text:
The Little Prince (play)

The Little Prince is a play based on the book of the same name by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry, adapted by Rick Cummins and John Scoullar before 2000. Rick Cummins wrote the music, and John Scoullar wrote the script and lyrics. There are several changes from the book, including the omission of the drunkard (tippler), switchman and merchant characters; the removal of a great deal of the narration from the aviator; significant changes to the rose scenes; and a large change in the order of events.

Musical numbers
This version of The Little Prince for theater is not only a play but a musical, also, with many lengthy musical numbers. Two songs to note are the song of the Fox, "Day after Day", and the Aviator's first song, "I Fly". The longest song in the script has to be the Rose and Prince number, which goes by the title of "What a Beautiful day".

Although the play has an entire orchestra performing, it does not necessarily require one in the background for the full effect. A nicely-tuned piano and a strong chorus will have the same effect as a full orchestra.

title: The Little Prince (play)


text:
C47

C47 or C-47 may refer to:
 * C47 road (Namibia)
 * Caldwell 47, a globular cluster
 * A clothespin used in filmmaking
 * Douglas C-47 Skytrain, an American military transport aircraft
 * Four Knights Game, a chess opening
 * Nike Missile Site C-47 near Portage, Indiana
 * Portage Municipal Airport in Columbia County, Wisconsin

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: C47


text:
User talk:Bamjd3d~enwiki

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Unreferenced BLPs
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 * 1) Roberto Blanco -

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title: User talk:Bamjd3d~enwiki


text:
Talk:Synchrotron radiation

General comments
I am surprised you call linear acceleration synchrotron radiation; I would likely have picked "bremsstrahlung." The polarization (for a swarm of electrons with a power law spectrum) is polarized, but not perhaps "highly polarized" as was derived by Legg, M. P. C., & Westfold, K. C. 1968, ApJ, 154, 499.Pdn 16:36, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

"* Brilliance of about $$10^{14}$$."? $$10^{14}$$ in what units?

I need to comment here on the last part of the page. it is said:

Plasma physicist Hannes Alfvén suggested that ions travelling along a Birkeland current into a double layer, may be accelerated to relativistic velocities, which in an inhomengous magnetic field or pinches, accelerate ions to relativistic velocities through magnetic fields, producing synchrotron radiation.

However, there is absolutly no need for inhomogeneous magnetic fields. Charged particles will have, in general, a component of their velocity perpendicular to the local magnetic field, will thus gyrate and emit synchrotron emission. The whole end of this sentence does not make sense. Tusenfem

 * Removed for now. Be bold. Nonsuch 05:52, 1 March 2006 (UTC)

 * I've restored the deleted paragraph. There were TWO citations in the paragraph. Your job as editor is to clarify, not to remove stuff you don't understand. To find out what Alfvén meant, read the papers (the second paper is online in full (PDF)), asks other editors for clarification, and then rewrite it in words that you understand yourself. --Iantresman 10:15, 1 March 2006 (UTC)

 * I've removed POV-pusher Iantresman's attempt to circumvent consensus. Alfven's contribution is not worthy of contribution in this summary article. Just because you have a citation doesn't meant that it is editorally a wise idea to include the prose. --ScienceApologist 15:07, 1 March 2006 (UTC)

 * You really must get a handle on the meaning of Point of View. (1) I did not present MY point of view. (2) I did not present anyone else's point of view in a non-neutral manner. Unless you can find any SPECIFIC example in this example of where I contravened neutral point of view, I would be delighted to know.

 * That YOU'VE decided what is "worthy of contribution" IS a point of view. So tell me oh great one, what constitutes your worthiness? The fact that Alfvén was the first person to predict synchrotron radiation in space, based on his Nobel Prizing winning developement of magnetohydrodynamics isn't good enough for you? --Iantresman 16:10, 1 March 2006 (UTC)

 * There are two issues here. The first is that the sentence in question doesn't seem to make any sense. It's not even grammatically correct. It's a side issue to the subject of the article, so lets improve the article by removing this confusing paragraph. The other issue is the gratuitous portrait. In general, we don't stick a picture of everyone involved with a subject at the top of the subject article. Also, are you sure that the picture of Alfvén is fair use? The tag seems to indicate otherwise. Nonsuch 15:22, 1 March 2006 (UTC)

 * If the sentence doesn't make sense, we can improve it. Have a look at the citations, and propose an alternative wording. If you'd rather not, perhaps ScienceApologist can provide a dummed-down explanation of Alfvén's explanation. Do you think I should look through some of the other astronomy articles, and remove all the sentences that don't seem to make sense to me.

 * As for the image of Alfvén, I believe that ANY relevnant image in an article, especially in such a dry subject as this, is better than no image. Alfvén is not just vaguely related to the subject, but as mentioned earlier was the first person to predict synchrotron radiation in space. As for fair use, I don't know. --Iantresman 16:10, 1 March 2006 (UTC)

 * The postage stamp image shouldn't be in any of the articles it is (stamps are only fair use when illustrating the stamp itself), but Image:Hannes-alfven.jpg is okay.  — Laura Scudder ☎ 17:16, 1 March 2006 (UTC)

The two mentions of "GeV-frequencies" should be "GHz-frequencies" surely? [The mention to "GeV-range" energies appears correct.] 203.109.242.80 07:11, 9 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I've restored the paragraph deleted by ScienceApologist on the grounds that (a) it provides a historical background to Alfvén's correct prediction of synchrotron radiation (b) it is factually accurate (c) supported by two citations.

 * That other summaries omit the information is irrelevent; this is not most other summaries. --Iantresman 00:01, 22 May 2006 (UTC)

Prediction of synchrotron radiation and reason
As noted by the article, synchrotron radiation was first predicted by Hannes Alfvén and Nicolai Herlofson in 1950, and subsequently confirmed by Geoffrey R. Burbidge. The reason behind such a prediction, (indeed any notable prediction), would seem to be not only non-trivial, but consistent with the scientific method. Alfvén's reasoning then, is not just another theory, but the one which enabled him and Herlofson to successfully predict synchrotron radiation.

If "... there are a billion theories on the innumerable production methods of sync rad. in space .." why is one unverified theory left in the text? --Iantresman 11:26, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

 * That's not what I removed. I have no doubt he was the first to predict them existing. Its his theories in the 80's on ions in Birkeland currents and double layers that are not worth including and what I removed. Is it possible that's what's happening somewhere in the universe? yes, but its certainly not a major part of sync. radiation theory. its just a grasping attempt to validate the fringe "plasma universe" nonsense and doesn't belong here. The section which I removed in no way elucidates "Alfvén's reasoning ...which enabled him and Herlofson to successfully predict synchrotron radiation", it came decades after thier prediction which originally concerned electrons in a magnetic field, not ions in plasma currents. The first cited paper has exactly 2 (TWO!) citations since publication 20 years ago! The second has maybe a dozen and a half, the vast majority of which are plasma universe paper citations. Alfven was a fine scientist, not some all knowing god to be worshipped, stop this pov pushing. --Deglr6328 16:49, 28 May 2006 (UTC)--Deglr6328 16:49, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

Multiband image of M87's jet does not show only synchrotron radiation
And therefore it has been removed. --ScienceApologist 21:19, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

 * No-one said that the image of M87 shows only synchrotron radiation. But according to Geoffrey Burbidge, synchrotron radiation was first detected in M87. According to a Gemini Observatory Press Releases page, "Synchrotron Radiation, is the primary radiation that is emitted by galactic jets such as the prominent jet in M-87". The page has four images of M87 in different wavelengths. Why don't you choose the one that your feel best exemplifies M87 and the emission of synchrotron radiation. The caption I believe was both factually accurate, conforms to NPOV, and relates to M87 and synchrotron radiation. --Iantresman 22:04, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Synchrotron radiation was indeed first detected in M87, but the four wavelength-band images are not all synchrotron radiation. The image is best left for discussion at galactic jets. Why not just include the standard image of Elliptical Galaxy M87? --ScienceApologist 23:07, 28 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I have revised the caption to direct attention to the blue jet emerging from the AGN core. Wwheaton (talk) 16:33, 21 December 2008 (UTC)

sales brochure?
The section "Synchrotron radiation from storage rings" reads like a sales brochure, or a research prospectus written by someone who's enthusiastic about applications of synchrotron radiation. The article is about the physical phenomenon in general, however. One could equally well have written this section from the point of view of a particle physicist, for whom synchrotron radiation is a nuisance. There's nothing wrong with talking about applications, but it should be clear that that's what's being talked about, and it shouldn't be incongruously prominent in the article.--76.81.164.27 02:53, 10 March 2007 (UTC)

What is the difference between brightness, intensity, and brilliance?
The article lists as characteristics of synchrotron radiation: Can someone who understands the technical difference between brightness, intensity, and brilliance in this context make an attempt to translate each of these into a short phrase understandable to a layperson, as has been done here for other technical terms (e.g. high collimation, low emittance)? These three words are pretty much synonyms in ordinary daily English and even in many scientific contexts, but they are listed separately here as though they refer to three distinct characteristics. Piperh 20:20, 6 June 2007 (UTC)
 * 1) High brightness and high intensity, many orders of magnitude more than with X-rays produced in conventional X-ray tubes
 * 2) High brilliance, exceeding other natural and artificial light sources by many orders of magnitude
 * This issue still needs addressing, though it is now moved somewhat to the companion synchrotron light source article. Probably a search through WikiP for articles on light, radiation transport, intensity (physics), photometry, etc should reveal careful definitions of these terms, but I have not yet done that. Wwheaton (talk) 16:51, 21 December 2008 (UTC)

Bremsstrahlung radiation
Skoch3 (talk) 06:09, 3 November 2008 (UTC):Shouldn't there be a brief mention of and link to the Bremsstrahlung_radiation article?
 * I think not, as it is entirely different in physical origin, though there are instances (in astronomy, say) when questions arise as to the nature of some particular radiation source. I would link as appropriate from the discussion of such cases, wherever they arise.  Wwheaton (talk) 16:45, 21 December 2008 (UTC)

Merging Synchrotron radiation with Synchrotron light
✅, with some name and scope changes as laid out below. Wwheaton (talk) 16:39, 21 December 2008 (UTC)

Someone added a merge header to the Synchrotron radiation and Synchrotron light articles, but didn't add a comment to the talk page suggesting why. I'll do the honors: "Synchrotron radiation" and "Synchrotron light" are the same thing. The only difference is that the latter could be considered a subset of the former, but the articles as written make (and need) no such distinction. The opening sections try to define the "Synchrotron light" article as being concerned with the applications of synchrotron radiation, while the "Synchrotron radiation" article is concerned with the production of synchrotron radiation, but that's a false bifurcation of a single topic. I strongly advocate merging the two articles. -- Dan Griscom (talk) 02:26, 12 November 2008 (UTC)

 * Strong Support The two are the same thing. (TimothyRias (talk) 11:06, 15 December 2008 (UTC))

 * I support the merge, but the Synchrotron light article seems to be largely about synchrotron light sources, the specialized electron accelerators use for x-ray and extreme UV materials research, etc. How about a general article focused on the physics of synchrotron radiation, and a general one on synchrotron light sources, with a link from Particle accelerators?  Wwheaton (talk) 19:55, 20 December 2008 (UTC)

In fact, after looking around a bit more, I have moved the old Synchrotron light to Synchrotron light sources. I hope this is a step in the right direction. Wwheaton (talk) 20:08, 20 December 2008 (UTC)
 * And now the accelerator stuff in this article largely needs to be moved over to the Synchrotron light sources article, retaining the physics and astrophysics material here. Once that is done, the redirect from Synchrotron light to Synchrotron light sources probably needs to be switched to point here, to Synchrotron radiation. Wwheaton (talk) 20:20, 20 December 2008 (UTC)

Needs work
I have to stop now, but the article is still a bit of a mess. I hope it is at least a little better. In particular it almost totally lacks any real discussion of the emission physics, spectrum, and polarization, which I think should be the core material after the lead. Most of the section on storage rings needs to be moved to the Synchrotron light source article. I think there should be some mention of curvature radiation in the astrophysics section at least, but will have to go back to my textbooks before I can supply it. Wwheaton (talk) 02:48, 21 December 2008 (UTC)

 * I have done a little more, moving the "Storage rings" material to the synchrotron light source article, retaining a copy of a little of it that is relevant to the emission physics. I have basically not removed any material from either of the two articles except for what seemed obvious duplication.  However all the references are now here, "Synchrotron light source" being completely unsourced.  Nor have I added anything except smoothing connectives and explanation to ease the flow. Anyway, others should feel free to leap in. Wwheaton (talk) 19:16, 21 December 2008 (UTC)

Needs to have more information on how synchrotron radiation follows from the Lorentz force law. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Michael.r.sabino (talk • contribs) 03:05, 17 July 2010 (UTC)

Citation Image
This image http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Syncrotron_radiation_energy_flux.png seems to be a reproduction from D. H. Tomboulian and P. L. Hartman, Phys. Rev. 102 (1956) 1423. Shouldn't that be cited? 192.44.85.28 (talk) 12:07, 23 January 2014 (UTC)

Physical Meaning of the Critical Frequency
I think the physical meaning of the critical frequency as the frequency that divides the emitted power into equal halves (from: http://xdb.lbl.gov/Section2/Sec_2-1.html), should be added. Just giving out the equation without physical meaning is not helpful. سادىق سېتىنىياز (talk) 01:29, 2 December 2014 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Sadik82 (talk • contribs) 01:22, 2 December 2014 (UTC)

Equation 8, and others
One of the equations has been recently changed by the user Special:Contributions/2001:DA8:D800:740:C19E:3912:33F4:CA84, as follows:

Integration over the whole solid angle yields the total power radiated by one electron

Old version: $$P=\frac{e^2}{6\pi\epsilon_0c}\left | \dot{\vec{\beta }} \right |^2\gamma ^4=\frac{e^2c}{6\pi\epsilon_0}\frac{\gamma ^4}{\rho ^2}=\frac{e^4}{6\pi\epsilon_0m^4c^5}E^2B^2,\qquad (8)$$

New version, with a single $$\beta^4$$ added: $$P=\frac{e^2}{6\pi\epsilon_0c}\left | \dot{\vec{\beta }} \right |^2\gamma ^4=\frac{e^2c}{6\pi\epsilon_0}\frac{\beta^4\gamma ^4}{\rho ^2}=\frac{e^4}{6\pi\epsilon_0m^4c^5}E^2B^2,\qquad (8)$$

I'd like someone knowledgeable to take a look at this equation to see which version is right. In fact, preferably someone should verify all the equations we have in the article -- it seems their accuracy is somewhat dubious. JudgeDeadd (talk) 11:05, 30 December 2014 (UTC)

 * You can derive the energy loss from [4.3] & [4.2] from https://slac.stanford.edu/pubs/slacreports/reports02/slac-r-121.pdf using:
 * $$r_\text{e} = \frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}\frac{e^2}{m_{\text{e}} c^2}$$
 * and get:
 * $$P_{\gamma}=\frac{e^4}{6\pi\epsilon_0m^4c^5}E^2B^2$$
 * or using the radius of curvature [4.4]:
 * $$P_{\gamma}=\frac{e^2 c \gamma^4}{6\pi\epsilon_0 \rho^2}$$
 * first version seems ok for me. Jlpons (talk) 10:58, 24 November 2023 (UTC)
 * After more reflexion, the above formula are valid for a speed close to c $$\beta \approx 1$$. The radius of curvature is equal to:
 * $$\rho = \frac{\beta^2 c^2}{a}$$ where a is the acceleration (centripetal acceleration)
 * So the formula should be corrected with $$\beta$$
 * However in the formula the $$\beta$$ vector is confusing. Jlpons (talk) 07:50, 25 November 2023 (UTC)

'History of Detection' and Reber
The section states that SR "was first detected in a jet emitted by Messier 87 in 1956 by Geoffrey R. Burbidge". The article on Grote Reber notes (without citation) that his observations of significant low-energy radio signals did not support the (then-current) black-body radiation model. The Reber article then reads: "It was not until the 1950s that synchrotron radiation was offered as an explanation for these measurements." Since Reber was essentially the world's only radio astronomer for a decade, doing much his work in the VHF range (GHz receivers being,erm, a bit crude in the 40s), it's quite possible that the 'detection' came before even Alfven and Herlofson. Alas, I don't have access to the Reber publications, but here's a bibliography of 91 of them (20 before 1950). Some attention to Reber seems appropriate here. Twang (talk) 07:34, 2 September 2015 (UTC)

Article needs an APPLICATIONS section
This article needs to have a section on the uses and applications of synchrotron radiation. The reader needs to be informed about X-ray crystallography, without which we would not know anything about protein-structures, and photoemission, which is essential for analysis of semiconductors and other technologically-important surfaces. HandsomeMrToad (talk) 03:49, 27 November 2016 (UTC)

Reevaluate article quality
This article is still marked as start-class quality, which I believe is inappropriate given that this article is now longer, has good graphics, and contains relevant physics equations. Would anyone be willing to reevaluate this article for quality? Mooseandbruce1 (talk) 07:29, 27 February 2017 (UTC)

Bremsstrahlung again
The connection with Bremsstrahlung has been discussed above and rejected on the grounds that it is of different physical origin. That contradicts the Bremsstrahlung article, which states this is simply a narrower definition of the same physical events. As I understand it, both are caused by the same underlying mechanism, the only difference between the definitions being that one is linear and the other perpendicular. Is there a difference in the underlying physical mechanism, or is the difference essentially source related? Maury Markowitz (talk) 12:53, 10 October 2017 (UTC)

 * I am retired, with most of my books in storage, and rapidly losing my memory..., so the likelihood of my adding anything useful is small, but I will try and think about it. However, I believe the answer to your question is "no".  The meaning of "linear" and "perpendicular" depends on the velocity of the frame of reference, but of course the physical mechanism does not.  By the way, it seems to have been agreed and settled in the Bremsstrahlung article talk page that the correct rendering of the noun in English is "bremsstrahlung", spelling correct, but lower case for the anglicized noun; but of course confused by the need for capitalization in the article title.  Cheers, Wwheaton (talk) 19:53, 10 October 2017 (UTC)
 * I'm concerned about the "physical mechanism" part. That appears to be "acceleration" in both cases. This is the crux of my question. Maury Markowitz (talk) 20:41, 11 October 2017 (UTC)

 * Sorry so slow to respond, but yes, it is merely a matter of conventional usage. Any acceleration of a charged particle produces EM radiation.  In the case of synchrotron radiation, this acceleration is produced by a magnetic field, while in the case of bremsstrahlung it is produced by the particle (usually electrons) bumping through matter at high speeds, in which case it is a chaotic mix of electric and magnetic fields that do the accelerating.

 * But notice that the distinction between B and E fields is not fundamental, and depends on the Lorentz frame of the observer — they are both part of the EM field, which is really a tensor object with components that transform in a complicated way with motion. In the rest frame of the charged particle, the magnetic component is zero, and the force is entirely electric.  So, no synchrotron radiation from that rest frame point of view, in which "linear" and "perpendicular" have no meaning.  Wwheaton (talk) 07:25, 3 December 2017 (UTC)

 * I just noticed that the lede already mentions this, sort of, in passing. I think that's good enough. Maury Markowitz (talk) 02:23, 8 December 2017 (UTC)

Density?
From the text of the article: "photoelectrons ... propagate secondary electrons from the pipe walls with increasing frequency and density up to 7×10^10." What are the units of the density being specified? Unless I am missing some concept by which density can be a unitless quantity, there should be units specified here. Dratman (talk) 02:06, 12 February 2019 (UTC)

Section "synchrotron radiation in astronomy" completely misleading
It all about bremmstralung and other emissions due to relativistic particle-particle collisions, but not about synchrotron radiation, which is due to interaction of particles with macroscopic magnetic field. Although SR emissions of discussed objects exists and very important, they are radio emissions, they not seen on images, and not mentioned in text.Lexey73 (talk) 10:47, 19 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Synchrotron radiation


text:
Elsewhere

Elsewhere may refer to:

Film

 * Elsewhere (2001 film), a 2001 Austrian documentary by Nikolaus Geyrhalter
 * Elsewhere (2009 film), an American thriller starring Anna Kendrick
 * Elsewhere (2019 film), an American comedy-drama directed by Hernán Jiménez

Literature

 * Elsewhere, a 1991 novel by Will Shetterly
 * Elsewhere (anthology), a 2003 Australian speculative-fiction anthology
 * Elsewhere (Blatty novel), a 2009 novel by William Peter Blatty
 * "Elsewhere" (short story), a 1941 science-fiction short story by Robert Heinlein
 * Elsewhere (Zevin novel), a 2005 novel by Gabrielle Zevin
 * Elsewhere: A Memoir, a 2012 memoir by novelist Richard Russo

Music

 * Elsewhere (Joe Morris album) or the title song, 1996
 * Elsewhere (Pinegrove album), 2017
 * Elsewhere (Scott Matthews album) or the title song, 2009
 * Elsewhere (Set It Off album), 2022
 * Elsewhere, an album by Ryan Hemsworth, 2019
 * Elsewhere, an EP by Gretta Ray, 2016
 * "Elsewhere", a song by Sarah McLachlan from Fumbling Towards Ecstasy, 1993

Places

 * Elsewhere, a museum and artist residency in Greensboro, North Carolina
 * The name of a town in Calloway County, Kentucky
 * Elsewhere (music venue), music venue in Bushwick, Brooklyn

Other

 * Elsewhere (website), a music, arts and travel website run by New Zealand journalist Graham Reid
 * Elsewhere, the stage name of dancer David Bernal
 * In special relativity, the region of spacetime outside a light cone
 * Elsweyr, a fictional nation in the Elder Scrolls videogame series

title: Elsewhere


text:
Iain Overton

Iain Overton (born 1973) is a British investigative journalist and the author of The Price of Paradise: How the Suicide Bomber Shaped the Modern World and Gun Baby Gun: A Bloody Journey into the World of the Gun.

He has been given the following awards for his journalism: a Peabody, a BAFTA Scotland, two Amnesty Awards, a Prix Circom, the Bar Council Best Journalist of the Year a One World Award. In addition, he has received nominations for three Royal Television Society Awards and a Golden Dagger Award.

Education
Overton read history at Downing College, Cambridge. From 1997 to 1998, he took an MPhil in international relations at Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge.

The Crucified Soldier
The Crucified Soldier refers to the widespread story of an Allied soldier serving in the Canadian Corps who may have been crucified with bayonets on a barn door or a tree. During World War II the story was used by the Nazis as an example of British propaganda.

Iain Overton investigated the story of the Crucified Soldier as well as other myths of World War I in his MPhil dissertation and developed them into a television documentary, which was transmitted in 2002 as part of UK Channel 4's Secret History series. Overton uncovered new historical evidence which identified the crucified soldier as Sergeant Harry Band of the Central Ontario Regiment of the Canadian Infantry, who was reported missing in action on 24 April 1915 near Ypres. Other soldiers in his unit wrote to Band's sister Elizabeth Petrie to express their condolences; a year later, one of them finally confirmed in a letter to her that her suspicions her brother had been "the crucified soldier" were true. Band's body was never recovered, and he is commemorated on the Menin Gate memorial.

The evidence discovered by Overton included a typewritten note by a British nurse found in the Liddle Collection of war correspondence in Leeds University. The note related comments by a Lance Corporal C.M. Brown to his nurse, Miss Ursula Violet Chaloner, who he told of a Sergeant Harry Band who was "crucified after a battle of Ypres on one of the doors of a barn with five bayonets in him."

Broadcast journalism
In 2004 Overton won a BAFTA Scotland for the exposé Security Wars, a BBC film highlighting corruption in the security industry in Scotland. In 2005 he won a Peabody Award for a BBC report on counterfeiting in the pharmaceutical industry.

In that year he was also a producer on the series that won, with reporter Simon Reeve, a One World Award for best popular feature for the series Places That Don't Exist for the BBC. In August 2005 he was appointed an Executive Producer at ITN.

In 2006 he was voted best Broadcast Journalist by the UK bar council for a news report on the proposed changes to the coroners' system, which would have made coroners' investigations into deaths abroad discretionary rather than compulsory.

The Bureau of Investigative Journalism
In September 2009, Overton was appointed the first managing editor of the Bureau of Investigative Journalism.

In this role he oversaw many award-winning investigations, including the Wikileaks Iraq War Logs. In 2010/2011, under his editorship, the Bureau won an Amnesty Award, a Thomson Reuters Award and was shortlisted for an IRE award  for its reporting. In 2011/2012 the Bureau won a second Amnesty Award and was nominated for four Press Gazette British Journalism Awards.

Overton resigned from his role at the Bureau of Investigative Journalism in the wake of the scandal. Overton had agreed to the secondment of a member of his staff to the BBC to produce a Newsnight report with no editorial control over the story. However, on 2 November 2012, despite such lack of involvement Overton tweeted: 'If all goes well we've got a Newsnight out tonight about a very senior political figure who is a paedophile.'

The BBC TV programme Newsnight broadcast, shown on 2 November 2012 and reported by the Bureau of Investigative Journalism's lead journalist Angus Stickler made an allegation against an unnamed politician, who was widely identified on the internet as the former Conservative Party Treasurer Lord McAlpine. Lord McAlpine issued a statement strongly denying the accusations. This allegation was subsequently admitted to be false.

Regarding Overton's role in the story, the Trustees of the BIJ concluded that "The Trustees consider that he (Overton) made a serious error of judgment, and risked the reputation of the Bureau, when he tweeted about the programme on the day of its transmission, both by exaggerating the Bureau's role in the story and by releasing information (that was itself wrong) prematurely."

In November 2012, eight members of parliament supported an Early day motion, tabled by Paul Flynn MP, praising the stories reported at the Bureau under Iain Overton's editorship.

Action on Armed Violence
From 2012, Iain Overton became the executive director of the London-based charity Action on Armed Violence (AOAV).

He is an expert member on the Forum for the Arms Trade.

Gun Baby Gun: A Bloody Journey into the World of the Gun
Gun, Baby Gun: A Bloody Journey into the World of the Gun was published by Canongate in 2015.

The Spectator said it was "relentlessly engrossing". The Independent said it was a "riveting book...enough to make your jaw drop... without judgement, refusing to descend into anti-gun rhetoric." The Financial Times described it as "adventurous, ambitiously tracing the often devastating impact of guns around the world."

Gun Baby Gun was shortlisted for the 2015 Crime Writer's Association Dagger Awards in the non-fiction category.

The Price of Paradise: How the Suicide Bomber Shaped the Modern World
Overton's second book - The Price of Paradise: How the Suicide Bomber Shaped the Modern World - came out in April 2019. In 2020, The Price of Paradise was nominated by the Airey Neave Trust for the Neave Book Prize 2019/20.

Christina Lamb reviewed it as "fascinating... a must-read" in the Sunday Times.

Anthony Loyd reviewed it as "outstanding... the author takes confident control over this huge, dense and dark subject... Engrossing" in the New Statesman.

Articles

 * Second Battle of Ypres: Did the use of poison gas pave way for the Holocaust?
 * Ypres anniversary: Why we must all remember the Crucified Soldier
 * Waco Texas biker gang shootings shocked the world - but no-one cares about Mexico drug war deaths
 * Trigger warning: 10 shocking truths about gun violence
 * Charming Sharks

title: Iain Overton


text: User:UncleFloyd

title: User:UncleFloyd


text:
DECUS

The Digital Equipment Computer Users' Society (DECUS) was an independent computer user group related to Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC). The Connect User Group Community, formed from the consolidation in May, 2008 of DECUS, Encompass, HP-Interex, and ITUG is the Hewlett-Packard’s largest user community, representing more than 50,000 participants.

History
DECUS was the Digital Equipment Computer Users' Society, a users' group for Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) computers. Members included companies and organizations who purchased DEC equipment; many members were application programmers who wrote code for DEC machines or system programmers who managed DEC systems. DECUS was founded in March 1961 by Edward Fredkin.

DECUS was legally a part of Digital Equipment Corporation and subsidized by the company; however, it was run by unpaid volunteers. Digital staff members were not eligible to join DECUS, yet were allowed and encouraged to participate in DECUS activities. Digital, in turn, relied on DECUS as an important channel of communication with its customers.

DECUS Software Library
DECUS had a software library which accepted orders from anyone, distributing programs submitted to it by people willing to share. It was organized by processor and operating system, using information submitted by program submitters, who signed releases allowing this and asserting their right to do so. The DECUS library published catalogs of these offerings yearly, though because it had the catalog mastered by an outside firm, it did not have easy ways to retrieve the content of early catalogs (prior to circa 1980) in machine readable format. Later material was maintained in house and was more easily edited. The charges for copying were somewhat high, reflecting the fact the copies were made by hand on DECUS equipment.

Activities
There were two DECUS US symposia per year, at which members and DEC employees gave presentations, and could visit an exhibit hall containing many new computer models and peripherals among other things. By grace of the DEC employees, it became a custom to allow users to copy media for one another on these machines. This activity grew with time, and in the spring of 1977 some volunteers from the RSX SIG (Special Interest Group) led by Phil Cannon, Jim Neeland, and several others, arranged an informal drop-off, and made master distributions of all material submitted. Then they and other volunteers essentially made copies of this master distribution on tapes for the rest of the symposium, for anyone with a blank tape to write on.

This very quickly grew, and was noted in LUG (local user group) and SIG (special interest group) newsletters. The process of creating a master quickly attracted other volunteers who would make a master index of whatever had been submitted. The process of physically creating master tapes remained much the same until around 1979, when the tapecopy coordinators arranged copying facilities somewhere near the symposium site, because 9-track tape drives were not appearing as much on the exhibit hall floor often enough to be relied on. By fall 1979, there was a release form used with submissions, so that the DECUS library could redistribute the combined tapes, making them more easily available to members who did not get to the symposia. The VAX/VMS SIG started producing SIG tapes in spring 1979 and other SIGs, notably RSTS, RT-11, Languages and Tools, and the 10/20 SIGs, had analogous distributions made in somewhat similar fashion.

The distribution by copying only at the symposium was seen to be inadequate, so a tree of volunteers, each of whom would receive a copy of the material and make multiple copies for others, was devised. In these cases, the person desiring the material was expected to furnish blank media, as no money ever changed hands. The tapes grew in size constantly, and eventually moved to 8mm Exabyte media and to CDs, and then to DVDs. By that time nobody worried much about the relatively modest cost of blank media.

The RSX SIG tapes continued until 1992, when material was drying up. Some RSX material was put on VMS SIG tapes after that, and around 1987 the Languages and Tools SIG tapes were merged in. The distributions continued to be released twice a year until 2005, and were released yearly in 2006 and 2007 when the tapecopy coordinator who had been making masters since the mid 1980s, Glenn Everhart, retired from the role. By that time, network distribution had become good enough that media copy was no longer necessary in most places.

The SIG tapes contained a large variety of material which has been useful as examples of prior art in patent disputes. They always favored distribution of full sources (and occasionally did omitted binary-only submissions), making them match what patent examiners understand as "publication". DECUS media have always been available to anyone in the public, just more awkward for some to obtain than for others.

The DECUS U.S. Chapter conducted technical conferences at various locations, and ran other operations like Local User Groups (LUGs) and Special Interest Groups. Chapters in other nations did likewise. DECUS also promoted the open exchange of user-developed software, largely via magnetic media.

DECUS played a critical role in the development of computer games in North America in the 1970s. The pioneering titles Adventure by Will Crowther; Baseball, Dungeon and Star Trek by Don Daglow, and Hunt the Wumpus by Gregory Yob provided a foundation for the games industry. One of the first real-time interactive multi-user games, MTrek (MultiTrek), was also distributed on DECUS tapes. Major commercial game titles including Zork and Empire were first popularized by DECUS.

In the 1990s, DECUS played a significant role in integration of isolated post-Soviet scientific, technology, and business communities into the worldwide community.

In May 1998, Compaq acquired Digital, and DECUS became a Compaq user group. The technical conference continued, with Compaq announcing the Galaxy Software Architecture for OpenVMS at the October 1998 conference, and new hardware and software at the 1999 conference.

In 1999, Compaq urged DECUS to merge with the International Tandem Users' Group for users of Tandem Computer Systems, which was also owned by Compaq. A board member leaked information about the confidential merger discussions to the membership and was censured by the Board. In 2000, the DECUS U.S. Chapter incorporated as the independent user group Encompass.

In 2002, Hewlett-Packard acquired Compaq, and DECUS became an HP User Society.

In 2008, the HP user communities Encompass, ITUG, and HP Interex EMEA consolidated to form Connect Worldwide.

Local chapters
Membership was organized by country. Each chapter acted as part of the worldwide Association of Hewlett-Packard User Groups. DECUS had some 7,500 members, mostly system, network, and applications specialists as well as IT managers.

Association activities: The HP User Society DECUS promoted the exchange of information and know-how between its members, manufacturers and partners. The association supported its members in the representation of their interests against HP and partners, helped in problem solving and facilitates formation of opinion and advanced training by organizing events.

Well-known members
Some early and well-known members of DECUS were the late Terry Shannon and John R. Wisniewski.

title: DECUS


text:
Category:Final Fantasy media files

Media pertaining to the Final Fantasy video game media franchise. __NOGALLERY__

title: Category:Final Fantasy media files


text:
User:John Z/yk1

Baruch Kimmerling's new book "Politicide" has a short account in English of this based on the new Dado, quoted below, pp 65-66:

"Contrary to the conventional wisdom, the attack was not a surprise. The Israeli military and other intelligence sources had received precise warnings that had mentioned both the day and the hour.  King Hussein himself had informed Golda Meir about the coming attack.  The presumption was that if Israel were to let Egypt and Syria know that it was fully informed about the attack plans, the war could be postponed or even prevented.

Israel's failure to prevent the expected war can be explained as the result of an informal meeting in the legendary "Golda's Kitchen," an account of which was recently published by Hanoch Bartov. 14 The meeting, which took place about six months before the start of the war, included Golda Meir, Moshe Dayan and Israel Gallili, a minister without portfolio and Meir's chief adviser and mastermind. Gallili reported at the meeting that if Israel did not respond to what he described as "generous proposals" by Sadat, war was unavoidable. Both Meir and Dayan responded with a "so what?" explaining that an attack would give Israel a chance to destroy the Soviet-equipped army for the second time. Thus, arrogantly, Israel expected a war, but not the one that actually developed. ....

14  It had been common knowledge for a long time that Israel knew about the 1973 war and did nothing to prevent it; however, Bartov, in his new, enlarged edition of David (nicknamed "Dado") Elazar's biography, provided hard documentary evidence. "

politicide p 66 at google books

Israel knew the date and hour shortly before the attack, not 6 months before. (Aharon Bregman's recent book on Israel's Wars should have the details IIRC; I don;t recall precisely how long they knew) They knew 6 months before that an attack was 99.9% certain, and decided to do nothing about it then. The practically complete and foolhardy inaction right before the attack, even when they knew precisely when it was coming was in keeping with this insanely arrogant policy. For this, the Israeli public for once wised up, and threw the rascals out, long before the unequivocal documentary evidence came out that showed Meir, Dayan, etc as complete

Overall results of the war
Although Israel made gains on the Syrian front at the end of the war, the Egyptian destruction of the "indestructible" Bar-Lev defensive line, the regaining of the Suez Canal, the unprecedentedly heavy Israeli casualties and the withdrawal of Israeli troops from west of Suez Canal without the Egyptians returning to the 5th of October lines as Israel demanded led many Arabs to consider that the war was an overall win.

title: User:John Z/yk1


text: User:G.Leibniz

title: User:G.Leibniz


text: User talk:69.37.10.114

title: User talk:69.37.10.114


text:
Talk:Superconducting magnet

Untitled
Does anybody have references for this? Maybe mention the 1941 discovery of niobium nitride, the 1953 discovery of superconducting vanadium, the or the Westinghouse developments?

Use section
This used to read:

"Superconducting magnets can reach a much higher magnetic field intensity than normal magnets and they can hold this field for a long time. This is particularly needed in particle accelerators and nuclear magnetic resonance. For economic reasons these magnets are also used when a field of more than 1 tesla must be maintained for a long time."

which is all a bit wrong. I rewrote it and added the stuff on quenching. It might need a tidy up, I'm a bit tired, and - um - my magnet just quenched, which is why I've got time to do this. - 147.173.84.232 19:53, 14 December 2006 (UTC)Nick

 * Nick, much better opening paragraph, but I have one clarification. The largest resistive magnets are still capable of higher field than SC ones. NHMFL can do 36 T, DC in the hybrid. - Acronymsical (talk) 00:57, 6 January 2011 (UTC)

Increasing operator's heart rate
Why does quenching increases heart rate? Or is this a joke? Then it should be removed. Alexander Iwaschkin 16:09, 10 January 2007 (UTC)
 * I dunno. Possibly if its not a joke the increase is because of electrical interference? you know, like what a pacemaker does? maybe? Although, it does look a bit like a joke.
 * This really looks like a joke. I think I'll remove it!  Besides, someone with a pacemaker will not be using a superconducting magnet, I think. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 209.198.64.210 (talk) 23:52, 17 January 2007 (UTC).

Switching the current
I'm curious, how, in practical terms, the current is dumped into the magnet and then the magnet is switched to a closed loop. — Omegatron 19:31, 15 May 2007 (UTC)

 * A small part of the superconducting wire is outside the coil. When it is heated above its superconducting transition temperature the superconducting circuit is broken and it is possible to "dump" the current into the magnet. Of course, one needs to connect a suitable power supply accross this section of the superconducting wire.
 * TomyDuby (talk) 10:50, 12 July 2008 (UTC)

They come in non-electro too
They come as ordenary looking magnets as well http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z1yzH_7NIMg

They are verry cool, but ommited from this article

Alan2here 21:55, 5 June 2007 (UTC)

Inaccuracies in the construction section

 * The coil itself may be made of tiny filaments (about 20 micrometers thick) of a type II superconductor in a copper matrix. It is not the coil but the wire a superconducting magnet is wound from that consists of filaments embedded in a copper matrix.

TomyDuby (talk) 10:46, 12 July 2008 (UTC)
 * These filaments need to be this small because in this type of superconductor the current only flows skin-deep. This is not correct

Diagram misleading
The diagram of the superconducting magnet is not correct. The center of field is not in the center of the lower large superconducting coil. This is caused by the field of the compensation coil right above. The center is shifted downwards. Spinliquid (talk) 10:40, 7 January 2010 (UTC)

Assessment comment - March 2007
Substituted at 07:20, 30 April 2016 (UTC)

advances in accelerator magnets
Fermilab achieves world-record field strength for accelerator magnet Using Nb-Sn, claims 14.1 Tesla - previous record was 13.8 T. - Could mention and explain why accelerator magnets are harder than the other magnets mentioned - maybe its the extent of the field, or its uniformity along the beam track ? - Rod57 (talk) 13:20, 16 September 2019 (UTC)

State of the art eg for particle accelerators
Taming the superconductors of tomorrow includes latest on SbSn3 coils, & prospects for HTS. Could be good source for History and/or Uses sections. - Rod57 (talk) 11:00, 24 May 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Superconducting magnet


text:
User talk:Kirill Lokshin

Note retired banner now on user page.

MfD nomination of Portal:World War I
Portal:World War I, a page which you created or substantially contributed to, has been nominated for deletion. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; you may participate in the discussion by adding your comments at Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/Portal:World War I& and please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ). You are free to edit the content of Portal:World War I during the discussion but should not remove the miscellany for deletion template from the top of the page; such a removal will not end the deletion discussion. Thank you. Schierbecker (talk) 23:54, 29 January 2024 (UTC)

Nomination for deletion of Template:WikiProject Military history/NormalizedClass
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Category:Wars involving Frisia has been nominated for renaming. A discussion is taking place to decide whether it complies with the categorization guidelines. If you would like to participate in the discussion, you are invited to add your comments at the category's entry on the categories for discussion page. Thank you. Marcocapelle (talk) 06:29, 29 May 2024 (UTC)

Nomination of Talk:List of battles involving Sweden for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Talk:List of battles involving Sweden is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Talk:List of battles involving Sweden until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article until the discussion has finished. Gvssy (talk) 16:03, 11 July 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kirill Lokshin


text:
Smilodontini

Smilodontini is an extinct tribe within the Machairodontinae or "saber-toothed cat" subfamily of the Felidae. The tribe is also known as the "dirk-toothed cats". They were endemic to South America, North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa during the Miocene to Pleistocene, from 10.3 mya—11,000 years ago, existing for approximately.

As the name suggests, the famous genus of Smilodon is part of this group, but there are also three other distinct genera in Smilodontini. The earliest known genus of the tribe is Promegantereon, once thought to be a species of Paramachairodus. The tribe only became extinct 10,000 years ago, with the demise of Smilodon. All of these are saber-toothed cats, meaning that they have long, narrow upper canines and stocky, well muscled proportions.

Description
The various members of Smilodontini are generally distinguished by their long, narrow upper canines. However, the stockiness often seen as one of the tribe's signature features varied between the different genera. Promegantereon and Paramachairodus for example, were likely arboreal or at the least, scansorial, given their moderately long tails, large dewclaws and smaller, slender builds. These species also had relatively small upper canines for their size, though they already showed the flat, blade-like edges that defined them as those of machairodonts. Megantereon, a later species, was more intermediate in physiology between these earlier forms and the more cursorial Rhizosmilodon and Smilodon itself, which were better built for life on ground, as well as bringing down relatively larger prey.

Phylogeny
The phylogenetic relationships of Smilodontini are shown in the following cladogram:

Paleobiology
Like all machairodonts, smilodontins were equipped to hunt and kill prey in a manner that was seemingly quicker and more efficient than what is seen in modern cats like the pantherinae. Using their elongated canines, smilodontins would aim for the vital spots of the neck or belly (the exact placement of such bites is still hotly debated among experts), killing either by disembowelment of by severing major arteries such as the carotid. The enlarged carnassials would then be used to shear meat from the bones as the cat fed. In regards to feeding habits, the carnassials of Megantereon suggest that it was a loner that fed at leisurely paces in deep bushes or in trees, while Smilodon on the other end of the spectrum, lived in what was probably a highly competitive environment and in addition, seems to have been social, suggesting a need to eat as much as possible without losing a meal to scavengers.

title: Smilodontini


text: User talk:69.105.1.180

title: User talk:69.105.1.180


text: User talk:192.231.231.235

title: User talk:192.231.231.235


text:
Cyclosportive

A cyclosportive, or often simply sportive, is a short to long distance, organised, mass-participation cycling event, typically held annually. The Italian term Gran Fondo is commonly used for these events in the United States, Australia and some other English-speaking countries.

Cyclosportive is short for the French term randonnée cyclosportive (the spelling cyclosportif is sometimes also used but cyclosportive is correct as randonnée is a feminine noun in French).

Many cyclists use sportives to challenge themselves in a personal battle against the distance and then ultimately, the clock. Some participants in a cyclosportive will ride the event like a race, with prizes awarded and considerable prestige for top place finishers, particularly in events like La Marmotte, L'Étape du Tour and the Ardechoise.

A cyclosportive falls between a traditional cycle road race and the more challenging non-competitive randonnée or Audax events. Riders normally carry a number and the time they take to complete the course is recorded. There is usually an upper time limit within which the course must be completed (unlike many randonnée events, there is no lower limit preventing riders from completing the course quickly). The already lengthy course will traditionally include climbs and difficult riding conditions, adding to the merit of the event (e.g. the cobblestones of the Paris–Roubaix).

The routes will usually be well sign-posted and/or marshalled (some cyclosportives take place on roads which have been closed to motor traffic for the duration of the event), riders will be able to use feeding stations positioned at intervals along the route to replenish their food and drink supplies and mechanical and medical support may also be provided. Some attract thousands of participants – since 2000 l'Étape du Tour has offered places to 8,500 riders each year.

Sportive event timings
Although sportives are not races, entrants' times are usually recorded and sometimes riders are given their finishing position. This can encourage the fastest cyclists to push the pace, with faster riders working together to increase speed in a pro-peloton style. The majority of riders will simply be happy to complete the distance within the time allowance. It is common in France and Italy for prizes to be awarded to the winner and to those winning age-related categories. In the United Kingdom, sportives are not held as races in order to avoid strict rules governing cycle races on public roads.

Established sportive events
The first ever French cyclosportive was La Marmotte, which was first run in 1982 on a route starting in Le Bourg-d'Oisans and taking in the Col de la Croix de Fer, Col du Télégraphe and Col du Galibier before climbing to finish at the top of one of the most famous Tour de France climbs at Alpe d'Huez. It remains one of the most popular cyclosportive events today in Europe and is often considered to be the hardest cyclosportive.

Arguably the most famous of the cyclosportives today is the French l'Étape du Tour, held each July over a stage of that particular year's Tour de France, usually a mountain stage. This over-subscribed event sees approximately 7,500 riders attempting to emulate the professional cyclists. The Ardéchoise is one of Europe's largest event with 15,000 riders taking part but this time participants are able to choose from a range of circuits, from 66 km to 268 km. The Tour of Flanders had 18,000 participants in its 2007 edition and 17,000 in 2008. Riders can also choose from different circuits including mountainbike courses, from 28 km to 256 km. These events often enjoy roads closed to traffic for the duration of the event, allowing riders to enjoy the full width of the road and to profit from the often technical sections of the route.

Another coveted French event, the Paris–Roubaix Challenge, mimics the legendary one-day classic Paris–Roubaix. Held bi-annually, this 260 km sportive increases the test of reliability and endurance yet further with 26 sections of pavé which total some 42 km (26 miles). It is not uncommon for riders to break bikes and even bones over these cobbled roads. Other notable events are the Cape Argus Cycle Tour in South Africa which celebrated its 30th year in 2007 with 40,000 entrants and Italy's Maratona dles Dolomites.

The largest open road cyclosportive in the UK is the Verenti Dragon Ride Wales, held each June over a challenging 200 km mountainous course in South Wales. There are three UK cyclosportives held on closed roads: the annual Etape Caledonia which attracted some 3,500 cyclists in its 2009 edition, follows a route around the Perthshire highlands; the Etape Cymru, first held in October 2011 on North Wales roads including the Horseshoe Pass; and the Prudential RideLondon-Surrey 100 through central London and the Surrey countryside, which in its inaugural run in 2013 was completed by nearly 16,000 riders, and by over 20,000 the next year.

Cyclosportives that are longer than 300 km fit the criteria for ultra-distance cycling events. Although the Milan–San Remo cyclosportive proclaims itself to be the "longest Granfondo in the world", it is only 296 km long and there are several others that are longer. Bordeaux–Paris was a professional race until 1988 and returned in 2014 as a cyclosportive with a route of about 610 km. The Tour du Mont Blanc is a 330 km long cyclosportive over mountainous terrain through France, Switzerland, and Italy. Slightly longer still is the Wysam 333 in Switzerland at 333 km. There is also the Vätternrundan cyclosportive that does a tour of the Swedish lake, which is a route that measures 315 km.

In New Zealand, there is the Lake Taupo Cycle Challenge. The standard cyclosportive option involves a single lap of the lake, which is 160 km long, but there are also options to do two laps in one day for 320 km, with no support on the first lap, or start one day earlier and do four laps, 640 km, which is more of a randonneuring event. Every second year there is also an 8 lap option, 1280 km long, but a following support vehicle is required for that version making it an ultracycling event.

Examples of notable cyclosportives

 * Australia
 * Around the Bay in a Day
 * Audax Alpine Classic
 * Belgium
 * Tour of Flanders
 * Liège–Bastogne–Liège
 * Italy
 * Granfondo Milano–Sanremo
 * Milano–Torino
 * Gran Piemonte
 * Giro di Lombardia
 * L'Eroica – vintage themed cyclosportive
 * Maratona dles Dolomites
 * Finland
 * Tour de Helsinki
 * France
 * l'Étape du Tour.
 * La Marmotte.
 * Time-Megeve-Mont-Blanc
 * Greece
 * The Tour of Crete
 * Ireland
 * Wicklow 200
 * New Zealand
 * Lake Taupo Cycle Challenge
 * Norway
 * Styrkeprøven
 * South Africa
 * Pick 'n Pay Cape Argus Cycle Tour
 * 94.7 Cycle Challenge
 * Herald Cycle Tour
 * Pick n Pay Fast One
 * Amashova Durban Classic Race
 * Spain
 * Quebrantahuesos
 * Sweden
 * Vätternrundan
 * United Kingdom
 * Etape du Dales
 * Fred Whitton Challenge
 * Great Manchester Cycle
 * Tour Pour La Mer
 * Prudential RideLondon-Surrey 100
 * United States
 * King Ridge GranFondo
 * Sea Otter Classic

title: Cyclosportive


text:
Serenity (actress)

Serenity (born October 29, 1969) is an American former pornographic actress who worked with Wicked Pictures and Hollywood Video. In 2002, she was ranked one of "The Top 50 Porn Stars of All Time" by Adult Video News. She also worked as a reporter for various news channels and is an outspoken advocate for animal rights.

Early life
Serenity was born in Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, and raised "everywhere from Maine to Mississippi", and moved to Las Vegas in the early 1990s. She holds a degree in journalism. She was a ballet dancer and waitress prior to entering the adult entertainment industry.

Career
Serenity started out stripping and modeling for men's magazines. Her first scene was with Alexis DeVell and PJ Sparxx in Jennifer Ate for Wicked Pictures in 1993. Her first boy/girl scene was in The Temptation of Serenity. She was a contract performer for Wicked Pictures between 1996 and December 31, 2001. In September 2002, she signed a one-year, multi-picture deal with Hollywood Video. She announced her retirement on September 22, 2004. With the exception of her first boy-girl scene, she always shot with condoms. AVN ranked her 36th on their list of "The Top 50 Porn Stars of All Time". She was also the first performer to win back-to-back AVN Awards for Best Actress - Video.

Mainstream media appearances
Serenity worked as a correspondent on E! during her porn career. She appeared in over twenty specials for Wild On!. In 1999, she appeared alongside Julia Ann in a skit for The Man Show. That same year, she appeared on Good Day L.A. reporting from Erotica LA. alongside Stephanie Swift. She made another appearance on the show shortly after. In 2000, she made appearances in Action and Frank Chindamo's The Dalai Camel. The Dalai Camel is part of an anthology titled Love Bytes.

Other ventures
In June 1999, Serenity launched Las Vegas Novelties, a sex toy manufacturer. She co-founded it with Mark Goodman. In 2001, she purchased Goodman's half of the company and became its sole proprietor. Las Vegas Novelties was acquired by Pipedream Products in March 2005.

In November 2002, Serenity, Peter Chan, and Steve Lane launched C & L Wholesalers, a Canberra, Australia-based company that sold adult products such as condoms, personal lubricants, and sex toys.

In May 2000, Serenity began reviewing pornographic films for Adult DVD Empire. She was also the publisher, as well as a columnist, for Showgirls magazine.

Advocacy
Serenity is a strong supporter of PETA. She has done fundraising auctions for PETA as well as radio and television interviews on their behalf. A photo of her wearing fake snakeskin chaps and a pleather corset was featured in PETA's Shopping Guide to Nonleather Products, which was released in October 2001. She's been an outspoken proponent of vegetarianism and received a nomination by PETA for Sexiest Vegetarian in 2003, five years after she became a vegetarian.

Personal life
Serenity identifies as bisexual. In 2003 the Sydney Morning Herald newspaper said, "Serenity, a feminist adult industry company executive, has become an unwilling poster girl for the gender power shift in an industry historically associated with exploitation." She married her business partner, Steve Lane. In September 2004, she was in her third trimester of pregnancy with their first child.

title: Serenity (actress)


text:
Virginia militia

The Virginia militia is an armed force composed of all citizens of the Commonwealth of Virginia capable of bearing arms. The Virginia militia was established in 1607 as part of the English militia system. Militia service in Virginia was compulsory for all free males. The main purpose of the Crown's militia was to repel invasions and insurrections and to enforce the laws of the colony.

17th and early 18th century
In 1623, the year following the outbreak of the first major Anglo-Powhatan War in Virginia, the Virginia General Assembly commanded, "that men go not to work in the ground without their arms; That no man go or send abroad without a sufficient partie well armed." In 1661 Governor William Berkeley stated, "All our freemen are bound to be trained every month in their particular counties." The British county lieutenant system was employed as the population grew; each county had a lieutenant, appointed as the county's chief militia officer.

The militia system was originally used to defend against Native American tribes in the tidewater area. As the slave population grew in the Virginia Colony, the militia played a role in keeping slaves from running away or from revolting – through the use of militia patrollers. This Virginia militia system was put to the test in 1676 during Bacon's Rebellion. The Crown's militia was victorious over Nathaniel Bacon, who tried to seize power.

Virginia militia under the command of Colonel James Patton fought an Iroquois war party at the Battle of Galudoghson in December 1742. This was the first military action between Virginia soldiers and Native Americans in western Virginia.

French and Indian War
During the French and Indian War (1754–1763), a formal act came into effect.

"WHEREAS it is necessary, in this time of danger, that the militia of this colony should be well regulated and disciplined...And be it further enacted, by the authority aforesaid, That every person so as aforesaid inlisted (except free mulattoes, negroes, and Indians) shall be armed in the manner following, that is to say: Every soldier shall be furnished with a firelock well fixed, a bayonet fitted to the same, a double cartouch-box, and three charges of powder, and constantly appear with the same at the time and place appointed for muster and exercise, and shall also keep at his place of abode one pound of powder and four pounds of ball, and bring the same with him into the field when he shall be required...And for the better training and exercising the militia, and rendering them more serviceable, Be it further enacted, by the authority aforesaid, That every captain shall, once in three months, and oftner if thereto required by the lieutenant or chief commanding officer in the county, muster, train, and exercise his company, and the lieutenant or other chief commanding officer in the county shall cause a general muster and exercise of all the companies within his county, to be made in the months of March or April, and September or October, yearly; and if any soldier shall, at any general or private muster, refuse to perform the command of his officer, or behave himself refractorily or mutinously, or misbehave himself at the courts martial to be held in pursuance of this act, as is herein after directed, it shall and may be lawful to and for the chief commanding officer, then present, to cause such offender to be tied neck and heels, for any time not exceeding five minutes, or inflict such corporal punishment as he shall think fit, not exceeding twenty lashes..."

Four companies of Virginia militia participated in the Sandy Creek Expedition in February 1756, however the expedition was forced to turn back due to harsh weather and lack of food.

In September 1756, Colonel George Washington was unsuccessful in raising a militia in Augusta County to attack the active Indian warriors on the Jackson River. Militia were required to man a series of strategically sited forts on the Virginia frontier.

Revolutionary War
In 1774, revolution was at Virginia's doorstep when Royal Governor Lord Dunmore dissolved the Virginia House of Burgesses because of their support of the city of Boston against the closing of the Port of Boston by Lord North. On May 15, 1776, the Virginia General Assembly voted unanimously for independence and to have a declaration of rights drawn up. Colonel George Mason became the principal author of the Virginia Declaration of Rights which was published on June 12, 1776. Mason drew from his own previous writings upon his founding of the Fairfax County Independent Company of Volunteers on September 21, 1774. This company was a paramilitary organization independent of the Crown's militia. Article 13 of the Virginia Declaration of Rights which established the militia clause as a fundamental right was based upon three solid English rights: the right to revolution, the right to group self-preservation and the right to self-defense. Under Article 13 of the Virginia Declaration of Rights he wrote:

"That a well regulated militia, composed of the body of the people, trained to arms, is the proper, natural, and safe defense of a free state, that standing armies, in time of peace, should be avoided as dangerous to liberty; and that in all cases the military should be under strict subordination to, and governed by, the civil power."

Shortly after the Revolutionary War began, Kentucky County, Virginia was organized with George Rogers Clark as head of its local militia. Clark asked Governor Patrick Henry for permission to lead a secret expedition to capture the nearest British posts, which were located in the Illinois country. Governor Henry commissioned Clark as a lieutenant colonel and authorized him to raise troops for the expedition. The Illinois campaign began in July 1778, when Clark and about 175 men crossed the Ohio River at Fort Massac and marched to Kaskaskia, taking it on the night of July 4. Cahokia, Vincennes, and several other villages and forts in British territory were subsequently captured without firing a shot, because most of the French-speaking and American Indian inhabitants were unwilling to take up arms on behalf of the British. To counter Clark's advance, Henry Hamilton reoccupied Vincennes with a small force. In February 1779, Clark returned to Vincennes in a surprise winter expedition and retook the town, capturing Hamilton in the process. The winter expedition was Clark's most significant military achievement.

Present-day system
The Virginia militia system, as a compulsory service composed of the body of the people trained to arms as envisioned by George Mason, remained intact until the end of the American Civil War. During the Civil War, the Virginia militia was the main recruiting body for first the Provisional Army of Virginia and later the Virginia state regiments of the Confederate Army. After the Civil War, Reconstruction governments forced upon Virginia an all-volunteer militia system in opposition to Virginia's Bill of Rights. The militia became statutorily composed of the volunteer and the unorganized militia.

In 1971, the Virginia Bill of Rights under Article I, Section 13, was changed to the following by popular vote

"That a well regulated militia, composed of the body of the people, trained to arms, is the proper, natural, and safe defense of a free state, therefore, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed; that standing armies, in time of peace, should be avoided as dangerous to liberty; and that in all cases the military should be under strict subordination to, and governed by, the civil power."

Twentieth Century and the Present
The current Virginia Militia under Virginia Code states '''§ 44-1. Composition of militia.'''

The militia of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall consist of all able-bodied residents of the Commonwealth who are citizens of the United States and all other able-bodied persons resident in the Commonwealth who have declared their intention to become citizens of the United States, who are at least 16 years of age and, except as hereinafter provided, not more than 55 years of age. The militia shall be divided into three classes: the National Guard, which includes the Army National Guard and the Air National Guard; the Virginia Defense Force; and the unorganized militia. The Code of Virginia, Section 44-117 states, "The officers of the Virginia Military Institute, the Virginia Women's Institute for Leadership at Mary Baldwin College, the Fishburne Military School, the Massanutten Military Academy, and the Commandant of Cadets and Assistant Commandants of Cadets of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University shall be commissioned officers of the Virginia militia, unorganized, and subject to the orders of the Governor and the same rules and regulations as to discipline provided for other commissioned officers of the military organizations of the Commonwealth."

Permanent faculty members of the Virginia Military Institute (VMI) are normally offered commissions in the naval or unorganized militia of Virginia. The Superintendent of VMI is normally a Lieutenant General of the unorganized Virginia militia unless the superintendent is a regular US military officer of higher rank. The corps of cadets also serves as cadet members of the unorganized militia. Staff members of the Virginia Tech Corps of Cadets also may hold officer appointments in the Virginia Militia, unless they hold higher rank as active or retired US military officers. All graduates of the Virginia Tech Corps of Cadets, who complete either a leadership track or ROTC education, and automatically commissioned as Second Lieutenants in the Virginia Militia.

title: Virginia militia


text:
Talk:B-4 (Star Trek)

Song B-4 sang
Was the song B-4 sang at the end really the same one Data tried to sing? I thought Riker said it was a different one. (I'd check, but my DVD is buried in a box somewhere after our move. :\ ) --Joe Sewell 16:41, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, it was. Riker wasn't even in the scene, so I'm not sure what you're thinking of. B-4 starts singing the tune Data sang (Blue Skies), but gets stuck, at which point Picard prompts him. We see Picard leave B-4's quarters with a smile. Cue teeth grinding from the audience. (Or maybe that's just me.) 131.155.99.4 14:42, 8 November 2005 (UTC)
 * I believe the song (User: Joe Sewell) is referring to ,that Riker tried to remember (While the senior officers mourned over Data) in the movie "Nemesis", was the tune Data tried to whistle (Pop goes the weezle) in the TNG episode Encounter at Farpoint. GoodDay 17:15, 30 November 2005 (UTC)
 * The songs sung by Data in the TNG pilot and by Data/B-4 in Emesis are different. E Pluribus Anthony 17:32, 30 November 2005 (UTC)
 * You mean, of course Nemesis. GoodDay 18:27, 30 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Of course! That's an in-joke of mine: Nemesis didn't wholly sit well with me, for various reasons. :) E Pluribus Anthony 18:39, 30 November 2005 (UTC)

Name Makes No Sense
The comment on how B-4's name "doesn't make sense" seems out of place and mistaken. If Dr. Soong was intentionally building a prototype or test-bed, he might well have named it "B-4/Before". After all, the definition of a prototype is that it comes "before" something else.

This article is somewhat 'suspect'.
Very suspect indeed.

 * I'm not sure what is meant by that, but its simply a synopsis of much of the film Star Trek Nemesis, and so is somewhat undeserving of such a lengthy article Alastairward (talk) 14:10, 19 March 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:B-4 (Star Trek)


text:
Dempster

Dempster may refer to:

People

 * Dempster (surname), a surname
 * Dempster Woodworth, Wisconsin state senator and physician
 * Dempster (deemster), an official at pre-1746 baronial courts' moot hills in Scotland.

Places

 * Dempster, South Dakota
 * Dempster Land District, Western Australia
 * Dempster Highway, a Canadian roadway, in the Yukon and Northwest Territories
 * Dempster Street, a major east–west artery north of Chicago, Illinois, part of which is part of U.S. Route 14
 * Dempster (CTA Purple Line station), a Chicago Transit Authority rapid transit station in Evanston, Illinois
 * Dempster-Skokie (CTA station), a Chicago Transit Authority rapid transit station in Skokie, Illinois
 * Dempster Street station (C&NW), a former commuter rail station in Evanston, Illinois

Companies and products

 * Dempster Brothers, Inc., a Tennessee industrial firm
 * Dempster Dumpmaster, a garbage-handling vehicle manufactured by the company
 * Dempster Dumpster, a waste receptacle manufactured by the company
 * Dempster's brand bread, a product of Canada Bread
 * Dempsters, a manufacturing company in Nebraska

title: Dempster


text:
User:Cheggery

 * Name: Safe Hammad
 * Nickname: Safe
 * Gender: Male
 * Born: 1973
 * Talk: User talk:Cheggery

16:40, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Todo list

title: User:Cheggery


text:
Badlands bighorn

The Badlands bighorn (Ovis canadensis auduboni), commonly known as Audubon's bighorn sheep, is an extinct subspecies or population of bighorn sheep of the northern Great Plains in North America. Its existence as a separate subspecies is disputed.

Former distribution
While the one common name refers to the Badlands region of the Dakotas, it inhabited a larger range that included Montana, Wyoming, Nebraska, South Dakota, and North Dakota.

Some sources assert that the subspecies was hunted to extinction in the early 1900s. Others claim that the subspecies persisted as long as 1926.

Biologists Wehausen and Ramey assert that it was not a unique bighorn sheep subspecies but rather a variation of the widespread Rocky Mountain Bighorn (Ovis canadensis canadensis). Some later studies do not support the existence of the Badlands Bighorn as a distinct subspecies.

Rocky Mountain bighorn have replaced the subspecies/variation in its former habitats.

title: Badlands bighorn


text:
User talk:Cheggery

Hello there! Anyone want to get the ball rolling?

Random Smiley Award
 For your contributions to Wikipedia and humanity in general, you are hereby granted the coveted Random Smiley Award originated by Pedia-I (Explanation and Disclaimer) ♠  TomasBat   21:54, 31 August 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Cheggery


text:
Embeddable Common Lisp

Embeddable Common Lisp (ECL) is a small implementation of the ANSI Common Lisp programming language that can be used stand-alone or embedded in extant applications written in C. It creates OS-native executables and libraries (i.e. Executable and Linkable Format (ELF) files on unix) from Common Lisp code, and runs on most platforms that support a C compiler. The ECL runtime is a dynamically loadable library for use by applications. It is distributed as free software under a GNU Lesser Public License (LGPL) 2.1+.

It includes a runtime system, and two compilers, a bytecode interpreter allowing applications to be deployed where no C compiler is expected, and an intermediate language type, which compiles Common Lisp to C for a more efficient runtime. The latter also features a native foreign function interface (FFI), that supports inline C as part of Common Lisp. Inline C FFI combined with Common Lisp macros, custom Lisp  expansions and compiler-macros, result in a custom compile-time C preprocessor.

title: Embeddable Common Lisp


text:
P.O.S (rapper)

Stefon Leron Alexander (born August 18, 1981), better known by his stage name P.O.S, is an American hip hop artist from Minneapolis. He has been a member of groups such as Doomtree, Building Better Bombs, Gayngs, Marijuana Deathsquads, Cenospecies, Four Fists, and Shredders.

Early life
P.O.S was born in Minneapolis, Minnesota. He attended Hopkins High School, though he did not reside in Hopkins.

Early career
Before entering hip hop, P.O.S performed in punk-rock bands Degenerates and Om.

In 2001, P.O.S, rapper Syst, and DJ Anomaly formed the short-lived hip hop group Cenospecies. The group released a studio album, Indefinition, in 2002. The group won the tongue-in-cheek award "Best Band to Break Up in the Past 12 Months" in the year-end issue of City Pages.

Doomtree
In 2001, P.O.S and MK Larada formed the hip hop collective Doomtree. The group has released three studio albums: Doomtree (2008), No Kings (2011), and All Hands (2015).

Solo
P.O.S released his debut solo studio album, Ipecac Neat, on Doomtree Records in 2004. His second studio album, Audition, was released on Rhymesayers Entertainment in 2006.

In 2009, P.O.S released his third studio album, Never Better, on Rhymesayers Entertainment. It peaked at number 106 on the Billboard 200 chart.

His fourth studio album, We Don't Even Live Here, was released on Rhymesayers Entertainment in 2012. It peaked at number 47 on the Billboard 200 chart. A version of the album remixed by Marijuana Deathsquads, titled WDELH/MDS/RMX, was released a year later.

In 2017, P.O.S released his fifth studio album, Chill, Dummy, on Doomtree Records.

Side projects
P.O.S is a vocalist and guitarist in the punk band Building Better Bombs. The group released a studio album, Freak Out Squares, on Init Records in 2007.

He is a member of Minneapolis indie supergroup Gayngs. The group's first studio album, Relayted, was released on Jagjaguwar in 2010.

Marijuana Deathsquads was formed after Building Better Bombs went on hiatus. Consisting of rotating members, the group released the first studio album, Crazy Master, in 2011.

P.O.S is also a member of hardcore punk band Wharf Rats along with Chris 2, Chachi Darin, and Wade MacNeil.

He is one half of Four Fists along with Astronautalis. The duo's first studio album, titled 6666, was released in 2018.

He is a member of Shredders along with Sims, Lazerbeak, and Paper Tiger. The group has released two studio albums: Dangerous Jumps (2017) and Great Hits (2019).

Style and influences
In a 2010 interview with Punknews.org, P.O.S listed Minor Threat, Operation Ivy, Black Flag, Rancid, Metallica, and Michael Jackson as some of the first musicians he loved. Hip hop-wise, he cited Mos Def, Company Flow, Atmosphere, and Aesop Rock as important influences.

Personal life
In 2012, P.O.S had to cancel his national tour due to health concerns. In a video posted to YouTube, P.O.S said failing kidneys were to blame for the cancelation, saying: "Everyone keeps telling me, including my doctors, that I have to take care of my health first." In 2014, he received a kidney transplant.

Sexual misconduct allegations
In June 2020, P.O.S released a statement regarding allegations of abuse by his touring DJ. In response to this, multiple women came forward accusing P.O.S himself of a history of manipulation and emotional abuse. In July 2020, P.O.S responded to these allegations and announced that he was stepping away from music.

Recognition
P.O.S has been honored with two stars on the outside mural of the Minneapolis nightclub First Avenue, recognizing performers that have played sold-out shows or have otherwise demonstrated a major contribution to the culture at the venue. P.O.S has one star for his solo work, and the Doomtree collective also has one.

Studio albums

 * Indefinition (2002) (with Syst and DJ Anomaly, as Cenospecies)
 * Ipecac Neat (2004)
 * Audition (2006)
 * Freak Out Squares (2007) (with Ryan Olson, et al., as Building Better Bombs)
 * Never Better (2009)
 * We Don't Even Live Here (2012)
 * Chill, Dummy (2017)
 * Dangerous Jumps (2017)
 * 6666 (2018)

Remix albums

 * WDELH/MDS/RMX (2013)

EPs

 * Falsehopes (2002) (with Cecil Otter)
 * False Hopes Mega! (2003) (with Cecil Otter)
 * This Is a Gang. All We Need Is a Name (2006) (with Ryan Olson, et al., as Building Better Bombs)
 * Wharf Rats (2011) (with Chris 2, Wade MacNeil, and Chachi Darin, as Wharf Rats)

Singles

 * "Half Cocked Concepts" (2005)
 * "Bleeding Hearts Club" (2006)
 * "P.O.S Is Ruining My Life" (2006)
 * "Goodbye" (2009)
 * "Drumroll (We're All Thirsty)" (2009)
 * "Optimist (We Are Not for Them)" (2009)
 * "Purexed" (2009)
 * "Crack a Window" (2011) (with Big Cats!; split 7-inch with William Elliott Whitmore)
 * "Bumper" (2012)
 * "Fuck Your Stuff" (2012)
 * "Sleepdrone/Superposition" (2016)
 * "Wave" (2016)
 * "Wearing a Bear" (2016)
 * "Woof" (2016)
 * "Lanes" (2016)
 * "Overcast" (2019)
 * "Wave" (2022)

Guest appearances

 * Heiruspecs – "Commonwealth" from Small Steps (2002)
 * Negative One – "Pressure" from Less Is More (2004)
 * Mel Gibson and the Pants – "Shark Sandwich" from A Mannequin American (2004)
 * Ernie Rhodes – "Solid" from The Orbital Effect (2005)
 * Sims – "No Homeowners" from Lights Out Paris (2005)
 * Mel Gibson and the Pants – "Collars Popped and Loaded" from W/ Guitar (2005)
 * Word for Word – "Elevata Music" from Twin Cites or Bust (2006)
 * The Awesome Snakes – "P.O.S. vs. Awesome Snakes" from Venom (2006)
 * Minus the Bear – "Drilling (P.O.S Redo)" from Interpretaciones del Oso (2007)
 * Astronautalis – "The Story of My Life" from Pomegranate (2008)
 * The Gigantics – "Mr. Anaya" from Die Already (2008)
 * Mike Mictlan & Lazerbeak – "Shux" from Hand Over Fist (2008)
 * Cecil Otter – "Traveling Dunktank" from Rebel Yellow (2008)
 * BK-One with Benzilla – "A Day's Work" from Radio Do Canibal (2009)
 * The Returners – "I Promise" from Break Up Your Make Up (2009)
 * Prof & St. Paul Slim – "Broadcasting" from Recession Music (2009)
 * Approach – "Leads (Hard to Find)" from SweetKnuckleJunction (Season 1) (2010)
 * Grieves – "War for the Crippled" from The Confessions of Mr. Modest (2010)
 * Kristoff Krane – "Don't Mean a Thing" from Picking Flowers Next to Roadkill (2010)
 * B. Dolan – "Fall of T.R.O.Y." from Fallen House, Sunken City (2010)
 * Dark Time Sunshine – "Primor" from Vessel (2010)
 * Dez & Nobs – "Underbelly" from Rocky Dennis (2010)
 * Gayngs – "No Sweat" from Relayted (2010)
 * Muja Messiah – "Dear God" from M-16's (2010)
 * Mod Sun – "Keep It Movin'" from The Hippy Hop EP (2010)
 * Sims – "Too Much" from Bad Time Zoo (2011)
 * Open Mike Eagle – "Why Pianos Break" from Rappers Will Die of Natural Causes (2011)
 * Astronautalis – "This Is Our Science" from This Is Our Science (2011)
 * K. – "No Goons" from Raphood & Authenticity (Blackened Reissue) (2011)
 * Scroobius Pip – "Let 'Em Come" from Distraction Pieces (2011)
 * Spyder Baybie Rawdog and 2% Muck – "Knockin' at Your Door" and "Let Me Know" from Now That's What I Call Raw Vol. 2: Poornigraphy (2011)
 * Dark Time Sunshine – "Overlordian" from Anx (2012)
 * Mike Mictlan – "Syke!" and "Let Me Know" from Snaxxx (2012)
 * Showyousuck – "Hotline Miami" from Dude Bro (2013)
 * Busdriver – "Go Hard or Go Homogenous" from Perfect Hair deluxe edition (2014)
 * Toki Wright & Big Cats! – "Heal" from Pangaea (2014)
 * Koo Koo Kanga Roo – "Shake It Well" from Whoopty Whoop (2014)
 * Play Date – "Ninja Pajamas" from We All Shine (2015)
 * Sean Anonymous + Dimitry Killstorm – "Big Bang" from Better Days (2015)
 * Cavanaugh – "Typecast" from Time and Materials (2015)
 * Greg Grease – "On a Limb" from Born to Lurk, Forced to Work (2015)
 * Onry Ozzborn – "Turmoil" from Duo (2016)
 * Red Pill – "Fuck Your Ambition" from Instinctive Drowning (2016)
 * Sadistik – "Molecules" from Altars (2017)
 * YYY – "Here Today" from A Tribute to the Beach Boys' Pet Sounds (2017)
 * Joey Van Phillips – "Broken Arrow" from Punch Bowl (2017)
 * Cas One vs. Figure – "Never Stop Running" from So Our Egos Don't Kill Us (2017)
 * Ultra Suede – "What It Is" from Ultra Suede (2018)
 * Transit22 – "Against the Wind" from Dark Day // Good Morning (2019)
 * Infidelix – "Six Days Six Nights" from #ripme (2019)
 * Dwynell Roland – "Motions" from Weird Captions (2019)
 * Ceschi – "Incesticide" from Sans Soleil (2019)
 * The MC Type – "Over the Influence" from Lucky Silverback (2024)

title: P.O.S (rapper)


text: User talk:203.197.239.218

title: User talk:203.197.239.218


text:
Evelyn Wood

Evelyn Wood may refer to:

 * Evelyn Wood (British Army officer) (1838–1919), Field marshal, Victoria Cross recipient
 * Evelyn Wood (teacher) (1909–1995), American educator

title: Evelyn Wood


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Computer hacking types

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. Golbez 01:11, Jun 20, 2005 (UTC)

Computer hacking types
User is a known vandal, whose edits were reverted. In addition, the page is titled nonsensically ("computer hacking types" - what, types of hackers? Different system attacks? Types of computers?), and is both non-wikified and non-encyclopaedic. I could see how the content of the page, as it stands, might be useful, but it really needs to be (a) cleaned up and (b) retitled. jglc | t | c 16:44, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Agreed. --Xcali 19:48, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, not an article. Gazpacho 02:35, 18 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
Talk:William Heath

Untitled
There is also an engraver named William Heath. I don't know how to do a disambiguation page -- perhaps somebody else could do it....? NoahB 16:45, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * I created William Heath (artist). Though there may be more than two William Heaths of note, so a disambiguation may be appropriate at some point. -- Infrogmation 13:30, 12 August 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:William Heath


text:
German auxiliary cruiser Widder

Widder (HSK 3) was an auxiliary cruiser (Hilfskreuzer) of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine that was used as a merchant raider in the Second World War. Her Kriegsmarine designation was Schiff 21, to the Royal Navy she was Raider D. The name Widder (Ram) represents the constellation Aries in German.

Early history
Built at Howaldtswerke, Kiel, she was launched in 1929 as the cargo ship Neumark for the Hamburg America Line (HAPAG). In 1939 the Kriegsmarine requisitioned her for use as a commerce raider. She was converted by Blohm+Voss in late 1939, and commissioned as the raider Widder on 9 December of that year. She sailed on her first and only raiding voyage in May 1940.

Raider voyage
Widder sailed as part of the Kriegsmarine's first wave of commerce raiders, sailing on 6 May 1940 under the command of Korvettenkapitän (later Fregattenkapitän) Helmuth von Ruckteschell.

Leaving Germany on 6 May 1940, she made for Bergen, in Norway. On 13 May Widder encountered the British submarine HMS Clyde (N12) on the surface, exchanging gunfire for more than an hour, with no hits for either side. After the engagement, the cruiser sheltered in Sandsfjord. On 14 May she put to sea, crossing the Arctic Circle the next day. On 21 August 1940, 800 miles west of the Canary Islands, she sank SS Anglo Saxon (1929), which had been carrying coal from Newport, Wales, to Bahía Blanca, Argentina. After refuelling from the auxiliary ship Nordmark, she slipped through the Denmark Strait. Over a 5½ month period she captured and sank ten ships, totalling.

Widder was reported to have machine-gunned the crew of Anglo Saxon in their lifeboats. One jolly boat with seven crewmen survived. Over two months later, on 27 October, the last two survivors in the boat landed in the Bahamas after a 2,275-mile voyage. One of the two was killed when his next ship was torpedoed in 1941. The other survived the war and testified against von Ruckteschell, who was sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment for war crimes. He died in prison in 1948.

Having completed her mission, she returned to occupied France on 31 October 1940.

Later history
Deemed unsuitable as a merchant raider due to persistent drive problems, Widder was re-christened Neumark, and used as a repair ship in Norway, playing a major role in repairing the battleship GERMAN BATTLESHIP Tirpitz in 1943–44. After the war she was taken into British merchant service as Ulysses, then sold back to Germany as Fechenheim in 1951. She was converted into a motor ship in 1954. She was wrecked off Bergen in 1955, and scrapped shortly after.

She was one of only two German auxiliary cruisers to survive the war, after one 1940 cruise. Her captain, Helmuth von Ruckteschell, was one of only two German naval commanders convicted of war crimes at the end of the war.

title: German auxiliary cruiser Widder


text:
Tempus fugit

Tempus fugit is a Latin phrase, usually translated into English as "time flies". The expression comes from line 284 of book 3 of Virgil's Georgics, where it appears as fugit irreparabile tempus: "it escapes, irretrievable time". The phrase is used in both its Latin and English forms as a proverb that "time's a-wasting".

Usage
Tempus fugit is typically employed as an admonition against sloth and procrastination (cf. carpe diem) rather than an argument for licentiousness (cf. "gather ye rosebuds while ye may"); the English form is often merely descriptive: "time flies like the wind", "time flies when you're having fun".

The phrase is a common motto, particularly on sundials and clocks. It also has been used on gravestones.

Some writers have attempted rebuttals: "Time goes, you say? Ah, no! alas, time stays, we go." by Henry Austin Dobson (1840–1921)."Hêd Amser! / Meddi Na! / Erys Amser / Dyn Â" on sundial at Univ of Bangor, North Wales. says the sundial was commissioned by Sir William Henry Preece, and offers an English equivalent: "Time flies, thou sayest - Nay! Man flies; Time still doth stay." Another English version is: "Time Flies, Say Not So: Time Remains,'Tis Man Must Go."

Bud Powell's composition "Tempus Fugue-it" is a pun on the phrase.

In the Georgics
The phrase's full appearance in Virgil's Georgics is:

title: Tempus fugit


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/SSD (band)

 * Merge. This article needs to be merged with SSD_(band). Tombride 16:47, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I see now these entries are mirror. There is no reason for the dual entry.  Tombride 16:51, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The article Society-System-Decontrol, if that's what you are referring to, is a redir page, redirecting to SSD (band). I therefore remove the vfd notice. Punkmorten 20:35, 14 July 2005 (UTC)