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Bob Bryan

Robert "Bob" Charles Bryan (born April 29, 1978) is an American former doubles world No. 1 tennis player. He won 23 major titles: 16 in men's doubles and 7 in mixed doubles. He turned professional in 1998. With his twin brother Mike, he was the world No. 1 doubles player for several years, first achieving the top ranking in September 2003. The brothers were named the ATP Team of the Decade for 2000–2009. They became the second men's doubles team to complete the career Golden Slam at the 2012 London Olympics.

The Bryan twins retired in August 2020. In their final two tournaments, the Bryan brothers successfully defended their title in Delray Beach, also winning the decisive rubber match in a U.S. Davis Cup tie in Honolulu.

Doubles records

 * 16 Grand Slams (Open Era)
 * 30 Grand Slam men's doubles finals
 * 10-time ITF World Champions
 * 116 ATP Titles and 169 ATP Finals
 * 439 weeks at #1
 * 1000+ team match wins
 * 10 consecutive years of winning at least 1 Grand Slam
 * 11 time ATP Fans' Favorite Doubles Team and ATP Team of the Decade
 * "Bryan Golden Slam" (only team to simultaneously hold all Grand Slam titles and an Olympic gold medal)
 * 7 consecutive Grand Slam finals (2005 Australian–2006 Wimbledon)
 * 39 Masters 1000 titles
 * "Career Golden Masters" (alongside Daniel Nestor only other players in history to win all nine Masters 1000 events)

Junior
He finished the year as the no. 1 ranked singles player in the nation in 1998 after winning the clay court nationals and reaching the finals of Kalamazoo. The brothers were back-to-back Kalamazoo doubles champions in 1995 and 1996 and won the US Open Junior doubles title in 1996.

College
He played for Stanford University in 1997 and 1998, where he helped the Cardinal win back-to-back NCAA team championships. In 1998, he won the "Triple Crown" by taking the NCAA singles, doubles (with his twin brother Mike), and team titles. He was the first man to accomplish this since Stanford's Alex O'Brien did it in 1992.

ATP Tour
With his twin brother Mike (who is the older by two minutes), Bryan has won 116 doubles titles, including sixteen Grand Slam titles. In 2005, the Bryan brothers made it to the finals of all four Grand Slam tournaments, only the second time a men's doubles team has done this during the open era. In 2006, the Bryan brothers won Wimbledon and the Australian Open and completed a Career Grand Slam. Having won the 2012 US Open, they followed up by winning the first three majors of 2013, and thus held all four titles at once. They could not complete the calendar year Grand Slam, however, as they lost in the semi-finals of the 2013 US Open.

The twins have been the year-ending top-ranked team ten times: in 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, and then each year from 2009 to 2014 inclusive.

The Bryan brothers have been frequent participants on U.S. Davis Cup teams. The United States sealed its 32nd title at the 2007 Davis Cup.

In the 2018 Madrid Masters 1000 final, Bryan injured his hip, and the pair had to retire down 3–5 in the first set. He underwent a hip relining and made a remarkable recovery, rejoining his brother less than a year later for the 2019 Australian Open and making it to the quarterfinals. They won their first title since his surgery in February 2019 at Delray Beach.

World TeamTennis
Both brothers kicked off their World TeamTennis careers back in 1999 for the Idaho Sneakers. They went on to play for the Newport Beach Breakers in 2004, the Kansas City Explorers from 2005 to 2012, the Texas Wild in 2013, the San Diego Aviators in 2014, the California Dream in 2015, the Washington Kastles from 2016 to 2018, and most recently the Vegas Rollers in 2019. They have two World TeamTennis titles, one from the Newport Beach Breakers in 2004, and another from the Kansas City Explorers in 2010. It was announced that Bryan, along with Mike, will be joining the Vegas Rollers during the 2020 WTT season set to begin July 12 at The Greenbrier.

Personal life
Bryan married Florida attorney Michelle Alvarez in 2010; the couple have three children.

Davis Cup record (26–5)
Together with his twin brother Mike Bryan, the pair has won the most Davis Cup matches of any doubles team for the United States. Bryan holds the record for most years played (14) in the Davis Cup for the U.S. He also holds a 4–2 career record in singles ties.

Men's doubles: 30 (16–14)
By winning the 2006 Wimbledon title, Bryan completed the men's doubles Career Grand Slam. He became the 19th individual player and, with Mike Bryan, the 7th doubles pair to achieve this.

Grand Slam seedings
The tournaments won by Bryan are in boldface, and advances into finals by Bryan are in 	italics.

title: Bob Bryan


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State forest

A state forest or national forest is a forest that is administered or protected by a sovereign or federated state, or territory.

Background
State forests are forests that are administered or protected by some agency of a sovereign or federated state, or territory. The precise application of the terms vary by jurisdiction. For example:
 * In Australia, a state forest is a forest that is protected by state laws, rather than by the Government of Australia.
 * In Austria, the state forests are managed by the Austrian State Forestry Commission
 * In Brazil, a national forest is a protected area for sustainability
 * In Canada, provinces administer provincial forests
 * In France, a national forest is a forest owned by the French state
 * In Germany, state forests are either federal forest called the Bundesforst, which is controlled by the Institute for Federal Real Estate (Bundesforstverwaltung), or forest of the Länder called Landesforste
 * In Iceland, forests managed by the Icelandic Forest Service are classified as national forests.
 * In New Zealand, a state forest is a forest that is controlled by the Ministry for Primary Industries.
 * In Poland, state-owned forests are managed by the State Forests agency
 * In the United Kingdom, a state forest is any forest (usually plantations) owned and managed by the Forestry Commission. England also has The National Forest project
 * In the United States, a state forest is a forest owned by one of the individual states while a national forest is owned by the federal government

Purposes
The purpose of a state forest varies between countries and the quality of the landscape it covers. In many places, state forests are divided into land for logging plantations, area for conservation, area for livestock grazing, and area for visitor recreation. As an example, in the state of California, the Redwood National and State Parks are a string of protected forests, beaches, and grasslands along Northern California's coast; these are owned by both the U.S. federal government and the State of California.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: State forest


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Graphic-analytical method

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. Eugene van der Pijll 18:11, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Graphic-analytical method
This "method" is a non-notable invention of the author (Valentyn Stetsiuk), who appears to have no academic credentials and to be the only person to have used it. Judging by his page, it doesn't even get plausible results. Delete. Mustafaa 17:55, 30 May 2005 (UTC)

About the author: http://cf.linguistlist.org/cfdocs/new-website/LL-WorkingDirs/people/personal/get-personal-page2.cfm?PersonID=8280

Delete. Non-notable, spurious. The author did not realize that Wikipedia is not the place to submit such material. It is a personal method of his own devising (no original research policy), and it does not seem to be clearly formulated or expressed. He also has no credentials in the field that I know of. The key issue here though is not even his lack of credentials: the article itself is spurious. Decius 17:13, 31 May 2005 (UTC)

This is also self-promotion, since this is his own personal method (the aforementioned Valentyn wrote this article himself). Decius 17:28, 31 May 2005 (UTC) Not each true is plausible. It is not plausible, but the Earth moves around the Sun, not the Sun does.
 * Delete. If printed in a peer-reviewed journal (not very difficult, nowadays), I'll opt for recreation, until then, this is internet kookery. dab (ᛏ) 17:36, 31 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. When the only reference is a geocities page, the subject is in trouble.  Quale 05:50, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. original research. or, in this case, 'research'.Hornplease 20:03, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)

This method hepls to understand the nature of rhotacism and zetacism.
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Mike Bryan

Michael Carl Bryan (born April 29, 1978) is an American former doubles world No. 1 tennis player. With his twin brother Bob, he was the world's top doubles player for more than nine years, first achieving the top ranking in September 2003. They became the second men's doubles team to complete the career Golden Slam by winning the 2012 London Olympics. Bryan holds the records for the most major men's doubles titles at 18, the most ATP Tour men's doubles titles (123), and the most weeks (506) ranked as the doubles world No. 1. He won all but five of his doubles titles with his brother; partnering Jack Sock, he won two majors and the year-end championship in 2018, as well as the 2018 ATP World Tour Fans' Favorite Doubles Team.

College
Bryan played for Stanford University in 1997 and 1998, where he helped the Cardinal win back-to-back NCAA team championships. In 1998, he won the NCAA doubles title with his twin brother Bob.

Professional
Together with his twin brother Bob, he has been very successful in doubles. They have won 119 doubles titles (winning their record-setting 86th title at the 2013 BNP Paribas Open in California, USA) including a record 16 Grand Slam titles. In 2005, he and Bob made it to the finals of all four Grand Slam tournaments, only the second time such a feat has been achieved in the Open era. The Bryan Brothers have been ranked No. 1 in the ATP. Due to their success, they have been nicknamed The Wonder Twins after a fictional comic book duo.

During the 2018 Madrid Open, Bob injured his hip and subsequently had season ending surgery. In his brother's absence, Bryan partnered with several other players, namely Sam Querrey at Roland Garros, Jack Sock at Queen's, Wimbledon and the US Open, Ryan Harrison during the Davis Cup, and with James Cerretani, Frances Tiafoe and Édouard Roger-Vasselin at other tour events.

World TeamTennis
Both brothers kicked off their World TeamTennis careers back in 1999 for the Idaho Sneakers. They went on to play for the Newport Beach Breakers in 2004, the Kansas City Explorers from 2005 to 2012, the Texas Wild in 2013, the San Diego Aviators in 2014, the California Dream in 2015, the Washington Kastles from 2016 to 2018, and most recently the Vegas Rollers in 2019. They have two World TeamTennis titles, one from the Newport Beach Breakers in 2004, and another from the Kansas City Explorers in 2010. It was announced that Bryan, along with twin brother Bob, will be joining the Vegas Rollers during the 2020 WTT season set to begin July 12 at The Greenbrier.

Davis Cup record (28–5)
Together with his twin brother Bob Bryan, the pair has won the most Davis Cup matches of any team in doubles for the United States. Bryan also owns U.S. Davis Cup records with 27 individual doubles wins and 32 ties played.

Doubles: 32 (18 titles, 14 runner-ups)
By winning the 2006 Wimbledon title, Bryan completed the men's doubles Career Grand Slam. He became the 19th individual player and, with Bob Bryan, the seventh doubles pair to achieve this. In 2012, by winning the Olympic gold medal, along with his brother, Bryan completed the career "Golden Slam", as did Bob. They are the only team that has ever accomplished this.

Grand Slam seedings
The tournaments won by Bryan are in boldface, and advances into finals by Bryan are in 	italics	.

Personal life
Bryan is married to Nadia née Murgašová, who is from Trenčín, Slovakia. The couple resides in Florida, and together they have a son. The family shares a summer residence in Trenčín, sharing the street with Stanley Cup winners Marián Hossa, Marián Gáborík and Zdeno Chára.

title: Mike Bryan


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Talk:Pontiac Parisienne

This article is somewhat inaccurate, as it implies that the Parisienne name was only used from 1977. But the name was commonly used by Pontiac in Canada well before then. Anyone know the full story? —Morven 17:55, May 30, 2005 (UTC)

 * I think I can add some info here.
 * The name was originaly given to a Pontiac Concept Car,a 1953 Motorama car,I believe.
 * In 1958,Parisienne became the top line model in Canada.
 * Then in 1966 Grande Parisienne became the top line Canadian nameplate.
 * It was the equivalent of the Grand Prix in the U.S.A. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 199.42.80.225 (talk • contribs).

There are even more errors now! While a concept car labelled "Parisienne" is widely reported to have appeared at the 1953 Motorama auto show, the name was first used in Canada to label a subseries, a "luxury" trim level, of the 1957 Pontiac Laurentian, in unison with the "Impala" being a trim of the 1957 Chevrolet Bel Air. In 1958 the Parisienne became a unique series at the top of the model range, with the Laurentian mid-range, and the Strato Chief at the bottom, in lock step with Chevrolet's Impala, Bel Air and Biscayne series.

In fact Canadian Pontiacs were assembled at the same Oshawa, Ontario assembly plant as the B Platform Chevrolets, and matched the latter's models throughout the sixties. There were few exceptions, one of them being the introduction of the Chevrolet "Caprice" as a trim level mid-year 1965. The matching Canadian model, the Pontiac "Grande Parisienne" although directly corresponding with the Caprice, was not introduced until 1966 when, like the Caprice, was a separate series at the top of the Canadian Pontiac model offerings. Remember, it shared the same Chevrolet B Platform, was assembled at the same Oshawa plant, had the same drivetrian, frame, suspension components, etc. So the Grande Parisienne was not "bigger" than the the less expensive Parisienne, Laurentian and Strato Chief models as reported above. But it was unique in that it borrowed some styling and trim features from American Pontiacs. For example, in 1966 the Grande Parisienne had the same front parking lamps/turn signals and concave rear window as the US Grand Prix. But that's where the similarities end. The American Pontiacs including the Grand Prix didn't use Chevrolet drivetrains, dimensions and identical model ranges. And until exported to the US in the 1980s they were assembled at different plants by PMD, Pontiac Motor Division, never by GM of Canada in Oshawa.

Interestingly, Canadian Pontiac trim levels and styling were created in design studios in Detroit, not by GM of Canada which introduced, assembled, and distributed to Canadian dealerships Canadian Pontiacs. Of course over the years while there were vast similarities between the Chevrolet and Canadian Pontiacs, there were many complexities in what was available, when and with which series. For example, Chevrolet offered a "bubble top" roof line, carried over from previous years, on it's Bel Air 2 door hardtop model. But the corresponding Pontiac Laurentian 2 door hardtop used the same "convertible look" creased rear roof line as the Parisienne, Impala and other full size GM models. Also, while the "Super Sport" was available as a trim option on the Chevrolet Impala beginning in 1961, the parallel Pontiac "Custom Sport" was unavailable until, like the Chevrolet "Super Sport" became, an unique series in 1964. Both were similarly equipped with Pontiac oddly getting an US Pontiac type "see through" section of the steering wheel rim.

Moreover, Canadian Pontiacs were rebadged Chevrolets with downsized American Pontiac outer body panels to fit the same GM B Platform. It wasn't the first time, nor the last, that American models were modified to fit Canadian demographics and unique marketplace. Offering highly desirable Pontiac styling with Chevrolet durability and reliability at an inexpensive price, they were tremendously successful traditionally ranking 3rd place in auto sales. It wasn't so much import duties of American components that necessitated the use of Chevrolet platforms, after all, the US-Canada Autopact in the early 60s changed all that. It was marketing and cost/profit of a vehicle that would appeal to Canadian buyers that made the Canadian Pontiac unique.

Finally, Pontiac dealers offered other unique Pontiac models that were rebadged and styled Chevrolet models, among them, the Pontiac "Acadian" that was a reskinned Chevy 11, then a Tempest styled duplicate of the Chevrolet Chevelle/Malibu. Using the same formula used with full size models, these Canadian Pontiacs used corresponding Chevy frames, drivetrains and components. And were highly successful. --Tommyhorse 17:01, 17 October 2007 (UTC) --Tommyhorse 17:00, 17 October 2007 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by Tommyhorse (talk • contribs) 16:53, 17 October 2007 (UTC)

If I recall correctly, Pontiac dealers in Canada sold the US (or as people would say "real") Pontiacs alongside Canadian Pontiacs, giving buyers a very wide choice under the Pontiac name. The B-Body platform was shared between Chevrolet, Pontiac, Oldsmobile 88 and Buick LeSabre/Wildcat, whereas the C-Body platform was shared between the Oldsmobile 98, Buick Electra and Cadillacs of the day.

The Parisienne was introduced to the US market for the following reasons:

1.In the years following the 1977 downsizing of GM's full-size cars, some of the distinctions between the various GM offerings began to be eroded, and sales of these cars took a steep drop in 1980. Pontiac in the US killed off the full-size Catalina/Bonneville after 1981, with the LeMans sedan/wagon becoming a Bonneville. Pontiac's own V8 engines died at that point too- thereby eroding one of the most significant differences between Pontiacs and Chevrolet-based Canadian Pontiacs anyway.

2.By 1983 the automotive climate began to change, and there were signs that traditional full-size cars were coming back into demand. Pontiac I believe faced a potential backlash from its US dealers over the lack of such a car in their lineup, thereby resulting in the Parisienne being introduced to the US market for the first time.

3.Pontiac's own sales had been in decline following their 60s heyday, and the introduction of the Parisienne played some role in turning its fortunes around in the 1980s (the 6000 and Grand Am were other key players in this). Some have also noted that GM's conversion of most of its full-sizers to FWD in '85-'86 was mistimed, due to the drop in fuel prices bringing traditional big cars bck into vogue. The redesigned quartet of Seville, Eldorado, Toronado and Riviera introduced in '86 was consequently a major league flop. Everton4Life (talk) 07:08, 13 August 2008 (UTC)

Parisienne Wagon
My parents had a Parisienne wagon (it wasn't called Safari or anything like that, just Parisienne). It was freaking huge and the third row of seats faced backwards for some reason. It looked sort of like this, which says its from 1984. I don't see it mentioned here so if anyone knows what the story is behind it, that would be good to point out in the article. Recury 03:58, 8 May 2006 (UTC)

I currently have a vehicle that sounds like the one you're talking about. It's a 1986 Pontiac Parisienne Station wagon with the Safari badge on it. It's white with the "wood panel" decal on the side. It also has the third row seat that faces backwards like the one you speak about. Mine has 270 000+ kilometers on the original 305 cu. in. engine, which still carries this 4500 pound/17 foot wagon fast enough to "wrap" the spedometer past the 90 mph mark, although 60 mph seems to be the best gas mileage. And yes, it is huge, so much so that i've offered some people with new cars a ride and "we'll just load your car in the back..."

2 door
you said: "No two-door models were offered for the American market, although a coupe version was available in Canada from 1982-83."

and i own a 1979 canadian 2 door model http://i18.photobucket.com/albums/b125/magicienbuzz/100_0400.jpg so your information is incorrect —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 24.202.172.11 (talk • contribs).

 * To the above anon editor (please sign remarks with four tildes (~)): Part of the inaccuracy may have been cleared up by inserting "United States" in place of "American" (although oftentimes, "American" is understood by many to mean "United States"). Briguy52748 23:02, 27 November 2006 (UTC)]]

 * the years are still incorrect my car is a 1979 and u said from 1982-83.

 * if you ask my what i think of this car...awesome never break built to last, cheap insurance, living room on wheel, the sound of the v-8 engine nuff said, only drawback gas consumtion if you got a lead foot but otherwise very decent with the 305 cu-in. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 24.202.172.11 (talk • contribs).

 * To be more accurate, the 1982-83 coupe (which had the Caprice body styling and dashboard) was an exclusive Canadian model; the 1977-81 Parisienne coupes were virtually identical to the American (or as some prefer, United States market) Bonnevilles of that era and could be told apart by the nameplate - perhaps a photo of a 1982 or 83 coupe would help. Summing up, it looked like a Caprice sport coupe with Pontiac styling features. 65.92.202.125 16:41, 20 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I believe I have fixed the article. I'm not sure exactly what years a coupe was offered, so I just said "through 1983" and we'll leave it at that. --Sable232 21:16, 16 January 2007 (UTC)

A photo of a 1982 couple has been located: http://img40.imagevenue.com/img.php?image=15611_82ParisBrghmCpe_122_366lo.jpg

From one source, 1982 was the only year this body style was offered in Canada.

tail lights, styling (rev the engine and she'll say her name "brougham!!!!!")
I inherited a 10 year old 1984 parisienne brougham v8 which then promptly survived for another 10 years of daily driving. It was hands down the most dependable car I have ever owned. I still have it but an electrical problem has dropped the fuel mileage from its usual 20ish with peak 24 on the highway down to 7 mpg. The 84 brougham features computer assisted fuel flow in a kind of pre injector phase run by the ECModule. an overheat thanks to a bad 2$ thermostat fried a wire somewhere. It will be rebuilt one day. Until then, she sleeps. I wanted to mention in particular that the brougham (atleast) had what I believe to be unique tail light lenses compared to other pontiac models. When one cracked it took me 2 failed years on ebay before I found a matching replacement, although the screw mounts for the other models may have worked, the parisienne tail assembly was far more appealing to the eye. Also, it should be noted that the Parisienne Brougham is the only car that can say its own name when you rev the engine. :) Viva la Parisienne !

I Loved My Parisienne
When I was forced to leave New Orleans on that fateful day in the Summer of 2005, I wound up in New Jersey. I lived walking distance from the local supermarket and would pass this beautiful, mint condition 1984 Pontiac Parisienne every day. It was for sale and the price was a mere $1500. I was waiting on an SBA loan to replace the things I lost in Katrina. Every day, I'd be sure that someone had bought it, but it would still be there.

Finally, the money came and I called the owners and told them that I had to have that car. It was as though it was waiting for me.

As it turned out, the car only had 85,000 original miles. The people who had it before me bought it for their teenaged son, but he didn't like it. Plus, it burned a lot of gas. So, I bought it. It needed a little work,and before long, I had this cool old classic car. People would always be offering to buy it from me.

I moved back to New Orleans this past December. I wasn't here two weeks, when a neighbor fell asleep behind the wheel and smashed into my beloved Parisienne, totaling it. I was heartsick. I even tried to see if I could do the buy back and fix it, but there was frame damage. I will never forget my beautiful 1984 Parisienne. It helped me through a tough time in my life. Bigeasybarry 06:37, 8 March 2007 (UTC)

snoop dogg owns one
I was watching cribs, and snoop dogg owns a yellow pontiac parisienne convertible. it looks about 1967. he doesn't even know its from Canada though. he didn't seem too knowledgable about the car. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.8.249.246 (talk) 22:24, 10 December 2007 (UTC)

Midsize?
Maybe I'm wrong here, but I have the distinct memory that the Parisienne was briefly offered as a mid-sizer in the late 70s/early 80s, similar to the LeMans. 64.171.162.74 (talk) 03:02, 6 August 2008 (UTC)

Wrong pic at second generation!
Since I had two Parisienne's 2 door hardtop, and my friend a Laurentian 4 dr sedan, all from year 1962, it is obviuos to me that it is a 1961 car in pic, instead of 1962 or newer. Btw: both cars I owned in the 80's still exist, but I do beleive the Laurentian i gone. Sad.

Regarding export, all this cars were LHD and exported to Sweden as new, with metric speedo. Mats Fredsson (talk) 09:58, 5 November 2009 (UTC)

Replaced by full-size Bonneville?
Something here seems puzzling; While the Parisienne name was retired in 1986, big Pontiac fans got a completely new, but full-sized, Bonneville for 1987. This car featured front-wheel drive and a V6 as standard, in line with the contemporary Cadillac, Buick and Oldsmobile big models.

Maybe I'm just guilty of looking at this from a USA perspective, but can we see some evidence that our neighbors to the north had their own full-size front-wheel-drive Bonnevilles? -User:DanTD (talk) 14:11, 17 August 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pontiac Parisienne


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James Moncreiff, 1st Baron Moncreiff

James Moncreiff, 1st Baron Moncreiff (29 November 1811 – 27 April 1895) was a Scottish lawyer and politician.

Life
Moncreiff was born on 29 November 1811 to Ann, daughter of George Robertson, R. N. and Sir James Wellwood Moncreiff, 9th Baronet, a Scottish judge. He was born at his parents' Edinburgh townhouse on 13 Northumberland Street.

He was educated at Edinburgh High School then studied law at the University of Edinburgh and was admitted to the Faculty of Advocates in 1833. He was appointed Solicitor General for Scotland in 1850, and Lord Advocate from 1851 to 1852, from 1852 to 1858, from 1859 to 1866 and from 1868 to 1869. He was Dean of the Faculty of Advocates from 1858 to 1869. He was appointed Lord Justice Clerk from 1869 to 1888.

Moncreiff was appointed a Privy Counsellor in 1869. He was Rector of the University of Glasgow from 1868 to 1871, and held the degrees of LLD from both Edinburgh and Glasgow universities.

Moncreiff was Member of Parliament for Leith Burghs from 1851 to 1859, for Edinburgh from 1859 to 1868 and for Glasgow and Aberdeen Universities in 1868. During a long career in parliament Moncreiff guided the passing of over 100 acts of parliament, and his name is associated with the reform of legal procedure and mercantile law. As lord advocate he was engaged as public prosecutor in important cases, notably the trials of Madeline Smith, Wielobycki, and the directors of the Western bank. In 1856, he defended the Scotsman in the libel action raised by Duncan McLaren, one of the members for the city of Edinburgh.

In January 1857, Moncreiff was presented with the freedom of his native city for the part he took in regard to the Municipal Extension Act. In 1859 he was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel Commandant of the newly formed 1st Queen's Edinburgh Rifle Volunteer Brigade (No 1 Company of which was recruited from Edinburgh advocates) – the first rifle volunteer corps in Scotland. He held the appointment until 1873 when he was appointed Honorary Colonel. In 1860, he helped pass the annuity tax bill, a subject in which, as a free churchman, he took close interest, and in the following year he carried the major bill relating to burgh and parochial schools. In 1861 he was engaged as leading counsel in the defence of Sir William Johnston, one of the directors of the Edinburgh and Glasgow bank, and in 1863-4 he was counsel in the famous Yelverton case.

For 19 years Lord Moncreiff occupied the judicial bench, presiding over the trials in the justiciary court of Chantrelle (1878), the City of Glasgow Bank directors (1878), the dynamitards (1883), and the crofters (1886).

Extrajudicially Moncreiff was occupied in many other matters. As a lecturer he was in great request, and delivered numerous orations in Edinburgh and Glasgow on subjects of literary, scientific, and political interest to the Philosophical Institution, Royal Society, Juridical Society, Scots Law Society, and other bodies. Moncreiff also published anonymously in 1871 a novel entitled A Visit to my Discontented Cousin, which was reprinted, with additions, from Fraser's Magazine. He was also a frequent contributor to the Edinburgh Review.

In 1858 Moncreiff received the honorary degree of LL.D. from the University of Edinburgh. From 1868 to 1871 he was rector of the University of Glasgow from which he received a second honorary doctorate of LL.D. in 1879, and in 1869 he was appointed a member of the Privy Council. On 23 May 1871 he was created a baronet of Kilduff in the County of Kinross in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. On 9 January 1874 he was created Baron Moncreiff, of Tulliebole in the County of Kinross in the Peerage of the United Kingdom; in 1878 he was appointed a royal commissioner under the Endowed Institutions (Scotland) Act, and in 1883 he succeeded his brother as 11th baronet of Moncreiff.

In 1870 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh his proposer was Charles Neaves. He was President of the Society 1879 to 1884.

In 1875, he became the inaugural President of the conservationist group the Cockburn Association, a position he held until 1893.

In September 1888, Moncreiff resigned the position of Lord Justice Clerk, and took up the preparation of his Memorials. On these he was engaged till his death on 27 April 1895.

Family
On 12 September 1834 Moncreiff married Isabella Bell (d.1881), only daughter of Robert Bell FRSE (1781–1861), procurator of the Church of Scotland, and Sheriff of Berwickshire and Haddingtonshire. They lived at 47 Moray Place in the west end of Edinburgh.

They had two daughters and five sons. Their eldest son Henry Moncreiff, 2nd Baron Moncreiff sat from 1888 under the title of Lord Wellwood, as a Lord of Session.

title: James Moncreiff, 1st Baron Moncreiff


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Carnegie Corporation of New York

The Carnegie Corporation of New York is a philanthropic fund established by Andrew Carnegie in 1911 to support education programs across the United States, and later the world.

Since its founding, the Carnegie Corporation has endowed or otherwise helped establish institutions including the United States National Research Council, Harvard University's Davis Center for Russian and Eurasian Studies (formerly known as the Russian Research Center), the Carnegie libraries, the University of Chicago Graduate Library School, and the Children's Television Workshop (now Sesame Workshop). It also has funded the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (CEIP), the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching (CFAT), and the Carnegie Institution for Science (CIS). According to OECD, Carnegie Corporation of New York's financing for 2019 development increased by 27% to US$24 million.

Carnegie Corporation of New York's president is Louise Richardson and the chairman of its board of trustees is Thomas Kean.

Founding and early years
By 1911, Andrew Carnegie had endowed five organizations in the United States and three in the United Kingdom, and given more than $43 million to build public libraries and given another almost $110 million elsewhere. But ten years after he sold the Carnegie Steel Company, more than $150 million remained in his accounts and at 76, he wearied of philanthropic choices. Long-time friend Elihu Root suggested he establish a trust. Carnegie transferred most of his remaining fortune into it, and made the trust responsible for distributing his wealth after he died. Carnegie's previous charitable giving had used conventional organizational structures, but he chose a corporation as the structure for his last and largest trust. Chartered by the State of New York as the Carnegie Corporation of New York, the corporation's capital fund, originally worth about $135 million, had a market value of $1.55 billion on March 31, 1999.

In 1911–1912, Carnegie gave the corporation $125 million. At that time the corporation was the largest single philanthropic charitable trust ever established. He also made it a residual legatee under his will so it therefore received an additional $10 million, the remainder of his estate after had paid his other bequests. Carnegie reserved a portion of the corporation's assets for philanthropy in Canada and the then-British Colonies, an allocation first referred to as the Special Fund, then the British Dominions and Colonies Fund, and later the Commonwealth Program. Charter amendments have allowed the corporation to use 7.4 percent of its income in countries that are or once were members of the British Commonwealth.

In its early years, Carnegie served as both president and trustee. His private secretary James Bertram and his financial agent, Robert A. Franks, acted as trustees as well and, respectively, corporation secretary and treasurer. This first executive committee made most of the funding decisions. Other seats on the board were held ex officio by presidents of five previously established US Carnegie organizations:
 * Carnegie Institute (of Pittsburgh) (1896)
 * Carnegie Institution of Washington (1902)
 * Carnegie Hero Fund Commission (1904)
 * Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching (CFAT) (1905)
 * Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (CEIP) (1910)

After Carnegie died in 1919, the trustees elected a full-time salaried president as the trust's chief executive officer and ex officio trustee. For a time the corporation's gifts followed the patterns Carnegie had already established. Grants for public libraries and church organs continued until 1917, and also went to other Carnegie organizations, and universities, colleges, schools, and educational agencies. Carnegie's letter of gift to the original trustees making the endowment said that the trustees would "best conform to my wishes by using their own judgement." Corporation strategies changed over the years but remained focused on education, although the trust did also increasingly fund scientific research, convinced that the nation needed more scientific expertise and "scientific management". It also worked to build research facilities for the natural and social sciences. The corporation made large grants to the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council, the Carnegie Institution of Washington, the National Bureau of Economic Research, Stanford University's now-defunct Food Research Institute and the Brookings Institution, then became interested in adult education and lifelong learning, an obvious follow-on to Carnegie's vision for libraries as "the university of the people". In 1919 it initiated the Americanization Study to explore educational opportunities for adults, primarily for new immigrants.

Frederick P. Keppel
With Frederick P. Keppel as president (1923–1941), the Carnegie Corporation shifted from creating public libraries to strengthening library infrastructure and services, developing adult education, and adding arts education to the programs of colleges and universities. The foundation's grants in this period have a certain eclectic quality and remarkable perseverance in its chosen causes. His vision for adult education drew from both Victorian values of character as well as democratic ideals of freedom of thought and reasoning. Through the Carnegie Corporation, he established the American Association of Adult Education, which focused on grant funding for adult education programs. The creation of an outside organization helped shield the Carnegie Corporation from accusations of political involvement in education, which would be viewed as private influence over public education. The corporation was aiming to prevent accusations of social-engineering of citizens by creating a separate organization. The AAAE's primary focus in the 1930s was promoting a more democratic society through the education of adults. The AAAE's most notable contribution was the Harlem Experiment, an initiative to provide adult education to African Americans in Harlem during the Harlem Renaissance that began in 1926.

Keppel initiated a famous 1944 study of race relations in the United States by the Swedish social economist Gunnar Myrdal in 1937 by naming a non-American outsider as manager of the study. His theory that this task should be done by someone unencumbered by traditional attitudes or earlier conclusions led to Myrdal's widely heralded book American Dilemma (1944). The book had no immediate effect on public policy, but was later much cited in legal challenges to segregation. Keppel believed foundations should make facts available and let them facts speak for themselves. His cogent writings on philanthropy made a lasting impression on field and influenced the organization and leadership of many new foundations.

In 1927, Keppel toured sub-Saharan Africa and recommended a first set of grants to establish public schools in eastern and southern Africa. Other grants went to for municipal library development in South Africa. During 1928 the corporation initiated the Carnegie Commission on the Poor White Problem in South Africa. Better known as the "Carnegie Poor White Study", it promoted strategies to improve the lives of rural Afrikaner whites and other poor whites in general. A memorandum sent to Keppel said there was "little doubt that if the natives were given full economic opportunity, the more competent among them would soon outstrip the less competent whites" Keppel endorsed the project that produced the report, motivated by his concern with maintaining existing racial boundaries. The corporation's concern for the so-called "poor white problem" in South Africa stemmed at least in part from similar misgivings about poor whites in the American South.

White poverty defied traditional understandings of white racial superiority and thus became the subject of study. The report recommended that "employment sanctuaries" be established for poor white workers and that poor white workers replace "native" workers in most skilled aspects of the economy. The authors of the report suggested that white racial deterioration and miscegenation would be the outcome unless something was done to help poor whites, endorsing the necessity of the role of social institutions to play in the successful maintenance of white racial superiority. The report expressed trepidation concerning the loss of white racial pride, with the implicit consequence that poor whites would not successfully resist "Africanisation." The report sought, in part, to forestall the historically inevitable accession of a communal, class based, democratic socialist movement aimed at uniting the poor of each race in common cause and brotherhood.

Charles Dollard
World War II and its immediate aftermath were a relatively inactive period for the Carnegie Corporation. Dollard joined the staff in 1939 as Keppel's assistant and became president in 1948. The foundation took greater interest in the social sciences, and particularly the study of human behavior. The trust also entered into international affairs. Dollard urged it to fund quantitative, "objective" social science research like research in physical sciences, and help to diffuse the results through major universities. The corporation advocated for standardized testing in schools to determine academic merit regardless of the student's socio-economic background. Its initiatives have also included helping to broker the creation of the Educational Testing Service in 1947.

The corporation determined that the U.S. increasingly needed policy and scholarly expertise in international affairs, and so tied into area studies programs at colleges and universities as well as the Ford Foundation. In 1948 the trust also provided the seed money to establish the Russian Research Center at Harvard University, today known as the Davis Center for Russia and Eurasian Studies, as an organization that could address large-scale research from both a policy and educational points of view.

In 1951, the Group Areas Act took effect in South Africa and effectively put the apartheid system into place, leading to political ascendancy for Afrikaners and dispossession for many Africans and colored people suddenly required to live in certain areas of the country only, on pain of imprisonment for remaining in possession of homes in areas designated for whites. The Carnegie corporation pulled its philanthropic endeavors from South Africa for more than two decades after this political change, turning its attention from South Africa to developing East African and West African universities instead.

John Gardner
John W. Gardner was promoted from a staff position to the presidency in 1955. Gardner simultaneously became president of the CFAT, which was housed at the corporation. During Gardner's time in office the Carnegie Corporation worked to upgrade academic competence in foreign area studies and strengthened its liberal arts education program. In the early 1960s it inaugurated a continuing education program and funded development of new models for advanced and professional study by mature women. Important funding went to the key early experiments in continuing education for women, with major grants to the University of Minnesota (1960, co-directors Elizabeth L. Cless and Virginia L. Senders), Radcliffe College (1961, under President Mary Bunting), and Sarah Lawrence College (1962, under Professor Esther Raushenbush). Gardner's interest in leadership development led to the White House Fellows program in 1964.

Notable grant projects in higher education in sub-Saharan Africa include the 1959-60 Ashby Commission study of Nigerian needs in postsecondary education. This study stimulated aid increases from the United Kingdom, Europe, and the United States to African nations' systems of higher and professional education. Gardner had a strong interest in education, but as a psychologist he believed in the behavioral sciences and urged the corporation to funded much of the US' basic research on cognition, creativity, and the learning process, particularly among young children, associating psychology and education. Perhaps its most important contribution to reform of pre-college education at this time was the series of education studies done by James B. Conant, former president of Harvard University; in particular, Conant's study of comprehensive American high schools (1959) resolved public controversy concerning the purpose of public secondary education, and made the case that schools could adequately educate both average students and the academically gifted.

Under Gardner, the corporation embraced strategic philanthropy—planned, organized, and deliberately constructed to attain stated ends. Funding criteria no longer required just a socially desirable project. The corporation sought out projects that would produce knowledge leading to useful results, communicated to decision-makers, the public, and the media, in order to foster policy debate. Developing programs that larger organizations, especially governments, could implement and scale in size became a major objective. The policy shift to institutional knowledge transfer came in part as a response to relatively diminished resources that made it necessary to leverage assets and "multiplier effects" to have any effect at all. The corporation considered itself a trendsetter in philanthropy, often funding research or providing seed money for ideas while others financed more costly operations. For example, ideas it advanced resulted in the National Assessment of Educational Progress, later adopted by the federal government. A foundation's most precious asset was its sense of direction, Gardner said, gathering a competent professional staff of generalists that he called his "cabinet of strategy," and regarded as a resource as important to the corporation as its endowment.

Alan Pifer
While Gardner's opinion of educational equality was to multiply the channels through which an individual could pursue opportunity, it was during the term of long-time staff member Alan Pifer, who became acting president during 1965 and president during 1967 (again of both Carnegie Corporation and the CFAT), that the foundation began to respond to claims by various groups, including women, for increased power and wealth. The corporation developed three interlocking objectives: prevention of educational disadvantage; equality of educational opportunity in the schools; and broadened opportunities in higher education. A fourth objective cutting across these programs was to improve the democratic performance of government. Grants were made to reform state government as the laboratories of democracy, underwrite voter education drives, and mobilize youth to vote, among other measures. Use of the legal system became a method for achieving equal opportunity in education, as well as redress of grievance, and the corporation joined the Ford and Rockefeller foundations and others in funding educational litigation by civil rights organizations. It also initiated a multifaceted program to train black lawyers in the South for the practice of public interest law and to increase the legal representation of black people.

Maintaining its commitment to early childhood education, the corporation endorsed the application of research knowledge in experimental and demonstration programs, which subsequently provided strong evidence of the long-term positive effects of high-quality early education, particularly for the disadvantaged. A 1980 report on an influential study, the Perry Preschool Project of the HighScope Educational Research Foundation, on the outcomes for sixteen-year-olds enrolled in the experimental preschool programs provided crucial evidence that safeguarded Project Head Start in a time of deep cuts to federal social programs. The foundation also promoted educational children's television and initiated the Children's Television Workshop (now Sesame Workshop), producer of Sesame Street and other noted children's programs. Growing belief in the power of educational television prompted creation of the Carnegie Commission on Educational Television, whose recommendations were adopted into the Public Broadcasting Act of 1968 that established a public broadcasting system. Many other reports on US education the corporation financed at this time, included Charles E. Silberman's acclaimed Crisis in the Classroom (1971), and the controversial Inequality: A Reassessment of the Effect of Family and Schooling in America by Christopher Jencks (1973). This report confirmed quantitative research, e.g. the Coleman Report, showed that in public schools resources only weakly correlated with educational outcomes, which coincided with the foundation's burgeoning interest in improved school effectiveness.

Becoming involved with South Africa again during the mid-1970s, the corporation worked through universities to increase the legal representation of black people and increase the practice of public interest law. At the University of Cape Town, it established the Second Carnegie Inquiry into Poverty and Development in Southern Africa, this time to examine the legacies of apartheid and make recommendations to nongovernmental organizations for actions commensurate with the long-run goal of achieving a democratic, interracial society.

The influx of nontraditional students and "baby boomers" into higher education prompted formation of the Carnegie Commission on Higher Education (1967), funded by the CFAT. (During 1972, the CFAT became an independent institution after experiencing three decades of restricted control over its own affairs.) In its more than ninety reports, the commission made detailed suggestions for introducing more flexibility into the structure and financing of higher education. One outgrowth of the commission's work was creation of the federal Pell grants program offering tuition assistance for needy college students. The corporation promoted the Doctor of Arts "teaching" degree as well as various off-campus undergraduate degree programs, including the Regents Degree of the State of New York and Empire State College. The foundation's combined interest in testing and higher education resulted in establishment of a national system of college credit by examination (College-Level Entrance Examination Program of the College Entrance Examination Board). Building on its past programs to promote the continuing education of women, the foundation made a series of grants for the advancement of women in academic life. Two other study groups formed to examine critical problems in American life were the Carnegie Council on Children (1972) and the Carnegie Commission on the Future of Public Broadcasting (1977), the latter formed almost ten years after the first commission.

David A. Hamburg
David A. Hamburg, a physician, educator, and scientist with a public health background, became president in 1982 intending to mobilize the best scientific and scholarly talent and thinking on "prevention of rotten outcomes" - from early childhood to international relations. The corporation pivoted from higher education to the education and healthy development of children and adolescents, and the preparation of youth for a scientific and technological, knowledge-driven world. In 1984 the corporation established the Carnegie Commission on Education and the Economy. Its major publication, A Nation Prepared (1986), reaffirmed the role of the teacher as the "best hope" for quality in elementary and secondary education. That report led to the establishment a year later of the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards, to consider ways to attract able candidates to teaching and recognize and retain them. At the corporation's initiative, the American Association for the Advancement of Science issued two reports, Science for All Americans (1989) and Benchmarks for Science Literacy (1993), which recommended a common core of learning in science, mathematics, and technology for all citizens and helped set national standards of achievement.

A new emphasis for the corporation was the danger to world peace posed by the superpower confrontation and weapons of mass destruction. The foundation underwrote scientific study of the feasibility of the proposed federal Strategic Defense Initiative and joined the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation to support the analytic work of a new generation of arms control and nuclear nonproliferation experts. After the end of the USSR, corporation grants helped promote the concept of cooperative security among erstwhile adversaries and projects to build democratic institutions in the former Soviet Union and Central Europe. The Prevention of Proliferation Task Force, coordinated by a grant to the Brookings Institution, inspired the Nunn-Lugar Amendment to the Soviet Threat Reduction Act of 1991, intended to help dismantle Soviet nuclear weapons and reduce proliferation risks. More recently, the corporation addressed interethnic and regional conflict and funded projects seeking to diminish the risks of a wider war resulting from civil strife. Two Carnegie commissions, Reducing the Nuclear Danger (1990), the other Preventing Deadly Conflict (1994), addressed the dangers of human conflict and the use of weapons of mass destruction. The corporation's emphasis in Commonwealth Africa, meanwhile, shifted to women's health and political development and the application of science and technology, including new information systems, to foster research and expertise in indigenous scientific institutions and universities.

During Hamburg's tenure, dissemination achieved even greater primacy with respect to strategic philanthropy. Consolidation and diffusion of the best available knowledge from social science and education research was used to improve social policy and practice, as partner with major institutions with the capability to influence public thought and action. If "change agent" was a major term during Pifer's time, "linkage" became a byword in Hamburg's. The corporation increasingly used its convening powers to bring together experts across disciplinary and sectoral boundaries to create policy consensus and promote collaboration.

Continuing tradition, the foundation established several other major study groups, often directed by the president and managed by a special staff. Three groups covered the educational and developmental needs of children and youth from birth to age fifteen: the Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development (1986), the Carnegie Task Force on Meeting the Needs of Young Children (1991), and the Carnegie Task Force on Learning in the Primary Grades (1994). Another, the Carnegie Commission on Science, Technology, and Government (1988), recommended ways that government at all levels could make more effective use of science and technology in their operations and policies. Jointly with the Rockefeller Foundation, the corporation financed the National Commission on Teaching & America's Future, whose report, What Matters Most (1996), provided a framework and agenda for teacher education reform across the country. These study groups drew on knowledge generated by grant programs and inspired follow-up grantmaking to implement their recommendations.

Vartan Gregorian
During the presidency of Vartan Gregorian the corporation reviewed its management structure and grants programs. In 1998 the corporation established four primary program headings: education, international peace and security, international development, and democracy. In these four main areas, the corporation continued to engage with major issues confronting higher education. Domestically, it emphasized reform of teacher education and examined the current status and future of liberal arts education in the United States. Abroad, the corporation sought to devise methods to strengthen higher education and public libraries in Sub Saharan Africa. As a cross-program initiative, and in cooperation with other foundations and organizations, the corporation instituted a scholars program, offering funding to individual scholars, particularly in the social sciences and humanities, in the independent states of the former Soviet Union.

Louise Richardson
On November 18, 2021, the corporation announced that Louise Richardson will become its next and 13th president. She joined the foundation in January 2023 at the end of her seven-year term as head of the University of Oxford.

title: Carnegie Corporation of New York


text:
Frances O'Connor

Frances Ann O'Connor (born 12 June 1967) is a British-Australian actress and director. She appears in roles in the films Mansfield Park, Bedazzled, A.I. Artificial Intelligence, The Importance of Being Earnest, and Timeline. O'Connor won an AACTA Award for her performance in Blessed, and also earned two Golden Globe Award nominations for her performances in Madame Bovary and The Missing. In 2022, her debut feature as writer and director, Emily was released.

Early life
O'Connor was born in Wantage, at the time part of Berkshire, England, to a pianist mother and nuclear physicist father; her family moved to Perth, Western Australia, when she was two years old. She is the middle of five children, with one older brother, one older sister, and two younger sisters. O'Connor was raised Roman Catholic, and attended the Mercedes College in Perth. She then went on to attend the Western Australian Academy of Performing Arts and earned a Bachelor of Arts degree in literature from Curtin University in Western Australia.

Career
O'Connor made her film debut in Emma-Kate Croghan's critically acclaimed independent romantic comedy Love and Other Catastrophes (1996). She received her first AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role nomination for her performance in the film. In 1997, she had the leading role in Kiss or Kill, and starred opposite Cate Blanchett and Richard Roxburgh in Thank God He Met Lizzie. In 1999, O'Connor starred as Fanny Price in the British romantic comedy-drama Mansfield Park. The film also received favourable reviews from critics. The following year, O'Connor earned a Golden Globe Award nomination for her performance as Emma Bovary in the film Madame Bovary.

In 2000, O'Connor began her Hollywood career with a role in the remake with Brendan Fraser and Elizabeth Hurley of the 1967 British film Bedazzled (1967 film). The following year, she had a leading role in the Steven Spielberg science fiction drama A.I. Artificial Intelligence, earning her a nomination for a Saturn Award for Best Actress. In 2002, she starred alongside Rupert Everett, Colin Firth and Judi Dench in the romantic comedy-drama The Importance of Being Earnest, directed by Oliver Parker and based on Oscar Wilde's classic play. In 2003, O'Connor starred opposite Paul Walker in the science fiction film Timeline, which bombed at the box office.

In 2004, O'Connor returned to independent films and starred in Book of Love opposite Simon Baker, and Iron Jawed Angels with Hilary Swank, Julia Ormond and Anjelica Huston. In 2008, she starred in the short-lived ABC comedy-drama series Cashmere Mafia alongside Lucy Liu, Miranda Otto and Bonnie Somerville. In 2009, she won an AACTA Award for Best Actress for her performance in Blessed. She later appeared in Jayne Mansfield's Car, Little Red Wagon and The Truth About Emanuel; and received two more AACTA Award for Best Actress nominations for Three Dollars (2005) and The Hunter (2011). In 2011, O'Connor was cast in the ABC drama pilot Hallelujah, created by Marc Cherry, but the show was not picked up to series. From 2013 to 2014, she starred as Rose Selfridge in the British period drama Mr Selfridge.

In 2014, O'Connor was cast as the lead in the British drama The Missing. She was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Miniseries or Television Film for her performance in the series. She then appeared as Belle's mother Colette in the fourth season of the American series Once Upon a Time. In 2016, O'Connor co-starred in the horror film The Conjuring 2, alongside Vera Farmiga and Patrick Wilson, and in Cleverman, opposite Iain Glen.

In 2022, O'Connor made her directorial debut with Emily, a biographical drama she also wrote, about the life of English writer Emily Brontë (portrayed by Emma Mackey).

Personal life
O'Connor and her long-term partner, Gerald Lepkowski, had a son in 2005. The couple married in 2011 at O'Connor's mother's residence in Australia.

title: Frances O'Connor


text:
Michael O'Keefe

Michael O'Keefe (born Raymond Peter O'Keefe Jr.; April 24, 1955) is an American actor, known for his roles as Danny Noonan in Caddyshack, Ben Meechum in The Great Santini, for which he received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor, and Darryl Palmer in the Neil Simon movie The Slugger's Wife. He also appeared as Fred on the television sitcom Roseanne from 1993 to 1995.

Early life, family and education
Raymond Peter O'Keefe Jr. was born in Mount Vernon, New York, the oldest of seven children in an Irish American family. He is the son of Stephanie (née Fitzpatrick) and Raymond Peter O'Keefe, who was a law professor at Fordham University and who also taught at St. Thomas University. O'Keefe was raised in Larchmont, New York.

He graduated from Mamaroneck High School. He attended the American Academy of Dramatic Arts and New York University. He holds an MFA in creative writing from Bennington College.

Career
O'Keefe is known for his role as Danny Noonan in the comedy film Caddyshack. He received a Best Supporting Actor Oscar nomination for his role as Ben, the oldest son of a Marine aviator in The Great Santini (1979) starring Robert Duvall, who was also nominated for an Academy Award for the film. He played a Marine in the CBS miniseries A Rumor of War (1980) as the friend of Brad Davis' character, Philip Caputo.

O’Keefe played the lead role in the 1982 film Split Image as a college athlete who is lured into a religious cult by a beautiful girl (Karen Allen). He appeared in the Neil Simon movie The Slugger's Wife (1985) as Darryl Palmer, a baseball player for the Atlanta Braves who enjoys the fame and fringe benefits of bachelor life until he meets rock singer Debby Huston, falls in love, and decides to settle down.

He appeared in the thriller film The Glass House and starred with Tommy Lee Jones in the 1983 pirate adventure Savage Islands. O'Keefe appeared with George Clooney in Michael Clayton. He has appeared twice with Jack Nicholson, as his son in Ironweed and as the father of a murdered girl in The Pledge. He appeared in the film Frozen River. He played the district attorney Calvin Beckett in the film American Violet.

O'Keefe's Broadway theatre credits include Side Man (1998), Mass Appeal (1981), Fifth of July (1980), and Reckless with Mary-Louise Parker (2004). He starred in the play A Few Good Men in 1992 with a national tour as Lt. Jg. Daniel Kaffee.

O'Keefe's highest-profile television role was as Fred, the husband of Jackie Harris (Laurie Metcalf) on the ABC series Roseanne from 1993 to 1995. He played the husband in the series Life's Work from 1996 to 1997. Additional television credits include the lead role of Simon MacHeath in the short-lived Boston-based series Against the Law, which aired on Fox during the 1990–91 season, and the role of Ron Steffey in the 1992 CBS drama Middle Ages.

O'Keefe has guest-starred on Saving Grace, The West Wing, Criminal Minds, The Closer, Law & Order, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, Law & Order: Criminal Intent, House, M*A*S*H, Ghost Whisperer, Brothers and Sisters, Leverage, Blue Bloods and The Waltons. In 2014, he appeared in a recurring role in Homeland as CIA agent and former interim station chief John Redmond and as Detective Winslow in the Amazon Prime original TV series Sneaky Pete.

Personal life
O'Keefe was married to rock/blues singer Bonnie Raitt from April 27, 1991, to November 1999, when they divorced.

He married actress Emily Donahoe in 2011, with whom he has a son.

He has been a practicing Zen Buddhist since 1981.

Film
Sources: Hollywood.com TCM

Television
Sources: Hollywood.com TCM

Awards and nominations

 * Academy Award
 * 1981: Nominated, "Best Actor in a Supporting Role" – The Great Santini

 * CableACE Award
 * 1987: Nominated, "Best Actor in a Dramatic Series" – The Hitchhiker

 * Golden Globe Award
 * 1981: Nominated, "New Male Star of the Year in a Motion Picture" – The Great Santini

title: Michael O'Keefe


text:
José Otávio

José Otavio, or Zé Otavio, is the given name of a Brazilian bodyboarder. He was born in the landlocked state of Minas Gerais. He started to surf in Guriri, Espírito Santo, and he developed his skills as a bodyboarder on the beaches of Niterói, in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Otavio has continued his career by surfing Brazil's most sought after bodyboarding waves at Itacoatiara beach. He was the first bodyboarder to execute a 720° reverse air spinner caught on tape, which can be seen in the bodyboarding video movie QUE! Mutação.

Otavio has been trained at Itacoatiara, Niterói. He is a first name when talking about Xtreme Bodyboard. He was Brazilian Champion Pro and second in the Pan American at 1997, ISA Games Champion at 1998, and 2x Rio de Janeiro's Pro Champion. He was the one Brazilian representative in Sumol Nazaré Special Edition 09, and he finished second in the event.

title: José Otávio


text:
Gabriel de Mortillet

Louis Laurent Gabriel de Mortillet (29 August 1821 – 25 September 1898), French archaeologist and anthropologist, was born at Meylan, Isère.

Biography
Mortillet was educated at the Jesuit college of Chambéry and at the Paris Conservatoire. Becoming in 1847 proprietor of La Revue indépendante, he was implicated in the Revolution of 1848 and sentenced to two years' imprisonment. He fled the country and during the next fifteen years lived abroad, chiefly in Italy.

In 1858 he turned his attention to ethnological research, making a special study of the Swiss lake-dwellings. He also issued three works on the evidence for early man in North Italy, the third making a then unprecedented association with the Ice Age. He returned to Paris in 1863, and soon afterwards was appointed curator of the newly created Musée des Antiquités Nationales at Saint-Germain-en-Laye, with responsibility for the Stone Age collections. He became mayor of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, and in 1885 he was elected deputy for Seine-et-Oise.

He had meantime founded a review, Matériaux pour l'histoire positive et philosophique de l'homme, and in conjunction with Broca assisted to found the French School of Anthropology. In 1895, he was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1895. He died at St Germain-en-Laye on 25 September 1898.

Typological stages
Mortillet is best known for his clarification and ordering of the archeology of the Paleolithic. Where Édouard Lartet had used fauna as a distinguishing feature – Mammoth against Reindeer – for his important discoveries, Mortillet realised that as fauna varied with latitude they were unreliable indicators, and proposed instead a classification by means of dwelling places: Alluvial or Cave epochs, for example. Later acknowledging the ambiguity in that system as well, he published a new classification in 1869, using type sites and their associated artifacts to distinguish and name periods: (Chellian, Mousterian, Solutrean, Magdalenian, Robenhausen). His system may have subsequently been refined, but still remains in current use. However, whereas Mortillet believed his classifications were universal stages, with a unilineal evolution, later thinking regards each culture as a more localised conglomerate, capable of overlapping in time with others, not necessarily lineally related.

Mortillet proposed the name "Marnian Epoch" as a replacement for the period usually called the Gallic, which extends from about five centuries before the Christian era to the conquest of Gaul by Caesar. Mortillet generally objected to the term Gallic, as the civilization characteristic of the epoch was not peculiar to the ancient Gauls, but was common to nearly all Europe at the same date. The name is derived from the French département of Marne.

Homosimius
J.-B. Rames discovered flints at Puy Courny which triggered debate on the presence of ancestral humans in the Miocene, and the new genus and species Homosimius ramesii was proposed by de Mortillet. G. de Mortillet also suggested that these tools should be classified as the "Puycournian Epoch". His hypothetical genus gained another species, H. bourgeoisi, from the Oligocene of Thenay, France based on similar flints and exhibited by Abbot Bourgeois at the International Congress of Anthropology hosted in Paris, 1867. G. de Mortillet (1883) named it in honour of Bourgeois, but Boule (1952) suggested usage as Homo bourgeoisi as a hypothetical link between apes and humans, with Homo riberoi (a hypothetical species named from Miocene flints near Otto, Lisbon) being intermediate between H. bourgeoisi and H. ramesi (a hypothetical species named from Aurillac ). This genus would have served as an ancestor to Neanderthals and then humans in a linear stage, which de Mortillet envisioned these toolmakers as large-brained but not fully bipedal. Knowledge at the time contradicted his belief, as Homo erectus was demonstrably fully bipedal. As later analysis would reveal, the 'tools' were eoliths of natural origin and originated from (mostly) marine Miocene strata that predates human activities, but suggest integral geological activities.

Stone age art
De Mortillet recognised the importance of the mobiliary art discovered by Lartet and Christie, commenting of such bone carvings, “They are not the work of children. They are the childhood of art”. However he was unable to accept the authenticity of the much more extensive cave art that was coming to light, conservatively and stiffly rejecting Sautuola's discovery of the paintings in Altamira as the original work of Paleolithic man.

Published works

 * Promenades au Musée de Saint-Germain (1869)
 * Classification des diverses périodes de l'âge de la pierre (1873)
 * Musée préhistorique (1881)
 * Le préhistorique, antiquité de l'homme (1882)
 * Les Nègres et la civilisation égyptienne (1884)
 * Origines de la chasse, de la pêche et de l'agriculture (1890)
 * Le préhistoire : origine et antiquité de l'homme (1900)

title: Gabriel de Mortillet


text:
Adin, California

Adin (formerly, Adinville and Aidenville) is a census-designated place in Modoc County, California. It is located 29 mi southwest of Alturas, at an elevation of 4203 ft. Its population is 205 as of the 2020 census, down from 272 from the 2010 census.

Each summer, the town hosts the annual Golden State Star Party, a gathering of amateur and professional astronomers from California and parts of the United States.

History
Adin, the first town in Modoc County west of the Warner Mountains, was founded in 1869 by Adin McDowell as the supply point for the mining town of Hayden in northern Lassen County, and was named for him in 1870. The Aidenville post office opened in 1871, and changed its name to Adin in 1876.

A 1913 book described Adin as having a population of 200, and as the chief town of the Big Valley. It became a sawmill town in the mid-1930s when the Edgerton Brothers Mill moved into town, from the Adin Mountains.

The town suffered devastating fires in 1904, 1915, 1931, and finally in 1939. Following the 1939 fire, the town organized a volunteer fire brigade.

Geography
According to the United States Census Bureau, the CDP covers an area of 3.4 square miles (8.9 km$2$), 99.82% of it land, 0.18% of it water.

Climate
This region experiences warm (but not hot) and dry summers, with no average monthly temperatures above 71.6 °F. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, Adin has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, abbreviated "Csb" on climate maps.

2010
The 2010 United States Census reported that Adin had a population of 272. The population density was 79.0 PD/sqmi. The racial makeup of Adin was 240 (88.2%) White, 2 (0.7%) African American, 8 (2.9%) Native American, 0 (0.0%) Asian, 0 (0.0%) Pacific Islander, 9 (3.3%) from other races, and 13 (4.8%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 32 persons (11.8%).

The Census reported that 269 people (98.9% of the population) lived in households, 3 (1.1%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 0 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 124 households, out of which 28 (22.6%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 49 (39.5%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 14 (11.3%) had a female householder with no husband present, 8 (6.5%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 10 (8.1%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 0 (0%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 45 households (36.3%) were made up of individuals, and 19 (15.3%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.17. There were 71 families (57.3% of all households); the average family size was 2.82.

The population was spread out, with 57 people (21.0%) under the age of 18, 19 people (7.0%) aged 18 to 24, 52 people (19.1%) aged 25 to 44, 93 people (34.2%) aged 45 to 64, and 51 people (18.8%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 47.3 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.3 males.

There were 144 housing units at an average density of 41.8 /sqmi, of which 77 (62.1%) were owner-occupied, and 47 (37.9%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.3%; the rental vacancy rate was 2.1%. 163 people (59.9% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 106 people (39.0%) lived in rental housing units.

2000
In the 2000 census, the United States did not define a census-designated place called Adin, but it did define a Zip Code Tabulation Area (ZCTA), 96006. Because Adin is contained within this ZCTA, it is possible to obtain Census data from the United States 2000 Census for the area even though data for "Adin" is unavailable. Adin is located within area code 530.

As of the census of 2000, there were 599 people, 257 households, and 178 families residing in the ZCTA of 96006. The racial makeup of the town was 93.7% White, 0.3% Black or African American, 1.5% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 2.7% from other races, and 1.7% from two or more races. 5.7% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 257 households, out of which 26.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 59.5% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.7% were non-families. 24.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 8.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.33 and the average family size was 2.79. Adin has a general store.

The median income for a household in the town was $32,250, and the median income for a family was $34,063. Males had a median income of $36,250 versus $30,000 for females. The per capita income for the town was $20,642. 17.2% of the population and 11.3% of families were below the poverty line. Out of the total population, 27.7% of those under the age of 18 and 7.5% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.

Politics
In the state legislature, Adin is in, and.

Federally, Adin is in.

title: Adin, California


text:
Alien priory

Alien priories were religious establishments in England, such as monasteries and convents, which were under the control of another religious house outside England. Usually the mother-house was in France.

History
Alien priories were small dependencies of foreign religious houses. Specifically, this pertained to the English possessions of French religious houses.

The precedent went back at least as far as 912. Ælfthryth, daughter of Alfred the Great married Baldwin II, Count of Flanders. She received various properties under her father's will, and gave Lewisham Priory with its dependencies, Greenwich and Woolwich, to the abbey of St Peter at Ghent. Edward the Confessor gave the parish church at Deerhurst, and its lands to the monastery of St Denis.

The practice increased after the Norman Conquest. A number of Norman lords had founded monasteries on their lands in France, which in many cases sent monks to England to manage their property. William the Conqueror gave to the Abbey of Saint-Étienne in Caen, the manors of Frampton and Bincombe in Dorset. During the reign of William Rufus, Hamelin de Balun, founded the Benedictine priory of St Mary, at Abergavenny under the jurisdiction of the Abbey of Saint Vincent at Le Mans. The designation "Alien Priory" included any property owned by the French houses, regardless of whether there was an actual priory, or religious house, constructed upon it.

Some priories enjoyed more autonomy than others. A distinction was drawn between those where the prior was appointed and served at the will of the abbot of the motherhouse, and those where the prior was elected by the monks. In the latter case, the land was vested in the priory and could not be sold by the abbot. The priories paid an apport, a nominal fixed sum, annually to the mother-house.

A medieval abbey which held distant estates normally administered them by establishing a small cell or priory of two or three monks to manage a manor or group of manors and send the profits to the mother-house. King John compelled them to pay into the royal treasury the apport. During the reign of King Henry III (1216-1272), many alien priories were suppressed by Simon de Montfort's Parliament (the Parliament of Leicester, 1265), and their revenues were taken into the king's hands. The Crown, however, in most cases transferred the property to other monasteries.

In 1294, when King Edward I of England was at war with France, many of the alien priories were seized, numbering about a hundred, and their revenues were used to help pay for the war. In order to prevent the foreign monks in southern coastal areas giving possible help to invaders, he deported many of them to other religious houses that were twenty or more miles from the coast.

King Edward II of England subsequently followed this example, taking the alien priories into his own hands, but he not infrequently appointed their priors custodians for a consideration, obliging them to pay to the Crown the apport due to their superiors.

When Edward III came to the throne, he restored many of the alien priories to their original owners and waived the arrears of payments due to the Crown. But ten years later, when war broke out again with France, he reverted to the policy of his predecessors, and again seized the property of these French aliens. For twenty-three years, these foreign houses remained in his hands; but with the peace of 1361 most of them were restored, only to be again sequestrated eight years later when the war was renewed. In the time of Richard II, the alien priories continued mostly in the hands of the Crown.

In 1378, all the monks in alien priories were expelled from England. Most finally came to an end under Henry V in 1414, with a few exceptions surviving, for example Modbury Priory in Devon.

title: Alien priory


text:
Listener Supported

Listener Supported is an album by the Dave Matthews Band, released on November 23, 1999. It was recorded live at Continental Airlines Arena in East Rutherford, New Jersey on September 11, 1999.

In addition to being the third live release by Dave Matthews Band, Listener Supported was filmed by PBS for an In the Spotlight special, and the entire concert was released on VHS the same day and DVD on February 8, 2000. The title of this release is taken from PBS's "supported by viewers like you" underwriting spot. It is currently the only Dave Matthews Band live album to not contain the date or location in the title. This is because part of the broadcast agreement allowed PBS to release their own audio CD version of the television special.

Listener Supported was also the first live release to feature keyboardist Butch Taylor and "The Lovely Ladies" on vocals. In addition to songs from each of their RCA studio albums, Listener Supported features the previously unreleased songs "#40", "True Reflections" (sung by Boyd Tinsley), and the heartbeat intro to "Pantala Naga Pampa", as well as the full band versions of "#36", "Granny" and "Long Black Veil".

Track listing

 * Disc one
 * 1) "Intro" (David J. Matthews) – 6:25
 * 2) "Pantala Naga Pampa" (Matthews) – 0:41
 * 3) "Rapunzel" (Carter Beauford, Stefan Lessard, Matthews) – 7:09
 * 4) "Rhyme & Reason" (Matthews) – 5:58
 * 5) "The Stone" (Matthews) – 7:28
 * 6) "#41" (Beauford, Lessard, Matthews, LeRoi Moore, Boyd Tinsley) – 9:47
 * 7) "Crash into Me" (Matthews) – 6:02
 * 8) *contains an interpolation from the composition "Dixie Chicken" (Lowell George, Martin Kibbee)
 * 9) "Jimi Thing" (Matthews) – 13:12
 * 10) "#36" (Matthews) – 7:34
 * 11) *with The Lovely Ladies
 * 12) "Warehouse" (Matthews) – 8:32

 * Disc two
 * 1) "Too Much" (Matthews, Beauford, Moore, Lessard, Tinsley) – 4:52
 * 2) "True Reflections" (Tinsley) – 7:25
 * 3) *with The Lovely Ladies
 * 4) "Two Step" (Matthews) – 14:38
 * 5) "Granny" (Matthews) – 4:24
 * 6) "Stay (Wasting Time)" (Matthews, Lessard, Moore) – 7:07
 * 7) *with The Lovely Ladies
 * 8) "#40" (Matthews) – 1:49
 * 9) *''solo by Dave Matthews
 * 10) "Long Black Veil" (Danny Dill, Marijohn Wilkin) – 8:44
 * 11) *with The Lovely Ladies
 * 12) "Don't Drink the Water" (Matthews) – 7:09
 * 13) "Intro to..." (Matthews) – 1:36
 * 14) "All Along the Watchtower" (Bob Dylan) – 7:51

Personnel
Dave Matthews Band
 * Carter Beauford – percussion, drums, vocals
 * Stefan Lessard – bass guitar
 * Dave Matthews – guitar, vocals
 * LeRoi Moore – saxophone, horns
 * Boyd Tinsley – violin, lead vocals on "True Reflections"

Additional musicians
 * The Lovely Ladies – backing vocals
 * Tawatha Agee
 * Chinah Bess
 * Brenda White King
 * Butch Taylor – keyboards

title: Listener Supported


text:
Conrad Schnitzler

Conrad "Conny" Schnitzler (1937 – 4 August 2011) was a prolific German experimental musician associated with West Germany's 1970s krautrock movement. A co-founder of West Berlin's Zodiak Free Arts Lab, he was an early member of Tangerine Dream (1969–1970) and a founder of the band Kluster. He left Kluster in 1971, first working with his group Eruption and then focusing on solo works. Schnitzler participated in several collaborations with other electronic musicians.

Biography
Schnitzler was born in Düsseldorf. His father was German, his mother was Italian. He had a wife and they had three children, one of whom is son Gregor Schnitzler, who was born in 1964 in Berlin and who is a film director.

Schnitzler, Dieter Moebius, and Hans-Joachim Roedelius formed Kluster in 1969 after the three had met at the Zodiak Free Arts Lab. This trio released three albums: Klopfzeichen (1970), Zwei-Osterei (1971) and Eruption (1971). When Schnitzler left the group, Roedelius and Moebius became Cluster. Around this time, Schnitzler also joined Tangerine Dream for their debut album Electronic Meditation (1970).

Schnitzler provided the introductory music for Norwegian black metal band Mayhem's debut EP Deathcrush in 1987, following a meeting with teenage guitarist Euronymous in the mid-1980s. The instrumental track, entitled "Silvester Anfang", was randomly selected from Schnitzler's archive of works in progress. The piece is still played at most of the band's live shows. For many years Schnitzler appeared in the comics of Matt Howarth (particularly Savage Henry) as a member of the band The Bulldaggers. His 2006 work Moon Mummy is a collaboration with Matt Howarth based on an included PDF comic.

Schnitzler died from stomach cancer on 4 August 2011 in Berlin.

Discography
1970
 * Electronic Meditation (with Tangerine Dream)
 * Klopfzeichen (with Kluster)

1971
 * Zwei-Osterei (with Kluster)
 * Schwarz (a.k.a. Eruption)

1973
 * Rot
 * Slowmotion

1974
 * Blau
 * Work in Progress
 * The Red Cassette
 * The Black Cassette

1978
 * Con

1980
 * Auf Dem Schwarzen Kanal (EP)
 * Consequenz (with Wolfgang Seidel (musician))
 * Die wandelnde Klangwolke aus Berlin

1981
 * Contempora
 * Con 3
 * Conrad & Sohn (with Gregor Schnitzler)
 * Conal
 * Control
 * Gelb (reissue of The Black Cassette as an LP)
 * Grün
 * Context

1982
 * Convex
 * The Russians Are Coming (EP, with Peter Baumann)
 * Container

1983
 * Con 3.3.83

1984
 * Con '84

1985
 * Con '85

1986
 * Concert
 * Consequenz II (with Wolfgang Seidel)
 * Micon in Italia (with Michael Otto)
 * Face on Radio (with Wolfgang Hertz)
 * Con '86
 * GenCon Productions (with Gen Ken Montgomery)
 * Conversion Day

1987
 * Congratulacion
 * Contrasts (with Wolfgang Hertz)
 * Black Box 1987
 * Contra-Terrene
 * Conditions of the Gas Giant
 * Deathcrush (Silvester Anfang intro) (with Mayhem)

1988
 * ConGen: New Dramatic Electronic Music (with Gen Ken Montgomery)
 * CS 1 – CS 13: January 1988 – December 1988
 * Concho (with Michael Chocholak)
 * GenCon Dramatic (GenCon Live) (with Gen Ken Montgomery)

1989
 * Constellations
 * CS 89/1 – CS 89/12: January 1989 – December 1989
 * The Cassette Concert (with Gen Ken Montgomery)

1990
 * Kynak (Camma) (with Giancarlo Toniutti)
 * CS 90/1 – CS 90/12: January 1990 – December 1990
 * Confidential Tapes
 * 00/001 – 00/004: Confidential Tapes

1991
 * Contempora 00/014 – 00/031

1992
 * Tolling Toggle (with Jorg Thomasius)
 * Tonart Eins (with Tonart)
 * Ballet Statique (reissue of Con)
 * Contempora 00/032 – 00/039

1993
 * Clock Face (with Jorg Thomasius)
 * Tonart Zwei (with Tonart)
 * Con Brio
 * Contempora 00/040 – 00/044

1994
 * Blue Glow
 * Con Repetizione
 * Contempora 00/045 – 00/053

1995
 * Charred Machinery
 * Electronegativity

1997
 * 00/106
 * The Piano Works 1
 * 00/44

1999
 * Construction
 * 00/071: Piano
 * 00/063: Piano
 * Con/Solo/1
 * 00/121: Piano
 * 00/139: Concert
 * Con/Solo/2
 * Computer Jazz

2000
 * The 88 Game
 * 5.5.85 (Concert)

2001
 * Conal2001
 * Acon (with Hans-Joachim Roedelius)
 * 00/142-8 – MHz Records. Germany

2002
 * Con '72

2003
 * Live Action 1997
 * Gold
 * Contakt

2004
 * Con '72 Part II

2005
 * Mi.T.-Con 04 (with Michael Thomas Roe)

2006
 * Moon Mummy
 * Zug
 * Aquatic Vine Music (with Michael Thomas Roe)
 * Conviction
 * Con 2+
 * ElectroCon
 * Klavierhelm
 * Trigger Trilogy

2007
 * Mic + Con 07 (with Michael Thomas Roe)

2008
 * Kluster 2007 (with Michael Thomas Roe and Masato Ooyama)
 * rare tracks 1979–1982 (with Remixes by Dompteur Mooner) Erkrankung durch Musique Records
 * 20070709 (with Bernhard Woestheinrich)

2009
 * Aquafit (with Big Robot) – Karisma. Norway
 * Kluster 2008: Three Olympic Cities Mix (with Michael Thomas Roe and Masato Ooyama)
 * Horror Odyssee (with Big Robot) – TIBProd. Italy

2010
 * Kluster 2009: Three Voices (with Michael Thomas Roe and Masato Ooyama)

2011
 * Consequenz 010B (with Wolfgang Seidel) – Mirror Tapes
 * Kluster CMO 2010 (with Michael Thomas Roe and Masato Ooyama)
 * Against The Grain (with Håvard Tveito, Ole Christensen, Kjetil Manheim, Johannes Stockhausen Hektoen, Fredrik Owesen, Tord Litleskare, Nils Martin Haugfoss, Marius Håndlykken, Shawn Ytterland and Vigleik Skogerbø)

2012
 * Endtime

2015
 * GEN CON Barbarella (with Gen Ken Montgomery, Arvo Zylo, Mama Baer, Kommissar Hjuler) – Psych.KG
 * GEN CON FLUX (with Gen Ken Montgomery & Mama Baer, Kommissar Hjuler) – Psych.KG
 * genconhjulachinsky (with Gen Ken Montgomery, Steve Dalachinsky & Kommissar Hjuler) – Psych.KG

2016
 * Kontraktion (with Pharmakustik) – Rotorelief. France

2018
 * Extruder (with Pharmakustik) – Rotorelief. France

2021
 * Schubkraft (with Pharmakustik) – Rotorelief. France

title: Conrad Schnitzler


text:
Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2005-05-30/Free software trophy

The MediaWiki software won a special PHP prize in the second Trophées du Libre, a competition for free software, last Thursday. The award was presented at a ceremony in Soissons, France.

Receiving the award on behalf of the MediaWiki developers was Ryo. In announcing the victory on the wikitech mailing list, Ryo commented, "Many people often forget that, backing Wikimedia Foundation's projects, lies MediaWiki, an amazing piece of software. Today developers' efforts were recognized."

As part of the award, the MediaWiki team received several prizes. These include an actual trophy (fittingly enough), an HP dual-boot laptop, the possibility of some hosting from awards sponsor Nexen Services, and four subscriptions to DirectionPHP.

Plans for what to do with these prizes are still being discussed, and it is not certain that all of them will be put to use. The hosting, for example, is a limited arrangement and it is unclear whether it will be of much help to the Wikimedia Foundation. Brion Vibber suggested that the laptop might come in handy at the upcoming Wikimania conference, after which it will likely go to developer Tim Starling.

Note: Last week, it was incorrectly reported that MediaWiki was submitted to the awards jury by Vibber. It was actually Ryo who entered MediaWiki into the competition.

Also this week: Official positions — Time article — Rock rat — Election — Features — Vandal fighting — Substubs, templates — Trophy — T.R.O.L.L.


text:
User:Postglock

Currently a PhD student, focusing on cell biology, molecular biology, bioinformatics and evolutionary biology of protistan parisitology.

Holds an undergraduate Science degree, majoring in Botany.

Previously an audio engineer in a music studio in Sydney, Australia, but now living in Melbourne.

(Links for self:Template_messages/User_talk_namespace and /UserWatchlist)

title: User:Postglock