text:
Talk:Apartheid wall

 * Talk:Apartheid wall/Archive1

AfD result
This article was nominated for deletion; the result was a decision to merge and redirect to Israeli West Bank barrier; see Articles for deletion/Apartheid wall for details. The merger remains to be carried out, and will be left to those with more experience working on these articles. bd2412 T 03:42, 4 June 2006 (UTC)

Can't redirect to the middle of an article
Redirects to a tag in the middle of an article don't work. It's a known bug. I'd like to get it fixed, because it's incredibly useful in dealing with lists of fancruft. --John Nagle 02:50, 11 July 2006 (UTC)

Literal meaning
'Apartheid' translates as separation; thus I suggest this redirects to Separation barrier —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Special:Contributions/ (talk)

hey man, look at Articles for deletion/Apartheid wall. There has been a strong consensus. Moreover, only this barrier is recognized as a apartheid wall Nielswik(talk) 15:52, 29 October 2006 (UTC)

redirect
This should be at worst a disambiguation page. This search only returns 20,300 hits (and even most of those seem to still be refering to the West Bank barrier), while searching on the term itself returns 475,000 hits. That clarifies the use of the term is primarily for the West Bank barrier. -- Kendrick7talk 18:34, 1 November 2006 (UTC)
 * But Israel is in the main list so there's no problem, a person searching for Israel will easily find it there. Amoruso 05:12, 15 December 2006 (UTC)

redir
There has been a voting on Articles for deletion/Apartheid wall, and the result was merge and redir to Israeli west bank barrier. I'm wondering why people keep changing it. --Nielswik(talk) 08:25, 2 November 2006 (UTC)

 * Looks like the usual suspects changed it, despite the AfD decision. I'll change it back.

--John Nagle 04:58, 5 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Keep your tiresome personal attacks to yourself. First, AfDs don't decide content. Second, Allegations of Israeli apartheid didn't exist then, and as this title reflects one of the allegations, a redirect to that page is clearly appropriate. SlimVirgin (talk) 05:38, 5 January 2007 (UTC)

 * You can request a deletion review if you don't like the AfD decision, but unilaterally changing it is inappropriate, especially for an admin. --John Nagle 21:17, 5 January 2007 (UTC)

redir changed proposed
well per new discussion in allegations of apartheid i'm now contesting it there's no reason it shouldn't refer to all others barriers. Sometimes they're refereed as this too and Israel is mentioned there anyway. Amoruso 05:11, 15 December 2006 (UTC)
 * 1) Do you have any references that show this term being used for other separation barriers or is your assertion original research? 2) The article this page now redirects to makes no mention of apartheid in it at all, seems very odd and 3) I looked at discussion page for Allegations of apartheid and didn't see anything about this page. Did I miss it? There was a heavy consensus for this redirect after much debate and you have now changed it and then declared that change a "proposal"... Normally it would be considered good faith to discuss a controversial proposal like that prior to implementing it. --MattWright (talk) 05:52, 15 December 2006 (UTC)
 * I'm discussing it now... I'm not engaging in edit-wars over it. I can change articles if I used talk and see if there's objection to my change. The issue in general is being discussed now in the talk page of that article. As for other references - sure, first of all the term apartheid wall sometimes refers to apartheid in general Secondly, it often relates to the wall between Morocoo and Spain and Europe - A new wave of Africans seeking to illegally enter the EU has caused a spike in deaths at the EU's "apartheid wall" in North Africa: At least five people have been killed during a mass attempt by migrants to get into the Spanish enclave of Ceuta in North Africa. "Three died on the Moroccan side of the border and two on the Spanish side," said Spanish deputy prime minister Maria Teresa Fernandez de la Vega.  As to your 3rd point, that can be added to the main article but clearly the term can be generic and should not be classified to one, it's highly inappropriate. Since there was actually apartheid in Botswana it's not suprising that their wall is termed often as apartheid wall too  - why not redirect there ? makes more sense. Cheers, Amoruso 06:30, 15 December 2006 (UTC)

Had to revert unauthorized change
A recent change converted the page to a redirect to Allegations of Israeli Apartheid, which is aginst the decision of a previous AfD. Please don't do that. If you want to make such a drastic change, propose an AfD again. Thanks. --John Nagle 17:19, 7 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Again, please don't make the article into a redirect without going through an AfD. Editors, please watch for misleading edit comments on this article. Thanks. --John Nagle 19:41, 11 July 2007 (UTC)
 * The previous nomination was a straw man nomination by a straw man sockpuppet; as such, the AfD is tainted. In any event, the consensus on the AfD was to re-direct the article, not a disambiguation page or various other content. It's now being re-directed to a useful article, one that actually discusses this use, and includes some of the same material that was in the original "Apartheid wall" article. And yes, editors, please watch for misleading edit summaries, especially ones that claim the previous AfD decision was something other than turning this into a re-direct. Jayjg (talk) 00:04, 13 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Actually, the result from that AfD (and I quote from above on this page) was a decision to merge and redirect to Israeli West Bank barrier. In fact, the page Israeli apartheid (phrase) (which now redirects to Allegations of Israeli apartheid) was around at that time, but editors decided the redirect was more appropriate to Israeli West Bank barrier.  So why do you insist on going against the decision and redirecting elsewhere? If people search on this term, they are clearly looking for the barrier, and the barrier article even has a section on the term. --MattWright (talk) 05:01, 13 July 2007 (UTC)
 * The section in the West Bank barrier article discussing the "Apartheid" issue is basically a redirect to the Allegations of Israeli apartheid article. The AfD decision was taken before the Allegations of Israeli apartheid article existed. It's clearly more relevant to the topic, and actually has some of the sources etc. used in the original Apartheid wall article. Jayjg (talk) 17:56, 13 July 2007 (UTC)
 * The AfD result at Articles_for_deletion/Apartheid_wall was "The result of the debate was merge and redirect to Israeli West Bank barrier. I will leave it to those more experienced working on these articles to carry out the merge. BD2412 T 03:36, 4 June 2006 (UTC)" The unsupported statement that "The AfD is tainted" does not justify ignoring it. Properly, it should be a redirect to "Israeli West Bank Barrier".  What we have now is a compromise from the AfD. Starting a deletion review is an option. --John Nagle 16:30, 13 July 2007 (UTC)
 * If the result was "merge and redirect", why are you doing the opposite? Please respect the AfD decision, rather than invoking it, then doing the exact opposite of the decision. I consider your continuing defiance of the AfD decision to be simple vandalism at this point, so I will be using the admin rollback from now on; I'm informing you of this per WP:REVERT. Jayjg (talk) 17:00, 13 July 2007 (UTC)
 * was previously disciplined in his 2006 arbitration for misuse of admin authority in this same editing dispute. "Administrators admonished -- All involved administrators are admonished not use their administrative tools without prior discussion and consensus, and to avoid using them so as to continue an editing dispute. Humus sapiens, ChrisO, Kim van der Linde, SlimVirgin, and Jayjg are reminded to use mediation and other dispute resolution procedures sooner when conflicts occur." See also his  2005 arbitration.  We seem to have to go through this about once a year.  --John Nagle 21:50, 23 July 2007 (UTC)
 * John, what "admin authority" have I "misused"? Please be explicit. Jayjg (talk) 01:22, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * I can understand Matt's point, but why would anyone think that the AfD asked for a disambiguation page, rather than the redirect that it seemed to have requested. As for where to redirect, I agree with Jayjg on this one, as Israeli West Bank barrier's section on "apartheid opinions" consists of two lines and a link to Allegations of Israeli apartheid.  Tewfik Talk 19:39, 13 July 2007 (UTC)

 * By the logic to make "Apartheid wall" a redir to Israeli West Bank barrier, the content of Allegations of Israeli apartheid (which is a POV fork started by banned user Homey) should be merged into the "WB barrier" article as well. You can't have it both ways. ←Humus sapiens ну? 20:33, 13 July 2007 (UTC)

This is totally ludicrous!!
"Apartheid" is an adjective, "wall" is a noun; the adjective qualifies the noun, to differenciate it from other nouns. When people type "apartheid wall" in the wikipedia searchbox, it's because they want to know about "that wall/fence/barrier/shrewberry hedge between Israel and Palestine I heard about on TV". To redirect them to "allegations of apartheid" is to demand of them that they be familiar with all the codewords, taboos and doublespeak of the Irsrel-Palestinian conflict, and is utterly confusing to someone that is not and will increase rather than decrease lack of knowledge. Can it get more unencyclopedic than that?--Victor falk 16:29, 23 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Read the discussion immediately above. Jayjg (talk) 20:42, 23 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Pure wikilawyering. It's an offense to common sense.--Victor falk 21:08, 23 July 2007 (UTC)
 * And your recent edits are pure WP:POINT. People who want to read about the allegations embodied in the phrase "apartheid wall" will only find them in Allegations of Israeli apartheid. Jayjg (talk) 21:29, 23 July 2007 (UTC)
 * And the allegations article is linked from the barrier article, so if they want to read about it, they can. The point is, the term references the barrier, so that is the most logical redirect. It was also the outcome of the AfD, and despite your claims, changing it to Allegations of Israeli Apartheid is not consensus, as you can see from the repeated changes to your edits. I think we should stick with the AfD result unless you want to re-open it.  The allegations article *did* exist at the time of the AfD, albeit under a different name (Israeli apartheid (phrase)), and some people did recommend redirecting there.  It just didn't get enough votes to be the decided outcome. I don't think you should be able to arbitrarily decide to redirect to a different article than the decided outcome of the AfD. If you think some of the information in the allegations article needs to be put back into the barrier article to make the point, then that should be done. --MattWright (talk) 22:26, 23 July 2007 (UTC)
 * The result of the AfD was re-direct. The specific re-direct article is not written in stone, particularly as the AfD was started before the Allegations of Israeli apartheid article was even written. I don't think this re-direct should be deleted, so I don't see the point in another AfD process. Jayjg (talk) 01:18, 24 July 2007 (UTC)
 * The Allegations article existed, under a different name, and some people even voted for it as the redirect (as I have mentioned in this discussion). Even if the Allegations article existed in the same state it does now, there is no reason to assume consensus would redirect this term there. Furthermore, although the specific redirect may not be "written in stone", it had broad consensus, which your change does not. I think people might be open to a compromise if the Allegations article had a start something like "Apartheid wall redirects here, For further information, see Israeli West Bank barrier." That isn't likely to happen while there is taking up the top of that article. Otherwise, your new redirect is very bad, because someone searching for the wall has to read half of the Allegations article before they come across an embedded link to what they are looking for. On the barrier page, "Apartheid opinions" is one of the sections and in the TOC. You shouldn't make it near impossible for people to find the article on the barrier, if all they've heard it called is the apartheid wall. I'm not trying to POV push here, I want people to be able to find the article they are searching for. --MattWright (talk) 03:44, 24 July 2007 (UTC)
 * 1) I haven't have a point. I don't give a flying fuck about the sad IsraeloArab-cyberwar, unlike some petty wikidisinfowarriors.
 * 2) I do give a fuck about wikipedia being disrupted and corrupted for such purposes.
 * 3) I ask you: do you honestly maintain that common people typing "apartheid wall" would be more interested in reading about allegations of apartheid than the security wall?--Victor falk 22:37, 23 July 2007 (UTC)
 * This goes back to Victor's first comment in this thread. I think that if someone types "apartheid wall" into a search box, meaning Israel's anti-terrorism fence/barrier, they are already very familiar with "code words" and "doublespeak", so they won't be surprised or confused when they get taken to an "Allegations of apartheid" article.   6SJ7 22:49, 23 July 2007 (UTC)
 * This isn't true -- they may just not know the article name, but have heard that reference. Israeli West Bank barrier is a great name for the article, but not an easy one to guess or type into the search box.  They may also type west bank security fence, or anti-terror fence, etc. These are all redirects that can point to the barrier article to help users find it. I think the AfD result shows people think the barrier is the appropriate redirect in this case, and there is certainly no consensus to change that. --MattWright (talk) 23:02, 23 July 2007 (UTC)
 * I can readily imagine that it so to people in Israel/Palestine. I suppose that to them it is just "the Wall", as it was just "der Mauer" to Germans. But for people in the rest of the world, that wall is always qualified as "the security wall", "the anti-terrorist safety fence", "the wall of shame", etc.--Victor falk 23:11, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

 * You are assuming that the readers who search for "Apartheid wall" are genuinely looking for information on the barrier. I strongly disagree and think that the operating word here is political epithet/allegation "Apartheid" and therefore it should redirect to Allegations of Israeli apartheid. As for "the least astonishment", I find it astonishing that a political epithet would merely redirect to the barrier, instead of an article describing the epithet. If Israeli West Bank barrier adequately describes the epithet, then let's remove Allegations of Israeli apartheid. ←Humus sapiens ну? 08:36, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

 * It's not that Israeli West Bank barrier describes the epithet, it's that the epithet refers to the Israeli West Bank barrier. —Ashley Y 08:51, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I beg to differ. "Tom the racist" refers to Tom only if he's indeed a racist. Otherwise it's an allegation. ←Humus sapiens ну? 09:59, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * If Tom is infamously know as "Tom the Racist", and no other Tom is known as "the Racist", then the page should be a redirect to Tom's article, not to some article about racism where Thomas Tomsofficialname is linked somewhere in the middle of the text. --Victor falk 12:54, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * That's a big "if": the word "allegations" should have given away the controversy. ←Humus sapiens ну? 19:34, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * It is beside the point whether it's true, false, or allegated. An encyclopedia's goal is to provide information even to the most ignorant person as far as possible. So, we must take the person that has no knowledge whatsoever about what "apartheid wall" might be besides the name. His questions are 1) "what is the apartheid wall?" 2) why is it called so? Note that "it": if you ask a question about it, you imply that you know something about it. --Victor falk 23:16, 26 July 2007 (UTC)

It's quite simple:
 * Articles for deletion/Apartheid wall result was "merge and redirect to Israeli West Bank barrier". Please respect this.
 * WP:REDIRECT recommends the principle of least astonishment. The "Apartheid wall" is the barrier. That the expression happens to involve allegations etc. is secondary.
 * Political epithets, no matter how one-sided, always redirect to their referents, not to pages discussing the context of the epithet.

—Ashley Y 08:38, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Sorry, all of this have been already addressed above. ←Humus sapiens ну? 09:37, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * No, all of this was addressed in the AfD, the result of which was absolutely explicit: "The result of the debate was merge and redirect to Israeli West Bank barrier." If you wish to appeal that result, go through the proper channels.--G-Dett 17:11, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * WP:NOT. ←Humus sapiens ну? 20:12, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Speak, Humus, don't point. What are you trying to say?--G-Dett 20:48, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * to quote myself: "::Pure wikilawyering. It's an offense to common sense.--Victor falk 21:08, 23 July 2007 (UTC)"--Victor falk 21:01, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

If someone types in "apartheid wall", we ought to redirect them to the article about the apartheid wall. —Ashley Y 20:01, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

 * If someone types in "apartheid wall", we ought to redirect them to the article about the allegations of apartheid. ←Humus sapiens ну? 20:12, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Why, to try to educate the reader out of their POV? Why not just give them what they ask for? —Ashley Y 23:49, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

Protected page
I'm making a request for protected page. I'd like to point out that the result of the Afd was  28 Merge, 12 Delete,  12 Redirect, and  2 Strong Keep.--Victor falk 13:28, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

 * What do both sides think about a compromise disambig page that says:

Apartheid wall may refer to: * Allegations of Israeli apartheid * the Israeli West Bank barrier
 * --MattWright (talk) 15:55, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * That's close to where we were before became involved about two weeks ago.  Want to go back to that?  --John Nagle 19:50, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * We're now at "The phrase apartheid wall is used in Allegations of Israeli apartheid to refer to the Israeli West Bank barrier.", per . That probably makes everyone equally unhappy.  Good enough for tonight.  Let's give this thing a rest for a while. Thanks.  --John Nagle 04:16, 26 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes, good enough for now. Though the throwing out of an AfD decision by heavily involved activist-admins is a serious enough issue in its own right.--G-Dett 14:57, 26 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Admin disagreement over protection underway. See end of User talk:EliminatorJR. Now what? --John Nagle 20:18, 26 July 2007 (UTC)

Disambiguation page...
Recently, a couple editors added a bunch of other tags to this article, and then when I tagged it as a disambig, they objected. Since they are new to the edit dispute, I wanted to make sure they understand why I tagged this as a disambig. I understand it is not in the most common format of disambig, but it does seem appropriate in this case. Editors were warring over which of two articles to redirect to, and although I could have placed it in list form, this prose sentence makes a lot more sense and leads directly to the two articles discussing the topic. There should not be additional material added to this article, as it is more appropriate in one of the other two articles, where the statements are also already sourced. Furthermore, this article already had an AfD of which the result was merge & redirect, so consensus does not want a long article here. Hope that explains my reasoning. --MattWright (talk) 14:55, 30 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I agree with the disambig referring to two pages. But I think point form (as above) would be better. The sentence is very awkward prose actually and the list format seems to be the standard at other disambig pages.  T i a m a t  18:15, 30 July 2007 (UTC)
 * The language is a bit awkward. Look back at Gurch, 18:55, 5 July 2007 for some better language that says essentially the same thing.  We're back to where we were a month ago, except that the language is slightly worse.  --John Nagle 05:29, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * The only problem I see there is the stub tag, asking for expansion, when all we really want is a disambig type page. What do you think of list form? I agree the sentence I came up with can be hard to parse. --MattWright (talk) 07:16, 2 August 2007 (UTC)
 * I'd go back to the Gurch version of 5 July, but drop the "stub" tag. The problem with list form is that they're not really alternatives; they're multiple articles on the same subject.  But I don't have strong feelings one way or the other.  I'm inclined not to mess with this much for now.  We're going into an arbitration on this general subject at Requests for arbitration, which may affect this and some other relaed issues. --John Nagle 19:07, 2 August 2007 (UTC)

 * I found this article recently, and was about to add a stub tag, but after reading the discussion here decided not to. However, I did add the 'Orphan' tag; for such a heavily-disputed article, this doesn't have many incoming links, not even from allegations of Israeli apartheid itself! You'd think that if this was a term used in such discussions, that page would actually mention it somewhere... Terraxos 17:27, 22 October 2007 (UTC)

 * This article is actually designed not to produce internal links to it. It was supposed to be a redirect, but due to a lot of dispute, it has morphed into a dual redirect into two topics, with a very small disambig sentence. Article that do discuss this term, which allegations of Israeli apartheid does in several places, link to the appropriate location. is that acceptable to you? Because it took a while to reach that compromise. --MattWright (talk) 17:48, 22 October 2007 (UTC)
 * I thought we settled this via AfD back in 2007, but someone changed it to redirect to a more pro-Israel article again. --John Nagle (talk) 04:35, 23 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Actually, it was re-directed to a more informative article. I'm not sure why you think the 2007 AfD "settled" that it should redirect to "Israeli West Bank barrier", much less why it would rule content today. Jayjg (talk) 23:39, 23 March 2009 (UTC)
 * This needs commentary from other than the usual suspects. The issue is: should Apartheid wall redirect to Israeli West Bank Barrier or Allegations of Israeli Apartheid. --John Nagle (talk) 04:02, 24 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Why do you think the Israel and the apartheid analogy article is more "pro-Israel", and what does that have to do with article content? What do you mean when you say "the usual suspects", and what does that have to do with article content? Jayjg (talk) 22:56, 24 March 2009 (UTC)

Redirect target
As previously mentioned, there might be a problem with the current redirect to specifically one barrier, since the naming itself doesn't imply the the "apartheid wall" is specifically West Bank barrier, but in fact might also refer to other objects, as specified by some editors above. My concern is that the google search results, which tried to justify West Bank barrier as the main target, may primary give blog and other non-RS sources which are clearly POV, and there is very little RS references using this term for West Bank barrier. I think that "Apartheid Wall (West Bank)" should indeed redirect to West Bank barrier, but "Apartheid wall"'s target should be "Apartheid" or "Apartheid allegations".GreyShark (dibra) 06:23, 2 July 2015 (UTC)

 * The most recent discussion on this page is more than six years old. I think a new analysis of the sources is probably appropriate at this point.
 * I would recommend "advertising" this discussion at WP:Israel and WP:Palestine, because I don't think very many people watch this page. — MShabazz Talk/Stalk 11:32, 2 July 2015 (UTC)
 * Apartheid is a term specifically associated with South Africa. The problem with redirecting this to Apartheid, is that article doesn't say anything about separation barriers. The problem with redirecting this to separation barrier is that article doesn't mention South Africa. The term may be used in reference to different walls, such as one in Lebanon, but the weight of usage suggests that the Israeli West Bank barrier is the WP:primary topic for the term. – wbm1058 (talk) 12:18, 14 May 2018 (UTC)
 * I would agree that the West Bank barrier is the primary topic for this term. Every occurrence of this term on English wikipedia appears in the Israeli context.VR talk 17:09, 2 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Apartheid wall


text:
Mission Australia

Mission Australia is a national Christian charity that provides a range of community services throughout Australia. It has its roots in the Brisbane sector of The British and Foreign Bible Society’s sub-committee, The Colporteur Society (1869), and Sydney City Mission (1862), but was only officially established in 1996, bringing together a number of city missions across the country. The organisation specialises in the areas of homelessness and housing, families and children, early learning, youth, employment and skills, substance abuse, disability, mental health, and strengthening communities. Sharon Callister has been CEO since March 2022.

History
Mission Australia traces its origins back to 1869 to the Colporteur Society, later known as Brisbane Town and Country Mission, which operated at a grassroots level to respond to need within the community for food, clothing, and housing. On 11 July 1862, Englishman Benjamin Short established the Sydney City Mission, desiring to address the spiritual and physical needs of the city's inhabitants who were living in poverty. In a public meeting, Short presented his vision for Sydney City Mission: "Christian friends, we have called you together because we desire to submit for your serious consideration the question, ‘Is it not desirable that there be established in Sydney a City Mission, somewhat similar in character to the London City Mission?’ … We feel that something must be done, and that the Christian Churches of Sydney cannot be held guiltless if they neglect to stretch out a helping hand to rescue those who are perishing around them." Short gained the support of many prominent citizens, including the likes of John Fairfax, and clergymen of almost every denomination. The motto "Need, Not Creed" emerged, with those present agreeing that a city as diverse as Sydney required a non-denominational City Mission.

Four missionaries were appointed in 1862 (two men and two women), with their main tasks including home visits, distributing Bibles, persuading alcoholics to turn sober, and encouraging parents to send their children to school and Sunday School.

Melbourne City Mission was founded in 1854, but is not part of Mission Australia.

Adelaide City Mission followed soon after in 1867, with a similar goal of addressing spiritual and physical need among the poor and disadvantaged in the city. For decades these and other missions met immediate needs, giving out food and clothing. As no government welfare or unemployment benefits existed, City Missions saved many families from starvation.

During the recession of 1890 and the Great Depression of the 1930s, many people in need sought help from City Missions. In the mid 20th century, City Missions shifted their collective focus towards finding long-term solutions to disadvantage.

In 1974 Perth City Mission, then known as Jesus People Welfare Services, was founded by Jeffrey J Hopp. In 1989, Mr Hopp resigned as president and CEO of the Jesus People Inc. and established his own company Awards Australia, the charity then went on to become Perth City Mission.

In 1989 Wollongong City Mission and Wagga Wagga City Mission were founded.

In 1991, Hunter Mission was established, building on community service programs provided by Mayfield Baptist Church.

In 1996, Mission Australia officially formed, bringing together Adelaide City Mission, Hunter Mission, Perth City Mission, Sydney City Mission, Wagga Wagga City Mission and Wollongong City Mission. Brisbane City Mission joined soon after in 1998.

In 2000, Mission Australia's Northern Territory and Tasmania state offices opened, followed by Victoria in 2002.

In 2008, Mission Australia Housing was established.

The following lists names of organisations that have merged and amalgamated over time to form Mission Australia:
 * Adelaide City Mission, later known as Mission SA
 * Canberra City Mission
 * Hunter Mission
 * Jesus People Welfare Services, later known as Perth City Mission
 * Mission Australia Group Training and Mission Employment
 * Mission Australia Limited
 * Mission Australia Southern NSW
 * NSW Country Services
 * Sydney City Mission
 * Town and Country Mission, later known as Brisbane City Mission
 * Wagga Wagga City Mission
 * Wollongong City Mission

Description
In 2022–23, Mission Australia employed approximately 2,400 staff and 1,000 volunteers, and supported 149,096 children, young people, adults and elderly people across 463 programs and services. The organisation specialises in the areas of homelessness and housing, families and children, early learning, youth, employment and skills, alcohol and other drugs, disability, mental health, and strengthening communities. Sharon Callister became CEO in March 2022, succeeding James Toomey, who served as CEO from November 2017.

Homelessness and housing
Mission Australia offers specialist support services that enable people to avoid and escape homelessness. It provides crisis and transitional accommodation, as well as social and affordable housing. In 2022–23, Mission Australia assisted 26,240 people through 73 homelessness services.

In 1979, Sydney City Mission launched the Missionbeat homelessness outreach service. Missionbeat vans patrolled the city streets offering support to homeless and intoxicated individuals. The Missionbeat Sydney service continues today, with a primary focus on supporting long-term rough sleepers. Youthbeat services, which offer support to vulnerable young people on the street, operate in Tasmania and Perth, and Mission Australia has plans to launch another mobile outreach service targeting young people in the Northern Territory.

In 2008, Mission Australia established Mission Australia Housing, a Tier 1 community housing provider.

Families and children
Mission Australia provides extensive support for families and children. In 2022–23, Mission Australia assisted 21,079 people through 60 families and children services.

Strengthening communities
Mission Australia provides a network of place-based community development and early intervention and prevention programs tailored to meet the needs of local communities. These programs seek to listen to individuals and equip them to transform their communities. In 2022–23, Mission Australia assisted 20,553 people through 25 community development services.

Employment, education and training
Mission Australia helps people of all ages who have experienced barriers to employment to gain the skills and confidence to find and keep a job. It offers a variety of service models including Disability Employment Services, Transition to Work and ParentsNext. In 2022–23, Mission Australia assisted 19,402 people through 152 employment, education and training services.

Alcohol and other drugs
Mission Australia offers holistic support to people affected by alcohol and drug issues. Programs and services support individuals to overcome dependency, and seek to address the underlying factors that led to their addiction. In 2022–23, Mission Australia assisted 6,021 people though 35 alcohol and other drug services.

Mental health recovery
Mission Australia provides individual, targeted and flexible care for people with mental health issues to help them overcome the challenges they face and achieve their goals. In 2022–23, Mission Australia assisted 3,640 people through 30 mental health recovery services.

NDIS
Mission Australia is an NDIS Partner in the Community in various locations in New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania and Western Australia. It delivers Early Childhood Early Intervention (ECEI) and Local Area Coordination (LAC) services, helping people with disability get the supports they need and supporting their inclusion in their community. In 2022-23, Mission Australia assisted 35,054 people through 18 NDIS services.

Other services
Other areas of Mission Australia's work in addition to those listed above include support for people affected by domestic and family violence, people requiring financial support, and people linked to the justice and corrections system. In 2022–23, Mission Australia supported 9,208 people through 45 family and domestic violence, financial wellbeing, and justice and corrections services.

Research, impact measurement, policy and advocacy
Mission Australia works to influence public policy relating to homelessness and disadvantage and raise awareness and support of key social issues.

Research
Mission Australia undertakes research and produces publications on the key issues affecting its services and the people who access them. Its research findings also contribute to discussions about key and emerging issues with government, in the media, and within the community services sector, academia, business and the community.

Youth Survey
Mission Australia's annual Youth Survey is Australia's largest annual survey of young people of its kind. The 22nd Annual Youth Survey saw 19,500 young people aged 15–19 participate in 2023 and identified the environment, equity and discrimination and economic and financial matters as the three most important issues in Australia today.

Policy and advocacy
Mission Australia seeks to influence policy decisions through submissions and reports that draw on evidence, the expertise of its staff, and the experiences of the people who access its services.

Reconciliation Action Plan
Mission Australia launched its first Reconciliation Action Plan (RAP) in 2009. The RAP is an agreed strategy on how the organisation intends to contribute to reducing the gap in living standards between Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander and non-Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians. Following this, Mission Australia developed a second RAP in 2017. Its third RAP, an Innovate-level RAP for 2022–23, received endorsement from Reconciliation Australia in January 2022.

Funding
Mission Australia is a registered charity with the Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission.

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title: Mission Australia


text:
Talk:Ron Santo

Broadcasting: Charming or Annoying
The section on his broadcasting career doesn't site any sources except one to prove that he is in fact the color man for Cubs Radio. I think all of the stuff about his charming sense of humor should be taken out because in real life, he's totally annoying as an anouncer. Whatever you think of his "sense of humor" it doesn't seem appropriate for an encyclopedia. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.146.85.116 (talk) 22:55, 6 September 2007 (UTC)

 * I agree that his "charming sense of humor" should be removed, even though I completely agree with it -- whether you find Santo "totally annoying" or "charming and lovable" is obviously a matter of taste. He is, however, indisputably very popular among Cubs fans worldwide.  Tempest67 02:05, 14 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Whatever people feel about Ron, annoying or charming, that statement is one, an opinion, and two, unsourced. Two large reasons to get rid of the section.  If you want to talk about his style, i.e. the grumbling and the rambling and the forgetfulness, link to news stories and audiofiles don't just put your opinion in. -  19:56, 23 May 2008 (UTC)

 * Instead of just removing it you could find some references on both sides and add them as quoted citations that some people find him charming and some find him annoying. Have a balanced 50/50, equally weighted, section. Just deleting content, especially from an IP address, without other constructive edits makes you appear to be a vandal and gives you very little credibility with contributors who login and spend countless hours making constructive, quality, edits. ~ WikiDon (talk) 20:12, 23 May 2008 (UTC)

 * As a disinterested person coming across this page cold, I'd offer that the fact that he was an announcer is Encyclopedic. That shouldn't be removed.  If his style truly was unique and he was known for it, then perhaps a mention that he had a unique style (if its really noteworthy) is in order.  What people thought about his style doesn't.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.197.183.28 (talk) 00:28, 4 December 2010 (UTC)

 * As a fan myself, to me he could be both annoying and charming. It's fair to say that his approach was as a Cubs rooter, emotional as much as analytical. He provided a good counterbalance to the straightforward style of his play-by-play companion, Pat Hughes. ←Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? carrots→ 00:35, 4 December 2010 (UTC)

Hall of Fame
Can someone out there cite this sentence from the Hall of Fame section on Ron Santo? The reader can't tell if this is a quote from a baseball authority or not:

Despite his numbers away from the Friendly Confines of Wrigley Field, Santo was a great all-around player and in 1964, was described as "arguably the best active player in baseball".

 * —Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.158.175.146 (talk) 01:12, 1 September 2009 (UTC)

This guy should get into the Hall of Fame - (CFIF 22:20, Jun 7, 2005 (UTC))

 * Hands Down, #10 Ron Santo belongs in the hall of fame. He played the game the right way. I'd be happy to walk my children through the exhibits in Canton and tell them about Ron Santo. - User:192.122.250.250 01:09, 27 June 2006 (UTC)
 * Or maybe Cooperstown. d:) Wahkeenah 01:36, 27 June 2006 (UTC)

 * He might belong in Canton, not sure what he did for football, but he definetly DOES NOT belong in Cooperstown. .277 AVG is nowhere near Hall-Worthy, unless you smack 500-HRs. Lets compare his #'s to someone still playing: Derek Jeter.

 * Santo

 * G AB  H  2B  3B  HR  R  RBI  SB  AVG

 * 2,243 8,143  2,254  365  67  342  1,138  1,331  35  .277

 * Jeter

 * G AB  H  2B  3B  HR  R       RBI  SB  AVG

 * 1,679 6,790  2,150  347  50  183  1,277  860     249     .317

 * For someone with under 500 HR's you need JETER numbers to get in the hall!!! Other than HR's Jeter will have passed Santo in every stat by the time he reaches 15 years. Also, these are Jeter's Post-season stats, sorry Ron another thing keeping him from the Hall is the fact that if he make's it his team would have multiple HOF'rs, but 0 Postseason appearances.

 * Jeter Postseason:

 * G   AB   R   H  2B   3B  HR   RBI    AVG  SB

 * 119 478 85 150  22   3   17    48   .314  16

 * No Hall for Santo, character CAN keep you outta the Hall, but it should NEVER get you in. You must have the #'s and he falls short in HR,HITS,SB, and AVG......... He may get in as an announcer though. (Best in the buisiness) - 19:47, 28 February 2007 (UTC)
 * You're a complete idiot comparing a SS from 95-present to a third basement from the 60s, but, more importantly, this isn't the place for said discussion. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.154.217.13 (talk) 20:40, 23 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Brooks Robinson's batting numbers were even less impressive than Santo's. Santo had a fine career as a hitter, but was primarily one of the top third basemen in the game. Unfortunately, defense is typically ignored in HoF voting. Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? carrots 05:24, 24 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Guys, Wikipedia is not a forum. This type of discussion is against Wiki policy (even for discussion/talk pages).  See here: WP:NOTFORUM JeremyWJ (talk) 07:31, 24 March 2009 (UTC)

It is interesting comparing numbers from an era when "enhanced performance" was not spoken about with a player with a live threatening illness who still was able to be near the top of the lists —Preceding unsigned comment added by 134.67.6.14 (talk) 18:25, 3 December 2010 (UTC)

Mea culpa, I am breaking Wiki rules by writing this signed comment. The unsigned comments above arguing against Santo for HOF are moronic. Yes Jeter is an obvious HOFer, althought his Gold Glove in 2010 was a pathetic joke, at present he is just about the worst fielder among MLB starting shortstops. The Yankees were also pathetic in 2010, as they are every year they do not win the World Series, considering their payroll and the number of cheating juicers (A-Rod, Pettitte, Clemens, Giambi) they have employed. I write all of this just to tweak the simpleton who wrote the moronic unsigned comment above. All of which is irrelevant to Santo.

When Santo was eligible for BBWAA voting for the HOF, there were 7 3Bs in the HOF. Then and now, there were and are fewer 3Bs in the HOF than any other position. By ANY objective measure, Santo was clearly superior to 5 of those 7 3Bs. Bill James (the guru) clearly supports this point. Eventually, 3 more 3Bs (Brett, Schmidt and Boggs) were elected who are superior to Santo. Brooks Robinson was also elected: Santo vs. Robby is a close call. So now, Santo is better than 5 incumbent 3Bs, he is lesser than 5 others, and virtually even with one more. Santo is the 6th or 7th best 3B of all time. This point is almost inarguable once you examine the factual record. And I will leave aside his human qualities.

By any objective measure, he is obviously a worthy HOFer. He was held back at first by historical circumstance, and later by the arrogance and cronyism of many incumbent HOFers on the Veterans Committee. To say he is not worthy of the HOF is to reveal one of (1) good-faith ignorance (just didn't know the facts but wish I had), or (2) intentional ignorance and simple bias ("Tell your statistics to shut up, I just don't like him"). Both are pathetic excuses for a truly unjust decision. Jrgilb (talk) 02:50, 5 December 2010 (UTC)

"Club" stats
As someone who thinks Santo obviously belongs in the HOF, I've removed the silly comparison to Mike Schmidt: yes, they're the only two to have 300 HR and 5 Gold Gloves, but Schmidt's having a batting average 10 points below Santo's "in an era noted for weaker pitching" smells of non-NPOV, given Schmidt's other 5 Gold Gloves, his 200+ homers beyond Santo's, and his never having called the Friendly Confines his home park. (No need to mention Schmidt's 3 MVPs, so I won't. Well, not a lot.)  Santo was far too good a player to require bogus comparisons like the "300-homers-and-5-third-base-gold-gloves-club" stuff. He was the real deal, and doesn't need anybody ragging on Mike Schmidt for him. RogerLustig 03:29, 26 December 2006 (UTC)

 * If Chick Hafey belongs in the Hall, Ronnie certainly does. You're right that comparing Schmidt with Santo is silly. It's like comparing Ty Cobb with... well, Chick Hafey. Wahkeenah 03:52, 26 December 2006 (UTC)

Retired Numbers
Ryne Sandberg has also had his number retired by the Cubs, but this article does not mention that. Only that three previous players have had said honor. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 65.197.19.242 (talk) 19:55, 26 April 2007 (UTC).
 * It is mentioned in the sidebar under the awards section. Its the last one. JeremyWJ (talk) 03:37, 24 March 2009 (UTC)
 * This is an article about Ron Santo. Ryne Sandberg's career is not relevant to the subject of the article.Orsoni (talk) 13:37, 30 October 2009 (UTC)

Neutrality
I removed a couple of blatant POV statements from the article already. There are probably more. - Burpelson AFB ✈ 17:38, 3 December 2010 (UTC)
 * More like "editorial comments". His last year, with the White Sox, was not fun - but he was pretty much done by then anyway. ←Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? carrots→ 21:30, 3 December 2010 (UTC)

 * I don't know. Santo was a pretty honest/blunt guy.  He might have been the first too admit he didn't like his stay on the south side.  Anyway, are there any other remaining POV issues you can identify?  A Quest For Knowledge (talk) 22:31, 3 December 2010 (UTC)

 * The article certainly isn't clean, but I don't see any neutrality issues. Barring any other identifications of neutrality, I move we remove the neutrality tag.122.172.157.161 (talk) 16:41, 6 December 2010 (UTC)

 * I say zap it. If the OP can find any more, he could reinstate the tag, or better yet simply neutralize the problems as he did with the ones he found initially. ←Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? carrots→ 19:13, 6 December 2010 (UTC)

 * Ibid. Done. Wikiuser100 (talk) 12:12, 11 December 2010 (UTC)

2nd or 3rd?
Is this a reliable source? ←Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? carrots→ 18:06, 26 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Yes, Daily Herald (Arlington Heights) meets our standards for reliability. I think this edit is fine except I would put a hidden comment by the deathdate to explain the discrepancy.  Otherwise, we'll have lot of well-meaning editors constantly changing the date base to the 2nd.  A Quest For Knowledge (talk) 19:00, 26 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Citations are usually discouraged in the summary paragraph, but when there are issues about a particular fact, such as a birth or death date, there is often a footnote included to try to fend off edit skirmishes. In this case, maybe a footnote to the section about the death, with a short explanation stating simply that he died at 12:40 on the 3rd, and that "many" media outlets either labeled it the 2nd or said "Thursday night" or "overnight", the latter both being true but ambiguous. ←Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? carrots→ 19:48, 26 December 2010 (UTC)
 * I made the change. Feel free to improve upon it. :) ←Baseball Bugs What's up, Doc? carrots→ 20:18, 26 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Also questionable is using a blog as a source for the last sentence in the introductory paragraph. The same sentence uses a weasel word in claiming that "He is widely regarded today as one of the best ballplayers not to have been admitted to the Hall."Orsoni (talk) 09:45, 20 February 2011 (UTC)

"Post retirement"
This section header implies there was something AFTER retirement; more correctly, "In retirement" he did such & such.

& BTW, someone w/ more recent knowledge than I could give us the particulars, but "post retirement" Santo was a businessman; which is why he was almost 20 years in retirement before he became a broadcaster. In fact, he was still playing when he became a businessman.

The Chicago press, I remember (as a teen Cub fan in the 'burbs during the 60s), gave a good of space to Santo's business ventures: that any athlete could possibly have interests out of uniform was novel. Santo's "The Pro's Pizza" was sold by the slice @Wrigley for some years before Santo retired & was advertised on local Chi. TV (@least on WGN). BubbleDine (talk) 12:55, 8 December 2011 (UTC)

Golden Era Committee (not "Veterans Committee") elected Ron Santo to HOF
(Golden Era, 1947 to 1972) Golden Era Committee: Article HOF site Reference #39, Retrieved December 2011: elected Santo to HOF on Dec. 5, 2011. There is no longer a "Veterans Committee" since the beginning of 2011.[[[User:YahwehSaves|YahwehSaves]] (talk) 06:07, 19 June 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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Date of death
I think there is some confusion regarding Santo's death date. Check out the Daily Herald reference right after the death date in the body of the article. That article provides convincing evidence that he died on 12/3/10 (namely, that his immediate family members saw him alive at 12:30 AM on the 3rd). I know that a lot of sources characterize his death as occurring on 12/2, but I think the source addresses the issue well enough that we shouldn't perpetuate the mistake. Maybe we can add an explanatory footnote to the dates in the lead and/or infobox so that no one gets too confused. Thoughts? EricEnfermero (Talk) 18:55, 12 July 2016 (UTC)

Santo + Arizona= Latino?
Wiki lists his nationality on google search as "American"..well,we all are. Born in Arizona with a Hispanic surname. So,what was he? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2601:642:4100:17A5:40AE:1F73:64E6:AD1 (talk) 17:51, 2 September 2016 (UTC)

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== Article says that he is "second to Matthews" with .464 slugging average. Even if we only consider those third basemen that played over 2,000 games, there are 9 (including Matthews) that have a higher career slugging average than Santo. ==

https://www.baseball-reference.com/leaders/jaws_3B.shtml — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2600:1702:1600:1830:8C5:5D60:8E72:7E08 (talk) 17:21, 21 October 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ron Santo


text:
Dermatographic urticaria

Dermatographic urticaria is a skin disorder and one of the most common types of urticaria, affecting 2–5% of the population.

Signs and symptoms
The condition manifests as an allergic-like reaction, causing a warm red wheal to appear on the skin. As it is often the result of scratches, involving contact with other materials, it can be confused with an allergic reaction, when in fact it is the act of being scratched that causes a wheal to appear. These wheals are a subset of urticaria (hives), and appear within minutes, in some cases accompanied by itching. The first outbreak of urticaria can lead to other reactions on body parts not directly stimulated, scraped, or scratched.

In a normal case, the swelling will decrease without treatment within 15–30 minutes, but, in extreme cases, itchy red welts may last anywhere from a few hours to days. In some cases, welts are accompanied with a painful burning sensation. This calls for more urgent treatment as the condition can impact on the patient's quality of life.

Causes
Symptoms are thought to be the result of histamine being released by mast cells on the surface of the skin. Despite the lack of antigens, histamine causes the skin to swell in affected areas. If the membrane that surrounds the mast cells is too weak it will easily and rapidly break down under physical pressure, which then causes an allergic-like reaction.

Symptoms can be caused or induced by:

 * stress
 * tight or abrasive clothing
 * watches
 * glasses
 * heat
 * cold
 * pressure on exposed skin
 * infection
 * diet
 * air currents : air flow moving hairs on skin surface

The underlying cause of dermatographism is not known, and it can last for many years without relief. The condition may subside and be effectively cured; however, it is often a lifelong ailment. It is not a life-threatening disease, and it is not contagious.

Dermatographism may occur in mastocytosis (systemic mast cell proliferation).

Diagnosis
This condition is diagnosed by a health care provider drawing a tongue depressor or other implement across the patient's skin to see whether a red wheal appears soon afterwards.

Treatment
Dermographism can be treated by substances which prevent histamine from causing the reaction (i.e. an antihistamine). These may need to be given as a combination of H1 antagonists, or possibly with an H2-receptor antagonist such as cimetidine.

Over-the-counter vitamin C, 1000 mg daily, increases histamine degradation and removal.

Refraining from taking hot baths or showers may help if the condition is generalized (i.e. all over), as well as possibly for localized cases (i.e. in a specific area). If taking hot showers helps, it may be a condition called shower eczema. If it affects mainly the head, it may be psoriasis. In rare cases, allergy tests may uncover substances the patient is allergic to.

While cromoglycate, which prevents histamine from being released from mast cells, is used topically in rhinitis and asthma, it is not effective orally for treating chronic urticaria.

title: Dermatographic urticaria


text:
Anthony Hurd, Baron Hurd

Anthony Richard Hurd, Baron Hurd (2 May 1901 – 12 February 1966) was a British politician and former Conservative Member of Parliament for Newbury.

Early life and parliamentary career
Hurd was educated at Marlborough College and Pembroke College, Cambridge, where he was a contemporary of Rab Butler. He was first elected to the Newbury constituency in the 1945 general election and won each successive election in Newbury until standing down before the 1964 general election. He was knighted for his political service in 1959.

Life peerage
On 24 August 1964 he was created a Life Peer as Baron Hurd, of Newbury in the Royal County of Berks which entitled him to a seat in the House of Lords. He died just two years later at the age of 64.

Family
His father, Sir Percy Hurd, was MP for Devizes, his brother was Robert Hurd (architect); his son, Douglas now Lord Hurd of Westwell, was MP for Mid-Oxfordshire and former Foreign Secretary. His grandson, Nick Hurd was MP for Ruislip Northwood and Pinner from 2005 to 2019.

Personal life
Hurd married on 26 September 1928 Stephanie Frances Corner daughter of Edred Moss Corner who was invested as a Fellow, Royal College of Surgeons (F.R.C.S.) and they had three children.

 * Douglas Richard Hurd, Baron Hurd of Westwell CH CBE PC (1930-)
 * British Conservative politician who served in the governments of Margaret Thatcher and John Major from 1979 to 1995.

 * John Julian Hurd (1932-1951)
 * Honourable Stephen Anthony Hurd (1933-2019)

title: Anthony Hurd, Baron Hurd


text:
Katalin Szili

Katalin Szili (born 13 May 1956) is a Hungarian politician and jurist, a former Member of the National Assembly, who served as Speaker of the National Assembly from 2002 to 2009.

Following an administrative career in the Hungarian People's Republic, she was a long-time member of the left-wing Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP). She was Member of Parliament (MP) from 1994 to 2014, and was considered a leading politician of her party for a decade. After the 2014 election, she gradually became a proponent of the right-wing Fidesz government, voicing nationalist and anti-immigrant slogans.

Early life
Katalin Szili was born into a family of bourgeois origin on 13 May 1956 in Barcs, Somogy County. Her maternal grandparents were ethnic Austrians. The family lost all their property during World War II, and her grandfather was killed in the Battle of Budapest in February 1945. Her father György Szili (1935–1987) worked as a commercial lecturer and her mother Anna Barakonyi (b. 1937) as an accountant. At the age of twelve, Katalin Szili lost her left hand as a result of an accident, when a grenade exploded in her hand. For this reason she wears shawls to cover her hands or pockets it in public. On ceremonial occasions, she usually wears an artificial hand that matches the color of her skin.

She attended elementary school in Barcs and Pécs. She finished her secondary studies at the Nagy Lajos Secondary Grammar School of Pécs in 1974. She obtained a doctorate in law at the Janus Pannonius University in 1981. She passed the bar examination in 1985. She graduated from the Department of Human Ecology of the Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE) between 1990 and 1992, and also earned a degree in political science in Pécs in 2001. She married architect Miklós Molnár in 1977. They raised the two children of a couple of friends who died in a car accident and have no children of their own.

Professional career
After graduating, she was responsible for guardianship at the local council of Pécs, and she was the head of a local guardianship authority from 1984 to 1985. Thereafter, she joined the South Transdanubian Water Directorate in 1985, first as a legal adviser and then as the head of an official department. After the transition to democracy, she was the head of the Environment and Water Directorate and then of the Environmental Inspectorate until 1992. She became a member of the leadership of the Hungarian Society of Human Ecologists in 1992.

In 2003 she was elected the social president of the women's basketball department of the Pécsi VSK, she held the position until 2005. She became an honorary associate professor at the University of Pécs in 2008.

MSZP
Szili joined the Hungarian Socialist Workers' Party (MSZMP) in 1983. She became a founding member of its legal successor, the Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP) on 15 November 1989, and participated in the establishment of its local branch in Pécs. She ran as a candidate in the 1990 parliamentary election in Pécs (Constituency II, Baranya County), and finished third in the second round, while András Pap (MDF) obtained the mandate. She was elected to the municipal assembly of Pécs during a by-election in 1992.

She was also nominated individual candidate in Pécs (Constituency II), but her name also appeared at the first place on the regional county list of MSZP during the 1994 parliamentary election. She obtained the mandate in the constituency, defeating Tibor Németh (SZDSZ) and András Pap (MDF). After Gyula Horn formed his MSZP–SZDSZ coalition government, she served as the secretary of state for political affairs in the Ministry of Environment and Regional Development (under minister Ferenc Baja) from 15 July 1994 to 7 July 1998. At that time she was also a member of the Council of the National Technical Development Committee (OMFB). She was elected chairperson of the local branch of her party in Pécs in 1997. A year later, she became president of the party's national women section.

Szili was re-elected MP for Pécs (Constituency II) in the 1998, 2002 and 2006 parliamentary elections. She served as Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly between 1998 and 2002. Following the 2002 parliamentary election, Szili was elected Speaker of the National Assembly, becoming the second woman, who held the office. She was re-elected as Speaker in 2006.

She was the candidate of the Hungarian Socialist Party for presidency in the 2005 Hungarian presidential election. Szili lost the election on 7 June 2005 to opposition nominee László Sólyom. The Hungarian Constitution prescribes that the President must be elected by the National Assembly of Hungary, thus the victory of the opposition came as something of a surprise. The junior coalition party, the Alliance of Free Democrats (SZDSZ), however, had long emphasized that it would not vote for a partisan President. Szili as a high-ranking member of the Socialist party was considered partisan, the SZDSZ abstained, enabling the more neutral candidate Sólyom (who was originally nominated by a non-governmental organization Védegylet and later supported by the opposition), to win the office. Another reason for the failed nomination was that SZDSZ was not consulted ahead of time and Szili lacked qualifications compared to Sólyom who previously held high office as the president of the Constitutional Court of Hungary.

In 2009 Szili was the mayoral candidate of MSZP for the mayor of a major Hungarian city, Pécs. She lost the election to Zsolt Páva. She came to be considered inner opposition inside the MSZP since 2009 (some considered she had prominent role in the leakage of the Őszöd speech three years earlier). In 2009 Szili resigned from her position as speaker of Parliament, She was succeeded by Béla Katona of MSZP. She formed the Movement of Alliance for the Future in 2010 and had her own candidates in some areas in the 2010 Hungarian parliamentary election. Szili was elected to the Parliament of Hungary via the Baranya County Party list where she was chairperson of the local MSZP branch.

Independent MP
After the 2010 local elections, held on 3 October, she founded the Social Union (SZU) and became its first chairperson. As a result, she quit the Hungarian Socialist Party and their parliamentary group, continuing her parliamentary work as a formally independent MP. However, as an elected parliamentarian she filled a four-year term ending in 2014. Thus the new party Social Union instantly had some representation in Parliament, which is usually not possible for parties having won less than 5% of votes.

In 2011 Szili became a member of the Nemzeti Konzultációs Testület (National Consultative body) preparing the new constitution. Later, she presented her own proposal. Szili was appointed Chairperson of the Committee on Sustainable Development on 25 February 2013.

On 17 October 2013, Szili and her party, the Social Union (SZU), entered into an alliance with 11 other parties and civil groups (including Centre Party) and established Community for Social Justice People's Party (KTI). Her new party did not reach the 5% threshold contrary in the 2014 parliamentary election, as a result she lost her parliamentary seat after 20 years.

Supporter of Viktor Orbán

Following the 2014 national election, Szili gradually switched to Fidesz, and became a vocational supporter of Prime Minister Viktor Orbán, who retained his two-third majority in the Hungarian parliament. Upon the request of Deputy Prime Minister Zsolt Semjén, she was appointed Prime Ministerial Commissioner on 1 March 2015. Her task covers "coordination tasks related to the aspirations of autonomy in the Carpathian Basin and the concepts of autonomy of social, political and non-governmental organizations, in cooperation with the State Secretariat for National Policy of the Prime Minister's Office, and liaison with European Union and international organizations."

She voted "no" in the 2016 migrant quota referendum, because she "supports the long-term protection of the entire European Judeo-Christian cultural community". In a 2017 interview, she denied allegations that she had negotiated with Fidesz, betrayed the left, or that she would be a socialist "decorative finch" for Fidesz, stating she was doing important work for the nation, not a member of the MSZP since 2010, and she is criticized by those who have a "bad conscience" in national affairs (regarding the 2004 dual citizenship referendum). She explained the failures of her later small parties (SZU, KTI) by a lack of financial means. Szili actively campaigned for Fidesz during the 2018 parliamentary election. Szili stated just before the 2019 European Parliament election that the election will be a "struggle between supporters and opponents of migration", quoting the words of Viktor Orbán.

In order to remain a member of the board of trustees of the University of Pécs, she resigned as Prime Ministerial Commissioner in February 2023. However, soon, she was appointed chief advisor to the Prime Minister Viktor Orbán, which raised the issue of evasion of conflict of interest legislation. She joined the Christian Democratic People's Party (KDNP), the coalition partner of the ruling Fidesz, on 31 March 2023.

title: Katalin Szili


text:
Patrick McClure

Patrick Joseph McClure, AO (born 18 March 1949) advises governments on welfare reform, social policy, charity regulation and impact investment. He is a company director and a former chief executive officer of Mission Australia and the Society of Saint Vincent de Paul (NSW/ACT).

Education and early career
McClure was born in Auckland, New Zealand and migrated with his family to Australia at age 14 years. He commenced his secondary education at St Peter's College, Auckland and completed it at Waverley College, Sydney. In 1968, he joined the Franciscans (Order of Friars Minor), was ordained a priest in 1975 and resigned from the ministry in 1977. He then pursued a career in the social purpose sector.

He was a director of Amnesty International (1978–1988), working with refugees and coordinating global campaigns against human rights abuses.

He was founder and chair of Second Harvest (Australia), a social enterprise providing low cost food to people on low income (1978–1989), and awarded a Churchill Fellowship (1989) to study social enterprises in the US, Canada and the UK.

He worked as director of Migrant Services and area manager, Social Work, in the Department of Social Security (now the Department of Social Services) in Perth and Sydney (1985–1991).

McClure has a Master of Arts (Public Policy) from Murdoch University, WA (1987–1991), and a Bachelor of Social Work (Distinction) from Curtin University, WA (1978–1981). He also has a Diploma in Theological and Pastoral Studies from Yarra Theological Union, Vic (1975). He is a Graduate Member of the Australian Institute of Company Directors (GAICD) (2005).

Career
Chief Executive Officer, Society of St Vincent de Paul (NSW/ACT) (1992–1996)

McClure was CEO of the Society of St Vincent de Paul (NSW/ACT) during a period of major organisation reform. The Society had a budget of $375m, providing housing, youth, family services and social assistance to over 500,000 disadvantaged people each year. During his tenure, he was also a member of the NSW Government Drought Assistance Committee, which distributed $80 million in drought assistance to rural households across NSW in 1995–1996.

Chief Executive Officer, Mission Australia (1997–2006)

During McClure's tenure as CEO of Mission Australia, the organisation grew from separate state-based entities with annual revenue of $50m, to a national organisation with annual revenue exceeding $300m and 3000 staff providing employment, training, housing and other services to over 200,000 disadvantaged youth, adults, families and children.

The organisation became a major provider of employment services in the privatised Job Network. Mission Australia was also awarded the Prime Minister's Community Business Partnership Award in 2001.

Mission Australia acquired a one-third shareholding in Working Links, a UK employment company, in 2005. In the same year, the organisation opened the Mission Australia Centre in Surry Hills, Sydney, providing integrated services for homeless people.

Chair, Reference Group on Welfare Reform (1999–2000)

McClure was appointed chair of the Australian government's Reference Group on Welfare Reform (1999-2000). The final report, "Participation Support for a More Equitable Society" (known as the McClure Report) outlined a blueprint for welfare reform. In the 2001 Federal Budget, the Australian Government committed $1.7 billion over four years to implement recommendations of the report called Australians Working Together.

Chief Executive Officer, Macquarie Capital Retirement Villages Group (2006–2008)

McClure was CEO of Macquarie Capital RVG, which raised $850m of institutional funds for investment in retirement villages in Australia and New Zealand.

Ethics Fellow, Centre for Social Impact, UNSW (2008–2010)

McClure was appointed Ethics Fellow at the Centre for Social Impact, University of New South Wales. Through workshops, conferences and articles, McClure presented applied ethics and an ethical decision-making framework for Third Sector organisations.

Chair, Reference Group on Welfare Reform (2013–2015)

In December 2013, Minister for Social Services Kevin Andrews announced that McClure would chair a Reference Group on Welfare Reform. An interim report was released on 29 June 2014, followed by roundtables with 175 key stakeholders in all states and territories, consultations with 55 people on income support, 271 formal submissions and 231 online comments.

The final report titled "A New System for Better Employment and Social Outcomes" was launched in Canberra on 23 February 2015 by Patrick McClure and the Minister for Social Services Scott Morrison. It proposed an integrated approach across four pillars of reform with an employment focus: a simpler and more sustainable income support system, building individual and family capacity, engaging employers, and building community capacity.

Key recommendations included: reducing the current complex and inefficient system of 20 payments and 55 supplements to five payments and four categories of supplements; a passport to work, enabling people to move easily between employment and the income support system; a new ICT system to drive efficiencies in the new income support system; an investment approach with early intervention services focusing on groups most at risk of long term welfare dependence; a jobs plan for people with disabilities and mental health conditions; and the use of social impact bonds to attract private investment to address social problems.

Since the 2015 budget, the Australian government has allocated funds for a new ICT system, a prerequisite for introducing a simpler income support system; the Priority Investment Approach contracting PwC to complete annual actuarial valuations of groups at risk of lifetime welfare dependence; allocations to organisations from the $100m Try, Test and Learn Fund; simplification of child and youth payments; support for social impact investment in affordable housing; and a new JobSeeker Payment to replace or consolidate seven existing payments.

Chair, Oak Tree Retirement Villages Group (2018–2022)

The Oak Tree Group specialises in providing affordable, stylish and secure retirement living communities across Australia.

Chair, Review Panel, Australian Charities and Not-for-Profits Commission Legislation (2017–2018)

In 2017, Assistant Minister to the Treasurer Michael Sukkar announced that McClure would chair a review of the ACNC Legislation. The final report, "Strengthening for Purpose: Australian Charities and Not-for-Profits Legislation Commission Review 2018", made 30 recommendations relating to functions, powers, governance, basic religious charities, secrecy, advocacy, criminal misconduct, harmonisation of fundraising, one-stop-shop, and a national scheme for charities. The Australian Government response in March 2020 implemented 19 of the recommendations.

Current and recent roles

He is a member of the NSW Treasury, Office of Social Impact Investment Expert Advisory Group.

He is chair of the Waverley College Advisory Council.

He was an adjunct professor of the Australian Catholic University (ACU).

He is an associate of The Brown Collective.

He is a selector for Community Services of the Churchill Trust (NSW).

He was a director of the Kincare Group (2013–2018).

Government boards

 * Delegate to the Australian Government's Australia 2020 Summit (2008)
 * Commissioner of the Australian Fair Pay Commission (2006–2009)
 * Member of the Prime Minister's Community Business Partnership Board (1998–2007)
 * Chair of the OECD Local Employment and Economic Development Forum on Social Innovation (2004–2006)
 * Deputy Chair of the Welfare to Work Consultative Forum (2005–2006)
 * Member of the Board for A New Tax System (1999–2000)

Honours

 * Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) for "services to the community through the development of social capital policy initiatives, and in the delivery of programs addressing social justice, welfare support, health and employment generation issues" (2003)
 * Australian Centenary of Federation Medal for "service to the community" (2001)
 * Distinguished Alumni Award, Murdoch University, WA for significant contribution to his profession and the community (2016)
 * Australian Financial Review True Leader (2005)
 * Equity Trustees EQT CEO Award for Lifetime Achievement recognising "leadership excellence in the non-profit sector" (2002)
 * Churchill Fellow, 1989

title: Patrick McClure


text:
Falconer (album)

Falconer is the debut album by Swedish power metal band Falconer. In 2017, Loudwire ranked it as the 14th-best power metal album of all time.

Track listing
All songs written by Stefan Weinerhall.

Credits

 * Mathias Blad – vocals, keyboards
 * Stefan Weinerhall – guitars, bass
 * Karsten Larsson – drums
 * Ulrika Olausson – guest vocals on "Töres döttrar i Wänge"

title: Falconer (album)


text:
Kōji Kikkawa

Kōji Kikkawa (吉川 晃司) is a Japanese singer, musician and actor. His most recent album is 2022's ''Over the Nine. ''

Kōji was born in Hiroshima and his music career began on February 1, 1984, with "Monica" (later remade in Cantonese sung by Leslie Cheung) and he won eight music awards in the same year. After taking a short break in 1988, he came back as a lead singer in the band Complex with Tomoyasu Hotei (former guitarist of Boøwy) and "Be My Baby" was released. Complex remained as one of the most popular bands in Japan until 1990, when it was announced that Complex had disbanded.

After "Complex", Kōji released series of hit singles such as "Setsunasa O Korosenai", "Kiss Ni Utarete Nemuritai" and "Boy's Life". Kōji completed a "20th Anniversary Tour" at Budokan on February 1, 2005.

In 2006 he recorded "One World," the theme for the 2006 motion picture Kamen Rider Kabuto: God Speed Love. More recently, he had teamed up with popular Japanese DJ TWINS to release a single "Juicy Jungle". Also, DJ TWINS had released an album with remixes of several of Kōji's previous hits.

With this new sound-disco revisit, Kōji redefined himself like he does year after year. Throughout all his career, it could be considered that Kōji had outgrown from an idol to an artiste that explore the music boundary. He writes his own songs, produced and arranged his own albums and also played most of the instruments in it. He had just released a remix album of his old hits-titled-DISCO K2. In April 2007, a new single "BABY JANE" was released.

In 2011, Kōji and Tomoyasu Hotei reunited as Complex for two concerts at the Tokyo Dome to benefit victims of the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami. The duo had not performed together as Complex for almost 21 years.

In 2024, 13 years later, Kikkawa and Hotei reunited again for another Complex benefit concert at the Tokyo Dome, this time to benefit the victims of the 2024 Noto earthquake.

He portrays Sokichi Narumi/Kamen Rider Skull for the Kamen Rider W franchise, and sung "Nobody's Perfect," Skull's theme.

title: Kōji Kikkawa


text:
Pessinus

Pessinus (Πεσσινούς or Πισσινούς) was an Ancient city and archbishopric in Asia Minor, a geographical area roughly covering modern Anatolia (Asian Turkey). The site of the city is now the modern Turkish village of Ballıhisar, in a tributary valley of the Sakarya River on the high Anatolian plateau at 950 m above sea level, 13 km from the small town of Sivrihisar. Pessinus remains a Catholic (formerly double) titular see.

The temple area
As yet, the temple area, which was excavated between 1967 and 1972, is the only well-studied area of Pessinus. It was studied thoroughly by M. Waelkens (current director of Sagalassos excavations) in the 1980s and between 2006 and 2012 by Verlinde (Ghent University), who built on the findings of the former to analyze and reconstruct the architecture of the Corinthian peripteral temple, of which only the massive foundations remain. Investigations led to several observations, such as the Tiberian date (25-35 AD) of the cult building and its identification as a temple of the imperial cult (Sebasteion). As such, it was finally established that the excavated temple could not be identified as the Temple of Cybele, as explorer Charles Texier had done when he 'discovered' the foundations of the temple in 1834. Verlinde discovered that the building was designed on the basis of a grid, and that the governing module, determining the intervals and height of the columns, was equal to the lower diameter of the columns (0.76 m). Each intercolumnar space was equal to two modules (1.52 m), which designates the temple as a 'systyle.'

Furthermore, the extraordinarily large stepped podium seems to have been influenced by Hellenistic and early Imperial pseudodipteroi. Although the temple was Tiberian, the decorative sculpture was fashioned in a conservative Augustan manner, which suggests that the building may have been design in the late Augustan period (ca. 15 AD). The temple towered over the back of a theatre, which combined a central staircase with two cavea wings for spectators. It was claimed by Verlinde that this theatrical area was ritual and used for gladiatorial fights, as the theatre contained raised seats with a protective parapet, which was typical for gladiatorial theatres in the Greek east. Given that such gladiatorial combat was as a rule intertwined with the imperial cult, Verlinde argued that the epigraphically attested cult of the emperor, was once again confirmed. He also observed that there is a consistency of such theatre-temples, which were influenced by late Republican sanctuaries in Italy (e.g. the sanctuary of Hercules Victor at Tivoli), being associated with the imperial cult. The sanctuary of Augustus at Stratonicea, which was a theatre-temple as well, may have served as a model for the sanctuary in Pessinus.

The colonnaded square
The colonnaded square in front of the stairway-theatre was thought to have been part of the imperial complex. However, this was rejected by Verlinde who dated the complex to the late 2nd century BC. The architecture of the limestone complex (covered with stucco lustro) emanates the style of Hellenistic palaestrae such as the Gymnasion of Eudemos at Miletus (late 3rd century BC). Being quite similar to the latter complex, the Pessinuntian square was reconstructed by Verlinde as a 'quadriporticus' with a Rhodian peristyle, that is with a high (Ionic) colonnade to the north, and three lower wings with Doric columns. The quadriporticus was an annex of the Hellenistic citadel on the promontory to the east, which preceded the early imperial temple.

The combination of a Hellenistic palace and a gymnasium (school) was a typical phenomenon of the Greek world during the Hellenistic age. Carbondating and ceramological analysis indicates that the palaestra (sports gym) was destroyed by a fire during the late Hellenistic age, suggesting that the colonnaded square as a functional entity was short-lived. After the quadriporticus was destroyed, it was not rebuilt during the early Roman period, as the area may have been used as an unpaved arena for the gladiatorial fights of the temple. In the 3rd century AD, the area was monumentalized with a new ellipse-shaped theatre and a vast marble square with a monumental funerary crypt (a funerary Heroon). This coincided with the further monumentalization of the cardo maximus, which received monumental city gates in the form of arches at its southern and northern extremity.

Origins
The mythological King Midas (738-696 BC?) is said to have ruled a greater Phrygian realm from Pessinus, but archaeological research since 1967 showed that the city developed around 400 BC at the earliest, which contradicts any historical claim of early Phrygian roots.

According to ancient tradition, Pessinus was the principal cult centre of the goddess Cybele, the Phrygian Meter ("Mother"). Tradition situates the cult of Cybele in the early Phrygian period (8th century BC) and associates the erection of her first "costly" temple and even the founding of the city with king Midas (738-696 BC?). However, the Phrygian past of Pessinus is still obscure, both historically as archaeologically. For example, the geographer Strabo (12.5.3) writes that the priests were potentates in "ancient times", but it is unclear whether Pessinus was already a temple state ruled by dynastai ("lords") in the Phrygian period.

Hellenistic period
By the 3rd century BC at the latest, Pessinus had become a temple state ruled by a clerical oligarchy consisting of Galloi, eunuch priests of the Mother Goddess. After the arrival of Celtic tribes in Asia Minor in 278/277 BC, and their defeat at the hand of Antiochus I during the so-called 'Battle of the Elephants' (likely 268 BC), the Celts settled in the north-central region of Anatolia which became known as Galatia. The tribe of the Tolistobogii occupied the Phrygian territory between Gordium and Pessinus. It is doubtful that the temple state actually stood under Galatian control at this early stage. According to Cicero (Har. Resp. 8.28) the Seleucid kings held deep devotion for the shrine.

Roman involvement in Pessinus however has early roots. In 205/204 BC, alarmed by a number of meteor showers during the ongoing Second Punic War, the Romans, after consulting the Sibylline Books, decided to introduce the cult of the Great Mother of Ida (Magna Mater Idaea, also known as Cybele) to the city. They sought the aid of their ally Attalus I (241-197 BC), and following his instructions, they went to Pessinus and removed the goddess' most important image, a large black stone that was said to have fallen from the sky, to Rome (Livy 10.4-11.18).

Pergamum seems to have gained some control over Pessinus by the end of the third century BC. Pessinus was bequeathed a sanctuary by the Attalid kings, perhaps after 183 BC, when Galatia was subject to Pergamene rule.

The first century BC was a very unstable period for Pessinus with many rulers reigning over central Anatolia. According to Strabo (12.5.3) the priests gradually lost their privileges. The Mithridatic Wars (89-85 BC; 83-81 BC; 73-63 BC) caused political and economic turmoil throughout the region. When Deiotaros, tetrarch of the Tolistobogii and loyal vassal of Rome, became king of Galatia in 67/66 BC or 63 BC, Pessinus lost its status as an independent sacred principality.

Imperial period
In 36 BC, rule over Galatia was transferred to king Amyntas by Mark Antony. At the death of the monarch, under Emperor Augustus the kingdom of the Galatians was annexed by the Roman Empire as the province of Galatia. Pessinus became the administrative capital of the Galatian tribe of the Tolistobogii and soon developed into a genuinely Graeco-Roman polis with a large number of monumental buildings, such as a colonnaded street and a Temple of the Imperial Cult.

The priest list on the left hand anta of the temple of Augustus and Roma in Ankara reveals that by the end of Tiberius' principate two citizens of Pessinus held the chief priesthood of the provincial imperial cult in Ancyra: M. Lollius in AD 31/32 and Q. Gallius Pulcher in AD 35/36. Strabo called Pessinus an 'emporion,' a trading centre, the largest west of the Halys river. It may be assumed that products from the Anatolian highlands were traded, especially grain and wool. A stamped handle of a wine amphora from Thasos, probably dating from the first quarter of the 3rd century BC, is proof of this trade and is at the same time the earliest written document discovered at Pessinus.

Very soon after 25 BC the urbanization and transformation of the Pessinuntian temple state into a Greek polis began. Constructions such as a Corinthian temple and a colonnaded street (cardo maximus) were erected with the marble from the quarries located at İstiklalbağı, ca. 6 km north of the city. The boundaries of Pessinus must have been fixed, as were those of the newly founded colony of Germakoloneia (near Babadat), which received part of the area inhabited by the Tolistobogioi. It has been argued that Pessinus and the other Galatian cities received a constitution based on that of the cities in Pontus-Bithynia, imposed by the lex Pompeia. From the inscriptions it appears that Pessinus possessed several public buildings, including a gymnasium, a theatre, an archive, and baths. A system of water supply has been discovered through gutters and terracotta pipes. The most impressive public construction of the early Imperial period was the canalisation system, the earliest part of which dates from the Augustan age. It was meant to retain and carry away the waters of the Gallos, the seasonal river which traverses Pessinus and which was the main north-south artery (cardo maximus) of the city. From the 1st to the 3rd century AD the canal was continuously expanded until it finally reached a length of ca. 500 m and a width of 11 to 13 m. It is not known when exactly the large theatre, of which is preserved only the emplacement of the cavea where the spectators were seated, was constructed, but it was repaired or embellished by Hadrian. Other monumental buildings, erected under the reign of Tiberius, included the marble peripteros temple of the provincial Imperial cult, a Sebasteion, on a hill at the north-western end of the canal, a stairway combined with a theatre in front (with an orchestra where religious and other performances such as gladiator fights took place). The colonnaded square lower down the valley was reconstructed by Verlinde. In the past, this structure was wrongly situated in the Tiberian era, but it was shown that it was a monument of the Hellenistic age (late 2nd-early 1st century BC), and contemporary with the citadel that preceded the temple complex.

Late Antiquity
Christianity reached the area in the 3rd century, and at the end of the 4th century, the temple of Augustus was decommissioned. Perhaps as a sign of the rise of Christianity in Pessinus, Emperor Julian the Apostate made a pilgrimage to Pessinus and wrote an angry letter concerning the disrespect shown to the sanctuary of Cybele. In ca. 398, Pessinus was established as the capital of the newly established province of Galatia Salutaris (in the civil Diocese of Pontus), and became the seat of a Metropolitan Archbishop. The region later became part of the Byzantine Anatolic Theme.

In late 715 AD, the city of Pessinus was destroyed by an Arab raid, along with the neighboring city Orkistos. The area remained under Byzantine control until lost to the Seljuk Turks in the latter 11th century, after which Pessinus became an inconspicuous mountain village at 900m height, gradually getting depopulated since it was fully protected.

Ecclesiastical history
Circa AD 398, Pessinus was established as the capital of the newly established Roman province of Galatia Salutaris (=Secunda), and became the seat of a Metropolitan Archdiocese, under the sway of the Patriarchate of Constantinople.

Despite the Arab sack of the city in the 7th century, it had archbishops at least until the 11th century, but ultimately the see was suppressed, being truly in partibus infidelium under Turkish (Seljuk, later Ottoman) Muslim rule.

It was nominally revived in the early 20th century, both in a Latin (extant) and in an Armenian Catholic (short-lived) line of apostolic succession.

Ecclesiastical province

 * The Notitia Episcopatuum of pseudo-Epifanius, edited under the Byzantine emperor Heraclius I (circa 640), ranks the see of Pessinus 18th amongst the Metropolitans in the Patriarchate of Constantinople and has seven suffragans: Amorium, Claneus (has been made a titular bishopric), Eudoxias (a titular bishopric), Petinessus (a titular bishopric), Trocmades (also titular bishopric; nicknamed (P)lotinus after its patron saint], not the philosopher, 'Germocolonia' (i.e. Germa in Galatia) and 'Palia' (sic; cfr. Spalea below?).
 * The Notitia Episcopatuum under the Byzantine emperor Leo VI the Wise or the Philosopher (866–912) ranks Pessinus as the 19th Metropolitanate, but with a greatly altered set of seven suffragans: again 'Germocolonia', again '(P)Lotinus' (= above Trocmades), again Petinessus, 'Synodium' (sic, unidentified, perhaps an error), 'Sant'Agapeto' (i.e. Myrica, a titular see), Orcistus (titular see) and 'Spalea', plausibly Justinianopolis in Galatia (titular see).

Residential (Byzantine) Metropolitan Archbishops
The following incumbents are historically known :
 * Demetrius (first documented circa 403 - circa 405 exiled)
 * Pius (in 431)
 * Teoctistus (fl. 449–451)
 * Acacus (on 536)
 * Georgius (circa 600)
 * Johannes (in 680)
 * Constantinus (in 692)
 * Gregorius (in 787)
 * Eustratius (in 879)
 * Eusebius (fl. 944–945)
 * Genesius (from a seal, first half tenth century)
 * Nicolaus (in 1054).

Latin Titular see
The Roman Catholic archdiocese was nominally restored no later than 1901, when Pessinus of the Latins was recorded as Latin Metropolitan Titular archbishopric of Pessinus (Italian: Pessinonte (Curiate); Latin: Pessinuntin(us)).

The titular see had the following incumbents, so far of the Metropolitan (highest) rank: It has since been vacant.
 * Vincenzo Di Giovanni (22 March 1901 - 20 July 1903; died in office)
 * Emilio Parodi, C.M. (27 March 1905 - 10 October 1905; later Archbishop of Sassari)
 * Isaac Hagian (6 May 1905–1908; died in office)
 * Constant-Ludovic-Marie Guillois (31 May 1907 - 22 October 1910; died in office)
 * Antun Bauer (20 January 1911 - 26 April 1914; later Archbishop of Zagabria)
 * Robert William Spence, O.P. (2 May 1914 - 6 July 1915, later Archbishop of Adelaide)
 * José Alves de Mattos (9 December 1915 - 9 April 1917; died in office)
 * William Barry (7 April 1919 - 8 May 1926; later Archbishop of Hobart)
 * Nicola Giannattasio (24 June 1926 - 24 August 1959; died in office)
 * Gerald Patrick Aloysius O'Hara (17 October 1959 - 16 July 1963; died in office)
 * Paul Joseph Marie Gouyon (6 September 1963 - 4 September 1964; later Archbishop of Rennes)
 * Gabriel Ganni (2 March 1966 - 15 January 1971; later Archbishop of Bassora)

Armenian Catholic titular see
In 1905 Pessinus of the Armenians was established as the Armenian Catholic Metropolitan Titular archbishopric of Pessinus (Italian: Pessinonte (Curiate Italiano), Latin: Pessinuntin(us) Armenorum). In 1915 it was suppressed, having had a singular incumbent, of the Metropolitan (highest) rank:
 * Isaac Hagian (5 June 1905 – 1908?) as emeritate, formerly first Archbishop of Sebaste of the Armenians (1892 – 1905).

Excavation history
The temple area at Pessinus was rediscovered in 1834 by the French architect and archaeologist Charles Texier in the south of the village along the Gallos river, and was excavated under the auspices of Ghent University in 1967–1973 under the directorship of Pieter Lambrechts and in 1987–2008 under the directorship of John Devreker. Angelo Verlinde's 2012 PhD dissertation, published in 2015, is on the temple.

As yet, the temple area (sector B) is the only thoroughly investigated area of the city, with the exception of the so-called Acropolis (sector I) near the northern entrance of the Ballıhisar valley. Since 2009, the city has been investigated by a team from the University of Melbourne, led by Gocha Tsetskhladze.

Sources and external links

 * GCatholic - Latin titular see
 * GCatholic - Armenian Catholic former titular see
 * GUPEDA (Ghent University Pessinus Excavations Digital Archive)
 * Ghent University website
 * Verlinde, A. 2010, Monumental Architecture in Julio-Claudian Pessinus, Babesch 85, 111-139.
 * Pessinus at www.archaeology.ugent.be
 * Westermann Grosser Atlas zur Weltgeschichte
 * Westermann Grosser Atlas zur Weltgeschichte

title: Pessinus


text:
Pete Varney

Richard Fred "Pete" Varney Jr. (born April 10, 1949) is a retired American college baseball coach and a former professional baseball catcher. A graduate of Harvard College, he also played a notable role in the 1968 Yale vs. Harvard football game, in which Harvard roared back from a 29–13 deficit in the final 42 seconds of play to tie Yale, 29–29. Both teams were undefeated at the time.

Born in Roxbury, Massachusetts, Varney attended North Quincy High School and Deerfield Academy before enrolling at Harvard, where he played varsity football as well as baseball. In the 85th Harvard–Yale game on November 23, 1968, tight end Varney caught Frank Champi's pass for the two-point conversion in the final second to earn a tie, and a share of the Ivy League championship, with Yale. Although the famous game ended deadlocked, the furious comeback caused The Harvard Crimson to headline its game story, Harvard Beats Yale 29–29. A standout in baseball, Varney batted .370 over his three varsity seasons, still the third-highest batting average in Crimson baseball history, and was selected a first-team All-American.

After being drafted six previous times by five different Major League Baseball teams, Varney signed with the Chicago White Sox after they selected him in the first round of the secondary phase of the 1971 Major League Baseball Draft following his graduation from Harvard. The 6 ft, 235 lb catcher began his professional career at the Double-A level of minor league baseball and made his Major League debut late in, appearing in five games played and going hitless in four at bats. In his most successful season,, Varney appeared in 36 games as the backup to regular ChiSox catcher Brian Downing, batting .271 in 107 at bats.

In, Varney played sporadically for the White Sox during the season's first ten weeks, logging 43 plate appearances with ten hits and two bases on balls, but he did hit three of his five career MLB home runs during that stretch. On July 15, he was traded to the Atlanta Braves for pitcher Blue Moon Odom. He spent much of the rest of that season with the Triple-A Richmond Braves, coming to bat for Atlanta ten times, with one hit, a single.

All told, in 69 MLB games played, Varney batted .247, with seven doubles and one triple, along with his five homers.

Pete Varney retired from professional baseball after the 1977 minor league season. After three years of high school coaching in Templeton, Massachusetts, he became head baseball coach at Brandeis University. In 34 years as head coach of the Brandeis Judges he compiled a win–loss record of 705–528 (with six ties), and became the winningest Brandeis coach in any varsity sport. From 1988 to 1990, he skippered the Cotuit Kettleers, a collegiate summer baseball team in the Cape Cod Baseball League. He announced his retirement effective June 30, 2015.

title: Pete Varney