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2000 US Open (tennis)

The 2000 US Open was held between August 28 – September 10, 2000. It was the final Grand Slam event of 2000.

Both Andre Agassi and Serena Williams were unsuccessful in their title defences; Agassi being upset in the second round by Arnaud Clément and Williams losing in the quarter-finals to Lindsay Davenport. Marat Safin won his first US Open title and first of two Grand Slams, defeating Pete Sampras in the final, and Venus Williams defeated Davenport to win the women's title.

Men's singles
🇷🇺 Marat Safin defeated 🇺🇸 Pete Sampras, 6–4, 6–3, 6–3
 * • It was Safin's 1st career Grand Slam singles title and his 1st and only title at the US Open. It was Safin's 4th title of the year, and his 5th overall.

Women's singles
🇺🇸 Venus Williams defeated 🇺🇸 Lindsay Davenport, 6–4, 7–5
 * • It was Williams' 2nd career Grand Slam singles title and her 1st title at the US Open. It was Williams' 5th title of the year, and her 14th overall.

Men's doubles
🇦🇺 Lleyton Hewitt / 🇧🇾 Max Mirnyi defeated Ellis Ferreira / 🇺🇸 Rick Leach, 6–4, 5–7, 7–6
 * • It was Hewitt's 1st and only career Grand Slam doubles title.
 * • It was Mirnyi's 1st career Grand Slam doubles title.

Women's doubles
🇫🇷 Julie Halard-Decugis / 🇯🇵 Ai Sugiyama defeated Cara Black / 🇷🇺 Elena Likhovtseva, 6–0, 1–6, 6–1
 * • It was Halard-Decugis' 1st and only career Grand Slam doubles title.
 * • It was Sugiyama's 1st career Grand Slam doubles title and her 1st and only title at the US Open.

Mixed doubles
🇪🇸 Arantxa Sánchez Vicario / 🇺🇸 Jared Palmer defeated 🇷🇺 Anna Kournikova / 🇧🇾 Max Mirnyi, 6–4, 6–3
 * • It was Sánchez Vicario's 4th and last career Grand Slam mixed doubles title and her 1st and only title at the US Open.
 * • It was Palmer's 2nd and last career Grand Slam mixed doubles title and his 1st and only title at the US Open.

Boys' singles
🇺🇸 Andy Roddick defeated 🇺🇸 Robby Ginepri, 6–1, 6–3

Girls' singles
🇦🇷 María Emilia Salerni defeated 🇺🇦 Tatiana Perebiynis, 6–3, 6–4

Boys' doubles
🇬🇧 Lee Childs / 🇬🇧 James Nelson defeated 🇺🇸 Tres Davis / 🇺🇸 Robby Ginepri, 6–2, 6–4

Girls' doubles
🇦🇷 Gisela Dulko / 🇦🇷 María Emilia Salerni defeated 🇭🇺 Anikó Kapros / 🇦🇺 Christina Wheeler, 3–6, 6–2, 6–2

Prize money
Total prize money for the event was $15,011,000.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: 2000 US Open (tennis)


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Self-referencing doomsday argument rebuttal

The self-referencing doomsday argument rebuttal is an attempt to refute the doomsday argument (that there is a credible link between the brevity of the human race's existence and its expected extinction) by applying the same reasoning to the lifetime of the doomsday argument itself.

The first researchers to write about this were P. T. Landsberg and J. N. Dewynne in 1997; they applied belief in the doomsday argument to itself, and claimed that a paradox results.

The paradox
If the doomsday argument's lifetime is governed by the principle of indifference and the Copernican principle then based on the length of its current existence, and assuming that it is randomly drawn from a reference class of probabilistic speculations it is 95% certain that it will be refuted before the year 2500.

If the doomsday argument is not itself subject to these principles then its assumption that the human race's survival-time can be modeled using them appears to be a paradox (to Lansberg & Dewynne).

Alternatively, if the doomsday argument is subject to these presumptions, then as it is expected to expire (be refuted) earlier that its own prediction for the likely survival time of humanity there is a second paradox: The predictions of a theory concerning events to occur after it has been refuted (such as human extinction) are not logically meaningful. Conversely, if the doomsday argument survives until the end of human civilization (in the year 5000, say) then it will have dramatically beaten the odds against the expectations of the Copernican principle. This can create a paradox for an argument based on probability, as shown if future scenarios are broken into three groups:
 * 1) Human extinction occurs before the year 2,500 AD.
 * 2) Human extinction occurs after the year 2,500 AD and the doomsday argument is never refuted.
 * 3) Human extinction occurs after the year 2,500 AD but not before the doomsday argument is refuted.

The "quick extinction" in possibility 1 is considered fairly likely in those doomsday arguments using the number of births as a reference class, but comparing like-for-like we should compare the length of time the doomsday argument survives before refutation with the length of time the human race survives before extinction. Therefore, J. Richard Gott's (temporal) doomsday argument is used to calculate the probabilities of the three scenarios above:

 * 1) According to Gott's doomsday argument it is extremely unlikely that the human race will become extinct before the year 2,500 AD, as this would make us extremely special observers; applying the indifference principle to the duration of the human race makes the odds around 400:1 against (0.25% chance).
 * 2) If the Copernican principle applies to the lifetime of theories as well as species (depending on the reference class evidence says it does) then the chance of the (relatively young) doomsday argument surviving sustained critical analysis for the next 500 years = 22/500 = 4.4%
 * 3) By eliminating the other two outcomes we are left with the third, that the human race will survive to see the doomsday argument refuted. The chance of this = 100 - (4.4 + 0.25) = 95.35%

Paradoxical conclusion
If the doomsday argument can apply to itself it can be simultaneously right (as a probabilistic argument) and probably wrong (as a prediction).

Therefore, Landsberg and Dewynne argue that it is more likely that the doomsday argument is wrong (even if its logic is correct) than that the human race will become extinct in 9,000 years (which the doomsday argument calculates at around 95% likely). The interesting paradox is that the Doomsday argument is probably wrong even assuming it to be completely right (in its 95% estimate).

Extensions
In 2001 Bradley Monton and Sherrilyn Roush extended this by arguing that Gott's doomsday argument inevitably refutes itself.

Critique
This "meta"-doomsday argument application of the concept to the doomsday argument itself, requires some assumptions that are not universally accepted:
 * 1) The hypothesis that the same reasoning can be applied to the lifetime of mathematical theories as can be applied to the survival time of a species. One difference is that evidence exists for the average "lifetime" of a scientific (falsifiable) prediction; there are libraries full of refuted, unrefuted, and forgotten papers published on mathematics.
 * 2) The truth-value of the doomsday argument and the survival of the human race are un-correlated in the simple calculation above.
 * 3) The concept that the doomsday argument is susceptible to refutation; if the doomsday argument is not falsifiable then there is no mechanism for refuting it, even if it is false. This would make it incomparable to mortal survival. (Landsberg & Dewynne say that the doomsday argument is a physical theory rather than a mathematical hypothesis, and that any such theory is inherently falsifiable, as "experience has shown that any theory in physics, however successful, is only an approximation to reality and will eventually be refuted and require modification." )


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User:Phiwum

Phiwum is the Wikipedia user name for Jesse F. Hughes.

title: User:Phiwum


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Logie Awards of 2001

The 43rd Annual TV Week Logie Awards was held on Sunday 22 April 2001 at the Crown Palladium in Melbourne, and broadcast on the Nine Network. The ceremony was hosted by Shaun Micallef, and guests included Michael Crawford and Christopher Ellison.

Winners and nominees
In the tables below, winners are listed first and highlighted in bold.

Performers

 * Ricky Martin – "She Bangs" and "Loaded"
 * Human Nature – A medley
 * Vanessa Amorosi – "Shine"

Hall of Fame
After several years on Australian television, Ruth Cracknell became the 18th inductee into the TV Week Logies Hall of Fame.

title: Logie Awards of 2001


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User:NiggleNok32

Boogie woogie nop romp!

title: User:NiggleNok32


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Must Have PocketPC Software

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was Delete. Eugene van der Pijll 21:00, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Must Have PocketPC Software
While I can't find an exactly matching case at What Wikipedia is not, this is a subjective guide and original research which does not belong in an encyclopedia. Thue | talk 13:15, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * How about 'inherently POV'? Inclusion of a piece of software on this list is entirely subjective. Either way, delete this. Radiant_* 13:38, Jun 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: It is inherently POV, therefore it must not stay. Geogre 15:13, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as original research ('must have' is inherently subjective). --InShaneee 15:35, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Note that the author seems to be trying to create a set of 'how to' articles for his PDA. DJ Clayworth 15:40, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, and gently tutor the author on Wikipedia editing policy. -- The Anome 15:53, Jun 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * I misunderstood the purpose of the Wikipedia, having seen Wiki's implemented on other sites such as XDA Developers being a source of useful structured information. If its meant to be only collection of stale historical facts meant to settle pub disputes I apologize.  I was initially excited by a central repository of all knowledge, but if How To articles are deemed inappropriate I hope we never have to rely upon the Wikipedia to bootstrap us from the next fall of civilization. Sururdavids 16:34, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Wikipedia is hardly a collection of stale historical facts. It's constantly updated and added to. We've got articles on recent stuff like Kenny McCormick and Harry Potter, but unfortunately, articles aren't collections of historical external links. Delete. Mgm|(talk) 16:54, Jun 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Delete. User blanked page. Nestea 22:15, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete for lack of nobility. Nestea 01:26, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The originator blanked the page and 'revoked his permission to publish'. I think we may take this as the author requesting deletion. (no vote - already voted) DJ Clayworth 19:05, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Although he cannot revoke permission since he licensed the content under a free license when he sent it, and thus we can "fork" it and work with the previous version. However, this must go ;) drini ☎ 19:30, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Delete I very seriously doubt there's a way to NPOV this. You 20:46, Jun 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: POV list. Wikibofh 20:57, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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User talk:NiggleNok32

Hoogi shxu!

title: User talk:NiggleNok32


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Talk:Astaroth

Comments
I'm not sure I agree with removing all the modern homages (?). Plenty of other pages have similar ones. Perhaps they would be better called something other than "See Also," though. —Archlords
 * Agreed...go ahead and add them back of you want to, but it should go under another section...perhaps "Modern Cultural References" or even just "Video Game References".

astaroth also appears as a playable character in the Soul Calibur video game series.

 * One of the items in the list seems a bit dubious..."Astaroth is the name of the concious internet". What the hell?

 * Modern cultural references needs an overhaul::

Since there are apparently so many and the section seems very cluttered how about we divide it into multiple categories, Astaroth in film, Astaroth in music, etc. I'll try and sort as best as I can.--TylerXKJ 02:58, 7 December 2006 (UTC)

In the video game Omikron The Nomad Soul Astaroth is the highest demon. Astaroth controls a super computer called IX, which in turn controlls Omikron's (a different dimension to which the soul of the player of the game is transferred) population. In the beginning of the game it is explained that your soul is transferred to Omikron to liberate it from the demons. If you fail your soul will be lost, if you succeed Omikron will be free as well as your soul.

Systems Malfunction
I'm removing the odd "Systems Malfunction" quote in the "Other" because it seems to be from a home brew RPG thats run on a college campus and not from any form of pop-culture what so ever. If it pops up again, please be kind enough to remove it. PsyckoSama 03:41, 13 February 2007 (UTC)

Problem
Apart from no citations, the hardcore repetition of Astaroth's name over and over again is too redundant. Just about every sentence in the cultural references section starts with his name. All of these need to be deleted. (Ghostexorcist 03:17, 7 March 2007 (UTC))

Wings
"In art, in the Dictionnaire Infernal, Astaroth is depicted as a nude man with dragon-like wings, hands and feet, a second pair of feathered wings after the main..."

I belive the "dragon-like" wings are placed on the wolf/dog/dragon, and not on Astaroth himself. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 129.240.29.90 (talk) 11:57, 28 May 2008 (UTC)

The dragon-like wings do belong to the 'wolf', but there are also faint wings that belong to Astaroth in the background.

Use your eyes.

Demons in Christianity
I'm OK with or without the category, but Sebastien Michaelis was a Dominican theologian and exorcist, and The Dictionnaire Infernal and Paradise Lost were written by Christians. Also the Lesser Key of Solomon / Ars Goetia does assume a Christian worldview, and was certainly written by someone who believed God wanted him to summon and oppress those demons into doing his will. While I don't agree with the theologies of Michaelis, DePlancy, Milton, or the author of the Lesser Key of Solomon, from a scholarly perspective, they're considered Christian. Ian.thomson (talk) 00:38, 30 July 2010 (UTC)

 * I'm not sure that qualifies this article subject as a "Demon in Christianity", since there is no such demon in Christianity. In fact, the sources for this particular  stuff apparently come from Judaism (at least according to Ashtoreth, which might contradict this article), so perhaps it should be narrowed down to whatever subset of Judaism came up with it, and the information added to the article. Til Eulenspiegel (talk) 01:20, 30 July 2010 (UTC)

 * Christians and Christianity did derive a great deal from Judaism, but gave what they took their own twist. For example, Satan was transformed from a persecuting attourney in God's court to a cosmic threat.  It is a bit of a modern evangelical POV to say that Michaelis, DePlancy, and Milton aren't a part of Christianity. Ian.thomson (talk) 01:35, 30 July 2010 (UTC)

 * I'm not interested in discussing OT theories about Satan here, I only want to stick to the question at hand, namely Should Astaroth be called a "demon in Christianity"? None of those authors speak for other Christians or determine Christian doctrine, any more than Salman Rushdie speaks for Muslims or determines Muslim doctrine just because he happens to be one. A closer paralel would then be taking something mentioned in Rushdies writing and categorizing it under Islamic doctrine.  Now there are some names of demons that do appear in books that were indeed regarded as authoritative at times within various sects of Christianity, but I don't think this is one of them that belongs in that category. Til Eulenspiegel (talk) 01:56, 30 July 2010 (UTC)

 * Bringing up Salman Rushdie for Islam is like bringing up Richard Dawkins for Christianity. Era is also another issue.  More apt comparisons would be Averroes, Avicenna, and Ferdowsi.  A lot of Muslims don't agree with them, but they did contribute to Islam.  And how else would you classify the works of Michaelis, DePlancy, and Milton except as Christian?  It's not the core of the religion, but there is no other way to classify their work but "Christian."  Ian.thomson (talk) 02:16, 30 July 2010 (UTC)

 * Huh? What's wrong with just classifying it as "Occult"? Considering that it all has little to do with any of the teachings attributed to Jesus Christ, it should not be wrongly associated with those trying to follow Jesus' teachings, since it's all a bunch of totally unrelated crap that came from somewhere else. Til Eulenspiegel (talk) 02:23, 30 July 2010 (UTC)
 * Very little of Christianity is attributable to Jesus and is mostly totally unrelated crap that came from somewhere else. The authors I named must be classified as Christian from an NPOV, scholarly perspective, regardless of your personal view of them or what constitutes "real" Christianity.  Christians did write occult texts, but they still wrote as Christians.  Should we not count C.S. Lewis as a Christian author because he also wrote fantasy?  Ian.thomson (talk) 02:29, 30 July 2010 (UTC)

I don't know anything about this article or its origin, however, it very explicitly states a connection to Christianity right smack in the middle of its only section: "He also goes by the name ‘Ashtart/Astarte which was rendered in the Latin Vulgate translation of the Bible as Astharthe (singular) and Astharoth (plural), that last form rendered in the King James Version of the Bible as Ashtaroth." That statement is unsourced, so either it is incorrect and should be removed, or it's correct and the category is legitimate. Til, you've been bold, and I've reverted. Now it's time for discussion. Please establish consensus before removing it again. Jesstalk edits 02:48, 30 July 2010 (UTC)

 * You don't know anything about this article because you followed me into it looking for my contribs to revert, didn't you? Please look up WP:STALK.  And to educate you a little about the subject, the Biblical reference is to a pre-Christian Phoenician goddess (female) who is covered at Astarte, not to this male demon who was never heard of until the 1500s, unless it was in some  Midrash or kabbalah work, we're still waiting for the source on that one.  Definitely not a "Demon in Christianity". Til Eulenspiegel (talk) 02:55, 30 July 2010 (UTC)

 * To Mann Jess: I've added a reference that shows the word "Astaroth" is used in the Vulgate.
 * To Til Eulenspiegel: Wait, you'll count Midrashim or Kabbalah as Jewish, but you won't count a Dominican Exorcist or Milton as Christian? That's ridiculous. Ian.thomson (talk) 03:03, 30 July 2010 (UTC)

 * Not ridiculous. Simply find out whether it's Midrashim or kabbalah, then we can add a specific cat for "Midrashim" or "Kabbalah".  Til Eulenspiegel (talk) 03:09, 30 July 2010 (UTC)
 * No, this figure is written about in what is and has been the Christian equivilants to Midrashim (Milton's poetry) and Kabbalah (the theology of a Dominican priest). If we were to count Astaroth as a "Demon in Judaism" for a mention in a Midrash, we have to include him as a "Demon in Christianity" because he's mentioned by Milton.  If we were to count him as a figure in Judaism because of a mention in a Kabbalistic text, we have to count him as a figure in Christianity because he's mentioned in the work of a Dominican theologian.  It's a POV double standard to hold Christianity only to what Jesus said or only to the New Testament, but label as Jewish anything that any random rabbi said, even if a significant parts of Judaism (Orthodox, Conservative, Reform, and Reconstructionist) rejects, criticizes, or at least advises against it.  Ian.thomson (talk) 03:21, 30 July 2010 (UTC)

 * You missed my point. What I'm saying is, we find out if this originates from Kabbalah or Midrash (which remains to be seen) then we can add a more specific category than simply "Judaism". I could also see argument for adding Milton-specific or Dominican-specific categories.  But categories are tricky things, they aren't easy to tweak and absolutely shouldn't be used to imply things that aren't true, and 'Demons in Christianity" is far too broad and implies something that isn't true, namely that this is a demon according to Christianity. Til Eulenspiegel (talk) 03:28, 30 July 2010 (UTC)

 * Another thing I notice, Milton definitely realizes he is talking about the female Phoenician goddess, Astarte, and the quote better belongs on her article, than on this one. Milton must have been better educated on classical deities than these occultists were. Til Eulenspiegel (talk) 03:51, 30 July 2010 (UTC)

November 2013 redux
The Pseudomonarchia Daemonum proves Astaroth is a Christian demon too. Udine2812 (talk) 14:34, 9 November 2013 (UTC)

 * I think not - there is no Christian church, group or sect that has ever taught that any Astaroth exists. The existence of "Astaroth" is not a Christian teaching and never has been.  The only similar name is for the Canaanite idols or totems as explained in the article.  Your link has the same problems as those discussed above: it is not a source purporting to represent any doctrines actually taught by any form of Christianity. Please stop adding the inappropriate "Christian demon" category. Til Eulenspiegel /talk/ 15:50, 9 November 2013 (UTC)

Proposed Change to Title Section: Astaroth DukeSS of Hell, Queen of Heaven
Astaroth is a GODDESS. Some of her many names include: Aphrodite, Anat, Artemeis, Ashteroth, Ashtoreth, Astarte, Hathor, Inanna, Ishtar, and Juno.

“And it came to pass afterwards that Eleazar the high-priest the son of Aaron died, and was buried in Gabaar of Phinehas{gr.Phinees} his son, which he gave him in mount Ephraim. In that day the children of Israel took the ark of God, and carried it about among them; and Phinehas{gr.Phinees} exercised the priest's office in the room of Eleazar his father till he died, and he was buried in his own place Gabaar: but the children of Israel departed every one to their place, and to their own city: and the children of Israel worshipped Ashtaroth{gr.Astarte}, and Ashtaroth{gr.Astaroth}, and the gods of the nations round about them; and the Lord delivered them into the hands of Eglon{gr.Eglom} king of Moab and he ruled over them eighteen years.” Joshua 24:33 Septuagint

“A’ STAROTH, (the plural of Astarte) or Ashtaroth, or Ashtoreth, a GODDESS of the Sidonians. 1 Kings xi.5. Ashtaroth, in the Syrian language, signifies sheep; particularly ewes, when their dugs are turgid, and they give milk. From the fecundity of these animals, which in Syria continue to breed a long time, the Sidonians formed the notion of a deity, which they called ASTAROTH, or Astarte. Astarte, the singular number of ASTAROTH, a GODDESS of the Phoenicians. This deity is in Scripture (Jer. Xiv.18) called the QUEEN of Heaven…Solomon had many wives that were sorceresses, was prevailed upon them to introduce the worship of this GODDESS into Israel… ”

“Moreover, the universe of the ancient religion of Mesopotamia was conceived as being under the control of Baal, the Father God and ASTAROTH, the MOTHER GODDESS. Baal, the Sun-god, was a hot, active, light, immaterial and positive principle; ASTAROTH, the Moon-GODDESS, was cold, passive, heavy, material and negative.”

“The Sumerian goddess Inanna, better known by her Semitic name Ishtar, was worshipped all over the Western Lands under different local cultic names. To the Phoenicians and Philistines, she was Astarte; to the Canaanites she was Asherah. She appears in the Old Testament under these names as well as ASTORETH and Anat. These were all permutations of the name Ishtar, the fertility GODDESS and “Queen of Heaven” of the Semitic people.” “The worship of Astarte was quite common among the Hebrews and appears in the form of ASTAROTH. In Joshua 24:33 (a verse which does not appear in the King James version but is found in the Hebrew text) she is called Astarte, the “majestic lady” or Astarten kai Astaroth. ASTAROTH is a plural form of majesty and it is OBVIOUS that the word applies to Astarte.”

“Venus Anadyomene…Astaroth GODDESS of the Zidonians” (Page 33 Catalogue of the Statues and Busts in Marble and Casts in the National Gallery of Victoria

“ASTAROTH, or Astoreth, or Astarte, a celebrated Phoenician GODDESS….She was GODDESS of the woods, the celestial GODDESS, and was also called the “Queen of Heaven”

Hebrew Word 6253. Ashtoreth "Ancient Semetic goddess; Phoenician diety" "Probably for ashtrah; Ashtoreth, the Phoenician GODDESS of Love"

“Perhaps some light may be thrown upon its history by the observations of Adrichomius,* who speaks of the fane constructed by Solomon, upon the top of the Mount of Olives, for the worship of ASTAROTH, the idol of the Sidonians. The Venus of Paphos was represented by a symbol which had the peculiar form of this crypt; that is to say a eone; but the Phoenician ASTAROTH, and the Paphian GODDESS, were one and the same divinity.”

“ASTAROTH, or Ashtaroth, in antiquity, a GODDESS of the Sidonians. “ “Astarte, the Singular of ASHTAROTH, a GODDESS of the Sidonians, and called, in scripture, the Queen of Heaven.”

“GODDESS known as Ester, Esther, Ishtar and/or ASTAROTH”

“Ashtaroth, and (once) ASTAROTH a city on the E of Jordan…doubtlessly so called from being a seat of the worship of the GODDESS of the same name. “Ashtoreth, [and once ASTARTE, (aka ASTAROTH)] the principal FEMALE divinity of the Phoenicians, as Baal was the principal MALE divinity….In the earlier books of the o.t. only the plural, Ashtaroth occurs, and it is not till the time of Solomon, who introduced the worship of the Sidonian Astarte, and only in reference to that particular GODDESS, Ashtoreth of the Sidonians, that the singular is found in the O.T.”

“In later Jewish mythology, she [Astarte] became a female demon of lust; for what seems to be the use of the Hebrew plural form of ʻAštārōṯ in this sense, see Astaroth).

“The term Astaroth is derived from the name of the Semitic Goddess Astarte, a goddess who appears in Ugaritic, Phoenician, and Akkadian sources. She is a cognate of the Babylonian goddess Ishtar. Because she is connected with forbidden things in the bible, namely with religions that were viewed as false and heretical by the ancient Israelites, Astarte cum Astaroth was demonized along with a host of other foreign deities. She, now a he, has remained a demon ever since – at least as far as most of Western civilization is concerned.”

“A good example is the Babylonian mother goddess, Ishtar. A beneficent deity of a very loving and generous nature, Ishtar, also seen as a moon goddess, first became Astarte, then ASTAROTH, one of the fallen angels and one of the highest demons in the hierarchy of hell.”

“She [Venus, the Goddess of Love] was generally worshipped in the territories of Israel by the name of Astarte, or ASTAROTH, or Asterah, or the Goddess of the Groves.”

"Juno, therefore, a translation of the Greek Hera, chief of the Goddesses in Greco-Roman pantheon, was the Roman equivelant of the Phoenician supreme GODDESS, ASTAROTH, known to us by the Greek name of ASTARTE, the goddess of fertility for the Semitic peoples."

“Evidently, the adaptation of the roles and statutes of divine figures extends over time and space, and across the entire spectrum of deities, whose fate at the hands of popular belief and official doctrine cannot be predicted. Astarte is one case in point of a goddess who has managed to keep a hold on the minds of man from roughly the fifteenth century BC right through to the Middle Ages and beyond: (s)he will be highly instrumental in the destruction of Alexander VI in The Devil’s Charter. The name is found in Ugaritic (‘ttrt for Athtart[u]), Phoenician (‘štrt for Ashtart), Hebrew (Aštōret), Egyptian (‘strt, ‘strt, or istrt) and Greek (Astartē), and consequently related to, and the counterpart of, the Akkadian Aš-tar-[tum?] for Ishtar, the goddess of love and war. She appears to be the Evening Star, Venus, deified. In Ugarit, as well as in Egypt, she is seen as an armed consort of Baal, although she does not seem to have had a relationship with him. In Egypt, where Seth and Baal are conflated, Seth takes the daughters of Re, namely Anat and Astarte, as his wives. Here, Astarte is a war-goddess. She was also an important female deity in Phoenicia. The goddess further extends her mighty arms into various other Mediterranean cultures: “she became assimilated with the Egyptian deities Isis and Hathor, and in the Greco-Roman world with Aphrodite, Artemis, and Juno, all aspects of the Great Mother.” The Aramaic goddess Atargatis also takes on traits of Ashtart, who retains a life of her own, too. As she is a rival deity to Yahweh, it does not come as a surprise that the Hebrews did not flatter her greatly: Hebrew scholars now feel that the GODDESS Ashtoreth mentioned so often in the bible is a deliberat3e conflation of the Greek name Astarte and the Hebrew word boshet, “shame,” indicating the Hebrew contempt for HER cult. Ashtaroth, the plural form of the goddess’s name in Hebrew became a general term denoting GODDESSES and paganism.” “It is in this latter form that the name eventually reappears as the one of one of the principal, now male, demons frequently found in occult literature of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance."

SnowWhite21 (talk) 23:45, 23 December 2017 (UTC) SnowWhite21 SnowWhite21 (talk) 23:45, 23 December 2017 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by SnowWhite21 (talk • contribs) 23:33, 23 December 2017 (UTC)

Proposed Change to Page, COMBINING ALL INFORMATION and History ABOUT ASTAROTH aka ASTARTE.
ASTAROTH was a GODDESS until the NEW IDEA of HER being a Male Demon came about in 1458 it would be fitting to have ONE ARTICLE that covered both the GODDESS AND the NEW proposed idea of Astaroth being a Male Demon.

Quote from Current Wikipedia Page: The name "Astaroth" as a male demon is first known from The Book of Abramelin, purportedly written in Hebrew c. 1458, and recurred in most occult grimoires of the following centuries. Astaroth also features as an archdemon associated with the qliphoth (adverse forces) according to later Kabbalistic texts.

SnowWhite21 (talk) 01:19, 20 January 2018 (UTC)

Astarte and Astaroth indeed do have a relationship. But that does not mean they don't have distinctive natures. This is very much a case of mythological assimilation. Similar to Baal and Bael (demon), who have separate wikipedia pages for a reason. They are considered different beings, despite the fact that the demon is very much inspired by the god. Thus even though one is inspired by the other, they should be explored separately as separate ideas. Although their pages can and should reference each other as related ideas. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 73.228.134.47 (talk) 13:33, 22 May 2020 (UTC)

It is also a city?
In the Book of Joshua it is a city. 89.134.17.190 (talk) 19:20, 2 February 2024 (UTC)

 * Cities in the Book of Joshua does not mention a city named "Astaroth" Mr Fink (talk) 21:09, 2 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Astaroth


text: Template:SS Divisions

title: Template:SS Divisions


text:
User talk:Marcin Otorowski~enwiki

Polish Wikipedians' notice board
zapraszam.--Witkacy 13:22, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)

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title: User talk:Marcin Otorowski~enwiki


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Danmark (island)

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was merge into Sandvika.

Danmark (island)
Okay, I know some people are "keep all real places" so let me explain: This rock is completely unpopulated. There are far more many such rocks and reefs off the coast of Norway than there are schools in the United States. Second, I have searched for any verifiable information that Danes living in Oslo actually celebrate their national holiday (June 5) on this island, and I have found nothing. Here is an aerial photo of the island, it is the rock placed in among the small boat piers. That parking lot in the southwest looks more notable than this. Sjakkalle 13:24, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: To verify that this actually is the Danmark rock, there is a tab above the photo labeled "kart" (Norwegian for "map"). If you click on that one you will find the rock labelled. Sjakkalle 06:13, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * delete rockruft, not quite as bad as schoolcruft but getting there. The second sentence is irrelevant, leaving a 1 sentence substub. Dunc|☺ 13:53, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete if the aerial photo is correct, this rock is smaller than my backyard and has exactly one (1) tree on it. I tend to be an inclusionist on geography (I strongly believe that every named & inhabited town/village should have an article) but I find no reason that every one of the world's nearly-infinite tiny uninhabited islands should each have articles. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  14:35, Jun 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and expand. If need be the tree can be broken out into its own article. Delete. the wub (talk) 15:02, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Agree with delete. Unless we can verify that this rock has some significance, it needs to go. Meelar (talk) 15:04, Jun 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: I am for keeping all real places with a position in history, which means that I'm in favor of keeping almost deserted towns and villages that had some part to play at any time in the past. However, this particular rock seems to have done nothing, hosted no one, and been fought over by no life forms higher than the puffin. Geogre 15:11, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Almafeta 18:58, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. All islands are notable. --Idont Havaname 19:37, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, unless there is some evidence anything important happens on that rock. (I say this even acknowledging that there also appears to be some shrubbery on the shore of the island, and not just a tree.  I also note that shrubbery redirects to shrub, which inexplicably has no mention of Monty Python and the Holy Grail.) --TenOfAllTrades (talk/contrib) 19:43, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * It does now —Wahoofive (talk) 20:51, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per Sjakkalle, Starblind, Meelar, Geogre, and TenOfAllTrades. I am a geography inclusionist, but I ask that anyone who would vote keep please look at the photo in the link that Sjakkalle provided.  Quale 20:20, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * keep all territory that is the subject of puffin wars. No, wait, I meant Delete as pointless geo-cruft. Soundguy99 20:28, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-encyclopedic. / Peter Isotalo 20:40, Jun 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Even if the Danes living in Oslo do celebrate their national holiday on this little rock, I'm not really sure that would be enough to make the place noteworthy enough to deserve its own entry, unless the celebration itself was particularly spectacular or considered a really notable event in Oslo. -- Captain Disdain 20:56, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * keep this rockcruft please Yuckfoo 22:21, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. If this stays, then there are a number of rocks in the Spokane River that should be added to the encyclopedia. --Carnildo 22:27, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Although I do note that there appear to be two trees and something that looks artificial (maybe a warning light), in addition to the shrubbery. --Carnildo 22:34, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * On the other hand, it could just be a fresh tree stump or a bare rock face catching the light. Uncle G 01:02, 2005 Jun 2 (UTC)
 * I normally vote keep on all real places, but there is nothing about this rock that makes it notable. All islands are not notable.  Delete.  RickK 23:15, Jun 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * ... And several times I've asked RickK whether "all real places" includes my back garden. My back garden has (amongst other things) trees, shrubbery, "something that looks artificial" (i.e. the shed, a feature that I may have mentioned before ☺).  It also has fences.  Of course, as far as I know no bird spotter has spotted 2 birds in my back garden,  as one reported doing on this island on 2002-09-27; although there are birds in my back garden, and so it is quite possible that one might have.  However, the fences of my back garden are more verifiable, of course.  For those who turn off Javascript for security, here's the fully zoomed in version of the aerial photograph mentioned above.  Uncle G 01:02, 2005 Jun 2 (UTC)
 * Delete unless said ceremony does exist, then merge to Oslo. --Tydaj 01:20, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. No sign of community of interest amongst humans (not birdlife) nor is there any indication that there may have been in the past. Capitalistroadster 01:49, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep or Merge to the harbor it's located in, if it can be verified that the aerial photo really is of this place. Likely a reference point for local Danes and boaters in the area.  If an island is notable enough to have a proper name, it ought to be merged if it's too small to keep.  -- Un  focused  03:32, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)  It's much larger than I originally thought it was.  There is no minimum article size for a "perfect article".  --Unfocused 05:19, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, nonnotable uninhabited rock. --Angr/undefined 05:43, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * UPDATE I got a response on the Norwegian Wikipedia. here is an invitation to an arrangement by the Danish Society. I will still say delete, because I still don't think this is particularily more notable than any other party site, but I think people voting ought to know. Sjakkalle 06:47, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Incidentally, I don't think that this arrangement attracts a great deal of Danes. How many Danes do you suppose would fit on that island? Sjakkalle 06:54, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The arial photograph shows it as being about 50 meters long by 15-20 wide. --Carnildo 07:05, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per Sjakalle. It's a friggin' rock :) Radiant_* 09:00, Jun 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * so is alcatraz Yuckfoo 21:52, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Alcatraz is notable for much more than just being a small rock. Gamaliel 05:23, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and expand. JamesBurns 11:10, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, unless someone can write a halfway decent, relevant, history of this rock. Which seems unlikely. CDC   (talk)  22:24, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. If this stays, I have a patio that I can write an article about. — Phil Welch 00:58, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Only if the article includes an aerial photo of your patio. . . . . . . Soundguy99 01:20, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Google Maps should be able to provide... --Carnildo 02:00, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. Some uninhabited small islands are notable in some way. This one apparently is not. No Account
 * Comment But then, we do have an article on Mill Ends Park and it's way smaller than this island.  Grue  16:05, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. There's an even bigger rock in Biscayne Bay, where I grew up, which the local teens call "Beercan Island" for reasons which don't require a lot of imagination. It doesn't deserve it's own article. I suspect this one doesn't either. -- BD2412 talk 00:44, 2005 Jun 8 (UTC)
 * Delete. Gravelcruft. Gamaliel 05:23, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep or merge into an article on the harbour it's located in if that article exists. It seems marginally notable in that it's called Danmark and Danes in Oslo celebrate their national holiday there. I think it's worthy of inclusion. — Trilobite (Talk) 16:27, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Question (and comment). Would anyone complain if I merged this into Sandvika and left a redirect?  That's the local city, and this is a feature of that town's geography.  (On that note, I don't see National Geographic erasing names off their maps because the mapped feature is "too small", so the delete option doesn't seem correct to me.) Unfocused 17:02, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I think that would be a good idea. Because it's probably not possible to write a huge article on this island, everything worth saying about it could probably be mentioned in Sandvika. I like this as a general principle in cases of questionable notability. — Trilobite (Talk) 17:48, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Sounds like a harmless compromise, and a as Trilobite says, it's a good general principle. --TenOfAllTrades (talk/contrib) 20:21, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I can accept a merge and/or a redirect. Sjakkalle (Check!)  09:16, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Vera Brosgol

Vera Brosgol, also known as the Verabee (b. August 2, 1984, in Moscow), is a cartoonist and storyboard artist.

Life and career
Brosgol was born in the Soviet Union but grew up in the United States and Canada. She is a graduate in Classical Animation of Sheridan College in Canada. She currently lives in Portland, Oregon. She worked for Laika Entertainment, where she did storyboards and concept art for their animation productions. Brosgol collaborated with Shaenon Garrity on L'il Mell and Sergio for Girlamatic and has drawn several guest comics for John Allison's Scary Go Round.

Awards

 * 2005 Kimberly Yale Award for Best New Talent for her work on Flight and Hopeless Savages B-Sides
 * 2006 Best Animated Film by a NW Filmmaker for Snow-Bo (Film Society of Portland)
 * 2007 Darkly Award for Snow-Bo (Channel Frederator Podcast)
 * 2012 Eisner Award for Best Publication for Young Adults (ages 12–17) for Anya's Ghost
 * 2012 Harvey Award for Best Original Graphic Publication for Younger Readers for Anya's Ghost
 * 2016 Caldecott Honor for Leave Me Alone!

Filmography

 * 2005: Snow-Bo (animation)
 * 2005: Someone Is Going to Die (animation)
 * 2009: Coraline (storyboard artist)
 * 2012: ParaNorman (story artist)
 * 2014: The Boxtrolls (additional writing)
 * 2015: We Bare Bears (writer/storyboard artist: "Pet Shop")
 * 2016: Bee and PuppyCat (storyboard artist)
 * 2022: Guillermo del Toro's Pinocchio (head of story)

title: Vera Brosgol


text:
Battle of Corinth

The Battle of Corinth or the Siege of Corinth may refer to:

Battles

 * Battle of Corinth (146 BC), in ancient Greece
 * Battle of Nemea (394 BC), also known as the Battle of Corinth, during the Corinthian War in ancient Greece
 * Siege of Corinth (1458), during the Ottoman conquest of the Morea
 * Siege of Corinth (1715), during the Ottoman reconquest of the Morea
 * Siege of Corinth (1822), unsuccessful siege by the Greek rebels during the Greek War of Independence
 * Siege of Corinth (1823), successful siege by the Greek rebels during the Greek War of Independence
 * Battle of the Corinth Canal (April 1941), fought as part of the Axis invasion of Greece during World War II
 * Siege of Corinth (April–June 1862), in Mississippi, U.S. (also known as the First Battle of Corinth)
 * Second Battle of Corinth (October 1862), in Mississippi, U.S.

Works

 * The Siege of Corinth (poem), a poem by Lord Byron, inspired by an incident from the 1715 siege
 * Le siège de Corinthe, an opera by Gioachino Rossini, written and set during the 19th-century Greek War of Independence

title: Battle of Corinth


text:
Talk:Glossary of textile manufacturing

Question
Can somebody please try to fill in more information on this page? I'm trying to figure out the difference between fabrics that are Warp Knit, Circular Knit, or Woven.

I'm also trying to find what is the exact meaning of "finishing". Does it include dyeing? Thx

== Finishing; this can be done on fabric stage or in garment form for example, To get a soft effct on garment/fabric there are different kinds of softener(i.e.,cataionic nature nonionic nature,silicone based )are used.like this different kind of finishes are there namely softner,enzyme,resin,flame retardant, stiffener,water repellent so on.biocleanchennai Sakthi.

Transfer to Wikipedia?
== warp knit, the warp knit and the woven i think these are the same and this two is different than the circular knitting. The warp knit or the woven are weaved in a flat machine of having different kind of inputs and can be weaved in automatic looms and normal looms esspecially in looms, but circular knitting will be knitted in a round machine and the input method is singular. Finally warp knit anf woven are called as "Weaving - which weaves the yarn from one to another " and the circular knit is called as "Knitting - which interlaces the yarns to the another "
 * Oppose. See Category talk:Glossaries. Rfrisbietalk 02:48, 15 October 2006 (UTC)

2007-02-7 Automated pywikipediabot message
--CopyToWiktionaryBot 13:15, 7 February 2007 (UTC)

Merge here?
See discussion at Talk:Glossary of textile terminology. - PKM (talk) 20:47, 8 April 2011 (UTC)

Discussion Page for 'Textiles for Dummies' Please contribute Gekatex (talk) 14:36, 16 January 2010 (UTC)

 * You may want to read and apply Manual of Style (glossaries). -- œ ™ 16:30, 6 February 2010 (UTC)

re: Copy to Wiktionary
I'm all for copying to Wiktionary but I hope that doesn't mean this glossary will be deleted afterwards.. I happen to find it quite useful anyway, and there are many such glossaries and indexes on Wikipedia.. plus this is a great starting point leading to other articles. It does need a bit of work however.. -- œ ™ 02:00, 15 February 2010 (UTC)
 * This should be copied to wiktionary and merged into the existing wikt:Appendix:Glossary of textile manufacturing terms. bd2412  T 14:53, 25 July 2010 (UTC)

General comment
In addition to the suggestion made eight months ago that this page should be edited in a manner consistent with Manual of Style (glossaries), I think it would be beneficial to remove most of the links from the "Terms" column (especially red links and links to disambiguation pages), and instead link relevant topics in the "Description" column, as these links are more likely to lead to information that will be useful to the reader. --R'n'B (call me Russ) 15:45, 25 October 2010 (UTC)

Scope, and accuracy
As someone has said, this page needs a lot of work (or should it be humanely disposed of ... ?)

If "A.K.A." is a textile term, then I'm a Dutchman, but not the one who put a couple of Dutch language terms in here.

I think the transfer to the dictionary is unsuitable because of the vague definitions.

Has anyone any strong views about radical surgery here?

Afterbrunel (talk) 22:29, 25 December 2010 (UTC)

Merge
I'm up for radical surgery. I suggest the entries here be merged into Glossary of textile manufacturing or Glossary of sewing terms, or abandoned, as appropriate. - PKM (talk) 20:42, 8 April 2011 (UTC)
 * I'd support merging textile terminology and textile manufacturing, but sewing should be kept separate and I would even split these to give a new List of fabric types, for those materials that are simply fabric types. Andy Dingley (talk) 19:07, 3 January 2012 (UTC)

 * ✅. glossary of textile terminology has now been merged into glossary of textile manufacturing. I hope that after some post-merge cleanup, we will soon have the best of both articles. --DavidCary (talk) 22:05, 23 March 2014 (UTC)

Grogram
Is grogram (like in 'Old Grogram' Edward Vernon) the same as grosgrain? It is obscure because I don't know much about this. Komitsuki (talk) 13:01, 14 April 2014 (UTC)

External links modified
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Reformat
I have reformatted the "main" glossary section using Glossary, which makes each item accessible as its own link within the page. I have not done anything with the second table, which should be integrated on an item-by-item basis (with references!) into the main glossary (or discarded if there's agreement that it's not helpful). - PKM (talk) 21:39, 14 July 2018 (UTC)
 * I boldly removed the second table, having checked the history and looked at the terms line by line. It's been there since a merge in 2014 (mentioned on this page a few topics up), complete with cleanup tags. Roughly 45 of 134 terms might fit into the glossary and aren't already there. This includes the acronyms that would be listed and defined as words rather than as acronyms, e.g. PA for polyamide and Y/D for yarn-dyed. Most of the rest are acronyms related to fashion/garment manufacturing and marketing, with a few oddities such as 'a.k.a.' and ABC (somebody saw Glengarry Glen Ross) . I apologise for the delay in posting here after my edit; something came up unexpectedly. BlackcurrantTea (talk) 11:07, 27 July 2018 (UTC)

Should all terms be converted to lowercase? This would make it match the formatting of Glossary of sewing terms and Glossary of dyeing terms. I can take care of this if others think it's a good idea. Heddles (talk) 02:33, 31 July 2018 (UTC)
 * That follows the Manual of Style for Glossaries, so I'd say yes. Pinging other editors who've worked on the article recently: and, what do you think? BlackcurrantTea (talk) 11:45, 31 July 2018 (UTC)
 * Works for me. - PKM (talk) 14:21, 31 July 2018 (UTC)
 * Changes have been made! Cheers, Heddles (talk) 00:05, 1 August 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Glossary of textile manufacturing


text:
Tim Noble and Sue Webster

Timothy Noble (born 1966) and Susan Webster (born 1967), are British artists who work as a collaborative duo. They are associated with the post-YBA generation of artists.

Early lives and careers
Noble and Webster attended fine art foundation courses at Cheltenham Art College (now the University of Gloucestershire) and Leicester Polytechnic (now De Montfort University) respectively. The two first met in 1986 as Fine Art students at Nottingham Trent University, became good friends through shared interests, particularly their tastes in music.

Their work features in a number of public collections, including the National Portrait Gallery, London, the Arken Museum of Modern Art, Denmark and the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York.

In 2007, they were awarded the prestigious Arken Prize, and in 2009 they received Honorary Doctorates of Art from Nottingham Trent University, their former college, in acknowledgement of their artistic achievements to date.

The artists are currently represented by BlainSouthern in London.

Work
Tim Noble and Sue Webster's work can be divided into the 'Light Works' and the 'Shadow Works', though Webster does not see them as completely separate. She says: "'We kept them both going side by side. There are two sides to the work; the shiny side and the dark side. That kind of reflects the two personalities within us.'"

The influence of music on their art, particularly punk rock, has been of great importance to them since they began their earliest collaborations: Says Noble: "'I think anything that's a bit of a rocket up the arse, anything that kicks against the routine, against the mundane things that close down your mind, is a refreshing and good thing. Punk did that very successfully ... it offered a direct and instant means of producing products or things.'"

Adds Webster: "'When we make a piece of work we're constantly looking for something that will take our breath away because if it does that to us we've pushed it as far as it will go. We like to look at every different way of making it, it can be very simple or very complicated, but we don't feel satisfied until we've both given it a good going over.'"

Sir Norman Rosenthal, the former Exhibitions Secretary of the Royal Academy, writes: "'At the most immediate and most important level, [Tim] Noble and [Sue] Webster's work symbolizes a pair of artists clearly besotted and totally in love with each other, artists who are only interested in picturing themselves: sometimes surrounded by detritus; other times by pastiches of contemporary neon advertising. An antiaesthetic of vulgarity rules on the surface of their work.'"

Shadow sculptures
The Shadow Sculptures incorporate diverse materials including household rubbish, scrap metal and taxidermy animals. By shining light onto these assemblages they are transformed into highly accurate shadow profiles of the artists.

Discussing their shadow works, Webster commented: "Our work is incredibly unsocial. There has to be complete darkness because you need to give the light and then to take it away again."

Their first shadow sculpture, 'Miss Understood and Mr Meanor', 1997 (right), came into existence through experimentation with the assemblage of personal items and domestic trash. The silhouettes are formed by lights shining on mounds of rubbish, which includes broken sunglasses and pin badges for rock bands. In this particular work the artist's heads are severed and impaled on stakes. The work was destroyed in the 2004 Momart warehouse fire, along with a number of other well-known works from the Saatchi Collection.

Through their shadow sculptures they managed to fuse the abstract and the representational, a pursuit that consumed the likes of Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning and Francis Bacon. This became even more apparent with their second major shadow sculpture, 'Dirty White Trash (with Gulls)', 1998 (left), which expanded the innovations of 'Miss Understood and Mr Meanor'. This work is composed of a new kind of self-portrait, sculpted out of six months' worth of the artists' rubbish; the remains of everything they needed to survive during the time it took to make the work. A single light source illuminates the pile of rubbish thus casting a portrait in shadow, which contrasts sharply with the materials used to create it; the artists leaning against each other, back to back, enjoying a glass of wine and a cigarette.

Jeffrey Deitch, the director of the Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art, writes: "'Dirty White Trash (with Gulls) is a confluence of beauty and filth, form and anti-form. It is a work of art made out of the process of its own conception, an embodiment of formalist logic. At the same time, it is a negation of everything that formalism stands for ... The artist is at the center of the work. It is deliberately entertaining, and revels in its own theatricality.'"

Another work, 'British Wildlife' was created after Noble's father died in 2000. Using his collection of taxidermy animals, it is an assemblage of forty-six birds, forty mammals, and two stuffed fish, including a whole swan and even the pet crow Noble kept as a child. The shadow formed by this mass of animals fittingly depicts back to back busts of the artists in a pose of grief.

In September 2000, they were invited to participate in 'Apocalypse', the Royal Academy's follow up to the infamous Sensation exhibition of 1997. For this they presented 'The Undesirables', which comprises a mountain of detritus collected from outside Tim and Sue's house with a shadow image of the artists hovering above. The appearance of a huge pile of rubbish in one of the largest galleries within the Royal Academy was intentionally radical and shocking, created to challenge viewers' assumptions about art.

In 2006, an exhibition of their work was held at the Freud Museum, entitled 'Polymorphous Perverse'. 'Black Narcissus', a sculpture made of black silicone casts of Webster's fingers and Noble's penis in various states of arousal, was placed in Sigmund Freud's study next to a bust of Freud himself. When illuminated the sculpture cast a double profile portrait of the artists, illustrating how sexuality influences our perception of reality reflecting the sexuality that Freud discovered at the core of human life. Another work, 'Scarlett', 2006 (see below video on 'External link') was a "worktable on which numerous bizarre mechanical toys are working and seemingly in the process of being made; a nightmarish setting of repressed sexual and sadomasochistic fantasies and transgressions."

Light sculptures
The light sculptures, created in tandem with their shadow investigations, are constructed out of computer sequenced light-bulbs that perpetually flash, sending out messages of, often simultaneous, love and hate. The sculptures reference the iconic pop culture symbols of Britain and America, recalling carnival shows and signage typical of working-class sea-side Britain, Piccadilly Circus, Las Vegas and Times Square.

As with almost all of their work, many of the Light Sculptures are meant to be contradictory, and to produce conflicting feelings in the viewer. This is certainly the case with their early light sculpture, 'Toxic Schizophrenia', 1997. The relentlessly flashing heart with a knife stuck through it fuses a Christian emblem with a cliché rock 'n' roll tattoo. As with the shadow sculptures, duality lies at its core; the work represents romance and pain, love and hate, friendship and alienation, negative and positive.

The same contradictions resonate at the centre of their later work, 'Sacrificial Heart', 2008, a three-dimensional rotating version of 'Toxic Schizophrenia', which, like the earlier work, is both repellent and strangely alluring. 'Toxic Schizophrenia (Hyper Version)' was their first permanent public sculpture, unveiled at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Denver, May 2009.

Contradictions and irony abound in the works exhibited at the Gagosian, Beverley Hills exhibition, 'Instant Gratification', 2001. The twenty foot long revision of their original 1997 'Forever' is inextricably linked to the artist's earlier trips to Las Vegas, playing with the traditional connotations of the word, as the constantly flashing lights reinforce the idea of 'forever'.

With 'A Pair of Dollars' they attempted to form an ironic response to the art market and art fairs, creating what Noble described as a 'vulgar' artwork, to demonstrate their annoyance with this system. However, he has since acknowledged the failure of this irony, due to the huge success of the piece.

'Puny Undernourished Kid & Girlfriend from Hell' (Puny Undernourished Kid shown left), represents another return to earlier work, as it derives from cartoon-like drawings that Noble and Webster had made of each other ten years before. These large neon figures are covered with neon tattoos of aggressive and forceful statements, clearly demonstrating the influence of punk rock on the artists.

Metal sculptures
'The Crack' (2004), is one in a series of welded metal sculptures which appear at first glance as abstract works in the tradition of David Smith and Anthony Caro, while they actually work to reverse this abstraction into figuration.

'The Crack', a vertical column-like form, is possibly the most difficult of the artists' shadow works to decipher. Instead of focusing on the usual black silhouettes cast on the wall, the viewer must instead focus on the white space around the shadow, which reveals the naked bodies of the artists facing each other. This perceptual challenge brings to mind Ernst Gombrich's discussion of perception in his famous 1960 book, 'Art and Illusion'. 'The Crack' displays at one moment an abstract shape that is perhaps reminiscent of a heroic mountain landscape by Clyfford Still, with its cracks and gullies; gradually we begin to perceive the full-length naked profiles of our friends approaching each other, nipples touching, as though they are about to make love again for the millionth time.'

The New Barbarians
In 1997, Tim Noble and Sue Webster commissioned a sculptor from Madame Tussauds to help them create a life-size sculpture of themselves as australopithecines. Called 'The New Barbarians' (left), the work is based upon a diorama at the American Museum of Natural History, New York, which shows a reconstruction of two early ancestors of the human species. The artists produced a version of these figures overlaid with their own facial features. The sculptures are installed so that they stand in isolation in an apparently infinite space. Their hairlessness evokes conflicting connotations; they could be the first humans or the last – cave people, or the survivors of a nuclear holocaust. Thus, the work continues the artist's concern with conflicting themes of impermanence and immortality. A year after beginning 'The New Barbarians' they made another version of the work, 'Masters of the Universe', 1998–2000. This uses the same sculptural model as the earlier work but is covered with hair.

Electric Fountain
The 35-foot tall 'Electric Fountain', constructed from steel, neon tubing and 3,390 LED bulbs, was exhibited at Rockefeller Plaza, New York, February 2008. 'Electric Fountain' (see 'External links' below for video clip) represents the artist's take on the world's oldest form of public art, the fountain. Said Webster: "Electric Fountain mimics the tradition of a fountain as a monument found in public squares around the world, but its magic lies in the emulation of light where water should be." The fountain can be seen as both a celebration of contemporary culture and an ambiguous comment on the nature of consumer society, embodying themes that are often present in the duo's work.

The Dirty House
In 2001, Tim Noble and Sue Webster bought a dilapidated early twentieth-century furniture factory in the East End of London, which would become their studio space. The artists commissioned David Adjaye to design the building, which he named 'The Dirty House', a reference to the medium they use in many of their works. The original brickwork was painted a dark brown, offset by two rows of window openings, and a 'floating' roof that appears to hover over the upper level of glazing and recessed decks.

In 2012, Sue purchased the Mole Man House in Hackney for $1.1 million. Previously owned by engineer William Lyttle, the house was greatly dilapidated when purchased including the roof having fallen in. Sue hired architect David Adaye who had worked on her previous house. The massive tunnel system had mostly been filled by the town council, but an enormous basement area was created for the art studio using some of the space Lyttle had tunneled out of the ground beneath the home. An enormous amount of rubble and trash had to be removed which equaled around 300 skips worth—one skip a day.

Personal lives
Noble and Webster were married on 7 June 2008. The wedding party was held on board the Queen Elizabeth, the boat that was used for the Sex Pistols' infamous 'Jubilee party'; also held on the same day as the Pistols' party, 31 years later. The service was conducted by their friend and fellow artist Tracey Emin.

It was announced on 4 January 2013, that after 20 years together, Noble and Webster were to divorce.

Selected bibliography

 * British Rubbish'' will be published by Rizzoli in Autumn 2011
 * British Rubbish'' will be published by Rizzoli in Autumn 2011
 * British Rubbish'' will be published by Rizzoli in Autumn 2011
 * British Rubbish'' will be published by Rizzoli in Autumn 2011
 * British Rubbish'' will be published by Rizzoli in Autumn 2011

title: Tim Noble and Sue Webster


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Achordants

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – ugen64 01:06, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Achordants
Artilce use with permission, however it is not encyclopedic, delete --nixie 13:28, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * College a cappella group. Although it sounds like a fun time if you're into that sort of thing, WP isn't really the place for it. Delete. Meelar (talk) 13:34, Jun 1, 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak delete. The group apparently have some notability within that scene, and have performed at Lincoln Center; I therefore take no position as to if they are notable enough. The article as it stands, however, if kept would need to be seriously rewritten in accordance with NPOV. My (weak) delete vote is therefore for the gushy unencyclopedic current article. -- Infrogmation 14:39, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Geogre's "merge and redirect suggestion below is fine by me, if the text is substantially edited/rewritten. -- Infrogmation 19:44, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect into University of North Carolina, as this is another campus singing group (along with Heels to Heaven and, um, that other one they have). (I only remember Heels to Heaven (a gospel group) because a very shy female friend pointed out that their name sounded like a sexual position.)  Geogre 15:19, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge and redirect as indicated by Geogre. Few college student groups are notable in and of themselves. --Idont Havaname 19:35, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete not an encyclopedia article. JamesBurns 11:11, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
Cherry Hill, Baltimore

Cherry Hill is one of the southernmost neighborhoods in Baltimore, Maryland.

Geography
Its southern geographic location from the city's center, bounded by the Middle Branch of the Patapsco River to the north, the river's main channel to the east, and railroad tracks, including the tracks of the Baltimore Light Rail system, to the west and Baltimore Highlands, Maryland to the south. Cherry Hill is home to Baltimore's largest public housing project, Cherry Hill Homes, with over 1000 units, private homes and several other low-income apartments throughout the community.

In 2014, Baltimore City Public Schools announced that Maritime Industries Academy, a high school in northeast Baltimore, was moving to Cherry Hill. This was done in part to revamp the Herring Run recreational center in Frankford, the school's neighborhood. Most Cherry Hill residents agreed with the decision to move the high school to the area, as they needed a high school for teenage residents to attend, so they can avoid long transportation hours. The high school moving took action for the start of the 2015–2016 school year.

Transportation
The only roads leading in or out of the neighborhood are Hanover Street, Potee Street, Cherry Hill Road and Waterview Avenue. The Maryland Transit Administration (MTA) serves the highly populated area with the need for public transportation by bus 26, 71, and the already noted Baltimore Light Rail at the Cherry Hill light rail stop located on the northwest edge of the neighborhood.

History
The Cherry Hill neighborhood was developed fairly recently in Baltimore's history. Like Armistead Gardens the community was founded as a home for African-American veterans returning from both World War II and the Korean War. In the early and mid-1900s, Cherry Hill was home to an encampment of Roma of Romanian descent. The Roma settled in Cherry Hill because it was undeveloped and on the outskirts of the city. Many of the Roma were in fortune telling and traveled up and down the East Coast, with Baltimore as a central location on the carnival circuit. Due to a series of antiziganist laws passed in the 1920s and 1930s that banned fortune-telling and required a $1,000 fee for nomads to enter the city of Baltimore, the Roma community left Cherry Hill, but soon returned because the laws were rarely enforced.

Economy
Harbor Hospital is based in the eastern edge of the neighborhood.

Cherry Hill is also home to DeBaufre Bakeries, the maker of local icon Berger Cookies.

title: Cherry Hill, Baltimore


text:
User talk:Kopcik~enwiki

Polish Wikipedians' notice board
zapraszam.--Witkacy 13:29, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Tak, z tym portalem swietny pomysl. Dodalem troche kategorii. --Witkacy 23:38, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Zmienilem równiez "Featured picture" mam nadzieje ze sie nie obrazisz :) Moze ustalimy jakies zasady, ze np co tydzien kazde okienko/kategoria moze (ale nie musi) byc zmieniana.--Witkacy 10:49, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
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title: User talk:Kopcik~enwiki


text: User talk:64.205.63.158

title: User talk:64.205.63.158


text:
Keith Ashfield

Keith John Ashfield (March 28, 1952 – April 22, 2018) was a Canadian politician. He served as the member of Parliament (MP) for the electoral district of Fredericton from 2008 to 2015 and, before that, was a member of the New Brunswick Legislature from 1999 to 2008. He served in the federal cabinet in various capacities from 2008 to 2013.

Early life
The son of Jack Ashfield and Nora Locke, he studied Business at the University of New Brunswick for two years.

Provincial
Ashfield was a school trustee for a number of years and was first a candidate for the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick in the 1991 election. A Progressive Conservative, Ashfield placed third with Confederation of Regions candidate Max White being victorious.

Ashfield was again a candidate in 1999 and was successful, defeating cabinet minister Joan Kingston in the riding of New Maryland. He was named deputy speaker of the Legislature. Ashfield faced Kingston again in 2003 and won again though by a closer margin. He was sworn in as Minister of Natural Resources & Energy on June 27, 2003. He was elected to a third term in 2006 in the redistributed district of New Maryland-Sunbury West, however he left the cabinet as his party formed the opposition following the election.

On March 6, 2018, Ashfield ran for the Progressive Conservative nomination in Oromocto-Lincoln-Fredericton. The nomination ultimately went to Mary Wilson.

Federal
On November 7, 2007, he won the nomination to be the candidate of the Conservative Party of Canada in Fredericton for the next federal election. When the election was called, he resigned his provincial seat. He was elected in the 2008 federal election and re-elected in the 2011 federal election. Ashfield was appointed Minister of Fisheries and Oceans on May 18, 2011.

Ashfield co-chaired the annual meeting of the Canadian Council of Fisheries and Aquaculture Ministers (CCFAM) in Victoria, British Columbia in 2012. Ministers discussed a range of issues such as aquaculture, aquatic invasive species, and protecting Canada's fisheries.

In March 2013, Ashfield faced criticism for a photo-op during which he remarked to the teenage daughter of a constituent, "Grace, you’re a great cook. You’re going to make a wonderful wife for somebody." Later that year, he was replaced as Minister of Fisheries and Oceans, and left the Cabinet.

He was defeated in the 2015 federal election.

Personal life and death
In October 2012, Ashfield had a heart attack and temporarily gave his role to then National Revenue Minister Gail Shea. In June 2013, Ashfield announced he had been diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma. When he declared his candidacy for the 2015 Canadian federal election, he had beaten his cancer that had returned in Fall 2014.

The Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick officially announced Keith Ashfield's death in the early afternoon of April 22, 2018.

title: Keith Ashfield


text:
Arcul de Triumf

Arcul de Triumf (Romanian; "The Triumphal Arch") is a triumphal arch located on the Kiseleff Road, in the northern part of Bucharest, Romania. The monument, designed by Petre Antonescu, was built in 1921–22, renovated in 1935–36, and renovated again starting in 2014. It commemorates Romania's victory in the First World War and the coronation of King Ferdinand and his wife Marie.

History
The first, wooden, triumphal arch was built hurriedly, after Romania gained its independence (1878), so that the victorious troops could march under it. Another arch with concrete skeleton and plaster exterior of elaborate sculptures and decoration designed by the architect Petre Antonescu was built on the same site after World War I in 1922. The arch exterior, which had seriously decayed, was replaced in 1935 by the current much more sober neoclassical design, more closely modelled on the Arc de Triomphe in Paris. The new arch, also designed by Antonescu and executed in stone, was inaugurated on 1 December 1936.

Nowadays, Arcul de Triumf is one of the well-known symbols of the Romanian capital. Military parades are held beneath the arch each 1 December, with the occasion of Romanian National Day.

Description and surroundings
Arcul de Triumf has a height of 27 m. It has as its foundation a 25 by rectangle. The sculptures with which the facades are decorated were created by famous Romanian sculptors such as Ion Jalea and Dimitrie Paciurea.

Elisabeta Palace, the current residence of the Romanian Royal Family, is located near Arcul de Triumf, in Herăstrău Park.

title: Arcul de Triumf


text:
Order of Glory

The Order of Glory (Орден Славы) was a military decoration of the Soviet Union established by Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet on November 8, 1943. It was awarded to soldiers and non-commissioned officers of the Red Army as well as to aviation junior lieutenants, for bravery in the face of the enemy.

While the overwhelming majority of all Order of Glory awards was for combat valor in the Second World War (or the Great Patriotic War as it is known in Russia and some other post-Soviet states), there are documented instances of awards of the order's lowest class - its third class - for post-war Soviet military operations. Numbering among these were Order of Glory Third Class awards authorized for Soviet operations in support of the Korean War from 1950 to 1953 as well as for the Soviet invasion of Hungary in the fall of 1956. A small number of Order of Glory Third Class awards was also made in connection with armed border clashes with the People's Republic of China in 1969.

The order became defunct with the dissolution of the Soviet Union. In 1992, the Cross of St. George was revived to serve the same purpose of recognizing enlisted personnel bravery.

Award statute
The original statute from the 1943 decree establishing the Order stated that: "the Order of Glory is awarded to privates and sergeants of the Red Army, and to aviation junior lieutenants, who displayed glorious feats of bravery, courage and fearlessness in combat for the Soviet Motherland."

The Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 7, 1951 amended the ranks to read: "privates, corporals and sergeants as well as aviation junior lieutenants."

The Order of Glory, which was modelled closely after the Tsarist Cross of St. George, was divided into three distinct classes. Like the Cross of St. George, a soldier would initially be recommended for the order's lowest class - in the case of the Order of Glory its third class. Subsequent distinct acts of valor could result in the soldier being recommended for the order's two remaining classes - its second and first class - which were awarded sequentially. Soldiers who received each of the order's three classes were referred to as a "Full Cavalier of the Order of Glory" ("полный кавалер ордена Славы"). In Soviet society they were accorded the same rights and privileges as those granted to personnel who had received the Hero of the Soviet Union title. All told, 2,656 Red Army soldiers (including four men who were also awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union title as well as four women) would attain Full Cavalier status.

The Order of Glory was worn on the left side of the chest. In the presence of other USSR orders and medals it was worn immediately after the Order of the Badge of Honor. If worn in the presence of awards of the Russian Federation, the latter have precedence.

Award criteria
Below are the specific award criteria for both ground troops and aviators.

For ground troops

 * For leading the initial strike into an enemy position, and personal courage that contributed to the success of the common cause;
 * For pressing on an attack in a burning tank;
 * For saving the banner from capture by the enemy in a moment of grave danger;
 * For displayed marksmanship in the killing of from 10 to 50 enemy soldiers and officers using personal weapons;
 * For the destruction of at least 2 enemy tanks while manning an anti tank gun;
 * For the destruction of between 1 and 3 enemy tanks with hand grenades on the field of battle or behind enemy lines;
 * For the destruction of at least 3 enemy aircraft with artillery or machine gun fire;
 * For despising danger by being the first to burst into an enemy bunker (bunker, trench or dugout), for decisive actions that destroyed its occupants;
 * For leading our troops in the enemy's rear through weaknesses in his defences found as a result of personal reconnaissance;
 * For personally capturing an enemy officer;
 * For night watch action resulting in an enemy death or capture;
 * For displayed ingenuity and boldness in making one's way to the enemy position and destroying his machine gun or mortar;
 * For participation in a night raid, destroying enemy military stores and property;
 * For risking one's life while saving one's commander from imminent danger in battle;
 * For showing neglect for personal danger in the capture of an enemy banner in battle;
 * For being seriously wounded but returning to the battle after minimal medical care;
 * For downing an enemy aircraft with personal weapons;
 * For destroying enemy weapons and positions with accurate artillery or mortar fire ensuring the success of the mission;
 * For making a passage through the enemy's barbed-wire entanglements while under fire;
 * For selflessness in the rescue of the wounded during battle;
 * For carrying on in a mission in a tank with a defective main gun;
 * For quickly smashing a tank into an enemy convoy and carrying on with the mission after its destruction;
 * For crushing with one's tank one or more enemy guns or destroying at least two machine gun nests;
 * For gathering valuable intelligence from the enemy while on reconnaissance;

For aviators

 * Fighter pilot – For downing between 2 and 4 enemy fighters or 3 to 6 enemy bombers.
 * Fighter pilot – For a successful air attack that resulted in between 2 and 5 destroyed enemy tanks, or from 3 to 6 locomotives, or the destruction of an entire train, or the destruction of at least 2 enemy aircraft on their airfield.
 * Fighter pilot – For bold actions in an air battle resulting in the destruction of one or two enemy aircraft.
 * Day bomber crews – For the destruction of a railway station or marshalling yard, a bridge, ammunition dump, fuel stores, enemy headquarters or troop compound, power station, sunk enemy vessel, naval transport, launch, at least 2 enemy aircraft on their airfield.
 * Day bomber crews – Bold action in aerial combat resulting 1 or 2 enemy planes shot down.
 * Night light bomber crews – For the destruction of an ammunition dump, fuel stores, enemy headquarters, an entire train, a bridge.
 * Long-range night bomber crews – For the destruction of a railway station or marshalling yard, ammunition dump, fuel stores, port facilities, naval transports, an entire train, an important plant or factory.
 * Reconnaissance – For a highly successful reconnaissance mission which resulted in valuable intelligence about the enemy.

Award description
The badge of the "Order of Glory" was a five-pointed star with a central medallion. The order's first class was made of 950 (23 karat) gold; the order's second class was made of silver with a gilt central medallion and the order's third class was made entirely of silver. The central medallion featured the Spasskaya Tower of the Kremlin, with a red enamelled five-pointed star at its top and a red enamelled scroll at the bottom bearing the word "GLORY" (СЛАВА). Laurel branches on each side along the medal circumference stopped just short of the red star. The reverse had the Cyrillic inscription for "USSR" (СССР) within a ring with a raised rim. The award serial number was either stamped (first class awards) or engraved above the ring on the reverse of the star's upper arm. The Order is suspended by a ring through the award's suspension loop to a standard Russian pentagonal mount covered by a 24mm-wide silk moiré ribbon of St George.

Recipients (partial list)
The individuals below were recipients of the Order of Glory.

Full Cavaliers (all 3 classes)

 * Seitnebi Abduramanov
 * Ivan Drachenko
 * Pavel Dubinda
 * Duda Enginoev
 * Matrena Necheporchukova
 * Nina Pavlovna Petrova
 * Danutė Stanelienė
 * Nasibulla Velilayev
 * Nadezhda Zhurkina

Recipients of the 2nd and 3rd classes

 * Kanti Abdurakhmanov
 * Yevgeny Chuikov
 * Agadadash Samedov
 * Roza Shanina
 * Heinrich Schultz

Recipients of the 3rd class

 * Talgat Bigeldinov
 * Genri Koptev-Gomolov
 * Oles Honchar
 * Mirza Jabiyev
 * Yusif Mammadaliyev
 * Mikhail Mikhalkov
 * Sergey Osipov
 * Mikhail Tanich
 * Vladimir Teplyakov
 * US Army Sgt. Max Thompson
 * Ivan Varichev
 * Vladimir Igorovich Skarzhinsky

title: Order of Glory


text:
Rheme

Rheme may refer to:

 * In semiotics, a sign that represents its object with respect to quality; see
 * In linguistics, what is being said about a topic; see Theme–rheme

title: Rheme


text:
Talk:Troms

Roads in Troms county are not poorly maintained. Quite the contrary in fact. All roads have asphalt and are kept open 24/7 throughout the year. Whoever wrote the piece on Troms is poorly informed.

"Because many of the roads are poorly maintained, much communication is done by boat and air services." - Well, some communication is done by boat, travelling between the three biggest towns especially. This is because it's faster than driving, not because of poorly maintained roads... Airservices exists (Harstad-Tromsø and Nordreisa-Tromsø), but it is not a very popular way of communication. People would rather drive on our "poorly maintained roads" :)

Agree, the section about poorly maintained roads is strange, that was the case in the past, not now. Might be written by someone visiting Troms back then? I want to remove that sentence. Orcaborealis 09:01, 25 November 2005 (UTC)

Saami
How many saami are there?--Kaiyr (talk) 12:21, 25 September 2013 (UTC)
 * As far as I know, there is no official number of Sami people in Troms, except for samemanntallet (the Sami census), which is self-selected and therefore probably gives a much smaller number than what is real. - Soulkeeper (talk) 15:33, 25 August 2014 (UTC)

Demonym
Not sure if "tromsværing" is good. The demonym is very easily confused with tromsøværing, and not used much, if at all. I have heard "tromsing", but that is not used much either, probably because it's so close to "tomsing" (nitwit) that people don't want to use the word about themselves. Actually I don't think there exists a generally accepted, widespread demonym for people from Troms. "Nordlending" is used as a common demonym for all people from Nordland, Troms and Finnmark (although Finnmark has its own demonym, finnmarking), but on the other hand, Nordlending can also be considered to primarily refer to people from Nordland... Another point about "tromsværing": A vær is a fishing village. Tromsø used to be one, so calling someone from Tromsø a "-væring" is appropriate. Troms, on the other hand, is a county, and has never been a vær. As the demonym statement is unsourced, I will remove it from the article. - Soulkeeper (talk) 16:01, 25 August 2014 (UTC)

 * Source. BTW Soulkeeper, I believe you are wrong about "-væring" being related to "(fiske)vær"; cf. the source I just provided. Nording (talk) 12:36, 29 August 2014 (UTC)
 * Interesting. I looked it up in the etymologic dictionary Våre arveord, and it does indeed seem like -væring is related to the demonym suffix "-vær", not the village suffix "-vær". However, I found this snippet from Maal og Minne, that suggests that the suffix "-væring" is only used for people coming from places that end with a vocal. (*angsværing flies in the face of that, though...) Oh well, I give up for now. If I get hold of a linguist who knows something about this, I may or may not be back. :) - Soulkeeper (talk) 22:49, 12 October 2014 (UTC)

Municipality map
Shouldn't the municipality map change "25" to "24" to comply with the map legend? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.51.7.136 (talk) 08:23, 6 June 2017 (UTC)

Why is the link to the Somalian Wikipedia version of this article redirect to the Somalian "God" article?
Just wondering. Nicolas Perrault (talk) 12:16, 19 March 2018 (UTC)
 * I deleted it on WikiData. Nicolas Perrault (talk) 12:18, 19 March 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Troms


text:
Roborior

Roborior is a robot manufactured by the robotics company Tmsuk and marketed by Sanyo. It is used both for lighting and guarding homes. Roborior is roughly the size of a watermelon and can produce different hues of color ranging from blue, purple, and orange. The Roborior is also equipped with a digital video camera that can stream live video directly to the owner's cell phone if it detects an intruder. The Roborior can be controlled remotely with a hand set, much like a Remote control vehicle, as well. It was introduced in Japan in late 2005 and was priced at 280,000 Japanese yen. The name is a portmanteau of robot and interior.

title: Roborior


text:
File:7 madness album.jpg

Summary
Cover of the Madness album, 7

Licensing
===fair use in 7 (Madness album)===
 * 1) It is a low resolution copy of a vinyl album cover.
 * 2) It does not limit the copyright owner's rights to sell the vinyl album in any way.
 * 3) Copies could not be used to make illegal copies of the album artwork on another CD.
 * 4) No free alternative

title: File:7 madness album.jpg


text:
Tommy Aaron

Thomas Dean Aaron (born February 22, 1937) is an American former professional golfer who was a member of the PGA Tour during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. Aaron is best known for winning the 1973 Masters Tournament. He is also known for an error in the 1968 Masters Tournament, when he entered a 4 instead of a 3 on Roberto De Vicenzo's scorecard, which kept De Vicenzo out of a playoff for the tournament.

Early years
Thomas Dean Aaron was born on February 22, 1937, in Gainesville, Georgia. He began playing golf at age 12 and won two Georgia Amateur titles, two Southeastern Amateur events and two Georgia Open crowns, despite not having a golf course in his hometown.

College career
Aaron attended the University of Florida, where he was a member of the Kappa Alpha Order Fraternity (Beta Zeta Chapter). While he was a Florida student, he played for the Florida Gators men's golf team from 1956 to 1959, was a member of the Gators' 1956 Southeastern Conference (SEC) championship team, and won the individual SEC championship in 1957 and 1958. He lost the U.S. Amateur final to Charles Coe in 1958, was a member of the 1959 Walker Cup team, and won the Western Amateur in 1960. He was recognized as an All-American in 1958 and 1959. Aaron graduated from the University of Florida with a bachelor's degree in business administration in 1960, and was later inducted into the University of Florida Athletic Hall of Fame as a "Gator Great."

Professional career
Aaron turned pro in 1960. His first professional victory came at the 1969 Canadian Open. Although the event is historically considered a PGA Tour event, it was not that year. The following year he gained his first PGA Tour victory at the Atlanta Classic. In 1972, he won the Trophée Lancôme in France. Aaron's best money year was 1972, when he finished in ninth place on the PGA Tour money list.

Aaron won the Masters Tournament in 1973, which was his one major championship. He also finished in the top ten at the Masters from 1967 to 1970. His only other top ten major championship finishes came at the PGA Championship in 1965 and 1972. In 2000, he made the cut at the Masters at the age of 63, breaking a record previously held by Gary Player.

Aaron played for the U.S. team in the Ryder Cup in 1969 and 1973, and had a record of one win, one tie and four losses.

In the 1980s and 1990s, Aaron played on the Senior PGA Tour, winning $3,646,302. The 1992 Kaanapali Classic was his last professional win.

Aaron was a student of golf instructor Manuel de la Torre.

Aaron is also known for being the playing partner of Argentinian Roberto De Vicenzo for the final round of the 1968 Masters Tournament. On the seventeenth hole, Aaron incorrectly recorded a par 4 on De Vicenzo's scorecard, when his partner had actually scored a birdie 3 for the hole. Because De Vicenzo signed the scorecard without correcting the error, PGA rules required him to stand by the incorrect, higher score. Instead of a De Vicenzo–Bob Goalby playoff for the green jacket, Goalby won the tournament outright due to the technicality.

Ironically, Aaron's 4th round playing partner at the 1973 Masters, Johnny Miller, recorded a higher score when keeping Aaron's card. Aaron caught the mistake.

Aaron was inducted into the Georgia Sports Hall of Fame in 1980, and the Georgia Golf Hall of Fame in 1989.

Amateur wins (8)

 * 1957 SEC Championship (individual), Georgia Amateur
 * 1958 SEC Championship (individual), Southeastern Amateur
 * 1959 Sunnehanna Amateur
 * 1960 Western Amateur, Georgia Amateur, Southeastern Amateur

PGA Tour wins (2)
PGA Tour playoff record (0–4)

Other wins (6)

 * 1957 Georgia Open (as an amateur)
 * 1960 Georgia Open
 * 1969 Canadian Open
 * 1972 Trophée Lancôme, ABC Japan vs USA Golf Matches
 * 1975 Georgia Open

Senior PGA Tour wins (1)
Senior PGA Tour playoff record (0–2)

Results timeline
Amateur

Professional

{{legend|lime|Win}} {{legend|yellow|Top 10}} {{legend|#eeeeee|Did not play}} CUT = missed the halfway cut WD = withdrew R256, R128, R64, R32, R16, QF, SF = Round in which player lost in match play "T" indicates a tie for a place.

Source for The Masters: www.masters.com

Source for U.S. Open and U.S. Amateur: USGA Championship Database

Source for The British Open: www.opengolf.com

Source for PGA Championship: PGA Championship Media Guide

Source for 1959 British Amateur: The Glasgow Herald, May 26, 1959, p. 6.

Results in senior majors
Results may not be in chronological order

Note: The Senior British Open Championship did not become a major until 2003. NYF = Tournament not yet founded DNP = did not play CUT = missed the halfway cut WD = withdrew DQ = disqualified "T" indicates a tie for a place Yellow background for top-10.

U.S. national team appearances
Amateur
 * Walker Cup: 1959 (winners)

Professional
 * Ryder Cup: 1969 (tie, cup retained), 1973 (winners)

title: Tommy Aaron