text:
Pure

Pure may refer to:

Computing

 * Pure function
 * PureSystems, a family of computer systems introduced by IBM in 2012
 * Pure Software, a company founded in 1991 by Reed Hastings to support the Purify tool
 * Pure-FTPd, FTP server software
 * Pure (programming language), functional programming language based on term rewriting
 * Pure Storage, a company that makes datacenter storage solutions

Companies and products

 * Pure (app), dating app
 * Pure (restaurant chain), a British fast food chain
 * Pure Insurance, Privilege Underwriters Reciprocal Exchange
 * Pure Trading, a Canadian electronic communication network operated by CNQ
 * Pure Digital, a UK consumer electronics company specialising in DAB radios
 * Pure Oil, a U.S. chain of gas stations
 * Propulsion Universelle et Récuperation d'Énergie (PURE), a motorsport engineering company
 * Pure FM (Portsmouth), a university radio station based in Portsmouth, UK
 * Pure (Belgian radio station), a former Belgian radio station

Literature

 * Pure (magazine), a magazine created by Peter Sotos
 * Pure (Miller novel), a 2011 novel by Andrew Miller
 * Pure (Baggott novel), a 2012 novel by Julianna Baggott
 * PURE, 2016 play about chocolate manufacture, commissioned by Mikron Theatre Company

Video games

 * Pure (video game), an off-road racing video game for Microsoft Windows, Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3

Establishments

 * Pure Nightclub, a nightclub in Las Vegas, Nevada

Music

 * Pure (Canadian band), a Canadian rock band till 2000

Albums

 * Pure (3 Colours Red album), 1997
 * Pure (Godflesh album), 1992
 * Pure (Gary Numan album), 2000
 * Pure (Hayley Westenra album), 2003
 * Pure (In the Woods... album), 2016
 * Pure (No Angels album), 2003
 * Pure (The Lightning Seeds album), 1996
 * Pure (Maksim Mrvica album), 2007
 * Pure II (Maksim Mrvica album), 2008
 * Pure (The Primitives album), 1989
 * Pure (The Jesus Lizard album), 1989
 * Pure (Lara Fabian album), 1997
 * Pure (Pendragon album), 2008
 * Pure (Boney James album), 2004
 * Pure (Chris Potter album), 1994

Songs

 * "Pure" (song), by The Lightning Seeds, 1989
 * "Pure", a song and single by 3 Colours Red from Pure, 1997
 * "Pure", a song by Cigarettes After Sex from Cry, 2019
 * "Pure", a song by Dream
 * "Pure", a song by Endless Shame
 * "Pure", a song by Orgy from their 2005 album Punk Statik Paranoia
 * "Pure", a song by Paris Angels B-side to "Perfume (Loved Up)", 1991

Film and television

 * Pure (2002 film), a 2002 British film
 * Pure (2005 film), a 2005 Canadian film
 * Pure (2010 film), a 2010 Swedish film
 * Pure (Canadian TV series), a 2017 Canadian TV series
 * Pure (British TV series), a 2019 UK TV series
 * "Pure" (Law & Order: Special Victims Unit), an episode of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit
 * "Pure" (Into the Dark), an episode of the first season of Into the Dark

Places

 * Pure, Ardennes

title: Pure


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Declan James McMahon

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 10:23, Jun 21, 2005 (UTC)

Declan James McMahon
The only reason why he even has an entry is because he is the one-year old grandson of Vince McMahon. Has he done anything else? ErikNY 18:05, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Wikipedia is not a geneaology page, even for famous people.--Scimitar 19:46, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete - per Scimitar. --FCYTravis 19:56, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete genealogy. JamesBurns 23:37, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete until he's notable on his own. --Etacar11 23:59, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per Walt Disney's grandma a week ago or so. jglc | t | c 15:24, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Category:Mountains of Zimbabwe

The mountains of Zimbabwe.

title: Category:Mountains of Zimbabwe


text:
User:Alvonruff

Al von Ruff is the founder and editor of the Internet Speculative Fiction Database.

=Notes on the Submission of Genre-Related Author Articles= One of the current reference shortfalls in the SF genre is the lack of a current version of Contemporary Authors. A Contemporary Author reference focuses on biographical information, not bibliographic information, and the last version produced in the field was Reginald's Contemporary Science Fiction Authors II, published in 1979. The ISFDB is a bibliographic resource, and previous attempts to add biographical information via its associated wiki have been sparse and unstructured. Efforts to improve the biographical support in the ISFDB are typically met with the question: "Why are we not using Wikipedia? It is specifically designed for this kind of work." And the answer to this question is a simple one: Wikipedia is a hostile environment for the creation of genre author biographies for all but the most elite authors. Only 8% of ISFDB authors have a Wikipedia article, and attempts to add articles for the most notable of the missing authors is met with fierce resistance. Wikipedia, in its early days, was a relatively nerdy place, and most of those elite 8% authors were introduced during that time, and have been "grandfathered" with respect to adherence to more modern guidelines for notability and references.

If you are interested in the creation of genre-related author articles on Wikipedia, this page documents details on how to determine the relative notability of an SF author, and whether it will be a waste of time to attempt to create an article for a particular author. It also contains advice on dealing with the most common strategies employed by Wikipedia editors to kill your article.

=Notability= Wikipedia notability has been fairly subjective with respect to SF authors, with numerous authors (and the ISFDB itself) nominated for elimination due to lack of notability. Even though Wikipedia specifically states that notability is subjective, it is desirable to make the initial evaluation process more objective, which allows one to make a notability determination before investing time in writing an article.

Historical Perspective on Wikipedia Notability
Wikipedia's definition of notability has moved significantly since the inception of the concept in mid-2003. Prior to that date, there were no notability requirements, and numerous articles on genre-related authors were introduced prior to that date. The definitions that followed were:
 * August 2003: Published authors, editors, and photographers who have written books with an audience of 10,000 or more or periodicals with a circulation of 10,000 or more. The Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America have documented circulation requirements for both novels and shortfiction, such that qualification for SFWA membership would fulfill the notability requirement. The notability definition includes the word book implying that qualifying works for Wikipedia should be novels or collections. Nonetheless, this requirement is highly objective.
 * January 2004: Published authors, editors, and photographers who have written books with an audience of 5,000 or more or in periodicals with a circulation of 5,000 or more. This halved the circulation requirement.
 * January 2007: Published authors, editors and photographers who received multiple independent reviews of or awards for their work. This is also entirely objective, and makes it quite easy to generate lists of qualified authors. It does imply that the qualification for an award is a win, not necessarily a nomination.
 * March 2007: Wikipedia moves to a more abstract definition of notability, with wording very close to the modern definition, in particular:
 * The person has received a notable award or honor, or has been often nominated for them. This wording opened the door for award nominations.
 * The person is regarded as an important figure or significant expert by peers. This wording opened the door for genre-related encyclopedias.
 * The person has created a significant or well-known work, or collective body of work, which has been the subject of multiple independent works, reviews, or documentaries. This wording opened the door to authors with lengthy bibliographies.

The above shifting criteria has contributed to the precedent of reliance on award nominations, award wins, reviews, reliable encyclopedias, and SFWA membership eligibility, even though that criteria may have been superseded by modern guidelines for notability.

Practical Application of Notability Guidelines
Here are some annotated guidelines for "Authors, editors, journalists, filmmakers, photographers, artists, architects, and other creative professionals":

Genre-Specific Levels of Notability
A preliminary look at the statistics generates the following categories of likely notability for the SF field:

I'll update these as I acquire more data. I'm starting with the Hugo awards, as they are readily accepted as the "Academy Awards" of the SF world, but that doesn't preclude the future inclusion of other awards. In particular, the Hugos provide three of the five tenets for Wikipedia notability: Reliable, Sources, and Independence. It does not provide Significant coverage, and only contributes to Presumed. An award win, combined with an entry in Encyclopedia of Science Fiction & Fantasy would contribute greatly to Significant coverage.

Notability Derived from Genre Awards and Other Factors
The pages below derive article success rates based on numerous sub-factors within a specific area of possible notability. They also outline a list of outlying target authors who currently do not have a Wikipedia article, and provide an analysis of whether such an article should be pursued or not. An explanation of the column headers:

 * Notabilty - one of the notability levels defined above.
 * SFE - Author has an entry in the Encyclopedia of Science Fiction. This is a measure of genre notability.
 * SFWA - Author is eligible for SFWA. This is not an official evaluation of eligibility. SFWA has published the criteria for membership, including acceptable market places for both long and short form fiction. I have a tool which examines an author bibliography, which makes a decision on whether the author could, theoretically, be a member of SFWA. This is a measure of genre notability and critical acceptance.
 * Awards - The number of award nominations and wins the author has (as known by the ISFDB). Does not include preliminary nominations. Another measure of critical acceptance.
 * Reviews - The number of in-print reviews of the author's works, as published in genre publications. This does not include online, or non-genre reviews, such as The New York Times.

Detailed notability analysis pages:

 * User:Alvonruff/Hugo_Award_Notability - Analysis based on the various Hugo Award categories. (Complete - 11 potential author articles)
 * User:Alvonruff/Nebula_Award_Notability - Analysis based on the various Nebula Award categories. (Complete - 5 potential author articles)
 * User:Alvonruff/World_Fantasy_Award_Notability - Analysis based on the various World Fantasy Award categories. (Complete - 5 potential author articles)
 * User:Alvonruff/Astounding_Award_Notability - Analysis based on the various Astounding Award categories. (In progress)
 * User:Alvonruff/Bibliography_Depth_Notability - Analysis based on authors with more than 20 novels in their bibliography. (Complete)
 * User:Alvonruff/SFWA_Notability - Analysis of the success rate of authors who qualify for SFWA membership.
 * User:Alvonruff/Reviewed_Works_Notability - Analysis of authors with the most reviewed works. (In progress)
 * Top 500 Novels. Critically-acclaimed novels which do not have Wikipedia articles. Wikipedia's requirements for novel articles are far more lax than those for authors.

=References= If an article makes it past the notability battle, then the next strategy for article rejection will focus on the topic of references. While there is considerable documentation on Wikipedia references, that documentation tends to be both technical and subjective, making it difficult for a casual submitter to understand the reference requirements. In addition, the application of reference guidelines is entirely random, depending upon the preferences of the editor that happened to stumble across your article. Before we go into the specific types of likely reference attacks, we need to provide some background into the kinds of references that are currently in use with respect to genre authors.

Statistical Background
The ISFDB has a set of pages that score works and authors by the number of awards they have received or been nominated for. This page (https://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/popular_authors.cgi?1+decade+2010) shows the top 500 authors for the time period of 2010 through 2019. The top 50 authors on that list arguably represent the most "critically acclaimed" authors of that period. All of these authors have Wikipedia articles, and most have numerous references, which make them suitable for some detailed analysis on the type of references which are used on existing articles. A summary of the number of references within specific reference classes are given below:

Summary: The average number of references for these top-tier authors was 52, but this number is extensively padded by authors known outside the genre, such as Stephen King, Neil Gaiman, and Terry Pratchett. Half of the authors had fewer than 40 references, and 3 authors had fewer than 10. The distribution of various classes of references is shown below:

Reference Attributes
Wikipedia's has a general stance of no original research, which would normally be required to summarize information taken from primary resources. As such, Wikipedia has a desire for secondary sources, and may tolerate tertiary sources (depending on the editor). That said, some information found in primary sources requires no additional analysis or synthesis - for instance, factual biographical information, such as an author's birthplace, date of birth, or alma mater. Additionally, there is a heavy reliance on award and review information to support an author article, and award information is typically taken from a primary source (an awards web site), and while parts of a review may be considered a secondary source (when summarizing the plot of a novel), it will certainly content some amount of original criticism, which could be considered a primary source. Additionally, news sites are generally accepted as a secondary source, but numerous Wikipedia references are derived from press releases ("Film Studio X has optioned the rights to Novel Y by Author Z") and are generally just a slightly simplified version of the original release - which hardly promotes the news article to secondary source status. The four predominate reference attributes, with respect to Wikipedia, are:

 * Primary - These types of references should, according to Wikipedia, be avoided, although they represent about 65% of the references in the top 50 authors above. Examples of primary sources, relevant to genre authors:
 * An official awards website, such as https://nebulas.sfwa.org/, or https://www.thehugoawards.org/.
 * The author's blog or official website, or guest article at another website.
 * An autobiography.
 * Personal information about the author written about within the foreword or introduction to some other work.
 * An interview with the author.
 * Promotional material from the author's publisher.
 * The author's landing page at a site such as amazon.com or goodreads.com.
 * A link to the author's online fiction (or excerpt).
 * The author's Twitter activity.
 * Secondary - This is one of the preferred types of sources. Examples:
 * General news sites: New York Times, The Guardian, The Washington Post, NPR, etc..
 * Book-specific news sites: Locus Magazine, Kirkus Reviews, BookRiot, Publishers Weekly.
 * Tertiary - This is also one of the preferred types of sources (Identifying_and_using_tertiary_sources). Examples:
 * In-print, or online references, such as the Encyclopedia of Science Fiction.
 * On-line references, such as isfdb.org or sfadb.com
 * Independence - Wikipedia desires sources to be independent, that is, material generated by writers who have no direct relationship with the subject. For authors, this would make autobiographies, blogs, and interviews poor sources for an article, although about 30% of the references in the top 50 authors above include such sources.

Most genre authors will never have an independent biography, nor will they generate the kind of news that attracts the attention of a general news outlet. When we discount information generated by the author, what is left are awards and reviews as secondary sources, along with genre encyclopedias and online bibliographies as tertiary sources, which makes for relatively tepid Wikipedia articles for all but the genre's biggest superstars. The primary focus of an author's wikipedia article should be biographical, as information such as their bibliography or award history is more easily summarized elsewhere (let's be honest, most of those references are included to pad the reference count, much like changing the font size on a term paper, which do not improve the quality of an article). Biographical information is all but impossible to find for most genre authors without resorting to primary, non-independent sources.

Killing Articles via Speedy Deletion
Speedy Deletions (see Criteria_for_speedy_deletion) are rare, but have been employed against articles I have written. The general strategies that are most common are:
 * G4. Recreation of a page that was deleted per a deletion discussion. This may be used even if a previous article was deleted many years ago (probably due to lack of notability) and the new article made no use at all of the old article. Author articles typically contain a bibliography section, and that section will obviously have a similarity to the previous article, as it consists of hard, unchanging facts. This is best countered with a more extensive biography, which should be the main point of the article. But you will now need to support that biography with references.
 * A7 - No indication of importance (people, animals, organizations, web content, events). This is a subtle form of notability attack, meaning that the author may be notable, but you failed to document why the author is notable. This can be countered with genre encyclopedia, review, and award references.

Killing Articles via Draft Space
There are rules for the deletion of articles on Wikipedia, generally requiring marking, notification, and concensus. There is an alternative that editors are now using to quickly delete articles without the overhead of a notability or deletion discussion: moving the article to draft space "for incubation". When an article (say 'XYZ') is moved to draft space, it is removed from Wikipedia's public viewing space and indexing, and the article name is changed to 'Draft:XYZ'. It will remain there for a period of time, until an automated garbage collector deletes it. This is the least specific kind of feedback you can receive on the quality of an article.

The wikipedia policy on Deletion_policy states:

"Incubation must not be used as a "backdoor to deletion". Because abandoned drafts are deleted after six months, moving articles to draft space should generally be done only for newly created articles (typically as part of new page review) or as the result of a deletion discussion."

However, if you look at the actual editor discussions happening on the talk page for Drafts, you will find remarks like this:

"...most of the time the rules for draftification are used to provide excuses for getting rid of bad content that does not meet speedy deletion criteria, without overwhelming the AfD system, rather than with any serious expectation that draftification will be a step towards making the content mainspace-worthy. "To allow time and space for the draft's improvement" is one of those excuses. Sometimes it even works out that way, but only rarely."

So to be clear, editors are using the draft mechanism to insta-kill articles they don't like. They avoid giving clear criticism of the article, relying on the generic phrase "not suitable as written", because their intention is not to actually improve the article, but to kill it. Since there is extensive documentation on notability above, editors are avoiding notability discussions and simply killing articles by moving them to draft space. So be aware, even if you should be considered notable by the rules above, an editor may arbitrarily remove the article without discussion, by using this mechanism.

Quantity of References
xx

Quality of References
xx

=Templates=

=External Links=

title: User:Alvonruff


text: User talk:83.235.203.253

title: User talk:83.235.203.253


text:
User talk:Bubbles The Gimp

Welcome
Hello , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! You (Talk) 18:06, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

P.S. I saw your edits to Michael Jackson and Pedophilia. While I am sure that you were editing in good faith, Wikipedia has a very strict Neutral point of view policy that basically states that articles should be written in an unbiased way. While I share your opinion on the matter (and am not a Micheal Jackson fan,) Wikipedia must be made acceptable to those that hold almost all opinions. Thank you and happy editing!

title: User talk:Bubbles The Gimp


text:
Talk:USS St. Louis (CL-49)

Untitled
As a suggestion, it would be helpful to know what type of ship this was supposed to be. If that were found somewhere in the first paragraph, the article would be more...easily understood, ...in context?

This St. Louis was a Light Cruiser.

She earned the nickname "Lucky Lou" during her WWII service.

The on-board "newsletter" was called the "Hubble Bubble".

More info: http://www.ussstlouis.com/ http://mywebpage.netscape.com/swede51/CL-49.html

Fate: Transfered to the Brazilian Navy and commissioned on 29 JAN 1951 as TAMANDARE.

TAMANDARE (C-12) was stricken from the Brazilian Navy in 1976. Sold to breakers four years later, she foundered 24 August 1980 off South Africa while under tow to Taiwan.

E-mail from former TAMANDARE surgeon, Dr. Amadeu Zullino of Amparo, Brazil.

Word for Word Lift?
If the URL below contains an accurate rendering of “Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships,” (1976) Vol. 6, pp.246-248, and the dictionary hasn't granted permission for this use, then this entire article is in violation of copyright.
 * Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships, 1976

Additional summaries of the ship's history can be found at:
 * Global Security
 * Navy History

An inauspicious discussion of the ship's use by the Brazilians can be found in Time magazine:
 * Time magazine

Maybe someone with a copy of that book ought to have a look see and then mark this article as in violation? --Pat (talk) 06:21, 29 December 2007 (UTC)
 * It's not, it's written by the US government and any work by the US government is in the public domain. It mentions this in the wiki DANFS article. -- D tbohrer talk•contribs 14:11, 29 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks for the explanation and noting the source at the bottom of the article. The concept of using another source verbatim without quotation marks and attribution, and then modifying it here and there, will take some getting used to. --Pat (talk) 03:39, 30 December 2007 (UTC)

Caliber measurement disparity
All of the calibers for the guns on this ship have a metric conversion for the calibers that's outright incorrect, it lists 6" as 150mm instead of 152mm, 5" as 130mm instead of 127mm, and .50 as 13mm instead of 12.7mm, could a more experienced editor please help to correct this? There's scripting in there that I really don't want to touch due to not knowing how they work

Robo9292 (talk) 03:18, 2 November 2017 (UTC)

Separate class
According to DANFS the USN considers this and HELENA a separate class, not the 8th and 9th BROOKLYN class.Brooksindy (talk) 09:06, 14 April 2020 (UTC)

 * Recent edits take opposite sides but the cited references support a "St. Louis class" for CL-49 and CL-50. The Navy references are quite clear that CL-49 & CL-50 were different in design from other CLs. The whole "class" thing can be a rat's nest — it was much more a practical administrative tool that some outside Navy ship management seem to realize — so one can find slightly varied use of the term in Navy documents. One Navy document, Ships' Data 1938 illustrates that with "Group designs under the several classes are indicated by braces." The "classes" there are broad; "Battleships," "Heavy Cruisers," "Light Cruisers" and so on. What are termed "classes" in Wikipedia — and DANFS — are those "Group designs" with CL-49 and CL-50 being such a grouping and the "cl. St. Louis" in DANFS. The references support those two CLs being a class of their own rather than just more "Brooklyn" cruisers. In 1938 Navy bins for the light cruiser "class" there were four design groups that can be managed for logistics in particular as a "class" of ships with very similar to identical requirements for support and capabilities. Palmeira (talk) 13:34, 20 December 2021 (UTC)

This is patently false. I have not seen a single RS outside of USN documents that treat them as a separate class. If there are any, the onus on those who want to treat these ships as distinct to provide them. In any event, this was discussed at Talk:Brooklyn-class cruiser, and further discussion should continue there. Parsecboy (talk) 14:20, 20 December 2021 (UTC)

 * Since it is the U.S. Navy that determines what its classification of ships will be it is up to the outside writers to explain just how the Navy is mistaken in how it defines its classes. They may have a case to make. If so that must be in the article along with how the Navy classed them — and how their "expertise" trumps a Navy fact. Something along the lines of "The Navy classed the two cruisers separately; however civilian authors take a different view stating that the Navy's reasons for doing so were not sound and the ships were really Brooklyn class." Now their doing so would be presumptuous, like telling the U.S. Senate Senator X is not from state Y, but perhaps they have an argument. For administrative reasons the Navy may class ships separately when in reality they are quite similar and the Navy's classing of them is not significant — except for those the Navy found useful. Palmeira (talk) 14:46, 20 December 2021 (UTC)

Another image
See https://qph.fs.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-407141503728fc4de87968ba277b87a6 for an image that would greatly enhance the article. It seems to be a work of the US Government that could be uploaded to Commons if properly attributed. Andrewa (talk) 11:07, 26 July 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:USS St. Louis (CL-49)


text:
Talk:2000–2006 municipal reorganization in Quebec

Where's Terrebonne, Quebec? -- Earl Andrew - talk 18:07, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC) Nevermind I added it. Makes me wonder if there are others that were missed.

I'm removing the cleanup tag, this article looks fine and dandy now (if a bit dull :P). Tamarkot 01:52, 23 April 2006 (UTC)

The mergers where resented by both francophones, anglophones, poor and rich both on the South Shore of Montreal and the West Island of Montreal where it is a cliché to assume every citizen there is a rich anglophone. This is no longer true. The populations of the whole greater Montreal rejected the forced mergers brought about by the Parti-Québecois. Many now resent the Liberal party for not giving back full autonomy to those communities that demerged. - Nmramemphis

Boston
Who keeps removing my "Citation needed" for the claim that Québec looked to Boston as a model for consolidation? Boston is a major city confined to small city limits surrounded by a large sea of suburbs which use Boston on a daily basis but pay no taxes in, being politically independent from Boston. The city has no experience with controlling suburban leeching by way of expanding its legal jurisdiction in the post-industrial age. Not a stitch of annexation since 1874. So please explain how Québec was "Following the examples they claimed has been set by authorities in Boston". —Preceding unsigned comment added by Eric12 (talk • contribs) 22:38, 15 December 2007 (UTC)


text:
Mount Saint Mary's College

Mount Saint Mary's College may refer to:

 * Mount St Mary's College, Sheffield, England, UK
 * Mount Saint Mary's University, Los Angeles, formerly known as Mount St. Mary's College, Los Angeles, California, USA
 * Mount Saint Mary's College Namagunga, Mukono District, Uganda

title: Mount Saint Mary's College


text:
Wake Up and Smell the Coffee

Wake Up and Smell the Coffee is the fifth studio album by Irish alternative rock band The Cranberries, and their last before their six-year hiatus. Released on 22 October 2001, the album sold 170,000 copies in the US by April 2007. Worldwide, the album had sold 1,300,000 copies by 2002.

This marks the band's only album on MCA Records. They were transferred to MCA after the merger of PolyGram (which owned their previous label, Island Records) with MCA's parent Universal Music Group in 1999.

While the album did not initially receive a vinyl release, on 16 February 2023, it was announced that the album would receive a limited vinyl issue for Record Store Day on 22 April 2023.

Artwork
Several different covers exist for the album, with the most widely distributed being a man lying in a bed on the beach with gym balls moving towards him. Later European editions, namely the UK special edition, use a similar, brighter shot taken at a different time of day with a slightly different number of gym balls. The American version of the album uses a shot of the clustered gym balls as the main cover art, with the man in bed on the reverse side of the image (the other side of the booklet). The Japanese edition also uses a shot of the gym balls, but bouncing on a grass field instead of the beach.

Designer Storm Thorgerson, who also designed the cover of their previous album, Bury the Hatchet, said: "The idea of red balls came from granules of coffee percolating the atmosphere, settling in your nose and waking you up. These became red (cranberries) and then enlarged to gym balls to satisfy our rampant egos. The location changed from an interior to an open space. Because this idea was preposterous, it needed testing before we did the proper thing on a beach in Somerset. The test... was done on a small grass aerodrome near London."

The version of the artwork featuring a man in bed on the beach is similar in concept to another Thorgerson creation, Pink Floyd's A Momentary Lapse of Reason. Thorgerson's anomalous red balls recall another of his earlier album covers, Elegy by The Nice (1970).

Critical reception
At review aggregator Metacritic, the album received a score of 62 out of 100 based on nine critics' reviews, indicating "generally favorable" reception. Stephen Thomas Erlewine of AllMusic called the album "as reminiscent of their debut as anything they've done since" as well as "melodic, stately, and somber [...] with a dogged sense of decorum that keeps not just the group's musical excesses in check, but also O'Riordan's political polemics", although found there to be nothing that "really result[s] in a record that will restore the Cranberries to the status they enjoyed in the early '90s".

John Aizlewood of Blender described Wake Up and Smell the Coffee as "the set of inspired anthems they needed to deliver in '96—all tremulous vocals from Dolores O'Riordan [...] and encouraging lyrics [...] It may be too late, but it's not too little." Alternative Press found it to be a "slight improvement" on Bury the Hatchet (1999), and Q felt it was "Charming, if slight". Sal Cinequemani of Slant Magazine wrote that the album "sticks to what the Cranberries do best: constructing the radio-friendliest of pop alternatives", but concluded that "Dolores and company fall a bit short of the emotive and atmospheric heights" of their "creative (and commercial) zenith", No Need to Argue (1994).

E! commented that "the band sounds strong but derivative of its own best work", going on to say that "O'Riordan's voice aims for spiritual passion but sometimes, as in the title track, becomes a chafing bray" and that it "may please old fans". Chris Willman of Entertainment Weekly wrote: "It's official: Dolores O'Riordan is rock's most vapid lyricist", quoting O'Riordan's couplets "Birds in the sky/They look so high" from "Never Grow Old" and "Looks like we've screwed up the ozone layer/I wonder if the politicians cay-ay-are" from "Time Is Ticking Out" as examples. Willman found positives to be the return of "original producer Stephen Street", who makes "a few tracks into palatable ear candy, and O'Riordan ha[ving] traded stridency for softer tones".

Personnel
The Cranberries
 * Dolores O'Riordan – vocals, guitars, keyboards
 * Noel Hogan – electric and acoustic guitars
 * Mike Hogan – bass guitar
 * Fergal Lawler – drums, percussion

title: Wake Up and Smell the Coffee


text:
Indrail Pass

An Indrail Pass was a special railway pass available to foreign nationals created along the lines of the Eurail Pass for unlimited travel without reservation of a ticket on the Indian Railways network. This ticket was available for purchase in time periods from half a day to 90 days and in 3 classes.

As of 19.09.2017 by Railway Board order, Indrail passes have been discontinued.

title: Indrail Pass


text: Category:Foshan

title: Category:Foshan


text:
List of Rice University people

The list of Rice University people includes notable alumni, former students, faculty, and presidents of Rice University.

Alumni
The names of Distinguished Alumni Award recipients is available online (the list is arranged alphabetically and includes recipients of other Rice University awards)

Government and politics

 * Note: individuals who belong in multiple sections appear in the most relevant section.

U.S. Cabinet Secretaries

 * Charles Duncan, 1947, U.S. Secretary of Energy (1979–1981)
 * Alberto Gonzales, 1979, United States Attorney General (2005–2007)

U.S. Ambassadors

 * James Ward Hargrove, 1943, Ambassador to Australia (1976–1977)
 * Eric Nelson, 1983, Ambassador to Bosnia and Herzegovina (2019–present)

Other federal officials

 * Patrick G. Carrick, member of the Senior Executive Service
 * Robert L. Clarke, 1963, attorney, Comptroller of the Currency (1985–1992)
 * Josh Earnest, 1997, White House Press Secretary for President Barack Obama (2014–2017)
 * L. Patrick Gray (attended), acting director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (1972–1973)
 * Stephen Hahn, 1980, Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration (2019–2021)
 * Robert S. Martin, 1971, director, Institute of Museum and Library Services (2001–2005)
 * Benjamin J. Rhodes, 2000, speechwriter and national security adviser to Barack Obama

U.S. Senators and Congressmen

 * Bill Archer (attended), United States Congressman (1971–2001)
 * Jim Bridenstine, 1998, U.S. Representative, Oklahoma's 1st congressional district (2013–2018); Administrator of NASA (2018–2021)
 * John Kline, 1969, United States Congressman (2003–2017)
 * Pete Olson, 1985, United States Congressman (2009–2021)
 * Albert Thomas, 1920, U.S. Representative, Texas's 8th congressional district (1937–1966)

Governors

 * James V. Allred (attended), Governor of Texas (1935–1939)
 * Glenn Youngkin, 1990, Governor of Virginia (2022–present)

Mayors

 * George Chang, Ph.D. 1966, mayor of Tainan, Taiwan (1997–2001)
 * Roy Hofheinz, 1932 (attended), mayor of the City of Houston (1953–1955)
 * Annise Parker, 1978, mayor of the City of Houston (2010–2016)
 * Susan Sample, B.A. 1985, Mayor of the City of West University Place (2015–2019, 2021–present)
 * Starke Taylor, 1943, mayor of the City of Dallas (1983–1987)

State and local officials

 * George P. Bush, 1998, commissioner of the Texas General Land Office; son of Florida Governor Jeb Bush; nephew of former President George W. Bush; grandson of former President George H. W. Bush
 * Eric Dick, 2022, is the President of the Harris County Department of Education since 2017; lawyer specializing in denied or underpaid property insurance claims
 * William P. Hobby Jr., 1953, Lieutenant Governor of Texas (1973–1991); former chancellor of the University of Houston System; former president and executive editor at The Houston Post
 * Scott Hochberg, member of the Texas House of Representatives
 * M. J. Khan, Master of Business Administration, former Houston City Council member
 * Eliot Shapleigh, 1974, Texas state senator

Judges

 * Lamar John Ryan Cecil, 1923, United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas (1954–1958)
 * Finis E. Cowan, 1951, United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas (1977–1979)
 * Harold R. DeMoss Jr., 1952, Federal Judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (1991–2015)
 * Hugh Gibson, 1940, United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Texas (1979–1998)
 * Sam E. Haddon, 1959, United States district judge of the United States District Court for the District of Montana (2012–present)
 * Sharon Keller, 1975, Presiding Judge of the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals (2001–present)
 * James Aubrey Parker, 1959, Senior Judge of the United States District Court for the District of New Mexico (2003–present)
 * Karen Gren Scholer, 1979, United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas (2018–present)
 * Anuraag Singhal, 1986, United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Florida (2019–present)
 * Leslie H. Southwick, 1972, Federal Judge on the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals

Other

 * Mitch Bainwol, 1983, former chair, Republican National Committee
 * William Luther Pierce, 1955, National Alliance founder, noted neo-Nazi, and author of the Turner Diaries
 * Gary H. Stern, chief executive of the Ninth Federal Reserve Bank, at Minneapolis

Architecture

 * E. Fay Jones, Master of Architecture degree 1951, architect, named in 2000 by the American Institute of Architects as "one of the ten most influential architects of the twentieth century"
 * Eric Kuhne, 1973, British architect
 * Charles Renfro, BArch 1989, architect, partner of Diller Scofidio + Renfro

Fashion

 * James Mischka, 1985, designer and co-founder of Badgley Mischka

Film, television and radio

 * Elizabeth Avellán, 1992, film producer and co-founder of Troublemaker Studios
 * Ron Bozman, 1969, Academy Award-winning film producer (The Silence of the Lambs)
 * Dr. Joy Browne (b. Oppenheim), Jones 1966, host of popular syndicated radio and television call-in therapy shows
 * John William Corrington, M.A. 1960, screenwriter
 * James Craig, actor (Kitty Foyle)
 * Germaine Franco, 1984, film composer (Coco)
 * Amy Hobby, 1986, Academy Award-nominated producer
 * Howard Hughes (attended), filmmaker known for Hell's Angel's (1930) and Scarface (1932); life and career served as the basis for the 2004 film The Aviator
 * Tim League, 1992, founder of Alamo Drafthouse Cinema, a high end theatre chain, and Drafthouse Films, film distributor
 * Mike MacRae, 1999, voice actor, comedian
 * Gus Sorola (attended), Machinima artist and founding member of Rooster Teeth

History and journalism

 * William Broyles Jr., 1966, founder of Texas Monthly; former editor in chief at Newsweek; screenwriter of Apollo 13, Cast Away, Unfaithful, Flags of Our Fathers
 * Gwynne Dyer, M.A. 1966, journalist, syndicated columnist and military historian; Senior Lecturer in War Studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst (1973–1977)
 * John Graves, 1942, nature writer, Goodbye to a River
 * Jo Ling Kent, 2006, NBC News correspondent
 * Zack Kopplin, 2015, political activist, journalist, and television personality who came to fame during high school for publicly campaigning against the Louisiana Science Education Act, a creationism law; investigator for the Government Accountability Project
 * Michael Noer, 1992, executive news editor for Forbes.com
 * Steve Sailer, 1980, writer for Taki's Magazine and VDARE
 * Rosa Levin Toubin, Jewish Texan historian, civic leader and philanthropist
 * Lamar White, 2005, investigative journalist known for his work on racism and political corruption in the Deep South

Literature

 * Candace Bushnell (attended), author of Sex and the City
 * Eva Hoffman, 1967, author, Lost in Translation, Shtetl: The Life and Death of a Small Town and the World of Polish Jews, The Secret: A Novel, After Such Knowledge
 * Larry McMurtry, M.A. 1960, Pulitzer Prize-winning author, known for Lonesome Dove, The Last Picture Show, and Terms of Endearment; won Oscar for Brokeback Mountain screenplay
 * Elizabeth Moon, 1968, author, The Deed of Paksenarrion, Winning Colors
 * Joyce Carol Oates (attended), author; Princeton creative writing professor; dropped out of English PhD program after publishing in Best American Short Stories
 * John Pipkin, PhD 1997, novelist

Music

 * Lola Astanova, Master's 2005, summa cum laude, Russian-born classical pianist
 * Rebecca Carrington, Masters in Music, British "music comedian"
 * Carl P. Daw Jr., Episcopalian priest; director of the Hymn Society in the United States and Canada; researcher and authority on sacred music
 * Gabriela Frank (born 1972), pianist and composer of contemporary classical music
 * Caroline Shaw, 2004, Pulitzer Prize-winning musician
 * Kate Soper, 2003, Pulitzer Prize-finalist musician

Visual art

 * Mark Flood, 1981, contemporary artist
 * Robert S. Martin, 1971, librarian; member of National Council for the Humanities; former director of Institute of Museum & Library Services; 2008 recipient of Presidential Citizens Medal

Business

 * Brian Armstrong, 2005 and 2006, founder and CEO of Coinbase
 * George R. Brown, 1920, founder of Brown and Root, one of the world's largest construction firms
 * Thomas H. Cruikshank, former chairman and CEO of Halliburton
 * Mark Dankberg, 1976, co-founder and CEO, ViaSat
 * L. John Doerr, 1973, venture capitalist at Kleiner, Perkins, Caufield & Byers; CEO of Silicon Compilers; co-founder of the @Home Network; on the board of directors of Intuit, Amazon.com, PalmOne, Sun Microsystems, Google, and Segway
 * Charles Duncan, 1947, former president, Coca-Cola; former Secretary of Energy under Jimmy Carter (1979–1981)
 * Mark Durcan, 1984, CEO of Micron Technology
 * Lynn Elsenhans, chairman and CEO of Sunoco
 * Kevin Harvey, 1987, founding member and general partner at Benchmark, a Silicon Valley venture capital firm
 * Howard Hughes (attended), richest man in the world in 1976
 * Steve Jackson, 1974, founder of Steve Jackson Games
 * Ken Kennedy, 1967, founder of Center for Research on Parallel Computation, the High Performance Fortran Forum; co-chair of the President's Information Technology Advisory Committee with Bill Joy of Sun Microsystems
 * Ali Yıldırım Koç, 1990, Koç Holding member; 37th president of Turkish multisport club Fenerbahçe S.K.
 * Fred C. Koch (attended), founder of Koch Industries, one of the largest private companies in the United States
 * James E. Lyon, Houston developer and Republican politician
 * Cal McNair, 1995, chairman and CEO of the Houston Texans NFL franchise
 * Arun Netravali, 1969 and 1971, pioneer of digital technology including HDTV; former president of Bell Laboratories and Chief Scientist for Lucent Technologies
 * David Rhodes, 1996, president of CBS News; former head of U.S. television for Bloomberg
 * Hector Ruiz, 1972, president and CEO of AMD
 * James Treybig, 1963 and 1964, founder of Tandem Computers
 * Jim Turley, 1977 and 1978, chairman and CEO of Ernst & Young
 * Jim Whitehurst, 1989, president and CEO of Red Hat
 * Glenn Youngkin, 1990, former co-CEO of The Carlyle Group

Astronauts

 * Nichole Ayers, 2021, NASA astronaut candidate for NASA Astronaut Group 23
 * John S. Bull, 1957, BS in mechanical engineering, NASA astronaut
 * Takao Doi, PhD 2004, NASA astronaut
 * Jeffrey A. Hoffman, Masters in materials science, 1988, NASA astronaut
 * Tamara E. Jernigan, PhD 1988, NASA astronaut
 * James H. Newman, 1982 and 1984, NASA astronaut
 * John D. Olivas, PhD 1996, NASA astronaut
 * Janice Voss, graduate work in Space Physics 1977–1978, NASA astronaut
 * Shannon Walker, Baker 1987, MA 1992, PhD 1993, NASA astronaut
 * Peggy Whitson, PhD 1986 NASA astronaut

NASA flight directors

 * Kwatsi Alibaruho MBA 2011, first African-American flight director in NASA history and the lead flight director for the last space shuttle mission
 * Wayne Hale, Hanszen 1976, mechanical engineering, Space Shuttle Flight Director for 40 missions between 1988 and 2003

Nobel laureates

 * Louis E. Brus, 1965, co-discoverer of quantum dots
 * Robert F. Curl Jr., 1954, co-discoverer of fullerenes
 * Robert Woodrow Wilson, 1957, co-discoverer of cosmic microwave background radiation

Other sciences

 * Jay Bailey, BA 1966, PhD 1969, pioneer of biochemical engineering
 * Andrew Dessler, Lovett 1986 climate change meteorologist
 * Mark Durcan, 1979–1984, Master of Chemical Engineering and a BS chemical engineering, chief executive officer at Micron Technology
 * David Eagleman, 1993, neuroscientist at Stanford University and author of Sum: Forty Tales from the Afterlives
 * Wanda Gass, 1978, electrical engineer who helped develop the first commercially viable digital signal processor at Texas Instruments
 * James E. Gunn, Baker 1961, astronomer at Princeton University, 1977 National Academy of Sciences  2009 recipient of the National Medal of Science
 * He Jiankui, PhD 2010, widely condemned geneticist who claimed to have created the world's first genome edited babies, Nana and Lulu
 * Dave Hyatt, Baker 1994, browser developer at Netscape and Apple
 * Howard Johnson, PhD 1982, electrical engineer
 * Riki Kobayashi, 1943, B.S., chemical engineering
 * Larry Lake, PhD 1973, petroleum engineer and member of the National Academy of Engineering
 * Amy Leventer, 1988, Ph.D., geology, marine biologist, micropaleontologist, Antarctic researcher
 * Frank L. Lewis, 1971, MEE.
 * George Whitelaw Mackey, 1938, mathematician, 1962 National Academy of Sciences
 * Diana McSherry, 1967, M.A., 1969, Ph.D., computer scientist, biophysicist
 * Jack Morava, 1968, mathematician
 * John Morgan, 1968, mathematician, 2013 National Academy of Sciences
 * Harold E. Rorschach Jr., professor of physics at Rice (1952–1993), was the chairman of the physics department three times and principal investigator of the NASA interdisciplinary laboratory at Rice
 * Noah Rosenberg, 1997, geneticist working in evolutionary biology, mathematical phylogenetics, and population genetics, and the Stanford Professor of Population Genetics and Society
 * Steven Schafersman, 1983 PhD in geology, president of Texas Citizens for Science
 * Dorry Segev, Israeli-born Marjory K. and Thomas Pozefsky Professor of Surgery at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Professor of Epidemiology at Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, and Associate Vice Chair of the Department of Surgery at Johns Hopkins Hospital
 * Fred I. Stalkup, 1957 BS in chemical engineering, 1961 Ph.D. chemical engineering noted for work in enhanced oil recovery, member of the National Academy of Engineering
 * Dennis Sullivan, 1963 BA in mathematics, mathematician at Stony Brook University and CUNY grad school; recipient of the 2004 National Medal of Science; 2010 Wolf Prize in Mathematics; 2022 Abel Prize
 * Powtawche Valerino, PhD 2005, mechanical engineer at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory who worked on the Cassini mission

Academia

 * Daniel Albright, 1967, Harvard University English professor
 * Walter L. Buenger, Ph.D. 1979, historian at Texas A&M University
 * Nancy Cole, 1964, educational psychologist
 * Cristle Collins Judd, B.M./M.M. 1983, 11th President of Sarah Lawrence College
 * Gwynne Dyer, 1973–1977, Senior Lecturer in War Studies at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst
 * Nikta Fakhri, PhD 2011, Professor of Physics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology
 * Shriram Krishnamurthi, PhD 2000, professor of computer science at Brown University and developer of the Racket programming language
 * R. Bowen Loftin, Ph.D. 1975, 22nd chancellor of the University of Missouri, and 24th President of Texas A&M University.
 * Bennett McCallum, B.A. 1957, B.S. 1958, Ph.D. 1969, monetary economist and professor at the Tepper School of Business
 * Kannan Moudgalya, PhD 1985, professor of Chemical Engineering at IITB
 * Amos Rapoport, 1957, professor, pschologist, architect and one of the founders of Environment-Behavior Studies
 * Robert K. Ritner, 1975, Egyptologist at the University of Chicago
 * Roland W. Schmitt, Ph.D. 1951, President of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (1988–1993)
 * William Sidis (1898–1944) child prodigy with exceptional mathematical and linguistic skills, for which he was active as a mathematician, linguist, historian, author, researcher, and student and teacher at Rice
 * Namita Gupta Wiggers, 1989, expert in the field of contemporary craft, curator, educator and writer

Religion

 * The Rt. Rev. Scott Field Bailey, 1938, bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of West Texas
 * The Rev. Carl P. Daw Jr., Will Rice 1966, executive director of the Hymn Society in the United States and Canada
 * The Rt. Rev. Claude Edward Payne, 1954, 1955, bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Texas
 * The Rt. Rev. Steven Tighe, 1978, bishop of the Anglican Diocese of the Southwest

Baseball

 * David Aardsma, 2003, MLB pitcher, 22nd overall pick of the San Francisco Giants
 * Lance Berkman, 1997, six-time All-Star Major League baseball player for the Houston Astros
 * Norm Charlton, 1984, Major League Baseball player
 * Bubba Crosby, 1998, Major League Baseball player for the New York Yankees
 * José Cruz Jr., 1993, Major League Baseball player
 * Tyler Duffey, Major League Baseball player for the Minnesota Twins
 * Brock Holt, 2009, Major League Baseball utility player for the Boston Red Sox
 * Philip Humber, 2004, Major League Baseball player, 3rd overall pick of the New York Mets; pitched a perfect game in 2012
 * Jeff Niemann, 2004, Major League Baseball pitcher, 4th overall pick of the Tampa Bay Devil Rays
 * Anthony Rendon, 2011, Major League Baseball first-round draft choice of the Washington Nationals

Basketball

 * Morris Almond, 2007, NBA guard, 25th overall pick of the Utah Jazz
 * Suleiman Braimoh (born 1989), Nigerian-American basketball player in the Israel Basketball Premier League
 * Egor Koulechov (born 1994), Israeli-Russian professional basketball player for Israeli team Ironi Nahariya
 * Ricky Pierce, 1983, NBA guard, 1983–1998; NBA All-Star 1991; NBA Sixth Man of the Year Award 1987 and 1990
 * Mike Wilks, 2001, NBA guard 2002–09

Football

 * Tony Barker, 1992, former NFL player for the Washington Redskins
 * Chris Boswell, NFL placekicker, Pittsburgh Steelers
 * O.J. Brigance, 1991, former NFL player
 * James Casey, NFL tight end/fullback for the Houston Texans
 * Patrick Dendy, NFL player, Green Bay Packers
 * Buddy Dial, end, College Football Hall of Fame inductee 1993, All-Pro 1961, 1963
 * Jarett Dillard, 2008, Jacksonville Jaguars wide receiver
 * Michael Downs, 1981, NFL All-Pro safety, Dallas Cowboys
 * Emmanuel Ellerbee, 2018, NFL linebacker for the Atlanta Falcons
 * Jack Fox, 2019, NFL punter for the Detroit Lions
 * Courtney Hall, 1989, NFL offensive lineman, 1989 2nd round draft pick of the San Diego Chargers
 * King Hill, quarterback, top pick in first round of 1958 NFL Draft
 * Billy Howton, NFL's former all-time receiving leader, Green Bay Packers and Dallas Cowboys
 * Weldon Humble, guard, College Football Hall of Fame Inductee, 1961
 * Larry Izzo, 3-time Pro Bowl LB/special teams captain for the New England Patriots, Super Bowl Champions 2002, 2004, 2005
 * N.D. Kalu, NFL defensive end for the Houston Texans
 * Tommy Kramer, NFL quarterback, named to Pro Bowl while playing for the Minnesota Vikings
 * Don Maynard, wide receiver, Pro Football Hall of Fame inductee
 * Will McClay, coach of the Dallas Desperados, an Arena Football League team
 * Vance McDonald, 2013, NFL tight end
 * Dicky Moegle, 1954, halfback, inducted into Cotton Bowl Classic Hall of Fame in 1998; College Football Hall of Fame Inductee, 1979
 * Cheta Ozougwu, defensive end for Chicago Bears, 2011 Mr. Irrelevant
 * Tobin Rote, quarterback of 1957 NFL Champion Detroit Lions and 1963 AFL Champion San Diego Chargers
 * Frank Beall Ryan, 1958, PhD 1965, NFL quarterback; textbook author; Yale athletic director; appeared on cover of Sports Illustrated, January 4, 1965
 * James Williams, end and kicker
 * Luke Willson, 2013, NFL tight end

Tennis

 * Sam Match (1923–2010), tennis player; won the NCAA doubles championship with Rice University in 1947
 * Harold Solomon (born 1952), professional tennis player ranked as high as number 5 in the world

Track and field

 * Andrea Blackett, 1997, Barbados Olympic hurdler and 1998 Commonwealth Games 400 m hurdles champion
 * Jason Colwick, 2010, two-time NCAA champion in pole vault
 * Fred Hansen, 1963, NCAA champion in pole vault, gold medalist at 1964 Summer Olympics, world record holder
 * Dave Roberts, 1974, bronze medalist in pole vault at 1976 Summer Olympics, and former world record holder (twice) in pole vault
 * Sean Wade, Master Runner of the Year; coach of the cross country team at The Kinkaid School

Other

 * Adi Bichman, 2001, Israeli freestyle and medley swimmer
 * Robert L. Leuschner Jr., 1957, graduated as a chemical engineer, but after joining the NROTC at Rice, pursued a distinguished career in the U.S. Navy, attaining the rank of rear admiral
 * Sam McGuffie, 2013, member of the 2018 U.S. Olympic men's bobsleigh team as a push crewman for the four man bobsled and brakeman for the two-man bobsled

Miscellaneous

 * Bill Arhos, KLRU station manager, program director; Austin City Limits executive producer
 * John Bradshaw, author and motivational speaker
 * Amanda Goad, Scripps National Spelling Bee champion
 * Henry Masterson III, National Medal of Arts recipient

Nobel laureates

 * Robert F. Curl Jr. (also an alumnus of Rice), professor of chemistry, awarded 1996 in chemistry for the discovery of fullerenes
 * Hermann Joseph Muller, professor of biology, awarded 1946 in physiology or medicine for the discovery for X-ray mutagenesis
 * Roger Penrose, former Rice University’s Edgar Odell Lovett Professor of Mathematics, awarded 2020 in physics for the discovery that black hole formation is a robust prediction of the general theory of relativity
 * Richard Smalley, professor of chemistry, awarded 1996 in chemistry for the discovery of fullerenes
 * Robert Woodrow Wilson, senior scientist, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics; awarded 1978 in physics for the discovery of cosmic microwave background radiation

Other faculty

 * Hanan Ashrawi, Palestinian scholar and activist
 * Richard Baraniuk, professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering
 * Tani E. Barlow, feminist scholar
 * Earl Black, political science professor
 * Solomon Bochner, mathematician
 * Elias Bongmba, professor of Religious Studies
 * Douglas Brinkley, award-winning historian
 * Bun B (guest lecturer), rapper
 * C. Sidney Burrus, electrical engineer
 * B. Jill Carroll, professor of Religious Studies
 * Suchan Chae, Korean politician and economics professor
 * Franklin Chang-Diaz, former NASA astronaut
 * Justin Cronin, author and professor of English
 * Rajdeep Dasgupta, professor of Planetary Studies
 * Gerald R. Dickens, professor of Earth Science
 * Edward Djerejian, diplomat
 * Jack Dongarra, 2021 Turing Award Winner and Adjunct Professor of Computer Science
 * Elaine Howard Ecklund, professor of Sociology
 * Eilaf Egap, assistant professor of Materials Science
 * Paul Ellison, bass musician
 * Mark Embree, mathematician
 * Matthias Felleisen, former professor of computer science who co-invented A-normal form and led the development of the Racket programming language
 * Ariel Fernandez, physical chemist
 * Naomi Halas, professor of biochemical engineering, chemistry and physics
 * Mauro Hamza (born 1965 or 1966), Egyptian fencing coach
 * Mikki Hebl, professor of psychology and management
 * Julian Huxley, evolutionary biologist
 * Ken Kennedy, computer scientist
 * Anne C. Klein, professor of Religious Studies and Buddhist scholar
 * Riki Kobayashi, chemical engineer
 * Jeffrey Kurtzman, pianist and musicologist
 * Sydney Lamb, linguist
 * Neal Lane, physicist and former director of the National Science Foundation
 * Robert Lewis, actor, director and co-founder of the Actors Studio
 * Qilin Li, environmental engineer
 * Cho-Liang Lin, violinist and soloist
 * D. Michael Lindsay, sociologist
 * Andreas Luttge, professor of Earth Science and Chemistry
 * George Marcus, anthropologist
 * Guy T. McBride, chemical engineer
 * Brian O'Brien, space scientist
 * Zevi Salsburg, chemist and mathematician This ['old'] version of a "footnote" was copied from [the "ref" tag for] the first footnote in the "Latest revision as of 19:48, 16 August 2022" version of the article about the "Rice Institute Computer":  (mostly written in [or before] 1994, and archived by the Wayback Machine during 2008);  but "see also" (this might be a slightly newer or different version):
 * Ann Saterbak, professor of biomedical engineering
 * Scott Sonenshein, organizational psychologist
 * Monroe K. Spears (1916–1998), Libbie Shearn Moody Professor of English at Rice University 1964–1986
 * Robert M. Stein, political scientist
 * Robert B. Stobaugh, economics writer
 * Yizhi Jane Tao, biochemist
 * Richard Tapia, mathematician and winner of the National Medal of Science
 * James Tour, chemist and nanotechnologist
 * Frank Vandiver, American Civil War historian and university president
 * Moshe Vardi, Israeli mathematician and computer scientist
 * William F. Walker, engineer and university president
 * Martin Wiener, historian
 * Peter Wolynes, professor of chemistry
 * Susan Wood, poet and professor of English
 * Stephen A. Zeff, accounting historian

Staff

 * John Heisman, for whom the coveted Heisman Trophy is named; football coach, 1924–1927, College Football Hall of Fame inductee, 1954
 * Jess Neely, football coach 1940–1966, College Football Hall of Fame inductee, 1971

Presidents of Rice

 * 1) Edgar Odell Lovett (president founding to 1946)
 * 2) William V. Houston (president 1946–1961)
 * 3) Kenneth Pitzer (president 1961–1968)
 * 4) Norman Hackerman (president 1970–1985)
 * 5) George Rupp (president 1985–1993)
 * 6) Malcolm Gillis (president 1993–2004)
 * 7) David Leebron (president 2004 to 2022)
 * 8) Reginald DesRoches (president 2022 to present)

title: List of Rice University people


text:
Gus O'Donnell

Augustine Thomas O'Donnell, Baron O'Donnell, (born 1 October 1952) is a former British senior civil servant and economist, who between 2005 and 2011 (under three Prime Ministers) served as the Cabinet Secretary, the highest official in the British Civil Service.

O'Donnell announced after the 2010 General Election that he would step down within that Parliament and did so at the end of 2011. His post was then split into three positions: he was succeeded as Cabinet Secretary by Sir Jeremy Heywood, as Head of the Home Civil Service by Sir Bob Kerslake (in a part-time role), and as Permanent Secretary in the Cabinet Office by Ian Watmore. Whilst Cabinet Secretary, he was regularly referred to within the Civil Service, and subsequently in the popular press, as GOD; this was mainly because of his initials. In 2012, he joined Frontier Economics as a senior advisor.

Background
O'Donnell was born and raised in south London. Educated at Salesian College, Battersea, he read Economics at the University of Warwick before taking his MPhil degree at Nuffield College, Oxford. He was a lecturer at the University of Glasgow in the Political Economy Department from 1975 until 1979, when he joined the Treasury as an economist.

In 1985, O'Donnell joined the British Embassy in Washington, serving as the First Secretary of the Economics division for four years. In 1989 he became press secretary for the Chancellor of the Exchequer before transferring next door to serve as press secretary to the prime minister from 1990 to 1994.

From 1997 to 1998, O'Donnell was the United Kingdom's executive director to both the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, again in Washington, before returning to HM Treasury to serve as both director of Macroeconomic Policy and Prospects and also head of the Government Economics Service, with overall responsibility for the professional economists in Her Majesty's Government. A year later, in 1999, he was appointed managing director of Macroeconomic Policy and International Finance, with responsibility for Fiscal Policy, International Development, and European Union Economic and Monetary Union.

Cabinet Secretary and Head of the Civil Service
On 8 July 2002, O'Donnell took over from Sir Andrew Turnbull as Permanent Secretary of the Treasury following the appointment of Sir Andrew as Cabinet Secretary. Three years later, on 15 June 2005, it was announced that O'Donnell would again replace Turnbull, this time as Cabinet Secretary, on the latter's imminent retirement. He took up office in August 2005.

O'Donnell is known for his "wondrous interpersonal gifts" and his informal style. He regularly visited Civil Service departments outside London "to meet civil servants at work".

During his time as Cabinet Secretary, his authority was seen as absolute, giving rise to the affectionate nickname "GOD" based on his initials as they appeared in Government papers.

The annual remuneration for this position was £235,000.

In his role as Cabinet Secretary, O'Donnell was responsible for overseeing the review of Christopher Meyer's controversial memoirs, DC Confidential, in November 2005. The previous month he had told the Public Administration Select Committee that it was "wrong" for civil servants to publish personal memoirs.

Channel 4 News on 10 August 2010 had reported that O'Donnell would leave his post before the end of the current Parliament.

In January 2011, it emerged that O'Donnell had decided not to publish correspondence sent between Tony Blair and George W Bush prior to the 2003 invasion. The papers were, however, provided to the Iraq Inquiry itself. His reasoning is explained in several documents between himself and Sir John Chilcot.

In November 2010, O'Donnell published a draft copy of the Cabinet manual. This document outlines the laws, rules and conventions that apply to the British executive.

On 11 October 2011, it was announced by Downing Street that O'Donnell was to retire at the end of the year. His successor was announced as the Downing Street Permanent Secretary Jeremy Heywood. However the roles of Cabinet Secretary, Head of the Civil Service and Permanent Secretary at the Cabinet Office were split.

On 22 December 2011, O'Donnell said that the future of the Union is one of several "enormous challenges" facing the political establishment in the coming years. "Over the next few years there will be enormous challenges, such as whether to keep our kingdom united," he warns officials and politicians.

Post-Cabinet Secretary
In addition to being the chair of Frontier Economics, O'Donnell is visiting professor to the London School of Economics and University College London.

He is a trustee of the Economist Group.

He is a strategic adviser to the chief executive of Toronto Dominion Bank, a fellow of the Institute for Government and was the chairman of the Commission on Wellbeing at the Legatum Institute.

In 2015, he was co-author of the report that launched the Global Apollo Programme, which calls for developed nations to commit to spending 0.02% of their GDP for 10 years, to fund co-ordinated research to make carbon-free baseload electricity less costly than electricity from coal by 2025.

Wellbeing movement
O'Donnell has been a leader in the wellbeing and happiness movements. He chaired the development group of founding partners setting up the What Works Centre for Wellbeing. He is a supporter of Action for Happiness, and has spoken at the University of Oxford Wellbeing Research Centre's Wellbeing Research & Policy Conference.

Peerage
On 10 January 2012, O'Donnell was created a life peer as Baron O'Donnell, of Clapham in the London Borough of Wandsworth, and was introduced in the House of Lords, where he sits as a crossbencher, on 12 January 2012. In his first speech in the House of Lords, in June 2012, he warned that too many Treasury officials were leaving, that staff are underpaid, and that the Treasury may be struggling to address the problems caused by the ongoing global financial turmoil.

Political views
O'Donnell supports a liberal immigration policy, saying in 2011 that "[w]hen I was at the Treasury I argued for the most open door possible to immigration … I think it's my job to maximise global welfare not national welfare." He has repeated this view in a milder form in newspaper articles, and thinks that his views about immigration are in the interests of the average British person, notwithstanding some short-term losers.

In July 2017 he warned that "there was no way Brexit would happen smoothly."

Personal interests
O'Donnell is a keen sportsman, having played football for the University of Warwick First XI and for Oxford, earning two Blues in 1973/4 and 1974/5. While Permanent Secretary at the Treasury he won a football medal at the annual Civil Service Sports Day—the first Permanent Secretary to do so. He has played for the Mandarins Cricket Club for many years, the third Cabinet Secretary to do so (the others being Sir Robin Butler and Sir Andrew Turnbull). He is a supporter of Manchester United.

In 2010, The Tablet named him as one of Britain's most influential Roman Catholics.

O'Donnell was formerly a governor of his alma mater, Salesian College, Battersea.

Honours
O'Donnell has received several appointments to the Most Honourable Order of the Bath: he was appointed Companion (CB) in the 1994 New Year Honours, Knight Commander (KCB) in the 2005 Birthday Honours and Knight Grand Cross (GCB) in the 2011 Birthday Honours. The Parliamentary Public Administration Committee cited the example of at least one of O'Donnell's appointments (his knighthood) to the Order as automatic honours granted due to his position and not for exceptional service, although it is not specified if all of his honours were granted solely due to his position or if some were due to exceptional service.

In 2014, O'Donnell was elected an honorary fellow of the British Academy. In 2016, he was elected a fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences (FAcSS).

title: Gus O'Donnell


text:
User talk:Denis Murphy

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title: User talk:Denis Murphy


text:
Will Ohman

William McDaniel Ohman (born August 13, 1977) is a German–born American former professional baseball pitcher. He attended Ponderosa High school in Parker, Colorado. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs, Atlanta Braves, Los Angeles Dodgers, Baltimore Orioles, Florida Marlins and Chicago White Sox. In January 2018, Ohman was named the pitching coach for the Palm Beach Cardinals.

College career
He played for Pepperdine University in the late 1990s, where he met his wife.

Chicago Cubs
Ohman was selected in the eighth round of the 1998 MLB draft by the Chicago Cubs. He spent all of 1998 and 1999 in the Cubs minor league system.

Ohman made his major league debut on September 19, 2000 against the Milwaukee Brewers, pitching one scoreless inning of relief. He also pitched for the Cubs in 2001, but had Tommy John surgery in 2002 and did not pitch again until 2004. In 2004, he pitched for the minor league Iowa Cubs and in the following off-season, he was added to the Major League 40 man roster. On April 26, 2005, he was called up from the minors and on the same day, made his major league first pitching appearance since 2001. Ohman also recorded the Opening Day win for the Cubs on April 2, 2006.

Atlanta Braves
On December 4, 2007, Ohman was traded along with Omar Infante to the Atlanta Braves for José Ascanio. With Atlanta, Ohman enjoyed a successful season out of the Braves' bullpen, appearing in 83 games. He finished the season as one of the team's most successful relievers, with a record of 4-1 and an ERA of 3.68. He became a free agent at the conclusion of the season.

Los Angeles Dodgers
On March 30, 2009, Ohman signed a minor league contract with the Los Angeles Dodgers, and made the club out of spring training as a situational left-handed reliever.

However, Ohman only made 21 appearances with the Dodgers in 2009 and spent the last four months of the season on the disabled list after suffering a shoulder injury. The Dodgers declined his option on October 16 and he became a free agent.

Baltimore Orioles
Ohman was invited to the Orioles camp as a non-roster invitee. He made the team on April 3, 2010. He appeared in 51 games for the Orioles, with a 3.30 ERA.

Florida Marlins
On July 31, 2010, Ohman was dealt to the Florida Marlins in exchange for Rick VandenHurk. He appeared in 17 games for the Marlins, with a 3.00 ERA.

Chicago White Sox
On January 8, 2011, Ohman agreed to a 2-year, $4 million contract with the Chicago White Sox. He appeared in 59 games in 2011, with a 4.22 ERA. On June 28, 2012, Ohman was designated for assignment after appearing in 32 games with a record of 0-2 and an ERA of 6.41. He was released on July 3.

Cincinnati Reds
Ohman signed with the Cincinnati Reds on July 21, and was assigned to the Triple-A Louisville Bats.

Washington Nationals
Ohman signed a minor league contract with the Washington Nationals on February 11, 2013. He was released on March 9, 2013.

Coaching career
Ohman was named the pitching coach for the Palm Beach Cardinals in 2018.

Pitching style
Ohman's repertoire consisted mainly of four-seam and two-seam fastballs around 88–91 mph, as well as a slider at 79–82. He threw a handful of curveballs and changeups. Half of his pitches with two strikes were sliders.

title: Will Ohman


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Hans Forssell

Hans Ludvig Forssell (14 January 1843 – 2 August 1901) was a Swedish historian and political writer.

Biography
Hans Forssell was born at Gävle, Gästrikland, where his father, the clergyman Carl Adolf Forssell, taught in the gymnasium. At the age of sixteen he became a student at Uppsala University, where he distinguished himself, and where, in 1866, having taken the degree of doctor, he was appointed reader in history.

At the age of thirty, however, Forssell, who had already shown remarkable business capacity, was called to Stockholm, where he filled one important post after another in the Swedish civil service. In 1875, he was appointed head of the treasury, and in 1880 was transferred to the, department of inland revenue, of which he continued to be president until the time of his death. In addition to the responsibilities which these offices devolved upon him, Forssell was constantly called to serve on royal commissions, and his political influence was immense. In spite of all these public duties, which he carried through with the utmost diligence, Forssell also found leisure for an abundant literary activity.

Of his historical writings the most important were: Sveriges inre historia från Gustaf den förste, med särskildt afseende på förvaltning och ekonomi ("The Administrative and Economical History of Sweden after Gustavus I"; 1869–1875) and ''Sverige 1571. Försök till en administrativ-statistisk beskrifning...'' ("Sweden in 1571"; 1872). He was also for several years, in company with the poet Carl David af Wirsén, editor of the Swedish Literary Review. He published two volumes of Studies and Criticisms (1875, 1888). In the year 1881, at the death of the historian Anders Fryxell, Forssell was elected to the vacant seat on the Swedish Academy. He was also a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences from 1876.

The energy of Forssell was so great, and he understood so little the economy of strength, that he unquestionably overtaxed his vital force. His death, however, which occurred with great suddenness on 2 August 1901 while he was staying at San Bernardino in Switzerland, was wholly unexpected. There was little of the typical Swedish urbanity in Forssell's exterior manner, which was somewhat dry and abrupt. Like many able men who have from early life administered responsible public posts, there appeared a certain want of sympathy in his demands upon others. His views were distinct, and held with great firmness; for example, he was a free-trader, and his consistent opposition to what he called the new system had a considerable effect on Swedish policy. He was not exactly an attractive man, but he was a capable, upright and efficient public servant. In 1867 he married his cousin Hildegard Zuleima Eneroth, a goldsmith's daughter from Stockholm; she survived him, with two sons and two daughters.

title: Hans Forssell


text: User talk:83.116.100.71

title: User talk:83.116.100.71