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Desperately Seeking Susan

Desperately Seeking Susan is a 1985 American comedy-drama film directed by Susan Seidelman and starring Rosanna Arquette, Aidan Quinn and Madonna. Set in New York City, the plot involves the interaction between two women – a bored housewife and a bohemian drifter – linked by various messages in the personals section of a newspaper. The film was Madonna's first major screen role and also provided early roles for a number of other well-known performers, such as John Turturro, Giancarlo Esposito, Laurie Metcalf and Steven Wright.

The screenplay was written by Leora Barish, and is said to have been given an uncredited rewrite by Craig Bolotin. Desperately Seeking Susan was a commercial success and ended as the 31st highest grossing film of the year grossing $27.3 million in the United States. The film received predominantly positive reviews, and both Arquette and Madonna's acting were critically acclaimed.

Desperately Seeking Susan is noted for its impact on 1980s fashion, especially among the young female audience at that time. The movie's costumery was influenced in part by Madonna's own early style. The film was also noted as a representation of yuppie culture and feminism. Some critics labeled Desperately Seeking Susan as one of the best US films of the year, including Vincent Canby from The New York Times, and eventually, of the decade by publications such as NME and Rolling Stone. Many others have labeled it a cult classic of the 1980s. In 2023, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

Plot
Roberta Glass, an unfulfilled housewife from Fort Lee, New Jersey, is fascinated by the messages between lovers Susan Thomas and Jim Dandy in the personals section of a NYC tabloid. Jim's ad for Susan, with the headline "Desperately Seeking Susan" particularly draws her attention, which proposes a rendezvous in Battery Park.

Meanwhile, in an Atlantic City hotel, the itinerant Susan reads the section after a tryst with mobster Bruce Meeker. She steals a pair of ornate Egyptian earrings from his coat before departing. The sinister Wayne Nolan notices Susan's embellished tuxedo jacket as she leaves.

Arriving in NYC, Susan dons one of the earrings and stashes the other in her suitcase in a Port Authority locker. She asks to stay with her friend Crystal, a magician's assistant at the Magic Club, and learns that Meeker was killed at the hotel.

Hoping to spot the lovers, Roberta goes to Battery Park and sees Jim reunite with Susan before leaving with his band for Buffalo. Later, she follows Susan to a vintage store and watches her trade in her jacket before losing sight of her.

Roberta buys the jacket and finds Susan's locker key in its pocket. She posts another "Desperately Seeking Susan" column to meet with Susan and return the key. Meanwhile, Jim becomes concerned about the column and Susan's connection to Meeker's death. He asks his best friend Dez to check on her.

Waiting for Susan at Battery Park and wearing her jacket, Roberta is accosted by Nolan, who mistakes her for Susan as she's blonde and wearing the distinctive jacket. Susan spots Roberta, but can't reach her as police detain her for not paying her taxi fare.

Dez arrives on a moped and rescues Roberta, who falls and hits her head, causing her to lose her memory and her bag. He believes she is Susan and finds the locker key, taking her to the Port Authority to collect Susan's suitcase. There, Roberta finds the other earring, and Dez offers the couch at his apartment for one night. When they arrive they interrupt Dez's old girlfriend, Victoria, and her new partner taking most of the apartment items, leaving him with practically nothing, including no couch.

Believing she is Susan, Roberta retraces Susan's steps with Nolan following. She and Dez attempt to have breakfast at a diner where the jacket she is wearing gets her recognized as Susan. She and Dez are physically ejected from the diner, but Nolan picks up a postcard for the Magic Club she drops. Roberta eventually arrives at the Magic Club, narrowly missing Susan who has been released from jail and discovered her suitcase is gone.

Roberta is then hired as Crystal's replacement. After her disastrous first performance, Nolan attacks her, demanding the earrings. He manages to escape as the police arrive. Roberta hits her head again, so she regains her memory. Unfortunately, she's mistaken for a prostitute and arrested.

Meanwhile, Roberta's husband Gary who is revealed to be in the midst of a casual affair, searches for her. He finds his way to the vintage store and is given Susan's number. She believes that Roberta and Dez are connected to Meeker's death and want to frame her.

Susan arranges to meet Gary at a dance club and accompanies him home, where they get high. Roberta calls from jail, but hangs up when Susan and Gary answer. After calling Dez to bail her out, they discover his apartment has been ransacked by Nolan. Roberta and Dez end up sleeping together, with Dez believing he's sleeping with his best friend's girl.

At Gary's house, Susan sees a television report about Meeker and Nolan stealing the earrings, which once belonged to Nefertiti. She realizes the truth about Roberta from her diary and posts a column to meet her at the Magic Club.

Dez attacks an intruder in his apartment who turns out to be Jim. He confesses to his relationship with "Susan" as Roberta slips away. She reads the column, as do Jim and Dez. They arrive at the Magic Club along with Gary, his sister Leslie, and Nolan.

During her act, Roberta recognizes Nolan, who escapes backstage. Dez leaves as Roberta tries to explain the events of her disappearance to Gary, finally voicing her unhappiness and ending their marriage. Nolan threatens Susan at gunpoint, but is knocked out by Roberta. Then, Roberta and Susan finally meet each other for the first time.

Later, Roberta finds Dez in his projection booth at the movie theater where he works. She introduces herself properly, and they kiss as Jim and Susan watch the movie below. In the closing frames, Roberta and Susan are celebrated as heroes in the newspaper, credited with returning the stolen earrings.

Cast
Seidelman employed a wide range of artists in small appearances, including comedian Rockets Redglare as a taxi driver; former member of the Shirts Annie Golden as a band singer; performance artist Ann Magnuson as a cigarette girl; musician and painter John Lurie as the neighbor saxophonist; La Mama and Living Theatre member Shirley Stoler as a jail matron; Ambitious Lovers member Arto Lindsay as the newspaper clerk who places the "seeking" ads; Ensemble Studio Theater founder Curt Dempster as coffee shop manager, Nick; and future Seinfeld-writer Carol Leifer as a party guest. Other notable appearances include actors Richard Edson as a man with newspapers, Victor Argo as Sgt. Taskal, Kim Chan as a park bum, and Michael Badalucco as a guy from Brooklyn. Triplets Eddy, David and Robert make an uncredited cameo as themselves.

Production
Orion chairman Mike Medavoy initially campaigned for Barbra Streisand to play the title role. The filmmakers initially wanted Diane Keaton and Goldie Hawn to play Roberta and Susan, but the director decided to cast newcomers Arquette and Madonna instead and the studio wanted the movie to have younger actors in order to appeal to younger filmgoers. Bruce Willis was up for the role of Dez and Melanie Griffith was up for the role of Susan. Madonna obtained the role over Ellen Barkin and Jennifer Jason Leigh. Suzanne Vega also auditioned for the role. The Statue of Liberty can be seen in the movie when it was still covered in scaffolding during its two-year renovation. Costume designer Santo Loquasto designed Susan's distinctive jacket (supposedly first worn by Jimi Hendrix), basis of the plot of mistaken identity.

The movie was inspired in part by the movie Céline et Julie vont en bateau (Céline and Julie Go Boating) (1974). It also has an alternate ending included on the DVD, in which Susan and Roberta are invited to Egypt after helping return the earrings. They are depicted next to the pyramids on camels. Seidelman cut this scene, saying that it was unnecessary and audiences at the test screenings thought the film should have already ended much earlier (as explained on the DVD). The science fiction film The Time Travelers (1964) is playing in scenes 6 and 23 (melts at the movie's ending). All the scenes featuring Dez working as a projectionist were filmed at Bleecker Street Cinema. The scene with Roberta and Gary in their kitchen shows Roberta watching Alfred Hitchcock's Rebecca (1940). The interior and exterior shots of The Magic Club were filmed at the Audubon Ballroom in Washington Heights. Some scenes were filmed at Danceteria, a club that Madonna frequented and which gave her a start in the music business. Separated-at-birth triplets Robert Shafran, Eddy Galland and David Kellman have a cameo role, reportedly at Madonna's personal invitation.

Soundtrack

The soundtrack, composed by Thomas Newman, was released on both vinyl and CD together with the soundtrack to another Seidelman film, Making Mr. Right. The soundtrack does not feature any of the other songs in the film. The film captures the feel of the underground Bohemian/new wave scene of the early to mid-1980s New York City, a scene that helped Madonna get her big break in the music business.

Madonna recorded a song for the movie, titled "Desperately Seeking Susan". It ended up not being used in the film, and a demo she had just finished, "Into the Groove", was used instead. Only the demo version can be heard in the movie. The song was a huge commercial success. In some territories, it was included on a 1985 reissue of Like a Virgin, but in the United States it was only released as a double A-side 12″ single with "Angel". The song's music video consists of clips from the film, edited by Doug Dowdle of Parallax Productions.

Box office
The film was released on March 29, 1985 in the United States, and grossed $1,526,098 in its first weekend. It was a commercial success of its time, making $27,398,584 in the United States. The film was released on September 6, 1985 in the United Kingdom, and grossed £1,175,133 in its first weekend. Its total gross in the United Kingdom was £2,331,907. It also became the most successful Orion Pictures film in Europe at that point.

Critical reception
Desperately Seeking Susan garnered mostly critical acclaim from film critics. On Metacritic it has a score of 71% based on reviews from 16 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".

Both Rosanna Arquette and Madonna received generally critical acclaim for their portrayal of Roberta and Susan respectively. In Costume and Cinema (2001), professor of film studies, Sarah Street estimated it as arguably "Madonna's best film performance" further explaining that clothes had an important role. In similar remarks, film critics such as James Monaco deemed it "Madonna's best role", playing a character "loosely based on herself". In her review for The New Yorker, critic Pauline Kael referred to Madonna as "an indolent, trampy goddess." Roger Ebert of The Chicago Sun-Times gave the film three stars out of a possible four, saying it was essentially a screwball comedy, which "bopped around New York, introducing us to unforgettable characters".

Accolades
Arquette won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for her portrayal of Roberta and achieved a nomination for Best Actress in a Comedy or Musical in the Golden Globes. The movie won the Most Riveting Film at the Record Mirror Readers Poll in 1985. Some critics labeled Desperately Seeking Susan one of the best US films of the year, and eventually, the decade. The New York Times film critic Vincent Canby from The New York Times include it among the 10 best films of 1985, while the New York Post called "the most entertaining new movie of the year". In 2022, Rolling Stone ranked the film among their 100 Greatest Movies of the 1980s, calling it "a classic of its particular era". In 2011, NME also ranked the film as one of the 25 Greatest '80s Movies. Time Out ranked it as one of the 100 Best Feminist Films of All Time in 2022.

Home media
Less than five months after its theatrical release, on July 1985 media outlets started to announce the home video release by Thorn EMI/HBO Video to be scheduled in late August of that year. It was released on VHS, HiFi, and Beta at a retail price for $79.95.

Commercially, the film debuted at number 9 on Billboard's Top Videocassettes sales and peaked at number 5 on the issue dated November 2, 1985. In the video rental charts, the film debuted at number 7 and climbed to the first-position on the issued dated September 28, 1985. It also debuted and peaked at number 10 in the Billboard's videodisc charts on March 8, 1986. The release ended at the 35-position in the Top Videocassettes Sales and the 29-position in the Top Videocassettes Rentals of 1985.

In January 1986, the film was certified Gold by the International Tape/Disc Association, denoting 75,000 copies or sales totaling $3 million at retail. It also earned a Platinum certification in the United States by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). As of 1992, Desperately Seeking Susan sold 150,000 home videos in the US according to The Hollywood Reporter.

Legacy

Upon release, the film developed cult status in some audiences, with Hadley Freeman from The Guardian referring to the movie as a "80s cult classic". It also impacted the fashion of teenage girls, and scholars in film studies, including Sarah Street had used the film as an example of connections between fashion and cinema industries. Tracey Lomrantz Lester from Glamour slightly referred to the movie as one of the best fashion films of the era, while Derek Blasberg picked it as his favorite film that best embodied the 1980s fashion. Movie's costume designer, Santo Loquasto reportedly sought inspiration for Susan's wardrobe in Madonna's own closet. In 2019, Laird Borrelli-Persson from Vogue stated, "fashion's so corporate these days, Desperately Seeking Susan reminds us that clothing is a personal signifier of identity connected to place and time." The style influenced other figures at some stage, like South African performer PJ Powers. In 2014, the jacket worn by Madonna with a pyramid at its center, fetched $252,000 in an auction.

Writing for Washington Post in 1985, Paul Attanasio considered the film as "the first big yuppie movie of the '80s", and further explains that yuppies are "the first generation to grow up exclusively on mass-marketed culture". In 2017, Ben Reardon from Vice commented: "Desperately Seeking Susan defined the times and withstands performance after performance, and has been referenced, riffed on and re-rubbed by every designer and wannabe star till Doomsday." Kirk Ellis, from The Hollywood Reporter, said the movie "could well usher in a whole new subgenre: New Wave screwball comedy". The movie also has been noted as a "cult feminist classic". In 2022, Garin Pirnia from Mental Floss considered the film "still packs a powerful feminist punch". He also said, at the time, and even somewhat by today's standards Desperately Seeking Susan "was revolutionary in that it featured two female leads and was written, produced, and directed by women".

Madonna's popularity caused the film to be perceived as a "Madonna movie" by critics, a label that even Rosanna Arquette followed. Although Madonna was not billed as the lead actress, her character became a "film's pivotal plot point", contributing "significantly to its film success". Author Alicia Malone and The Guardian's Arwa Mahdawi, also said film director Susan Seidelman is probably best known for this film. With Mahdawi saying "You couldn't have a film season about New York in the 70s and 80s without including Seidelman's work". Associate professor Diane Pecknold in American Icons (2006) believes the film produced a new idiomatic phrase considering the newspapers headlines with the phrase Desperately Seeking [...]. In 2023, the Library of Congress deemed the film "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" and selected it for preservation in the National Film Registry.

Stage musical
The film was developed into a stage musical that premiered at London's Novello Theatre on November 15, 2007, following previews from October 16, 2007. It features music and lyrics by Blondie and Deborah Harry, including a new song written especially for the show. The production was directed by Angus Jackson, with book and concept by Peter Michael Marino and sets and costumes by Tim Hatley. Produced by Susan Gallin, Ron Kastner, Mark Rubinstein and Old Vic productions, the musical starred Emma Williams as Susan, Kelly Price as Roberta, and Steven Houghton as Alex. Marino presented his solo comedy Desperately Seeking the Exit, which is based on his experiences, at the 2012 Edinburgh Festival Fringe.

title: Desperately Seeking Susan


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Talk:Righteous armies

More background?
The article could use some coverage of uibyeong activities during the Japanese and Manchurian invasions of middle Joseon. I believe that is when the term "uibyeong" first emerged, at least in its modern Korean meaning. Anyone want to take a crack at it? -- Visviva 08:35, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Article needs to be improved
I will try to improve the article with my current knowledge but we need someone who is better versed in this part of Korean History other Resistance Armies need to be added an Armies and order of battles needs to be improved as well. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Easternknight (talk • contribs) 22:42, 28 December 2006 (UTC).

April 2019
I edited out the claim that Britain supported Japan's colonisation of Korea and the assertion that Britain supplied weapons to the occupying force -- see here for more evidence that Britain did not play such a role :

''Britain was unwilling to protect Japanese interests in Korea and likewise the Japanese were unwilling to support Britain in India. Hayashi and Lord Lansdowne began their discussions in July 1901, and disputes over Korea and India delayed them until November. At this point, Hirobumi Itō requested a delay in negotiations in order to attempt a reconciliation with Russia. He was mostly unsuccessful, and Britain expressed concerns over duplicity on Japan's part...''

The High Contracting parties, having mutually recognised the independence of China and Korea, declare themselves to be entirely uninfluenced by aggressive tendencies in either country, having in view, however, their special interests, of which those of Great Britain relate principally to China, whilst Japan, in addition to the interests which she possesses in China, is interested in a peculiar degree, politically as well as commercially and industrially in Korea, the High Contracting parties recognise that it will be admissible for either of them to take such measures as may be indispensable in order to safeguard those interests if threatened either by the aggressive action of any other Power, or by disturbances arising in China or Korea, and necessitating the intervention of either of the High Contracting parties for the protection of the lives and properties of its subjects.

''The treaty laid out an acknowledgement of Japanese interests in Korea without obligating Britain to help should a Russo-Japanese conflict arise on this account. Japan was not obligated to defend British interests in India. ''

My comment -- Britain softened its stance against Japan in 1905, but even then, they did not actively support Japan -- and the Treaty with Japan was all over by 1919.

Suggesting Britain backed the invasion and supplied the weaponry to occupy and control is a weak, unsubstantiated claim --

See the links here -- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglo-Japanese_Alliance#Demise_of_the_treaty — Preceding unsigned comment added by 220.83.217.56 (talk) 07:08, 11 April 2019 (UTC)

Plural title
Hi, the title is currently "Righteous army", but I think it should be plural.

Reasoning: While under WP:PLURAL, most article titles are generally singular, I think the various righteous armies are clearly a class of things. It's also immediately clearer that the scope covers multiple armies instead of just one toobigtokale (talk) 11:45, 1 September 2023 (UTC)

Requested move 1 September 2023

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

Righteous army → Righteous armies – Per WP:PLURAL, I think the various righteous armies are a class of things. It's also immediately clearer that the scope covers multiple armies instead of just one. I myself was confused about which army this would be about until I read the lead. toobigtokale (talk) 11:47, 1 September 2023 (UTC) — Relisting.  The Night Watch     (talk)   13:57, 8 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Oppose per WP:SINGULAR. I don't think the exception to titles being rendered in the singular form as a "class of things". Rreagan007 (talk) 19:16, 8 September 2023 (UTC)
 * I don't quite understand due to grammar; could you rephrase? toobigtokale (talk) 20:10, 8 September 2023 (UTC)
 * If I had to guess at what your point means (plural should be classes of things, not a single class), I disagree.
 * The examples given in WP:PLURAL support my argument, and it's an acceptable standard.
 * Articles on groups of distinct entities that are nevertheless often considered together (preceded almost invariably by the word "the"), such as the Florida Keys, the Americas, or the Rivers of New Zealand.
 * Things like Maxwell's equations, Legendre polynomials, Chebyshev polynomials, [the] Cauchy–Riemann equations, etc
 * The first bullet clearly applies here. The second bullet shows that a single class of things can be plural ("Maxwell's equations" is a single set, not multiple sets). toobigtokale (talk) 22:56, 9 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Examples of other similar articles using plural (varying quality, I know examples alone don't imply a standard, but they can be used as supporting evidence)
 * Presidency armies
 * List of Soviet armies
 * Green armies
 * Hellenistic armies
 * Armies of the Imperial Japanese Army
 * Army groups of the National Revolutionary Army
 * Neo-Confederates
 * International sanctions during the Russian invasion of Ukraine
 * You can see in several of these uses they're clearly a singular class of things. toobigtokale (talk) 23:01, 9 September 2023 (UTC)
 * @Rreagan007 Response? toobigtokale (talk) 23:09, 12 September 2023 (UTC)
 * @Rreagan007 Response? toobigtokale (talk) 23:09, 12 September 2023 (UTC)

 * Comment: @Paine Ellsworth Earlier today, I disambiguated this article for the sake of clarity, but seem to have accidentally stepped on some toes. I apologize for that. My impression was that this RfC discussion was about whether to change this article name from the singular to the plural. Disambiguating it from other uses of those terms, I thought, was irrelevant to that.
 * This article's hatnote led me to find three more notable uses of the term "righteous army" during the Boshin War, Russo-Japanese War, and in the hostilities prior to the Second Sino-Japanese War. There are semantic differences between the Chinese characters used for the Korean righteous armies (義兵) and the eponymously translated Japanese/Japanese-affiliated militias (義軍) that are very challenging to differentiate in English. Because of that, the name of this article ought to be revised with a disambiguator whatever the outcome of this RfC discussion's question. —CurryTime7-24 (talk) 21:09, 14 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Sorry that had to be done, editor . There is some controversy when an article is renamed to any title while a formal move request is still open. Your new page has been dabified at Righteous army (disambiguation), so nothing is lost. In cases like this, undiscussed page moves should be minimized, and since "Righteous army" is now the base name for this article's subject, this article is considered to be the WP:PRIMARYTOPIC for its subject. To move this page to a qualified Righteous army (Korea) will require a fresh move request at some point after this one has been closed.  P.I. Ellsworth  , ed.  put'er there 21:32, 14 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Note: WikiProject Korea has been notified of this discussion. UtherSRG (talk) 15:59, 19 September 2023 (UTC)
 * Note: WikiProject Military history has been notified of this discussion. UtherSRG (talk) 16:00, 19 September 2023 (UTC)

The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
 * Support. From a quick perusal of the article, it seems that the righteous armies were loose, grassroots forces that organized at various times on an ad-hoc basis; consequently, I think the plural title best conveys these nuances (whereas a singular title might give the impression of a specific individual army, or an organized force with consistent activities). I also agree with the nominator's argument that the righteous armies are "a group or class of specific things" as outlined by WP:PLURAL. ModernDayTrilobite (talk • contribs) 16:31, 20 September 2023 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Righteous armies


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Brendan Smyth (politician)

Brendan Michael Smyth (born 27 July 1959) is an Australian former politician, who was a member of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly representing the electorate of Brindabella for the Liberal Party from 1998 until 2016. From 2002 to 2006 Smyth was the ACT Leader of the Opposition and served briefly as the Deputy Chief Minister during 2000 and 2001. He has held the ACT portfolios Urban Services, Business, Tourism and the Arts, and Police and Emergency Services.

Prior to his election to the ACT Legislative Assembly he served briefly as the Member for Canberra in the Australian House of Representatives, also representing the Liberals.

Career
Smyth was born in Sydney and moved to Canberra in May 1969. He worked at the National Library of Australia until 1995 when, representing the Liberal Party, he contested the 1995 by-election for the House of Representatives seat of Canberra. Normally a safe Labor seat, its previous member Ros Kelly had left under a cloud, having been forced to resign her ministry a year earlier over the sports rorts affair, and Smyth received a 16.1% swing to claim the seat.

At the Australian federal election on 2 March 1996, Smyth contested the new federal House of Representatives seat of Namadgi, essentially the southern portion of his old seat, even though it had been drawn with a notional Labor majority of 10.9 percent. He was defeated by Labor's Annette Ellis. , he is the last non-Labor member to represent an ACT-based seat.

He subsequently shifted to territory politics, winning election to the Legislative Assembly in the 1998 election representing the Tuggeranong-based multimember electorate of Brindabella. He was the Opposition Leader for the ACT Liberal Party in the 2004 ACT elections, but lost the election.

Smyth resigned from the ACT Legislative Assembly on 15 July 2016, to take up a newly created government position as Commissioner for International Engagement for the ACT. The ensuing casual vacancy was filled by conducting a countback of votes at the 2012 ACT election.

title: Brendan Smyth (politician)


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Dzūkian dialect

Dzūkian dialect (dzūkų tarmė), known in academic works as Southern Aukštaitian dialect (pietų aukštaičių patarmė), is one of the three main sub-dialects of the Aukštaitian dialect of Lithuanian language. Dzūkian dialect is spoken in Dzūkija, southern Lithuania. Its most distinctive feature is replacing t, d before i, į, y, ie and č, dž with c and dz (cik) instead of (tik – just, (dzidumas instead of didumas – size, pyn instead of pinti – to braid, sveciai instead of svečiai – guests). Another notable feature is the lengthening of vowels in closed syllables ending in sonorants, for example: tìltas (bridge) becomes tyltas, bùlvė (potato) - būlvė, or pìrmas (first) - pyrmas. Since the region borders Slavic lands, the dialect has many Slavic loanwords and barbarisms.

title: Dzūkian dialect


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Acacio Gabriel Viegas

Acacio Gabriel Viegas (1 April 1856—February 21, 1933) was a Goan medical practitioner who was credited with the discovery of the outbreak of bubonic plague in Bombay, in 1896. His timely discovery helped save many lives in the city and was credited with the inoculation of 18,000 residents. He was also the president of the Bombay Municipal Corporation.

Early life
Acacio Viegas was born on 1 April 1856 in Arpora, Goa. After the completion of his primary education, he joined St Xavier's High School, Bombay, where he completed his matriculation in 1874 with a distinction. He then enrolled in the Grant Medical College, securing a First Class at the L.M. & S. degree examination held in 1880. Viegas then set up practice at Mandvi in the south Bombay area.

As president
Not satisfied with serving the public only through medicine, he successfully contested the civic election from 1888 until 1907. In 1906 he became the President of the Municipal Corporation, enjoying the distinction of being the first native Christian to do so.

He was an active member of the Standing Committee and the Improvement Trust. He then focused his attention to improving the living conditions of the city's poor and down-trodden. He also tried to minimise the increases of public utility costs. As president, Viegas promoted medical relief and introduced compulsory free education.

Viegas was also a member of the Bombay University Syndicate, and was the pioneer of the Faculty of Scientific Technology. He also introduced Portuguese into the syllabus and supported the creation of special colleges for women. He was also an examiner in Medicine at the degree level and Foundation-Fellow of the College of Physicians and Surgeons.

Plague
In 1896, a mysterious disease hit the city in the Nowroji Hill slums. The disease spread rapidly affecting many city residents and became an epidemic. Those in the medical field were puzzled by this disease which saw a mass exodus from the city. The city's commerce was badly hit, and the flourishing textile industry was grounded.

Viegas correctly diagnosed the disease as bubonic plague and tended to patients at great personal risk. He then launched a vociferous campaign to clean up slums and exterminate rats, the carriers of the plague.

To confirm Viegas' findings, four teams of independent experts were brought in. With his diagnosis proving to be correct, the Governor of Bombay invited W M Haffkine, who had earlier formulated a vaccine for cholera, do the same for the epidemic. Haffkine's vaccine saved thousands of lives with Viegas personally inoculating around eighteen thousand residents.

After his death in 1933, a life-size statue of him was erected in the Cowasji Jehangir Hall opposite Metro Cinema on his birth centenary in 1956, by the Governor of Bombay Presidency, Harekrushna Mahtab, as a tribute to the services rendered to the city. A street in the Dhobitalao area is also named after him.

title: Acacio Gabriel Viegas


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Talk:Korean painting

Damjing
There is NO surviving evidence that Damjing made the wall painting in Horyu-ji, but a fantasy. See the article on him. In addition to it, the original Horyu-ji was burned around 670, and the surviving one today is reconstruftion after 670. Today the painting was considered to be done between the end of 7th century to early 8th.--Kechrite (talk) 06:45, 31 October 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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"Kim ki chung" listed at Redirects for discussion
A discussion is taking place to address the redirect Kim ki chung. The discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2021 January 9 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. signed,Rosguill talk 17:10, 9 January 2021 (UTC)

Lists
Hi, instead of trying to list painters/artists on this article, please do that more on List of Korean painters or similar articles. Just give like a few notable examples in a non-list format on this article. toobigtokale (talk) 01:43, 15 August 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Korean painting


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Mike Parker Pearson

Michael Parker Pearson, (born 26 June 1957) is an English archaeologist specialising in the study of the Neolithic British Isles, Madagascar and the archaeology of death and burial. A professor at the UCL Institute of Archaeology, he previously worked for 25 years as a professor at the University of Sheffield in England, and was the director of the Stonehenge Riverside Project. A prolific author, he has also written a variety of books on the subject.

A media personality, Parker Pearson has appeared several times in the Channel 4 show Time Team in particular in one looking at the excavation of Durrington Walls in Wiltshire. He also appeared in the National Geographic Channel documentary Stonehenge Decoded, along with the PBS programme Nova: Secrets of Stonehenge.

Early life and education
Parker Pearson was born in 1957. He would later inform interviewers that he first took an interest in the past when searching for fossils in his father's driveway gravel aged 4, extending that interest into the human past aged 6 when he read a library book entitled Fun with Archaeology. Deciding to study the subject at the undergraduate level, he attended the University of Southampton, attaining a first class BA with honours in Archaeology in 1979.

He obtained his PhD from King's College, Cambridge in 1985, for a thesis titled "Death, society and social change: the Iron Age of southern Jutland 200 BC – 600 AD" in which he discussed what was known about the bog bodies of Iron Age Denmark; it would remain unpublished. Supervised by Ian Hodder as a post-graduate at Cambridge, Parker Pearson was a contemporary of Sheena Crawford, Daniel Miller, Henrietta Moore, Christopher Tilley and Alice Welbourn; these students were influenced by Hodder's ideas, then a pioneering part of the post-processualist current within archaeological theory.

Parker Pearson became interested in Marxism. In the 1984 anthology Ideology, Power and Prehistory, edited by Daniel Miller and Christopher Tilley, Parker Pearson published a paper in which he examined the pre-state societies of Jutland from a Marxist perspective. At the start of this paper, he noted that it had repercussions for Marxism in that its findings discerned "a certain blurring between capitalism and non-capitalism".

Early career
From 1984 through to 1990, Parker Pearson worked as an Inspector of Monuments for English Heritage, and in 1989 he received membership to the Institute for Archaeologists. In 1990, he secured an academic teaching position at the Department of Archaeology at the University of Sheffield, where he would work for the next 21 years. In 1991 he was admitted as a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London, and in 1996 then became a Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.

Stonehenge Riverside Project and UCL
From 2003 through to 2009, Parker Pearson directed the Stonehenge Riverside Project. The project garnered three major archaeological awards: the Andante Travel Archaeology Award (2008), the Royal Society of Northern Antiquaries Award (2009), and the UK Archaeological Research Project of the Year (2010). His work in leading the project also led to Parker Pearson being personally awarded the UK Archaeologist of the Year award in 2010.

Parker Pearson and his team of researchers played a key role in the discovery of a new henge site along the River Avon that links to Stonehenge. This new site was uncovered through excavation during the Stonehenge Riverside Project and was given the name "BlueStoneHenge" or "BlueHenge" because traces of bluestones were found during the excavation.

During 2017 and 2018, excavations by his UCL team led to a proposal that the site at Waun Mawn, in the Preseli Hills of Pembrokeshire, had originally housed a 110 m diameter stone circle of the same size as the ditch at Stonehenge The archaeologists also postulated that the circle also contained a hole from one stone which had a distinctive pentagonal shape, very closely matching the one pentagonal stone at Stonehenge (stone hole 91 at Waun Mawn and stone 62 at Stonehenge). Both circles appear, according to some researchers, to be oriented towards the midsummer solstice. and reported in New Scientist on 20 February 2021.

Other activities
From 2006 through to 2009, he served as the Vice-President of the Prehistoric Society. Interacting with various parts of the media, Parker Pearson has published articles in a variety of different sources, such as on the BBC website, has given interviews to groups such as Pagans for Archaeology and most recently discussed his career in an interview with Papers from the Institute of Archaeology.

In 2012, Parker Pearson left the University of Sheffield and began teaching at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London, as Professor of British Later Prehistory.

On 16 July 2015, he was elected a Fellow of the British Academy (FBA).

title: Mike Parker Pearson


text:
Richard Inwood

Richard Neil Inwood (4 March 1946 - 14 April 2019) was a Bishop suffragan of Bedford.

Inwood was born in Burton-on-Trent and studied chemistry at University College, Oxford and theology at the University of Nottingham. Before ordination, he spent a year teaching in north-west Uganda and worked as a research and development chemist with Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI) in Manchester for nearly two years. He served in Sheffield, London, Bath and Yeovil before his appointment in 1995 as Archdeacon of Halifax. He was consecrated a bishop by Rowan Williams, Archbishop of Canterbury at Southwark Cathedral on 7 March 2003.

From 9 April 2014 until 8 April 2015, he was Acting Bishop of Southwell and Nottingham at the request of the Archbishop of York. As acting bishop, Inwood attracted media attention in June 2014 for revoking the permission to officiate of a gay priest, Jeremy Pemberton, who had legally married his partner in spite of a pastoral statement issued by the church's bishops. In August 2014, Pemberton had an offer of work at Sherwood Forest Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust withdrawn following Inwood's refusal to grant the relevant licence.

Inwood was the co-author of Moved by Steam: Beside the tracks and on the trains 1962-67 with Mike Smith (Kettering, 2009 ISBN 978-1-85794-323-8). His wife, Liz, is a mathematics teacher and examiner.

Inwood died on 14 April 2019.

Styles

 * Richard Inwood Esq (1946–c1975)
 * The Revd Richard Inwood (c1975–1995)
 * The Ven Richard Inwood (1995–2003)
 * The Rt Revd Richard Inwood (2003–2019)

title: Richard Inwood


text:
Talk:Duyfken

earlier comments
Image request for the replica in Perth.--Commander Keane 11:20, 28 May 2006 (UTC)
 * Done. Nachoman-au 06:24, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

VOC data
Two ships appear in the archives of VOC that matches the timeline of beginning 1600.

--- Duifje - 1594 (1594 Duifje; 1598 Overijssel) Scheepstype: pinas In gebruik bij de VOC vanaf 1595 tot na 06/1602. Gebouwd op de werf te Amsterdam. laadvermogen: 50 ton bemanning: ca 20 koppen bewapening: 10 stukken

Beschrijving: De Duifje maakte deel uit van de vloot van vier schepen (Mauritius, Hollandia, Amsterdam en Duyfken) van de Compagnie van Verre, de zgn. Eerste Schipvaart, o.l.v. Cornelis de Houtman, die van 1595 tot 1597 de eerste reis naar Indië maakte. Het schip werd ook wel het "cleyne jacht" genoemd. De Amsterdam is in brand gestoken, maar de overige drie schepen keerden in Patria terug. De schipper van de Duifje was Simon Lambertsz. Mau. Bij aankomst na de eerste reis was het schip nog in goede staat. Als "Overijssel" nam zij deel aan de zgn. Tweede Schipvaart (van 1 mei 1598 tot 19/07/1599) van de Oude Compagnie en maakte daarna nog een reis.

Reisgegevens: reis vertrek op van naar aankomst op kamer schipper 1 02/04/1595 Texel Engano 06/061596 Simon Lambrechtsz. Mau via: Maio (Kaap Verde) van 26/04/1595 tot 27/04/1595 Mosselbaai van 04/08/1595 tot 11/08/1595 Ampalazabaai van 13/09/1595 tot 07/10/1595 S. Augustins Baai van 09/10/1595 tot 13/12/1595 Sainte Marie van 11/01/1596 tot 21/01/1596 Baai van Antongil van 23/01/1596 tot 23/01/1596 1 25/02/1597 Bali Texel 11/08/1597 Cornelis Adriaansz. 2 01/05/1598 Texel Bantam 26/11/1598 Simon Jansz. Hoen 2 12/01/1599 Bantam Texel 19/07/1599 Simon Jansz. Hoen via: St. Helena van 26/04/1599 tot 04/05/1599 3 21/12/1599 Texel Bantam 01/09/1600 Thijmen Michielsz. 3 09/09/1601 Bantam 06/1602  Thijmen Michielz.

And a later one:

Duifje - 1601 Scheepstype: jacht In gebruik bij de VOC vanaf 1601 tot 07/1608 (VERGAAN). laadvermogen: 50 ton bemanning: ca 15 koppen bewapening: 6 stukken

Beschrijving: Men neemt aan dat dit schip niet dezelfde is als de Duifken die gebouwd is in 1594. In Australië is in Fremantle een replica van dit schip gemaakt. Tijdens het VOC-herdenkingsjaar 2002 bracht dit schip een bezoek aan diverse havenplaatsen in Nederland.

De Duyfken maakte deel uit van de vloot van de Oude Compagnie, bestaande uit Gelderland, Zeelandia, Wachter, Duifken en Utrecht, o.l.v. Wolfert Harmensz, die op 23 april 1601 vertrok.

De moderne geschiedenis van Australië begon op 26 februari 1606, toen kapitein Willem Jansz. van de Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie met zijn schip Duyfken toevallig bij Cape York terecht kwam. Ook al noemde hij de plek 'keerweer', het feit dat hij hier voet aan wal zette - 164 jaar voor de reizen van de Engelsman James Cook - betekende voor Australië de allereerste ontmoeting met een Europees schip. De Duyfken was vanuit Banda (nu een Indonesisch eiland, 850 kilometer ten noorden van Darwin) naar het oosten gestuurd, om de zuidelijke kust van Nieuw-Guinea te verkennen. Maar zoals Columbus in 1492 in de veronderstelling verkeerde in India te zijn beland, zo dacht kapitein Jansz. dat het stuk land waar hij nu op gestuit was een deel moest zijn van de mysterieuze kust van Nieuw-Guinea. Boven de vroegst bekende kaart van een deel van Australië stond dan ook 'Nova Guinea'. Tegenwind had de Duyfken echter naar het zuiden gedreven. Wat Willem Jansz. in kaart bracht was ongetwijfeld de oostelijke kust van het Cape York schiereiland. Nadat Jansz. twintig bemanningsleden had verloren bij het eerste treffen tussen Europeanen en de Australische aboriginals, besloot hij onmiddelijk te vertrekken. Meer Nederlandse ontdekkingsreizen volgden, zowel langs de noord- als langs de westkust van Nieuw-Holland. Historisch onderzoek dat door en voor het Duyfken Replica Project is uitgevoerd bracht aan het licht dat de Duyfken, na haar ontdekking van Cape York in 1606, is teruggezeild naar Banda. De boot maakte daarna deel uit van een Nederlandse vloot die de Portugezen van de zuidelijke specerijen eilanden verdreef. In 1607 was de 'Duijfken' voor Ternate. De Duifje bleef na haar eerste uitreis voor de VOC in Indië. De Duyfken verging tenslotte in juli 1608.

Reisgegevens: reis vertrek op van naar aankomst op kamer schipper 1 23/04/1601 Texel Bantam 26/12/1601 Willem Kornelisz. Schouten 1 25/08/1602 Bantam Vlissingen 17/02/1603 Willem Cornelisz. Schouten Bij Kaap Agulhas raakte de Duifje de rest van de vloot (Gelderland en Zeelandia) kwijt en voer alleen naar Zeeland. 1 18/12/1603 Texel Bantam 11/12/1604 Amsterdam Willem Janszoon -- It looks like that the two ships are inter mixed in this page and need to be corrected with more conclusive information. Even the replica VOC Duyfken site www.duyfken.com is using a mix of these two ship, or is the VOC history database wrong? User:Scubafish (sig added)

 * I think that you may well be right, and there is some conflation of different ships in this article (and also perhaps in the quoted references, The Dutch VOC site and Duyfken replica site. Also, the mention of this also being the ship used by Willem Schouten when he rounded and named Cape Horn is at odds with other sources, which give the name of his vessel in this enterprise as the Eendracht. Could certainly use some further investigation.--cjllw | TALK  2005 July 8 09:03 (UTC)

I agree with you on all points, I would like to investigate further, but I'm based outside the Netherlands and dont have the "luxury" to go in to the archives in Holland and do a snoop around. User:Scubafish

Willem Schouten
I have removed the below sentence from the article, which states that this is the same ship Schouten used to round Cape Horn: Other references on Schouten give the Eendracht as the name of his ship in this enterprise. Authorative reference should be sought to ascertain which is so, and the passage can be restored if it so turns out. --cjllw | TALK  07:37, 2005 July 12 (UTC)
 * On its first voyage in 1601 to the Spice Islands under the command of Willem Schouten it discovered and named Cape Horn after the city of Hoorn.

As a postscript, it seems that the [Duyfken replica site has now modified its timeline of the original ship, and removed the erroneous reference to Willem Schouten.--[[User:CJLL Wright|cjllw]] | TALK  23:45, 2005 July 26 (UTC)

There were 2 ships confused on this page. These details are from the book Sent forth a dove (1999) ISBN 1 876268 24 7 (hardcover) or 25 5 (paperback):

Duyfken (1) - Yacht. 3 masts. 50-60 tons. Laid down May 1594, launched and fitted out c. end Feb 1595 at Uylenburg, Netherlands. Was on voyage in 1595 (?) with 3 other ships (Hollandia, Mauritius, Amsterdam), returned to Netherlands. Renamed Overijssel c. 1598.

Duyfken (2) - Yacht. 60 tons, 30 lasten (cargo space). Built around 1599-1600. Captain Willem Jansz (not sure when exactly). Was on voyage in 1601 with 4 other ships (Gelderland, Zeelandia, Utrecht, Wachter), and was in battle with them against Portuguese at Bantam Bay 27 Dec 1601. Was in another fleet in 1606 and sailed across to Australia that year. Damaged by undersea volcanic eruption 1 July 1608 and taken to Ternate, Indonesia for repairs but broken up there because of damage in around July 1608. SpookyMulder 10:03, 23 June 2006 (UTC)

Editors comments under See Also section
I removed these comments to this page as some of it it appeared on the main page... I have 'x' out the email address.

 * Ship replica (including a list of ship replicas)
 * 1.Please consider the following: the "national group" mentioned in this section, that is organising the Duyfken replica commemorative voyage, ( due to arrive in Sydney on 11 December) is Australia on the Map 1606-2006
 * Its website could be referred to under that notion of national group:
 * you will find it perticularly informative and worthwhile linking to. any questions xxxxxxxxx@yahoo.com,au
 * 2. VOC translated as Dutch East India Company may be quite common, but also quite wrong. East India Company suggests in English something focussing on the east of India. VOC stands for Vereenigde Oost-indische Compagnie.
 * This means litterally United East-indies Company or United East-indian Company ( because indische is an adjective) the company focussed on the East-indies, some 17th century notion of the wide area now known as Asia or the Far East. not just the east of India. So I suggest you use for VOC the (Netherlands based) United East-Indies Company. 'United' because about nine competing Dutch companies had merged into one in March 1602, to cut competition.
 * 12:08, 6 December 2006 User:203.129.63.134

 * Under "Duyfken Replica" It starts in the last para with : "In 2006..." This year is now over and the paragraph should be reviewed, updated. I suggest the following to replace it or information like it:
 * During 2006 more than 150 public events took place over all Australian States and territories that commemorated the 400 year jubilee of the original arrival of Duyfken and other vessels that followed her. It included a commemorative voyage along the Australian coast calling at 23 ports, lectures, conferences, exhibitions, official presentations, launches and unveilings of plaques and munuments and a blaze of publicity for these hithertoo obscure maritime historical events. Initiated by a community based organisation set up for the purpose (Australia on the Map 1606-2006, a nation-wide network) it inspired the abovementioned events, new specialist websites, a review of educational curriculi on the subject, publication of a long list of books and historical articles, a Royal visit by the Dutch Crown Prince and Princess and an official visit by the Dutch Premier to Australia and also a program of events in the Netherlands.

 * More information can be found on the last mentioned website below, which will be reviewed by July 2007 and the then still relevant information placed under another URL.
 * 01:51, 31 December 2006 User:203.129.49.138

SauliH 04:41, 31 December 2006 (UTC)

Stern—narrow or broad?
The image  (in Gulf of Carpenteria) shows an unusually broad stern. The other images show an unusually narrow stern. Sorry folks! Can't possibly be the same boat. Vagabond nanoda (talk) 02:15, 18 March 2021 (UTC)
 * That picture is an 1886 artist's impression, no scientific reconstruction. And the present replica is built on much guesswork too, I bet (although a number of details, like the high narrow stern, are known to be typical of the time). Drawings or the like are usually not preserved from that period. 151.177.57.31 (talk) 01:05, 3 April 2021 (UTC)
 * More than guesswork; see here. Betterkeks (talk) 01:20, 3 April 2021 (UTC)
 * Yes, that's what I meant. A number of general or generic details can be supposed and tried out, but some things you have to guess at, not the least of which is how closely your replica matches the original in every detail. 151.177.57.31 (talk) 02:14, 3 April 2021 (UTC)
 * There seems to have been a lot more care on the research into the design of the replica than one might think. See, for instance, some arguments on design features in . There you will also find links to the studies analysing relevant ship layouts and shapes in appropriate maritime art. This might give more confidence in what was actually built. ThoughtIdRetired TIR 20:33, 14 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Duyfken


text:
User talk:Timothyseanfang

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title: User talk:Timothyseanfang


text: User talk:212.219.117.197

title: User talk:212.219.117.197


text:
Talk:Ananda Marga

President
Ac Shradanandji is not the founder of the organisation. The text below his picture seems to suggest this. needs correction — Preceding unsigned comment added by Tapanvikas (talk • contribs) 08:44, 5 January 2014 (UTC)

Something is missing from the article
The article presents Ananda Marga as a peaceful, benevolent, and charitable organisation. Yet it lists three incidents (the Sydney Hilton bombing, the Bijon Setu massacre, and the Purulia arms drop case) which show that there has been powerful hostility towards Ananda Murga. It seems unlikely that this hostility is justified; but it exists, and it needs explaining. As the article is now, the reader is left with the impression that there is something fishy, there is information that has been concealed.

In the edit history, I found this:
 * Ananda Marga's history is not without controversy. From early on, Sarkar's criticism of the Hindu caste system, and active opposition to government corruption, both in the Congress Party, and in the Communist Party of West Bengal, earned him powerful enemies.

This seems like a fair and honest explanation of why a benevolent organisation has made enemies. I wonder why it was deleted. Maproom (talk) 07:16, 30 April 2014 (UTC)

 * After a web search, I have learned that Ananda Marga is not as peaceful as the article might lead you to think. Ignoring all the links to its own web sites, I found these:
 * link In December 1971, Sarkar was arrested along with several acaryas for abetting murder of six former disciples. He was released after the charges were withdrawn.
 * link Ananda Marga, a religious philosophy from India, is best known in Australia due to its alleged links to the deadly 1978 bombing of the Sydney Hilton hotel - the worst terrorist attack to take place on Australian soil. Another example of shoddy journalism and trial by association.
 * link In the past 20 years [1969-1989] three major events stand out significantly:
 * Anandamurti's 1971 arrest for murder.
 * The 1971 exit of Anandamurti's wife from the organization following a sexual scandal.
 * The Calcutta massacre of 17 Ananda Margiis in 1982(in which Ananda Marga Nuns and Monks were murdered, allegedly by Marxist radicals.
 * link There are several allegations against them concerning the murder of apostates.
 * link In March 1975, the members of the group were reportedly charged for trying to assassinate former Chief Justice of India A N Ray.
 * link The CBI on Friday told a court here that former Railways Minister L. N. Mishra was killed in 1975 by a grenade allegedly hurled by Anand Marg followers who believed he was preventing the release of their spiritual guru from judicial custody.
 * Maproom (talk) 20:34, 8 July 2014 (UTC)

All of which reinforces

Something is also missing about the corrupt indian government. 2A02:908:183:39F:B03F:D7D:AF19:5D7C (talk) 20:18, 20 April 2020 (UTC)

 * The corruption of the Indian government is not relevant to this article. W. Tell DCCXLVI converse | fings wot i hav dun 05:10, 30 April 2021 (UTC)

Brief History of Ananda Marga: https://groups.google.com/g/alt.magick.tantra/c/WlG8uMvohiU Wikifulness (talk) 16:09, 15 May 2021 (UTC)

http://www.metafuture.org/Articles/IntroductoryChapterfromthebookSituatingSarkar.htm Wikifulness (talk) 16:21, 15 May 2021 (UTC)

https://studylib.net/doc/18858495/living-with-baba Wikifulness (talk) 16:27, 15 May 2021 (UTC)

Images in the article
There are a couple of images that I would like to see replaced. One is regarding the Lalita Marmika Dance and the second is regarding the Tandava dance. The reason for replacing them is as follows:

Lalita Marmika: the picture is presenting lines of black icons from which it is rather impossible to extract the actual dance movement that has characteristics of graciousness and sweetness. Possible replacement is below:

Tandava: the picture is a statue with a kind of weird anatomic position which does not convey the idea of the balanced and energetic movement proper of the dance. Better image is below:

The images suggested come from internal websites of Ananda Marga where no copyright is shown. They were taken for the purpose of demonstration and Ananda Marga uses them without restrictions. In case of further reserve I will be able to replace the images with a selection taken by myself during an Ananda Marga retreat which I will be participating shortly.

--Prsnys (talk) 16:25, 21 March 2015 (UTC)
 * All of those links show show a "not found" message when I follow them. But more importantly, we can't use copyrighted images from other websites when free alternatives are available (see WP:NFCCP). Before you suggest any replacement, please make sure the images that you intend to add have licenses consistent with our Image use policy. Regards. Amitrochates (talk) 16:59, 21 March 2015 (UTC)

Point of view
I think it's fair to say this article is not as impartial as it could be. Sardaka (talk)
 * Thank you Sardaka. When talking about a socio-spiritual movement or organisation, the due weight of a neutral article should be about the organisation itself. However, controversies or allegations about it, carry more weight in the article. Even disproven allegations from the past such as the Sydney Hilton bombing carry its own subtitle under History, and to any neutral reader just looking at the titles, it looks as if it was a part of Ananda Marga history. It's very misleading and this is definitely not a neutral WP article. --Universal Life (talk) 12:26, 1 May 2021 (UTC)

 * I've removed some of the worst of the linking of common terms, but the whole text is the group seen from the inside, and the sourcing is basically all primary. The whole text and the citations need to be replaced with reliable 3rd-party sourcing and neutral encyclopedic description. Chiswick Chap (talk) 16:15, 11 September 2021 (UTC)

 * I am disturbed to see that an editor has seen fit to make a series of large, unexplained reversions, even though the article is under a point-of-view tag and there is a live discussion thread right here on the talk page. Let's talk, please, the article certainly needs improvement, preferably by citing reliable independent sources. Chiswick Chap (talk) 15:29, 22 September 2021 (UTC)

 * ,, please note. Chiswick Chap (talk) 15:46, 22 September 2021 (UTC)

Complete absence of reference to the Sydney Hilton Bombing
At the time of writing, this article has been completely scrubbed of any reference to the Sydney Hilton Hotel Bombing, an event which has been proved to be linked to Ananda Marga members. It is clearly an event that is relevant to the history of this group. The Controversies sections seems to have been redacted/ vandalised in an edit [ 09:47, 22 April 2022 87.196.80.214, −4,618 bytes ]. I suggest that these sections be restored. The redaction of reference to the Sydney bombing on the grounds of 'conspiracy' is unjustified. The convicted perpetrator of the bombing was a member of Ananda Marga. 150.203.68.43 (talk) 00:35, 22 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ananda Marga


text:
User:Wilsoncheng

A strong boy who battled through many battles and a son to a famils in australia.

title: User:Wilsoncheng


text: Category:Ma On Shan

title: Category:Ma On Shan


text:
Xylene cyanol

Xylene cyanol can be used as an electrophoretic color marker, or tracking dye, to monitor the process of agarose gel electrophoresis and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Bromophenol blue and orange G can also be used for this purpose.

Once mixed with the sample, the concentration of xylene cyanol is typically about 0.005% to 0.03%.

Migration speed
In 1% agarose gels, xylene cyanol migrates at about the same rate as a 4 to 5 kilobase pair DNA fragment, although this depends on the buffer used. Xylene cyanol on a 6% polyacrylamide gel migrates at the speed of a 140 base pair DNA fragment. On 20% denaturating (7 M urea) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), xylene cyanol migrates at about the rate of 25 bases oligonucleotide.

title: Xylene cyanol


text:
Talk:Korean independence movement

Remove Fake Names
Hi, I just want to be sure before deleting a lot of content, but IP Address 71.190.224.64 added names like Lee Kang-to and Yang Baek from the K-drama series Gaksital. I doubt very strongly that these are real people. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.232.178.201 (talk) 21:51, 4 April 2013 (UTC)

Citations Needed
The way the article is written, most of it is simply unsubstantiated claims. Someone should provide citations, even if in Korean, for peer review. Dare0021 (talk) 03:02, 16 September 2012 (UTC)

POV Issues
The term "genocide" is clearly misleading, as Korea's population grew rapidly during the colonial era, the average life span increased by over ten years, and there were no Japanese massacres of Koreans on the peninsula after the March 1 uprising in 1919. This nationalist Korean historiography only ends up giving pro-Japanese historiographers ammunition for their own distortions.

While the article is fine overall, I think it could use some touching up for POV. While the Japanese did many horrible things in Korea, tossing around accusations like that of mass genocide is starting to push this. I make this comment not because I'm trying to hide Japanese atrocities on the Korean peninsula but because I feel that wild distortions only give fuel to those who attempt to whitewash historical crimes.

The portion on the role religion is also a bit confusing as well.

 * I agree. Eugeneccampbell 05:35, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

There are some implications that the initial missionaries had attempted to undermine and despose of the old Yi Dynasty, but I have yet to see any historical evidence supporting such claims. Talk of Japanese funding of missionaries is also without any real merit. At most, the Japanese attempted to court an already existing Korean church in hopes of using it as a tool to maintain control, but that had quickly fallen apparent within the first few years. The vast majority of churches, both Catholic and Protestant, took a neutral stance with a passive acceptance of what most viewed as an inevitable Japanese occupation.

 * During the early part of the century the Japanese government corralled most Protestant churches in Japan under a single organization and maintained some degree of control over any political activity. I don't think the Catholics had anything to do with it, and there were some independent Protestants. There may have been some attempts to control the Christians. The Korean Presbyterian and Methodist churches, the two largest groups, had been fully independent of that. What you say was true, I believe, at the start of the occupation, but as it progressed there came to be very heavy Japanese persecution of Christians do to heavy participation of Christians among the opposition. There's documentation on that...lemme get back. Eugeneccampbell 05:48, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

Koreantoast 07:41, 22 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Yeah this article is way too POV, which means the legitimacy of the article suffers. The facts of the Japanese occupation speak for itself.  -Taco325i 17:17, 25 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Agreed. The article "March 1st Movement" is better balanced. Also, this article comes up from the link listed under K in "Declarations of independence," supposedly the "Korean Declaration of Independence." That would better link to "March 1st Movement" than to here, but best would be to the content of that document itself and have that link both to "March 1st Movement" and to this article. I have the English translation of the original document...will upload to its own article when I get time, and rationalize the links. Overall, however, this article has plenty of good content; it simply needs POV edits and better documentation. Eugeneccampbell 05:15, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

I heavily edited the prelude to this article, for a start. I'm sure the writer meant well, but statements like "almost 500 years of uninterrupted peace" and "largely benevolent administrative Confucianist bureaucracy" just left a bad taste in my mouth. Joseon's Yi dynasty began with a soldier's coup d'etat against his own king in deference to the foreign Ming dynasty, and since then settled into an effective yet repressive bureaucracy that was extremely resistant to change.

Sure, Joseon had its share of greatness as well, but almost without fail the ruling bureaucracy, suspicious of any possible threat to their power, repressed such innovations. The invention of the Korean writing system, Hangul, is an achievement deservedly hailed as one of the greatest in our history. Yet it was derided by the male Confucianist ruling class as "Eun-mun," the woman's letters. Pioneering mapmaker Kim Jeong-ho traveled extensively to map the peninsula. For his troubles he was imprisoned and tortured under accusation of being a spy. Naval admiral Lee Sun-shin won victory after brilliant victory against the Japanese invading forces during the Imjin wars. Also imprisoned and tortured. And so on. Sometimes I think the only reason the creator of Hangul wasn't imprisoned and tortured was because he was a king himself. Oh well.

 * To be fair, the imprisonment and torture routine was fairly common over the whole region in those days. And it wasn't without occurrence in the West, either. Eugeneccampbell 05:48, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

As a people, we are still trying to overcome some of the Joseon dynasty's worse legacies; authoritarianism, sexism, regionalism... It just doesn't help to gloss over Joseon's serious flaws, which constituted much of the reason it was so helpless in the first place.

 * Nor to exaggerate the atrocities. Eugeneccampbell 05:35, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

Maybe I should edit some of the other parts of the article, I don't know.

 * I think you should. I will too, when I get some time. Eugeneccampbell 05:35, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

I'm certainly no historian.

 * I am a budding one -- and I agree with the following. Eugeneccampbell 05:35, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

I do agree words like genocide shouldn't be thrown around lightly; that only cheapens the word. Some of the Japanese atrocities would probably count, however. Japan's largescale conscription of young women for military prostitution (the "comfort women," a tragicomedic example of the Japanese propensity for euphemism) exactly suits the criteria set forth by the ICTR in its decision to convict Akayesu for genocide.

--Eldir, a.k.a. Jee Hyung Lee

 * Won't be able pin the term genocide on the Japanese for their atrocities. Massacres, yes, and some really big ones which can be documented. But the Japanese did not attempt to wipe out the Koreans as a people -- in fact Korean population and life-expectancy may have even increased under Japanese rule (the Japanese govt. stats here are hard to interpret, but definitely those two figures did not decrease). The treatment of the "comfort women" also was not an attempt to wipe out the Korean people. That said, another term "cultural genocide" could well apply, and I noticed a source saying some scholar in a Japanese university admitting to that. Gotta dig back and find it. But the Japanese did attempt to wipe out Korean language and much of Korea's unique cultural features. Note that "cultural genocide" is a controversial term: some people say, one, its usage denigrates the meaning of genocide itself and, two, there's nothing wrong with trying to remove harmful aspects of a culture (debatable, anyway clearly not the case between Japan and Korea). Language, though -- the Japanese government made a well-documented attempt to nullify the Korean language. Eugeneccampbell 01:22, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

1. The sentences are worded in a way that they are difficult to understand, as observed by the tag. 2. The section implies that Christian missionaries deliberately tried to help the Japanese occupation of Korea using unwitting Korean converts, and succeeded. 3. The whole article looks like it's been written by an anti-Christian anti-Japan fanatic. 4. The article throws around words with little concern. Ex. Legendary 5. Translation of proper nouns. Ex. Righteous Army

I would say the whole article needs to be rewritten by someone who knows the subject and is NOT some fanatic. 59.93.135.124 13:49, 4 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I agree with all five of your points. Actually, there is some truth behind each of the exaggerations this article presents -- but that's often the nature of POV-centric writing. For example, some Christian writers have admitted that the early missionaries made some mistakes. The Japanese did commit atrocities in Korea, though there are balancing points of view about this that are brought out fairly well elsewhere on WP. But this article is the first time I ever read of the Japanese having attempted to use Christianity in their overthrow of the Joseon dynasty and system. Not that there may not have been such attempts, or motive, but if it's true then they need to be documented. On the other hand, I found a couple of good sources that describe how the Japanese openly used Confucianism in their quest -- and if one tries to stand in both Korean and Japanese shoes it makes sense why. I'll try to work on this when I get some time.

Eugeneccampbell 00:48, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

Sennen goroshi's blanking of the lead section.
Sennen goroshi blanked the lead with no rationale or attempt to reword it. This is a very sensible thing to do as a Wikipedian? --Caspian blue (talk) 14:52, 21 August 2008 (UTC)

Split off article
The list of independence activists should be its own article. It's really long and will only get longer toobigtokale (talk) 01:34, 23 June 2023 (UTC)

 * Forgot that I had even written this. I did it recently btw (List of Korean independence activists).
 * I just found out that there's a list on the Korean wiki for recipients of the Order of Merit for National Foundation. It currently doesn't have an English equiv, and the scope heavily overlaps with the article I just made.
 * Maybe at some later date, I'll go back and convert the article I just made into the equiv of the Korean. toobigtokale (talk) 00:21, 7 July 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Korean independence movement


text:
Bishop of Hertford

The Bishop of Hertford is an episcopal title used by a suffragan bishop of the Church of England Diocese of St Albans, in the Province of Canterbury, England. The suffragan See was created by Order in Council of 5 July 1889, but remained dormant until first filled in December 1967. The title takes its name after Hertford, the county town of Hertfordshire. The suffragan Bishop of Hertford, along with the suffragan Bishop of Bedford, assists the diocesan Bishop of St Albans in overseeing the diocese; the bishop has oversight of the archdeaconries of Hertford and St Albans, which cover the deaneries & parishes of Hertfordshire.

The current Bishop of Hertford is The Right Reverend Dr Jane Mainwaring, who took office upon her consecration on 2 February 2023; she is the first woman to hold the office.

title: Bishop of Hertford


text:
Talk:Universal C*-algebra

I'm confused... this article raises more questions than it answers.

The first bit was fine, until we got to how to get to the C* algebra from the B* one. Hope someone can clear this up! Thanks.

expansion
IMHO, the current article reads more like a section of an article on univerisal C*-algebras. an universal C*-algebra just means one with generators and relations. a few simple examples can be included, like the ones following from the spectral theorem and the unitary representation of a group. Mct mht 11:26, 3 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Go for it. :) Oleg Alexandrov (talk) 15:18, 3 April 2007 (UTC)
 * I agree this article is terrible, for which I take complete responsibility. Maybe I got entangled in some fight or other on Bell's theorem or some other topic on wikipedia. Who knows. What I had intended to do is discuss basic structures such as the Cunz algebras and graph algebras, but I never got around to it, and don't plan to either. Note there is an article Universal enveloping algebra.--CSTAR 16:50, 4 April 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Universal C*-algebra


text:
Talk:Reaction ferry

Diagram request
A picture is worth … A diagram would be great. -- 80.195.187.80 08:55, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * done! Theosch (talk) 17:45, 12 March 2023 (UTC)

Pas de Barca Ferry
Has this been running, as it says, since the Middle Ages, all the time as a reaction ferry? The German Wikipedia says the concept was invented by a Dutchman in 1657, well after the Middle Ages.

 * In which case the German Wikipedia is wrong. They should know better. Johannes Kepler, when writing his Astronomia nova in 1609, was clearly familiar with this kind of ferry. He uses it as an analogy in describing celestial mechanics. I'm hoping to find a decent reference in order to include this as a quote for the article. -- Starbois (talk) 16:02, 17 February 2009 (UTC)

Switzerland
I have added a reference to the Basel ferries. The first sentence is a copy-paste from the ferry article. If it's worth including in the generic ferry article, it must be worth including in an article on the specific type of ferry. TiffaF 06:57, 15 September 2006 (UTC)

Images and references
I think a better lead image might be a good thing. I've been trying to find more information on this obscure type of ferry, and the following links may be of some assistance. In particular the Flickr link is to an image I plan to bring over, since it has a compatible license. The cable leading to the cross-river cable is pretty clear in that image since it has pennants on it. An animated diagram might also be really helpful. Hope these references help! ++Lar: t/c 14:42, 1 November 2008 (UTC)
 * http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&safe=active&q=%22reaction+ferry%22&start=10&sa=N
 * http://www.wlym.com/~animations/part3/38/index.html
 * http://www.th.gov.bc.ca/BCHighways/contracts/maintenance/Standards_Specs_Local_Area/sa15/LAS2_Appendix_C_Reaction_Ferry_Maint.pdf
 * http://www.cariboo.bc.ca/news/past03Mar17/stories03Mar17/McLureFerryK.html
 * http://www.livinglandscapes.bc.ca/northwest/skeena_river/ferry.htm
 * http://www.virtualmuseum.ca/pm.php?id=story_line&lg=English&fl=&ex=00000199&sl=4196&pos=1
 * http://thelibrary.springfield.missouri.org/lochist/periodicals/bittersweet/fa79k.htm
 * http://thelibrary.springfield.missouri.org/lochist/periodicals/bittersweet/7i1p55.jpg
 * http://www.faehri.ch/
 * http://www.faehri.ch/download/faehri_english.pdf
 * http://www.flickr.com/photos/christina-t/2468025501/sizes/l/

Types of reaction ferries
I moved the paragraph describing the kind of reaction ferry commonly found in BC (twin pontoons, bridle cable to traveller running on suspended cable across river) to the BC section. User:Tivedshambo moved it back with the comment doesn't just apply to British Columbia.

Which is sort of fair comment. It is true that there are twin hulled reaction ferries outside BC (the Traghetto di Leonardo in Italy, reputedly designed by Leonardo Di Vinci, is an example). It is also true that there are reaction ferries that use suspended cables and travellers outside BC (the Hampton Loade Ferry in the UK is an example). But it is also true to say that a great many reaction ferries are single hulled and use a floating cable attached to a single anchorage. Given the large number of this kind to be found on the Elbe in former East Germany, I think it likely this is the majority form.

I am intending to write a taxonomy section, describing the different forms, but I'm having difficulty finding good sources and I don't want it to be seen as original reasearch. In the meantime I've left the para in the lede, but generalised it somewhat. -- Starbois (talk) 12:39, 12 February 2009 (UTC)

 * Fair enough. —  Tivedshambo   (t/c) 13:10, 12 February 2009 (UTC)

Another Canadian image
Another image of one of the Canadian reaction ferries would be good, to illustrate the Canadian subsection of the Worldwide usage section. I don't want to move the existing image from the lede, as it nicely illustrates one of the two principal types of reaction ferry. Anybody know of one?. -- Starbois (talk) 12:15, 17 February 2009 (UTC)

More Explaination on How They Work?
After reading the article, I still don't understand exactly how they work. Maybe some diagrams could be added? ERBuermann (talk) 16:58, 2 February 2023 (UTC)

 * Done! Please edit or discuss here if unclear or not understandable. Theosch (talk) 17:48, 12 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Reaction ferry


text:
Entertainment-Education

Entertainment-Education (EE) is a communication strategy that aims to alleviate a social issue or educate the public through a custom-tailored piece of entertainment. It is defined by a set of techniques and methodologies which all aim to use various levels of mass media to communicate social and behavior change.

On the impact-entertainment spectrum, EE is balanced between social impact entertainment (SIE) and social and behavior change communication (SBCC). The primary distinction that can be drawn to SIE is that in Entertainment-Education, the "impact issue" usually comes first; the characters and story are built around the issue. In SIE, the story usually originates projects, and impact issues are woven into or extracted out of an existing narrative.

As of 2009, Entertainment-Education is defined as: "a theory-based communication process for purposefully embedding educational and social issues in the creation, production, processing and dissemination process of an entertainment program, in order to achieve desired individual, community, institutional, and societal changes among the intended media user population."

History
In 1950, the UK-based radio soap opera The Archers broke ground by being specifically designed to educate the British people about farming issues and to help increase productivity in the postwar era of rationing and food shortages. It is the longest-running Soap Opera in the world, and is still broadcast today with millions of listeners.

Miguel Sabido, a Mexican TV producer, further formalized the field. He initially called it "Entertainment with a proven social benefit" in the 1960s, which Everett Rogers re-branded as "Entertainment and Education" in 1979, and Patrick Coleman simplified as "Entertainment-Education", which is the presently used term. While the field has evolved in the last 50 years, it is still strongly based on Sabido's specific approach. Nowadays, many practitioners in Entertainment-Education come from a background of public health, health communication and behavior change communication.

Sabido pioneered his method in 1967 by leveraging the Mexican tabloid Casos de Alarma to encourage readers to join the social security system of Mexico. The release of the Peruvian telenovela Simplemente María (1969) validated his assumptions about using mass media for social change, as the sale of sewing machines increased dramatically after the telenovela aired. Sabido went on to produce Ven conmigo, which was widely successful with a 32-point share and resulted in a million people enrolling in the adult education system of Mexico after the series' 1-year runtime. The Sabido-produced, family planning-themed telenovelas Acompáñame, Vamos juntos, caminemos and Nosotros los Mujeres followed soon after in the 1970s, which collectively resulted in a 34 percent decline of the population growth rate of Mexico.

The United Nations awarded Mexico with their Population Prize after that run; United States Agency for International Development's Thomas Donnelly wrote: "The Televisa family planning soap operas have made the single most powerful contribution to the Mexican population success story." David Poindexter of Population Communications International saw great promise in this approach, and introduced him to US-American psychologist Albert Bandura. Bandura was able to explain some of Sabido's enormous impact through his social learning theory and later went on to publish many papers on the effects of serial (radio and television) dramas.

In a series of strategic meetings in the 1970s and 80s, Poindexter invited Sabido to teach his method world-wide in India, China, the Philippines, Egypt, and the Netherlands. Together with Sonny Fox, the president of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences, they then organized so-called "Soap Summits" that brought together the CEOs of large American broadcasters, as well as introduce American TV writers to the methods of Entertainment-Education. Since the early days in the 1980s, a number of organizations have flourished, led by Poindexter-heritage non-profits PCI Media and Population Media Center on the actively producing side, jointly having made 140 shows that reached more than 2 Billion people and had enormous impact on prevention of HIV/AIDS, family planning and women's rights.

In an effort to systematize health communications in Hollywood content and under leadership of Sonny Fox and Norman Lear, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention teamed up with USC Annenberg School for Communication and Journalism, jointly creating Hollywood, Health and Society. HH&S advises Writers Guild of America West writers in the inclusion of health-related topics in mainstream television and film.

title: Entertainment-Education


text:
Talk:Province of Potenza

Moving page as discussed here Giano | talk 08:57, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Nine years old vandalism
In this change in 2007, an IP changed two things : the conquering army (from Roman to Greek) and the number of square kilometres of the province (from 6,545 to 10,698). While the extent has been fixed in 2009, the error about the conquerors remained until now, in 2017 ! --Agatino Catarella (talk) 21:46, 1 March 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Province of Potenza


text:
Talk:Metropolitan area network

There is a free MAN in New Orleans now. it was implemented in Feb 2005.
There is a free MAN in New Orleans now. it was implemented in Feb 2005.

 * If so, we need to add it to the article, as there are no examples cited. -FunkyDuffy (talk) 04:40, 5 July 2011 (UTC)

MAN definition
" A Data network to serve an area the size of large city" — Preceding unsigned comment added by 175.107.7.179 (talk) 08:54, 8 January 2013 (UTC) In the Networks book of A. Tanenbaum definition of MAN is different. It is a network based on Cable Television systems in a city. What the reference of the definition appeared in this paper? A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a computer network that usually spans a city or a large campus. A MAN usually interconnects a number of local area networks (LANs) using a high-capacity backbone technology, such as fiber-optical links, and provides up-link services to wide area networks (or WAN) and the Internet.
 * Added the IEEE 802-2001 definition of a MAN Mark1800 22:33, 1 November 2006 (UTC)

The IEEE 802-2002 standard describes a MAN as being[1]:

“ A MAN is optimized for a larger geographical area than a LAN, ranging from several blocks of buildings to entire cities. MANs can also depend on communications channels of moderate-to-high data rates. A MAN might be owned and operated by a single organization, but it usually will be used by many individuals and organizations. MANs might also be owned and operated as public utilities. They will often provide means for internetworking of local networks. ”

Authors Kenneth C. Laudon and Jane P. Laudon(2001) of Management Information Systems: Managing the Digital Firm 10th ed. define a metropolitan area network as:

“ A Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) is a large computer network that spans a metropolitan area or campus. Its geographic scope falls between a WAN and LAN. MANs provide Internet connectivity for LANs in a metropolitan region, and connect them to wider area networks like the Internet. ”

It can also be used in cable television.

[edit] Implementation Some technologies used for this purpose are Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), FDDI, and SMDS. These technologies are in the process of being displaced by Ethernet-based connections (e.g., Metro Ethernet) in most areas. MAN links between local area networks have been built without cables using either microwave, radio, or infra-red laser links. Most companies rent or lease circuits from common carriers due to the fact that laying long stretches of cable can be expensive.

DQDB, Distributed Queue Dual Bus, is the metropolitan area network standard for data communication. It is specified in the IEEE 802.6 standard. Using DQDB, networks can be up to 20 miles (30 km) long and operate at speeds of 34 to 155 Mbit/s.

Several notable networks started as MANs, such as the Internet peering points MAE-West, MAE-East, and the Sohonet media network.[citation needed] —Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.97.248.239 (talk) 03:32, 6 May 2011 (UTC)

How we could built a metropolitan Area Network with Adsl Connection Technology?
The Main purpose in this subject is creating a Data Center for sharing files and documents between people live in same city, this network may not connect to internet and use just as local information center for use of organizations or individuals, System is Easy and just with free Adsl Connection to provider of this service you could do all applications online ( just in that area or city or town). if any one have idea how it's possible continue this. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 85.198.1.11 (talk) 08:16, 7 February 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Metropolitan area network


text:
Nation of Yahweh

The Nation of Yahweh is predominantly a Black Hebrew Israelite religious movement which was founded in 1979 in Miami by Hulon Mitchell Jr., who went by the name Yahweh ben Yahweh. (Yahweh is one of the proper names of the Abrahamic god, so Yahweh ben Yahweh essentially means "God, son of God".) Its goal is to move African Americans, who it believes are the original Israelites, to Israel. The group accepts Yahweh ben Yahweh as the Son of God. In this way, its beliefs are unique and distinct from those of other Black Hebrew Israelite groups.

Its founder, Hulon Mitchell, was indicted on federal racketeering and extortion charges and convicted of conspiracy to commit murder. The group is classified as a black supremacist cult by the Southern Poverty Law Center and as a cult by The Miami Herald.

The organization describes itself as follows: "In 1979, Yahweh Ben Yahweh came to Miami and became the Spiritual Leader and Founder of The Nation of Yahweh. Although he took a vow of poverty, in seven years he guided The Nation to amass a $250,000,000 empire. Under his direction, The Nation has grown to encompass disciples, followers, and supporters in over 1,300 cities within the U.S. and 16 other countries."

Criticism
The SPLC has criticized the beliefs of the Nation of Yahweh as racist, stating that the group believes that Black people are the true Israelites and whites hold "wicked powers". The Nation of Yahweh has ceased to openly condemn white people as "white devils" as it once did. The SPLC also claims that the group believes that Yahweh ben Yahweh had a Messianic mission to vanquish whites and that it held views similar to those of the Christian Identity movement, which believes that "Aryans" are the true Israelites and non-whites are devils. The SPLC quotes Tom Metzger of White Aryan Resistance as saying, "[Groups like the Nation of Yahweh are] the Black counterpart of us." By 2007, the Nation of Yahweh had eliminated calls for violence and toned down its anti-white rhetoric, but remained Black supremacist and antisemitic in its ideology.

The Anti-Defamation League has criticized the Nation of Yahweh and some other Black Hebrew sects, stating, "In 1987, ADL reported on Black sects holding these views [arguing that today's Jews are not the "chosen people" described in the Bible, ... instead that the label applies to people of African descent], such as the Yahwehs and the Original African Hebrew Israelite Nation of Jerusalem."

Yahweh ben Yahweh was known to control the clothing, food, and sex lives of group members and became intimately involved with many female followers. "We may be rabbis and nuns here," he told The New York Times, "but we don't believe in celibacy."

Most followers were men; the main elders were men as well. Yahweh ben Yahweh's wife, Linda Gaines (Judith Israel) became a significant helper and leader. Gaines collected money, handled finances and the possessions of full-time workers. She had a bodyguard and was high up in the following.

Current activities
The Yahweh ben Yahweh group appeared in the news again in 2012 after "Michael the Black Man" (real name Maurice Woodside), a former member of the group who is now a conservative activist, was invited to speak at a rally for Rick Santorum's presidential campaign during which he said that Democrats were akin to Nazis. Woodside has since become a vocal supporter of Donald Trump, but continues to defend Yahweh ben Yahweh and the Nation's beliefs.

title: Nation of Yahweh