text:
User talk:Indication

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Proposed deletion of Tyler Faith
A proposed deletion template has been added to the article Tyler Faith, suggesting that it be deleted according to the proposed deletion process. All contributions are appreciated, but this article may not satisfy Wikipedia's criteria for inclusion, and the deletion notice should explain why (see also "What Wikipedia is not" and Wikipedia's deletion policy). You may prevent the proposed deletion by removing the  notice, but please explain why you disagree with the proposed deletion in your edit summary or on its talk page.

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Proposed deletion of Barbie Griffin

The article Barbie Griffin has been proposed for deletion  because of the following concern:
 * No evidence of notability per WP:PORNBIO

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Nomination of Shyla Stylez for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Shyla Stylez is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Shyla Stylez& until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. gnu 57 20:56, 1 May 2020 (UTC)

Nomination of Ava Vincent for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article Ava Vincent is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/Ava Vincent until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article. ProcrasinatingReader (talk) 23:42, 6 June 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:Indication


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Lead Into Gold

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was speedy deleted by Mel Etitis (no content or context) --cesarb 01:50, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Lead Into Gold
Not much sense keeping this. Lord Voldemort 13:44, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. It's just some junk, not an article at all.  Douglas 13:49, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Vanity, delete, page should be a redirect to Alchemy Proto 13:50, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * It's a speedy delete, and I've speedily deleted it. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 14:22, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Huntington Park (Newport News, Virginia)

Huntington Park is a park located in Newport News, Virginia, US. It offers a beach, two fishing piers, gardens, tennis, and museums. It is run by the Newport News Department of Parks, Recreation and Tourism. It was formed through a 1924 donation to the city of Newport News by Henry E. Huntington.

Location
Huntington Park is located near the James River, and it is northwest to the James River Bridge.

Offerings
The park has several different activities available to visitors:

Fort Fun
Fort Fun is a playground built in 1992 in the park. A community group, the Huntington Park Playground Association, was established to develop the playground in the early 1990s. The playground was designed professionally, but with significant contributions from local children on what they wanted to see in their new playground. The playground was then built as a volunteer effort - over 1,000 people contributed their time and effort to getting the playground built. The original wooden Fort Fun was replaced with a metal and plastic playground structure in 2012.

Fishing Pier
The James River Fishing Pier is a privately managed saltwater fishing pier. It utilizes what remains of the old, 2-lane James River Bridge. It is popular year-round with local fishermen. There is a charge to fish this pier, currently $8.50 for adults and $6 for children.

There is also a Children's Fishing Pier, which utilizes Lake Biggins. This is a freshwater lake located in the park.

Tennis
The Huntington Park Tennis Center consists of twenty hardcourts. The courts are lighted for use at night. Several city tennis leagues are run at the Center, and instructional classes are available for all ages and skill levels. There is a tennis pro on staff at the center.

Beach
A moderately sized beach is located where the park meets the James River. The beach is staffed with lifeguards from Memorial Day to Labor Day. Concessions are available.

Museums and memorials
Three memorials, remembering servicemen who died in the Vietnam War, the Four Chaplains who gave up their lifejackets to save others in the sinking of the USAT Dorchester during World War II, and victims of the Holocaust, are located at the park. Huntington Park is also the location of the Virginia War Museum.


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Micro combined heat and power

Micro combined heat and power, micro-CHP, μCHP or mCHP is an extension of the idea of cogeneration to the single/multi family home or small office building in the range of up to 50 kW. Usual technologies for the production of heat and power in one common process are e.g. internal combustion engines, micro gas turbines, stirling engines or fuel cells.

Local generation has the potential for a higher efficiency than traditional grid-level generators since it lacks the 8-10% energy losses from transporting electricity over long distances. It also lacks the 10–15% energy losses from heat transport in heating networks due to the difference between the thermal energy carrier (hot water) and the colder external environment.

The most common systems use natural gas as their primary energy source and emit carbon dioxide; nevertheless the effective efficiency of CHP heat production is much higher than of a condensing boiler, and thus reducing emissions and fuel costs.

Overview
A micro-CHP system usually contains a small heat engine as a prime mover used to rotate a generator which provides electric power, while simultaneously utilizing the waste heat from the prime mover for an individual building's space heating and the provision of hot domestic water. With fuel cells there is no rotating machinery, but the fuel cell's stack and where applicable also the reformer will provide useful heat. The stack does generate DC power which is converted by DC/AC inverter into mains voltage. Micro-CHP is defined by the EU as less than 50 kW electrical power output, however, others have more restrictive definitions, all the way down to <5 kWe.

A micro-CHP generator may primarily follow heat demand, delivering electricity as the by-product, or may follow electrical demand to generate electricity, with heat as the by-product. When used primarily for heating, micro-CHP systems may generate more electricity than is instantaneously being demanded; the surplus is then fed into the grid.

The purpose of cogeneration is to make use of more of the chemical energy in the fuel. The reason for using CHP systems is that large thermal power plants which generate electric power by burning fuel produce between 40% and 60% low-temperature waste heat, due to Carnot's theorem. The temperature produced by this waste heat (around 80 °C - 150 °C) does allow it to be used for space heating purposes, therefore in some urban areas district heating networks have been installed. Heat networks have a limited extent, as it is not economical to transport heat long distances due to heat loss from the pipes, and it will not reach into areas of low population density, or else revenues per CAPEX will go down. Where no district heating is possible due to low heat demand density or because the local utility has not invested in costly heat networks, this thermal energy is usually wasted via cooling towers or discharged into rivers, lakes or the sea.

Micro CHP systems allow highly efficient cogeneration while using the waste heat even if the served heat load is rather low. This allows cogeneration to be used outside population centers, or even if there is no district heating network. It is efficient to generate the electricity near the place where the heat can also be used. Small power plants (μCHP) are located in individual buildings, where the heat can be used to support the heating system and recharge the hot domestic water tank, thus saving heating oil or heating gas. CHP systems are able to increase the total energy utilization of primary energy sources. Thus CHP has been steadily gaining popularity in all sectors of the energy economy, due to the increased costs of electricity and fuel, particularly fossil fuels, and due to environmental concerns, particularly climate change.

In a traditional power plant delivering electricity to consumers, about 34.4% of the primary energy of the input fuel, such as coal, natural gas, uranium, petroleum, solar thermal, or biomass, reaches the consumer via electricity, although the efficiency can be 20% for very old plants and 45% for newer gas plants. In contrast, a CHP system converts 15%–42% of the primary heat to electricity, and most of the remaining heat is captured for hot water or space heating. In total, over 90% of the heat from the primary energy source (LHV based) can be used when heat production does not exceed the thermal demand.

After the year 2000, micro-CHP has become cost effective in many markets around the world, due to rising energy costs. The development of micro-CHP systems has also been facilitated by recent technological developments of small heat engines. This includes improved performance and cost-effectiveness of fuel cells, Stirling engines, steam engines, gas turbines, diesel engines and Otto engines.

Combined heat and power (CHP) systems for homes or small commercial buildings are usually fueled by natural gas to produce electricity and heat. If no access to the natural gas network is available, which in general is the cheapest alternative, LPG, LNG or heating fuel (diesel) might be an alternative. The PEMFC fuel cell mCHP operates at low temperatures (50 to 100 °C) and needs high purity hydrogen. It is prone to contamination; changes are made to operate at higher temperatures and improvements on the fuel reformer. The SOFC fuel cell mCHP operates at a high temperature (500 to 1,000 °C) and can handle different fuel sources well, but the high temperature requires expensive materials to handle it; changes are made to operate at a lower temperature. Because of the higher temperature the SOFC in general has a longer start-up time and needs continuous heat output even at times when there is no thermal demand.

CHP systems linked to absorption chillers can use waste heat for refrigeration.

A 2013 UK report from Ecuity Consulting stated that MCHP is the most cost-effective method of utilizing gas to generate energy at the domestic level.

The fuel cell industry review stated in 2013 that with 64% of global sales the fuel cell micro-combined heat and power had passed the conventional engine-based micro-CHP systems in sales in 2012.

Technologies
Micro-CHP engine systems are currently based on several different technologies:
 * Internal combustion engines
 * Stirling engines
 * Fuel cell
 * Microturbines
 * Steam engine/Steam motor (using either the traditional water or organic chemicals such as refrigerants)

Fuels
There are many types of fuels and sources of heat that may be considered for micro-CHP. The properties of these sources vary in terms of system cost, heat cost, environmental effects, convenience, ease of transportation and storage, system maintenance, and system life. Some of the heat sources and fuels that are being considered for use with micro-CHP include: natural gas, LPG, biomass, vegetable oil (such as rapeseed oil), woodgas, solar thermal, and lately also hydrogen, as well as multi-fuel systems. The energy sources with the lowest emissions of particulates and net-carbon dioxide include solar power, hydrogen, biomass (with two-stage gasification into biogas), and natural gas. Due to the high efficiency of the CHP process, cogeneration has still lower carbon emissions compared to energy transformation in fossil driven boilers or thermal power plants.

The majority of cogeneration systems use natural gas for fuel, because natural gas burns easily and cleanly, it can be inexpensive, it is available in most areas and is easily transported through pipelines which already exist for over 60 million homes.

Engine types
Reciprocating internal combustion engines are the most popular type of engine used in micro-CHP systems. Reciprocating internal combustion engine based systems can be sized such that the engine operates at a single fixed speed, usually resulting in a higher electrical or total efficiency. However, since reciprocating internal combustion engines have the ability to modulate their power output by changing their operating speed and fuel input, micro-CHP systems based on these engines can have varying electrical and thermal output designed to meet changing demand.

Natural gas is suitable for internal combustion engines, such as Otto engine and gas turbine systems. Gas turbines are used in many small systems due to their high efficiency, small size, clean combustion, durability and low maintenance requirements. Gas turbines designed with foil bearings and air-cooling operate without lubricating oil or coolants. The waste heat of gas turbines is mostly in the exhaust, whereas the waste heat of reciprocating internal combustion engines is split between the exhaust and cooling system.

External combustion engines can run on any high-temperature heat source. These engines include the Stirling engine, hot "gas" turbocharger, and the steam engine. Both range from 10%-20% efficiency, and as of 2014, small quantities are in production for micro-CHP products.

Other possibilities include the Organic Rankine cycle, which operates at lower temperatures and pressures using low-grade heat sources. The primary advantage to this is that the equipment is essentially an air-conditioning or refrigeration unit operating as an engine, whereby the piping and other components need not be designed for extreme temperatures and pressures, reducing cost and complexity. Electrical efficiency suffers, but it is presumed that such a system would be utilizing waste heat or a heat source such as a wood stove or gas boiler that would exist anyway for purposes of space heating.

The future of combined heat and power, particularly for homes and small businesses, will continue to be affected by the price of fuel, including natural gas. As fuel prices continue to climb, this will make the economics more favorable for energy conservation measures, and more efficient energy use, including CHP and micro-CHP.

Fuel cells
Fuel cells generate electricity and heat as a by product. The advantages for a stationary fuel cell application over stirling CHP are no moving parts, less maintenance, and quieter operation. The surplus electricity can be delivered back to the grid.

PEMFC fuel cells fueled by natural gas or propane use a steam reformer to convert methane in the gas supply into carbon dioxide and hydrogen; the hydrogen then reacts with oxygen in the fuel cell to produce electricity. A PEMFC fuel cell based micro-CHP has an electrical efficiency of 37% LHV and 33% HHV and a heat recovery efficiency of 52% LHV and 47% HHV with a service life of 40,000 hours or 4000 start/stop cycles which is equal to 10 year use. An estimated 138,000 Fuel cell CHP systems below 1 kW had been installed in Japan by the end of 2014. Most of these CHP systems are PEMFC based (85%) and the remaining are SOFC systems.

In 2013 Lifetime is around 60,000 hours. For PEM fuel cell units, which shut down at night, this equates to an estimated lifetime of between ten and fifteen years.

United States Department of Energy (DOE) Technical Targets: 1–10 kW residential combined heat and power fuel cells operating on natural gas. 1 Standard utility natural gas delivered at typical residential distribution line pressures. 2 Regulated AC net/lower heating value of fuel. 3 Only heat available at 80 °C or higher is included in CHP energy efficiency calculation. 4 Cost includes materials and labor costs to produce stack, plus any balance of plant necessary for stack operation. Cost defined at 50,000 unit/year production (250 MW in 5 kW modules). 5 Based on operating cycle to be released in 2010. 6 Time until >20% net power degradation.

Thermoelectrics
Thermoelectric generators operating on the Seebeck Effect show promise due to their total absence of moving parts. Efficiency, however, is the major concern as most thermoelectric devices fail to achieve 5% efficiency even with high temperature differences.

CPVT
This can be achieved by Photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collector, another option is Concentrated photovoltaics and thermal (CPVT), also sometimes called combined heat and power solar (CHAPS), is a cogeneration technology used in concentrated photovoltaics that produce both electricity and heat in the same module. The heat may be employed in district heating, water heating and air conditioning, desalination or process heat.

CPVT systems are currently in production in Europe, with Zenith Solar developing CPVT systems with a claimed efficiency of 72%.

Sopogy produces a micro concentrated solar power (microCSP) system based on parabolic trough which can be installed above building or homes, the heat can be used for water heating or solar air conditioning, a steam turbine can also be installed to produce electricity.

CHP+PV
The recent development of small scale CHP systems has provided the opportunity for in-house power backup of residential-scale photovoltaic (PV) arrays. The results of a recent study show that a PV+CHP hybrid system not only has the potential to radically reduce energy waste in the status quo electrical and heating systems, but it also enables the share of solar PV to be expanded by about a factor of five. In some regions, in order to reduce waste from excess heat, an absorption chiller has been proposed to utilize the CHP-produced thermal energy for cooling of PV-CHP system. These trigen+PV systems have the potential to save even more energy.

Net metering
To date, micro-CHP systems achieve much of their savings, and thus attractiveness to consumers, by the value of electrical energy which is replaced by the autoproduced electricity. A "generate-and-resell" or net metering model supports this, as home-generated power exceeding the instantaneous in-home needs is sold back to the electrical utility. This system is efficient because the energy used is distributed and used instantaneously over the electrical grid. The main losses are in the transmission from the source to the consumer, which will typically be less than the losses incurred by storing energy locally or generating power at less than the peak efficiency of the micro-CHP system. So, from a purely technical standpoint dynamic demand management and net-metering are very efficient.

Another advantage of net-metering is that it is fairly easy to configure. The user's electrical meter can easily record electrical energy exiting as well as entering the home or business. For a grid with relatively few micro-CHP users, no design changes to the electrical grid need be made. Additionally, in the United States, federal and now many state regulations require utility operators to compensate anyone adding power to the grid. From the standpoint of the grid operator, these points present operational and technical as well as administrative burdens. As a consequence, most grid operators compensate non-utility power-contributors at less than or equal to the rate they charge their customers. While this compensation scheme may seem almost fair at first glance, it only represents the consumer's cost-savings of not purchasing utility power versus the true cost of generation and operation to the micro-CHP operator. Thus from the standpoint of micro-CHP operators, net-metering is not ideal.

While net-metering is a very efficient mechanism for using excess energy generated by a micro-CHP system, it does have disadvantages: while the main generating source on the electrical grid is a large commercial generator, net-metering generators "spill" power to the smart grid in a haphazard and unpredictable fashion. However, the effect is negligible if there are only a small percentage of customers generating electricity and each of them generates a relatively small amount of electricity. When turning on an oven or space heater, about the same amount of electricity is drawn from the grid as a home generator puts out. If the percentage of homes with generating systems becomes large, then the effect on the grid may become significant. Coordination among the generating systems in homes and the rest of the grid may be necessary for reliable operation and to prevent damage to the grid.

Japan
The largest deployment of micro-CHP is in Japan in 2009 with over 90,000 units in place, with the vast majority being of Honda's "ECO-WILL" type. Six Japanese energy companies launched the 300 W–1 kW PEMFC/SOFC ENE FARM product in 2009, with 3,000 installed units in 2008, a production target of 150,000 units for 2009–2010 and a target of 2,500,000 units in 2030. 20,000 units were sold in 2012 overall within the Ene Farm project making an estimated total of 50,000 PEMFC and up to 5,000 SOFC installations. For 2013 a state subsidy for 50,000 units is in place. The ENE FARM project will pass 100.000 systems in 2014, 34.213 PEMFC and 2.224 SOFC were installed in the period 2012–2014, 30,000 units on LNG and 6,000 on LPG.

ECOWILL
Sold by various gas companies and as of 2013, installed in a total of 131,000 homes. Manufactured by Honda using their single cylinder EXlink engine capable of burning natural gas or propane. Each unit produces 1 kW of electricity and 2.8 kW of hot water.

PEMFC

 * Per December 2012, Panasonic and Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. sold about 21,000 PEM Ene-Farm units in Japan for a price of $22,600 before installation.
 * Toshiba and Osaka Gas Co., Ltd./Nichigas installed 6,500 PEM ENE FARM units (manufactured by CHOFU SEISAKUSHO Co., Ltd. ) per November 2011.

SOFC

 * In the middle of 2012, JX Nippon Oil Co. & Sanyo and Seibu Gas Energy Co. sold around 4,000 SOFC Ene Farm units.
 * Aisin Seiki in combination with Osaka Gas, Kyocera, Toyota and Chofu Seisakusho started in April 2012 with the sales of the SOFC ENE-FARM Type S for around $33,500 before installation.
 * NGK is a manufacturer of 700W-1 kW mCHP units.
 * Miura Kogyo and Sumitomo Precision Products with a 4.2 kW unit.
 * Toto Ltd.

South Korea
In South Korea, subsidies will start at 80 percent of the cost of a domestic fuel cell. The Renewable Portfolio Standard program with renewable energy certificates runs from 2012 to 2022. Quota systems favor large, vertically integrated generators and multinational electric utilities, if only because certificates are generally denominated in units of one megawatt-hour. They are also more difficult to design and implement than a Feed-in tariff. Around 350 residential mCHP units were installed in 2012.

 * PEMFC by GS FuelCell, FuelCell Power, Hyundai Hysco JV with Plug Power and Hyosung,
 * SOFC by KEPRI, LS Industrial Systems (from ClearEdge Power), Samsung Everland (ClearEdge Power).
 * MCFC by POSCO Energy (FuelCell Energy) and Doosan.
 * PAFC Doosan Fuel Cell America
 * AFC AFC Energy

Europe
The European public–private partnership Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Joint Undertaking Seventh Framework Programme project ene.field aims to deploy by 2017 up 1,000 residential fuel cell Combined Heat and Power (micro-CHP) installations in 12 EU member states.
 * The programme brings together 9 mature European micro FC-CHP manufacturers into a common analysis framework to deliver trials across all of the available fuel cell CHP technologies. Fuel cell micro-CHP trials will be installed and actively monitored in dwellings across the range of European domestic heating markets, dwelling types and climatic zones, which will lead to an invaluable dataset on domestic energy consumption and micro-CHP applicability across Europe.
 * The ene.field project also brings together over 30 utilities, housing providers and municipalities to bring the products to market and explore different business models for micro-CHP deployment.

Sweden
Powercell Sweden is a fuel cell company that develop environmentally friendly electric generators with the unique fuel cell and reformer technology that is suitable for both existing and future fuel.

Germany
In Germany, ca 50 MW of mCHP up to 50 kW units have been installed in 2015. The German government is offering large CHP incentives, including a market premium on electricity generated by CHP and an investment bonus for micro-CHP units. The German testing project Callux has 500 mCHP installations per nov 2014. North Rhine-Westphalia launched a 250 million subsidy program for up to 50 kW lasting until 2017.

PEMFC

 * BDR Thermea/BAXI (Toshiba)
 * Viessmann (Panasonic)
 * Elcore, a 300W addon.
 * Tropical
 * Dantherm Power
 * Riesaer Brennstoffzellentechnik GmbH (Inhouse Engineering)

SOFC

 * Center for Fuel Cell Technology (ZBT) (JX Nippon)
 * Ceramic Fuel Cells installs until 2014 up to 100 SOFC units under the SOFT-PACT project with E.ON in Germany and the UK. A factory in Heinsberg, Germany for the production of SOFC based micro-CHP units started in June 2009 to produce 10,000 two-kilowatt units per year.
 * Vaillant (Sunfire/Staxera)
 * Buderus/Junkers – Bosch Thermotechnik (Aisin Seiki)
 * SOFCpower/Ariston
 * Itho-Daalderop (Ceres Power)
 * Viessmann (HEXIS),

UK
It is estimated that about 1,000 micro-CHP systems were in operation in the UK as of 2002. These are primarily Whispergen using Stirling engines, and Senertec Dachs reciprocating engines. The market is supported by the government through regulatory work, and some government research money expended through the Energy Saving Trust and Carbon Trust, which are public bodies supporting energy efficiency in the UK. Effective as of 7 April 2005, the UK government cut the VAT from 17.5% to 5% for micro-CHP systems, in order to support demand for this emerging technology at the expense of existing, less environmentally friendly technology. Of the 24 million households in the UK, as many as 14 to 18 million are thought to be suitable for micro-CHP units.

PEMFC

 * In early 2012 less than 1000 1 kWe Baxi-Innotech PEM micro-CHP units from BDR Thermea were installed
 * IE-CHP

SOFC

 * A Ceres Power factory in Horsham UK for the production of SOFC based micro-CHP units is expected to start low-volume production in the second half of 2009
 * Ceramic Fuel Cells

Denmark
The Danish mCHP project 2007 to 2014 with 30 units is on the island of Lolland and in the western town Varde. Denmark is currently part of the Ene.field project.
 * EWII Fuel Cell
 * Dantherm Power (Ballard Power)

The Netherlands
The micro-CHP subsidy was ended in 2012. To test the effects of mCHP on a smart grid, 45 natural gas SOFC units (each 1,5 kWh) from Republiq Power (Ceramic Fuel Cells) will be placed on Ameland in 2013 to function as a virtual power plant.

United States
The federal government is offering a 10% tax credit for smaller CHP and micro-CHP commercial applications.

In 2007, the United States company "Climate Energy" of Massachusetts introduced the "Freewatt, a micro-CHP system based on a Honda MCHP engine bundled with a gas furnace (for warm air systems) or boiler (for hydronic or forced hot water heating systems).

The Freewatt is no longer commercially available (since at least 2014). Through testing it was found to operate at 23.4% efficiency for electrical and 51% efficiency for waste heat recovery.
 * AFC Doosan Fuel Cell America
 * PEMFC Plug Power (Ballard Power Systems)

Marathon Engine Systems, a Wisconsin company, produces a variable electrical and thermal output micro-CHP system called the ecopower with an electrical output of 2.2-4.7 kWe. The ecopower was independently measured to operate at 24.4% and 70.1% electrical and waste heat recovery efficiency, respectively.

Canada

 * Hyteon PEM

Through a pilot program scheduled for mid-2009 in the Canadian province of Ontario, the Freewatt system is being offered by home builder Eden Oak with support from ECR International, Enbridge Gas Distribution and National Grid.

Research
Testing is underway in Ameland, the Netherlands for a three-year field testing until 2010 of HCNG  where 20% hydrogen is added to the local CNG distribution net, the appliances involved are kitchen stoves, condensing boilers, and micro-CHP boilers.

Micro-CHP Accelerator, a field trial performed between 2005 and 2008, studied the performance of 87 Stirling engine and internal combustion engine devices in residential houses in the UK. This study found that the devices resulted in average carbon savings of 9% for houses with heat demand over 54 GJ/year.

An ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers) paper fully describes the performance and operating experience with two residential sized Combined Heat and Power units which were in operation from 1979 through 1995.

Oregon State University, funded by the U.S. Department of Energy's Advanced Research Project Agency - Energy (ARPA-e), tested the state of the art micro-CHP systems in the United States. The results showed that the nominally 1 kWe state-of-the-art micro-CHP system operated at an electrical and total efficiency (LHV based) of 23.4 and 74.4%, respectively. The nominally 5 kWe state-of-the-art system operated at an electrical and total efficiency (LHV based) of 24.4 and 94.5%, respectively. The most popular 7 kWe home backup generator (not CHP) operated at an electrical efficiency (LHV based) of 21.5%. The price of the emergency backup generator was an order of magnitude lower than the 5 kWe generator, but the projected life span of the system was over 2 orders of magnitude lower. These results show the trade-off between efficiency, cost, and durability.

The U.S. Department of Energy's Advanced Research Project Agency - Energy (ARPA-e) has funded $25 million towards mCHP research in the GENerators for Small Electrical and Thermal Systems (GENSETS) program. 12 project teams have been selected to develop a 1 kWe mCHP technology that can achieve 40% electrical efficiency, have a 10-year system life, and cost under $3000.

title: Micro combined heat and power


text:
User:Iantresman

Ian Tresman is a Web designer based in the UK. Between 2004-2007, I had started several articles, added to others, and contributed several original illustrations (summarised below), before being banned by the community in July 2007 in five hours 11 minutes. My unblocking on 18 Sep 2011 is subject to conditions. Where I've felt my edits may be considered to be a conflict of interest, I've left a message on the appropriate talk page (eg. my comment on the Sandbach Concert Series, and extensive edits to the article on Andy Scott), so that my edits can be further scrutinized for impartiality.

"Good Articles"

 * Lobster (magazine) (nominated)
 * Bradwall (nominated)
 * Cerne Abbas Giant (contributions, nominated)
 * Plasma (physics) (contributions)

Articles I've started

 * Zerega's Spanish Troubadours
 * John_Digby_Mills
 * Joseph_Leech
 * George_Windsor-Clive_(1878-1968)
 * Lawrence_Kimball
 * Reginald_Purbrick
 * William_Elwyn_Edwards_Jones
 * The_Five(ish)_Doctors_Reboot
 * John_Sydenham_(antiquary)
 * Osborn_Wyddel
 * William_de_Wycumbe
 * William_Wyatt_(scholar)
 * Thomas_Wyatt_(painter)
 * John_Wyatt_(surgeon)
 * Ralph_Wulford
 * Richard_Wroughton
 * Walter_Wrottesley
 * Richard_Wroe
 * Clement_Writer
 * William_Wright_(surgeon)
 * Waller_Rodwell_Wright
 * Thomas_Wright_(philanthropist)
 * Thomas_Wright_(engraver)
 * Thomas_Wright_(controversialist)
 * Thomas_Wright_(writer)
 * Samuel_Wright_(nonconformist)
 * Robert_Wright_(Calvinist)
 * Robert_Wright_(scholar)
 * Richard_Wright_(painter)
 * Leonard_Wright
 * Lawrence_Wright_(commodore)
 * Laurence_Wright_(physician)
 * John_Wesley_Wright
 * John_Masey_Wright
 * John_Wright_(1770–1844)
 * John_Wright_(poet)
 * James_Wright_(antiquarian)
 * Edward_Richard_Wright
 * Abraham_Wright_(deacon)
 * Sir_Bourchier_Wrey,_4th_Baronet
 * Ralph_Wrenn
 * Manor_of_Bradwall
 * Benjamin_Wrench
 * Christopher_Wren,_Jr.
 * Drury_Wray
 * Sir_Cecil_Wray,_13th_Baronet
 * Frederic_Charles_Lascelles_Wraxall
 * Thomas_Wotton_(writer)
 * Thomas_Wotton_(sheriff)
 * Sir_Edward_Wotton
 * Thomas_Worthington_(Dominican)
 * William_Worth_(scholar)
 * Richard_Nicholls_Worth
 * William_Worsley_(priest)
 * Israel_Worsley
 * Henry_Worsley_(major-general)
 * Henry_Worsley_(British_Army_officer)
 * Thomas_Wormald
 * John_Worgan
 * Anthony_Frewin
 * London_Press_Exchange
 * Frogmore,_Hertfordshire
 * Mabel_Beardsley
 * Sir_Robert_Rankin,_1st_Baronet
 * Alexander_Critchley
 * William_George_Howard_Gritten
 * James_Douglas_Cooke
 * Adam_Maitland_(UK_politician)
 * Guy_Rowson
 * Joshua_Ritson
 * Walter_Green_(politician)
 * Wicked_Willie
 * List_of_Elstree_Studios_productions
 * Latham_of_Bradwall
 * Electrotherapy_(cosmetic)
 * Jeremiah_White_(chaplain)
 * James_Hay_Stevens
 * John_Frederick_Tayler
 * Corus_Hotels
 * Pensée_(Immanuel_Velikovsky_Reconsidered)
 * Carl-Gunne_Fälthammar
 * Critical_velocity
 * Encyclopedia_of_Pseudoscience
 * IEEE_Nuclear_and_Plasma_Sciences_Society
 * William_G._Tifft
 * Per_Carlqvist
 * Pinch_(plasma_physics)
 * Plasma_parameters
 * Hans_Schindler_Bellamy
 * Plasmoid
 * Heliospheric_current_sheet
 * Critical_ionization_velocity
 * Double_layer
 * Birkeland_current
 * Plasma_scaling

Articles I've added to significantly

 * Elstree
 * World Saxophone Congress
 * John Herbert Bowes-Lyon
 * Bradwall
 * Foden's Band
 * Bring Me Sunshine
 * Bourne Co. Music Publishers
 * List of Pinewood Studios productions (links)
 * Sir William Jardine, 7th Baronet

Before 2007
 * Astrophysical plasma
 * Eric Lerner
 * Fraction (mathematics)
 * Plasma cosmology
 * Plasma (physics)
 * Pseudoscience
 * Pseudoskepticism
 * Redshift
 * Tired light

title: User:Iantresman


text: Template:User is-1

title: Template:User is-1


text:
James Allen (journalist)

James Allen (born 5 November 1966) is a British former TV commentator and journalist who is the president, Motorsport Business, and F1 Liaison of Motorsport Network. He worked as Formula One commentator for ITV from 2000 to 2008, and subsequently as BBC Radio 5 Live's Formula One commentator, Formula One correspondent for the BBC and the Financial Times, and presenter for Ten Sport in Australia. He presents the podcast James Allen on F1 on the Autosport podcast network. Allen has been a trustee of the Grand Prix Trust, F1's benevolent fund, for over 25 years.

Early life and education
Allen was born in Liverpool, England, and was a pupil at Merchant Taylors' School, Crosby, and student of English and Modern Languages at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, gaining a master's degree. His father Bill organised the first historic racing championships in the 1970s and sat for many years in the sport's administration, serving as a commission chair on the RAC motor sports council. He was also a professional racing driver who raced for Lotus in the 1960s and was a Class Winner in 1961 at the 24 Hours of Le Mans.

Early career
Allen started his Formula One career with the Brabham team in 1990. In 1991, he worked with future TV colleagues Mark Blundell and Martin Brundle. He was news editor at Autosport from 1992 to 1994, and in parallel worked as Formula One pit lane reporter for American network ESPN from 1993 to 1996.

ITV
With Nigel Mansell's move to the Champ Car World Series in 1993, Allen was hired by ITV in 1994 to help present coverage of the season. When ITV gained the rights to broadcast the Formula One championship in, he worked with Chrysalis TV CEO Neil Duncanson to win the production contract and joined the ITV Sport team as pit lane reporter. With Murray Walker unable to commentate at the 2000 French Grand Prix, Allen took over as one of the main commentators alongside Martin Brundle. Walker wound down his career the next year by missing five races (Brazil, Europe, France, Germany, and Japan), all of which Allen covered. ITV had considered trying a number of guest commentators to decide who would be best suited to replace Walker but instead opted to keep Allen on board full-time. He took over permanently after the 2001 United States Grand Prix and commentated on every subsequent Grand Prix while the sport was broadcast on ITV, winning a number of Royal Television Society and BAFTA Awards. The 2007 Canadian Grand Prix was Allen's 100th as a commentator and he did 129 in total in the role. His last commentary for ITV was the 2008 Brazilian Grand Prix when ITV's F1 broadcast contract ended. The race was watched by over 11 million people in the United Kingdom. Allen also wrote "James Allen's Analysis" for the ITV website.

BBC
Between 2012 and 2015, Allen was the BBC's Formula One correspondent and lead commentator for BBC Radio 5 Live. He edited his own Formula One website providing insight and analysis of the sport and managed a digital media business, working with sponsors and brands in Formula One that leveraged the site. He made an appearance on Celebrity Mastermind, answering questions on Roald Dahl books. He won the competition, with a score of 23 points.

Writing
Allen has written four books, the first of which was his ghost-written autobiography of Nigel Mansell published by HarperCollins. He has also written two books on Michael Schumacher: Quest for Redemption (also published in paperback as Driven to Extremes) and The Edge of Greatness. In July 2023, he published Ferrari: From Inside and Outside with ACC Art Books.

Allen has been the Formula One correspondent of the Financial Times since 1999. In this capacity in April 2011, he wrote the first story revealing the plan to create a new all-electric racing series that became known as Formula E.

Formula One Management
Allen was one of the official Formula One Management World Feed interviewers for post-qualifying and post-race, beginning this role at the 2009 British Grand Prix. He also moderated the official FIA press conference sessions with drivers and team principals during Formula One race weekends from 2009 to 2018. From 2013 to 2020, he served as the moderator of the annual FIA Sport Conference and has become one of the principal moderators of thought leadership events around motorsport.

Motorsport Network
In 2017, Allen joined the United States-owned Motorsport Network. In April 2018, he moved into an executive role as president of EMEA. In September 2018, he became president, based in London, helping the business to diversify from digital media into e-sports, gaming, and lifestyle motoring. Among other activities, Allen led the Global Fan Survey project in 2021, 2022, and 2023, conducting major surveys with Formula One, IndyCar, FIA World Endurance Championship, and MotoGP in multiple languages, reaching over 350,000 respondents. He hosts the Financial Times Business of F1 Forum events at selected Formula One Grands Prix. In July 2023, the media assets of Motorsport Network, including Motorsport.com in 15 languages, Autosport, and Motorsport-Total were placed into a new company Motorsport Network Media (MSNM), which was acquired by GMF Capital. In August 2023, GMF appointed Allen as president, Motorsport Business, and F1 Liaison and responsible for MSNM's business in Formula One.

Allen created the thought leadership video podcast strand #ThinkingForward in 2020, which ran on all editions of Motorsport.com in fifteen languages. Allen spoke to leaders from across motorsport about topics like sustainability, diversity, and inclusion and future technologies, aimed at giving enthusiasts an understanding of the future direction of the sport. In 2024 he launched a new podcast James Allen on F1 on the Autosport channel, featuring interviews with people who shape the sport with studio analysis from journalists from Autosport and outside. In May 2024 he interviewed Greg Maffei, CEO of Liberty Media, the owners of F1. In 2019, Allen appeared in the 2019 Formula E film And We Go Green, directed by Fisher Stevens. That same year, he was the executive producer on the feature film Motorsport Heroes written and directed by Manish Pandey, writer of the acclaimed movie Senna. Allen was featured as one of the principal narrative voices in the hit Netflix 2021 documentary film Schumacher, directed by Michael Wech. He was billed as Schumacher's biographer. In 2023, he played a similar role in the Mansell documentary Williams & Mansell: Red 5 made by Wiser Films for Sky.

Awards
Along with former co-commentator Martin Brundle, Allen picked up the Autosport award for best moment of the year that recognised the pair's commentary in the closing moments of the 2008 Brazilian Grand Prix. The Brazil coverage also won a third consecutive BAFTA award for Allen, Brundle, and the ITV team. His website JamesAllenOnF1 was voted "Best F1 Blog" by fans in the annual Silverstone Media Awards in 2012 and 2013. In 2022, Allen was appointed as a judge on the BAFTA Sports Programme of the Year panel.

Personal life
Allen lives in North West London with his wife Pip. They have two adult sons, Enzo and Emerson.

title: James Allen (journalist)


text:
Talk:Case study

Case study
case study is a event specific message any program etc. 103.249.228.147 (talk) 10:53, 5 April 2023 (UTC)

Shutri is studying in marikal school, 8th cass, in her village she tried to stop child marriage
Shutri is studying in marikal school, 8th cass, in her village she tried to stop child marriage 45.115.89.198 (talk) 00:42, 5 July 2023 (UTC)

Case study on stopping a child marriage
Shutri from marikal school student of 8th class 45.115.89.198 (talk) 00:45, 5 July 2023 (UTC)

Samsung galaxy s10 lite golden temple
Cover 59.97.86.45 (talk) 09:31, 9 September 2023 (UTC)

Geography
Case studies of volcanoes 105.245.171.34 (talk) 04:23, 30 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Case study


text:
Codicote

Codicote is a large village, and civil parish about 7 mi south of Hitchin in Hertfordshire, England. It has timber-framed and chequered brick houses, of special interest being the 18th-century Pond House and the half-timbered Taverners Place (formerly used as a Chinese restaurant called "As You Like It", which was redeveloped in 2016; previously the George and Dragon Inn).

Codicote Lodge is 18th-century and Codicote Bury 17th-century. The church, mostly rebuilt in 1853, retains 13th-century work in its nave and aisles. A most unusual structure north of the village is the Node Dairy and Stud, erected in 1927. It is circular in design, and thatched, with a circular courtyard and a tower which is, in fact, a silo.

North Hertfordshire District Council
Codicote is in the local government district of North Hertfordshire. It forms part of the two member Codicote and Kimpton Ward and is represented by Cllr Ralph Muncer (Conservative) and Cllr Steve Patmore (Conservative)

Hertfordshire County Council
Codicote is in the Hertfordshire County Council division of Knebworth and Codicote and is represented by Cllr Richard Thake (Conservative).

Parliamentary Representation
The village is represented in parliament by Stephen McPartland (Conservative) who was first elected as the MP for Stevenage in 2010.

Landscape
Codicote lies on a chalk ridge on the dip slope of the Chiltern Hills. The highest parts of the parish lie in the north and east, most of which is over 380 ft and at one point 450 ft is reached. The Mimram Valley is between about 220 and 250 ft in the parish. On the west side of the river the land rises to about 400 ft at Abbotshay.

A major survey of the landscape in the parish was started in 2007.

Early history
The first Anglo-Saxon settlements in England were created by the invaders themselves. Later individuals or small groups tended to leave these villages to found other secondary settlements in between. The element '-cote' in the name Codicote is typical of this second phase and so it is likely that this village was founded in the later period of colonisation. Thus at some time, perhaps around 600 AD, a man with a name something like Cudda came to the area and founded a settlement. The earliest form of the name is recorded in 1002 as Cuthingcoton, meaning the "cottages of Cuthhere's people". A later alternative form of the name was Cudingacotu in which the first element is "Cuda" a diminutive of Cuthhere.

In the year 1002 Codicote enters the written records for the first time when King Æthelred the Unready, its owner, sold it by means of a charter for the sum of 150 mancusae, or 900 shillings of pure gold to his 'faithful minister' Ælfhelm. It was described as being 'five measures of ground' (of uncertain extent) and known as 'Æt Cuthingcoton'. Shortly after this it passed to the Abbot and Chapter of St Albans Abbey.

By 1086, the Domesday Book shows its value at six pounds. There was a total of eight 'hides' in the manor, perhaps 960 acre, of which the Abbot's bailiff farmed three and a quarter hides as the Abbot's 'home farm'. The rest was shared between a number of tenants, 16 'villeins', three humbler cottagers and one 'Frenchman' who may have been the bailiff. In addition there were four (landless) serfs. This suggests a total population of about 100 persons including women and children. There were two profitable mills (now known as Codicote Mill and Fulling Mill), some meadow and pasture and some woodland.

St Giles Church
The church, with its chapel of the Holy Innocents, was dedicated by Ralph, Bishop of Rochester at some time during his period of office, 1108–1115.

Education
Codicote Church of England Primary School dates back to 1857 and the current school, on Meadow Way, was built in 1972. State secondary education is provided by schools in nearby towns and the vast majority of pupils move on to Hitchin Boys' School, Hitchin Girls' School and Monk's Walk School. Private and other schools are also well catered for in nearby towns.

Public houses
Public houses in Codicote include The Goat and The Globe both situated on the High Street. There is also the Sports and Social Club off Bury Lane.

Sport and leisure
The current sports field and facilities came about as a result of the death in 1976 of John Clements, a local teacher who died rescuing 35 children by leading them from a burning hotel. He was subsequently awarded the George Cross. A memorial trust fund was established in his honour which led to the current sports field and a changing facility being opened in 1984 and an extension to changing facilities being added in 2000.

There are currently three main outdoor sports areas and activities in the village:

 * Two football pitches used by two senior teams in Herts Premier League, 1 under 18, 1 under 17, 2 under 11, 1 under 7 team and 2 Ladies teams
 * Three tennis courts
 * A cricket wicket used by up to four cricket teams

Full planning permission was granted on 30 April 2009 for the £1.7m Sports Hall. The structure measures 48.1 meters by 19.3 meters and includes a sports hall, function room, youth club and changing facilities. The new John Clements Sports & Community Centre was completed in 2011. This allows indoor sports such as 5-a-side football, indoor tennis, cricket nets, bowls, basketball and netball.

Non-League football club Codicote F.C. are one of the senior teams using the John Clements Memorial Ground.

Codicote Tennis Club has three floodlit hard courts and is based at Codicote Sports & Social Centre in Hertfordshire.

Codicote Village Day is an annual one-day festival which begins with a parade up the High St and proceeds to the Sports and Recreation field where there are events, stalls and attractions.

Notable residents

 * Robert Newman: British comedian, author and political activist. Former comedy partner of David Baddiel. Grew up in the Hertfordshire villages of Datchworth, Codicote and Whitwell.
 * Kim Wilde: British pop singer, author, television presenter. Married in the village church of St. Giles in September 1996.

Local and family history
Codicote Local History Society is dedicated to researching and spreading knowledge about Codicote's history. Active for over 30 years, the society ran a wide-ranging series of public events and a few archaeological digs in 2018–19. In 2020, the society published a series of old photos of the village under the title Snippets from Codicote's Past.

A 2008 BBC programme, Christina: A Medieval Life, presented by Michael Wood, focused upon the life and times of Christina Cok (died 1348) in Codicote, studying the archives relating to her father's acquisition of field strips and marketplace property, which she took over in the 14th century. She won a consistory court case over her claim to the rights to her land.

title: Codicote


text:
Talk:Eduardo Rodríguez Veltzé

Untitled
It's misleading to say that the unrest is caused by nationalization of the country's oil and gas. Quite the opposite, it was privatized, state revenue from it dropped to a seventh of previous levels, and the unrest is caused by those who demand it's re-nationalization. I'm editing to reflect this. Delief 13:51, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)

You added: "A political crisis caused by popular unrest over the privatization of the natural gas industry led former president Carlos Mesa to offer his resignation to Congress." This implies that Mesa was responsible for the privatizations of the natural gas industry and other public utilities. Mesa was only an interm president and was not responsible for the privatization schemes. Sanchez de Lozada was mostly responsible for the privatization of formerly public industries (including the infamous Cochabamba protests regarding the privatization of water utilities). Please get the facts strait if you are going to edit an article. I have already seen so many mistakes made with regard to issues involving Latin America.-Jersey Devil —Preceding undated comment added at 17:29, 18 December 2005 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians, I have just modified one external link on Eduardo Rodríguez. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes: When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20081005231221/http://www.presidencia.gov.bo/ to http://www.presidencia.gov.bo/

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 17:12, 17 September 2017 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 22:37, 31 May 2020 (UTC)
 * R veltze presidente.jpg

Requested move 28 January 2021

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: Moved to Eduardo Rodríguez Veltzé per nom. No such user (talk) 10:53, 22 February 2021 (UTC)

Eduardo Rodríguez (judge) → Eduardo Rodríguez Veltzé – Using both paternal and maternal last name is more appropriate than the (politician) specification. Krisgabwoosh (talk) 00:40, 28 January 2021 (UTC)
 * This is a contested technical request (permalink). No such user (talk) 20:07, 28 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Oppose We shouldn't be giving a misleading impression as to what the normal name used is. The current title was set by RM. Timrollpickering (talk) 14:21, 28 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Eduardo Rodríguez (politician) is a #redirect page. Anthony Appleyard (talk) 16:16, 28 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Eduardo Rodríguez Veltzé is the name of the article on Spanish Wikipedia. As well, Rodríguez Veltzé (both names) are the most common usage of the name in Bolivian media.    In instances where only one name is used, most article only uses Veltzé  or hyphen combination of both names. There are very few examples where just Rodríguez is used. Krisgabwoosh (talk) 16:45, 28 January 2021 (UTC)

 * Support per nomination and per detailed links. For the most part, main title headers of English Wikipedia articles avoid adding maternal surnames for individuals from the Spanish-speaking world or patronymics for individuals from the Russian-speaking world, etc, even if those are the forms used by subjects' native Wikipedias. However, exceptions are made when the individuals in question are strongly referenced by their full names. Such appears to be the case in this instance. The discussion at Talk:Eduardo Rodríguez centered upon the contention that the former President of Bolivia was not sufficiently prominent to serve as the dab page's WP:PRIMARYTOPIC. The propriety of using his maternal surname instead of a parenthetical qualifier was not raised as a topic. —Roman Spinner (talk • contribs) 22:02, 28 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Weak oppose per nom. Most English references list without the maternal surname, but the Spanish one's show an opposite trend.--Ortizesp (talk) 02:47, 29 January 2021 (UTC)
 * Support similar case to Zapatero, where the maternal surname is emphasized because it is much more rare/distinctive than the paternal surname. (t · c)  buidhe  14:21, 4 February 2021 (UTC)
 * Leaning support per WP:NDAB. A more natural title. BD2412  T 02:27, 12 February 2021 (UTC)

 * The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

title: Talk:Eduardo Rodríguez Veltzé


text:
Karla Mosley

Karla Cheatham Mosley (born August 27, 1981) is an American actress and singer. She starred on the Emmy-nominated children's show Hi-5; she has starred in numerous plays and also had minor roles in several other TV shows and films. She regularly appeared as Christina Moore Boudreau in the soap opera Guiding Light and as Maya Avant in The Bold and the Beautiful.

Early years
Karla Cheatham Mosley was born and raised in Westchester County, New York. She graduated from New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, with honors, and went on to study in France at the Roy Hart Vocal Institute.

At a young age, Mosley performed in Sugar Beats, a children's rock group created by Sherry Goffin Kondor, daughter of singer/writer, Carole King. Mosley sang such hits as "Rockin' Robin".

Hi-5 (2003–2006)
In 2003, while still in college, Mosley joined the American counterpart of the Australian children's TV show Hi-5, where she became the youngest member of the group. Her segment was called "Body Move", where she led viewers in stretching, exercising and funny dancing. She was usually the transitional member of the group, performing her skits in between other cast members' acts. She also provided the voice of Chatterbox on the show. She was the American counterpart of Charli Robinson, Lauren Brant, Mary Lascaris, and Bailey Spalding who was also youngest members of Hi-5. In 2006, Mosley left the cast in order to pursue other interests.

Daytime success (2008–present)
From 2008 to 2009, Mosley acted in the CBS daytime soap opera Guiding Light, playing the role of Christina Boudreau, a pre-med student who married Remy Boudreau (played by Lawrence Saint-Victor).

In 2013, Mosley joined the cast of the CBS daytime soap opera The Bold and the Beautiful, playing ex-con turned actress Maya Avant. She completed a web series titled Room 8 The Series with her The Bold and the Beautiful co-star Lawrence Saint-Victor; the web series was part of The Bold and the Beautiful storyline. Mosley's character was later revealed to be a transgender woman, becoming the first transgender bride to be married on daytime television when she married Rick Forrester (played by Jacob Young) in 2015. Mosley was taken off-contract on The Bold and the Beautiful in March 2019, and now appears on the series in a recurring capacity. On October 10, 2020, Mosley announced that she was leaving The Bold and the Beautiful.

In April 2021, Mosley briefly took on the role of Amanda Sinclair on the CBS soap opera The Young and the Restless as a short-term substitute for Mishael Morgan, who took a brief leave to recuperate from eye surgery.

Other roles
Mosley most recently appeared in a Hallmark production (5/2020) "How to Train Your Husband". Mosley also appears in many local New York City venues (including for a time as the featured performer for the Gray Line Show Business Insider Tour), sometimes as singer, sometimes actor.

In 2007, Mosley starred in the musical production of Dreamgirls at the TUTS Theater in Houston, TX. Mosley appeared in the children's off-Broadway production, Max and Ruby in 2007–2008. Additionally, she had a part in the Coen Brothers film, Burn After Reading, which opened in September 2008. Mosley will also be seen in the indy film, Red Hook.

In 2008, Mosley starred with Lenelle Moise in "Expatriate", a gritty off-Broadway show at the Culture Project. Her performance earned rave reviews from the New York Times, Time Out New York and Variety, which wrote: "Mosley's voice is a serious discovery, with remarkable phrasing and range. In a torchy number called 'The Makings,' about how Alphine's life has given her the makings of a jazz legend, her pure high notes descend to earthy growls in a flash, and you've got to believe her when she sings, 'Anything I wails/hits ears like honey.'"  In 2008 she also nabbed parts in Law & Order and Gossip Girl and appeared in Museum Pieces at the West End Theater in New York City.

In 2013, Mosley appeared in several episodes of Hart of Dixie. Mosley also appeared in commercials sponsoring Abreva and Riders by Lee jeans. On November 18, 2014, Karla appeared as a model on The Price Is Right. She appeared in the sixth episode of Battle Creek on April 5, 2015, titled "Cereal Killer".

In 2018 she played Nicole in the film, How to Train Your Puppy/Husband.

Activism
Mosley sits on the board of Covenant House, the largest privately funded agency in the Americas providing shelter and other services to homeless, runaway and throwaway youth. She is a celebrity ambassador for the National Eating Disorders Association and is active in other charities.

After Hurricane Katrina, Mosley organized a benefit concert by Hi-5 to raise money for victims of Hurricane Katrina. She co-produced and performed in Broadway for Obama, a benefit concert during the 2008 presidential campaign. She also performed in Broadway for a New America's concert for marriage equality and in Western Queens for Marriage Equality's rally for equality.

Personal life
Mosley has one sister and two cats. On August 17, 2018, she gave birth to her first child, with boyfriend John Rogers.

title: Karla Mosley


text:
Wikipedia:Peer review/Liberal Party of Canada leadership convention, 1968/archive1

Liberal Party of Canada leadership convention, 1968
This is an article I created almost a year ago and have spend the last few days trying to polish it to FA standards. I'm not particularly skilled with table markup and I'm not entirely pleased with the way the results of each vote are displayed. The article could also use a going over for style and grammar. - SimonP 13:53, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * I actually like the article. It might be worth expanding on why Trudeau was blacklisted in the States (perhaps in a footnote, or something). --Scimitar 14:31, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * It's somewhat off-topic from the article, but you are right that it too interesting a statement to be left unexplained. I have added a footnote. - SimonP 14:49, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)


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Talk:1968 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election

Logo
Was this actually the logo at the time of the convention? thumb|center|600px This picture of the podium (above) suggests the logo was a sectioned red maple leaf. I believe the "L" logo was used throughout the 1970s and into the early 1980s (but abandoned once Turner became leader) and it may have been used during the 1968 election but I don't think it was in use as early as the 1968 convention. Do we have any evidence that it was? Homey 22:09, 19 March 2006 (UTC)

 * You may be correct, I must admit I am not 100% sure. I added it so that someone who may know better can bring up the issue and we can get a proper logo if need be. --Curlingstub.png Earl Andrew - talk 22:20, 19 March 2006 (UTC)

I believe that there is a difference between the party logo and the party's election logo. This distinction is used to help differentiate between non-campaign materials and campaign materials subject to election spending laws. The PC Party also used to have a party logo ( the P-maple-leaf-C logo ) and campaign logos. The sectioned maple leaf was the LPC logo apparently from the late 60s and through the 70s, and the "L" logo was the party's election logo in at least 72, 74, 79 and 80. I don't know what they used in 68. Ground Zero | t 23:17, 19 March 2006 (UTC)

That might be the case today but I believe it wasn't until the 1970s that we had election spending laws so it wouldn't have been the case in '68. Homey 23:38, 19 March 2006 (UTC)

http://www3.cbc.ca/imagegallery/launch05/launchtrudeau.jpg Check this out. It is a picture from the CBC Trudeau movie. The movies are usually pretty acurate and behind Trudeau on his sing you can see the split maple leaf logo. Purhaps Earl could make a logo such as that? - MS123

 * I went digging through the party materials stored up in my university library, and managed to deduce that the 5 x 2 sectioned leaf design on that podium was in use on party documents, on letterhead, and so on, from at least 1968 until 1986 (solid red, white trim). Sometime between 1986 and the 1988 election things switched to a different sectioned leaf design, with a leaf-within-a-leaf layout where the inner leaf is unified and the outer leaf is split into 12 sections (representing the fed gov't, and then the provinces and territories?).  The Chretien-era |||*L logo made its first chronological appearance on the copy of the 1993 Red Book that was shelved there.  I'd caution, though, that there was a pretty sporadic selection of documents, and a lot of stuff from the seventies was clearly produced by typewriter and graphics were far beyond standard repro capabilities.  No examples of the above leaf within the-arms-of-the-L logo that I could spot. The Tom 00:58, 30 March 2006 (UTC)

 * I know the L logo was used for something. I recall seeing a "Che" style Trudeau shirt that someone was wearing a year ago at school. I've also seen it on the net in pin galleries. --Curlingstub.png Earl Andrew - talk 03:07, 30 March 2006 (UTC)

 * The "Cube-Leaf" logo was used during the Trudeau era, but not in 1968. I would think that the logo above in the picture was used until at least 1990...the CBC archives of Martin's riding nomination in 1988 have a modified party logo with the "Cube L" and the special leaf instead of the "Standard" maple leaf.  I know, though, that the Cube-leaf logo was very downplayed when Turner took over...however, it was still the party's main identifier in Editoral cartoons for over a decade afterward.Habsfan[[Image:Flag of Nova Scotia.svg|20px]]|t 00:26, 15 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Just an example, with one of my favourite political cartoons: Habsfan[[Image:Flag of Nova Scotia.svg|20px]]|t 00:35, 15 April 2006 (UTC)

Re the Turner era - For the 1984 election campaign, the Turner campaign dropped the 'Cube L' in favour of the 'Team Turner' logo of a half maple leaf within an italicized captial L, with 'Turner' on the left side. Many candidates continued to use the 'Cube L' with either the 10 point leaf or a regular leaf.

I do remember the leaf-within-a-leaf being first used in the 1988 election as well as in a 1990 by-election and certain recycled election signs (Bill Graham in 1993, Tom Wappel until 2006), although the traditional Cube L was also used.

70.50.203.230 (talk) 00:42, 19 October 2008 (UTC)

Articles needs improved referencing
Sorry. I didn't realize that this article was at FAR. I am removing my remarks here. Regards, — mattisse (Talk) 22:47, 3 December 2009 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:British Columbia Liberal Party leadership contest, 2011 which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. 117Avenue (talk) 04:21, 7 December 2010 (UTC)

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Estadio Cuauhtémoc

Estadio Cuauhtémoc is a football stadium in Puebla City, Mexico. It is the home of Club Puebla. It is currently the fourth-biggest football stadium in Mexico by capacity. The stadium has been the host of the 1970 FIFA World Cup and the 1986 FIFA World Cup. From November 2014 – 2015, the stadium went through massive renovations.

As of November 2015, Cuauhtémoc Stadium is considered to be an innovation in textile design and sports architecture in Mexico, since it is the first and only stadium in Latin America to have a facade totally covered with ETFE.

History
Estadio Cuauhtémoc has been the home for Puebla F.C. for the last 40 years and has witnessed various national and international tournaments the stadium has located in Puebla, Puebla Mexico.

The Stadium was originally designed in 1965 by architect Pedro Ramírez Vázquez, who also designed El Estadio Azteca and the Basilica of Our Lady of Guadalupe.

It was inaugurated on October 6, 1968 during the pre-inauguration of the 1968 Summer Olympics. It is named after the Mexican brewery Cuauhtémoc-Moctezuma, who paid for most of the construction.

In its first years of existence the club had a capacity of 35,000, which was expanded in 1986 for the 1986 FIFA World Cup. A mural that had been painted by Jesús Corro Ferrer, which represented the human race, had to be covered up. The stadium has an official capacity for 42,648, though on some occasions it has had attendance of above 50,000. The Stadium is the 4th largest, as well as the tallest, stadium in Mexico, behind the Estadio Jalisco in Jalisco.

The stadium has hosted 2 Mexican Primera División finals. The first came in the 1982-83 tournament when Puebla F.C. defeated C.D. Guadalajara

The second final was played in the 1989-90 tournament against Club Universidad de Guadalajara where Puebla managed to beat the club from Jalisco 4-3. The stadium has also hosted the now defunct Copa México tournament, which the club managed to win in 1990, becoming just the 5th stadium to host both finals and have its home team win.

The stadium has also hosted club international tournaments, such as the CONCACAF Champions League and Copa Interamericana. In 2008 the stadium was supposed to host its first Copa Sudamericana tournament, but did not after the CONCACAF decided to pull out of all CONMEBOL competitions due to the clubs' lack of interest in the domestic conference tournaments.

1970 FIFA World Cup
Estadio Cuauhtémoc played host to the Uruguay national football team for the 1970 FIFA World Cup. In the first game on June 2, 1970 Uruguay defeated Israel 2-0. The second match was against Italy, which ended in a scoreless draw. The third match was against Sweden, where Uruguay fell 1-0. Players such as Sandro Mazzola and Luigi Riva went on to play in the finals against Brazil, which they lost to 4-1.

1986 FIFA World Cup
In 1986 Mexico hosted the 13th World Cup, becoming the first country to ever host the competition for a second time. This occurred due to Colombia announcing in 1983 that they were not going to be available to organize the tournament.

In this World Cup, Puebla played a bigger role than the previous one in 1970. This time, the defending champions Italy played at El Estadio Cuauhtémoc. Italy played against Argentina on June 5, 1986, where they tied 1–1 with a goal from the football legend Diego Armando Maradona. The second game was against the Korea Republic national football team, who Italy managed to defeat 3–2.

In the round of 16 match, Argentina defeated Uruguay 1-0 in El Estadio Cuauhtémoc, which was played on June 16, 1986. In the quarter-finals, the stadium hosted the match between Spain and Belgium which ended in a 1–1 draw, sending them to extra time, and ultimately to a penalty shootout. Van der Elst would score the final and deciding goal, sending Belgium to the semi-finals. In that match, the stadium registered the biggest crowd with an attendance of 45,000.

In 2012 the state of Puebla was named to host the 2013 CONCACAF U-20 Championship.

2015 Renovation
Puebla FC announced a complete renovation of the stadium that was set to begin in the late 2014. The stadium was old, in bad condition, and needed a fresh new image. In early 2014, the Governor of Puebla, Rafael Moreno Valle Rosas announced the official project.

The stadium would grow in capacity from 42,648 to 51,726 spectators, and would be completely remodeled from the inside, with 2 new ramps built in the north and south side of the stadium, along many other things.

Initially the facade of the stadium would be covered with crystal.

Dünn Lightweight Architecture, experts in sports and textile architecture in Mexico and Latin America, made a new proposal with ETFE because of the many advantages that ETFE had over other materials for that particular project. ETFE has been used in many world renowned architectural works, such as the Water Cube for the Olympics in Beijing, and by many European stadiums such as the Allianz Arena in Munich.

Renovations started in November 2014 and were initially planned to be done by October 2015. Due to the city's rainy season, construction slowed down and in August 2015 it was announced that the construction would be done by November 2015. As of November 2015, the Cuauhtémoc stadium would be the first and only stadium in Mexico and Latin America to have a facade completely covered with ETFE. On November 18 the stadium was reopened in a friendly match against Boca Juniors of Argentina before Puebla's final week of Liga MX Apertura 2015.

Notable events

 * 1968 Summer Olympics
 * 1970 FIFA World Cup
 * 1983 FIFA World Youth Championship
 * 1986 FIFA World Cup
 * Copa Interamericana
 * 2013 CONCACAF Under-20 Championship

title: Estadio Cuauhtémoc


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Kanbun Uechi

Kanbun Uechi was the founder of Uechi-Ryū, one of the primary karate styles of Okinawa.

Early life
Kanbun was born in Deikusaku section but grew up in the Takintō section of the mountain farming village of Izumi on the Motobu Peninsula of Okinawa,  Uechi's family were farmers of daikon radishes. While it is claimed that in his youth, Uechi studied bōjutsu and basic Chinese techniques with Motobu experts, some of whom had lived in China, a more recent Okinawan government sanctioned publication notes that there exists no record of him learning "any kind of martial art" prior to his move to China.

Time in China
Japan began a program of universal male conscription in Okinawa in 1897. In 1897 at the age of 19, Kanbun fled to Fuzhou in Fukien Province, China both to escape Japanese military conscription and to fulfill his dreams of studying martial arts with Chinese masters. Kanbun later told students he was the only survivor of his small "dugout" rowing boat trip to China, and he was rescued by a Chinese martial artist who eventually introduced him to another Chinese martial artist. Upon arrival in Fuzhou, Uechi took residence in the Okinawan boarding house Ryukyu Jyuentaku Hall. He initially took up the study of Kojo Ryū with another Okinawan named Matsuda Tokusaburo. Makabe Udun, an instructor at Kojo dōjō mocked Kanbun for a speech impediment and appearing "slow minded". Makabe nicknamed Kanbun as "Uechi Watabugwa" (big belly or good-for-nothing Uechi). The offended Kanbun Uechi sought training elsewhere, but his resolve to learn Chinese martial arts was even stronger.

Uechi next took up the study of herbalism and a Kung Fu system he identified as "Pangai-noon" (or Pangainun), under a Chinese master of Tiger and Crane styles of southern Kung Fu named Zhou Zihe  (Called "Shu Shiwa" in Japanese and "Shu Shabu" by Kanbun). A great deal of unsourced apocryphal stories exist on how Kanbun met and came to train with Zhou Zihe. Furthermore, research conducted by the Uechi Family and the local Wushu association in 1984 discovered Shu Shiwa/Zhou Zihe was not the real teacher of Kanbun Uechi but maybe worked an assistant instructor. Huzunquan (Fujian Tiger Boxing) lineage charts show Zheng Xianji (郑仙纪) as Kanbun's true teacher. More recent research in the region with assistance of the Fuzhou Wushu Association does not provide a detailed answer. The Uechi Ryū Kihon claims that Kanbun Uechi never modified the teachings of Zhou Zihe and strictly passed on only what Zhou Zihe taught him. Review of current Uechi-Ryū practice with several styles in Fuzhou linked to Zhou Zihe, which all developed on their own subsequently, led the Wushu Association to suggest that Kanbun made his own modifications to make what he would call "Pangai-noon".

Kanbun received a teaching licence from Zhou Zihe in 1904 and in 1906 he opened his own dōjō in Nanjing. He continued periodic training under Zhou Zihe during the next three years for a total of 13 years. After the three years, Kanbun Uechi returned to Okinawa, determined never to teach again because reportedly one of his Chinese students had killed a neighbour with an open-hand technique in a dispute over land irrigation.

Return to Okinawa and Travel to the Island of Japan
Uechi returned to Naha, Okinawa in 1909, and he refused to teach martial arts while in Okinawa. He soon married, and his first son, Kanei Uechi was born in 1911. In 1912, a tea merchant and White Crane Kung Fu master Go Kenki (Wú Xiánguì) who knew him settled in Okinawa. As word spread from Go Kenki that Kanbun Uechi was a skilled martial arts teacher, he received requests to teach but refused.

Due to the economic situation in Okinawa, in 1924, at the age of 47, Kanbun Uechi left for Wakayama City, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan to find employment. While he was working as a security guard for a local Showa Spinning cotton spinning mill, he was persuaded by a co-worker, Ryuyu Tomoyose, to teach him privately after having been first convinced to show him ways of defending himself against different attacks. In 1926, after two years of private lessons, Ryuyu Tomoyose gathered together other interested potential students for a total of 30 men who all agreed to pay 5 yen each month. Since his month salary was only 15 yen each month, Kanbun Uechi agreed to resume teaching. Until 1932, he taught in small rooms in the company dormitory before work, during lunchtime, and after work He then opened a general store and the "Pangai-noon Karate Academy" open to the general public in Tebira, Wakayama Prefecture.

In 1934, Kanbun Uechi met Kenwa Mabuni, the founder of Shitō-ryū, who interviewed Uechi in an article "The Story of Chinese Kenpo" he published in the 1934 edition of Karate Research. Mabuni suggested that Kanbun change the name of his style to "Uechi-Ryū" (上地流) or "style of Uechi." The style he taught was renamed in 1940 to "Uechi-Ryū" Karate in his honour, and is one of the four major styles of Okinawan Karate.

Kanbun Uechi continued to teach in Wakayama until 1946. In November of that year, Kanbun Uechi turned over his school to Ryuyu Tomoyose and returned to Okinawa and settled on the island of Iejima. Students who included Ryuyu Tomoyose's son, Ryuko, built a dōjō named the Uechi-Ryū Karate Academy. Kanbun Uechi died from kidney disease in 1948.

After Kanbun Uechi's death, his style was formalised by his son Kanei and his senior students. This included the addition of five "bridging" kata between the three Kanbun Uechi brought back from Fuzhou. Uechi-Ryū has students and dōjōs around the world, and it is particularly popular in the Northeastern United States.

Grade
During his life, his style and school did not adhere to the Japanese Dan (rank) system. Out of respect he is considered a "10th dan" and referred to as "grandmaster" in references since his passing.

Family
Kanbun Uechi had four children. His oldest son, Kanei, continued his father's work in the martial arts. He had another son, Kansai, and two daughters, Tsuru (named after her grandmother) and Kamai.

title: Kanbun Uechi


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User:Nadge

Greetings and peace to all. Nadge is the nickname for A. Najib Ariffin, based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Nadge became my nickname as a short form of Najib after many of my American friends at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in New York couldn't properly pronounce or remember my full name! I graduated with two degrees from RPI (Building Science and Architecture) but also work as a writer and travel consultant back in Malaysia. I would love to contribute to world knowledge through Wikipedia.

The following was my "test" in Tutorial Sandbox 5, the first time I ever wrote something on Wikipedia:

"This is my first ever visit to Wikipedia. I am amazed and impressed with the whole set-up. Congratulations or tahniah in Malay to the founders and maintainers of this excellent database of knowledge. I hope I can contribute something as well. Peace."

A. Najib Ariffin, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia --219.93.174.110 13:30, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Tutorial_%28External_links%29/sandbox"

title: User:Nadge


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Sue Carter

Susan Jill Carter (born 1956) is an Australian politician. She was a Country Liberal Party member of the Northern Territory Legislative Assembly from 2000 to 2005, representing the central Darwin electorate of Port Darwin. After winning a by-election upon the resignation of former Chief Minister Shane Stone, Carter served as Opposition Whip and Shadow Minister for Health, and was briefly touted as a leadership aspirant before being unexpectedly defeated at the 2005 election.

Early life
Carter spent her childhood living in a number of locations across Australia, due to her father's position in the Royal Australian Air Force. She studied nursing, and subsequently moved to Darwin in 1979, gaining a position at the hospital there. She studied teaching at the Northern Territory University some years later, and went on to work as an adult educator, teaching in health-related areas in both Darwin and Katherine. Carter later served as Convenor of the Northern Territory Women's Advisory Council to the Chief Minister, Marshall Perron from 1993 to 1995, before going on to work as an investigator for the Health and Community Services Complaints Commission.

Political career
In February 2000, former Chief Minister Shane Stone resigned from parliament, causing a by-election in his safe CLP seat of Port Darwin. Carter won preselection to contest the seat for the CLP. Although the by-election came at a bad time for the CLP government, Carter easily retained the seat in a quiet campaign where Stone's mandatory sentencing policies were the major issue. She was appointed Deputy Chairman of Committees upon entering parliament, which saw her serve in the Speaker's absence.

 * }

Carter was re-elected at the 2001 election, though she suffered a 10-point swing. She not only had to fend off a Labor challenger, but former CLP stalwart and former territory minister Nick Dondas, who ran as an independent. Labor narrowly won government at this election due in part to significant gains in Darwin; Carter was the only CLP member west of Palmerston, and the only CLP member in the capital. She was promoted to Opposition Whip upon her re-election, and was again promoted in December 2002, when she was appointed Shadow Minister for Health, Senior Territorians, Arts, and Museums. This left her handling the opposition's response in one of the most difficult portfolios in the Northern Territory, with health being a serious and ongoing issue for the territory government.

Carter supported Terry Mills in both his unsuccessful challenge to Opposition Leader Denis Burke in June 2003, and his successful challenge that November. However, in October 2004 she was demoted, with Mills assigning her health portfolio to Jodeen Carney. She was regarded as an outside chance for the CLP leadership when Mills resigned in February 2005, but she allowed Burke to regain the leadership uncontested.

Carter was widely expected to win a third term in office at the 2005 election. However, an unexpectedly large victory by the Labor government saw an extremely close result in Port Darwin. The result was not known for several days. Ultimately, Labor candidate Kerry Sacilotto emerged the victor by 73 votes to become the first Labor member to win Port Darwin. Sacilotto actually won enough primary votes to defeat Carter without the need for preferences.

After politics
In 2008, Carter returned to her home town of the Gold Coast, after nearly 30 years in the NT, where she now works as a registered nurse.

title: Sue Carter


text:
User:Gsch

Strike-through textSuperscript text

.

Educational Background
École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Master (MSc) in Telecommunications

Activities

 * Fencing
 * Aviation

Travel
Here are the places I've been to:

Americas

 * Argentina (Buenos Aires)
 * Brasil (São Paulo)
 * Canada (Québec, Montréal, Saskatoon, Toronto)
 * United States of America (Boston, Denver, Fort Lauderdale, Las Vegas, Los Angeles, Miami, New York City, Orlando)
 * Uruguay (Colonia del Sacramento)

Asia

 * China (Beijing, Hong Kong, Macao, Huangshan Mountains, Shanghai, Xi'an)
 * India (Agra, Delhi, Goa, Mumbai, Rajasthan, Varanasi)
 * Nepal (Katmandu)

Europe

 * Austria (Vienna)
 * Belgium (Brussels)
 * Czech Republic (Prag)
 * Denmark (Copenhagen)
 * Faroe Islands (Tórshavn)
 * Finland (Helsinki, Turku)
 * France (Lyon, Marseille, Metz, Montpellier, Paris, Reims, Strasbourg and lots of other places. I lived in France)
 * Germany (Berlin, Potsdam)
 * Greenland (Ammassalik)
 * Hungary (Budapest)
 * Iceland (Reykjavík, Akureyri and lots of other places. I lived in Iceland)
 * Italy (Florence, Rome, Venice)
 * Netherlands (Amsterdam)
 * Poland (Gdansk)
 * Spain (Barcelona, Madrid, Tenerife)
 * Sweden (Stockholm)
 * Switzerland (Bern, Geneva, Lausanne, Zürich and lots of other places. I live in Switzerland)
 * United Kingdom (London)
 * Vatican City

de:Benutzer:Gsch fr:Utilisateur:Gsch is:Notandi:Gsch

title: User:Gsch


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Cassiope tetragona

Cassiope tetragona (common names include Arctic bell-heather, white Arctic mountain heather and Arctic white heather) is a plant native to the high Arctic and northern Norway, where it is found widely.

Growing to 10–20 cm in height, it is a strongly branched dwarf shrub. The leaves are grooved, evergreen, and scale-like in four rows. Pedicels are long and arched. The plant bears bell-shaped, solitary flowers usually with white and pink lobes and pink anthers. The flower stalks and sepals are red, but the petals may also be yellowish-white. The anthers can also be brownish-yellow and flower stalks and sepals yellowish-green.

It grows on ridges and heaths, often in abundance and forming a distinctive and attractive plant community.

In Greenland, indigenous peoples use the plant as important source of fuel. Because of high resin content, it burns even when wet.

The plant can also be used in cooking. Canadian chef Louis Charest used arctic heather as a smoked herb for the 2016 Three Amigos Summit state dinner.

title: Cassiope tetragona


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LMS Stanier Mogul

The London Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) Stanier Class 5 2-6-0 or Stanier Mogul is a class of 2-6-0 mixed traffic steam locomotives. Forty were built between October 1933 and March 1934.

Overview
Although all built at Crewe Works, they were designed at Horwich Works and were developed from the Horwich Mogul, the LMS Hughes Crab 2-6-0. They had the addition of several features brought over from the Great Western Railway by newly arrived Chief Mechanical Engineer William Stanier, most notably the taper boiler (Stanier would have been familiar with the GWR 4300 Class). In an effort to please Stanier, Horwich had designed a GWR style top-feed cover and locomotive 13245 appeared with the feature fitted. Stanier was not at all pleased, ordering it promptly removed and replaced with the normal LMS cover.

Due to a higher boiler pressure than the Crabs the cylinders were 3" smaller in diameter and so the cylinders were able to be mounted horizontally: the only Stanier design to do so. Like the Crabs they were connected to a Fowler tender that was narrower than the locomotive. When built the first ten locomotives had no water pick-up gear fitted to their tenders.

They were initially numbered 13245–13284 (following on from the Crabs), but as standard locomotives, in the LMS 1933 renumbering scheme they were renumbered 2945–2984 in 1934 (the Crabs becoming 2700–2944). BR added 40000 to their numbers so they became 42945–42984. They were always painted black, and this was lined out except during the austere periods of the 1940s and towards the end of steam.

From the end of 1934 Stanier turned to a larger 4-6-0 for his mixed traffic class, this being the LMS Black Five Class.

Withdrawal
Withdrawals commenced in November 1963 with the last one being withdrawn in February 1967.

Preservation
One, 13268/(4)2968, the penultimate member of the class to be withdrawn, has been preserved. This locomotive was acquired from Woodham Brothers scrapyard in Barry, South Wales by the Stanier Mogul Fund in December 1973. It was restored on the Severn Valley Railway, first entering service in April 1991 as LMS 2968. It was main line certified in 1996 and was the first locomotive, together with GWR 4300 Class 7325, to work a train over the Lickey Incline in preservation.

After withdrawal for overhaul in 1998, it re-entered service in 2003 in BR lined livery as 42968, which it carried for ten years. Following another overhaul, it re-entered service in late 2023, being repainted in LMS Lined Black as 13268 in April 2024.

On two occasions, firstly between 1994 and 1998, and again between 2010 and 2012, it ran with the tender from Black 5 no. 45110, while its own Fowler-pattern one was undergoing repairs.

Models
Bachmann Branchline has produced a model of the Stanier Mogul including the preserved example.

Initial releases from Bachmann Branchline include the LMS Black Lined version 31-690 in February 2017, BR Black early emblem and BR Black late emblem. Later liveries to follow.

title: LMS Stanier Mogul