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List of people from Houston

This is a list of people who were born, were raised, or have lived in Houston, Texas.

Entertainment, arts, and media personalities

 * Awsten Knight, musician
 * Casey Thai Luong (Keshi), singer

 * Debbie Allen, choreographer, actress
 * Lauren Anderson, ballet dancer
 * Wes Anderson, film director
 * Archie Bell and the Drells, Soul/R&B music group
 * Craig Xen, rapper
 * Mark Ballas, ballroom dancer and choreographer from Dancing with the Stars, actor, singer-songwriter and musician (member of duo Alexander Jean)
 * Kirko Bangz, rapper
 * Michelle Barnes, artist and arts administrator
 * Donald Barthelme, journalist
 * Skye McCole Bartusiak, actress
 * Baby Bash, rapper
 * Texas Battle, actor
 * Frank Beard, percussionist for ZZ Top
 * Jeff Bennett, voice actor
 * Melissa Benoist, actress
 * Michael Berry, from Orange, lawyer and radio talk show host
 * Clint Black, musician
 * Lisa Hartman Black, singer and actress
 * B L A C K I E (born Michael LaCour), rapper
 * Alexis Bledel, actress
 * Maggie Blye, actress
 * Craig Bohmler, composer
 * Matt Bomer, from Spring, actor
 * Danielle Bradbery, from Cypress, Texas, season 4 winner of The Voice
 * Jonathan Breck, actor, best known as The Creeper in Jeepers Creepers
 * Berkeley Breathed, born in California, cartoonist
 * Jean Brooks, actress
 * Karamo Brown, television personality and activist
 * William Broyles Jr., screenwriter
 * Bun B, rapper, one half of the rap duo UGK (Underground Kingz), raised in Houston
 * David Anthony Burke (D4vd), rapper
 * Ingrid Burley, rapper and songwriter
 * Johnny Bush, country singer
 * William Butler, born in California; raised in The Woodlands; musician
 * Win Butler, born in California; raised in The Woodlands
 * Peter Cambor, actor
 * Chandler Canterbury, actor
 * Jonathan Caouette, filmmaker
 * Kathryn Casey, non-fiction author and mystery novelist
 * Chamillionaire (born Hakeem Seriki), rapper
 * Machine Gun Kelly (musician), singer, rapper, and actor born in Houston, Texas
 * Richelle Carey, newscaster
 * Lois Chiles, actress
 * Imani Chyle, singer-songwriter and rapper
 * Lynn Collins, actress
 * Chedda Da Connect, rapper
 * Dan Cook, sportswriter
 * Peter James Cooper, screenwriter, film producer and businessman
 * Nichole Cordova, singer for girl group Girlicious
 * Walter Cronkite, television journalist
 * Rodney Crowell, musician
 * Peter Brett Cullen, actor
 * Willie D, rapper
 * Trevor Daniel, singer
 * Alexandria DeBerry, actress
 * Loretta Devine, actress
 * DhoomBros, YouTube personalities, actors, dancers, entertainers, and DJs
 * Ryan Donowho, actor and musician
 * Allen Drury, author
 * Haylie Duff, actress
 * Hilary Duff, actress and singer
 * Shelley Duvall, actress
 * Ike Eisenmann, sound effects
 * Dorian Electra, singer
 * Shannon Elizabeth, actress
 * Terry Ellis, singer for R&B girl group En Vogue
 * Robert Ellis, country singer
 * Kelly Emberg, model
 * Sean Faris, actor
 * Fenix TX, band
 * Ashley Fink, actress of Glee
 * Suzanne Finstad, author
 * Will Flanary, ophthalmologist and comedian
 * Sean Patrick Flanery, actor; from Sugar Land
 * Mark Flood, artist
 * Jake Flores, comedian
 * Tom Ford, designer
 * A. J. Foyt, auto racer
 * Justin Furstenfeld
 * Jennifer Garner, born in Houston; raised in Charleston, West Virginia; actress
 * Greg Germann, actor
 * Geto Boys members
 * Billy Gibbons, guitarist and singer for ZZ Top
 * Robert Glasper, musician
 * Olivia Gonzales, dancer
 * R.W. Hampton, singer
 * Lisa Hartman, actress
 * Bill Hicks, comedian
 * Dusty Hill, bassist and singer for ZZ Top
 * Jay Hooks, blues musician
 * Larry Hovis, actor
 * Stevie Ray Huffman, professional wrestler
 * Irene Dubois, drag performer
 * Molly Ivins, journalist
 * Cassandra Jean, actress, model
 * Mickey Jones, musician
 * Mike Jones, rapper
 * Nicky Jones, voice actor
 * Bradley Jordan, rapper
 * Robert Earl Keen, singer
 * Ruth Kelley, one of the first women to fly to Antarctica
 * Candice King, actress and singer
 * Beyoncé Knowles, singer, songwriter, producer and actress
 * Solange Knowles, singer and songwriter
 * Liza Koshy, actress and YouTube personality
 * Tony Labrusca, actor
 * Eric Ladin, actor
 * Hubert Laws, jazz musician
 * Johnny Lee, singer
 * Richard Linklater, film director
 * Lizzo, singer
 * Lyle Lovett, from Klein, musician and actor
 * Todd Lowe, actor
 * Mark Lowry, southern gospel vocalist, songwriter and comedian, formerly sang with the Gaither Vocal Band
 * LeToya Luckett, singer
 * Debra Maffett, Miss America 1983
 * Barbara Mandrell, singer
 * Ayanna Jolivet McCloud, visual artist
 * Maxine Mesinger, columnist
 * Angelbert Metoyer, artist
 * Mistress Isabelle Brooks, drag performer
 * Mitchelle'l, singer-songwriter
 * Farrah Moan, drag queen and entertainer
 * Jason Moore, Wikipedia editor and organizer
 * Jason Moran, pianist
 * Cory Morrow, country singer
 * Lecrae Moore, Christian rapper, co-founder of Reach Records
 * Johnny Nash, singer
 * Edwin Neal, actor
 * Michael Nesmith, musician, singer for The Monkees
 * Iceman Nick, jeweler and jewelry designer
 * Renee O'Connor, actress
 * Mary-Jean O'Doherty, opera singer
 * Tony Oller, actor
 * Annette O'Toole, actress
 * Jim Parsons, actor
 * David Phelps, Christian singer
 * DJ Premier (born Christopher Edward Martin)
 * Billy Preston, keyboardist, and singer
 * James Prince, CEO & music executive of Rap-A-Lot
 * P. J. Proby, singer
 * Dennis Quaid, actor
 * Randy Quaid, actor
 * Leven Rambin, actress
 * Cierra Ramirez, actress
 * Phylicia Rashad, actress
 * Dan Rather, from Wharton, television journalist
 * Prudencesa Renfro, singer
 * Riff Raff (born Horst Christian Simco), rapper
 * LaTavia Roberson
 * Charlie Robison, singer
 * Charlie Robinson, actor
 * Kenny Rogers, singer
 * Roger Rohatgi, independent film producer and screenwriter, motivational speaker, actor and ordained minister
 * Kelly Rowland, singer
 * Joshua Rush, actor
 * San Kim Sean - martial artist
 * Scarface (rapper) (born Brad Terrence Jordan)
 * Travis Scott, Grammy nominated artist, rapper, singer, songwriter, producer
 * DJ Screw (born Robert Earl Davis, Jr.)
 * Joan Severance, actress
 * Guitar Shorty
 * Kaitlyn Siragusa, internet personality
 * Anna Nicole Smith, born in Houston; raised in Mexia, model and actress
 * Jaclyn Smith, actress
 * South Park Mexican (born Carlos Coy)
 * Brent Spiner, actor
 * Megan Thee Stallion, rapper
 * Matt Stone, co-creator of South Park
 * Patrick Swayze, actor
 * Susan Swift, actress
 * Amir Taghi, fashion designer
 * B. J. Thomas, singer
 * Larry D. Thomas, 2008 Texas State Poet Laureate
 * Slim Thug (born Stayve Jerome Thomas), rapper
 * Gary Tinterow, art historian and curator
 * Don Toliver, rapper
 * Allison Tolman, actress
 * Nephew Tommy, actor
 * Rigo Tovar, emigrated from Matamoros, Tamaulipas, Mexico
 * Trae tha Truth (born Frazier Othel Thompson), rapper
 * Tommy Tune, dancer and choreographer
 * Steve Tyrell, singer and music producer
 * Ngozi Ukazu, author
 * The Undertaker (born Mark William Calaway), wrestler
 * Brooke Valentine, singer
 * Ameer Vann (former member of Brockhampton), rapper
 * Jaci Velasquez, singer
 * Sauce Walka, rapper
 * Paul Wall, rapper
 * Isaiah Washington, actor
 * Watermark, band
 * Waterparks, band
 * William Ward Watkin, architect
 * Johnny Guitar Watson, musician, singer, and songwriter
 * Alicia Webb, wrestling personality
 * Wesley Weston, Jr., rapper
 * Al White, actor
 * JoBeth Williams, actress
 * Chandra Wilson, actress
 * Harris Wittels, actor, writer, comedian, musician
 * Z-Ro (born Joseph Wayne McVey)
 * Renée Zellweger, from Katy, actress
 * Gwendolyn Zepeda, author
 * That Mexican OT, rapper

Business, government, law, and military

 * Elsa Alcala, judge since 2011 of the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals, Kingsville native, resides in Houston
 * Monroe Dunaway Anderson, banker; cotton trader; co-founder of Anderson, Clayton and Company; philanthropist; namesake of University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
 * Mary Kay Ash, cosmetics mogul
 * James A. Baker (born 1821), lawyer and founder of the law firm now known as Baker and Botts.
 * James A. Baker (born 1857), lawyer for William Marsh Rice and trustee for Rice University.
 * James A. Baker Jr., a lawyer for the law firm now known as Baker and Botts, banker, and real estate developer
 * James A. Baker III, White House chief of staff, Secretary of State
 * Nandita Berry, Houston lawyer and 109th Secretary of State of Texas
 * Paul Bettencourt, member of the Texas State Senate from District 7
 * Jeff Bezos, founder and CEO of Amazon.com
 * Bill Blythe, Houston realtor and former state representative
 * Paul Bremond, merchant and railroad developer.
 * George H. W. Bush, 43rd Vice President and 41st President of the United States; father of George W. Bush
 * George W. Bush, former Governor of Texas (1995–2000) and 43rd President of the United States; son of George H.W. Bush
 * Jeb Bush, former Governor of Florida (1999–2007), and former 2016 presidential candidate; brother of George W. Bush
 * Briscoe Cain, Republican member of the Texas House
 * William L. Clayton, cotton trader; cofounder of Anderson Clayton Co., government official
 * Ted Cruz, U.S. senator from Texas; former 2016 Republican presidential candidate
 * Michael Dell, co-founder and CEO of Dell Inc.
 * Adam Dell, millionaire businessman, lawyer
 * Richard W. Dowling, Civil War officer
 * Anna Johnson Dupree (1891–1977), business owner and philanthropist
 * Les Eaves, Republican member of the Arkansas House of Representatives for White County; former Houston resident
 * Gary Elkins, politician
 * Tilman J. Fertitta, businessman and reality TV personality
 * Nobia A. Franklin (1892–1934), African American beauty mogul
 * Jay F. Honeycutt, former director of the Kennedy Space Center; began career in Houston in 1966 as engineer at Johnson Space Center
 * Edward Mandell House, diplomat, a commissioner of the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, and advisor of Woodrow Wilson.
 * Joan Huffman, politician
 * Howard Hughes, billionaire aviator, film producer
 * Thad Hutcheson, politician
 * Jesse H. Jones, politician
 * Barbara Jordan, U.S. Representative
 * Mickey Leland, politician
 * James E. Lyon, banker
 * Gray H. Miller, Senior United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas
 * Steve Munisteri, politician
 * David Newell, judge of the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals, Place 9
 * Tom Oliverson, anesthesiologist and incoming state representative for District 130
 * Dan Patrick, Lieutenant Governor of Texas, outgoing member of the Texas State Senate
 * Dennis Paul, state representative from District 129 in Harris County
 * Gilbert Pena, incoming 2015 Republican member of the Texas House of Representatives from Pasadena, lived in Houston prior to 1992
 * Jack Porter, U.S. Senate candidate in 1948 and a builder of the modern Texas Republican Party
 * Leighton Schubert, state representative from Caldwell, Texas; former Houston resident
 * Jim Sharp, state court judge, 2009–2014
 * Stephen Susman (1941–2020), plaintiffs attorney and a founding partner of Susman Godfrey
 * Sylvester Turner, 62nd Mayor of Houston
 * Kathryn J. Whitmire, first female Mayor of Houston; served five terms
 * Jared Woodfill, Houston attorney and former chairman of the Harris County Republican Party
 * Kevin Patrick Yeary, judge of the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals, based in San Antonio; former assistant district attorney for Harris County

Religion

 * Yolanda Adams
 * Charles L. Allen
 * Kim Burrell
 * Finis Alonzo Crutchfield
 * Rafael Cruz
 * Yusuf Estes
 * Jerry Johnston
 * David Koresh
 * Hal Lindsey
 * Joel Osteen
 * Paul Pressler
 * Hyman Judah Schachtel
 * Marianne Williamson

Science

 * Red Adair, oil-well firefighter
 * James P. Allison, Chairman of Immunology at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and 2018 Nobel Prize winner in Physiology or Medicine for the invention of immune checkpoint inhibition
 * Malcolm Brenner, Former Director of the Center for Cell & Gene Therapy at Baylor College of Medicine and CAR T-cell therapy pioneer
 * Denton Cooley, heart surgeon
 * Michael DeBakey, heart surgeon
 * James "Red" Duke, trauma surgeon
 * Bonnie J. Dunbar, astronaut, professor, Director of Aerospace Engineering and Director of STEM Center at the University of Houston
 * Mary K. Estes, Ph.D., professor in molecular virology and microbiology and in medicine-gastroenterology at Baylor College of Medicine, founding director of the Texas Medical Center Digestive Diseases Center
 * Helen Heslop. Stem cell transplanter and Director of the Center for Cell & Gene Therapy at Baylor College of Medicine
 * William V. Houston, physicist and president of Rice University
 * Lydia Kavraki, Ph.D., computer scientist
 * Dr. Ellen Ochoa, Director of NASA Johnson Space Center, veteran astronaut
 * Richard Smalley, chemist, physicist and astronomer; recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1996)
 * Robert Woodrow Wilson, astronomer; born in Houston and graduated from Rice University (1957); recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics (1976)

Athletics

 * Cammile Adams, Olympic swimmer
 * Sam Adams, football player
 * Lance Alworth, football player
 * Heather Armbrust, IFBB professional bodybuilder
 * Tim Atchison, former American football player
 * H. B. Bailey, auto racer
 * Harold Bailey, football player
 * Keith Baldwin, football player
 * Joey Banes, football player
 * Daniel Bard, Major League Baseball (MLB)) pitcher
 * Pat Batteaux, football player
 * Shane Baz (born 1999), MLB pitcher
 * Peter Berry, University of Alabama wheelchair basketball player
 * Simone Biles, gymnast
 * Michael Bishop, football player
 * Jason Bourgeois, baseball player
 * Michael Bourn, former MLB outfielder who played for the Houston Astros
 * Jeff Bourns, tennis player
 * Joe Bowman, marksman of the American West
 * Ken Bradshaw, big wave surfer
 * Jimmy Butler, NBA basketball player
 * Mark Calaway, professional wrestler
 * Tina Chandler, IFBB professional bodybuilder
 * Jermall Charlo, boxer
 * Roger Clemens, former MLB pitcher who played for the Houston Astros
 * Brad Coleman, auto racer
 * Sydney Colson, WNBA point guard for the Las Vegas Aces
 * Carl Crawford, baseball player
 * Dalip Rana (The Great Khali), professional wrestler, promoter, model and actor
 * Sedrick Curry, football player
 * Andy Dalton, football player, from Katy, Texas
 * Santia Deck, athlete
 * Jimmy Demaret, golfer
 * Gerald Dockery, football player
 * Karl Douglas, football player
 * Clyde Drexler, basketball player
 * Donald Driver, retired football player
 * Tyler Duffey, baseball Player
 * Adam Dunn, baseball player
 * Aaron Durley, basketball player
 * Amanda Felder, triathlete
 * George Foreman, boxer
 * Eddie Foster, NFL player
 * A. J. Foyt, auto racer
 * Andrew Friedman, MLB executive
 * Zina Garrison, tennis player, born in Houston; resident of Missouri City, Texas
 * Donovan Greer, football player
 * Tristan Gray, baseball player
 * Brittney Griner, basketball player
 * Ben Guez, baseball player
 * Charlie Haas, retired professional wrestler
 * Mauro Hamza (born 1965 or 1966), Egyptian fencing coach
 * Brede Hangeland, soccer player
 * Lindsey Harding, basketball player
 * Will Harris, MLB relief pitcher who played for the Houston Astros
 * D. J. Hayden, professional football player, Oakland Raiders
 * Warrick Holdman, football player
 * Jonathan Horton, gymnast
 * Jalen Hurts, football player
 * Germain Ifedi, football player
 * Steve Jackson, former defensive back who is currently the senior offensive assistant for the Atlanta Falcons
 * Craig James, football player
 * Brandon Jordan, football player
 * DeAndre Jordan, basketball player
 * Kaitlyn, wrestler
 * Joshua Kalu, football player
 * Scott Kazmir, MLB pitcher who played for the Houston Astros
 * Greg Kindle, football player
 * Gary Kubiak, football coach
 * Iris Kyle, ten-time overall Ms. Olympia professional bodybuilder
 * Rashard Lewis, basketball player
 * Tara Lipinski, figure skater, Olympic gold medalist, from Sugar Land
 * Denzel Livingston (born 1993), basketball player for Hapoel Kfar Saba of the Israeli Liga Leumit
 * James Loney, baseball player
 * Andrew Luck, football player
 * Marie Mahoney, outfielder, All-American Girls Professional Baseball League player
 * Guy Mezger, mixed martial artist
 * Johnathan Motley (born 1995), basketball player for Hapoel Tel Aviv of the Israeli Basketball Premier League
 * Tyler Myers, ice hockey player
 * Josh Nebo (born 1997), basketball player for Maccabi Tel Aviv of the Israeli Premier Basketball League
 * Chiney Ogwumike, basketball player
 * Emeka Okafor, basketball player
 * Yaxeni Oriquen-Garcia, IFBB professional bodybuilder
 * Josh Pastner, college basketball coach
 * Andy Pettitte, former MLB pitcher from Deer Park, Texas, who played for the Houston Astros
 * Gene Phillips, basketball player
 * Mel Renfro, football player
 * Mary Lou Retton, gymnast, 1984 Olympic gold medalist
 * Cody Risien, football player
 * Taylor Rochestie (born 1985) American-Montenegrin player in the Israel Basketball Premier League
 * Michael Russell, tennis player
 * Kevin Schwantz, motorcycle racer
 * Bob Smith, football player
 * David Starr, auto racer
 * Kohl Stewart, professional baseball pitcher for the Minnesota Twins
 * Michael Strahan, American-German retired football player, actor, and television personality; currently hosts Good Morning America and NFL on FOX; born and raised in Houston before moving to Mannheim, (West) Germany
 * Mike Swick, UFC fighter
 * Thurman Thomas, football player from Missouri City, Texas
 * Tyler Thornburg, baseball player
 * Justin Tucker, football player (kicker)
 * Will Vest, Professional Baseball Player
 * Billy Wade, auto racer
 * Bones Weatherly, football player
 * Kaitlyn Weaver, Olympic ice dancer
 * Ruston Webster, Scout for the Atlanta Falcons
 * Kip Wells, baseball player
 * Billy Welu, professional bowler
 * Reggie White, football player
 * Alfred Williams, football player
 * Willie Williams, football player
 * Woody Williams, former MLB pitcher who played for the Houston Astros
 * George Wright, football player
 * James Young, football player
 * Joe Young, basketball player
 * Vince Young, football player
 * Ben Uzoh (born 1988), guard for the Cleveland Cavaliers and New Jersey Nets; graduated from Earl Warren High School in 2006

Other

 * Ahmed Ajaj, Palestinian convicted of participating in the 1993 World Trade Center bombing.

title: List of people from Houston


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Lacoste, Vaucluse

Lacoste (La Còsta) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

Its population doubles in size during the height of the summer tourist season.

Geography
Lacoste is a picturesque old mountain village overlooking the village of Bonnieux and the Grand Luberon Mountains to the east, and flanked by the Vaucluse to the north and the Petit Luberon to the south. There is also a path through the valley that leads from Bonnieux to Lacoste (about a 45-minute walk).

Sights
The vernacular architecture and cobblestone streets give the impression of a village where time has stood still. The oldest building in the town, the Maison Forte, dates back to the 9th century while the nearby Pont Julien remains one of the oldest standing examples of a working 1st century B.C. Roman bridge. Finnbar Mac Eoin, author of "Two Suitcases And A Dog" lives in Lacoste. He was the last person to drive across The Pont Julien before it closed to traffic in 2005. A plaque states, "We do not know who was the first person to cross, but an Irishman was the last".

History
Lacoste is best known for its most notorious resident, Donatien Alphonse Francois comte de Sade, the Marquis de Sade, who in the 18th century lived in the castle, Château de Lacoste, overlooking the village. Following a series of incidents involving local women and the police, the Marquis fled the country but was eventually imprisoned. His castle was partially destroyed in an uprising in 1779 and was later looted and plundered by locals. It was later bought by fashion designer Pierre Cardin, who partially restored it and held cultural events there.

During the first half of the 19th century the village saw a brief time of agricultural and economic prosperity from the Roman limestone quarries, but soon hit a slump in the second half of the century and a large portion of the upper village of Lacoste fell into disrepair and ruins.

During World War II, the French Resistance took their foothold in the steep Luberon Mountains around Lacoste, and trenches and barbed wire still exist in the forested area in the valley, where resistance fighters prepared to square off with German troops.

Culture
Tony Perrottet of Slate said that Lacoste "always had a contrarian streak," citing the fact that Lacoste was a Protestant village surrounded by Catholic communities and that a Communist mayor had been in power for fifty years. There are two small cafes in town where locals and students go to socialize.

Arts
The Marquis fancied Lacoste as a destination for thespians, which has in some small part become true. In the 1990s, the ruins of the castle, along with an attached quarry, were bought by fashion designer Pierre Cardin, and since 1994 musical and theatrical works have been performed there. Cardin founded L'Espace Cardin in the village of Lacoste as his business and ticketing office, and renovated the quarry into a massive outdoor performance area and stage. Annually, Cardin's festival draws thousands during the month of July for world-class opera, theater, and music set in the quarried stage and coinciding with the Festival d'Avignon, the renowned summer theater and performance festival in the nearby city of Avignon.

Adding to the town's reputation as an artistic haven, The Lacoste School of the Arts was founded in Lacoste in 1970 by American art professor and painter, Bernard Pfriem. Under Pfriem's direction, notable artists came to Lacoste to teach and be inspired by the peace and tranquility of the rural environment, including Benny Andrews, Denis Brihat, Henri Cartier-Bresson, David Douglas Duncan, Nene Humphrey, Gjon Mili, and Jean-Pierre Sudre, and Maggie Siner among others. The expatriate American poet, Gustaf Sobin, often taught poetry to students at The Lacoste School of the Arts. Through Pfriem and Sobin's leadership, the school emerged to become one of the most respected art programs in France.

Sarah Lawrence College, the Cleveland Institute of Art, and Bard College traded partnership with the school before the Savannah College of Art and Design took control in 2002. Today the Savannah College of Art and Design hosts four quarters of classes for art students and professors from all corners of the globe, studying fine arts, writing, architecture, design, fashion, film, photography, sculpture, and theater, to name a few of the subjects. The 30+year history of the Lacoste School of the Arts has helped to infuse a multicultural and worldly artistic sense to the village. The Savannah College of Art and Design recently renovated Maison Basse at the base of the hill village, expanding the number of students who can study in Lacoste each quarter.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Lacoste, Vaucluse


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title: User talk:Who/Editing


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Illinois (song)

"Illinois" is the regional anthem (or state song) of the U.S. state of Illinois. Written in about 1890 by Civil War veteran Charles H. Chamberlin (1891–1894), the verses were set to the tune of "Baby Mine," a popular song composed in 1876 by Archibald Johnston (died 1887). "Illinois" became the state song by an act of the 54th Illinois General Assembly in 1925.

History
The song was written during the successful campaign, which concluded in April 1890, to have the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition located in Chicago. It was intended for Colonel O. B. Knight, a friend of Mr. Chamberlin, to sing in Illinois and Washington D.C. as support for the nomination of Illinois to host the fair.

Walter Howe Jones (died 1933), Director of the University of Illinois School of Music from 1895 to 1901, set the song lyrics to his own music for male voices in 1901. His version was published in several campus song books but was not widely used.

In 1925, Florence Fifer Bohrer (1877–1960) of Bloomington, daughter of Governor Joseph W. Fifer (1840-1938) and the first woman Illinois state senator, introduced the bill making "Illinois" with Johnston's melody the official state song. The bill was passed on 30 June 1925.

Colonel Armin F. Hand (1882?–1966) of Chicago composed a stylized version of the song titled "Governor's March (Illinois)" for marching band in 1935, and dedicated it to Governor Henry Horner (1879–1940). In 1949, the University of Illinois football band, the Marching Illini, conducted by Everett Kisinger (1912–1990) adapted this march as their pregame "Entrance No. 3" played before each home game. It was revised by James Curnow in 1972.

In addition to the original four verses of the lyrics, two more were written in 1966 by folk singer Win Stracke (1908-1991) for the 1968 Illinois Sesquicentennial. A marching band arrangement by John Warrington (1911–1978) was issued at the same time.

In 2018 the Illinois House of Representatives passed HR 184, a resolution encouraging the playing of "Illinois" at government events, commencement exercises, and other events at state universities. The resolution was drafted by Chicago author Stan "Tex" Banash and introduced by State Representative Michael P. McAuliffe.

Lyrics
By thy rivers gently flowing, Illinois, Illinois, O'er thy prairies verdant growing, Illinois, Illinois, Comes an echo on the breeze. Rustling through the leafy trees, and its mellow tones are these, Illinois, Illinois, and its mellow tones are these, Illinois.

From a wilderness of prairies, Illinois, Illinois, Straight thy way and never varies, Illinois, Illinois, Till upon the inland sea, Stands thy great commercial tree, turning all the world to thee, Illinois, Illinois, Turning all the world to thee, Illinois. Turning all the world to thee, Illinois.

When you heard your country calling, Illinois, Illinois, Where the shot and shell were falling, Illinois, Illinois, When the Southern host withdrew, Pitting Gray against the Blue, there were none more brave than you, Illinois, Illinois, There were none more brave than you, Illinois. There were none more brave than you, Illinois.

Not without thy wondrous story, Illinois, Illinois, Can be writ the nation's glory, Illinois, Illinois, On the record of thy years, Abraham Lincoln's name appears, Grant and Logan, and our tears, Illinois, Illinois, Grant and Logan, and our tears, Illinois. Grant and Logan, and our tears, Illinois.

The following verses were written by Win Stracke in 1966:

Eighteen-eighteen saw your founding, Illinois, Illinois, And your progress is unbounding, Illinois, Illinois, Pioneers once cleared the lands, Where great industries now stand. World renown you do command, Illinois, Illinois, World renown you do command, Illinois. World renown you do command, Illinois.

Let us pledge in final chorus, Illinois, Illinois That in struggles still before us, Illinois, Illinois To our heroes we'll be true, As their vision we pursue. In abiding love for you, Illinois, Illinois. In abiding love for you, Illinois. In abiding love for you, Illinois.

title: Illinois (song)


text:
User:Ssundar

Sundar Subramanian

Graduate student with the Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering. University of Texas at Austin

Interests: Math, Probability, Carnatic Music

title: User:Ssundar


text: Category:Bridges in Switzerland

title: Category:Bridges in Switzerland


text:
All Around the World (Oasis song)

"All Around the World" is a song by the English rock band Oasis. It was written by the band's lead guitarist and principal songwriter Noel Gallagher. Released on 12 January 1998 as the third single from their third studio album, Be Here Now (1997), it is the longest song ever recorded by Oasis. The song peaked at number one on the UK Singles Chart, becoming the longest song ever to reach number one, and earned a Gold certification. This was the last Oasis single to be released on the Creation Records label. The song also reached number one in Ireland and peaked at number 15 on the US Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart.

Nearly ten minutes long, the song is embellished with string and horn pieces, and is followed by the two-minute-long instrumental "All Around the World (Reprise)". Upon its release, the reviews were generally positive. As with many Oasis songs (such as "Whatever", "Acquiesce", "Live Forever") it sends the message that "everything's gonna be okay". This was their last UK single to feature rhythm guitarist Paul "Bonehead" Arthurs and bassist Paul McGuigan before they left the band in 1999.

History
The song was one of the first to be written by Noel, and there are recorded sessions of the band rehearsing it at the Boardwalk club as early as 1992. However, despite Noel's fondness for the song, it did not appear on their first two albums—Definitely Maybe and (What's the Story) Morning Glory?—as he wanted to wait until the band could afford to produce the song in the extravagant manner in which it eventually appeared. Gallagher has claimed that this is one of the best songs he has ever written.

The final production sound for the song was envisaged as early as spring 1994. In the interview "Wibbling Rivalry," Noel Gallagher said of the song, "With Supersonic, I worried I was never going to write another song after that 'cos I thought, 'It sounds that good'... Two days later I superseded it by about 50 fuckin' times. The reason we haven't recorded that song is because there isn't enough money in Creation Records' bank balance to pay for the production of that record." Noel also added when asked if there would be an orchestra on it, "Orchestras, man? It's not got to be one, it's got to be two".

The final version premiered on 11 August 1997 on BBC Radio 1's The Evening Session hosted by Steve Lamacq, ten days before the release of the album, alongside the album tracks "The Girl in the Dirty Shirt" and "Be Here Now".

Noel described the song shortly before the release of the album: "I wrote this one ages ago, before 'Whatever'. It was twelve minutes long then. It was a matter of being able to afford to record it. But now we can get away with the 36-piece orchestra. And the longer the better as far as I'm concerned. If it's good. I can see what people are going to say, but fuck 'em, basically."

"The lyrics are teeny-poppy. But there are three key changes towards the end. Imagine how much better Hey Jude would have been with three key changes towards the end. I like the ambition of it, all that time ago. What was all that about when we didn't even have our first single out? Gin and tonics, eh?"

The harmonica pieces on the track were performed by Mark Feltham. Backing vocals were provided by Noel and Liam's then-wives, Meg Mathews and Patsy Kensit, along with Richard Ashcroft of The Verve.

When it was suggested (by Dominic Mohan) that Oasis take legal action against pop band Hear'Say for their first single's ("Pure and Simple") similarity to "All Around the World", Noel simply laughed at the hypocrisy of such an act from a man who was famous for "borrowing" from other artists. Portions of the song's chorus were used as background music for AT&T's advertising campaign for "The New AT&T" after their merger with SBC.

Reprise
A two-minute, ten-second instrumental reprise of the song closes the Be Here Now album.

Critical reception
British Music Week gave "All Around the World" four out of five, writing, "Another slice of wall of sound from the Gallagher brothers [...]. Obviously inspired by The Beatles' "Hey Jude", this is typically catchy and destined to become another classic sing-along Oasis hit."

Music video
Keeping with the feel of the song, the music video was also a lavish affair. Featuring the band in a yellow spaceship, the animated piece saw them travel through a world akin to The Beatles' Yellow Submarine film. The video was directed by Jonathan Dayton and Valerie Faris and took 24 computer animators and 6 months to make.

Track listings

 * UK 7-inch and cassette single
 * 1) "All Around the World" (7-inch edit)
 * 2) "The Fame"

 * UK and Australian CD single
 * 1) "All Around the World"
 * 2) "The Fame"
 * 3) "Flashbax"
 * 4) "Street Fighting Man" (Jagger/Richards)

 * UK 12-inch single
 * 1) "All Around the World"
 * 2) "The Fame"
 * 3) "Flashbax"

Personnel
Oasis
 * Liam Gallagher – lead vocals, tambourine
 * Noel Gallagher – lead and acoustic guitars, backing vocals
 * Paul Arthurs – rhythm guitar
 * Paul McGuigan – bass
 * Alan White – drums

Additional musicians
 * Mike Rowe – piano
 * Mark Feltham – harmonica
 * Richard Ashcroft – backing vocals
 * Nick Ingman – string and brass arrangements

title: All Around the World (Oasis song)


text:
Talk:All Around the World (Oasis song)

Headline text
The release date for this is off. Shouldn't it be in 1996 or 1997?

The album was released in 1997, this was the final single to be 4released rfrom it, in early 1998.--Crestville 17:07, 14 May 2005 (UTC)

This song is currently played every 5 minutes or so on American television.--PMsfo 06:41, 5 March 2006 (UTC)

Fact or Fiction?
Was AATW the longest single to ever go #1 in the UK? If so, should this fact be added to the article?--Play Brian Moore 11:21, 1 April 2006 (UTC)

 * it used to be in there. Check the history and see why it was removed.--Crestville 16:39, 8 August 2006 (UTC)

Slide Guitar
Was it just me who heard Johnny Depp played slide guitar on this track-the-muffin-man- 21:05, 22 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I think you're thinking of Fade In-Out

Fair use rationale for Image:Oasis All Around the World sleeve cover.jpg
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Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

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BetacommandBot (talk) 00:54, 14 February 2008 (UTC)

Mark Feltham
The link to Mark Feltham (harmonica player) goes to a page about a cricket player called Mark Feltham. Is it the same person or are there two Mark Feltham's? Iainjones1980 (talk) 16:47, 23 August 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:All Around the World (Oasis song)


text: Category:The Stooges albums

title: Category:The Stooges albums


text:
Max Palevsky

Max Palevsky (July 24, 1924 – May 5, 2010) was an American art collector, venture capitalist, philanthropist, and computer technology pioneer. He was known as a member of the Malibu Mafia – a group of wealthy American Jewish men who donated money to liberal and progressive causes and politicians.

Early life
Palevsky was born in Chicago, Illinois, to Jewish immigrant parents — Izchok (Isadore) Palevsky (born May 10, 1890, in Pinsk, in the Brest Region of the Russian Empire [now in Belarus], died September 27, 1969, in Los Angeles), and Sarah Greenblatt (born May 16, 1894, died December 28, 1949, in Chicago). Izchok had arrived in Baltimore from Bremen, Germany, on the S.S. Brandenburg on March 18, 1910, while Sarah immigrated around 1916. Palevsky's parents spoke Yiddish fluently, but little English. His father, a house painter, did not have a car and had to use the Chicago streetcars to transport his equipment.

The youngest of three children, Palevsky grew up at 1925½ Hancock Street in Chicago. His older brother, Harry (September 16, 1919 — September 17, 1990), was a physicist who helped develop the atomic bomb at Los Alamos National Laboratory; his sister, Helen (born 1920), married Melvin M. Futterman (December 28, 1918 – March 14, 1989).

After graduating from public high school in Chicago, Palevsky volunteered for the US Army Air Corps as a weatherman during World War II and served from 1943 to 1946. For his training he went for a year to the University of Chicago for basic science and mathematics and Yale University for electronics. He was then sent to New Guinea, which was the Air Force's central base for electronics in the South Pacific. After the war, the GI Bill made it financially feasible for Palevsky to earn a B.S. in mathematics and a B.Ph. in philosophy from the University of Chicago in 1948. Palevsky also did graduate work in philosophy at UCLA, UC Berkeley, and the University of Chicago.

Computers
After attending and resigning from a doctorate program in philosophy at UCLA, where he had served as a teaching assistant in the philosophy department, Palevsky discovered computer technology through a lecture at Caltech by John von Neumann about the advent of computer technology.

Palevsky began working in the computer industry in 1950 for $100 a week building computers at Northrop Aircraft. Between March 1950 and January 1951, he built copies of the MADIDDA, a special-purpose computer intended to solve differential equations. The MADIDDA was designed by physicist Floyd Steele, who left Northrop in 1950, a year after the MADIDDA's completion. Priced from $25,000 to $30,000, MADDIDA would prove to be the last and most sophisticated dedicated differential analyzer ever built once all attention soon turned to electronic computers.

Two years after Palevsky joined Northrop, the division was sold to Bendix Corporation. Palevsky worked at Bendix from 1952 to 1956 designing digital differential analyzers as a project engineer, working on the logic design for the company's first computer. In March 1956, Bendix offered their first digital computer, the Bendix G-15, described by some as the first personal computer (a claim that is widely disputed). Palevsky worked on the DA-1 differential analyzer option, which connected to the G-15 and resulted in a machine similar to the MADDIDA, using the G-15 to re-wire the inputs to the analyzer instead of the custom drums and wiring of the earlier machine.

In March 1957, Palevsky went on to work at Packard Bell Corporation, at a new affiliate of the company that he started, called Packard Bell Computer Corp., in a storefront at 11766 W Pico Boulevard in West Los Angeles. He was vice president and director of the new division. The new facility launched a research and development program in the digital computer field, with a staff of experienced engineers and skilled technicians to implement the new development. Palevsky convinced the company that they should enter the computer business and helped develop the first silicon computer, which became the PB 250, which was modestly successful. In April 1960, Packard-Bell Computer Corp. and Bailey Meter Co. signed an agreement for the exclusive application of PB250's in the control of power plants. As vice president and general manager of Packard Bell Computer, Palevsky supervised the building of a new 20000 sqft building at 1935 Armacost Avenue to house the firm's expanding computer activities, for consolidation of computer and systems engineering and for needed expansion of systems as well as computer manufacturing facilities. Palevsky gave many lectures during this period, including at the second international meeting on analog computation at Strasbourg, France, in September 1958.

Scientific Data Systems
Palevsky felt that ten percent of the market of small to medium size scientific and process control computers was being totally neglected. He started looking for venture capital to start a company to address this market, and through contacts from the University of Chicago was able to raise $1 million from Arthur Rock and the Rosenwald family of the Sears Roebuck fortune. He left Packard Bell with eleven associates from the computer division to found Scientific Data Systems of California in September 1961.

Within a year they introduced the SDS 910, which made the company profitable. Initially, it targeted scientific and medical computing markets. From 1962 to 1965, the company introduced seven computers, all of them commercial successes. On March 15, 1966, they introduced the Sigma 7, the first of a family of machines that marked the full-scale entry of the company into new areas of business data processing, time sharing, and multiprocessing. The Sigma 7 had business capabilities because the once-separate disciplines of business and scientific electronic data processing had developed to the point where one machine could handle both. SDS captured a little more than two per cent of the overall digital computer market in 1966 and continued to grow with the market.

Palevsky sold SDS to Xerox in May 1969 for $920 million, with Arthur Rock's assistance, at which time he became a director and chairman of the Executive Committee of Xerox Corporation. Palevsky's initial investment of $60,000 in SDS became nearly $100 million at the sale. He retired as a director of Xerox in May 1972.

Political donor
In 1972 Palevsky donated $319,000 to George McGovern, and in 1973 he managed Tom Bradley's first successful campaign for mayor of Los Angeles. He made numerous friends and allies on the California political scene, including former governor Gray Davis, and was elected to serve on Common Cause's National Governing Board in 1973. Many were dismayed at Palevsky's $1 million contribution in support of California Proposition 25, a campaign-finance reform initiative. He said to Newsweek: "I am making this million-dollar contribution in hopes that I will never again legally be allowed to write huge checks to California political candidates."

Palevsky raised funds in 2007 to help Barack Obama with the 2008 United States presidential election.

Arts, culture, and venture capital
As a venture capitalist, Palevsky helped to fund many companies, including Intel, which grew to become one of the nation's leading semiconductor companies and a pioneer in the development of memory chips and microprocessors. Palevsky became a director along with Arthur Rock, who helped bankroll SDS, at the company's founding, on July 18, 1968, as NM Electronics Corporation, a name later changed to Intel (August 6, 1968). Intel was funded with $2 million in venture capital assembled by Arthur Rock. Palevsky became a director emeritus in February 1998.

Palevsky also became a director and chairman of Rolling Stone, which he rescued from financial ruin in 1970 by buying a substantial share of the stock. While on the board he became friends with the late Hunter S. Thompson, inventor of what came to be called Gonzo journalism. In December 1970, Cinema V, a movie-theater distribution operation, entered film production in a joint venture, Cinema X, with Palevsky. Palevsky went into independent production with Peter Bart, former production vice president of Paramount Pictures in November 1973, with a Paramount contract to produce six features in three years. Palevsky produced and bankrolled several Hollywood films, including Fun with Dick and Jane and Islands in the Stream both with Peter Bart in 1977, and Endurance in 1998. Author Albert Goldman dedicated his controversial 1988 biography The Lives of John Lennon to Palevsky. In June 1977, Palevsky was elected to the board of the American Ballet Theatre.

Palevsky also served as a director and chairman of the Board of Silicon Systems Inc. of Tustin, California, from April 1983 until February 1984; as chairman and chief executive of the board of Daisy Systems Corporation, a maker of computer systems used to design electronic circuits based in Mountain View, California; and, from November 1984 to 1999, as a director of Komag Corp., a Milpitas, California, based maker of data storage media.

Palevsky also collected art, particularly Japanese woodblock prints, and gave generously to establish and maintain institutions of visual art. He established the Palevsky Design Pavilion at the Israel Museum in Jerusalem. He also built an Arts & Crafts collection at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA), and donated $1 million to help establish the Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art. In 2001, he promised his art holdings to LACMA, but his collection of 250 works was scheduled to be sold by Christie's in the Fall of 2010.

Max Palevsky funded the American Cinematheque's refurbishment of the Aero Theater in Santa Monica. The theater re-opened in January 2005 and bears his name.

The University of Chicago

Palevsky served as a trustee at his alma mater from 1972 to 1982. He established the Palevsky Professorship in History and Civilization in 1972 and the Palevsky Faculty Fund in 1996.

In 2000, Palevsky donated $20 million to his alma mater to enhance residential life. In 2001, the university completed construction on three large colorful dorms that are connected through tunnels and bear his name. A one-screen cinema at the university is also named after him, and is the home of Doc Films, the oldest continuously running student film association in the United States.

Personal life
Palevsky was married six times and divorced five. He had five children. He was married to his first wife, Mary Joan Yates (Joan Palevsky), from 1952 to 1968. With her huge divorce settlement, the largest at that time in California, she became a renowned philanthropist. With Max, she had two children, Madeleine and Nicholas Palevsky. Joan died in 2006. His second wife was Sara Jane Brown, whom he married on September 6, 1969. In November 1972, he married Lynda L. Edelstein, his third wife, the mother of his sons, Alexander and Jonathan Palevsky. Jodie Evans, his fourth wife and widow, is a political activist and mother of Matthew Palevsky.

Palevsky owned homes notable for their architecture, furniture, and art collections. Three California Houses: The Homes of Max Palevsky featured architecture and design by Ettore Sottsass of the Memphis group, Craig Ellwood, George Washington Smith, and Coy Howard.

In 1985 and 1988, Palevsky was named to the Forbes 400 list of wealthiest Americans. His estimated worth for those years was $600 million (1985) and $640 million (1988).

Palevsky died at the age of 85 of heart failure on May 5, 2010, at his home in Beverly Hills, California.

title: Max Palevsky


text:
Tohoku Gakuin University

Tohoku Gakuin University (東北学院大学) is a private university in Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. It was founded under the influence of Christian Reformed missionaries.

Times Higher Education places Tohoku Gakuin University in the 150+ bracket in its ranking of Japan's 200 best universities.

History
The university was founded in 1886 (Meiji 19) as Sendai Theological Seminary by Oshikawa Masayoshi (1850–1928), one of Japan's first Protestants, and Protestant missionary William Edwin Hoy. Oshikawa, an ex-samurai in Matsuyama became the seminary's first president. In 1891, the school was renamed Tohoku Gakuin (東北學院) and a course for non-Christian students was added.

The first president Oshikawa resigned in 1901 and was succeeded by David Bowman Schneder (1857–1938). In 1904, college courses were added and authorized by the Specialized School Order. The college at first had two Departments: Letters, Theology. In 1918, Normal School and the Department of Commerce were added. In 1926, the main building (still used today) was built in Tsuchitoi Campus. Schneder left the college due to age, but even in his last days he had strong faith and gave the sermon titled "I am not ashamed of the gospel" (1936, the 50th anniversary of the school).

During World War II, the college was virtually forced to stop functioning and Tohoku Gakuin College of Aeronautical Engineering (東北學院航空工業專門學校) was established instead (1944–1947).

After the war, following education reforms in Japan, it was reorganized into the Tohoku Gakuin University in 1949.

Undergraduate Faculties

 * Letters (in Tsuchitoi Campus, Aoba-ku, Sendai)
 * Economics (in Tsuchitoi Campus)
 * Business Administration (in Tsuchitoi Campus)
 * Law (in Tsuchitoi Campus)
 * Engineering (in Tagajo Campus)
 * Liberal Arts (in Izumi Campus, Izumi-ku, Sendai)

Graduate schools

 * Letters
 * Economics
 * Business Administration
 * Law (including Law School)
 * Engineering
 * Human Informatics (in Izumi Campus)

Notable alumni

 * Tōru Doi (Member of the lower house)
 * Takayuki Kishi (Professional baseball player)
 * Takeshi Koike (Announcer for Aomori Broadcasting Corporation)
 * Kazuko Kōri (Member of the lower house)
 * Takeo Mabashi (Basketball coach)
 * Takenobu Mitsuyoshi (Composer, singer)
 * Masashi Nakano (Member of the lower house, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry cabinet minister)
 * Shunrō Oshikawa (Science fiction author)
 * Norio Sasaki (Composer)
 * Kyōka Suzuki (Actress)
 * Kenichi Takahashi (Professional basketball player)
 * Yūji Takahashi (Announcer for Iwate Menkoi Television)
 * Kōichi Yamadera (voice actor and actor)

title: Tohoku Gakuin University


text:
Talk:Thaddeus McCotter

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title: Talk:Thaddeus McCotter


text:
List of companies in Houston

This is a list of major companies or subsidiaries headquartered in Houston, Texas and Greater Houston.

Other notable companies based in Houston
In addition to the Fortune 500 companies above, many other companies in multiple fields are headquartered or have based their US headquarters in Houston.

 * Allis-Chalmers Energy
 * Allpoint
 * Al's Formal Wear
 * American Bureau of Shipping
 * American National Insurance Company (Galveston)
 * Aon Hewitt
 * Archimage
 * Avelo Airlines
 * Axiom Space
 * Baker Botts
 * BMC Software
 * Bill.com
 * Boardwalk Pipeline Partners
 * Buc-Ee's (Pearland, Texas)
 * Bracewell LLP
 * Bristow Group
 * Cadence Bank
 * Cal Dive International
 * CAMAC Energy
 * Camden Property Trust
 * Cardtronics
 * Charming Charlie
 * Chord Energy
 * Citgo
 * Civeo Corporation
 * Comfort Systems USA
 * Cooper Industries
 * Coterra
 * cPanel
 * Cybersoft
 * Diamond Offshore Drilling
 * Direct Energy
 * Dynegy
 * Enbridge
 * EnergyFunders
 * Family Tree DNA
 * Fertitta Entertainment
 * Fiesta Mart
 * FlightAware
 * Forum Energy Technologies
 * Freeport-McMoRan Oil & Gas
 * Fuddruckers
 * Fulbright & Jaworski
 * Geokinetics
 * Gexa Energy
 * Golden Nugget Online
 * Great Lakes Dredge & Dock Co
 * Gulf South Pipeline
 * Gulf States Toyota Distributors
 * HCC Insurance Holdings
 * Helix Energy Solutions Group
 * Hines Interests Limited Partnership
 * Honeywell
 * HostGator
 * Howard Hughes Corporation
 * Insperity
 * Integrated Electrical Services
 * ION Geophysical
 * James Coney Island
 * Jiffy Lube
 * Joe's Crab Shack
 * KBR, Inc.
 * Kelsey-Seybold Clinic
 * Key Energy Services
 * Kinder Morgan Energy Partners
 * Kirby Corporation
 * Landry's Restaurants
 * Leisure Learning Unlimited
 * Luby's
 * Lukoil U.S.
 * LyondellBasell US headquarters
 * Mac Haik
 * Marble Slab Creamery
 * Mattress Firm
 * Marathon Oil
 * McDermott International
 * Memorial Hermann Healthcare System
 * The Methodist Hospital
 * MetroCorp Bancshares
 * Mexican Restaurants, Inc.
 * Microvast
 * Motiva Enterprises
 * Murphy Oil
 * Nabors Industries
 * Nalco Champion
 * National Tire and Battery
 * Nutex Health
 * Oceaneering International
 * Omega Protein
 * OpenStax
 * Pappas Restaurants
 * Par Pacific Holdings
 * Patterson-UTI
 * Piping Technology and Products
 * Powell Industries
 * PROS
 * Randall's Food Markets
 * Rainforest Cafe
 * RedTube
 * Rice Epicurean Markets
 * Saltgrass Steakhouse
 * St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital
 * Salata Salad Kitchen
 * Seaboard International
 * Service Corporation International
 * Shipley Do-Nuts
 * Simmons & Company International
 * SnapStream
 * Southwestern Energy
 * Southwestern National Bank
 * Spec's Wine, Spirits & Finer Foods
 * Stage Stores Inc.
 * Stewart & Stevenson
 * Stewart Information Services Corporation
 * Tailored Brands
 * Tellurian
 * Texas Children's Hospital
 * Talos Energy
 * Texas Children's Hospital
 * Transwestern
 * Two Pesos
 * Valaris Limited
 * Vinson & Elkins
 * Valencia Group
 * Weatherford International
 * Weed Eater
 * WidgetCo, Inc.
 * Willbros Group
 * Woodforest National Bank

Foreign companies with American headquarters in Houston

 * Air Liquide
 * BHP
 * BP
 * Banorte
 * CEMEX
 * Daikin
 * EDP Renewables
 * Engie
 * Equinor
 * Fugro
 * JX Nippon Oil & Energy
 * Mahindra Group
 * Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
 * PDVSA
 * Petrobras
 * Sasol
 * Sabic
 * Schlumberger
 * Shell plc
 * SK Innovation
 * TC Energy
 * TechnipFMC
 * Tokio Marine
 * TotalEnergies
 * Transocean
 * Wood Group
 * Worley
 * Yokogawa Electric

Companies with a large presence in Houston

 * Amazon
 * AIG
 * Aon
 * Collins Aerospace
 * Chevron
 * Deloitte
 * ExxonMobil
 * HP Inc.
 * Honeywell
 * Jacobs Engineering Group
 * JPMorgan Chase
 * Minute Maid
 * Stellantis
 * United Airlines Holdings
 * Wells Fargo

title: List of companies in Houston


text:
Charles Cavilla

Charles Cavilla is a Canadian politician. He was the leader of the Christian Heritage Party of Canada from the convention at Ottawa in October 1991 until March 1993. A difference of vision on leadership between Cavilla and the party board resulted in the transfer of leadership on an interim basis to Heather Stilwell. Cavilla characterized the transfer of leadership as an "illegal act." Cavilla is married to Eileen and has eight children, and fifteen grandchildren.

title: Charles Cavilla


text:
Blue Meanie

Blue Meanie(s) may refer to:

In fiction

 * Blue Meanies (Yellow Submarine), fictional music-hating creatures in the films Yellow Submarine and Across the Universe
 * Blue Meanies, fictional cat-like creatures in Katherine Applegate's book series Remnants

Other

 * Blue Meanies (Illinois band), an American ska-core band founded in Carbondale, Illinois
 * Blue Meanies (Canadian band), later known as New Meanies
 * Blue Meanies (Apple Computer), a former engineering group within Apple Computer
 * The Blue Meanie, real name Brian Heffron, a professional wrestler
 * "Blue Meanie", a slang term for police officers
 * "Blue Meanies From Outer Space", a game on the VIC20
 * "Blue Meanie", a nickname for Holden Dealer Team special edition of the Holden VK Commodore

title: Blue Meanie


text:
Wikipedia:Peer review/Education in the United States/archive2

Education in the United States
I have watched this article for several months now and it has grown and improved amazingly. Half of the current article was once POV bullets. It has survived POV crises and I think it can survive them in the future as well, even though it is by nature controversial. However, imput is always appreciated and since I would like to eventually make it a Feautured Article, this is obviously the first step.--naryathegreat | (talk) 23:21, Jun 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * One point I'd like to see explored is the US college admissions system. I know from a bit of knowledge that it is based on a lot more than just grades, where in Australia you need to get a certain score at school to get into certain courses. In the US, you need a certain SAT to get into a college, and then you can study whatever you like (right?). Some info on why this system is used, and why weight is placed on extra-curricualr activity like sport and the Arts. Also, a reference is made in the "History" section to a History of education in the United States article that doesn't exist. Is it being created, or is this just a dead link? Harro5 00:33, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * I think maybe we could expand on the admissions tests, but there is no set score on any test required. The point made in the article is that American education is not very standardized, which is why extra curricular activities are important.  Colleges want to see students involved outside the classrooms, a positive note in a sea confusion.--naryathegreat | (talk) 22:50, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Previously, colleges and universities placed great emphasis on SAT/ACT scores and high grades for admission; the high school valedictorian was almost guaranteed admission to all but the most selective schools. This "intellectual model" focused on students who offered the strongest academic credentials, often without taking into account the ability of the student to exist in a community. The old stereotype (which in my experience was not particularly inaccurate) portrays intellectual students as eschewing any social-skill enhancing activities (high school clubs, sports, musical ensembles, etc.) in favor of uninterupted study.

 * However, as colleges and universities have moved towards a more community-centered model, the "well-rounded" student has gained the upper hand. These students may not present overwhealming credentials (straight-A's from all four years of high school and 1500+ (out of 1600) SAT scores), but present widespread interest in community projects, sporting events, and other extracurricular activities that indicate that a student is well grounded and able to function within a community. My experience is that universities are more interested in students who possess an adult attitude (demonstrated through broad interests) and the ability to peacefully co-exist with students, faculty, and staff in the university community. -- Essjay ·  Talk 11:23, Jun 18, 2005 (UTC)

 * A couple of things I don't see addressed here. The first is the issue of the long summer vacation in the U.S. schools. I could be wrong, but I believe it's about twice as long as in, say, England. Over 12 years that adds up to nearly the equivalent of a full year of lost schooling. (I think it's related to an old requirement for school children to be able to help out during the harvest season.) Also I believe that U.S. starts education a year later than in England. (I had to skip a year when we moved to the U.S.) So by the time you graduate, you're up to two years behind. Perhaps somebody else could confirm this? — RJH 16:31, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * That's a good point, I'll add summer vacation; however, it already states when students begin schooling and I don't see any point comparing this to when students begin in every other country. People can deduce that themselves.--naryathegreat | (talk) 02:07, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Hmm, unfortunately I have to disagree. The point of an encyclopedia is to inform, not to create a puzzle in deductive reasoning. If the summer vacation in the U.S. differs substantially from most other countries, that's a notable element that is specific to that education system. A student in the U.S. is probably unaware of the difference and would likely never check. — RJH 15:00, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * It strikes me that several things are missing from the "how-far-are-we-behind" mathematics. (Please forgive me, much of this is off the top of my head, from informal discussions with colleagues.)
 * First, some countries have a practice of giving students one afternoon off per week (I seem to remember that France offers Wednesday afternoon off, but I cannot recall the source of that information), which accounts for a significant amount of time over the course of a school year.
 * Some countries have extended lunch times (U.S. children typically have between 20-30 mins for lunch; other countries offer upwards of an hour. I seem to remember a discussion of two hour lunch periods in some country; the idea was for students to go home for lunch.)
 * Also, there are additional public holidays in some countries (most U.S. schools have less than ten public holidays that are celebrated with a day off school (Labor Day, Memorial Day, Thanksgiving Day & the following Friday, Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, Election Day, and one or two "inservice" days for teacher traning). (I seem to remember the French practice of "faire le pont" where if a holiday falls on Tuesday or Thursday, the Monday before or Friday after is taken as a holiday as well; this only occurs in the US with Thanksgiving.)
 * I am not familiar with the length or frequency of term breaks in other countries, but U.S. students typically receive two weeks for Christmas holiday and one week in the spring in addition to the June-August summer vacation (and many schools are moving thier schedules later into June and earlier into August). (Secondary education in France suggests a September to mid-June schedule, a time period that would equate closely to the US system.)
 * I am also not familiar with start/end times in other countries, but my experience has been that most U.S. schools begin between 7:00 and 7:45AM, and end between 2:30 and 3:30 PM; schools that offer breaks between classes usually offer 5-7 mins. If other countries begin later in the morning, or end earlier in the afternoon, or offer longer breaks, this time will add up as well. (Education in Germany suggests an 8:00AM-1:30PM day, easily two hours shorter than the standard US school day, with 5-20 min breaks during the day; that's potentially 14 hours less per week.)
 * It strikes me that the potential is available for a significant amount of time off from school because of the differing systems; I don't believe the claim that U.S. children receive two years less schooling is accurate. If you factor in days off, afternoons off, different start/end times, extended/additional breaks, double or triple lunch times, etc. there is the possiblity that the systems may be very similar in actual time spent in the classroom. -- Essjay ·  Talk 11:23, Jun 18, 2005 (UTC)
 * I must say that there simply isn't enough reason to ramble on about the summer vacation thing for much space. It is briefly discussed here, but I don't think we need to discuss the comparison to breaks in other countries in any detail (there's currently a sentence) because this article is about Education in the United States.  If somebody wanted to write Summer break (education) or the like go ahead, but this article really doesn't seem to be the place.--naryathegreat | (talk) 02:32, Jun 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree entirely that there is no need for an extensive analysis of school breaks, I was simply responding to the request above: "So by the time you graduate, you're up to two years behind. Perhaps somebody else could confirm this?" (emphasis added). -- Essjay ·  Talk 03:18, Jun 19, 2005 (UTC)

I would like to see inline cites when statistics are quoted, I think its very important that statistics are verifiable. Things that are completely absent include vocational education and adult education (teaching adults literacy and numeracy etc). There is a brief discussion of gifted education but no equivalent section on special education. Where do community colleges fit in in the scheme of things?--nixie 11:44, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)

I never thought of those before, with the exception of community colleges, which is discussed in the following excerpt:

''Some students choose to attend a "community college" for two years prior to further study at a college or university. A community college is run by the local municipality, usually the county. Though rarely handing out actual degrees, community colleges may award an Associate of Arts (AA) degree after two years. Those seeking to continue their education must transfer to a four-year college or university (after applying through the same admission processes as normal freshmen, see articulation). Some community colleges have automatic enrollment agreements with a local four-year college, where the community college provides the first 2 years of study and the four-year university provides the 3rd and 4th year of study, all on one campus. For example, the University of Houston System has partnered with community colleges in neighboring cities to provide bachelor's and master's degrees in cities that are only served by community colleges. The community college awards the associate's degree and the university awards the bachelor's and master's degrees.''

As you can see, over 3/4 of the undergraduate study section concern community colleges. I personally think this is enough discussion (I'm actually pretty sure you just missed it). Also, I don't feel that the gifted discussion is brief. As for vocational education, that is a hard topic to cover. And adult education is worth a mention. I added a section over special education, see what you think.--naryathegreat | (talk) 01:47, Jun 18, 2005 (UTC)

As nixie suggested, the number one problem with this article is that there are no citations. Statements like "a majority of Americans approve of teaching evolution" should have citations to back up their claims. Without these citations the statements cannot be trusted. The Kurt Cobain article provides a good example of how to do citations. Without citations this article will never become a feature article. Pictures may also benefit the article if it is to obtain feature article status. Cedars 03:57, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree with the citations and I added some. Because the Manual of Style identifies numerical and plain links as bad style, they have short reference names.  Please look at these and point out locations where others should be added (or you could even add them yourself ;-) --naryathegreat | (talk) 05:16, Jun 19, 2005 (UTC)

I've added a list of things that I think need clarification and sources to the talk page of the article. I think you can safely remove the terminology section from the article, no one will question your use of American English. For section 7 you can probably remove United States from the section headings since the article is clearly about education in the United States.--nixie 04:46, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * I've also added a list. Good work on the article so far. Cedars 08:57, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)

The section comparing the merits of public and private secondary schools seems a bit slanted. I removed one claim that was misleading, namely, that most public schools can only afford teachers with bachelor's or associate's degrees. (If that's true, it's even more true of private schools; public school teachers are more likely than private school teachers to have master's degrees.) Other claims in this section need to be either removed or backed up with sources and statistics. For instance, "Most public K-12 schools are moderately underfunded" is a controversial claim. What's the evidence for this? How does average spending per student at public schools compare with average spending per student at private schools? Empiricallyrob 4 July 2005 01:24 (UTC)


text: Category:Bridges in Thailand

title: Category:Bridges in Thailand


text:
Greenhill School (Addison, Texas)

Greenhill School is a co-educational day school in Addison, Texas, United States. The school was founded in 1950 by Bernard Fulton. The 78 acre campus is located 12 mi north of downtown Dallas, Texas. It enrolls about 1,270 students from throughout the Dallas Metroplex. The school is the first co-educational, non-denominational pre-kindergarten through grade 12 school in Dallas and is a member of both the Independent Schools Association of the Southwest (ISAS) and the Southwest Preparatory Conference (SPC).

History
Greenhill School was founded in 1950 as a co-educational option among the independent schools in Dallas. From 1950 to 1976, Bernard Fulton served as the founding headmaster. At the time, he introduced the concepts of independent co-education, the primer program, and open-space education while the school grew from 62 students to 1,002. After he retired from Greenhill School, he became the headmaster of Lakehill Preparatory School, and later, Fulton Academy in Rockwall, Texas, was named after him as well. On October 20, 1990, Governor Bill Clements declared Bernard Fulton Day “for his dedication to the education of young people in Dallas, in Texas, and in the nation."

From 1955 to 1959, late State Representative Fred Agnich of Dallas was chairman of the board of the Greenhill School and was instrumental in the early development of the institution.

The original Upper School building was part of a pre-existing farmhouse in the school. It also housed Greenhill's library, cafeteria, and administrative offices. In 1963, a fire decimated the Upper School building; it was rebuilt in 1974. The building suffered another fire in 1987 but reopened the following year.

Academics
The school is divided into four sections: Preschool, Lower School, Middle School, and the Upper School, which houses about 470 students in grades 9-12.

Students are required to complete 48 hours of community service before graduating. The school is commonly known for having a rigorous program.

In addition to maintaining a top education program, Greenhill is home to several well decorated co-curriculars. Its Band, Orchestra, Debate, Film, and Quiz Bowl programs have all garnered numerous state and national awards for their efforts.

The Water Tower
Each year, the incoming seniors paint the Water Tower in the parking lot with graffiti. They spray their names on it with an overriding theme and picture to depict their grade.

First Day of School
On the first day of school, students arrive on campus with a painted water tower. The senior class comes to school with females dressed in white and males dressed in black. The whole school also attends an assembly in the Phillips Gymnasium to ring in the new year.

Founder's Day
Founder's Day is the annual September 11 celebration of Greenhill's establishment on September 11, 1950. The whole school meets in the Phillips Gymnasium for an assembly to commemorate two teachers and honor five faculty members. The Student Council President (a senior) lights the Founder's Day Candle with the current longest working faculty member. During the assembly, the Service-Learning and Community Service Program announces the Estelle Dickens service project for the year. Legacy Heart of the Hill groups are named during this assembly. The Heart of the Hill program brings groups of students from each division—Lower, Middle and Upper—together to help instill a sense of community across the campus.

Senior Breakfast
The Alumni Association holds the annual senior breakfast in the fall for the graduating seniors. During this time, the graduating seniors meet with alumni and are given their senior sweatshirts.

Athletics
Greenhill is a member of the Southwest Preparatory Conference which includes private schools from Texas and Oklahoma. Students start playing athletics for the school when they enter the 7th grade and are able to participate in Basketball, Baseball, Cheerleading, Cross Country, Diving, Golf, Field Hockey, Football, Lacrosse, Soccer, Softball, Swimming, Tennis, Track and Field, and Volleyball.

Greenhill has had many prominent athletes. For example, Ashley Rape (Class of 2008) was selected as Gatorade Texas Girl Soccer Player of the Year and a Parade All-American who went on to play for played Duke University. Chelsey Sveinsson (Class of 2011) was Gatorade Texas Girls Cross Country Runner of the Year for 3 consecutive years. Sveinsson also won the 2008 Nike National Cross Country Championship.

The following records were found at the Greenhill Website and the Southwest Preparatory Conference Website. Due to the lack of retained information, some championships have not been recorded.

Notable alumni

 * David Berman, musician, Silver Jews
 * Jordan Carlos, comedian/actor
 * Molly Erdman, actress, author and improvisational comedian
 * Lesli Linka Glatter, Emmy-nominated film and television director, president of the Directors Guild of America
 * Mila Hermanovski, fashion designer, Project Runway Season 7 finalist and Project Runway: All Stars contestant
 * Ilyse Hogue, progressive activist, former NARAL Pro-Choice America president
 * Rashad Hussain, American attorney, diplomat, and professor
 * Jackie 'Butch' Jenkins, actor
 * Eric Johnson, 60th Mayor of Dallas and former member of the Texas House of Representatives
 * Ronald Judkins, winner of the Academy Award for Best Sound for Jurassic Park and Saving Private Ryan
 * R. F. Kuang, novelist and fantasy author of The Poppy War
 * Aaron Kurz, classical pianist
 * Anthony Lovett, author, actor, director
 * Martie Maguire, musician, The Chicks, Court Yard Hounds
 * Cooper Raiff, filmmaker and actor; winner of the 2022 Audience Award at the Sundance Film Festival for Cha Cha Real Smooth
 * Emily Robison, musician, The Chicks, Court Yard Hounds
 * Lela Rose, fashion designer
 * Scott Rothkopf, director of the Whitney Museum of American Art
 * Iliza Shlesinger, comedian, actress and television host
 * Grant Solomon, former professional tennis player
 * Rob Stone, actor and documentary producer/director
 * Karen Rupert Toliver, Executive Vice President of Sony Pictures, winner of the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film for Hair Love
 * Beth Van Duyne, U.S. Representative for Texas' 24th Congressional District and former mayor of Irving, Texas

title: Greenhill School (Addison, Texas)


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Nova Scotia Highway 111

Highway 111 is a 13 km controlled-access highway in Halifax Regional Municipality, Nova Scotia, Canada.

Highway 111 varies in width from 4-12 lanes and is known colloquially as the Circumferential Highway, or, more recently, "the Circ", because it forms a partial orbital road around Dartmouth. The highway runs from Pleasant Street in the neighbourhood of Woodside in the south to the A. Murray MacKay Bridge in the north.

It serves as a key transportation link for Dartmouth and Halifax. The section from Highway 118 (Woodland Avenue) to the MacKay Bridge was constructed at the same time as the bridge, opening in 1970. The portion from Pleasant Street to Woodland Avenue was built in 1960 and was twinned in 1977.

Micmac Rotary
The Micmac (or Mic Mac) Rotary was a traffic circle located at the intersection of Hwy 111 with Route 318 (Braemar Drive) and Trunk 7 (Main Street/Prince Albert Road/Grahams Grove). It was named after nearby Lake Micmac, which was partially in-filled to accommodate it. The Micmac Rotary was notorious for rush hour congestion, even resulting in the recording of a song entitled "Mic Mac Rotary Blues".

The rotary was removed during a redesign of the intersection in the late 1980s which saw it replaced by the "Micmac Parclo", which consists of a series of overpasses and controlled access lanes. The resulting roadway through the Parclo and across Lake Micmac to the interchange with Highway 118 is the widest in Atlantic Canada at 10-12 lanes.

Highway of Heroes
On May 22, 2013 Highway 111 was officially named "Highway of Heroes" by Premier Darrell Dexter.

title: Nova Scotia Highway 111


text:
User talk:Gaswim

Please stop adding nonsense to Wikipedia. It is considered vandalism. If you want to experiment, please use the sandbox. Thank you. --JYolkowski // talk 23:22, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Please stop. If you continue to vandalize pages, you will be blocked from editing Wikipedia. --JYolkowski // talk 23:26, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)

This is your last warning. The next time you vandalize a page you will be blocked from editing. --JYolkowski // talk 23:30, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Gaswim


text: User talk:85.178.59.4

title: User talk:85.178.59.4


text: Category:Buildings and structures in Thailand


text: Category:Bridges in Laos

title: Category:Bridges in Laos


text: Category:Buildings and structures in Laos


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Santa Lucía de Tirajana

Santa Lucía de Tirajana is a town and a Spanish municipality in the south-eastern part of the island of Gran Canaria, in the Province of Las Palmas, in the Canary Islands.

Geography
The town of Santa Lucía de Tirajana is situated in the mountains, 27 km south-west of Las Palmas. Its population is 68,506 (2013), and the area is 61.56 km².

The municipality includes the larger towns Cruce de Sardina, El Doctoral and Vecindario, located near the coast.

The GC-1 passes through the south-eastern part of the municipality.

Heritage sites

The archaeological site La Fortaleza is listed as a Property of cultural interest.

There are nine water mills dating from the 19th century, built on the Riego de la Zarcilla river. Most of them kept working up to the 1970s. Since then, many fell into disrepair. Ownership may be public or private. On the municipality, the two mills of El Valle (olive oil for one and gofio for the other) were declared properties of cultural interest in 2003. D. Benjamín González Araña, who owns the olive oil mill, had its restoration completed in 2004. The council of Gran Canaria had the gofio mill repaired in 2003.

title: Santa Lucía de Tirajana


text:
Talk:Charles Cavilla

Untitled
clearer words on the change of leadership in 1993 could be said, but I prefer to leave history where it is. Mr. Cavilla was offered, and accepted, reconciliation to close the past. GBC 00:20, 12 June 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Charles Cavilla


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Romanesque Revival architecture

Romanesque Revival (or Neo-Romanesque) is a style of building employed beginning in the mid-19th century inspired by the 11th- and 12th-century Romanesque architecture. Unlike the historic Romanesque style, Romanesque Revival buildings tended to feature more simplified arches and windows than their historic counterparts.

An early variety of Romanesque Revival style known as Rundbogenstil ("Round-arched style") was popular in German lands and in the German diaspora beginning in the 1830s. By far the most prominent and influential American architect working in a free "Romanesque" manner was Henry Hobson Richardson. In the United States, the style derived from examples set by him are termed Richardsonian Romanesque, of which not all are Romanesque Revival.

Romanesque Revival is also sometimes referred to as the "Norman style" or "Lombard style", particularly in works published during the 19th century after variations of historic Romanesque that were developed by the Normans in England and by the Italians in Lombardy, respectively. Like its influencing Romanesque style, the Romanesque Revival style was widely used for churches, and occasionally for synagogues such as the New Synagogue of Strasbourg built in 1898, and the Congregation Emanu-El of New York built in 1929. The style was quite popular for university campuses in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, especially in the United States and Canada; well-known examples can be found at the University of California, Los Angeles, University of Southern California, Tulane University, University of Denver, University of Toronto, and Wayne State University.

The Romanesque Revival or Norman Revival in Great Britain

The development of the Norman revival style took place over a long time in the British Isles, starting with Inigo Jones's refenestration of the White Tower of the Tower of London in 1637–38 and work at Windsor Castle by Hugh May for King Charles II, but this was little more than restoration work. In the 18th century, the use of round arched windows was thought of as being Saxon rather than Norman, and examples of buildings with round arched windows include Shirburn Castle in Oxfordshire, Wentworth in Yorkshire, and Enmore Castle in Somerset. In Scotland the style started to emerge with the Duke of Argyl's castle at Inverary, started in 1744, and castles by Robert Adam at Culzean (1771), Oxenfoord (1780–82), Dalquharran, (1782–85) and Seton Palace, 1792. In England James Wyatt used round arched windows at Sandleford Priory, Berkshire, in 1780–89 and the Duke of Norfolk started to rebuild Arundel Castle, while Eastnor Castle in Herefordshire was built by Robert Smirke between 1812 and 1820.

At this point, the Norman Revival became a recognisable architectural style. In 1817, Thomas Rickman published his An Attempt to Discriminate the Styles of English Architecture from the Conquest To the Reformation. It was now realised that 'round-arch architecture' was largely Romanesque in the British Isles and came to be described as Norman rather than Saxon. The start of an "archaeologically correct" Norman Revival can be recognised in the architecture of Thomas Hopper. His first attempt at this style was at Gosford Castle in Armagh in Ireland, but far more successful was his Penrhyn Castle near Bangor in North Wales. This was built for the Pennant family, between 1820 and 1837. The style did not catch on for domestic buildings, though many country houses and mock castles were built in the Castle Gothic or Castellated style during the Victorian period, which was a mixed Gothic style.

However, the Norman Revival did catch on for church architecture. Thomas Penson, a Welsh architect, would have been familiar with Hopper's work at Penrhyn, who developed Romanesque Revival church architecture. Penson was influenced by French and Belgian Romanesque Revival architecture, and particularly the earlier Romanesque phase of German Brick Gothic. At St David's Newtown, 1843–47, and St Agatha's Llanymynech, 1845, he copied the tower of St. Salvator's Cathedral, Bruges. Other examples of Romanesque revival by Penson are Christ Church, Welshpool, 1839–1844, and the porch to Langedwyn Church. He was an innovator in his use of Terracotta to produce decorative Romanesque mouldings, saving on the expense of stonework. Penson's last church in the Romanesque Revival style was Rhosllannerchrugog, Wrexham, 1852.

The Romanesque adopted by Penson contrasts with the Italianate Romanesque of other architects such as Thomas Henry Wyatt, who designed Saint Mary and Saint Nicholas Church, in this style at Wilton, which was built between 1841 and 1844 for the Dowager Countess of Pembroke and her son, Lord Herbert of Lea. During the 19th century, the architecture selected for Anglican churches depended on the churchmanship of particular congregations. Whereas high churches and Anglo-Catholic, which were influenced by the Oxford Movement, were built in Gothic Revival architecture, low churches and broad churches of the period were often built in the Romanesque Revival style. Some of the later examples of this Romanesque Revival architecture is seen in Non-conformist or Dissenting churches and chapels. A good example of this is by the Lincoln architects Drury and Mortimer, who designed the Mint Lane Baptist Chapel in Lincoln in a debased Italianate Romanesque revival style in 1870. After about 1870, this style of Church architecture in Britain disappears, but in the early 20th century, the style is succeeded by Byzantine Revival architecture.

Canada
Two of Canada's provincial legislatures, the Ontario Legislative Building in Toronto and the British Columbia Parliament Buildings in Victoria, are Romanesque Revival in style.

University College, one of seven colleges at the University of Toronto, is an example of the Romanesque Revival style. Construction of the final design began on 4 October 1856.

Sweden
The Vasa Church in Gothenburg, Sweden, is another prime example of the Neo-Romanesque style of architecture.

United States
The Church of the Pilgrims—now the Maronite Cathedral of Our Lady of Lebanon—in Brooklyn Heights, Brooklyn, designed by Richard Upjohn and built 1844–46, is generally considered the first work of Romanesque Revival architecture in the United States. It was soon followed by a more prominent design for the Smithsonian Institution Building in Washington, DC, designed by James Renwick Jr. and built 1847–51. Renwick allegedly submitted two proposals to the design competition, one Gothic and the other Romanesque in the style. The Smithsonian chose the latter, which was based on designs from German architecture books. Several concurrent forces contributed to the popularizing of the Romanesque Revival in the United States. The first was an influx of German immigrants in the 1840s, who brought the style of the Rundbogenstil with them. Second, a series of works on the style was published concurrently with the earliest built examples. The first of these, Hints on Public Architecture, written by social reformer Robert Dale Owen in 1847–48, was prepared for the Building Committee of the Smithsonian Institution and prominently featured illustrations of Renwick's Smithsonian Institution Building. Owen argued that Greek Revival architecture—then the prevailing style in the United States for everything from churches to banks to private residences—was unsuitable as a national American style. He maintained that the Greek temples upon which the style was based had neither the windows, chimneys, nor stairs required by modern buildings, and that the low-pitched temple roofs and tall colonnades were ill-adapted to cold northern climates. To Owen, most Greek Revival buildings thus lacked architectural truth, because they attempted to hide 19th-century necessities behind classical temple facades. In its place, he offered that the Romanesque style was ideal for a more flexible and economic American architecture.

Soon after, the Congregational Church published A Book of Plans for Churches and Parsonages in 1853, containing 18 designs by 10 architects, including Upjohn, Renwick, Henry Austin, and Gervase Wheeler, most in the Romanesque Revival style. Richard Salter Storrs and other clergy on the book's committee were members or frequent preachers of Upjohn's Church of the Pilgrims. St. Joseph Church in Hammond, Indiana, is Romanesque Revival.

The most celebrated "Romanesque Revival" architect of the late 19th century was H. H. Richardson, whose mature style was so individual that it is known as "Richardsonian Romanesque". Among his most prominent buildings are Trinity Church (Boston) and Sever Hall and Austin Hall at Harvard University.

His disciple, R.H. Robertson, designed in a similar style. Robertson is responsible for the construction of Pequot Library, Shelburne Farms, the New York Savings Bank, and Jackie Kennedy's childhood home Hammersmith Farm.

Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception
The Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception is a large Catholic minor basilica and national shrine located in Washington, D.C., United States of America. The shrine is the largest Catholic church in North America, one of the largest churches in the world, and the tallest habitable building in Washington, D.C. Its construction of Byzantine Revival and Romanesque Revival architecture began on September 23, 1920, with renowned contractor John McShain and was completed on December 8, 2017, with the dedication and solemn blessing of the Trinity Dome mosaic on December 8, 2017, the Feast of the Immaculate Conception, by Cardinal Donald William Wuerl.

title: Romanesque Revival architecture


text:
Oval

An oval is a closed curve in a plane which resembles the outline of an egg. The term is not very specific, but in some areas (projective geometry, technical drawing, etc.) it is given a more precise definition, which may include either one or two axes of symmetry of an ellipse. In common English, the term is used in a broader sense: any shape which reminds one of an egg. The three-dimensional version of an oval is called an ovoid.

Oval in geometry

The term oval when used to describe curves in geometry is not well-defined, except in the context of projective geometry. Many distinct curves are commonly called ovals or are said to have an "oval shape". Generally, to be called an oval, a plane curve should resemble the outline of an egg or an ellipse. In particular, these are common traits of ovals:

Here are examples of ovals described elsewhere:
 * they are differentiable (smooth-looking), simple (not self-intersecting), convex, closed, plane curves;
 * their shape does not depart much from that of an ellipse, and
 * an oval would generally have an axis of symmetry, but this is not required.
 * Cassini ovals
 * portions of some elliptic curves
 * Moss's egg
 * superellipse
 * Cartesian oval
 * stadium

An ovoid is the surface in 3-dimensional space generated by rotating an oval curve about one of its axes of symmetry. The adjectives ovoidal and ovate mean having the characteristic of being an ovoid, and are often used as synonyms for "egg-shaped".

Projective geometry

 * In a projective plane a set $Ω$ of points is called an oval, if:
 * 1) Any line $l$ meets $Ω$ in at most two points, and
 * 2) For any point $P ∈ Ω$ there exists exactly one tangent line $t$ through $P$, i.e., $t ∩ Ω = {P}$.

For finite planes (i.e. the set of points is finite) there is a more convenient characterization:
 * For a finite projective plane of order $n$ (i.e. any line contains $n + 1$ points) a set $Ω$ of points is an oval if and only if $|Ω| = n + 1$ and no three points are collinear (on a common line).

An ovoid in a projective space is a set $Ω$ of points such that:
 * 1) Any line intersects $Ω$  in at most 2 points,
 * 2) The tangents at a point cover a hyperplane (and nothing more), and
 * 3) $Ω$ contains no lines.

In the finite case only for dimension 3 there exist ovoids. A convenient characterization is:
 * In a 3-dim. finite projective space of order $n > 2$ any pointset $Ω$ is an ovoid if and only if |$Ω$|$$=n^2+1$$ and no three points are collinear.

Egg shape
The shape of an egg is approximated by the "long" half of a prolate spheroid, joined to a "short" half of a roughly spherical ellipsoid, or even a slightly oblate spheroid. These are joined at the equator and share a principal axis of rotational symmetry, as illustrated above. Although the term egg-shaped usually implies a lack of reflection symmetry across the equatorial plane, it may also refer to true prolate ellipsoids. It can also be used to describe the 2-dimensional figure that, if revolved around its major axis, produces the 3-dimensional surface.

Technical drawing

In technical drawing, an oval is a figure that is constructed from two pairs of arcs, with two different radii (see image on the right). The arcs are joined at a point in which lines tangential to both joining arcs lie on the same line, thus making the joint smooth. Any point of an oval belongs to an arc with a constant radius (shorter or longer), but in an ellipse, the radius is continuously changing.

In common speech
In common speech, "oval" means a shape rather like an egg or an ellipse, which may be two-dimensional or three-dimensional. It also often refers to a figure that resembles two semicircles joined by a rectangle, like a cricket infield, speed skating rink or an athletics track. However, this is most correctly called a stadium.

The term "ellipse" is often used interchangeably with oval, despite not being a precise synonym. The term "oblong" is often used incorrectly to describe an elongated oval or 'stadium' shape. However, in geometry, an oblong is a rectangle with unequal adjacent sides (i.e., not a square).

title: Oval


text:
Pixley ka Isaka Seme

Pixley ka Isaka Seme OLS (c. 1881 – June 1951) was a South African lawyer and a founder and President of the African National Congress.

Early life
Seme was born at Inanda, a small community of the American Zulu Mission of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. He was the last-born son of Isaka Seme and Eliza Bhulose, who were prominent mission members. He had ten siblings, including four brothers: Marsh, Nompondo, Mbekwana Isaac, and Lindley Ponqela. His six sisters were Lucy, Loti, Sannah, Speke, Dalitha, and Martha. The Seme family originated from the northern parts of what is today known as KwaZulu-Natal province in an area close to the St Lucia estuary. His grandfather was Sinono, the son of Mbuyazi of Njonjo of Khuwana of Mqumbela of Sokoti of Seme. The Semes were members of the Mthethwas, one of the prominent polities in 18th and early 19th century southern Africa.

The Bhuloses, Seme's mother people, are part of a much larger clan, which includes the Ndelus, the Mselekus, and the Dumas. Seme's family was influenced by the missionaries of the American Congregational Church, which is evident in the names of Seme's siblings. His eldest brother, Marsh, for instance, was named after Rev. Samuel Marsh, the founder of the American Zulu Mission at Thafamasi in Natal, while his brother Lindley was named after Rev. Daniel Lindley, while Pixley himself took his name after Rev. Stephen Pixley. Similarly, his sisters, such as Dalitha, Lucy, Sannah, and Loti, were named after prominent female members of the American Zulu Mission. His sister, Sannah Masinga, was the mother of K.E. Masinga, the legendary broadcaster of Radio Bantu, the precursor of Ukhozi FM.

Until he arrived in Massachusetts in late 1898, Seme was known as Isaac. Only when he applied to study at Northfield Mount Hermon School did he change his name to Pixley, presumably in honor of Rev. Stephen Pixley, a missionary who had been instrumental in getting him to study in the United States of America. He changed his name again when he got to Columbia University in 1902 by adding 'ka Isaka.' From then on, he became known as Pixley ka Isaka Seme.

Education
Pixley started his schooling at the local mission school in Inanda. From then on, he went to study at Adams College, which is in the south of Durban. Adams, named after the missionary Dr. Newton Adams, was also an institution of the American Zulu Mission. In 1898, Seme sailed to the United States to attend high school, which he did at Mount Hermon School, MA, where he graduated in 1902 (now the Northfield Mount Hermon School ).

From 1902 to 1906, he was an undergraduate student at Columbia University in New York City. While at Columbia, he was active in the university's debating society. In 1906, his senior year at the university, he was awarded the Curtis Medal, Columbia's highest oratorical honor. at various points in his life, Seme wished to become a medical doctor; he subsequently decided to become a lawyer and applied to pursue his legal studies at the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. In October 1906 a member of Jesus College. He was admitted to the Middle Temple on 12 February 1907 and was Called to the Bar on 8 June 1910.

Seme returned to South Africa in 1910, and began to practice as a lawyer in Johannesburg.

Politics
In 1911, Seme established the South African Native Farmers Association to encourage farm workers to buy land in the Daggakraal area, and thus attain personal independence. This led the white government to enact the Natives Land Act of 1913, barring "black" people from owning land in South Africa.

In response to the formation of the Union of South Africa, Seme worked with several other young African leaders recently returned from university studies in England, Richard Msimang, George Montsioa and Alfred Mangena, and with established leaders of the South African Native Convention in Johannesburg to promote the formation of a national organization that would unify various African groups from the separate colonies. In January 1912, these efforts bore fruit with the founding meeting of the South African Native National Congress, later renamed the African National Congress.

Seme was also the lawyer of Queen Regent Labotsibeni of Swaziland, through whom the first ANC newspaper Abantu-Batho was financed. Later, in 1922, Seme accompanied King Sobhuza II as part of a delegation to London to meet British authorities and the King regarding the land proclamation in Swaziland.

Seme's nationalist organizing among Africans paralleled the contemporaneous efforts of Mohandas Gandhi with South African Indians.

Personal life
Seme was very close to the Zulu and Swazi royal families. This is primarily symbolized by his marriage to Phikisele Harriet ka Dinizulu, the daughter of the then King Dinuzulu, and to Lozinja, daughter of Swazi King Mbandzeni.

title: Pixley ka Isaka Seme


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Čedo Vuković

Čedo Vuković (Чедо Вуковић; 28 September 1920 – 7 April 2014) was a Montenegrin writer.

Vuković was born in Đulići, Andrijevica municipality in north-eastern Montenegro. His early novel, "Mrtvo duboko", is a story written about hiding of a Partisan from Chetniks in an isolated Montenegrin village called Mrtvo Duboko (which literary means Deep Dead) during World War II. Among his other works are books for children "Svemoćno oko" (Allmighty Eye), "Letjelica profesora Bistrouma" (Flying Machine of Professor Brightmind) and "Tim Lavlje srce" (Lion-heart Team). He wrote many other novels including "Visine" and "Rustem", dramatic works like "Bijele vrane" and "Harmonija", and short-story collections. He lived in Podgorica and Budva and was a member of Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts. He died in Budva on 7 April 2014 after a long illness.

title: Čedo Vuković


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Talk:Martyrdom of the 26 Saints of Japan

out of stupid curiosity/ignorance, is it confirmed that they were crucified? why would 16th century Japanese think to crucify people? Binkymagnus 23:28, 2005 Jun 11 (UTC)
 * Crucifixion was apparently practiced in feudal Japan but in a different form where the victim was stabbed with a spear rather than being left to die. See the crucifixion article. Supposedly they found it a particularly apt punishment for dealing with Christians. DopefishJustin (･∀･) 22:49, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)

Merge
This entire article is duplicated in the Martyrs of Japan article. Would like to have them merged soon unless there are any specific objections.


text: Talk:Elizabeth Davis

title: Talk:Elizabeth Davis


text: User talk:166.82.24.241

title: User talk:166.82.24.241