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Shatterproof Is Not a Challenge

Shatterproof Is Not a Challenge is the second studio album by British-based rock band Hundred Reasons, released on 1 March 2004, through Columbia Records.

Following the album's release, the band were dropped by Columbia Records. In 2006 guitarist Larry Hibbitt stated that:"there were a lot of things that were wrong with [the album]. A lot of it was to do with the fact that we had absolutely no working relationship with the label by the time it came out. There was loads of pressure to get Shatterproof out and get the ball rolling again. They just wanted a record - any record. It just got put out and forgotten about. It still sold 65,000 but nobody quite seems to realise that."

On the official Hundred Reasons message board, guitarist Paul Townsend responded to a poll asking which of the band's first albums were better: "I think this topic might be easier to answer if I wasn't in the band. Both albums had there ups and downs, good and bad memories. I was much more confident with Shatterproof. With Ideas we were doing everything for the first time, we learned a lot. With Shatterproof we were so keen to move forward we never really focused on the things we got right (silly buggers). I think we got bits right on both albums, but naturally not everything. So again, we learned a lot."

"Still Be Here" is about singer Colin Doran reconnecting with his father, whom he had not seen for six years.

The album reached number twenty in the UK Albums Chart, and was number one on Radio 1's Rock Album Chart.

Track listing
All tracks written by Hundred Reasons
 * 1) "Savanna" – 3:10
 * 2) "Stories With Unhappy Endings" – 3:48
 * 3) "What You Get" – 3:27
 * 4) "The Great Test" – 1:59
 * 5) "Harmony" – 3:34
 * 6) "Lullaby" – 3:39
 * 7) "My Sympathy" – 3:45
 * 8) "80mph" – 1:53
 * 9) "Still Be Here" – 3:48
 * 10) "Pop" – 3:10
 * 11) "Truth With Elegance" – 4:19
 * 12) "Makeshift" – 3:10

B-sides

 * "L.E.D." (released with "The Great Test")
 * "Change of Season" (released with "The Great Test")
 * "Anyone Else's Conclusion" (released with "The Great Test")
 * "Seven Years" (released with "The Great Test")
 * "What's Right" – 3:22 (released with "What You Get")
 * "When You're Done For" (released with "What You Get")
 * "Don't Forget" – 3:08 (released with "What You Get")

Singles
In November 2003, four months prior to the album's release, "The Great Test" was released as a single, followed by "What You Get" in February 2004.

Personnel
Band Line-up
 * Colin Doran - Lead Vocals
 * Larry Hibbitt - Guitar, Vocals (Lead Vocals on the chorus for "Pop")
 * Paul Townsend - Guitar, Vocals (Lead Vocals on the verses for "Pop")
 * Andy Gilmour - Bass
 * Andy Bews - Drums

Producer
 * Dave Sardy

Engineers
 * Greg Gordon
 * Juan Garcia
 * Andy Saroff
 * Jeff Hoffman

Mixed By
 * Dave Sardy

Mastered By
 * Stephen Marcussen

Drums Tech
 * Artie Smith

Guitar Tech
 * Stuart Valentine

Artwork
Sleeve Design and Illustration
 * Mark Unwin for Precession Industries

Photo
 * Steve Gullick

title: Shatterproof Is Not a Challenge


text:
Trumpler (lunar crater)

Trumpler is a lunar impact crater on the far side of the Moon. It was named by the IAU in 1970 after Swiss-American astronomer Robert Julius Trumpler (1886–1956). It lies just to the south of the crater Nušl, and northwest of Freundlich. To the southwest is the heavily battered crater Tikhomirov.

This is an old, eroded crater with an outer rim that has been damaged in places by subsequent impacts, especially along the southwestern section. The rim edge has been worn to the point where it is now poorly defined, and forms an uneven ridge in the surface. A short chain of small craterlets extends from near the crater midpoint to just outside the eastern rim. The southern interior floor is generally less impacted in the northern half.

Satellite craters
By convention these features are identified on lunar maps by placing the letter on the side of the crater midpoint that is closest to Trumpler.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Trumpler (lunar crater)


text:
Giraut de Bornelh

Giraut de Bornelh (c. 1138 – 1215), whose first name is also spelled Guiraut and whose toponym is de Borneil or de Borneyll, was a troubadour connected to the castle of the viscount of Limoges. He is credited with the formalisation, if not the invention, of the "light" style, or trobar leu.

Biography
Giraut was born to a lower-class family in the Limousin, probably in Bourney, near Excideuil in modern-day France. Guiraut might have accompanied Richard I of England and Aimar V of Limoges on the Third Crusade and stayed a while with the "good prince of Antioch", Bohemond III. He certainly made a pilgrimage to the Holy Land, but perhaps before the Crusade.

Works
About ninety of Giraut's poems and four of his melodies survive; these were held in high esteem in the 13th century: Petrarch called him "master of the troubadours", while Dante, who preferred Arnaut Daniel, mentions that many considered him superior. Notable pieces include:
 * S'anc jorn aqui joi e solaz, a planh about the death of Raimbaut d'Aurenga.
 * Ara·m platz, Giraut de Borneill, a tenso with Raimbaut d'Aurenga discussing trobar clus versus trobar leu.
 * Be me plairia, senh'en reis, a tenso with king Alfons II of Aragon Giraut contributes to the poetical debate as to whether a lady is dishonoured by taking a lover who is richer than herself. This debate was begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier, taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut d'Aurenga, and continued in a partimen between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon.
 * Reis glorios (glorious king), a well-known alba.

title: Giraut de Bornelh


text:
Racetam

Racetams are a class of drugs that share a pyrrolidone nucleus. Some, such as piracetam, aniracetam, oxiracetam, pramiracetam and phenylpiracetam are considered nootropics. Others such as levetiracetam, brivaracetam, and seletracetam are anticonvulsants.

Mechanism
There is no universally accepted mechanism of action for racetams. Racetams generally show negligible affinity for common central nervous system receptors, but modulation of central neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine and glutamate, has been reported. Although aniracetam and nebracetam show affinity for muscarinic receptors, only nefiracetam demonstrates nanomolar interactions. Modification of membrane-located mechanisms of central signal transduction is another hypothesis.

Like some ampakines, some racetams, such as piracetam and aniracetam, are positive allosteric modulators of the AMPA receptor.

Racetams are understood to work by allosterically modulating glutamate receptors, specifically AMPA receptors, leading to Ca2+ influx that is excitatory. Racetams are posited to enhance memory through interaction with glutamate receptors in the central nervous system.

Methylphenylpiracetam is a positive allosteric modulator of the sigma-1 receptor.

Cofactors
In studies with aged rats, marked improvement has been observed in cognitive tasks in experimental groups given piracetam. Performance was further increased when piracetam was combined with choline. Evidence in studies with rats has indicated that the potency of piracetam is increased when administered with choline.

Australia
All racetams are schedule 4 substances in Australia under the Poisons Standard (February 2020). A schedule 4 substance is classified as "Prescription Only Medicine, or Prescription Animal Remedy – Substances, the use or supply of which should be by or on the order of persons permitted by State or Territory legislation to prescribe and should be available from a pharmacist on prescription."

title: Racetam


text: User talk:83.70.164.172

title: User talk:83.70.164.172


text:
Talk:Stoke Mandeville Hospital

Untitled
Clostridium difficile anyone? What is a good reference, and does it need to be in Wikipedia? JFW | T@lk  21:06, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Well I heard it on local radio so that's a difficult one to reference, however the BBC news website comes up trumps: though you can add it because I wouldn't even know where to start - diseases are not my knowledge base... -- Francs2000 | Talk  22:26, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

I would not normally include this in articles on hospitals, but this epidemic has gone on for a few years now. I made mention of it on Clostridium difficile in parallel with a widely publicised Canadian case, but in this case it may be dirty laundry to add it to this page reciprocally. JFW | T@lk  23:54, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Controversial Controversy
Adding a for the controvercy section. There are many separate sources all showing that there are major problems with Stoke Mandeville Hospital. I am bored of this being edited out by a single person only claiming that the post is biased because ...?

I have no issues talking about what goes into that section, but it must exist.

 * I have renamed and edited the section, hopefully to give it more balance. - Scribble Monkey (talk) 13:54, 2 May 2013 (UTC)

Stoke Mandeville Hospital Radio
Hopefully soon we may be able to move the hospital radio section of this article to a new article. Depending on how much the section can grow and confirmation from the stations committee, it may be quite soon. Uamaol (talk) 07:31, 17 December 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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Helene C of E School Worthing
Fund raising pictures from 70s and 80s West Sussex! 84.65.7.89 (talk) 12:24, 26 September 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Stoke Mandeville Hospital


text:
George Bush (pioneer)

George Washington Bush (c. 1779 – April 5, 1863) was an American pioneer and one of the first African-American (Irish and African) non-Amerindian settlers of the Pacific Northwest.

Early life and education
George Bush was born in Pennsylvania around 1779. An only child, he was raised as a Quaker and educated in Philadelphia. Bush's African American father, Matthew Bush, was born in India. Matthew Bush worked for a wealthy English merchant named Stevenson for most of his life. At Stevenson's home in Philadelphia, Matthew Bush met his wife, an Irish maid who also worked for Stevenson, and they married in 1778. Pennsylvania did not repeal its anti-miscegenation law until 1780, suggesting that Matthew Bush was either not considered black, or he was married under the care of Germantown Friends meeting in violation of the law. George's parents served Stevenson until his death. Stevenson had no other family and so left the Bushes a substantial fortune.

When he was about twenty years old, Bush moved to Illinois where he entered the cattle business for the first time. In about 1820 Bush moved his cattle business to Missouri where he remained for the next twenty years.

Soldier and trapper
Bush fought under Andrew Jackson in the War of 1812 at the Battle of New Orleans. (Bush, Jeremiah Mabie and William Rutledge are the only known War of 1812 veterans to have settled in Thurston County, and the earliest known U.S. veterans in the county. ) He later worked as a voyageur and fur trapper with a Frenchman named Joseph Robidoux IV headquartered in St. Louis, then spent several years in the Oregon Country working for the Hudson's Bay Company (HBC).

Missouri and marriage
About the time Robidoux was hired to establish a trading post at the Blacksnake Hills (which became St. Joseph, Missouri), Bush moved to the area near said trading post and in 1828 purchased (with cash not grant or homestead) 80 acres of land. His property was in an unorganized part of Clay County, where he married Isabella James, the daughter of a Baptist minister of German descent, on July 4, 1830. Missouri was a slave state at the time and had adopted anti-miscegenation laws in 1821, but like his father's marriage, there is no evidence that his marriage was thought to be illegal at the time. Bush was a free man and had never been a slave, but, while he was of African and Irish descent, Missouri did not provide him the same legal status as a white man. It is noted that the marriage was performed by John P. Smith, Justice of the Peace, who may have had an arrangement with Bush. Smith had been appointed Justice less than a month before Bush's marriage, immediately following the formation of Washington Township in May 1830. To qualify for the formation of the township they had to certify to the Secretary of State "that there were at least 95 taxable inhabitants in the township upon its creation," including George Bush, whose 1828 land purchase was within Washington Township boundaries.

Some sources state that his family lived in comfort there, while others suggest they faced increasing prejudice. Land records show they moved from the edge of Clay County to unorganized territory in what became Daviess County, and finally into unclaimed territory north of St. Joseph. This area was annexed after the Platte Purchase, and organized into Andrew County in 1841. The Bush family left a few years later.

The family had nine boys, of which six survived past infancy, including Owen in 1832, Joseph T in 1833, Riley B in 1836, Henry S in 1840, January J in 1844, all in Missouri, and Lewis Nisqually in 1847 in the new territory.

To the Northwest
In 1844, Bush and his family (along with five other families including his friend Michael Simmons, totaling 31 people) left Missouri, heading west on the Oregon Trail. Bush's navigation skills and knowledge of the western region, gained during his years as a trapper, made him the indispensable guide of the party. Isabella's training as a nurse was an important contribution as well. Bush and his family were also known to be very generous, purchasing supplies for their fellow travelers first in Missouri and later at great expense at Fort Bridger. Bush bought six Conestoga wagons, equipping them with enough provisions for a year, and helped several families make the trip to Oregon. According to the Bush family history, Bush built a false bottom onto his wagon in which he hid over a hundred pounds of silver, worth about $2,000. The great-granddaughter of Bush claims that Bush had hidden $5,000 in silver dollars, some gold bricks, and fifty dollar slugs. With him he brought many species of fruit and shade trees that he would plant in his farm at Bush Prairie.

By the time the Bush-Simmons party reached the Oregon Country over four months later, the Provisional Government of Oregon reacting to racially-charged violence had passed an exclusionary law barring black persons, slave or free, from entering the Oregon Territory on penalty of lashing. As a result, Bush and his party traveled north across the Columbia River, into territory that at the time was claimed by both the United States and Great Britain. The wagon path they laboriously cut would become the northern spur of the Oregon Trail. Bush's connections with the Hudson's Bay Company at Fort Vancouver may have helped the settlers gain access where the company had previously barred Americans from settling.

Bush Prairie
The Bushes and the other five families established a settlement, named Bush Prairie, at the southernmost tip of Puget Sound in what is now Tumwater, Washington. (Tumwater's official history gives most of the credit for its founding to Simmons and the other white settlers; and mentions only in passing one of the main founding fathers of Tumwater, George Bush) Bush and Michael Simmons built the area's first gristmill and sawmill in 1845, and Bush helped finance Simmons' logging company. Bush introduced the first mower and reaper to the area in 1856.

In addition to their farm, the Bushes ran a roadside hotel for free. Wayfarers traveling between Cowlitz Landing and Puget Sound liked to stop there. It was open to anyone who came through the area. The Bushes would give visitors a good square meal and gave gifts of grain and fruit grown on the Bush farm.

The Oregon Treaty of 1846 ended the joint administration north of the Columbia, placing Bush Prairie firmly in the United States. By staking an American claim to the area, Bush and his party had also brought Oregon's black American exclusion laws, clouding the title to their land; these laws would not have applied if the territory were under the British Empire. When the Washington Territory was formed in 1853, one of the first actions of the Territorial Legislature in Olympia was to ask Congress to give the Bushes unambiguous ownership of their land, which it did in 1855. Bush was thus among the first African-American landowners in Washington State.

According to the Oregon Trail History Library,

"The Bush-Simmons Party is credited by some historians as having been in large part responsible for bringing the land north of the Columbia River—the present-day state of Washington—into the United States. They established a presence that attracted other settlers and strengthened the American claim to the area in later debates between Great Britain and the United States over partitioning the Oregon Country."

George Bush lived out the rest of his life in Washington. He maintained excellent relations with local Amerindians, many of whom he nursed through epidemics of measles and smallpox. He also extended remarkable generosity towards his fellow settlers, sharing grain with needy neighbors rather than selling it to speculators at great personal profit. One year, wheat was in short supply and Bush was offered an unheard-of price for his entire crop. His response was

"I'll just keep my grain to let my neighbors who have had failures have enough to live on and for seeding their fields in the spring. They have no money to pay your fancy prices and I don't intend to see them want for anything in my power to provide them with."

Bush died in Tumwater on April 5, 1863. Isabella James Bush died September 12, 1866. Bush was buried in Tumwater, Washington at Union Cemetery, now a city pioneer cemetery called Bush/Union/Pioneer Calvary Cemetery. The cemetery is listed on the national, state and city registers of historic places.

Legacy
Historians have noted how Bush's experience exemplifies the interdependence and interconnection of people from different racial groups on the western frontier, as well as the ugliness of racial prejudice.

Their six sons carried on their tradition of farming and public service. The eldest, William Owen Bush, served twice in the Washington State Legislature. In 1890, he introduced the bill establishing the institution that is now Washington State University.

In 1973, Jacob Lawrence did a series of five paintings depicting George Bush's journey by wagon train from Missouri to Bush Prairie. The paintings are in the collection of the Washington State Historical Society.

In 2009, a Bush butternut tree was planted in Bush's memory on the grounds of the Washington State Capitol, and later also dedicated in honor of Martin Luther King Jr. The tree is a direct descendant of a seedling brought west on Bush's wagon and planted in 1845 at the Bush homestead on Bush Prairie. The original tree was one of the largest, and likely the oldest living butternut tree in the United States when it died in 2021.

A permanent monument to George Bush and his family on the Washington State Capitol campus was dedicated on November 19, 2021. This monument refers to the contributions of Mr. Bush and his son William Owen Bush to Washington Territory, Washington State, and what became Washington State University. A copy of this monument will be installed on the campus of Washington State University at Tri-Cities in Richland, Washington.

Name
Although Bush is widely known today by his ostensible full name of George Washington Bush, doubt has been cast on if "Washington" actually was his middle name, or was added later through mistaken conflation with fellow African-American pioneer George Washington of nearby Centralia, Wash.

title: George Bush (pioneer)


text:
Monadology

The Monadology (La Monadologie, 1714) is one of Gottfried Leibniz's best known works of his later philosophy. It is a short text which presents, in some 90 paragraphs, a metaphysics of simple substances, or monads.

Text
During his last stay in Vienna from 1712 to September 1714, Leibniz wrote two short texts in French which were meant as concise expositions of his philosophy. After his death, Principes de la nature et de la grâce fondés en raison, which was intended for prince Eugene of Savoy, appeared in French in the Netherlands. Christian Wolff and collaborators published translations in German and Latin of the second text which came to be known as The Monadology. Without having seen the Dutch publication of the Principes they had assumed that it was the French original of the Monadology, which in fact remained unpublished until 1840.

The German translation appeared in 1720 as Lehrsätze über die Monadologie and the following year the Acta Eruditorum printed the Latin version as Principia philosophiae. There are three original manuscripts of the text: the first written by Leibniz and glossed with corrections and two further emended copies with some corrections appearing in one but not the other. Leibniz himself inserted references to the paragraphs of his Théodicée ("Theodicy", i.e. a justification of God), sending the interested reader there for more details.

Context
The monad, the word and the idea, belongs to the Western philosophical tradition and has been used by various authors. Leibniz, who was exceptionally well-read, could not have ignored this, but he did not use it himself until mid-1696 when he was sending for print his New System. Apparently he found with it a convenient way to expound his own philosophy as it was elaborated in this period. What he proposed can be seen as a modification of occasionalism developed by latter-day Cartesians. Leibniz surmised that there are indefinitely many substances individually 'programmed' to act in a predetermined way, each substance being coordinated with all the others. This is the pre-established harmony which solved the mind-body problem, but at the cost of declaring any interaction between substances a mere appearance.

Summary
The rhetorical strategy adopted by Leibniz in The Monadology is fairly obvious as the text
 * begins with a description of monads (proceeding from simple to complicated instances),
 * then it turns to their principle or creator and
 * finishes by using both to explain the world.

(I) As far as Leibniz allows just one type of element in the building of the universe his system is monistic. The unique element has been 'given the general name monad or entelechy' and described as 'a simple substance' (§§1, 19). When Leibniz says that monads are 'simple,' he means that "which is one, has no parts and is therefore indivisible". Relying on the Greek etymology of the word entelechie (§18), Leibniz posits quantitative differences in perfection between monads which leads to a hierarchical ordering. The basic order is three-tiered: (1) entelechies or created monads (§48), (2) souls or entelechies with perception and memory (§19), and (3) spirits or rational souls (§82). Whatever is said about the lower ones (entelechies) is valid for the higher (souls and spirits) but not vice versa. As none of them is without a body (§72), there is a corresponding hierarchy of (1) living beings and animals (2), the latter being either (2) non-reasonable or (3) reasonable. The degree of perfection in each case corresponds to cognitive abilities and only spirits or reasonable animals are able to grasp the ideas of both the world and its creator. Some monads have power over others because they can perceive with greater clarity, but primarily, one monad is said to dominate another if it contains the reasons for the actions of other(s). Leibniz believed that any body, such as the body of an animal or man, has one dominant monad which controls the others within it. This dominant monad is often referred to as the soul.

(II) God is also said to be a simple substance (§47) but it is the only one necessary (§§38–9) and without a body attached (§72). Monads perceive others "with varying degrees of clarity, except for God, who perceives all monads with utter clarity". God could take any and all perspectives, knowing of both potentiality and actuality. As well as that God in all his power would know the universe from each of the infinite perspectives at the same time, and so his perspectives—his thoughts—"simply are monads". Creation is a permanent state, thus "[monads] are generated, so to speak, by continual fulgurations of the Divinity" (§47). Any perfection comes from being created while imperfection is a limitation of nature (§42). The monads are unaffected by each other, but each have a unique way of expressing themselves in the universe, in accordance with God's infinite will.

(III) Composite substances or matter are "actually sub-divided without end" and have the properties of their infinitesimal parts (§65). A notorious passage (§67) explains that "each portion of matter can be conceived as like a garden full of plants, or like a pond full of fish. But each branch of a plant, each organ of an animal, each drop of its bodily fluids is also a similar garden or a similar pond". There are no interactions between different monads nor between entelechies and their bodies but everything is regulated by the pre-established harmony (§§78–9). Much like how one clock may be in synchronicity with another, but the first clock is not caused by the second (or vice versa), rather they are only keeping the same time because the last person to wind them set them to the same time. So it is with monads; they may seem to cause each other, but rather they are, in a sense, "wound" by God's pre-established harmony, and thus appear to be in synchronicity. Leibniz concludes that "if we could understand the order of the universe well enough, we would find that it surpasses all the wishes of the wisest people, and that it is impossible to make it better than it is—not merely in respect of the whole in general, but also in respect of ourselves in particular" (§90).

In his day, atoms were proposed to be the smallest division of matter. Within Leibniz's theory, however, substances are not technically real, so monads are not the smallest part of matter, rather they are the only things which are, in fact, real. To Leibniz, space and time were an illusion, and likewise substance itself. The only things that could be called real were utterly simple beings of psychic activity "endowed with perception and appetite." The other objects, which we call matter, are merely phenomena of these simple perceivers. "Leibniz says, 'I don't really eliminate body, but reduce [revoco] it to what it is. For I show that corporeal mass [massa], which is thought to have something over and above simple substances, is not a substance, but a phenomenon resulting from simple substances, which alone have unity and absolute reality.' (G II 275/AG 181)" Leibniz's philosophy is sometimes called "'panpsychic idealism' because these substances are psychic rather than material". That is to say, they are mind-like substances, not possessing spatial reality. "In other words, in the Leibnizian monadology, simple substances are mind-like entities that do not, strictly speaking, exist in space but that represent the universe from a unique perspective." It is the harmony between the perceptions of the monads which creates what we call substances, but that does not mean the substances are real in and of themselves.

(IV) Leibniz uses his theory of Monads to support his argument that we live in the best of all possible worlds. He uses his basis of perception but not interaction among monads to explain that all monads must draw their essence from one ultimate monad. He then claims that this ultimate monad would be God because a monad is a “simple substance” and God is simplest of all substances, He cannot be broken down any further. This means that all monads perceive “with varying degrees of perception, except for God, who perceives all monads with utter clarity”. This superior perception of God then would apply in much the same way that he says a dominant monad controls our soul, all other monads associated with it would, essentially, shade themselves towards Him. With all monads being created by the ultimate monad and shading themselves in the image of this ultimate monad, Leibniz argues that it would be impossible to conceive of a more perfect world because all things in the world are created by and imitating the best possible monad.

title: Monadology


text:
Steve Austin (character)

Steve Austin is a science fiction character created by Martin Caidin for his 1972 novel, Cyborg. The lead character, Colonel Steve Austin, became an iconic 1970s television science fiction action hero, portrayed by American actor Lee Majors, in the American television series The Six Million Dollar Man, which aired on the ABC network for multiple television pilots in 1973, and then as a regular series for five seasons from 1974 to 1978. In the television series, Steve Austin takes on special high-risk government missions using his superhuman bionic powers. The television character Steve Austin became a pop culture icon of the 1970s. The Six Million Dollar Man TV series used the name Cyborg as its working title, during pre-production.

Caidin's version of Steve Austin appeared in only four original novels unrelated to the television series continuity: Cyborg, Operation Nuke, High Crystal, and Cyborg IV.

Following The Six Million Dollar Man television series, Lee Majors reprised the role of Colonel Steve Austin in several bionic-themed reunion television films in the late 1980s and 1990s.

Background
As originally conceived by Caidin, Austin is a former US Army helicopter pilot who served in Vietnam before transferring to the Air Force and then into NASA. As backup Lunar Module Pilot for Apollo 17, he became one of twelve astronauts to walk on the Moon when the primary lunar module pilot broke an arm before launch.

In the pilot episode of The Six Million Dollar Man, Austin's background is adjusted: he is a civilian test pilot who was the only civilian to walk on the moon. In the regular series, however, Austin once again became a military man, holding the rank of colonel in the Air Force. In the episode "Pilot Error" Austin is shown to be wearing both the Vietnam Service Medal and the Vietnam Campaign Medal on his dress uniform, implying that he is a Vietnam veteran. His other medals include the Distinguished Flying Cross (United States), the Air Medal, and the National Defense Service Medal. He is also seen in uniform wearing Air Force Outstanding Unit Award. Further, he is seen wearing either the USAF Command Pilot "Wings" or the USAF Command Pilot Astronaut "Wings", more specifically named the U.S. Air Force aeronautical rating.

In both versions of his origin, Austin is testing an experimental lifting body aircraft when a malfunction causes a crash. Austin's injuries are severe: both legs and one arm are lost, and he is also blinded in one eye and his skull is fractured (the TV version does not suffer the skull injury). One of Austin's best friends is Dr. Rudy Wells, a doctor and scientist who is a specialist in the newly emerging field of bionics; unknown to Wells, a secret American government intelligence agency, the Office of Strategic Operations (OSO; later changed to Office of Scientific Intelligence or OSI for TV) has been looking at a way of reducing agent casualties. Their solution is to take a severely injured man, rebuild him with bionics, and create a cyborg—part man, part machine. Wells is ordered to perform the procedure on Austin, who expresses a desire to commit suicide after learning about the loss of his limbs.

As cyborg
The operation to rebuild him costs $6 million ($36 million in 2018 dollars). Bionics are used to replace Austin's arm (his left in Caidin's original story; his right in the TV version) and both legs. Austin's eye is also replaced. Caidin and the TV series treat this differently; Caidin's Austin receives a sophisticated miniature camera (activated by pressing a hidden shutter implanted under Austin's skin after which the eye has to be removed before development of the film) but otherwise remains blinded in that eye, while the television version not only restores sight but also has extreme telescopic magnification and infrared capabilities. His legs and arm provide Austin with superhuman speed, strength, and endurance (the latter because, Caidin writes, Austin's heart and lungs only need to power his torso, head and remaining arm). Caidin's character also had some additional bionic parts his TV counterpart lacked, such as a steel-reinforced skull, a poison dart gun built into one of his bionic fingers, and a radio transmitter built into a rib.

Another big distinction between Caidin's original and his television counterpart is the extent to which the bionics could supply strength and speed. In the former, Austin's strength and speed were limited by the physical abilities of the connecting human parts. For instance, Austin could run faster than the best Olympic athlete, whereas the TV character could run 60 MPH. Caidin himself satirized the TV series' unrealistic science in another novel, ManFac.

Both versions of the character are subsequently recruited into the OSO/OSI as a secret agent (and as an ongoing test subject for bionics). Austin becomes a top agent, traveling the world to fight everything from terrorism (the most common target of the literary version of the character) to even alien invasion on television. As a military officer he remains an active member of the NASA Astronaut Corps, but the media describes his command of the Athena Rescue mission (necessary because his bionic strength is needed) as a surprise. Austin is obscure enough to usually maintain his anonymity, and uses his astronaut status to establish credibility when necessary.

Austin's personality was altered in the TV series. In the books, Austin was capable of being cold-blooded and did not hesitate to use his powers to kill if necessary. Yet in the TV pilot, Austin is initially hesitant to work for the OSI because, he says, "I don't want to kill people," although he appears to do just that in the subsequent mission. After the show's first season, however, Austin was usually not shown killing anyone.

In Caidin's novels, Austin's superior is OSO chief Oscar Goldman. Goldman was replaced by another character, Oliver Spencer, in the TV pilot film, but appeared in the regular series. The relationship between the TV version of Austin and Oscar was much friendlier than the literary counterpart, although numerous episodes show Austin being frustrated at being a "bionic lap dog" for the OSI.

Backstory
Austin's backstory is barely described by Caidin. The TV series, however, introduced his mother and stepfather (of Ojai, California, which has a billboard informing visitors of its famous astronaut native), and eventually, a fiancée, Jaime Sommers, who later became bionic after a skydiving accident, leading to a spin-off series, The Bionic Woman. Lee Majors made frequent guest appearances on the spin-off series, which springboarded from Jaime being brought back to life after her bionics failed; a consequence of this was she lost all memory of her relationship to Austin. Both The Six Million Dollar Man and The Bionic Woman went off the air in 1978.

A later episode reveals that Austin's biological father was also an Air Force pilot and was killed in the crash of his C-47 Skytrain in the China-Burma-India Theater during World War II.

Further details about Austin's later life were filled in during three made-for-TV reunion movies that aired between 1987 and 1994. In the first (The Return of the Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman), which takes place several years after Austin retires from the OSI, it is revealed that he had a son, Michael, born in the mid-1960s. His mother is not identified. Michael would serve in the U.S. Air Force as a pilot. Michael suffers traumatic injuries in a crash similar to that which his father experienced, and undergoes bionic rebuilding which renders him more powerful than his bionic father. In exchange for Michael's operation, Austin agrees to return to OSI and his son also becomes an operative, though he did not appear in any subsequent films. In the second film, Bionic Showdown: The Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman, Austin is shown to be a senior OSI operative helping thwart a terrorist attack against an athletic event in Canada. Bionic Ever After?, the final reunion film, saw Austin's bionics malfunctioning due to a computer virus, but in the end he is rescued by Jaime and the two finally marry as the film ends. Unlike Jaime, who undergoes an upgrade to her bionics in Bionic Ever After? which apparently adds new abilities, no such upgrade was ever evidenced for Austin in the telefilms, with the exception of an apparent enhancement to his bionic eye which is illustrated in Bionic Ever After?.

title: Steve Austin (character)


text:
Bywell Castle

Bywell Castle is situated in the village of Bywell overlooking the River Tyne, four miles east of Corbridge, Northumberland, England. It is a Grade I listed building and a Scheduled Ancient Monument.

It was built in 1430 by the Neville family (see Earl of Westmorland) but was never completed. The impressive three-storey gatehouse remains, together with part of a curtain wall into which has been incorporated a much later house (Grade II listed).

King Henry VI took refuge in Bywell Castle after the Battle of Hexham in 1464.

The Castle is privately owned and not normally open to visitors. It is the seat of the Viscounts Allendale.

Bywell Castle gave its name to a ship, which ploughed into the SS Princess Alice on the River Thames in September 1878, sinking her within minutes. The number of lives lost in the disaster are unclear but estimates have ranged from 590 to 640.

title: Bywell Castle


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Talk:List of people from Wisconsin

[Untitled]
Please help by moving people into the appropriate section or create a new section if necessary. These titles are (clearly) based on List of people from Texas. -Acjelen 21:10, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Unless there is an objection, I removed the "Founders and pioneers" section because it only had one name (Laura Ingalls Wilder) and she is already listed in another section as a writer further down. If anyone can think of any actual founders/pioneers, please put the section back in and list. HollyAm 20:29, 1 January 2006 (UTC)

I removed the section called "Famous Wisconsin Bands" because bands aren't people, and this is a list of people. -Freekee 04:56, 11 July 2006 (UTC)

Inclusion criterion
I think the inclusion criterion should not be only whether someone was born in Wisconsin, but anyone who lived in Wisconsin for a significant amount of time. Under the current rule of this article, a person was born in Wisconsin but moved away as an infant, is qualified for inclusion. But a non-native who lived 70 years in Wisconsin would not be included in this article. That's not right. — Walloon 05:54, 22 July 2006 (UTC)

Seems reasonable, but the heading should be altered to indicate this. John Muir is listed even though he was born in Dunbar, Scotland. Finavon 13:51, 30 September 2006 (UTC)

Fictional characters
This section does not seem to belong here; it really qualifies as trivia (even more so than the rest of the list). I've checked other states' articles and haven't found another state with such a section. If a compelling reason isn't provided for keeping the section, I'll delete it. -- Sift &  Winnow  00:39, 25 July 2009 (UTC)

Duplicate
i noticed that one person was listed under 2 different headings (there are possibly more--i didn't read the page word-for-word). and i noticed that in one of the sections, the person listed just after her could ALSO have been listed in both sections, but wasn't. so i was just going to come here and point it out and ask what others thought should be done.

but i see this isn't the most active page, and that the very first comment on the Talk page is asking others to "help out" by moving people into the correct section. so i guess i'll just....delete her from one section. alternately, i could duplicate the other person in both sections, but as this page is quite long already, starting to duplicate names seems....like a bad idea. now....which section should she go in..... the one with the other person already there, i guess. i'd chose that one for her anyway. (selena fox)Colbey84 (talk) 03:49, 30 December 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of people from Wisconsin


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Cisco Catalyst

Catalyst is the brand for a variety of network switches, wireless controllers, and wireless access points sold by Cisco Systems. While commonly associated with Ethernet switches, a number of different types of network interfaces have been available throughout the history of the brand. Cisco acquired several different companies and rebranded their products as different versions of the Catalyst product line. The original Catalyst 5000 and 6000 series were based on technology acquired from Crescendo Communications. The 1700, 1900, and 2800 series Catalysts came from Grand Junction Networks, and the Catalyst 3000 series came from Kalpana in 1994.

The newest Catalyst series is the Catalyst 9000 family. The Catalyst 9000 family includes switches, wireless access points, and wireless controllers.

Operating systems
In most cases, the technology for the Catalyst Switch was developed separately from Cisco's router technology. The Catalyst switches originally ran software called CatOS rather than the more widely known Cisco IOS software used by routers. However, this has changed as the product lines have merged closer together. In some cases, particularly in the modular chassis switches, a configuration called 'Hybrid' has emerged - this is where the layer 2 functions are configured using CatOS, and the layer 3 elements are configured using IOS. Native IOS can also be found with newer software versions that have eliminated CatOS entirely in favor of IOS, even on hardware that originally required CatOS.

Some newer Catalyst switch models (with recent versions of the Cisco IOS) also allow web-based management using a graphical interface (GUI) module which is hosted on a HTTP server located on the switch. The Catalyst 2960-L SM Series of switches is an example of a Cisco Catalyst switch that allows this style of GUI via HTTP.

Cisco IOS
Cisco IOS, formally the Cisco Internetwork Operating System, is a family of network operating systems used on many Cisco Systems network switches, routers, wireless controllers and wireless access points. Earlier, Cisco switches ran CatOS. Cisco IOS is a package of routing, switching, internetworking and telecommunications functions integrated into a multitasking operating system. Although the IOS code base includes a cooperative multitasking kernel, most IOS features have been ported to other kernels such as QNX and Linux for use in Cisco products. Cisco Catalyst products run IOS or a Linux-derived version called Cisco IOS XE. It was originally called XDI by the switching company Crescendo Communications, Inc. Cisco renamed it to CatOS when they acquired Crescendo and later still to Cisco IOS as the operating system was extended to other Cisco products. The newer Catalyst 9000 family uses the Cisco IOS XE operating system.

Interfaces
As Catalyst devices are primarily Ethernet switches, all modern Catalyst models have Ethernet interfaces ranging from 10 Mbit/s to 100 Gbit/s depending on the model. Other models can support T1, E1, and ISDN PRI interfaces to provide connections to the PSTN. Legacy models supported a variety of interfaces, such as Token Ring, FDDI, Asynchronous Transfer Mode and 100BaseVG, but are no longer sold by Cisco Systems.

All models have basic layer 2 functions and are capable of switching Ethernet frames between ports. Commonly found additional features are VLANs, trunking and QoS. The switches, whether IOS or IOS XE, are fully manageable.

Many Catalyst switches that run IOS or IOS XE are also capable of functioning as a router, making them layer 3 devices; when coupled with TCP and UDP filtering, these switches are capable of layer 2-4 operation. Depending on the exact software image, a Catalyst switch that runs IOS or IOS XE may be able to tackle large-scale enterprise routing tasks, using router technologies like OSPF or BGP.

Modular chassis-based Catalyst switching models, like the Catalyst 9400 and 9600 Series, have the concept of field-replaceable supervisor, line cards, power supplies and fans. Mirroring most Cisco router designs, these work by separating the line cards, chassis, and supervisor engine. The chassis provides power and a high-speed backplane, the line cards provide interfaces to the network, and the supervisor engine moves packets, participates in routing protocols, etc. This gives several advantages:
 * If a failure occurs, only the failed component needs to be replaced (typically a power supply, fan, line card or supervisor). This means faster turnaround than replacing an entire switch.
 * A redundant component may be installed to rapidly recover from component failures.
 * A supervisor engine may be upgraded after purchase, increasing performance and adding features without losing any investment in the rest of the switch.

Management
Catalyst switches offer advanced customization and manageability. The switches can be configured using a serial console, telnet or Secure Shell. Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) allows monitoring of many states, and measurement of traffic flows. Many devices can also run an HTTP server.

Configuration of the switch is done in plain text and is thus easy to audit. No special tools are required to generate a useful configuration. For sites with more than a few devices, it is useful to set up a Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) server for storing the configuration files and any IOS images for updating. Complex configurations are best created using a text editor (using a site standard template), putting the file on the TFTP server and copying it to the Cisco device. However, it can be noted that a TFTP server can present its own security problems.

Stackwise
StackWise and Stackwise Virtual previously known as VSS are technologies offered by Cisco Systems that allows some models of Catalyst switches to operate as though they were one switch. One switch from the stack will act as the primary switch. The primary switch will maintain the stack and allows for configuration and monitoring of the whole stack as though one via a single console. This allows for more efficient management and typically provides more bandwidth between individual switches than other uplink technology.

If one switch fails, the remaining switches will continue to operate by bypassing it. If the primary switch fails, another switch in the stack will automatically take over as primary. This feature means greater redundancy, as one switch's failure will not bring about a failure of the entire stack.

As each switch contains the entire configuration for the stack, one of the benefits of this technology is the ability to replace a faulty switch (any—including primary) with a new switch. The stack will configure the new switch on-the-fly to accommodate minimal downtime and reduce maintenance effort and errors.

Stackwise physically connects the switch stack using special stack interconnect cables, typically up to eight switches per stack. StackWise Virtual and VSS allow for the virtual clustering of two chassis together into a single, logical entity without physical interconnect cables.

Primary election
The primary switch of a stack is elected in the following order:
 * 1) User specified priority in the switch configuration
 * 2) The switch with the most advanced IOS feature set enabled
 * 3) Programmed switch – A configured switch will preside over a switch running factory defaults
 * 4) Uptime – The switch that has been running the longest
 * 5) MAC address – The switch with the lowest MAC address

Models
There are two general types of Catalyst switches: fixed configuration models that are usually one or two rack units in size, with 12 to 80 ports; and modular switches in which virtually every component, from the CPU card to power supplies to switch cards, are individually installed in a chassis.

In general, switch model designations start with WS-C or C, followed by the model line (e.g. C9600). A letter at the end of this number signifies a special feature, followed by the number of ports (usually 24 or 48) and additional nomenclature indicating other features like UPOE (e.g. C9300-48U). Catalyst 9000 switches also include software subscription license indicators (e.g. C9200-48T-P, E for Essentials, A for Advantage and P for Premier)

Fixed-configuration switches

 * Cisco Catalyst 9500 Series
 * Layer 2 and layer 3 stackable core switches.

 * Cisco Catalyst 9300 Series
 * Layer 2 and layer 3 stackable access and distribution switches.

 * Cisco Catalyst 9200 Series
 * Layer 2 and layer 3 stackable access switches.

 * Cisco Catalyst 1000 Series
 * Layer 2 stackable access switches.

 * Cisco Catalyst 3850 series
 * Layer 2 and layer 3 stackable access and distribution switches.

 * Cisco Catalyst 3650 series
 * Layer 2 and layer 3 switches with optional stacking capability.

 * Cisco Catalyst 2960-X/XR Series
 * Layer 2 and layer 3 stackable access switches.

 * Cisco Catalyst 2960-L Series
 * Layer 2 and layer 3 access switches.

 * Cisco Catalyst 3560CX/2960CX Series
 * Compact, fanless layer 2 and layer 3 switches.

 * Cisco Catalyst Digital Building Series
 * Compact, fanless layer 2 and layer 3 switches.

Modular switches
Cisco modular switches offer a configurable selection of chassis, power supplies, line cards and supervisor modules. Among Cisco's modular series are:

 * The Cisco Catalyst 9600 Series is a modular chassis-based core switch family. This series can support interfaces up to 100 Gigabit Ethernet in speed and redundant supervisor modules, power supplies and fans.
 * The Cisco Catalyst 9400 Series is a chassis-based access and distribution switch family. This series can support interfaces up to 40 Gigabit Ethernet in speed and redundant supervisor modules, power supplies and fans.
 * The Cisco Catalyst 6800 Series is a chassis-based switch family. This series can support interfaces up to 40 Gigabit Ethernet in speed and redundant supervisor modules.
 * The Cisco Catalyst 6500 Series is a chassis-based switch family. This series can support interfaces up to 40 Gigabit Ethernet in speed and redundant supervisor modules.
 * The Cisco Catalyst 4500 Series is a mid-range modular chassis network switch. The system comprises a chassis, power supplies, one or two supervisors, line cards and service modules. The Series includes the E-Series chassis and the Classic chassis which is manufactured in four sizes: ten-, seven-, six-, and three-slot.

title: Cisco Catalyst


text:
Dudley Marjoribanks, 1st Baron Tweedmouth

Dudley Coutts Marjoribanks, 1st Baron Tweedmouth, also known as the Laird of Guisachan and Glenaffric (29 December 1820 – 4 March 1894), was a Scottish businessman and a Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1853 until 1880, when he was elevated to the peerage as Baron Tweedmouth. He was the breeder of the first golden retriever.

Life
Marjoribanks was the son of Edward Marjoribanks of Greenlands who was a senior partner in Coutts Bank. He was unable to acquire the partnership in the Bank (it passed to his elder brother Edward) but he inherited a substantial fortune from his father, a partner in Coutts & Co Bank from 1796 until his death on 17 September 1868, aged 92. As to his parentage there was some controversy. Although the Lyon Office of Scotland registered his family pedigree, he was accused of being a charlatan. The disproofs were offered as a statement of contradiction concerning his descent. Burnett of the Lyon's Herald wrote an article in The Genealogist upholding the Lyon Office's original assertion of genuine authenticity.

Dudley Coutts, as his banking second name implies, acquired considerable family wealth of his own after the purchase of Meux Brewery. He grew rich as a partner of Meux & Co's brewery, and later a director of the East India Company. With some of this wealth he built the mansion of Brook House in London's fashionable Park Lane.

In 1854 he began leasing the highland deer forest of Guisachan in Glen Affric, Inverness-shire, buying Guisachan outright in 1856. He also leased substantial estates of Hutton and Eddington near his family roots in Berwickshire. Marjoribanks had large kennels at Guisachan and was directly responsible for developing a new breed of dog, the Golden Retriever.

In 1868, Majoribanks bred Nous, a Wavy-coated Retriever, with Belle, a Tweed Water Spaniel. This created the foundation litter of Golden Retriever, three yellow wavy-coated puppies named Crocus, Cowslip and Primrose.

Family
He married Isabella Hogg, daughter of Sir James Hogg, Bt, in 1848. Their children were:

 * Edward Marjoribanks, 2nd Baron Tweedmouth (married Lady Fanny Octavia Louise Spencer-Churchill in 1873)
 * Mary Georgina Marjoribanks (married Matthew White Ridley, 1st Viscount Ridley, in 1873)
 * Stewart (died aged 11)
 * Annie Grizel (died aged one)
 * Ishbel, (married John Campbell Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Marquess of Aberdeen and Temair, in 1877)
 * Coutts Marjoribanks (born 1860, married Agnes Margaret Kinloch in 1895 and died in 1924 )
 * Archibald John Marjoribanks (married Elizabeth Trimble Brown of Tennessee in 1897; operated the Rocking Chair Ranche, and died in 1900)

Marjoribanks was descended from James Marjoribanks, a younger son of Thomas Marjoribanks of Ratho, head of the lowland Clan Marjoribanks, both of whom lived in the 16th century in Edinburgh.


text:
Talk:Sunset Key

Needs merging
If Key West Hilton doesn't deserve its own page (and why would it?), well, what's up? Nice pictures. This content need merging. --Wetman 21:12, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Because this is an inhabited key in the Florida Keys, and notable.  -   Marc Averette 01:02, 13 December 2006 (UTC)
 * I agree with Marc Averette. Even though Sunset Key is now privately owned, it is still a U.S. island with an important history. This article needs expansion and more quality sources, not merging. -- Satori Son 15:27, 13 December 2006 (UTC)

Move article
I believe this article should be moved to "Tank Island", which is the official name. "Sunset Key" seems to be only a marketing name of the real estate industry. Moreover, I believe this island (just like nearby Westin Island) should not be grouped with the "outlying islands" but with the "lower keys", as it lies immediately west of Key West main island (about 400 meters). In addition, it is administratively a part of Key West City. The Mule Keys, starting 4.4 km further west, and separated from Key West/Tank Island/Westin Island by Northwest Channel, however do certainly belong to the outlying islands.--Ratzer 21:21, 14 December 2006 (UTC)
 * As article names should be based on the most common usage, "Sunset Key" appears to right for this article. Tank Key can be created as a redirect. -- Donald Albury 13:24, 15 December 2006 (UTC)
 * I disagree. First should come the official name. Anyone without local knowledge will most probably get only confused with marketing names. You can put a redirect on the common usage name to the official name. The special problem here is that there is a real Sunset Key on Florida's west coast that bears this name officially, see .--Ratzer 14:10, 16 December 2006 (UTC)
 * It's quite common for geographical features to be renamed for 'marketing' purposes; for example 'Mosguito Inlet' became Ponce de Leon Inlet, 'Little Grassy Key' and 'Big Grassy Key' became Davis Islands, Tampa, Florida and 'Raccoon Key' became Key Haven. Also, I find a lot of ghits for the Sunset Key next to Key West, but I haven't found one for either Tank Key or for a Sunset Key on the west coast. Finally, name conflicts are handled through disambiguation, not by deprecating the widely known name of something (note that there is also a Sunset Key CD that will require disamquation if it qualifies for an article). -- Donald Albury 12:45, 17 December 2006 (UTC)
 * I think you have to check case by case what is the official name by the U.S. Board of Geographic Names (look for feature anmes on ), anything else is a mess. Who is to decide when a marketing name or common usage name should be the primary name under which an article is to be found? Among your examples, I have found that Davis Islands, Tampa, Florida is an official name, but Key Haven is not. Maybe in a few years, the U.S. Board will accept the common usage or marketing names as primary official names. I believe that an article should always be named after the official name. A common usage or marketing name can redirect to the official name.--Ratzer 16:17, 17 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Per this guideline, and this policy, articles should use the most common name for the object covered, i.e., the most likely title a reader will use in looking for the object. -- Donald Albury 13:46, 18 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Could it be that Dredgers Key and Fleming Key (which appear on detailed maps), both immediately north of Key West Island, also have different common usage names, because there are no Wikipedia articles with these names?--Ratzer 16:43, 17 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Dredgers Key is commonly known as Sigsbee. It is Navy property (housing) and inaccessable by civilians.  Fleming Key is the common name for the other one which is also Navy land accessable only by entering Trumbo Point gate.  Neither Sigsbee or Fleming Key are under city of Key West jurisdiction.  They are both under federal (US Navy) jurisdiction.  A Navy base pass is required to enter either one.   -    Marc Averette 19:49, 18 December 2006 (UTC)
 * When you scroll down to Key West City on, and then click on "Map It", a map with the city limits of Key West City is displayed (as of Census of Population 2000). On this map, the two northern islands are shown as part of Key West City (as of the year 2000). Did this change recently?--Ratzer 06:30, 19 December 2006 (UTC)

Nearby Westin Island? Could you be referring to Wisteria Island? I've lived there all my life and never heard of 'Westin Island'. The island right next to Sunset Key (Tank Island) is known as either Christmas Tree Island (due to it being covered in pine trees) or Wisteria Island. -   Marc Averette 16:05, 15 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Surely you're right, it's Wisteria Island (I don't know where I got "Westin" from :-)--Ratzer 14:10, 16 December 2006 (UTC)

Ownership of the island
Is the island "privately held among its residents" (lead para.) or "owned by Tom Walsh" (History section)? BobKilcoyne (talk) 07:56, 26 January 2024 (UTC)

Ferries minutiae
Why does this article include detailed, unreferenced, 10-year-old (April 2014 edit), breakdown of:
 * 1) the names of every ferry boat
 * 2) the engine capacity of every ferry boat
 * 3) the number of boats, by type (redundant - see item 1, itself unimportant)

Is this marketing for the ferry boat operator? Is the pertinent fact not, simply, that the island is not connected by bridge to Key West, with access provided by private boats and a ferry service? With a reference would be even nicer. Jmg38 (talk) 13:54, 23 April 2024 (UTC)

 * Good catch. I have deleted the section. Donald Albury 16:19, 23 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sunset Key


text:
Bruce Gordon (musician)

Bruce Gordon (born 1968 in London, England) is an English-born Canadian rock musician, best known as the former bassist for I Mother Earth.

He was born to parents of Scottish and German heritage. He immigrated to Canada with his family at the age of six. They first moved to Edmonton, Alberta but after only a year relocated to Oakville, Ontario, a suburb of Toronto.

His exposure to bands such as the Dead Kennedys, Black Flag and Bad Brains inspired him to pick up the bass guitar at the age of fifteen. He quickly took to the instrument and within a few months had joined a Toronto punk band called Intensive Chaos. Primarily self-taught, Gordon continued to play in a string of basement bands and soon graduated to the independent scene where he started playing local gigs with Jonathan Cummins (Bionic, Doughboys), and Cam and Brad Maclean in Circus Lupus.

After finishing high school, Gordon enrolled in the jazz program at Humber College to further his musical knowledge. Around the same time the demise of Circus Lupus led him to join the newly formed Rocktopus. Rocktopus released several independent cassettes and an EP on Lone Wolf Records. The band toured regularly across Ontario and Quebec and successfully completed two cross Canada and one North American tour before finally calling it quits.

In 1993, only one month after Rocktopus split, Gordon joined I Mother Earth, who had already signed a worldwide deal with Capitol records. A few short weeks after he joined the band, they embarked on a pre-album release tour across the United States. Gordon was credited with bass duty on 1993's Dig, though he did not actually record it. However, he did record on 1996's Scenery and Fish, 1999's Blue Green Orange, and 2003's The Quicksilver Meat Dream.

In 2003, the band parted ways to pursue different projects. Gordon expanded his teaching practice, both privately and at the Twelfth Fret, and began to explore new musical endeavors. He tried his hand at as many different musical styles as possible, including various jazz and blues artists, and for a year worked with songwriter Alison Maclean in her band Fourstar. He also performed with the funk improv band Hot Fo' Gandhi and the lo-fi jazz combo the Tiny Specks.

In early 2005, Gordon was hired by Blue Man Group to help open up a new Toronto-based show. He continues to perform with the eclectic ensemble on a variety of instruments that include electric zither, chapman stick and talking drum.

Gordon joined with fellow Blue Man musicians Dave Steele and Steve Ballstadt to form the instrumental spy-go-go-surf-noir trio Experiment In Terror. His newest project is the live electro groove collective called Ostrich.

Gordon now lives in Florida, where he continues to work for Blue Man Group. In 2012, he reunited with the rest of the most recent I Mother Earth lineup for several live performances across Canada. They have also recorded a new song.

title: Bruce Gordon (musician)


text:
The Murder City Devils

The Murder City Devils is an American garage rock band formed in 1996.

History
The band's original lineup, consisting of Spencer Moody, Dann Gallucci, Derek Fudesco, Coady Willis, and Nate Manny, formed in Seattle, Washington, in 1996. Gabe Kerbrat was their permanent roadie, and was considered a member. Within a year, the band had released two singles, Three Natural Sixes (Hopscotch Records #5) and Dance Hall Music (Empty Records MTR-354), and signed with the Die Young Stay Pretty label, a subsidiary of Sub Pop. Their self-titled debut album was released in 1997.

In 1998, the band released Empty Bottles, Broken Hearts, its second full-length album. This release saw a greatly increased use of electric organ, and in the same year they recruited Leslie Hardy as their full-time keyboard player. Hardy had previously played bass guitar for several Seattle bands, including several months in Hole. The Murder City Devils then embarked on a year-long tour of North America to support the record. During that tour, they played with At the Drive-In, Pearl Jam, The Black Halos, Modest Mouse (for whom Dann Gallucci also played guitar), and Built to Spill.

After a short break, the band released In Name and Blood in 2000, with photos in the liner notes depicting every member as a murder victim. They also appeared as both individual actors as well as a band in David Larson's independent film The Edge of Quarrel.

The band released the Thelema EP in 2001. Mid-tour, keyboardist Leslie Hardy left the band. Later that year the band broke up due to circumstances surrounding Hardy's departure. (The Stranger Sept 27 – Oct 3, 2001 issue, It's My Party column by Kathleen Wilson). Hardy was replaced by Nick Dewitt for their final concerts. Bassist Derek Fudesco agreed to leave the band in September 2001 to focus on his own new band, Pretty Girls Make Graves.

The band's farewell concert on Halloween 2001 (October 31) at Seattle's Showbox Theater was recorded and released by Sub Pop in 2003, titled 'R.I.P.' and included two previously unrecorded songs. It was also released on DVD in 2005.

Return
In 2006 the band announced they were playing a July show in Seattle with all original members. The band performed on July 29 at the Capitol Hill Block Party closing the two-day music festival on Saturday night. The day following the Block Party performance the band played a show with The Blood Brothers at The Showbox in downtown Seattle, the same venue where "R.I.P." was recorded. The show was not announced until the end of their set at the Block Party.

The next show was Saturday, November 3 at Mowhawk in Austin, Texas with The Peabodys and Hex Dispensers while in town for Fun Fun Fun Fest, on November 3–4, 2007 in Austin, Texas. The band played a handful of shows throughout 2008 and launched a brief West Coast tour on February 11, 2009 at Seattle's The Showbox. Murder City Devils' week-long tour culminated in Los Angeles with two performances at the Henry Fonda Theater on February 17 and 18, 2009.

New material
At the end of their set, on December 30, 2009, at The Showbox in Seattle, Washington, Hardy thanked the audience for coming and confirmed that the band was working on new material. No additional information was given. After the set finished, the band returned to the stage and performed a cover of The Birthday Party's song, "Several Sins."

On July 17, 2010, a live performance of an untitled new song was uploaded to YouTube. It was filmed at their July 15, 2010, performance at The Note, in West Chester, Pennsylvania (a venue that has since closed).

On October 17, 2010, a live performance of another untitled new song was uploaded to YouTube. It was filmed at their October 16, 2010, performance at The Showbox in Seattle.

In January 2012, the band released a 7-inch with two new songs, recorded in San Pedro, California. The new songs were "Every Day I Rise" and "Ball Busters in the Peanut Gallery".

On August 5, 2014, the band released their first album in 11 years, The White Ghost Has Blood on Its Hands Again, which includes eight songs.

On September 26, 2021, the band performed at Punk Rock Bowling & Music Festival in Las Vegas, Nevada.

Members

 * Spencer Moody - vocals (1996-2001, 2006–present)
 * Dann Gallucci - guitar (1996-2001, 2006–present)
 * Derek Fudesco - bass (1996-2001, 2006–present)
 * Coady Willis - drums (1996-2001, 2006–present)
 * Nate Manny - guitar, bass (1996-2001, 2006–present)
 * Leslie Hardy - keyboard (1998-2001, 2006-2010)
 * Nick Dewitt - keyboard (2001)

Studio albums

 * The Murder City Devils (1997)
 * Empty Bottles, Broken Hearts (1998)
 * In Name and Blood (2000)
 * The White Ghost Has Blood on Its Hands Again (2014)

Extended play

 * Thelema (2001)

Live album

 * R.I.P. (Live album of last show at The Showbox in Seattle, October 31, 2001) (2003)

Compilation album

 * Feather Bed Whiskey Blanket (Boxed Set of all 4 albums & Thelema) (2009)

Singles

 * "Three Natural Sixes" (1997)
 * "Dance Hall Music" (1997)
 * "Dancin Shoes" (1998)
 * "Christmas Bonus Single" (1998)
 * "Murder City Devils / Botch Split" (Sound track to the movie The Edge of Quarrel) (1999)
 * "Murder City Devils / Glucifer Split" (1999)
 * "Murder City Devils / At The Drive-In Split" (2000)
 * "Every Day I Rise" / "Ball Busters in the Peanut Gallery" (2011)

Music videos

 * 18 Wheels (1998)
 * Idle Hands (2000)

Compilation inclusions

 * Technology (Remix of "Dance Hall Music" by DJ Ropstyle) (2000)
 * Free the West Memphis 3 (Cover of "She" by The Misfits) (2000)
 * Give The People What We Want: Songs of The Kinks (Cover of "Alcohol" by The Kinks) (2001)
 * Buddyhead Suicide Sampler CD (Remix of "Press Gang" by the Latch Brothers) (2004)

Video

 * The Edge of Quarrel (VHS) (2000)
 * Rock & Roll Won't Wait (VHS) (2001)
 * Rock & Roll Won't Wait (DVD) (2004)
 * The End (DVD) (2005)
 * The Edge of Quarrel (DVD) (2007)

title: The Murder City Devils


text: User talk:69.170.192.163

title: User talk:69.170.192.163


text:
Dei gesta per Francos

Dei gesta per Francos ("Deeds of God through the Franks") is a narrative of the First Crusade by Guibert of Nogent written between 1107 and 1108. Traditionally it has not been well received by scholars, but recent translators and editors (such as Levine 1997 and Rubenstein 2002) have shown it to contain important original material. Dei gesta was a radical departure for the type of literary work for Guibert who had previously worked on theological tracts. He decided to undertake a history of the crusade, he says, after he read an anonymous eyewitness account called Gesta Francorum. In the eyes of Guibert this work was rough and simple and "frequently left the reader stunned with its insipid vacuity" (Dei gesta, preface). Guibert felt a much higher standard of grammar and diction was needed. He also inserted anti-Jewish rhetoric into the account of the First Crusade.

There were some who believed it was best to leave the writing of history to those who had actually seen the events themselves, and thus were critical of Guibert's project. Guibert himself had said as much about 10 years earlier in a preachers manual. However he justified the book by saying if "someone objects to me that I have not seen, he can not object that I have not heard—for I truly believe that hearing is, in a way, almost as good as seeing." (Dei gesta, preface). Guibert personally knew crusaders, had grown up with crusaders, and had talked with them about their memories and experiences on their return.

Crusade historians have traditionally not been forthcoming with favourable reviews of Guibert's narrative. The fact that he stays so close to the original Gesta Francorum, and the difficulty of his Latin, make it seem superfluous. Recent editors and translators, however, have called attention to his excellent writing and original material. More importantly, Dei gesta provides invaluable information about the reception of the crusade in France, both for the general public and Guibert's own personal reactions to the stories he heard from returning crusaders.

Guibert was a rare eyewitness to the preachings of Peter the Hermit for whom he felt nothing but contempt. The hermit, he says, walked barefoot and ate no bread, but he did drink wine and eat fish - criticism of an itinerant hermit from the monastic Guibert. When Peter fled the siege of Antioch, most chroniclers glossed over Peter's flight, but Guibert spared no measure when he wrote this mocking song, wondering why Peter could not withstand the starving pressures of a siege:

 * Stand firm! Remember your life as a hermit,
 * Your old customary fasts!
 * Hitherto you have been skin and bone.
 * You've had no choice but to eat grass with the cattle
 * Your grumbling stomach calmed with uncooked roots.
 * How could you now remember gluttonous feasts?
 * --Dei gesta

Dei gesta was not only a historical narrative but contained moral instruction; the reader might learn lessons for his own spiritual quest. It also contained elements of prophecy, discussing how the crusade was part of the larger divine plan. Thus it was a medieval allegory work containing the four elements of allegory: literal, typological, moral, and anagogical. Like the Bible, it worked on different levels at the same time.

title: Dei gesta per Francos


text:
William Spratling

William Spratling (September 22, 1900 – August 7, 1967) was an American-born silver designer and artist, best known for his influence on 20th century Mexican silver design.

Early life
Spratling was born in 1900 in Sonyea, Livingston County, New York, the son of epileptologist William P. Spratling. After the deaths of Spratling's mother and sister, he moved to his father's boyhood home outside of Auburn, Alabama. Spratling graduated from Auburn High School and the Alabama Polytechnic Institute (currently known as Auburn University), where he majored in architecture.

Architecture professor and lecturer
Upon graduation, Spratling took a position as an instructor in the architecture department at Auburn University, and in 1921 he was offered a similar position at Tulane University's School of Architecture in New Orleans, Louisiana. At the same time, he was an active participant at the New Orleans Arts and Crafts Club and taught in the New Orleans Art School.

During the summers of 1926-1928, Spratling lectured on colonial architecture at the National University of Mexico's Summer School.

Taller de las Delicias
The highly charged political and social environment in Mexico after the revolution influenced Spratling's decision in 1931 to reestablish a silver industry in Taxco. Taxco was a traditional site of silver mines, but had no native silverworking industry. Spratling began designing works in silver based primarily on pre-Columbian and traditional motifs, and hired local goldsmiths to produce those designs in Taxco. Spratling was the primary designer for his workshop, Taller de las Delicias, and was insistent on the high quality of the materials and techniques used in production. Talented maestros shared in the creative dialogue with Spratling, transforming his design drawings into prototypes in silver.

Spratling's use of an aesthetic vocabulary based on pre-Columbian art can be compared to the murals of Diego Rivera, in that both artists were involved in the creation of a new cultural identity for Mexico. Primarily, Spratling's silver designs drew upon pre-conquest Mesoamerican motifs, with influence from other native and Western cultures. To many, his work served as an expression of Mexican nationalism, and gave Mexican artisans the freedom to create designs in non-European forms. Because of his influence on the silver design industry in Mexico, Spratling has been called the "Father of Mexican Silver".

The forms that evolved in silver at Las Delicias were admired by visitors to the workshop, who purchased the objects as talismans of a remote and exotic culture.

Wholesale
In the late thirties, Spratling expanded beyond sales at Las Delicias and into a wholesale business. He employed over 500 artisans in the workshop to meet the demand in the United States for luxury good during World War II. Spratling silver was sold through the Montgomery Ward catalog and at Neiman Marcus and Saks Fifth Avenue. With the cost of moving the workshop to an ancient silver hacienda, La Florida, Spratling incorporated to provide cash flow for his company. On June 30, 1945, a majority of the shares was sold to North American investor Russell Maguire, whose business practices ultimately took the company into bankruptcy.

Alaska Native Arts
Spratling had received widespread fame as a result of his development of what many considered a model handwrought industry. In 1945, Spratling was asked by two friends, Alaska's Territorial Governor, Ernest Gruening, and the Director of the Indian Arts and Crafts Board, Rene d'Harnoncourt, to replicate his success in Alaska. Spratling recommended the establishment of workshop and exhibit centers in various regions of Alaska organized into a Federation of Alaska Native Arts. Each center's unique production would be born out of the traditions in iconography, materials, and techniques belonging to that specific region. In 1948, Alaskan World War II veterans were sent to Taxco for instruction in silversmithing. Spratling also produced 200 prototypes as future inspiration for the newly trained Alaskans in their workshop centers. Unfortunately, Congress did not allocate funds and the project was not implemented.

Taxco workshop
In 1952, Spratling reestablished a small workshop at his ranch in Taxco el Viejo and began production of silver jewelry and decorative objects that clearly were influenced by his Alaskan experience. In a 1955 article, "25 Years of Mexican Silverware," Spratling expressed his belief that the object in silver should be considered the culmination of a mystical and visionary process. For Spratling, the necessity of direct human involvement in every phase of a handwrought industry meant there were contributions to be made by every maestro and silversmith. The designer continuously interacted with and was aware of the capabilities of members of the workshop. The final statement, the object itself, was a result of an ongoing experiment in creativity.

Silver works
Spratling's earliest work can be characterized as inspired expressions in silver, resembling the power of the reliefs on the Temple of Quetzalcoatl at Xochicalco or the pre-Columbian clay stamps he admired. The designs incorporate sinuous lines that were deeply carved, with strong light and shadow contrasts. The inspiration from pre-Columbian models could be direct, as in the repousse Quetzalcoatl brooch, based on the heart bowl in the Museo Nacional de Antropología, or indirect, like the silver pitcher with the eagle handle in carved wood.

Spratling marked his earliest work with a simple interlocking WS. After 1938, he began using a circular mark with the WS sans-serifs at its center, around which read "Spratling Made in Mexico". This mark was accompanied, up until 1945, with an oval in which was imprinted, "Spratling Silver". The Alaska pieces and work from c. 1950 were marked with a simple script "WS". Spratling also collaborated briefly (1949–51) with the Mexico City silver company Conquistador, and these pieces were marked with a circle in which was inscribed "Spratling de [or of] Mexico" and across, "Sterling". The eagle or assay mark for the Conquistador pieces contained the number 13, and for Spratling, the numbers 1 or 30.

Spratling's later work is more linear and refined. The croissant necklace has a great deal of movement, but now based on abstract form. Spratling's maker's mark in this period once again took the form of a circle, this time with the script "WS" surrounded by the words, "William Spratling Taxco Mexico". In the 1960s, Spratling began producing jewelry in gold with pre-Columbian stones. Each piece was unique and marked with a simple "WS" beneath "18K".

Published works

 * In 1926 Spratling collaborated with William Faulkner on Sherwood Anderson And Other Famous Creoles, a series of caricatures depicting the bohemian atmosphere of artists and writers living and working in the French Quarter in the 1920s.
 * In 1927, Spratling did illustrations for his good friend Natalie Scott's Old Plantation Houses in Louisiana. The balanced interaction between illustration and text was characteristic of all of Spratling's published work.  In Plantation Houses, the renderings of the buildings are as descriptive as Natalie Scott's narrative, which, when taken together, transport the reader into settings where people lived out their lives.
 * In a 1928 article for Scribner's Magazine, Spratling had sensitively portrayed the people of Isle Breville, Louisiana.
 * Little Mexico was published in 1932 and is considered his most significant literary work. The same qualities of observation by Spratling for the 1928 articles are present and compelling in Little Mexico.  In the following passage, Spratling comes close to defining the intensity of his encounters: "To rub shoulders with the Indian population, to see them smiling and occupied, eating their simple meals, arguing agrarian problems over a cup of tequila, arranging themselves on the ground for the night, and, above all, to witness their dances and to observe the mystery of the faces of the dancers - is a profound experience."

Personal life
While teaching at Tulane, Spratling shared a house with writer William Faulkner.

When lecturing at the National University of Mexico's Summer School in 1926-1928, Spratling quickly integrated himself into the Mexican art scene and became a friend and a strong proponent of the work of muralist Diego Rivera, for whom he organized an exhibition at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York. Using money received from commissions he organized for Rivera, Spratling bought a home in Taxco, Mexico in 1928, where he began work on a book, Little Mexico, about this small mountain town.

Spratling was gay, but most accounts of his life mention this only indirectly if at all.

Spratling amassed a large collection of pre-Columbian figurines from Remojadas, Veracruz, which he donated, in large part, to the museum of the National Autonomous University of Mexico in 1959. Photographed by Manuel Álvarez Bravo, several of these works were published in More Human Than Divine. Spratling also donated hundreds of pre-Columbian objects to a museum in Taxco that today bears his name.

Death
Spratling was killed in an automobile accident outside of Taxco on August 7, 1967, at the age of 66. Sabina Leof (aka Tibby Leof, wife of noted Pre-Columbian art collector and preeminent dentist Dr Milton Arno Leof) commented on her friendship with Spratling: "He had no political views, was not dedicated to anything special. He believed in humanity.  He was an ardent American, but had a great love for the Mexican people."

title: William Spratling


text:
Talk:Manasir

Untitled
This article has been initiated by [mailto:david@haberlah David Haberlah] 06/2005.

All information on the Manasir supplied by the user David Haberlah results from his field research in Dar al-Manasir in February and March 2005 as a member of the team of Humboldt University Nubian Expedition (H.U.N.E.). H.U.N.E. is headed by the directors Prof. Dr. CLAUDIA NÄSER and Prof. Dr. FRANK KAMMERZELL of the Seminar of Northeast African Archaeology and Cultural Studies primarily responsible for conducting salvage archaeology on the islands of Shiri, Sherari, Sur and Us, and the left bank of the Nile between Salamat and Gebel Musa. In addition H.U.N.E. decided to launch a subproject dealing with the culture of the native Manasir.

This ethnographical research has been financed by the "Programm Kulturerhalt" of the German Department of Foreign Affairs as a contribution to the preservation of the culture of the Manasir. All Manasir living in their homeland Dar al-Manasir are going to be relocated as a result of the flooding of the Hamdab High Dam in the coming years. There is an urgent need for further anthropological research and programs of cultural preservation. The initial author David Haberlah hopes that the nature of Wikipedia will attract both researchers and Manasir to expand the freely available information and knowledge about the Manasir tribe.

I would like to encourage everybody to list academic articles concerning Dar al-Manasir that cannot be published on the Internet here. A copy of new articles should be submitted to the Sudanese National Library to be available to the Sudanese public. In case that you can provide material about the Manasir that does not suit the requirements of Wikipedia, Wikisource or Wikimedia please contact [mailto:david@haberlah H.U.N.E.], who is running the Hompage of Dar al-Manasir.

David Haberlah 10:40, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

I read your first article on Manasir and I hope you will find the following comments useful:

1. On the question of origin (perhaps origins is better) you definitely need to look into McMichael's A History of the Arabs in the Sudan (1922) for Manasir's genealogy.

2. I believe there is some connection between Manasir and Kababish. Although this needs further verification it is interesting to note that some sections of nomadic Manasir and Kababish share two similar camel brands or marks: one named shahid and the other bab.

3. The question of the connection between Manasir and Kawahla is an important one. Many villagers in Us and vicinity claim to be of Kawahla origin.

4. Connected with the above point is the relationship between Manasir and Beja. The Medieval Berber traveller Ibn Batuta (14th century), describing the Sudanese coast of the Red Sea wrote that he met a "clan of Arabs called Awlad Kahil who are mixed with Beja and speak their language."(Vantini, Oriental Sources, pp. 521-2). Ibn Salim (or Sulaym), writing in the 10th century, refers to a branch of Beja living in the neighbourhood of 5th and 4th Cataracts. The Manasir themselves constantly assert that the inhabitants of two villages on thr right bank, Amarin and Ashamin, are of Ababda and Bishariyin origin.

On tirbal marks some correction is needed: only the Shaiqiya and some Manasir use the three horizontal lines while the Dongolawi use three vertical lines.

Finally, perhaps you need to write a few lines on the geographical isolation of the Manasir.

Prof. Dr. Khidir A. Ahmed (University of Neelein, Faculty of Arts Dep. of History) 12 Jun 2005

title: Talk:Manasir


text:
User talk:Testmasters

Welcome
Hello and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! -- Spinboy 21:18, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Testmasters


text:
Hildreth Meière

Hildreth Meière (1892–1961) was an American muralist active in the first half of the twentieth century who is especially known for her Art Deco designs. During her 40-year career she completed approximately 100 commissions. She designed murals for office buildings, churches, government centers, theaters, restaurants, cocktail lounges, ocean liners, and world’s fair pavilions, and she worked in a wide variety of mediums, including paint, ceramic tile, glass and marble mosaic, terracotta, wood, metal, and stained glass. Among her extensive body of work are the iconographic interiors at the Nebraska State Capitol in Lincoln, the dynamic roundels of Dance, Drama, and Song at Radio City Music Hall, the apse and narthex mosaics and stained-glass windows at St. Bartholomew's Episcopal Church (Manhattan), and the decoration of the Great Hall at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, D.C.

Early life
Hildreth Meière was born in New York City in 1892. After graduating from the Academy of the Sacred Heart, a Catholic girls’ boarding school in Manhattan, Meière spent a year in Florence studying painting with an English artist. The Renaissance frescoes that she saw in Italy had a great impact on the direction her career would take. As she later wrote, "I fell in love, once and for all, with mural painting and great beautiful walls.”

Meière furthered her studies at the Art Students League of New York, the California School of Fine Arts in San Francisco (now the San Francisco Art Institute), the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, and the School of Applied Design for Women in New York where she participated in design competitions administered by the Beaux-Arts Institute of Design. During World War I, Meière served her country as a draftsman in the U.S. Navy.

Career
Meière began her career designing costumes and sets for the theater. In 1921 she was introduced to the architect Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue who gave Meière her first major mural commission, the decoration of the Great Hall at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, D.C. Goodhue also selected Meière to design the interiors of the Nebraska State Capitol in Lincoln, Meière’s largest and one of her most important commissions. Over an eight-year period, she designed decorations for the Capitol vestibule, foyer, rotunda, and senate and house chambers.

Meière went on to design murals for buildings throughout the country, although some of her best work can be found in Manhattan. She became especially well known for integrating murals within architectural settings. As she once stated, a good mural “cannot be taken away without hurting the design of the building.” Although Meière is most closely associated with the Art Deco movement, she was capable of designing in a variety of styles depending on the needs and wishes of her clients.

During World War II, Meière organized a group of artists to paint portable three-panel altarpieces, or triptychs, that The Citizens Committee for the Army and Navy distributed to American military camps, airfields, and ships throughout the world. More than 500 triptychs were produced and Meière herself painted more than 70. She also taught first aid for the Red Cross.

Professional organizations
As Meière herself wrote, “I have always been active in professional organizations, believing that we owe some of our time and energies to them." She was the first woman ever appointed to the New York City Art Commission and she was a founder of the Liturgical Arts Society and served as the organization's first president. She served four terms as President of the National Society of Mural Painters; six terms as First Vice President of the Architectural League of New York; Director of the Municipal Arts Society; Director of the Department of Mural Decoration at the Beaux Arts Institute of Design; member of the Architectural Guild of America; and a board member of the Art Students League, the Municipal Arts Society, the School Art League, and the Advisory Committee of the Cooper Union Art School, all in New York.

Awards and recognition
Meière’s first major award came in recognition of one of her early projects. In 1928, a full six years before the Architectural League of New York admitted female members, the organization awarded Meière a gold medal in Mural Decoration for her work at the Nebraska State Capitol.

The U.S. War Department recognized the work she did with the Citizens Committee for the Army and Navy during World War II. In 1956, she became the first woman to win the Fine Arts Medal of the American Institute of Architects. Manhattanville College, Meière's alma mater, presented her with an honorary doctorate in 1953, and in 1959 the school presented here with a distinguished service award.

Selected works
For a complete list of Hildreth Meière’s work see The Art Deco Murals of Hildreth Meière, Catherine Coleman Brawer and Kathleen Murphy Skolnik. New York City: Andrea Monfried Editions, 2014.

 * Painted and gilded gesso decorations for the Great Hall of the National Academy of Sciences in Washington, D.C. 1924
 * Interiors, including ceramic tile domes, marble mosaic floors, leather doors, and gold-leaf stenciled designs, for the Nebraska State Capitol, Lincoln, Nebraska, 1924–32
 * Glazed ceramic tile decoration for the vaults and apse ceiling at Rockefeller Memorial Chapel, University of Chicago, 1928
 * Marble floor mosaics at the Baltimore Trust Building, 1929
 * Glass mosaics for the apse and narthex and four stained-glass clerestory windows for the nave at St. Bartholomew's Church, New York City, 1929–56
 * Glass mosaics for the arch and ark of the main sanctuary at Temple Emanu-El, New York City, 1929
 * Consultant on color and scale for the Red Room on the ground floor of 1 Wall Street (originally the Irving Trust Company Building, later the Bank of New York Mellon Building and now the One Wall Street condominium, New York City, 1931
 * Dance, Drama, Song (1932), three metal and enamel roundels for the 50th Street facade of the Radio City Music Hall building at Rockefeller Center, New York City (executed by Oscar Bach)
 * Glass mosaic lobby ceiling and tile map for the lobby wall of the AT&T Long Distance Building, New York City, 1932
 * Two projects for the 1933 Century of Progress Exposition in Chicago—a large painted mural entitled The Progress of Women through Organization and the terracotta tile floor of a pool for the Communications Court
 * Multiple projects for the 1939 New York World’s Fair
 * Oil-on-canvas mural for the ocean liner SS President Monroe, commissioned by the United States Maritime Commission and the Section of Painting and Sculpture (1940)
 * Inlaid marble alter frontal depicting the Annunciation for the Lady Chapel at St. Patrick's Cathedral, New York, 1942
 * Glass mosaics and majolica frieze at the Cathedral Basilica of Saint Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, 1945–61
 * Glass mosaic of the risen Christ for the half-dome of the apse of the Resurrection Chapel at Washington National Cathedral, Washington, D.C., 1951
 * Map of the Mississippi in gesso and metal-leaf for the Cabin Class Lounge, SS United States; Meière also worked, along with Austin Purves, Jr., on the over-all design of the ship interiors, 1952
 * Three-part marble mosaic mural for the lobby of Prudential Plaza, Newark, New Jersey, 1960

title: Hildreth Meière


text:
Talk:The Murder City Devils

Untitled
I would say it is a stub, no reasons for speeddeleting it. -- Yoghurt 21:18, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Certainly looks to me like they pass WP:MUSIC. Kappa 21:28, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Would this page be an appropriate place to list side projects or post-band projects (Dead Low Tide, John & Spencer Booze Explosion, etc.)? I don't think that any of them, with the exception of Pretty Girls Make Graves, deserve a full article, but I think they should be mentioned. ZombiesAhoy 19:16, 2005 Jun 10 (UTC)

This article has been kept following this VFD debate. Sjakkalle (Check!)  14:20, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Murder City Devils wiki needs more discography
More discography and more history, much more history. Needs to mention all the smaller projects that it stemmed from. ESPECIALLY The Hookers.

Rockn'roll band?
Would it be more apt to call them a 'punk rock' band?

they are ladled as alternative —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.76.134.24 (talk) 22:11, 9 March 2008 (UTC)

MCD Wiki
Perhaps when there's some content there the link would be relevant. However, as is, there's no place for it here.

Punk Metal? You must be joking.
They certainly have a punk strain to them, but take a look at the bands in the Punk Metal article, and you will see that they have no resemblance to MCD. When describing this band to my friends, I merely call them "Rock n Roll". If a modifier must be used, Garage Rock might suffice, but certainly not "Punk Metal". Nihixul 18:07, 26 May 2007 (UTC)

Remove trivia from "History" section
The last few lines of the first section read like trivia, and are written in the future tense even though they occurred quite some time ago.

I removed them, but EdwardZhao reverted my changes. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 198.147.139.205 (talk) 18:23, 23 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Remember to use edit summaries and sign your name next time. Also, it appears that the article is needing some more recent history. It is a bit outdated. Those lines that were deleted were not "trivia" in my opinion. If someone could find sources, I would suggest re-adding the information.--EdwardZhao (talk) 18:38, 23 June 2011 (UTC)

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title: Talk:The Murder City Devils


text:
File:Completeu2.jpg

summary
Cover of U2's The Complete U2 digital box set.

Fair use in The Complete U2
Though this image is subject to copyright, its use is covered by the U.S. fair use laws because:
 * 1) It's a low resolution copy of a CD/album cover.
 * 2) It doesn't limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the CD/album in any way, in fact, it may encourage sales.
 * 3) Because of the low resolution, copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the album artwork on another CD.
 * 4) The image is itself a subject of discussion in the article or used in the infobox thereof.
 * 5) The image on the cover is significant because it was made by a famous artist.

Source

 * 1) Derived from a digital capture (scan/photo) of the album/CD cover (creator of this digital version is irrelevant as the copyright in all equivalent images is still held by the same party). Copyright held by the record company or the artist. Claimed as fair use regardless.

title: File:Completeu2.jpg