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Bent's Old Fort National Historic Site

Bent's Old Fort is a fort located in Otero County in southeastern Colorado, United States. A company owned by Charles Bent and William Bent and Ceran St. Vrain built the fort in 1833 to trade with Southern Cheyenne and Arapaho Plains Indians and trappers for buffalo robes. For much of its 16-year history, the fort was the only major white American permanent settlement on the Santa Fe Trail between Missouri and the Mexican settlements. It was destroyed in 1849.

The fort was reconstructed and is open to the public. The area of the fort was designated a National Historic Site under the National Park Service on June 3, 1960. It was further designated a National Historic Landmark later that year on December 19, 1960.

History
The adobe fort quickly became the center of the Bent, St. Vrain Company's expanding trade empire, which included Fort Saint Vrain to the north and Fort Adobe to the south, along with company stores in New Mexico at Taos and Santa Fe. The primary trade was with the Southern Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians for buffalo robes.

From 1833 to 1849, the fort was a stopping point along the Santa Fe Trail. It was the only permanent settlement not under the jurisdiction and control of Native Americans or Mexicans. The U.S. Army, explorers, and other travelers stopped at the fort to replenish supplies, such as water and food, and perform needed maintenance to their wagons. The American frontiersman Kit Carson was employed as a hunter by the Bent brothers in 1841, and regularly visited the Fort. Likewise, the explorer John C. Frémont used the Fort as both a staging area and a replenishment junction, for his expeditions. During the Mexican–American War in 1846, the fort became a staging area for Colonel Stephen Watts Kearny's "Army of the West".

Ralph Emerson Twitchell makes the following statement.

"Bent's Fort is described as having been a structure built of adobe bricks. It was 180 feet long and 135 feet wide. The walls were 15 feet in height and four feet thick and it was the strongest post at that time west of Ft. Leavenworth. The construction of this fort was commenced in 1828 ... at a point on the Arkansas somewhere between the present cities of Pueblo and Canon City, having been disadvantageously located. Four years were required in which to complete the structure. On the northwest and southeast corners were hexagonal bastions, in which were mounted a number of cannon. The walls of the fort served as walls of the rooms, all of which faced inwardly on a court or plaza. The walls were loopholed for musketry, and the entrance was through large wooden gates of very heavy timbers."

Destruction
In 1849 when a great cholera epidemic struck the Cheyenne and other Plains Indians, William Bent abandoned Bent's Fort and moved his headquarters north to Fort Saint Vrain on the South Platte. When he returned south in 1852, he relocated his trading business to his log trading post at Big Timbers, near what is now Lamar, Colorado. Later, in the fall of 1853, Bent began building a stone fort on the bluff above Big Timbers, Bent's New Fort, where he conducted his trading business until 1860.

When the fort was reconstructed in 1976, its authenticity was based on the use of archaeological excavations, paintings and original sketches, diaries and other existing historical data from the period.

In popular culture

 * The Fort was used as Fort Laramie in the 1979 CBS mini-series The Chisholms, starring Robert Preston.
 * In George MacDonald Fraser's 1982 novel, Flashman and the Redskins, the anti-hero Flashman is present at the destruction of Bents' Fort.
 * Bent's Fort is featured briefly in Larry McMurty's 1985 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel Lonesome Dove, as well as in the 1989 Emmy Award-winning four-part TV miniseries adapted from the book.
 * Bent's Fort in the spring of 1834 is a major setting for Terry Johnston's 1988 novel One-Eyed Dream.
 * Bent's Fort is featured briefly in episode 3 of James Michener's Centennial miniseries in 1978.
 * Bent's Fort inspired video game developer Rockstar Games to recreate its likeness in the 2010 game Red Dead Redemption as Fort Mercer in the Rio Bravo region.
 * A restaurant named "The Fort" in Morrison, Colorado, near Denver has architecture and decor adapted from Bent's Old Fort, with motif and cuisine inspired from the region in the 1830s.

title: Bent's Old Fort National Historic Site


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Talk:Pushpa Kamal Dahal

Prune and update
Pruning is needed e.g. of Maoist chairman Prachanda said, "That day, the first day I appeared in public in Kathmandu, I wore a light blue suit. I like light blue the most". Zezen (talk) 09:24, 4 February 2019 (UTC)

Total death recorded in Janandolan
data need to be known by the people. 103.94.255.159 (talk) 07:48, 9 July 2022 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 14:23, 26 March 2023 (UTC)
 * Pushpa Kamal Dahal in 2023.jpg

Semi-protected edit request on 24 November 2023
Change his position from politician to a Dictator because he has became one. This is in reference to him banning one of the protesters, namely Durga Prasai. Purely because he raised the voice against the current system thinking it was his right in democracy. Hehenischal (talk) 10:03, 24 November 2023 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Cannolis (talk) 19:09, 24 November 2023 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Pushpa Kamal Dahal


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Langmuir (crater)

Langmuir is an impact crater on the Moon's far side. It is located in a region to the southwest of the Mare Orientale impact basin. Langmuir is bracketed between two larger craters, with Chebyshev to the west-northwest and Brouwer to the east. It partly overlaps the rims of these two craters, making it the youngest of the three. The outer rampart of ejecta from Langmuir partly covers the southeast interior floor of Chebyshev.

This crater has not been heavily eroded, and many of its original features remain intact and sharply defined. The rim to the west is somewhat disrupted due to having overlaid the rim of the larger Chebyshev. In a coincidental arrangement, a small crater is situated across the rim edge at the northern end of where it joins with Chebyshev, and a smaller crater lies at the southern end of this merger.

The inner wall of Langmuir contains some minor terrace structures and displays some appearance of slumping along the southwestern edge. The inner wall in the southern half of the crater is wider than elsewhere, and is nearly twice as wide as the inner wall along the northern edge. As a result, the interior floor is offset to the north. There is a central peak formation on the floor, but it is located to the northeast of the midpoint. The floor is relatively level in the western half, but more uneven in the east.

title: Langmuir (crater)


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Yucca House National Monument

Yucca House National Monument is a United States National Monument located in Montezuma County, Colorado between the towns of Towaoc (headquarters of the Ute Mountain Ute Tribe) and Cortez, Colorado. Yucca House is a large, unexcavated Ancestral Puebloan archaeological site.

Yucca House was established as a national monument in 1919, by President Woodrow Wilson's Proclamation No. 1549.

Geography
Yucca House National Monument is located in the Montezuma Valley at the foot of Sleeping Ute Mountain, called "mountain with much yucca growing on it" by the Ute people, and inspiration for the name of the national monument.

History
The site is one of many Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi) village sites located in the Montezuma Valley occupied between AD 1100 and 1300 by 13,000 people. A 2020 summary stated that the unexcavated "pueblo village has the ruins of 600 rooms, 100 kivas, several towers, multiple plazas, unexplained structures and one great kiva".

Two unexcavated settlement areas covered in vegetation include: Nearby were the ancient pueblo village of Mud Springs at the head of McElmo Canyon and Navajo Springs, was the original site of the Ute Mountain Indian Agency south of Sleeping Ute Mountain in the early 1900s.
 * Western Complex was a large pueblo of up to 600 rooms, 100 kivas and a giant, perhaps community, kiva. A spring runs through the complex. A large building about 80 × 100 feet, Upper House, was made of adobe. The ruins are about 12 to 15 feet high, but may have been twice that height.
 * Lower House is an L-shaped pueblo 200 feet by 180 inches with a plaza, 8 small rooms 7 × 2 feet and a large kiva

Like other nearby Ancient Pueblo peoples, the Yucca House pueblo dwellers abandoned their homes, but because a major excavation has not been completed it is not known when, or if there is a relationship between these people and those of nearby pueblo settlements.

Archaeological study and mapping
The site was first described by W. H. Jackson in 1874; he had been a member of the Hayden Geological Survey of 1871. Since that time, the following archaeological studies have been conducted:
 * William Henry Holmes visited in 1875 and in 1878 produced a report for the United States Geological Survey. Holmes erroneously named the land "Aztec Springs" believing that ruins were the home of a band of Aztecs. He created the initial map of the ruins.

 * Holmes reports: "These ruins form the most imposing pile of masonry yet found in Colorado. The whole group covers an area of about 480,00 square feet, and has an average depth of from 3 to 4 feet. [...] The stone used is chiefly of the fossiliferous limestone that outcrops along the base of the Mesa Verde a mile or so away."

 * In 1918 J. Walter Fewkes studied and remapped the ruins
 * An excavation was completed by the Museum of Natural History in New York in the late 1910s led by Earl Morris and, in the 5th year of excavation led by Dr. Clark Wissler. Wissler found that the interior walls of the "remarkable shrine room" were painted white with a red border and the floor covered with expertly cut slabs of stone, similar to one of the rooms at the Mesa Verde National Park. A sacred 2½ foot serpent was carved into wood at the ceiling.
 * In two separate projects in 1964, Al Lancaster studied the area and stabilized the masonry wall of Lower House and Al Schroeder found that some of "Upper House" was constructed of adobe, quite rare for sites built in the 13th century
 * Studies were conducted in the late 1990s and into 2000 following the donation of additional acreage which expanded the number of sites. The Yucca House Mapping Project was a venture by the Crow Canyon Archaeological Center and Mesa Verde National Park. The group produced a detailed map of the site and analysed some pottery found above ground.
 * In 2014, Robert C. McBride and Diane E. McBride produced a document titled "Cultural Resource Survey of the Bernard and Nancy Karwick Property, Montezuma County, Colorado: A Study of the Greater Yucca House Community"; this unpublished paper was submitted to History Colorado, Office of Archaeology and Historic Preservation, Denver.

National monument
President Woodrow Wilson proclaimed the site a National Monument on December 19, 1919, by Proclamation No. 1549, on a 9.5 acre (38,000 m2) piece of land previously donated by Henry Van Kleeck, originally known as Aztec Springs; the name of the site was changed by the Proclamation. The size of the monument was increased to 33 acres in 1996 with land donated by Hallie Ismay. Since 1990, the monument has been managed by park service staff at Mesa Verde National Park. Hallie Ismay was an unofficial steward of the Yucca House site for 62 years.

As of 1919, the site was one of many research national monuments designated during that era to preserve the ruins, plants and animals in the Yucca House area.

As a National Park Service historic area, the park was administratively listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966.

After completion of the mapping project in 2000, the authors of the report provided this conclusion: "Although we now have a better sense of layout and spatial relationships among the architectural features at Yucca House, we still know relatively little about the length of the Yucca House occupation, the role of public architecture in the village, and the extent of social interaction and other relationships with nearby large villages."

Currently, there are no true interpretive features, facilities or fees at Yucca House. See the Visitor Guide for directions to the remote location. Parking space is limited and roads may be difficult immediately following rains or snowmelt.

A 2017 report stated that fewer than 1,000 people visited the monument annually. A visitor in 2018 provided this summary of the experience at Yucca House after arriving without a guide: "You can make out small parts of a wall here and there and see piles of stones, but the vegetation covers the majority of the ruins and it is difficult to understand what you are seeing. A few interpretive signs would be helpful."

Additional expansion plan
The owners of a property abutting the National Monument, Bernard and Nancy Karwick, offered to donate 160 acres of land that would significantly expand the 33 acres of the monument. The 2015 offer was tentatively accepted but required Congressional approval. By March 2020, the plan had been passed by the House and would move to the Senate. The bill sponsored by U.S. Rep. Scott Tipton was signed by President Trump in 2021 and the expansion is expected to be carried out.

Controversy
Entrance to the monument is by an easement across the Box Bar ranch owned by the local Ford dealer Joe Keesee and his partner Lucky Pickens since 2005. Though the ranch was purchased with the easement—County Road 20.5, although it is not marked as such —already in place, there have been numerous attempts to prevent the public from accessing the monument via the easement. These efforts have been documented in the local newspaper, the Cortez Journal, and have included an attempt to convince the county Board of Commissioners to abandon the public road that feeds the easement, erection of "no trespassing signs" and gates and removal of directional signs.

While these complicate the access to the monument, the NPS has published two sets of directions from the intersection of Hwy. 160 and Hwy. 491. One set of directions provides specifics about opening and closing of the gate that visitors may encounter.

After the planned expansion is approved by Congress and signed into law, the additional land should resolve the controversy, with a new method of entry into the monument as well as a new parking lot and perhaps, restrooms. Senators Cory Gardner and Michael Bennet co-sponsored the bill in the Senate. Such construction would not occur soon because "a wetlands study and an assessment of the archaeological treasures underlying that land" must first be completed. Cliff Spencer, Superintendent of Mesa Verde National Park, and Alan Loy, also of Mesa Verde National Park, both have worked relentlessly to clear obstacles to expanding and improving the National Monument.

title: Yucca House National Monument


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Laurens Henry Cohn Sr. Memorial Plant Arboretum

The  Laurens Henry Cohn Sr. Memorial Plant Arboretum (or Cohn Arboretum), 16 acres (6.5 hectares), is an arboretum located at 12206 Foster Road, Baton Rouge, Louisiana. It is open to the public daily.

The Arboretum contains more than 120 species of native and adaptable trees and shrubs, including a Japanese Maple collection, an Orchid and Bromeliad House, a Tropical House, a Camellia Collection, an Evergreen and Conifer Collection, a Crape-myrtle Collection, and an Herb/Fragrance Garden.


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Ben Kelso

Ben Kelso (born April 11, 1949) is an American former National Basketball Association (NBA) player for the Detroit Pistons. He has coached basketball for schools in the Detroit area and was accused and acquitted of an alleged scandal in this capacity. In July, 2005, the Kansas State Wildcats hired Kelso as assistant coach for their men's basketball program.

Kelso, a graduate of Central Michigan University, was drafted by Coach Ray Scott and the Pistons (in the 8th rounds of both 1972 and 1973 drafts), where he played from 1973 to 1974. In 1976, Kelso was hired by Scott as one of his assistant coaches at Eastern Michigan University. Over three seasons, he helped guide EMU to a 29–52 record. EMU fired Scott and his staff in March 1979.

After retiring as a professional ball player, Kelso began coaching students at various schools. At Detroit's Cooley High School, where he coached for 14 years, Kelso lead the team to three (3) consecutive state championships in 1987, 1988, and 1989, which led to his appearance in the March 5, 1990 edition of Sports Illustrated

In 1998, Kelso transferred over to Southfield High School as coach and athletic director where he was credited with rejuvenating the girls' basketball program and winning two state championships.

On December 17, 2002, Kelso was fired by the Southfield Board of Education after being accused of allegedly misappropriating funds from school ticket and concession sales. Police and the District Attorneys Office concluded that there was insufficient evidence to arrest Kelso. 18 months later, the State Tenure Commission concluded that Kelso was wrongfully terminated and advised him to resume his job.

Kelso ultimately took a new job as gym instructor with Southfield's Arthur Ashe Academy after Southfield High School officials refused to speak with him and later refused to reissue his original job title. Kelso later became the head coach at Mumford High School.

On April 29, 2013, Kelso was offered and accepted the head coach position for the varsity boys' basketball team at Waterford Kettering High School in Waterford, Michigan. After leaving for one season at Waterford Kettering, he took the same position over at Pontiac High School. He also periodically conducts his own basketball training program for youth, collegiate and professionals players in Michigan

title: Ben Kelso


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Talk:Thomas W. Sneddon Jr.

Untitled
Thomas Sneddon is a cold man. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.211.251.118 (talk) 12:25, 16 October 2009 (UTC)

 * I'm glad he finally died. I hope he didn't rest in peace but rest in pieces. 68.205.121.117 (talk) 03:54, 27 May 2022 (UTC)

Minor update following Jackson verdict.

 * this page seems somewhat biased against Thomas Sneddon. Not that I disagree with anything, but there has to be at least something positive to say on his behalf. Quazywabbit 03:08, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Specifically, referring to his "grudge" as if it were an established fact, not having any citations, and not dealing substantively with the manner of prosecution contribute to its non-neutrality. I have no opinion on the case, only on the manner of presentation here. GMcGath 15:53, 7 September 2006 (UTC)

 * this page also unfairly criticizes Michael Jackson for the song D.S. which no one even knows for certain was based on sneddon. Why is that not important? Why is sneddon's material important? I think THAT IS HYPOCRACY. --Paaerduag 08:23, 20 April 2007 (UTC)

Pending changes
This article is one of a number selected for the early stage of the trial of the Pending Changes system on the English language Wikipedia. All the articles listed at Pending changes/Queue  are being considered for level 1 pending changes protection.

The following request appears on that page:

Comments on the suitability of theis page for "Pending changes" would be appreciated.

Please update the Queue page as appropriate.

Note that I am not involved in this project any much more than any other editor, just posting these notes since it is quite a big change, potentially

Regards, Rich Farmbrough, 00:23, 17 June 2010 (UTC).

Vietnam War service
Although Sneedon served in the army during the Vietnam War era, no reliable sources found as of yet state that he served in Vietnam. Accordingly, Category:American military personnel of the Vietnam War was removed from the article for now until a reliable ref is found. Semper Fi! FieldMarine (talk) 11:42, 11 August 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Thomas W. Sneddon Jr.


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Talk:Isaac Rosenberg

Untitled
No mention of Rosenburg's Jewish heritage?

Expansion!
There is a lot to write about Isaac Rosenberg; as previosuly mentioned his Jewish heritage; his time at Slade and of course his career at the front.

A lot of the information at this website:  is of great use.

Narsamson 23:26, 9 March 2006 (UTC)

Has anyone else noticed that he was born in both 1890 and 1897?

I think this has since been fixed in the wording, but 1890 is the correct date according to the LoC Authorities files TheStripèdOne 02:02, 25 September 2007 (UTC)

Probably the most important thing to mention is his place among the war poets - specifically, his poetry is a harbringer for modernism and has more in common with the 1920s poetry of Eliott and Pound than any of the other war poetry.

Section on fame and reception needed
On Friday March 28, 2008, the BBC Radio 4 arts programme Front Row had a feature on Isaac Rosenberg, on which a critic said that his poetry should be rated as being as good as that of Wilfred Owen, Siegfried Sassoon or Rupert Brooke. Yet, in Britain today, it seems conservative to suggest that he is not as well known as these other poets. Perhaps a section could include discussion of why this might be so (for example, his working class background). Although it might violate Wikipedia's NPOV policy for any Wikipedian to claim that his poetry was as good as that of, say, Wilfred Owen, it would surely not violate NPOV to have a section discussing why he is less famous than these other names. ACEOREVIVED (talk) 00:08, 30 March 2008 (UTC)

Sorry - the following corrects my last comment
Sorry, I now remember the edition of "Front Row" was on Thursday March 27 2008.The details of this edition, including reference to Jean Moorcroft Wilson and how she has a book coming out on Rosenberg in April 2008, are available on: http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/arts/frontrow/past_programmes.shtml —Preceding unsigned comment added by ACEOREVIVED (talk • contribs) 00:16, 30 March 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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Inaccuracy
'After turning down an offer to apply for a commission to become a lance corporal.....'

Lance Corporals in the army are the lowest rank of non-commissioned officer (NCO). Either the passage should read the commission was to become a second lieutenant (the lowest commissioned rank), or that the application was for promotion to lance corporal. Which is correct?Cloptonson (talk) 21:31, 6 November 2018 (UTC)
 * The cited source (Noakes, p.xxxiii) says, 'He is offered promotion to Lance-Corporal, but declines,' so that's what it should say. It may not be correct, though. In a letter to Miss Seaton in December 1915 (The Collected Works of Isaac Rosenberg, ed. Ian Parsons, Chatto & Windus, London, 1979, ISBN 0 7011 1329 4, p.226), he wrote, 'I am put down for a Lance-Corporal. The advantage is, though you have a more responsible position, you are less likely to be interfered with by the men, and you become an authority.' It sounds as if he did want the promotion. He had only joined up that October, so his high intelligence seems to have been noticed by his officers early on. He certainly hated being a private ('Believe me the army is the most detestable invention on earth and nobody but a private in the army knows what it is to be a slave' -- letter to Lascelles Abercrombie, 11 March 1916, CW p.230), and he could have done with more pay. Perhaps he later changed his mind, suspecting he would have had too much trouble asserting himself, or else the CO might have turned down the company commander's recommendation. A few weeks later, in a letter postmarked 5 January 1916, by which time he had transferred from 12th Suffolk Bantams to 12th South Lancashires, he wrote to his patron Edward Marsh, editor of Georgian Poetry and Assistant Private Secretary to the Prime Minister no less, 'I have heard it is not difficult to get a commission. Do you know anything about it?' (CW p.229.) But this does not seem to have led anywhere. Noakes says he 'toyed briefly with the idea of applying for a commission' and the Wiki editor may have mixed this up with the possible promotion to lance-corporal. Khamba Tendal (talk) 12:14, 11 November 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Isaac Rosenberg


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Pipe Spring National Monument

Pipe Spring National Monument is a United States National Monument located in the U.S. state of Arizona, rich with American Indian, early explorer, and Mormon pioneer history. Administered by the National Park Service, Pipe Spring was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966, and the boundaries of the Pipe Spring National Monument Historic District (a portion of the monument) were expanded in October 2000.

History
The water of Pipe Spring has made it possible for plants, animals, and people to live in this dry desert region. Ancestral Puebloans and Kaibab Paiute Indians gathered grass seeds, hunted animals, and raised crops near the springs for at least 1,000 years.

Antonio Armijo discovered the springs when he passed through the area in 1829, when he established by the Armijo Route of the Old Spanish Trail.

Pipe Spring was named by the 1858 Latter-day Saint missionary expedition to the Hopi mesas led by Jacob Hamblin. In the 1860s Mormon pioneers from St. George, Utah, led by James M. Whitmore brought cattle to the area, and a large cattle ranching operation was established. In 1866 the Apache, Navajo and Paiute tribes of the region joined the Utes for the Black Hawk War, and, after they raided Pipe Spring, a protective fort was constructed by 1872 over the main spring. The following year the fort and ranch was purchased by Brigham Young for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). The LDS Bishop of nearby Grafton, Utah, Anson Perry Winsor, was hired to operate the ranch and maintain the fort, soon called Winsor Castle. This isolated outpost served as a way station for people traveling across the Arizona Strip, that part of Arizona separated from the rest of the state by the Grand Canyon. It also served as a refuge for polygamist wives during the 1880s and 1890s. The LDS Church lost ownership of the property through penalties involved in the federal Edmunds-Tucker Act of 1887.

Although their way of life was greatly impacted by Mormon settlement, the Paiute Indians continued to live in the area and by 1907 the Kaibab Paiute Indian Reservation was established, surrounding the privately owned Pipe Spring ranch. In 1923, the Pipe Spring ranch was purchased and set aside as a national monument to be a memorial to western pioneer life.

The site today
Today the Pipe Spring National Monument, Kaibab Band of Paiute Indians Visitor Center, and Museum explain the human history of the area over time. Daily tours of Winsor Castle, summer "living history" demonstrations, an orchard and garden, and a half-mile trail offer a glimpse of American Indian and pioneer life in the Old West. The Paiute tribe runs a small adjoining campground.

Climate
Pipe Spring National Monument has a semi-arid climate (Köppen: BSk) with cold winters and hot summers.

title: Pipe Spring National Monument


text:
User talk:Ank

Hello Please try to reason with Argyrosargyrou. He is vandalizing all over the place, including user pages. I don't know anything about the Cyprus dispute, but he's going to get himself banned at this rate. He's calling everybody holocaust deniers and refusing to discuss any issues. Furthermore, he claims I have a personal vendetta against him. Since you've sided with him in the past, I was hoping you could review the evidence and help reason with him. Best wishes. Scimitar 22:16, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Cyprus dispute
Your unprotection of the Cyprus dispute article was somewhat inappropriate since the conflict that resulted in its protection has not been resolved. Please let me know on what grounds you have unprotected the article (except that it was protected for a long time ... 12 days that is). --Ank99 09:51, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * That's one reason why I unprotected. The protection had run for a long time, and sometimes time alone has a calming effect.  Also it seemed that discussion had essentially dried up. The article can be protected again at any time, but I don't think this would necessarily help in this case. At the moment there is a kind of dialog happening throught the edits, and by observing how editors behave in editing we administrators can gather information about the causes of conflict and why so little dialog seemed to result from page protection. --Tony Sidaway|Talk 12:05, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Cyprus_dispute/New_version
Hi Ank99!

Good that you distanced yourself from Argyro a bit... But you are correct in saying that methods are wrong, yet it is certain that some facts need inclusion. I have come to think that most probably only a new version could help, as the current one is very lengthy and also too neutral; a less history-centric view would maybe be favorable. Would you care to drop me a note or edit directly on Cyprus_dispute/New_version? - Snchduer 17:22, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

I'M POV?????!!!!!! I'm trying to balance out the GC propaganda. This may come as a shock, but the GC's in Cyprus did not just carry flowers and embraced everybody in peace and brotherhood while TC's grew fangs, carried machine-guns in each hand and a bayonet between their teeth and did all the killing. There were a lot of atrocities committed by the GC's which for some reason is not remarked on all that much. True, I do support TRNC independence, but it is because I firmly believe that the mistrust between the two communities is so high, co-existance is simply not possible. Expatkiwi 17:48 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

RE: About Argy
Hello Oh it isn't that I particularly care about Argy, but I think some of his facts need to be included. Sadly, the way he goes about it completely discredits him, and I have no further desire to attempt to reason with him. Should I see unilateral action on his part anymore, I will revert it immediately, regardless of validity. He needs to learn to talk and play nice with other Wikipedians, and until he does I don't think he can be at all valuable as a contributer. Best wishes Scimitar 13:17, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Important Poll
Talk:Macedonian Slavs

Βικιπύλη
Επειδή είδα ότι δεν ασχολείσαι καθόλου με την Βικιπύλη των Υπολογιστών στην ελληνική Βικιπαίδεια θα μπορούσα να αναλάβω τη συντήρηση της συγκεκριμένης Βικιπύλης επειδή με ενδιαφέρει πάρα πολύ;ZaDiak

title: User talk:Ank


text:
Alex Young (footballer, born 1937)

Alexander Young (3 February 1937 – 27 February 2017) was a Scottish international footballer. He played as a creative forward for Heart of Midlothian and Everton. He won league championship and cup titles with both clubs where he was also a regular goal scorer. Young later played for Glentoran and Stockport County. Internationally he played for the Scottish League and the Scotland national football team. In football folklore he has become known as 'The Golden Vision'.

Early years
Young was born in Loanhead, Midlothian. He described himself as shy from an understandably over-watchful mother having to cope with the death of a son five years older than Alex being fatally hit by a car. Young later said that as a youngster he grew up supporting the same team as his father, Motherwell. Young first played for Newtongrange Star in Midlothian, while he also worked as a colliery apprentice.

Heart of Midlothian
He joined Tommy Walker's Hearts in 1955 making his debut aged 18. This particular Hearts side had won their breakthrough tournament the year before winning the 1954 Scottish League Cup Final. With Young they next won the 1956 Scottish Cup Final. With Hearts' 'Terrible Trio' forward line of Jimmy Wardhaugh, Willie Bauld and Alfie Conn, Sr at their peak, Young played at right wing.

Hearts led the Scottish League for most of the 1956–57 season. The title hinged on Rangers visit to Tynecastle on 13 April. A capacity crowd watched a tense game in which Rangers keeper, George Niven, was man of the match. Hearts could not beat him and the only goal came from Simpson of Rangers who scored on the break in 35 minutes. Rangers had games in hand which they won to overtake Hearts and lift the trophy.

Young helped Hearts win the Scottish league championship in 1957–58, as part of a new Hearts goal scoring trinity with Wardhaugh and Jimmy Murray. In a crucial October visit to Ibrox, Young scored to transform a 2–0 deficit into a 3–2 win. On 12 April 1958 Hearts won 3–2 at St Mirren to clinch the title with Young scoring the winner. Wardhaugh was the League's top marksman with 28 strikes. This was one ahead of Jimmy Murray's 27 and four more than Young's 24. Hearts won that League title in 1957–58 with record-breaking points, goals scored and goal difference. Their record from 34 league games of 62 points out of a maximum possible 68 was 13 more than their nearest rival. They scored 132 goals (still the Scottish top tier record) with only 29 against for a record net difference of +103.

Young missed out on Hearts' October 1958 Scottish League Cup Final win. They led the league championship in December but with injuries taking their toll they lost 6–0 in a visit to Ibrox Park. This began a poor run of only two wins from the next seven games. Dave Mackay was sold in March to Tottenham Hotspur, but Hearts fought back into contention when they won 2–0 against Rangers in April. Rangers went into the last day of the season two points clear and needing a point to clinch the title. Rangers lost 2–1 at home to Aberdeen, giving Hearts a chance to win the title, but they also lost 2–1.

In 1959/60 he scored 23 goals as Hearts won the league title again. In the New Year derby away to Hibs, Young's hat-trick inspired a 5–1 win. He played that season alongside his boyhood hero, Gordon Smith, who had joined Hearts that season. They also won the 1959 Scottish League Cup Final that season. Young playing at centre forward scored the winner for a second career goal to clinch a title.

Between 1955 and 1960, Young made 194 appearances for Heart of Midlothian in all competitions, scoring 103 goals. Young was inducted to the club's hall of fame in 2007.

Everton
Young was transferred in November 1960 to Everton, along with George Thomson, for £55,000. A partnership with Roy Vernon soon developed. Young scored 22 league goals in the 42 league games and made many other goals in Everton's 1962–63 league championship winning season. His elegant touch earned him the nickname of 'The Golden Vision', a title coined by Danny Blanchflower – "...the view every Saturday that we have of a more perfect world, a world that has got a pattern and is finite. And that's Alex – the Golden Vision."

In addition to the championship, Young won an FA Cup winners medal in Everton's comeback win in the 1966 FA Cup Final. Young scored 89 goals in 275 appearances in all competitions for Everton. Young was at his prime when aged 23 – 26 when at Everton before being troubled by a knee injury. He also had career long issues with blistered feet that affected his performances.

Glentoran and Stockport County
Young was sold to Glentoran in 1968 for £10,000, and briefly managed the club before his failing hearing forced him to step down. Young later played briefly for Stockport County for 23 games before a knee injury forced his retirement aged 31.

Scotland
His full international debut for Scotland came in April 1960, in a 1–1 draw against England attended by 129,193 fans at Hampden Park. By November that year he had six caps, playing alongside an Everton player in each of his last two caps (Jimmy Gabriel and Alex Parker). He moved to Everton before the end of the month of the latter of those two internationals.

Young played one international game in 1961, a 3–0 win against the Republic of Ireland, scoring twice. He didn't play another full international again for five years, including his championship winning season at Everton. Young was recalled to the national squad in summer 1966, after his FA Cup win. He was capped a total of eight times by Scotland, scoring five goals. He also scored 2 goals in 2 appearances for the Scottish League.

After playing
After football Young ran his family's business wholesaling soft furnishings in Edinburgh before retiring. His son, Jason, became a professional footballer in the 1990s but could not match his famous father's prowess, and spent his career mostly in the Scottish lower divisions. Young was included in the Football League's "100 Legends of the 20th Century" in 1999, and in August 2001 Everton gave him a testimonial at Goodison Park, which over 20,000 fans attended. He was also named as a member of Gwladys Street's Hall of Fame.

Personal life
Young married Nancy in 1957, and had three children: Jane, Alex Jnr and Jason. Young died at the age of 80 on 27 February 2017 after a short illness. He was survived by wife Nancy who died on 28 October 2023, and their three children.

In popular culture
Ken Loach's 1968 docu-drama, The Golden Vision, concerned a group of Everton fans and was named after Young, who also appears on-screen.

Honours
Hearts
 * Scottish League: 1957–58, 1959–60
 * Scottish Cup: 1955–56
 * Scottish League Cup: 1959–60

Everton
 * Football League First Division: 1962–63
 * FA Cup: 1965–66
 * FA Charity Shield: 1963

Individual

Young was named as one of the Football League 100 Legends of the 20th Century in May 1999.

title: Alex Young (footballer, born 1937)


text:
Talk:Sharing a bed

What a peculiar topic! Adambisset 22:17, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

meh
Maybe it should be deleted. Its basicly just an opinion. Little real refferences save michael jackson which I don't think qualifies it for anything. Although, the reason i clicked on this is because I have a terrible time sleeping next to someone. A more medical/psychological standpoint for this article concerning people sleeping along side one another (rather then psuedo-sexual) would be interesting. Jaynus _Izanagi

VFD debate
This page is now a redirect to co-sleeping after consensus at this VFD debate was to merge it. Sjakkalle (Check!)  08:23, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sharing a bed


text:
Big Hole National Battlefield

Big Hole National Battlefield preserves a battlefield in the western United States, located in Beaverhead County, Montana. In 1877, the Nez Perce fought a delaying action against the U.S. Army's 7th Infantry Regiment here on August 9 and 10, during their failed attempt to escape to Canada. This action, the Battle of the Big Hole, was the largest battle fought between the Nez Perce and U.S. Government forces in the five-month conflict known as the Nez Perce War.

In 1992, the park was made a part of Nez Perce National Historical Park, which consists of 38 locations in five states, following the flight of the Nez Perce tribe from the U.S. military, the route of which was designated Nez Perce National Historic Trail in 1986.

Just east of the continental divide at Chief Joseph Pass, Big Hole National Battlefield is located on 975.61 acre (including 320 acre privately held), 10 mi west of Wisdom on Montana Highway 43. A year-round visitor center is located in the park.

History
The Nez Perce homeland territory was in the states now known as Oregon, Washington, and Idaho. In 1873, Chief Joseph negotiated with the federal government to ensure his people could stay on their land in the Wallowa Valley as stipulated in 1855 and 1863 land treaties with the U.S. government. By 1860 more than 15,000 miners had broken the treaty terms, and the government did nothing to intervene. In 1877, President Grant signed an Executive order granting the Wallowa to the Nez Perce, only to rescind it two years later. As a result, more people overran the land. Two farmers killed a warrior wrongly accused of stealing a horse. Warriors then engaged with settlers, until Joseph, who was 36 years of age, decided it best to not continue to engage, as he was a peace-loving person. Fearing U.S. Army retaliation, Chief Joseph decided that the best way to avoid the official U.S. Government policy of forcing Native Americans onto reservations was to escape to Canada, where he believed that his people would be treated differently and they could unite with Sitting Bull, leader of a band of Lakota there.

At White Bird Canyon, Brigadier General Oliver Howard, who outnumbered the Nez Perce two to one, was defeated on June 17, after firing on the Nez Perce who came to parley under a white flag. Thirty-four soldiers were killed, but only two Nez Perce warriors were. The Nez Perce who were now part of the group moving to Canada, numbered around 750, with only 200 warriors. Six weeks after leaving their homeland, U.S. Army forces performed a predawn attack on the men, women, and children encamped at Big Hole. The Nez Perce mounted a fierce resistance and managed to overwhelm the attacking force, cornering them on a hillside. Meanwhile, the women and children fled the battlefield after burying their dead. During the day and a half battle, the Nez Perce lost an estimated 60 to 90 men, women and children, although it is believed that actual losses may have been much higher with a good portion being women and children. U.S. forces lost 29 and an additional 40 serious casualties. The confrontation was the most violent battle between the Nez Perce and the U.S. Government forces. After the battle the Nez Perce fled east through Yellowstone National Park, then headed north. In October 1877, only 40 mi from the Canada–US border in Montana's Bear Paw Mountains, the starving and exhausted Nez Percé surrendered to the U.S. Forces commanded by General Oliver O. Howard, only after Howard and Miles said they would be allowed to return to their beloved Wallowas. It was a lie. Approximately 200-250 Nez Perce warriors escaped to Canada prior to the surrender, leaving 417 women, children and elderly. Upon the final surrender by Chief Joseph he was quoted as saying, "Hear me, my chiefs! I am tired. My heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever". The actual speech was much longer. The Nez Perce were removed to the Colville Reservation in Washington state, and Chief Joseph was never allowed to return to his Wallowas until 1900, when he was "allowed" to see his father's grave. The Nez Perce farmed before the settlers arrived.

Administrative history
The site was established as a Military Preserve in 1883, and designated a National Monument on June 23, 1910. It was redesignated a National Battlefield on May 17, 1963. The trail system was designated as a National Recreation Trail in 1977. As with all historic areas administered by the National Park Service, the battlefield was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966.

title: Big Hole National Battlefield


text:
Alberta Government Telephones

Alberta Government Telephones (AGT) was the telephone provider in most of Alberta from 1906 to 1991.

AGT was formed by the Liberal government of Alexander Cameron Rutherford in 1906 following the acquisitions by the government of several independent telephone companies. In 1908, AGT acquired the Bell Telephone Company's Alberta operations for $675,000. It eventually served almost all telephone customers in Alberta outside of the Edmonton area, where telephone service was operated by the Edmonton municipal government.

Alberta Government Telephones was directly managed by the province's Department of Public Works as a public utility until 1958, when it was transformed into the Alberta Government Telephones Commission, a crown corporation. From 1945 until 1960, AGT operated the province's educational radio station, CKUA.

In 1969, AGT built what was then Edmonton's tallest skyscraper as its new headquarters, joined by a second tower in 1971 - together known today as ATB Place.

In 1990, the Alberta government, under Don Getty of the Progressive Conservative Party, began the process of privatizing AGT, and formed Telus Communications as a holding company to facilitate the transfer. In 1991, the province of Alberta sold its remaining ownership interest in AGT to Telus for $870 million. Telus acquired Edmonton Telephones Corporation (Ed Tel) from the city of Edmonton in 1995; Ed Tel had been created only five years earlier from a reorganization of a department of the city. In 1996, the AGT and Ed Tel brands were retired in favour of the Telus name. Telus merged with BC Tel in 1999 to form the present-day Telus Corporation.

title: Alberta Government Telephones


text:
Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site

Sand Creek Massacre National Historic Site is a National Historic Site in Kiowa County, Colorado, commemorating the Sand Creek Massacre that occurred here on November 29, 1864. The site is considered sacred after the unprovoked assault on an encampment of approximately 750 Native people resulted in the murder of hundreds of men, women and children. Near Eads and Chivington, the site is about 170 mi southeast of Denver and about 125 mi east of Pueblo. A few basic park facilities have been opened at this site.

In 1999, archaeological teams from the National Park Service, Dept. of the Interior BLM, Colorado Historical Society and accompanied by Native American observers, made a major archaeological discovery of remains of the massacre site. Large numbers of period bullets, camp equipment, and other items convinced the NPS that they had found the correct site. The Historic Site was authorized by Public Law 106-465 on November 7, 2000, in order to "recognize the national significance of the massacre in American history, and its ongoing significance to the Cheyenne and Arapaho people and the descendants of the massacre victims." The law authorized establishment of the site once the National Park Service acquired sufficient land from willing sellers to preserve, commemorate, and interpret the massacre. The site near the junction of County Road 54 and County Road "W" was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on September 28, 2001. The site contains a small visitor center, interpretive plaques and signage, monuments located on a hilltop overlooking the massacre site, and two walking trails. The massacre site itself is off-limits to visitors.

On August 2, 2005, President George W. Bush gave final approval for the site. On April 23, 2007, it was announced that site would become America's 391st official park unit with an effective date of April 27, 2007. The dedication ceremony was held on April 28, 2007. In October 2022, leaders from the Northern Arapaho Tribe, the Northern Cheyenne Tribe, the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes along with descendants of some of the massacre’s victims and survivors joined Secretary of the Interior Deb Haaland at the site as she announced the purchase of an additional 3,478 acres. The area included lands listed on the National Register of Historic Places for their significance. Archaeological remains include evidence of the village where Cheyenne and Arapaho families were camped, along with an intact viewshed that is key to the integrity of the site. The expansion of the site contributed to one of the most intact shortgrass prairie ecosystems within the National Park system, providing habitat for a wide range of plants, wildlife and species of special concern.

Currently, the site encompasses 12,583 acre of which 2,385 acre are federally owned. By 2004, the federal government acquired 920 acre from private landowners. On September 9, 2006, the Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes of Oklahoma conveyed to the United States title to 1465 acre to be held in trust for the National Historic Site. The site includes 640 acres acquired and preserved by the American Battlefield Trust and its partners.


text:
Perm

Perm or PERM may refer to:

Places

 * Perm, Russia, a city in Russia
 * Permsky District, the district
 * Perm Krai, a federal subject of Russia since 2005
 * Perm Oblast, a former federal subject of Russia 1938–2005
 * Perm Governorate, an administrative unit until 1923
 * Great Perm, a medieval state
 * Perm, Ontario, a small community in Canada

Other uses

 * Perm (hairstyle), or permanent hairstyle, that may last for several months
 * Perm (unit), a unit of permeance (or water vapor transmission) of materials and membranes
 * PERM (computer), an early electronic computer
 * Permanent Labor Certification (Program Electronic Review Management), an American electronic labor certification system
 * P.E.R.M. or Petrol Electric railmotor
 * "Perm", a 2016 song by Bruno Mars from 24K Magic
 * Permian, a geologic period

title: Perm


text: User talk:80.41.104.97

title: User talk:80.41.104.97


text:
Talk:Kubinka Tank Museum

The largest?
is this museum the largest collection of tanks in the world or something?

 * The largest collection of AFV's is in the Musée des Blindés at Saumur; the largest of tanks proper in the Bovington Tank Museum. Kubinka is probably the third largest though.--MWAK 07:27, 8 February 2006 (UTC)

I changed Maus to Panzer VIII Maus so that it now correctly points to the tank, and not the graphic novel. Kytok 06:28, 17 February 2006 (UTC)

The reason it is closed to foreigners
I saw the source but can the reason be put in the artical?(ForeverDEAD 23:26, 18 August 2007 (UTC))

 * The site doesn't display the warning anymore. Will change the article accordingly. Strategia 15:34, 9 October 2007 (UTC)

 * This is the translation from the website's FAQ. Something about the "5-6 weeks in advance we need to know where are you staying/your interest/your background information" bit makes me think they're still deeply suspicious that some Western spy is going to sneak in and photograph their antique tanks for the CIA. Also makes me think they'll deny you permission to visit if they don't like your explanations:

Court Appointed Shrub (talk) 05:04, 10 March 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kubinka Tank Museum


text:
Talk:Pan Am Flight 103/units

Compiled by User:Bobblewik, June 13, 2005

Height/weight values for McKee

 * 00:47, 28 Feb 2005 SlimVirgin 6' 5", 270-lb Non-metric only
 * 18:58, 12 Mar 2005 Bobblewik -> 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m), 270 lb (122 kg) Dual
 * 04:20, 3 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> 6 ft 5 ins, 270-lb Non-metric only
 * 14:40, 9 Jun 2005 Bobblewik -> 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m), 270 lb (122 kg) Dual
 * 03:19, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> 6 ft 5 ins, 270-lb Non-metric only
 * 09:31, 12 Jun 2005 Gene Nygaard -> 6 ft 5 in, 270-lb (1.96 m, 120 kg) Dual
 * 09:40, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> 6 ft 5 ins, 270-lb Non-metric only

Estimates of explosive weight

 * 07:23, 21 Nov 2003 WhisperToMe 312 gram Metric only
 * 06:38, 10 Nov 2004 SlimVirgin -> between 10 and 14 ounces Non-metric only
 * 19:57, 11 Nov 2004 AlanBarrett -> 10-14 ounces (280g to 400 g) Dual
 * 00:47, 28 Feb 2005 SlimVirgin -> around 14 oz. Non-metric only
 * 00:47, 28 Feb 2005 SlimVirgin 450 grams Second instance of weight value. Metric only (source: UK official DERA data). Article now has mismatching values: metric only and non-metric only
 * 18:58, 12 Mar 2005 Bobblewik around 14 oz.-> 450 grams (16 oz) Dual. Both values consistent with UK official value
 * 22:24, 24 May 2005 SlimVirgin 450 grams (16 oz) -> 10-16 ounces One of two instances. Non-metric only. Mismatch between instances re-introduced
 * 06:47, 3 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin 450 grams -> 14 ozs. One of two instances. Non-metric only
 * 07:13, 3 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin 14 ozs. -> 450 grams Self revert. Metric value reappears
 * 07:25, 3 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin  450 grams -> 14 ozs. Non-metric only
 * 14:40, 9 Jun 2005 Bobblewik 10-16 ozs and 14 ozs. -> 450 g (16 oz) Made consistent with UK official value. Dual. Two values in article now match
 * 03:19, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin 450 g (16 oz) -> 10-16 ozs (first value), 450 g (16 oz) -> about 14 ozs. (second value) Article now has two different weight values. Non-metric only
 * 08:46, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin 10-16 ozs -> 12-16 ozs (first value) Revision of value
 * 09:31, 12 Jun 2005 Gene Nygaard -> 12–16 oz (0.3–0.5 kg) (first value), -> about 400 g (14 oz) (second value) Dual.
 * 09:40, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> 12-16 ozs (first value), about 14 ozs. (second value). Non-metric only
 * 17:29, 12 Jun 2005 Gene Nygaard -> about 400 g (14 oz) (second value). Dual
 * 19:08, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> between 12 and 16 ounces (second value). Non-metric only

Container size

 * 00:47, 28 Feb 2005 SlimVirgin 5' x 5' x 5'
 * 18:58, 12 Mar 2005 Bobblewik -> 5 by 5 by 5 ft (1.5 by 1.5 by 1.5 m) Dual
 * 05:49, 3 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> 5ft³. Non-metric only
 * 14:40, 9 Jun 2005 Bobblewik -> 4.2 cubic metre (148 ft³) Dual (actual AVE container size)
 * 09:06, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> 5ft³. Non-metric only
 * 09:36, 12 Jun 2005 Gene Nygaard -> 5 ft³ (140 L). Dual
 * 09:40, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> 5ft³. Non-metric only
 * 17:22, 12 Jun 2005 Gene Nygaard -> 125 ft³ (3.5 m³). Dual
 * 17:40, 12 Jun 2005 Bobblewik -> 4.2 cubic metre (148 ft³) Dual
 * 07:03, 13 Jun 2005 Grace Note -> 148 cubic ftNon-metric only

Wind

 * 03:02, 1 Mar 2005 SlimVirgin 100 miles per hour Non-metric only
 * 18:58, 12 Mar 2005 Bobblewik -> 100 miles per hour (160 km/h) Dual
 * 22:24, 24 May 2005 SlimVirgin -> 100 miles per hour Non-metric only
 * 14:40, 9 Jun 2005 Bobblewik -> 90 knots (170 km/h) Dual (source: UK official accident investigation data)
 * 03:19, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> 100 mph Non-metric only
 * 09:31, 12 Jun 2005 Gene Nygaard -> 100 miles per hour (160 km/h) Dual
 * 09:40, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> 100 mph Non-metric only
 * 17:54, 12 Jun 2005 Bobblewik ->  up to 100 knots (190 km/h) Dual (source: UK official accident investigation data)
 * 18:40, 12 Jun 2005 Mel Etitis -> up to 100 s Non-metric only
 * 19:08, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> of 100 s Non-metric only

Length of debris spread
Compiled by User:Bobblewik
 * 01:53, 5 Nov 2004 Slimv 180 miles Non-metric only
 * 23:25, 8 Nov 2004 SlimVirgin 130 kms Metric only
 * 22:52, 11 Nov 2004 SlimVirgin 88-mile (142-km) Dual
 * 00:47, 28 Feb 2005 SlimVirgin -> 88-mile Non-metric only
 * 18:58, 12 Mar 2005 Bobblewik 88-mile -> 88 mile (142 km) Dual
 * 22:24, 24 May 2005 SlimVirgin -> 88-mile Non-metric only
 * 14:40, 9 Jun 2005 Bobblewik 88-mile -> 88 mile (142 km) Dual

 * 03:19, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> 88-mile Non-metric only
 * 09:31, 12 Jun 2005 Gene Nygaard -> 88-statute-mile (142 km) Dual
 * 09:40, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> 88-mile Non-metric only
 * 18:09, 12 Jun 2005 Bobblewik -> 130 km Metric only (source: UK official accident investigation data)
 * 18:34, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> 88-mile Non-metric only
 * 18:40, 12 Jun 2005 Mel Etitis -> 81 miles Non-metric only
 * 19:08, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> 88-mile Non-metric only

Fragment size

 * 22:52, 11 Nov 2004 SlimVirgin 0.4 inch (10 millimeter) Dual
 * 07:25, 3 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin 0.4 inch Non-metric only
 * 14:40, 9 Jun 2005 Bobblewik -> 0.4 inch (10 mm) Dual
 * 03:19, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> 0.4 inch Non-metric only
 * 09:37, 12 Jun 2005 Gene Nygaard -> 10 millimeter (0.4 inch) Dual
 * 09:40, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> 0.4 inch Non-metric only

Temperature

 * 08:46, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin minus 50 F Non-metric only
 * 09:31, 12 Jun 2005 Gene Nygaard -> minus 50 °F (−45 °C) Dual
 * 09:40, 12 Jun 2005 SlimVirgin -> minus 50 °F Non-metric only
 * 17:27, 12 Jun 2005 Gene Nygaard -> 50 °F (−45 °C) Dual
 * 07:03, 13 Jun 2005 Grace Note -> minus 50 °F Non-metric only

title: Talk:Pan Am Flight 103/units


text:
San Antonio Missions National Historical Park

San Antonio Missions National Historical Park is a National Historical Park and part of a UNESCO World Heritage Site preserving four of the five Spanish frontier missions in San Antonio, Texas, USA. These outposts were established by Catholic religious orders to spread Christianity among the local natives. These missions formed part of a colonization system that stretched across the Spanish Southwest in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries.

In geographic order from north (upstream of the San Antonio River) to south (downstream) the missions are Mission Concepción, Mission San Jose, Mission San Juan, and Mission Espada. The Espada Aqueduct, also part of the Park, is due east of Mission San Juan, across the river.

The fifth (and best known) mission in San Antonio, the Alamo, is not part of the Park. It is located upstream from Mission Concepción, in downtown San Antonio, and is owned by the State of Texas. The Alamo was operated by the Daughters of the Republic of Texas until July 2015, when custodianship was turned over to the Texas General Land Office.

On July 5, 2015, the San Antonio Missions National Historical Park, along with the Alamo Mission in San Antonio, was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Administrative history
The park was originally established in 1975 as the Mission Parkway on the National Register of Historic Places encompassing 84 separate historical sites along the San Antonio River on the southern side of the city of San Antonio. Within this listing, the National Historical Park was authorized on November 10, 1978. It was established on April 1, 1983, containing many cultural sites along with some natural areas. Portions of the four missions are owned by the Archdiocese of San Antonio and are still run as active parishes.

The Carl Levin and Howard P. "Buck" McKeon National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 added 137 acres to the park.

In July 2015, the San Antonio Missions were added to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Mission Concepción
Misión Nuestra Señora de la Purísima Concepción de Acuña was established in 1716 as Nuestra Señora de la Purísima Concepción de los Hainais in East Texas. The mission was moved in 1731 to San Antonio. Founded by Franciscan friars, this is the best preserved of the Texas missions. Located at 807 Mission Road, Mission Concepcion was designated a National Historic Landmark on April 15, 1970.

In 2002, Archbishop Patrick Flores appointed Father Jim Rutkowski the archdiocesan administrator of Mission Concepcion. As such, Fr. Rutkowski has been charged with the pastoral duties associated with the operation of the active church congregation. In 2009-10 Las Misiones Foundation began an active, aggressive campaign to restore the interior of the Mission. Restoration of the mission's interior was completed in March 2010 after six months of work. Fr. Rutkowski continues to offer Sunday Mass regularly for the Mission community.

Mission San José

Misión San José y San Miguel de Aguayo was established in 1720. Located at 6519 San Jose Drive, it was designated the San Jose Mission National Historic Site in 1941. The historic site was administratively listed on the National Register on October 15, 1966. The church, which is still standing, was constructed in 1768. Mission San Jose was founded by Father Antonio Margil.

The park's visitor center is located adjacent.

Mission San Juan Capistrano

Misión San Juan Capistrano was established in 1716 as Misión San Jose de los Nazonis in East Texas. The mission was renamed and moved in 1731 to San Antonio. Located on Mission Road, San Juan was listed on the National Register on February 23, 1972.

Mission Espada
Misión San Francisco de la Espada was established in 1690 as San Francisco de los Tejas near present-day Augusta. and renamed San Francisco de los Neches in 1721. The mission was moved in 1731 to San Antonio and given its current name. Located on Espada Road, this mission was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on February 23, 1972. The Rancho de las Cabras, located about 22 miles southeast, is under the mission's jurisdiction and provided crops and livestock for it.

Mission Reach Ecosystem Restoration and Recreation project
In October 2013, the Mission Reach Ecosystem Restoration and Recreation project was completed, adding 15 miles of hiking, biking, and paddling trails to the San Antonio Missions. This project connects Mission Concepcion, Mission San Jose, Mission San Juan, and Mission Espada to the San Antonio Riverwalk, through a series of park portals. Visitors can experience the Missions by walking, bicycling, or using San Antonio's new VIVA Culture bus routes.

Additional locations
The Park includes two other locations listed on the National Register of Historic Places:
 * Espada Aqueduct, listed as a National Historic Landmark in 1964
 * Ethel Wilson Harris House, listed in 2001


text:
User talk:86.133.169.178

bd2412 T 20:26, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

title: User talk:86.133.169.178


text:
United Wa State Army

The United Wa State Army (Parauk: Kru' Naing' Rob Rom' Hak Tiex Praog, ; ဝပြည် သွေးစည်းညီညွတ်ရေး တပ်မတော်, ), abbreviated as the UWSA or the UWS Army, is the military wing of the United Wa State Party (UWSP), the de facto ruling party of Wa State (officially known as the Wa Self-Administered Division) in Myanmar. It is a well-equipped ethnic minority army of an estimated 20,000 –30,000 Wa soldiers, led by Bao Youxiang. The UWSA was formed after the collapse of the armed wing of the Communist Party of Burma (CPB) in 1989.

The UWSA announced its territory as the "Wa State Government Special Administrative Region" on 1 January 2009. The de facto President is Bao Youxiang, and the Vice President is Xiao Minliang. Although the Government of Myanmar does not officially recognise the sovereignty of Wa State, the Tatmadaw (Myanmar Armed Forces) has frequently allied with the UWSA to fight against Shan nationalist militia groups, such as the Shan State Army (RCSS).

Despite being de facto independent from Myanmar, the Wa State officially recognizes Myanmar's sovereignty over all of its territory. In 1989 the two parties signed a ceasefire agreement, and in 2013 signed a peace deal. As the largest non-state armed group in Myanmar, it has effectively led the Federal Political Negotiation and Consultative Committee (FPNCC) since 2017, representing nearly every pre-2021 non-ceasefire signatory armed groups. In not seeking independence or secession, UWSA is unlike most of the ethnic armed organizations in Myanmar.

History
On 17 April 1989, ethnic Wa soldiers, among other groups, split from the Communist Party of Burma (CPB) in a mutiny and ended the long-running Communist insurgency in Burma. On 9 May 1989, the Burmese government signed a cease-fire agreement with UWSA, formally ending the conflict. The United Wa State Party was formed as a merger of the Burma National United Party and the non-communist Wa National Council in November 1989, following the CPB mutiny in spring of 1989.

The UWSA is supported by China, who gives the UWSA more support than to the Myanmar government.

Until 1996 the United Wa State Army was involved in a conflict against the Shan Mong Tai Army led by drug kingpin Khun Sa which suited the objectives of the Tatmadaw in the area. During this conflict the Wa army occupied areas close to the Thai border, ending up with the control of two separate swathes of territory north and south of Kengtung. UWSA is one of the 17 armed ceased fire groups that attended long National Convention orchestrated by Myanmar military.

In August 2009, the United Wa State Army became involved in the Kokang incident, a violent conflict with Burma's military junta's Myanmar Armed Forces (Tatmadaw). This was the largest outbreak of fighting between ethnic armies and government troops since the signing of the cease-fire 20 years earlier. Myanmar signed a peace deal with the UWSA in 2013 in the leadup to the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement (NCA). However, the UWSA did not sign the NCA in 2015.

In April 2017, China helped the UWSA establish a seven-member alliance called the Federal Political Negotiation and Consultative Committee (FPNCC), after the demise of another alliance, the United Nationalities Federal Council, in the wake of the NCA. Today, the UWSA maintains close links with FPNCC partners like the Myanmar National Democratic Alliance Army (MNDAA), the Ta'ang Army and the Arakan Army. The MNDAA is a Kokang CPB splinter group and both the Ta'ang Army and the Arakan Army fought alongside the MNDAA in Kokang in 2015. These three groups, among others, receive Chinese weapons from the UWSA either as gifts or purchases.

The United Wa State Army also works with the ULFA-ATF, an Assam resistance group which launches attacks in India through mobile bases in Myanmar. In November 2023, the UWSA vowed to use force against armed incursions from both sides in the Myanmar civil war after Wa State was declared a neutral zone.

Leadership

The Burma National United Party (BNUP) and, later, the United Wa State Army (UWSA) was founded and led by Chao Ngi Lai, also spelt as Zhao Nyi-lai. After his stroke in 1995, Bao Youxiang, the military commander of the UWSA, took over leadership, while Chao remained the General-Secretary of the United Wa State Party (UWSP) until he died at the age of 70 in 2009. Ai Xiaoxue, as the founder of the Wa National Council (WNC), was also instrumental in the merger establishing the UWSA with the BNUP. He formed the WNC with Maha Hsang Wiang Ngeun, his brother-in-law, in 1984. His group was the nucleus of UWSA's 171 Military Region near the Thai border. He died at the age of 78 in Mandalay on 29 October 2011. Today, Bao Youxiang remains the Commander-in-Chief, running the UWSA with his brothers Bao Youyi and Bao Youliang. Youyi, who became the deputy-general secretary of the UWSP in 2005, holds an important position in the army. Youliang manages the headquarters of the northern Wa hills in Möng Mao

The first Deputy Commander-in-Chief was Li Ziru, an ethnically Chinese former Red Guard volunteer. He remained with the CPB through the 1970s when many Chinese CPB members returned to China and eventually joined the UWSA serving until his death in 2005. It is plausible that Li and other ethnic Chinese remained in the CPB splinter groups because China wanted to maintain influence even after the mutiny of 1989. The group's Deputy Commander-in-Chief today is Zhao Zhongdang. In 2022, due to the advanced age of both Bao Youxiang and Zhao, Bao Youxiang's nephew Bao Ai Chan was promoted to be Deputy Commander-in-Chief alongside Zhao, who retains his position. The 2022 reshuffle will not largely change the administration and leadership of the UWSA, but signals a lesson learnt from the 1989 CPB leadership crises.

The foreign affairs spokesperson role that Li Ziru played has been taken over by Zhao Guoan, another ethnically Chinese veteran. He took part in the Union Peace Conference – 21st Century Panglong peace talks in 2017 and 2018. Although he is from Yunnan, he was the only delegate comfortable speaking Burmese among the ethnic armies.

In October 2023, Deputy Commander-in-Chief Bao Ai Chan was arrested while in China, in a string of arrests and extraditions relating to over 1,000 Chinese citizens involved in cyber scams in connection with Wa State. The UWSA has reportedly appointed a successor but does not comment on the arrest.

Territory

The towns of Pangkham and Mong Pawk are within the area of this special region. The UWSA negotiated a cease-fire agreement with the Burmese military in the 1990s, and currently backs a counterinsurgency strategy of the Myanmar Army against the Shan State Army (RCSS) (RCSS/SSA). The UWSA defied the military regime's recent demand to disarm and participate in the 2010 elections, and instead proposed to declare the territory under their control as a special autonomous region.

According to 2008 constitution, six townships are designated as the Wa Self-Administered Division. Those are Mongmao, Pangwaun, Namphan, Pangkham (Pangsang), Hopang and Matman Township. Although Mong Pawk is not part of it, but part of Mong Yang Township, the UWSA was strongly against to give away that area from its control because it serves as a link with its ally, the National Democratic Alliance Army (NDAA) in Mongla. Hopang and Matman are not under UWSA control. UWSA announced its territory as Wa State Government Special Administrative Region in January 2009.

Business operations
The cease-fire agreement allowed the United Wa State Army to freely expand their logistical operations with the Burmese military, including the trafficking of drugs to neighbouring Thailand and Laos. The Wa have used revenue generated from the sale of drugs to finance political and economic goals, like weapons and hospitals.

Illicit business
Using commercial concessions granted through favorable relations with General Khin Nyut, the UWSA operated illicit enterprises in the 1990s via affiliated businesspeople and enterprises.

Drug trafficking
In August 1990, government officials began drafting a plan to end drug production and trafficking in Wa State. According to an interview with Wa officials in 1994, Bao Youyi (Tax Kuad Rang; also known as Bao Youyu) became wanted by the Chinese police for his involvement in drug trafficking. As a result, Bao Youxiang and Zhao Nyi-Lai went to Cangyuan Va Autonomous County of China and signed the Cangyuan Agreement with local officials, which stated that, "No drugs will go into the international society (from Wa State); no drugs will go into China (from Wa State); no drugs will go into Burmese government-controlled areas (from Wa State)." However, the agreement did not mention whether or not Wa State could sell drugs to insurgent groups.

In 1997, the United Wa State Party officially proclaimed that Wa State would be drug-free by the end of 2005. With the help of the United Nations and the Chinese government, many opium farmers in Wa State shifted to the production of rubber and tea. However, some poppy farmers continued to cultivate the flower outside of Wa State.

The United States government Drug Enforcement Administration labelled the UWSA as a narcotic trafficking organisation on 29 May 2003. On 3 November 2005, The Department of the Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control listed 11 individuals and 16 companies that were "part of the financial and commercial network of designated significant foreign narcotics trafficker Wei Hsueh-kang and the United Wa State Army (UWSA)." The UWSA is said to be the largest drug-producing organisation in Southeast Asia. The UWSP on its part blamed both the Ne Win military government and the CPB for using the Wa as "pawns in the violent destructive games" and encouraging them to grow the opium poppy.

The opium poppy harvest had increased since the former drug baron and warlord Lo Hsing Han managed to rebuild his drug empire after he became the intermediary for cease-fire agreements between the military intelligence chief Khin Nyunt and the Kokang and Wa insurgents who had rebelled against and toppled the Communist leadership in 1989. In addition to the traditional Golden Triangle export of opiates, production has diversified to methamphetamine, or yaa baa, which is cheaper and easier to manufacture than heroin. Thai authorities have denounced methamphetamine production, trafficking, and consumption as a threat to national security. It denied involvement in the Mekong incident of 5 November 2011.

Poppy cultivation has declined in both northern Laos and the Wa region partly as a result of a ban imposed by the UWSP in 2005. In 1999, Bao Youxiang ordered a forced relocation, away from the poppy fields, of six northern Wa districts south to mainly Shan and Lahu areas. The World Food Program (WFP) and China also provided emergency food assistance to former poppy farmers. Chinese criminal organisations in the area however may have simply switched the production line from heroin to amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS) such as yaa baa.

Other operations
Wei Hsueh-kang founded the Hong Pang Group in 1998 with revenues from the drug trade after taking advantage of the privileges offered in the cease-fire deal by Khin Nyunt. Its position in the country's economy, not just the Wa State, is reflected by the multitude of businesses it owns and controls in construction, agriculture, gems and minerals, petroleum, electronics and communications, distilleries and department stores. Hong Pang Group is based at Pangkham with offices also in Yangon, Mandalay, Lashio, Tachilek and Mawlamyine and minor bases in Sankang and Khailong. UWSA also operated its own bank in the past.

Ho Chun Ting (also known as Aik Haw and Hsiao Haw), the son-in-law of Bao Youxiang, is the principal owner and managing director of Yangon Airways and chairman of Tetkham Co Ltd that runs a chain of hotels. Close to Khin Nyunt and several other generals in the junta, he was also involved in gems auctions and several large construction projects with the Yangon City Development Council. He was reported to have fled to Pangkham following the arrest of his known associates in a drug-related offence in January 2009. Aik Haw was included in the Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List published by the US Treasury's Office of Foreign Assets Control on 25 November 2008.

Former Thai Premier Thaksin Shinawatra and the Thai military have a long-standing business relationship with the UWSA.

Despite publicly declaring neutrality, the UWSA allegedly supplies weapons (with the exception of MANPADS) to anti-Junta groups such as the Three Brotherhood Alliance.

Relationship with China
UWSA has benefited from long-standing political and military ties to China, and has a close relationship with China's security agencies. Most significantly, this provides China leverage inside Burma allowing it to push other issues like the Sino-Myanmar pipelines. Beijing's official delegate is only one layer of its approach to diplomacy with not just the central government but also the various ethnic armies along the China–Myanmar border China's involvement in the UWSA's peace process aims to create stability for its multiple large infrastructure investments and keep its natural resource trade across the border protected.

The Chinese government uses former CPB forces like UWSA as proxies within Burma, and works to ensure the drugs they produce are not smuggled into China. Wa State has benefited from substantial Chinese tourism, turning Mong La into a Chinese tourist hub. China also helped the UWSA establish themselves as the de facto leaders of the FPNCC. The Chinese also supply military hardware, arms, and training to the UWSA.

Deployment
The United Wa State Army (UWSA) has five "divisions" deployed along the Thai-Burma border:
 * 1) 778th Division commanded by Ta Marn
 * 2) 772nd Division commanded by Ta Hsong
 * 3) 775th Division commanded by Yang Guojong
 * 4) 248th Division commanded by Ta Hsang
 * 5) 518th Division commanded by Li Hsarm-nab

On the China-Burma border are stationed another three "divisions":
 * 1) 318th Division
 * 2) 418th Division
 * 3) 468th Division

The United Wa State Army has 30,000 active service men with a 10,000 strong auxiliary force. It is one of the largest cease fire groups. Monthly salary is only 60 CNY (US$7.5). UWSA had clashes with the Thai Army in Mar–May 2002.

Arms supply
According to Jane's Intelligence Review in April 2008, China has become the main source of arms to the United Wa State Army, displacing traditional black market sources in South East Asia such as Thailand and Cambodia. Arms transfers to the UWSA from China are directed from the highest level in Beijing.

Jane's reported in 2001 that the UWSA had acquired HN-5N surface-to-air missiles (SAMs) from China as part of the build-up near the Thai border where they were reported to be operating 40–50 laboratories manufacturing yaa baa. In November 2014, Janes further reported that the UWSA have acquired the FN-6 Surface-to-air missile to supplant the HN-5N in service, which was promptly denied by the UWSA. It is also the middleman between Chinese arms manufacturers and other insurgent groups in Myanmar. By 2012, Chinese support had increased to the point of supplying armoured vehicles such as the 6 × 6 PTL-02 assault gun being sighted in Pangkham.

On 29 April 2013, Janes IHS reported that several Mil Mi-17 helicopters armed with TY-90 air-to-air missiles were supplied to UWSA by China. The allegations were dismissed by China, Thai military sources, other Myanmar ethnic sources and the UWSA themselves. In 2015 IHS Jane's reported that UWSA members had been photographed training with Chinese Type 96 122 mm howitzers and HJ-8 ATGMs.

A Jane's report in December 2008 stated that the UWSA had turned to arms production to supplement their income from arms and drug trafficking, and started a small arms production line for AK-47s.

Conscription policies
The UWSA requires that at least one male in each household serve in either the UWSA or Wa State administration. Larger families are obligated to provide two males for the army or administration.

title: United Wa State Army


text:
Wikipedia talk:Requests for comment/Nick Boulevard

Further abuse

 * Further abuse, further allegations of sock-puppetry, and blaming others for his own behaviour, at . Andy Mabbett 22:26, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * More abuse . Andy Mabbett 23:09, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Yet more abuse and fallacious accusations Andy Mabbett 08:57, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Andy, did you ever watch Dastardly and Muttley in their Flying Machines ? Nick Boulevard 23:25, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Attempt to pass off abuse as "tongue in cheek" (since overwritten). Andy Mabbett 20:07, 20 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Andy, I am honestly not being nasty now but you need to let this go, it is obviously eating you up and that may not be good for your health, I am concerned for you, you seem to be concentrating on trivia and the past now that I have ceased copy vio and "abuse". Nick Boulevard 21:51, 20 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Mass revert of Birmingham Dance music scene, including previously- corrected typos. Andy Mabbett 08:29, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Further accusations of sock-puppetry, including a claim that his view is suported by another user . Andy Mabbett 11:15, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Claims authorship of another collaborative article (on edit summary) . Andy Mabbett 23:18, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Another suggestion (made anonymously) that he should approve edits before they are made; and that copyvio notification should have been discussed with him before being posted. . Andy Mabbett 08:12, 24 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Another unfounded accsuation of sock-puppetry . Andy Mabbett 30 June 2005 09:46 (UTC)

 * Blames another for his bahaviour . Andy Mabbett 4 July 2005 09:19 (UTC)

Andy: Please cease this vendetta. Your last post misrepresents the diff that it cites. Your apparently relentless stalking of Nick is looking like harassment to me. Please stop.—Theo (Talk) 4 July 2005 13:19 (UTC)
 * I'm not responsible for the fallacious interpretation you choose to place on my edits; but there is no vendetta. This is the page for discussion of a Request for comments, is it not? Andy Mabbett 4 July 2005 14:21 (UTC)
 * I apologise for the word "vendetta". Please cease posting misrepresentative descriptions of Nick's behaviour. It is now some ten days since Nick agreed to behave appropriately and has conformed to that agreement. Your continued postings of this nature may not be calculated to goad Nick into misbehaviour but it seems probable that they will eventually have that effect.  If you have not already realised this, then I hope that this alone will persuade you to be much more cautious about the allegations that you are making.  It is my opinion that your behaviour appears aggressive. Continuing to list accusations after the RFC has, as it were, "gone cold" is a form of harassment. Please stop.—Theo  (Talk) 4 July 2005 17:21 (UTC)

 * Hi Andy/ Theo, to be honest I have only just read this by chance after user Deni has given support to me here, which I might add I didn't ask for. I am quite chilled out about all this now and so long as Andy acts this way on Wikipedia I don't much care. Theo, your words of not letting others drive my behaviour is a good bit of advice and is currently working for me, thanks. :) Nick Boulevard 22:38, 10 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Personal attack . Andy Mabbett 11:03, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Unfounded acsuation of vandalism . Andy Mabbett 11:03, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Creaton of nonsense page . Andy Mabbett 11:15, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

 * More lies, paranoia, accusations of sock-puppetry and threats; also describes the above as "petty errors"; claims this RFC has "fizzled out": . Andy Mabbett 18:37, 27 July 2005 (UTC)

 * You've been warned about this already Andy, time to get a grip Nick Boulevard 22:29, 28 July 2005 (UTC)

 * False accusation . Andy Mabbett 20:16, 31 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Further imnsinuation of sock- puppetry . Andy Mabbett 20:16, 31 July 2005 (UTC)

 * oops, silly me, that was a slip of the tongue so to speak, I am so used to you and brumburger arguing over the same things, one after another, almost in synconicity that I am getting really confused as to which is which or who is who? sorry mate :) Nick Boulevard 23:15, 31 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Another personal attack . Andy Mabbett 09:26, 1 August 2005 (UTC)

 * False (and hence unsubstantiated) allegations . Andy Mabbett 20:37, 1 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Further false (and hence unsubstantiated) allegations; admission of abusiveness . Andy Mabbett 23:49, 22 November 2005 (UTC)

Explanation of removals
I have removed some recent additions to this RFC because they are not demonstrably relevant. The Midland Red copyvio was added by an anon Tiscali customer (Nick's known anon contributions have been from Energis IP addresses) and there has been no suggestion that Leonig Mig is Nick's sock puppet. The assumption that an anonymous Birmingham-related copyvio must be doiwn to Nick is mere name-calling unless the fact that it is mere suspicion is made explicit. Likewise, User:Leonig Mig's behaviour is not the subject of this RFC. If you have a problem with Leonig Mig take it up with him directly or raise a separate RFC/Wikiquette report. —Theo (Talk) 10:52, 29 July 2005 (UTC)
 * I have reverted your censorship. Andy Mabbett 10:55, 29 July 2005 (UTC)

 * This is a can of worms. Some of the copyright violations from 2004 discovered at around the time that Nick's came to light were from this range of IP numbers, and were suspiciously similar to Nick's cut-and-paste copying of Birmingham-related articles, but were not reported as such.  I strongly suspected at the time that these were Nick, either using another computer or a dialup account he has not since used.  His comment on Talk:Midland Red confirms that suspicion.  As does Spencer Davis Group, which Nick claims on his user page to have created using a different IP address - the SDG page was created two days before Midland Red by User:80.225.165.2 --Brumburger 13:23, 29 July 2005 (UTC)

 * And lo and behold, the Spencer Davis Group page, which Nick so proudly claims as his own work, is in fact copied from here. --Brumburger 13:34, 29 July 2005 (UTC)

 * See also: Velocette, this, and this. There are many edits to Birmingham from addresses in this IP block which are also clearly Nick. --Brumburger 14:13, 29 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Three points really,

 * 1. Any copyright vio that I may have done before the RFC is in the past full stop.

 * 2. Second point is that to be honest I have contributed so many articles to Wikipedia that I am half guessing those that I started which are not signed by me... who really knows, If I'm not sure then? If something is copyright vio then do what you feel is best for wiki! :) Nick Boulevard 23:18, 29 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Didn't realise that a twat could also mean a pregnant fish. Nick Boulevard 23:24, 29 July 2005 (UTC)

 * 1) You are still claiming authorship/ownership of at least one copyvio article on your user page.

 * Ok I will remove them :) Nick Boulevard 13:47, 30 July 2005 (UTC)

 * 1) If you had any honour or integrity after the RfC you would have gone back and removed those articles yourself, instead of leaving it to others.  Indeed, you would have done this last year when you first claimed to realise that stealing other people's copyrighted work is wrong, instead of which you carried on doing it.

 * I think you are getting yourself all worked up again Brumburger, my honour and integrity is all in order and working quite fine thank you :) Nick Boulevard 13:47, 30 July 2005 (UTC)

 * 1) You know very well which articles you started, in fact you appear to be slightly obsessive on the subject.

 * So obsessive they're all gone now, just to please you Brumburger, I can see it's really upsetting you :)
 * Actually, on second thoughts, I will not remove them, even the copyright articles that I started before my RFC, it's a good example of how the RFC has improved my wiki articles. Nick Boulevard 14:06, 30 July 2005 (UTC)

 * 1) Although then again, you do admit to having added many articles while drunk, so perhaps that's the explanation.

 * I know, I have a pretty good social life, drinking alcohol in moderation is part of that fun for me, do you ever enjoy a drink Brumburger or are you T-total? Nick Boulevard 13:55, 30 July 2005 (UTC)

 * 1) "Twat" does not mean a pregnant fish

 * You said it. Nick Boulevard 13:47, 30 July 2005 (UTC)

--Brumburger 06:59, 30 July 2005 (UTC)
 * 1) .  Abuse noted, and added to the ever-growing list in the RfC.

 * I find it incredulous that you are wasting so much time following me on here and listing things that happened months and months ago, it's obviously eating you up and for what? I'm always going to be here Andy, I enjoy adding new articles, what do you enjoy doing here? Nick Boulevard 12:23, 31 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Further dishonest claims (How does he think he knows what someone else did or did not "look into"? Andy Mabbett 17:41, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

 * How can you claim that an alegation I have made is dishonest when I honestly believe that alegation, you could say "Further claims that in my opinion are false" but the fact that you suggest that I am making the claims dishonestly is in itself a dishonest remark, those alegations are in fact made in good faith and I do not believe that you looked into Punch Records, why did you list it to be deleted as soon as I created it, you do pay me a lot of attention don't you, stop it please. Nick Boulevard 14:34, 13 August 2005 (UTC)

Andy, it is my opinion that your logging here of every one of Nick's edits that offends you, coupled with your repeated deletion of Gman's critical comments on your behaviour, diminishes your credibility. I also think that it creates a pattern in which it would be reasonable for others to imagine that Nick is your victim. Please stop making repeated deletions/reversions and please stop using uppercase edit summaries (which I find shrill and akin to shouting). —Theo (Talk) 23:57, 16 August 2005 (UTC)
 * I think this RFC has gone way beyond it's usefulness and is only a focus for more bad blood, I think it should be brought to a close. Is there any proccess for that? -- Joolz 23:59, 16 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Revert, removing Wikilinks, and with PoV edit sumamry . Andy Mabbett 07:57, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Improper removal of VfD notice . Andy Mabbett 07:57, 24 August 2005 (UTC)
 * Repeated . Andy Mabbett 11:04, 25 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Yet more dishonest accusations.  Andy Mabbett 07:57, 24 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Personal attack in edit summary . Andy Mabbett 11:06, 25 August 2005 (UTC)


text:
Talk:List of Spanish verbs

For a May 2005 deletion debate over this page see Votes for deletion/List of Spanish verbs

title: Talk:List of Spanish verbs