text:
Gillian Cross

Gillian Claire Cross (born December 24, 1945) is a British author of children's books. She won the 1990 Carnegie Medal for Wolf and the 1992 Whitbread Children's Book Award for The Great Elephant Chase. She also wrote The Demon Headmaster book series, which was later turned into a television series by the BBC in January 1996; a sequel series was produced in 2019.

Personal life and education
Gillian Clare Arnold was born in London on 24 December 1945 to James Eric and Joan Emma Arnold. As a girl, she attended the North London Collegiate School. She married Martin Cross on May 10, 1967.

Later, she received a Bachelor of Arts with first-class honours from Somerville College, Oxford in 1969, and a Master of Arts from the same university in 1972. In 1974, she received a Doctor of Philosophy degree from the University of Sussex.

Cross and her husband had four children: Jonathan George, Elizabeth Jane, Colman Anthony Richard, Katherine Clare.

Career
Before becoming a full-time writer, Cross held several different jobs, including acting as an assistant to a Member of Parliament.

In 1979, she published her first book, The Runaway. Three years later, she inaugurated The Demon Headmaster series of eight books (1982 to 2019). The same year, she also completed The Dark Behind the Curtain, a horror story illustrated by David Parkins and published by Oxford University Press. It was highly commended for the 1982 Carnegie Medal from the Library Association, recognising the year's best children's book by a British subject. A Map of Nowhere, published in 1988, was highly commended for the 1988 Carnegie. Two years later, she won the Medal two years later for Wolf, which was also runner-up for the 1991 Guardian Children's Fiction Prize.

In early 2014, she became a patron for the Leamington Spa-based charity Cord, after their work in Sudan inspired her latest novel, After Tomorrow.

In the 2024 Dorset Council election, Gillian Cross contested Beacon ward as a Labour Party candidate.

Awards and honours
Three of Cross's books are Junior Library Guild selections: The Great American Elephant Chase (1995), New World (1995), and Pictures in the Dark (1997).

In 1987, The Horn Book Magazine has included two of Cross's books on their list of the best fiction of the year: Roscoe’s Leap (1987) and The Great American Elephant Chase (1993).

title: Gillian Cross


text:
David Holmes

David Holmes may refer to:

Academics

 * David L. Holmes (1932—2023), American academic and historian of Anglicanism
 * Dave Holmes (researcher) (born 1967), Canadian researcher and academic

Arts and entertainment

 * David Holmes (musician) (born 1969), Northern Irish electronic musician and composer
 * David Holmes, drummer and vocalist for Servant
 * Dave Holmes (actor) (born 1971), American MTV VJ, television presenter, actor, and writer
 * David Holmes (actor) (born 1981), British stuntman and actor in the Harry Potter films

Politics and government

 * David Holmes (politician) (1769–1832), last governor of the Mississippi Territory and the first governor of the State of Mississippi, congressman from Virginia
 * David Holmes (trade unionist) (1843–1906), British trade unionist
 * Ronald Holmes (David Ronald Holmes, 1913–1981), British colonial government official
 * David Holmes (journalist) (1926–2014), BBC political editor
 * David S. Holmes Jr. (1914–1994), American politician in Michigan,
 * David Holmes (diplomat), United States Department of State official

Sports

 * David Holmes (businessman), former Chairman of Rangers F.C.
 * Dave Holmes (American football) (1924–1999), American football player and coach
 * Dave Holmes (sportscaster), American sportscaster

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: David Holmes


text: Category:Arms control

title: Category:Arms control


text:
Wikipedia:Wikipedia Signpost/2005-06-13/In the news

'Wikitorials' to appear at the LA Times
The LA Times this week announced that its online editorials will shortly be editable by readers via wiki software. The so-called 'wikitorials' will be introduced as part of a larger shake-up of editorial policy at the paper, with the aim of generating greater reader involvement in the paper.

Wikitorials, inspired by Wikipedia, will initially involve selected editorials, and the newspaper's staff suspect the results may be unpredictable. Editorial page editor Andrés Martinez said "We don't know how this is going to turn out. It's all about finding new ways to allow readers to interact with us in the age of the Web". One former bureau chief of the paper described the idea as "absolutely crazy".

The details of how wikitorials will work have yet to be described in detail, and commentators speculated that the paper would have trouble preventing edit wars without a predetermined point of view for an editorial to work towards expressing.

'Breathtaking' Wikipedia
An article in Business Week this week looked at the power of the mob on the Internet, as a study showed that over 15% of Americans have contributed material to the Internet. Blogs, wikis and the open source movement are all challenging the traditional dominance of proprietary software and content, and the article described Wikipedia as "the most breathtaking example" of this phenomenon.

The article quoted figures of 5 million visitors a month to the project, and noted that the current total of about 1.5 million articles in 200 languages far exceeds Encyclopædia Britannica's total of 120,000. Business Week described the quality of Wikipedia's volunteer-produced content as "surprisingly high". Wikimedia Foundation president Jimmy Wales was quoted as saying "Our work shows how quickly a traditional proprietary product can be overtaken by an open alternative", but a Britannica spokesman claimed that the sheer volume of Wikipedia articles may be too much information for most readers, and said nothing about quality.

Wikipedia to save the world
The threat of a pandemic has been much in the news recently, with the scare of the SARS virus in 2003 being followed by ongoing concerns that avian influenza, which has devastated chicken stocks in Southeast Asia, might mutate into a form easily transmitted between humans.

Having noted the wide readership of Wikipedia's article on the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami, Dr Lucas Gonzalez from the Canary Islands decided to use the Wikipedia article on the 'bird flu' as a platform to educate the public and possibly aid in the prevention of a pandemic. Editing as User:Lugon, Dr Gonzalez has been working on the article since 1 June, and his efforts were reported earlier this week by blogger Stephen O'Grady. O'Grady said it was "great to see" easy-to-use wikis allowing experts in disciplines other than technology to contribute to international collaborative projects.

Wiki pros and cons
Search engine news outlet searchviews.com this week reported on the best and worst of Wikipedia, and concluded that the best and worst feature are the very same thing — namely, the fact that it's a free-content encyclopaedia that anyone can edit. A blog on the site provided a link to the unfortunate (from a PR point of view) lamest edit wars ever page, and offered its own favourites from the edit war archives. Making the grade included one edit war in which the participants were blocked for 30 seconds as a suitably lame punishment for a lame edit war, and the edit wars over which edit wars should even be on the edit wars page.


text:
Donald Duke

Donald Duke (born 30 September 1961 in Calabar) is a Nigerian politician. He was the Governor of Cross River State, Nigeria from 29 May 1999 to 29 May 2007 and the 2019 Nigeria Presidential candidate for Social Democratic Party, SDP.

Personal life and education
Duke was born to Henry Etim Duke who was the second indigenous (after Ayodele Diyan) and longest serving Controller General of the Nigeria Customs Service (then referred to as Chairman board of Customs and excise duties).

He attended Corona School, Lagos, and Federal Government College, Sokoto.

He received his LLB degree in 1982 from Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria – Nigeria, his B.L. in 1983 from the Nigerian Law School, Lagos, and an L.L.M. in Business and Admiralty Law in 1984 from the University of Pennsylvania.

Political career
Spearheading the incumbent debt of Nigeria, Duke pushed for democracy and against military control. He stated: "What got the military out of power was not democracy but the dreadful state of the economy. If we, the democratic government, cannot deliver food for the mass of people we can forget about democracy."

Duke received praise for his contributions to the fields of agriculture, urban development, government, environment, information and communication, investment drive, and tourism, as well as having made Calabar the cleanest city in Nigeria.

He initiated the Obudu Ranch International Mountain Race which attracted contestants and visitors from other countries. In 2005, he created a special reserve fund for the state meant to ‘'hedge against economic downturn, and the inevitable rainy day'’. This was meant to cushion the effect of unforeseeable economic challenges that may occasion uncertainty in the state's internally generated revenue, as well as monthly allocation from the federal government.

He also initiated the Calabar Carnival which started in 2004 and is popularly referred to as "Africa's biggest street party."

Duke initiated the Tinapa Resort project as a way to boost business and tourism in the state. Over $350 million was spent on initial development before phase 1 opening in April 2007.

BBC reported in September 2006 that Governor Duke was the only governor specifically mentioned as not being under investigation by the federal Economic and Financial Crimes Commission. (Four other governors were also reported as not under investigation but their names were not released.)

Duke announced that he would run for the presidency in the 2007 election, but stepped aside in favour of the eventual winner, Umaru Yar'Adua.

On 8 June 2018, Duke declared interest in running for presidency in 2019.

On Tuesday, 4 September 2018, Duke after much silence as to what party he'll be running under for president, announced that he'll be leaving PDP to run under SDP.

On Monday, 14 June 2021, Duke was officially welcomed back to PDP by the party's leaders after two years of defection to SDP in the presidential race. He stated some reasons why he left, saying that the party neglected and deviated from some of their core principles, and also urged the party to return to these principles.

title: Donald Duke


text:
Wikipedia talk:Wikipedia Signpost/2005-06-13/In the news

More coverage since we published about the doctor using Wikipedia to fight influenza: WorldChanging and Boing Boing. --Michael Snow 16:19, 20 Jun 2005 (UTC)


text:
WV22

Tomb WV22, also known as KV22, was the burial place of Amenhotep III, a pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty, in the western arm of the Valley of the Kings. The tomb is unique in that it has two subsidiary burial chambers for the pharaoh's wives Tiye and Sitamen (who was also his daughter). It was officially discovered in August 1799 by Prosper Jollois and Édouard de Villiers du Terrage, engineers with Napoleon's expedition to Egypt but had probably been open for some time. The tomb was first excavated in the early 1900s by Theodore M. Davis; the details of this are lost. The first documented clearance was carried out by Howard Carter in 1915. Since 1989, a Japanese team from Waseda University led by Sakuji Yoshimura and Jiro Kondo has excavated and conserved the tomb. The sarcophagus is missing from the tomb. The tomb's layout and decoration follow the tombs of the king's predecessors, Amenhotep II (KV35) and Thutmose IV (KV43); however, the decoration is much finer in quality. Several images of the pharaoh's head have been cut out and can be seen today in the Louvre.

Location and discovery
The tomb is situated in a bay on the east side of the wadi, 2 km from the entrance to the Western Valley. Unlike earlier tombs, it is not cut into the solid rock at the cliff base but in the talus slope away from it. 60 m south of the tomb is WVA which, based on jar sealings and the types of pottery found there, likely functioned as a storeroom for overflow from WV22.

The tomb was first noted in August 1799 by Édouard de Villiers du Terrage and Prosper Jollois, engineers in Napoleon's expedition; it is possible it was known to the traveler William George Browne several years earlier. They mapped the tomb and made drawings of some of the artefacts (ushabti) found which were published in Description de l'Egypte. The tomb was visited in 1804 by a John Gordon who carved his name at the entrance. Jean-François Champollion and L'Hôte visited in 1829, leaving graffiti to that effect in chamber I; Champollion was the first to identify the owner of the tomb as Amenhotep III. Karl Richard Lepsius visited in the mid-nineteenth century and copied parts of the Amduat in the burial chamber. The tomb was visited by countless tourists during the nineteenth century, many of whom carried off souvenirs of their visit; at some point several portraits of the king were cut from the walls and are now in the Louvre.

Architecture
The tomb is 85 m long and generally follows the same layout as KV43, the tomb of Amenhotep's father Thutmose IV, although it does exhibit some changes to this basic design.

The layout consists of two descending corridors separated by stairs, leading to a well chamber, the shaft of which is 7.5 m deep. A well chamber opens to the west from the base of the shaft. The room seems to have been expanded to the west as the chisel marks in this section are different to those elsewhere in the chamber. On the other side of the well chamber a pillared hall leads to another descending passageway and stair. Uniquely there is no doorway separating these elements. The passage was likely planned to be the same scale as its equivalent in KV43 but was altered during construction. This made the angle of the steps steep, resulting in chiseling above the doorway to the antechamber, likely to allow passage of the sarcophagus.

The square antechamber leads onto the pillared burial chamber with sarcophagus emplacement; a rectangular pit, likely for the king's canopic equipment, is present at the southern end of the chamber. There are three small side rooms leading off the burial chamber and two larger chambers with a single pillar; each has an additional side chamber. One of these suites seems to have always been intended for the burial of a queen, while the other seems to have been a fourth side chamber and only enlarged after the fact, based on chisel marks and the position of the magical niches. The expansion is presumably due to Sitamun's elevation to Great Royal Wife late in Amenhotep III's reign. This situation is paralleled at Malkata, where Sitamun's rooms were squeezed in between those of her parents.

The burial chamber itself has eleven magical niches, five of which are cut into the walls and columns surrounding the sarcophagus emplacement. Two of the niches were found with half of a wood panel that originally sealed them still in place. They would have contained protective figures similar to those discovered in the tomb of Tutankhamun.

Excavations
The first excavation of the tomb was carried out on behalf of Theodore M. Davis sometime between 1905 and 1914 but the details of this clearance are unknown. Howard Carter investigated the tomb on behalf of Lord Carnarvon between 8 February and 8 March 1915. Carter's interest in the tomb stemmed from his purchase of three bracelet plaques bearing the names of Amenhotep III and Tiye on the antiquities market in 1912, possible strays from Davis' excavation. Digging began in the water course below the tomb, yielding fragments of faience, glass, and the foot of an ushabti inscribed for Tiye. Outside the entrance, Carter found five intact foundation deposits placed into holes cut into the rock, two on each side and one in the centre. These contained calf heads placed on top of groups of miniature vessels of pottery and alabaster containing food remains, model tools such as chisels and adzes, and blue faience plaques bearing the names of Amenhotep III's father Thutmose IV, indicating that construction was initiated for this king.

Inside the tomb, work focused on areas Davis had not investigated, namely the fill in the deep protective well shaft and the well chamber at its base. Carter's finds from the well shaft included the hub of a wooden chariot wheel, a faience bracelet plaque, and fragments of Third Intermediate Period coffins. He also investigated the burial chamber, where fragments of the king's calcite canopic chest were found.

Re-clearance
In September 1989 the Waseda University Egypt Archaeological Mission began a re-clearance to create a precise plan and elevation of the tomb. Looking for traces of Carter's work, excavation was conducted outside the entrance. Carter's spoil heap was located and re-investigation uncovered many small items including pieces of a lotus-shaped collar terminal from the same artefact as fragments in Highclere Castle recovered by Carter from the well shaft, fragmentary jar labels, wooden labels, and a wooden uraeus body from a statue.

While the location of the foundation deposits could not be confirmed, an additional foundation deposit was uncovered outside the entrance. Unlike those uncovered previously, it was not in a hole cut into the rock but seemed to have been placed on the surface. It contained small pottery vessels, a carved wooden knot, and a wooden rocker which were all placed in a rush basket; a calf skull was placed on top. Inside the tomb, evidence of previous excavations was encountered: stone blocks were found stacked at the base of the well shaft and the well chamber only contained stacked debris from Carter's excavation.

The antechamber was found to be relatively clear with only 50 cm of fill; it contained small fragments of pottery and painted plaster. The enlarged side chamber for Sitamun contained another large spoil heap hemmed in by a stone wall, likely from Davis' excavation. Careful sieving yielded pieces of painted plaster from the walls and ceiling, fragmentary pottery and stone vessels, and wooden objects. Fill from the clearance of the burial chamber and side rooms was also moved into this chamber. Finds included two yellow faience faces from ushabti, lapis lazuli inlays and amulets, a lapis uraeus head with inlaid eyes set in gold surrounds; and pieces of wooden and stone ushabti for Amenhotep III.

Contents
Following his death in Year 38 or 39 of his reign, Amenhotep III was interred with a range of burial goods similar to those of Tutankhamun. The king was likely buried inside nested wooden coffins with inlaid rishi (feather) decoration and possibly fitted with a gold mask; such a coffin or mask the suggested source of the lapis uraeus head found by the Japanese team. The coffins and mummy were buried within a large cartouche-shaped sarcophagus made of granite instead of the usual quartzite, the first use of this stone for a royal burial in the Eighteenth Dynasty. Only the lid remains, some 3 m long, now broken into two main pieces. The lid is inscribed with a central vertical band of text and eight horizontal bands; the underside is decorated with a winged figure of Nut. The upper surface of the lid was once covered with gold leaf. Wooden fragments suggest the sarcophagus was enclosed in a series of gilded wooden shrines. The king's canopic shrine was protected by a gilded shrine with figures of four protective goddesses, as wooden fragments of a head wearing the khat-headdress attest; this head is the same scale as the figures on Tutankhamun's canopic shrine. Fragments of the calcite canopic chest reveal winged goddesses stood astride each corner, and the stoppers took the shape of the king's head wearing a nemes-headdress.

Amenhotep was equipped with over eighty ushabti. Many of the surviving examples are in stones such as serpentine, calcite, granodiorite, and large examples in red granite. Wooden ushabti are the most numerous of the surviving ushabti. They are made of imported woods such as ebony and cedar, and featured inlaid eyes and crowns or wigs, and pigment-filled inscriptions.

Despite preparations for the burials of Tiye and Sitamun, it is doubtful that they were ever buried in the suites intended for them. Both apparently outlived Amenhotep and were buried elsewhere, as placing them within the tomb would have involved dismantling the blocked and painted doorways at the well chamber and antechamber. Nothing is known of Sitamun's burial but Tiye survived well into the reign of her son Akhenaten, and was seemingly buried in the Royal Tomb at Amarna. Carter considered that the presence of ushabti naming Tiye indicated that she was indeed interred in WV22 but the ushabti bear the titles 'Great Royal Wife' and 'Royal Mother,' indicating they were prepared in the reign of Akhenaten. This may lend support to a period of co-regency between Amenhotep III and Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten; alternatively they may be votives. Another theory is that they may indicate Tiye was ultimately reburied in WV22 after the removal of the royal burials from Amarna. The badly damaged mummy of Amenhotep III was moved from the tomb and restored in Year 13 of Smendes, and was ultimately discovered cached in KV35, the tomb of Amenhotep II, together with other Eighteenth Dynasty mummies including Tiye and The Younger Lady.

It is clear from the fragmentary remains found by excavators that the tomb had been thoroughly robbed in antiquity. The gold fittings from the coffins had been stripped and emptied of their inlays, a few of which were found in the tomb, such as a lapis lazuli vulture headdress worn by a queen or goddess. A mass of inlays and gold foil were carried to the main valley and found cached near KV36, the tomb of Maiherpri, by Carter in 1902. The sarcophagus box is missing and no fragments of it were found in the course of the excavation. It was likely removed for reuse during the official emptying of the royal valley in the Third Intermediate Period.

The fragments of intrusive burials found by Carter in the well, also from the Third Intermediate Period, were likely introduced after the king's body and sarcophagus were removed. One coffin belonged to a man named Padihor, while the other belonged to a woman whose name is lost but whose mother was Tabesheribet.

Decoration
The walls and ceilings of the burial chamber, antechamber, and well shaft are all completely decorated; the chamber for Tiye is partly decorated with kheker-friezes. In the well chamber and antechamber the paintings were executed over the blocked and plastered doorways. For the first time the king is accompanied by his ka and seen before Hathor, now differentiated from her role as Mistress of the West, and Nut.

In the well chamber, Amenhotep is accompanied by the ka of his father, suggested by Betsy Bryan to show that the king considered the foundation of the tomb by his father to be important. Alternatively, Kondo sees this as remnants of decoration indicating the tomb was originally intended for Thutmose.

The burial chamber is decorated with complete and abridged versions of the Amduat with the figures and text executed in cursive style.

Unfortunately, from the time of discovery, the decoration of the tomb has been in poor condition. Lepsius, who visited and copied sections of the Amduat from the walls of the burial chamber, described the tomb as "...covered with beautiful sculptures, though, alas! much mutilated by time and human hands." The paintings are damaged by salt efforescence, and sections of plaster have detached from the underlying rock, especially on the lower portions of walls. Portions of decoration have been cut out, now seen in the Louvre. As part of the Waseda excavations, restoration of the paintings was undertaken by a team of Japanese, Egyptian, and Italian experts who had previously worked on the restoration of QV66, the tomb of Nefertari.

Graffito
A hieratic inscription (graffito) is located high up on the wall in the door way leading to the antechamber from the final flight of stairs. It reads "Year 3, third month of Akhet, day 7." It appears to be contemporary with the era of the tomb, although it is unclear what exactly it refers to. It may indicate the final closing of the tomb, with the 'Year 3' presumably referring to the reign of his son and successor, Akhenaten, or it may indicate the date that the tomb was inspected for Tiye's reburial, or the date of her reburial. Marianne Eaton-Krauss attributes the graffito to the reign of Smenkhkare, while Marc Gabolde suggests it is contemporary with the graffito of Pawah, dating the reburial to the reign of Neferneferuaten. Nozomu Kawai identifies the reburial as occurring in Year 3 of the reign of Tutankhamun.

title: WV22


text:
List of highways numbered 25

The following highways are numbered 25:

International

 * Asian Highway 25
 * European route E25
 * Arab Mashreq Road 25

Argentina

 * RN25-AR.svg National Route 25

Australia

 * Barton Highway (A25) ( – Under Construction)
 * Palmerston Highway (State Route 25) – (Queensland)
 * – King Island (Tasmania)

Austria

 * A25-AT.svg Welser Autobahn

Canada

 * Alberta Highway 25.svg Alberta Highway 25
 * Manitoba Highway 25.svg Manitoba Highway 25
 * Ontario 25.svg Ontario Highway 25 (former)
 * PEI Highway 25.svg Prince Edward Island Route 25
 * Quebec Autoroute 25.svg Quebec Autoroute 25
 * Saskatchewan Highway 25 (jct).svg Saskatchewan Highway 25

China

 * China Expwy G25 sign with name.svg G25 Expressway

Colombia

 * Rutacol-25.svg National Route 25

Czech Republic

 * SilniceI25.svg I/25 Highway; Czech: Silnice I/25

Finland

 * Finland road sign F29-25.svg Finnish national road 25

Germany

 * Bundesautobahn 25 number.svg Bundesautobahn 25

Iceland

 * ISL 25.svg Route 25 (Iceland)

Ireland

 * IRL N25.svg N25 road (Ireland)

Israel

 * ISR-HW-25.svg Highway 25 (Israel)

Italy

 * Autostrada A25 Italia.svg Autostrada A25

Japan

 * Japanese National Route Sign 0025.svg Japan National Route 25
 * JP Expressway E25.svg Meihan Expressway
 * JP Expressway E25.svg Nishi-Meihan Expressway

Korea, South

 * Korea Expressway No.25.svg Expressway 25
 * Korea Expressway No.25.svg Honam Expressway
 * Korea Expressway No.25.svg Nonsan–Cheonan Expressway
 * Korea National Route No.25.svg National Route 25

Mexico

 * Carretera federal 25.svg Mexican Federal Highway 25

New Zealand

 * State Highway 25 NZ.svg New Zealand State Highway 25
 * State Highway 25A NZ.svg New Zealand State Highway 25A

Romania

 * RO Roadsign 25.svg Drumul Național 25 (DN25)

United Kingdom

 * UK road A25.svg British A25 (Addington-Guilford)
 * UK-Motorway-M25.svg M25 (London Circular)
 * UK road A25.svg A25 road (Northern Ireland)

United States

 * I-25.svg Interstate 25
 * US 25.svg U.S. Route 25
 * US 25W.svg U.S. Route 25W
 * US 25E.svg U.S. Route 25E
 * New England 25.svg New England Route 25 (former)
 * Alabama 25.svg Alabama State Route 25
 * Arkansas 25.svg Arkansas Highway 25
 * California 25.svg California State Route 25
 * CR A25 jct.svg County Route A25 (California)
 * CR J25 jct.svg County Route J25 (California)
 * CR S25 jct.svg County Route S25 (California)
 * Colorado State Highway 25 (1938-1968) (former)
 * Connecticut Highway 25.svg Connecticut Route 25
 * Florida 25.svg Florida State Road 25
 * Lake County Road 25 FL.svg County Road 25 (Lake County, Florida)
 * Marion County Road 25 FL.svg County Road 25 (Marion County, Florida)
 * Georgia 25.svg Georgia State Route 25
 * Idaho 25.svg Idaho State Highway 25
 * Illinois 25.svg Illinois Route 25
 * Indiana 25.svg Indiana State Road 25
 * Circle sign 25.svg Iowa Highway 25
 * K-25.svg K-25 (Kansas highway)
 * Louisiana 25 (2008).svg Louisiana Highway 25
 * MA Route 25.svg Maine State Route 25
 * MD Route 25.svg Maryland Route 25
 * MA Route 25.svg Massachusetts Route 25
 * M-25.svg M-25 (Michigan highway)
 * MN-25.svg Minnesota State Highway 25
 * Hennepin County 25.svg County Road 25 (Hennepin County, Minnesota)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Road 25 (Ramsey County, Minnesota)
 * Washington County Route 25 MN.svg County Road 25 (Washington County, Minnesota)
 * Circle sign 25.svg Mississippi Highway 25
 * MO-25.svg Missouri Route 25
 * MT-25.svg Montana Highway 25
 * N-25.svg Nebraska Highway 25
 * Nevada 25.svg Nevada State Route 25 (former)
 * NH Route 25.svg New Hampshire Route 25
 * NJ 25 (cutout).svg New Jersey Route 25 (former)
 * Monmouth County Route 25 NJ.svg County Route 25 (Monmouth County, New Jersey)
 * NY-25.svg New York State Route 25
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Allegany County, New York)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Cattaraugus County, New York)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Chenango County, New York)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Columbia County, New York)
 * Essex County Route 25 NY.svg County Route 25 (Essex County, New York)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Genesee County, New York)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Jefferson County, New York)
 * Nassau County Route 25 NY.svg County Route 25 (Nassau County, New York)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Niagara County, New York)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Oneida County, New York)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Onondaga County, New York)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Ontario County, New York)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Oswego County, New York)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Otsego County, New York)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Schoharie County, New York)
 * Suffolk County Route 25 NY.svg County Route 25 (Suffolk County, New York)
 * Sullivan County Route 25 NY.svg County Route 25 (Sullivan County, New York)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Tioga County, New York)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Ulster County, New York)
 * Washington County Route 25 NY.svg County Route 25 (Washington County, New York)
 * CR 25 jct.svg County Route 25 (Westchester County, New York)
 * Yates County Route 25 NY.svg County Route 25 (Yates County, New York)
 * NC 25.svg North Carolina Highway 25 (former)
 * ND-25 (2015).svg North Dakota Highway 25
 * OH-25.svg Ohio State Route 25
 * Oklahoma State Highway 25.svg Oklahoma State Highway 25
 * Redwood Highway No. 25 in Oregon
 * PA-25.svg Pennsylvania Route 25
 * South Carolina 25.svg South Carolina Highway 25 (former)
 * SD 25.svg South Dakota Highway 25
 * Tennessee 25.svg Tennessee State Route 25
 * Texas 25.svg Texas State Highway 25
 * Texas Loop 25.svg Texas State Highway Loop 25
 * Texas FM 25.svg Farm to Market Road 25 (former)
 * Texas Park Road 25.svg Texas Park Road 25
 * Utah SR 25.svg Utah State Route 25
 * Vermont 25.svg Vermont Route 25
 * Virginia 25 (1924).svg State Route 25 (Virginia 1918-1933) (former)
 * WA-25.svg Washington State Route 25
 * WV-25.svg West Virginia Route 25
 * WIS 25.svg Wisconsin Highway 25

 * Territories
 * PR urban primary 25.svg Puerto Rico Highway 25
 * PR urban primary 25R.svg Puerto Rico Highway 25R

title: List of highways numbered 25


text:
The Corinthian

The Corinthian can refer to:
 * Corinthian (comics), a character in The Sandman comic books
 * The Corinthian (Manhattan), an apartment building in New York City
 * The Corinthian (novel), a 1940 book by Georgette Heyer

title: The Corinthian


text:
Talk:Bolex

Untitled
Shouldn´t it read motion-picture film cameras, etc. ? --80.219.86.145 12:23, 3 February 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot 14:54, 9 November 2007 (UTC)

Is this Antiques Roadshow?
I ask because the article goes to enormous lengths telling us that Bolex cameras that have a label with the word "Reflex" on it are more valuable than those without it, but it never actually explains *why*. From the article, I deduce that the word "Reflex" actually means "In original packaging in mint condition" (text in quotes to be read in Comic Book Guy voice.) --208.152.231.254 (talk) 14:44, 15 September 2009 (UTC)

Digital Bolex D16
Why does this article mention the "D16"? It's a camera by a company called "digital bolex" that only claimed to have licensed the "bolex"-name. And so far the "D16" has no similarities to a H16 (maybe except for the grip and the C-mount)?! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 62.220.3.26 (talk) 09:36, 14 March 2012 (UTC) The official Bolex website (bolex.ch) now mentions the Digital Bolex. It's a real Bolex product. 71.84.52.196 (talk) 08:15, 2 July 2012 (UTC) The digital Bolex has not much to do with Bolex except for marketing reason.

In pop Culture
In Infinite Jest Mario uses a "Bolex H64 Rex 5". This camera does not exist in this article. So either the article is wrong or may be because the book is set in the future the author of the book is extrapolation from H8, H16 to H64. QuentinUK (talk) 17:18, 27 July 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Bolex


text: User talk:209.50.141.2

title: User talk:209.50.141.2


text: User talk:68.75.29.49

title: User talk:68.75.29.49


text:
Hardline (band)

Hardline is an American hard rock band. Originally formed in 1991 by brothers Johnny Gioeli and Joey Gioeli, the band consisted of five members, Johnny Gioeli, Joey Gioeli, Neal Schon, Todd Jensen and Deen Castronovo. The band's most recent album is Heart, Mind and Soul, which was released in 2021. Joey Gioeli has not appeared on a Hardline album since 2002's II after retiring from music to focus on the family business. Joey Gioeli has created an AI company that has had revenue since its inception in 1994 of over 165 million dollars. Johnny Gioeli remains the only original member of the band. To date (2024), the Band Hardline has sold over 30 million albums worldwide.

Formation, debut album and first breakup (1991–1992)
Hardline is a band created by brothers Johnny Gioeli and Joey Gioeli, who had previously played in the bands Killerhit and Brunette, starred in the unreleased Roman Coppola film 'Smash Crash & Burn' as the band Royal Smash, and later played in the band Gravity, and have since returned to Hardline. The band originally also included guitarist Neal Schon of Journey and Bad English, bassist Todd Jensen (ex-Sequel), and drummer Deen Castronovo. The group's sound was a mainstream commercialized mixture of glam metal and AOR. Two of the group's first songs were played in the movie Rapid Fire which starred Brandon Lee, the son of martial arts expert, Bruce Lee, at the actor's request.

Their debut album Double Eclipse was released on April 28, 1992, and was well received by audiences and had extensive radio airplay at the time. It consisted of many tracks suitable for the album-oriented rock genre. They toured with artists such as Mr. Big and Extreme across America. Several music videos such as "Hot Cherie", "Takin' Me Down", and "Can't Find My Way" were made to promote the album. The Streetheart / Danny Spanos cover of "Hot Cherie" was their most famous performance. The Japanese edition of the album featured the bonus track "Love Leads the Way". Although they mainly performed as opening acts for artists, they did do their own shows too. Plans for a Japan tour were also made but folded after the band broke up in late 1992. Extensive touring in other countries such as Europe were also planned, but again did not materialise after the band's initial break up.

On November 2, 1992, the Hardline song "In the Hands of Time" was played in its entirety during a montage on the "Princess of Tides" episode of the TV serial, Baywatch.

Reunion attempts, new line-up and II (1995–2003)
After Hardline lost its record deal, Neal Schon departed to begin several projects before finally rejoining Journey. Former Jag Panzer and Shrapnel Records legend Joey Tafolla was approached to join but was unable to participate at the time due to his work schedule, consisting primarily of building his southern California merchandising company. Todd Jensen and Deen Castronovo left to join Ozzy Osbourne's backing band, though Jensen was replaced by Geezer Butler. Eventually, Deen Castronovo also joined Journey.

Drummer Bobby Rock played on Hardline's second album, II. He had previously played several times with the Gioeli brothers in the band Brunette, replacing their regular drummer. They met via Rock's former Vinnie Vincent Invasion bandmate Dana Strum, who produced one of Brunette's demos, on which Rock played some drum tracks. Rock suggested his friend, LA session bassist Christopher Maloney, who had previously worked with Dweezil Zappa, to handle the bass duties on II. Due to Maloney's focus on promoting his solo album Control as well as working with other artists, he was unable to join the band for "The Gods Festival" in Bradford, England in June 2002. Producer Bob Burch played bass at the festival in his stead.

Angel keyboardist Michael T. Ross, a friend to Tafolla, joined the band for II and the live DVD. Former The Storm guitarist Josh Ramos was signed up to play lead guitar for Hardline at "The Gods Festival," and, when Tafolla was unable to finish recording lead guitar for II, was brought in and, in two long, pressure-packed days, laid down all the leads for the album. Johnny Gioeli was displeased with the performance at The Gods festival, and often discredits it. The band tried to revive the original Hardline line up for the performance, but things didn't go to plan. He could not stop the DVD and CDs from being released due to the Frontiers record label's demands, the two bonus tracks "Hypnotised" and "Mercy" were released without his permission. The acoustic version of "Only a Night" is also available on the CD version, which was also an exclusive bonus track from Japan.

Changes, Leaving the End Open and second breakup (2009–2010)
Hardline's third studio album, Leaving the End Open, was released on April 17, 2009, in Europe and on May 19 in the United States, after much delay. It was originally slated for release in Spring 2006. Recording began in 2004, then under the title "Just Add Water". They initially asked ex Ozzy Osbourne and Quiet Riot bassist Rudy Sarzo to join the band, but he was busy with other projects at the time. Instead, White Fang bassist Jamie Brown took his place, with Atma Anur on drums and returning member Michael T Ross on keyboards. The album could be described as a co-project between Gioeli and Ramos, the latter having contributed significantly to the lyrics and concept of the project. The album's artwork is also the first album cover by the group that doesn't include a reference to their first album, Double Eclipse. Johnny Gioeli expressed interest for touring for this album but plans never materialised, as he was busy touring with Axel Rudi Pell at the time. This line up is one of the only eras of Hardline that never played live on stage with the members of this album.

Italian new era with Alessandro Del Vecchio (2011–present)
On December 22, 2011, Johnny Gioeli confirmed, via the Frontiers Records official site, that it had been announced that he and Italian keyboard player and producer Alessandro Del Vecchio of Edge of Forever and Eden's Curse would release Hardline's fourth studio album in mid-2012. Entitled Danger Zone, the new album's art features an eclipse to commemorate the twentieth anniversary of the debut album Double Eclipse and was released on May 18, 2012, by Frontiers Records. Del Vecchio commented that he had written the lyrics and music for the album with Gioeli's vocals in mind, and sent demos to Frontiers president Serafino Perugino, who then sent the demos to Gioeli, who immediately became interested in reforming Hardline once again. Music video shooting for the track "Fever Dreams" began on April 15, and the final video was released on May 18. Via Frontiers Records's official electronic press kit for Danger Zone, Johnny Gioeli and Alessandro Del Vecchio announced that "by the time you watch this, we will already be working on the next [album]."

Hardline appeared live, for the first time since "The Gods Festival," at the Sweden Rock Festival on June 7, 2013. Axel Rudi Pell drummer Mike Terrana and returning Hardline guitarist Josh Ramos joined the band in place of Thorsten Koehne and Francesco Jovino to play ten songs from all four Hardline albums, notably performing songs from Leaving the End Open and Danger Zone live for the first time. Additionally, Hardline played in person at the tenth anniversary of the Melodic Rock Festival "Firefest" in Nottingham on October 19, 2013, as the headlining band. Drummer Mark Cross stood in for Mike Terrana for the performance, and bass player Nikola Mazzucconi stood in for Anna Portalupi.

On October 14, 2016, Hardline released their fifth album called Human Nature with returning guitarist Josh Ramos, first time performing on a Hardline album since 2009's Leaving the End Open but had been continuously touring with the group since 2013. Human Nature was received quite positively by fans and critics, with offering homages to their 1992 debut album Double Eclipse with a fresh new sound. They performed only 2 shows in 2016, but toured extensively for the new record throughout Europe during 2017. A Japanese edition of Human Nature was also released which includes a special orchestral arrangement of Take You Home. During 2017 their Human Nature tour was changed to the Double Eclipse 25th Anniversary Tour which was also that year, however newer songs from Human Nature were also still performed. These tours were very successful.

On May 6, 2018, it was announced that long time guitarist since 2002, Josh Ramos would leave Hardline, due to conflicts over production reasons and creative differences. Ramos was quickly replaced with the guitarist Mario Percudani who appeared on the Gioeli - Castronovo side project album (which also featured original Hardline member Deen Castronovo on drums & guest vocals) and is now a permanent member. On August 14, 2018, Johnny Gioeli confirmed during a new update video for his Pledgemusic campaign for his upcoming solo album that Hardline were working on their sixth album titled Life, which was eventually released April 26, 2019. It is the first album to feature their new guitarist. It also contains a cover of the Queen song "Who Wants To Live Forever" as Gioeli often exclaims that Freddie Mercury is a huge influence on his voice, and many Hardline fans often compare the two singers that sound alike. The cover was also a dedication to Mercury and Queen. An extensive tour of the Life album followed, which began in 2019 majorly across Europe and Germany, and still continues in 2020, but was halted in the middle of the year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It is confirmed that the postponed dates will take place in 2021. A forthcoming live CD and DVD set, 'Life [Live]' was recorded and filmed at the Frontiers Rock Festival in 2019 in Milan Italy, featuring tracks from the Life album performed live for the very first time, as well as classics from Double Eclipse, and special guest appearance by Deen Castronovo on drums for certain songs from the Double Eclipse era tracks. Released in February 2020, it will be their first official live recording since the Live at the Gods Festival 2002 CD & DVD release in 2003.

On April 29, 2021, with the first single, "Fuel to the Fire", the band had announced the new studio album, Heart, Mind and Soul, that was released on July 9, 2021, via Frontiers Music SRL.

In April 2022, guitarist Mario Percudani announced his departure from Hardline via Facebook, but left on good terms. He was quickly replaced by Andrea Seveso.

Current members

 * Johnny Gioeli – lead vocals, acoustic guitar (1991–1992, 1999–present)
 * Alessandro Del Vecchio – keyboards, backing vocals (2011–present)
 * Anna Portalupi – bass (2011–present)
 * Marco Di Salvia – drums (2018–present)
 * Andrea Seveso – guitars (2022–present)

Guitars

 * Joey Gioeli (1991–1992, 1999–2003)
 * Neal Schon (1991–1992)
 * Joey Tafolla (2000–2002)
 * Josh Ramos (2002–2009, 2012–2018)
 * JJ Links (2003–2004)
 * Thorsten Koehne (2011–2012)
 * Mario Percudani (2019–2022)

Bass

 * Todd Jensen (1991–1992)
 * Christopher Maloney (2001–2002)
 * Bob Burch (2002, live only)
 * Rudy Sarzo (2004)
 * Jamie Brown (2005–2009)

Keyboards

 * Michael T. Ross (2001–2009)

Drums

 * Deen Castronovo (1991–1992, 2019)
 * Bobby Rock (2001–2002)
 * Atma Anur (2004–2009)
 * Francesco Jovino (2011–2012, 2014–2018)
 * Mike Terrana (2012–2013)
 * Matthias Montgomery (2015–2016)

Studio albums

 * Double Eclipse (1992)
 * II (2002)
 * Leaving the End Open (2009)
 * Danger Zone (2012)
 * Human Nature (2016)
 * Life (2019)
 * Heart, Mind and Soul (2021)

Live albums

 * Live at the Gods Festival 2002 (2003)
 * Life (2020)

title: Hardline (band)


text:
User:The Power of Reason

I will not edit here again. The Power of Human Reason 20:15, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: User:The Power of Reason


text:
John Mohr

John Mohr may refer to:
 * John W. Mohr (1956–2019), American sociologist
 * John P. Mohr (1910–1997), administrator with the US Federal Bureau of Investigation

title: John Mohr


text:
Talk:Personal Shorthand

Amended so not so much of an advertisement - for example, challengeable claims of its superiority have been removed. Now just description of system, as per Gregg, Pitman etc. (Dawble 12:34, 28 February 2006 (UTC))
 * Thank you. Un-hyping hype is never easy, and I appreciate your effort. If inspiration strikes me, I might be able to help make the tone even more neutral. (In my first revision here, basically just prose cleanup, I removed the "or even special punctuations [sic]", because the "even" had non-neutral tone.) Sean M. Burke (talk) 06:15, 9 November 2010 (UTC)

For a June 2005 deletion debate over this page see Votes for deletion/Personal Shorthand

This article seems to me to be simply an advertisement. I believe it should be deleted, marked as a stub, merged with the main shorthand article, or made into part of a new article about proprietary shorthand systems. Or ?? Too Old 19:19, 2005 Jun 6 (UTC)

As a casual reader, I don't see anything wrong with the page as it is. Although a short bit of information like this could be included in another article, Personal Shorthand has enough significance to have its own page, and it's possible I'd be looking for just this information. Maybe that's what the contents of the page about discussing its deletion contains, since Personal Shorthand is still here. I came here looking for a bit more information though, and an example. 151.151.21.99 18:34, 3 November 2006 (UTC)
 * I basically agree with you- casual reader, not bowled over by ad tone, etc. For the odd bits (and lack of examples), I'll try to fix them. Sean M. Burke (talk) 06:34, 9 November 2010 (UTC)

The article says: "There are six Theory Rules". Well, what are they? Sean M. Burke (talk) 06:18, 9 November 2010 (UTC)

Desperately needs examples and illustration. Sean M. Burke (talk) 06:21, 9 November 2010 (UTC)

Towards a Rewrite from Primary Materials
In spite of good attempts at cleanup, it's clear that the original author of this text had a less than superb command of the English language. Given that, and the problems of tone in this article (even though I would grant them basically good faith although way too, uh, earnest)-- I have to agree that this article needs a full rewrite. I'm going to get some books on this subject via Interlibrary Loan, partly so I can do a quick two- or three- paragraph summary plus examples, and partly because I'm curious what on Earth this system must have looked like. What where its mysterious sIx pRiNcIples!??! ooo aaah, etc. So (inhale) I hereby volunteer to be the complete-rewriter. The books will take a few weeks to arrive. Go Team Venture! Sean M. Burke (talk) 06:34, 9 November 2010 (UTC)

Indeed a month later: I've gotten an English↔PS dictionary and a Personal Shorthand for the Journalist. It looks at first lk y jst drp ltrs, n whs s invtv ab tht? But it's actually systematic... at dropping letters. Basically. I shall spastically attempt an explanation, at least illucidating The Six Principles. (Fun idea: maybe a program to automated translate arbitrary English text into this. And by "fun" I mean let's write Baudot-to-UTF7 in Modula!) Sean M. Burke (talk) 10:02, 8 December 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Personal Shorthand


text:
North–South Powerline

The North–South Powerline, or Nord-Süd-Leitung, is the world's oldest interconnection for electric current. It was built between 1924 and 1929 by RWE AG, to transport electricity produced in the hydro-electric power plants in Vorarlberg, Austria and the southern Black Forest to the Ruhr district.

The line begins in Bludenz and in Herbertingen connects with a second line, which comes from Tiengen. It continues to the transformer stations at Ludwigsburg-Hoheneck, Mannheim-Rheinau, Kelsterbach, Koblenz, and Bad Neuenahr to Brauweiler.

The entire line was originally installed on pylons with a three-tiered arrangement. With the exception of the Kelsterbach–Koblenz and Heilbronn–Neckarwestheim sections of the line, the North–South Powerline is still carried by the original masts. For the section which travels through Bad Neuenahr, Koblenz, Kelsterbach, Mannheim/Rheinau and Ludwigsburg/Hoheneck, C1-pylons are used; in other sections, C2 and C3 pylons are used, depending upon the need for the lines to withstand loads of ice during the winter. In 1964, an electric circuit of the section traveling through Ludwigsburg/Hoheneck, Herbertingen and Tiengen switched over to 380 kV. In the section between the transformer stations Ludwigsburg–Hoheneck and Mannheim/Rheinau, an electric circuit was deemed to be dispensable in the year 2003. The two lowest conductors on this section of the line were dismantled between 10 November and 16 December 2003, to make better use of the land beneath the line route. The dispensable fourth conductor on the masts was left as an anchor. To make space for the fourth runway of Frankfurt Airport, the section around Kelsterbach was removed in 2008.

title: North–South Powerline


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Talk:Bono Manso

I have changed all instances where the name of the city was spelled Bono Mansu into Bono Manso as to make spelling consistent. I have chosen the spelling of Manso because this was the spelling of the name used in the title. Probably, the name Bono Mansu should be included somewhere in the article, but I have not included it so as not to mess with the lay-out.--Santetjan 18:17, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Be bold!, as they say — you're most welcome to make this sort of changes (and all kinds of others, really) yourself. One of my sources has Bono-Mansu, that's why I mixed them up halfway the article. I've added the alternate name to the lead section. Thanks for explaining your actions! — mark ✎ 15:51, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

There seems to be a problem in this article: last paragraph under "History." According to Google Earth, there are two Mansos in Ghana, neither of which is in Brong-Ahafo.71.238.140.206 (talk) 01:25, 17 February 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bono Manso


text:
Category:LGBT culture

Articles relating to LGBT culture, the shared culture of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning, and queer individuals.

title: Category:LGBT culture


text:
The Demon Headmaster

The Demon Headmaster is a series of books by Gillian Cross which were later adapted as a television series starring Terrence Hardiman in the title role and Frances Amey as Dinah.

The title character is a strange being with the powers of hypnosis and a desire to take over the world, as he believes it will be better under his ordered rule. He has piercing light green eyes, which he normally hides behind dark-tinted glasses —- removing these in order to hypnotise his victims.

Very little about the Demon Headmaster or his background is shown in the books. His name is never revealed; he is referred to only as 'the Headmaster' both in the books and on television, except when he takes on an alias —- such as the Computer Director in The Prime Minister's Brain, for example; and on each occasion he uses a title rather than a name. It's revealed in-narrative that he does have a name (Brain has characters forced to add the name to a list of people allowed to visit the Prime Minister, and Takes Over involves the Headmaster's name as a plot point), but the name itself is never spoken by anyone.

Reading order

 * The Demon Headmaster - ISBN 0-19-275374-6
 * The Prime Minister's Brain - ISBN 0-19-275372-X
 * The Revenge of the Demon Headmaster - ISBN 0-19-275373-8
 * The Demon Headmaster Strikes Again - ISBN 0-19-275388-6
 * The Demon Headmaster Takes Over - ISBN 0-19-275389-4
 * Beware of the Demon Headmaster - ISBN 0-19-275236-7 (a short story about the Demon Headmaster, without the other characters)
 * Facing the Demon Headmaster - ISBN 0-19-275369-X
 * Total Control - ISBN 9780192745750
 * Mortal Danger - ISBN 9780192766069

Demon Headmaster
First published in 1982.

Dinah Glass moves in with Lloyd and Harvey Hunter and at first, does not like them. Soon she discovers that at her new school, the Headmaster is very strange and she finds herself saying things like, "I think the Headmaster is a marvellous man and this is the best school I've ever been to". With the help of her new friends, SPLAT, (Society for the Protection of our Lives Against Them, the children at the school who are immune to the Demon Headmaster's hypnotic powers), she successfully stops the Headmaster's plot to hypnotise the country through the Eddy Hair Television Show and she gets adopted by the Hunters. This became the first three episodes of the first series of the television adaptation.

The Prime Minister's Brain
First published in 1985.

Dinah wins a place in the final of a computer competition, and she and SPLAT go to the finals. Little does she realise that the computer competition is a plot by the Demon Headmaster to take over the world, by hacking into the Prime Minister's computer (The Prime Minister's Brain) and hypnotising the Prime Minister, thus allowing him to meet the other world leaders and gain control of them himself. This became the last three episodes of the first series of the television adaptation. (Later republished as The Demon Headmaster and the Prime Minister's Brain following the success of the television series.)

The Revenge of the Demon Headmaster
First published in 1994. as "Hunky Parker is Watching You".

When Ingrid turns up at a SPLAT meeting she is raving about Hunky Parker, a new TV show. It is the latest craze, she says, and soon everyone will be hooked. The other SPLAT members disagree until Ingrid shows them her Hunky video, which Dinah eventually realises is due to subliminal messages in the tape. Tracking the source of Hunky Parker merchandise, SPLAT learns that it has been created by the Demon Headmaster, attempting to trigger riots for new merchandise that he can use to exert his control over the populace.

The Demon Headmaster Strikes Again
First published in 1996.

Dinah's father is headhunted for a new job at the Biogenetic Research Centre, unaware that the Demon Headmaster is the director. This time his lust for power sees him meddling with evolution itself. He has created an Evolution Accelerator: a machine to speed up the evolution process and produce the perfect human, beginning with the development of a fast-growing poisonous creeper that attacks Lloyd. But for this, he needs Dinah's DNA - combining it with a lizard to create Eve, a human/lizard hybrid who possesses Dinah's intellect but lacks her emotions - and then put her into terrible danger, pitting her against Eve to test his theories. This became series two of the television adaptation.

The Demon Headmaster Takes Over
First published in 1997.

When the army starts dismantling the research centre, Dinah contacts Professor Claudia Rowe, an expert on botanical sciences who has expressed an interest in the creeper. Then weird things start to happen. Libraries start closing and their books are taken away. Telephones stop working, and there is no internet access. People start talking like robots, even Claudia Rowe, and more and more of the population seem to be wearing strange badges. Dinah's search leads her to the university where she finds the mysterious Director developing "Hyperbrain", a computer with superhuman intelligence and deadly potential. SPLAT swiftly realises that, although the original Headmaster was killed when he fell into the Evolution Accelerator, the machine still recorded his DNA and was thus able to create a clone, lacking the originals memories but retaining his lust for control. This became the third and final series of the television adaptation.

Facing the Demon Headmaster
First published in 2002.

The new club Purple is the place to go - if one can get in - and Mandy's cousin, Ellie, persuades Dinah and her friends to come along too. The man everyone wants to see is DJ Pardoman whose face keeps changing from Elvis to Madonna to Brad Pitt. His electronic mask is mesmerising but no one knows who he really is. When the kids visit his website they find an online competition: the person who finds out DJ Pardoman's true identity will be allowed to lift off the mask. Dinah, thinking the whole setup strange, joins in out of curiosity. In her search she stumbles across something amazing: her real father might be alive after years of thinking he was dead. Dinah must find out more. But she only realises the truth of these strange coincidences too late. This time the Demon Headmaster is intent on ensuring that Dinah will not interfere with his plans.

Total Control
First published in 2017.

The story continues with a new group of children, in a new school, without SPLAT's members. The stories centers on Lizzie, her younger brother, their friend Ethan and Angelika. Lizzie and her brother return from the United States, where their mother had surgery. After returning to their school, they realise that the school has a new headmaster and the students are showing exceptional talents, even their bully enemy Blake. However Lizzie suddenly starts to behave aggressive against the school, her brother becomes a robotics genius and their recent made friend Ethan becomes a soccer star. But when they try to talk, or even think about those sudden changes, their minds goes blank. Ethan eventually discover that the Headmaster is hypnotising and controlling everybody in the school. They team up with Angelika (a girl who suddenly became a coffee business enthusiast) and even Blake (who became a Multilingual greeter) and discovers the great plot of The Headmaster to show to the Prime Minister the great results of the school, thus allowing The Headmaster to administer other schools.

Mortal Danger
First published in 2019.

Short stories
In 1998, Puffin Books released a series of goody bags on certain themes and featured a notepad, pencil, rubber, etc., along with a small book. In the 'Fantasy' goody bag there was a book calling 'Crash Landing & Other Stories' by Gillian Cross. This book contains three short stories about the Demon Headmaster or people similar to him.

The first story, called 'Crash Landing', is set at some point after The Prime Minister's Brain, and is about the Demon Headmaster crashing his getaway helicopter in a small village, although he is identified only as 'the Visitor'. It features SPLAT-type characters, including a lead named Charity who actually reads the Demon Headmaster books in the story, Charity defeating the Headmaster by using mirrored sunglasses to trick him into hypnotising himself.

The second story, called Carnival!, does not explicitly identify one of its characters as the Demon Headmaster, but from the illustrations and description are meant to make it obvious that it is him.

The third story is called 'Maths Homework', and features a teacher referred to as Old Webster. This is not the Demon Headmaster but is a very similar character. The introduction to the story says, 'Maybe you think you have spotted the Demon Headmaster somewhere. Are you sure? Things aren't always what they seem.'

In the front of the book it says that 'Crash Landing' was first published in Shark And Chips And Other Stories, and that 'Carnival' was published in the Young Telegraph in 1996. The third story is not mentioned.

Dinah Glass Hunter
Dinah is the main protagonist in the story The Demon Headmaster by Gillian Cross. She arrives in the story at the Hunters' house as a foster child, having been orphaned at an early age and brought up in a children's home. She is extraordinarily intelligent, but she normally keeps this quiet. Her intelligence causes the Headmaster to take an interest in her, and makes her pivotal in his plans to win a national school quiz competition for nefarious ends, as well as other subsequent plots, made easier by the fact that she is the only member of SPLAT not immune to his hypnosis. At the end of the first story, Dinah is adopted by the Hunter family and becomes Dinah Hunter.

Lloyd Hunter
He is son of Mr and Mrs Hunter. He is the founder and leader of the Society for the Protection of our Lives Against Them, or SPLAT as it is known. Lloyd is one of only five children in the entire school whom the Headmaster is unable to hypnotise. Lloyd comes across as arrogant and cocky at times and also is not the brightest kid at school unlike his now proper sister, Dinah, but Lloyd has shown on more than one occasion he is by no means stupid and is a more than capable leader of SPLAT even though he does come across as bossy and hates people stealing his thunder. Lloyd at first is very hostile towards Dinah and also takes the longest to accept her out of all the members of SPLAT, but eventually he is the first to suggest that his and Harvey's parents adopt Dinah. A standing joke within the stories is Lloyd's tendency to make loud alliterative exclamations when annoyed or surprised, typically involving strange-coloured foodstuffs - e.g. 'Black bananas!'

Harvey Hunter
Harvey is a pleasant laid-back boy, very different to his older brother, Lloyd. It is clear he is very close to Lloyd, possibly because Lloyd has always looked out for him at school and helped him stay out of trouble with the Headmaster. Harvey accepts Dinah into the family and SPLAT a lot quicker than Lloyd and the others do, and soon is as close to his new sister as he is his brother. Harvey seems to understand Dinah more than Lloyd does and is more prepared to listen to her.

Ian
Ian acts as Lloyd's second-in-command in SPLAT. Ian, like Harvey, is very laid back and very much the joker of SPLAT. Ian will often break any tension with a well-timed joke and acts as a good foil to the more serious Lloyd.

Mandy
Mandy is one of the more mature members of SPLAT and seems to be the motherly influence in the society. She is the best at soothing people like Lloyd and Ingrid when they get in a temper, and is generally the most level-headed of the gang, although she is not above making the odd snide remark when Lloyd's plans backfire.

Ingrid
Ingrid is the youngest member of SPLAT, but she is no pushover. Ingrid is generally the most childish member of SPLAT, prone to sulking when things do not go her way or the others do not listen to her. The fact that she is the youngest does mean that she is generally ignored if she makes a suggestion

The Demon Headmaster
The Headmaster is the main antagonist of the series. He can turn almost anyone into a hypnotic state by having them look into his eyes, except for a few who seem to be naturally immune, among them Ingrid, Mandy, Harvey, Lloyd and Ian. He has a fixation with order and control, attempting to eliminate chaos even if that means basically depriving people of emotion, and has demonstrated a strong desire to enforce that control on others. In the course of the novels he has either established or infiltrated such diverse organisations as a school, a computer lab, a television studio, a genetics research facility, a university, and even a night club, with the goal of using his contacts in these businesses to enforce his will on the world. The original Headmaster was killed at the conclusion of The Demon Headmaster Strikes Again when he was forced into his own evolution accelerator machine by a fast-growing creeper he had created, but the machine was later accidentally activated to create a clone of the Headmaster, who was able to learn about the world from the material in the research centre but lacks any of the original's personal memories. As a result, the 'new' Headmaster retains the original's desire for control and hypnotic abilities, but completely failed to recognise Lloyd, only identifying Dinah as an associate of the original Headmaster because he found a video recording of her talking to his 'predecessor'.

Television adaptations
In 1996, the Demon Headmaster books were adapted by the BBC to make a television series based on the books, starring Terrence Hardiman in the title role. For the show, the Headmaster's glasses were changed from the dark-tinted ones he wore in the books to blue-tinted.

The series proved popular with children and ran for three series from 2 January 1996 to 22 January 1998. The first series contained six episodes, and aired twice weekly from 2 to 18 January 1996, the second series contained seven episodes, and aired once a week from 25 September to 6 November 1996, and the third series contained six episodes, and aired twice weekly from 6 to 22 January 1998.

The first series of the show was split into two distinctive story lines, with the first three episodes adapted from the first book in the series "The Demon Headmaster" and the last three were adapted from the second book "The Demon Headmaster and the Prime Minister's Brain". The second series was adapted from the fourth book "The Demon Headmaster Strikes Again". The third and final series was adapted from the fifth book "The Demon Headmaster Takes Over".

In 2019, CBBC broadcast a new adaptation, later revealed as a sequel to the previous show, from the book Total Control. It aired from Monday 14 October with the pilot episode, everystudentastar, adapted and showrun by Emma Reeves. Terrence Hardiman returned as the original Demon Headmaster in the first season's final episode, where he forced his 'successor' (Nicholas Gleaves) to stand down when their plans were thwarted — albeit only appearing as a hologram of himself rather than in person.

Reeves has pitched a second series to CBBC, using further elements of Total Control, as well as its sequel, Mortal Danger. A second series has since been confirmed, however ultimately, due to the delays caused by the COVID-19 pandemic it was cancelled.

Audiobooks
All of the original books in the series were released on audiobook, although are now out of print. Most of the books in the series were read by Judy Bennett, although Facing the Demon Headmaster was read by Kelly Hunter and not Judy Bennett. Also The Demon Headmaster (the first of the series) was read by Terrence Hardiman and released on cassette.

The newer stories are narrated on audiobook by Steven Crossley.

title: The Demon Headmaster


text:
City of Washington Pipe Band

The City of Washington Pipe Band was a grade two pipe band located in Washington, D.C.

History
The band was formed in 1961 as the Denny & Dunipace Pipe Band, by members of the U.S. Air Force Pipe Band. Unable to compete due to Air Force regulations, members of that band joined with local players to form a Grade Two pipe band in the District of Columbia. Pipe Major Sandy Jones of the Air Force band took over in 1970.

In 1985, the band changed its name to The Scottish & Irish Imports Pipe Band due to a sponsorship change, and was upgraded to Grade One. In 1990 Mike Green was named Pipe Major, and after competing under the Denny & Dunipace name during the 1990 season, the band was renamed to the City of Washington Pipe Band to avoid confusion with their namesake—Denny & Dunipace, Scotland—who would also be competing at the World Pipe Band Championships in Glasgow. In 2007 Dan Lyden was named Pipe Major.

Sponsorship from Icelandair allowed the band to compete internationally in the 1990s, and the band was downgraded to conform with international standards. They won Grade Two at the World Pipe Band Championships in 1999, and were subsequently upgraded back to Grade One. The band competed internationally in Grade One, coming in 2nd at the North American Pipe Band Championships in Maxville, Ontario in 2000. The band placed twice in the finals of the World Pipe Band Championships, taking 11th in 2001, and 14th in 2004. After being downgraded by the RSPBA to Grade 2 in 2010 and competing in North America in Grade 1 in 2011, the band requested a move to Grade 2 for the 2012 season while it redeveloped its pipe section.

In 2014, the City of Washington Pipe Band dissolved due to a lack of membership. Many members of the band joined or started new programs in the Washington, D.C. area, including the MacMillan Pipe Band which now competes in Grade 2.

Notable members

 * William Barr, the 77th and 85th Attorney General of the United States.

Pipe majors

 * Bill Logan (1961-1970)
 * Sandy Jones (1970-1975)
 * Ed Krintz (1975-1978, 1980-1982)
 * Charlie Glendinning (1978-1980, 1985-1986)
 * Tim Carey (1982-1985, 1987-1990)
 * Mike Green (1990-2007)
 * Dan Lyden (2007-2014)

Leading drummers

 * Walt Birtles (1961-1975)
 * Tommy Kee (1975-1977, 1981-1988)
 * Tim Gladden (1977-1981)
 * Jon Quigg (1988-2005, 2009-2011)
 * Bill Saul (2005-2007)
 * Jason Hoffert (2007-2009)
 * Alex Kuldell (2011-2014)

Discography

 * Denny & Dunipace Pipe Band (1980)
 * Scottish Rant (1999)

title: City of Washington Pipe Band


text:
Nosferatu (Hugh Cornwell and Robert Williams album)

Nosferatu is an album by Hugh Cornwell of the Stranglers and Robert Williams, drummer in Captain Beefheart's Magic Band. It was released on 16 November 1979 by United Artists.

The album cover features a still from F. W. Murnau's 1922 film of the same name, with the album styled as a soundtrack to the film. Guest musicians on the album include keyboardist Ian Underwood from Frank Zappa's band and guitarist David Walldroop. Mark and Bob Mothersbaugh of the band Devo play on the song "Rhythmic Itch", and "Wrong Way Round" features Ian Dury as a fairground barker (listed as "Duncan Poundcake" on the album credits).

Hugh Cornwell was advised to start a solo career in case of the Stranglers breaking up due to the end of the punk-rock scene. A cover version of Cream's "White Room" was the only single to be released from the album, backed with an instrumental version of "Losers in a Lost Land", which failed to chart; however, "Wired" was included on the Stranglers' "Don't Bring Harry" EP, which reached No. 41 in the UK Singles Chart.

Background
The one-off album collaboration between guitarist and vocalist Hugh Cornwell of the Stranglers and Captain Beefheart drummer Robert Williams began when Cornwell, after a North American Stranglers tour, attended three consecutive Beefheart shows in San Francisco in April 1978. Cornwell and Williams befriended each other after the shows and decided to keep in touch. Later the same year, when Cornwell had a break in his Stranglers schedule, he contacted Williams just before Christmas 1978 and invited him to record an album. "As far as the motivation to make the record goes, Nosferatu was pure whimsy," Cornwell said in 2014. "I mean [Stranglers bassist Jean-Jacques] Burnel had just recorded Euroman, so I thought, why not have a go?" As the 1922 film Nosferatu had been a silent movie originally, Cornwell decided that "a good starting place would be to try to approximate a soundtrack for it," visualizing it as "an amazing vehicle for emotional music".

Robert Williams was told that it would just be the two of them recording without a band, and that the songs would be written in the studio. Williams then booked some of the best recording studios in Los Angeles and invited his friend Joe Chiccarelli along as their recording engineer. Cornwell flew out to Los Angeles to begin the recording sessions just after Christmas 1978. With such short notice, they had to move around from studio to studio every few days, which made the recording process longer than necessary. Recording from late December into January 1979, they continued the sessions in March and April after a two month break due to Cornwell's touring commitments with the Stranglers. In 2014, Williams said of the writing and recording procedure: "Hugh and I made the songs up in the studio usually starting with the drum track ... Hugh did not have a demo before starting Nosferatu but he had a few little riffs on guitar for just a few songs that we both fleshed out. Then we would bring home cassettes from the sessions to study and come up with subsequent parts. We spent daylight hours sleeping and worked throughout the night, very much like vampires."

Various guests from the Los Angeles area were invited in to play: woodwind and keyboard player Ian Underwood from Frank Zappa's the Mothers of Invention, Devo's Mark and Bob Mothersbaugh, and Williams' guitarist friend David Walldroop. Cornwell and Williams also rented various instruments and experimented with them. "There was one night where the entire studio was filled with percussion instruments like tympanies, tubular bells, tamatoms, gongs, bongos, congas, and timbales," Williams said. "Hugh suggested we do "White Room" and the arrangement was my idea." According to Cornwell, the title track was supposed to be an instrumental, but in his absence, Williams wrote the lyrics and recorded most of the track by himself.

In April the Nosferatu sessions shifted from Los Angeles to London's Eden Studios. The track "Mothra" was recorded with engineer Alan Winstanley and the album was then mixed at AIR Studios by Winstanley and Steve Churchyard. The whole album took 22 days to record. While mixing the album, Ian Dury recorded vocals for the track "Wrong Way Round," and the Clash, who were also mixing at AIR, were invited to add backing vocals to "Puppets." According to Cornwell, though, only guitarist Mick Jones was around when they actually recorded the vocals.

Cornwell has stated that Nosferatu was an "extremely expensive" album to make, and that it has never made any money. His record label United Artists was unaware that he was recording the album, until they started getting invoices sent to them from the recording studios. However, they paid them all. The album sold poorly upon release and failed to make any impact on the album charts.

An additional track, "Grinding the Gears", recorded at the same sessions, was released on Robert Williams' first solo album Late One Night in 1982.

The album is dedicated to the memory of actor Max Schreck, who played the lead role as the vampire Count Orlok in the 1922 film. The inner sleeve features song lyrics on one side and a lifesize Japanese hannya mask (by K. Kaneko) on the other.

Songs and themes
In a 1979 interview with NME, Cornwell said that all the songs on side one of the album are "portions or episodes" of an imaginary film about Nosferatu. The title track describes the hunted vampire as he is being chased through the streets as dawn approaches. In "Losers in a Lost Land", he's back in his crypt, "pondering his miserable existence." In a 2014 interview with the Strangled website, however, Cornwell said that "Losers in a Lost Land" is about struggling actors. Though not written by Cornwell and Williams, "White Room" recalls the vampire's past, "and how he got into this state in the first place," Cornwell said in 1979. In "Irate Caterpillar," the vampire is confronted by technology: "this immortal ghoul in this industrial complex where he sees a crane and thinks that it's a giant caterpillar out to destroy him." Cornwell also said in 2014 that "Irate Caterpillar" is about musician Fred Frith of English experimental rock band Henry Cow. Side one ends with "Rhythmic Itch," which is described in the album's liner notes as "a moving tribute to Dracula."

The album's second side consists mostly of "studies in aspects of perversity," Cornwell stated. "It fascinates me. Perversity is a part of everyone, because all humans are imperfect and those imperfections create perversities." The first track, "Wired," is a "jagged set of observations on a state of paranoia," or as Cornwell said in 2014: "about being on cocaine." "Big Bug" is about the personal armoured train of Leon Trotsky, and "Wrong Way Round" is about a girl built upside down: "A macabre and grotesque portrait of a circus freak," as stated in the album's liner notes. The instrumental "Mothra" sounded like "the machinations of a giant moth," so Cornwell and Williams named it after the Japanese fictional monster of the same name. The album's final track, "Puppets", is about "record company manipulation of artists," Cornwell said in 2014.

Since the 1990s, songs like "Losers in a Lost Land", "White Room", "Irate Caterpillar", "Wired", "Big Bug" and "Mothra" have turned up in Cornwell's solo live set from time to time.

Critical reception
Ira Robbins of Trouser Press praised the album's lyrics, but disliked its "atonal performances." He felt that "if not for an incongruous cover of Cream's "White Room," there wouldn't be any light relief at all." He concluded that the album "requires more from the listener than it deserves (or returns)." Robert Endeacott, on the other hand, in his 2014 book Peaches: A Chronicle of The Stranglers 1974-1990, called the album "pretty bloody hot and startlingly original."

Personnel
Credits adapted from the album's liner notes.

All arrangements by Hugh Cornwell and Robert Williams

 * "Nosferatu"
 * Hugh Cornwell - guitar, slide guitar
 * Robert Williams - lead vocals, drums, Tama toms, guitar, bass, whistle
 * Ian Underwood - Yamaha synthesizer

 * "Losers in a Lost Land"
 * Hugh Cornwell - lead vocals, guitar, bass
 * Robert Williams - drums, Moog synthesizer, backing vocals

 * "White Room"
 * Hugh Cornwell - lead vocals, lead guitar, bass, Moog bass, Chamberlin Mellotron
 * Robert Williams - drums, timpani, backing vocals
 * David Walldroop - rhythm guitar
 * Ian Underwood - Sonar Yamaha synthesizer

 * "Irate Caterpillar"
 * Hugh Cornwell - lead vocals, guitar
 * Robert Williams - drums, percussion, waterphone, Moog bass
 * David Walldroop - guitar solo
 * Ian Underwood - Yamaha synthesizer (intro)

 * "Rhythmic Itch"
 * Hugh Cornwell - guitar
 * Robert Williams - drums, Syndrums, bass, bass marimbas, parade drum
 * Mark Mothersbaugh - lead vocals, Prophet synthesizer
 * Bob Mothersbaugh - guitar, backing vocals

 * "Wired"
 * Hugh Cornwell - lead vocals, guitar
 * Robert Williams - drums, rototoms, bass, percussion, cuícas, whistle, backing vocals
 * Ian Underwood - soprano saxophone (intro), Moog synthesizer solo

 * "Big Bug"
 * Hugh Cornwell - lead vocals, guitar
 * Robert Williams - drums, rototoms, bass, tack piano, percussion
 * A. N. Russian - intro voice

 * "Mothra"
 * Hugh Cornwell - bass, chant vocals
 * Robert Williams - drums, tubular bells, chant vocals

 * "Wrong Way Round"
 * Hugh Cornwell - lead vocals, backwards and forwards guitar, bass, calliope
 * Robert Williams - drums, Syndrums
 * Ian Dury (credited as "Duncan Poundcake") - fairground barker
 * Various people - crowd

 * "Puppets"
 * Hugh Cornwell - lead vocals, guitar, Prophet synthesizer
 * Robert Williams - drums, bass, Moog bass, backing vocals
 * The Clash (credited as "various people") - puppet chant

 * Technical personnel
 * Hugh Cornwell – producer, cover concept
 * Robert Williams – producer
 * Joe Chiccarelli – engineer (except "Mothra")
 * Alan Winstanley – engineer ("Mothra"), mixing
 * Steve Churchyard – mixing
 * George Peckham – mastering
 * F.W. Murnau – front cover
 * Rocking Russian – cover design
 * Ben J. Adams – photography


text:
Win (band)

Win were a Scottish pop band from the 1980s, who were best known for the single "You've Got the Power". They are no longer active.

Win
After the dissolution of The Fire Engines, Davy Henderson formed Win with Ian Stoddart (drums, keyboards), plus ex-Fire Engine member Russell Burn (keyboards). They were joined by Emmanuel "Mani" Shoniwa (guitar/bass/backing vox), Simon Smeeton (guitar/backing vox), Karl Mariner (keyboards/backing vox), then Willie Perry (keyboards). A more determinedly pop act than The Fire Engines, they were commercially successful in Scotland, partly due to their single "You've Got the Power" being used in a lager advertising campaign for Scottish brewers McEwan's. "You've Got the Power" appeared in the UK Singles Chart at number 95, but reportedly sold enough copies to be a hit, with Henderson stating that many copies of the record sold had been excluded from the chart data, as they (Gallup) thought the single was being illegally hyped in stores around Scotland, rather than recognising that McEwan's was a local firm advertising in the region, with a song by a local band. However, they had another couple of hits in the UK charts with the single "Super Popoid Groove" reaching number 63 and album ''Uh! Tears Baby (a Trash Icon)'' getting to number 51 in 1987.

Win were unable to translate these small hits into more widespread success, and did not break through further afield. They released two albums and disbanded in 1990.

Post-Win careers
After Win, Henderson went to working with his new band The Nectarine No. 9, releasing records on the revived Postcard label, Creeping Bent and Beggars' Banquet, and later worked with The Sexual Objects. Willie Perry and Ian Stoddart went on to form The Apples with Samantha Swanson from Hey! Elastica and Callum McNair. Mani Shoniwa formed Yoyo Honey, releasing the album Voodoo Soul in 1992. Ian Stoddart went on to help form Aberfeldy and released the album Young Forever on Rough Trade.

Ian Stoddart died in June 2020, by which time he was a member of Glasgow-based band MONICA, with Lloyd Herriott, Ariane Jackson, Andrea Marini and Simon Shaw.

Albums

 * Uh! Tears Baby (A Trash Icon) (London, 1987) (Number 51 in the UK Albums chart)
 * Freaky Trigger (Virgin, 1989)

Singles

 * "Unamerican Broadcasting" (Swamplands, 1985)
 * "You've Got the Power" (Swamplands, 1985/1986; released 3 times) (number 95 in 1986)
 * "Shampoo Tears" (Swamplands/London, 1986)
 * "Super Popoid Groove" (Swamplands/London, 1987) (number 63 in the UK Singles chart)
 * "What'll You Do til' Sunday Baby?" (Virgin, 1988)
 * "Love Units" (Virgin, 1988)
 * "Dusty Heartfelt" (Virgin, 1988)

title: Win (band)


text:
Fox Tower

The Fox Tower is a 27-story, 113.39 m office skyscraper in downtown Portland, Oregon, along Broadway between Yamhill and Morrison streets. The tower was completed in 2000 at a cost of $64 million, and was named after the Fox Theatre that occupied the site from 1911 until the late 1990s. TVA Architects designed the building and Tom Moyer developed the property.

History
Original designs for the tower included seven floors of above-ground parking. Plans for the above-ground parking levels were removed in 1998 to add space for what was originally to be a movie theater operated by Act III Theaters. The building earned Gold Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification from the U.S. Green Building Council in 2012 for its sustainability.

Details
The building is most notable for the contrast between its curving east side and boxy west side. The juxtaposition of the building's angles create a unique profile from each side. This multiplanar and set-back design is meant to prevent as much of the building's shadow as possible from falling upon Pioneer Courthouse Square on the opposite corner.

The ground floor houses retail stores, and Regal's Fox Tower 10 movie theater is located on the second floor. The 462-space underground parking garage was the deepest in Portland when built. In 2006 the Fox Tower's developer, Tom Moyer, started construction of an underground garage on the block to the west, connected to the Fox Tower garage. This new parking structure opened in December 2007 making the total underground parking space count 1132. Because the west block lies slightly uphill from the Fox Tower, the west garage is deeper than the Fox Tower garage, relative to ground level. The new garage is an underground facility, with a City of Portland park on top of the garage. Construction and landscaping for the park was started by the City of Portland in March 2008. The underground parking is also planned to be connected to the Park Avenue West Tower.

title: Fox Tower


text:
WNIC

WNIC (100.3 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Dearborn, Michigan, and serving the Metro Detroit media market. Owned by iHeartMedia, WNIC broadcasts an adult contemporary radio format. Each year, usually on the first Friday of November, WNIC switches its format to all-Christmas music.

WNIC's studios and offices are located in Farmington Hills, and its transmitter is located near Schoolcraft Avenue and Turner Street on the Near West Side of Detroit. WNIC broadcasts with an effective radiated power of 32,000 watts from an antenna 600 feet in height. WNIC is licensed for HD Radio operation and formerly featured a soft AC/oldies format on its HD2 channel from iHeartRadio's "Sunny Radio" channel.

WKMH-FM
WNIC signed on the air in December 1946 as WKMH-FM, sister station to WKMH (1310 AM; now WDTW). Both stations were, and still are, licensed to Dearborn. With FM radio still in its early stages, the two stations largely simulcast their programming through the 1970s.

WKNR-FM and Top 40 format
On Halloween 1963, WKMH-AM-FM became WKNR-AM-FM, and legendary Top 40 radio station "Keener 13" was born, beginning a three-and-a-half-year reign at the top of Detroit's radio ratings until it was toppled by CKLW in nearby Windsor, Ontario, in 1967. WKMH's FM signal at 100.3 chiefly simulcast Keener AM (with automated Top 40 programming during non-simulcast times). In 1969, inspired by the success of groundbreaking progressive rock station 99.5 WABX (now WYCD), WKMH-FM adopted its own progressive rock sound. "Uncle" Russ Gibb was the WKNR-FM disc jockey who helped to spread the rumor that Paul McCartney was dead. According to Gibb, a college student in Ann Arbor called him on the air one Sunday afternoon and explained the theory to him. The rumor took off from there and generated much publicity for Gibb and WKNR-FM. It was air personality Chris Randall who phoned WABC New York City DJ Roby Yonge. Yonge put the rumor on the air in New York and was responsible for it spreading nationwide.

"Stereo Island" and transition to adult contemporary
WKNR-FM dropped its progressive rock format in 1971 to become "Stereo Island," a cross between Beautiful Music and Middle of the Road that could be described as an early form of what would be later be called Soft Adult Contemporary. "Stereo Island" was successful and spawned imitators such as WFMK in Lansing, Michigan. In 1972, both WKNR and WKNR-FM were sold and became WNIC-AM-FM, simulcasting a straightforward Beautiful Music format. The WNIC call letters were meant to denote the station's "NICe" music. In 1976, WNIC adopted a more up-tempo sound called "Rock 'n' Easy", and moved to its current adult contemporary format.

In the early 1990s, WNIC adopted the slogan "Detroit's Nicest Rock", airing a Soft Rock format. WNIC scored its first number-one placing in the monthly Arbitron ratings in Detroit in 1998.

In 2003, the station transitioned to a more upbeat mainstream AC format, began using the new slogan "Your Variety Station", and played a variety of music from the 1960s through the present day, with an emphasis on Gold and only playing a handful of current and re-current songs. The station's longtime evening request and dedication show "Pillow Talk" remained, and "Flashback Weekends" were added, featuring upbeat 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s music.

Fresh 100.3, return to WNIC
On December 27, 2010, following its annual Christmas music programming and running a two-hour "music test" from 2:00 p.m. to 4:10 p.m. (running short snippets of songs from a variety of genres and advising listeners to poll them through the station's website; the last song before the "test" was "If It's Love" by Train), WNIC dropped its long-time mainstream AC format and shifted to Hot Adult Contemporary as Fresh 100.3; the first song as "Fresh" was "Raise Your Glass" by P!nk (by coincidence, one of the final songs polled in the "test"). Clear Channel's Detroit operations manager Todd Thomas stated that the new format was "the music that radio listeners in Detroit told us they wanted to hear", and "a unique sound on 100.3 for 2011 and beyond." The new format competed primarily with WDVD.

In December 2011, WNIC began to backtrack on its format changes, reflected by the amended slogan "Variety From Today & Back In The Day". The station also adjusted its on-air lineup adding Billy The Kidd for nights.

On November 7, 2013, at noon, after playing "Don't You (Forget About Me)" by Simple Minds, and coinciding with the start of the station's annual shift to all Christmas music, WNIC dropped the "Fresh" branding and reverted to 100.3 WNIC as its on-air brand. While the station continued with its more upbeat format, WNIC has added an increased amount of 1980s and 1990s music, as well as an occasional 1970s song.

WNIC, WOMC, and WDVD gained new competition from November 2018 to November 2020 with the flip of WDZH to Soft AC. Three Detroit radio stations now compete for the 25-54 year-old female audience.

title: WNIC