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Talk:Number Twelve, Grimmauld Place

The House
I re-added the lines on the possibility of the house being a town mansion - the text itself does not make reference to adjoining walls, but rather just says that the houses on either side move out of the way. I also added a section on the possibility that Arcturus may have remained in the house until 1991 and that it's still a bit of a bone of contention. I also restored the more neutral phrasing regarding ownership of the house to the text bloc. Party on. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Starryeyedguy (talk • contribs) 17:14, 16 January 2007 (UTC).

Kreacher
Does Kreacher still count as a permanent resident? Sonic Mew | talk to me 19:41, July 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * Point. I'll add a note of that.

White sheep
It eventually passed into the hands of Sirius, the "white sheep" - I get the joke, but is it a good idea? Slobo 11:35, 3 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Why wouldn't it be? "White sheep" is an existing term for the opposite of a black sheep. --Kizor 14:58, 8 October 2005 (UTC)
 * I'm sorry, I didn't see that. My fault. Slobo 15:05, 8 October 2005 (UTC)

The Street
Grimmauld Place is the name of the street that Number 12 is on. The house itself is NOT called Grimmauld Place, or Dumbledore would have only written "Grimmauld Place, London" on the piece of paper. The name of the house is, like Number 4 (Privet Drive), Number 12.

I'm going to take it upon myself to reflect this. PantherFoxie 17:21, 16 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, even I thought of the same thing. The title of the article should be Number 12 (or 12), Grimmauld Place, London (well london may be optional...) Jam2k 09:54, 7 December 2005 (UTC)

M'daughter (not named Merope) noticed that "Grimmauld" sounds like Grimaldi, the name of the wealthy, hereditary ruling family of Monaco.

There was infact a poet by the name of Nicholas Grimald (who also spelled it "Grimoald"). Perhaps his name gave part of the inspiration. Gruesome Pet 18:15, 27 March 2007

Owner
In the code it shows Harry as the owner, but this isn't shown on the page, can someone sort it? Gary Kirk 16:17, 1 December 2005 (UTC)
 * The current template doesn't have provisions for the "owner" variable to be used, so therefore it isn't displayed. I'm going to leave the "owner" definition in there for now, to allow for the potential future expansion of the HP Place template, though I have no real objections if someone else chooses to remove it from the code. --Deathphoenix 18:30, 1 December 2005 (UTC)

Outside appearance
The article says that the house appears small to Muggles. I didn't think anyone could see it at all because of the Fidelius Charm. I thought that the house was not visible at all until Harry read the note from Dumbledore. Can someone point out to me where in the OotP it says that the house appears small to Muggles?

And while I'm mentioning the Fidelius Charm, I don't understand the reasoning of the third sentence below:
 * "After Dumbledore's death, the Fidelius spell may have broken. Unless a new Secret-Keeper is installed by the Order, Grimmauld Place could be again uncovered. This is, however, unlikely, seeing as Snape used the Fidelius spell as a excuse for not being able to reveal the location of OotP Headquarters to Voldemort."

Snape used the Fidelius Charm as a reason before Dumbledore was killed, so that doesn't indicate that the Charm would continue to work after his death.

I'd like to change these two sections, unless someone can help me understand the reasoning behind them. Thanks! Kam Tonnes 00:38, 15 December 2005 (UTC)

 * As revealed yesterday by JK Rowling at http://www.jkrowling.com/textonly/en/faq_poll.cfm when a secret keeper dies, the secret dies with them. So I edited this section to include this. However, I do not know how to include footnotes, so if someone can please add the footnote with the link directing it to the proper page. Billvoltage 01:12, 23 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Everyone who they told still knows, and because the Fidelius Charm is no longer, the people who know are now able to tell others. Thus the house is less than "forever safe". Noneofyourbusiness 13:05, 9 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Actually, that's not true. Only the secret-keeper can reveal the secret behind a Fidelius charm, and the charm is still in effect even though the secret-keeper is now deceased. Therefore, the secret cannot be revealed by anyone and only the people who currently know the location of 12 Grimmauld Place will be able to find it. Jwkpiano1 18:38, 25 July 2006 (UTC)

Re the house appearing small to muggles - if they'd been able to see it before the fidelius charm, I'm not saying taht it would have appeared small and modest to muggles, but the chances of there being a relatively opulent house, let alone mansion in that area of London (especially if it's also slightly east of King's Cross - the area is not a pleasant one and still looks like a slum in places) are small, as things tend to get vandalised, windows broken etc etc quite a lot. If it is a mansion or something, then it's unlikely to looklike it from the outside. Starryeyedguy 22/10/06

Knight Bus?
How was Hermione able to take the Knight Bus to 12 Grimauld Place? She couldn't have told the location to Stan Shunpike, because she was not Secret-Keeper. ---Ransom (--69.111.109.108 00:27, 26 November 2006 (UTC))

Simple! all Hermione would have to do is take the Knight Bus to Number 11 and walk next door-User:Booksbooksbooks

Numbering
In book 7, it's mentioned in passing that the neighbors on Grimmauld Place had gotten used the idea of the odd house numbering that left number 12 missing between number 11 and number 13. However, isn't it very rare in England not to put odd and even houses on different sides of the street? Is this mentioned in any of the other books? --85.24.240.247 19:25, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

 * This isn't really the place to discuss stuff like that (try one of the fan sites), but it isn't at all unknown for street numbering in England to be sequential. For instance some streets might have all houses on one side numbered from 1-40 and on the other side numbered from 41-80, in the opposite direction.  Another example might be in a square overlooking a small park, of the kind that is particularly common in Kensington and Chelsea.  The house doors might for instance be numbered in a clockwise or anticlockwise direction, because the other side of the street would have only the fence of the park.

 * However it's quite true that the alternating number scheme is by far the commonest. --Tony Sidaway 20:04, 5 August 2007 (UTC)

More then four floors
I think there must be more then four floors. We know that Sirius's mothers bedroom is on at least the third floor, because it is above the 1st floor as sirius says in book five that he keeps buckbeak in his mothers bedroom upstairs, and later on in book five when harry is in the room with buckbeak, and Hermione came back from holiday, he "went back to the second floor" so he must have been on a higher floor then the second floor. Further more, in hp7, harry walks to the top floor, which "only contained two rooms" neither of which were Sirius' mothers room. Sothere must be 5 floors if not more, including attic and basement. Also, the buckbeak could not have been moved between pages 95 and 440 of hp5 because harry "retreated further upstairs" to buckbeaks room "where he had been hiding"

Ben 1220 08:40, 27 August 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Number Twelve, Grimmauld Place


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The Force of Reason

The Force of Reason (La forza della ragione) is a 2004 book by Oriana Fallaci. The book is a follow-up to The Rage and the Pride, aimed at her public critics, accusations of racism, and the lawsuits and death-threats launched against her. The book became a bestseller, selling 800,000 copies in Italy alone.

Content
In the book, Fallaci states that Islam "presents a threat to the very existence of Western civilization, of conscience, of toleration, of liberalism–a message which is summed up in an epigram she quotes from the 18th century philosophe Diderot: “Islam is the enemy of Reason.”" She also compares herself to the enlightened Florentine scholar, Mastro Cecco, who in 1327 ran afoul of the local authorities and was then turned over to the Inquisition whereafter he was "tortured, and asked to recant his ideas, but because he cannot declare false what he believes to be true, he is condemned to be burnt alive in the public square, along with all his books and writings."

She notes that the modern inquisitors "have devised subtle and insidious ways to go after the soul. With the help of newspapers, TV, public schools, colleges, and universities, they have developed a diabolical technique in which it is no longer necessary to engage in debate with those who disagree with their own party-line; it is enough simply to destroy the public character of their opponents, either by outright slander, or by insinuations of insanity. Or, worse, to intimidate them into obsequious silence with the threat of criminal charges, and even with the threat of death itself."

About Islam, Fallaci is not most concerned about terrorism, but "the cultural war, the demographic war, the religious war waged by stealing a country from its citizens…the war waged through immigration, fertility, presumed pluriculturalism," as well as "the refusal of European leaders to recognize what is at stake in this war, and their complicity in exempting Muslim immigrants from the first duty any immigrant has to his new homeland, namely, the duty to fit into his new culture, and to play by its rules."

Reception
A legal case was initiated against Fallaci in Italy by Adel Smith, president of the Muslim Union of Italy, on grounds that the book contained expressions that were "unequivocally offensive to Islam".

In a review for National Review, Lee Harris wrote that "one is bound to come away with a troubling sense of the fragility, if not the immense vulnerability of reason." He writes that as in The Rage and the Pride, Fallaci has "one searing message to bring us, and she delivers it with breath-taking disregard for political correctness," and concludes that "ultimately, if reason has any force, it is due to the examples of men and women, like Mastro Cecco and Oriana Fallaci, who have given force to reason through their own uncompromising commitment to it."

In a more critical review, Ira Stoll, writing for The New York Sun, claims that Fallaci "strains the good will of even the most sympathetic reader." According to Stoll, "The more serious problem is the sweeping nature of her condemnation of Islam and Muslims. She faults them for the fact that "they breed like rats"; for requiring their meat to be slaughtered in a "barbaric" manner she says is similar to kosher butchery; for having their own schools, hospitals, and cemeteries; for immigrating; and for wanting accommodation of their religious holidays and Sabbath in schools and workplaces."

The book describes in detail the Eurabia theory associated with Bat Ye'or, and has been considered one of Fallaci's books in the "Eurabia genre".

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: The Force of Reason


text:
Talk:Hogsmeade

Previously redirected to: Talk:Places in Harry Potter

title: Talk:Hogsmeade


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Aharon Megged

Aharon Megged (אהרון מגד) (10 August 1920 – 23 March 2016) (Hebrew year 5680) was an Israeli author and playwright. In 2003, he was awarded the Israel Prize for literature.

Biography
Aharon Greenberg (later Megged) was born in Włocławek, Poland. In 1926, he immigrated with his parents to Mandate Palestine. He grew up in Ra'anana, attending Herzliya high school in Tel Aviv. After graduation, he joined a Zionist pioneering youth movement, training at Kibbutz Giv'at Brenner. He was a member of Kibbutz Sdot Yam for twelve years. He left the kibbutz in 1951.

Megged was married to author Eda Zoritte, with whom he had two children, Ayal Megged, also a writer, and Amos, a lecturer in history at University of Haifa.

Literary career
Megged was one of the founders of the Masa literary weekly, and served as its editor for fifteen years. He worked as a literary editor for the Hebrew newspapers La-merhav and Davar. In 1977/78 he was author-in-residence at the Center for Hebrew Studies affiliated with the University of Oxford. He made several lecture tours of the United States, and was also author-in-residence at the University of Iowa. He published 35 books.

Megged's plays were performed at Habima, Ha-Ohel and other theaters. His books have been translated into numerous languages and published in the United Kingdom, the United States, Argentina, France, and other countries.

Diplomatic career
From 1968 to 1971, Megged served as cultural attaché to the Israeli embassy in London.

Awards and recognition

 * In 1974, Megged won the Bialik Prize for his books The Evyatar Notebooks: a novel and Of Trees and Stones.
 * In 2003, he was awarded the Israel Prize, for literature.

Megged won the Brenner Prize, the S.Y. Agnon Prize, and the Prime Minister's Prize.

title: Aharon Megged


text:
Talk:Bicycle crank

this seems to be a spec sheet from a specific crankset, apparently written by somebody not too good with english, rather than an actual on bicycle cranks in general.Gzuckier 04:04, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bicycle crank


text:
Talk:Knockturn Alley

Fair use rationale for Image:HagridKnockturn.jpg
Image:HagridKnockturn.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images uploaded after 4 May, 2006, and lacking such an explanation will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 05:16, 5 June 2007 (UTC)

Citation needed for pun?
Just wondering why a citation is needed for someone's statement that "Knockturn Alley" is a pun on "nocturnally". Same with "Diagon Alley" being a pun on "diagonally" (there's a request for a citation in that article too). Especially knowing JKR's love of significant or joking names for things, it seems (to me) clear that that pair of puns was intentional. Besides, unless she confirmed it in an interview somewhere, I can't imagine how one could find a valid citation anyway. - Erusse estelinya (sorry, having trouble signing in right now) 22:55, 18 July 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Knockturn Alley


text:
Isenburg-Büdingen-Birstein

Isenburg and Büdingen in Birstein is a hereditary title associated with the German House of Isenburg. Prince Alexander of Isenburg (b. 1969) is the current Prince of Isenburg and Büdingen in Birstein.

History
Isenburg-Büdingen-Birstein was created as a partition of Isenburg-Büdingen in 1511, and was partitioned into Isenburg-Birstein, Isenburg-Büdingen, and Isenburg-Offenbach in 1628.

In the early 16th century, the late Gothic stone house of Büdingen was built by Count Ludwig II of Isenburg for his son, later known as Johann V of Isenburg and Büdingen in Birstein.

Birstein Castle has been the residence of the counts or princes of Isenburg since 1517. The counts were elevated to imperial princes in 1744.

Notable people

 * Karl II, Prince of Isenburg-Büdingen in Birstein

title: Isenburg-Büdingen-Birstein


text: Category:Districts of Peru

title: Category:Districts of Peru


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Mark Allan Robinson

Mark Allan Robinson (born January 20, 1975) was the proponent of the first recall petition in Canadian history that reached the required threshold to remove an elected politician. The recall petition was to force a by-election in the riding that Paul Reitsma represented. While the threshold was met, Reitsma resigned before it was made official.

Mark Robinson was born in Penticton, BC and moved to Nanaimo, BC at a young age. He has been politically active from the age of 18, sitting on various local government committees and boards of directors for non-profit organizations. For over ten years during the 2000s, he taught ESL. Since then, he has worked as a front-line community support worker. He is a single father with three daughters.

In the 1996 British Columbia general election, Robinson ran as a candidate for the Green Party in the Parksville-Qualicum riding. More recently, on October 15, 2022, he was elected as a school trustee for the School District 68 Nanaimo-Ladysmith.

1998 recall election
In the spring of 1998, Paul Reitsma, a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) for the BC Liberal Party in the Parksville-Qualicum riding, had been caught by Cam Purdy, editor of local Parksville newspaper, Parksville/Qualicum Beach Morning Sun, writing letters to the editor for years praising himself and signing them under fabricated names, such as "Warren Betanko". As a result, the Liberals removed Reitsma from their caucus, but he remained as an independent.

Mark Robinson initiated a recall election to force a by-election in the Parksville-Qualicum riding. He organized 194 registered canvassers and volunteers to go door-to-door collecting signatures. Just over 17,000 signatures from eligible voters were required to be gathered between April 15 to June 15 for the recall campaign to be successful.

On June 15, 1998, Mark Robinson presented the petition to Elections BC with over 25,000 signatures. Signatures were verified by Elections BC between June 15 and June 23. Achieving the required 17,020 verified signatures, an announcement was to be made that the recall petition had enough signatures to call a by-election. Just prior to the announcement on June 23, Reitsma resigned his seat in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly after being tipped off about the overwhelming success of the petition to recall him. Had he not resigned, he would have become the first politician in the British Commonwealth to be recalled.

With the seat vacant, a by-election was called for later that year on December 14. Judith Reid of the BC Liberals won the seat with over 50% of the vote.

title: Mark Allan Robinson


text: User talk:12.210.100.69

title: User talk:12.210.100.69


text:
National Pan-Hellenic Council

The National Pan-Hellenic Council (NPHC) is a collaborative umbrella council composed of historically African American fraternities and sororities, commonly called the Divine Nine, and also referred to as Black Greek Letter Organizations (BGLOs). The NPHC was formed as a permanent organization on May 10, 1930, on the campus of Howard University, in Washington, D.C., with Matthew W. Bullock as the active Chairman and B. Beatrix Scott as Vice-Chairman. NPHC was incorporated under the laws of the State of Illinois in 1937.

The council promotes interaction through forums, meetings, and other media for the exchange of information and engages in cooperative programming and initiatives through various activities and functions.

Each constituent member organization determines its own strategic direction and program agenda. Today, the primary purpose and focus of member organizations remains camaraderie and academic excellence for its members and service to the communities they serve. Each promotes community awareness and action through educational, economic, and cultural service activities.

History
The National Pan-Hellenic Council was established during the Jim Crow era when Greek letter collegiate organizations founded by white Americans did not want to be affiliated with Greek letter collegiate organizations founded by African Americans.

The organization's stated purpose and mission in 1930: "Unanimity of thought and action as far as possible in the conduct of Greek letter collegiate fraternities and sororities, and to consider problems of mutual interest to its member organizations."

The founding members of the NPHC were Alpha Kappa Alpha, Kappa Alpha Psi, Omega Psi Phi, Delta Sigma Theta, and Zeta Phi Beta. The council's membership expanded as Alpha Phi Alpha (1931), Phi Beta Sigma (1931), Sigma Gamma Rho (1937), and Iota Phi Theta (1996) later joined. In his book on BGLOs, The Divine Nine: The History of African-American Fraternities and Sororities in America (2001), Lawrence Ross coined the phrase "The Divine Nine" when referring to the coalition. As required by various campus recognition policies, neither the NPHC, nor its member national or chapter organizations discriminate on the basis of race or religion.

In 1992, the first permanent national office for NPHC was established in Bloomington, Indiana on the campus of Indiana University through the joint cooperation of Indiana University and the National Board of Directors of NPHC. Prior to its establishment, for over a 62-year period, the national office would sojourn from one officer to the next.

Affiliate organizations
The members of the National Pan-Hellenic Council are shown below in order of founding:

Traditional Greek housing
Traditional Greek housing amongst NPHC organizations is rare. Unlike most National Panhellenic Conference (NPC) and North American Interfraternity Conference (NIC) organizations that have many traditional Greek houses primarily for undergraduate members on or near their college campuses, NPHC organizations have only a few. Most of the few existing NPHC organization houses are untraditional and unaffiliated with a college. In recent years, a growing number of undergraduate chapters of NPHC organizations have advocated for convenient traditional Greek housing for recruitment, meetings, stroll/step practices, socializing, and storing chapter paraphernalia but the lack of proper funding and coordination amongst members continues to be a major issue. In substitute of it, some undergraduate chapters have settled for small outdoor Greek plots to help substantiate their presence on campus.

title: National Pan-Hellenic Council


text:
Talk:Ollivanders

Previously redirected to: Talk:Places in Harry Potter

title: Talk:Ollivanders


text: Talk:Quality Quidditch Supplies

title: Talk:Quality Quidditch Supplies


text:
Talk:American rock

Needs expansion
This appears to be very incomplete...and a lot of it looks to be lifted directly from the general rock and roll article, rather than expanding on it for more in-depth coverage of American rock. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.93.214.48 (talk • contribs) 04:09, 3 June 2005

 * Definately needs expansion to include the 70's and 80's, and the newer wave of music since alternative. --Lendorien 18:19, 16 October 2005 (UTC)

 * What about punk? The Ramones?  CBGBs?  C'mon people!  Not to mention Hardcore, and then thrash!  That should cover a good deal of the 70s and 80s.  I know some rock purist would never included them (I think because of racism but rock was black music, as was R&B and doo woop mentioned here), but how about Soul, funk and hip hop?--SonOfUncleSam 08:28, 26 October 2005 (UTC)

 * The punk section can actually be supplemented by the punk section in the British rock article, which for some reason seems to talk about punk from an American perspective rather than a British one. --WesleyDodds 09:18, 17 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Also, that paragraph about Green Day seems very exaggerated. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.21.186.169 (talk • contribs) 19:57, 19 December 2005

Initiation of Improvements
OK, I began a section on the 1970s, and created some empty categories for the 1980s and 2000s. Hopefully someone with more time will expand these areas. I would also recommend breaking the 1990s down into categories to make it more encyclopedic. This article has potential, but needs a lot of work. Hopefully I can come back and make more contributions soon. --Havard 00:30, 8 January 2006 (UTC)

 * Since this is an American rock article then American prog rock bands should be listed. Otherwise they should be denoted as European. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.157.111.152 (talk • contribs) 20:00, 26 January 2007

Rewrote last part of introduction.
The suggestion that no American rock was highly popular in the 1970s is incorrect. KISS and Van Halen were hugely successful American rock bands that were famous in the 1970s. What could be mentioned later in the article is the original nationality of some of the members of American rock bands, such as Gene Simmons from Israel, the other two members of Hendrix's band from the United Kingdom and the Van Halen brothers from the Netherlands. -- Kevin Browning (talk) 03:46, 17 November 2007 (UTC)

This article needs serious work.
Everything from the tone to the facts are just poor. Considering the dominance of American pop culture, including music, this article should receive a lot of attention. -- Kevin Browning (talk) 08:08, 18 November 2007 (UTC)

Most of the artists listed in this article are British
Doesn't make a whole lot of sense really Westknife (talk) 03:00, 15 April 2008 (UTC)

Cleanup
This article is overdue for a cleanup, fixing some of the major style issues and providing citations. Material that cannot be supported by citations needs to be deleted, although I don't think there will be much of that here. I will undertake it in a short time, but if there are any major suggestions not already listed above please set them out so that they can be incorporated.--''' SabreBD  (talk ) 11:29, 15 April 2010 (UTC)

 * Apologies that it took so long to do this, but now completed.--''' SabreBD  (talk ) 19:24, 8 January 2011 (UTC)

Created after British Invasion?
It's strange that this article claims that rock music was "created" by high influence from the British Invasion. American rock music clearly existed before the British Invasion, especially with bands such as The Four Seasons, The Beach Boys, The Ventures, and The Kingsmen. Is it that the term "rock music" was not used until 1966/1967? Those years are obviously after the British Invasion began, so the sentence would make sense if phrased differently. 67.80.144.146 (talk) 00:45, 3 October 2011 (UTC)
 * It is true that "rock" was not used until after the British Invasion. Those bands were only called surf rock or garage rock retrospectively. The term rock and roll was older of course, but those bands were largely not categorised as that either. The earliest use was in compounds like folk rock and blues rock. I will look some references out when I have time and if needed.--''' SabreBD  (talk ) 06:51, 3 October 2011 (UTC)
 * Here is one which puts it pretty clearly: .--''' SabreBD  (talk ) 08:51, 3 October 2011 (UTC)

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Recent edits
I've reverted these unsourced and undiscussed edits, made earlier today by an IP account. Some may be worthy, but most seem to be based on personal opinion. Further discussion on this page, please. Ghmyrtle (talk) 10:44, 13 January 2020 (UTC)

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The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 17:22, 19 February 2023 (UTC)
 * Green day Live 5 june 2013 in Rome5.JPG

title: Talk:American rock


text:
Talk:St Mungo's (Harry Potter)

Location
I wonder if we could guess a more detailed location of St Mungo's from the Cannon, rather than just "in London". Any one know of any work done out there on the internet about HP geography that we could refer to?

and what about the homeless charity of the same name, also London based. Is that where JK picked up the name?

-I am more inclined to think that she got the name from the account that I mentioned in the article between Kentigren (Mungo) and Lailoken (Merlin). Of course, she is probably well aware of the charity by the same name, but as a classicalist and someone as well-versed in medieveal history as Rowlings, I doubt that this story has passed her notice.

Rob 03:50, 19 May 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:St Mungo's (Harry Potter)


text: Talk:The Burrow

title: Talk:The Burrow


text:
23rd Street station (BMT Broadway Line)

The 23rd Street station is a local station on the BMT Broadway Line of the New York City Subway. Located at the intersection of 23rd Street, Broadway, and Fifth Avenue in the Flatiron District of Manhattan, it is served by the R train at all times except late nights, the W train on weekdays, the N train during late nights and weekends, and the Q train during late nights.

Construction and opening
The New York Public Service Commission adopted plans for what was known as the Broadway–Lexington Avenue route on December 31, 1907. This route began at the Battery and ran under Greenwich Street, Vesey Street, Broadway to Ninth Street, private property to Irving Place, and Irving Place and Lexington Avenue to the Harlem River. After crossing under the Harlem River into the Bronx, the route split at Park Avenue and 138th Street, with one branch continuing north to and along Jerome Avenue to Woodlawn Cemetery, and the other heading east and northeast along 138th Street, Southern Boulevard, and Westchester Avenue to Pelham Bay Park. In early 1908, the Tri-borough plan was formed, combining this route, the under-construction Centre Street Loop Subway in Manhattan and Fourth Avenue Subway in Brooklyn, a Canal Street subway from the Fourth Avenue Subway via the Manhattan Bridge to the Hudson River, and several other lines in Brooklyn.

The Brooklyn Rapid Transit Company submitted a proposal to the commission, dated March 2, 1911, to operate the Tri-borough system (but under Church Street instead of Greenwich Street), as well as a branch along Broadway, Seventh Avenue, and 59th Street from Ninth Street north and east to the Queensboro Bridge; the Canal Street subway was to merge with the Broadway Line instead of continuing to the Hudson River. The city, the BRT, and the Interborough Rapid Transit Company (which operated the first subway and four elevated lines in Manhattan) came to an agreement, and sent a report to the New York City Board of Estimate on June 5, 1911. The line along Broadway to 59th Street was assigned to the BRT, while the IRT obtained the Lexington Avenue line, connecting with its existing route at Grand Central–42nd Street. Construction began on Lexington Avenue on July 31, and on Broadway the next year. The Dual Contracts, two operating contracts between the city and the BMT and IRT, were adopted on March 4, 1913.

A short portion of the line, coming off the north side of the Manhattan Bridge through Canal Street to 14th Street–Union Square, opened on September 4, 1917, at 2 P.M., with an eight car train carrying members of the Public Service Commission, representatives of the city government and officials of the BRT, leaving Union Square toward Coney Island. Service opened to the general public at 8 P.M., with trains leaving Union Square and Coney Island simultaneously. The line was served by two services. One route ran via the Fourth Avenue Line and the Sea Beach Line to Coney Island, while the other line, the short line, ran to Ninth Avenue, where passengers could transfer for West End and Culver Line service. The initial headway on the line was three minutes during rush hours, three minutes and forty-five seconds at other times, except during late nights when service ran every fifteen minutes.

23rd Street station opened on January 5, 1918, as the BMT Broadway Line was extended north from 14th Street–Union Square to Times Square–42nd Street and south to Rector Street. Service at this station was provided by local services running between Times Square and Rector Street. Service was extended one station to Whitehall Street–South Ferry on September 20, 1918. On August 1, 1920, the Montague Street Tunnel opened, extending local service from Lower Manhattan to DeKalb Avenue in Downtown Brooklyn by traveling under the East River.

Later years

The station's platforms originally could only fit six 67 ft cars. In 1926, the New York City Board of Transportation received bids for the lengthening of platforms at nine stations on the Broadway Line, including the 23rd Street station, to accommodate eight-car trains. Edwards & Flood submitted a low bid of $101,775 for the project. The platform-lengthening project was completed in 1927, bringing the length of the platforms to 535 feet.

The city government took over the BMT's operations on June 1, 1940. The station was renovated in the 1970s to accommodate ten-car trains. As part of the renovation, the original wall tiles, old signs, and incandescent lighting were covered by modern-look wall tile band and tablet mosaics, and new signs and fluorescent lights were installed. Staircases and platform edges were also renovated.

On January 3, 1999, a schizophrenic man, Andrew Goldstein, pushed 32-year-old journalist and photographer Kendra Webdale onto the tracks from the Brooklyn-bound platform of this station. Webdale was then struck and killed by an oncoming N train. After two mistrials due to his mental incapacity, Goldstein pleaded guilty of manslaughter in October 2006 and sentenced to 23 years in prison. The incident led to the passing of Kendra's Law, which allows judges to order people suffering from certain psychological disorders to undergo regular treatment.

In 2001, the station received a major refurbishment, including installing ADA yellow safety treads along the platform edges, restoring the original tiling, repairing the staircases, installing new tiling on the floors, new signage and upgrading the station's lighting and installing a public address system.

Station layout

This underground station has four tracks and two side platforms. The two center tracks are used by the N train on weekdays and Q train at all times except late nights. The platforms have their original trim line, which has "23" tablets on it at regular intervals, and name tablets, which read "23RD STREET" in serif font.

The 2002 artwork here is called Memories of Twenty-Third Street by Keith Godard. The platform walls feature mosaics depicting hats that famous people of the Flatiron District wore, including Oscar Wilde, Sarah Bernhardt, and W. E. B. Du Bois.

Exits
Each platform has two same-level fare control areas. The primary ones are at the north ends of the platforms. The Queens-bound platform has a bank of regular and high exit-only turnstiles, the station's full-time token booth, and four street stairs. Two go up to the northeastern corner of Broadway and 23rd Street (outside Madison Square Park) and the other two go to the southeast. The Brooklyn-bound platform has a bank of regular and high exit-only turnstiles, a now defunct customer assistance booth, and two street stairs. One is connected to fare control via a passageway and goes up to the southeastern corner of 23rd Street and Fifth Avenue outside the Flatiron Building, while the other goes up to the northwestern corner of Broadway and Fifth Avenue, near a mid-block pedestrian crossing.

The station's other two fare control areas are at the south end of the station. The one on the Queens-bound platform is unstaffed, containing High Entry-Exit Turnstiles and one staircase going up to the northeastern corner of 22nd Street and Broadway. The turnstile on the Brooklyn-bound platform is exit-only and has one staircase to the northwest corner of 22nd Street and Broadway. There is a crossunder here that was closed in the 1990s and is now only used for station facilities.

title: 23rd Street station (BMT Broadway Line)


text:
Port Madison

Port Madison, sometimes called Port Madison Bay, is a deep water bay located on the west shore of Puget Sound in western Washington. It is bounded on the north by Indianola, on the west by Suquamish, and on the south by Bainbridge Island. Port Madison connects to Bainbridge Island via the Agate Pass Bridge to the southwest. Two small bays open off Port Madison: Miller Bay to the northwest, and another small bay to the south which, confusingly, is also called Port Madison Bay (or, locally, as the "Inner Harbor").

The inner harbor, which indents into Bainbridge Island is where the Port Madison Yacht Club and a Seattle Yacht Club outstation are located. The Port Madison Indian Reservation is located on the west and north shores of Port Madison.

According to various sources, the native name of the bay was either Tu-che-kup or Noo-sohk-um. On Nov. 8 1824, John Work of the Hudson's Bay Company, while looking for potential sites for a trading post, recorded it as Soquamis Bay - a variation on the name of the Suquamish tribe which made its home on the western shore. The Wilkes Expedition surveyed the bay on May 10, 1841 and named it for James Madison, the 4th president of the United States.

George A. Meigs built a lumber mill on the Bainbridge Island shore of the bay in 1854, and Port Madison was soon a booming mill town. The town of Port Madison became Kitsap County's first county seat, but after the economic depression of the 1890s closed the mill, the seat was relocated and Port Madison became a ghost town. Today, Port Madison is a residential area and a popular destination for boaters.

title: Port Madison


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jammno

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 19:21, Jun 16, 2005 (UTC)

Jammno
Non-notable. User:Luigi30 (Ταλκ) 04:12, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, personal bio Krupo 04:14, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. Not notable. jni 07:02, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity. JamesBurns 09:32, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Personal contact info, non-notable gamer.
 * Delete is professional gamer really an occupation?? vanity. --Etacar11 17:18, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; guy just doesn't seem to be notable, as far as I (and Google) can tell. (But yeah, Etacar11, it is. Lots of money in some of the tournaments -- first prizes can be in excess of USD100,000. Easily enough to live on, if you go to enough of them and are good enough; apparently the ones at the top can pull in a half a million bucks a year.) -- Captain Disdain 13:32, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I reverted a removal of the VFD tag and will also vote delete. Mr Bound 15:15, Jun 11, 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jammno


text:
Talk:North Kingstown School Department

Untitled
Since when do we delete information on Wikipedia just because it is accurate only as of a certain date? Do we delete population statistics only because they will be inaccurate next year? Cheers. --BaronLarf 04:12, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:North Kingstown School Department


text:
Paul Reitsma

Paul Reitsma (born January 22, 1948) is a former member of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, Canada, for the electoral district of Parksville-Qualicum.

He was born in 1948 in the Netherlands. Reitsma served as the mayor of Port Alberni and Parksville, prior to his move to provincial politics.

Reitsma was elected in the 1996 BC provincial election for the BC Liberals, defeating New Democratic Party of British Columbia incumbent Leonard Krog.

In early 1998, Reitsma was accused of writing letters to newspapers under assumed names, praising himself and attacking his political opponents. A Parksville newspaper had asked a former Royal Canadian Mounted Police handwriting expert to compare a sample of Reitsma's handwriting to that of letters to the editor submitted by a "Warren Betanko", and then ran a story entitled "MLA Reitsma is a liar and we can prove it".

Reitsma was ejected from the BC Liberal caucus although he chose to remain as a member of the BC Legislative Assembly. However, he resigned his legislative seat on June 23, 1998, when it appeared that a recall petition led by proponent Mark Robinson had enough signatures from the electorate to recall him (thus result in a by-election to elect a new MLA).

title: Paul Reitsma


text:
Talk:Jacqueline Courtney

Untitled
Is this a stub?

title: Talk:Jacqueline Courtney


text:
Talk:Telenovela

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Peer reviewers: Juliestein016.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 10:48, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

First Global Telenovela
That honor belongs to Venevision's Esmeralda starring Lupita Ferrer. It aired in several countries in the early 1970s.

List of Talenovela Actors
The list of notable actors is getting huge, it's half the article or more. What about creating a List of Telenovela Actors (or something) article and move them there? --Abu Badali 13:34, July 22, 2005 (UTC)
 * Now that this has been created I would promote deleting the list from the article and putting the link under See Also. Agreed? SorryGuy 05:17, 19 April 2006 (UTC)

why telenovelas are racist?why if mexico have a mestizo and an indigenous majority,in the telenovelas caucasians are the most common characters?that is discrimination —Preceding unsigned comment added by 189.156.85.105 (talk) 22:56, 1 May 2011 (UTC)

They Moved a Link
I wanted to ask why they moved the Colombian Link anyways, and the other thing is that I don't think it's neccesary to put all the actors in the Telenovela page, a new article should be made for that. --Vodka Martini, Shaken Not Stirred 20:49, 30 September 2005 (UTC)

Stories on supernatural powers
The statement that "There are also stories in telenovelas that would never be shown on American soap operas, such as people with supernatural powers" is false and needs to be changed. Storylines about supernatural events and powers have been used many times on American soap operas, such as Dark Shadows (vampires, werewolves, witchcraft, reincarnation), Passions (witchcraft, reincarnation), Days of Our Lives (demonic possession) and Port Charles (vampires, reincarnation).

 * I agree and have removed that paragraph. --דוד ♣ D Monack 07:35, 17 November 2005 (UTC)
 * And I re-instated it. Can't delete an entire paragraph for not agreeing with just one statement. --Vizcarra 17:38, 17 November 2005 (UTC)

Jewish Argentinian
I read somewhere about a Jewish Argentinian producer of great success. He produced Rebelde Way among others, but he is not Cris Morena. From memory, this man aaliyahed and even fought in the Tsahal. He keeps double citizenship and produces TV in Argentina and Israel, accounting for a lot of the popularity of Spanish language in Israel.

Does somebody know who this man is? Is he mention worthy? --Error 01:32, 28 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Found: Yair Dori, at IMDB --Error 01:35, 28 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I suppose that you intended to say that he aliyahed (is that a word in English?) 190.225.20.236 (talk) 20:08, 9 March 2008 (UTC)

germany
telenovelas are supposed to be in spanish. what's with germany here ?
 * Actually they have to be in the article. somebody put them back Unixer 15:20, 1 August 2006 (UTC)

Ever hear of Portuguese?69.171.160.24 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 11:48, 30 November 2009 (UTC).

Don't be an idiot. The telenovela is a formula. Formulas can be used in any language and culture. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.115.247.54 (talk) 11:36, 19 May 2012 (UTC)

New US network
The proposed My Network TV in the US, which is under organization and will apparently include stations left out in the merger between UPN and The WB, will apparently air several English-language American-setting telenovelas. Is someone knowledgable about this? Rlquall 21:50, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

Cleanup
This article needs a thorough cleaning - it is written in a confused style and format. Davodd 22:00, 23 August 2006 (UTC)

 * "A telenovela is the term used to describe limited-run television serials and is derived from the terms tele short for television and novela ("novel"). In spite of their many differences, telenovelas are in ways, soap operas in mini-series format with an origin in Spanish and Portuguese broadcasting."

 * I think that this is a very good opening that should be kept whenever the clean-up occurs. -- 207.69.137.206 08:29, 11 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Removed the lists - they already exist as separate articles in their own right - no need for duplication. I also removed all of the external links being that they were either blatant or likely spam links to commercial or fan sites with little to no academic value. - Davodd 01:36, 17 November 2006 (UTC)

The very first citation needed is very bogus (see: 'Spanish-language prime time serials, or telenovelas, are produced in all Spanish-speaking countries"). This is a statement of fact that is commonly accepted in Spanish speaking countries. A similar statement about American programming would be, "Comedies are produced in all over the United States and English speaking countries." Just because an American reader or this case an over zealous editor is not familar with this practice, it should not require a citation.

Change in US format?
From the article: "In addition, telenovelas break the traditional United States television format, where a show runs for 20-25 episodes a season, once a week."

While this is true, aren't the telenovelas that have been adapted for English-language in the traditional format of English-language shows? Theshibboleth 17:53, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

What's the difference between a telenovela and a téléroman?
In Québec, they have a similar format called the téléroman, which I think could provide some comparison with telenovelas, considering that La famille Plouffe, the first téléroman in Canada (which aired on Radio-Canada by the way), was airing around the same time that the first telenovelas were beginning to get on the air. Other than Québec French (and the joual of the Montréal area) versus Spanish being used, what differences (and similarities) would there be between a téléroman and a telenovela? -Daniel Blanchette 00:57, 10 February 2007 (UTC)

Telenovela = Teleserye
See discussion at Talk:Teleserye. -- Howard  the   Duck  03:58, 12 February 2007 (UTC)

Merge "Téléroman" with "Telenovela"?
This is from the "Téléroman" talk page.

Since these two formats are similar except in name, I think both of these should merge. What do you think? --DanCBJMS via 134.117.168.245 22:33, 16 April 2007 (UTC)

Okay, so if there is nothing on this question, I might as well go along with merging these two articles. OK? --Daniel Blanchette 17:55, 19 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Regardless of the length of a series, these are Soap Operas. The term is, of course, American in origin, but with the penetration of American culture nearly everywhere and with 2 billion people able to speak English (to a greater or lesser degree), and English wikipedia largely a creation of Americans, it seems that telenovelas should be subsumed under Soap Opera.  The fact that the language is Spanish or Portuguese or Finno-Ugric is hardly relevant.  Operas, for example, are nearly all written in Italian and are rarely, if ever, translated.  But Opera goers know the story even if they don't speak Italian (the singers don't always speak the language their singing in either, learning it phonetically much as Eric Estrada did when he started working on Mexican TV).

 * PainMan (talk) 11:32, 31 January 2010 (UTC)

Telenovelas are not soap operas. They are distinct in having definite endings and usually lasting less than a year. IMO soap operas are exercises in frustration, never ending. Different genres.(EnochBethany (talk) 13:34, 9 July 2010 (UTC))

Tagged for 2.5 years and...
...nothing's been done about it.

What's the point of these tags if they article remains unaltered, or only the changes are cosmetic or inadequate? If I had $5 for every time I've seen a quality-related tag in the five years I've been an editor, I could pay off my mortgage.

In short, if no one's going to do anything about the tags, why bother with them? Where's the accountability?

Punishing the article's original writer, in many cases, tho' certainly not all, is hardly fair if dozens, or scores or more people may have made changes to it while ignoring the glaring problem(s) it was tagged for in the first place.

An idea: a task force or commission (or whatever ya wanna call it) should be created with the goal of cleaning-up articles or removing the really badly "non-compliant" ones.

Editors have seen that nothing happens if you violate quality standards. Deface a page or get into an edit war and they're all over you. But write a 4,000 word article without a single a footnote/citation and no one does jack.

One way to encourage editors to do it would be to award prizes. E.g.: the person who cleans up the most articles is elevated to admin status (or higher). Or set up a Wiki Quality Assurance Hall of Fame. Or, the best motivator ever invented: cold, hard cash. Award grants (so no one will have to pay taxes): nice, fat checks to the people who are the most prolific in bring articles "up to standard."

Negative reinforcement should also be considered. If no major changes have been made since the article's debut, the creator can be given a set period of time to clean it up. Or if a later editor adds a section not up to snuff, the same thing can be done if they fail to fix their contributions/changes. If not, then their editing privileges are suspended or terminated. Or their edits have to be approved by admins who have no other duties.

Whatever methods are chosen, SOMETHING needs to done. Otherwise, the tags are just a bumper sticker saying, '''This Article Sucks! But Nothing Is Going To Be Done About It!" '''

Just my opinion on this.

PainMan (talk) 11:25, 31 January 2010 (UTC)

Colombia
The Colombia section is garbage. What do Gabriel Garcia Marquez and magic realism have to do with telebobelas? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 148.87.19.214 (talk) 01:44, 17 June 2010 (UTC)

Paloma
There is no country (on this planet) called Paloma, and it is therefore an error to have a 'Paloma' section in 'Telenovellas By Country'. There are several countries with regions/districts called Paloma, but I have been unable to determine which (if any) this section referes to.

So I have removed it, and placed it here for your examination and decision.

Paloma

 * ''See: Way TV!, I-Tv Latino EX and Mundo Fiction

In Paloma, the telenovela is known as musical drama by its thematics related with music. These dramas usually are produced for the youth audience, although some are directed for any public.

A synonym of musical dramas is the soap opera or television series, since both have many features in common. To cite some, the episodes of a drama musical seasons are divided into at least six months and annual maximum, as happens with the TV series, but what differentiates the two is that the latter premiered an episode every week while the premiere musical dramas from Monday to Friday and allowing faster completion. Are also related to the soaps for the topics covered, romance, tragedy, the emotions of the characters, the existence of an antagonist and in some cases the predictable end, including the premieres of episodes Monday through Friday, but also there is something that sets them apart is that the characters in the musical drama always have the appearance of young college student with aspirations to grow into a pop idol (sometimes already are but focuses on his life and those around you) and the two main characters, although at first not well liked or is separated by an antagonist, their relationship ends up in friendship and then love. Note that in this type of series never makes references to sexuality.

Some of these dramatized have been Mi Vida es Cantar, Selena, Un engaño frente al amor, Antique Amor!, La Nueva Empleada, If We Were, Chica Inocente, ¡Mi Príncipe!, inter.

Please do simply revert without changing the 'TN by C' title - it is nonsensical. Heenan73 (talk) 12:17, 20 June 2012 (UTC)

Could I merge "Portuguese, …, Spanish" into one?
I saw that in the sentence "… is a limited-run serial dramatic programming popular in Latin American, Portuguese, Filipino, Spanish, and American (Spanish language network) television programming." Latin America having Spanish and Portuguese among other languages is mentioned as one area unlike in other places were Latin America and Brazil are separated even if Brazil is part of the Latin world, anyways my question is could I make “Portuguese, …, Spanish,” in to just Iberia or because of clarification the article needs them both? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sion8 (talk • contribs) 03:30, 6 April 2013 (UTC)

Novela redirects here... Should it?
I have heard of telenovelas and, as an author/writer, I have heard of novellas. At least in the world of authors and writers, they are not the same thing. A common erroneous spelling of novella is "novela", but typing that in will get a redirect to here. I've never heard of telenovela being shortened to novela, and for obvious reasons. Being that someone typing in "novela" is probably looking for novella and not this article, it should probably be redirected to novella. Any thoughts?184.156.23.123 (talk) 12:37, 7 July 2013 (UTC)

Statistics and opinions
The claim that Telenovelas has "less success in the US than Latin America" should be factually backed up with some sort of statistics. "Success" can be taken as an opinion oriented word if there is not real data to support the argument being made. In addition, the section on white ethnocentrism is an important matter to raise awareness on, but the last sentence claiming "...this is seen as a form of acceptance towards caucasian models of beauty and as a form of acceptance of inequality in terms of class, race, gender." This statement is too opinion-shaping. Stick to a neutral point of view. Noting such ethnocentric accusations is essential to the article's structure and information, but stating the implications of these allegations are not sticking to the required "neutral point of view" of Wikipedia. Using words such as "major" and "success" can be taken the wrong way (not neutral) if not explained through evidence. i.e. statistics, data, etc. Additionally, the configuration of this article is not as organized as a hard copy encyclopedia would be, which is the first of the 5 pillars of Wikipedia. The lead section is somewhat vague and unorganized. Starting with a clear definition of "Telenovela" would be more beneficial to readers. I, myself, have little background knowledge of what a Telenovela is and was only slightly informed through the lead section of this article. Starting with the comparison to a well known "soap opera," and then going into the fine tuned linguistics may be a more clear route to take. This article was very informative on the details of telenovelas but lacked in the general explanation of the topic. The close proximity of "genres" and "Telenovelas by country" was a great organizational flow, though, since the two topics seemed to intertwine immensely. Juliestein016 (talk) 01:44, 1 February 2016 (UTC)

History Section Needs Citations
I think that this section could use some serious help. It is really small and does not talk a lot about when, why, how the genre was created. It also needs citations. If anyone disagrees, please let me know! — Preceding unsigned comment added by Riosa17302 (talk • contribs) 16:57, 18 October 2020 (UTC)

India?
Why aren't Indian soap operas included?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_soap_opera — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:601:CC80:EB4:6C5B:BD5A:5C05:9325 (talk) 08:31, 28 February 2021 (UTC)

Portuguese language telenovelas
Please keep in mind that the language barrier is never crossed. Spanish language telenovelas are popular with Spanish speakers, never with Portuguese speakers. Adaptations may sometimes occur. 2001:4C4E:1E10:6B00:AC6A:C6D5:BFAB:D057 (talk) 21:53, 25 August 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Telenovela


text:
Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge

The Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge is a United States National Wildlife Refuge located in north-central Colorado. It is one of over 560 national wildlife refuges which manages and protects natural resources for future generations. The refuge is located in North Park in central Jackson County south of the town of Walden. The refuge was established in 1967 to furnish waterfowl with a suitable place to nest and rear their young. It was created in part to offset losses of nesting habitat in the prairie wetland region of the Midwest. It is located in the valley of the Illinois River, a tributary of the North Platte River. It is administered by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service.

Mortenson Lake National Wildlife Refuge in Wyoming is administered by Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge

Description
The dry climate of the area (at an elevation of approximately 8800 feet) requires the diversion of water from the Illinois River through a complex system of ditches to irrigate wetland meadows and fill water fowl brood ponds. Periodic burning, irrigation and various grazing systems are management tools used on the refuge meadows to maintain vegetative vigor for nesting purposes. Manipulation of water levels in the shallow ponds is intended to assure adequate aquatic vegetation for food and escape cover. The ponds also produce many insects and other invertebrates (protein) needed by most female waterfowl for successful egg laying. These insects also serve as an essential food item for the growth of ducklings and goslings during the summer months.

The first waterfowl arrive at the refuge in the spring when the ice vanishes in April. The peak migration occurs in late May when 5,000 or more ducks may be present. Canada geese have been reestablished in North Park and begin nesting on the refuge during April. Duck nesting usually starts in early June and peaks in late June. The refuge produces about 9,000 ducklings and 150 to 200 goslings each year. The Fish and Wildlife Service expects that when refuge lands are fully acquired and developed, waterfowl production should increase significantly.

There have been 198 bird species recorded in the refuge. Primary upland nesting species include the mallard, pintail, gadwall, and American wigeon. Several diving ducks, including the lesser scaup and redhead, nest on the larger ponds and adjacent wet meadows. Most species may be observed during the entire summer season. Fall migration reaches its height in late September or early October when up to 8,000 waterfowl may be on the refuge.

Refuge wetlands also attract numerous marsh, shore, and water birds. Sora and Virginia rails - shy, secretive birds - are numerous but seldom seen. If they are present, Wilson's phalarope, American avocet, willet, sandpipers, Greater yellowlegs, and dowitchers will be easy to observe. Other less common species include great blue heron, black-crowned night heron, American bittern, and eared and pied-billed grebe.

The upland hills harbor sage grouse year around with a winter population of more than 200 birds. Golden eagles, several species of hawks, and an occasional prairie falcon circle the skies above the refuge in search of food. Their prey includes Richardson's ground squirrel, white-tailed prairie dog, and white-tailed jackrabbit.

Badger, muskrat, beaver, coyote, and pronghorn are commonly observed by visitors. It is also possible to see the mammalian species of raccoon, red fox, mink, long-tailed weasel, or porcupine. As many as 400 mule deer have wintered here and up to 200 elk are frequently seen during the winter months. Moose have recently been reintroduced into North Park and may occasionally be observed in the willow thickets along the Illinois River bottoms. There are no venomous snakes in the refuge.

Public access
Public access to the refuge includes a self-guided 6-mile wildlife auto tour route from nearby State Highway 14, and an overlook over the Illinois River valley. Public fishing is permitted along the Illinois River except in the areas marked as closed. Portions of the refuge are open to public hunting of some game species during appropriate state seasons. The refuge is open for day-use only and is closed during night time except for staff members. Fires are not permitted on refuge lands.

An 1850-foot ADA compliant boardwalk was completed in August 2009 by Wildlands Restoration Volunteers. The volunteers built it over 5 years, with more than 6,000 man hours of labor. It winds along with parts of the river where numerous animals and birds can be seen. Moose can often be seen among the willows. The boardwalk is about a mile southwest of the refuge headquarters.

title: Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge


text:
Jakob Sveistrup

Jakob Sveistrup (born 8 March 1972) is a Danish singer. He entered the Danish music scene in 2003 as a competitor in the Danish televised talent contest Stjerne for en aften ("Star for a Night"). He made it to the finals. Unusually, Sveistrup was not a professional singer; he was a teacher for autistic children. However, in March 2006, Jakob resigned from this job to be a full-time musician.

Jakob then went on to compete in the Dansk Melodi Grand Prix, which took place at the Forum in Horsens on 12 February 2005. He was selected as winner of the competition by national telephone voting for his performance of the song "Tænder på dig" by Jacob Launbjerg & Andreas Mørck.

This led to him representing Denmark in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005 with the translated song, now called "Talking to You". The contest was hosted by Kyiv, Ukraine on 21 May 2005.

Since Denmark was not pre-qualified for the final, Jakob took part in the semi-final on 19 May 2005. He qualified for the final, and finished 10th.

He was a guest performer at Congratulations, the 50th anniversary Eurovision concert in Copenhagen, Denmark, in October 2005.

In May 2005 he released his first album, the self-titled Jakob Sveistrup. His second album, Fragments, was released in August 2006. His third album 3, was released in April 2007. Hope to Find, his fourth album was released in September 2009. His fifth album Runaway was released in June 2012. He released his sixth album in November 2015, entitled 10: Back to Beginning.

Jakob is also known as the former leadsinger in the Danish cover band Copycats www.copycats.dk.

Sveistrup has been married to Iben Andersen since 27 May 2000.

Albums

 * Jakob Sveistrup (2005)
 * Fragments (2006)
 * 3 (2007)
 * Hope to Find (2009)
 * Runaway (2012)
 * 10: Back to Beginning (2015)

title: Jakob Sveistrup


text: User talk:68.72.32.140

title: User talk:68.72.32.140


text:
Colcannon

Colcannon is a traditional Irish dish of mashed potatoes with cabbage. It is a popular dish on Saint Patrick's Day and on the feast day of St. Brigid.

Description
Colcannon is most commonly made with only four ingredients: potatoes, butter, milk and cabbage. Irish historian Patrick Weston Joyce defined it as "potatoes mashed with butter and milk, with chopped up cabbage and pot herbs". It can contain other ingredients such as scallions (spring onions), leeks, laverbread, onions and chives. Some recipes substitute cabbage with kale. There are many regional variations of this staple dish. It was a cheap, year-round food. It is often eaten with boiled ham, salt pork or Irish bacon. As a side dish it goes well with corned beef and cabbage.

Colcannon is similar to Champ, a dish made with scallions, butter and milk that traditionally offered to fairies be being placed at the foot of a Hawthorn tree in a spoon.

Etymology
The origin of the word is unclear. The first syllable "col" likely comes from the Irish "cál," meaning cabbage. The second syllable may derive from "ceann-fhionn," meaning a white head (i.e. "a white head of cabbage."). This usage is also found in the Irish name for a coot, a white-headed bird known as "cearc cheannan" or "white-head hen.".

In Welsh, the name for leek soup is cawl cennin, a phrase combining cawl meaning "soup", "broth" or "gruel", when it is not a reference to the typical Welsh meat and vegetable stew named in full "cawl Cymreig", with "cennin," the plural of "cenhinen," meaning "leeks".

Song
The song "Colcannon", also called "The Skillet Pot", is a traditional Irish song that has been recorded by numerous artists, including Mary Black. It begins: Did you ever eat Colcannon, made from lovely pickled cream? With the greens and scallions mingled like a picture in a dream. Did you ever make a hole on top to hold the melting flake Of the creamy, flavoured butter that your mother used to make?

The chorus: Yes you did, so you did, so did he and so did I. And the more I think about it sure the nearer I'm to cry. Oh, wasn't it the happy days when troubles we had not, And our mothers made Colcannon in the little skillet pot.

Similar dishes
• Clapshot, stovies, and rumbledethumps, from Scotland

• Bubble and squeak, from England

• Champ, from Ireland

• Biksemad, from Denmark

• Trinxat, from the Empordà region of Catalonia, northeast Spain, and Andorra

• Roupa velha (Portuguese for "old clothes"), from Portugal, often made from leftovers from cozido à Portuguesa

• Boerenkool stamppot, from the Netherlands

• Stoemp, from Belgium

• Hash, from the United States

• Hash browns

• Potato cake

title: Colcannon


text:
R. A. Montgomery

Raymond Almiran Montgomery Jr. (March 9, 1936 – November 9, 2014) was an American author and key figure in the Choose Your Own Adventure interactive children's book series.

Early and personal life
Montgomery was born in Greenwich, Connecticut on March 9, 1936. Montgomery graduated from Williams College and attended graduate school at Yale University and New York University.

On November 9, 2014, Montgomery died at his home in Warren, Vermont.

Career
Montgomery was an author who contributed many books to the Choose Your Own Adventure series, created in the late 1970s, based on a book manuscript written by Edward Packard and submitted to Montgomery's publishing company. He and his former wife, Constance Cappel, published four books at Vermont Crossroads Press that would later be included in the Bantam "Choose" series (The Cave of Time, Journey Under the Sea, By Balloon to the Sahara, and Space and Beyond). Montgomery penned more than 50 books for this series and its various offspring, including books in a series for younger readers.

The Choose Your Own Adventure series published 184 titles through Bantam Books between 1979 and 1998, including many by Montgomery himself and several by his sons Ramsey and Anson. It was one of the most popular children's series of all time, with over 250 million books in print.

Montgomery and partner Shannon Gilligan reissued some books of the initial "Choose" series through Chooseco LLC, in Waitsfield, Vermont. The re-release was featured in the LA Times and Newsweek magazine, and an electronic version of the first book in the relaunch, The Abominable Snowman, was available as an interactive download for iPod. Montgomery said that he wanted to travel and encourage culturally distinct Choose Your Own Adventure books from writers and illustrators in all parts of the world.

Other projects

 * A six book non-interactive series for young adult readers entitled Trio
 * A CD-ROM, Beyond the Wall of Stars
 * Windows/Mac software, Comic Creator (1995)

title: R. A. Montgomery


text:
Arisaig, Nova Scotia

Arisaig, (Àrasaig) is a small village in Antigonish County, Nova Scotia, Canada. It is located on the north coast of eastern mainland Nova Scotia, on the Northumberland Strait, and is connected to the town of Antigonish to the southeast and to New Glasgow to the west by Route 245, the "Sunrise Trail". Nearby communities include Doctors Brook, Malignant Cove, Knoydart, and McArras Brook.

The community was founded c. 1785 by Scottish immigrants who named it after their home, Arisaig, on the west coast of Scotland.

There is a government wharf and recently rebuilt lighthouse situated at Arisaig Harbour. The Roman Catholic church is dedicated to St. Margaret of Scotland. The present church was constructed in 1878 and the parish itself was established in 1792. Two cairns are situated in the community - one near the wharf marking the approximate site of the original log cabin church, and a second near the present church commemorating the centennial of its construction.

Despite being a member of the Nova Scotia branch of the Free Church of Scotland, the poet Iain mac Ailein, a highly important figure in both Scottish Gaelic literature and in that of Canadian Gaelic, felt able to build a very close friendship with Fr. Colin P. Grant, the Roman Catholic priest assigned to St. Margaret of Scotland Church in Arisaig. So close was their friendship that Iain Mac Ailein composed a work of Canadian Gaelic praise poetry in honor of Fr. Grant.

Arisaig Park, which borders on the Northumberland Strait, features significant fossil deposits.

title: Arisaig, Nova Scotia


text:
Symphony No. 3 (Brahms)

Symphony No. 3 in F major, Op. 90, is a symphony by Johannes Brahms. The work was written in the summer of 1883 at Wiesbaden, nearly six years after he completed his Symphony No. 2. In the interim Brahms had written some of his greatest works, including the Violin Concerto, two overtures (Tragic Overture and Academic Festival Overture), and Piano Concerto No. 2.

The premiere performance was given on 2 December 1883 by the Vienna Philharmonic Orchestra, under the direction of Hans Richter. It is the shortest of Brahms' four symphonies; a typical performance lasts between 35 and 40 minutes.

After each performance, Brahms polished his score further, until it was published in May 1884.

Composition
By 1877, Johannes Brahms had completed his first two symphonies: The First Symphony in C Minor (Op. 68) was the product of a famously long gestation; its initial drafts dated to as early as 1862. The D Major Second Symphony followed barely 12 months after the First, and the next few years saw Brahms' creative peak, during which he created "a series of large-scale masterpieces with fluency and ease."

Among these masterpieces were Brahms’ Violin Concerto (1878/79) and Second (B♭ major) Piano Concerto (1881), the two symphonic overtures, two large collections of songs (lieder) and duets, several major piano pieces including the third and fourth sets of Hungarian Dances (1879), and three important chamber works, including the ‘lyrical’ and highly popular G major Violin Sonata (1879).

By 1883, Brahms’ attention had returned to the symphony, and he spent the summer of that year at Wiesbaden composing a new F major symphony. In October, he played the first and last movements (on piano) for Antonín Dvořák, who remarked to Nikolaus Simrock: “I say without exaggerating that this work surpasses his first two symphonies; if not, perhaps, in grandeur and powerful conception—then certainly in—beauty.”

"Frei aber froh"
The first movement begins with a statement (F-A♭-F) which is broadly assumed to represent Brahms' personal motto, frei aber froh (free but happy). Brahms had first developed this motto many years earlier after befriending Hungarian violinist Joseph Joachim, who himself had already adopted a personal motto F-A-E, frei aber einsam (free but lonely).

Given Brahms’ reticent nature, there is academic disagreement as to his intent in presenting this motto as a personal musical statement; Brahms himself said nothing on the subject. On the other hand, he often reminded friends that "I speak through my music."

Associations with the Schumanns and the Rhine
The first movement's opening F-A♭-F motto is followed immediately by a passionato theme; a descending sequence which bears a strong resemblance to a phrase from Robert Schumann's Third Symphony, the 'Rhenish'. Brahms' stay in Wiesbaden (on the Rhine) during the composition of his Third Symphony may also have brought back memories of his early days in Düsseldorf in the home of Robert and Clara Schumann. It was there in 1853 where the young Brahms and Robert Schumann had experimented with 'musical cyphers' for Joachim's amusement.

These associations have led some to refer to the passionato theme as the 'Rhine' theme, but the transition to the second subject includes a chord progression which includes an allusion to the 'Siren's Chorus' from Richard Wagner's Tannhäuser. Whether this reference was a tribute to his recently deceased rival is unknown, although Brahms' admiration of Wagner's music was no secret; he had even possessed the original Tannhäuser manuscript for a time.

Instrumentation
The symphony is scored for two flutes, two oboes, two clarinets in B♭ and A, two bassoons, a contrabassoon, two horns in C, two horns in F, two trumpets in F, three trombones, timpani, and strings.

Although Brahms commonly specified "natural" (valveless) horn tunings in his compositions (e.g., Horn in F), performances are typically delivered on modern valved French horns.

Form
The symphony consists of four movements, marked as follows: 1. Allegro con brio (F major, in sonata form)

2. Andante (C major, in a modified sonata form)

3. Poco allegretto (C minor, in ternary form A–B–A′)

4. Allegro — Un poco sostenuto (F minor → F major, in a modified sonata form)

I. Allegro con brio
The first movement is in sonata form in time. A musical motto of this movement, consisting of three notes, F–A♭–F, was significant to Brahms. In 1853 his friend Joseph Joachim had taken as his motto "Free, but lonely" (in German Frei aber einsam), and from the notes represented by the first letters of these words, F–A–E, Schumann, Brahms and Dietrich had jointly composed a violin sonata dedicated to Joachim. At the time of the Third Symphony, Brahms was a fifty-year-old bachelor who declared himself to be Frei aber froh, "Free but happy". His F–A–F motto, and some altered variations of it, can be heard throughout the symphony. At the beginning of the symphony the motto is the melody of the first three measures, and it is the bass line underlying the main theme in the next three. The motto persists, either boldly or disguised, as the melody or accompaniment throughout the movement.
 * Orchesterwerke Romantik Themen.pdf

II. Andante
The second movement in C major is in modified short sonata form in time. The main melody is played by a solo clarinet, which then get passed around to the entire orchestra.
 * Orchesterwerke Romantik Themen.pdf

III. Poco allegretto
The third movement in C minor is a waltz-like ternary movement in time. Instead of the rapid scherzo standard in 19th-century symphonies, Brahms created a unique kind of movement that is moderate in tempo (poco allegretto) and intensely lyrical in character.
 * Orchesterwerke Romantik Themen.pdf

IV. Allegro — Un poco sostenuto
The fourth movement is in F minor (ending in F major) and features a modified sonata form in time. It is a lyrical, passionate movement, rich in melody that is intensely exploited, altered, and developed. The movement ends with reference to the motto heard in the first movement – one which quotes a motif heard in Schumann's Symphony No. 3, "Rhenish" in the first movement just before the second theme enters in the recapitulation – then fades away to a quiet ending.
 * Orchesterwerke Romantik Themen.pdf

Reception
Hans Richter, who conducted the premiere of the symphony, proclaimed it to be Brahms' Eroica. The symphony was well received, more so than his Second Symphony. Although Richard Wagner had died earlier that year, the public feud between Brahms and Wagner had not yet subsided. Wagner enthusiasts tried to interfere with the symphony's premiere, and the conflict between the two factions nearly brought about a duel.

His friend the influential music critic Eduard Hanslick said, "Many music lovers will prefer the titanic force of the First Symphony; others, the untroubled charm of the Second, but the Third strikes me as being artistically the most nearly perfect."

In popular culture

 * Brahms's Third Symphony in popular culture

title: Symphony No. 3 (Brahms)


text:
Dan Enright

Daniel Enright (né Ehrenreich; August 30, 1917 – May 22, 1992) was an American television producer, primarily of game shows. Enright worked with Jack Barry from the 1940s until Barry's death in 1984. They were partners in creating programs for radio and television. Their company was called Barry & Enright Productions.

Enright (original surname Ehrenreich), who grew up in British Palestine and New York City, met up with Barry as the latter was working in stand-up comedy. After a stint at WOR radio, the two developed several early TV shows, including the seminal "interactive" show Winky Dink and You, as well as Juvenile Jury and Life Begins at Eighty, and Wisdom of the Ages.

The duo produced network game shows in the 1950s, including Back That Fact, You're On Your Own, Tic-Tac-Dough, Twenty-One, Concentration and Dough Re Mi.

Quiz show scandal
Capitalizing on the success of the 1950s big-money quiz The $64,000 Question on CBS, Barry and Enright developed their flagship show, Twenty-One, a quiz which had a scoring system based loosely on blackjack. Contestants were placed in twin isolation booths and asked questions ranging in value from one to 11 points — the higher the point value, the more difficult the question. Enright described the initial broadcast of Twenty-One as "a dismal failure. It was just plain dull." Contestants repeatedly missed questions and, in Enright's own words, "It lacked all drama; it lacked all suspense. The next morning the sponsor (Geritol) called my partner, Jack Barry, and me and told us in no uncertain terms that he never wanted to see a repeat of what happened the previous night. And from that moment on, we decided to rig Twenty-One." Even with rigging, initial ratings were unimpressive.

Enright believed they needed to find heroes and villains — contestants the audience would either root for or root against. Though not illegal at the time, Enright and his assistant producer Albert Freedman went beyond merely finding appealing players by actually manipulating them: providing certain contestants with answers in advance, and scripting games and the players' mannerisms in the isolation booth. It was a process the producers duplicated for Tic-Tac-Dough.

Enright's most famous contestant protégé was Twenty-One's Charles Van Doren, who went on to win for 14 weeks and became a cover subject for Time, thus causing the show's popularity to soar. Van Doren replaced Herb Stempel, who himself had been given answers over his extended run on the show, but was eventually forced to lose (so that the more telegenic Van Doren might replace him). After waiting for Enright to fulfill his promise of a job in exchange for throwing the match, Stempel realized it would never come and went to the authorities. It was only when other contestants came forward about game show rigging did they take Stempel seriously.

As the press was publishing allegations by former contestants of quiz rigging, NBC purchased from Barry and Enright the shows Twenty-One and Tic-Tac-Dough, along with two new daytime entries, Concentration and a musical quiz Dough Re Mi, all of which aired on NBC, for $1 million. Eventually the truth came out, and Enright admitted to rigging the show and giving contestants the questions and answers in advance.

As Twenty-One's emcee and co-producer, Jack Barry did not directly rig the shows himself (even quiz-show scandal investigator Joseph Stone questioned his involvement, and Herb Stempel has said in interviews that he believes Enright hid the rigging from Barry until it was exposed), yet he admitted in interviews given in the 1970s and 1980s his role in covering up the rigging for Enright.

Exile
Barry and Enright's careers went into eclipse after the scandal broke, though Barry did get some hosting and acting gigs and briefly collaborated on projects with game show packager Goodson-Todman Productions. Barry purchased a radio station in Redondo Beach, California, and in 1969 he made his first network comeback as an emcee, replacing Dennis Wholey on a short-lived prime-time game, The Generation Gap on ABC. Two years later he sold his first post-scandal game show, also to ABC, called The Reel Game, which he emceed as well.

Slowly, Enright managed to work his way back into television, having to go to Canada to do so. He was a producer of the early-70s syndicated game show All About Faces with Richard Hayes. Barry and Enright collaborated on other small Canadian-produced quiz shows including Line 'em Up, Photo Finish shot in Montreal, and It's a Match which was taped in Toronto. It was on these shows that a number of young American and Canadian producers and directors got their start, including John Kastner, Sidney M. Cohen, Mark Phillips and Jay Wolpert.

Return to success
In 1972, after two failed attempts to sell a pilot, CBS bought from Barry the game show that would permanently revive his career as a host and producer: The Joker's Wild. One of the original pilots of The Joker's Wild was produced in 1969 during Barry's collaboration with Mark Goodson and Bill Todman and was emceed by Allen Ludden. Although credited as "A Jack Barry Production", there had been speculation that ex-partner Enright was somehow involved with the show, and indeed Enright was credited as executive producer in the show's final year on CBS. Nonetheless, Joker proved to be a success. In 1975 it was canceled by CBS but reruns of Joker did so well on local Los Angeles and New York TV stations that in 1977 a whole new series was produced for syndication. The syndicated Joker ran until 1986 (with Bill Cullen succeeding Barry after his death).

By 1977, Barry and Enright had resumed their partnership full-time. In the spring of 1976 they sold a revival of Break the Bank to ABC. Despite promising early ratings, the daytime network version hosted by Tom Kennedy was canceled. A weekly first-run syndication version aired from September 1976 to September 1977, hosted by co-packager Barry.

Barry and Enright later found their longest-lasting success with syndicated versions of Joker and the revived Tic-Tac-Dough with Wink Martindale and, later, Jim Caldwell hosting.

In early 1981, Enright started a seven-year relationship with Bullseye's all-time cash and prize winner, former child actress Donna Birke (née Boyce), who had appeared on Bullseye in 1980. The two shared a penthouse apartment in Century City, then in Marina del Rey from 1985 through 1987, when they separated. Enright reportedly paid Boyce $276,000 in a quasi-"palimony" settlement at the time of their separation.

Ventures in film
In 1981, Barry and Enright crossed over into the field of motion picture production with the release of their first film, Private Lessons, a coming-of-age comedy featuring erotic film star Sylvia Kristel.

Later years and death
Following Jack Barry's sudden death in 1984, Enright continued to run Barry & Enright Productions completely, retaining the B&E name, as opposed to renaming the company "Dan Enright Productions." Barry's death resulted in the departure of key Barry & Enright figures, including producers Ron Greenberg and Gary Cox and director Richard S. Kline, all three of whom were not in favor of Enright taking over the company. Kline went on to form his own production company, Greenberg returned to producing his own programs, and Cox joined Reg Grundy Productions in 1985.

Enright went on to produce a few other game shows on his own, including Bumper Stumpers (a joint venture with Wink Martindale Productions, which taped in Canada and aired on USA Network) and a short-lived revival of Tic-Tac-Dough, as well as a few projects with former Wheel of Fortune co-host Susan Stafford, who was then Vice President of Public Relations for Barry & Enright Productions. Enright and Stafford shared a penthouse in Santa Monica, California.

Enright died of cancer on May 22, 1992, at age 74, and was buried at the Forest Lawn, Hollywood Hills Cemetery in Los Angeles.

He was survived by his wife, Stella, and two children: daughter Erica, and son Don.

title: Dan Enright


text:
Talk:Dark Mark

Possibly someone could scan the back of the Half-Blood Prince cover and crop out the Dark Mark and upload it here?

movie picture
I'm not sure if I'm allowed to do this but I've edited the movie picture to make it much easier to see the dark mark. If this is ok, how would I go about putting it into the article?

Dark Mark
Mwahahahahahahahahahaha... --Lord Voldemort (Dark Mark) 16:54, 22 July 2005 (UTC)

Forearm
Is the Dark Mark on the right, the left, or either forearm? It would be worth noting here. --DropDeadGorgias (talk) 14:53, July 25, 2005 (UTC)

-I believe it's always on the left arm; Barty Crouch Jr., Peter Pettigrew, Professor Snape, and Igor Karkaroff all had it branded on that arm. --Thrashmeister 21:20, 28 March 2006 (UTC)

The Dark Lord always knows...
Remember- the Dark Lord will prevail... Draco Malfoy 18:39, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

to the guys who are taking care of this page...maybe you should change the picture to the one shown in the GOF trailer. I like this one but as you have used movie pictures for other harry potter stuff, you might wanna change this too.

--In response to the above poster, I added the one from the movie as well. It'll be deleted if someone doesn't...do...something. I really don't know, I'm new here. --Thrashmeister 21:21, 28 March 2006 (UTC)

--Just finished reading the 7th book. It states clearly in "The Deathly Hallows" that the mark is on the left forearm of every DeathEater

Quidditch World Cup
I changed the Quidditch World Cup section which incorrectly stated: during which a number of former Death Eaters seize a number of muggles and make a show of levitating them high in the air. AS far I remember--muggles were not present at the Quidditch World Cup, considering Quidditch is a wizard-only sport! I changed the word muggles to wizards.

 * The attacks took place on a Muggle-run campsite where the Roberts family were intimidated, levitated, and humiliated at the hands of a group of Death Eaters, so the passage is correct. Refer to the first few chapters of Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire for confirmation. Rob Church 18:46, 31 March 2006 (UTC)

The Fake Galleons
In the fifth book, where Hermione uses fake Galleons to call members of Dumbledore's Army, she said that she "sort of got the idea" (not actual quote) from the Dark Mark. I was wondering if this little tidbit should be added?
 * Done. -Phi*n!x 02:44, 17 February 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dark Mark


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Hidden Cove

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 19:21, Jun 16, 2005 (UTC)

Hidden Cove
Non-notable. User:Luigi30 (Ταλκ) 04:21, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Looks like a contentless advertisement to me.  Almafeta 04:23, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unless something of note happened there, not much room for expansion. --Etacar11 17:24, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, secluded areas usually don't make good articles, unless something is said about the geology, weater, or nature there. If I were to delete the POV word "lovely" nothing much would be left. A retry in creating this won't require this edit. Mgm|(talk) 19:09, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
Csaba Csere

Csaba Csere  is a former technical director and editor-in-chief of Car and Driver magazine.

Csere is an American of Hungarian descent. He earned a bachelor's degree in mechanical engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1975. He went on to join Ford Motor Company's Advanced Engine Engineering Office. He joined Car and Driver magazine as its technical editor in 1980. He specialized in stories about technical issues and first-person experiences in competition machines ranging from NASCAR stock cars to Formula One cars. In the process, he raced in fifteen 24-hour events and performed an automotive backflip at over 200 mph on the Bonneville Salt Flats.

Csere became editor-in-chief in 1993 and concentrated on integrating Car and Driver's TV, Internet, and radio efforts. He presided over a controversial redesign of the magazine, launched in December 2006 and refined during 2007. The cover featured capitalized headlines, often with an exclamation point, and featured bands of yellow. Inside, there was further prominent use of yellow, his favourite color. Additional yellow coloration was to be found on the Car and Driver website. The redesign was roundly criticized in the 'Backfires' (Reader's Letters) section of the March 2007 issue. In that column, the editor admitted to receiving 164 letters against the redesign and 13 for, but stated: "We paid big bucks for this yellow redesign and we ain't going back - Ed".

On December 16, 2008 — according to the official press release of Hachette Filipacchi Media U.S. — Csere resigned his position as editor-in-chief. No explanation was given, and Csere has refused to discuss the reasons for his departure. He did not write a goodbye column for the magazine where he had worked for 29 years.

By the August 2009 issue of Car and Driver the controversial redesign had largely been dropped in favor of a look more closely resembling the prior design. In the September 2009 issue Csere contributed a feature entitled 'Lightly Used Cars'. The June 2010 issue contained a feature contributed by Csere titled "Suck, Squeeze, Bang! Blow, Ad Infinitum" and extensively used the colour yellow once again.

Outside of Car and Driver, Csere has appeared as an authority on automotive issues in the United States Senate and many national television and radio news programs.

In January 2012, Csere began writing for The New York Times, with his first car review on the 2012 Honda CR-V.

Csere is still regularly seen working with Car and Driver under the title of contributing editor. Online, he presents many of Car and Driver's 'Tested' video reviews of automobiles on YouTube.

title: Csaba Csere


text:
William Foulke (footballer)

William "Fatty" Foulke (12 April 1874 – 1 May 1916; sometimes spelled Foulk, Foulkes) was an English professional cricketer and football player. Foulke was renowned for his great size and weight, reaching perhaps 24 stone (152 kg; 336 lb) at the end of his career, although reports on his weight vary.

He played four first-class matches for Derbyshire County Cricket Club in the 1900 season, but is remembered primarily as a goalkeeper for Sheffield United although he later played for Chelsea and Bradford City.

Early life
William Henry Foulke was born in Dawley, Shropshire, England.

Playing career
After being discovered playing for village side Blackwell in a Derbyshire Cup tie at Ilkeston Town, Foulke made his debut for Sheffield United against West Bromwich Albion on 1 September 1894 and led the team to three FA Cup finals (winning two) and a League Championship.

According to The Cat's Pyjamas: The Penguin Book of Cliches (ISBN 9780141025162), the chant "Who ate all the pies?" was first sung in 1894 by Sheffield United supporters, and directed at Foulke's 300 lb (about 136 kg). However, this is disputed, as a September 2019 article on the BBC Sport website pointed out that the tune to which the chant is sung, "Knees Up Mother Brown", is believed to have originated in 1918, which was some two years after Foulke's death. Moreover, Foulke weighed only 178 lb in 1894; the weight gain came much later.

Foulke won a single international cap for England in 1897 against Wales.

At the end of the first match in the 1902 FA Cup Final, Foulke protested to the officials that Southampton's equalising goal should not have been allowed. Foulke left his dressing room unclothed and pursued the referee, Tom Kirkham, who took refuge in a broom cupboard. Foulke had to be stopped by a group of F.A. officials from wrenching the cupboard door from its hinges to reach the hapless referee. In the replay, Sheffield United won 2–1, with Foulke being required to make several saves to keep United in the match. He was also in goal for United when they suffered an FA Cup exit to Second Division Burslem Port Vale in 1898. Foulke then moved to Chelsea for a fee of £50 and was made club captain. Foulke by now was remarkably temperamental. If he thought his defenders were not trying hard enough, he would walk off the field. Opposing forwards who incurred his displeasure would be picked up and thrown bodily into his goal. He was, however, a great crowd puller, and Chelsea decided to exploit this. To draw even more attention to his size, they placed two small boys behind his goal in an effort to distract the opposition even more. The boys would sometimes run and return the ball when it went out of play, and, quite by accident, ball boys came into being. Foulke stayed for just one season before moving to his final club, Bradford City.

At some stage after his retirement, Foulkes had played a beat-the-goalie contest in Blackpool. In a short obituary to Foulkes, a Blackpool newspaper reminded its readers that Foulkes had "appeared in a good [sic] scoring side-show on the spare ground, Britannia Place, South Shore, where many a football aspirant tried their goal-scoring prowess against the once noted goalkeeper".

Personal life
He also owned a beer house in Sheffield along with a shop in Matilda Street and was known to walk around his home town wearing his FA Cup winner's medal around his neck on a homemade chain.

Foulke appears in the Mitchell and Kenyon films, playing in a match on 6 September 1902. His nephew, Jim Simmons, was also a professional footballer.

Death
Foulke died on 1 May 1916 aged 42 in Sheffield, West Riding of Yorkshire (now located in South Yorkshire). He was buried in Burngreave cemetery, Sheffield, England. His death certificate gives "cirrhosis" as the major cause of death.

Honours

 * Sheffield United
 * Football League First Division: 1897–98
 * FA Cup: 1898–99, 1901–02

title: William Foulke (footballer)