text:
User talk:Zls44

Hi, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions to the coolest online encyclopedia I know of =). I sure hope you stick around; we're always in need of more people to create new articles and improve the ones we already have.  You'll probably find it easiest to start with a tutorial of how the wikipedia works, and you can test stuff for yourself in the sandbox.  When you're contributing, you'll probably find the manual of style to be helpful, and you'll also want to remember a couple important guidelines.  First, write from a neutral point of view, second, be bold in editing pages, and third, use wikiquette.  Those are probably the most important ones, and you can take a look at some others at the policies and guidelines page. You might also be interested in how to write a great article and possibly adding some images to your articles.

Be sure to get involved in the community – you can contact me at my talk page if you have any questions, and you can check out the village pump, where lots of wikipedians hang out and discuss things. If you're looking for something to do, check out the community portal. And whenever you ask a question or post something on a talk page, be sure to sign your name by typing ~~~~.

Again, welcome! It's great to have you. Happy editing! --Spangineer (háblame)  18:19, Jun 12, 2005 (UTC)

Image:Rentschler Field.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Rentschler Field.jpg. I notice the 'image' page specifies that the image is being used under fair use, but its use in Wikipedia articles fails our first fair use criterion in that it illustrates a subject for which a freely licensed image could reasonably be found or created. If you believe this image is not replaceable, please:
 * 1) Go to the image description page and edit it to add
 * 2) On the image discussion page, write the reason why this image is not replaceable at all.

If you have uploaded other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified how these images fully satisfy our fair use criteria. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on [ this link]. Note that any fair use images which are replaceable by free-licensed alternatives will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. ccwaters 22:17, 31 October 2006 (UTC)

WikiProject College football December 2007 Newsletter
The December 2007 issue of the College football WikiProject newsletter has been published. You may read the newsletter, change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you, or unsubscribe from this notification by following the link. Thank you. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 02:31, 13 December 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject College football January 2008 Newsletter
The January 2008 issue of the College football WikiProject newsletter has been published. You may read the newsletter, change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you, or unsubscribe from this notification by following the link. Thank you. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 21:27, 3 January 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject College football February 2008 Newsletter
The February 2008 issue of the College football WikiProject newsletter has been published. You may read the newsletter, change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you, or unsubscribe from this notification by following the link. Thank you. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 23:13, 3 February 2008 (UTC)

Speedy deletion of Template:User University of Connecticut
A tag has been placed on Template:User University of Connecticut requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done under section T3 of the criteria for speedy deletion, because it is a deprecated or orphaned template. After seven days, if it is still unused and the speedy deletion tag has not been removed, the template will be deleted.

If the template is intended to be substituted, please feel free to remove the speedy deletion tag and please consider putting a note on the template's page indicating that it is substituted so as to avoid any future mistakes (<noinclude>{{transclusionless}}</noinclude>).

Thanks. --MZMcBride (talk) 19:37, 20 February 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject College football March 2008 Newsletter
The March 2008 issue of the College football WikiProject newsletter has been published. You may read the newsletter, change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you, or unsubscribe from this notification by following the link. Thank you. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 19:40, 1 March 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject College football April 2008 Newsletter
The April 2008 issue of the College football WikiProject newsletter has been published. You may read the newsletter, change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you, or unsubscribe from this notification by following the link. Thank you. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 01:49, 2 April 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject College football May 2008 Newsletter
The May 2008 issue of the College football WikiProject newsletter has been published. You may read the newsletter, change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you, or unsubscribe from this notification by following the link. Thank you. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 23:20, 1 May 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject College football June 2008 Newsletter
The June 2008 issue of the College football WikiProject newsletter has been published. You may read the newsletter, change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you, or unsubscribe from this notification by following the link. Thank you. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 23:44, 1 June 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject College football July 2008 Newsletter
The July 2008 issue of the College football WikiProject newsletter has been published. You may read the newsletter, change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you, or unsubscribe from this notification by following the link. Thank you. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 00:48, 5 July 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject College football August 2008 Newsletter
The August 2008 issue of the College football WikiProject newsletter has been published. You may read the newsletter, change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you, or unsubscribe from this notification by following the link. Thank you. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 19:36, 1 August 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject College football September 2008 Newsletter
The September 2008 issue of the College football WikiProject newsletter has been published. You may read the newsletter, change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you, or unsubscribe from this notification by following the link. Thank you. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 22:01, 1 September 2008 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free media (Image:Whus.gif)
Thanks for uploading Image:Whus.gif. The media description page currently specifies that it is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, it is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the media was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that media for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that all non-free media not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. BJBot (talk) 08:05, 3 October 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject College football October 2008 Newsletter
The October 2008 issue of the College football WikiProject newsletter has been published. You may read the newsletter, change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you, or unsubscribe from this notification by following the link. Thank you. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 22:23, 6 October 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject College football December 2008 Newsletter
The December 2008 issue of the College football WikiProject newsletter has been published. You may read the newsletter, change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you, or unsubscribe from this notification by following the link. Thank you. Automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 03:11, 3 December 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject College football January 2009 Newsletter
The January 2009 issue of the College football WikiProject newsletter has been published. You may read the newsletter, change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you, or unsubscribe from this notification by following the link. Thank you. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 03:15, 10 January 2009 (UTC)

Hartford Meetup: We need your help!
The next Connecticut Wikipedia meetup will take place sometime during April 2009 at Real Art Ways cafe and arts center in Hartford, Connecticut. Please list on the meetup page whether or not you can go. Also please contribute ideas for topics and dates! Hope to see you there! This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 23:09, 6 February 2009 (UTC)

WikiProject College football February 2009 Newsletter
The February 2009 issue of the College football WikiProject newsletter has been published. You may read the newsletter, change the format in which future issues will be delivered to you, or unsubscribe from this notification by following the link. Thank you. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) 02:21, 11 February 2009 (UTC)

Connecticut Meetup: You are invited!
The 2nd Connecticute Meetup will take place on April 18th, 2009 at Real Art Ways cafe and arts center in Hartford, Connecticut. Please state whether or not you can attend on the meetup page. This has been an automated delivery by BrownBot (talk) because your name was on the invite list. 16:44, 21 February 2009 (UTC)

You're invited! New England Wikimedia General Meeting
Message delivered by Dominic at 09:04, 11 April 2012 (UTC). Note: You can remove your name from this meetup invite list here.

2nd Annual Wikimedia New England General Meeting
You are invited to the 2nd Annual Wikimedia New England General Meeting, on 20 July 2013 in Boston! We will be talking about the future of the chapter, including GLAM, Wiki Loves Monuments, and where we want to take our chapter in the future! EdwardsBot (talk) 10:18, 16 July 2013 (UTC)

New England Wikipedia Day @ MIT: Saturday Jan 18
(You can unsubscribe from future notifications for Boston-area events by removing your name from this list.)

You're invited!
(You can unsubscribe from future notifications for Boston-area events by removing your name from this list.)

This Friday: Women in Architecture edit-a-thon @ Cambridge, MA
You are invited to join the Women in Architecture edit-a-thon @ Cambridge, MA on October 16! (drop-in any time, 6-9pm)--Pharos (talk) 18:28, 14 October 2015 (UTC)

Sunday July 16: New England Wiknic @ Cambridge, MA
(You can subscribe/unsubscribe from future notifications for Boston-area events by adding or removing your name from this list.)

title: User talk:Zls44


text:
User talk:KFP

 ''Welcome to my talk page! Please post new messages at the bottom of this page and please use headlines when starting new talk topics. If you leave a message here, I will usually reply here (and possibly notify you on your talk page). Thank you. --KFP (talk | contribs) ''

ArbCom 2023 Elections voter message
 Hello! Voting in the 2023 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

If you wish to participate in the 2023 election, please review the candidates and submit your choices on the voting page. If you no longer wish to receive these messages, you may add to your user talk page. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:22, 28 November 2023 (UTC)

Administrative permissions and inactivity reminder
This is a reminder that established policy provides for removal of the administrative permissions of users who have made fewer than 100 edits over a 60-month period. You are receiving this annual reminder since you have averaged less than 50 edits per year over the last 5 years.Inactive administrators are encouraged to reengage with the project in earnest rather than to make token edits to avoid loss of administrative permissions. Resources and support for reengaging with the project are available at WikiProject Editor Retention/administrators. If you do not intend to be engaged with the project in the foreseeable future, please consider voluntarily resigning your administrative permissions by making a request at the bureaucrats' noticeboard.Thank you for your past contributions to the project. — JJMC89 bot 00:21, 1 January 2024 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:KFP


text:
User talk:Gsingh

Welcome to The Wikipedia Adventure!

 * Hi !  We're so happy you wanted to play to learn, as a friendly and fun way to get into our community and mission.  I think these links might be helpful to you as you get started.
 * The Wikipedia Adventure Start Page
 * The Wikipedia Adventure Lounge
 * The Teahouse new editor help space
 * Wikipedia Help pages

--

title: User talk:Gsingh


text:
DK King of Swing

DK: King of Swing is a 2005 puzzle-platform game developed by Paon and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy Advance. King of Swing diverges from the gameplay of other games in the Donkey Kong series, instead featuring characters rotating around pegs to progress similar to the NES game Clu Clu Land. King of Swing has a single-player adventure mode, as well as a competitive multiplayer mode for up to four players. The game received mixed reception.

A sequel, DK: Jungle Climber, was released for the Nintendo DS in 2007.

DK: King of Swing was re-released for the Wii U's Virtual Console in Japan and North America in November 2014 and in Europe and Australia in January 2015.

Gameplay
In DK: King of Swing, gameplay is primarily based around the use of the L and R triggers, which control the player character's left and right hands respectively. By holding the trigger, the character's fist will clamp shut, grasping anything in its range. Pegs and pegboards are positioned throughout the environment for characters to grasp, allowing the player to climb and traverse their surroundings. Grasping a peg with the character's right or left hand will respectively cause them to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise around it, and the player must use their spinning momentum to propel them through the air. Both the triggers and the D-pad can be used to affect horizontal character movement while airborne or on the ground. Pressing both triggers simultaneously while grounded will cause the character to jump, while holding the triggers at any time will cause them to store up power, after which they will perform a charge attack when the triggers are released. This can be used to attack enemies and obstacles or cross short gaps. Players can also perform other tasks with their character's hands in combination with their spinning momentum, such as turning cranks, pulling levers, and throwing rocks at distant enemies.

In the game's single-player Adventure mode, King K. Rool steals the prize medals from the upcoming Jungle Jam tournament, prompting Donkey Kong to chase after him and retrieve the stolen medals. Players control Donkey Kong as he travels across five worlds, each made up of four stages and a boss battle. Scattered across each stage are bananas for Donkey Kong to collect, which the player can spend at any time during gameplay to recover Donkey Kong's health or grant him temporary invincibility. Players can find one of 20 Crystal Coconuts hidden in each stage, which are used to unlock bonus content. A stolen medal can also be found in nearly every stage, as well as earned from defeating each boss. Completing the game with all 24 medals collected will unlock "Diddy Mode", a more difficult version of Adventure where the player controls Diddy Kong. A time attack mode for the Adventure stages can also be unlocked.

In Jungle Jam mode, the player can participate in four-player competitive events against computer-controlled opponents or up to three other players via the use of a Game Link Cable. There are five types of Jungle Jam events: two based around racing, two based around battling, and one based around capturing territory on a board. Players are awarded bronze, silver, or gold medals for defeating CPU opponents in single-player events, with additional events unlocked as the player earns medals in Adventure. Donkey Kong, Diddy Kong, Dixie Kong and Funky Kong all appear as playable characters in Jungle Jam by default; by obtaining collectibles in Adventure and gold medals in Jungle Jam, players can also unlock Wrinkly Kong, Kremling, King K. Rool, and Bubbles from Clu Clu Land.

Reception
DK: King of Swing has received mixed reception, garnering an aggregate score of 71.85% on GameRankings based on 39 reviews. IGN gave the game a score of 7.8 out of 10, criticizing the cartoon-style graphics as being a big step back from the pre-rendered 3D rendered graphics featured in the Donkey Kong Country series, but they considered DK: King of Swing as an example of a Nintendo game attempting something that's both unique and familiar at the same time.

Legacy
A sequel to DK: King of Swing, titled DK: Jungle Climber, was released in 2007 for the Nintendo DS. It received favorable reviews and was generally considered an improvement over King of Swing.

title: DK King of Swing


text:
Party of Democratic Action (Kosovo)

The Party of Democratic Action (Stranka demokratske akcije (SDA)) is a political party in Kosovo.

At the legislative elections held on 8 June 2014, the party won 0.15% of the popular vote and none out of 120 seats.

The party represents the Bosniak minority of Kosovo and is affiliated to the Party of Democratic Action in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

title: Party of Democratic Action (Kosovo)


text:
The Man Called Flintstone

The Man Called Flintstone is a 1966 American animated musical comedy film produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions and distributed by Columbia Pictures. The second film by Hanna-Barbera following Hey There, It's Yogi Bear! (1964), it was directed by series creators/studio founders William Hanna and Joseph Barbera from a screenplay by Harvey Bullock and R. S. Allen.

A theatrical spin-off of the 1960–66 television series The Flintstones, and a swan song (series finale), produced immediately following the end of production, the film was released on August 3, 1966, just four months after the series ended. The working title was That Man Flintstone, with the film poster featuring Fred Flintstone in the same pose of the Bob Peak poster for Our Man Flint. The plot is a parody of spy films, primarily those featuring James Bond.

The film marked the first feature voice role for Gerry Johnson (Betty Rubble), and Henry Corden (Fred's singing voice), the latter of whom would go on to fully assume the role of Fred following Alan Reed's death in 1977. Despite numerous musical interludes, including one performed by Louis Prima, the series' iconic theme song is absent.

Plot
In the opening scene, a man physically identical to Fred Flintstone, later revealed to be secret agent Rock Slag, is being chased through Bedrock. His pursuers, Ali and Bobo, think that they have finally killed Slag when they push him off a building. Meanwhile, the Flintstones and Rubbles prepare for a camping vacation which includes trying to drop Dino and Hoppy off at the veterinarian. On the way back, Fred crashes Barney's car, and they make a stop at the hospital where Rock Slag is also recovering. After Ali and Bobo find Rock and put him out of commission, Chief Boulder of the Secret Service enlists Fred to take his place in Paris for a special meeting. His assignment is to meet Tanya, the #1 female lieutenant of master criminal the Green Goose, who has agreed to turn over the Green Goose in return for a chance to meet the irresistible Rock Slag. Rock is not sure that this is such a good idea but the Chief reassures him that he will keep an eye on Fred.

Thinking that the Green Goose is an actual bird, Fred tells his family that their vacation has become an all-expense-paid trip to Eurock. Barney and Fred return all the camping gear and use the money to buy the Rubbles tickets to go along. Meanwhile, Ali and Bobo make several attempts on Fred's life assuming that he is Rock Slag. Once in Paris, the Chief tells Fred that he must now go to Rome instead, with the help of master of disguise Triple X. Fred makes attempts to sneak away from Wilma to meet with Tanya, but ends up spending the night trying to escape all of Rock's female admirers. After missing a date with Wilma, Fred buys her a "genuine imitation diamond necklace" from a street hustler to make it up to her, but finds that she slept soundly through the night without even realizing that he was missing.

Discovering the Chief's secret office, Fred tries to back out of his assignment but after finding out what the Green Goose really is, he has pangs of guilt over Pebbles' future and makes an excuse to get away and meet Tanya at a restaurant. Unfortunately, Wilma and the Rubbles go to the same restaurant and catch them together - thinking that Fred is having an affair. Rock actually shows up to replace Fred, but gets mistakenly pounded by an angry Wilma, Betty and Barney and ends up out of commission again. Tanya then leads Fred to the Green Goose (whose hideout is at an abandoned amusement park), but he is unaware that the Chief has been taken out by Ali and Bobo, so he has no back-up. Barney, meanwhile, has followed Fred to see what this is all about, and they both end up captured by the Green Goose. Barney is tortured in an effort to get Fred, who is believed to be Rock, to give him secret information. Fred refuses to talk, despite Barney's torture.

Triple X, who is revealed to be The Green Goose, makes plans to launch his deadly inter-rockinental missile, which is disguised as the park's space ride. Fred and Barney accidentally lock themselves inside the missile until the Green Goose overhears that Fred has an "expensive" necklace on him. When he offers to release them in exchange for it and opens the door, the boys turn the tables on the Green Goose and lock him in the missile with Ali, Bobo and Tanya—with the target now reset for outer space, sending them all to an unknown fate.

A huge welcome home ceremony is held in Bedrock for the return of Fred, now considered a hero, but he is just grateful to be back home with his family (after the restaurant mishap is cleared), who head on a secret getaway. As Fred and Barney relax on a fishing trip, Roberta, one of Rock's admirers whom Fred met in Rome, and her brother Mario appear behind them and chase Fred, whom they think is Rock Slag, all over town, much to the confusion of Wilma, Barney, and Betty.

Cast

 * Alan Reed and Henry Corden as Fred Flintstone
 * Mel Blanc as Barney Rubble, Dino
 * Jean Vander Pyl as Wilma Flintstone, Pebbles Flintstone
 * Gerry Johnson as Betty Rubble
 * Don Messick as Ali
 * Janet Waldo as Roberta
 * Paul Frees as Triple X, Green Goose, Bobo, Rock Slag, Mario
 * Harvey Korman as Chief Boulder
 * John Stephenson as George Slate
 * June Foray as Tanya

Soundtrack
The Man Called Flintstone soundtrack album was released on vinyl by Hanna-Barbera Records.

Side A:
 * 1) "The Man Called Flintstone" (Instrumental)
 * 2) "Spy Chief" (Instrumental)
 * 3) "Spy Type Guy"
 * 4) "Bobo and Ali" (Instrumental)
 * 5) "Team Mates"
 * 6) "Paris Bound" (Instrumental)

Side B:
 * 1) "(Someday) When I Am Grown Up"
 * 2) "The Happy Sounds of Pareé"
 * 3) "Pensate Amore (Think Love)"
 * 4) "Scooter Scootin'" (Instrumental)
 * 5) "Tickle Toddle"
 * 6) "The Man Called Flintstone"

Reception
Variety gave The Man Called Flintstone a positive review on August 10, 1966, calling the production "excellent" and noting that the "stone-age scenery and machinery are mildly amusing and sometimes highly inventive". The review judges the plot to be a fast-moving and clever spoof of contemporary spy films.

Home media
Hanna-Barbera Home Video released the film on VHS on January 26, 1989. A DVD release of the film was announced by Warner Home Video on August 25, 2004, for a December 7 release date to coincide with the third season DVD, but the film's DVD release was delayed. On March 22, 2005, Warner Home Video released the film on DVD in Canada. This edition was re-released by Warner Home Video in the United States on December 2, 2008, along with Hanna-Barbera's 1964 feature Hey There, It's Yogi Bear!.

In 2010, the film was made available in HD via video on demand outlets, such as the iTunes Store and Amazon Prime Video. Unlike the DVD release (which is 4:3 open matte), the streaming version is presented in a more accurate widescreen aspect ratio of 1.78:1.

The Man Called Flintstone was included in the DVD collection The Flintstones: 2 Movies & 2 Specials on August 4, 2020, and later as a bonus feature on the Blu-ray boxset The Flintstones: The Complete Series in October 2020. In these releases, the film is in its widescreen aspect ratio of 1.78:1, and is only in standard definition on both the DVD and Blu-ray.

title: The Man Called Flintstone


text:
Laxmikant–Pyarelal

Laxmikant–Pyarelal were an Indian composer duo, consisting of Laxmikant Shantaram Kudalkar (1937–1998) and Pyarelal Ramprasad Sharma (born 1940). They composed music for about 750 Hindi movies from 1963 to 1998, working for almost all notable filmmakers, including Raj Kapoor, Dev Anand, Shakti Samanta, Manmohan Desai, Yash Chopra, K. Balanchander, Boney Kapoor, J. Om Prakash, Raj Khosla, L. V. Prasad, Subhash Ghai, Mahesh Bhatt, K. Viswanath and Manoj Kumar.

Laxmikant
Laxmikant Shantaram Kudalkar was born on the day of Laxmi Pujan, Dipawali on 3 November 1937. Probably, because of the day of his birth, his parents named him Laxmikant, which is a name of Lord Vishnu, consort of Goddess Laxmi. His father died when he was a child. Because of the poor financial condition of the family he could not complete his academic education either. Laxmikant's father's friend, a musician himself, advised Laxmikant and his elder brother to learn music. Accordingly, Laxmikant learned to play the mandolin and his elder brother learned to play the tabla. He spent two years in the company of the well-known mandolin player Hussain Ali. He began organising and performing in Indian Classical instrumental music concerts to earn some money. Later, in the 1940s, he also learned mandolin from Bal Mukund Indorker and violin from Husnalal (of the Husanlal Bhagatram fame). Laxmikant began his film career as a child actor in the films Bhakt Pundalik (1949) and Aankhen (1950). He also acted in some Gujarati films.

Pyarelal
Pyarelal Ramprasad Sharma (born 3 September 1940) is the son of a renowned trumpeter Pandit Ramprasad Sharma (popularly known as Babaji), who taught him the basics of music. He started learning violin at the age of 8 and practised it 8 to 12 hours daily. He learnt to play violin from a Goan musician named Anthony Gonsalves. The song "My Name Is Anthony Gonsalves" from the movie Amar Akbar Anthony is regarded as a tribute to Mr. Gonsalves (the movie had music by Laxmikant–Pyarelal). By the age of 12, his family's financial condition had deteriorated, which in turn forced him to earn money by playing in studios. Pyarelal then used to frequent and play the violin in studios such as Ranjit Studios, to earn money for his family. Pyarelal's brother Gorakh Sharma played guitar for various songs composed by the duo Lakshmikant Pyarelal.

In an interview with Annu Kapoor recently, he has mentioned that he was quite an adept violinist and expert in western form of music. Pyarelal even thought to try his fortune in the West and wanted to become a regular orchestra player with a renowned group. Lakshmikant dissuaded him and then they started the amazing journey of music for Indian cinema.

Music career
In their early days, Laxmikant–Pyarelal's music was very similar to Shankar–Jaikishan's music, as Laxmikant was a great fan of theirs. Once Shankar even changed his orchestration to make sure that his music did not sound like Laxmikant–Pyarelal's. Laxmikant–Pyarelal's first film as music directors was not released. The first released movie which featured them as music directors was Babubhai Mistry's Parasmani (1963), which was a costume drama. All the songs of the film became immensely popular, esp. "Hansta Hua Nurani Chehara", "Wo Jab Yaad Aaye" and "Mere Dil Main Halki Si". Throughout their tenure as music directors, Laxmikant–Pyarelal only used A-grade singers. Their mentors, Lata Mangeshkar and Mohammad Rafi agreed to sing for them in spite of low budgets, and Laxmikant–Pyarelal always remained indebted to them. In fact, all three, Lata, Mohammad Rafi and Asha Bhosle have sung the highest number of songs in their career for Laxmikant–Pyarelal. They continued to give patronage to Mohammed Rafi, sometimes against filmmakers' wishes. They had a great rapport with Kishore Kumar as well. Kishore Kumar sang the most songs (402) for L-P among all male singers, followed by Rafi (about 388 songs).

Laxmikant–Pyarelal hit the big time with Rajshri Productions' 1964 film Dosti. The film had two newcomer heroes who never became popular, and the film was a success due to its music. Songs like "Chahoonga Main Tujhe Shaam Savere" and "Rahi Manwa" became very popular Sung by the versatile Mohammed Rafi. At that time, many used to think that there was a single person by the name of Laxmikant Pyarelal. Laxmikant–Pyarelal won their first Filmfare Best Music Director Award for the movie, ahead of stalwarts like Shankar–Jaikishan (for Sangam) and Madan Mohan (for Woh Kaun Thi?). Then came Lootera, a superhit musical non-star cast film, which is remembered only because of Lata Manageshkar's superhit songs with Laxmikant–Pyarelal.

 * In 1966 L-P started cementing their place in Hindi film music. L-P's first musical hit film, with a big star cast, Aaye Din Bahar Ke was released, followed by Pyar Kiye Jaa. Even in films with lesser-known actors, L-P scored hit music: in Sati Savitri (Songs:"Tum Gagan Ke Chandrama Ho", "Jeevan Dor Tumhi Sang Bandhi", "Kabhi To Miloge"); in Sant Gyaneshwar (Songs: "Jyot Se Jyot Jagate Chalo", "Khabar More Na Line"); in Hum Sab Ustaad Hai (Songs: "Pyar Batate Chalo", "Ajanabi Tum Jane Pehachane Se"); in Mr. X in Bombay (Songs: "Mere Mehboob Quayamat Hogi", "Chali Re Chali Re Gori", "Khoobsurat Haseena"); and in Shriman Fantush..(Songs: "Sultana Sultana Tu Na Ghabarana", "Yeh Dard Bhara Afasana").

In 1967, L-P consolidated their position in the Hindi film industry with a series of hits, one after another. Non star cast film Farz was L-P's first golden jubilee musical hit, followed by big star cast films such as Anita, Shagird, yet another Golden Jubilee hit, Patthar Ke Sanam, Night in London, Jaal and another evergreen musical hit Milan. L-P received their second Filmfare Trophy for Milan without any stiff competition.

The rise of Laxmikant–Pyarelal, Rahul Dev Burman, and Kalyanji-Anandji marked the end of an old era of Bollywood music, which had belonged to Jaidev, Shankar–Jaikishan,Hemant Kumar, Sachin Dev Burman, Naushad, C. Ramchandra, Khayyam, Madan Mohan, O. P. Nayyar, Roshan, Salil Chowdhury, N Datta and others. Big film producing names, such as Prasad Productions, Rajshri Productions, J. Om Prakash, Raj Khosla, Manoj Kumar, Ramanand Sagar, Madan Mohla, Mohan Sahagal, V.Shantaram, Raj Kapoor, Yash Chopra, Manmohan Desai, Subhash Ghai and many more, started replacing their regular music directors and preferred Laxmikant–Pyarelal on a regular basis, and in return L-P have given outstanding music to justify the replacement among the big names.

One of the most important associations that the duo developed was with lyricist Anand Bakshi. The team of Laxmikant–Pyarelal and lyricist Anand Bakshi churned out some of the most popular songs in Hindi Cinemas history. The combo composed songs for more than 250 movies. Anand Bakshi was the lyricist who wrote the maximum number of texts Laxmikant–Pyarelal gave music to. He was actually the lyricist for all the films for which Laxmikant–Pyarelal won Filmfare Awards, except their first award.

Actor Rajesh Khanna kept Laxmikant–Pyarelal as music director for 26 of his films.

Another great collaboration was with Mohammed Rafi. He has sung many hits under their baton. "Dhal Gaya Din" (with Asha) in Humjoli (1970) became a superhit. "khilona jaan kar tum" and "Teri Shaadi pe dun tuj ko mein kya" from Khilona (1970), "Duniya pagal hai yaa mein dewaana" from Shagird  (1970),Then with Asha "Hungama Ho Gaya" and "Balma Hamar Motorcar Leke Aayo" from Anhonee (1974), "Aye Mere Nanhe Gulfam" from Jagriti (1977), "Aaiye Shauk Se Kahiye" from Parvarish (1977), "Teri Rab Ne" (With Mohammed Rafi) from Suhaag (1979), "Ek Hasina Thi" - Kishore Kumar and "Dard-e-Dil" sung by Mohammed Rafi from Karz (1980), "Are Bhaago Are Dauro" from Bandish (1980), "Man Kyun Behka Re" from Utsav (1985), "Balram Ne Bahut Samjhaya" from Ram Balram (1980) etc. They recorded the second most songs with Asha Bhosle. In the years 1980–1986, most of their songs would be sung by Asha only. "Hungama Ho Gaya" from Anhonee was a chartbuster and Asha was nominated for a Filmfare Award in 1974. The song was later re-recorded for the 2014 film Queen, with additional voice by Arijit Singh, it again hit the top charts and became a superhit. "Man Kyun Behka Re" with Lata was also a hit and several blockbusters by L-P had Asha as lead voice in films such as Suhaag, Vakil Babu, Dostana, Adha Din Adhi Raat, Loha and Anhonee etc. to name a few. L-P scored for a Nagarjuna (actor) "Telugu" Film Majnu (1987 film) which remained a musical hit. Mohammed Rafi, till his death remained their preferred male singer although many others such as Kishore Kumar, Mukesh, manna Dey and Mahender Kapoor have sung for them whilst Shailder singh was introduced in the Movie "Bobby"

Style of music
Laxmikant–Pyarelal composed Indian classical music as well as Western music; they were most popular for their folk tunes and semi-classical music. For Shagird, they composed Rock-n-Roll-style melodies, and in Karz the music is closer to disco. For this film they wrote a Westernised version of a Ghazal, "Dard-e-dil Dard-e- jigar", and they received the Filmfare Best Music Director Award for the year.

Binaca Geet Mala
LP dominated the Weekly Hindi Film songs Countdown programme Binaca Geet Mala, the most popular musical radio programme of its time. Its first broadcast was in 1953 by Radio Ceylon and its host was Ameen Sayani. The Binaca Geet Mala ranked the most popular Bollywood film songs according to sales in select shops in select cities.

In the third quarter of 1963, L-P's first ever song "Hansta Hua Nurani Chehra" from Parasmani hit the "Binaca Geet Mala". After that, L-P's songs were regularly and prominently aired on "Binaca Geet Mala". There used to be sixteen songs in each of the weekly "Binaca Geet Mala" programme, more than half the numbers of the songs were of L-P. There are certain weekly Binaca Geet Mala programmes in which more than 13 out of 16 songs of LP were broadcast when LP were right on top of their career. BGM used to broadcast annual (Vaarshik) programme giving the orders of the top 32 songs of every year. In this programme also, L-P had the upper hand. Not only that, on average, there used to be at least 15 songs from L-P, also about 50% of the songs between top to tenth position. Laxmikant–Pyarelal have 245 numbers of Binca Geetmala Final Songs...(The songs compiled at the end of every year, to measure the popularity)..The highest numbers of the songs by any music directors appeared in Binaca Geetmala Finals. Apart from Laxmikant–Pyarelal have the highest numbers of the TOP songs for 11 years. The Binaca Geet Mala records show that Laxmikant–Pyarelal have completely dominated this musical programme.

Popular top songs
In all, 174 songs of L-P appeared in Binaca Geet Mala finals.

Relationship with leading singers
Lata Mangeshkar played a major role in shaping up the careers of Laxmikant–Pyarelal. She sang the highest number of songs for them. Lata Mangeshkar and Laxmikant–Pyarelal shared a long, close and rewarding association. From 1963, through the next 35 years, Lata Mangeshkar and Laxmikant–Pyarelal were to chalk up around 712 songs together, the highest numbers of the song sung by her under any music directors, which accounted for one in every 10 Hindi film songs recorded by the Melody Queen, and one of every four songs composed by Laxmikant–Pyarelal. Their work includes variety and range; there were chart-slammers and classics, and chaalu numbers as well as connoisseur choices. Laxmikant–Pyarelal dominates Lata's voice in Sati Savitri (1964), Lootera (1965), Intaquam (1969), Sharafat (1970), Abhinetri (1970), Mera Gaon Mera Desh (1971), Jal Bin Machhali Nritya Bin Bijlee (1971), Raja Jani (1972), Bobby (1973), Satyam Shivam Sundaram and Ek Duje Ke Liye (1981)... all have different styles.

Asha Bhosle recorded almost 494 songs for Laxmikant–Pyarelal. Their collaboration lasted almost 35 years, 1963–1998. They gave Asha multiple hits and made Asha Bhosle one of the most sought after singer of the 1970s with chart toppers like "Hungama Ho Gaya", "Dhal Gaya Din", "Koi Shahari Babu', "Ek Haseena Thi" etc.

Singer Mohammed Rafi has sung as many as 379 songs under Laxmikant–Pyarelal. This is the highest number of songs sung by Mohammed Rafi with any of the music directors in Hindi film music. Songs from Dosti, Aaye Din Bahar Ke, Aya Sawan Jhoom Ke, Mere Hamdam Mere Dost, Jeene Ki Raah, Dharam Veer, Amar Akbar Anthony and Sargam etc. have the dominance of Rafi. Mohammed Rafi played a very important role in the Music Duo's career. Laxmikant–Pyarelal started their career with a song of Rafi in the film Parasmani (1963). Rafi Sahab sang for L-P for free and blessed them that - "This music Duo may work together to their last breath." Therefore, Laxmikant–Pyarelal always respected Rafi till the end and Rafi sang his last song- "Tere Aane Ki Aas Hai Dost..." under direction of L-P, which was recorded on 31 July 1980 in Mahboob studio at 10:00 PM. Shortly afterwards Mohd. Rafi died at 10:25 PM.

Laxmikant–Pyarelal also produced some memorable songs rendered by Kishore Kumar, 402 songs, the second highest numbers of songs sung by Kishore Kumar under any of the music directors in Hindi film. Namely "Mere Mehboob Qayamat Hogi", "Pyar Batate Chalo", Mere Naseeb Main", "Ye Dard Bhara Afsana", Vaada Tera Vaada", "Yeh Jeevan Hai", "Mere Dil Main Aaj Kya Hai", "Mere Diwane Pan Ki", "My Name Is Anthony Gonsalves", "Aap Ke Anurodh Pe", "Ik Ritu Aaye", "Gaadi Bula Rahi Hai", "Ruk Jaana Nahin", "Om Shanti Om" and many more hits.

Laxmikant–Pyarelal kept a balancing act between Kishore Kumar (402 songs) and Mohammed Rafi (379 songs). During the peak wave of Kishore Kumar after Aradhana, it is Laxmikant–Pyarelal who gave highest numbers of songs to Mohammed Rafi. In 1977, L-P brought back the glory of Mohammed Rafi through "Amar Akbar Anthony" and "Sargam".

Laxmikant–Pyarelal also worked with Mukesh, Manna Dey, Mahendra Kapoor, Amit Kumar, Alka Yagnik, Udit Narayan, Shailender Singh, P. Susheela, K. J. Yesudas, S. P. Balasubrahmanyam, K. S. Chithra, S.Janaki and Anuradha Paudwal. However, they also gave big breaks to many newcomers such as Kavita Krishnamurthy, Mohammed Aziz, Suresh Wadkar, Shabbir Kumar, Sukhwinder Singh, Vinod Rathod, and Roop Kumar Rathod. L-P always wanted to engage the voice of Talat Mahmood so they specially composed a very melodious song "Mohabbat Ki Kahaniyan" in 1971 for the film Wo Din Yaad Karo in which Lata accompanied Talat.

On 7 May 2011, the event house Kakas Entertainment arranged a show called Maestros, by Pyarelal, in which they revived old songs with singers such as, Anuradha Paudwal, Sonu Nigam, Alka Yagnik, Kavita Krishnamurthy, Sudesh Bhosle and many other Bollywood singers.

Laxmikant–Pyarelal are the only composers who assembled the legendary singers Kishore Kumar, Mohammad Rafi, Mukesh and Lata Mangeshkar together, for the song "Humko Tumse Ho Gaya Hai Pyar Kya Kare" in Amar Akbar Anthony.

After Laxmikant's death
After Laxmikant's death, Pyarelal has done some work independently. Yet, Pyarelal always used the name 'Laxmikant–Pyarelal' for all the future compositions. When the playback singer Kumar Sanu turned music director, he approached Pyarelal to arrange music for him. Pyarelal was approached to assist in the music of Farah Khan's Om Shanti Om song "Dhoom Tana". In 2009 Pyarelal won the Sachin Dev Burman International Award for Creative Sound and Music at the Pune Film Festival. Pyarelal has done a show with Kakas Entertainment called Maestros: A musical Journey of Laxmikant–Pyarelal.

Awards
After Laxmikant–Pyarelalji made their debut as a music director duo in 1963, they were nominated for Best Music at the Filmfare Awards almost every year. Many times, they were nominated for 3 or more films in a particular year. At the same time, L-P narrowly missed the awards for musical hits like Aaye Din Bahar Ke, Intaqam, Do Raaste, Mera Gaon Mera Desh, Shor, Daag, Bobby, Ek Duuje Ke Liye, Prem Rog, Utsav, Sur Sangam, Farz, Shagird, Tezaab, Hero and Mr. India.

Laxmikant–Pyarelal received won 7 awards and 25 nominations.

Achievements

 * Bobby has been rated the 17th best soundtrack ever by Planet Bollywood on their "100 Greatest Bollywood Soundtracks". Other soundtracks in the list include Amar Akbar Anthony (25), Roti Kapada Aur Makaan (27), Dosti (32), Hero (36), Ek Duuje Ke Liye (44), Karz (50), Ram Lakhan (59), Kranti (61), Tezaab (65), Do Raaste (74), Milan (75), Khalnayak (77) and Prem Rog (85).

title: Laxmikant–Pyarelal


text:
Macrotyloma geocarpum

Macrotyloma geocarpum is also known as the ground bean, geocarpa groundnut, Hausa groundnut, or Kersting's groundnut. In French, it is often called la lentille de terre. M. geocarpum is an herbaceous annual plant and a crop of minor economic importance in sub-Saharan Africa, tolerant of drought, with a growth habit similar to that of the peanut.

M. geocarpum is a pulse belonging to the legume family. It is primarily produced in western Africa, specifically in Benin and surrounding regions. It can provide nutrition, income, and the ability to alleviate hunger given the further production and enhancement of current practices.

Yields reach 500 kg/ha in dry seed.

Early 20th century, West Africa
Following the construction of the Nigerian railway system, which extended from Lagos in 1896 to Ibadan in 1900 and Kano in 1911, the Hausa of northern Nigeria became major producers of groundnuts. They surprised the British, who had expected the Hausa to turn to cotton production. However, the Hausa had sufficient agricultural expertise to realize cotton required more labor and the European prices offered for groundnuts were more attractive than those for cotton. "Within two years, the peasant farmers of Hausaland were producing so many tonnes of groundnuts that the railway was unable to cope with the traffic. As a result, the European merchants in Kano had to stockpile sacks of groundnuts in the streets." This is a great example of the African initiative taken by peasant producers to adapt to a cash economy. It is not clear, however, whether the "Hausa groundnut", M. geocarpum, was the groundnut being produced in such significant numbers, as peanuts and Bambara groundnuts are also grown in the region.

Nutritional value
M. geocarpum is noted for relatively low yields, but high protein content and desirable flavour. Per 100g of dried seed, it consists of 9.7 g of water, 348 kcal, 19.4 g protein, 1.1 g fat, 66.6 g carbohydrates, 5.5 g fibre, 103 mg calcium, 392 mg phosphorus, 15 mg iron, 0.76 mg thiamin, 0.19 mg riboflavin, and 2.3 mg niacin. Leaves can also be eaten.

Geography
Benin is located in the savanna of Africa which has weather conditions that are fairly humid in the south while being semiarid in the north. It offers growing conditions for a variety of crops that can be intercropped in the differing seasons, known as the dry season and rainy season, as well as having differing climate between the north and south. Southern climate is primarily stable, maintaining temperatures between 27 and 32 °C in the warmest season and 22 to 25 °C during the colder season. In the north, temperatures fluctuate between 27 and 32 °C in the dry season and 25 to 27 °C during the lowest season.

Mergeai notes that cultivated forms of Kersting's groundnut are known, but not commonly grown, in coastal African nations from Senegal to Nigeria. Tamini records the declining cultivation of Kersting's groundnut in the south west of Burkina Faso.

Growing conditions
The geocarpa groundnut pod develops in the ground in pods in regions in Benin under the previously noted climate conditions. The growing conditions that allow for the success of the groundnut are seen in several countries across Africa in the savanna.

Economics
While the groundnut provides nutrition and the potential to alleviate hunger in Africa, it also offers potential to reduce poverty by contributing economically to small-scale farmers. In Benin in 2012, a kilogram of the geocarpa groundnut could sell for $2–$4 - roughly three to five times the price of rice, and selling up to 30 bags a day produces noteworthy incomes. Specifically, incomes average $1000 a month for this product alone. Considering that this crop is being produced on an average of 0.48 ha of land, the underuse is evident. Increasing the area of farming land for this crop would be extremely beneficial to both producers and consumers, as it would allow for a greater generation of the crop and enhance the availability to the greater population. With the generation of $1000 monthly incomes, the possibilities that the geocarpa groundnut offer to the economies of small-scale farming in Benin and other regions is promising.

Constraints to wider adoption
M geocarpum crops have been decreasing in production for years. The reduction is causing the adoption to halt, as farmers in regions new to the crop are unwilling to take chances with crops not seen to be a feasible option. With proper implementation and production practices, these constraints can be lifted. One problem is that it is viewed as crop for elders to farm; a reduction in plantation has been occurring and will continue to decrease unless wider adoption is met. Further education in agriculture practices could alleviate this issue.

Rusts and mildews can be problematic diseases for this crop in the more humid parts of its range.

M. geocarpum is indigenous to west Africa, but is not widely grown there, and shows low levels of morphological variation. The need to maintain genetic diversity and food security by continuing to grow this crop throughout its historical range may be more important than promoting its adoption in new regions. It is most widely grown where markets for it exist and where a history of religious and cultural significance for the crop is known.

Gender involvement
Although variation in regions may be present, Benin is host to a very female-empowered agriculture enterprise. Holding the main role in marketplace interactions, women have an important role in both the production and sale of their products. In southern Benin, where primary production occurs, both men and women contribute. In the north, however, operations run by primarily females are dominant. Women contribute to the production of many underused crop species in Benin more than their counterparts, and the increase in production could enhance the position and empowerment of women in Africa.

Practical information
The geocarpa groundnut can be rotated with other species, thus reducing the risk of health degradation to soils. Producing as much as possible without degrading soil quality is as important as the crop itself, but with proper implementation the production can carry on to harvests that will bring upon wealth, both in the economical and health sides of the matter.

title: Macrotyloma geocarpum


text:
Talk:Bernese Alps

Move to Bernese Alps
In German, Berner Oberland refers to the part of the canton of Bern that is situated in the Alps, whereas the branch of the Alps that is described in this article and is not confined to the canton of Bern is called Berner Alpen.

There is no reason why the English wikipedia should not translate this distinction. Therefore, this article should be moved to Bernese Alps, and in Bernese Oberland a translation of the corresponding German article should be created. -- j. 'mach' wust ˈtʰɔ̝ːk͡x 18:23, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * You're probably right, but I think it's strange that there is no link in the Berner Oberland article to the Berner Alpen, and that the summits of the Berner Alpen are named at Berner Oberland. To me (I'm Dutch) the term Berner Oberland is much better known than Berner Alpen, and I would say that Eiger, Jungfrau etc. are in Berner Oberland. May be the result of tourism propaganda. Markussep 19:02, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Who's gonna make propaganda for a geographical terminus technicus of a specific range of the Alps? The term Berner Oberland is much more common in Switzerland as well. -- j. 'mach' wust ˈtʰɔ̝ːk͡x 19:35, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

support Markussep 21:45, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

It's a fine distinction, but not a first - "B. Oberland" would be more about the region (more "geographical", if you will), while "B. Alps" would be more about the mountains (more "geological"). I support making the distinction, but it will be hard to phrase the articles such that future editors don't try to re-merge into one. Stan 17:35, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Appearently, this distinction is not problematic on the German wikipedia. Why should it be problematic on the English wikipedia, then? After all, I guess that most who are going to edit these articles will come from Switzerland, where nobody would think of the Bernese Oberland as containing any territory outside the canton of Bern. -- j. 'mach' wust ˈtʰɔ̝ːk͡x 09:28, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Unfortunate past experiences I'm afraid. There are so many English-language editors out there it's quite common for a random semi-educated to come in and scramble things before anybody has a chance to react. In-article explanations are one way to discourage hasty action, and this very discussion should also help, assuming those future editors look at the talk page first. (There are probably cultural reasons underlying - the same reasons why "Ordnung" is not easily translated into English. :-) ) Stan 21:11, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

This article has been renamed as the result of a move request. violet/riga (t) 18:34, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)

old old orthography!

 * -) There were the pre-1902 spellings Lauithor and Hohthürli! -- j. 'mach' wust ˈtʰɔ̝ːk͡x 08:59, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Illustrated table?
Hello. I created a little chart for use in Canton Berne to try to resolve some of the picture-clutter problems they've been having over there, but it doesn't really work in that article. However, someone suggested using it in this article. I notice you already have a chart that is very similar; but mine is illustrated. I could easily update it with the more comprehensive information from the existing chart in this article and put it in here; what do the editors over here think? The chart is currently in my sandbox. ~  ONUnicorn (Talk problem solving 17:36, 30 January 2007 (UTC)

Boundary description inconsistent
The article describes the boundary of the Bernese Alps thus:

 * The Rhône valley separates them from the Chablais Alps in the west and from the Pennine Alps in the south; the upper Rhône valley separate them from the Lepontine Alps in the south-east; the Grimsel Pass and the Aar valley separates them from the Urner Alps in the east; their northern edge is not so well defined, describing a line roughly from Lake Geneva to Lake Lucerne.

The last two boundaries do not make sense. If the eastern boundary is defined by the Grimsel Pass and the Aar valley, then the northern boundary cannot get anywhere near Lake Lucerne, which is well to the east of the nearest approach of the Aar/Grimsel line.

I've also noticed that the Brienzer Rothorn is listed amongst the peaks of the Bernese Alps. Surely the above definition (and the map on the page) would put it firmly in the Urner Alps. I'm confused; can somebody help?. -- chris_j_wood (talk) 12:10, 23 May 2014 (UTC)

 * It's complicated. Personally I think it is more accurate to reserve the term "Uri Alps" for the two mountain groups Dammastock-Titlis (here in the middle of the map) with the Brünig Pass as the northwestern limit, and the Reuss as the eastern limit. For the range between Lake Thun and Lake Lucerne (only west of the Brünig), with the Brienzer Rothorn and Mount Pilatus, I'd use the term "Emmental Alps" because of the Emmental valley right in the middle of it. I started the page last year and you'll find a map in the German version (a bit old but sourced at least, unlike the map in this article). ZachG (Talk) 15:11, 23 May 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on Bernese Alps. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070802013024/http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17485 to http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=17485

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 16:04, 31 October 2016 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bernese Alps


text:
Julius Zeyer

Julius Zeyer (26 April 1841 – 29 January 1901) was a Czech prose writer, poet, and playwright.

Personal life
Zeyer was born on 26 April 1841 in Prague. His mother, Elisabeth Eleonora (née Weisseles), came from a German Jewish-turned-Catholic family, and his father, Jan Zeyer, was a carpenter and timber merchant with relations to French (Alsatian) nobility. He was taught to speak Czech by his nanny. Growing up, he was expected to take over the family's factory but decided to study carpentering instead. All of his attempts at graduation from high school or university were unsuccessful. He spent a significant portion of his life travelling across Europe and the East. In around 1877, he moved to Vodňany, where he spent over a decade focusing on his literary work. His last years were spent living in Prague.

Works
Zeyer's prose and poems convey a sense of restlessness, nostalgia, mysticism, and gloominess, and generally feature tragic endings. He combined European and Eastern mythologies with themes particular to Czech society and history, and, similarly to the Decadents, often employed a blend of religious and erotic imagery. He was associated with the "Lumír" school, a circle of writers grouped around a magazine of the same name who were influenced by western-European, primarily French, literary currents.

Zeyer's epics, Vyšehrad (1880) and Karolinská epopej (1896), among others, draw from Czech and French legends respectively, and put bygone glory in contrast with Zeyer's bleak present times. He was inspired by Czech, Russian, Irish, and French history, as well as Scandinavian myths. His novels generally follow characters seeking to realize their romanticized ideas of life, many of who only find peace in death. His semi-autobiographical novel Jan Maria Plojhar (1891) deals with the tragic nature of being an artist. His collection of three short stories, “Tři legendy o krucifixu” (1895), builds upon the story of Christ's crucifixion and explores themes of Czech Nationalism and the value of art. The first story, “Inultus”, explores the idea of an artist driven mad by her work. It follows an Italian sculptor as she attempts to create a realistic depiction of the crucifixion, eventually murdering her model, the titular character, in a fit of creative insanity.

Plot-wise, Zeyer's dramatic works follow a similar pattern.

Josef Suk composed his Pohádka based on Zeyer's play Radúz and Mahulena. Leoš Janáček used his theater play about a Czech mythical heroine Šárka as a libretto for his opera.

title: Julius Zeyer


text:
Umaro

Umaro is a Guinea-Bissau given name.

 * Umaro Sissoco Embaló (born 1972), 6th president of Guinea-Bissau
 * Umaro Embaló (born 2001), Portuguese footballer
 * Umaro, character in Final Fantasy VI

title: Umaro


text:
User talk:Nicolae.Butan

Nicolae T. Butan
Nicolae T. Butan was born in 1977 in Bucharest, Romania. He followed the American School in Bucharest which, in 1985, he was obliged to abandon by the communistic regime ruling at that time in Romania. Nicolae was forced to pursue the common Romanian school.

After the Revolution in 1989, Nicolae enrolled at the so-called English Bilingual High school in Bucharest, George Cosbuc. At the time he chose Cosbuc, both Nicolae and his parents were informed that the school had really high standards, and was strongly supported by the British and American Embassy. Things proved to be worse than expected. During high school years Nicolae found himself to be a part of the typical Romanian education system: all kind of taxes, more or less legal, were being asked for, if the parents wanted to see their child promoting the year. It has really been a fashion to ask a high school student to undergo private preparatory classes with various teachers ("meditatii") which he /she, his/her parents paid for, if the student wanted to be promoted.

title: User talk:Nicolae.Butan


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Dyestat

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. Golbez 06:32, Jun 18, 2005 (UTC)

Dyestat
Advertisement. freestylefrappe 18:24, Jun 12, 2005 (UTC)

Delete. freestylefrappe 18:24, Jun 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete advertising. JamesBurns 04:38, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Dyestat


text:
Nikolay Kasatkin

Nikolay Alekseyevich Kasatkin (Russian: Никола́й Алексе́евич Каса́ткин; 13 December 1859, Moscow – 17 December 1930, Moscow) was a Russian painter; considered to be one of the founders of Social Realism in Russia.

Biography
His father was an engraver and lithographer. From 1873 to 1883 he studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture with Vasily Perov and Illarion Pryanishnikov. Upon graduating, he received a medal for his painting "Beggars at the Church Door".

In 1891, he began exhibiting with the Peredvizhniki and, from 1894 to 1917, was a teacher at his alma mater. For thirty years, beginning in 1883, he worked with Ivan Sytin, providing illustrations for his popular almanac/calendars and teaching lithography. He also contributed to Великая реформа (The Great Reform), an encyclopedia that celebrated the fiftieth anniversary of the Emancipation, and a collection called "Russian History in Pictures".

In 1903, he became a member of the Imperial Academy of Arts. He participated in the Exposition Universelle (1900), where he won a silver medal, and the Louisiana Purchase Exposition (1904), among others. The following year he produced a series of works inspired by the Revolution of 1905.

After the October Revolution, his school was closed and later incorporated into "Svomas" as the "Second Free Art Studio". He continued teaching, however, for the Department of Education of the Sokolniki District Council. In 1923, following the Civil War, he was named the first "People's Artist of the Republic" and became a member of the AKhRR (Association of Artists).

In 1924, he went to England to document the lives of the proletariat there. Two years later, he created portraits for the "Museum of the Revolution" (since 1998, the "Central State Museum of Contemporary History"). He is considered to be one of the forerunners of Socialist Realism in the arts and was sometimes called the "Gorky of Painters".

He died suddenly while giving a presentation of his latest painting at the above Museum. In 1956, the Soviet Union honored him with a 40 kopeck commemorative postage stamp. In 1971, his painting of a female mine worker was featured on a 6 kopeck stamp as part of a series of works by Soviet artists. A street in Moscow has been named after him.

title: Nikolay Kasatkin


text:
Thomas Natural Shorthand

Thomas Natural Shorthand is an English shorthand system created by Charles A. Thomas which was first published in 1935. Thomas described his system as "designed to meet the existing need for a simple, legible shorthand that is based on already familiar writing lines, and that is written with a minimum number of rules." The system has fallen into disuse with the decline of pen shorthand in the later 20th century, but the spirit of the system lives on in Teeline shorthand, with which it shares a number of characteristics (although the symbols used in each system are quite different).

Characteristics

Like Gregg shorthand, and unlike the older Pitman shorthand, Thomas Natural Shorthand is a "light-line system", i.e. a system which does not employ shading (light and heavy strokes) to distinguish symbols. Unlike earlier light-line systems such as Pernin phonography (which was based on the Duployan system), cursive rather than angular strokes are employed. However, Thomas Natural differs from Gregg and resembles Pitman in its use of positional writing—vowels are deduced according to whether a form is written on, above, or below the line of writing.

The system aims to be simpler to learn than competing symbol shorthand systems of the time, boasting "only twelve word signs and one abbreviating principle". Total mastery of the system could therefore be achieved much quicker than the major court-reporting systems, and although this simplicity did come with a loss of speed, the speeds achieved were still adequate for secretarial use.

The system's failure to achieve popularity came from its "jack-of-all-trades, master-of-none" position. Those looking for an easy to learn system were far more likely to choose alphabetic systems such as Forkner shorthand or Speedwriting; those interested in developing serious shorthand speed were drawn to more established systems with a court reporting track record such as Gregg or Pitman. To the untrained eye, Thomas Natural shorthand bears a close resemblance to Gregg shorthand (despite being unrelated); it was necessary to actually undertake a study of the system to learn how much simpler it really was than Gregg.

Comparison with Teeline
Teeline shorthand shares largely the same philosophy and approach as Thomas Natural Shorthand; it is however more accessible to beginners since the symbols used are themselves based on the Latin alphabet (although so abstractly that most would consider Teeline a symbol, rather than alphabetic, system). The Thomas Natural symbols, on the other hand, were chosen for speed rather than familiarity. Furthermore, Thomas Natural was published in the 1930s-1940s, at a time when alphabetic systems were just beginning their ascendency, whereas in the contemporary era in which Teeline is being promoted, the limitations of the alphabetic systems have made them less attractive than formerly, when their potential seemed greater.

title: Thomas Natural Shorthand


text:
User talk:Angel4eva

Hi, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions to the coolest online encyclopedia I know of =). I sure hope you stick around; we're always in need of more people to create new articles and improve the ones we already have.  You'll probably find it easiest to start with a tutorial of how the wikipedia works, and you can test stuff for yourself in the sandbox.  When you're contributing, you'll probably find the manual of style to be helpful, and you'll also want to remember a couple important guidelines.  First, write from a neutral point of view, second, be bold in editing pages, and third, use wikiquette.  Those are probably the most important ones, and you can take a look at some others at the policies and guidelines page. You might also be interested in how to write a great article and possibly adding some images to your articles.

Be sure to get involved in the community – you can contact me at my talk page if you have any questions, and you can check out the village pump, where lots of wikipedians hang out and discuss things. If you're looking for something to do, check out the community portal. And whenever you ask a question or post something on a talk page, be sure to sign your name by typing ~~~~.

Again, welcome! It's great to have you. Happy editing! --Spangineer (háblame)  18:25, Jun 12, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Angel4eva


text: User talk:64.170.194.31

title: User talk:64.170.194.31


text:
User talk:Defragged

Hi, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions to the coolest online encyclopedia I know of =). I sure hope you stick around; we're always in need of more people to create new articles and improve the ones we already have.  You'll probably find it easiest to start with a tutorial of how the wikipedia works, and you can test stuff for yourself in the sandbox.  When you're contributing, you'll probably find the manual of style to be helpful, and you'll also want to remember a couple important guidelines.  First, write from a neutral point of view, second, be bold in editing pages, and third, use wikiquette.  Those are probably the most important ones, and you can take a look at some others at the policies and guidelines page. You might also be interested in how to write a great article and possibly adding some images to your articles.

Be sure to get involved in the community – you can contact me at my talk page if you have any questions, and you can check out the village pump, where lots of wikipedians hang out and discuss things. If you're looking for something to do, check out the community portal. And whenever you ask a question or post something on a talk page, be sure to sign your name by typing ~~~~.

Again, welcome! It's great to have you. Happy editing! --Spangineer (háblame)  18:29, Jun 12, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Defragged


text:
Bandwing

Bandwings, or band-winged grasshoppers, are the subfamily Oedipodinae of grasshoppers classified under the family Acrididae. They have a worldwide distribution and were originally elevated to full family status as the Oedipodidae. Many species primarily inhabit xeric weedy fields, and some are considered to be important locusts:
 * Locusta migratoria: the migratory locust
 * Chortoicetes terminifera: the Australian plague locust
 * Locustana pardalina the brown locust

These grasshoppers often have colorful hindwings that may be yellow or red and edged with black. Others have black hindwings with pale edges, and a few species (including the most economically important ones) have clear hindwings. The arolium is extremely small or absent.

Defense
When bandwings feel safe, they appear drab. When they feel threatened, they leap out to reveal bold and bright colors. Some predators might even mistake the blue-winged grasshopper for a butterfly. But when the predator looks for the grasshopper, it is hiding in the grass. Bandwings continue this process if the predator tries to attack them.

Tribes and genera
The Orthoptera Species File lists the following:

Tribe Acrotylini
Auth. Shumakov 1963; distribution: Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia
 * 1) Acrotylus Fieber, 1853
 * 2) Pusana Uvarov, 1940

Tribe Anconiini
Auth. Otte, 1995; distribution: N. America (monotypic)
 * 1) Anconia Scudder, 1876

Tribe Arphiini
Auth. Otte, 1995; distribution: N. America
 * 1) Arphia Stål, 1873
 * 2) Lactista Saussure, 1884 (synonym Rehnita )
 * 3) Leuronotina Hebard, 1932
 * 4) Tomonotus Saussure, 1861

Tribe Bryodemini
Auth. Bei-Bienko 1930; distribution: mostly central Asia
 * 1) Andrea Mishchenko, 1989
 * 2) Angaracris Bei-Bienko, 1930
 * 3) Bryodema Fieber, 1853
 * 4) Bryodemacris Benediktov, 1998
 * 5) Bryodemella Yin, 1982 (Eastern Europe and temperate Asia)
 * 6) Compsorhipis Saussure, 1889
 * 7) Uvaroviola Bei-Bienko, 1930

Tribe Chortophagini
Auth. Otte, 1984; distribution: N. America
 * 1) Chimarocephala Scudder, 1875
 * 2) Chortophaga Saussure, 1884
 * 3) Encoptolophus Scudder, 1875
 * 4) Nebulatettix Gómez, Lightfoot & Miller, 2012
 * 5) Shotwellia Gurney, 1940

Tribe Epacromiini
Auth. Brunner von Wattenwyl 1893; distribution: Africa, Europe, Asia through to New Caledonia
 * 1) Aiolopus Fieber, 1853
 * 2) Demirsoyus Sirin & Çiplak, 2004
 * 3) Epacromius Uvarov, 1942
 * 4) Heteropternis Stål, 1873
 * 5) Hilethera Uvarov, 1923
 * 6) Jasomenia Bolívar, 1914
 * 7) Paracinema Fischer, 1853
 * 8) Parahilethera Zheng & Ren, 2007
 * 9) Platypygius Uvarov, 1942

Tribe Hippiscini
Auth. Otte, 1984; distribution: Americas
 * Agymnastus Scudder, 1897
 * Camnula Stål, 1873
 * Cratypedes Scudder, 1876
 * Hadrotettix Scudder, 1876
 * Heliastus Saussure, 1884
 * Hippiscus Saussure, 1861 (monotypic)
 * Leprus Saussure, 1861
 * Pardalophora Saussure, 1884
 * Sticthippus Scudder, 1892
 * Xanthippus Saussure, 1884

Tribe Locustini
Auth. Kirby, 1825; distribution: Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia
 * subtribe Locustina Kirby, 1825
 * 1) Locusta Linnaeus, 1758 (monotypic)
 * 2) Oedaleus Fieber, 1853
 * 3) Psophus Fieber, 1853 - monotypic Psophus stridulus
 * subtribe undetermined
 * 1) Brunnerella Saussure, 1888
 * 2) Chifanicus Benediktov, 2001
 * 3) Gastrimargus Saussure, 1884
 * 4) Grammoscapha Uvarov, 1942
 * 5) Locustana Uvarov, 1921
 * 6) Pternoscirta Saussure, 1884
 * 7) Ptetica Saussure, 1884
 * 8) Pycnodictya Stål, 1873
 * 9) Pyrgodera Fischer von Waldheim, 1846
 * 10) Scintharista Saussure, 1884

Tribe Macherocerini
Auth. Otte, 1995; distribution: N. America (monotypic)
 * 1) Machaerocera Saussure, 1859

Tribe Oedipodini
Auth. Walker, 1871; distribution: N. Africa, Europe, Asia
 * 1) Celes Saussure, 1884
 * 2) Mioscirtus Saussure, 1888
 * 3) Ochyracris Zheng, 1991
 * 4) Oedipoda Latreille, 1829
 * 5) Oedipodacris Willemse, 1932

Tribe Parapleurini
Auth. Brunner von Wattenwyl 1893 (synonym Parapleuri); distribution: N. America, Europe, Asia
 * 1) Ceracris Walker, 1870
 * 2) Ceracrisoides Liu, 1985
 * 3) Formosacris Willemse, 1951
 * 4) Mecostethus Fieber, 1852
 * 5) Parapleurodes Ramme, 1941
 * 6) Stethophyma Fischer, 1853
 * 7) Yiacris Zheng & Chen, 1993

Tribe Psinidiini
Auth. Otte, 1984; distribution: N. America
 * Derotmema Scudder, 1876
 * Hippopedon Saussure, 1861 (synonym Platylactista )
 * Mestobregma Scudder, 1876
 * Metator McNeill, 1901
 * Psinidia Stål, 1873
 * Trachyrhachys Scudder, 1876
 * Trepidulus McNeill, 1901

Tribe Sphingonotini
Auth. Johnston, 1956; distribution: worldwide, esp. Africa, Europe, Asia
 * 1) Conipoda Saussure, 1884
 * 2) Cophotylus Krauss, 1902
 * 3) Eusphingoderus Bei-Bienko, 1950
 * 4) Eusphingonotus Bey-Bienko, 1950
 * 5) Heliopteryx Uvarov, 1914
 * 6) Helioscirtus Saussure, 1884
 * 7) Hyalorrhipis Saussure, 1884
 * 8) Microtes Scudder, 1900
 * 9) Phaeonotus Popov, 1951
 * 10) Pseudoceles Bolívar, 1899
 * 11) Quadriverticis Zheng, 1999
 * 12) Sphingoderus Bei-Bienko, 1950
 * 13) Sphingonotus Fieber, 1852 - type species: Sphingonotus caerulans
 * 14) Tetramerotropis Saussure, 1888
 * 15) Thalpomena Saussure, 1884
 * 16) Vosseleriana Uvarov, 1924

Tribe Trilophidiini
Auth. Shumakov 1963; distribution: Africa, Asia (monotypic tribe)
 * 1) Trilophidia Stål, 1873

Tribe Trimerotropini
Auth. Blatchley, 1920; distribution: Americas
 * 1) Circotettix Scudder, 1876
 * 2) Conozoa Saussure, 1884
 * 3) Dissosteira Scudder, 1876
 * 4) Spharagemon Scudder, 1875
 * 5) Trimerotropis Stål, 1873

Tribe Tropidolophini
Auth. Otte, 1995; distribution: N. America (monotypic tribe)
 * 1) Tropidolophus Thomas, 1873 - monotypic Tropidolophus formosus

Genera incertae sedis

 * Angaracrisoides Gong & Zheng, 2003
 * Asphingoderus Bei-Bienko, 1950
 * Atympanum Yin, 1982
 * Aulocaroides Werner, 1913
 * Aurilobulus Yin, 1979
 * Austroicetes Uvarov, 1925
 * Brancsikellus Berg, 1899
 * Chloebora Saussure, 1884
 * Chondronotulus Uvarov, 1956
 * Chortoicetes Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893
 * Crinita Dirsh, 1949
 * Cyanicaudata Yin, 1979
 * Diraneura Scudder, 1897
 * Dittopternis Saussure, 1884
 * Elmisia Dirsh, 1949
 * Eokingdonella Yin, 1984
 * Eremoscopus Bei-Bienko, 1951
 * Eurysternacris Chopard, 1947
 * Fitzgeraldia Uvarov, 1952
 * Flatovertex Zheng, 1981
 * Granada Koçak & Kemal, 2008
 * Homoeopternis Uvarov, 1953
 * Humbe Bolívar, 1882
 * Jinabia Uvarov, 1952
 * Kinshaties Zheng, 1977
 * Leptopternis Saussure, 1884
 * Mecistopteryx Saussure, 1888
 * Morphacris Walker, 1870
 * Nepalacris Balderson & Yin, 1987
 * Oreacris Bolívar, 1911
 * Promesosternus Yin, 1982
 * Pseudaiolopus Hollis, 1967
 * Pycnocrania Uvarov, 1941
 * Pycnodella Descamps, 1965
 * Pycnodictya Stål, 1873
 * Pycnostictus Saussure, 1884
 * Qualetta Sjöstedt, 1921
 * Rashidia Uvarov, 1933
 * Tibetacris Chen, 1964
 * Tmetonota Saussure, 1884
 * Zimbabwea Miller, 1949
 * †Mioedipoda Stidham & Stidham, 2000
 * †Nymphacrida Zhang, Sun & Zhang, 1994
 * †Oedemastopoda Zhang, Sun & Zhang, 1994

The genus Cibolacris was originally placed in Oedipodinae, and later moved to Gomphocerinae. The genus Stethophyma is traditionally included in Oedipodinae, but North American authors in particular sometimes place it in the Gomphocerinae or Acridinae. Some authors place all members of Oedipodinae within the subfamily Acridinae, and there has been much confusion and debate about the limits and relationships of the two subfamilies.

title: Bandwing


text:
Talk:History of Scandinavia

Nordic Bronze Age
I'd rewrite this sentence if I could figure out what the heck it's trying to say exactly. This needs someone's attention:

 * A thousand years later, the numerous East Germanic tribes that claimed Scandinavian origins (Burgundians, Goths and Heruls), as did the Lombards, rendered Scandinavia (Scandza) the name "womb of nations" in Jordanes' Getica.

--Kbh3rdtalk 23:27, 12 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:History of Scandinavia


text:
Vinyl acetate

Vinyl acetate is an organic compound with the formula CH3CO2CH=CH2. This colorless liquid is the precursor to polyvinyl acetate, ethene-vinyl acetate copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol, and other important industrial polymers.

Production
The worldwide production capacity of vinyl acetate was estimated at 6,969,000 tonnes/year in 2007, with most capacity concentrated in the United States (1,585,000 all in Texas), China (1,261,000), Japan (725,000) and Taiwan (650,000). The average list price for 2008 was US$1600/tonne. Celanese is the largest producer (ca 25% of the worldwide capacity), while other significant producers include China Petrochemical Corporation (7%), Chang Chun Group (6%), and LyondellBasell (5%).

It is a key ingredient in furniture glue.

Preparation
Vinyl acetate is the acetate ester of vinyl alcohol. Since vinyl alcohol is highly unstable (with respect to acetaldehyde), the preparation of vinyl acetate is more complex than the synthesis of other acetate esters.

The major industrial route involves the reaction of ethylene and acetic acid with oxygen in the presence of a palladium catalyst.

This method has replaced the addition of acetic acid to acetylene. The main side reaction is the combustion of organic precursors.

Mechanism
Isotope labeling and kinetics experiments suggest that the mechanism involves PdCH2CH2OAc-containing intermediates. Beta-hydride elimination would generate vinyl acetate and a palladium hydride, which would be oxidized to give hydroxide.

Alternative routes
Vinyl acetate was once mainly prepared by hydroesterification, i.e., the addition of acetic acid to acetylene in the presence of metal catalysts. Using mercury(II) catalysts, vinyl acetate was first prepared by Fritz Klatte in 1912. Presently, zinc acetate is used as the catalyst:
 * CH3CO2H + C2H2  ->  CH3CO2CHCH2

Approximately 1/3 of the world's production relies on this route, which, because it is environmentally messy, is mainly practiced in countries with relaxed environmental regulations, such as China.

Another route to vinyl acetate involves thermal decomposition of ethylidene diacetate:
 * (CH3CO2)2CHCH3 ->  CH3CO2CHCH2  +  CH3CO2H

Polymerization
It can be polymerized to give polyvinyl acetate (PVAc). With other monomers it can be used to prepare various copolymers such as ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), vinyl acetate-acrylic acid (VA/AA), polyvinyl chloride acetate (PVCA), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (Vp/Va copolymer, used in hair gels). Due to the instability of the radical, attempts to control the polymerization by most "living/controlled" radical processes have proved problematic. However, RAFT (or more specifically, MADIX) polymerization offers a convenient method of controlling the synthesis of PVA by the addition of a xanthate or a dithiocarbamate chain transfer agent.

Other reactions
Vinyl acetate is useful in organic synthesis. Transacetylation is used to obtain enantioenriched alcohols and esters. Iridium-catalyzed transacetylation have also been demonstrated:
 * ROH + CH2=CHOAc → ROCH=CH2 + HOAc

Transvinylation is also possible using vinyl acetate. It undergoes Diels-Alder reactions with dienes.

Vinyl acetate undergoes many of the reactions anticipated for an alkene and an ester. Bromine adds to give the dibromide. Hydrogen halides add to give 1-haloethyl acetates, which cannot be generated by other methods because of the non-availability of the corresponding halo-alcohols. Acetic acid adds in the presence of palladium catalysts to give ethylidene diacetate, CH3CH(OAc)2. It undergoes transesterification with a variety of carboxylic acids. The alkene also undergoes Diels–Alder and 2+2 cycloadditions.

Toxicity evaluation
Tests suggest that vinyl acetate has low toxicity. Oral for rats is 2920 mg/kg.

On January 31, 2009, the Government of Canada's final assessment concluded that exposure to vinyl acetate is not harmful to human health. This decision under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) was based on new information received during the public comment period, as well as more recent information from the risk assessment conducted by the European Union.

In the context of large-scale release into the environment, it is classified as an extremely hazardous substance in the United States as defined in Section 302 of the U.S. Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (42 U.S.C. 11002), under which it "does not meet toxicity criteria[,] but because of its acute lethality, high production volume [or] known risk is considered a chemical of concern". By this law, it is subject to strict reporting requirements by facilities that produce, store, or use it in quantities greater than 1000 pounds.

title: Vinyl acetate


text: User talk:68.77.7.246

title: User talk:68.77.7.246


text:
Mount Antero

Mount Antero is the highest summit of the southern Sawatch Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The prominent 4351.4 m fourteener is located in San Isabel National Forest, 19.6 km southwest by south (bearing 208°) of the Town of Buena Vista in Chaffee County, Colorado, United States. The mountain is named in honor of Chief Antero of the Uintah band of the Ute people.

Mountain
Mount Antero is prized for its gemstone deposits and has one of the highest concentrations of aquamarine in the country. There are several active private mining claims being exploited on Mount Antero and surrounding peaks.

The peak is located due south of the more visually prominent Mount Princeton. Mount Antero is one of the most prominent peaks of the Sawatch Range, rising an impressive 7,200 feet above the town of Salida, Colorado to the southeast. There are two popular climbing routes on Mount Antero. The generally accepted hiking route is from the east starting at the Browns Creek Trailhead and paralleling Little Browns Creek to its upper reaches where it crosses Forest Road 1A, then following the road near to the summit. The other route, which begins near the ghost town of St. Elmo, follows the same forest road from the north up Baldwin Creek. This route has heavy mining and tourist traffic in fair weather during the summer months.

The peak was surveyed by the Pike Expedition in 1806. A forest service sign at the Browns Creek trailhead commemorates the expedition camp at the eastern base of the peak.

On July 20, 2018, 5-time World mountain running Champion Joseph Gray ran the fastest known time (FKT) up Mount Antero from the bottom of FS road 277 to the top of Mount Antero in 1:23:10.

Historical names

 * Antero Peak
 * Mount Antero

title: Mount Antero


text:
1929 in Norwegian football

Results from Norwegian football in 1929.

Hovedserien
Promoted: Fram (Larvik), Selbak, Storm, Strong and Strømsgodset.

Best placed club from each of the five local association leagues 1929 promoted.

Class A of local association leagues
Class A of local association leagues (kretsserier) is the predecessor of a national league competition.

 * 1In the following season, Søndmøre local association changed name to Sunnmøre.
 * 2In the following season, Romsdalske local association changed name to Nordmøre og Romsdal.

National team
Sources:

title: 1929 in Norwegian football


text:
Talk:Roch Thériault

Difference with Sevnt-day adventist church.
I've seen here that some seem to think Thériault make the Seventh-day Adventists look bad. I want to make it clear that to the vast majority of people know very well that Thériault's teachings were not the ones of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. We just consider him a effed-up maniac that could have sprung up from any religion. 173.35.38.115 (talk) 04:16, 24 May 2010 (UTC)

Movie
he is a sicko ive seen the movie. and actually thought it was alright, for a horror film of that extent, but when i found out it was based on true events i looked it up and found out ALOT more was true than i expected and that the movie was actually alot calmer than the realness of the whole tragedy. that man is sick. and im glad hes in prison. i hope his followers realize the horror of the whole thing and leave him, i know some of them are still following, which is sad, but you cant change someones beliefs.

--T. Anthony wrote the following on 05:56, 30 August 2005 (UTC): Indeed, one of the creepiest cases I've read of. I saw a bit of Savage Messiah but didn't know what it was about. I think I figured it was a horror film and I don't like horror films. In a way I guess I was correct about it being a horror film, if one based on reality.

I don't understand. The page says that he was active between 1977 and 1989, but the movie was made in 1972. How is that possible? Wopr 00:40, 30 October 2006 (UTC)

 * The TV movie was made in 2002. The 1972 theatrical movie of the same name is completely unrelated. I've edited the text. -Will Beback 06:29, 30 October 2006 (UTC)

Accuracy dispute
This Roch Theriault's biography have exactly the same lacks than the supposed biographical movie on him, which focus only on the period he lived in Ontario, which represent a very small and negligible fraction of his life. Canadian's Quebec-bashing is alive and well, and apparently they now even appropriate our crackpots.

Roch Theriault grew up as most Quebecers in a rigid catholic environment. He founded a clinic to stop smoking in the 1960s in Beauce region, Quebec. During the flower power movement, he gather a band of followers which he brought in a commune in 1972 at St. Jogues, near Percé, in the Gaspe Peninsula, Quebec. Most of what is happening in the movie occured at that commune betwwen 1972 to early-1980s.

I remember seeing him on CBGAT-TV Matane, a local Gaspe area television, by the end of the 1970s when he became locally known by being show as a kind of sympatic guru, and one day we could saw him around 1978-1979 on local news predicting the end of the world caused by "rain of ice blocks as tall as automobiles".

Interested by that original figure, media brought interest on the sect/commune, which end up to discover the horror of the sect, which flee to Ontario to escape public knowledge by the end of the 1980s.

A serious cleaning is needed here to have an accurate knowledge of him. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Joatamon (talk • contribs) 17:00, 11 October 2007 (UTC)

 * Can you suggest some sources that cover this part of the subject's life? Can you add what they say? If so, go for it. ·:· Will Beback  ·:· 18:55, 31 December 2007 (UTC)
 * It's true that the Ant Hill Kids were based in Quebec until relocating to Ontario later. (They came around in West Island Montreal selling firewood at some point. I remember the business card.) Hopefully better sources will surface with Roch Thériault's death. AndroidCat (talk) 14:27, 28 February 2011 (UTC)

There is a significant difference between an article being inaccurate and it being incomplete. I've removed the accuracy dispute reference from this article because the statements contained within appear to be properly sourced as per Wikipedia Guidelines. If a person is concerned about the completeness of the article, or that it omits periods of the subjects life, I would submit that it does not make the article inaccurate and that anyone is free to contribute to the article to make it more complete. Stoick (talk) 16:11, 7 May 2011 (UTC)

Not a good person
I can't believe you are all convinced this man is good. He and his commune were just a dirt and sneaky as the movie depicts, if not worse. This man should never have been granted parole. I can't believe this article is disputed. Ridiculous. I grew up there, I know the kids. It was all true. He controlled all of them. The wives would literally go to the hospital in Lindsay and I quote an employee of the RMH "steal anything that wasn't tied down." Moses, yeah right. If you believe this man was at all well, you're just as weak willed as his "wives." —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.231.30.17 (talk) 03:33, 19 October 2010 (UTC)

I'm not so certain anyone here suggested he was a good person. Perhaps some viewers should reread a few lines of text. If anyone got lost between " Roch Theriault grew up as most Quebecers in a rigid catholic environment." and "Canadian's Quebec-bashing is alive and well, and apparently they now even appropriate our crackpots." and assumed that meant that someone was defending this amazing piece of work (Roch, not the article), perhaps some details were missed. Perhaps I missed something? I think the whole point here is the story is brief and lacks much vivid detail offered in stories of such folks as Charles Manson, even to the extent that I'm sure some people wonder what type of surgery was being alluded to. The bit about the resurrection attempt was well clear enough for my liking, though. As far as comparing his beliefs to the mainstream '7dA' principles, I'm not so sure there's a point comparing the beliefs of an individual who has been described as a loon with the core beliefs of an entire religious faction, unless someone is simply here to bash a specific school of thought. Mayhap polygamy is some theoretical "gateway practice" to torture, murder, molestation et cetera: the same way cannabis "produces violent behavior"? Reference "Why Marijuana is Illegal" from Answers.com for more on that. --shiny666 75.23.65.53 (talk) 02:50, 23 October 2010 (UTC)

And he's dead.
I've added a few brief details about his death, but kept them vague as the investigation isn't finished yet. If someone knows how, the "recently dead" tag should be added to the article.Observer31 (talk) 03:37, 28 February 2011 (UTC)

I'm building a list of references here so that they can worked in as a group rather than jamming them in one by one. Some have background that could be useful in settling the accuracy dispute. Feel free to add to them. AndroidCat (talk) 05:07, 2 March 2011 (UTC)

 * FYI: the {recent death} template is only used for articles that attract enormous attention and a hundred edits following the death of a celebrity or major public figure.    Will Beback    talk    05:31, 2 March 2011 (UTC)

Inaccuracies pointed out by my father who was in jail with Theriault when he was killed, how to best go about correcting and citing him?
Like it says, my father was in prison with him at the time of his murder and even witnessed a portion of it. His account of things isn't published, but he did point out a couple of mistakes in the article, if I were to edit the mistake based on his telling how would I cite? Would a link to a public record of his incarceration at the same prison during the same time as Theriault suffice? 108.162.155.206 (talk) 22:45, 15 May 2013 (UTC)crazymanraymond@gmail.com

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Roch Thériault. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110302012701/http://www.capacadie.com/actualites-regionales/2011/2/26/roch-moise-theriault-tue to http://www.capacadie.com/actualites-regionales/2011/2/26/roch-moise-theriault-tue

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 01:43, 20 December 2017 (UTC)

Requesting Picture of Theriault please
Requesting Picture of Theriault please William duvall (talk) 00:56, 31 August 2018 (UTC)

SDA Church
The cult leader’s beliefs were not based on the Seventh Day Adventist church. That sentence should be removed as it is insulting and slander against Adventists. He was a member of the SDA for a short period of time and was kicked out. None of his cult behavior is reflective of Adventist doctrine. 72.83.238.97 (talk) 17:48, 5 March 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Roch Thériault


text:
Talk:Mount Antero

Photo in infobox
An anonymous editor has claimed that the photo in the infobox was actually of Mount Princeton. I can't tell for sure just by looking and comparing (cursorily) to photos in the references. So to be safe I took out the photo (Mountantero.JPG) for now. Can we get a solid confirmation one way or the other? Thanks -- Spireguy (talk) 02:20, 13 April 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 2 external links on Mount Antero. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20111107192300/http://peakery.com/Mount-Antero/ to http://peakery.com/Mount-Antero/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110715024923/http://www.overthetopjeeps.com/tours-antero-rocks.html/ to http://www.overthetopjeeps.com/tours-antero-rocks.html/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 04:55, 22 May 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mount Antero


text:
Justice Party (Kosovo)

The Justice Party (Partia e Drejtësisë) is a centre-right conservative political party in Kosovo.

In the 2004 parliamentary election, the party won 1.0% of the popular vote and 1 out of 120 seats.

The party participated in the 2010 parliamentary election in a coalition with the New Kosovo Alliance. After the resignation of Behgjet Pacolli, the party had 3 out of 120 seats.

The Justice Party, like all other Kosovo Albanian parties, supports Kosovo independence and does not participate in any election or referendum organised by the Serbian government.

Ideology
The Justice Party follows a centre-right conservative platform as well as advocating a more liberal stance towards the economy. The party tends to attract religious conservatives in Kosovo (mainly Muslims) and has for example campaigned for a mosque to be built in Pristina to house the growing number of practising Muslims there. Although it is allied to the liberal New Kosovo Alliance it continues to follow a conservative platform and the religious-conservative faction in the party continues to grow.

The party has been noted for breaking away from Kosovo's traditionally secular society advocating for a ban on headscarves in schools in Kosovo to be overturned and for religion (on all major world beliefs) to be introduced and taught in schools.

The party has followed the Turkish moderate Islamist party Justice and Development Party (AKP), adopting several more liberal policies in economic terms and a more liberal interpretation of Islam citing to style it around AKP and the Turkish model of Democracy.

title: Justice Party (Kosovo)


text:
Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo

The Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo (, Partia Demokratike Turke e Kosovës) is a political party in Kosovo that represents the Turkish minority. It is led by Mahir Yağcılar, the Minister of Environment and Spatial Planning in the Thaçi-led government.

It was founded as Turkish Democratic Union (Türk Demokratik Birliği) on 19 July 1990 in Prizren and changed its name to the Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo on 20 June 2001 under UNMIK. The party's seat is in Prizren and has Mamuša as a stronghold.

At the 2004 legislative elections, the Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo won 1.2% of the popular vote and 3 out of 120 seats. At the 2007 elections, the party kept its 3 seats in the Assembly of Kosovo, one being from the main list of candidates (Mahir Yağcılar) and two being seats reserved for the Turkish minority (Enis Kervan, Müfera Şinik).

title: Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo


text:
National Movement for the Liberation of Kosovo

The National Movement for the Liberation of Kosovo (Lëvizja Kombëtare për Çlirimin e Kosovës, LKÇK) was a radical left-wing nationalist political movement in Kosovo during the 90s, as well as a political party after the Kosovo war.

History
The party was founded as an underground movement on 25 May 1993 in Pristina by a faction of the dissident Marxist-Leninist organization People's Movement of Kosovo (LPK), the founding base of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) guerilla movement. It would derive its name from one of the main core marxist organizations that formed LPK, National-Liberation Movement of Kosovo and other Albanian Regions (Lëvizja Nacional-Çlirimtare e Kosovës dhe të Viseve tjetra Shqiptare në Jugosllavi, LNÇKVSHJ), founded in February 1978 by Metush Krasniqi, Jusuf Gërvalla and Sabri Novosella. Just like LPK, the LKCK faction advocated the concept of Natural Albania and military action against the Milošević administration, but contrary to the pacifist policies of the dominant Democratic League of Kosovo (LDK) and what it perceived as similar tendencies to moderation inside the LPK. After imprisonment of Avni Klinaku by Yugoslavian authorities, Bahri Fazliu would take charge as the leader. Fazliu would join Kosovo Liberation Army during the war and fall on May 7, 1998, somewhere in the former border between Albania and Yugoslavian Federation. He would later receive the title "Hero of Kosovo" ("Hero i Kosovës").

Political Party
The LKCK was initially part of the Alliance for the Future of Kosovo, despite the latter's centre-right political position. At the legislative elections held on 24 October 2004, the party boycotted the elections. As one of the most radical political organizations in Kosovo, the party opposed the Ahtisaari plan and the current presence of the United Nations and European Union in the region, advocating total independence for Kosovo. The party, together with a number of its former leaders, is blacklisted by the U.S. Department of Treasury.

Aftermath
LKCK would later transform into Movement for Integration and Unification, (Lëvizja për Integrim dhe Bashkim, LIB), with Smajl Latifi as a leader followed by Fadil Fazliu after his resignation, and Movement for Unification (Lëvizja për Bashkim, LB) of Avni Klinaku, until in May 2011 when two parties merged in one, going on with the Movement for Unification name.