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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The muffin man

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was: speedy deleted by User:Khaosworks. sjorford →•← 16:57, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

The muffin man
This really should be speedily deleted. And whoever nominated this didn't even bother to start this sub page. Howabout1 Talk to me!  16:25, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete drini ☎ 16:26, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep muffin man is a childrens song. who is the muffin man?
 * Full content: "The muffin man is a person. Keep Google"  Unless you would like to do a rewrite, this is patent nonsense. Sonic Mew 16:34, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * After a quick check, I see that you are the topic creator. Your 'article' does not reflect your reason to keepit.  Maybe you should actually write something about the topic! Sonic Mew 16:38, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete For reasons I posted above. Sonic Mew 16:34, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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James E. Myers

James Edward Myers (October 26, 1919 – May 10, 2001) was an American songwriter, music publisher, actor, director, producer, and raconteur. Myers is best known as the credited co-writer of "Rock Around the Clock" for which he used the pseudonym "Jimmy DeKnight". Myers is credited as co-writer, with Max C. Freedman, though doubt has been cast as to whether Myers actually participated in the writing of the song.

Biography
Myers came from a musical family in Philadelphia. His father played drums and his mother played piano. Myers became a drummer. He formed his first band when he was fourteen called Jimmy Myers and The Truckadeers Orchestra. He later formed a band called Jimmy DeKnight and His Knights of Rhythm for which he composed the song "Things That You Say".

He served in the Pacific during World War II. He returned to Philadelphia after the war where he joined up with Jack Howard to form Cowboy Records. He first met Bill Haley at the WPWA record station pitching records to the radio host in Chester, Pennsylvania.

The song "Rock Around the Clock" was published in early 1953 by his publishing company Myers Music in Philadelphia. Myers first pitched the song to Bill Haley. Although Bill Haley & His Comets were supposed to be the first to record it, a dispute between Myers and Dave Miller, Haley's producer for Essex Records prevented Haley from doing so (though Haley later claimed he tried several times to record it at Essex). Myers was convinced, however, that the song would be a hit. He organized the recording of the song on Arcade Records. The first recording of the song was made by an Italian-American band, Sonny Dae & His Knights. It was released as a 45 single but failed to chart. Haley finally recorded it in April 1954 for Decca Records and in 1955, following its popular use in the opening credits of the film Blackboard Jungle, the song became the first No. 1 record of the Rock and Roll era.

Myers' songwriting career dated back to the 1940s, and his DeKnight moniker appears on several country and western recordings made by Haley in the 1949-51 era. He co-wrote with Tom Gindhart and copyrighted the song "Ten Gallon Stetson (With a Hole in the Crown)" in 1948, a song which Bill Haley recorded on Keystone Records and released in 1950. "Ten Gallon Stetson" was the first release by Bill Haley and the Saddlemen, a group which would evolve into Bill Haley with Haley's Comets and Bill Haley and His Comets.

Myers formed Myers Music in Philadelphia to publish songs, and oversaw many of his own compositions as well as a number of Haley originals such as "Rock-a-Beatin' Boogie". It is also believed that Myers played drums on an early recording by Haley's pre-Comets group, the Saddlemen, though this has yet to be definitively confirmed. A later claim by Myers (cited in John Swenson's biography Bill Haley: The Daddy of Rock and Roll) that he played drums on "Rock Around the Clock" has been disproven by the existence of an official recording session document indicating the drummer was Billy Gussak.

The relationship between Myers and Haley collapsed in 1955-56 when Myers began providing songs to The Jodimars, a group made up of former Comets. Myers co-wrote the song "Rattle My Bones" with Jesse Stone (who, under the name Charles Calhoun, wrote the lyrically similar "Shake, Rattle and Roll") for The Jodimars in 1956, which was released as the B side of a single on Capitol Records.

He recorded his own instrumental versions of "Rock Around the Clock" in 1959 as Jimmy DeKnight and His Knights of Rhythm, which were released as a 45 single on several record labels, Apt, Peak, President in the UK, and Arzee in 1979. One version was the song arranged in the cha cha format as "Rock Around the Clock Cha Cha". Although credited to DeKnight, it is not known what instruments, if any, Myers played on these recordings.

Composition of "Rock Around the Clock"
He described the composition of the seminal song "Rock Around the Clock". He stated that the melody was developing and evolving for several years before he wrote it down on paper. He was playing the tune on a piano in his office when his friend composer Max C. Freedman joined in.

"When we finished it he said, `What are you going to call it?' I said, 'Rock Around The Clock,"' Myers said in an interview with the Rockabilly Hall of Fame in Burns, Tenn.

"And he said, `Why rock? What's that mean? Why not "Dance Around The Clock?"' And I said, 'I just have a gut feeling and since I'm half writer and whole publisher, I'm the boss! Right!' So, we called it 'Rock Around The Clock.'"

Myers co-wrote a series of songs with Freedman, among which were "The Covered Wagon Goes Roll, Roll, Rollin'", "The Sun Came Through", "A Bucket Full of Tears", "Make Believe Island", "Adalita", "Let Me Know", "The Password", "Can You Spare a Moment (For the Lord)", and "A Bushel of Sunbeams" and "You're a Long Time Dead" which were also copyrighted in 1953 and published by Myers Music and Standard Songs respectively.

Film roles
In later years, Myers turned to acting, appearing in small roles in a number of films such as The China Syndrome; he also directed at least two films under his Jimmy DeKnight pen name. He also wrote an autobiography based upon his experiences in World War II entitled Hell in a Foxhole, and opened a museum in his home dedicated to "Rock Around the Clock".

Death
Myers died in Bonita Springs, Florida, on May 10, 2001, at the age of 81.

Filmography

 * Uncle Scam (1981)
 * Shaft in Africa (1973)
 * Refinements in Love (1971)
 * Caught in the Can (1970)
 * Deep Love (1970)
 * Homer... The Late Comer (1970)
 * Ride, Mister? (1970)
 * The Hang Up (1969)
 * The Divorcee (1969)
 * The Fabulous Bastard from Chicago (1969)
 * Lady Godiva Rides (1969)
 * Mrs. Brown, You've Got a Lovely Daughter (1968)
 * The Block (1964)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: James E. Myers


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Charles Renard

Charles Renard (1847–1905) born in Damblain, Vosges, was a French military engineer.

Airships
After the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871 he started work on the design of airships at the French army aeronautical department. Together with Arthur C. Krebs and his brother Paul, in 1884 he constructed La France, which made its maiden flight on 9 August 1884 at Chalais-Meudon, making a 23-minute circular flight. This was the first time that a flying machine made a flight which returned to the place of take-off. It was later exhibited at the Paris Exposition Universelle (1889).

Preferred numbers
He also proposed a now widely used system of preferred numbers known as Renard numbers that was later named after him and became international standard ISO 3. It helped the French army to reduce the number of different balloon ropes kept on inventory from 425 to 17.

Road Train
Colonel Renard invented the Renard Road Train first developed by Darracq and displayed by them in 1903 later developed in England by Daimler. The leading motor unit having generated the power transmits it by a continuous shaft united between the carriages by a universal joint to the driving wheels of each carriage. These, each carriage being six-wheeled, are the central pair and are shod with iron, the resulting road-shock being taken by the springs and rubber tyres on the other wheels. Each vehicle is steered by its predecessor through a series of rods and linkages and when a Renard train rounds a corner each vehicle follows precisely in the track of its predecessor. They were powered by a 16.1 litre Daimler engine and the last carriage always cut the corner

Academy
Depressed by the French government's refusal to fund his experiments and the rejection of his candidacy for membership of the French Académie des Sciences he committed suicide in April 1905. The Académie recognized his achievements by the award of the Prix Plumey for 1902 and the posthumous award of the Prix Poncelet for 1907.

title: Charles Renard


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Talk:Velar consonant

Spanish also has the velar nasal in words like mango, tango, an the like.
 * That's such a common allophone of /n/ that it isn't worth mentioning for individual languages. Just a note that /n/ is frequently velar before a velar stop, with some exceptions, like Korean. kwami 20:43, 2005 Jun 13 (UTC)

Velarlessness
Found an even better example of a freak language without velars than Xavante. Check it out: Vanimo :D

-- Trɔpʏliʊm • blah 18:09, 11 June 2009 (UTC)

Merger Proposal
The article about velarization needs some help, and I think the best way to help it would be to merge it with this article. Its contents are pretty technical, and the technical information seems as if it would have a better home here. --Roman à clef (talk) 19:07, 28 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Why not just expand on the velarization article? — Æµ§œš¹  [aɪm ˈfɹ̠ˤʷɛ̃ɾ̃ˡi]  22:49, 28 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Strongly agree that the two should be merged. After five years of existence, the total progress on the velarization article is a tiny amount of information and citations to the same authors. It would, however, make an excellent subsection of Velar consonant . Guy Macon (talk) 23:39, 28 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Velarized (secondary articulation) is not velar (primary articulation). I agree the article doesn't include much (and indeed is unlikely to ever reach similar length as palatalization), but a better merge site might be secondary articulation, itself also a fairly short article. -- Trɔpʏliʊm • blah 20:42, 29 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Sounds reasonable. I struck my comments above.  I think it should be merged with something, but I don't have enough background knowledge to have an informed opinion as to what should be merged with what. Guy Macon (talk) 00:08, 30 March 2011 (UTC)
 * Making it a section in secondary articulation would work nicely. If it gets as expanded as palatalization, it can easily become an article again.  We might also consider whether we want to do the same with pharyngealization. — Æµ§œš¹  [aɪm ˈfɹ̠ˤʷɛ̃ɾ̃ˡi]  02:58, 30 March 2011 (UTC)

No voiced stops in Mandarin?
The passage

 * Of course, [ɡ] does not occur in languages that lack voiced stops, like Mandarin Chinese

was inserted by on 29 October 2008. This puzzles me because I think g, d, b are all common in Mandarin. Our article Mandarin Chinese bears this out. Loraof (talk) 00:41, 28 June 2016 (UTC)
 * Pinyin has the graphemes (basically letters) , , , but Mandarin does not have the sounds [b] (as in b ed), [d] (as in d ad), and [g] (as in g et) as distinct from [p] (as in s p ed), [t] (as in s t ill), and [k] (as in s k ill). Mandarin, on the other hand distinguishes [pʰ] (as in p in), [tʰ] (as in t op), and [kʰ] (as in c an or k ill) from [p], [t], and [k]. --JorisvS (talk) 18:49, 28 June 2016 (UTC)

 * Actually, my claim was not very accurate. [g] occurs as an allophone of /k/ in atonic syllables. Saying /g/ does not occur is meaningless, since phonemes are only defined within a language where they occur, so I don't know how to reword. — kwami (talk) 22:12, 28 June 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Velar consonant


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Sawtry

Sawtry is a village and civil parish in Cambridgeshire, England. Sawtry lies approximately 8 mi north of Huntingdon. Sawtry is situated within Huntingdonshire which is a non-metropolitan district of Cambridgeshire as well as being a historic county of England. The village is home to over 6,000 people.

History
Sawtry was listed as Saltrede in the Domesday Book of 1086 in the Hundred of Normancross in Huntingdonshire, containing four manors and 56 households. By 1086 there were three churches and two priests at Sawtry.

During the Dark Ages, Sawtry was divided into three parishes - All Saints, St. Andrew and Judith and originally got its name from the fact that it was a trading centre for salt, an essential commodity in the Middle Ages. The Cistercian Abbey of St Mary was founded in 1147 by Simon de Senlis grandson of Judith of Lens, niece of William the Conqueror who owned land in many parts of Britain but built her Manor in Sawtry and whom the Parish of Sawtry Judith is named after. The abbey took 91 years to complete and ministered to the local area both spiritually and physically. This was demolished in 1540 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries as part of the English Reformation, although traces of the Abbey still remain.

Sawtry is twinned with the Gemeinde Weimar region in Germany.

Government
As a civil parish, Sawtry has a parish council consisting of fifteen councillors. The village is represented on Huntingdonshire District Council by two councillors for the Sawtry ward, and on Cambridgeshire County Council by one councillor for the electoral division of Sawtry and Ellington. It is in the parliamentary constituency of North West Cambridgeshire, represented at the House of Commons by Shailesh Vara (Conservative).

Sawtry was in the historic and administrative county of Huntingdonshire until 1965. From 1965, the village was part of the new administrative county of Huntingdon and Peterborough. Then in 1974, following the Local Government Act 1972, Sawtry became a part of the county of Cambridgeshire.

Geography
Sawtry is just west of the Fens, halfway between the city of Peterborough and the town of Huntingdon. Other nearby villages include Folksworth, Alconbury, Holme, Yaxley and Stilton. Being situated in close proximity to the A1(M), it is a sought-after location for commuters. It is approximately six miles north of the A14, and a fifty-minute car drive from both Stansted Airport and Luton Airport.

Transport
The Bullock Road, an ancient droveway, now a byway, runs on the ridge to the west of Sawtry.

The A1(M), originally the Roman Ermine Street, then the Great North Road, runs immediately to the east of the village.

The East Coast Main Line railway runs a mile east of the village.

Ordnance Survey maps from the 1920s show a narrow-gauge agricultural tramway running for a mile north east from Sawtry Roughs Farm (now demolished) to an interchange with the then Great Northern Railway.

Population
In the period 1801 to 1901 the population of Sawtry was recorded every ten years by the UK census. During this time the population was in the range of 790 (the lowest was in 1801) and 1,393 (the highest was in 1851).

From 1901, a census was taken every ten years with the exception of 1941 (due to the Second World War). The separate parishes of Sawtry All Saints and Sawtry St Judith were combined into the single civil parish of Sawtry between 1931 and 1951.

All population census figures from report Historic Census figures Cambridgeshire to 2011 by Cambridgeshire Insight.

In 2011, the parish covered an area of 6269 acre and the population density of Sawtry in 2011 was 667.3 persons per square mile (257.6 per square kilometre).

Culture and community
Sawtry has two public houses: The Bell and the Greystones. It also has an ex-services and working men's club. There is an infant school and a junior school in Sawtry; and a secondary school (Sawtry Village Academy) which educates many young people from nearby villages as well as Sawtry itself. Other amenities also include the local butchers, doctors, vets, garage, takeaway houses, the Co-Op, and multiple hair and beauty salons.

Religious sites
The Church of All Saints is the Church of England parish church. Methodist Worship takes place at Sawtry Methodist Church. There is also a Roman Catholic community, served by the parish of St Luke, Peterborough.

title: Sawtry


text: Template:Campaignbox Greco-Persian Wars

title: Template:Campaignbox Greco-Persian Wars


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Talk:List of video games based on anime or manga

Consistency
Can we decide on a consistent format for this list? Some of the issues I see: Let's clear this up!Londonbeat41692 (talk) 03:21, 3 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Some series (e.g. Bishoujo Senshi Sailor Moon) have multiple releases on the same console, but only the console name is listed
 * A few entries have "Japan only", even though that's true for the majority of the list
 * Most titles are listed by the series name, others by the game name
 * Furthermore, what should we do with titles developed for simultaneous release, such as D Cide Traumerei?Londonbeat41692 (talk) 03:37, 3 January 2023 (UTC)

Proposal to Split Article - title and description are inconsistent -
The current description says -

"anime-based games, this is a list of computer and video games that are based on anime or manga, or from which anime or manga have been made. " This does not contain dojinshi or hentai games.

First of all games that spawned anime are NOT "games based on anime or manga" which is the title of this article. This is inconsistent and confusing. For example, the .hack games were not based on anime or manga, they had related properties and spawned adaptations. These type of games either need removed or the title of the page needs changed (List of video games with a related anime/manga or something)

Secondly, the games Amusement Park, Animamundi, and Day of Love, to name a few, do not have anime or manga versions, they are simply games with anime style artwork. I will probably remove them from the list unless someone shows me evidence otherwise.

Thirdly, "This does not contain dojinshi or 'hentai games'." Well yeah it does currently... Pia Carrot, Tea Society of a Witch (which also has no anime), D.C. ～Da Capo～ etc. Why are H-games not allowed on this list anyhow? Wikipedia is not censored.

Ill post more ideas later Jyuichi 03:58, 11 August 2007 (UTC)

 * I like the idea of changing the article name. It would make the article less restricted. That, or make another article (which would likely be merged with this one eventually anyhow I think) Jon Fawkes 04:04, 11 August 2007 (UTC)

Well if we do split them, I feel we can develop both enough to be useful. Here's some possibilities -

New title - List of video games with a related anime or manga

Split -
 * List of video games based on anime or manga
 * List of anime and manga with video game adaptations

Also in regards to the games that have no anime counterpart - while they are often called "anime-games" this is a misnomer. The page "anime game" should probably be made in to a disambiguation explaining that the term is used for anime-based games, games that became anime, and games in the "anime style" such as dating sim and visual novel games). Something like - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jyuichi/Anime_Game Like it? Hate it? Think its missing something? Feel free to add on to it :) Jyuichi 06:32, 11 August 2007 (UTC)

I have added a template proposing the split I suggest above. Again please look at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Jyuichi/Anime_Game, my idea for a disambiguation page connecting the spilt articles and clarifying most of the problems with this page. Jyuichi 02:15, 13 August 2007 (UTC)

 * I would have to disagree with your choice of split titles. Both "List of video games based on anime or manga" and "List of anime and manga with video game adaptations" imply gramatically that the anime or manga existed first, and the video game was based on the existing source material.  In other words, those two lists would be identical.

 * We currently have a page called List of video games based on anime or manga (implying the video game was based off of existing anime / manga) and a page called List of anime based on video games (implying the anime was based off of an existing video game). There is not a page for List of manga based on video games, but the other bases seem to be covered *if* the page editors will stick to the topic indicated by the page titles. Dawynn (talk) 11:14, 8 June 2010 (UTC)

 * It appears that the concerns have been addressed, so I have removed the tags.  SilkTork  *YES! 17:24, 4 November 2010 (UTC)

Proposed merge
I think this list should be merged with List of video games based on cartoons. There is no inherent difference besides the region of origin, and I think that the current title is confusing some Western people into adding games that look like what they think "anime" is that are actually unrelated. Merging may reduce this confusion. Separating only one country of origin from all the others is also a bit odd (seeing as there are no separate pages for things from other countries). Londonbeat41692 (talk) 05:36, 31 March 2023 (UTC)


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Sonia Dresdel

Sonia Dresdel (5 May 1909 – 18 January 1976) was an English actress, whose career ran between the 1940s and 1970s.

Life
She was born Lois Obee in Hornsea, East Riding of Yorkshire, England, and was educated at Aberdeen High School for Girls and RADA.

Career
Her performance in the lead role of Ibsen's Hedda Gabler at the Westminster Theatre in 1942 "was legendary. It was the performance on which her reputation was founded. James Agate was ecstatic..." For a decade Dresdel was regarded as one of England's foremost stage actresses. Her leading role in the 1947 film While I Live also gained her a great deal of acclaim. In the film she plays Julia Trevelyan, a spinster living in a lonely cliff top house in Cornwall and haunted by the death of her sister 25 years earlier.

Her best remembered role is as Mrs. Baines in the film version of Graham Greene's The Fallen Idol (1948), which starred Ralph Richardson, Michèle Morgan and Bobby Henrey. The film received Academy Awards nominations for Best Director (Sir Carol Reed) and Best Screenplay.

In the 1950s, as well as appearing increasingly on television, Dresdel moved more to the management side of things, becoming a theatre director under the aegis of the New White Rose Players, directing plays including the thriller Night of the Shoot.

In the 1970s she played the Witch in BBC Television series Lizzie Dripping, and played Lady Dorothy in the series “Sykes” series 2 episode 5 “Rolls”.

Death
She died of lung cancer, aged 66. The critic Philip Hope-Wallace, said Dresdel was "an actress of high definition with a real power to take an audience by the wrist and give them the works. She had terrific personality and was terribly underused and misused. She would have been the Lady Macbeth of all Lady Macbeths."

Partial filmography

 * The World Owes Me a Living (1945) as Eve Heatherley
 * While I Live (1947) as Julia Trevelyan
 * This Was a Woman (1948) as Sylvia Russell
 * The Fallen Idol (1948) as Mrs. Baines
 * The Clouded Yellow (1951) as Jess Fenton
 * The Third Visitor (1951) as Steffy Millington
 * Now and Forever (1956) as Miss Fox
 * The Secret Tent (1956) as Miss Mitchum-Browne
 * David Copperfield (1956) as Betsey Trotwood
 * Death Over My Shoulder (1958) as Miss Upton
 * The Trials of Oscar Wilde (1960) as Lady Wilde
 * George and the Dragon (1967–1968, TV Series) as Priscilla
 * The Break (1962) as Sarah
 * Jane Eyre (1963, TV series) as Mrs. Reed
 * Public Eye (1968, TV Series) as Mrs. Briggs
 * Dixon of Dock Green (1968) as Mrs. Dewar
 * The Caesars (1968) as Livia
 * Last of the Long-haired Boys (1968) as Miss Dearborn
 * Bachelor Father (1970–1971, TV Series) as Mother
 * Paul Temple (1971, TV Series) as Agnes Armadyne
 * Wives and Daughters (1971, TV Mini-Series) as Lady Cumnor
 * The Strauss Family (1972, TV Mini-Series) as Lucari
 * Lady Caroline Lamb (1972) as Lady Pont
 * The Onedin Line (1972, TV Series) as Lady Lazenby
 * Lizzie Dripping (1973-1975, TV Series) as The Witch
 * The Pallisers (1974, TV Mini-Series) as the Marchioness of Auld Reekie

title: Sonia Dresdel


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Light of Day

Light of Day is a 1987 American musical drama film starring Michael J. Fox, Gena Rowlands and Joan Jett in her film debut. It was written and directed by Paul Schrader. The original music score was composed by Thomas Newman and the cinematography is by John Bailey.

Plot
Siblings Patti and Joe Rasnick perform in a rock band, The Barbusters, based in Cleveland, Ohio. As a single mother, Patti is estranged from her religious parents and struggles to provide for her son, Benji, while Joe works at a manufacturing plant to help support his sister and nephew.

Prior to a band performance, Patti breaks into a home and steals a set of tools to pay for a Peavey mixing board, arriving just in time to start the set. At work the next day, Joe is confronted by his coworker Smittie, whose brother-in-law was the target of the burglary, demanding payment. Joe agrees to pay the $600 on his sister's behalf, asking his mother, Jeanette, for a loan. She reluctantly agrees, concerned about Joe covering for Patti's numerous past mistakes.

On repaying Smittie, Joe finds that he has been laid off. He and Patti agree that their best option is to take The Barbusters on a tour. They depart, taking Benji with them. The tour appears to be successful, but struggling with finances, each earns only $57 per member after a week of touring. In spite of this, Patti wishes to thank the band with steaks she claims to have been saving up for, but which Joe saw her shoplifting earlier. Joe confronts her about the theft, and Patti storms off to get ready for a show.

While she's gone, Joe returns to their parents' home with Benji. Patti arrives and is heavily criticized by Jeanette for neglecting her son while on tour and pointing out her many failures. Joe intervenes, taking Patti to the basement to cool down. With a sense of desperation, she details her desire to tighten up the band and take it to a new level, which he is skeptical can happen.

Returning from a Fabulous Thunderbirds concert, Joe finds Patti excited to audition for The Hunzz, a local metal band. He has no interest in joining The Hunzz, and she sees Joe's concern for the stability of their family as opposition to Patti's life. A brief fight ensues, but Benji appears, crying. Joe takes Benji to his room, and Patti leaves to audition for The Hunzz.

The Barbusters go their separate ways, with Joe returning to his manufacturing job and caring for Benji as a surrogate father. Issues with Jeanette's memory become apparent when she forgets that they own a functional dishwasher. Joe's father, Benjamin, confirms that her memory is fading, but he doesn't bring it up for fear of upsetting her.

While talking to Bu at work soon after, Joe gets a call that his mother is in the hospital. At the hospital, Jeanette has been undergoing tests and appears confused. The results of a biopsy are made known to Joe and his father, indicating that she suffers from ovarian cancer. Jeanette wonders where Patti is, and Joe believes he can find her.

Joe goes to a Hunzz show to find Patti and takes her home. After a night out at a bar, Patti, Joe, and the Barbusters reconcile. Later, at the hospital, Jeanette requests to speak with Patti alone, and they reconcile as she is on her deathbed. Patti confesses that Reverend Ansley is Benji's father. Jeanette expresses a wish for Benjamin to remarry, and for Patti to join her in Heaven, and Patti agrees to both.

Soon after, Jeanette passes away. At the viewing for her funeral, Patti is absent. Later that night, The Barbusters are expected to play a reunion show, but Bu suspects Patti will not make it to that, either. Joe finds her at an arcade, confronts her about her absences, and declares how much he used to look up to her.

Patti leaves the arcade to go to the funeral home and embraces her father. Meanwhile, The Barbusters are setting up, getting ready to start their set without Patti. Surprising everyone, she arrives in time for the first chorus of "Light of Day," and the band is reunited.

Cast
A young Trent Reznor appears with Exotic Birds bandmate Frank Vale and former Generators singer/bassist Mark Addison as fictional band the Problems. Local teen band the Pelicans appears as the Bubblegummers. The Fabulous Thunderbirds perform in the movie as themselves. Ron Dean has a cameo as one of the attendees of Patti's funeral home, and Alan Poul appears as a cashier.

Production
The film was shot on location in Chicago, Illinois; Maywood, Illinois; Berwyn, Illinois; Blue Island, Illinois; Lincolnwood, Illinois; Streamwood Illinois; Hammond, Indiana; and Cleveland, Ohio.

The film is best known as the first real attempt for Fox to take on more serious film roles after establishing himself as a comedic star. Light of Day is one of the few projects where Fox has smoked in front of the camera; although a chain smoker, he avoided being photographed with a cigarette out of fear that it would encourage smoking.

Schrader actually wrote the film with Bruce Springsteen in mind, but he declined. That's why he had a copy of the script, with Schrader's original working title, Born in the USA. Schrader had taken his title from a line in a song by Cleveland band the Generators, whom he used as inspiration for the Barbusters. Springsteen took the title for a song he had been writing about a Vietnam veteran. At that point, the film was on hold; it went back into production when Fox agreed to star. To make up for taking that title, Springsteen instead wrote the song "Light of Day" for the film; that became its new title and the Barbusters' signature song. Joan Jett performed the song for the film's soundtrack. Starting from the late 1980s and during the 1990s, Springsteen himself used the song to close his concerts.

Schrader has expressed dissatisfaction with Light of Day, particularly its plain visual style: "I had progressed from being a person with a literary vision to a person with a visual vision, and in that film I tried to...suppress my new literacy," and the casting of Joan Jett: "it's a good performance, but...that piece of casting just did not work."

Reception
In a review for the Chicago Sun-Times, critic Roger Ebert gave the film three-and-a-half out of four stars and called it the "most direct and painful statement" of a theme explored in Schrader's previous films—"wildly different characters with one thing in common: Their pasts keep them imprisoned, and shut them off from happiness in the present." Ebert found Rowlands' acting "powerfully, heartbreakingly effective" and said that Jett matches to Rowlands' inspiration in "the most surprisingly good performance."

Janet Maslin of The New York Times stated "Bruce Springsteen wrote the rousing title song and reportedly took the phrase "Born in the U.S.A." from an earlier draft of Mr. Schrader's screenplay. It's possible, even from the finished film, to see what he and Mr. Schrader might share. One of the monologues included on Mr. Springsteen's recent live album describes his boyhood dream of becoming a rock-and-roller and proving something to his family, to himself, to the world; those ambitions are described in terms of musical triumph, not money or fame. Light of Day wants to embody a similar dream, but it pulls its punches. Mr. Schrader may have started out to make a film about the fiercest, most incorruptible stirrings of young talent. But he wound up making a soap opera along the way."

Variety criticized the film's writing, mocking the film's family as "anyfamily USA as written by Eugene O’Neill." The publication was mixed toward the film's casting, writing that while Rowlands did well with the material, Fox was miscast for his character, and "Jett looks the part and even manages to hit the mark from time to time, but for every hit there’s a miss." The magazine also found Patti's obsession with rock-and-roll as an escape mechanism to be "childish and silly."

Box office
Light of Day grossed $10.5 million at the box office in the United States and Canada.

Soundtrack
The soundtrack to the film was released in 1987. As a single, "Light of Day" reached number 33 on the Billboard Hot 100 and received additional album-oriented rock airplay due to the connection of Joan Jett and Bruce Springsteen. The Barbusters is the name of Jett's band in the film.

Track listing

 * 1) "Light of Day" (Bruce Springsteen) – The Barbusters
 * 2) "This Means War" (Joan Jett, Bob Halligan, Jr., Kenny Laguna) – The Barbusters
 * 3) "Twist It Off" (Jimmie Vaughan, Kim Wilson, Fran Christina, Preston Hubbard) – The Fabulous Thunderbirds
 * 4) "Cleveland Rocks" (Ian Hunter) – Ian Hunter
 * 5) "Stay with Me Tonight" (Dave Edmunds, John David) – Dave Edmunds
 * 6) "It's All Coming Down Tonight" (Frankie Miller, Andy Fraser) – The Barbusters
 * 7) "Rude Mood" (Stevie Ray Vaughan) – The Barbusters
 * 8) "Only Lonely" (Jon Bon Jovi, David Bryan) – Bon Jovi
 * 9) "Rabbit's Got the Gun" (Joan Jett, Kenny Laguna) – The Hunzz (credited as Joined Forces on the cassette sleeve)
 * 10) "You Got No Place to Go" (Michael J. Fox, Alan Mark Poul) – Michael J. Fox
 * 11) "Elegy" (Thomas Newman) - Rick Cox, Chas Smith, Jon C. Clarke and Michael Boddicker

title: Light of Day


text:
User:Thechoiceisyours

Welcome
Welcome!

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Vfd
When listing pages to VfD please follow the steps at How to list pages for deletion. drini ☎ 16:30, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Thechoiceisyours


text:
Lord Byron (opera)

Lord Byron is an opera in three acts by Virgil Thomson to an original English libretto by Jack Larson, inspired by the historical character Lord Byron. This was Thomson's third and final opera. He wrote it on commission from the Ford Foundation for the Metropolitan Opera (Met), but the Met never produced the opera. The first performance was at Lincoln Center, New York City on April 20, 1972, by the music department of the Juilliard School with John Houseman as stage director, Gerhard Samuel as the conductor and Alvin Ailey as the choreographer. A performance of a revised version, by the composer, took place in 1985 with the New York Opera Repertory Theater.

The composer himself had great affection for this opera. The premiere production received mixed reviews, with one particularly negative one from Harold C. Schonberg, including this description:

"...a very bland score, distressingly banal (all those waltzes!) and frequently gagglingly cutesy."

The opera has not yet received a full-scale professional production. Monadnock Music performed the opera in September 1991.

Synopsis
The opera is set in London from 1812 to 1824.

In the nave of Westminster Abbey, Lord Byron's friends, wife and sister have arrived to present a statue of Lord Byron to the Dean of the Abbey, and to lobby for the poet's burial there. They learn that Byron had written his memoirs, which causes them concern for his reputation. The statue of Byron arrives, which sets off memories in the minds of Byron's relations and friends. These include the courtship of Byron with his future wife. However, the memories also include that Byron committed incest with his half-sister Augusta Leigh and fathered her daughter, which led to Byron's self-exile and Byron's wife insisting that he must never see Augusta again. While they have not read Byron's own manuscript, their memories cause enough fear that they burn the memoirs. The Dean of the Abbey arrives, and upon learning that the relatives considered Byron's memoirs unfit for reading, he denies permission to have Byron buried in Westminster Abbey. At the end of the opera, the shades of the poets in the Abbey's Poets' Corner welcome Byron among them.

Recording

 * Koch: Matthew Lord, Jeanne Ommerle, D'Anna Fortunato, Richard Zeller, Richard Johnson, Gregory Mason, Stephen Owen, Adrienne Csgenery, Thomas Woodman, Louisa Jonason, Donald Collup, David Murray, Jorg Westerkemp, Martin Kelley, Ted Whalen, John Holyoke, David Stoneman, Debra Vanderlinde, Marion Dry; Manadnock Festival Orchestra and Chorus; James Bolle, conductor

In addition, excerpts from the opera, called "Five Tenor Songs from Lord Byron", have been recorded, with the following artists: Martyn Hill, tenor; Budapest Symphony Orchestra; James Bolle, conductor.

title: Lord Byron (opera)


text:
User talk:Santetjan

Welcome!
Hello Santetjan, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. Your explanation at Talk:Bono Manso and your thoughtful comment at Talk:Seborga indicate that you are just the courteous and collaborative editor Wikipedia needs. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, maybe you know this already but you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using four tildes like this: ~~~~, which produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! — mark ✎ 16:32, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Santetjan


text:
Category talk:Parliamentary constituencies in South East England

Untitled
South-east of what? Yes, I know, but will everyone? I'm not sure this category is well-named. Naturenet 16:32, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I totally agree! UkPaolo 18:43, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't see why it is necessary. The attempt to force regions on the British people failed. The category has no basis in the Parliamentary system and should be deleted. AshbyJnr 20:51, 24 August 2007 (UTC)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Honicz

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. Golbez 03:13, Jun 19, 2005 (UTC)

Honicz
Some guy that posts on some forum. Utterly unencyclopedic. CDC  (talk)  16:32, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: Some dude. Geogre 17:01, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Easy decision. -Tadanisakari 17:02, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. He's "infamous for his creative swearing" apparently. As such as I would like to know what "creative swearing" is, this isn't really an article.  Possibly vanity and/or advertiseing. Sonic Mew 17:57, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn vanity. --Etacar11 23:52, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity. JamesBurns 06:55, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity^3 klausk 10:23, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Honicz


text: Category:Geography of Guinea

title: Category:Geography of Guinea


text:
User:Ioannis Koutsoukos

My name is Ioannis Koutsoukos and I live in Corinth, Greece. I'm a chartered engineer and studied engineering and humanities at the Technical University of Berlin, graduating in 1968.

I'm new to Wikipedia but have staged local radio and television shows in Corinth. My programmes dealt with the following topics:

- local history of Corinth and Corinthia - Byzantine church music - Ancient and modern Greek history - Greek broadcasting - Greek politics - religious and cultural affairs

My postal address is: Papaflessa 11, 20100 Corinth, Greece.

Tel: 27410-24005

title: User:Ioannis Koutsoukos


text: User talk:203.24.6.121

title: User talk:203.24.6.121


text: User talk:81.153.2.100

title: User talk:81.153.2.100


text:
User talk:Thechoiceisyours

Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks. Meelar (talk) 16:34, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Thechoiceisyours


text: User talk:68.233.141.149

title: User talk:68.233.141.149


text:
LMS Kitson 0-4-0ST

The London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Kitson 0-4-0ST was a class of 0-4-0 saddle tank steam locomotive designed for light shunting.

History
Five were originally designed and built by Kitson and Company of Leeds to LMS specification in 1932 and numbered 1500–1504. They were similar to other shunters built for industrial use. The manufacturer's works numbers were 5644–5648. The LMS classified them 0F. These were later renumbered 7000–7004 in 1935/1936. British Railways (BR) added 40000 to their numbers after nationalization in 1948, becoming 47000–47004. Between 1953 and 1954, BR constructed an additional five at Horwich Works, numbered 47005–47009. These differed from the original batch having shorter saddle tanks with extra space given to longer coal bunkers instead.

Some saw use on the Cromford and High Peak Railway in Derbyshire. Withdrawals took place between 1963 and 1966, and no examples were preserved.

In fiction
In The Railway Series books by the Reverend W. Awdry, a character called 'Pug' appears in the 12th book, The Eight Famous Engines. After problems of consistent accuracy of the drawings in the early books, later characters were based more closely on real locomotives. Although not explicitly identified by Awdry, the locomotive in the illustration by John T. Kenney, has been identified as most closely resembling a LMS Kitson 0-4-0ST.

title: LMS Kitson 0-4-0ST


text:
Jeannette Island

Jeannette Island (Остров Жанне́тты; Жаннетта Aрыыта) is the easternmost island of the De Long Islands archipelago in the East Siberian Sea. Administratively it belongs to Yakutia of the Russian Federation.

Geography
Jeannette is the second smallest island of the De Long group, being only 2 km in length. It has an area of approximately 3.3 km2. The island surface is mainly covered by a central ice cap and firn. The highest peak of the island is in the middle of the ice cap, reaching a height of 351 m. A second subordinate peak reaches an elevation of 225 m. On all sides, the shores of the island consist of 100 - 350 m high, continuous, and rocky seacliffs that are higher and steeper in the southern and southeastern part and shallower in the northern part.

Geology
The most accessible and extensive exposure of bedrock is along the southwestern coast. These seacliffs expose a thick succession of Upper Cambrian volcaniclastic rocks which contain subordinate beds of tuffs and dacitic and andesitic lava flows. The volcanoclastic rocks are penetrated by mafic dikes and sills.

These sedimentary rocks consist generally of both fine- and coarse-grained volcaniclastic turbidites with thick beds of volcaniclastic breccias which can divided into four layers. The lowermost of the exposed layers consists of 125 m of fine-grained volcaniclastic turbidites, occasionally interbedded with thin layers of coarse-grained sandstone and pebbly sandstone. The middle part of this layer exhibits slump structures and convolute bedding along with a few lava flows and layers of bright red tuff. Overlying the lowermost layer, is 160 m of tuffaceous breccias with a sandy or silty matrix. The poorly rounded and sharp-edged pebbles forming the breccia consist mainly of andesitic volcanic rocks. The next overlying layer consists of 50 m of fine-grained volcaniclastic turbidites and minor tuffaceous breccias. The breccias consists of angular to sub-angular pebbles of volcanic rocks (andesite, dacite and occasionally basaltic andesite). The uppermost layer of sedimentary rocks, exposed in these seaclifts, consists of 150 m of predominantly coarse-grained volcaniclastic turbidites.

The bedding within these volcanoclastic rocks dip steeply towards the east-northeast. The bedding is deformed by similar folds accompanied by cleavage and east-dipping thrust faults with displacements of few tens of meters. The bedding is also offset by normal faults inclined to the east and intruded by northwest trending dolerite dikes.

History
It was discovered in 1881 by the Jeannette Expedition, commanded by Lieutenant Commander George W. De Long. The expedition set out in 1879 aboard the USS Jeannette (1878), hoping to reach Wrangel Island and to discover open seas in the Arctic Ocean near the North Pole.

However, the ship entered an ice pack near Herald Island in September 1879 and became trapped. The vessel drifted several hundred miles with the ice, passing north of Wrangel Island. In May 1881 it approached Jeannette Island and Henrietta Island.

According to The Annual Report of the Secretary of the Navy, for the Year 1882, "A sled party landed [on Henrietta Island], hoisted the national ensign, and took possession in the name of the United States. The excursion, led by George W. Melville, landed on June 2 or 3, constructed a cairn, and placed inside it a record of their visit.

During the Imperial Russian Arctic Ocean Hydrographic Expedition of 1910–1915 led by Boris Vilkitsky, the Vaygach approached Jeannette Island with the intention of mapping Jeannette and Henrietta Islands, but heavy ice blocked the approach. In 1916 the Russian ambassador in London issued an official notice to the effect that the Imperial government considered Henrietta, along with other Arctic islands, integral parts of the Russian Empire. This territorial claim was later maintained by the Soviet Union.

Some U.S. individuals assert American ownership of Jeannette Island, and others of the De Long group, based on the 1881 discovery. However, the United States government has not pursued De Long's claim to Jeannette Island, and recognizes it as Russian territory.

title: Jeannette Island


text:
Maria Golovin

Maria Golovin is an English language opera in three acts by Gian Carlo Menotti. It is through-composed and centers on a romantic encounter between a blind recluse named Donato and the title character, a married woman living in a European country a few years after a war. The work was commissioned by Peter Herman Adler of the NBC Opera Theatre.

Its first performance was at the International Exposition Pavilion Theater at Expo '58 in Brussels on 20 August 1958. Later that year, David Merrick and the NBC Opera mounted a Broadway production billed as a "musical drama." It was staged by Menotti and ran for five performances at the Martin Beck Theatre. The cast included Patricia Neway, Ruth Kobart, Norman Kelley, William Chapman, and Richard Cross, who won the 1959 Theatre World Award for his performance. Maria Golovin is not part of the usual operatic repertory and rarely is performed today, although The Paley Center for Media (Museum of Television & Radio) in New York scheduled a screening of the 1959 NBC Opera production of the work, starring Franca Duval, Richard Cross, and Patricia Neway, for May 21, 2011 at 2 p.m. followed by a discussion with Richard Cross.

Recordings
A cast album was released by RCA Victor and reissued on CD by Naxos Historical in 2011.

Performances
As well as the first performance at the International Exposition Pavilion Theater at Expo '58 in Brussels on 20 August 1958, it was performed at the London Coliseum in 1976, with Gian Carlo Menotti conducting, Alison Hargan playing the title role, with her real-life son James playing Trottolo Golovin.

title: Maria Golovin


text:
USS Jeannette (1878)

USS Jeannette was a naval exploration vessel which, commanded by George W. De Long, undertook the Jeannette expedition of 1879–1881 to the Arctic. After being trapped in the ice and drifting for almost two years, the ship and her crew of 33 were released from the ice, then trapped again, crushed and sunk some 300 nautical miles (560 km; 350 mi) north of the Siberian coast. The entire crew survived the sinking, but eight died while sailing towards land in a small cutter. The others reached Siberia, but 12 subsequently perished in the Lena Delta, including De Long.

The vessel had begun her active career in 1861 as HMS Pandora, a Royal Navy gunboat. After more than a decade's service off the West African coast and in the Mediterranean, Pandora was retired from duty and sold as a private yacht to a British explorer, Allen Young. Young took her on two voyages to the Arctic, in 1875 and 1876, before selling her to James Gordon Bennett Jr., proprietor of the New York Herald, who changed her name to Jeannette. Although she sailed to the Arctic under the U.S. flag as USS Jeannette, subject to naval laws and discipline, Bennett remained responsible for the costs of the expedition.

Construction and launch
The ship that became USS Jeannette began her life as a Royal Navy gunboat, built at the Pembroke Naval Dockyards in 1860. She was of wooden construction, 146 ft in length and 25 ft at the beam, with a draft of 13 ft. Her tonnage, calculated by Builder's Measure, was 428 tons, with a displacement of 570 tons. She was rigged as a barque, but her principal means of propulsion was by a steam-driven screw.

After her launch on 7 February 1861, Pandora was taken from Pembroke to Portsmouth Dockyard, where she was fitted with her engines and boilers, and underwent trials before commissioning. On October 22, she concluded her trials successfully, achieving a speed of 9.25 knots over a measured mile.

Pandora
In November 1861, during the American Civil War, the diplomatic incident known as the Trent affair caused the Admiralty to bring additional ships into active service. On 27 December 1861, Pandora was formally commissioned, as tender to HMS Majestic (1853), and the following day sailed for Liverpool where Majestic was berthed. The crisis was quickly resolved; Pandora remained at Liverpool until January 1862 before returning to Portsmouth.

In April 1863, Pandora left Portsmouth for service off the coast of West Africa. On 2 October 1866, she collided with sister ship HMS Griffon (1860) off Little Popo. Griffon sank; her crew were rescued. Pandora returned in Portsmouth in 1867, and was transferred to the reserve. In April 1868, she was recommissioned, and returned to West Africa. Two years later she was transferred to the Mediterranean squadron, based at Valletta, Malta. This was her last commission in British naval service. In July 1872, after two years in the Mediterranean, she returned to Spithead, where she was taken out of active commission and berthed in Portsmouth as part of the steam reserve.

Allen Young
In 1875, Pandora was acquired from the navy by the yachtsman Allen Young, for use in one of the last expeditions sent to the Canadian Arctic to investigate the disappearance, 30 years previously, of the Franklin expedition. Young sailed in June 1875, seeking not only for signs of Franklin, but to discover and complete the Northwest Passage, then unconquered. He was unsuccessful on both counts; he found no traces of Franklin, was stopped by ice in Peel Sound, and he returned to England. One of the financiers for this venture was James Gordon Bennett Jr., the owner of the New York Herald.

In 1876, Young took Pandora north again, for a second attempt on the Northwest Passage. He was diverted by a request from the Admiralty to look for the British Arctic Expedition under George Nares, which was engaged in an attempt to reach the North Pole from Smith Sound. The expedition did not require Pandora's assistance, and Young returned home. In 1877, Young sold Pandora to Bennett, who was planning his own Arctic expedition.

Polar expedition
Bennett's plan was to sail a vessel through the Bering Strait, on the theory that the warm Pacific Ocean current known as the Kuro Siwo would provide a "thermometric gateway" whereby a suitable ship might reach the North Pole. This was the primary objective, but the ship was also equipped for scientific observation. By agreement with the U.S. Department of the Navy, Bennett would finance the expedition, but would sail under naval laws and discipline, and would be commanded by a naval officer, George W. De Long. Pandora was renamed Jeannette, after Bennett's sister, and in January 1879 arrived at the Mare Island Naval Shipyard, to be fitted for Arctic service.

Jeannette departed San Francisco on 8 July 1879. She sent her last communication to Washington from Saint Lawrence Bay, Chukotka, on 27 August. Shortly afterwards she encountered ice, of increasing severity as she pushed her way forward to Herald Island. On 7 September, she was caught fast in the ice at 71.58333°N, 175.1°W. For the next 21 months, Jeannette drifted in an erratic fashion, generally to the northwest but frequently doubling back on herself.

In May 1881, two islands were discovered, which De Long named Henrietta Island—after Bennett's mother—and Jeannette Island. On the night of 12 June, when they had reached 77.25°N, 155°W, the pressure of the ice finally began to crush the Jeannette. De Long and his men unloaded provisions and equipment onto the ice, and watched as the ship continued moaning through the night and finally disappeared beneath the water in the early morning of June 13.

The expedition began the long trek to the Siberian coast, hauling their sledges with boats and supplies. On their way they discovered a further island which they named Bennett Island in honor of the expedition's sponsor. After reaching the New Siberian Islands and gaining some food and rest, the party took to their three boats on September 12 for the last stage of their journey to the Lena Delta, their planned landfall. As a violent storm blew up, one of the boats—with lieutenant Charles W. Chipp and seven men—capsized and sank. The other two craft, commanded by De Long and chief engineer George W. Melville with 14 and 11 men respectively, survived the severe weather but landed at widely separated points on the delta.

The party headed by De Long began the long march inland over the marshy, half-frozen delta to hoped-for native settlements. After much hardship, with many of his men severely weakened, De Long sent the two strongest, William F. C. Nindemann and Louis P. Noros, ahead for help; they eventually found a settlement and survived. De Long and his 11 companions died of cold and starvation. In the meantime, on the other side of the delta, Melville and his party had found a native village and were rescued. Melville persuaded a group of locals to help him search for his commander. He succeeded in finding their landing place on the delta, and recovered De Long's logbook and other important records but returned without locating the De Long group. In the following spring, Melville set out again, and found the bodies of De Long and his companions on 23 March 1882.

On 18 June 1884, wreckage from Jeannette was found on an ice floe near Julianehåb, near the south-western corner of Greenland. This indicated that an ocean current flowed from east to west across the polar sea. It gave the Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen the idea that a properly-constructed ship could enter the ice in the east, survive the pressure during the drift, and emerge in the Atlantic, perhaps having traversed the pole itself. This theory was the basis of Nansen's Fram expedition of 1893–1896.

Although the open Polar Sea theory ended with Jeannette's voyage, the ship's meteorological and oceanographic records have provided 21st-century climatologists with valuable data relating to climate change and the shrinking of the polar icecap.

Recovery plan
In February 2015 the Russian adventurer, traveler and media personality Andrey Khoroshev announced that in consultation with the Russian Geographical Society, he was developing plans to locate and raise the wreck of Jeannette. Khoroshev told The Siberian Times: "This vessel lies at a depth of only 18 m, with the known location down to 1,000 m. So in modern day conditions, to find and raise it is not such a hard task." He imagined that the event would be a great boost for Russia's relations with the United States, "which are not very good right now". However, a survey of the area where the ship sank did not reveal any results and, it had not been found.

title: USS Jeannette (1878)


text:
Clerical script

The clerical script, sometimes also chancery script, is a style of Chinese writing that evolved from the late Warring States period to the Qin dynasty. It matured and became dominant in the Han dynasty, and remained in active use through the Six Dynasties period. In its development, it departed significantly from the earlier scripts in terms of graphic structures (a process known as libian), and was characterized by its rectilinearity, a trait shared with the later regular script.

Although it was succeeded by the later scripts, including the regular script, the clerical script is preserved as a calligraphic practice. In Chinese calligraphy, the term clerical often refers to a specific calligraphic style that is typical of a subtype of the clerical script, the Han clerical or bafen  script. This style is characterized by the squat character shapes, and its "wavy" appearance due to the thick, pronounced and slightly downward tails that are up-tilted at the ends.

Origin
Historical accounts, including the Book of Han (111 CE) and the postface of Shuowen Jiezi (c. 100 CE), mistakenly attribute the clerical script to Qin dynasty clerks, claiming that the clerks had devised the script to cope with the heavy workload. There are also historical traditions dating back to the Han dynasty which attributed the creation of clerical script specifically to a Qin-dynasty prison officer, Cheng Miao, who was said to have invented it at the behest of Qin Shi Huang. However, archaeological findings have shown that the clerical script was not the invention by a certain person or certain people, but was evolved naturally from the earlier scripts. It has also been argued that, rather than being established by government scribes, clerical script was already in popular use, and its use by clerks in the Qin dynasty merely reflects this trend.

The clerical script was developed from the local script varieties in the state of Qin in the Warring States period. These scripts are said to belong to the Qin-state script system, and were the basis on which the Qin small seal script was standardized. The folk varieties of the Qin-state scripts can be seen to already have employed shapes that are more rectilinear than in the more orthodox scripts, with less long, sinuous lines and more readily segmented strokes, and are closer to the later clerical script than to the small seal script in both style and structure. In particular, some scripts discovered on bamboo and wooden slips are stylistically distinct from the earlier and even contemporary Qin-state scripts, and thus are often seen as a form of early clerical script. Examples include the Shuihudi Qin bamboo texts, and the Qingchuan wooden slips.

Maturation
In the Qin dynasty, the official script was the small seal script. The clerical script was associated with low social status, and, although allowed as a sort of auxiliary writing style for clerks, was generally not used in formal occasions. However, it gradually assumed dominance over the small seal script over time, and had become the main script in use in the Han dynasty. Over the course of the Han dynasty, the clerical scripts continued to mature and stabilize, finally arriving at a visually unique style. This style is characterized by the following points:

 * Characters are typically wider than they are tall;
 * The rightward-falling stroke often has a heavy foot that is slightly up-tilted at the end;
 * The horizontal stroke also occasionally has a thick, downward dropping tail with a slightly up-tilted end, typically when it is one of the longer horizontally-directed strokes in a character.

The last two features above are sometimes called the 'wavy propensity' or 'wavy downward strokes'. Additionally, the leftward-falling strokes and anticlockwise curves also tend to have upward tilted ends.

Clerical scripts before the formation of these features are often called Qin clerical script or 'old script', which include the early clerical scripts from the late Warring States period to the early Han dynasty. Clerical scripts with these features are called 'Han script' or bafen  script. The style of bafen script is the basis of most of the later clerical-style calligraphy.

The most mature form of the bafen script can be found in the late Eastern Han dynasty, with "carefully and neatly executed" inscriptions on stelae. These stelae are regarded as calligraphic works of great significance, and are often used as models of clerical-style calligraphy. Some important inscriptions include:

 * 西嶽華山廟碑, abbr. 華山碑 or 華山廟碑, The Stele of Huashan Temple;
 * 漢魯相乙瑛請置孔廟百石卒史碑, abbr. 乙瑛碑, The Stele of Yi Ying;
 * 郃陽令曹全碑, abbr. 曹全碑, The Stele of Cao Quan;
 * 漢故穀城長盪陰令張君表頌, abbr. 張遷碑, The Stele of Zhang Qian

Transition to neo-clerical
A new type of clerical script, for which Chinese palaeographer Qiu Xigui termed the name "neo-clerical", arose in the Eastern Han dynasty. The script, for convenience, abandoned the heavy tails present in the bafen script, while taking influence from the contemporaneous cursive script. Influenced by this new script style, the semi-cursive script would then arise, which would in turn give rise to the regular script. The neo-clerical form, or an intermediate form of the neo-clerical and the semi-cursive forms, is said to have become the way the common people wrote by the Six Dynasties period. By the Northern and Southern dynasties, the regular script had succeeded the clerical script and become the principal script in use.

As a calligraphic practice
After the Northern and Southern dynasties, the clerical script was no longer actively in use, but its style survived in calligraphy.

In the Tang dynasty, calligraphers including Han Zemu, Shi Weize , Li Chao and Cai Youlin  were renowned for their clerical calligraphy. From the Tang to the Ming dynasties, calligraphers occasionally wrote in clerical style as well.

The Qing dynasty saw a revival in clerical-style calligraphy, with notable calligraphers such as Jin Nong, Deng Shiru, Yi Bingshou and Zheng Fu.

Modern use
Due to its high legibility to modern readers, the clerical-style calligraphy is still used for artistic flavor in a variety of functional applications such as headlines, logos, signboards, and advertisements.

There are a number of computer fonts that display CJK characters in the clerical style.

Names
The etymology of the Chinese name for the clerical script is uncertain. has been explained as ('prisoner-in-servitude") or  'convict', 'official of a low rank'. Some infer that the script was used in recording the affairs related to such prisoners, while others infer that it was used by prisoners conscripted as scribes.

Clerical script is also known as 'clerical characters', 'assistant writing' , 'historical writing' , and "official script".

Historical nomenclature
From the Northern and Southern dynasties to the Tang dynasty, the regular script was still sometimes referred to as instead of. To distinguish from the Han-dynasty clerical script proper, it was also referred to as the 'recent clerical script'. The Han-dynasty clerical script might accordingly be called the 'old clerical script', which is now also the name for the early clerical scripts before the bafen development.

title: Clerical script


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Klavier

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE and then create redirect. Golbez 22:04, Jun 20, 2005 (UTC)

Klavier

 * Delete. Is this page really necessary? Obscure song lyrics from obscure band. Eyeon 16:46, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Is any page really necessary? --Der Sporkmeister 16:43, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. --Der Sporkmeister 16:43, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Sporkmeister is the author of the article.

 * Delete. Copyright violation plus a paraphrase for the illiterate of the deep lyrics. Geogre 17:02, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * After you delete it, please redirect to piano. Gdr 17:54, 2005 Jun 13 (UTC)
 * Comment. Rammstein, who I wouldn't exactly call obscure, is a German band, so presumably the song is sung in German; is a translation of the lyrics still a copyvio? Also, not that it's going to do any good, but Eyeon, please review WP:POINT. There's no need for retaliatory VfD nominations. A и D я 01D  TALK  EMAIL  23:28, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * The translation is taken from the site linked, and is made by Jeremy Williams (which BTW has made much effort in translating all Rammstein songs) and he demands people to ask for permission before using the lyrics. I don't know if that has been done. -- Elisson | Talk 01:08, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and then redirect to piano as Gdr proposed. But hey, Eyeon, obscure band? Please research a little better next time... -- Elisson | Talk 01:08, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Keyboard instrument. JamesBurns 06:56, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete with no redirect. Klavier (with a K) is correct in German, but the English equivalent is clavier (for which a dab page already exists).  Further, if the word did exist in English, the redirect would be to keyboard instrument rather than to piano. --TenOfAllTrades(talk) 17:00, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Actually, a redirect to clavier under the "common misspelling" criterion might make sense, too.... --TenOfAllTrades(talk) 13:20, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Klavier


text:
User:Sasuke Sarutobi

{| table style="border:#99B3FF solid 1px;" cellpadding=5 General election 2024 declaration of interest: I am a member of the UK Labour party. I am nonetheless dedicated to making an accurate and unbiased encyclopedia for all, and aim to act in line with this.

About me
I am a graduate with a degree in Martial Arts and Strength and Conditioning, working as a software developer specialising in troubleshooting and product support, and with a background in logistical telematics and electrical telemetry. Until a few years ago, my main interest was reviewing and improving "sub-GA-class" articles, especially if there is a batch of articles that I can quickly and easily improve, but I have gradually worked more with templates, especially where they can be integrated with Wikidata to automate population of data fields. The first such template was Infobox U.S. Presidential Document

Reviewing
I believe that it is important for WikiProjects to have even brief reviews of existing articles in order that workload can be prioritised (especially if 'importance' fields are made available). To this end, I will occasionally work through the backlogs of unreviewed articles at WikiProjects such as WPs Languages and Linguistics, but am also given to stumble across WikiProjects randomly and contribute to clearing backlogs wherever I find them. To also contribute to even higher quality articles, I was also being mentored by Khazar2 for Good Articles reviewing until his sudden retirement. I now rarely get involved with Good Article amendments and reviews, but use the experience to help focus lower-quality articles towards GA-class status.

Wikipedia
When it comes to editing Wikipedia, I take a relativist standpoint; I believe that Wikipedia is a dynamic and organic entity, such that actions may not only be ends in themselves, but means to ends as well (like Wittgenstein's ladder). For this reason, I consider acceptable any edit or addition/subtraction of content made with the intention of making Wikipedia of higher quality, broader scope, and improved informativity. I also believe that Wikipedia is not just an self-contained encyclopaedia, but that Sir Tim Berners-Lee's World Wide Web should be exploited to its utmost to produce a navigable knowledge resource that also acts as a portal to relevant information throughout the World Wide Web. An article does not need to be directly citable to be useful, as it can still lead readers to further specific information on the topic, such as the sources of books and articles.

For this reason, I am a strong advocate of good referencing. For Wikipedia, I tend to prefer in-line numbering over Harvard & APA styles, with hyperlinking allowing information to be made directly navigable rather than requiring cross-referencing.

My writing style
I am a British English user of the serial comma, and justify use of the singular they by analogy to quantum superposition (i.e. given an indeterminate gender, both and neither gender is therefore correct). Likewise, although I do not use the emphatic double negative, and generally avoid the deletive double negative for the sake of unambiguity, I describe both as correct by analogy to the operations of subtraction and multiplication respectively performed on negative numbers. Having studied the German language to an intermediate level (which has now sadly waned), my English grammar is occasionally also influenced by German grammar in terms of syntax (I learned whom through the German wem, and maintain that it is part of a deprecated dative case in English now mostly restricted to pronoun declension, though am becoming more convinced that the English dative case is a form of lative case). I try to avoid use of 'however', as I feel it dilutes juxtaposition by marking it too obviously (and because I consider it a trope from what I believe to be its original synonymy to 'regardless'). But I do not object to opening conjunctions. (I also tend to abuse parenthesis.)

Languages
You may notice that I have more than a passing interest is languages (or at least, regularly passing, like a postman in my mind); I speak halting German, and understand bits of French. I also know a few bits of other languages here and there, but they're far too insignificant to mention.

I have a long-term goal to eventually improve my languages by translating articles (notably in my chosen WikiProjects, especially on things like Polish RAF squadrons). I am open to any suggestions for translations, but my translation in a number of languages is currently greatly facilitated by machine translation tools, so after manual proofing, my writing is at a very basic level.

Me in other languages:
 * 'Mich' auf Deutsch
 * 'Moi' en Français
 * 'Me' a Italiano
 * 'Ja' w Polskim

Martial arts
I don't currently study any styles, but have a background in both Japanese and Chinese martial arts, such as Karate, Bujinkan Budo Taijutsu, Tai Chi, and Wing Chun, as well as having dabbled in kung fu and modern wushu.

Along the lines of martial arts, my user name comes from Sarutobi Sasuke, a ninja from late 19th-century Japanese literature.

Besides martial arts, my interests also extend to theoretical physics, systems dynamics and mathematics, especially quantum physics, biomathematics, and epidemiology. I will however read anything with the slightest piece of jargon and any unusual symbols.

 * }

title: User:Sasuke Sarutobi


text: User talk:130.243.93.229

title: User talk:130.243.93.229


text:
Donna Air

Donna Marie Theresa Air (born 2 August 1979) is an English actress, producer and philanthropist.

Early life and education
Donna Marie Theresa Air was born on 2 August 1979, in Gosforth, North Tyneside, to receptionist Marie (née Lackenby) and mechanical engineer Trevor Air. The eldest of three children, Air has a sister, Francesca, and brother, Alexander.

Air grew up in Gosforth, Newcastle upon Tyne, where she attended St Oswald's Catholic Primary School and later Sacred Heart Convent School and Gosforth High School.

She also attended First Act Theatre, a local youth theatre group. Her fellow students at First Act Theatre included Jill Halfpenny and Anthony McPartlin. Air also modeled as a child, appearing in ads for Nissan, Asda, and Lenor.

Career
Air first appeared as an extra on the CBBC programme Byker Grove at age 10. The producer asked her to audition for a role, and she was cast as Charlie Charlton. In 1994, she and her costars Jayni Hoy and Vicky Taylor formed Byker Groove!, releasing the single "Love Your Sexy", which charted at 48 on the UK Singles Chart. Air moved to London at 15, continuing the band as a duo with Hoy as Crush. Two of the band's singles released in 1996, "Jellyhead" and "Luv'd Up", charted in the UK at 50 and 45 respectively, while their debut studio album Teenage Kicks failed to chart. The band's management team booked Crush on a tour of the United States, Japan and South East Asia, commencing after Air completed her GCSEs, with "Jellyhead" subsequently peaking at 76 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Following her promotional touring, she returned to the United Kingdom and in September 1997 signed to MTV UK to host the daily live show, MTV Select, later becoming a presenter of several shows including The Big Breakfast, Channel 4's flagship morning entertainment show. Air departed MTV Select in April 2000, citing her desire to return to acting and to devote more time to her role on The Big Breakfast as the reasons for her departure. In January 2001, Air was promoted to a main presenter on The Big Breakfast in a relaunch of the programme amid falling viewer figures. However, Air later resigned in May of that year, with Channel 4 axing The Big Breakfast shortly thereafter. Also in May, Air appeared in The Mummy Returns, the sequel to The Mummy (1999), in a "blink-and-you'll-miss-it cameo" that BBC film critic Neil Smith described as one of the only points of difference between the sequel and the original film.

She has also appeared in many television dramas, most recently Hollyoaks in 2010 and Hotel Babylon in 2008, BBC TV comedy Operation Good Guys, Catherine Cookson's six-parter A Dinner of Herbs, and Lynda La Plante's Supply & Demand. Air appeared in the films Still Crazy (1998) and Bad Day (2008) amongst others. Air presented on Five's early evening, magazine programme Live from Studio Five, alongside regular presenter of the programme, Kate Walsh.

In January 2013, Air participated in the ITV programme Splash! She replaced Jennifer Metcalfe at short notice. In November 2017, Air announced that she would be taking part in the tenth series of Dancing on Ice. She was partnered with Mark Hanretty. They were eliminated in Week 7.

In 2019, Air was announced as having a starring role in the second series of the drama The Split, which started airing on BBC One in February 2020.

Personal life
In 2000, Air was introduced to businessman and animal conservationist Damian Aspinall by their mutual friend Tara Palmer-Tomkinson. The pair began a long-term relationship, and Air gave birth to their daughter, Freya Air Aspinall, in September 2003. Shortly after her birth, the couple announced their intention to place her in the care of a gorilla, a ritual in which Aspinall's older children had already taken part.

Air and Aspinall separated amicably in 2007. In 2013, Air began dating James Middleton, the younger brother of Catherine, Princess of Wales; the pair eventually separated in 2018.

Air has supported charities including the Macmillan Cancer Support, Race for Life, Sport Relief, and Jeans for Genes.

she was living in Chelsea, London.

title: Donna Air


text:
Acridinae

The grasshopper subfamily Acridinae, sometimes called silent slant-faced grasshoppers, belong of the large family Acrididae in the Orthoptera: Caelifera.

Description
In appearance, the species are often similar to those of the subfamily Gomphocerinae, with whom they share a slanted face. However Acridinae differ from Gomphocerinae in that they lack stridulatory pegs on their hind legs and thus, as the common name suggests, do not make sounds. The antennae of this species is flattened and sword-like, a trait also shared with some gomphocerines and also with the spurthroated grasshoppers (subfamily Cyrtacanthacridinae). They lack the posternal spine seen in the spurthroated grasshoppers and lubber grasshoppers (subfamily Romaleinae). Hind wings in this species range from nearly colorless to colorless.

Tribes and genera
The Orthoptera Species File lists the following:

Acridini
Auth.: MacLeay, 1821; distribution: widespread in warmer parts of the Old World & Australasia (partial list):
 * Acrida Linnaeus, 1758
 * Acridarachnea Bolívar, I., 1908
 * Cryptobothrus Rehn, 1907
 * Keshava (insect) Gupta & Chandra, 2017

Calephorini
Auth.: Yin, 1982; distribution: Africa, Europe, Indo-China; single genus:
 * Calephorus Fieber, 1853

Gymnobothrini
Auth.: Uvarov, 1953 - Africa
 * 1) Brachybothrus Popov, 2019
 * 2) Chirista Karsch, 1893
 * 3) Comacris Bolívar, 1890
 * 4) Coryphosima Karsch, 1893
 * 5) Guichardippus Dirsh, 1959
 * 6) Gymnobothrus Bolívar, 1889
 * 7) Hulstaertia Ramme, 1931
 * 8) Keya (insect) Uvarov, 1941
 * 9) Malcolmburria Uvarov, 1953
 * 10) Oxybothrus Uvarov, 1953
 * 11) Rastafaria Ramme, 1931
 * 12) Roduniella Bolívar, 1914
 * 13) Tenuihippus Willemse, 1994
 * 14) Zacompsa Karsch, 1893

Hyalopterygini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893; distribution: Americas
 * 1) Allotruxalis Rehn, 1944
 * 2) Cocytotettix Rehn, 1906
 * 3) Eutryxalis Bruner, 1900
 * 4) Guaranacris Rehn, 1944
 * 5) Hyalopteryx Charpentier, 1845
 * 6) Metaleptea Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893
 * 7) Neorphula Donato, 2004
 * 8) Orphula Stål, 1873
 * 9) Parorphula Bruner, 1900
 * 10) Paulacris Rehn, 1944

Pargaini
Auth.: Uvarov, 1953 - Africa
 * 1) Acteana Karsch, 1896
 * 2) Machaeridia Stål, 1873
 * 3) Odontomelus Bolívar, 1890
 * 4) Parga (insect) Walker, 1870
 * 5) Phryganomelus Jago, 1983

Phlaeobini
Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 - Africa, Middle East, Asia

 * genus group Afrophlaeoba Jago, 1983
 * 1) Afrophlaeoba Jago, 1983
 * 2) Brachyphlaeobella Jago, 1983
 * 3) Chlorophlaeobella Jago, 1983
 * 4) Chokwea Uvarov, 1953
 * 5) Chromochokwea Jago, 1983
 * 6) Paralobopoma Rehn, 1914
 * 7) Parodontomelus Ramme, 1929
 * 8) Platyverticula Jago, 1983
 * genus group Duronia Stål, 1876
 * 1) Duronia Stål, 1876
 * 2) Duroniella Bolívar, 1908
 * 3) Leopardia Baccetti, 1985
 * 4) Oxyduronia Popov, 2019
 * genus group Ocnocerus Bolívar, 1889
 * 1) Anacteana Popov, 2019
 * 2) Hyperocnocerus Uvarov, 1953
 * 3) Ocnocerus Bolívar, 1889
 * 4) Panzia Miller, 1929
 * 5) Rhabdoplea Karsch, 1893
 * 6) Sumba (grasshopper) Bolívar, 1909

 * genus group not determined:
 * 1) Calliphlaeoba Ramme, 1941
 * 2) Cannula Bolívar, 1906
 * 3) Chlorophlaeoba Ramme, 1941
 * 4) Culmulus Uvarov, 1953
 * 5) Glyphoclonus Karsch, 1896
 * 6) Holopercna Karsch, 1891
 * 7) Mesophlaeoba Kumar & Usmani, 2015
 * 8) Oxyphlaeoba Ramme, 1941
 * 9) Oxyphlaeobella Ramme, 1941
 * 10) Paraphlaeoba Bolívar, 1902
 * 11) Phlaeoba Stål, 1861
 * 12) Phlaeobacris Willemse, 1932
 * 13) Phlaeobella Ramme, 1941
 * 14) Phlaeobida Bolívar, 1902
 * 15) Pseudophlaeoba Bolívar, 1914
 * 16) Pyrgophlaeoba Miller, 1929
 * 17) Sikkimiana Uvarov, 1940
 * 18) Sinophlaeoba Niu & Zheng, 2005
 * 19) Sinophlaeobida Yin & Yin, 2007
 * 20) Xerophlaeoba Uvarov, 1936
 * 21) Zygophlaeoba Bolívar, 1902

Truxalini
Auth.: Serville, 1838
 * 1) Acridarachnea - monotypic A. ophthalmica Bolívar, 1908
 * 2) Chromotruxalis Dirsh, 1950
 * 3) Oxytruxalis Dirsh, 1950
 * 4) Truxalis Fabricius, 1775
 * 5) Truxaloides Dirsh, 1950
 * 6) Xenotruxalis Dirsh, 1950 - monotypic X. fenestrata (Ramme, 1929)

Genera incertae sedis

 * 1) Aeropedelloides Liu, 1981
 * 2) Anaeolopus Uvarov, 1922
 * 3) Bababuddinia Bolívar, 1917
 * 4) Bambesiana Koçak & Kemal, 2008
 * 5) Brachyacrida Dirsh, 1952
 * 6) Calliphlaeoba Ramme, 1941
 * 7) Capulica Bolívar, 1917
 * 8) Carinacris Liu, 1984
 * 9) Carliola Uvarov, 1939
 * 10) Chromacrida Dirsh, 1952
 * 11) Closteridea Scudder, 1893
 * 12) Cohembia Uvarov, 1953
 * 13) Conuacris Willemse, 1932
 * 14) Covasacris Liebermann, 1970
 * 15) Dorsthippus Donskoff, 1977
 * 16) Duroniopsis Bolívar, 1914
 * 17) Eoscyllina Rehn, 1909
 * 18) Epacromiacris Willemse, 1933
 * 19) Euprepoptera Uvarov, 1953
 * 20) Euthynous Stål, 1877
 * 21) Julea Bolívar, 1914
 * 22) Kaloa (insect) Bolívar, 1909
 * 23) Lemuracris Dirsh, 1966
 * 24) Lobopoma Karsch, 1896
 * 25) Luzonica Willemse, 1933
 * 26) Megaphlaeoba Willemse, 1951
 * 27) Neophlaeoba Usmani & Shafee, 1983
 * 28) Nimbacris Popov & Fishpool, 1992
 * 29) Nivisacris Liu, 1984
 * 30) Orthochtha Karsch, 1891
 * 31) Oxyolena Karsch, 1893
 * 32) Oxyphlaeoba Ramme, 1941
 * 33) Palawanacris Ramme, 1941
 * 34) Pamacris Ramme, 1929
 * 35) Paracoryphosima Descamps & Wintrebert, 1966
 * 36) Paraduronia Bolívar, 1909
 * 37) Paraphlaeoba Bolívar, 1902
 * 38) Paraphlaeobida Willemse, 1951
 * 39) Pasiphimus Bolívar, 1914
 * 40) Perella (insect) Bolívar, 1914
 * 41) Phlocerus Fischer von Waldheim, 1833
 * 42) Phorinia (insect) Bolívar, 1914
 * 43) Plagiacris Sjöstedt, 1931
 * 44) Pseudoeoscyllina Liang & Jia, 1992
 * 45) Pseudopargaella Descamps & Wintrebert, 1966
 * 46) Pseudoptygonotus Zheng, 1977
 * 47) Ruganotus Yin, 1979
 * 48) Rugophlaeoba Willemse, 1951
 * 49) Shabacris Popov & Fishpool, 1992
 * 50) Sherifuria Uvarov, 1926
 * 51) Urugalla Uvarov, 1927
 * 52) Vietteacris Descamps & Wintrebert, 1966
 * 53) Vitalisia Bolívar, 1914
 * 54) Weenenia Miller, 1932
 * 55) Wellawaya (insect) Uvarov, 1927
 * 56) Xenocymochtha Popov & Fishpool, 1992
 * 57) Xenoderus Uvarov, 1925
 * 58) Yendia Ramme, 1929
 * 59) Zambiacris Johnsen, 1983
 * 60) Zygophlaeoba Bolívar, 1902

Genera sometimes or formerly placed here

 * Achurum and Mermiria (otherwise in Gomphocerinae)
 * Gastrimargus (otherwise in Oedipodinae).
 * the tribe Parapleurini (containing Stethophyma) is now placed in Oedipodinae.

title: Acridinae


text:
Tony Amendola

Tony Amendola (born August 24, 1951) is an American actor. He played the Jaffa master Bra'tac in Stargate SG-1 and Pinocchio's creator/father, Geppetto on Once Upon a Time. He also had a recurring role as revolutionary leader Edouard Kagame of Liber8 in the television show Continuum.

Early life
Tony Amendola was born in New Haven, Connecticut, on August 24, 1951. His mother originates from the town of Amalfi in Italy. In an interview by Blackfilm.com, he was asked, "Are you of Latino descent?" He answered, "I'm of Italian [descent], but a diaspora [that has led to] into Argentina and Mexico. My family came to the States." Tony was the first in his family to attend college and was set to become a lawyer, but his life went into a different direction and he ended up taking both pre-law courses and theater classes. After graduating from Southern Connecticut State University in 1974, he studied and earned a Master of Fine Arts Degree in 1977 at Philadelphia's Temple University. In 1978, he moved to Los Angeles to find work in film and television.

Career
Amendola is known for widely diverse roles such as the murderous drug dealer Santos Jimenez on Showtime's grisly drama Dexter, the long running role of Jaffa master Bra'tac in the science fiction series Stargate SG-1, Liber8 leader Kagame on the Syfy show Continuum, Geppetto/Marco in ABC's fantasy drama series Once Upon a Time and the Catholic priest Father Perez in the 2014 horror film Annabelle, a role he reprised for the 2019 film The Curse of La Llorona.

Amendola plays a Spanish magistrate in the 1998 swashbuckler film The Mask of Zorro and appears as a separate character in its 2005 sequel. He portrays a Mexican marijuana farmer in the 2001 crime drama film Blow. His television appearances of note include roles on The X-Files, Seinfeld, Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman, Angel, Alias, The Practice, Star Trek: Voyager and She-Wolf of London.

He also has a long history of stage performances and spent his first twelve years as an actor almost exclusively in the theater. His theater credits include Othello, The Taming of the Shrew, American Buffalo, Tupolski in The Pillowman, and Shylock in The Merchant of Venice.

Amendola is the voice actor for Khadgar, one of the central characters of the video-game World of Warcraft. In 2019, he voiced Jedi researcher Eno Cordova in the video game Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order and its 2023 sequel.

Personal life
Amendola lives in Los Angeles with his wife, Judith Marx. He is fluent in Italian and Spanish.

title: Tony Amendola


text:
Samuel Green (freedman)

Samuel Green (c. 1802 – February 28, 1877) was a slave, freedman, and minister of religion. A conductor of the Underground Railroad, he was tried and convicted in 1857 of possessing a copy of the anti-slavery novel Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe following the Dover Eight incident. He received a ten-year sentence, and was pardoned by the Governor of Maryland Augustus Bradford in 1862, after he served five years.

An African American lay minister, he was a founder and trustee of the Mt. Zion Methodist Church (now Faith United Methodist Church) in New East Market. After the American Civil War, he co-founded and worked at the Centenary Biblical Institute (now Morgan State University). The school taught men to become ministers. The Greens were members of the Orchard Street United Methodist Church in Baltimore.

Early life
Born around 1802 in East New Market, Maryland, little is known about his parents. His father's status is not known, but his mother was enslaved. It is possible that he was related to Harriet "Ritt" Green, the mother of Harriet Tubman.

Enslaved
Green was an enslaved field hand in Dorchester County, Maryland. When his enslaver, Henry Nicholas, died in 1832, a provision in his will provided that Green should be freed after five more years of servitude:

"It is my will and desire that my negro man Sam Green, be sold for a term of five years and my negro man Daniel for a term of ten years, and to have the liberty to choose Masters, and after the expiration of said terms I do hereby manumit and set them free."

- Henry Nichols, Last Will and Testament

Green became a blacksmith, which allowed him to earn and save money after his work day. After a year of servitude, Green was able to buy off the remaining four years and was freed.

Marriage and children
Green married Catherine (born ca. 1806), who was also called "Kitty", and they had two children, Samuel Jr. born in 1829 and Susan who was born in 1832. His wife and their children were enslaved by Ezekial Richardson. Green was able to buy his wife's freedom in 1842 for $100. Green and his wife stayed in the East New Market area.

In the 1830s, Green was deeded land near the Mt. Zion Methodist Church that was built in East New Market in the 1880s. He was among a group of trustees that were deeded land. The Greens lived on Indian Creek, about six miles up Choptank River. Indian Creek is between two and four miles southwest of New East Market. Green was literate and likely taught his children to read and write. He also had a deep faith in Methodism.

Green had tried, but was unsuccessful in purchasing the freedom of his children, Samuel, Jr. was born in 1829 and Susan, also known as Sarah, was born three years later. They were more valuable because they had more work years ahead of them. Their children remained enslaved, but they lived with their parents until 1847 when Richardson sold the children to Dr. James Muse. In 1850, six-year-old Edward Johnson lived with Catherine and Sam Green. A four-year-old girl also lived with the Greens that year.

In 1854, Sam Jr. fled to Canada. Susan married and had two children. She was permanently separated from her family when Muse sold her to a slaveholder in Missouri after Sam Jr. ran away.

Free blacks in Maryland
Maryland had the largest number of free African Americans in the country, with more than half of Maryland's blacks living in Dorchester County in 1860. Former enslaved people were freed by manumission, such as through the wills of their owners. Some were allowed to perform extra work and saved up enough to purchase their freedom. Concerned that free blacks would help enslaved people escape, laws were enacted that limited their civil rights.

Freedom
After Green was freed, he worked as a farmer and as a lay minister or exhorter in the African Methodist Episcopal Church in Dorchester County, Maryland. Rev. Samuel Green was a founder and trustee of the Mt. Zion Methodist Church, now Faith United Methodist Church. Green's reputation grew in stature in both the African-American and white communities of Dorchester County. In 1852, he served as a delegate to the Convention of the Free Colored People of Maryland in Baltimore, where he resisted efforts to encourage emigration to Africa.

He and his wife attended 1855 National Convention of Colored Citizens of the United States, held at Franklin Hall in Philadelphia, as a delegate from Maryland. He met prominent Northern black abolitionists there, including Mary Ann Shadd Cary, Frederick Douglass, Jacob Gibbs, Stephen Myers, William Cooper Nell, Charles Lenox Remond, and John Rock.

Underground Railroad
Green provided shelter for Harriet Tubman and people fleeing slavery. He was a suspected operator, but he was held in high esteem by the white community so he was able to operate freely for some time.

He helped coordinate Underground Railroad activity, including the escape of his son, his son's friends, and the Dover Eight. In 1854, Samuel Jr. sent a letter urging his parents to come to Canada, and asking for their help in encouraging his friends to runaway. Peter Jackson followed Sam Jr. to Canada in 1854. In late 1856, Joe Bailey and Peter Pennington ran away and were helped by Green. Green traveled to Canada to visit his son and made plans to move there with his wife.

Samuel Jr's flight
In August 1854, Sam Jr., a skilled blacksmith, ran away from Muse. Harriet Tubman provided encouragement and instructions for him. He found his way to the Philadelphia office of William Still, prominent in the Underground Railroad, who recorded the facts about Green's escape. Still forwarded him to Charles Hicks Bustill in Philadelphia, where he stayed for four days. At some point, he assumed the name of Wesley Kinnard for the trip and received a few dollars. Green traveled to New York City and then was guided to Canada, the town of Salford in Ontario. Once settled, Sam, Jr. wrote to his parents, telling them of his successful journey to freedom, which included "plenty of friends, plenty to eat, and to drink." After his escape, his sister was separated from her family when she was sold away to Missouri.

Samuel Jr. married a woman named Louisa and they had at least three children. In 1861, his wife and two children lived in Norwich, Ontario. Ten years later, he lived in Ancaster, Ontario. He died of pneumonia in 1875 at 45 years of age.

Dover Eight
Green, who lived in East New Market, provided assistance to the Dover Eight during their escape from Bucktown, Maryland. He was suspected to have been involved in the incident and Sheriff Robert Bell searched his house after Green returned from a trip to visit his son in Canada. Among other documents, Bell found a letter from his son Samuel who lived in Canada, a map of Canada, railroad schedules, and the book Uncle Tom's Cabin (1852) by Harriet Beecher Stowe. Green was arrested on April 4, 1857, for having Uncle Tom's Cabin, considered a "abolitionist handbill". The book and other materials were believed to have been "calculated to create discontent amongst the colored population". Green became a symbol of free blacks who would help others escape slavery.

Trial
Charles F. Goldsborough prosecuted the case against Green in a two-week trial in a Dorchester County, Maryland court. Unable to find direct evidence of Green's involvement in the Underground Railroad, Goldsborough argued that Uncle Tom's Cabin was "insurrectionary in intent." James Wallace, a slaveholder, was Green's defense attorney who "vigorously" defended Green and argued against the characterizations of the abolitionist material. He was acquitted of being in possession of "abolition papers of an inflammatory character," but was found guilty of the felony charge of possessing "a certain abolition pamphlet called  'Uncle Tom's Cabin' ... calculated to create discontent amongst the colored population,'" based upon Chapter 272 of the Act of 1841 of Maryland, which stated that "if any free Negroes or mulatto knowingly have in his or her possession any abolition handbill, pamphlet, newspaper, pictorial representation or other paper of an inflammatory character, having a tendency to create discontent amongst or stir up to insurrection the people of color in this state, he or she shall be deemed guilty of felony." If convicted, they could be sentenced ten to twenty years in prison. He was sentenced to at least ten years at the Maryland Penitentiary in Baltimore on May 14, 1857. It was very unusual for someone to be convicted of possessing an anti-slavery book.

Green was imprisoned in the Maryland State Penitentiary in Baltimore. While there, he managed paperwork for the warden because he could read and write. The Greens sold their property to pay for the cost of the trial. His wife Catherine moved to Baltimore and took in laundry.

Governors of Maryland were pressed to pardon Green, primarily by white Methodists who stated that Uncle Tom's Cabin was owned by a lot of people, perhaps including the governor. There were more runaways after the Dover Eight's escape and slaveholders wrote to the governors with their concern. After receiving a petition of a number of people asking Governor Hicks to pardon Green, according to Green, the governor stated, "I know Green. So far his moral character goes, he is an honest man; but if I pardon him, I shall be called an abolitionist and mobbed." In March 1862, Governor Augustus Bradford pardoned Green under the condition that he left the state within 60 days.

Final years
When he was freed, his story was of interest to fellow abolitionists and Green made speeches along the East Coast of the United States. He worked with William Lloyd Garrison and William Still. He received a copy of Uncle Tom's Cabin from Harriet Beecher Stowe. Green and his wife Eliza moved to London, Ontario.

After the end of the American Civil War (1861–1865), Green worked as a domestic servant.

In 1870, Green returned to Dorchester County, where he lived with his wife Catherine and 9 year old Frank Green. He was a member of the Delaware Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, where he focused on education. They settled in Baltimore in 1874. He co-founded and worked at the Centenary Biblical Institute (now Morgan State University). The school taught men to become ministers. The Greens were members of the Orchard Street United Methodist Church in Baltimore.

Green died in Baltimore on February 28, 1877. He was buried at South Baltimore Cemetery, the historic Mount Auburn Cemetery, Baltimore's oldest African-American cemetery.

Legacy

 * In 2007, Faith United Methodist Church of East New Market received an Outstanding Project Heritage Award by the Heart of Chesapeake Country Heritage Areas of the Dorchester County Tourism Department. During their October Heritage Day in 2007, Green was portrayed in a play in which he was helped found of the Mt. Zion Methodist Church, now Faith United Methodist Church, and he as a trustee of the church. The play also depicted his imprisonment for having the Uncle Tom's Cabin book (following the escape of the Dover Eight). The play was written and produced by Barry O. Foreman, a local playwright.
 * There is also a historical marker at the Faith United Methodist Church that relates the story of Green's life.
 * An exhibit at the Dorchester County Courthouse in Cambridge, Maryland tells about how Green was tried and convicted for possessing a volume of Uncle Tom's Cabin.
 * Nkeiru Okoye wrote the opera Harriet Tubman: When I Crossed that Line to Freedom which depicts Green as a character. It was first performed in 2014.

title: Samuel Green (freedman)