text:
Philip Bailey

Philip James Bailey (born May 8, 1951) is an American singer, songwriter and percussionist, best known as an early member and one of the two lead singers (along with group founder Maurice White) of the band Earth, Wind & Fire. Noted for his four-octave vocal range and distinctive falsetto register, Bailey was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Vocal Group Hall of Fame as a member of Earth, Wind & Fire. Bailey was also inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame for his work with the band.

Bailey has released several solo albums. Chinese Wall from 1984, earned a Grammy nomination for Best R&B Vocal Performance, Male. This LP included the hit single, "Easy Lover", a duet with Phil Collins, which won an MTV Video Music Award for Best Overall Performance in a Video in, was nominated for an American Music Award in the category of Favorite Pop/Rock Video, and earned a Grammy nomination for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group With Vocals. Bailey has in all won seven Grammys out of twenty one nominations.

In May 2008, Bailey was bestowed with a Honorary Doctorate of Music from Berklee College of Music. During the 2008 commencement ceremony at Berklee, he gave the commencement speech. He was later inducted, in November 2017, to the Colorado Music Hall of Fame.

Early days
Bailey was born and raised in Denver, Colorado. He attended Denver's East High School. He later attended the Metropolitan State University of Denver and the University of Colorado thereafter. Bailey was also in a local R&B band called Friends & Love. Some of Bailey's early influences included jazz musicians such as Miles Davis, John Coltrane and Max Roach, the Motown sound, in particular the music of Stevie Wonder, and he was also largely influenced by female singers such as Sarah Vaughan and Dionne Warwick.

Earth, Wind & Fire
In 1972, while attending the University of Colorado, Bailey was invited to join the band Earth, Wind & Fire by founder and bandleader Maurice White. Soon afterwards he solely sang lead vocals with his falsetto on songs such as Devotion, Keep Your Head to the Sky, Reasons,Fantasy, Star, I've Had Enough, Turn on (The Beat Box), When Love Goes Wrong, Guiding Lights and My Promise. Bailey also shared lead vocals with White on tunes like Shining Star, Getaway, September, Sing A Song, Serpentine Fire, Saturday Nite, Can't Hide Love, That's the Way of the World and Boogie Wonderland with The Emotions.

During the mid-1990s Maurice White put his touring days to a close. Bailey then became the on-stage leader of Earth, Wind & Fire. As of now he still shares the stage with longtime band members, bassist Verdine White and vocalist/percussionist Ralph Johnson. With his four octave vocal range, Bailey foremostly sings in his falsetto, and sometimes alike the tenor of Maurice White, whilst illustrating his vocal versatility.

Solo albums
During 1983, Bailey issued his debut studio album, titled Continuation, on Columbia Records. The album reached No. 19 on the US Billboard Top R&B Albums chart, No. 36 on the Dutch Pop Albums chart and No. 31 on the Swedish Pop Albums chart. Martin Basch of the Boston Globe declared "this is the rare R&B dance album where each cut is outstanding". Hugh Wyatt of the New York Daily News also called Continuation "a top-notch recording". A single off the album titled "I Know" rose to No. 10 on the US Billboard Hot R&B Songs chart.

During 1984, Bailey also released his third solo and second secular album, titled Chinese Wall on Columbia. The album reached No. 22 on the Billboard 200 chart and No. 10 on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. The album was certified Gold in the US by the RIAA. A duet with Phil Collins entitled "Easy Lover", rose to No. 1 on the UK Pop Singles chart and No. 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart.

During 1986 Bailey went on to issue his fourth studio album, titled Inside Out on Columbia. The album reached No. 30 on the US Billboard Top R&B Albums chart, No. 29 on the Swiss Pop Albums chart and No. 30 on the Swedish Pop Albums chart. Carlo Wolff of the Boston Globe wrote "Bailey's most coherent and relaxed solo album chronicles walk through city streets, his eyes turned toward the heavens". Thom Duffy of the Orlando Sentinel said "on this new album, Bailey aims for a polished yet punchy funk and ballad style."

A single from the album entitled "State of the Heart" reached No. 20 on the US Billboard Hot R&B Songs chart.

During 1994, Bailey issued his self titled fifth studio album on Zoo Entertainment. Artists including Brian McKnight, Chuckii Booker and PM Dawn guested on the LP. Carol Cooper of Newsday wrote, "Philip Bailey takes another step forward for neo-traditionalism in black music, with the sensitive gentleman-crooner triumphantly ascendant." Michael Eric Dyson of Rolling Stone stated "In the hands of a lesser talent, some of these songs might barely seep through the cracks, less than memorable fare conjured up to please a legend. But Bailey's grace and magic, apparent throughout, redeem the recordings." Dyson added "What's remarkable above all on this album is that Bailey's brilliant falsetto retains its sweet purity, even as he employs more of a pleasing baritone than he has revealed before. While that alone doesn't compensate for some of the just-OK stuff he has to work with, it delights nonetheless."

A single called "Here With Me" rose to No. 33 on the Billboard Adult R&B Songs chart.

Bailey went on to release his first jazz album, titled Dreams in 1999 on Heads Up International records. The album featured artists such as Gerald Albright, Grover Washington, Jr. and Pat Metheny. It reached No. 43 on the Billboard Jazz Albums chart. Paula Edelstein of All About Jazz said "Philip sings with the spiritual essence from on high and with the finesse and soul of the Song Master that he is. This CD is worth the wait". Al Hunter Jr. of the Philadelphia Daily News wrote ""Dreams" is an excellent showcase for Bailey" adding "Bailey serves up a jazz-flavored disc that is as impressive as his four-octave singing range." During 2002 he released Soul on Jazz, his sophomore jazz album once again on Heads Up. The album rose to No. 45 upon the Billboard Jazz Albums chart. Christopher Loudon of Jazz Times proclaimed "reinterpreting jazz treasures both familiar and lesser-known, he moves from triumph to triumph." The Associated Press declared "His new solo compilation, mixes two of the most creative forms of music.".."After more than 30 years, Bailey's sound is more innovative than ever."

Bailey then issued in 2019 his third jazz album entitled Love Will Find A Way on Verve Records. That album reached No. 1 on both the Billboard Top Jazz Albums chart and the Billboard Contemporary Jazz Albums chart.

Music critic Ann Powers of NPR placed Love Will Find a Way at No. 5 on her list of the Top Ten Albums of 2019. Phil Freeman of Stereogum gave Love Will Find a Way an honourable mention in his list of the Ten Best Jazz Albums of 2019. Bailey also won Soul Act of the Year at the 2020 Jazz FM Awards.

Gospel
Bailey featured on Andraé Crouch's 1979 Grammy winning album I'll Be Thinking of You and alongside Maurice White on Walter Hawkins' 1980 Grammy nominated album, The Hawkins Family.

In 1980, Bailey joined friends, Deniece Williams, Billy Davis and Marilyn McCoo to present a gospel show, called "Jesus At the Roxy", at a Los Angeles club named The Roxy. Williams later said "God did something miraculous. Over three hundred people were saved." After that, both Bailey and Williams decided to pursue careers in Christian music.

During 1984, Bailey issued his first gospel album titled The Wonders of His Love on Myrrh Records. The album reached No. 13 on the Billboard Christian Albums chart and No. 17 on the Billboard Top Gospel Albums chart. The Wonders of His Love was also Grammy nominated in the category of Best Inspirational Performance.

His second gospel album Triumph was released in 1986 on Horizon Records. The LP reached No. 18 on the Top Christian Albums chart and No. 33 on the Billboard Top Gospel Albums chart. Triumph also won a Grammy for Best Gospel Performance, Male.

During 1989 he released his third gospel album titled Family Affair on Myrrh Records. The album reached No. 37 on the Billboard Top Gospel Albums chart.

Bailey later played percussion and sang on the King Baptist Church Mass Choir's 1990 album Holding on to Jesus' Hand.

Work with other artists
Bailey sang on Jazz guitarist Alphonso Johnson's 1976 LP Yesterday's Dreams. He later played percussion alongside Verdine White on bass upon the track "Tahiti Hut" composed by both Maurice White and Eumir Deodato from Deodato's 1978 album Love Island. He also sang on Ronnie Laws' 1978 album Flame.

Bailey went on to produce R&B Band Kinsman Dazz's 1978 debut LP Kinsman Dazz and work as an arranger and guest artist on their sophomore 1979 album Dazz. As a band, Kinsman Dazz later became known as the Dazz Band. Bailey also collaborated as a vocalist with Ramsey Lewis on his 1980 LP Routes, Stanley Turrentine on his 1981 album Tender Togetherness and Deniece Williams on her 1983 Grammy nominated album I'm So Proud.

As well he guested on Stevie Wonder's 1985 In Square Circle album, Kenny Loggins' 1985 LP Vox Humana, Ray Parker Jr.'s 1987 album After Dark and Anita Pointer's 1987 LP Love for What It Is. Bailey also collaborated with Julio Iglesias on his 1988 album Non Stop and Deniece Williams on her 1988 album As Good As It Gets. Bailey then collaborated with Little Richard on the title tune of the soundtrack to the 1988 feature film Twins. That song reached No. 16 on the Dutch Pop Singles chart and No. 36 on the Belgian Pop Singles chart. Twins was also nominated for a Golden Globe in the category of Best Original Song.

He later featured on Nancy Wilson's 1989 LP A Lady with a Song, Dianne Reeves' 1990 album Never Too Far and George Duke and Stanley Clarke's 1990 LP 3. Bailey also guested on jazz group Fourplay's 1991 self-titled debut album, Ronnie Laws' 1992 LP Deep Soul, George Duke's 1992 album Snapshot, Fourplay's 1993 sophomore LP Between the Sheets and Chante Moore's 1994 album A Love Supreme.

Bailey then featured on Keiko Matsui's 1994 LP Doll, Doc Powell's 1996 album Inner City Blues, George Duke's 2000 Grammy nominated album Cool, Boney James's 2006 LP Shine, Deniece Williams' 2007 album Love Niecy Style and Gerald Albright's 2008 Grammy nominated LP Sax for Stax.

He later appeared on the song Fool for You from CeeLo Green's 2010 album The Lady Killer. Fool for You got to No. 1 on the Billboard Adult R&B Songs chart and No. 13 on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. That song also won two Grammy awards in the categories of Best Traditional R&B Performance and Best R&B Song. Bailey also sang on Nathan East's 2017 LP Reverence. A cover of "Serpentine Fire" from that album featuring Bailey, Verdine White and Ralph Johnson reached No. 17 on the Billboard Smooth Jazz Songs chart. Bailey thereafter made a guest appearance on Chick Corea's 2018 album Chinese Butterfly.

He also sang uncredited vocals on Travis Scott's "Stop Trying to Be God". The song also features fellow musicians Stevie Wonder, Kid Cudi, and James Blake and appeared on Scott's 2018 album Astroworld.

In other media
Bailey appeared in a 1995 Chicago staging of Raisin, the Broadway musical based on A Raisin In The Sun.

On October 27, 2007, Bailey sang "God Bless America" during the seventh-inning stretch in Game 3 of the 2007 World Series held at Coors Field, Denver, Colorado. This was the first World Series game that was ever played in his hometown of Denver. He also threw out the ceremonial first pitch on June 30, 2012, in an MLB game between the Tampa Bay Rays and the Detroit Tigers held at Tropicana Field, St. Petersburg, Florida.

Grammy Awards
The Grammy Awards are awarded annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences. Bailey has received one award out of four solo nominations.

Discography

 * Continuation (1983)
 * The Wonders of His Love (1984)
 * Chinese Wall (1984)
 * Triumph (1986)
 * Inside Out (1986)
 * Family Affair (1989)
 * Philip Bailey (1994)
 * Life and Love (1998)
 * Dreams (1999)
 * Soul on Jazz (2002)
 * Love Will Find a Way (2019)

title: Philip Bailey


text:
Lurganare

Lurganare is a small village and townland in County Down, Northern Ireland, four miles north of Newry. It had a population of 195 at the 2001 census. It lies within the Newry, Mourne and Down District Council area. The local primary school, St Mary's Primary School, had an enrolment of 118 pupils as of 2011.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Lurganare


text:
Male and Female

Male and Female is a 1919 American silent adventure/drama film directed by Cecil B. DeMille and starring Gloria Swanson and Thomas Meighan. Its main themes are gender relations and social class. The film is based on the 1902 J. M. Barrie play The Admirable Crichton.

A previous version was filmed the year before in England as The Admirable Crichton.

Plot
The film centers on the relationship between Lady Mary Loam (Swanson), a British aristocrat, and her butler, Crichton (Meighan). Crichton fancies a romance with Mary, but she disdains him because of his lower social class. When the two and some others are shipwrecked on a deserted island, they are left to fend for themselves in a state of nature.

The aristocrats' abilities to survive are far worse than those of Crichton, and a role reversal ensues, with the butler becoming a king among the stranded group. Crichton and Mary are about to wed on the island when the group is rescued. Upon returning to Britain, Crichton chooses not to marry Mary; instead, he asks a maid, Tweeny (who was attracted to Crichton throughout the film), to marry him, and the two move to the United States.

Production
The film contains two famous scenes, indicative of de Mille's predilections as a filmmaker.
 * An early scene depicts Gloria Swanson bathing in an elaborate setting, attended by two maids, lavishing her with rosewater and bath salts, silk dressing gown, and luxurious towels.
 * Toward the end of the film, a fantasy sequence about ancient Babylon shows Swanson posed as Gabriel von Max's famous painting The Lion's Bride, which involved her being photographed with an actual lion.

Kenneth Macgowan stated in his 1965 history of film Behind the Screen that the title was changed because Paramount was concerned that audiences would confuse the words "admirable" and "admiral" and "stay away because 'sea pictures weren't very popular'".

Cast

 * Lila Lee as Tweeny, the scullery maid
 * Theodore Roberts as Lord Loam
 * Raymond Hatton as Honorable Ernest 'Ernie' Wolley
 * Mildred Reardon as Lady Agatha 'Aggie' Lasenby
 * Gloria Swanson as Lady Mary Lasenby
 * Thomas Meighan as Crichton, the butler
 * Robert Cain as Lord Brockelhurst
 * Bebe Daniels as King's Favorite
 * Julia Faye as Susan, 2nd Maid
 * Rhy Darby as Lady Eileen Duncraigie
 * Edmund Burns as Treherne
 * Henry Woodward as McGuire, Lady Eileen's Chauffeur
 * Sydney Deane as Thomas
 * Wesley Barry as Buttons, the Boy
 * Slats the Lion

Preservation
Prints of Male and Female are held by:
 * Cinematheque Royale de Belgique
 * Cinemateca do Museu de Arte Moderna
 * Filmoteka Narodowa in Warsaw
 * George Eastman Museum, on 35 mm
 * Museum Of Modern Art
 * Cineteca Nazionale in Rome, on 35 mm
 * Library of Congress, on 35 mm and DVD
 * UCLA Film and Television Archive, on 16 mm
 * Academy Film Archive

DVD release
Male and Female was released on Region 0 DVD-R by Alpha Video on January 28, 2014.

title: Male and Female


text: Template:Infobox animanga

title: Template:Infobox animanga


text:
Josias von Heeringen

Josias von Heeringen (9 March 1850 – 9 October 1926) was a German general of the imperial era who served as Prussian Minister of War and saw service in the First World War.

Early life
Heeringen was born in Kassel in the Electorate of Hesse. He was the son of Josias von Heeringen (1809–1885) and his wife Karoline von Starkloff (1817–1871). His younger brother August von Heeringen (* 26. November 1855 in Kassel; † 29. September 1927 in Berlin), served as a naval officer and was a Chief of the German Imperial Admiralty Staff. Josias von Heeringen married in 1874 Augusta von Dewall.

Career
After having served on various posts, in 1887 he became a major in the Prussian Ministry of War. From 1892 to 1895, he was a department head on the German General Staff. In 1898 he was appointed a Major-General and chosen to head the Army Administration Department of the Ministry of War.

In 1901 he was made a Generalleutnant and in 1903 became head of the 22nd Division. In 1906 he was made a General der Infanterie, and also commander of the II Army Corps, whose headquarters was in Stettin. From 1909 to 1913, he was Prussian Minister of War. Just like his predecessors, Heinrich von Gossler and Karl von Einem, von Heeringen thought that the army should not be expanded too quickly as wished by the General Staff. Instead he emphasized reformist efforts, placed more on the technical perfection of the army and the quality of the training. Heeringen stopped the immediate formation of three new army corps, delaying them to be planned for 1916 to 1921. This drew the ire of Chief of Staff Helmuth von Moltke and other officers like department chief Erich Ludendorff. Heeringen asked to be released from his post in 1913. Afterwards he became Inspector-General of the II Army Inspectorate, headquartered in Berlin.

When World War I began in August 1914 he was made commander of the Seventh Army, the army that was being used as a decoy for the attempted German invasion of France. He successfully defended Alsace against the French in the Battle of Mulhouse, for which he was awarded the Pour le Mérite on 28 August 1915. He´d receive the oak leaves one year later. In 1914 he had also received the Freedom of the City of Kassel. He commanded the Seventh Army until 1916, when he was transferred to command the German Coastal Defence for the rest of the war. He left active service with the rank of a Colonel General.

Later life
From 1918 to 1926, he was president of the Kyffhäuserbund. He died on 9 October 1926 in Berlin-Charlottenburg.

Honours and awards
• Kingdom of Prussia:

• * Iron Cross (1870), 2nd Class

• * Service Award Cross

• * Knight of the Black Eagle, with Collar

• * Knight of the Royal Crown Order, 1st Class

• * Pour le Mérite (military), 28 August 1915; with Oak Leaves, 28 August 1916

•  Baden:

• * Commander of the Zahringer Lion, 2nd Class, 1893

• * Grand Cross of the Order of Berthold the First, 1909

•  Kingdom of Bavaria:

• * Grand Cross of the Military Merit Order

• * Prince Regent Luitpold Medal on Band of Jubilee Medal

•  Grand Duchy of Hesse: Commander of the Merit Order of Philip the Magnanimous, 2nd Class, 10 June 1897; Grand Cross with Crown, 23 August 1911

•  Oldenburg: Grand Cross of the Order of Duke Peter Friedrich Ludwig

•  Kingdom of Saxony:

• * Knight of the Rue Crown

• * Grand Cross of the Albert Order, with Golden Star

•  Württemberg:

• * Knight of the Württemberg Crown, 1889; Grand Cross

• * Commander of the Friedrich Order, 1st Class, 1900

•   Austria-Hungary: Grand Cross of the Royal Hungarian Order of St. Stephen, 1912

• 🇧🇪 Belgium: Grand Cordon of the Order of Leopold

• 🇨🇱 Chile: Medal of the Merit, 1st Class

•  Empire of Japan:

• * Grand Cordon of the Rising Sun

• * Order of Meiji, 2nd Class

•  Ottoman Empire: Order of Osmanieh, 1st Class

title: Josias von Heeringen


text:
Talk:Dandy

Accuracy of etymology
1775:

 * ''Yankee doodle went to town, riding on a pony.
 * Stuck a feather in his hat and called it Macaroni.
 * Yankee doodle keep it up.
 * Yankee doodle DANDY.
 * Mind the music and the steps and
 * let the girls be handy.''

DANDY predates 1790 by at least 15 years. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.235.44.73 (talk • contribs)

Yankee Doodle may date to the 1750s, but if you have a look at the wikipedia page on it, the original lyrics are quite different to those sung today and don't seem to include the word 'dandy. The current full Oxford English Dictionary gives the earliest printed citation as "c1780 Sc. Song (see N. & Q. 8th Ser. IV. 81), I've heard my granny crack O' sixty twa years back When there were sic a stock of Dandies O; Oh they gaed to Kirk and Fair, Wi' their ribbons round their hair, And their stumpie drugget coats, quite the Dandy O.", where it at least seems to be being used in the same basic sense as in the current version of Yankee Doodle. The OED doesn't reference the song Yankee Doodle (although the OED possibly isn't the best source on early European American words - their first cite for 'Yankee/Yankey/Yankie' isn't until 1765). I'll come back in a couple of days and if no-one has added any comments here I'll edit the article to at least reference the OED citation. Caitifty (talk) 03:29, 19 January 2009 (UTC)

Bourgeois values
I have removed the phrases "rejects bourgeois values" and "counter-cultural" from the definition, as I don't believe they reflect the more nuanced attitude of the dandy towards society. —Ashley Y 04:47, 2005 May 29 (UTC)

 * If you think that a dandy accepts bourgeois values, you must have a highly personal interpretation of "bourgeois". Please explain your changes here. --Wetman 06:39, 29 May 2005 (UTC)

 * I have no idea where you got the impression that I think a dandy accepts bourgeois values. And I just did explain my changes here. —Ashley Y 06:06, 2005 May 30 (UTC)

 * (Silly Wetman: he thought "I have removed the phrases "rejects bourgeois values"" meant that this person thought that a dandy doesn't reject bourgeois values. He should have realized that the phrase simply wasn't liked.) --Wetman 03:03, 14 September 2006 (UTC)

Female Dandy
I’ve edited and clarified the section on female dandies, it application and evolution. During the Regency period, when “dandy” had a more immature meaning of “fop”, then the notion of female dandies are documented in the historic literature. At this time, they were called dandyess, dandizette, dandysette, or dandisette. Then, after “dandy” took on it more modern day meaning of refinement, it became applied exclusively to men. Ladies could not be dandies, any more than men could become lesbians. Instead, the female side branched out and developed own distinct philosophy, called quaintrellism. This split is better noted and explained.

Though I appreciate the identification of the courtesan as the female dandy, I would argue that the Vamp in the Theda Bara style might be more appropriate. This image captures the inner pride of the dandy whilst using her beauty and sexuality to make an impact. DLS

 * All definitions of "dandy" do apply to Theda Bara. Go for it, keeping strictly to an application of the definitions (skirting Original Research). Another female dandy: The flamboyant marchesa Luisa Casati, hostess to the Ballets Russes in the Palazzo "Non Finita" (now the Peggy Guggenheim Museum), Venice, and the subject of numerous portraits by Boldini, Troubetzkoy, Man Ray and Augustus John.  She walked a pair of ocelots on leashes, and the Venetians at any rate were thoroughly epatés...--Wetman 20:19, 26 Jun 2005 (UTC)

I updated the section upon female dandies, based upon recent research for quaintrelles. Since quaintrelles actually predate dandizettes, the previous notion that quaintrelles emerged from dandizettes was incorrect. Then, I removed the section on possible quaintrelles, since two of the three examples are incorrect. The courtesan Cora Pearl would not a quaintrelle, since quaintrelles use strength of style and personality, instead of their body, to gain renown. Then, the artistic diva, would be no more a quaintrelle than any other subsets of artists or ladies of title. Timmbbo (talk) 22:12, 5 February 2010 (UTC)

Recent editing
A clueless hash-up of this article has been made today by someone who thinks "18th century' means the 1800s, thinks that dandyism is passé and can't spell Britain. --Wetman 09:13, 19 November 2005 (UTC)

Ok, I messed up the centuries and spelled someting wrong. So instead of complaining why didn't you correct it yourself? Much easier. Also, the article said dandyism was mostly a thing of the past before I edited it, which I did by the way because it had no sections and was pretty incoherent. But if this is your baby and you want to revert it, I won't fight you. Mjk2357 19:22, 19 November 2005 (UTC)

Metrosexual
I was thinking a discussion of dandies in relation to metrosexuality would be a good addition.
 * Excellent. Give it a header :Main article: Metrosexual and don't be shy to adapt any material you find there that relates to "dandy". (Don't cannibalize Metrosexual, though.) And why not log in!--Wetman 10:38, 11 January 2006 (UTC)

Flâneur
This article definitely should mention the flâneur. I'm pretty sure that flânerie is the older of the two trends, and that dandyism is supposed to have emerged from it in some obscure way, possibly under commercial pressures. Speaking of which, dandyism probably deserves some consideration as an early example of the subculture under modern mass society. --WadeMcR 08:25, 2 February 2006 (UTC)

Needs rewrite
I think this article, or at least the first paragraph, needs rescuing from its "Baudelairean" POV. There are others, after all.

A dandy is a man who cares to dress well. Let's start with something like that. Then all the nonsense about "elevates aesthetics to a living religion", "rejects bourgeois values" and so forth can be attributed to the various points of view of various authors. —Ashley Y 08:05, 22 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Find other points of view and report on them, using some illuminating direct quotes. Baudelaire's published views on the subject are incontrovertibly mainstream, whether or not one likes them. --Wetman 22:17, 22 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Baudelaire's views are mainstream? You should probably provide evidence for that in the article if you're going to give him such prominence. I would say that his views are in the mainstream but certainly do not represent more than part of it.

 * Also "incontrovertibly" is as bad as "considered by many". —Ashley Y 00:51, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

 * 'Yes, Miss, Baudelaire's views are incontrovertibly mainstream. His essay on dandyism is among the external links. It has been translated into English, so your lack of French won't be an excuse.. Reading it might make a beginning.--Wetman 04:57, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

 * The question, of course, is whether reading it also makes an end. And might I suggest there's a certain circularity in pointing to an author's own work in trying to demonstrate its significance? I can hardly deny the enormous influence he had on himself. But what does it mean for the rest of us?

 * Beerbohm, for instance, provides a slightly different view, as does the less sympathetic Carlyle. One might argue that it's all of a piece, and I won't deny that these viewpoints and others listed have much more in common than they differ. But it's together that they make the mainstream. Religious social conservativism is regarded by many as mainstream in American politics, for instance, but to begin an article on the latter with the remark that "America is a sinful nation" or somesuch would be as out of place there as some of the more, shall we say, "French" ideas of Baudelaire are at the beginning of this article. —Ashley Y 07:25, 24 August 2006 (UTC)

Gay Dandies
I could swear I'd seen references to gay dandies. Obviously, there's Wilde. Would it be acceptable to include a section on gay male dandies? samwaltz 09:30, 15 October 2006 (UTC)

It seems appropriate. I've only ever seen dandy in reference to homosexual people in modern "pop-culture" i.e. Mr. Show, Yankee Doodle et. all. Rekutyn (talk) 07:08, 24 June 2008 (UTC)

Dandy and Class
From article para 1: "thus a dandy could be considered a kind of snob, or, alternatively, either a warrior in the class struggle or a class traitor."

If we are mainly talking about dandies in their heyday, early 19th century, then the reference to class is quite anachronistic - Marxism hadn't even been formulated, and I doubt any dandy would have thought in terms of class struggle even if it had. I note that someone has put a citation-need tag against that assertion - because it does stand as a bold assertion at the beginning of the article, with no development of this theme, or even supporting references for the assertion, within the article.

I have deleted the the references to class. If someone can point to previously published analysis, then include it back into the article. However, because of the anachronism involved, I wouldn't think Marxist class terminology would be appropriate for the introductory first paragraph. --Iacobus 01:44, 10 January 2007 (UTC)

= protestestations? = Given these connotations, dandyism can be seen as apolitical protestestations against the rise of egalitarian principles — often including nostalgic.... Is that a word? I'm no native speaker of English Lio 19:32, 10 January 2007 (UTC)
 * It's a word I've seen used before, but I don't think it's a particularly good word, since the simpler protest/protests will do fine. --Iacobus 05:56, 11 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Seems it was changed to protestations --Lio 20:29, 20 June 2007 (UTC)
 * I think pro-testes-tastions is another word for to tea-bagging. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 148.87.19.198 (talk) 22:15, 18 August 2010 (UTC)

= Later Dandyism =

Iv added a small bit about an arts collective i read about, i just need someone who has the know-how to format it a bit better. iv put all the info there just needs formatted sorry im not so clever in regards to editting references etc. it was just a small piece i read in a magasine which is relevant. Thanks.

False quote?
Is that second, almost identical quote bogus? 80.175.158.1 (talk) 14:58, 18 December 2007 (UTC)

…3"48 P.M. E.S.T. A Representational Effort. Expressions possibly used. Why Daddy their just Dandy possible meaning in good behavior. That representation is a strong gathering of the Female sex and a possible colaberated conversation towards her parents. And for the Male issue pertaining the language of Just Dandy or yes just dandy perhaps pertaining to in thought and just yet all is well, though may convey it deeper as challenged or to the acception also addmittance of or towards a conversation. In all,all shall be in good or a fair discription.

The tune Yankee Doodle Dandy is perhaps nothing to mess with. For instence it did come after the Committee of Fifty and Committee Of Correspondence and also the committee of sixty wich had the representatives of the DeLancey Faction and the usuals of New York wich had formed the Sons Of Liberty. reread the formations of Adams from the tea act north to south,and why an importation act would'nt of worked though at first was a fair representation of conduct wich possibly was a meaning for all to join in towards the representation of a form act wich perhaps is some form of a taxation perhaps, and still is a very interesting consideration David George DeLancey 4:09 P.M. E.S.T.David George DeLancey (talk) 20:54, 27 February 2008 (UTC)

Splendid POV tagging
We owe a vote of thanks to User:Beland who so generously scattered "fact" and "pov' notices throughout the text, 23 March 2008. That's editing!--Wetman (talk) 08:43, 18 April 2008 (UTC)

Suggested Change to Improve Clarity
My suggestion is in regards to the following quote from the article:

In the 21st century, the word "dandy" is a jocular, often sarcastic adjective meaning "fine" or "great", while "a dandy" refers to a well-groomed, well-dressed, and self-absorbed man.

I think the intended meaning of the sentence may be obvious to those already familiar with the word, but the sentence is not clearly worded. When the word dandy is used sarcastically, the intention is the inversion of its meaning. The quoted text above implies that when dandy is used sarcastically, it means fine or great, when, in fact, the opposite is true. I think paragraph should be reworded as follows: In the 21st century, "dandy" can be used as a noun meaning "a well-groomed, well-dressed, and self-absorbed man". As an adjective, "dandy" means "fine" or "great", however, it is often used sarcastically to indicate the opposite meaning.

This change is minor, especially if you are familiar with the word and its common usage. However, I think it's important to keep in mind how articles will be perceived by non-anglophones who are not familiar with the colloquial uses of the term.

RationalResponse (talk) 23:41, 28 August 2008 (UTC)

The US South or at least Louisiana
I seem to recall there being some kind of "Southern dandy" thing, I got here through an article on a Louisiana politician, but I'm not sure any Southerner is mentioned in this. Am I mistaken?--T. Anthony (talk) 16:04, 23 April 2009 (UTC)

Dandy/macAroni confusion
firstly the long lists and picture collection near the end of the article look awful, and secondly I think some mention should be made of the fact that when most people think of a dandy, what they actually have in mind is a macaroni. Dandys were elegant, subtle, and refined, whereas macaronis were a riot of colour, effeminate manners, quizzing glasses and ludicrous wigs. 31.53.31.161 (talk) 14:44, 7 October 2011 (UTC)

Very modern dandies.
Would you include ... Stephen Fry? David Beckham? Michael Douglas? The young Hugh Hefner? Some of the Black Rapper-style musicians? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 58.168.5.121 (talk) 11:45, 6 July 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 1 one external link on Dandy. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20130419220351/http://www.egs.edu/faculty/jean-baudrillard/articles/simulacra-and-simulations-xviii-on-nihilism/ to http://www.egs.edu/faculty/jean-baudrillard/articles/simulacra-and-simulations-xviii-on-nihilism/

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true or failed to let others know (documentation at ).

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 23:57, 5 December 2016 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Dandy. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100123093252/http://www.noveporte.it/dandy/ to http://www.noveporte.it/dandy

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 00:58, 4 September 2017 (UTC)

= "dandy" vs "dandyism" and integration between languages =

In English Wikipedia there is an article about "dandy" though there is no article about "dandyism". On the other hand Spanish Wikipedia has articles about both "dandy" and "dandyism". There are also five languages: Català, עברית, Italiano, 한국어, Polski - in which there is an article about "dandyism" and not about "dandy". I believe it should be unified so that all these articles in all languages would be linked together. Helias (talk) 20:40, 2 November 2020 (UTC)
 * https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dandi
 * https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dandismo

Wiki Education assignment: Detective Fiction
— Assignment last updated by Gocats14 (talk) 20:25, 3 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dandy


text: Template:Infobox animanga/Header

title: Template:Infobox animanga/Header


text:
S. Harrison Dogole

S. Harrison "Sonny" Dogole (16 January 1922 – 13 December 1999) was president of Globe Security Systems, in Philadelphia. Globe was a major private detective agency in the United States.

Because Dogole was a heavy contributor to the Hubert Humphrey campaign, and because of fears that he would use his company to investigate Richard M. Nixon, as a result he was placed on Nixon's Enemies List.

Dogole retired in 1989 and died in Wellington, Florida.

title: S. Harrison Dogole


text:
Me Against the Music

"Me Against the Music" is a song by American singers Britney Spears and Madonna for Spears' fourth studio album, In the Zone (2003). It was written by Spears, Madonna, Christopher "Tricky" Stewart, Thabiso "Tab" Nikhereanye, Penelope Magnet, Terius Nash and Gary O'Brien. The song was released on October 14, 2003, by Jive Records, as the lead single of In the Zone. After bonding with Spears during a night in New York City, Stewart and Magnet started working on the song for her. During rehearsals for the 2003 MTV Video Music Awards, Spears played Madonna the track and asked her to do the song with her.

"Me Against the Music" contains influences of dance-pop, hip hop and usage of funk guitars. Spears and Madonna trade lines during the verses, and Madonna sings the bridge. Lyrically, the song talks about battling the music and the pleasures of letting go on the dancefloor. The song received generally mixed reviews from music critics. Some felt it was a strong dance track of In the Zone, while others referred to it as lackluster and disappointing. The song was a commercial success, peaking atop of the charts in countries such as Australia, Denmark, Hungary, Ireland and Spain, as well as the European Hot 100 Singles. It also peaked at number two in Canada, Italy, Norway and the United Kingdom, and inside the top five in many other nations. The song won the "Hot Dance Single of the Year" accolade at the 2004 Billboard Music Awards.

The accompanying music video for "Me Against the Music" shows Spears and Madonna playing opposites in a nightclub. A cat-and-mouse chase ensues, and Spears finds Madonna in the end, only for the latter to disappear before they kiss. The video received positive reviews from critics, who noted it as symbolic of the sexual roles between the women. Spears has performed the song in a number of live appearances including the 2003 NFL Kickoff Live, Saturday Night Live, 2003 American Music Awards and TRL. She has also performed remixed versions with elements of bhangra music at The Onyx Hotel Tour (2004) and The Circus Starring Britney Spears (2009). Spears performed the song on her Las Vegas residency show Britney: Piece of Me. "Me Against the Music" has been remixed by Justice, while the music video was recreated by television series Glee and included an appearance by Spears.

In 2023, Billboard's staff placed "Me Against the Music" at the 19th position on their 'The 100 Greatest Songs of 2003' list.

Background and writing

American producers Christopher "Tricky" Stewart and Penelope Magnet, known collectively as RedZone Entertainment, presented Spears with the third song they had written and produced, "Pop Culture Whore". While her management liked the track, she rejected it, telling them the song "sucked". After bonding with Spears during a night in New York City to "get in her world", as Magnet explained, it was easier to "actually write and know what she would and wouldn't say, to know where her real vibe is". Stewart and Magnet began working on the first version of the song; Stewart came up with the track, while Magnet developed the melody on a piano and some of the lyrics. American producer The-Dream became involved after Stewart proposed him to work together on the track for Spears. He explained, "I was just getting into the business. I'm in Atlanta, driving home in a '92 Cadillac, and I get the call [...] I hung up and just screamed out joyous sounds." During the recording sessions, Stewart recalls that the studio's air-conditioning died for three days, but Spears "didn't complain or anything, and for me that shows she's where she is for a reason."

While rehearsing for their performance at the 2003 MTV Video Music Awards, Spears played a finished version of "Me Against the Music" to Madonna. After Madonna commented that she liked the track, Spears asked her to do the song with her. RedZone then handed "Me Against the Music" to Madonna, who arranged and recorded her vocal additions on her own, therefore making the song a duet. Spears, who has been a Madonna fan for years, was "beyond surprised" when she heard Madonna's verse. She said "I just asked her to do a little thing, but she really went there. She did a lot of stuff to it." Jive Records hoped "Outrageous" would be released as the first single from the album, but Spears pushed for "Me Against the Music". After she performed the song for the first time at the 2003 NFL Kickoff Live, Spears refused to answer if it was the first single from the album, but said that "there are some surprises that are going to come up in the song that I'm really excited about." On September 16, 2003, it was confirmed that "Me Against the Music" would be released as the first single from In the Zone.

Composition and remixes
"Me Against the Music" is a dance-pop and hip hop song with "funky guitar riffs" and "rapid-fire singing". The song features Madonna, but was constructed as a duet after she was added to the track. Spears and Madonna trade lines during the verses, and Madonna sings solo in the bridge. Stewart described the sound as "half-rapping, half-singing" and "beat-driven". According to the sheet music published at Musicnotes.com, "Me Against the Music" is set in a moderate dance beat, with a tempo of 120 beats per minute. Spears's vocal range span from the low-note of G2 to the high-note of B4. Gavin Mueller of Stylus Magazine deemed Spears's vocals as "sexy and sultry" and compared them to those of Prince.

In the song, Spears and Madonna sing of the pleasures of letting go on the dancefloor, in lyrics such as "I'm up against the speaker / Trying to take on the music / It's like a competition". Spears explained the concept of the song as "basically about just going to a club and letting yourself go and battling with whoever is around you and battling against the music as well." Magnet continued, saying, "Like she was hearing the music and trying to out-dance the track or out-beat the drum or out-pluck the guitar. It's as if she's in the club, losing herself in the music." William Shaw of Blender stated Madonna's verse could be interpreted as her passing the baton to a new talent, as well as "a taunt from the old guard to the uptight youngster."

A number of remixes were commissioned by Jive Records to accompany the release. The Australian CD singles included remixes by artists such Peter Rauhofer, Rishi Rich, Passengerz and Terminalhead. The US CD single also contained remixes by Trak Starz, Gabriel & Dresden, Bloodshy & Avant and Kanye West. The Rishi Rich's Desi Kulcha Remix was later included in the track list of In the Zone. The remix removes the original melody of the song and adds a clattering backbeat and Punjabi shouts. Kelefa Sanneh of The New York Times called the remix "excellent", noting that it is "so frenetic you barely notice Ms. Spears and Madonna – it's odd to hear two such ubiquitous figures sounding so anonymous." There are two remixes released which do not feature Madonna; the Bloodshy & Avant's Chix Mix was released on Spears's first EP accompanying the Britney Spears: In the Zone video, while the DragonMan Remix appears on the Dare for More Pepsi promotional CD, the New Divas 2004 compilation album and the Japan Tour edition of Glory. Spears had also contacted Outkast to remix "Me Against the Music" but the remix was not released.

Critical response

Stephen Thomas Erlewine of Allmusic selected "Me Against the Music" as one of the 'track picks' from In the Zone. Caryn Ganz of Spin called the song "a fine specimen of Britney 4.0 – a fast-paced dance anthem, all grinding percussion shuttling through a traffic jam of synths." Dave De Sylvia of Sputnikmusic said that "Aside from numerous rather awful name-dropping passages and a disappointing chorus, the track is an ideal way to open the album. It's an up-tempo dance track with a big name attached; what else could you ask for?" Sal Cinquemani of Slant Magazine deemed it as "arguably one of Britney's finest moments and one of her mentor's worst". Nick Southall of Stylus Magazine said that "Madonna vamps it up (literally – her appearance here is not Sapphic but vampiric, the wizened old crone bleeding another period of forced longevity into her career like a cruenating corpse leaking plasma backwards) on 'Me Against The Music', but can't make it a bad tune." Gavin Mueller, also writing for Stylus Magazine, said that the single "benefits from a kinetic garage-inspired beat, even when a tepid Madonna threatens to spoil the fun."

Spence D. of IGN commented, "Initially catchy, it's ultimately forgettable other than it's the musical counterpart/fallout to/from the duo's lip lock publicity stunt on the 2003 MTV Music Video Awards." Jamie Gill of Yahoo! Music Radio stated that "Madonna's appearance on the brilliantly titled but deeply dreary 'Me Against The Music' was a postmodern prank designed to make all sane listeners think 'actually, American Life was pretty good, after all.'" While reviewing The Singles Collection, Mayer Nissim of Digital Spy said that "the only arguable weak link is the Madonna-featuring 'Me Against The Music', but in this context what once looked like a respectful passing of the baton now seems like an unconditional surrender of pop Queendom to its rightful heir." David Browne of Entertainment Weekly called "Me Against the Music" "the album's coy, overly busy single". Dorian Lynskey of The Guardian noted it as "the only duff track" of the album. Jon Pareles of Rolling Stone wrote, "Madonna shows up in the album's first song, 'Me Against the Music', as if endorsing Spears's foray into come-hither posing and club-land beats."

Larry Flick from The Advocate denounced the track as an "'Into the Groove' redux". He added that the song "propels the listener into Spears' collaborations with heavy-hitting producers. There's nary a hint of her pristine pop past on Kelly's hip-grinding 'Outrageous' or Perry's 'Girls & Boys'. Instead Spears swims through dark, often hip-hop hued waters with occasional forays into minor keyed electro dance terrain." Ali Fenwick of The Johns Hopkins News-Letter said, "Despite bringing out the big guns in a duet with Madonna, 'Me Against The Music' is not danceable, the measure of success in any pop tune." Linda McGee of RTÉ.ie commented that although much of the content of In the Zone is "catchy", "it is hard to see any potential singles impressing as much as 'Me Against The Music'." Kelefa Sanneh of The New York Times deemed it as "an odd, overstuffed track, not so much a song as a series of party chants". Mim Udovitch of Blender called it "lackluster". While ranking Madonna's singles in honor of her 60th birthday, The Guardian's Jude Rogers placed the song at number 71, writing that "[Madonna] is usually better when she's striding alone. This duet with Britney is all raunch and no solid roots".

Commercial performance

On October 25, 2003, "Me Against the Music" debuted at number 50 on the Billboard Hot 100. It was Spears' 10th chart hit, as well as the first of her entries that she had co-written. "Me Against the Music" was incidentally Madonna's 50th chart entry, 20 years after her first appearance on the Hot 100 with "Holiday" the week of October 29, 1983. It was also the first song in chart history to credit Madonna as a featured artist, and her first chart entry not produced by her since "Love Don't Live Here Anymore" in 1996. On the issue dated November 29, 2003, "Me Against the Music" peaked at number 35. On the component charts, the song peaked at the top of Hot Dance Club Songs, becoming her first song to do so, and at number 11 on Pop Songs. It won the "Hot Dance Single of the Year" accolade at the 2004 Billboard Music Awards. In June 2012, Nielsen Soundscan reported that "Me Against the Music" sold 60,000 physical copies and 281,000 digital downloads in the US. "Me Against the Music" also peaked at number two on the Canadian Singles Chart.

In Australia, "Me Against the Music" debuted at number one on November 17, 2003, replacing Kylie Minogue's "Slow", and remained at the top for two weeks. It was certified platinum by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) for shipments of 70,000 units. On November 24, 2003, the song debuted at number 13 in New Zealand. "Me Against the Music" debuted in the United Kingdom at number two, on the week of November 16, 2003. It was blocked from ascending the top spot by Busted's "Crashed the Wedding". The song became Spears' most successful single since "I'm Not a Girl, Not Yet a Woman" in April 2002. According to the Official Charts Company, the song has sold 240,000 copies there. "Me Against the Music" also topped the Eurochart Hot 100 Singles chart for three consecutive weeks. The song topped the charts in Denmark, Hungary and Ireland; reached number two in Italy and Norway; the top five in Belgium (Flanders and Wallonia), Czech Republic, Finland, Sweden, Switzerland and the Netherlands. "Me Against the Music" also charted in the top 20 of Austria and France.

Development
The music video for "Me Against the Music" was filmed over three days in October 2003, at Silvercup Studios in Long Island City, New York. It was directed by Paul Hunter, who revealed that the concept was setting Spears and Madonna apart, hence Spears wore a black outfit whereas Madonna sported a white suit. Kevin Tancharoen was the choreographer of the video. The vehicle used in the video, a Mazda RX-8, was autographed by Spears on the hood and auctioned off to benefit the Britney Spears Foundation. In 2009, Hunter talked to MTV News about the video, saying, "Madonna is an icon of an earlier generation, and then Britney of the newer generation. She was at her peak at that point [...] So it was a challenge to kind of bring both of the worlds together. I wanted it to be a bit of a cat-and-mouse sort of game and a little bit of a foreplay between Britney and Madonna and just sort of tease the audience."

Synopsis
The video starts with Spears parking a silver Mazda RX-8 and going into a New York nightclub. She enters a wooden room populated with 'cool kids' flaunting pink and purple hair while taking whiffs from an oxygen tank. Madonna, who is in a room filled with men smoking cigars, observes her from television monitors throughout the club. She wears a white trouser suit and carries a cane, signifying a position of moneyed power. Her suit is also notably fitted, especially in the waistcoat, revealing Madonna's body to be female and not masculine. Although the areas are separated by a wall, Spears and Madonna sense their presences through extrasensory perception and dance in synchronicity. Julie Andsager in Sex in consumer culture (2006) noted that the video hints at a same-sex relationship between the two.

This is followed with Spears performing a dance routine inside a blacklight paint graffiti room, and the two women dancing around a metal bedframe. Spears then begins chasing Madonna in a wooden-like maze, and the latter enters a room covered with fallen leaves and stands in a swing. Once Spears finds the room, Madonna is nowhere to be found. Throughout the video, Madonna gradually loses her symbolic power, paralleled by her disposing the cane and jacket, becoming less phallic and more noticeably female biologically and more feminine socially. Although it ultimately seems that Spears becomes the dominant figure, Madonna recovers her phallic power in the form of a cigar from an onlooking male. Spears appears in Madonna's room and throws her against the wall, and Madonna vanishes just as they are about to kiss. The video ends as Madonna's laugh is heard in the background.

Release and reception
The video premiered on television on Making the Video on October 21, 2003, at 23:00 EDT. Its online premiere was on Yahoo! Music. It was viewed more than 2 million times in its first five days. The video reached number one on the AOL Music Top Video chart in November 2003, with 3,356,007 million streams. In January 2004, the video topped the same chart again with 1,198,920 million streams. Jocelyn Vena of MTV said, "It was the changing of the guard – or at least the meeting of two of the most influential pop musicians of all time. [...] The superstars tantalize the audience (and each other) throughout the flirty video."

Julie Andsager stated the 'fantasy-fulfillment' strategy of Spears continued with the Madonna kiss and the "Me Against the Music" video, but added that "she has, perhaps, taken her sexuality to its extreme – for network television, at least – at the age of 21". Laurenz Volkmann said that it showcases an entire range of different female roles between 'older' and 'younger' sign systems. Author Judith Ann Peraino commented, "In 1963, Judy Garland presented Barbra Streisand as her protégée as songstress and gay icon; in 2003, Madonna instated Spears as her protégée in same-sex erotica and icon of polymorphous sexuality."

Live performances and usage in media

Spears performed "Me Against the Music" for the first time at the 2003 NFL Kickoff Live on September 4, 2003, at the National Mall. She sported a shoulder-length blond wig and was dressed in black football pants, a black-and-white referee halter top and boots from Reebok. The performance segued into a medley of "...Baby One More Time" and "I'm a Slave 4 U", which included pyrotechnics. Her outfit was later auctioned off to benefit the Britney Spears Foundation. On September 14, 2003, Spears played a surprise concert at Rain Nightclub in the Palms Casino Resort, and "Me Against the Music" was the first song in the set. On October 18, 2003, the song was performed by Spears during the twenty-ninth season episode of Saturday Night Live hosted by Halle Berry. William Shaw of Blender stated, "Dancing and singing, Spears is in her element. She drips song-and-dance confidence. Within a few seconds, her shiny hat falls off, sending her blond hair everywhere, but Spears doesn't miss a step. When it comes to Madonna's verse, she can't help mouthing along to the words." Spears opened the 2003 American Music Awards telecast with a performance of "Me Against the Music". She floated down on a wire from the rafters in a gold overcoat, which she quickly shed to reveal a pink bustier, black vinyl thigh-high boots and black hot pants. She was accompanied by a troupe of brightly dressed faux punk rock dancers and a dizzying set that featured shooting flames, Vegas-style neon signs and a massive video screen.

It was also performed by Spears at Britney Spears: In the Zone, a concert special that aired in ABC on November 17, 2003. The following day, she performed on the American music show TRL at Times Square, wearing a fedora and her signature half-shirt. "Me Against the Music" was also performed on American late-night show The Tonight Show with Jay Leno and American morning show Live with Regis and Kelly on November 17 and 24, 2003. She performed the song as the headliner of the Jingle Ball on December 8, 2003, at the Staples Center. The Rishi Rich's Desi Kulcha Remix of "Me Against the Music" was performed as the encore number of 2004's The Onyx Hotel Tour. It began with a system malfunction where a female voice counted down as the screens sketched Spears's outline, which then rose to reveal her at the top of a staircase. Spears wore a red ensemble, an ended the performance on the staircase where the screen is lowered. She made her exit as a shower of confetti was shot towards the audience. "Me Against the Music" was also performed on 2009's The Circus Starring Britney Spears, in a Bollywood-inspired group dancing routine which included mudras. Spears wore green and gold harem pants ensemble. Jim Farber of Daily News said, "In a nod to trendiness, the shows included a mock-Bollywood dance sequence during 'Me Against The Music,' eagerly riding the 'Slumdog' gravy train." Spears performed the song during her Las Vegas residency show Britney: Piece of Me. During the performance, Spears is seen doing a dance routine with walls made of wood, which is a resemblance to the labyrinth scene from its music video.

Cover versions, samples and parodies

 * The music video was parodied during the 2003 French & Saunders Christmas special and on an episode of the American comedy show Mad TV.
 * French electronic music duo Justice released a remix of "Me Against the Music" in 2005, and reproduced the coda of the song in their 2007 single "D.A.N.C.E.".
 * A cover of the song by Helen is featured in the 2007 arcade game Dance Dance Revolution SuperNova 2, and in the 2008 arcade game Dance Dance Revolution X.
 * The song is not only covered but the music video was recreated on the 2010 American series Glee episode "Britney/Brittany". The characters of Brittany Pierce (Heather Morris) and Santana Lopez (Naya Rivera) are put under general anesthesia during a trip to the dentist's office. They share an hallucination, in which Morris appears as Spears, whereas Rivera plays Madonna. Morris explained, "The 'Me Against the Music' montage, it's literally copied exactly from the video, the shots and looks, but the choreography is made so much more for a dancer – none of it is from the video. [...] It's insane." At the end of the number, Spears replaces Santana and pins Brittany against the wall, announcing to her that she is in a fantasy. Spears applauded the cover, pointing out that it "looks just like the original," and adding, "Santana does a great Madonna impression." The song charted at number ninety-three in Australia, fifty-four in Canada and fifty-six in the United States.

Track listings

 * European CD single
 * 1) "Me Against the Music" (video mix) – 3:44
 * 2) "Me Against the Music" (Rishi Rich's Desi Kulcha remix) – 4:33

 * Australian CD maxi single 1 and Canadian CD maxi single
 * 1) "Me Against the Music" (video mix) – 3:44
 * 2) "Me Against the Music" (Peter Rauhofer radio mix) – 3:43
 * 3) "Me Against the Music" (The Mad Brit Mixshow) – 5:55

 * Australian CD maxi single 2
 * 1) "Me Against the Music" (Rishi Rich's Desi Kulcha remix) – 4:33
 * 2) "Me Against the Music" (Passengerz vs. the club mix) – 7:34
 * 3) "Me Against the Music" (Terminalhead vocal mix) – 7:07
 * 4) "Me Against the Music" (video mix instrumental) – 3:35

 * European and Japanese CD maxi single and UK 12-inch vinyl
 * 1) "Me Against the Music" (Video Mix) – 3:44
 * 2) "Me Against the Music" (Rishi Rich's Desi Kulcha remix) – 4:33
 * 3) "Me Against the Music" (Peter Rauhofer radio mix) – 3:43
 * 4) "Me Against the Music" (The Mad Brit Mixshow) – 5:55

 * US CD maxi single
 * 1) "Me Against the Music" (video mix) – 3:44
 * 2) "Me Against the Music" (The Trak Starz remix) – 3:31
 * 3) "Me Against the Music" (Gabriel & Dresden club mix) – 8:51
 * 4) "Me Against the Music" (Peter Rauhofer radio mix) – 3:43
 * 5) "Me Against the Music" (The Mad Brit Mixshow) – 5:55
 * 6) "Me Against the Music" (Bloodshy & Avant "Dubbie Style" remix) – 5:15
 * 7) "Me Against the Music" (Kanye West remix) – 3:43

 * European 3-track maxi single
 * 1) "Me Against the Music" (The Trak Starz remix) – 3:31
 * 2) "Me Against the Music" (Scott Storch remix) – 3:38
 * 3) "Me Against the Music" (Kanye West remix) – 3:43

 * 12-inch vinyl
 * 1) "Me Against the Music" (Rishi Rich's Desi Kulcha remix) – 4:33
 * 2) "Me Against the Music" (Rishi Rich's Desi Kulcha remix instrumental) – 4:33
 * 3) "Me Against the Music" (video mix) – 3:47
 * 4) "Me Against the Music" (video mix instrumental) – 3:47

 * European 12-inch vinyl (remixes)
 * 1) "Me Against the Music" (Peter Rauhofer's Electrohouse mix) – 8:17
 * 2) "Me Against the Music" (Passengerz vs. the club mix) – 7:34
 * 3) "Me Against the Music" (Gabriel & Dresden club mix) – 8:51
 * 4) "Me Against the Music" (The Mad Brit Mixshow) – 5:55

 * US 12-inch vinyl (remixes)
 * 1) "Me Against the Music" (Peter Rauhofer's Electrohouse mix) – 8:17
 * 2) "Me Against the Music" (The Mad Brit Mixshow) – 5:55
 * 3) "Me Against the Music" (Gabriel & Dresden club mix) – 8:51
 * 4) "Me Against the Music" (Rishi Rich's Punjabi club mix) – 5:34
 * 5) "Me Against the Music" (Peter Rauhofer's Electrohouse dub) – 6:49
 * 6) "Me Against the Music" (Passengerz vs. the club mix) – 7:34
 * 7) "Me Against the Music" (Gabriel & Dresden dub) – 7:14
 * 8) "Me Against the Music" (Terminalhead vocal mix) – 7:07

Credits and personnel
Credits are adapted from the liner notes of In the Zone.

Recording
 * Britney Spears' vocals recorded at Battery Studios, New York City; Triangle Sound Studios, Atlanta, Georgia
 * Madonna's vocals recorded at Olympic Studios, London
 * Mixed at MixStar Studios, Virginia Beach, Virginia, and at Olympic Studios, London

Personnel

 * Britney Spears – lead vocals, background vocals, songwriting, arranging
 * Madonna – lead vocals, songwriting
 * Penelope Magnet – songwriting, co-production, background vocals, arranging
 * C. "Tricky" Stewart – songwriting, arranging, programming, all other instruments
 * Thabiso Nikhereanye – songwriting
 * Terius Nash – songwriting
 * Gary O'Brien – songwriting, guitar
 * Trixster – producer
 * Steve Lunt – A&R, arranging
 * Brian "B-Luv" Thomas – recording, digital editing
 * Mark "Spike" Stent – vocal recording, mixing
 * Serban Ghenea – mixing
 * John Hanes – digital editing
 * P-Dub Walton – digital editing
 * Courtney Copeland – background vocals
 * Emma Roads – background vocals
 * Roxanne Estrada – background vocals
 * Charles McCrorey – engineering assistant
 * David Treahearn – engineering assistant
 * Rob Haggert – engineering assistant
 * Tim Roberts – engineering assistant

title: Me Against the Music


text:
Apple O'

Apple O' is the fifth studio album by the indie rock band Deerhoof. It was released in 2003 on Kill Rock Stars and 5 Rue Christine, an offshoot of Kill Rock Stars. The album is the group's first with guitarist Chris Cohen.

The 2013 LP version of the album contains a modified track listing.

Composition
The musical style of Apple O'  is seen as experimental noise pop. However, it has also been noted for having more in common with a "typical jangly" indie pop album.

Bebop, dance, 1950s doo-wop, jangle pop, and jazz sounds all show up across the album as well.

Critical reception
The record was released to positive assessments from music critics. Eric Carr for Pitchfork applauded it, calling it "a fascinating trip" and positively noted its "intense variety and sparklingly consistent pop songwriting". It received the website's "Best New Music" accolade.

Track listing
Songwriting credits are adapted from Bandcamp.

Personnel
Deerhoof
 * Chris Cohen – guitar
 * John Dieterich – guitar
 * Satomi Matsuzaki – bass guitar and vocals
 * Greg Saunier – drums and vocals

title: Apple O'


text:
Derrick Strait

Derrick Lee Strait (born August 27, 1980) is a former American college and professional football player who was a cornerback in the National Football League (NFL) for three seasons during the early 2000s. He played college football for the University of Oklahoma, and was recognized as a unanimous All-American. The New York Jets chose him in the third round of the 2004 NFL Draft, and he also played professionally for the Chicago Bears and Carolina Panthers of the NFL.

Early life
Strait was born in Austin, Texas. He attended Lanier High School in Austin, playing football for coach and former University of Texas player Wade Johnson. While in high school, Strait was selected to the Texas Top 100 by the Houston Chronicle and a Max Emfinger National Top 500 selection. Strait saw action as a quarterback, defensive back and running back during his senior season, where he rushed for 1,439 yards and 17 touchdowns, recording eight runs of 20 or more yards, including one of 81 yards and also threw three touchdowns. He also had, 118 tackles (52 solos), one quarterback sack, two forced fumbles, four fumble recoveries, 11 pass deflections and two interceptions on defense. He returned one fumble 42 yards for a touchdown. Strait combined for more than 1,500 yards as a junior (790 passing and 712 rushing). He was an All-District standout as well as being selected to the All-CenTex team.

College career
Strait received an athletic scholarship to attend the University of Oklahoma, and played for coach Bob Stoops's Oklahoma Sooners football team from 2000 to 2003. He was a starter at the cornerback position all four years. Derrick was a two-time All-American, recipient of the 2003 Bronko Nagurski Trophy, and the 2003 Jim Thorpe Award after his senior season. He holds a team record with five fumble recoveries in a single season. He was named to the Sports Illustrated All-Decade Team in 2009.

Freshman (2000)
In 2000, Strait was selected as the Big 12 Conference Defensive Newcomer of the Year by the Associated Press, Freshman All-America selection by The Sporting News, a third-team All-Big 12 selection by the Big 12 Coaches. Strait started every game at right cornerback and finished his first season fourth in tackles with 62. He also recorded five tackles for loss, two sacks and 15 pass deflections. He recorded the second most deflections on the team and fourth most for an Oklahoma defensive back in a single season. Strait recorded one of his biggest deflections late in the Oklahoma State game when he broke up a pass in the end zone on fourth and goal, which helped Oklahoma secure the victory. Strait also had another key breakup in the Orange Bowl against Florida State, with he deflected a possible touchdown pass in the fourth quarter, he also had five tackles in the game. Strait had a pair of interceptions, including a third quarter pick against Nebraska which he returned 32 yards for a touchdown, he was also one of five Sooners to return an interception for a touchdown. He recorded a career-high 10 tackles against Texas. He also recorded five tackles, two tackles for loss and one sack a week later at Kansas State. Strait also had seven tackles and an interception in the final home game of the year against Texas Tech.

Sophomore (2001)
In 2001, Strait was an All-Big 12 Second-team selection by the Associated Press. He was also an All-Big 12 Honorable Mention selection by the Big 12 Coaches. Strait emerged as one of the better cover corners in the country. He recorded a season high nine tackles at Nebraska. Strait had at least three tackles in 11 of the 12 regular season games. Strait had eight tackles against Texas. He returned an interception 47 yards for a touchdown in the season opener against North Carolina, cutting across the field in almost an exact replay of his TD against Nebraska the previous year. Strait did however give up the winning touchdown in the 2001 Bedlam Series against Oklahoma State to Rashaun Woods, unable to perform his game-saving magic of a year ago.

Junior (2002)
In 2002, Strait was a Jim Thorpe Award semifinalist, consensus All-Big 12 first-team. He started every game at cornerback. He tied for the team lead with six interceptions, the No. 10 total in school history, and set a school record for return yards in a season by taking his six interceptions back for 175 yards. Strait had two interceptions at Baylor which he returned for a school record 127 yards, one for a 75-yard touchdown. Strait had a total of 175 interception return yards for the season rank third on the team. Strait had a season high eight tackles at Texas A&M.

Senior (2003)
Following his 2003 senior season, Strait won the Bronko Nagurski Trophy, and the Jim Thorpe Award, and was recognized as a unanimous first-team All-American.

On February 9, 2004, state senator Debbe Leftwich, praised Strait on the Oklahoma Senate floor when she presented him with Senate Resolution 36.

National Football League
Strait was selected with the 13th pick in the third round of the 2004 NFL Draft by the New York Jets. After spending two seasons primarily as a backup defensive back, Strait was traded to the Cleveland Browns on August 14, 2006, for running back Lee Suggs. Suggs, however, failed his physical, and both he and Strait returned to their respective teams. On October 11, 2006, he was claimed off waivers by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, but was released a week later. On November 8, 2006, he was claimed off waivers by the Chicago Bears. On December 9, 2006, he was released by the Bears. On December 11, 2006, he was claimed off waivers by the Carolina Panthers. On September 1, 2007, he did not make the final cut down, and was released by the Panthers.

Arena Football League
In 2008, Strait joined the Columbus Destroyers of the Arena Football League. However, he was waived on February 13.

Canadian Football League
On March 4, 2008, Strait signed with the Edmonton Eskimos.

On March 6, 2009, he was signed by the Winnipeg Blue Bombers but was released at the beginning of training camp.

Coaching career
In March 2012, he began his college coaching career as a graduate assistant for his alma mater, the University of Oklahoma, under head coach Bob Stoops.

title: Derrick Strait


text:
Wakefield High School (Raleigh, North Carolina)

Wakefield High School is a Wake County public high school located in Raleigh, North Carolina. The school is adjacent to Wakefield Elementary and Wakefield Middle schools.

History
Wakefield High School's building was completed and opened in 1999. For the 1999–2000 school year, the building was occupied by students from Sanderson High School, while their school was under renovation. For that school year, the name of the school was Sanderson High School at Wakefield. In 2000, Wakefield students inhabited the building for the first official school year of Wakefield High.

Schedule
The school year at Wakefield High School starts in late August and ends in early June. The class schedule, commonly referred to as "block scheduling", has four different classes each semester, each block being approximately ninety minutes long. This completes a course in one semester instead of one year and provides four new classes in the second semester. Students take exams in mid-January and again in early June.

In the 2009–2010 school year, a different type of lunch block was created called "SMART" lunch. Instead of multiple 30-minute lunch blocks, a single 55-minute block between blocks 3 and 4 was established where all students and staff would eat lunch together, unless the student had an off-campus pass they wished to use. Many school clubs were held during the lunch block, along with teacher help sessions. This "SMART" lunch was removed about 5 years later in October 2016 by then principal Malik Bazzell, who said that "only nine percent of the students actually utilized SMART lunch on a daily basis and 91 percent were out and about doing whatever." This decision by the principal was opposed by many of the students and some teachers, especially those who utilized the time. While there was a small overlap at the beginning of the 2016–2017 school year, a new 35-minute block called "Pride Time" was created primarily to replace SMART lunch. "Pride Time" was similar in many ways to SMART lunch, with the main difference being a shorter block time and comparatively less freedom over movement. Students who had a grade point average lower than 75 were required to go to receive extra help during Pride Time in any classes they may have been struggling in. Pride Time would also later be removed for various reasons in the 2021–2022 school year, and no substitute for this time would be made.

As of the 2023–2024 school year, Wakefield High School offers the following 18 Advanced Placement (AP) courses for: Biology, Calculus AB, Calculus BC, Chemistry, Computer Science A, Computer Science Principles, English Language and Composition, English Literature and Composition, Environmental Science, Government and Politics, Human Geography, Physics I, Psychology, Statistics, Studio Art-Drawing, Studio Art-2D, Studio Arts-3D, and United States History.

Athletics
Wakefield's students compete in the NCHSAA 4-AA classification in the CAP-7 conference. Wakefield's biggest rivalry in sports is with the cross-town Wake Forest Cougars, Heritage Huskies, and Millbrook Wildcats.

As of the 2023–2024 school year, Wakefield High School offers the following 22 athletic programs for the fall, winter, and spring seasons:

Fall Sports: Cheer, Cross Country, Football, Women's Golf, Men's Soccer, Women's Tennis, and Volleyball

Winter Sports: Men's Basketball, Women's Basketball, Men's Indoor Track, Women's Indoor Track, Swimming & Diving, Men's Swimming & Diving, Women's Swimming & Diving, Wrestling, Men's Wrestling, and Women's Wrestling

Spring Sports: Baseball, Women's Basketball, Men's Golf, Men's Lacrosse, Women's Lacrosse, Women's Soccer, Softball, Men's Tennis, Men's Outdoor Track, and Women's Outdoor Track

Clubs and organizations
As of the 2023–2024 school year, Wakefield High offers the following 47 clubs and organizations: African Student Association, American Sign Language Club, Asian Culture Club, Best Buddies, Beta Club, Black Student Union, Book and Literacy Club, Cancer Awareness Club, Chick-Fil-A Leadership Academy, Debate Club, DECA (Distributive Education Clubs of America), Drama Club, Dungeons & Dragons, Eats and Treats Baking Club, FBLA (Future Business Leaders of America), FCA (Fellowship of Christian Athletes), FCCLA (Family, Career and Community Leaders of America), FFA (Future Farmers of America), Forces of Nature, French Club, German Club, International Thespian Honor Society, Jewish Student Union, Key Club, Latin Club, Latin Student Union, Letters of Sunshine Club, LGBTQ Pride Club, Mindfulness Club, Mu Alpha Theta, Muslim Students Association, National Achievers Society, National Art Honor Society, National English Honor Society, National Honor Society, National Technical Honor Society, Newspaper Club (The Howler), Pickleball Club, Red Cross Club, Rho Kappa National Social Studies Honor Society, Science National Honor Society, Science Olympiad, Spanish Honor Society, Student Council, UNICEF Club, Wackos, Yearbook Club, and Zine.

The school's student newspaper, The Howler, includes open student forums, opinion articles, students' life articles, and a "Fri-Yay" blog among other media. The mission of The Howler is to provide unbiased and accurate news coverage to the students and faculty at Wakefield and to the surrounding community. The Howler won the North Carolina Scholastic Media Association's award for excellence in journalism in 2016, 2019, 2021, and 2022.

Wakefield Theatre Company
The school's theater program was founded at the same time as the school in 2000. The program was established to teach students about the performing arts and to provide multiple opportunities for students to view each other's dramatic work. On average, Wakefield Theatre Company holds somewhere between four and eight plays a year. The program also organizes the school's Drama Club meetings.

Statistics (2021–2022 school year)

 * Wakefield High School has 2,151 students; composed of 1,155 males and 996 females.
 * As for student demographics; 44% of the students are White, 30% are Black, 18% are Hispanic, 5% are Asian, 3% are two or more races, <1% are American Indian/ Alaskan Native, and <1% are Native Hawaiian/ Pacific Islander. 20% of students are eligible to receive free or reduced-price lunches.
 * There are 645 Freshmen, 549 Sophomores, 488 Juniors, and 469 Seniors that are registered as students.
 * The student teacher ratio is approximately 19:1.

Notable alumni

 * Darius Johnson-Odom, NBA player
 * Doug Polk, professional poker player
 * Justin Hughes, former professional soccer player
 * Justin Willis, former professional soccer player
 * T. J. Graham, NFL wide receiver
 * Shawnti Jackson, American Sprinter
 * Tim Adleman, former MLB pitcher for the Cincinnati Reds
 * Tye Smith, NFL cornerback


text:
Xi Kappa

Xi Kappa Inc. (ΞΚ, also known as XK) is established as the first Asian-interest fraternity in the Southeast United States. Xi Kappa has grown to represent 4 collegiate schools in the U.S.

The Beginning
The “Xi Kappa” tradition was created out of a desire for a difference within the Southern philosophy of “Dixie.” Xi Kappa Founder, Jason Dunn joined forces with 8 other Asian students at the University of Georgia in 1997, to start a Greek-based organization for Asian students in the Southeast. Together, the “Xi Kappa Asian-Interest Fraternity”, was formed.

Chapters
These are the chapters of Xi Kappa. Active chapters noted in bold, inactive chapters noted in italics.

title: Xi Kappa


text: User talk:68.85.250.227

title: User talk:68.85.250.227


text:
Wikipedia:Goings-on/May 29, 2005

Welcome to Wikipedia's goings-on. This page is a central point for community members to collect current information about the community project and to report on recent goings-on. In a sense, it's an announcement page, but it is supposed to collect even those kinds of information that are normally not announced on pages like Announcements (e.g. arbitration progress, outspoken newcomers, amusing things, etc.). However, please notice that this page is explicitly not for discussion. When listing topics here that are being discussed or have been discussed, please link to the appropriate discussion page and discuss it there. For a project-wide update of events, see the Meta goings-on. For Votes see Current surveys.

This page is archived in a weekly digest-like fashion, every Sunday at 0:00 UTC.

{| cellspacing=3 width="100%"
 * bgcolor="#fffff6" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;padding-left:1em;"|

Goings-on in the week starting Sunday May 29 2005

 * Requests for arbitration/RFC - The arbitration committee is looking for community feedback in this requests for comment.
 * Vote on the Wikijunior project's name.
 * Issue 21 of The Wikipedia Signpost is published.

Current live Collaborations of the Week
 * bgcolor="#fffff6" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;padding-left:1em;"|
 * bgcolor="#fffff6" colspan="2" style="border: 1px solid black;padding-left:1em;"|
 * General: Roaring Twenties
 * Article Improvement Drive: Social Justice and Choctaw language
 * Australian: Snowy Mountains Scheme
 * Canadian: Rick Hansen
 * Indian: Indian Railways
 * United Kingdom: Human rights in the United Kingdom
 * Spanish translation: Icod de los Vinos, from es:Icod de los Vinos
 * Gaming: Mega Man
 * Cricket: Laws of cricket
 * Wikimedia: Help pages
 * - valign="top"
 * bgcolor="#fffff6" style="border: 1px solid black;padding-left:1em;"|

Articles featured on the Main Page
 * Use of poison gas in World War I (May 29)
 * Dawson's Creek (May 30)
 * Welding (May 31)
 * Spring Heeled Jack (June 1)
 * Technetium (June 2)
 * Steve Dalkowski (June 3)
 * Papal Tiara (June 4)

 * bgcolor="#fffff6" style="border: 1px solid black;padding-left:1em;"|

Articles that gained "featured" status
 * Polish September Campaign (May 29)
 * The Brothers Karamazov (May 29)
 * Gbe languages (May 29)
 * Blitzkrieg (June 2)
 * Windows 2000 (June 2)
 * Sudoku (June 2)
 * Robert A. Heinlein (June 2)
 * Swedish language (June 2)
 * Our Gang (June 2)

Lists that gained "featured" status
 * List of North American birds (June 1)
 * List of popes (June 2)

Pictures that gained "featured" status
 * Insect anatomy (June 1)
 * Bottlenose dolphin (June 1)
 * Wildfire (June 4)
 * Clivia miniata (June 4)
 * Succulent aloe (June 4)
 * }

title: Wikipedia:Goings-on/May 29, 2005


text:
Samuel M. Lambert

Samuel M. Lambert (March 10, 1913 – April 9, 1991) was an American labor leader who served as executive secretary of the National Education Association during the Richard Nixon administration. Due to the political power wielded by the group, as well as their opposition to federal funding for parochial schools, Lambert was placed on Nixon's Enemies List.

Early life and education
Lambert, a native of Canebrake, West Virginia, was born on March 10, 1913. He grew up in Bluefield, West Virginia.

Lambert graduated from West Virginia University, where he also received a master's degree before obtaining his doctorate at George Washington University.

Career
Prior to joining the National Education Association, Lambert taught high school mathematics and social studies in Bluefield, West Virginia. He also served as director of research and planning of the West Virginia Education Association.

Lambert worked for the National Education Association for 22 years. He began serving as assistant research director in 1950, research director in 1956, and assistant executive secretary in 1965. He served as executive secretary of the organization from 1967 until his retirement in 1972.

Personal life and death
Lambert was married to Juanita Bates and had two daughters. He was a member of the Classroom Teachers Association, the American Association of School Administrators, the National Association of State Educators, and the National Association of Elementary School Principals.

Lambert died of cancer at the age of 78 at his home in Washington, D.C., on April 9, 1991.

title: Samuel M. Lambert


text:
Category:Thai martial arts

Martial arts from Thailand.

title: Category:Thai martial arts


text: Template:Infobox animanga/Footer

title: Template:Infobox animanga/Footer


text: Category:Civil Air Patrol

title: Category:Civil Air Patrol


text:
Katchalsky (crater)

Katchalsky is a crater that lies on the far side of the Moon. It was named after scientist Aharon Katzir-Katchalsky. It lies to the southeast of the larger crater Lobachevskiy, and to the west of the prominent King. Less than a half-crater diameter to the southeast of Katchalsky is Viviani.

The outer rim of Katchalsky is not quite circular, with outward bulges to the east and north, giving it a flat side along the northeastern edge. The rim is not markedly eroded, and the interior contains only a few tiny craterlets.

title: Katchalsky (crater)


text:
Abdul Hadi Palazzi

Abdul Hadi Palazzi (شيخ عبد الهادي بالاتسي), legally named Massimo Palazzi (born 24 January 1961) is the secretary general of the Italian Muslim Assembly, and the Khalifah for Europe of the Qadiri Sufi Order. Controversially in Muslim circles,, he not only supported Israel's right to exist but also encouraged Jews to re-settle in Hebron.

Biography
Palazzi was born in Rome, Italy to an Italian Catholic father who converted to Sunni Islam and a Sunni Muslim mother of Syrian descent. After completing his secular and religious education in Rome and Cairo in 1987, he served as an Imam for the Italian Islamic Community. In addition to numerous master's degrees, Palazzi holds a Ph.D. in Islamic Sciences from the Institute for Islamic Studies and Research in Naples.

He was appointed a member of the board of directors of the Italian Muslim Association in 1989, and is now the secretary general of the Sunni Muslim Organization: Italian Muslim Assembly Since 1991, he is a director of the Cultural Institute of the Italian Islamic Community, with a program based on the development of Islamic education in Italy, refutation of fundamentalism and fanaticism, and deep involvement in inter-religious dialogue, especially with Jews and Christians, but also with Buddhists and others.

In 1997, Palazzi joined the International Council of the Root and Branch Association and his essay entitled "The Jewish-Moslem Dialogue and the Question of Jerusalem" was published by the Institute of the World Jewish Congress.

He has also been a lecturer in the Department of the History of Religion at the Università della Terza Età in Velletri, near Rome.

In 1998, Palazzi and Asher Eder (Jerusalem) co-founded the Islam-Israel Fellowship, promoting a positive Muslim attitude towards Jews and Israel based on what Palazzi believes are the authentic teachings of Muhammad as expressed in the Qur'an and the Hadith. Palazzi serves as Muslim co-chairman of the Fellowship. Eder serves as the Jewish co-chairman.

In December 2009, Palazzi visited Israel. He met with members of the Jewish community of Hebron including Noam Arnon and David Wilder and expressed sympathy for the Jewish residents. He stated that both Muslims and Jews are descendants of Abraham, who is buried at the Cave of Machpela in Hebron. He blamed "an extremist interpretation of Islam" as a source of conflict.

Views on Israel
Palazzi accepts Israel's sovereignty over the Holy Land, and says the Qur'an supports it as the will of God as a necessary prerequisite for the Final Judgment. He accepts Israel's sovereignty over Jerusalem, if the rights of other religions are protected. He quotes the Qur'an to support Judaism's special connection to the Temple Mount. According to Palazzi, "The most authoritative Islamic sources affirm the Temples,". He adds that Jerusalem is sacred to Muslims because of its prior holiness to Jews and its standing as home to the biblical prophets and kings David and Solomon, all of whom he says are sacred figures also in Islam. He claims that the Qur'an "expressly recognizes that Jerusalem plays the same role for Jews that Mecca has for Muslims".

When asked whether he see himself as a "Muslim Zionist", he replied: "If one means a Muslim who supports the right of the Jewish people to have their own independent and sovereign State, who is solidly behind the State of Israel when it is attacked by terror and when its existence in menaced, who thinks that developing friendly relations between the Muslim nations and the State of Israel is in the interest of the Muslims and of human civilization in general, then I think that the label of Muslim Zionist is appropriate.

When asked what the Qur'an says about the State of Israel, Palazzi replied: "'The Qur'an cannot deal with the State of Israel as we know it today, since that State came into existing in 1948 only, i.e., many centuries after the Qur'an itself was revealed. However, the Qur'an specifies that the Land of Israel is the homeland of the Jewish people, that God Himself gave that Land to them as heritage and ordered them to live therein. It also announces that—before the end of the time—the Jewish people will come from many different countries to retake possession of that heritage of theirs. Whoever denies this actually denies the Qur'an itself. If he is not a scholar, and in good faith believes what other people say about this issue, he is an ignorant Muslim. If, on the contrary, he is informed about what the Qur'an says and openly opposes it, he ceases to be a Muslim."

According to scholar Dina Lisnyansky, Palazzi "created his own niche. Being born into an immigrant family, he combined the democratic rights of western Europe with a love for Islam," but added his Zionist mission. As a result, "he is a radical too, but not on the radicals’ side. He is fighting everything that political Islam promotes." She explains, "One of the reasons why he is not on some blacklist in Iran is the fact that he, unlike Rushdie, has never said a negative word about Islam. To extremist interpreters of the Qur’an he doesn’t say ‘you are wrong.’ He would only say: ‘You got something wrong.’ His mission, therefore, is clearly not about reinventing Islam; it is about correcting the perspective."

Views on the Arab-Israeli peace process
Palazzi opposes the US-backed roadmap for peace on the grounds that it rewards Palestinian terrorism. He argues against calls for jihad against Israel and says there is no religious demand for Israel to give up control over Muslim holy places.

Views on Salafism
In Palazzi's view, Islam has been "hijacked" by the Salafist movement in Saudi Arabia, a "radical" reformist movement which denies the moderate understanding of the Qur'an and has taken control of Mecca and Medina. He says that oil money made a primitive and violent culture powerful on a global scale. And now, "they are reshaping Islam in accordance with their political issues."

Publications

 * What the Qur'an Really Says at templemount.org, undated
 * The Islamists Have it Wrong Middle East Quarterly, Summer 2001, pp. 3–12
 * Wahhabism, the Saudi Arabia-based puritanical heresy at the base of Islamism at eretzyisroel.org, June 2, 2002

title: Abdul Hadi Palazzi


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Gurl

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was - deleted - SimonP 02:20, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)

Gurl
At best transwiki to Wiktionary. Eixo 05:01, 29 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Girl. --Sn0wflake 07:40, 29 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. POV essay. Phil s 10:21, 29 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete for too many reasons reasons to mention --Doc (?) 14:43, 29 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Why not simply redirect? Gurl is a common spelling of girl, and is only logical to redirect! --Sn0wflake 16:01, 29 May 2005 (UTC)

 * L33tspeak. -- BD2412  talk  21:01, 2005 May 29 (UTC)
 * Delete. Too lame to be worth a redirect. Haikupoet 00:26, 31 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Girl. JamesBurns 07:21, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete so this won't stay in the history! redirect could always be recreated. Grue 10:22, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * delete and only then redirect and only if you really have to. Mozzerati 19:57, 2005 Jun 4 (UTC)
 * Delete This article is pointless and has no real value. Spacedude 02:33, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Girl. Harpalus 05:42, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC) As stated before, pointless article, based on a term not commonly used. Unknown usage, biased POV standpoint, (such as the negative connotations towards modern punk bands, and the statement "Males of all ages should stay away from gurls at all times.". Editing is completely pointless, as that is essentially the entire article. Redirect recommended.

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Gurl


text: User talk:69.234.196.58

title: User talk:69.234.196.58


text:
Payback

Payback may refer to:

 * Revenge, a harmful action against a person or group in response to a grievance

Payback may also refer to:

Fictional entities

 * Payback, a member of the fictional comics superhero team Shadow Cabinet by DC Comics
 * Payback, a fictional character in the Marvel Comics series True Believers
 * Payback, a fictional team of superheroes from TV series The Boys led by Soldier Boy

Film

 * Payback (1991 film), a film starring Michael Ironside
 * Payback (1995 film), a thriller starring C. Thomas Howell
 * Payback (1997 film), a television film starring Mary Tyler Moore
 * Payback (1999 film), a film starring Mel Gibson; a remake of the 1967 film Point Blank starring Lee Marvin
 * Payback (2010 film), an Indian Hindi thriller film
 * Payback (2012 film), a Canadian documentary film

Literature

 * "Payback: A Strandville Prequel Short (Max Reid's Story)" (2012), a short story in Belinda Frisch's Strandville zombie novel series
 * Payback: Debt and the Shadow Side of Wealth, a 2008 book by Margaret Atwood
 * Payback, a 2007 novel by James Heneghan
 * Payback: The Conspiracy to Destroy Michael Milken and his Financial Revolution, a 1995 book by Daniel Fischel

Music

 * Payback Records, an Australian record company

Albums

 * Payback (album), a 2012 album by Danny!, or the title song
 * The Payback, a 1974 album by James Brown, or the title song (see below)

Songs

 * "Payback" (Flaw song), 2001
 * "Payback" (Rascal Flatts song), 2014
 * "The Payback" (song), by James Brown, 1973
 * "Payback", by Bobby Sheen, 1973
 * "Payback", by Juicy J, Kevin Gates, Future and Sage the Gemini from Furious 7: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack, 2015
 * "Payback", by Montell Jordan from This Is How We Do It, 1995
 * "Payback", by Quarashi from Guerilla Disco, 2004
 * "Payback", by Slayer from God Hates Us All, 2001

Series

 * Payback (American TV series), a 2006 reality show
 * Payback (South Korean TV series), a 2023 television series
 * Payback (British TV series), a 2023 TV series executive produced by Jed Mercurio
 * WWE Payback, an annual professional wrestling pay-per-view event

Episodes

 * "Payback" (The Boys), 2022
 * "Payback" (Brandy & Mr. Whiskers), 2005
 * "Payback" (Brooklyn Nine-Nine), 2015
 * "Payback" (CSI: Miami), 2005
 * "Payback" (Law & Order: Special Victims Unit), 1999
 * "Payback" (Miami Vice), 1986
 * "Payback" (Third Watch), 2003
 * "Payback" (White Collar), 2011
 * "Payback", an episode of True Justice, 2011

Video games

 * Payback (video game), a 2001 game developed by Apex Designs
 * Soldier of Fortune: Payback, the third installment in the Soldier of Fortune (SOF) series
 * Need for Speed: Payback

Other uses

 * Payback period, the period of time required for the return on an investment
 * Payback Press, a defunct specialist imprint of Canongate Books
 * Operation Payback, an ongoing operation by the hacking group Anonymous

title: Payback


text:
Kearons (crater)

Kearons is a small lunar impact crater that is located on the far side of the Moon, to the northwest of the Mare Orientale impact basin, in the outer skirt of ejecta that surrounds the Montes Cordillera range. It is a relatively isolated crater, possibly because any nearby features have been buried under the ejecta. Some distance to the south is the crater Lewis, and to the north-northeast lies Grachev.

The rim of this crater forms a rounded polygon, with a sharp edge that has a small craterlet across the northwestern side. The inner wall and interior floor are relatively featureless. About a crater diameter to the southwest of Kearons is a smaller crater that has a modest ray system, with rays extending to the north, south, and southwest for up to 100 km.

This crater is named after William M. Kearons (1878-August 13, 1948), an American amateur astronomer who was notable for his photographs of the Sun. He was a minister at the Saint Lukes Episcopal Church in Fall River, Massachusetts.

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Kearons.

title: Kearons (crater)