text:
Talk:Kaizer Chiefs F.C.

Etymology
Does their name mean anything? Emperor chiefs? =)

 * It comes from their founder, Kaizer Motaung. Greenman 14 June 2005

Fair use rationale for Image:Vodacom logo.jpg
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BetacommandBot 11:13, 6 July 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Kaizer Chiefs.gif
Image:Kaizer Chiefs.gif is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 22:43, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

Loftus Versfeld
Since when has Loftus Versfeld been one of Kaizer Chiefs' grounds? The Chiefs are from Jo'burg and Loftus Versfeld is in Pretoria, so how does that even work? – PeeJay 15:53, 4 July 2008 (UTC)

It is because Vodacom had shares in Loftus and are main sponsors for both Blue Bulls and Kaizer Chiefs. During that time FNB was not available due to renovations. Since anywhere in the country is home to Kaizer Chiefs, the sponsors chose Loftus as home ground for Kaizer Chiefs. It was pointless to rent the stadium while the sponsors had shares in other stadium. And that was the right decision because the average attendance at the stadium was over 25000164.151.129.211 (talk) 12:38, 26 March 2012 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 164.151.129.211 (talk) 12:36, 26 March 2012 (UTC)

Lucas Radebe
"Kaiser Chiefs, a British indie/britpop band, was named after the club because Nyiko Mathebula, a former player of Kaizer Chiefs, captained Leeds United, the team they all supported."Italic text

I'd question this statement. I can definitely remember either seeing or else hearing the Kaiser Chiefs interviewed and they specifically said that they picked the name because Lucas Radebe was their favorite player. Correct story wrong player. Sorry I can't prove it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.110.224.148 (talk) 17:16, 7 July 2012 (UTC)

 * Somebody has been fiddling with this article. Yes, the Brit band did take the name because of Lucas Radebe, who was the Leeds United captain. If you have notcied the name Nyiko Mathebula has been inserted in a number of positions within the article - Executive Chairman, Coach, Football Manager and even as a player - where in fact said person is completely unrelated to the club. Thesmartstag (talk) 06:32, 19 July 2012 (UTC)
 * I cleaned up what I could and found a link that confirms that the Brit band Kaiser Chiefs took there name from the club because of Lucas Radebe. Thesmartstag (talk) 07:08, 19 July 2012 (UTC)

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The false information used by some users on wikipedia
I'm not trying to be better or sound uncool but I have lost full faith on information by wikipedia because of information we see on Wikipedia, the platform has lost it credibility and everything on this platform has raised eyebrows so some institutions wich can no longer trust information sourced at this platform, people edit proper articles and put false information. Khoele 14:58, 1 September 2018 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Khoele (talk • contribs)

title: Talk:Kaizer Chiefs F.C.


text:
Talk:Confusion

Merge
Have added to merge list:

''Merge Mental confusion into Delirium since the current Mental confusion article mostly describes specifically delirium rather than confusion in general. Create a new article Confusion (clinical) discussing the clinical sign of confusion and the differentiation between its acute cause (Delirium) and its chronic cause (Dementia).'' --Lee Collier 07:01, 30 June 2006 (UTC)

Acute and Chronic Confusion, Delirium, Dementia
There are already articles about Delirium and Dementia, which are synonymous with Acute Confusion and Chronic Confusion respectively. To avoid confusion (!) useful information from this article (which seems to mainly refer to acute confusion) should be rolled into those two articles and this article used as a discussion of the difference between the two. There is no difference medically between 'mental confusion' and 'confusion' ('mental' is redundant) but there is a difference between the general usage of 'confusion' and its specific clinical meaning.

I'll watch these pages and make the changes I've outlined unless someone suggests a good reason not to.

 * I've done some cleanup. But since confusion is not the same as delerium (even with the large overlap), two separate articles are justified. The umbrella article should be cognitive dysfunction, which does not yet exist. S  B Harris 03:06, 22 July 2006 (UTC)

temp
ill try again

Page seems to lack lots of information
Is there a difference between "confusion" and "mental confusion"? If the answer is "no", this article seems to be missing quite a bit of information. One could be "confused" in the sense that their mind is in a state where it's reasoning capabilities are highly retarded, but it can also simply describe a mental state in which the mind lacks enough knowledge to determine the truth or make a sound judgement. It can also describe a state in which one is aware of a multiple number of possible answers to a question in which only one is true, yet each answer that the person is aware of is equally plausible with the person's current level of information.
 * I agree. "confusion" directs here, but here is not an article about confusion, but some pseudo-scientific psychiatric stuff which was not what I was looking for. The word dates back to the 13th century - the current article seems to be from a medical text book.93.96.148.42 (talk) 23:23, 13 April 2012 (UTC)

Vandalism
I deleted: "Nonplussed is the act or state of being without plus. To be bored or unimpressed. Dave totally owes me lunch, regardless of any edits made to wikipedia." Nonplussed could have a place in this article but it was definitely out of context. And, what follows after the Nonplussed sentence doesn't make any sense. 75.68.238.185 (talk) 06:12, 14 November 2008 (UTC)
 * As you'll see two sections down, I came here as a redirect from Nonplussed. I'm not sure it belongs here either; but if it does, it should have some kind of mention.--Mrcolj (talk) 00:28, 17 November 2010 (UTC)

Seems better suited to Simple
Why are all the terms defined instead of wikified? kaiti-sicle 05:26, 20 December 2006 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as start, and the rating on other projects was brought up to start class. BetacommandBot 16:30, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

Nonplussed
"Nonplussed" redirects here. "Nonplus" redirects to a non-notable 80s British dark ambient / industrial band (Konstruktivits), because they had one unpopular track with that gothomoric name. Will someone with the skills redirect "nonplus" here, or just delete the redirect altogether? And if you're angry at the spam, go ahead and look at whatever redirects to said band exist... --Mrcolj (talk) 00:27, 17 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Redirect (finally) deleted. --Anthony Bradbury"talk" 17:27, 24 February 2016 (UTC)

Mental Confusion- diagnosis or description
This article is currently about some recently invented medical description, although the word is over 700 years old. While the pathological elements are important, I think they are of secondary significance.93.96.148.42 (talk) 23:33, 13 April 2012 (UTC)

external source
doesnt cover mental confusion as the result of an external event or abuse or intentionally engineered mental confusion.--Penbat (talk) 11:51, 21 May 2013 (UTC)

Tagged for expert opinion needed
December 2013; there is a need to have someone knowledgeable step in here. The request to merge Mental confusion (this article) into Delirium has been pending for several years. If this happens (or not) should probably depend on input from someone in the field who knows what they're talking about. See >>>here<<< for the prior discussion. Any further discussion should also probably take place there INSTEAD of here. I have left the discussion open for now, but have removed the stale merger banners. Thanks,  GenQuest  "Talk to Me" 02:19, 23 December 2013 (UTC)
 * By no means can you consider me an expert, but “confusion” is a broader concept than a medical symptom. For example, somebody studying a difficult subject matter such as mathematics may be readily confused; likewise, the Law School Admission Test contains a whole section (or 2) of confusing “logic puzzles.”   I realize that “Wikipedia is not a how-to manual,” but nevertheless you could add a section on what conditions (e.g. having to deal with multiple stimuli simultaneously) or subject-matter characteristics (e.g. lack of familiarity) could cause confusion in a normal person, strategies for understanding confusing situations, etc. 2600:1003:B014:7BFD:0:42:4701:DE01 (talk) 01:32, 29 August 2015 (UTC)
 * Mental confusion is not the same as delirium although both are similar mental dysfunctions. They should not be merged. --Anthony Bradbury"talk" 17:31, 24 February 2016 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 18:27, 6 December 2018 (UTC)
 * Confused in forest.jpg

"😕" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has identified a potential problem with the redirect 😕 and has thus listed it for discussion. This discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 May 3 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. Veverve (talk) 12:01, 3 May 2022 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Talk:Confusion


text:
Francisco Torres (Mexican footballer)

Francisco Javier Torres Zamora (born 12 May 1983) is a Mexican former footballer who last played for Lobos BUAP of Liga MX.

Torres was born in León, Guanajuato. He made his debut against La Piedad, in a semifinal match in which he played three minutes. Torres got his first start against Pachuca in the first game of the Clausura 2003. In his third game as a professional soccer player, Torres scored a spectacular goal against Chivas which tied the game 1–1. The following season, Leo Beenhakker became the new coach of Club América and he relegated Torres. He did not play a single minute. Clausura 2004 was not much better as Torres only made 2 appearances for a total of 33 minutes.

Apertura 2004 brought a new hope for Torres. Leo Beenhakker had been sacked and Oscar Ruggeri became the new coach. Torres immediately began playing and scored the winning goal in the first game of the season against Dorados de Sinaloa. Torres appeared a total of 15 times but did not score again. Even though his playing time decreased during the Clausura 2005 season, he responded during the playoffs when teammate Óscar Rojas was unable to play. Torres scored an important goal in the semifinals against Cruz Azul and helped Club América win their 10th championship.

Prior to the Apertura 2006 season, Torres was traded to Santos Laguna in a deal that brought Argentinian goalscorer Vicente Matías Vuoso to América.

title: Francisco Torres (Mexican footballer)


text:
Solidago virgaurea

Solidago virgaurea, the European goldenrod or woundwort, is an herbaceous perennial plant of the family Asteraceae. It is widespread across most of Europe as well as North Africa and northern, central, and southwestern Asia (China, Russia, India, Turkey, Kazakhstan, etc.). It is grown as a garden flower with many different cultivars. It flowers profusely in late summer.

Solidago virgaurea is a perennial herb up to 100 cm (40 inches) tall, with a branching underground caudex and a woody rhizome. It produces arrays of numerous small yellow flower heads at the top of the stem.

 * Subspecies and varieties
 * Solidago virgaurea subsp. alpestris (Waldst. & Kit.) Gremli
 * Solidago virgaurea subsp. armena (Grossh.) Greuter
 * Solidago virgaurea subsp. asiatica Kitam. ex Hara
 * Solidago virgaurea var. calcicola Fernald
 * Solidago virgaurea subsp. caucasica (Kem.-Nath.) Greuter
 * Solidago virgaurea subsp. dahurica (Kitag.) Kitag.
 * Solidago virgaurea subsp. gigantea (Nakai) Kitam.
 * Solidago virgaurea var. insularis (Kitam.) Hara
 * Solidago virgaurea subsp. jailarum (Juz.) Tzvelev
 * Solidago virgaurea subsp. lapponica (With.) Tzvelev
 * Solidago virgaurea subsp. macrorrhiza (Lange) Nyman
 * Solidago virgaurea subsp. minuta (L.) Arcang.
 * Solidago virgaurea subsp. stenophylla (G.E.Schultz) Tzvelev
 * Solidago virgaurea subsp. talyschensis (Tzvelev) Sennikov
 * Solidago virgaurea subsp. taurica (Juz.) Tzvelev
 * Solidago virgaurea subsp. turfosa (Woronow ex Grossh.) Greuter
 * Solidago virgaurea subsp. virgaurea
 * Solidago virgaurea var. virgaurea

Medicinal uses
In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries Solidago virgaurea was used in Europe to heal wounds. Its astringent, diuretic, antiseptic and other properties are well known. In various assessments by the European Medicines Agency with respect to Solidago virgaurea, non-clinical data shows diuretic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, analgesic and spasmolytic, antibacterial, and immunomodulatory activity. However, as no single ingredient is responsible for these effects, the whole herbal preparation of Solidago inflorescences must be considered as the active ingredient. Further, the relevance of those effects found in vitro could not be confirmed by clinical studies.

title: Solidago virgaurea


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Creation evangelism

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or on a Votes for Undeletion nomination). No further edits should be made to this page.

The result of the debate was DELETE. -Splash 21:19, 12 September 2005 (UTC)

Creation evangelism
This stub seems to be an excuse to put in some references to Creationist websites. References to 'the risen Lord' doesn't seem NPOV.

DELETE This is clearly evangelical prose and fails to present Neutral POV. Not facts but faith, which has no place in reference materials.

 * Delete I see no way this could ever become NPOV. --WCFrancis 01:43, 31 August 2005 (UTC)
 * This nom was malformed and never added to a main VfD page. Completing nom now.  Weak keep but maybe get rid of some of the links.  JYolkowski // talk 14:42, 4 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. The number of creationist pages in Wikipedia is getting out of hand. --Ian Pitchford 17:44, 4 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. NPOV version of this information is included elsewhere in the creationism pages. Sdedeo 20:50, 4 September 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or redirect to Creationism. Denni ☯ 00:12, 2005 September 5 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page (such as the article's talk page or in an undeletion request). No further edits should be made to this page.


text:
System Restore

System Restore is a feature in Microsoft Windows that allows the user to revert their computer's state (including system files, installed applications, Windows Registry, and system settings) to that of a previous point in time, which can be used to recover from system malfunctions or other problems. First included in Windows Me, it has been included in all following desktop versions of Windows released since, excluding Windows Server. In Windows 10, System Restore is turned off by default and must be enabled by users in order to function. This does not affect personal files such as documents, music, pictures, and videos.

In prior Windows versions it was based on a file filter that watched changes for a certain set of file extensions, and then copied files before they were overwritten. An updated version of System Restore introduced by Windows Vista uses the Shadow Copy service as a backend (allowing block-level changes in files located in any directory on the volume to be monitored and backed up regardless of their location) and allows System Restore to be used from the Windows Recovery Environment in case the Windows installation no longer boots at all.

Overview
In System Restore, the user may create a new restore point manually (as opposed to the system creating one automatically), roll back to an existing restore point, or change the System Restore configuration. Moreover, the restore itself can be undone. Old restore points are discarded in order to keep the volume's usage within the specified amount. For many users, this can provide restore points covering the past several weeks. Users concerned with performance or space usage may also opt to disable System Restore entirely. Files stored on volumes not monitored by System Restore are never backed up or restored.

System Restore backs up system files of certain extensions (.exe, .dll, etc.) and saves them for later recovery and use. It also backs up the registry and most drivers.

Resources monitored
Starting with Windows Vista, System Restore takes a snapshot of all volumes it is monitoring. However, on Windows XP, it only monitors the following:
 * Windows Registry
 * Files in the Windows File Protection folder
 * Local user profiles
 * COM+ and WMI databases
 * IIS metabase
 * Specific file types monitored

The list of file types and directories to be included or excluded from monitoring by System Restore can be customized on Windows Me and Windows XP by editing %windir%\system32\restore\Filelist.xml.

Disk space consumption
The amount of disk space System Restore consumes can be configured. Starting with Windows XP, the disk space allotted is configurable per volume and the data stores are also stored per volume. Files are stored using NTFS compression and a Disk Cleanup handler allows deleting all but the most recent Restore Points. System Restore can be disabled completely to regain disk space. It automatically disables itself if the volume's free space is too low for it to operate.

Restore points
Windows creates restore points:

 * When software is installed using Windows Installer or other installers that are aware of System Restore
 * When Windows Update installs new updates
 * When the user installs a driver that is not digitally signed by Windows Hardware Quality Labs
 * Periodically. By default:
 * Windows XP creates a restore point every 24 hours
 * Windows Vista creates a restore point if none is created within the last 24 hours
 * Windows 7 creates a restore point if none has been created within the last seven days
 * On user's command

Windows XP stores restore point files in a hidden folder named "System Volume Information" on the root of every drive, partition or volume, including most external drives and some USB flash drives.

The operating system deletes older restore points per the configured space constraint on a first in, first out basis.

Implementation differences
There are considerable differences between how System Restore works under Windows XP and later Windows versions.

 * Configuration user interface – In Windows XP, there is a graphical slider to configure the amount of disk space allotted to System Restore. In Windows Vista, the slider to configure the disk space is not available. Using the command-line tool Vssadmin.exe or by editing the appropriate registry key, the space reserved can be adjusted. Starting with Windows 7, the slider is available once again.
 * Maximum space – In Windows XP, System Restore can be configured to use up to a maximum of 12% of the volume's space for most disk sizes; however, this may be less depending on the volume's size. Restore points over 90 days old are automatically deleted, as specified by the registry value RPLifeInterval (Time to Live – TTL) default value of 7776000 seconds. In Windows Vista and later, System Restore is designed for larger volumes. By default, it uses 15% of the volume's space.
 * File paths monitored – Up to Windows XP, files are backed up only from certain directories. On Windows Vista and later, this set of files is defined by monitored extensions outside of the Windows folder, and everything under the Windows folder.
 * File types monitored – Up to Windows XP, it excludes any file types that are considered "personal" to the user, such as documents, digital photographs, media files, e-mail, etc. It also excludes the monitored set of file types (.DLL, .EXE etc.) from folders such as My Documents. Microsoft recommends that if a user is unsure as to whether certain files will be modified by a rollback, they should keep those files under My Documents. When a rollback is performed, the files that were being monitored by System Restore are restored and newly created folders are removed. However, on Windows Vista and later, it excludes only document file types; it does not exclude any monitored system file type regardless of its location.
 * Configuring advanced System Restore settings – Windows XP supports customizing System Restore settings via Windows Registry and a file at . Windows Vista and later no longer support this.
 * FAT32 volume support – On Windows Vista and later, System Restore no longer works on FAT32 disks and cannot be enabled on disks smaller than 1 GB.

Restoring the system
Up to Windows XP, the system can be restored as long as it is in an online state, that is, as long as Windows boots normally or from Safe mode. It is not possible to restore the system if Windows is unbootable without using 3rd-party bootable recovery media such as ERD Commander. Under Windows Vista and later, the Windows Recovery Environment can be used to launch System Restore and restore a system in an offline state, that is, in case the Windows installation is unbootable. Since the advent of Microsoft Desktop Optimization Pack, Diagnostics and Recovery Toolset from it can be used to create a bootable recovery disc that can log on to an unbootable Windows installation and start System Restore. The toolset includes ERD Commander for Windows XP that was previously a 3rd-party product by Winternals.

Limitations and complications
Before Windows Vista, System Restore protection was restricted to select locations and predetermined file types. Therefore, System Restore could not fully revert unwanted software installations, especially in-place software upgrades. Starting with Windows Vista, System Restore monitors all files on all file paths on a given volume.

It is not possible to create a permanent restore point. All restore points will eventually be deleted after the time specified in the  registry setting is reached or if allotted disk space is insufficient for newer Restore points. Consequently, in systems with little space allocated, if a user does not notice a new problem within a few days, it may be too late to restore to a configuration from before the problem arose.

On infected system, System Restore may end up archiving malware, such as viruses, before antivirus software has the chance clean the infection. For data integrity purposes, System Restore does not allow other applications or users to modify or delete files in the directory where the restore points are saved. As such, antivirus software is usually unable to remove infected files from restore points. The only way to clean them is to delete them altogether. However stored infected files are harmless until the affected restore point is reinstated.

System Restore cannot monitor changes made to a volume from another operating system (in case of multi-booting scenarios). In addition, multi-booting different versions of Windows can disrupt the operation of System Restore. Specifically, Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 delete the restore points of Windows Vista and later. Also, restore points created by Windows 8 may be destroyed by previous versions of Windows.

title: System Restore


text:
CKKL-FM

CKKL-FM (93.9 MHz) is a commercial radio station in Ottawa, Ontario. Owned by Bell Media, it broadcasts a country format branded as Pure Country 94. CKKL's radio studios and offices are located in the Bell Media Building on George Street in Downtown Ottawa's ByWard Market.

CKKL-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 95,000 watts. The transmitter is in Camp Fortune, Quebec, within Gatineau Park.

CFRA-FM
Frank Ryan originally launched the station on May 3, 1947 as CFRA-FM. At first it largely simulcast the programming of its sister station CFRA 560 AM (now on 580 kHz). In 1959, CFRA-FM began airing some separate programming.

In 1961, Ryan sought approval to increase power from 860 watts to 146,000 watts via a new tower site at Camp Fortune. The Ryan Tower (named after Frank Ryan) would become the area's main radio and television transmission site.

CFMO-FM
In 1961, the simulcast with CFRA ended. The FM station began a format of beautiful music with some classical music at night. The station adopted the call sign CFMO-FM to give it a separate identity from CFRA. The call letters stood for FM Ottawa. Both CFRA and CFMO were subsequently acquired by CHUM Limited in 1968.

The station manager at the time was veteran broadcaster Gord Atkinson, well known to Ottawa listeners. The music director was Ray Eckford. Announcers included: John Cavill and Bryan Williams (mornings) as well as Jim Bristow and Dick Richards (whose real name was Richard "Dick" Gasparini, originally with CKWW and CKCY-FM) in the evenings. Core artists heard on CFMO-FM were orchestras conducted by Percy Faith, Henry Mancini and Mantovani, as well as vocalists such as Frank Sinatra, Barbra Streisand and The Carpenters.

Kool-FM
As the 1990s began, CFMO began playing more soft vocal music and fewer instrumentals. CHUM, Ltd. dropped the longtime easy listening format on August 28, 1992. The new call letters CKKL-FM were acquired and the brand name Kool FM was used for the station's new Hot AC format. The first song was Time, Love & Tenderness by Michael Bolton. (The CFMO call sign and format were picked up by CHEZ-FM Inc., and adopted on what is now CKBY.)

During the hot AC days, they aired mostly contemporary hits during the evening hours (in large part due to CRTC regulations banning FM stations for having more than 50% of hit material on their playlists to protect AM stations and French-language stations), as well as the dance music show "Pirate Radio" with Chris Sheppard on Saturday nights. During the 1990s, CKKL competed against Top 40 stations CKTF-FM (which airs in French) and AM station Energy 1200 (which aired in English). Station liners during this time promoted "Hit Music on FM", directly targeting Energy 1200 listeners. After "Energy" flipped to alternative rock in 1997, CKKL was considered the default English-language hit music station in Ottawa. By February 2003, when CIHT-FM (now a CHR station) launched with its rhythmic contemporary format, CKKL completely shifted to CHR.

Bob FM
On May 31, 2003, at 9:39 AM, CKKL-FM dropped its CHR/Top 40 format, and began stunting with the audio from the movie What About Bob?. After the movie aired, snippets of music played, with "Bob FM" launching at Noon that day, adopting the adult hits format. The first song on "Bob" was I Want A New Drug by Huey Lewis and The News.

Bob FM's morning show, Cub & Company, was hosted by Cub Carson and Melanie Adams, and until February 2013, Sandy Sharkey. The show was formerly hosted by "Stuntman" Stu Schwartz, who is now at CJMJ-FM.

In 2007, CTVglobemedia bought CKKL-FM along with the other CHUM Limited properties. In 2011, Bell Canada acquired CTVglobemedia, renaming the company as Bell Media.

On February 1, 2013, Bell Media announced that longtime Bob FM announcers Steve Gregory and Sandy Sharkey were leaving the station as a result of cuts.

Pure Country 94
On November 10, 2014, Bell Media announced that the "Bob FM" format would be discontinued, citing changing "market conditions" and the need to "pursue a new opportunity". All of the station's on-air talent, including Cub Carson, were laid off, and the station began airing blocks of music punctuated by promos announcing an impending relaunch. Its website referred Bob FM listeners to the online stream of sister station CJPT-FM.

On November 12, 2014 at 11:45 a.m., after again playing "I Want a New Drug" (a near-bookend to the launch of "Bob"), followed by "Like a Virgin" by Madonna, CKKL went into a 15-minute stunt of a ticking clock. At Noon, CKKL flipped to country as New Country 94, launching with a marathon of 10,000 songs played without commercial interruption starting with "Cruise" by Florida Georgia Line. After the 10,000 song marathon, the station began airing advertisements again, preceding song number 10,001 and over.

On May 28, 2019, the station was renamed Pure Country 94 as part of a nationwide rebranding of all Bell Media country stations. The station's morning hosts Sophie Moroz and Jeff Hopper began to host the iHeartRadio Pure Country Countdown for the network as well.

title: CKKL-FM


text:
Embioptera

The order Embioptera, commonly known as webspinners or footspinners, are a small group of mostly tropical and subtropical insects, classified under the subclass Pterygota. The order has also been called Embiodea or Embiidina. More than 400 species in 11 families have been described, the oldest known fossils of the group being from the mid-Jurassic. Species are very similar in appearance, having long, flexible bodies, short legs, and only males having wings.

Webspinners are gregarious, living subsocially in galleries of fine silk which they spin from glands on their forelegs. Members of these colonies are often related females and their offspring; adult males do not feed and die soon after mating. Males of some species have wings and are able to disperse, whereas the females remain near where they were hatched. Newly mated females may vacate the colony and found a new one nearby. Others may emerge to search for a new food source to which the galleries can be extended, but in general, the insects rarely venture from their galleries.

Name and etymology
The name Embioptera ("lively wings") comes from Greek εμβιος, meaning "lively", and πτερον , meaning "wing", a name that has not been considered to be particularly descriptive for this group of fliers, perhaps instead referring to their remarkable speed of movement both forward and backward. The common name webspinner comes from the insects' unique tarsi on their front legs, which produce multiple strands of silk. They use the silk to make web-like galleries in which they live.

Early entomologists considered the webspinners to be a group within the termites or the neuropterans and a variety of group names have been suggested including Adenopoda, Embidaria, Embiaria, and Aetioptera. In 1909 Günther Enderlein used the name Embiidina which was used widely for a while. Edward S. Ross suggested a new name, Embiomorpha in 2007. The currently most-widely accepted ordinal name is Embioptera, suggested by Arthur Shipley in 1904.

Fossil history
Fossils of webspinners are rare. The group probably first appeared during the Jurassic; the oldest known, Sinembia rossi and Juraembia ningchengensis, both in a new family Sinembiidae created for them, are from the Middle Jurassic of Inner Mongolia, and were described in 2009. The female of J. ningchengensis had wings, supporting Ross's proposal that both sexes of ancestral Embioptera were winged. Species such as Atmetoclothoda orthotenes, possibly the first fossil member of the Clothodidae to be discovered, sometimes thought to be a "primitive" family, have been found in mid-Cretaceous amber from northern Myanmar. Litoclostes delicatus (Oligotomidae) has been found in the same locality. The largest number of fossils have been found in mid-Eocene Baltic amber and early-Miocene Dominican amber. Flattened compression fossils that have been interpreted as being webspinners have been found from the Eocene/Oligocene shales of Florissant, Colorado.

Phylogeny
Over 400 embiopteran species in 11 families have been described worldwide, the largest proportion of which inhabit tropical regions. It is estimated that there may be around 2000 species extant today.

The external phylogeny of Embioptera has been debated, with the polyneopteran order controversially classed in 2007 as a sister group to both Zoraptera (angel insects) and Phasmatodea (stick insects). The position of the Embioptera within the Polyneoptera suggested by a phylogenetic analysis carried out in 2012 by Miller et al., combining morphological and molecular evidence, is shown in the cladogram.

The internal phylogeny of the group is not yet fully resolved. Miller et al.'s phylogenetic analysis examined 96 morphological characters and 5 genes for 82 species across the order. Four families were found to be robustly monophyletic in whatever way the phylogeny was analysed (parsimony, maximum likelihood, or Bayesian): Clothodidae, Anisembiidae, Oligotomidae, and Teratembiidae. The Embiidae, Scelembiidae, and Australembiidae remain monophyletic in one or more of the three analyses, but are broken up in others, so their status remains uncertain. Either the Clothodidae (under parsimony analysis) or Australembiidae (under Bayesian analysis) is the sister taxon to the remaining Embioptera taxa, so no single phylogenetic tree can be taken as definitive from this work.

Description

All webspinners have a remarkably similar body form, although they do vary in coloration and size. The majority are brown or black, ranging to pink or reddish shades in some species, and range in length from 15 to 20 mm. The body form of these insects is completely specialised for the silk tunnels and chambers in which they reside, being cylindrical, long, narrow and highly flexible. The head has projecting mouthparts with chewing mandibles. The compound eyes are kidney-shaped, there are no ocelli, and the thread-like antennae are long, with up to 32 segments. The antennae are flexible, so they do not become entangled in the silk, and the wings have a crosswise crease, allowing them to fold forwards and enable the male to dart backwards without the wings snagging the fabric.

The first segment of the thorax is small and narrow, while the second and third are larger and broader, especially in the males, where they include the flight muscles. All the females and nymphs are wingless, whereas adult males can be either winged or wingless depending on species. The wings, where present, occur as two pairs that are similar in size and shape: long and narrow, with relatively simple venation. These wings operate using basic hydraulics; pre-flight, chambers (sinus veins) within the wings inflate with hemolymph (blood), making them rigid enough for use. On landing, these chambers deflate and the wings become flexible, folding back against the body. Wings can also fold forwards over the body, and this, along with the flexibility allows easy movement through the narrow silk galleries, either forwards or backwards, without resulting in damage.

In both males and females the legs are short and sturdy, with an enlarged basal tarsomere on the front pair, containing the silk-producing glands; the mid and hind legs also have three tarsal segments with the hind femur enlarged to house the strong tibial depressor muscles that enable rapid reverse movement. It is these silk glands on the front tarsi that distinguish the embiopterans; other noteworthy characteristics of this group include three-jointed tarsi, simple wing venation with few cross veins, prognathous (head with forward-facing mouthparts), and absence of ocelli (simple eyes).

The abdomen has ten segments, with a pair of cerci on the final segment. These cerci, made up of two segments and asymmetric in length especially in the males are highly sensitive to touch, and allow the animal to navigate while moving backwards through the gallery tunnels, which are too narrow to allow the insect to turn round. Because morphology is so similar between taxa, species identification is extremely difficult. For this reason, the main form of taxonomic identification used in the past has been close observation of distinctive copulatory structures of males, (although this method is now thought by some entomologists and taxonomists as giving insufficient classification detail). Although males never eat during their adult stage, they do have mouthparts similar to those of the females. These mouthparts are used to hold onto the female during copulation.

Life cycle
The eggs hatch into nymphs that resemble small, wingless adults. After a short period of parental care, the nymphs undergo hemimetabolosis (incomplete metamorphosis), moulting a total of four times before reaching adult form. Adult males never eat, and leave the home colony almost immediately to find a female and mate. Those males that cannot fly often mate with females in nearby colonies, meaning their chosen mates are often siblings or close relatives. In some species, the female eats the male after mating, but in any event, the male does not survive for long. A few species are parthenogenetic, meaning they can produce viable offspring without fertilisation of the eggs. This phenomenon occurs when a female is, for whatever reason, unable to find a male to mate with, thus giving her and her species reproductive security at all times. After moulting and mating, the female lays a single batch of eggs either within the existing gallery, or wanders away to start a new colony elsewhere. Because the females are flightless, their potential for dispersal is limited to the distance a female can walk.

Behaviour
Most, if not all, embiopteran species are gregarious but subsocial. Typically, adult females show maternal care of their eggs and young, and often live in large colonies with other adult females, creating and sharing the webbing cover that helps to protect them against predators. The advantages of living in these colonies outweigh the disadvantage that results from the increased parasite load that this lifestyle entails. Although some species breed once a year, or even once in two years, others breed more frequently, with Aposthonia ceylonica producing four or five batches of eggs in a twelve-month period.

Maternal care starts with the placement of the eggs. Some species attach batches of eggs to the web structure with silk; others form the eggs into rows in grooves excavated in the bark; others fix them in rows with a cement formed from saliva, while many species bury them in a mass of silk, even incorporating other materials into the covering. The majority of embiopterans guard their eggs, some actually standing over them, the main exception being species such as Saussurembia calypso that scatter their eggs widely. The main threat to the eggs is from egg parasitoids, which can attack whole batches of undefended eggs. At this time the adult females become very territorial and aggressive to other individuals with whom they previously lived in harmony; three different types of vibratory signals are used to deter other embiopterans that approach the eggs too closely, and the intruder usually retires.

After the eggs have hatched, the mothers resume their gregarious behaviour. In some species, they continue caring for their young for several days after hatching, and in a few, this parental care even involves the female feeding the nymphs with portions of chewed-up leaf litter and other foods. The parthenogenetic Rhagadochir virgo incorporates scraps of lichen into the silk wrapping the eggs, and this may be eaten by newly hatched nymphs. Perhaps because individuals of this species are so closely related, the adults spin silk together and move around in coordinated groups. Even in species that provide no further parental care, the nymphs in the colony benefit from the greater silk-producing power of the adults and the extra protection that the more copious silk covering brings.

Subsociality is a trade-off for the female, as the energy and time that is exerted in caring for her young is rewarded by giving them a much greater chance of surviving and carrying on her genetic lineage. Some species do share galleries with more than one adult, however, most groups consist of one adult female and her offspring.

When webspinners clean their antennae, they may differ in their behavior from other insects which typically make use of the forelegs to either clean or bring the antennae toward the mouthparts for manipulation. Webspinners (as observed in the genus Oligembia) instead fold the antennae under the body and clean the antennae as they are held between the mouthparts and the substrate.

When constructing their silken galleries, webspinners use characteristic cyclic movements of their forelegs, alternating actions with the left and right legs while also moving. There are variations in the choreography of these movements across species.

Silk web production
Embiopterans produce a silk thread similar to that produced by the silkworm, Bombyx mori. The silk is produced in spherical secretory glands in the swollen tarsi (lower leg segments) of the forelimbs, and can be produced by both adults and larvae. Unlike Bombyx mori and other silk-producing (and spinning) members of both Lepidoptera and Hymenoptera, which only have one pair of silk glands per individual, some species of embiid are estimated to have up to 300 silk glands: 150 in each forelimb. These glands are linked to a bristle-like cuticular process known as a silk ejector, and their exceedingly high numbers allow individuals to spin large amounts of silk very quickly, creating extensive galleries. The silk web is produced throughout all stages of the embiopteran lifespan, and requires modest energy output.

Webspinner silk is among the thinnest of all animal silks, being in most species about 90 to 100 nanometres in diameter. The finest of any insect are those of the webspinner Aposthonia gurneyi, averaging about 65 nanometres in diameter. Each thread consists of a protein core folded into pleated beta-sheets, with a water-repellent coating rich in waxy alkanes.

Galleries

The galleries produced by embiopterans are tunnels and chambers woven from the silk they produce. These woven constructions can be found on substrates such as rocks and the bark of trees, or in leaf litter. Some species camouflage their galleries by decorating the outer layers with bits of leaf litter or other materials to match their surroundings. The galleries are essential to their life cycle, maintaining moisture in their environment, and also offering protection from predators and the elements while foraging, breeding and simply existing. Embiopterans only leave the gallery complex in search of a mate, or when females explore the immediate area in search of a new food source.

Webspinners continually extend their galleries to reach new food sources, and expand their existing galleries as they grow in size. The insects spin silk by moving their forelegs back and forth over the substrate, and rotating their bodies to create a cylindrical, silk-lined tunnel. Older galleries have multiple laminate layers of silk. Each gallery complex contains several individuals, often descended from a single female, and forms a maze-like structure, extending from a secure retreat into whatever vegetable food matter is available nearby. The size and complexity of the colony vary between species, and they can be very extensive in those species that live in hot and humid climates.

Diet
The embiopteran diet varies between species, with available food sources changing with varying habitat. The nymphs and adult females feed on plant litter, bark, moss, algae and lichen. They are generalist herbivores; during his research, Ross maintained a number of species in the laboratory on a diet of lettuce and dry oak leaves. Adult males do not eat at all, dying soon after mating.

Parasites and predators
The Sclerogibbidae are a small family of aculeate wasps that are specialist parasites of embiopterans. The wasp lays an egg on the abdomen of a nymph. The wasp larva emerges and attaches itself to the host's body, consuming the host's tissues as it grows. It eventually forms a cocoon and drops off the carcass. A Neotropical tachinid fly, Perumyia embiaphaga, and a braconid wasp species in the genus Sericobracon, are known to be parasitoids of adult embioptera. A few scelionid wasps in the tribe Embidobiini are egg parasitoids of the Embioptera. A protozoan parasite in Italy effectively sterilises males, forcing the remaining female population to become parthenogenetic. These parasites and agents of disease may put evolutionary pressure on embiopterans to live more socially.

Adult webspinners are vulnerable when they emerge from their galleries, and are preyed on by birds, geckos, ants and spiders. They have been observed being attacked by owlfly larvae. Birds may pull sheets of silk off the galleries to expose their prey, ants may cut holes to gain entry and harvestmen may pierce the silk to feed on the webspinners inside.

Associates
Another group of associates inside the galleries are bugs in the family Plokiophilidae. Whether these are feeding on embiopteran eggs or larvae, on mites and other residents of the gallery, or are scavenging is unclear. The embiopteran Aposthonia ceylonica has been found living inside a colony of the Indian cooperative spider, probably feeding on algae growing on the spider sheetweb, and two webspinner species have been discovered living in the outer covering of termites' nests, where their silk galleries may protect them from attack.

Distribution and habitat
Embiopterans are distributed worldwide, and are found on every continent except Antarctica, with the highest density and diversity of species being in tropical regions. Some common species have been accidentally transported to other parts of the world, while many native species are unobtrusive and yet to be detected. Some species live underground, or concealed under rocks or behind sections of loose bark. Others live out in the open, either swathed in sheets of white or blue silk, or hidden in less-conspicuous silken tubes, on the ground, on the trunks of trees or on the surface of granite rocks.

Largely restricted to warmer locations, webspinners are found as far north as the state of Virginia in the United States (38°N), and as high as 3500 m in Ecuador. They were absent from Britain until 2019, when Aposthonia ceylonica, a southeast Asian species, was found in a glasshouse at the RHS Garden, Wisley.

title: Embioptera


text:
Kurushima Kaikyō Bridge

The Kurushima Kaikyō Bridge (来島海峡大橋), which connects the island of Ōshima to the main part of Shikoku, was the world's longest suspension bridge structure when completed, in 1999. The bridge is part of the Shimanami Kaidō, an expressway that spans a series of islands and connects Hiroshima Prefecture in Honshū to Ehime Prefecture in Shikoku. The bridge and the expressway were both conceived by the Honshū-Shikoku Bridge Project.

Construction
The Kurushima Kaikyō Bridge consists of three successive suspension bridges with six towers and four anchorages. There is a shared anchorage that joins each suspension bridge to the next. Its construction is similar to the western portion of San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge which is two successive suspension bridges with four towers and one shared anchorage. The bridge's total length of 4015 m, is just a little longer than the total length of the two tower Akashi Kaikyō Bridge, which is 3911 m.

 * First Kurushima Kaikyō Bridge (来島海峡第一大橋), main span 600 m, ranks 63rd largest two tower suspension bridge
 * Second Kurushima Kaikyō Bridge (来島海峡第二大橋), main span 1020 m, ranks 26th largest
 * Third Kurushima Kaikyō Bridge (来島海峡第三大橋), main span 1030 m, ranks 25th largest

title: Kurushima Kaikyō Bridge


text:
Gossan

Gossan (eiserner hut or eisenhut) is intensely oxidized, weathered or decomposed rock, usually the upper and exposed part of an ore deposit or mineral vein. In the classic gossan or iron cap all that remains is iron oxides and quartz, often in the form of boxworks (which are quartz-lined cavities retaining the shape of the dissolved ore minerals). In other cases, quartz and iron oxides, limonite, goethite, and jarosite, exist as pseudomorphs, replacing the pyrite and primary ore minerals. Frequently, gossan appears as a red "stain" against the background rock and soil, due to the abundance of oxidized iron; the gossan may be a topographic positive area due to the abundance of erosion-resistant quartz and iron oxides. Although most gossans are red, orange, or yellow, black gossans from manganese oxides such as pyrolusite, manganite, and especially psilomelane form at the oxidized portion of manganese-rich mineral deposits.

In the 19th and 20th centuries, gossans were important guides to buried ore deposits used by prospectors in their quest for metal ores. An experienced prospector could read the clues in the structure of the gossans to determine the type of mineralization likely to be found below the iron cap.

Name
The name gossan appears to come from Cornish miner's slang. The terms "iron cap" and "iron hat", common in America, are direct translations from the German "Eiserner Hut" or "Eisenhut", which term was also used in America.

title: Gossan


text:
MP2

MP2 or MP-2 may refer to:

Aviation

 * The second terminal of Marseille Provence Airport
 * Chyetverikov ARK-3 flying-boat

Firearms

 * German Army designation for the Uzi
 * MP-2 machine pistol

Science

 * MP 2, an abbreviation for a zone during the Paleocene
 * Møller–Plesset perturbation theory of the second order, a method in the field of computational chemistry

File formats

 * MPEG-1 Audio Layer II audio compression format and .mp2 file format
 * MPEG-2 video format

Video games

 * Mario Party 2, a 1999 party game for the Nintendo 64 and the second game for the console
 * Max Payne 2: The Fall of Max Payne, a 2003 shooter game
 * Metroid Prime 2: Echoes, a 2004 action-adventure game

title: MP2


text:
Ariel's Song

"Ariel's song" is a verse passage in Scene ii of Act I of William Shakespeare's The Tempest. It consists of two stanzas to be delivered by the spirit Ariel, in the hearing of Ferdinand. In performance it is sometimes sung and sometimes spoken. There is an extant musical setting of the second stanza by Shakespeare's contemporary Robert Johnson, which may have been used in the original production around 1611.

It is the origin of the phrase "full fathom five", after which there are many cultural references, and is an early written record of the phrase sea change.

Through its use of rhyme, rhythm, assonance, and alliteration, the poem sounds like a spell.

"Full fathom five"
"Full fathom five" is the beginning of the second stanza of "Ariel's song", better known than the first stanza, and often presented alone. It implicitly addresses Ferdinand who, with his father, has just gone through a shipwreck in which the father supposedly drowned.

Selected cultural references

 * Parts or all of it have been set to music by Henry Purcell (alternatively attributed to John Weldon, The Tempest), Igor Stravinsky (Three Songs from William Shakespeare), Arthur Sullivan (The Tempest), Ralph Vaughan Williams (Three Shakespeare Songs), Pete Seeger (Two from Shakespeare), John Zorn, Marianne Faithfull, Laurie Anderson, and Caroline Shaw.
 * On the gravestone of Percy Bysshe Shelley in the Protestant Cemetery in Rome the lines “Nothing of him that doth fade, / But doth suffer a sea-change / Into something rich and strange.” are engraved. His open boat, on which he sailed the day he drowned, was called ‘Ariel’.
 * Rich and Strange, a 1931 film by Alfred Hitchcock
 * In The Waste Land, TS Eliot references "Those are pearls that were his eyes" on multiple occasions.
 * In Cibola Burn, a novel by James S. A. Corey, a character references the line "Of his bones are coral made".
 * Jackson Pollock painting titled “Full Fathom Five” … critic Ellen Johnson said of this piece “[It] is especially rich… Several foreign objects are embedded in its oil and aluminum paint; but the thumb tacks, pennies, cigarettes, paint tube tops, matches, etc., are only discovered with very close scrutiny. Lost in the life of the painting, they ‘suffer a sea-change into something rich and strange.’” From: “Jackson Pollock and Nature,” in Studio International 185:956 (June 1973), 260.

title: Ariel's Song


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Caucasophobia

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP. mikka (t) 16:06, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Caucasophobia

 * del. Neologism. original research. non-English term. mikka (t) 08:12, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Week delete - not notable (54 google hits), but the sites that do report on it make it seem like it is a legitimate deal in Russia. --Jeffrey O. Gustafson 08:21, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * So what? Do we have chinophobia (not the same as cinophobia) or japanophobia or Balkanophobia articles? BTW google says that pnigerophobia exists! mikka (t)
 * It would be Sinophobia not chinophobia.     11:25, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Which is a redirect to racism. mikka (t) 23:47, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep. Very legitimate topic, but a renaming could possibly be in order.--Pharos 09:19, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * It is about "prejudice/racism regarding people from the Caucas". I am not sure what could possibly be more appropriate than "Caucasophobia".     11:28, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep Seems notable and legit -CunningLinguist 09:47, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep As it was said in English language "Caucasophobia" is yet neologism. It is present in Russian language for along time though, and it is form of discrimination which is different from ordinary xenophobia (Check Russian search engines for Кавказофобия please). Being different from ordinary xenophobia the Caucasophobia shell be specified for a same reasons why anti-Semitism or phobia of Poles are considered (rightfully) a separate issue. Besides the term is already widely popular among critics of President Putin's regime, and is widespread in Russian publications(both mass-media and academicals) . Eventually it is used more and more often in English. Even if contains of “caucasophobia” will be deleted now it will become necessary to write something about it again. So what’s a point of removing the term only to put it back within few years if not few month?. Jumber 10:18 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * New but hyperactive account trying to defend boiling POV in the article, e.g., at Requests for page protection. mikka (t) 00:20, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * All what you have said does not change the fact that in English language (we are an English wikipedia, aren;t we?) it is a neologism. When this "eventualy" happen, then welcome the article. And the point is that wikipedia is not crystal ball. We don't know what will happen in even few days, not to say years.mikka (t) 17:21, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The word is existing in English language already including very serious publications. Lets say someone will find it the “Migrantophobia, Caucasophobia and Anti-Semitism” address by Dr.Kohiro Matsuura director general of UNESCO or at the materials of UCSJ or tons of other materials(see Google). Then some person who is studying the issue will turn to wikipedia to find out what caucasophobia actually means.. And will find nothing at all. Unless you will write the article again. It would be easier reediting it though. (Unsigned comment by )
 * Keep, seems to be a legitimate topic. Martg76 10:19, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Definitely exists. See Chechnya.     11:25, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Appears to be a notable topic. Capitalistroadster 12:30, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Notable topic, but original research full of POV. The best example why wikipedia's policy is against original research: valid topic is turned into anti-Russian propaganda. It is especially interesting that the article presents some links as "caucasophobic", when in fact they are sympathetic to caucaus peoples; e.g., stating such fact that vast majority of caucasian market merchants are poor people that work for rich bosses, etc.mikka (t) 19:42, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I disagree. The both articles are extremely hostile for particlar ethnical group, in that case Caucasians who reside in Russia; and both article's blame those people for simply who they are. Both articles show deep disrepect to the culture and social costums of Caucasian people and clearly state the desire to segregate ethnic Caucasians from mainstream Slavic population of Russia, particularly from Moscovites. (Unsigned comment by )
 * Delete non-English term + biased article full of exaggerations (Fisenko 15:00, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC))
 * Delete Never heard of. ConeyCyclone 17:45, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Please type the word in any search engine, preferably the Russian version of it( Кавказофобия ). You will find that word many mainstream sources regarding Caucasian-Slavic relations . Many articles in Russian media or even academic researchers use the word as well. Apparently materials and articles containing the word caucasophobia will keep appearing in wikipedia articles, especially the ones regarding minority rights in Russia and conflict in Chechnya. So if you delete it now, what you going to do, re-write it again when some materials containing the word will appear here, or monitor an delete any mention of this term in future publications and translations from Russian? (Unsigned comment by )

 * Delete - neologism. --Pjacobi 17:47, 2005 Jun 12 (UTC)
 * If neologisms are considered not interesting for wiki users then it should be deleted. Otherwise I do not see any grounds for deleting an article; as a matter of fact I am surprised someone wanted to delete such useful sourse (Unsigned comment by )

 * Keep, exists in Russian language, so not a neologism. Kappa 19:41, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep but cleanup. This is a very legitimate topic, and Neologism explicitly states that "Wikipedia does not accept fan-made neologisms unless they have realistic evidence of existence via search engine hits." Кавказофобия yields about 1,000 hits, which is quite massive for such a specific word. Besides, Caucasophobia is a relatively recent phenomenon, or a relatively recent expression of an older phenomenon. It's hardly possible to describe it without using neologisms. Aecis 19:43, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * It is not a job of a wikipedian to "describe" what he sees in the street. It is a job of a expert to collect the knowledge. A wikipedian may only report the knowledge collected by experts. Otherwise the whole wikipedia will quickly turn into a pile of bullshit. mikka (t) 19:48, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree with you that Wikipedia should not become a load of personal social analyses of well-intending users. But that does not mean that Wikipedia can't describe what is happening out there. That's why we have articles like racism, afrophobia, islamophobia, homophobia and what have you. The worsening (how's that for a euphemism?) relations between the government of the Russian Federation and rebels in Chechnya has led to what can be described as caucasophobia among the people of Russia. I don't know if caucasophobia is the best word available. If there is a better word for it, the article should be moved to that title. But it is real, and imho it is notable enough for Wikipedia. Aecis 20:17, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Aecis why don't you vote then? (Unsigned comment by user:Jumber)
 * I have already voted, thank you very much. Aecis 11:04, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Exactly. The word is already present in the language of experts(check any search engine). So what is the reason to delete it? (Unsigned comment by user:Jumber)
 * Why can't describe: the key word here is verifiability. I have no reason to believe your description, i.e., your interpretation what you see, thank you. In fact, I have no reason to believe anything you write. But here is important difference, watch: I can ask you for reference. What reference suggests the author of the current article? Blogs? Newspaper clips? Photos where someone kicks someone else's ass? No kidding. I suggest everyone who votes "keep" to read about what wikipedia is not, what is primary source, what is secondary source. mikka (t) 21:11, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * "What reference suggests the author of the current article" The following reference''': the articles from mainstream Russian media (Moskowskye novosty, available in any news stand aruond the world; Izvestia, currently biggest Russian newspaper; links to the media files about anti-caucasian violence; link to the official websites of Russian nationalistic political movements who stand for segregation between Russians and Caucasians; also here appeared official statements of UNESCO which I encourage to include in the artickle, see address by Dr.Kohiro Matsuura director general of UNESCO or at the materials of UCSJ please. Most imorptant is that word "caucasophobia" itself is already existing not only in the street laguage but also in the official statements and media files, which makes it not only legitimate but absolutely neccesary to include the term in wikipedia User:Jumber 23:21, 12 Jun 2005
 * Please read Original research, primary source, secondary source articles. So far it is a wikipedian's theory about the alleged usage of the term. mikka (t) 00:27, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Jinkleberries 19:53, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Note: Junkleberries is a new account today and voted 'keep' on 37 articles within a 7-minute period. This user also received a vandalism warning today.  Tobycat 20:59, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep., cleanup. Term is not particularly common in English, but has been used in official documents and speeches and is the only English term for this real phenomenon. Article has POV problems but that's not a deletable offense.   — Gwalla | Talk 22:27, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, neologism. RickK 22:41, Jun 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Verifiable and encyclopedic.  Article needs cleanup. --Tony Sidaway|Talk 22:43, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Solution: to keep the short explanation of Caucasiophobia here, and to create a link to the article about anti-Caucasian discrimination, where we can move this article and also some parts of Chechnya section.And short note about "conspiracy theory". Accusing Western law enforcements and intelligence agencies ploting to conquer the World is a theory. Accusing FSB and it's ancestor, the KGB in the human rights violations isn't a "theory". It's a fact. Only recently FSB was officially blamed for two major criminal acts: the terrorist attack against Chechen poet Yandarbiyev in Qatar and attempted poisoning of the Ukrainian presidential candidate Victor Yuschenko with dioxine(spelling?). Plus here at this board one may fid tons of data about FSB being blamed for blowing up apartment blocks in Moscow in 1999 and 2000.(Just check FSB or Second Chechen War surely enough mikka being a Russian patriot(assumption based on his profile) has another opinion. Well we are here to talk. Musavatist 11:00 pm, 13 June 2005(UTC)
 * What is "verifiable and encyclopedic" in an article full of conspiracy theories (about KGB being behind "Caucasophobia" ), full of omissions and exaggerations (propiska laws apply to everyone in Russia and have little to do with apartheid; marriages between Caucasian males and Russian females are very common in for example Moscow, but the opposite is taboo in Chechnya; there is a huge difference in Russian public sentiment towards Chechens and the rest of people from the Caucasus region etc. etc.) ...? (Fisenko 05:27, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC))
 * The idea represented by the word may be encyclopedic notwithstanding POV problems. We need articles on slurs and kooky ideas, if they are widely known.  These articles need cleanup to become NPOV Xoloz 05:31, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and cleanup. Thought this would be racist trash but ended up learning something new about ethnic relations in Russia. Neutralitytalk 01:57, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Cleaned up version about the issue should be represented in WP, possibly in many articles, or, if in single article, under a different article name. This is neologism and non-English and should be deleted by definiton. Move and cleanup at a different name. Delete this. -Irpen 02:20, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and Cleanup This is a word transliterated from a Russian original that garners 1,000 Google hits (per Aecis), which seems a lot for a Russian slur. The fact that it isn't an everyday word in English is irrelevant.  It is useful to have articles written in English describing non-Anglophone topics.  Otherwise, whole realms of learning might be excluded here because a language barrier is making cross-cultural understanding tricky. Xoloz 02:31, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. The neologism issue is something of an "idol of the marketplace" à la Francis Bacon, a logical confusion based only on the imperfection of language.  Noone is disputing that the topic is generally legitimate, but only that "Caucasophobia" may not be acceptable as an English word, in which case something more long-winded but descriptive should suffice, e.g. Prejudice against Caucasians in Russia.  Mikka and others have also argued that some of the content is incorrect or exxagerated, in which case it should simply be improved, not deleted entirely.--Pharos 07:34, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Is it possible to make an article under the Greek name in the English Wiki? If so, both "Caucasophobia" and Prejudice against Caucasians... could be redirects, the first on the ground that it is a reasonable transliteration. This way, a "new English word" would not be the main article title. Xoloz 08:51, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep I am not the specialist in Russian affairs(I came here through Nick's artistic page); but I see here are two problems: one is with some people who argue that the anti-caucasian discrimination does not exhist,and others argue that the world does not exhist at all. Now the word DOES exhist in English language so English wikipedia should have at least few sentence about what it means. Then users can be redirected at the page about discrimination of Caucasians. Conteins of that last page can be discussed. Erin23
 * One more newcomer... mikka (t) 15:34, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Wow! Somebody was complaining about "conspiracy thesis"..:) (Unsigned comment by user:Knutson)
 * Keep You should not be surprised that "new people" are coming in; the contains of this article and the fact that it is about to be deleted was send around to few human rights groups who check the situation with Caucasians in Russia, and to some pro-Caucasian activists so you may expect some new guests and their opinion...But are we "guests" after creating the account?).About the discussion: I am surprised that someone was bold enough to put it at the deleting list! I mean-the word "caucasophobia" does exist, it does makes sense, it is available in the literature, and is even available in some dictionaries. As matter of fact it has two meanings: one is term to describe prejudice against Caucasian minority in Russia and another is a term used by American right-wing to describe the anti-white racism, which according to them is existing in the American society(would it be imaginary or real). To delete an article about the existing word simply because it hurts someone’s feelings is purely a vandalism! About the article itself: it is absolutely accurate observation if you ask me, but I can understand the hurt feeling who prefer to believe that problem does not exist. Anyway there are lot's of links provided to back the point, and most make sense(too bad many people here do not understand enough Russian).

 * One minor detail Chechen "poet" Yandarbiyev was an international terrorist linked to Taliban and Al-Qaida ... he was official emissary sent by Chechen separatists to Mullah Omar and co. BTW To any sane person it is clear what "FSB being blamed for blowing up apartment blocks in Moscow in 1999 and 2000" is a conspiracy theory exactly of the same nature/credibility as conspiracy theories about CIA being behind September 11 attacks (the "evidence" for this is also abundant on the internet). The level of Russophobia desplayed here is rather disturbing. (Fisenko 05:35, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC))

 * Wrong assumption. Also, please be advised that wikipedia articles are not message boards to express opinions; they are about facts. Shall I start the Russophobia among Caucasian people that came to Moscow, but treat Muscovites as natural resource? Among any two nations that live by there are categories of people that hate each others. Former Soviet Union bragged it had over 100 nationalities. Shall we have 100x100=10,000 articles (and yes, multiplied by 2, for both direction of hate!) about how belarussians hated ukrainians, ukrainians hated belarussians, chukchi hated evenks, kyrghyz hated uzbeks, .....? Or shall we write a proletarian internationalistic one how everybody hated russians? And tell me: do Lithuanians like Georgians? Haven't been in Vilnius for 35 years, but last time I was there, a market guy with black hair and moushache and "aerodrome" cap got his ass badly kicked for cheating. mikka (t) 23:44, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)

''If the term "Russo phobia" exists in documents and publications you should of course write an article about it instead of asking deleting this one. I also suggest to check Deletion policy from where you may find out that if you have a dispute against articles content, which happens in both cases where you claimed VfD,here and in Nick Gabrichidze article, then you should not immediately ask for VfD but ask for Requests for comment. If you have problem with verifiability please check Verifiability instead of marking everything you dislike for deleting. Please reconsider your policy. If wikipedia users will start marking every article they dislike for deletion, then soon every hot topic will be marked with deletion marks and counter deletion marks. Do we need such chaos?Authors, 2.00 am Amsterdam time, 14 July 2005''

 * Keep. --Irishpunktom\talk 23:51, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)

Important note: The content is changed according to the useful information(from your posts) and your suggestions The text now begins with: In North America where Caucasian refers to light complexioned people indigenous to, or descended from Europe, word caucasophobia is used mostly by American White supremacists, White separatists and afrophobes to describe the "anti-white racism", which according to them, is existing in the American society.

In common usage in the Europe, Asia and former USSR countries "Caucasian" is a collective term which refers to anyone descended from native ethnicities of Caucasus. Confusingly, in direct opposition to the most common colloquial English-language meaning of the word (so called "white-skinned" person in English meaning), the Russian language embeds certain stereotypes of Caucasian people. Typically, they are considered "dark", with nearly identically similar negative connotations to the Anglo-Saxon prejudice of "darkness" (http://www.tjetjenien.dk/baggrund/racism2.html). Some people from the Caucaus refute these prejudices; others ignore them.

end of quote Authors, 9:49 pm,Amsterdam, 14/07/2005

 * Rename "Racism in Russia" would be better name for topic and more in line with many other Russia topic articles named "Economics in Russia", etc. A broader article could usefully compare with attitudes towards Central Asians, Chinese, Blacks, etc. in Russia. Note Кавказ means Caucasus (noun), so Кавказофобия should translate to Caucasusphobia. The translation as Caucasophobia unnecessarily conflates it with American racial issues, and is likely to attract additions on this unrelated topic.--JWB 20:44, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep. Bill 09:32, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Fascism is vilified in Russia after the sacrifices the nation endured to defeat Nazi Germany. But a racist skinhead culture is on the rise - and it is becoming increasingly vicious Ell 19 : 46 pm, 19 June (UTC)
 * Keep. Possibly rename to Racism in Russia if that helps. Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn touches on the hatred of people from the Caucasus in his book Cancer Ward. (Actually, its kind of what the book is about: cancer followed by death are the great equalizers of social status, highlighting the absurdity of racism.) linas 05:27, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Violence and hatred in Russia's new skinhead (caucasophob) playground
 * Delete neologism and original research. 172 12:14, 20 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep the page, but also keep the TotallyDisputed tag. freestylefrappe 00:37, Jun 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong rename to Racism in Russia, per Linas. Valid topic, but neologistic title. Radiant_ >|< 14:31, Jun 21, 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep, possibly with rename/move, but considering this is an important thing in Russia, the very marginal American use of this word should not stand at the beginning but at the very end. Uppland 12:08, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
The Tale of the Giant Rat of Sumatra

The Tale of the Giant Rat of Sumatra is the seventh comedy album produced by the Firesign Theatre and released in January 1974 by Columbia Records. It is a send-up of a Sherlock Holmes adventure, "The Giant Rat of Sumatra", which was not written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle but was referenced in his Holmes tale, "The Adventure of the Sussex Vampire", written in 1924.

Side one - London

 * 1) "Chapter 1 - Not Quite The Solution He Expected"
 * 2) "Chapter 2 - An Outrageously Disgusting Disguise"
 * 3) "Chapter 3 - Where There's Smoke, There's Work"

Side two - Chicago

 * 1) "Chapter 4 - Where Did Jonas Go When The Lights Went Out?"
 * 2) "Chapter 5 - Pickles Down The Rat Hole!"
 * 3) "Chapter 6 - The Electrician Exposes Himself!"

Title and narrative premise
Holmes fans and writers of Sherlockiana have speculated on the nature of the giant rat story for decades. The Firesign Theatre version seems to begin with Watson about to write the tale anyway since the pair are desperate for money, but he never quite gets around to telling it.

Philip Proctor plays detective Hemlock Stones (Sherlock Holmes) and David Ossman plays Dr. Flotsam (Dr. Watson), his "patient doctor and biographer". The lighthearted tale is full of puns, including a running gag in which Flotsam, eager to chronicle the adventure, tries to write down everything Stones says but mishears it all as something similar-sounding; for example, "rattan-festooned" is written down as "rat-infested." Allusions also are made to Sherlock Holmes's use of cocaine ("Stones, you snowball!"), his violin playing, and other familiar story elements.

Commentary
Following a string of solo projects and anthologies, this was the group's first album to consist entirely of a single cohesive narrative since I Think We're All Bozos on This Bus.

An earlier version of these sketches, released as the bootleg By the Light of the Silvery, is closer to the spirit of the group's nightclub performances, and is strikingly reminiscent of The Goon Show, which was one of the group's main inspirations. It bears almost no resemblance to the version that was finally committed to vinyl.

This album was followed by Everything You Know Is Wrong and In the Next World, You're on Your Own before the group finally ended its association with Columbia Records.

Release history
This album was originally released simultaneously on LP and 8 Track.

 * LP - Columbia KC-32730
 * 8 Track - Columbia CA-32730

It has been re-released on CD at least once

 * 2001 - Laugh.com LGH1076

Reviews
Members of the group themselves have taken varied attitudes towards this album. In the liner notes to Shoes for Industry: The Best of the Firesign Theatre, David Ossman was cheerful when discussing it and said that "I always thought it was the closest thing to the relentlessly pun-filled one-acts we did in clubs." Phil Austin, on the other hand, said, "The Sherlock Holmes album didn't do anybody any good . . . the general public was by that point beginning to tire of psychedelia anyway, and we were unfortunately always going to be associated with that."

The review in 1983's The New Rolling Stone Record Guide calls this album "A halfassed comeback containing only one good joke."

The Firesign Theatre commentary website benway.com calls it "the least understood Firesign album" and notes that "careful listening reveals Firesign in all their glory: poetic ("blackening peasant's houses", "me and the doc on the dock with the dog -- the deadly dog"), silly ("I sat on my pipe!"), strange (the hole in Lake Acme), and filled with meaning and non-meaning alike. It is well worth repeated listenings—it rivals "Bozos" and "Dwarf" in number of listenings—and pays dividends of laughter and insight."

title: The Tale of the Giant Rat of Sumatra


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/JonathanWilliamWood

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. Golbez 06:13, Jun 18, 2005 (UTC)

JonathanWilliamWood
Vanity, malformed title.--Jyril 08:15, Jun 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per nominator. --Jeffrey O. Gustafson 08:21, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not anyone with a role in a stage production (lead or otherwise) is encyclopedia worthy. No relevant Google hits (see here) makes me think this person isn't famous in the stage world. Mgm|(talk) 12:56, Jun 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Not noteable. ConeyCyclone 17:46, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep Jinkleberries 19:53, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Note: Junkleberries is a new account today and voted 'keep' on 37 articles within a 7-minute period. This user also received a vandalism warning today.  Tobycat 21:01, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity. JamesBurns 04:15, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity. Sjakkalle (Check!)  06:58, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Upsilon Alpha Beta

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete --cesarb 22:32, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Upsilon Alpha Beta
Non-notable frat with 46 google hits, less than 10 of those having anything to do with Upsilon Alpha Beta specifically. Jeffrey O. Gustafson 08:15, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Non-notable says it all! Sonic Mew 11:30, Jun 12, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete if not expanded: We have other frats, so, since the camel's nose is in the tent, we have to let it in, I'm afraid.  If they have more than one chapter, then they can stay, but they have to be expanded.  N.b. specific chapters are likely to be added as stand-alone articles, and they should just be redirects to this one (if it's expanded). Geogre 15:27, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, expand if it can be demonstrated that this is an active organization with chapters at more than a handful of different colleges/universities. Such organizations are typically notable. -- BD2412 talk 16:46, 2005 Jun 12 (UTC)
 * Delete Not noteable. ConeyCyclone 17:46, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Account created 17:05, 12 Jun 2005 and mostly used to vote on VfD's. Kaibabsquirrel 21:19, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete notability not established. JamesBurns 04:15, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment - I left a comment on their "official" webpage. If they can't be bothered to fix up their orgs own page, I won't be bothered with the outcome. -- BD2412 talk 02:45, 2005 Jun 15 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .