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Oregon Episcopal School

Oregon Episcopal School (OES) is an American independent, coeducational, college preparatory, day and boarding school in the Raleigh Hills area of Portland, Oregon. It was preceded by St. Helen's Hall, a day and boarding school for girls established in 1869. OES was established in 1972 when the girls school merged with Bishop Dagwell Hall.

History

Oregon Episcopal School (OES) was known as St. Helen's Hall at the time of its founding and was originally a boarding and day school for girls. It was established in 1869 in Portland, Oregon by the Rt. Rev. Benjamin Wistar Morris, Bishop of Oregon, and is "the oldest Episcopal school west of the Rocky Mountains."

OES's original site at 4th and Madison is now the location of Portland's City Hall. The school moved several times during its first century to different locations in downtown Portland. It was located at 13th and Hall Streets before moving to its present location in the Raleigh Hills neighborhood of Portland in 1964. The Bishop Dagwell Hall was soon added, expanding the academic program to boys.

In 1972, St. Helen's Hall merged with Bishop Dagwell Hall to become Oregon Episcopal School. Currently, the school serves children from prekindergarten through 12th grade and includes day-school and boarding programs.

A number of facilities have been added over the years. Meyer Hall was built in 1996 as a new facility for Middle School students; the Drinkward Center for Math, Science and Technology opened in 2003; and in 2016 a 45,000-square-foot Lower School facility opened for Pre-K through 5th grade students. Today, approximately 870 students in Pre-K through Grade 12 attend OES.

Academics
The Beginning, Lower, and Middle schools consist entirely of day students, but the Upper School includes a boarding program. Approximately one-fifth of the Upper School's student body resides on campus, and around three-fourths of those boarding students hail from outside the United States.

In 2014, Oregon Episcopal School was ranked the best high school in the state of Oregon and the 13th best private school in the United States. OES ranked #2 on Oregon's 25 Best K-12 Schools for 2018, according to the Portland Business Journal.

Science Research
OES's research-based science program has a long history of success in science research competitions. Over the years, many students have placed highly in prestigious competitions such as the Intel Science Talent Search, the Siemens Competition, the Davidson Fellows Scholarship, the Google Science Fair, the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair, the Stockholm Junior Water Prize, the International Sustainable World Energy Engineering Environment Project Olympiad, the BioGENIOUS Competition, and the National Junior Science & Humanities Symposium. Since 1995, 19 students have been named Intel National Semifinalists and National Finalists with one senior National Finalist contestant placed 2nd nationally among 40 national finalists in 2003 and one senior National Finalist contestant placed 3rd nationally in 2004. Since 2002, 36 students have been named Siemens National Semifinalists, Regional Finalists and National Finalists. In 2010, juniors Akash Krishnan and Matthew Fernandez placed 1st nationally in the team category and won the Siemens Competition. Also in 2013, Ajay Krishnan was named the recipient of a prestigious $10,000 Davidson Fellows Scholarship, the top honor in the engineering category. He was also named a regional finalist in the Google Science Fair. In 2021 OES's aerospace team beat 614 rocketry teams from across North America to win the American Rocketry Challenge.

Academic Championships

 * Oregon Style Cross‐Examination Debate: 2016
 * Oregon Battle of the Books: 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015
 * Speech and Debate: 2018, 2021

Facilities
OES's 59-acre campus lies in the hills of Southwest Portland. Facilities include:
 * Meyer Hall: Built in 1996 for Middle School students. Topped by a "green" roof with soil and plants in 2006.
 * Drinkward Center for Math, Science and Technology: Opened in 2003. Serves as a facility for STEM related fields in the Upper School.
 * Bishop Dagwell Hall: This is OES's fine arts building. This building was the boys school at OES that later merged with St Helens Hall in 1960 to form OES.
 * Lower School: The 45,000-square-foot facility for Pre-K through 5th grade students was completed in 2016. The design earned a Portland Architecture Award in 2018.
 * Fariss Hall: This building was the old OES lower school, but due to the new lower school building being constructed in 2016 Fariss Hall is now a shared space with three main areas. This building was initially slated for demolition after the lower school was constructed, but due to the need for more space this never happened. These are:
 * EC3 Design Center: Founded in 2017 this facilities mission statement is to cultivate curiosity and creativity while collaborating with peers. This facility is used by the whole school and is composed of three rooms: Think (lounge), Make (Maker space) and Move (used for performance arts).
 * Fariss Hall Athletics: Fariss Hall athletics is composed of an exercise gym and a dance studio.
 * Lower School: Some lower school classes are still held in parts of Ferris Hall.
 * Jackson and Rodney Houses: Founded in 1963 these are OESs two student dormitories. As a boarding school OES houses 60 boarding students.
 * OES Athletic Center: Opened in September 2021, this 41,905 square-foot building can hold the entire student body and faculty. The newly expanded space includes two full-size gymnasiums: one named after alumnus and former athletic director Kris Van Hatcher and the other named after the Morissette family, donors to the athletic center. The athletic center houses the physical education and athletic departments, in addition to serving as a multipurpose venue for the entire school community. Interior finishes include polished concrete floors and a stair screen made of clear-vertical-grain cedar. Exposed, glue-laminated columns and beams are made of Douglas fir. The athletic center is designed to be energy efficient, featuring passive cooling strategies and limited mechanical cooling.

Accreditation & Memberships
OES is accredited by the Northwest Association of Independent Schools, and is a member of the National Association of Independent Schools, the National Association of Episcopal Schools, and the Association of Boarding Schools.

Athletics
OES has a long tradition of sports, competing under the supervision of the Oregon Schools Activities Association. The school has claimed over 65 championships since 1983. Upper School teams include basketball, soccer, lacrosse, volleyball, fencing, tennis, golf, cross country, track and field, and ski racing. Middle and Lower School students also compete in a variety of team sports.

Oregon Episcopal School's traditional athletic rival is Catlin Gabel School.

Mascot
OES's official mascot is an Aardvark, chosen by the student body to replace their previous mascot, a falcon. At one time an eagle was also a mascot at the school.

In 2013, the mascot placed second in the West in USA Today's High School Sports' Best Mascot competition.

State Championships Won

 * Men's lacrosse: 2004, 2009, 2017, 2018, 2023
 * Women's lacrosse: 2017
 * Men's soccer: 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2013, 2014, 2022
 * Women's soccer: 1993, 2005, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018
 * Women's volleyball: 2006
 * Women's cross country: 1988, 2023
 * Men’s golf: 2019, 2022, 2023
 * Women's golf: 2019, 2022, 2023
 * Men's tennis: 1983, 1984, 1993, 1994, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018
 * Women's tennis: 1984, 1985, 1986, 1993, 1995, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2017, 2018, 2023
 * Men's basketball: 2020

Mount Hood Disaster
One of the worst climbing accidents in U.S. history occurred in May 1986 when seven sophomore students and two faculty froze to death while climbing Mount Hood while participating in an adventure program required by the school. Of the four survivors, three had life-threatening injuries, and one had his legs amputated. The OES disaster spurred the development of the Mountain Locator Unit, an inexpensive transmitter which helps searchers find climbers in distress. OES participates in a day of service in observance of the disaster each year on the second Wednesday of May.

Notable alumni

 * Alma Francis – Broadway and silent film actress
 * Peter Holmstrom, 1987 – musician, The Dandy Warhols
 * Betsy Johnson - member of the Oregon House of Representatives and Oregon Senate
 * Patrick Lamb, 1988 – saxophonist
 * Tianhui Michael Li, 2003 – Data scientist and Tech entrepreneur
 * Harriet Fitch Luckett, a teacher who served as one of the first women to serve in the Idaho House of Representatives
 * Vivian Marshall, 1906 – vaudeville and film actress
 * Clara C. Munson, 1880 – mayor of Warrenton, Oregon and one of the state's earliest women elected to office
 * John Robinson, 2005 – actor
 * Ben Westlund, 1967 – Oregon State Treasurer
 * Virginia Euwer Wolff, 1955 – writer

title: Oregon Episcopal School


text:
Sharing

Sharing is the joint use of a resource or space. It is also the process of dividing and distributing. In its narrow sense, it refers to joint or alternating use of inherently finite goods, such as a common pasture or a shared residence. Still more loosely, "sharing" can actually mean giving something as an outright gift: for example, to "share" one's food really means to give some of it as a gift. Sharing is a basic component of human interaction, and is responsible for strengthening social ties and ensuring a person’s well-being.

Apart from obvious instances, which can be observed in human activity, many examples can be found in nature. When an organism takes in nutrition or oxygen, for instance, its internal organs are designed to divide and distribute the energy taken in, to supply parts of its body that need it. Flowers divide and distribute their seeds. In a broader sense, it can also include free granting of use rights to goods that can be treated as nonrival goods, such as information.

In computer and Internet culture
File sharing is the practice of distributing or providing access to digitally stored information, such as computer programs, multi-media (audio, video), documents, or electronic books. It may be implemented through a variety of ways. Storage, transmission, and distribution models are common methods of file sharing incorporate manual sharing using removable media, centralized computer file server installations on computer networks, World Wide Web-based hyperlinked documents, and the use of distributed peer-to-peer networking (see peer-to-peer file sharing).

Sharing is a key feature in the developing field of free software and open source software, with implications for economics. This is leading to a need to review licensing, patents and copyright, and to controversy in these areas, as well as new approaches like Creative Commons and the GNU General Public License.

Furthermore, sharing is a key feature of Internet culture in which images, videos, links, knowledge and other content are shared on Web 2.0-platforms such as reddit. Andreas Wittel said that in the modern, Internet-era discourse "Sharing now is associated with politics, with socialist, communist, and anarchist values, with the free culture movement and the digital commons" and it "is an expression of a Utopian imaginary".

In computer science
In computer science, the issue of handling shared resources figures prominently. For example, time-sharing is an approach to interactive computing in which a single computer is used to provide apparently simultaneous interactive general-purpose computing to multiple users by sharing processor time. Sharing of resources between processes and threads is the source of most of the difficulties of concurrent programming. The word "sharing" is also used in some functional programming communities to refer specifically to sharing of memory between different data items to save space, otherwise known as hash consing.

In or across households
Resource sharing—called kaláka in Hungarian—is an old tradition in Hungary. Young couples had to build their house after marriage. Marriage itself was called házasodás in Hungarian (en: becoming the owner of a house). When doing so, the whole community, relatives and acquaintances helped the young couple with work, knowledge and even money. At pigsticking, all members of the community got their shares too. Superfluous plants were freely distributed to neighbours in the season.

In most cultures, members of the same household tend to pool their resources.

In the New Testament, John the Baptist commended sharing as the mark of a new way of life: "If you have two shirts, share with the person who does not have one. If you have food, share that also."

In a market
Market sharing occurs when competitors agree to divide or allocate customers, suppliers or territories among themselves rather than allowing competitive market forces to work.

Market sharing can include:

 * allocating customers by geographic area
 * dividing contracts by value within an area

Also agreeing not to:

 * compete for established customers
 * produce each other’s products or services
 * expand into a competitor’s market

Market sharing is generally an illegal practice as it violates antitrust laws and the basic principles of the free market. Market sharing mainly occur in the form of cartels like the Guadalajara Cartel, which was the first Mexican drug cartel to consolidate the production and supply of illegal marijuana into a single organization.

Sharing in a market may also refer to the temporary or permanent transfer of information and other physical as well as intellectual property, but this is generally accompanied by the exchange of money.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Sharing


text:
File:Bee Gees Stayin Alive.jpg

Summary
The album cover for the Bee Gee's Stayin' Alive, assumed to be available under fair use doctrine.

Fair use in Stayin' Alive
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) It's a low resolution copy of a CD/album cover.
 * 2) It doesn't limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the CD/album in any way, in fact, it may encourage sales.
 * 3) Because of the low resolution, copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the album artwork on another CD.
 * 4) The image is itself a subject of discussion in the article or used in the infobox thereof.
 * 5) The image on the cover is significant because it was made by a famous artist.

Source

 * 1) http://www.45cat.com/record/2090267. Copyright held by the record company or the artist. Claimed as fair use regardless.

title: File:Bee Gees Stayin Alive.jpg


text:
Stayin' Alive

"Stayin' Alive" is a song written and performed by the Bee Gees from the Saturday Night Fever motion picture soundtrack. The song was released in December 1977 by RSO Records as the second single from the Saturday Night Fever soundtrack. The band wrote the song and co-produced it with Albhy Galuten and Karl Richardson. It is one of the Bee Gees' signature songs. In 2004, "Stayin' Alive" was placed at No. 189 by Rolling Stone on their list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. The 2021 updated Rolling Stone list of 500 Greatest Songs placed "Stayin' Alive" at No. 99. In 2004, it ranked No. 9 on AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs survey of top tunes in American cinema. In a UK television poll on ITV in December 2011 it was voted fifth in The Nation's Favourite Bee Gees Song.

On its release, "Stayin' Alive" climbed the charts to hit the number one spot on the US Billboard Hot 100 the week of 4 February 1978, remaining there for four consecutive weeks. Consequently, it became one of the band's most recognisable tunes, partly because it appeared in the opening credits of Saturday Night Fever. In the United States, it would become the second of six consecutive number-one singles, tying the record with the Beatles for most consecutive number ones in the United States at the time (a record broken by Whitney Houston who achieved seven consecutive number-ones).

In 1979, at the 21st Annual Grammy Awards, "Stayin' Alive" won the award for Grammy Award for Best Vocal Arrangement for Two or More Voices, alongside 3 other wins at that ceremony, including Album of The Year.

Writing and recording
The executive producer of the Saturday Night Fever motion picture soundtrack and Bee Gees manager Robert Stigwood asked the band to write a few songs for the soundtrack. At this point, the film was in early stages and it did not have a title; in fact, all Stigwood had to go on was a New York cover story about discomania.

They wrote "Stayin' Alive" over the course of a few days while sprawled on the staircase at the Château d'Hérouville studio near Paris. As with many other artists during the 1970s, the Bee Gees recorded most of the soundtrack in France for tax reasons.

RSO Records wanted the song to share the then-title of the film, "Saturday Night", but the Bee Gees refused a title change, insisting that there had been too many songs with "Saturday" in the title, and the album already had a song with the word "night" in the title—"Night Fever". Rather than change the name of the former song to match the film, Stigwood expanded the name of the film to encompass the title of the latter song. Over the years, the brothers have had mixed feelings about the song, admitting it brought them tremendous fame but conversely branded them as a disco act, despite a long and varied career before and after.

Several words from Robin Gibb's Concorde ticket inspired the Gibbs to write the lyrics for "Stayin' Alive". Robin recalls, "The subject matter of 'Stayin' Alive' is actually quite a serious one; It's about survival in the streets of New York, and the lyrics actually say that". Barry Gibb also recalls, "People crying out for help. Desperate songs. Those are the ones that become giants. The minute you capture that on record, it's gold. 'Stayin' Alive' is the epitome of that. Everybody struggles against the world, fighting all the bullshit and things that can drag you down. And it really is a victory just to survive. But when you climb back on top and win bigger than ever before, well that's something everybody reacts to everybody". "We'd also written a song called 'Saturday Night'", Maurice explains, "But there were so many songs called 'Saturday Night' even one by the Bay City Rollers, so when we rewrote it for the movie, we called it 'Stayin' Alive'.

The track was finished at Criteria Studios, with Maurice Gibb laying down a bass line similar to the guitar riff, Barry Gibb and Alan Kendall on guitar riffs, and Blue Weaver adding synthesizers. The Boneroo Horns parts were added. Barry sings falsetto on the whole song, except on the line "life's going nowhere, somebody help me".

The band's drummer Dennis Bryon left the recording sessions early as his mother died. The shortage of qualified replacement drummers in the area prompted the group to try a drum machine, but it did not offer satisfactory results. After listening to the drum track of the already-recorded "Night Fever", the group and producer Albhy Galuten took two bars from that track, rerecorded them as a recurrent loop on a separate tape (creating the song's constant rhythm), and proceeded with sessions for "Stayin' Alive". The group jokingly listed the drummer as "Bernard Lupe" (a takeoff on session drummer Bernard Purdie). Lupe became a highly sought-after drummer—until it was discovered that he did not exist.

Albhy Galuten talks about the recording of "Stayin' Alive":

"Barry and I listened carefully to find a bar that felt really good. Everyone knows that it's more about feel than accuracy in drum tracks. We chose a bar that felt so good that we ended up using that same loop on 'Stayin' Alive,' and 'More Than a Woman,' and then again on Barbra Streisand's song 'Woman in Love.' To make the loop, we copied the drums onto one-quarter-inch tape. Karl spliced the tape and jerry rigged it so that it was going over a mic stand and around a plastic reel. At first, we were doing it just as a temporary measure. As we started to lay tracks down to it, we found that it felt really great-very insistent but not machinelike. It had a human feel. By the time we had overdubbed all the parts to the songs and Dennis came back, there was no way we could get rid of the loop."

In their work together, Gibb and Galuten had tried playing with a click track as Galuten explained:

"While today's musicians know how to get a good groove with the click, back then, if you used a click track you rarely got a good feel. The loop crossed the boundary giving us music that was in time with a good feel. If I had been working for a technology company then and knew what I was doing, I would have tried to patent the idea. Nonetheless, it changed a lot of things. That first loop was a watershed event in our life and times."

Release
The song was not initially scheduled for release, with "How Deep Is Your Love" selected as lead single, but fans called radio stations and RSO Records requesting the song immediately after seeing trailers for Saturday Night Fever, featuring the track over the aforementioned introductory scene. The single was eventually released in mid-December, a month after the album, and moved to the top of the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States in February, where it stayed for four weeks. Soon after, it slid to number two, near the third hit from the album, "Night Fever". In the United Kingdom, "Stayin' Alive" was not as popular as it was in the United States, but was still a hit, reaching number four.

Further demonstrating the Bee Gees' US chart domination in 1978, "Stayin' Alive" was replaced at number one with the group's younger brother Andy Gibb's single, "Love Is Thicker Than Water", followed by the Bee Gees' "Night Fever" for their longest run, eight weeks. This was then replaced by Yvonne Elliman's "If I Can't Have You". Barry Gibb had a hand in writing all four of these songs, becoming the only person in history to write four successive US number-one singles. Besides the version that appeared on the soundtrack album (4:43 in length) and the edited 45RPM single for Top 40 radio release (3:29), there was yet another version, from the same recording session but of a slightly different mix, that was distributed on twelve-inch vinyl to club DJs and radio stations that specialised in airing longer versions of hit songs. This "Special Disco Version" featured all the same parts as the album version but had a horn rhythm section interjected twice. Although twelve-inch disco mixes were usually sped up, this version was slowed down slightly. It is the longest version of "Stayin' Alive" ever made, and faded at 6:59. It was finally released on CD in 2007 by Reprise on an expanded and remastered version of Bee Gees Greatest.

Initial plans were for Yvonne Elliman, then known for ballads, to record "How Deep Is Your Love" for Saturday Night Fever, while the Bee Gees produced their own version of the more disco-oriented "If I Can't Have You" for the film. Robert Stigwood thought he would prefer the songs from different genders and directed the group to cut the ballad, while Elliman cut "If I Can't Have You" with her usual producer Freddie Perren. Satisfied with this switch, Elliman's interpretation made the soundtrack, while the Bee Gees' version was relegated to the B-side of the "Stayin' Alive" single. The brothers' version has since appeared on CD in hits compilations.

George Martin commented about this song saying: "The great thing about 'Stayin' Alive' is that it had a great guitar hook to start with which set up the theme, that pulsating beat. It's no coincidence, by the way, that the disco beat of 120 [sic] beats per minute coincides the heartbeat of your heart when you're excited. This was a key thing which underlined the whole tune, and when the vocals came in, the vocals were so designed that they pushed that beat further".

Billboard magazine reviewed the single calling it one of the Bee Gees best songs and an "almost irresistible dance tune." A reviewer from Cash Box said that it "combines catchy melodies, falsetto harmonies and a dancing beat in a package that will lead to big pop and R&B chart numbers." Record World called it "a pulsing, rather ominous dance tune."

Music video
The accompanying music video for the song is of an entirely different concept from Saturday Night Fever. Filmed on MGM Studios' backlot #2 in Culver City, California, while the group was simultaneously filming the movie Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band on the lot, the video featured Quality Street (a set that was used for such films as The Three Musketeers and Young Frankenstein) as well as the Grand Central Station set used in the films The Band Wagon and the opening of That's Entertainment! with Fred Astaire. As the group walks past one of the railway cars in the video, the words "New York Central" can be seen printed on the side of the train above a passenger window. The MGM art directors added this bit of authenticity because the actual New York Central Railroad operated several lines from Grand Central Terminal in New York City during the 20th century until 1969.

Personnel
Credits.
 * Barry Gibb – lead and harmony vocals, rhythm guitar
 * Robin Gibb – lead and harmony vocals
 * Maurice Gibb – harmony and backing vocals, bass
 * Alan Kendall – lead guitar
 * Blue Weaver – keyboards
 * Bernard Lupe (Dennis Bryon) – drums
 * Joe Lala – timbales

Track listing

 * "Stayin' Alive" – 3:29
 * "If I Can't Have You" – 3:25

1989 reissue

 * "Stayin' Alive" – 4:45
 * "Subway" – 4:20
 * "Love So Right" – 3:33

Use in medical training
"Stayin' Alive" was used in a study to train medical professionals to provide the correct number of chest compressions per minute while performing CPR. The song has around 103 beats per minute, and 100–120 chest compressions per minute are recommended by the British Heart Foundation and endorsed by the Resuscitation Council (UK). A study on medical professionals found that the quality of CPR is better when thinking of the song "Stayin' Alive". This was parodied in the Season 5 episode of comedy series The Office "Stress Relief" and the song itself was used in a season 11 episode of the medical drama Grey's Anatomy in 2015.

On 15 June 2011, the song was featured in a Hands Only CPR PSA campaign video from the American Heart Association and featured actor and medical doctor Ken Jeong in the classic John Travolta outfit from Saturday Night Fever. Vinnie Jones starred in the British version of this CPR video in association with the British Heart Foundation shown on TV in January 2012.

Accolades
(*) indicates the list is unordered.

N-Trance version
In 1995, British electronic music group N-Trance recorded a dance version of "Stayin' Alive", with new lyrics and rapping by Ricardo da Force. This cover was released in September 1995 by All Around the World Productions as the third single from the group's debut album, Electronic Pleasure (1995). It reached number one on Australia's ARIA Singles Chart and Canada's RPM Dance/Urban chart. The song was also a major hit in Europe, reaching number two in Finland, Iceland, Italy, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom, and peaking within the top five in several other countries. On the Eurochart Hot 100, "Stayin' Alive" peaked at number three. Its music video was directed by Alex De Rakoff, featuring the group performing at a disco.

Chart performance
N-Trance's cover of "Stayin' Alive" peaked at number one in Australia and on the RPM Dance/Urban chart in Canada. In Europe, it peaked at number one in Scotland and reached number two in Finland, Iceland, Italy, Switzerland, and the UK. In the latter nation, the single peaked during its first week on the UK Singles Chart, on 10 September 1995. It also reached number-one on the RM UK on a Pop Tip Club Chart. It additionally entered the top 10 in Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Ireland, Norway, Spain, and Sweden, as well as on the Eurochart Hot 100, where it rose to number three.

Outside Europe, "Stayin' Alive" went to number three in New Zealand, number nine on the Billboard Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales chart in the United States, number 56 on the RPM 100 Hit Tracks chart in Canada, and number 62 on the Billboard Hot 100. The single earned a gold record in France and Germany, a silver record in the UK, a platinum record in New Zealand, and a double-platinum record in Australia.

Critical reception
Larry Flick from Billboard commented, "U.K. import enthusiasts are already aware of this jumpy rap interpretation of the Bee Gees disco classic. Early radio reaction holds promise for a quick and successful ride up the Hot 100. There is not a whole lot of substance in TLK's rap [sic], but he certainly has a rousing, infectious style that makes the track spark. Singer Kelly Llorenna injects some bright diva flash during the bridge and chorus." James Masterton for Dotmusic stated that N-Trance "take the song into a whole new dimension". He added, "This is no ordinary cover, this is a fantastic reinterpretation that only the bold would bet against being Number One next week."

Ross Jones from The Guardian complimented the group's "knack for ingenious disco updates". A reviewer from Music Week rated the song three out of five, saying that rapper da Force "takes the mic for this radical reworking of the Bee Gees classic which isn't Euro enough to grab the same audience as their recent international hit 'Set You Free'". James Hamilton from the Record Mirror Dance Update described it as a "jiggly rolling 0–106.4bpm chugger".

Music video
A music video was made for "Stayin Alive", directed by British director Alex De Rakoff and produced by Spidercom Films. It features N-Trance performing the song at a 1970s disco.

"Stayin' Alive" (Serban mix)
On 10 February 2017, Capitol Records released a new version of the song entitled "Stayin' Alive" (Serban mix). The song was mixed by Șerban Ghenea from "hi-resolution audio files" from the original recording session of "Stayin' Alive", and it was mastered by Tom Coyne. The single was released in commemoration of the 40th anniversary of the Saturday Night Fever (1977) soundtrack.

Track listing

 * Digital download
 * 1) "Stayin' Alive" (Serban mix) – 4:57

Other media
Greek singer Bessy Argyraki released a Greek language version of the song called "Pio Dynata" in the 1970's.

The song is used in the 1980 comedy film Airplane!. During a bar-room fight, the song accidentally starts playing on a jukebox, turning the scene into a parody of Saturday Night Fever. Zucker, Abrahams and Zucker sped the track up by 10% in the film, and had to get permission from the Gibb brothers to do so.

In the BBC show Sherlock, it is a ringtone of Jim Moriarty, in its series two premiere on New Year's Day, 2012. It is also heard in the series two finale, when Moriarty tells Sherlock that their final problem is 'Stayin' Alive', whilst playing the song on his phone.

A Japanese language cover version by Avu-chan appeared on the soundtrack to the 2022 film, Bullet Train.

title: Stayin' Alive


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kingsley peiris

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. Golbez 01:07, Jun 20, 2005 (UTC)

Kingsley peiris
Really short article and get's little relavent hits on google as well as not showing anything that meets WP:MUSIC. Delete. Sasquatch′↔Talk↔Contributions 04:35, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete fails wiki guidelines. JamesBurns 10:54, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: Fails most criteria, including my law. Geogre 16:54, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nonnotable. mikka (t) 23:02, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text: User talk:24.251.143.179

title: User talk:24.251.143.179


text:
Ray Mack

Raymond James Mack (born Raymond James Mlckovsky, August 31, 1916 – May 7, 1969) was a second baseman in Major League Baseball from 1938 to 1946 with the Cleveland Indians and in 1947 with the New York Yankees and Chicago Cubs. In a nine-season career, he had a batting average of .232 with 34 home runs and 278 RBIs. He stole 35 bases, scored 273 runs, and accumulated 113 doubles and 24 triples. He had 629 career hits in 2,707 at-bats.

Mack attended Case School of Applied Science, now known as Case Western Reserve University, where he was known as an outstanding football player, earning the nickname the "Case Ace. " In fact, he was drafted by the Chicago Bears in the 1938 NFL Draft, but declined professional football to play his passion of baseball. After playing semipro baseball, we was eventually scouted and signed by the Cleveland Indians in 1938.

Mack was born in Cleveland, Ohio. Listed as 6 ft tall and 200 lb, he was known more for his fielding than his hitting, teaming up with Cleveland shortstop Lou Boudreau for a great double play combination in the early 1940s. Mack was selected to the 1940 American League All-Star team and pinch hit for starting second baseman Joe Gordon in the eighth inning. Mack struck out against Larry French of the Cubs and handled no chances in the field as the AL bowed, 4–0, at Sportsman's Park. Ironically, Gordon would succeed Mack as the Indians' regular second baseman in 1947.

Mack ended with a .966 career fielding percentage and helped complete 597 double plays. He saved Bob Feller's 1940 opening day no-hitter with a diving stop on the final out. After the 1946 season, Mack was traded to the Yankees by new Indians' owner Bill Veeck. It was one of many deals orchestrated by Veeck, but in it Cleveland obtained pitcher Gene Bearden, who would pitch the Tribe to the 1948 pennant as a rookie.

Mack died in Bucyrus, Ohio. His son, Tom played for the Los Angeles Rams in the National Football League and was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1999.

title: Ray Mack


text:
Pierre Carreau

Pierre J. Carreau is a rheologist, the author of the model of Carreau fluid. He is a professor emeritus at École Polytechnique in Montreal and the founding director of CREPEC (Center for Applied Research on Polymers and Composites presently named Center for Research on High Performance Polymer and Composite Systems).

Pierre Carreau is internationally known for his research work on the rheology of polymers, an area in which he co-authored two books and published more than 160 scientific articles, most in leading scientific journals. His best known works on rheological equations and conformation models for polymer systems are considered benchmarks in polymer engineering. The so-called Carreau Viscosity Model is now part of most software packages for the flow simulation of flow processing.

Carreau received his BASc and MASc degrees in chemical engineering from Ecole Polytechnique of Montreal and his PhD in chemical engineering from UW-Madison in 1968. Since then, he has been a professor of chemical engineering at Ecole Polytechnique. He was chairman of the department from 1973 to 1979 and later was founding director of the Applied Research Center on Polymers, CRASP, created in 1988. He has also been a member of the Administration Board of Ecole Polytechnique of Montreal since 1995.

One of Carreau's major goals has been to bridge the gap between theory and practice, translating complex molecular theories into usable results for industry. In many areas he has developed astute concepts and showed their interest for applications. In that respect, his work on mixing of polymers with helical ribbon agitators is highly recognized by the research community as well as by engineers involved in the design of polymerization reactors and other mixing systems. Carreau's ideas have been used to design large, high performance, economical industrial reactors in the U.S. and India. He has also shown interest in using larger blade helical impellers to mix difficult viscoelastic fluids and to reduce shear and prevent degradation of highly sensitive materials, such as biomaterials.

He is a Fellow of the Chemical Institute of Canada (1989), Fellow of the Canadian Academy of Engineering (2001), a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada (2006) and a Fellow of the Society of Rheology.

title: Pierre Carreau


text:
User talk:Quagscorner

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! -- Phroziac (talk) 04:37, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Quagscorner


text:
Changji

Changji is a county-level city situated about 40 km west of the regional capital, Ürümqi in Northern Xinjiang, China and has about 390,000 inhabitants. It is the seat of Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture. At the northeast corner of the modern city are the walls and other archaeological remains of the Tang dynasty city, usually referred to as Ancient Changji.

A Federation of Industry and Commerce is at Changji. In the area around Changji crop growing, animal husbandry and oil crop growing are important parts of the economy. Changji is the home of Changji University.

Subdivisions
Changji is made up of 6 subdistricts, 8 towns, 1 township, and 1 ethnic township.

Transport
Changji is served by China National Highway 312, the Northern Xinjiang and the Second Ürümqi-Jinghe Railways.

title: Changji


text:
User talk:Jbsail

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! -- Phroziac (talk) 04:38, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
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Do you hate WCBS or something?
What was with posting that picture of Roz looking bad and that mean text with it? Are you a disgruntled employee or something? UncleFloyd 22:53, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jbsail


text:
User talk:Ethos~enwiki

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Alai 04:39, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
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Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Ethos. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Ethos~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:47, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 12:43, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ethos~enwiki


text:
User talk:Howabout1/Archive 1

This is an archive from Jan. 26, 2005 to Jun. 12, 2005. Please don't edit this.

All Ball on VfD
Hello. I listed All Ball on VfD because I thought this topic wasn't notable enough for a Wikipedia article, and should be in the Koko article. Please don't see this as messing up on your part; perhaps we just have different opinions. I'm a newbie myself (I've been a Wikipedian for about three months). Actually it was suggested that I should have merged the articles myself or suggested the merge in their Talk pages, so perhaps it was a mistake on my part. Anyway, by the current votes it looks like the article will be kept. So you can still work on it and try to improve it. Kind regards, JoaoRicardo 12:53, 2 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Koko Pic
the Koko pic comes up on my computer; let me know if problem persists. thanks for the link! User:Ombudsman 00:43, 7 Mar2005 (UTC) this was put on my user page, I rewrote it exactly Howabout1 00:30, 8 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Wikistress
I'm sorry if this is a bit stupid, but I can't figure out how to get the wikistress meter on my wikipedian page. Howabout1 03:44, 2 Apr 2005 (UTC)
 * You need to purchace a USB supported Wikistress monitor. Once you plug the monitor into your computer and insert the hypodermic Wikistress measurement probes into the back of your head, the meter will appear on your page automatically.  Oh, wait, April Fools Day is already over, isn't it?  Well, then, just put the images onto your page like you would any other image: by text such as [[Image:Wikistress3D NUMBER v3.jpg|thumbnail|325px|COMMENTS]], where NUMBER is a number from 1 to 4 measuring your current Wikistress.  --NoPetrol 07:36, 2 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Lyrics
Hello. Please do not post song lyrics to wikipedia. They are copyrighted. The JPS 19:36, 3 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Re: banning (frokonti)
Thanks for apprising me! I wasn't online the day you left your message, but Mark apparently took care of the situation by giving frokonti a permanent block. I also caught a bit of vandalism from this user that was missed by other editors, thanks to your message. Frokonti apparently returned as 169.229.36.25 today; seems this Berkeley student has a real obsession me. :) Cheers, -- Hadal 06:46, 4 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Thanks, but probably not yet!
Thank you for the Tireless Contributor Barnstar you added on my page, but I don't think I should have it! The who have been awarded this particular star is very limited, and I don't consider myself there yet. I would feel more at ease if you removed it until I feel more comfortable about it. I appreciate the sentiment behind the gesture though, and thank you! -- Brhaspati\talk/contribs 02:37, 2005 Apr 7 (UTC)
 * Just a quick note to say that I've commented the barnstar out. I feel that I need to be here a few more months for that. Thanks once again for the thought behind the gesture! -- Brhaspati\talk/contribs 03:11, 2005 Apr 7 (UTC)

Www.google.com
Was there a reason why you changed the VFD tag you placed on www.google.com to a cleanup tag? I for one think the VFD tag was more appropriate--it seems as clear an instance of "completely idiosyncratic non-topic" as I've ever seen, and the only other contribution of the anonymous user who started the page are was a series of vandalism edits to Pope John Paul I. Nor can I think of anything that could go in this article that wouldn't just be a duplicate of the article on Google. I'd like to get the article deleted (in fact, I'd like to get it speedily deleted) but, since you chose to remove the VFD tag, wanted to check with you before I did so. Binabik80 18:50, 7 Apr 2005 (UTC)

re: create article
sorry, that was an accident.. I don't know what exactly happened, but it may have been deleted while I was adding my ({del}} tag, and thus I "created" the page again. DDerby 01:53, 10 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Linking contributions
Hi, Howabout1, I saw your question to MacGyverMagic when replying to him, so I figured I'd answer it. You can link contributions in the form Special:Contributions/Howabout1; obviously, you can substitute any user name or IP address. Hope this helps, and sorry for eavesdropping! — Knowledge Seeker দ 07:52, 12 Apr 2005 (UTC)

It can also be found at Special:Contributions&target=Howabout1 and you can make the link look nicer using piped links. I hope that helps. Mgm|(talk) 07:53, Apr 12, 2005 (UTC)

Re: thanks
You're welcome. And thanks for the WikiThanks. Incidentally, if you like, instead of using an external link you can link to the Wikipediholic test using, which gives Score — Knowledge Seeker দ 06:05, 13 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Thanks!
Thanks for the welcome. The article on the new Pope is obviously a gigantic bone of contention. I hoped to make some small degree of positive contribution where I could, and only where I had great certainty that I actually knew what I was talking about. Cheers! sk4p 19:39, 20 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Can I Call on You??
Many thanks for the welcome message on my Talk page. The links are very helpful.

As you know, I am really new to this project, and am trying to get up to speed on all the in's and out's. But with limited time at my disposal, it will take awhile.

Who do I call on if I need help, or want a question answered? Can I call on you, or is there someone else?

Many thanks!

Sherubtse 15:21, Apr 21, 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for the support
Thank you for supporting my RfA. I hope to be worthy of your support. Phils 19:36, 21 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Just What I Need
Thanks for the link to the help desk that you put on my talk page. It was exactly what I need. At this point i have no questions, but I wanted info on where I could go to get help and support for when I do have questions!

Thanks! Sherubtse 18:36, Apr 22, 2005 (UTC)

Thanks
Thank you very much for the welcome. Take care. --Whimemsz 16:34, Apr 23, 2005 (UTC)

My adminship: thanks!
Hi Howabout1. Thanks very much for your vote for my RfA. I promise to be prudent, wise, sagacious and totally unilateral in all my admin affairs. I should say that I am very pleased at the number of people who supported me – it's very nice to know I'm making a positive impact. Cheers again, Smoddy (Rabbit and pork) 20:57, 24 Apr 2005 (UTC)

/meta/color
Howabout1, please see Template:Election box. 80N 20:01, Apr 25, 2005 (UTC)

Re: vandal
Hey, just wanted to say, don't worry about that user page vandal. Many people consider it a "badge of honor" of sorts to have their user pages vandalized. Especially if you are active in fighting vandalism, you can expect it to happen. I remember someone remarking, half in jest, that he wouldn't vote for someone to be an administrator unless their user page had been vandalized at least once. — Knowledge Seeker দ 20:02, 25 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Barnstar
Many thanks for the barnstar - it's always great to receive some praise! It's now decorating my user page. Warofdreams 11:30, 27 Apr 2005 (UTC)

Thanks for your welcome
It feels nice to get a message. I want to know one thing. Please help me - on my page, I mean user page how to write so that clicking would take to that page - say, if I want to write User:MissingLinks will it go to my page - let me experiment, then u may delete this communication. Thanks again.--MissingLinks 15:56, 1 May 2005 (UTC)wow perhaps it worked--MissingLinks 15:57, 1 May 2005 (UTC)

My RFA
Thank you for your comments on my RFA. Although the voting period just ended with a 14-8-2 vote, I will admit once and for all that I used it more as an evaluation of myself. Being promoted would have been a plus. I was more interested in who voted, when they voted, who would change their votes and when, and the comments I would receive. Hopefully I will correct the main weakness that was raised by those who voted oppose -- that I was too eager to put articles on VFD. Also, I will try to interact more with those Wikipedians who did not vote at all.

As for next month, I don't know if I will nominate myself again. I might not think about it until somebody else puts me up there on RFA at a later date. Eventually, I see myself as an admin, especially as the number of articles and users continues to grow. Thanks again and good luck at improving this vast archive of free knowledge. Zzyzx11 (Talk) 09:17, 3 May 2005 (UTC)

Shirley Temple - Good One!!!
I have a vast to-do list, but Shirley Temple never crossed my mind. I feel stupid, but grateful. I'm going to move it to "T" and add a little. A lovely add - the list thanks you. I thank you. A virtual margarita to you. --Mothperson 14:16, 4 May 2005 (UTC)

When I first saw that you'd wikied the Shirley Temple ingredients, I thought - good idea. Then I remembered why I don't do it. If you look at the page, there's just too much to underline. So I've un-underlined, but you've made me think I ought to go ask for dispensation from the Wiki gods' representatives. So, thanks again. --Mothperson 16:16, 5 May 2005 (UTC)

Like the others above me
I'd like to thank you for your welcome :).

EDIT: D'oh, forgot my name :P DodgeK 23:44, 5 May 2005 (UTC)

EDIT2: Sorry, I'm new to the wiki markup ;).

Thanks
Thanks for the welcome. I'm glad that there are enough Wikiholics to greet new users as well as maintain Wikipedia. Daev 00:18, 8 May 2005 (UTC)

Sock puppet
I am broken. I am here for a reason.

You just posted something on my talk page asking if this was a sock puppet account. I want to assure you that it is not. I am quite new to wikipedia, however, my friend, known to you as 1 black hand, has a little more experience. She wishes me to add that she is not a 'him'--Broken

Principles
Not at all! I'd be honored! Everyking 04:20, 15 May 2005 (UTC)

Another Thanks
Thank you for your welcome. I found your links very handy. bearblue 18:31, May 19, 2005 (UTC)

Re:Welcome Back
Thank you for welcoming me back. If you saw what I wrote on my user page, I put in a few self-imposed restrictions on myself so I would not get a very high wikistress again that caused me to leave in the first place. See ya around. Zzyzx11 (Talk) 03:08, 21 May 2005 (UTC)

User talk:BeBop
Heya, I've marked your message at User talk:BeBop for deletion, as there's no such user (the User: page was a newbie test). Hope that's ok. --W(t) 02:12, 2005 May 29 (UTC)
 * Are you sure he wasn't a real user whose user page was created by an unrelated IP? Howabout1 02:15, 29 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Nope, you can tell because User: and User talk: pages of existing users have User contributions and E-mail this user in the toolbox at the bottom left (in the monobook skin), whereas those of nonexistant users don't. --W(t) 02:19, 2005 May 29 (UTC)

Thank you for the welcome! BeBop 02:33, 29 May 2005 (UTC)

Barnstar
Thank you for the barnstar and the Wikilove it represents. I will cherish it always and even have a cleaning person come in every week to keep it polished! -- Cecropia | explains it all ® 15:04, 29 May 2005 (UTC)

Notifying admins
Hey, it's great that you notify admins about vandals, but you miiiiiight wanna take a look at the block list to make sure they're not already gone ;) ... 9 minutes later ... Cheers ;) CryptoDerk 23:46, May 29, 2005 (UTC)
 * 19:02, May 29, 2005, CryptoDerk blocked Monkeynerd (expires indefinite) (contribs) (unblock) (page move vandal)
 * 19:11, May 29, 2005 (hist) (diff) User talk:Hadal (Monkeyners)
 * Don't apologize! Just pointing it out.  Cheers. CryptoDerk 23:52, May 29, 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the head's up anyway, even though I was on a bit of a self-imposed hiatus over the past three days. Wikipedia works because so many people are watching; so please keep it up! Cheers, -- Hadal 01:57, 31 May 2005 (UTC)

Thanks!
Thanks for the links on my talkpage, I've perused a couple of them before, but some are harder to find than others, so I really appreciate the handy-dandy list. Oh, and the tilde thing too...thanks again! :) StopTheFiling 17:43, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)

Quote
Hi again, Howabout1; thanks for quoting me! I feel honored! Just wanted to suggest that you consider putting a ("referring to self") or something similar, so that people don't think I was insulting someone else. I don't know if they would think that, so it's just a suggestion, and it's totally up to you either way. Thanks! — Knowledge Seeker দ 03:54, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Changed my mind. I like it the way it is. — Knowledge Seeker দ 03:55, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

My RFA: Thanks
Thank you for your support on my RFA. Now that I have been promoted, I promise to be as hardworking and fair with the admin tools as I have been with the other areas here on Wikipedia. See you around and happy editing. Zzyzx11 (Talk) 00:55, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Counting
Ach, yes, I know. I realised as soon as I saw the lines on my watchlist "updating vote tally". I do try. I'm just a little stupid sometimes... Cheers, smoddy 09:05, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Replacing the @ sign in e-mail addresses
The reason why I replace the '@' and '.' characters with the strings 'AT' and 'DOT' in e-mail addresses is primarily to limit the exposure of the posted e-mail account to spam. Some spamming software is capable of parsing through webpages and picking out e-mail addresses automatically.

By replacing the characters in the e-mail address, it makes it harder for these programs to do so. It's not foolsafe though, but at least it's better than having an address that is an easy target for these programs. It also ensures that if e-mail is sent to such an account, it will likely be done by a person - and not by a program. As an example, see how the e-mail addresses listed at Wikipedia's Arbitration Committee are presented.

Some people go as far as saving their e-mail address as an image - in which case, it becomes extremely difficult for automatic programs to find the e-mail address to spam. I've even seen on a user page in Wikipedia an e-mail address rendered in Greek letters made to look like English letters - just to prevent spam! Since the reference desk and help desk pages are quite public (and could be replicated to other webpages), I thought that it would be a courtesy to edit the e-mail addresses for these people. Just thought it would be a nice thing to do, that's all! :) --HappyCamper 21:10, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Howabout1/Archive 1


text:
User talk:Frontierbrass

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! -- Phroziac (talk) 04:40, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Frontierbrass


text: User:Paramendra

title: User:Paramendra


text:
Code of silence

A code of silence is a condition in effect when a person opts to withhold what is believed to be vital or important information voluntarily or involuntarily.

The code of silence is usually followed because of threat of force or danger to oneself, or being branded as a traitor or an outcast within the unit or organization, as the experience of police whistleblower Frank Serpico illustrates. Police are known to have a well-developed blue wall of silence.

A more well-known example of the code of silence is omertà (Italian: omertà, from the Latin: humilitas=humility or modesty), the Mafia code of silence.

title: Code of silence


text:
User talk:Madrone

Hi.

Please leave a message after the beep

BEEP

Replaceable fair use File:ElizabethHoffmanSG1.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:ElizabethHoffmanSG1.jpg. I noticed that this file is being used under a claim of fair use. However, I think that the way it is being used fails the first non-free content criterion. This criterion states that files used under claims of fair use may have no free equivalent; in other words, if the file could be adequately covered by a freely-licensed file or by text alone, then it may not be used on Wikipedia. If you believe this file is not replaceable, please:

 * 1) Go to the file description page and add the text  below the original replaceable fair use template, replacing   with a short explanation of why the file is not replaceable.
 * 2) On the file discussion page, write a full explanation of why you believe the file is not replaceable.

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If you have uploaded other non-free media, consider checking that you have specified how these media fully satisfy our non-free content criteria. You can find a list of description pages you have edited by clicking on [ this link]. Note that even if you follow steps 1 and 2 above, non-free media which could be replaced by freely licensed alternatives will be deleted 2 days after this notification (7 days if uploaded before 13 July 2006), per the non-free content policy. If you have any questions, please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. Ron h jones (Talk) 18:49, 15 March 2018 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image File:ElizabethHoffmanSG1.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:ElizabethHoffmanSG1.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described in section F5 of the criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. --B-bot (talk) 17:38, 13 May 2018 (UTC)

The one with the whales listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect The one with the whales. Since you had some involvement with the The one with the whales redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion if you wish to do so. – Fayenatic  L ondon 13:33, 20 July 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:Madrone


text: User talk:69.107.139.138

title: User talk:69.107.139.138


text:
User talk:Hanpamono

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! -- Phroziac (talk) 04:43, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
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 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

Proposed deletion of Gem-Difluoroalkene

The article Gem-Difluoroalkene has been proposed for deletion because of the following concern: "Completely uncited, and the claim of notability ('unique reactivity...alkenes can react...with nucleophiles') is not at all unique. Enones are the most obvious example."

While all constructive contributions to Wikipedia are appreciated, pages may be deleted for any of several reasons.

You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the notice, but please explain why in your edit summary or on the article's talk page.

Please consider improving the page to address the issues raised. Removing will stop the proposed deletion process, but other deletion processes exist. In particular, the speedy deletion process can result in deletion without discussion, and articles for deletion allows discussion to reach consensus for deletion. DMacks (talk) 03:12, 14 February 2019 (UTC)

title: User talk:Hanpamono


text: Template:Severn from Bewdley to Gloucester


text:
Avram Glazer

Avram A. Glazer (born October 19, 1960) is an American businessman. He is a member of the Glazer family (a son of Malcolm Glazer), who own the Tampa Bay Buccaneers of the National Football League (NFL) and hold a majority ownership stake in English Premier League club Manchester United.

Early life and education
Glazer was born to Linda and Malcolm Glazer, American businessman and billionaire. He has four brothers and a sister: Kevin E. Glazer; Bryan Glazer; Joel Glazer; Darcie S. Glazer Kassewitz; and Edward S. Glazer. Glazer grew up in Rochester, New York, attended Pittsford Mendon High School and was the Junior Achievement Outstanding Young Businessman Of The Year in 1978. Glazer received his Bachelor of Science in Business Administration from Washington University in St. Louis in 1982 and graduated from the Washington College of Law at American University in 1985. He also studied at the Emory University School of Law, Peking University and Fudan University in Shanghai. He is Jewish.

Career
Since 2005, Glazer has been the Executive Co-Chairman of Manchester United. Manchester United is the world's most popular sports team with 1.1 billion fans. During Glazer's tenure, Manchester United have won 25 trophies which include: five Premier League titles (2007, 2008, 2009, 2011 and 2013), the Champions League title (2008), five League Cups (2006, 2009, 2010, 2017, 2023), two FA Cups (2016, 2023), the FIFA Club World Cup (2008), six FA Community Shield's (2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2016), the Europa League title (2017), the Woman's Championship (2019), the Woman's FA Cup (2024) and two FA Youth Cups (2011, 2022). Manchester United was one of 12 clubs involved in the 2021 attempt to establish a European Super League.

Avram Glazer has been an owner of the NFL's Tampa Bay Buccaneers since 1995. The Buccaneers have won two Super Bowls (Super Bowl XXXVII and Super Bowl LV) during the Glazers' tenure as owners.

In December 2023, Manchester United announced that as a result of its strategic review process, Sir Jim Ratcliffe would purchase a 25% ownership stake in Manchester United, valuing the club at $6.3 billion.

From 1995 until 2009, he was also the former chairman and chief executive officer of Zapata Corporation, the energy company founded by President George H.W. Bush. He was also formerly chairman and chief executive officer of both Safety Components International and Omega Protein Corporation. He was formerly a member of the board of directors of Specialty Equipment Corporation.

Philanthropy
Glazer helped fund the Glazer Children's Museum in Tampa, Florida. Glazer and his wife Jill also made possible the Glazer Family Club at Tulane University's Yulman Stadium. Glazer received the Distinguished Alumni award in 2013 from Washington University in St. Louis, where he is also a member of the Board of Trustees. Glazer was recognized with the Sigma Alpha Mu Man Of The Year Award in 2023. Avram Glazer is a member of the Board of the Glazer Vision Foundation.

Personal life
Glazer is married to Jill Henkin Glazer, a Tulane University graduate and former member of its board of trustees. They live in New Orleans.

title: Avram Glazer


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Star Map

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page, if it exists; or after the end of this archived section. The result of the debate was DELETE. JeremyA 00:36, 24 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Star Map
Should be merged into KOTOR and or deleted if anything. Non-notable game object.Sasquatch′↔Talk↔Contributions 04:45, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Please note that anything that is merged cannot be deleted as it needs its edit history preserved. (See: Guide to Votes for Deletion) - Mgm|(talk) 09:58, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)

 * As the KOTOR article is set up right now (with no real game information), I vote to just delete this. Frankly, I'm surprised a legitimate star map article hasn't been written yet. -- Grev -- Talk 04:55, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * This stub is too vague. It should be re written or merged or deleted! delete Leningrad
 * Delete: Sheesh! I played the game, won it a few times, and there is absolutely no way that anyone would be searching for an article on this.  For pity's sake, it's just a game thing.  Play the game, don't talk about it. Geogre 16:55, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * A star map is, technically, a map of stars that appears in any number of science fiction books, games and films. Delete and redirect to Interstellar_travel. Radiant_ >|< 08:59, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)

 * ''The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be placed on a related article talk page, if one exists; in an undeletion request, if it does not; or below this section.


text: User talk:72.21.33.202

title: User talk:72.21.33.202


text:
Police K-9 Unit (Singapore)

The Police K-9 Unit, formerly the Police Dog Unit (PDU) is a specialist force of the Singapore Police Force (SPF) under the direct command of the Special Operations Command. It specialises in the training of police dogs in explosive detection, drug detection, guard duties, anti-crime operations, helping detain criminals, and general purposes. The Singapore K-9 unit works in collaboration with the rest of the SPF and the Home Team.

Historical background
Dogs were first used in police work in Singapore when an Airedale Terrier was acquired from a British army officer to aid in the search of escaped prisoners in 1911, although this was ceased prematurely the following year when the dog perished. They did not return until the 1950s, when the positive experiences of utilising police dogs in the United Kingdom demonstrated their usefulness. This prompted the Singapore authorities to send Chief Inspector Frank C Pestana to the Metropolitan Dog Training School for a 3-month Dog Instructor Course in 1954.

Upon his return with four German Shepherds, the forerunner of the PDU was established at the Police Training School (now the Training Command) at Thomson Road in 1955. These dogs were used for a variety of roles, including the suppression of secret society activities, crowd control, anti-house breaking patrols and the tracking of criminals. The Customs & Excise Department's canine unit and Prisons Department's canine unit were absorbed in 1987 and 1995 respectively. The last remaining canine unit under Singapore's group of domestic law enforcement agencies, belonging to Singapore Civil Defence Force was colocated with PDU.

The PDU has since grown to over 250 dogs today. Its new base at Mowbray Road was officially opened on 31 January 2004, having moved to the Choa Chu Kang site from the old Mowbray Camp at Ulu Pandan Road together with the Singapore Armed Forces Military Police Command.

title: Police K-9 Unit (Singapore)


text:
Talk:Sonne (single)

Is there really any difference between this and Sonne? It's basically the same and that one was created first, so I guess this should be made into a redirect, right? Thunderbrand 04:47, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sonne (single)


text:
User:Skubasteve834

ayo

title: User:Skubasteve834


text:
Ground control

Ground control may refer to:

Aviation and spaceflight

 * Air traffic control, in charge of the controlled areas on an airport
 * Mission control center, such as the one at Johnson Space Center, responsible for spaceflight
 * UAV ground control station

Entertainment

 * 187 Lockdown, a 1990s British electronic duo that released under the name GroundControl
 * Ground Control (video game), a 2000 computer game by Massive Entertainment
 * Ground Control: Dark Conspiracy, 2000 expansion pack for Ground Control
 * Ground Control II: Operation Exodus, a 2004 video game
 * Ground Control (film), a 1998 film starring Kiefer Sutherland
 * Ground Control (album), a 2021 album by English band Rudimental

Other uses

 * The application of rock mechanics to tunneling and underground mining operations

title: Ground control


text: User talk:84.9.129.60

title: User talk:84.9.129.60


text:
Venezolana de Televisión

Corporación Venezolana de Televisión (Spanish for: Venezuelan Television Corporation) or VTV is a state-run television station based in Caracas, Venezuela, which can be seen throughout the capital and surrounding areas on channel 8. Programs that can be seen on VTV included Aló Presidente and Telesur Noticias.

VTV has produced a number of telenovelas, including titles such as Ifigenia, Doña Perfecta,1810 and La Dueña. 1984's La Dueña was perhaps its most successful and popular production.

During the Bolivarian government, VTV has been used by the government to campaign against Venezuela's opposition and Venezuela's privately owned media, with about 75% of its programming transmitted to Venezuelans consisted of Bolivarian propaganda. In 2004, VTV produced another telenovela, Amores de Barrio Adentro, but it was only seen once a week and lasted only a few months. In August 2014, VTV celebrated its 50th anniversary.

Private channel (1964–1974)
Cadena Venezolana de Televisión (CVTV) was inaugurated as a privately owned television station on August 1, 1964, at 7:30 p.m. President Raúl Leoni was chosen to be the one to cut the ribbon. Despite its name, however, it was not a nationwide television network at first, broadcasting in the Caracas area during its first years. Only in the late 1960s did the channel become a national network with the opening of stations in major cities nationwide, and became the first network to produce and broadcast a color program in 1971.

The first logo of VTV thus was the company name (CVTV) on a number 8 (reflecting its channel number in Caracas).

State channel (1974- present)
In September 1974, CVTV, after prolonged financial problems due to its competition with the better-established privately owned television networks in Venezuela, Radio Caracas Televisión and Venevisión, was purchased by the Venezuelan government and rebranded as Venezolana de Televisión (VTV). Between 1974 and 1980, VTV was funded in whole by the government, but due to an internal economic crisis, VTV was forced to air advertisements for extra revenue (this has no longer been occurring since Hugo Chávez became president in 1999). It now only broadcasts program previews and government ads instead.

After June 1, 1979, VTV, as well as the other television networks in Venezuela, were allowed, by the government of President Luis Herrera Campins, to transmit completely in color using the NTSC-M system. By 1980, the transition was complete, and VTV was then rebranded as the VTV Network (VTV Red) until 1982, together with Televisora Nacional, the other state-owned television channel in Venezuela and the first television station to be established, thus briefly uniting channels 5 and 8 into one national network.

In 1990, VTV, after a government decision to close the Televisora Nacional due to the economic situation of the country, merged it with the latter and thus began simulcasting on channel 5, system M, color NTSC (starting midday). This simulcast lasted until December 4, 1998, when the government handed over the signal of channel five to the Archbishopric of Caracas, which gave birth to Vale TV.

In 1999, VTV used a logo identical to the nicknamed "Exploding Pizza" ident used by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. By 2014, became the first Latin American station to broadcast Russia's RT Actualidad's newscast.

Politics
VTV has several times been targeted during coup attempts. VTV was a target in the 27 November 1992 coup attempt. Military officers, in rebellion against President Carlos Andrés Pérez, attacked the station, and ten station employees were killed.

Bolivarian government
Under the Bolivarian government, VTV has been used by the government as an instrument to campaign against Venezuela's opposition and Venezuela's privately owned media with about 75% of its programming transmitted to Venezuelans consisted of Bolivarian propaganda. On the evening of the 11 April 2002 coup attempt against Chávez, Enrique Mendoza, then governor of Venezuela's Miranda State, while being interviewed by Venevisión announced "a esa basura de canal la vamos a cerrar" ("We are going to shut down that trashy channel"), referring to VTV. Hours later, the Miranda state police occupied VTV and forced it off the air. It remained off the air until April 14, 2002, when Chávez was returned to power.

During the Venezuelan general strike of 2002–03, VTV would share ads depicting Venezuelans waiting in line for gas canisters with a voice saying "The opposition unleashed terrorism on the Venezuelan people and it led to hunger and unemployment. Thanks to the new PDVSA, PDVSA is for all of us, all of us are PDVSA". VTV would also alter images of pro-government rallies to make them appear larger and used outdated videos to attack opposition members or former supporters. In February 2004, the president of state television station Venezolana de Television (VTV) stated that VTV was not a state television station but a station of President Chávez's political party. VTV aired ads showing the September 11 attacks, comparing them to the opposition stating "The people know who the terrorists are". In 2005, the program Dossier was cancelled after its host and producer, Walter Martinez, accused the government of corruption.

Slogan
VTV's slogan is "El Canal de todos los Venezolanos", or "The channel of all Venezuelans". It had changed temporarily to "Desde adentro", or "From inside" but it has since been changed back.

Presidency

 * VTV's current president is Jesús Romero Anselmi. Former VTV presidents include Vladimir Villegas (who is the brother of Ernesto Villegas), Andrés Izarra, Blanca Eeckout, Maripili Hernández, and back in the 1980s and 1990, journalist Marta Colomina and Napoleon Bravo.
 * Jesús Romero Anselmi was the president of VTV before Vladimir Villegas became its president in 2002. In 2005, Romero Anselmi returned to the presidency of VTV.
 * During Rafael Caldera's second term as president, there were plans to privatize VTV. It failed when it was realized that VTV would probably not be profitable.

title: Venezolana de Televisión


text:
VCR/DVD combo

A VCR/DVD combination, VCR/DVD combo, or DVD/VCR combo, is a multiplex or converged device that allows the ability to watch both VHS tapes and DVDs. Many such players can also play additional formats such as CD and VCD.

VCR/DVD player combinations were first introduced around the year 1999, with the first model released by Go Video, model DVR5000, manufactured by Samsung Electronics. VCR/DVD combinations were sometimes criticized as being of poorer quality in terms of resolution than stand-alone units. These products also had a disadvantage in that if one function (DVD or VHS) became unusable, the entire unit needed to be replaced or repaired, though later models which suffered from DVD playback lag still functioned with the VCR.

Normally in a combo unit, it will have typical features such as recording a DVD onto VHS (on most), record a show to VHS with a digital-to-analog converter device (unless a unit has a digital TV tuner), LP recording for VHS, surround sound for Dolby Digital and DTS (DVD), component connections for DVD (although some may lack the connection), 480p progressive scan for the DVD side, VCR+, playback of tapes in a variety of playback speeds, and front A/V inputs (VCR only).

To help the consumer, they will have one or more buttons for switching the output source for ease of use. Usually, the recording capabilities are VCR exclusive, while the better picture quality is DVD exclusive, but some models include S-Video, Component, or HDMI output for VCR as well. These devices were among the only VCRs alongside some VCR/Blu-ray combos to be equipped with an HDMI port for HDTV viewing upscaling to several different types of resolutions including 1080i.

Shortly after the turn of the century, combo devices including DVD recorders (instead of players) also became available. These could be used for transferring VHS material onto recordable blank DVDs. In rare cases, such devices had component inputs to record with the best connection possible.

In July 2016, Funai Electric Co., the last remaining manufacturer of VCR/DVD combos, announced they would cease production at the end of the month due to supply and manufacturing costs, causing the demise of the combo after 17 years of production, but many models could still be found on store shelves.

title: VCR/DVD combo


text: User talk:70.19.111.5

title: User talk:70.19.111.5


text:
Talk:The Ambassadors (Holbein)

Sextant???
I neither see one, nor can I expect one, since the sextant wasn't invented until 1757 (see reflecting instrument) and the octant was not known before 1730. If you can point out what instrument is being mis-labelled, I can try identifying it correctly (old scientific instruments is a hobby of mine).

There is a torquetum and polyhedral sundial on the right and what appear to be two celestial globes (not terrestrial). --Michael Daly (talk) 21:36, 22 November 2007 (UTC)

 * The globe on the lower shelf is terrestrial . I don't know about the instruments, although see this . "The objects on the upper shelf include a celestial globe, a portable sundial and various other instruments used for understanding the heavens and measuring time. Among the objects on the lower shelf is a lute, a case of flutes, a hymn book, a book of arithmetic and a terrestrial globe" say the NG. It would be nice if someone who understands this stuff could write this up. Johnbod (talk) 22:11, 22 November 2007 (UTC)
 * Sorry, to my fading old eyes, the lower globe looked like an 18th c. illustrated star map I have (with constellation figures draw in). Oh well... I guess I should see the original...

 * The differences between what is written in the article and what is in the painting suggest to me that the article is, in parts, bordering on nonsense. The French version of this page looks a little closer to reasonable, but my knowledge of art and the topic of the painting precludes my making any changes.  I only stumbled here while verifying the links to the sextant page.  --Michael Daly (talk) 17:33, 26 November 2007 (UTC)
 * No knowledge of art should be needed to improve the description of the objects depicted. Unsurprisingly, we don't seem to have anyone with knowledge of both areas. Johnbod (talk) 17:40, 26 November 2007 (UTC)

Skull is a signasture?
In my school books, the interpretation of the skull's meaning (stated as fact) is that it's Holbein's signature: the reasoning being that his surname is Hohl + Bein = "hollow bone". 89.76.213.122 (talk) 16:46, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

 * This is certainly a valid interpretation, though I wouldn't call it a fact. qp10qp (talk) 19:50, 24 April 2008 (UTC)

National Gallery (2014) The narrator explaining this painting in the documentary says the painting is about a murder. Has anyone noticed that the left eye socket of the skull is damaged at the top?

She also says there is a crucifix top left of the painting. I have yet to spot it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.178.136.32 (talk) 01:45, 16 May 2015 (UTC)

Identity of man on the right
I have added a "dubious" tag to the interpretation that this is not de Selve. The emphasis given to this reidentification, cited to Giles Hudson, Annals of Science, 2003, gives the reader the impression that this is conclusive. Unfortunately, I do not have access to that article, but I have several books and articles dated later than 2003 that do not mention it. According to the present article, Hudson's theory is based on the 1589 inventory that identifies the man on the right as the Bishop of Auxerre; this inventory is known to scholars and the identification has been regarded as a mistake (Foister et al, Holbein's Ambassadors, 102, "Provenance", n1). Hervey's original identification of this man as de Selve was based on a seventeenth-century inventory—so if Hudson has proved her and the rest wrong, all credit to him. But for the time being, we need to have a quote from his article (is he certain or speculative?), since his theory has not gained acceptance in Holbein studies, unless I am mistaken. At present, in any case, the notion is given undue weight.

John North, in The Ambassadors' Secret, 2002 edition (published before the Hudson article, admittedly), has this to say:

 * "Riccardo Famiglietti recently found what is at present the earliest known written source claiming to identify the sitters. Dating from 1589, it makes them out to be Jean de Dinteville and his brother François, bishop of Auxerre. This was a natural enough supposition to be made by a person with limited local knowledge, since the two brothers lived together on the family estates at the end of their lives, but it is almost certainly mistaken. The bishop of Auxerre was at the French court on the date commemorated in the double portrait, having just returned from service in Rome. On 28 March he despatched a letter to his brother in London, asking him to tell the English king that he wished Henry could be at the forthcoming interview that he, François, would be having with the pope. There is no hint in the letter of any plans to visit London.

 * "Hervey's view has prevailed, and almost all subsequent work on the painting has rested heavily on her outstanding study of it. The dual portrait is explicitly signed and dated 1533, in which year Dinteville was in London, on his second diplomatic visit, to protect the interests of the French king, François I, at the court of Henry VIII. The bishop leans on a book, an inscription on the edge of which puts him in his twenty-fifth year, while Dinteville carries a dagger with an embossed inscription on the sheath putting him in his twenty-ninth year ... Despite a number of uncertainties about the precise timing of the bishop's visit to London—he arrived between February and Easter, and left before the end of May, although he might conceivably have returned—the general coherence of the evidence asembled by Hervey and others is very satisfying". (North, 8–9.)

OK, I'm going to leave these comments up here for a few days, and then, unless stayed, I propose to reduce the Hudson view to a footnote. qp10qp (talk) 00:11, 1 December 2008 (UTC)
 * The Hudson seems only to be a review of the North book, so presumably draws mainly or entirely from that, which from the above seems happy to stay with Hervey. So I think a footnote from North is enough. Johnbod (talk) 03:57, 1 December 2008 (UTC)

Why "unresolved"?
By the way, the assertion at the end of that paragraph that "Unresolved is why the inscription on the side of the book upon which the figure on the right is leaning states "AETATIS SVAE 25" ("his age is 25), while the figure on the left's dagger has the inscription "AET. SVAE 29" (abbreviated Latin for "he is 29")" strikes me as odd: there is nothing unresolved to me about the ages of the two men as given in the picture. qp10qp (talk) 20:00, 29 November 2008 (UTC)
 * "unresolved", I expect, because it conflicts with the new theory. Johnbod (talk) 20:26, 29 November 2008 (UTC)
 * Aha, unreconciled! qp10qp (talk) 21:07, 29 November 2008 (UTC)

terrestrial globe
Where exactly is the ambassador's hand (resting on table) pointing to on the terrestrial globe? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Cseewiki (talk • contribs) 20:01, 22 October 2009 (UTC)

Anamorphic skull
The article currently reads: "the viewer must approach the painting nearly from the side to see the form morph into an accurate rendering of a human skull". Last time I saw this painting (maybe 30 years ago), the gallery had it on a stand by itself. I don't think I was able to make any sense of the streak in the centre of it from the left side. As I moved to the right side of the painting, the streak became recognisably a skull. Yet, not accurately: it remained horizontally elongated, as I think it is in the photo. It appeared that the only way in which the skull might be seen in accurate proportion would be from exactly beside the right side of the painting - a position from which, in fact, none of the painting's surface could be seen. Freaky! --Wikiain (talk) 01:18, 16 February 2012 (UTC)
 * I've just been trying this on my computer screen. You need to be looking down on the picture for the skull to appear normal.  To me this suggests the stairwell theory makes sense, but the skull would appear to people walking down the stairs, not up as stated in the article. Bombot (talk) 05:27, 7 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Working with the actual picture in the gallery, it would work well if the painting was hung just beside a doorway, perhaps to/from more intimate rooms. As you came into the room with the painting a glance to your right would show the skull nicely - no stairs are required. Johnbod (talk) 11:34, 7 April 2012 (UTC)
 * The fascinating Video proposing an explanation as to how the anamorphic projection was made comes close to all of these. It proposes that the picture was to be seen by people entering through one of two doors to the room in which it was hung.  Though it also says (at 6.54) "you need to cover one eye".  Not a normal expectation of a viewer.  One eye has to be allowed life, the other to be played dead.  That can work if, as in the National Gallery when I saw it, the picture is on an easel and one can approach it directly from the side - but it presumably won't work if the picture is on a wall.  So, it seems, even closer to what I was suggesting.  But much depends on what is going to be accepted as a "correct" view of the image.  The video accepts that filling a perfect square, while intuitively attractive, has a degree of arbitrariness.  And BTW are there things to discuss about whether in that time perfection of form was supposed to lie in the circular (or spherical) rather than the square, and the extent to which death should be represented as perfectly formed?  --Wikiain (talk) 00:50, 19 August 2012 (UTC)

Anamorphic paintings weren't all that uncommon in the mid-sixteenth century. Holbein's successor as court painter, William Scrots, painted an anamorphic portrait of Henry VIII's successor, Edward VI. That portrait appears to have a small scoop cut out of the right hand side of the frame: enlarge the image on Scrots's wiki page. In that image you can see the letters E and P (for Edwardus Princeps I'd guess), with the P on the left noticeably larger than the E on the right. In that case the artist clearly meant the image to be viewed from the right, to equalize the size of the letters. I can't see any similar clue for the skull, though.Thomas Peardew (talk) 15:48, 10 March 2015 (UTC)

Hymn/psalm book
The text says "hymnbook", the caption "psalmbook". Which is right? The detail-picture doesn't look like Luther's translation of Psalm XIX. And should WP say "hymnbook" and "psalmbook" or "hymnal" and "psalter"? I'd incline to the modern terms, "hymnbook" and "psalmbook". --Wikiain (talk) 01:25, 17 February 2012 (UTC)

File:Hans Holbein the Younger - The Ambassadors - Google Art Project.jpg to appear as POTD soon
Hello! This is a note to let the editors of this article know that File:Hans Holbein the Younger - The Ambassadors - Google Art Project.jpg will be appearing as picture of the day on April 28, 2012. You can view and edit the POTD blurb at Template:POTD/2012-04-28. If this article needs any attention or maintenance, it would be preferable if that could be done before its appearance on the Main Page so Wikipedia doesn't look bad. :) Thanks! — howcheng  {chat} 20:39, 26 April 2012 (UTC)

Why fragments showing the globe and the psalmbook are of such poor quality?
The painting itself is of ENORMOUS resolution (more than 22 thousand pix in each direction), yet the "fragments" showing the globe and the psalmbook are poor quality scans from some printed matter (a book, I suppose). Why iit is so? The relevant fragment of the painting itself (the jpg file) viewed in actual size (@ 100% zoom) are several times as big as those scans - and their quality is much, much better. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 62.21.126.49 (talk) 08:22, 28 April 2012 (UTC)
 * I updated the globe detail, but I can't figure out how to manipulate the image so that you can look at the psalm book from a top-down view. — howcheng  {chat} 02:41, 30 April 2012 (UTC)

Proposed external link
I have been working on a system for annotating high-resolution images, called ImageDiver, and have used it to create an  album   for The Ambassadors. The annotations in the album mirror the content of the Wikipedia page.

I request that a link to this page be added to the external links section, reading perhaps:

The Ambassadors, Zoomable and Annotated

In my own opinion, the ImageDiver page serves as a useful complement to the narrative prose of the Wikipedia article, in that it allows image-based navigation of the descriptive material associated with the painting.

As the author of ImageDiver, I have a conflict of interest, but hope that other editors will agree that the link will be helpful to Wikipedia readers, on the merits.

ImageDiver is a personal, not a corporate, project. I am not representing anyone else nor any other entity in this. ImageDiver albums are hosted at Amazon's S3.

In this note, I have attempted to adhere to Suggestions_for_COI_compliance.

ChrisGoad (talk) 18:17, 18 August 2012 (UTC)
 * Ok, added Johnbod (talk) 19:59, 18 August 2012 (UTC)
 * Thanks! ChrisGoad (talk) 22:38, 18 August 2012 (UTC)

Square and compasses?
I believe the object under the neck of the lute to be a set of compasses. Am I correct that the object acting as a bookmark in the book of arithmetic is a mason's square? Nuttyskin (talk) 15:54, 26 March 2013 (UTC)

The Cosmati floor is also symbolic of plenipotentiary power, among the 5 Monarchies of the Papal Concilium (England: Westminster, France: Reims, HRE: Aachen, Spain and Portugal were outside of Christian influence at the time, but one might add Ravenna for the Papacy), see Craig Wright, The Maze and the Warrior, with the imputation that these floors are truncated labyrinths. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 94.9.39.250 (talk) 12:03, 10 December 2021 (UTC)

In re: Anamorphic skull section content
It is ridiculous for interpretation of a classic Holbein feature in the visual arts, to rest on a pop webpage about words. 71.239.87.100 (talk) 21:47, 19 September 2014 (UTC)
 * I agree the source is not ideal. But I'd be surprised if this hypothesis wasn't lifted from elsewhere. Critics have had nearly 500 years to comment on this painting, after all. I see that Anamorphosis is devoid of any sources at all for Holbein, apart from an undated National Gallery publication. There is quite a full review of the Foister et al (1997) book, from the Sixteenth Century Journal here: Martinevans123 (talk) 12:08, 25 January 2015 (UTC)
 * I see there is already some discussion about the skull, and how it may be viewed, six threads above. Martinevans123 (talk) 17:02, 25 January 2015 (UTC)

Further criticism
On further reading, this article appears to be beyond simple editing, apart from those who created the existing version.

To begin with, the current article structure ignores any substantive background on the artist (no section appearing, rather admixing the introduction to Holbein into "Description" of the painting). It then (actually concurrently) launches into interpretations before careful image description (all the while largely ignoring the need to present consistent, solid, verifiable sources). In general, all parts of the "Description" intermix analysis and "Interpretation", in the manner of a Sister Wendy presentation. One comes away from the Description, with the image un-described.

Likewise, when one makes their way to the Interpretation section, it is barren of interpretations of most of the painting's elements: interpretation is limited to review of the debate over the identity of the two portraiture subjects. Then, as if to make late amends for the earlier shortcomings in description, it closes the interpretation with a first visual presentation (description) of an important aspect of the image content (the instruments), via a collection of images.

In short, this reads as if a lower form student essay: It is non-encyclopedic in actual (versus apparent) structure, and near to chaos in its content, and so a confusing jumble to any reasonably educated reader — and intermittently without valid citations for the intermingled descriptions and interpretations (esp. early).

The article simply cannot be properly sorted by any other than its original contributor(s), not without losing track of "what came from what" (of the limited sources that appear), and certainly not without raising ire — for its editing would make it almost completely unrecognizable relative to its current form.

71.239.87.100 (talk) 22:58, 19 September 2014 (UTC)
 * WP:SOFIXIT Johnbod (talk) 23:43, 19 September 2014 (UTC)

Lute - Luther
The lute became a symbol of Luther, e.g. in Bruegel's The Fight Between Carnival and Lent. A broken lutestring could be a more direct comment on Luther's movement as a 'busted flush' than is suggested in the article. On the other hand, perhaps this symbolic meaning only developed after The Ambassadors was painted, though the pun Lut(h)e(r) was always available. Amberiotis (talk) 11:28, 25 January 2015 (UTC)

His theory, that it is
Removed all this: Johnbod (talk) 19:28, 11 October 2015 (UTC)

Please explain...
“Holbein used symbols to link his figures to show the same things on the table.”

I am unable to understand this sentence. Please explain. 2001:44B8:3102:BB00:5536:992F:8531:266A (talk) 07:54, 10 September 2020 (UTC)
 * Indeed - does this help? Johnbod (talk) 12:29, 10 September 2020 (UTC)

Reference styles
Hi there, would anyone mind if I regularise the footnote styles as Harvard style with link, using {{sfn|Name|Year|p=x} or ? I've added content using these (which was among the styles used on the page when I started). For transparency, I did convert some citations to this also, and pulled out links which had been added. I'm ok to go to perhaps unlinked citations which was predominant if there is a strong reason for that, but I suspect it was in use because the templates for short foot notes were not in place or not well known when the content was added. I'll leave this a week or so before taking any action. Jim Killock (talk) 13:24, 20 January 2024 (UTC)
 * Yes, I don't like and can't use this style (but thanks for asking). Johnbod (talk) 14:27, 20 January 2024 (UTC)
 * Consistency is important and, thanks to your efforts, we've achieved it here. Thanks, too, for monitoring the page for editors (like me) making additions in the wrong style and putting them right. AntientNestor (talk) 09:14, 30 March 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:The Ambassadors (Holbein)