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Talk:Peeves

appearances in sixth and seventh books
did peeves make an appearance in the sixth book?, and if so, will he make a appearance in the seventh book?

He made an appearance in both. --84.250.14.143 15:45, 24 July 2007 (UTC)

peeves in films
What I don't get is why WB cut peeves from the films, he is such a good charactorUptonogood 12:38, 4 March 2007 (UTC)

Peeves was cut because of timing, in films every second costs money (For example, you hardly ever hear someone say "Goodbye" on the telephone in a film because of this). films normally have too edit much material that is not vital enough to the plot because if they didn't the film would cost millions more and you could be in the cinema for over 6 hours-GeorgeFormby1

when?
This was immediately followed by his finest hour; his destructive tendencies shifted into overdrive and he went on a rampage, with acts ranging from juggling burning torches over the heads of students, to dumping a bag of tarantulas into the Great Hall during breakfast, and even flooding the entire second floor of Hogwarts by pulling out all the taps in the bathrooms. It appears that Peeves was actually on friendly terms with the strict Professor McGonagall during this time, due to their common enemy; when the poltergeist was attempting to loosen a chandelier from the ceiling, the Head of Gryffindor House was seen to mutter to him in passing, "It unscrews the other way."

ok so im not sure about all this tell me when all this happened in the order of the phoenix book or was it mentioned in book 6 if it happened book 5 tell me which chapter

Categories: Fictional ghosts
If no one objects, I'm going to remove Peeves from Categories:Fictional ghosts. As he is a poltergeist and not a ghost, he doesn't belong there. Faithlessthewonderboy 23:50, 17 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm going through with this edit. Faithlessthewonderboy 09:19, 19 July 2007 (UTC)

Loyalty of Peeves
Since he fought alongside the Order et al against the Death Eaters in DH, I think "Hogwarts" should be listed in his infobox under loyalty. I'm not necessarily suggesting replacing "Chaos" just adding to it. Anyone agree or disagree?

 * Sure, be bold. Allegiance to Hogwarts, obviously! :) Peacent 05:11, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Cool. :] Faithlessthewonderboy 22:55, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

Picture
Is it really public domain, as the tag says? 86.132.142.26 01:http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:Peeves&action=edit&section=6 Editing Talk:Peeves (section) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia59, 1 August 2007 (UTC)

 * No, it's copyrighted but JKR has irrevocably released all rights to it, so it's fine to use. For all intents and purposes it is in the public domain, though technically it is copyrighted. This is according to answers.com: http://www.answers.com/topic/peeves-jpg Faithlessthewonderboy 04:35, 1 August 2007 (UTC)

Fictional Anarchist?
Being completely unfamiliar with the Harry Potter series, I have never heard of the character, Peeves, until the character was added to the "Fictional Anarchist" category. I have tried to find a source for this online, but have failed, so I ask that other editors assist me in determining such a source. Inclusion in the category requires an explicit source citation. Either the source material or the author must very specifically refer to Peeves as an "anarchist". This is due to the fact that there is some confusion in popular culture as to what an anarchist is, and thus we must exclude any characters which the public at large might simply label as "anarchic." Being an embodiment of chaos does not make one an anarchist. Either an explicit source citation must be provided to back this classification, or the character will be removed from the list.--Cast 22:55, 17 August 2007 (UTC)
 * No explicit mention exists. I was slightly shocked when I saw this, but thought it plausible enough that I didn't bother removing it. Also, I felt that there's a fair chance an edit war would ensue, and I don't care enough to get involved in all that. But really, it doesn't belong. Faithlessthewonderboy 07:00, 19 August 2007 (UTC)
 * The "explicit citation" rule was created just to avoid edit wars for these kinds of situations. Toss aside editor POV, and all you're left with is a silly character who plays pranks.  Not an anarchist.  I'll remove him from the category.  I suppose there will never be a citation now that the final book is out, so the character will never be accidentally placed in the category again.--Cast 08:38, 19 August 2007 (UTC)

Book 7
He also sings after the war: "We did it, we bashed them, wee Potter's the One! And Voldy's gone mouldy, so now let's have fun!" —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.1.190.124 (talk) 20:51, 3 September 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Peeves


text:
User talk:AyAn4m1

Free Yourself edit
There are many problems with this recent edit you made,. First off you added back incorrect, unsourced sales information and RIAA certification with a misleading edit of "Spelling." Nothing in the edit was spelling. Also you mark the edit as being minor, when a reversion can never be WP:MINOR. Lastly you left a warning on User talk:24.181.79.204 for adding the same exact information that you yourself made. Because of this I am going to remove the warning, especially because it was a good faith edit and was in no way vandalism. Aspects (talk) 14:41, 16 December 2010 (UTC)

 * This seems to have been an accidental undo. I don't really understand what happened, but looking at the edit I clearly made a mistake. I apologize for the mistake but I feel like you are assuming some kind of bad faith on my part, and it certainly was not intended. AyAn4m1 (talk) 18:48, 15 January 2011 (UTC)

 * If it had simply been that edit, I probably would not have even left a note about minor edits and the misleading edit summary. My main problem was the issuing of a vandalism warning for something that was clearly not vandalism and the exact same edit you had made, which would have meant you were a vandal and/or a hypocrite.  Calling someone a vandal is a big deal on Wikipedia and should not be taken lightly. Aspects (talk) 15:39, 16 January 2011 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:AyAn4m1


text:
User:Jlhamilt

IN BEFORE LOCK

title: User:Jlhamilt


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Aaron Hido

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was speedy deleted. – ugen64 01:38, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Aaron Hido
Another article about another non-notable person by an anon editor who's been making a lot of non-notable vanity pages in the last few days. "Aaron Hido" gets only 4 Google results. Delete. --Idont Havaname 21:06, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy patent vanity --Xcali 21:08, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I have speedied this article as per Article criterion #1 (Very short articles with little or no context). Unfortunately, vanity is not an appropriate criterion for speedy. Denni ☯ 01:45, 2005 Jun 4 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


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Municipalities of the canton of Geneva

The following are the 45 municipalities of the canton of Geneva, as of 2017.

List

 * Aire-la-Ville
 * Anières
 * Avully
 * Avusy
 * Bardonnex
 * Bellevue
 * Bernex
 * Carouge
 * Cartigny
 * Céligny
 * Chancy
 * Chêne-Bougeries
 * Chêne-Bourg
 * Choulex
 * Collex-Bossy
 * Collonge-Bellerive
 * Cologny
 * Confignon
 * Corsier
 * Dardagny
 * Geneva
 * Genthod
 * Le Grand-Saconnex
 * Gy
 * Hermance
 * Jussy
 * Laconnex
 * Lancy
 * Meinier
 * Meyrin
 * Onex
 * Perly-Certoux
 * Plan-les-Ouates
 * Pregny-Chambésy
 * Presinge
 * Puplinge
 * Russin
 * Satigny
 * Soral
 * Thônex
 * Troinex
 * Vandoeuvres
 * Vernier
 * Versoix
 * Veyrier

title: Municipalities of the canton of Geneva


text:
User talk:Jlhamilt

Hello and welcome to Wikipedia! Hope you like it here, and stick around.

Here are some tips to help you get started:

 * To sign your posts (on talk pages, for example) use the '~' symbol. To insert just your name, type ~~~ (3 tildes), or, to insert your name and timestamp, use ~~~~ (4 tildes).
 * Try the Tutorial, and feel free to experiment in the test area.
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Good luck!

Meelar (talk) 21:06, Jun 2, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jlhamilt


text:
M247 Sergeant York

The M247 Sergeant York DIVAD (Division Air Defense) was a self-propelled anti-aircraft gun (SPAAG), developed by Ford Aerospace in the late 1970s. Based on the M48 Patton tank, it replaced the Patton's turret with a new one that featured twin radar-directed Bofors 40 mm rapid-fire guns. The vehicle was named after Sergeant Alvin York, a famous World War I hero.

The Sergeant York was intended to fight alongside the M1 Abrams and M2 Bradley in the U.S. Army, in a role similar to the Soviet ZSU-23-4 and German Flakpanzer Gepard. It would replace the M163 Vulcan Air Defense System SPAAG and MIM-72 Chaparral missile, ad hoc systems of limited performance that had been introduced when the more advanced MIM-46 Mauler missile failed to mature.

Despite the use of many off the shelf technologies that were intended to allow rapid and low-cost development, a series of technical problems and massive cost overruns resulted in the cancelation of the project in 1985.

Prior efforts
The first effective SPAAG in U.S. Army service was the all-manual M19 Multiple Gun Motor Carriage, which consisted of twin 40 mm L60 Bofors guns based on the same chassis as used for the M24 Chaffee. When the M24 and vehicles on the same chassis were retired, the turrets were taken from the M19s, modified and mounted onto the M41 Walker Bulldog light tank chassis to produce the M42 Duster. While capable for the era it was designed in, by the time it reached widespread service in the late 1950s it was clear that it was ineffective against high-speed jet-powered targets. The Duster was completely removed from service by 1963, only to be re-introduced briefly during the Vietnam War when its replacement never arrived.

The first proposed replacement for the Duster was the Sperry Vigilante, which referred to the six-barreled 37 mm Gatling gun proposed as the basis for a new SPAAG. Although the gun was extremely powerful, at some point in the late 1950s the Army decided that all gun-based systems were out of date.

The next proposed replacement for the Duster was the ambitious MIM-46 Mauler missile system. Mauler mounted a nine-missile magazine on top of an adapted M113 Armored Personnel Carrier chassis, along with detection and tracking radars. Mauler featured a completely automatic fire control system, with the operators simply selecting targets and pressing "OK". It would be able to respond to low-flying high-speed targets at any angle out to a range of about five miles. However, Mauler proved to be beyond the state-of-the-art and ran into intractable problems during development. Realizing it was not going to enter service any time soon, it was downgraded to a technology demonstration program in 1963, and eventually canceled outright in 1965.

Still lacking an effective anti-aircraft system, the Army started development of two stop-gap systems that were meant to operate in concert as the "Chaparral-Vulcan Air Defense System". The M163 VADS combined the M61 Vulcan cannon, the M113 chassis, and an all-optical fire control system with a simple lead-computing gunsight. Suitable for "snap shots" against nearby targets, the VADS system was equipped only with a small ranging radar for the gunsight, its firing range being too small to justify a larger tracking radar.

VADS was intended to operate in concert with the MIM-72 Chaparral missile system, which combined the AIM-9 Sidewinder missile with a more heavily modified version of the M113 chassis. The Chaparral's AIM-9D missiles were capable of tail-chase launches only, but offered ranges up to 5 mi. Also using an all-optical firing system, the Chaparral nevertheless required the operator to "settle" the missiles on the target for a period of time to allow them to lock on, limiting its ability to deal with quickly moving targets. Both vehicles were optionally supported by the AN/MPQ-49 Forward Area Alerting Radar (FAAR), but this system was towed by the Gama Goat and could not be used near the front lines. The pair of weapons was, at best, a nuisance to the enemy and had limited performance against modern aircraft.

At one point the Army started to become concerned about developments in sensor technologies that would allow attacks by fixed-wing aircraft at night or in bad weather. They developed a requirement for a weapon system able to operate using FLIR and a laser rangefinder in order to counter these threats. However, the rest of the military establishment disapproved of the idea; even the US Air Force was able to carry out only limited operations in bad weather, and the Soviets had a considerably less capable force in this regard. The idea gained little traction and died.

Pop-up problems
During the late 1960s the combination of the helicopter and anti-tank missiles improved to the point where they became a major threat to armoured operations. The U.S. led the field with their TOW missile on the UH-1 Iroquois, demonstrating this powerful combination in combat in the Vietnam War's 1972 Easter Offensive. The Soviets initially lagged behind the U.S., but the introduction of the 9K114 Shturm missile on the Mil Mi-24 (called the "Hind" by NATO) in the 1970s offered the USSR a level of parity.

Unlike fixed-wing aircraft, attack helicopters had the ability to loiter near the front behind cover and pick their targets. They would then "pop up", launch a missile, and return to cover as soon as the missile hit its target. Using fast-reacting wire-guided or radio-command missiles meant the total engagement time was kept to a minimum, as there was little or no "lock-on" time required; the operator simply fired as soon as they were clear of the terrain, and then adjusted the missile's flight path onto the target while it flew. Against these aircraft, the Vulcan/Chaparral combination was effectively useless.

The Vulcan could react quickly enough to the fleeting targets, but its 20 mm gun had an effective range of only about 1200 m, far shorter than the 3000 to 5000 m range of the 9K114. While the Chaparral had enough range to engage the "Hind", its lengthy lock-on period meant the Hind would have hit its target and hidden behind terrain again before the Sidewinder would reach it. Additionally, the older Sidewinder missiles used on the Chaparral homed in on exhaust, and had limited capability against helicopters faced head-on.

The limited effectiveness of the Vulcan/Chaparral was not the only problem the US Army was facing in the late 1970s. At the time they were also in the process of introducing the new M1 Abrams and M2 Bradley vehicles, which had dramatically improved cross-country performance. The M113-based Vulcan and Chaparral could not keep up with them on the advance, which would leave the new vehicles open to attack in a fast moving front.

Finally, the Soviets were widely introducing the ZSU-23-4 "Shilka" SPAAG, which was cause for some concern after it appeared in the Middle East. Israeli pilots attempting to avoid fire from Syrian SA-6 batteries would fly low, directly into the Shilka's envelope. Several aircraft were lost or damaged. The Shilka proved that a modern SPAAG was effective against modern aircraft.

DIVAD
For all of these reasons, the Army developed the "Advanced Radar-directed Gun Air Defense System" (ARGADS) requirement for a new weapon system combining the reaction speed of the Vulcan with the range of the Chaparral, and placing them on a chassis that could keep up with the new tanks in combat. They also worked in the earlier FLIR/laser requirement. The system was later renamed "Division Air Defense" (DIVAD).

At the time, most U.S. military policy was based on the US Air Force quickly gaining air superiority and holding it throughout a conflict. In keeping with this, the Army had previously placed relatively low priority on anti-aircraft weapons. This gave them time to mature through testing and shakedowns. In the case of DIVADs the threat was considered so serious and rapidly developing that the Army decided to skip the traditional development period and try to go straight into production by using a number of "off-the-shelf" parts.

Colonel Russell Parker testified before the Senate Armed Services Committee in March 1977 that "We expect this somewhat unorthodox approach to permit a much reduced development time, thus resulting in an earliest fielding date, albeit with higher but acceptable risks... the manufacturer will be required by the fixed price warranty provisions, to correct deficiencies." It was claimed that this would cut up to five years from the development cycle, although it would require problems to be found in service and fixed on the operational vehicles.

Colonel Parker unveiled the DIVAD plan to 49 industry representatives on 18 May 1977. The DIVAD's requirement demanded that the entrants be based on the M48 Patton tank chassis, provided by the Army, which were held in large quantities in surplus depots. DIVAD called for the gun to acquire a target and start firing within five seconds (later extended to eight) of it becoming visible or coming into its 3,000 m range, and had to have a 50% chance of hitting a target with a 30-round burst. In addition to all-weather capability, it also needed to have optical aiming capabilities, including a FLIR and laser rangefinder.

Entrants

Several companies responded to the DIVADs contest.

Sperry Rand entered a system based on their older Vigilante gun, modified to fire the 35 mm round from the Oerlikon KDA series, widely used in NATO in the anti-aircraft role. The gun could be fired at 3,000 rounds per minute for anti-aircraft use, or 180 rounds per minute for use against ground targets, fed from a 1,464-round magazine. The aluminium turret was topped by two radars and an IFF system, all from Sperry.

General Electric entered a version with a small turret mounting their 30 mm GAU-8 Avenger cannon from the A-10 Thunderbolt II. It included a single search/track radar adapted from the earlier FAAR, although they later suggested an improved system.

Raytheon proposed using the turret from the Dutch version of the German Flakpanzer Gepard. Most of the turret remained the same as the original Gepard, including the twin 35 mm Oerlikon KDA cannons, but used Hollandse Signaalapparaten radars and an Oerlikon Contraves fire-control computer. Raytheon demonstrated that the turret, although designed for the Leopard 1, could be mounted on the M48 with some adaptation.

General Dynamics' entry also mounted twin Oerlikon KDA cannons, but mounted them side by side in a new aluminum turret, as opposed to either side of the turret as in the Gepard. They could be fired in either the automatic or semiautomatic mode, and their combined rate of fire was 1,100 rounds per minute from a 600-round magazine. The radar and fire control systems were derived from their Phalanx CIWS system, with the tracking radar mounted on the front of the turret, beside the guns, and the search radar on top. The turret also included independently stabilized optical sights and a laser range finder for manual engagements.

Ford Aerospace's entry was based around the Bofors 40 mm L/70 cannons, twin-mounted in the center of the turret in a fashion similar to the General Dynamics entry. The relatively large and boxy turret also mounted separate long-range search and short-range tracking radars on top. The radars were mounted on booms to give them a clear view of the sky, and both had the ability to be folded down to reduce the vehicle's height during travel. The tracking radar was a modified version of the Westinghouse AN/APG-66 from the F-16 Fighting Falcon. Like the General Dynamics entry, it also mounted a complete optical sighting and ranging system. The radar was a modified AN/APG-68 with an AN/APG-66 transmitter. Some critics claim that Ford's use of the 40 mm Bofors appears to have been a business decision, not a technical one. While the 35 mm round was already a widely accepted NATO standard and was technically well respected, Ford had a marketing agreement with Bofors. Journalist Gregg Easterbrook later commented on the politicized nature of the contest.

 * Immediately the lobbying began. Ford had a marketing agreement with ... Bofors, a maker of 40-mm but not 35-mm cannons; while Ford could have switched to a 35-mm weapon for DIVAD, the potential profits from a 40-mm weapon were higher. Department of Defense lawyers, the Army pleading to Congress, had advised that specifying the caliber ... would be 'anti-competitive' and could lead to lawsuits—'the most ludicrous excuse I've ever heard' [according to] a high-ranking Pentagon official... When the final DIVAD requirements were issued they called for a gun 'in the 30-mm to 40-mm range'.

However, the Bofors 40 mm L/70 cannon also had worldwide popularity and had become NATO standard back in the mid-1950s. In addition, FACC had developed a proximity-sensing round for the 40 mm, which increased probability of a kill, and the shell carried either a greater explosive charge or higher deadweight mass than the smaller anti-aircraft platforms. These factors would be important in the primary scenario for which the DIVAD was to be deployed, that being the large-theater land operations vs the Warsaw Pact.

Development
On 13 January 1978, General Dynamics and Ford were given development contracts for one prototype each, the XM246 and XM247 respectively, to be delivered to Fort Bliss in June 1980. On schedule, both companies delivered their prototypes to the North McGregor Test Facility and head-to-head testing began. The shoot-off was delayed for two months "because the prototypes which arrived at Fort Bliss test range were too technically immature." In the DT/OT II test series they shot down two F-86 Sabre fighters, five UH-1 Huey helicopters and twenty-one smaller drones.

After the 29-month Phase One trial, Ford's entry was selected as the winner of the DIVADs contest on 7 May 1981, and given a fixed-price $6.97 billion development and initial production contract for deliveries at various rates. The system was officially named M247 Sergeant York when the contract was awarded. The decision was controversial, as the General Dynamics entry had "outscored" the Ford design consistently in testing, nineteen "kills" to nine by most accounts.

Ford's prototype vehicle started demonstrating problems almost immediately. The main concerns had to do with the tracking radar, which demonstrated considerable problems with ground clutter. In testing, it was unable to distinguish between helicopters and trees. When the guns were pointed upward to fire on high-angle targets, the barrels projected into the radar's line of sight and further confused the system. Additionally, the reaction time was far too slow; against hovering helicopters it was 10 to 11 seconds, but against high-speed targets it was from 11 to 19, far too long to take a shot.

The RAM-D (reliability, availability, maintainability and durability) tests ran from November 1981 to February 1982, demonstrating a wide range of operation concerns. The turret proved to have too slow a traverse to track fast moving targets, and had serious problems operating in cold weather, including numerous hydraulic leaks. The simple electronic counter-countermeasures (ECCM) suite could be defeated by only minor jamming. The used guns taken from U.S. Army stock were in twisted condition due to careless warehousing. Perhaps the most surprising problem was that the 30-year-old M48 chassis with the new 20-ton turret meant the vehicle had trouble keeping pace with the newer M1 and M2, the vehicles it was meant to protect.

In February 1982 the prototype was demonstrated for a group of US and British officers at Fort Bliss, along with members of Congress and other VIPs. When the computer was activated, it immediately started aiming the guns at the review stands, causing several minor injuries as members of the group jumped for cover. Technicians worked on the problem, and the system was restarted. This time it started shooting toward the target, but fired into the ground 300 m in front of the tank. In spite of several attempts to get it working properly, the vehicle never successfully engaged the sample targets. A Ford manager claimed that the problems were due to the vehicle being washed for the demonstration and fouling the electronics. In a report on the test, Easterbrook jokingly wondered if it ever rained in central Europe.

In February 1984 the Defense Department sent a "cure-notice" censuring Ford Aerospace for numerous "totally unacceptable" delays in the program. In March 1984 the Army took delivery, six months late, of the first production model for testing. One of the early models was reported to have locked onto a latrine fan, mistaking its return for a moving target of low-priority. Reporting on the incident in another article on the vehicle's woes, Washington Monthly reported that "Michael Duffy, a reporter for the industry publication Defense Week, who broke this aspect of the story, received a conference call in which Ford officials asked him to describe the target as a 'building fan' or 'exhaust fan' instead."

Nevertheless, the program's manager within the Army was cautiously positive. Major General Maloney said, "The DIVAD battery-eight systems plus one spare-activated 1 November 1984, at Fort Bliss to prepare for tests, has been demonstrating 90% reliability for full systems capability. The systems have been able to operate in a degraded manner a further 2% of the time and have had an 8% inoperable rate." He later stated that the "gun still had problems with software and electronic countermeasures, but my sensing was that it was certainly no worse than many weapon systems at this period in their gestation".

Cancelation
In spite of the bad press and development problems, the Army continued to press for the system's deployment as they had no other system in the pipeline to replace it. To add to the problems, another generation of Soviet helicopter and missile designs was pushing their envelope out to 6000 m, rendering DIVADs ineffective at long range. In response, the Army announced it would consider adding the Stinger missile to the DIVAD system, leading to even more cries about its ineffectiveness.

As Washington became increasingly fed up with the DIVAD's problems, Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger ordered a $54 million series of battlefield-condition tests. Congress authorized production money to keep the program alive through a test-fix-test cycle but with a caveat; the funds would be released only if Weinberger certified that the gun "meets or exceeds the performance specifications of its contract." The tests were monitored by the Pentagon's new Director, Operational Test and Evaluation Office (DOT&E), mandated by Congress in 1983 to serve as an independent watchdog. The tests were carried out late in 1984.

The results were abysmal. When the gun proved unable to hit drones moving even in a straight line, the tests were relaxed to hovering targets. The radar proved unable to lock even to this target, as the return was too small. The testers then started adding radar reflectors to the drone to address this "problem", eventually having to add four. Easterbrook, still covering the ongoing debacle, described this as being similar to demonstrating the abilities of a bloodhound by having it find a man standing alone in the middle of an empty parking lot, covered with steaks. The system now tracked the drone, and after firing a lengthy burst of shells the drone was knocked off target. As it flew out of control, the range safety officer had it destroyed by remote control. This was interpreted by the press as an attempt to "fake" the results, describing it as "sophomoric deceits". From that point on, every test success was written off as faked.

The OT&E concluded that the gun could perform the mission as originally specified, but the tests also showed that the system had considerable reliability problems, many as the result of trying to adapt a radar system developed for aircraft to the ground role. Initial production tests run from December 1984 to May 1985 turned up a continued variety of problems, failing 22 of 163 contract requirements, and 22 serious failures in operational readiness. Contrary to the Army's earlier reports, OT&E Director Jack Krings said the tests showed, "the SGT YORK was not operationally effective in adequately protecting friendly forces during simulated combat, even though its inherent capabilities provided improvement over the current [General Electric] Vulcan gun system. The SGT YORK was not operationally suitable because of its low availability during the tests." They measured the availability of the system at 33%, as opposed to the required 90%.

On 27 August 1985, Weinberger killed the project after about 50 vehicles had been produced. He said, "the tests demonstrated that while there are marginal improvements that can be made in the York gun, they are not worth the additional cost-so we will not invest any more funds in the system." Noting that canceling the project did not imply a lack of need, he started the process of studying a missile-based system to fill the same niche. This led to the Oerlikon Canada ADATS system, which suffered problems of its own and entered service only in the Canadian Army. The niche was eventually filled by the M6 Linebacker, an adaptation of the M2 with Stinger missiles. Although far less capable than the ADATS missile, the Linebacker is able to keep up with mobile heavy forces. The Linebacker has been retired from active service, while the M1097 Avenger HMMWV-based Stinger-equipped systems have been downsized.

Most of the production Sergeants York ended up as targets on air force bombing ranges. However, one is on display at the Sgt. Alvin C. York State Historic Park in Pall Mall, TN where its namesake hailed from, one is in the Wahner E. Brooks Historical Exhibit at the U.S. Army Yuma Proving Grounds, AZ, another is located at the AAF Museum in Danville, VA, one at the Fort Snelling Military Museum in Minneapolis, MN (now closed), and one located at the Arkansas National Guard Museum at Camp Robinson, North Little Rock, Arkansas.

Representation
The M247 Sergeant York was referenced in the movie "Pentagon Wars", where it, along with other Army projects, such as the Paveway Laser Guided Bomb, is severely criticised for its lack of success in testing, despite the long and expensive efforts put forth.

References & notes

 * Philip Trewhitt, "Armoured Fighting Vehicles", Prospero Books, 1999 (second edition?). ISBN 1-894102-81-9

title: M247 Sergeant York


text:
Eranos

Eranos is an intellectual discussion group dedicated to humanistic and religious studies, as well as to the natural sciences which has met annually in Moscia (Lago Maggiore), the Collegio Papio and on the Monte Verità in Ascona, Switzerland since 1933.

It has also been the name for a circle of scholars at Heidelberg (Germany) in the early 20th century. Among others, Max Weber and Ernst Troeltsch were members of the "Heidelberg Eranos".

The name is derived from the Ancient Greek word ἔρανος meaning "a banquet to which the guests bring contributions of food, a no-host dinner." The circle at Moscia was founded by Olga Froebe-Kapteyn in 1933, and these conferences have been held annually on the grounds of her estate (on the shores of Lago Maggiore near Ascona in Switzerland) ever since. For over seventy years this event has served as a point of contact for thinkers from disparate fields of knowledge ranging from depth psychology and comparative religion to history, literary criticism and folklore, and provides a setting and a congenial group within which to discuss all things spiritual. Each conference takes place over eight days, during which time all participants eat, sleep and live together, thereby promoting a camaraderie which fosters an atmosphere of free and open discussion. Each year a new theme is addressed, and each participant scholar delivers a two-hour lecture on a topic of his choice relating to the theme — his/her contribution to the ‘banquet’ of ideas — thereby attempting to draw these multifarious thinkers into productive intellectual discourse.

Eranos’ beginnings
Froebe-Kapteyn established this group at the suggestion of the eminent German religious historian, Rudolf Otto. Froebe-Kapteyn was the Dutch foundress of the literary salon "Table Ronde" (Round Table), which is indicative of the Eranos’ ‘spiritualist’ bent. Indeed, Eranos was from its very outset interested in these issues and its first theme, ‘Yoga and Meditation in East and West’, was a truly pioneering subject in the early 1930s. Past themes include Ancient Sun Cults and the Symbolism of Light in the Gnosis and in Early Christianity (1943), Man and Peace (1958), Creation and Organization (1966) and The Truth of Dreams (1995). Participants over the years have included Heinrich Zimmer (Indian religious art), Karl Kerényi (Greek mythology), Mircea Eliade (history of religions), Carl Gustav Jung and Erich Neumann (analytical psychology), Robert Eisler (gospel authorship), Alfons Rosenberg (symbolism), Gilles Quispel (gnostic studies), Gershom Scholem (Jewish mysticism), Henry Corbin (Islamic religion), Gilbert Durand (symbolic anthropology), Adolf Portmann (biology), Herbert Read (art history), Max Knoll (physics), and Joseph Campbell (comparative mythology). The Eranos conferences have resulted in the publication of a number of books. Anyone may attend the lectures upon payment of a small fee.

title: Eranos


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User talk:Devolution

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title: User talk:Devolution


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of countries receiving snowfall

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. – ugen64 01:39, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

List of countries receiving snowfall
Ludicrous list. RickK 21:07, Jun 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * I disagree. Interesting, and potentially comprehensive. Keep. Meelar (talk) 21:11, Jun 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * I second the last voter. Keep You 21:28, Jun 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * keep please it does not make sense to erase it Yuckfoo 21:48, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. It is simply a list of countries under two sections: At sea level and only at elevated regions. I can only fathom interest in this if it was an ordered list like perhaps by average snowfall but this article only anticipates listing countries that get snow. Double Blue  (Talk) 21:50, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep. The page seems interesting, although it is currently flawed and needs rearrangement. Strangely, it lists many countries under "snows at sea level", even though the lowest point in the country is way above sea level. Martg76 22:52, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete I can't see how this is possibly encyclopedic. Why not just put a list of the lowest temperature ever recorded in a country?  --Xcali 23:14, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This is a distinctly weird list; much too specific. We have almanac-like data, sure, but wouldn't more general articles on precipitation levels per country be more appropriate? This yes/no list is too niche-ey. Since this information is readily available, I don't feel too bad in voting to delete this. JRM · Talk 23:55, 2005 Jun 2 (UTC)
 * Delete. Weird. — Phil Welch 00:22, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, impossible to maintain. --bainer (talk) 01:00, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Very weak keep this is interesting and should be verifiable. Although I think 'sea level' may well mean 'typically ground level'. Also I'm a bit worried by the comment 'A subjective list'. --Doc (?) 01:06, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - unencyclopedic list. List of countries by average annual snowfall might be useful, but I'm not sure of that. Also I'm a bit amused by the comment 'A subjective list', and think that it's quite an improvement over the original version ('A perceptive list' - )! -- Jonel
 * Keep but only barely. This is information about climate, and in my opinion this pushes this just over my bar for being encyclopedic. Sjakkalle (Check!) 06:35, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, nonencyclopedic in this form, but I like Jonel's idea if it's verifiable. --Angr/undefined 06:44, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge into snow and delete - Skysmith 08:39, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, unverifiable. A verified List of countries by average annual snowfall might be useful with citations, this is not. Average Earthman 10:54, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, unverifiable and unencyclopedic. Radiant_* 11:24, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep, A very interesting list, and may be very comprehensive if some improvements are added. (User:70.92.183.70)
 * Delete, not just because it's subtrivial, but because the criterion is too loose. What does "receiving snowfall" mean? Every winter? Once in a while? And who verifies whether snowfall has been received or not? Snow has been known to fall in some of the warmest countries on Earth, and I bet it might even have fallen at night in Saudi Arabia when no one was around to see. I'm in Average Earthman's corner on this. Denni ☯ 01:49, 2005 Jun 4 (UTC)
 * Keep. Why not?  Kaibabsquirrel 04:13, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * For all the reasons mentioned above? If you have counterarguments, that would be great. JRM · Talk 12:28, 2005 Jun 4 (UTC)
 * "Why not?", in this case, being roughly the equivalent of a shrug. This is arguably a silly, frivolous VfD.  It's verifiable information, encyclopedic, and may be useful.  Kaibabsquirrel 06:49, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Are you a registered member of the AIW yet? JRM · Talk 16:52, 2005 Jun 9 (UTC)
 * Can't say I'm really a hardcore inclusionist :) I've cast many delete votes, mostly on non-notable fan cruft and hopelessly POV titles.  Guess I'm AIW material on "trivia" lists and the like though :) Kaibabsquirrel 18:34, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with snow.     16:58, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * delete do not merge, meaningless Mozzerati 18:08, 2005 Jun 4 (UTC)
 * delete beyond pointless Sabine's Sunbird 21:50, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete; agree with users Jonel and Denni HollyAm 05:56, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and expand.  Grue   12:46, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with Snow and redirect. T h e St ev e  00:32, Jun 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep as idiotic, but encyclopedic. Karol 06:53, Jun 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and verify for accuracy, so that the "subjective" bit at the bottom can be removed. Some may find it trivial, but it's objective, verifiable, and notable information.  See also WINP.  Blackcats 10:36, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


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User:Devolution

Music
You can find out more about my music projects at: http://www.devolution.co.uk

title: User:Devolution


text: Template:User it-4

title: Template:User it-4


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Gallows Corner

Gallows Corner is a major road junction in Romford in Greater London, England. It was the site of the gallows of the Liberty of Havering, hence the name.

History
During the 18th century, Gallows Corner was a copse-sided part of the road and, approachable by meagre path only from the south or various small lanes in other directions, a favourite spot for waylaying coaches. It was close to the site for the gallows, thought to be north of what is now Eastern Avenue (west), on a grassy stretch below Masefield Crescent. Several entries in the Romford registers of burials of felons confirm many of those executed there in the 16th and 17th centuries. In grounds of Ravensbourne School is where the small jail stood where the condemned were held.

The former name of Straight Road was Gallows Lane.

Junction
The current junction is a large roundabout with five exits and a flyover. The exits are:

 * Westbound: A12 (Eastern Avenue), towards central London.
 * South-westbound: A118 (Main Road), towards Romford.
 * South-eastbound: A127 (Southend Arterial Road), towards Southend-on-Sea.
 * North-eastbound: A12 (Colchester Road), towards East Anglia.
 * Northbound: Straight Road, a minor road towards Harold Hill.

Flyover
The flyover links Eastern Avenue (East) with the Southend Arterial Road. According to the Romford Recorder it was erected in 1970 by Terry and Co; it takes the form of a system of prefabricated units (called the Braithwaite FliWay) that was cheaper and quicker to build than a conventional underpass or cast in-situ flyover. It is notorious for being angular, with sudden changes of slope rather than a smooth arch. The flyover was closed for several months in 2008 for remedial work carried out to the road deck, with several sections replaced. It was found in final inspection that the bridge parapets had suffered severe corrosion. The bridge was fitted with emergency barriers which meant that traffic was restricted to one lane in the London-bound (westbound) direction only. It re-opened to two-way traffic in 2009.

Roundabout
The junction has an above-average number of collisions. Transport for London has put forward proposals to make the junction safer by changing the roundabout layout, adding new white lines and guidance markings, and extending the reduced speed limits on the approaches to the junction. Works were expected to start during spring 2018.

Works did not, however, commence in 2018; the local radio station Time 107.5 reported in July 2021 that TfL was planning to submit a bid to the Department of Transport in Spring 2022 to access £50m of Government funding to address the issues with the junction.

In media
The junction is referred to in the film Layer Cake.

title: Gallows Corner


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Coast Guard Base Kodiak

Coast Guard Base Kodiak is a major shore installation of the United States Coast Guard, located in Kodiak, Alaska. The largest tenant unit on the base is Air Station Kodiak. It is also the home port for several cutters. Historic elements that it includes are the Kodiak Naval Operating Base, Fort Greely, and Fort Abercrombie.

The station is the subject of the series Coast Guard Alaska on The Weather Channel and is prominently featured in the 2006 film The Guardian and is frequently referenced in the Discovery Channel series Deadliest Catch.

History
The base began as the United States Navy's Naval Air Station Kodiak on 15 June 1941. Artillery emplacements survive on Buskin Hill, Artillery Hill, and at Fort Abercrombie (now a state park), but little remains of Fort Greely's barracks.

On 17 April 1947 the Coast Guard Air Station was commissioned as an Air Detachment at the navy base with one PBY Catalina aircraft, seven pilots, and thirty crewmen. On 25 April 1972 the order establishing Coast Guard Base Kodiak and CG RADSTA Kodiak was issued by the Commandant of the CG. CG Air Station Kodiak was already operating with three HC-130H airplanes and two HH-52A helicopters. Today, CG Air Station Kodiak operates five HC-130J aircraft, five MH-60T Jayhawk helicopters, and five MH-65C Dolphin helicopters.

Kodiak Naval Operating Base, Fort Greely, and Fort Abercrombie were together listed on the National Register of Historic Places and also declared to be a National Historic Landmark in 1985 for the role the facilities played in World War II.

2012 shooting
On April 12, 2012, two Coast Guard members were found fatally shot at their work stations in one of the communications buildings on-base. The event caused panic on the island as residents where urged to stay indoors and report suspect activities, as school where put on lockdown. After an investigation conducted by the FBI, Coast Guard Investigative Service, and Alaska State Troopers, the prime suspect (James Michael "Jim" Wells) was arrested.

Homeported cutters

 * USCGC Alex Haley (WMEC-39)
 * USCGC Cypress (WLB-210)

title: Coast Guard Base Kodiak


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Coast Guard Air Station Kodiak

Coast Guard Air Station Kodiak is an Air Station of the United States Coast Guard located in Kodiak, Alaska. It is the largest in the service's Pacific Area, with a crew of 85 officers and 517 enlisted personnel, and the largest Coast Guard Base in terms of physical size at 23,000 acres. It is a tenant command of Base Support Unit Kodiak, and shares its airfield with Kodiak Airport. The station operates MH-60 Jayhawk and MH-65 Dolphin helicopters, and the HC-130 Hercules fixed-wing aircraft.

History
The United States Navy started construction of a naval air station at Kodiak in September 1939, and the station was commissioned on 15 June 1941. Home to PBY patrol squadrons early in World War II, Kodiak supported the Aleutian Islands Campaign of 1943, also operating scouting and air transport squadrons. In October 1950, NAS Kodiak was redesignated as Naval Station Kodiak, and in 1972 the site was turned over to the U.S. Coast Guard.

Coast Guard Air Station Kodiak was originally commissioned as an Air Detachment in April 1947, with seven pilots and 30 enlisted men operating a single PBY Catalina. This was the Coast Guard's first aircraft permanently stationed in Alaska.

Operations
The station's primary mission is aerial search and rescue in a 4,000000 sqmi area of responsibility covering the Gulf of Alaska, Bristol Bay, the Bering Sea, and Alaska's Pacific coast. It is also responsible for patrolling offshore fisheries, deploying HH-65 helicopters aboard High Endurance Cutters operating off Alaska, and providing logistical support to various Coast Guard units in the area. The latter mission includes transporting aids to navigation personnel who maintain remote shore beacons that are only accessible by air.

Popular culture
CGAS Kodiak is one of the main locations of the 2006 action-adventure drama film The Guardian, starring Kevin Costner, Ashton Kutcher, and Melissa Sagemiller. However, the film was shot at Air Station Elizabeth City in North Carolina, with snow being brought in by trucks to resemble an Alaskan landscape. The setting for the film is the United States Coast Guard and their Aviation Survival Technician (AST) program.

title: Coast Guard Air Station Kodiak


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Talk:Smart Game Format

Untitled
is go game assistant a private company's third party software? does it have any reason to be on the SGF file format page? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.189.60.55 (talk • contribs) 21:11, 2 June 2005 (UTC)

Chapter "External links"
The Chapter "External links" has a link to goproblems.com - what is the connection to the sgf format? asks --Ruediger from Luebeck, Germany — Preceding unsigned comment added by 77.6.170.212 (talk) 23:05, 27 September 2020 (UTC)

Other games
I collected some links for the listed games that don't have Wikipedia pages. I'm not sure if it's worth adding to the page, but I'll add it here for future reference.

Links given in this [draft version https://homepages.cwi.nl/~aeb/go/misc/sgf.html] of the SGF standard:
 * Quadrature
 * Tumbling Down
 * Sahara

Other possibilities for the other games:
 * Exxit
 * Kuba
 * Trippples (note the 3 p's)

The only other game is Byte, but there are many games called Byte. -- Walt Pohl (talk) 19:00, 15 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Smart Game Format


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West Ham United F.C. Under-21s and Academy

The Academy of West Ham United F.C. is historically one of the most productive football academies in British football. This success has resulted in its nickname the Academy of Football.

The introduction of the FA's new academy system in 1998 has placed even more emphasis on the development of young homegrown players, and today the youth system at West Ham is more important than it has ever been. With the influx of many foreign players in the Premier League during modern times, West Ham United has been regarded as one of the few remaining clubs in the top flight to continue producing and playing homegrown English players.

The Under-21 team is the most senior of West Ham's youth squads. The Under-21 team is effectively the club's second-string side but is limited to five outfield players and one goalkeeper over the age of 21 per game following the introduction of new regulations from the 2022–23 season. They play in Premier League 2 and also compete in the Papa John's Trophy.

The Academy of Football
 'The Academy of Football' , or just 'The Academy,' is a nickname of West Ham United. The title pays homage to the success of the club in coaching talented young players. The title, originally attributed to the club by the press, has since been officially adopted by the club and is displayed in several prominent places around the stadium such as being printed beside the club crest on the artificial surface surrounding the pitch at Upton Park.

The original tribute intended to reference the entire culture of the club in much the same way as the Liverpool "Boot Room". It was not solely reserved for the education of young players but also for the development of a modern approach to football from the roots up, as inspired by the success of the Hungarian national team featuring Ferenc Puskás that had humiliated England 6–3, and the great Real Madrid side of the late 1950s that dominated the European Cup.

Academy history
The 'Academy of Football' term was first used in the early years of Ron Greenwood's reign as West Ham manager (1961–1974). Greenwood had inherited a young team of players from Ted Fenton, and the club was noted for its reliance on homegrown talent with Bobby Moore, Martin Peters, Geoff Hurst, John Lyall, Ronnie Boyce, John Sissons, Alan Sealey and Harry Redknapp all in the first team or periphery. Further foundations had been laid with stalwart Ken Brown at the back, Malcolm Musgrove on the left wing (who was to leave in the second season), and the addition of John "Budgie" Byrne upfront.

The true heritage of this side, however, owed its pedigree to the practices put in place by the previous manager.

Fenton was praised as a forward-thinking manager. He pushed for the establishment of "The Academy," which brought through a series of young players to augment a side that could not be improved with the limited finances available. Two of the signings he did manage to make were those of John Dick and Malcolm Allison. Other players of the day included John Bond, Dave Sexton, Jimmy Andrews and Frank O'Farrell (later swapped for Eddie Lewis) and Tommy Moroney all part of an original 'Cafe Cassettari' club started by Fenton as a result of the restrictive budget.

Cassettari's Café sat opposite the Boleyn Ground, and Fenton organized a deal that saw meals and a warm welcome for the club players at a price the club could manage. It became a place for routine team discussion, and ideas and wisdom freely passed back and forth. The tradition of mentorship lasted long into the 1960s even after Fenton had moved on and saw future managers John Lyall and Harry Redknapp pass through. West Ham, with meetings at Cassettari's Café, soon gained a reputation for producing managers via playing for the club including Malcolm Allison, Noel Cantwell, Frank O'Farrell, John Bond, Dave Sexton, Jimmy Andrews and Malcolm Musgrove.

Fenton introduced continental ideas to the team, revamping training methods, and taking inspiration from higher-ranked teams. Fenton had been impressed greatly by the all-conquering Hungarians of the 1950s led by Ferenc Puskás, and the Cassettari program and development of the academy were at the core. Ernie Gregory said (of the 1950s diet) "We'd usually eaten fish or chicken and toast before then, but Dr. Thomas advised us all to eat steak and rice two hours before kick-off. All the other clubs copied us after that". However, not all the changes were strictly down to Fenton, Musgrove attributed much of the training regime to Allison, going so far as to state that once the players were at the club (signed by Fenton) they were pretty much Allison's property. As well as being a student of the game himself, Fenton encouraged all players to take coaching badges and, notably, many of his former players went on to coaching and managing roles after they retired. The academy also involved, beyond the routine training and development of the youth and squad, actual tactical discussions between the players.

At this time, three players who had come through the West Ham youth development system were beginning to find success in the England squad; they were Bobby Moore who debuted in 1962, Geoff Hurst and Martin Peters. In 1966, these players played a part in England's victory in the World Cup.

Moore was the most well-known of the three. He captained the England squad and was later named by Pelé as the "greatest" of all the defenders he had played against.

In the World Cup final against West Germany in which England won 4–2, Hurst scored the first hat-trick ever scored at a World Cup final match, and Peters scored the other goal. This gave rise to the West Ham supporters' partly sarcastic terrace chant:

""

A bronze statue of these three players (and Everton defender Ray Wilson) holding the Jules Rimet Trophy aloft was erected in 2003 at the junction of Barking Road and Green Street close to Upton Park.

During the next thirty years, West Ham's youth academy produced many professional players. Notable Academy "graduates" during this time include Frank Lampard Sr. and (later Sir) Trevor Brooking, who both featured in the club's 1975 FA Cup win with a team composed solely of English players; no club since has repeated this accomplishment.

Since 1973 the academy has been managed by Tony Carr, himself a "graduate" but whose career was cut short by injury.

Paul Ince played his first game for West Ham in 1986, and went on to win more trophies than any other Academy "graduate", albeit with Manchester United.

Premier League era
In 1996, the reputation of the academy began a fresh revival with the arrival of Rio Ferdinand and Frank Lampard Jnr. That year, the West Ham youth team reached the FA Youth Cup Final, losing to a Liverpool side inspired by Michael Owen. However, both Ferdinand and Lampard would see success in subsequent years.

In 1999, the West Ham youth team won the FA Youth Cup, beating Coventry City 9–0 on aggregate. The team featured Joe Cole and Michael Carrick. Ferdinand and Carrick played against Lampard and Cole when Manchester United met Chelsea at the 2008 UEFA Champions League Final.

Recent Academy "graduates" include Glen Johnson, Billy Mehmet, Freddy Eastwood, Anton Ferdinand (younger brother of Rio), Elliott Ward, Mark Noble, Jack Collison, James Tomkins and Declan Rice.

During the 2022–23 season, West Ham's under-18 won 26 out of 30 games in all competitions, winning the U18 Premier League South and the FA Youth Cup, beating Arsenal 5–1 at the Emirates Stadium to lift the trophy for the fourth time.

Relationship with West Ham United
The academy is an important part of the club's identity and a regular source of players for the first team. When the club was relegated from the FA Premier League in 2003, the sale of young Academy stars arguably saved the club from financial disaster. It has been argued that if West Ham had kept all of their Academy "graduates" since Rio Ferdinand, they would currently be among the very top English teams.

With their promotion via the Championship Play-Offs in 2005 West Ham have returned to England's top league. Three Academy "graduates" had been key players in this achievement; Anton Ferdinand, Elliott Ward, and Mark Noble. In the 2007–08 season, manager Alan Curbishley handed three graduates, Jack Collison, James Tomkins and Freddie Sears, their debuts.

Gianfranco Zola, who previously worked with the Italy U21's, stated his desire to continue the club's tradition of using homegrown talent. Noble, Tomkins and Collison all went on to play an important part as West Ham beat relegation to finish 9th in the 2008–09 season. Under him, Zavon Hines and Junior Stanislas have impressed after the August 2009 League Cup match against Millwall where they both scored in a 3–1 win.

West Ham as a 'selling club'
A case may be made that West Ham has been a 'selling club' in recent years, that is, a club that provides quality players to other clubs for profit but does not have the prestige or financial means to keep those players for the benefit of their own team. This reputation probably began with the sale of Rio Ferdinand to Leeds United in 2000. Since then, West Ham has sold six Academy "graduates" for transfer fees totaling over £50 million (including £18 million for Ferdinand, who was later sold on to Manchester United for £30 million). This amount has traditionally been much greater than the club's own spending on players (most of which was financed by the above income), and many of the players found success with financially stronger clubs such as Chelsea and Manchester United who are two of the English clubs capable of competing on a different level to most other teams.

Though not a club, the England national team has included various academy apprentices or graduates in recent years, including Rio Ferdinand, Michael Carrick, Frank Lampard, Joe Cole, Jermain Defoe and Glen Johnson, as well as John Terry who spent part of his development with the club.

Quotes
"The crowds at West Ham have never been rewarded by results but they keep turning up because of the good football they see. Other clubs will suffer from the old bugbear that results count more than anything. This has been the ruination of English soccer." – Ron Greenwood, West Ham manager 1961–1974.

"No way is it all down to me. It's very difficult to say why we've been so successful in youth terms; I suppose it's down to a number of factors but, most importantly, our recruitment area of east London and Essex is really fertile." – Tony Carr, director of Youth Development at West Ham 1973–2010, quoted in an interview published by The Daily Telegraph 14 June 2004.

"Why should we sell Rio Ferdinand? Are we a Premier League club or are we just a feeder club for bigger clubs? If we start selling players like Rio, where is the club going to go?" – Harry Redknapp, West Ham manager 1994–2001.

"The biggest single contributor to the current England national squad is not Manchester United, Arsenal, Liverpool or Chelsea, but the West Ham Youth Academy." – ITV Football article, 13 September 2004.

Reserve team history
The West Ham United Reserves Team was founded in 1899 as Thames Ironworks Reserves and they changed their name to West Ham Reserves in 1900. They joined London League Division One in the season 1899–1900. In 2007–08 they were FA Premier Reserve League Southern Division runners-up on goal difference.

'A' team
Between 1948 and 1956 West Ham entered an 'A' team into the Eastern Counties League. In 1952 they also began playing in the Metropolitan League. After leaving the ECL they remained in the Metropolitan League, winning the League Cup in 1957–58 and the Professional Cup in 1959–60, 1966–67 and 1968–69. They left the league when it merged into the Metropolitan London League in 1971, and instead entered a youth team into the South East Counties League, which they won in 1984–85, 1995–96, and 1997–98, before leaving when the FA Academy system was set up in 1998.

Under-21 team
The West Ham United Reserves competed in the Premier Reserve League South until relegation from the Premier League. The side is now classed as a development squad coached by Dmitri Halajko and Steve Potts. Friendly games were usually played at Chadwell Heath and other clubs training grounds.

Since the 2012–13 season, the team has played in the Professional Development League (now branded Premier League 2) for players under the age of 21 and a restricted number of over-age players. Most home matches are played at West Ham's training ground (Rush Green), with three fixtures per season played at the London Stadium, as well as some cup competitions being played at Dagenham and Redbridge F.C.’s Victoria Road stadium.

Current squad
Players (excluding scholars) who will qualify as U21s in season 2024-25 and who are outside the first team squad.
 * U18 represents an U18 squad player who has represented the U23s in the 2023-24 season.
 * U16 represents an U16 squad player (a non-scholar) who has represented the U23s in the 2023-24 season.
 * Squad numbers represent numbers given to players for first team and EFL Trophy matches only.

Under-18 team
The West Ham under-18's play in the U18 Premier League South. Home games are staged at Little Heath, Hainault Road in Romford, Essex. Tony Carr, a former West Ham player himself, was the youth academy director from 1973 to 2014. They have won the U19 title twice in 1998–99 and 1999–2000, when the Academy League was split into the U17s and U21s.

Current squad

 * U16 represents an U16 squad player (a non-scholar) who has represented the U18s in the 2023–24 season.
 * † represents a player who represented the U18s in the 2023-24 season before later leaving the club.

U16 U16 U16 U16 U16 U16 U16 U16 U16

Reserve Team/Under-21's
London League (1896–1960)
 * London Premier Division: 1909, 1912, 1913, 1915

Football Combination (1919–2012)
 * The Combination: 1921, 1924, 1925, 1948, 1954, 1978, 1986
 * The Combination Cup: 1954

Metropolitan League (1949–1971)
 * Metropolitan League Cup: 1958
 * Metropolitan Professional Cup: 1960, 1967, 1969
 * Metropolitan Autumn Shield: 1968

Pro Development League (since 2012)
 * Premier League 2 Division 2:
 * Winners (1): 2020
 * Runners-up (1): 2017
 * Premier League Cup: 2016

South East Counties League
 * South-East County League: 1985, 1996, 1998
 * South East Counties League Cup: 1967, 1969

Academy Team

 * Premier Academy U19 League: 1999, 2000
 * U18 Premier League South: 2023
 * FA Youth Cup:
 * Winners (4): 1963, 1981, 1999, 2023
 * Runners-up (4): 1957, 1959, 1975, 1996

Notable players
Alongside West Ham's aforementioned representation in the 1966 FIFA World Cup Final, the club also produced Clyde Best, Ade Coker and Clive Charles through their academy - with the trio making Football League history, by becoming the first three black players to start a game in the competition. Coker scored the second in the game against Tottenham Hotspur, on 1 April 1972, securing a 2–0 win for West Ham.

First team graduates since 2000
Since the turn of the century, every permanent first team manager has enabled a player from West Ham's youth teams to represent the first team. The following table shows every player to have made at least one first team appearance in all competitions. Players highlighted in green are still contracted to West Ham.

Other players
These players either trained at the academy but never played for West Ham first team or trained at multiple clubs in their youth. Only permanent spells are shown.

 * Sol Campbell made his debut at Tottenham Hotspur in 1992, and became a regular England player in the late 1990s. In 2001, when his contract ran out, he joined Arsenal. Campbell was a regular player for club and country, and has won the Premier League twice and the FA Cup three times while with Arsenal. He was named in the official Euro 2004 All-Star squad by the UEFA technical group.
 * Career: 1992–2011; Tottenham Hotspur, Arsenal, Portsmouth, Notts County, Newcastle United
 * International caps: 73 caps, 1 goal (🏴 england)

 * John Terry was schooled by both West Ham's and Chelsea's youth teams at different times. His debut for Chelsea was in 1998 and became captain of the side in the 2003/2004 season. The following season he helped Chelsea set a new record, the side having conceded only 14 goals in the entire league season. He was also voted PFA Players' Player of the Year in 2005.
 * Career: 1998–2018; Chelsea, Aston Villa
 * International caps: 78 caps, 8 goals (🏴 england)

 * Kieran Richardson started with the West Ham youth academy but was picked up by Manchester United's youth academy as a teenager.
 * Career: 2002–2016; Manchester United, Sunderland, Fulham, Aston Villa, Cardiff City
 * International caps: 8 caps, 2 goals (🏴 england)

 * Freddy Eastwood was previously a trainee at Southend United but moved to the West Ham Academy at age 15. He was unable to break into the first team and was released by then-manager Glenn Roeder. After starting out at non-League side Grays Athletic, he eventually worked his way up the league, signing for Championship sides Wolverhampton Wanderers and Coventry City. He represented Wales, qualifying through his grandmother.
 * Career: 2002–2015; Grays Athletic, Southend United, Wolverhampton Wanderers, Coventry City
 * International caps: 11 caps, 4 goals (🏴 wales)

 * Jlloyd Samuel joined West Ham from youth club Senrab, later moving to Charlton Athletic. Samuel later signed for Aston Villa, making 169 Premier League appearances at the club, as well as 71 league appearances for Bolton Wanderers, before playing domestic football in Iran.
 * Career: 2002–2015; Aston Villa, Bolton Wanderers, Esteghlal, Paykan, Egerton
 * International caps: 2 caps, 0 goals

 * Fitz Hall was released by West Ham at the age of 15, initially playing in non-league and the lower leagues, before signing for Southampton in 2004. Hall later signed for Crystal Palace, captaining the club. Hall signed for Queens Park Rangers in 2008, making 85 league appearances for the club. Hall retired in 2014, following a two-year spell with Watford.
 * Career: 2000–2014; Barnet, Chesham United, Oldham Athletic, Southampton, Crystal Palace, Wigan Athletic, Queens Park Rangers, Watford

 * Billy Mehmet was signed at the age of 8 years old and remained at the club until he was 19 years of age. During his time at West Ham, Mehmet was given his debut by Harry Redknapp at the age of 16 during a testimonial game. Mehmet was seen as the academies next promising graduate and was rewarded by being handed the captaincy of the reserve and youth team. Mehmet was released by the club at 19 years old by the then manager Glenn Roeder after the club was relegated. He then transferred to Dunfermline Athletic in the SPL, before moving onto St Mirren. After his time in Scotland, Mehmet later played in Turkey, Australia, Thailand, India and Singapore. Mehmet represented Northern Cyprus at the 2018 ConIFA World Football Cup.
 * Career: 2003–; Dunfermline Athletic, St Mirren, Gençlerbirliği, Samsunspor, Perth Glory, Bangkok Glass, Dempo, Kedah FA, Sarawak FA, Tampines Rovers, DPMM, Merit Alsancak Yeşilova
 * International caps: 5 caps, 4 goals

 * Jimmy Bullard began his senior career in non-league, after playing in the youth set-up at West Ham, before re-signing for West Ham. After two years at the club, without making an appearance, Bullard signed for Peterborough United. Bullard won promotion to the Premier League with Wigan Athletic. Bullard spent a total of six seasons in the Premier League, with Wigan, Fulham and Hull City
 * Career: 1997–2012: Corinthian, Dartford, Gravesend & Northfleet, Peterborough United, Wigan Athletic, Fulham, Hull City, Ipswich Town, Milton Keynes Dons

 * Kortney Hause spent eight years in West Ham's academy, moving to Birmingham City, before making his senior breakthrough at Wycombe Wanderers. In 2019, Hause made his debut in the Premier League for Aston Villa.
 * Career: 2012–: Wycombe Wanderers, Wolverhampton Wanderers, Aston Villa

English top division

 * Alan Curbishley – England U21 International
 * Alan Dickens – England U21 International
 * Anton Ferdinand – England U21 International
 * Bobby Barnes
 * Lee Hodges
 * Shaun Byrne – Rep of Ireland U21 International
 * Simon Clarke
 * Eamonn Dolan – Rep of Ireland U21 International
 * Geoff Pike – FA Cup Winner
 * George Parris
 * Jimmy Bullard
 * Kevin Keen
 * Kyel Reid – England U17/U18/U19 International
 * Mervyn Day – FA Cup Winner
 * Paul Allen – FA Cup Winner
 * Paul Brush – FA Cup Winner
 * Steve Potts
 * Stuart Slater – England U21/B International
 * Danny Williamson
 * Jlloyd Samuel – England U21 International
 * Fitz Hall
 * Liam Ridgewell – England U19/U21 International
 * Emmanuel Omoyinmi
 * Elliott Ward
 * Everald La Ronde
 * Greg Campbell
 * Keith McPherson
 * Matthew Rush
 * Leon Britton
 * Junior Stanislas – England U21 international
 * Freddie Sears – England U19/U21 international
 * James Tomkins – England U19/U21 international
 * Grady Diangana – England U19/U21 international

English 2nd tier or below

 * Billy Lansdowne
 * Dale Banton
 * Lee Boylan
 * Scott Canham
 * Nicky Morgan
 * Paul Kelly
 * Paul Marquis
 * Phil Brignull
 * Simon Livett
 * Steve Banks
 * Stevland Angus
 * Trent McClenahan – Australia U20/U23 International
 * Chris Cohen
 * Michael Ferrante – Australia U17/U20 International
 * Anwar Uddin
 * Gary Alexander
 * Jamie Victory
 * Joe Widdowson
 * Daryl McMahon
 * Mark Smith
 * Tony Stokes
 * Terrell Forbes
 * Stephen Purches
 * Billy Mehmet
 * Izzy Iriekpen
 * Greg Pearson
 * Ryan O'Neill
 * David Partridge
 * Lee Goodwin
 * Olly Lee
 * Anthony Edgar
 * Cristian Montaño
 * Steven Clark
 * Ahmed Abdulla
 * Jordan Brown
 * Callum McNaughton
 * Robert Hall
 * Dan Potts
 * Callum Driver
 * Eoin Wearen
 * George Moncur
 * Matthias Fanimo
 * Dylan Tombides
 * Sam Cowler
 * Blair Turgott
 * Paul McCallum
 * Dominic Vose
 * Leo Chambers
 * Pelly Ruddock
 * Sebastian Lletget
 * Reece Burke
 * Jamie Harney
 * Hogan Ephraim
 * Zavon Hines
 * Josh Payne
 * Anthony Scully
 * Jahmal Hector-Ingram
 * George Dobson
 * Moses Makasi
 * Marcus Browne
 * Djair Parfitt-Williams
 * Alex Pike
 * Lewis Page


text: Template:User es-4

title: Template:User es-4


text: Talk:Anagetic

title: Talk:Anagetic


text:
1949 Manitoba general election

The 1949 Manitoba general election was held on November 10, 1949, to elect Members of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Manitoba, Canada.

This election pitted the province's coalition government, made up of the Liberal-Progressive Party and the Progressive Conservative Party, against a variety of opponents.

The social democratic Manitoba Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) was the coalition's primary challenger, while the communist Labour Progressive Party and an assortment of independent candidates also challenged the coalition in some constituencies.

Liberal-Progressive and Progressive Conservative candidates ran against each other in some ridings, generally where no anti-coalition candidates had a serious chance of winning.

The result was a landslide victory for the coalition. Premier Douglas Campbell's Liberal-Progressives remained the dominant party in government, increasing their caucus to thirty-one seats out of fifty-seven—enough to form a majority government even without assistance from other parties. One of these candidates was elected simply as a "Liberal", but sat as a full member of the Liberal-Progressive caucus.

The Progressive Conservative Party, led by Errick Willis, remained the junior partner in government, falling to nine seats from thirteen in the previous election. Five independent "Conservative" or "Progressive Conservative" candidates were also elected, with all but one opposing the coalition government. These results provoked serious debate in the Progressive Conservative Party about the wisdom of staying with the coalition.

The CCF under Edwin Hansford fell to seven seats, down from nine in the previous election. Bill Kardash of the LPP retained his seat in north-end Winnipeg. Three pro-coalition independents were also elected, as was Edmond Prefontaine, an independent Liberal opposing the coalition.

The Social Credit League did not contest the election, having fallen into a state of internal disorganization.

Winnipeg had 12 seats filled through Single Transferable Voting, with four members elected in each of three Winnipeg districts. St. Boniface had two seats filled through STV.

The other districts elected one MLA each through Alternative Voting, where a candidate had to have majority of the votes to be elected. In Iberville, Morris and Rhineland, where no candidate had the majority in the First Count, only the First Count totals are shown - the final vote count and the intermediate counts are not. In all three cases, the leader in the first count was elected. Instant runoff voting thus made no change to who would have been elected versus who would have been elected under First past the post.

Results by riding
Bold names indicate members returned by acclamation. Italicized names indicate Anti-Coalition candidates returned. Incumbents are marked with *.

{{legend|#EA6D6A|Arthur: John R. Pitt*}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Assiniboia: Reginald Wightman}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Birtle: Francis Bell*}} {{legend|#9999FF|Brandon City: Joseph Donaldson}} {{legend|#DCDCDC|Carillon: Edmond Prefontaine* (Ind-LP)}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Cypress: James Christie*}} {{legend|#9999FF|Dauphin: Ernest McGirr}} {{legend|#9999FF|Deloraine-Glenwood: James O. Argue* }} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Dufferin: Walter McDonald*}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Emerson: John Solomon*}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Ethelbert: Michael Sawchuk* }} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Fairford: James Anderson* }} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Fisher: Nicholas Bachynsky*}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Gilbert Plains: Ray Mitchell}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Gimli: Steinn Thompson*}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Gladstone: William Morton*}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Hamiota: Charles L. Shuttleworth}} {{legend|#9999FF|Iberville: John McDowell }} {{legend|#EEDDAA|Kildonan-Transcona: George Olive* }}

{{legend|#9999FF|Killarney: Abram Harrison*}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Lakeside: Douglas Campbell*}} {{legend|#9999FF|Lansdowne: Thomas Seens}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|La Verendrye: Sauveur Marcoux*}} {{legend|#9999FF|Manitou-Morden: Hugh Morrison* }} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Minnedosa: Henry Rungay* }} {{legend|#DCDCDC|Morris: Harry Shewman}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Mountain: Ivan Schultz*}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Norfolk-Beautiful Plains: Samuel Burch}} {{legend|#9999FF|Portage la Prairie: Charles Greenlay*}} {{legend|#9999FF|Rhineland: Wallace C. Miller}} {{legend|#DCDCDC|Roblin: Ronald Robertson}} {{legend|#DCDCDC|Rockwood: Robert Bend}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Rupertsland: Daniel Hamilton*}} {{legend|#DCDCDC|Russell: Rodney Clement}} {{legend|#9999FF|St. Andrews: James McLenaghen* }} {{legend|#EA6D6A|St. Boniface: 'Joseph Van Belleghem}} {{legend|#EEDDAA|St. Boniface: Edwin Hansford}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|St. Clements: Nicholas Stryk}}

{{legend|#EA6D6A|St. George: Christian Halldorson*}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Ste. Rose: Maurice Dane MacCarthy*}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Springfield: William Lucko}} {{legend|#9999FF|Swan River: George Renouf* }} {{legend|#EA6D6A|The Pas: Francis Jobin (Lib)}} {{legend|#9999FF|Turtle Mountain: Errick Willis*}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Virden: Robert Mooney*}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Winnipeg Centre: Paul Bardal}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Winnipeg Centre: Charles Rhodes Smith*}} {{legend|#EEDDAA|Winnipeg Centre: Gordon Fines}} {{legend|#EEDDAA|Winnipeg Centre: Donovan Swailes*}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Winnipeg North: Frank Chester}} {{legend|#EEDDAA|Winnipeg North: Morris Gray*}} {{legend|#EEDDAA|Winnipeg North: John Hawryluk}} {{legend|#FF6347|Winnipeg North: Bill Kardash*}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Winnipeg South: John McDiarmid*}} {{legend|#EA6D6A|Winnipeg South: Ronald Turner*}} {{legend|#EEDDAA|Winnipeg South: Lloyd Stinson*}} {{legend|#DCDCDC|Winnipeg South: Dufferin Roblin (Ind-PC)}}

Winnipeg Centre
Four to be elected.

Winnipeg South
4 to be elected. Quota was 5522.

Post-election changes
On August 15, 1950, Progressive Conservative leader Errick Willis resigned his seat in cabinet. The party formally left the coalition later in the summer, and John McDowell, Hugh Morrison and Dufferin Roblin joined the party caucus.

Some Progressive Conservative MLAs opposed their party's decision, and chose to remain with the coalition side. Charles Greenlay and Wallace C. Miller chose to remain in cabinet, while James Argue and Joseph Donaldson sat as pro-coalition independents. Argue rejoined the Progressive Conservatives in 1953, while Donaldson resigned his seat. Thomas Seens did not initially support the party's decision to leave the coalition, but sat with the Progressive Conservatives in the legislature.

Ronald Robertson and Edmond Prefontaine rejoined the Liberal-Progressives, while independents Rod Clement and Walter Weir also remained on the government side. Harry Shewman appears to have sided with the opposition.

St. Andrews (dec. James McLenaghen, June 23, 1950), October 24, 1950:
 * Thomas P. Hillhouse (LP) 2366
 * William Earl Gordon (CCF) 1513
 * Veitch (PC) 1187

St. Clements (dec. Nicholas Stryk, 1950), October 24, 1950:
 * Albert Trapp (LP) 2729
 * Wasylyk (CCF) 560
 * Andrew Bileski (LPP) 254

Brandon City (res. Joseph Donaldson, April 18, 1951), January 21, 1952:
 * Reginald Lissaman (PC) 3223
 * Alex McPhail (LP) 2233
 * Spafford (CCF) 1305

La Verendrye (dec. Sauveur Marcoux, November 16, 1951), January 21, 1952:
 * Edmond Brodeur (LP) 2334
 * Arpin (PC) 1363

Winnipeg South (res. Charles Rhodes Smith, 1952)

St. Clements (dec. Albert Trapp, January 9, 1953)

Cypress (dec. James Christie, January 19, 1953)

Virden (dec. Robert Mooney, January 30, 1953)

Ste. Rose (dec. Maurice MacCarthy, June 8, 1953)

title: 1949 Manitoba general election


text: User talk:69.232.197.3

title: User talk:69.232.197.3


text:
User talk:Adeadcat

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! Hyacinth 21:12, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
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title: User talk:Adeadcat


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sean billig

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – ugen64 01:40, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Sean billig
Non-notable. User:Luigi30 (Υσηρ ταλκ ΛυηγηΛ) 21:12, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Yup. --Xcali 21:32, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete "Downloaded over 100,000 times!" That has to count for something. OnwardToGolgotha 00:50, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity. --Etacar11 00:59, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
Template talk:Conference reference

Editor field
is there a reason conference reference doesn't have an editor field? Is there a template that DOES do that (Book Article Reference perhaps)

I would be looking for author, title, editors, booktitle, year, ISBN, Pages

Or so I would think Rick Boatright 21:13, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Added "Editor", as well as other optional fields like in Template:Book reference. Of course, it's backward compatible with the old template (I have done a lot of testing, and after the changes old usages seems OK). --surueña 18:45, 23 December 2005 (UTC)

Does URL= do anything?
I tried using it in the reference in the RISC Single Chip article, but no link showed up - did I do something wrong, or is there a bug in the template? Guy Harris 05:41, 12 January 2006 (UTC)

 * On December 23, some of the features of this template were disabled to comply with WP:AUM. I'll install a workaround. Melchoir 21:11, 18 January 2006 (UTC)
 * I've adapted this template to conference format. As a side effect, First, Last, and Authorlink now work, as well as all the optional parameters that were deleted, including URL, Publisher, etc. Props to Netoholic and Adrian Buehlmann for providing the template. See also Template talk:Book reference. Melchoir 21:54, 18 January 2006 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Conference reference


text:
FF4

FF4 may refer to:
 * Final Fantasy IV, a console role-playing game originally released in 1991 for the Super NES
 * Final Fantasy IV (2007 video game), an enhanced 3D remake of the 1991 role-playing game originally released for the Nintendo DS
 * Fatal Frame: Mask of the Lunar Eclipse, a 2008 survival horror game for the Wii
 * Fast & Furious 4, a 2009 film
 * Mozilla Firefox 4, a web browser

title: FF4


text:
Talk:Antineoplastic

modes of action 2 & 3
Modes of action 2 & 3 are unclear: What is exactly inhibited wrt RNA? Is RNA transcription inhibited (likely since there is this big molecule in the way attached to the DNA) or is transcription inhibited?

Is point 3 a result of 1 & 2 or is there another mechanism?

MOAs 2 & 3 are vague and seem to be a direct result of 1. From my lecture notes here it seems that they work via inhibiting topoisomerase II. This also seems to be supported by what's on the anthracycline and doxorubicin pages. I have edited the page to reflect this. Serrin 08:32, 4 August 2006 (UTC)

Suggested move
Suggest Move to Antineoplastic agent.

Antineoplastic is an adjective or an abbreviation. The article should exist on a clear and static term for a noun if it is to describe a noun.--ZayZayEM (talk) 01:21, 15 October 2008 (UTC)

 * I rather suggest that this page should be moved to Cancer chemotherapy, after moving Chemotherapy to that one, as discussed at Talk:Chemotherapy: Move Chemotherapy to Cancer chemotherapy. Mikael Häggström (talk) 05:38, 17 May 2011 (UTC)

Suggested merge to Chemotherapy
Discussion is found at Talk:Chemotherapy. Mikael Häggström (talk) 13:10, 18 May 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Antineoplastic