report by the inquiry determined that the Duff-Gordons did not deter the crew from any attempt at rescue through bribery or any other method of coercion.

In 2012, a box of documents and letters concerning the Titanic sinking belonging to the Duff-Gordons was rediscovered at the London office of Veale Wasbrough Vizards, the legal firm that merged with Tweedies, which had represented the couple. Among the papers was an inventory of the possessions Lucy Duff Gordon had lost, the total value listed as £3,208 3s 6d. One letter detailed what she wore when leaving the ship: two dressing gowns "for warmth," a muff, and her "motor hat". A faded grey silk kimono with typical Fortuny-style black cord edging, for some time thought to have been worn by her that night, is now understood to have belonged to her daughter Esme, Countess of Halsbury, as its distinctive print dates the item to post World War I. An apron said to have been worn by Francatelli can be seen at the Maritime Museum in Liverpool, and her life-jacket was sold, along with correspondence about her experiences in the disaster, at Christie's auction house, London, in 2007.

In popular culture
The Titanic episode is one of the most prominent aspects of Lucy Duff-Gordon's life, thanks partly to motion pictures. The films, however, portrayed her without great attention to accuracy. She has been portrayed by Harriette Johns in A Night to Remember (1958); by Rosalind Ayres in James Cameron's epic Titanic (1997); and by Sylvestra Le Touzel in the British miniseries Titanic (2012). She is also a key character in the novel The Dressmaker, by Kate Alcott, which portrays both the sinking of the Titanic and the negative publicity that followed for the Duff-Gordons.

RMS Lusitania
Lucy Duff-Gordon had another close call three years after surviving the Titanic, when she booked passage aboard the final voyage of the RMS Lusitania. It was reported in the press that she cancelled her trip due to illness. The Lusitania was sunk by a German torpedo on 7 May 1915.

Wood v. Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon
In 1917, Lucy Duff-Gordon lost the New York Court of Appeals case of Wood v. Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon, in which Judge Benjamin N. Cardozo established precedent in the realm of contract law when he held the designer to a contract that assigned the sole right to market her professional name to her advertising agent, Otis F. Wood, despite the fact that the contract lacked explicit consideration for her promise. Cardozo noted that, "A promise may be lacking, and yet the whole writing may be 'instinct with an obligation'" and, if so, "there is a contract."

Cardozo famously opened the opinion with the following description of the designer: "The defendant styles herself 'a creator of fashions.' Her favor helps a sale. Manufacturers of dresses, millinery, and like articles are glad to pay for a certificate of her approval. The things which she designs, fabrics, parasols, and what not, have a new value in the public mind when issued in her name."

Although the term "creator of fashions" was part of the tagline in 'Lucile's' columns for the Hearst papers, some observers have claimed that Cardozo's tone revealed a certain disdain for her position in the world of fashion. Others accept that he was merely echoing language used by the defendant in her own submissions to the court as well as in her publicity.

Later life
Lucy Duff-Gordon's connection to her design empire began to disintegrate following a restructuring of Lucile, Ltd in 1918–19. An acrimonious battle emerged in the press, culminating in her public acknowledgement that many Lucile dresses were not designed by her. Duff-Gordon's autobiography acknowledges that this had been the case since at least 1911.

By September 1922, she had ceased designing for the company, which effectively closed. A completely new 'Lucile' was formed, using the same premises in Paris, and different designs, but it gradually failed. Meanwhile, its founder (who continued to be known as 'Lucile') worked from private premises designing personally for individual clients. She was briefly associated with the firm of Reville, Ltd., maintained a ready-to-wear shop of her own and lent her name to a wholesale operation in America.

Lucy Duff-Gordon also continued as a fashion columnist and critic after her design career ended, contributing to London's Daily Sketch and Daily Express (1922–1930), and she penned her best-selling autobiography Discretions and Indiscretions (1932).

Death
Lady Duff-Gordon died of breast cancer, complicated by pneumonia, in a Putney, London, nursing home on 20 April 1935, aged 71. The date of her death, 20 April, was the fourth anniversary of her husband's death.

Legacy
In addition to her mark on culture, history, and the law, there has been a resurgence of interest in her work as a designer. She originated the fashion component of her sister Elinor Glyn's 'It girl' concept. She managed exclusive salons in London, Paris and New York, was the first designer to present her collections on a stage complete with the theatrical accoutrements of lights and music (inspiring the modern runway or catwalk show), and was famous for making sexuality an aspect of fashion through her provocative lingerie and lingerie-inspired clothes. She also specialised in dressing trendsetting stage and film performers, ranging from the stars of the Ziegfeld Follies on Broadway to silent screen icons such as Mary Pickford and Irene Castle.

Books

 * Lucile's former assistant, Howard Greer, published memories of his years working with her in the book Designing Male (1950).
 * The title of Meredith Etherington-Smith's dual biography of Lucile and her sister Elinor Glyn, called The 'It' Girls (1986), stems from Elinor's popularization of the euphemism "it" to denote sexuality or "sex appeal".
 * The Victoria and Albert Museum published Lucile Ltd (2009) by Amy de la Haye and Valerie D. Mendes (ISBN 9781851775613)
 * Andrew Wilson's book Shadow of the Titanic includes extensive chapters on Lucile.
 * Hugh Brewster's book Gilded Lives, Fatal Voyage includes extensive chapters on Lucile.
 * Five other books published in 2011–12 explore Lucile's career. Among them are:
 * Randy Bryan Bigham's biography, Lucile - Her Life by Design (2012)
 * A novel, The Dressmaker, by Kate Alcott
 * Staging Fashion, which examined the Lucile wardrobes of actresses Lily Elsie and Billie Burke
 * Performance, Fashion and the Modern Interior, which includes a chapter (6 - 'Designing Lucile Ltd: couture and the modern interior 1900-1920s' by Samantha Erin Safer) on the décor of Lucile's salons
 * The couturière's autobiography, Discretions and Indiscretions (New York, Frederick A. Stokes Co., 1932), was republished in 2012 under the title A Woman of Temperament (ISBN 978-1908002426)
 * The designer is discussed in Caroline Evans' history of the fashion show, The Mechanical Smile (2013).

Exhibitions
A number of international museum exhibitions have featured Lucile garments, such as:
 * The Metropolitan Museum of Art's "Cubism and Fashion" (1999)
 * The Museum of the City of New York's "Fashion on Stage" (1999)
 * The Victoria and Albert Museum's "Black in Fashion" (2000)
 * The first exhibition devoted exclusively to Lucile's work was the New York Fashion Institute of Technology's "Designing the It Girl: Lucile and Her Style" (2005). It included pieces from The Museum at FIT's own collection of her work as well as items from the private "Lucile Ltd" archive of British textile designer Lewis Orchard, known for his expertise on the subject.
 * As of 2006, the V&A included a Lucile suit on permanent exhibit.
 * A set of costume drawings in the Museum of the City of New York, one signed "Lucile", are attributed to Duff-Gordon.

Fashion

 * In 1916, silent film star Edna Mayo wore "$10,000 worth of gowns designed by Lady Duff Gordon (Lucile), the famous modiste."
 * In 2011–12, Lucy Duff Gordon's great-great-granddaughter, Camilla Blois, revived the Lucile brand, concentrating on lingerie.

Television

 * The Sundance Channel documentary, Love, Lust & Lingerie (20 February 2012), features a segment on Lucile's contributions to fashion history.
 * The ITV1 miniseries Titanic (March–April 2012), written by Downton Abbey's Julian Fellowes, includes a cameo portrayal of the designer.
 * Lucile is referenced in Downton Abbey, season 3 (2012–2013).
 * She is mentioned twice in the first and second season of the series Mr. Selfridge (2013–2014).
 * She is featured in a short historical featurette in an episode of The Great British Sewing Bee (Season 4, Episode 3)(2016).

Titles

 * 1863–1884: Miss Lucy Christiana Sutherland
 * 1884–1900: Mrs. James Stuart Wallace
 * 1900–1935: Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon

title: Lucy, Lady Duff-Gordon


text:
Talk:Éthiopiques

All of the individual Ethiopiques CDs could use their own articles (see WP:ALBUM). Sometime I'll try and write about about a few, myself. -- Gyrofrog (talk) 04:33, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Well, it's over a year later and I've made zero progress on that particular task. So much for that... -- Gyrofrog (talk) 00:45, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

Shouldn't the volume be listed instead of being written in paragraph form? Elfalem 23:08, 25 July 2006 (UTC)
 * I agree, I've partially reverted the paragraph in question. The details are probably better suited for separate articles about the individual CDs (and, as written, would need substantial attention in any case). -- Gyrofrog (talk) 00:45, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Éthiopiques


text:
User:Siddhu001

Stalkerrrr !!!!!!!

Quit stalking me whoever you are.

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title: User:Siddhu001


text:
Family Guy: Live in Vegas

Family Guy: Live in Vegas is a soundtrack album for the American animated television series Family Guy. It was released on April 26, 2005 by Geffen Records. It was composed by Walter Murphy and creator Seth MacFarlane. The album features only one song from the series: the theme song; the rest of the songs were composed exclusively for the album. It features vocals from Seth MacFarlane, Alex Borstein, Seth Green, Mike Henry, Mila Kunis, Adam West and Lori Alan, as well as Jason Alexander, Patti LuPone and Haylie Duff as guest stars. It includes Rat Pack- and Broadway-inspired songs.

The album also came with a DVD featuring the music video for Stewie's "Sexy Party" as well as "making-of" featurettes for the album and the video.

The album was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album at the 48th Grammy Awards, but it lost to Chris Rock's Never Scared.

Background
Seth MacFarlane described the album as "a blend of the rich, lush arrangements of the classic era of Rat Pack Vegas shows combined with the fart jokes of today". MacFarlane co-produced the album and co-wrote several tracks. It features guest stars Jason Alexander, Patti LuPone and Haylie Duff. The album includes a cover of "The Last Time I Saw Paris" by Jerome Kern as well as a medley of theme songs from 1980s shows such as Diff'rent Strokes, Who's the Boss, Growing Pains and Charles in Charge. The album is arranged and orchestrated by Walter Murphy and all songs are produced by MacFarlane and Murphy.

All the voice actors from the show appear on the album voicing their characters. The album includes a DVD with the music video of Stewie's "Sexy Party" and behind the scenes segments on making the album and the video. The DVD also includes a trailer for American Dad! and the fourth season of Family Guy.

Reception
The album received positive reviews from music sources and critics. Rob Theakston of AllMusic said that "[Family Guy is] back and raunchier than ever, sparing no expense and leaving no pop culture stone unturned" and "without the constraints of network censors, the profanity and heat are turned up to the max". He called the Broadway-inspired music "brilliant yet jarring juxtaposition of raunch and class". The DVD was called a "must-have for any fan of the show". Tina Huang of Soundtrack.Net said that the album "wonderfully merges the flair of big-band orchestras, with simulated, on-stage, Rat Pack-like performances, a chorus, and convincing live audience" and called it "mainly for fans; it can't be argued that the music is no less than impressive, but the messages may offend".

title: Family Guy: Live in Vegas


text:
Wikipedia:Peer review/Darth Vader/archive1

Darth Vader
I've been working on this for the past month or so. I personally added a bunch of the pictures, and I think the article is great. Recently there's been a whole flood of edits to the article of questionable quality, as if they screw up more things than they fix, but I take this as a sign that the article is near perfection--after all, the closer something is to perfection, the more likely any change to it will be harmful. Anyway, I'd like to know what peer review regulars think of the article before I submit it to FAC, as I'm sure there are points that I've missed. Thanks! — Phil Welch 04:34, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm not a Star Wars fan, and so this comment may be taken seriously or not, I don't really care, but from my perspective this article is bloated. It is far too long and I am sure it doubles up on info found on other Star Wars pages. Quality not quantity. If you feel recent edits have been dubious, be boldly brutal and delete them! Take some ownership (figuratively speaking, because no one owns any articles here) of this article's PR and FAC campaign and cut the crap by the wayside. Harro5 07:17, Jun 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * I have been ruthlessly deleting and changing back recent edits. They weren't to the effect of adding information, though, but more to the effect of poorly rephrasing what was already there. In terms of the "bloatedness", what information do you believe is unnecessary? I've been going for comprehensiveness, so I'd like to know what you think is unnecessary. — Phil Welch 23:34, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Actually, I think the article is quite good. As for being bloated, I was actually thinking there is some EU information that could have been included, but wasn't (for instance, Vader's relationship to the Noghri, as expounded on in Zahn's works, and the novella Sidetrip, by Stackpole/Zahn). --Scimitar 16:10, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Care to add some of that? I'm not well versed in EU stuff. — Phil Welch 17:31, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm really only familiar with the Zahn stuff, so I added a paragraph on the Noghri to the article. --Scimitar 16:39, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm not excited about having the spoiler warning in the lead... but I'm not sure what else can be done. The article looks very well done and comprehensive.  I don't think it's bloated.  One suggestion -- be sure to look at this at a resolution of 800x600; I think some of the wider images might cause problems, as might the anakin as a boy picture next to the infobox.  Also, there's room for improvement on the writing style/flow. --Spangineer  (háblame)  16:46, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Another copyedit sounds like a good idea, I'll have to get to that soon. The image thing concerned me too, so I'll check it out as well. — Phil Welch 17:31, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The images now seem to be alright for viewing at 800 wide. I was able to shrink my browser window itself to just 600 wide before getting a horizontal scrollbar. — Phil Welch 17:55, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)


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Hans Richter (conductor)

Johann Baptist Isidor Richter, or János Richter (4 April 1843 – 5 December 1916) was an Austro-Hungarian orchestral and operatic conductor.

Biography
Richter was born in Raab (Hungarian: Győr), Kingdom of Hungary, Austrian Empire. His father was a local composer, conductor and regens chori Anton Richter. His mother was opera-singer Jozefa Csazenszky. He studied at the Vienna Conservatory. He had a particular interest in the horn, and developed his conducting career at several different opera houses in the Austro-Hungarian Empire. He became associated with Richard Wagner in the 1860s, and played the solo trumpet part in the 1870 private premiere of the Siegfried Idyll. In 1876, he was chosen to conduct the first complete performance of Wagner's Der Ring des Nibelungen at the Bayreuth Festspielhaus.

In 1877, he assisted the ailing composer as conductor of a major series of Wagner concerts in London, and from then onwards he became a familiar feature of English musical life, appearing at many choral festivals including as principal conductor of the Birmingham Triennial Music Festival (1885–1909) and directing the Hallé Orchestra (1899–1911) and the newly formed London Symphony Orchestra (1904–1911). In Europe his work was chiefly based in Vienna, where (transcending the bitter division between the followers of Wagner and those of Johannes Brahms) he gave much attention to the works of Brahms himself, Anton Bruckner (who once slipped a coin into his hand after a concert by way of a tip) and Antonín Dvořák (he gave the London and Vienna premieres of the Symphonic Variations); he also continued to work at Bayreuth.

In later years, Richter became a fervent admirer and advocate of Sir Edward Elgar and he came to accept Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. On one occasion, he laid down his baton and allowed a London orchestra to play the whole second movement of Tchaikovsky's Pathétique Symphony itself. Never afraid to experiment on behalf of the music he loved, he lent his authority to an English-language production of The Ring at Covent Garden (January and February 1909). In 1909 he delivered the British premiere, very shortly after the world premiere, in Boston, of Ignacy Jan Paderewski's Symphony in B minor "Polonia". Failing eyesight forced his retirement in 1911. He died at Bayreuth in 1916.

Richter's approach to conducting was monumental rather than mercurial or dynamic, emphasising the overall structure of major works in preference to bringing out individual moments of beauty or passion. Some observers regarded him as little more than a time-beater; but others, notably Eugene Goossens, pointed to the remarkable rhythmic vitality of his work, a quality which hardly squares with the image of Richter as a rather stolid and static personality.

A rebuke he is supposed to have made to a musician in the Covent Garden orchestra is still sometimes quoted:

"Up with your damned nonsense will I put twice, or perhaps once, but sometimes always, by God, never."

Notable premieres

 * Wagner: Siegfried (1876)
 * Wagner: Götterdämmerung (1876)
 * Brahms: Symphony No. 2 (1877)
 * Brahms: Tragic Overture (1880)
 * Brahms: Piano Concerto No. 2 (1881; composer, soloist)
 * Tchaikovsky: Violin Concerto in D (1881; Adolph Brodsky, soloist)
 * Bruckner: Symphony No. 4 (1881)
 * Brahms: Symphony No. 3 (1883)
 * Bruckner: Te Deum (1885)
 * Bruckner: Symphony No. 8 (1892)
 * Elgar: Enigma Variations (1899)
 * Elgar: The Dream of Gerontius (1900)
 * Dohnányi: Symphony No. 1 in D minor (1901)
 * Elgar: Symphony No. 1 (1908)

title: Hans Richter (conductor)