text:
National Strawberry Festival

The National Strawberry Festival in Belleville, Michigan, established in 1977, began as a way for local farmers to celebrate their strawberry crops. Taking place over three days, held the third weekend in June, the festival offers many events for people of all ages. In collaboration with area churches and schools, some of the events include:
 * Bingo
 * Strawberry desserts
 * Parade
 * Car show
 * "Strawberry Queen Pageant"
 * Live entertainment

Each year the festival attracts over 200,000 people from Southeastern Michigan and farther.

This festival went on hiatus in 2020-21 caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and has not been resumed.

title: National Strawberry Festival


text:
Aliceville Lake

Aliceville Lake is a reservoir in western Alabama and eastern Mississippi, on the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway. Close to Aliceville, it is impounded by the Tom Bevill Lock and Dam.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Aliceville Lake


text:
Gainesville Lake (Alabama)

Gainesville Lake is a reservoir in northwest Alabama on the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway. Close to Gainesville, it is impounded by the Howell Heflin Lock and Dam.

title: Gainesville Lake (Alabama)


text: User talk:69.196.71.96

title: User talk:69.196.71.96


text:
Talk:Bongo drum

Description of the instrument, specifically dimensions.

other names
what are some other names for the bongo drums beside tbila? Move to bongo drum?
 * Agree. Article was cut from bongo drum and pasted to bongos.  Needs to be history-merged back there.   –radiojon 02:21, 2005 Jun 15 (UTC)

This article has been renamed as the result of a move request. violet/riga (t) 19:06, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)

cleanup needed
UGH! This article is completely confusing. It goes from talking about their origin in Cuba, and then abruptly shifts to it talking about Africa and the Middle East... makes no sense! ß 17:55, 27 December 2005 (UTC)

Origins
Versions in other languages say they are og African origin. The French version has material not covered here. Get-back-world-respect 01:40, 13 January 2006 (UTC)

Fad?
Wasn't this a fad during the late 1950s and early 1960s? I seem to recall it was but I can't find any references on the Internet about it. -Rolypolyman 22:13, 12 May 2006 (UTC)

Genres of music where the bongos are found
I've removed this section completely. No other instrument page seems to have it, and it was becoming rather unencyclopedic. Jellocube27 10:15, 6 June 2007 (UTC)     Duh    you got owned O.W.N.E.D. owned

this article need to tell us some thing about those meatle poles attached to the outer rim of the head it tells you NOTHING about it. i hve no idea what they are or what they do. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 123.2.249.167 (talk) 06:26, 15 August 2010 (UTC)

Why is this classified as non tuned instrument?
Bongos can be tuned! St777n (talk) 18:27, 13 October 2010 (UTC)

 * Quite right, as can a snare drum, a bass drum, or timbales. This is the main reason the traditional terms tuned percussion and untuned percussion are avoided these days... it gets really confusing when so many so-called untuned percussion instruments have tuning keys and tuning lugs so they can be tuned by the player!

 * Bongos are another excellent case in point. They are unpitched percussion, see that article for why this is so. Andrewa (talk) 13:53, 28 March 2012 (UTC)

Connected by a bridge?
The main page of this article needs an extra paragraph on the bridge connecting the left drum to the right drum. Doesn't the nature of the bridge have an effect on the sound? Are some bridges made of metal while other bridges are made of wood?

Am I using the right term for the thing that connects one drum to the other? It's called a bridge, isn't it? 216.99.201.142 (talk) 04:29, 13 July 2011 (UTC)

Tuning lamp?
The picture caption reads ''Sexteto Habanero in 1925. First from the left is Agustín Gutiérrez, the bongosero. His tuning lamp is on the floor (circled)''. There is no explanation of what a "tuning lamp" is and I can't find one anywhere else. Can anyone shine a light on this?  Tigerboy1966  07:50, 28 June 2020 (UTC)
 * Hi, before the advent of tunable bongos and congas in the 1940s, oil or kerosene lamps were used to heat up the drum heads so the membranes could expand to achieve the desired sound. Here is an explanation by Ned Sublette, and here is Armando Peraza explaining it as well. Nowadays this is done mechanically with a wrench. Neodop (talk) 19:22, 28 June 2020 (UTC)

Persistent vandalism
Since 9 September, User:Ficzere21 has been consitently deleting chunks of the article, removing sources, altering sourced statements so they disagree with sources, adding non-encyclopedic opinions, breaking the flow of the lead, adding numerous unsourced statements and even copy-pasting a paragraph straight from Britannica. I am opening a discussion here so he can specify what exactly is going on and whether he intends to persist in his disruption. Pinging, in case he has something to add. Neodop (talk) 23:00, 27 September 2021 (UTC)
 * There are several problems here. One is that Ficzere21 is not familiar with Wikipedia layout and style. Another is that Ficzere21 is edit warring pretty severely, resulting in page protection to stop the disruption. The main problem I see is the enthusiastic violation of WP:No original research, for instance the addition of unreferenced personal viewpoints such as "so it's good to initiate drum lessons for kids and enrich their musical talents." Ficzere21 apparently refuses to accept that Wikipedia is supposed to be a summary of WP:SECONDARY sources, and adds personal observations at whim. Binksternet (talk) 00:36, 28 September 2021 (UTC)

I only want more info to this article nothing else. Ficzere21 (talk) 01:33, 28 September 2021 (UTC)
 * Doesn't look like it. What you really are doing is a form of disruptive editing and citation removal.--MollyPollyRolly (talk) 01:27, 30 September 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bongo drum


text:
Talk:Attitude change

The same material on processing models (ELM, etc.) appears twice in the article. I don't want to make changes myself because I know very little about this subject and what would be the best arrangement... :-( 79.181.136.53 (talk) 22:05, 5 March 2009 (UTC)

For a May 2005 deletion debate over this page see Votes for deletion/Attitude change

Proposal to make the following changes
I am a student at Carnegie Mellon University. As part of a class assignment, my team partner and I would like to edit this article in order to bring the quality of this article to meet the standards of a good wikipedia article. The following illustrate the changes that we plan to make:

Content and Structure

- We agree with Robertekraut's (comment made on Feb. 3, 2011) that the current article mostly focuses on emotional components affecting attitude change. We will like to include cognitive components so that this article will have an equal emphasis on each.

- Add in different theories on attitude change, based on reviews of literature and meta-analyses suggested by Robertekraut on Feb. 3, 2011.

- Organize article into sections based on theories.

- Include real-world applications for each theory of attitude change.

- Eliminating unnecessary detail by providing link of keyword to another wikipedia article.

- Include any relevant images that pertain to the content.

Citations and References

- Use Wikipedia appropriate methods of citations and references for the existing references, as well as any new references that will be used in our edits.

- Link important and relevant terms. If some parts of the content require further detail, link important terms to the content rather than expanding too much within the article.

We welcome any comments or feedback on our proposal.

Jipinghe (talk) 05:03, 9 March 2011 (UTC)

Cognitive Dissonance
Shouldn't Cognitive Dissonance feature heavily in this article, rather than those other less accepted theories? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.42.85.98 (talk) 22:22, 20 April 2010 (UTC)

"spider-like"
From leading paragraph. Does this, without quotes in the article, constitute "encyclopaedic tone"? How are associations like a spider? A spider *web* would make much more sense, but even then it seems like quotes would be appropriate. Laurosaur (talk) 15:15, 18 May 2010 (UTC)

Article is very incomplete
This article is very incomplete and seems to disproportionately emphasize emotions and emotional appeals. While the article mentions in passing "mportant factors that influence the impact emotion appeals include self efficacy, attitude accessibility, issue involvement, and message/source features." Emotion appeals are not the only route to attitude change. The article doesn't touch on any of the message or source features, either as they influence the success of emotional appeals or more broadly.

There have been a number of recent reviews of the literature and meta-analyzes that could be used as a basis of completeness:

Petty, R., & Briñol, P. Attitude change. Advanced Social Psychology: The State of the Science, 217.

Witte, K., & Allen, M. (2000). A Meta-Analysis of Fear Appeals: Implications for Effective Public Health Campaigns. Health Education & Behavior, 27(5), 591.

Kraus, S. (1995). Attitudes and the prediction of behavior: A meta-analysis of the empirical literature. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21(1), 58.

Wilson, E., & Sherrell, D. (1993). Source effects in communication and persuasion research: A meta-analysis of effect size. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 21(2), 101-112.

Wood, W. (2000). Attitude change: Persuasion and social influence. Annual Review of Psychology, 51(1), 539-570.

Also the article is missing the applications of attitude change in public service announcement, health campaigns, advertising and the like.

Bator, R. J., & Cialdini, R. B. (2000). The application of persuasion theory to the development of effective proenvironmental public service announcements. Journal of Social Issues, 56(3), 527-541. Robertekraut (talk) 20:54, 3 February 2011 (UTC)

Continuation of Improvement
We plan to add in/revise sections:

Instead of having the current first paragraph, revise to:

Attitudes are not stable, and are often subject to change by social influence. Many factors can impact one’s attitude, leading to attitude change, such as cognitive dissonance, persuasive communications, and playing to people’s emotions. These factors have been categorized into the behavioral, cognitive, and affective-based components of attitude change.

and attitude objects are functions of affective and cognitive components.

Include some specific theories and models (yet to fully research yet) in paragraphs thereafter: Behavior-Based Attitude Change People’s attitude changes when they behave inconsistently with their attitudes and cannot justify their behavior through external means. The lack of external justification of a person’s inconsistent behavior leads to an internal justification of the behavior. This is known as the Cognitive Dissonance Theory (link), which is “a drive or feeling of discomfort, originally defined as being caused by holding two or more inconsistent cognitions and subsequently defined as being caused by performing an action that is discrepant from one’s customary, typically postiive self-conception.” (CITE: Aronson, 150) Cognitive dissonance is useful in changing attitudes of individuals or small numbers of people, by having people perform a task and behave in a way that goes against their attitude towards the attitude topic. For example, by asking smokers to give a speech on why smoking is harmful to the body, the smokers are performing a task that goes against their attitude towards smoking with little to no external justifications.

…. Using cognitive dissonance is useful to change the attitudes of individuals or small groups of people. In order to

Cognition-Based Attitude Change

Elaboration Likelihood Model Dual Mode Processing Models of Persuasion

Affect-Based Attitude Change

It has been suggested that the inter-structural composition of an associative network can be altered by the activation of a single node. Thus, by activating an affective or emotion node, attitude change may be possible, though affective and cognitive components tend to be intertwined. In primarily affective networks, it is more difficult to produce cognitive counterarguments in the resistance to persuasion and attitude change (Eagly & Chaiken, 1995)

Include three paragraphs specifying factors: Attitudinal Advocacy Attitudinal Advocacy aims to see what a person’s attitudes towards a particular issue or position, and anything contrary to his or her primary beliefs is called counterattitudinal advocacy (Chaiken et. al). Different research such as Role-Playing Research, and Causal Attributions show that a person believes that their behavior stems from an inducing force, not their underlying attitude (Chaiken et. al). Other factors that shape attitudinal advocacy include Shared Reality in Communications.

Message-Based Persuasion Message-Based Persuasion stems from the notion that people’s attitudes may be influenced based on other people’s cognitive advocacies (Chaiken et. al). The information that they receive from others and what they observe has the ability to change their attitudes. Motivational and affective processes influence message-based persuasion, for example, the Elaboration Likelihood Model by Petty and Cacioppo’s (1981, 1986) describes the process of how people tend to follow a centralized route to persuasion when motivation is high, whereas they choose a peripheral route when motivation is low.

Social Influence Within social contexts, interpersonal roles are more emphasized whereas Message-Based Persuasions and Attitudinal Advocacy are from intrapersonal motivations. Social reality have the power to motivate one’s attitudes. The dual-motive scheme relates to Festinger’s (1950) idea 1that society has the power to pressure people to change from group communications. In a study by Deutsch and Gerard (1955), it demonstrated that individuals were more likely to make judgments with others because of normative motives. They were found to show greater conformity to one another when they believed their group would be rewarded for successful task performance (Chaiken et. al). — Preceding unsigned comment added by Cmumelee (talk • contribs) 17:34, 9 April 2011 (UTC)

Radical changes have been implemented
Hello, In a previous posting I have proposed radical plans to edit and improve this article to meet Wikipedia standards of a good article. We have implemented the proposed plans and here is a summary of the changes we have made: -Radically reorganized the overall structure so the article. The current article acts aggregates various theories and models related to attitude change, and presents them in a logical way. Another goal to the structure change was for the article to also act as a portal to other wikipedia articles relating to the theories of attitude change. -Expanded the original emotion focused content to include more on cognitive related attitude changes, HSM, and cognitive dissonance. -Changed original citations to meet Wikipedia standards of in-text citations.

Any feedback is welcomed!

Jipinghe (talk) 18:05, 28 April 2011 (UTC)
 * A very welcome improvement: well done! Really pleasing to see so much content based on reliable academic sources. I haven't time for a full review, but I see that some sentences need another look, e.g. "Liking has shown that if one likes an opposite party, the individual is more inclined to carry out a favor", "Research has suggested multiple routes that cognitive dissonance can be reduced." - perhaps the latter should be "multiple ways in which people can reduce cognitive dissonance"? It would be worth going through making sure that any technical terms are defined and/or wikilinked. E.g. the sentence, "Other methods include concept or network mapping, and using primes or word cues" is factually correct, but for Wikipedia's general audience, who can't be assumed to know about psychology, it will be confusing. MartinPoulter (talk) 20:29, 9 May 2011 (UTC)

Incomplete reference
One of the footnotes is "Langer, Blank, & Chanowitz (1978)" but without any further details. It would be great to have full details of the reference. Some other footnotes seem to have a simlar issue. MartinPoulter (talk) 20:14, 9 May 2011 (UTC)

title: Talk:Attitude change


text:
Vector W8

The Vector W8 was a sports car produced by American automobile manufacturer Vector Aeromotive Corporation from 1989 to 1993. It was designed by company founder and chief designer Gerald Wiegert while receiving refinements by Vector's head of engineering David Kostka. The W8 was the production version of the Vector W2 prototype that the company demonstrated throughout the 1980s.

History and specifications
The W8 was an improved version of the company's earlier prototype, the W2. Production was delayed after the W2 was presented to the public in 1976 due to a downturn in the world economy and insufficient financial backing. Wiegert was finally able to secure sufficient financial reserves by the late 1980s, and the company grew from one building and four employees to four buildings and 80 employees, enough to accomplish Wiegert's dream to create his ultimate sports car. The design of the W8 was inspired by the Alfa Romeo Carabo, and continued that car's futuristic, wedge-shaped, aerodynamic design. The W8 combined the design characteristics of the Carabo with references to fighter jets of the era. The company utilized the newest and most advanced aerospace materials in manufacturing the W8, and the term "Aeromotive Engineering" was used by the company when referring to the manufacturing process of the W8. Prior to production, the W8 successfully passed DOT crash tests, as well as emissions tests. The semi-aluminum monocoque chassis was epoxy bonded and riveted with an aluminum honeycomb structure floor pan, and 5,000 aircraft specification rivets were used in the car's assembly. The body was made largely of lightweight carbon fiber and Kevlar.

The car was based around a Rodeck aluminum resleevable 365 cuin racing engine featuring TRW forged pistons, Carrillo stainless-steel connecting rods, stainless-steel valves, roller rocker arms, a forged crank, a dry-sump oiling system with three separate filters and braided stainless-steel hoses, with anodized red and blue fittings. The transmission was a highly modified Turbo-Hydramatic 425 General Motors three-speed automatic that had been used in front wheel drive Oldsmobile Toronado dating back some two decades earlier. The engine had two intercooled Garrett turbochargers, and had an advertised power output of 625 hp at 5,700 rpm and 649 lbft of torque at 4,900 rpm on 8 psi of boost pressure. Boost pressure levels were driver adjustable between 8 and 14 psi and during dyno testing at the factory, the engine recorded a maximum power output of 1200 bhp at 14 psi of boost pressure. The W8 utilized special Michelin XGT Plus tires (255/45ZR-16 at the front, 315/40ZR-16 at the rear) bespoke to the car with wide wheels in a design made to the owner's specifications. The W8's suspension utilized double A-arms up front and De Dion tube suspension at the rear, located by four trailing arms that stretched all the way forward to the firewall. Koni adjustable shocks, with concentric springs, were used all around. Brakes were 13-inch vented discs with Alcon aluminum 4-piston calipers at the front and rear.

The interior was upholstered in leather and suede, along with wool carpeting and floor mats. Electrically adjustable Recaro leather seats and an air-conditioning system completed the luxurious interior. The seating position of the driver was slightly towards the center of the car for better drivability. The main dashboard display had four display modes with information about the car's status, along with buttons for adjusting the car's various functions. The dashboard display and layout were similar to fighter jets of the era. Some driving amenities were excluded, such as power-assisted steering and anti-lock brakes, to lower the curb weight. The W8 generated a skidpad acceleration of 0.97g which was considered to be the highest in its class at the time.

Performance, aerodynamics and production

Vector claimed the W8 could reach a projected top speed of 242 mph, with acceleration from 0-60 mph achievable in a time of 3.9 seconds. According to the published tests of the W8 by Road & Track in its March 1991 and August 1992 issues, the W8 recorded a 0–60 mph acceleration time of 4.2 seconds, and in May 1991, Car and Driver was able to reach 60 mph in 4.1 seconds. Despite not conducting a top speed test, Road & Track provided an estimated 218 mph top speed based on the redline RPM of the W8's top gear in its 3-speed automatic transmission. Later aerodynamic testing further honed efficiency, bringing the car's drag coefficient ($$\scriptstyle C_\mathrm d\,$$) down to just 0.32 prior to DOT crash testing in Ann Arbor, Michigan.

The W8's design included subtle changes to the body during the production run, so that the initial car off the line looked slightly different from the last. Changes included the elimination of some gills, a lower front fascia and air splitter, and adjustments of the rear wing, mirror intakes, and front grill. After the top speed testing, production Vector W8s were no longer fitted with a removable glass roof due to buffeting that occurred at extreme speeds.

Seventeen customer cars and two pre-production cars were produced before Vector went into receivership in 1993.

Successor
The AWX-3 and AWX-3R were intended to be the successors of the W8. The model designations stood for Avtech Wiegert Experimental, 3rd generation, with the R suffix meaning the roadster version. Series production of the AWX-3 never began, production of the W8 ended in 1993 after a hostile takeover by the primary shareholder, Megatech. Wiegert sued Megatech and won back the design copyrights, equipment, and remaining unsold cars. In 1995, Megatech began production of the M12 which was based on the Lamborghini Diablo and was loosely based on the design of the AWX-3.

Media and reception
In 1991, the car received negative publicity when tennis star Andre Agassi returned his for a refund after the rear carpeting burned due to an overly hot exhaust system. Agassi insisted on receiving delivery before the car was fully prepared (four cars were completed prior to receiving approval), and Vector agreed to deliver it under the condition that the car would be kept in storage and not driven until Vector adjusted the emissions to make it road legal. Because of the delays with emissions compliance, Vector was forced to lay off 50 of its 80 employees while production was halted. The car finally passed emissions testing in mid-1991, allowing the company to start filling the 30 cars which had been ordered but not built.

Also in 1991 Car and Driver was unable to complete testing of the W8 because all three cars provided broke down in different ways. In a 2017 article, the magazine noted that the Vector W8 serves as an example of why they don't believe manufacturer's claims about a vehicle without testing it themselves and described the W8 as "vaporware".

In contrast to the negative Car and Driver article, Road & Track road tested the car without encountering any problems, praising nearly every aspect of the car's performance. The review concluded with: "Hats off to Gerald Wiegert and his team of dedicated engineers, and to all others with the fortitude and determination to have their dreams see the light of day."

title: Vector W8


text:
User talk:Ecthelion

Welcome!

Hello,, and welcome to Wikipedia! Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! Please sign your name on talk pages using four tildes (~~); this will automatically produce your name and the date. If you need help, check out Where to ask a question, ask me on my talk page, or place  on your talk page and someone will show up shortly to answer your questions. Again, welcome! Alai 02:23, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The five pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Help pages
 * Tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Ecthelion


text:
File:Alexander Pope as Pope Alexander.png

Satirical print depicting "A--- P--E," for Alexander Pope, depicted as a pope, with papal tiara and atop a stack of Pope's works. The Latin says, "Know thyself," and the verse at the bottom is Pope's own satire on Thersites. From Pope Alexander, an anonymous lampoon written in response to Dunciad in 1729. The print was also sold separately.

Other portraits of Pope markedly fail to display his curved spine (caused by a tubercular infection received at the age of 10). Compare the portraits in Alexander Pope and particularly the one in Image:Pope-dying.png, which is full length and obscures the spine. However, the satirist makes use of Pope's hunchback to make his monkey look almost like a rat.


text:
Talk:93rd Infantry Division (United States)

Dump
I'm dumping this here because it isn't wikified, and it seems to be just a copy/paste dump from the USCMH website, which could lead to copy vio issues. If I'm wrong, put it back -- but Wikify it. --Jpbrenna 02:25, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Combat Chronicle
An advance party of the 93d Infantry Division arrived at Guadalcanal, 29 January 1944. Other echelons landed 6, 17 February and 5 March, one regiment disembarking at the Russell Islands, 7 February. The bulk of the division engaged in training, labor and security duties on Guadalcanal, the Treasury Islands from 7 June, Hollandia, Dutch New Guinea, from 30 October. Component units performed similar duties at Wake Island, 20 January 1945 to 2 October, Finschhafen, 12 October 1944 to 31 March 1945, Los Negros, 29 September 1944 to 16 March 1945, and Blak, 10 October 1944 to 1 October 1945. Combat elements moved to Bougainville Island, 28 March 1944, and were attached to the Americal Division on the 30th. On that date they entered combat, assisting in attacks on the enemy perimeter. These elements, the 25th RCT, reconnoitered across the Laruma River, 2 April, and in the Torokina River Valley, 7 to 12 April 1944. The 25th RCT operated against the Japanese along the Kuma and East-West Trails during May. The combat team left for Green Islands during May and June. The 93d Rcn. Troop attached to the XIV Corps remained to raid, patrol, and maintain perimeter positions. The troop began training 12 September 1944, and moved to Finschhafen, 1 November. Security patrols had scattered contacts with the enemy at Urapas, 3 to 15 January 1945, at Wardo, 6 November-22 December, and at Wari 31 December. The security detachments at Wardo and Wari were withdrawn, 9-10 February 1945. Almost all of the Division occupied Morotai, Dutch New Guinea, 4 April to 21 October 1945. Scattered skirmishes occurred along the northwestern sector of the island. The 93d continued its labor and security missions. It occupied Sansapor, 5 April to 10 July 1945, Middleburg Island, 5 April to 7 October 1945, and Noemfoor Island, 13 April to 7 June 1945. The Division moved to Zamboanga, Philippine Islands, where it remained from 1 July 1945 to 7 January 1946. Patrols encountered light resistance until the end of hostilities, 15 August 1945. Palawan was occupied, 2 July to 5 December 1945, Jolo, 1 July to 2 October 1945, and Sanga-Sanga, 3 July 1945 to 6 January 1946. The Division arrived at Mindanao 9 October 1945, moved to Tacloban, Leyte, 13 January 1946, and left for home, 17 January.

Page move
I just noticed it - and it's wrong. Unfortunately, ninety years ago they didn't conform to Wikipedia numbering rules. Listing this at "U.S. 93nd (can that really be the correct Wikipedia or British English abbreviation?) Infantry Division" is historically incorrect. Just as we don't have United States Army Air Forces at "United States Army Air Force" or Royal Welch Fusiliers at "Royal Welsh Fusiliers," so we shouldn't have this here. It's historically incorrect, it was wrong to move it, and if you don't like that then tell it to the Marines. --Joe 06:03, 13 February 2006 (UTC)
 * I see, I think you were trying to move it to "93rd?"--Joe 06:09, 13 February 2006 (UTC)
 * Nope, I checked, "93d" is correct. http://www.army.mil/cmh-pg/topics/afam/93div.htm --Joe 06:14, 13 February 2006 (UTC)

Stop moving this page
"93rd Infantry Division" is historically correct. The sources give it as "93d Infantry Division." Also, this has been moved repeatedly without discussion and in such a manner as to create double redirects. The novice Wikipedians who are doing this need to check the discussion history before moving.--Joe 22:55, 2 March 2006 (UTC)

Speaking of moving pages, this page was recently moved to "United States *** Division." If you click on the infantry division category at the bottom of the page, all U.S. divisions are in the format "U.S. *** Infantry Division." Whoever moved the page should have checked the format before moving it. Nobunaga24 00:10, 3 March 2006 (UTC)
 * That was me, I was looking at all the redirects and accidentally moved the wrong one.--Joe 00:39, 3 March 2006 (UTC)

Comment hidden in page text

 * No one said they didn't fight - they just didn't fight as a division. The division was broken up and its regiments were seconded to the French Army, as noted in the article. We just need to get the French units to which they were attached and the battles in which they fought.  I have added the Second Battle of The Marne (369th Inf) to the infobox, but I don't have information on the other units yet.  --Joe 02:29, 3 March 2006 (UTC)

 * The following discussion is an archived debate of the . Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

move. — Nightst a  llion  (?) 11:35, 8 March 2006 (UTC)

Requested move
U.S. 93rd Infantry Division to 93d Infantry Division. Conforms to established Wikiproject Military History disambiguation practice while preserving historically correct "3d" abbreviation; cf. U.S. 3d Infantry Division. --Joe 01:18, 3 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Add *Support or *Oppose followed by an optional one-sentence explanation, then sign your vote with ~

 * Support.--Joe 00:54, 5 March 2006 (UTC)

Discussion

 * Add any additional comments

User:Jpbrenna Next time please read Requested moves and set up page moves using the three steps. You did not even get the current page name correct calling it by the redirect name United States 93rd Infantry Division in you request on WP:RM. --Philip Baird Shearer 18:06, 3 March 2006 (UTC)
 * At the time I posted the request, it was at "United States..." etc., not U.S. --Joe 00:13, 4 March 2006 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

WWI
The 93d was never officially known as anything but a "Provisional" division during the war. It was never officially termed the '93rd Divisions (Colored)',though it may have been informlly referred to as such. The divisional headquarters was organized on a provisional basis according to a skelteon manning, and there never was an intent to plus it up to regular strength, nor was it ever so organized. It's provisional status for the short life of the division (just 5 months) reflects this, as the artillery brigade, the division troops and the division trains were never organized. Authorized strength for the provisional division was nver more than one third of a regular division (9,000 vs 27,123). The division headquarters was expressly organized merely for ahort-term administrative control, rather than operational control. The four infantry regiments and division headquarters never serve together as a whole unit, with the regiments flowing overseas throughout a 5 month period. The division headquarters was disestablished just 3 weeks after the last infantry companies arrived in France.

In addition, the chart showing which French units the regiments fell under is confusing (two columns showing army, and one column showing division), inaccurate and incomplete. For instance, it shows the 170th Regiment serving under the French 26th Division during the period 1 Aug to 23 Oct; in fact the regiment never served with that division. It served under the French 73d, 133d, 10th, 34th Div (II Colonial Corps), 36th and finally (on 4 Sept 1918) the 59th Division. (All info in the preceeding paras comes from The Order of Battle of the United States Land Forces inthe World War, Vol 2.)

Finally, the idea that the 'main American Expeditionary Force' refused to serve with black units is an unsupportable assertion; the idea that the beliefs of an organization totaling one million men from all parts of the nation could be reduced to one sentiment on this issue is patently absurd.

Unless anyone objects, I'll modify the article in a couple of days. 98.255.89.22 (talk) 04:00, 12 October 2014 (UTC)


text:
Vicente Emilio Sojo

Vicente Emilio Sojo (December 8, 1887 – August 11, 1974) was a Venezuelan musicologist, educator and composer, born in Guatire, Miranda.

Biography
Vicente Emilio Sojo was born to a musical family. Most notable was the fact that both his great-grandfathers were Chapel Masters. In 1896 he began musical studies under professor Régulo Rico. In 1906 he moved to Caracas, where in 1910 he entered the School of Music and Declamation, while simultaneously continuing his self-taught studies in Humanities; in this period he began composing his first musical works. In 1921 he was appointed Music Professor in the School of Music and Declamation. He kept on composing works of diverse sorts for different instrumental and vocal combinations. In 1928, in the occasion of the foundation of the Orfeón Lamas, he wrote his first polyphonic opus.

In 1930 he already was Conductor of the Orfeón Lamas and had founded the Venezuela Symphony Orchestra, of which he was not only conductor-founder, but a resolute and constant driving force. In 1940, together with other composers he prepared the first song book for Venezuelan children. In 1944, the first promotion of composers graduated under Sojo in the José Ángel Lamas school of music.

Maestro Sojo also involved himself in domestic politics: he was one of the founders of the Accion Democratica Party (AD) in 1941. In 1958 was elected senator of the Republic by the Miranda state and was re-elected in 1963.

Vicente Emilio Sojo can be regarded as one of the main creators of the modern school of Venezuelan music. For the Orfeón Lamas, he compiled and he harmonized more than 200 songs of popular and national folklore, achieving a significant rescue of the Venezuelan musical tradition of the last centuries. Among his most important works are: Chromatic Mass (1922–1933) and Hodie Super Nos Fulgebit Lux (1935). In 1951 was granted the National Music award as recognition for his work.

Sojo's pupils include Alba Quintanilla and Ana Rugeles.

Works

 * 1911 Himno a Bolívar
 * 1912 Romanza sin palabras
 * 1913 Cuarteto en Re, for strings
 * 1914 Partitura para festiva
 * 1914 Tres motetes para la iglesia Santa Capilla
 * 1915 Misa Coral
 * 1918 Salve Reina
 * 1920 Obertura Treno
 * 1922 Ave María
 * 1923 Misa Cromática
 * 1924 Ocho responsorias y un Te Deum
 * 1925 Palabras de Cristo en el Calvario
 * 1926–1927 27 canciones de ayer
 * 1928 Por la Cabra Rubia
 * 1929 Requiem Inmemorian Patris Patriae
 * 1930–1933 Misa Breve
 * 1935 Misa a capella en honor a Santa Efigenia y a su fallecida esposa,La Noche, La Carretera, Rondel Matinal and Hondie nos Fulgebit Lux
 * 1939 Tres canciones infantiles
 * 1952 Tres piezas para guitarras
 * 1953 Misa para Santa Cecilia
 * 1958 10 canciones infantiles venezolanas
 * 1964–1969 9 Canciones infantiles

title: Vicente Emilio Sojo


text:
Talk:Matt Loughran

Untitled
For a May 2005 deletion debate over this page see Votes for deletion/Matt Loughran

title: Talk:Matt Loughran


text:
Agent Purple

Agent Purple is the code name for a powerful herbicide and defoliant used by the U.S. military in their herbicidal warfare program during the Vietnam War. The name comes from the purple stripe painted on the barrels to identify the contents. Largely inspired by the British use of herbicides and defoliants during the Malayan Emergency, it was one of the so-called "Rainbow Herbicides" that included the more infamous Agent Orange. Agent Purple and Orange were also used to clear brush in Canada.

Agent Purple was chemically similar to the better-known Agent Orange, both of them were consisting of a mixture of the herbicides 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T and in both cases the 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T constituted equal shares of the Agent. The difference was in the form of 2,4,5-T. While all the 2,4,5-T in Agent Orange was as the n-butyl ester, the 2,4,5-T in Agent Purple was itself mixture of n-butyl and isobutyl ester forms (60%:40% respectively). The Agent Purple had then the following composition: 50% n-butyl ester 2,4-D, 30% n-butyl ester 2,4,5-T, and 20% isobutyl ester 2,4,5-T.

Even prior to Operation Ranch Hand (1962-1971) it was known    that 2,4,5-T, and thus Agent Purple, Agent Pink, Agent Green, and Agent Orange, were contaminated with tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD), an extremely toxic and persistent by-product formed during synthesis. Dioxin-levels varied considerably from batch to batch, and even within the same batch; generally, agents produced earlier, such as Agent Purple and Agent Pink suffered from higher levels of contamination. A 2003 Nature paper by Stellman et al., which re-apprised the average TCDD content of Agent Orange from the 3 ppm that USAF had reported to a level of 13 ppm, also estimated that Agent Purple may have had 32.8 ppm of TCDD on average. A sample of Agent Purple archived at Eglin Air Force Base had an even higher content of 45 ppm TCDD.

Agent Purple was used only in the earliest stages of the spraying program, between 1962 and 1965 as well as in earlier tests conducted by the US military outside of Vietnam. About 500,000 U.S.gal were sprayed in Vietnam in total. When the need to clear brush around CFB Gagetown in Canada arose, quantities of Agent Purple and Agent Orange were also sprayed there in a testing program during 1966 and 1967.

title: Agent Purple


text: Talk:Aventura Mall

title: Talk:Aventura Mall


text:
Bahadur Yar Jung

Nawab Bahadur Yar Jung (also Bahadur Yar Jang; 3 February 1905 – 25 June 1944) was an Indian politician and foremost Muslim leader in the princely state of Hyderabad in British India. He founded All India Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen and the branches of Khaksars in Hyderabad and was known as a powerful religious preacher. In 1938, he was elected the President of Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen, a position in which he served till his death.

Career
Bahadur Yar Jung wanted his own princely home state, Hyderabad, to be separate from the rest of India as an Islamic/Muslim state with Sharia Law. He was the founder and led an organisation called Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen, for the propagation of Islam. A friend and aid to Mohammed Iqbal and Muhammad Ali Jinnah, he was one of the most admired leaders of the Pakistan Movement. In 1926, Bahadur Yar Jung was elected president of the Society of Mahdavis. In 1927, he led an organisation called Majlis-e-Ittehadul Muslimeen, of which he was the founder member. In 1930, he was elected secretary of the Union of Jagirdars which had been established in 1892 but was moribund. A great Muslim zealot, he advocated peaceful but separate and independent co-existence among people of different religions after the independence of British India. So he vigorously supported All India Muslim League and the Pakistan Movement. He was closely associated with both Allama Iqbal and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. He was an author and a practising Muslim.

Oratory
Matched by very few, his oratory skills served as a catalyst to the independence struggle of British India. On 26 December 1943, he delivered an important speech in the All India Muslim League Conference. In the first half of his speech he laid stress on the struggle for Pakistan. In the second half he talked about the creation of Pakistan. At the end he said,
 * "Muslims! Decisions made under pressure do not last for long. To-day we are not in need of a tree that blooms like a flower or in need of fruit that tastes sweet to our mouths. Instead, we are in the need of fine manure that dissolves in the soil and strengthens the roots. That will unite with the water and soil to produce beautiful flowers. That will destroy itself but will leave its scent and taste in the flowers. We are at present not in need of beautiful scenery that looks good to the eyes, but what we need are foundation stones that will bury themselves in the soil to make the building standing on them strong."

Syed al Maududi and the Nawab
Syed Abul A'la al-Maududi's first encounter with Bahadur Yar Jang was at the Hyderabad Educational Conference in 1929. Maududi said about him:"'When I listened to his speech on this occasion, I was not even aware of his name. Before too long in the course of his speech, I realized that I am facing a man different from the ordinary speakers. His organized thoughts, coherent statements, choice of appropriate words and their well-timed use peppered with good literary taste combined to impress me immediately. Upon asking around in the audience I was told that this was Navab Bahadur Khan, a jagirdar (landholder). On hearing his class background, I was even more impressed. Knowing the feudal class of Hyderabad, I did not expect such a great speaker with pure thoughts and wide knowledge to emerge from that class'."Despite this Maududi disassociated himself from the Nawab's Majlis e Ittehad as he found "no benefit in their method of work" and was also critical of him saying that:"'There definitely are some good qualities in Bahadur Yar Jang, but his mind is not clear yet. He [sometimes] raises the voice of the caliphate of God, [sometimes] he is with the Khaksars and the Muslim League. Sometimes he is involved in Haydarabadi non-Haydarabadi disputes'."Bahadur Yar Jang wrote a letter in 1938, expressing his appreciation for Mawdudi's activities and regretted that Mawdudi did not bid him farewell before the latter's departure to Punjab.

Personal life
He was the son of Nawab Naseeb Yar Jung, a prominent resident of Hyderabad. His wife's name was Talmain Khatoon. He had two brothers by name Nawab Mohammed Mandoor Khan Sadozai and Nawab Mohammed Doulath Khan Sadozai. Nawab Mohammed Mandoor Khan’s three sons (Nawab Mohammed Naseeb Khan, Nawab Mohammed Bahadur Khan & Nawab Mohammed Adil Khan). His Grandson Nawab Mohammad Moazam Khan s/o Nawab Mohammed Naseeb khan is an Bahadurpura constituency MLA since 2004-today from AIMIM party which was founded by Nawab Bahadur Yar Jung.

Commemorations

 * Bahadurabad, a neighbourhood of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, is named after Bahadur Yar Jung.
 * City of Karachi, Pakistan also has Bahadur Yar Jung Library and Bahadur Yar Jung Academy named after him.
 * In 1990, Pakistan Post issued a postage stamp depicting him in its 'Pioneers of Freedom' series designed by Saeed Akhtar.

title: Bahadur Yar Jung


text: User talk:216.170.8.173

title: User talk:216.170.8.173


text:
User talk:MrAndrews

Welcome
Hello , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! Double Blue (Talk) 02:34, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

Richard Parry (musician)
Thank you for your kind words on my talk page regarding editing the Richard Parry (musician) article. I only added what I could find from reputable sites on the internet, though I am familiar with The Arcade Fire and, therefore, thought improving his article page could be worthwhile.

I presume you are the contributor who added the info on his involvement with Literary Arts program at Canterbury High School (Ottawa) and his classmates. That was a very interesting addition. Quite a good group you had there!

Cheers, Double Blue (Talk) 02:42, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

How doo, Yes, that was me. I have my own wiki running this same software for my project so I'm used to the idea that I've got a user account and am logged in. Confused me to no end why my name wasn't appearing properly. :\

I attended CHS with Richard (in the Lit Arts program) way back when, but I've been so overloaded with work in the last few months I only just heard about The Arcade Fire. Followed a few links, found his page, did a happy dance for him, and added the very little bit of information I can reasonably talk about. I believe this is his father, who passed away in 1995. There was a massive wake for him at the Canadian Museum of Civilization, where he worked. Richard read a beautiful poem there in front of a huge crowd, and you just felt truly awful for him, but amazed at how strong he was. Aaaaanyway, all that's to say: I'm glad some goodness has come into his life, cause he deserves it. MrAndrews 19:03, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:MrAndrews


text:
Australian Party

The Australian Party was a political party founded and led by Billy Hughes after his expulsion from the Nationalist Party. The party was formed in 1929, and at its peak had four members of federal parliament. It was merged into the new United Australia Party in 1931, having never contested a federal election.

Background
Billy Hughes was a former prime minister who had been successively a member of the Labor Party, the National Labor Party, and the Nationalist Party. By 1928, he was the de facto leader of a group of backbenchers hostile to the government of Stanley Bruce (who had replaced him as Nationalist leader in 1923). He and his supporters began to frequently cross the floor and vote against the government, particularly on the controversial subject of industrial relations. On 22 August 1929, Hughes and Edward Mann were expelled from the Nationalist Party for voting in favour of an unsuccessful censure motion against the government. Tensions finally came to a head on 10 September, when Hughes successfully moved an amendment to the government's flagship Maritime Industries Bill. Bruce took this to be a vote of no confidence, and called an election for 12 October. Labor under James Scullin won a landslide victory, while Hughes and two other ex-Nationalists were re-elected as independents.

Formation
After the 1929 election, Hughes made unsuccessful attempts to rejoin both the Nationalists and the Labor Party, in the hopes that he could return as prime minister. He eventually resolved to form his own party, which he hoped would secure the balance of power. The new party was launched on 2 December 1929. Three other federal MPs joined Hughes as members—Walter Marks, George Maxwell, and Senator Walter Duncan. The press regarded the Australian Party as a simply a vehicle for Hughes' ambitions; The Sun, a Sydney tabloid, was the only newspaper to give it favourable publicity. The party claimed 75 branches and 4,000 members at its peak, but the only real activity took place in the electorates of its MPs. It was predominantly based in New South Wales, with a limited presence in Victoria and abortive attempts to expand to South Australia. Hughes and Marks were the party's chief financial backers, because membership fees were deliberately kept low and one of the party's planks was to refuse corporate donations. However, Hughes in particular was stingy with his money, sending the party treasurer only £100 out of a requested £250 for expenses and even then complaining about the cost.

Elections
The first election the Australian Party contested was a by-election to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in July 1930, in the Lane Cove constituency. With Frederick Dunn (a former mayor of Lane Cove) as its candidate, the party polled 25.6% of the vote, putting it in third place behind Labor (30.7%) and the Nationalists (43.5%). Despite it being a safe seat for the Nationalists, it was suggested by some that the Australian Party would have won if Labor had not contested the election.

At the October 1930 state election in New South Wales, the Australian Party fielded candidates in 18 seats (all but two in Sydney). It polled 9.8% of the vote in seats it contested, but only 2.1% state-wide. The campaign was widely regarded as a failure, given that the party had hoped to win multiple seats. Hughes had little interest in state politics, and campaigned mainly on federal issues. He presented his party as an alternative to the incumbent Nationalist government of Thomas Bavin, but anti-government voters overwhelmingly voted for Jack Lang's Labor Party, which won a landslide victory with 55.0% of the vote. Hughes complained frequently about the lack of press coverage his party received, calling the media "as conformist as fascist Italy or Soviet Russia in following a party line".

Demise
George Maxwell resigned from the party in May 1930 to rejoin the Nationalists, citing policy differences. The party secretary, W. F. Jackson, did likewise in August, personally attacking Hughes in an open letter to The Sydney Morning Herald. In September, Hughes published a 16-page pamphlet titled "Bond or Free? Sir Otto Niemeyer’s Report", which sold nearly 50,000 copies in a month (at threepence each). It was widely quoted in newspapers. The statement effectively placed the Australian Party to the left of the federal Labor government on economic issues, and close to the radical views held by Lang Labor. The Sun withdrew its support of the party, and Walter Marks resigned his membership, citing Hughes' failure to consult him.

The Australian Party virtually ceased to exist after the 1930 state election. On 15 April 1931, John Latham—the Nationalist leader and leader of the opposition—wrote to Hughes, Joseph Lyons, and Earle Page suggesting that they unify their parties and factions and form a united opposition to the Scullin government. Hughes and Lyons accepted, and the new United Australia Party (UAP) officially came into existence on 7 May, with Lyons as leader. Hughes and Walter Duncan, the Australian Party's sole remaining parliamentary members, joined the new UAP, as did Marks and Maxwell.

Hughes' biographer Laurie Fitzhardinge wrote of the Australian Party: "The party had no popular roots, but had been created from above, and only the untiring efforts of Hughes and Duncan kept it going. It lacked experience, it lacked a coherent programme, and above all it lacked finance".

Platform
The Australian Party presented itself as apolitical. It had a "vague and eclectic platform" which mixed left-wing populism and economic nationalism. Hughes wanted the party to be "democratic and progressive […] indeed so democratic that any Labor man may join and support it". Some policies were more or less lifted directly from the Labor platform, such as the abolition of state governors and legislative councils. Hughes nonetheless denounced the Labor Party as controlled by communists, while simultaneously attacking the Nationalists as responsible for the Great Depression. Other Australian Party policies reflected Hughes' pet interests, such as amending the constitution to increase the federal government's powers over commerce and industrial relations. In general the party platform put forward few specifics, and the party was almost wholly reliant on the personal appeal of Hughes for its support.

Members of parliament

 * Billy Hughes
 * Walter Duncan
 * Walter Marks
 * George Maxwell

Other members

 * Stan Lloyd
 * George Treloar
 * John Waddell

title: Australian Party


text:
Talk:9 O'Clock Gun

WP:MilHist Assessment
This article is somewhat short, but says just about all that could be said about an individual cannon. And it even has a picture! LordAmeth 16:38, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

not "just a cannon"
Re this: "The 21:00 firing was later established as a time signal for the general population and to allow the chronometers of ships in port to be accurately set" - the ship-chronometer thing was the WHOLE reason the gun was emplaced...the Nine O'Clock Gun was the equivalent of Greenwich as far as time in the Pacific goes, and was part of the new system of time zones established by the CPR's Van Horne (I think it was him, or one of the board guys) to coordinate global shipping. The general populatoin didn't really need a nine-oclock gun, its purpose (and cost) was entirely about shipping and vessels....I think that's in Morley's book, also most likely in Mathews' too.Skookum1 (talk)
 * Sounds good since you have the RS. I have emailed both Chevron and Esso to source the rock shot material. There is a Chevron station there now but the material says Esso. I was at HMCS Discovery at Deadman's Island when I first heard about it. I was told the cadet unit loaded the gun each day. It may be parks Van now but that needs sourcing to add as well. Heritage Horns has some gaps. I don't know when they got that name and emailed the relatives of Les Southwell to get a better source for his input. No response in months. I also emailed Robert Swanson's company, nil back from there as well.--Canoe1967 (talk) 03:52, 19 August 2013 (UTC)

Yes, it was stolen by UBC Engineering students
The one who stole it, shall remain nameless, and it was stored in someones garage who will also remain nameless. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 170.75.140.124 (talk) 19:39, 9 July 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:9 O'Clock Gun


text:
Capital FM

Capital FM may refer to:

Europe

 * Capital (radio network), a network of twelve UK-based music radio stations
 * YLE Capital FM, a Finnish radio station

North America

 * CIBX-FM, a Fredericton, New Brunswick radio station that used the "Capital FM" brand name in the 2000s and 2010s
 * CKGC-FM, an Iqaluit, Nunavut radio station that uses Capital FM as a brand name
 * CKRA-FM, "96.3 Capital FM", an Edmonton, Alberta radio station

Africa

 * 98.4 Capital FM, a Kenyan radio station owned by Capital Group LTD
 * Capital Radio 604, a former South African radio station

Asia

 * Capital FM 88.9, a former radio station in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
 * Radio Capital (Dhaka), a radio station based in Dhaka, Bangladesh
 * Capital 95.8FM, a Mandarin-language radio station in Singapore
 * DWFT, broadcasting as 104.3 Capital FM2, a radio station in Metro Manila, Philippines.

title: Capital FM


text:
Category talk:Operetta

Wikiproject
There is Wikipedia project for operetta: WikiProject Operetta. Participants and comments welcome. --02:37, 2005 Jun 15 (UTC)

title: Category talk:Operetta


text: User talk:210.8.54.32

title: User talk:210.8.54.32


text:
Dance Club Songs

Dance Club Songs was a chart published weekly between 1976 and 2020 by Billboard magazine. It used club disc jockeys set lists to determine the most popular songs being played in nightclubs across the United States.

History
The Dance Club Songs chart underwent several incarnations since its inception in 1974. Originally a top-10 list of tracks that garnered the largest audience response in New York City discothèques, the chart began on October 26, 1974, under the title Disco Action. The chart went on to feature playlists from various cities around the country from week to week. Billboard continued to run regional and city-specific charts throughout 1975 and 1976 until the issue dated August 28, 1976, when a 30-position National Disco Action Top 30 premiered. The first number-one song on the chart for the issue dated August 28, 1976, was "You Should Be Dancing" by the Bee Gees, spending five weeks atop the chart and the group's only number-one song on the chart.

The chart would continue to be published continuously for over 40 years, but with changes. The chart soon expanded to 40 positions, then in 1979 the chart expanded to 60 positions, then 80, and eventually reached 100 positions from September 1979 until 1981, when it was reduced back to 80. During the first half of the 1980s, the chart maintained 80 slots until March 16, 1985, when the Disco charts were splintered and renamed. Two charts appeared: Hot Dance/Disco Club Play, which ranked club play (at 50 positions), and Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales, which ranked 12-inch single (or maxi-single) sales (also 50 positions, later reduced to 10 and discontinued in 2013, since replaced by Dance/Electronic Digital Songs).

On January 26, 2013, Billboard introduced the Hot Dance/Electronic Songs chart, which tracks the 50 most popular dance and electronic songs as determined by Billboard based on digital single sales, streaming, radio airplay across all formats, and club play, with Dance Club Songs serving as the club play component to the multi-metric chart.

On March 31, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, which caused the closures of clubs, Billboard suspended the chart. The last number-one song, for the issue dated March 28, 2020, was "Love Hangover 2020" by Diana Ross. Even after the pandemic receded and club attendance increased again, Billboard has not revived the chart nor published any information about a possible revival, effectively ending the nearly 44-year run of the chart.

Statistics and Record World data
Although the disco chart began reporting popular songs in New York City nightclubs, Billboard soon expanded coverage to feature multiple charts each week which highlighted playlists in various cities such as San Francisco, San Diego, Boston, Los Angeles, Miami, Phoenix, Detroit, and Houston. During this time, Billboard rival publication Record World was the first to compile a dance chart which incorporated club play on a national level. Noted Billboard statistician Joel Whitburn has since "adopted" Record Worlds chart data from the weeks between March 29, 1975, and August 21, 1976, into Billboards club play history. For the sake of continuity, Record Worlds national chart is incorporated into both Whitburn's Dance/Disco publication (via his Record Research company) as well as the 1975 and 1976 number-ones lists.

With the issue dated August 28, 1976, Billboard premiered its own national chart (National Disco Action Top 30) and their data is used from this date forward.

In January 2017, Billboard proclaimed Madonna as the most successful artist in the history of the chart, ranking her first in their list of the 100 top all-time dance artists. Madonna holds the record for the most number-one songs with 50. Katy Perry holds the record for having eighteen consecutive number-one songs. Perry's third studio album, Teenage Dream (2010), became the first album in the history of the chart to produce at least seven number-one songs by a lead artist It held this record until Rihanna's eighth studio album Anti produced eight chart toppers from 2016 to 2017. Rihanna is the only artist to have achieved five number-one songs in a calendar year.

Longest climbs to number one
Sources:
 * 19th week — "Wordy Rappinghood"/"Genius of Love" by Tom Tom Club
 * 19th week — "Walking on a Dream" by Empire of the Sun
 * 17th week — "Losing It" by Fisher
 * 16th week — "The Look of Love" by ABC
 * 16th week — "Most Precious Love" by Blaze presents U.D.A.U.F.L. featuring Barbara Tucker
 * 16th week — "Where Have You Been" by Rihanna
 * 16th week — "Right Now" by Rihanna featuring David Guetta

Biggest jump to number one

 * (27–1) Thriller (all cuts) by Michael Jackson

Number-one songs covered by different artists

 * "The Boss" — Diana Ross (1979), The Braxtons (1997), Kristine W (2008), and again Diana Ross (2019).
 * "You Make Me Feel (Mighty Real)" — Sylvester (1978) and Byron Stingily (1998)
 * "Back to Life" — Soul II Soul (1989) and Hilary Roberts (2019).
 * "Keep on Jumpin'" — Musique (1978) and Todd Terry with Martha Wash & Jocelyn Brown (1996)

Records and other achievements

 * Madonna holds the record for the most chart hits, the most top-twenty hits, the most top-ten hits and the most total weeks at number one (75 weeks).
 * Enrique Iglesias, Dave Audé, Pitbull, and David Guetta are tied with 14 number-ones on the chart, the most among male artists.
 * Rihanna became the first artist to earn 4 number-ones on the chart in a year (2007), a feat she repeated a record 3 additional times before becoming the first act to earn 5 number-ones in a year (2017) as well.
 * Madonna scored three number-ones in a single year seven times (1985, 2001, 2003, 2006, 2012, 2015, 2019), making her the first and most act to do so.
 * Kylie Minogue became the first act to have two songs in the top three on March 5, 2011. Her song "Better than Today" was number-one while "Higher", a song by Taio Cruz on which Minogue features, was number three. On July 28, 2016, Rihanna became the second act to achieve this when her songs "Kiss It Better" and "Needed Me" were number one and three concurrently, however it made her the first act to have two songs in the top three as the lead act on both. David Guetta was the third to earn this distinction during the chart week of November 24, 2018, when "(It Happens) Sometimes", under his alias Jack Back, was number two, while his "Don't Leave Me Alone" collaboration with Anne-Marie was number three.
 * Madonna was the first artist in the chart's history to have 2 studio albums with 5 number-one songs each topping the chart, respectively; from her eighth studio album Music and her ninth studio album American Life; Katy Perry has since surpassed this record, achieving 7 number-ones from her third studio album Teenage Dream, and 5 number-ones from her fourth, Prism
 * The first 12-inch single made commercially available to the public was "Ten Percent" by Double Exposure in 1976.
 * The first number one on Billboard's Disco Action chart was "Never Can Say Goodbye" by Gloria Gaynor in 1974.
 * The first number one on Billboard's National Disco Action Top 30 was "You Should Be Dancing" by the Bee Gees in 1976.
 * Until February 2020, Madonna has the record for most number-one songs in any Billboard chart with her record-extending 50 number-ones toping the Billboard Dance Club Songs Chart.
 * From the dance chart's inception until the week of February 16, 1991, several (or even all) songs on an EP, album or 12-inch single could occupy the same position if more than one track from a release was receiving significant play in clubs (for example, Donna Summer charted several full-length albums, both Chaka Khan and Madonna have hit number one with remix albums). Chart entries like this were especially prevalent during the disco era, where an entire side of an album would contain several songs segued together seamlessly to replicate a night of dancing in a club.  Beginning with the February 23, 1991 issue, the dance chart became "song specific", meaning only one song could occupy each position at a time.
 * Because of the former policy allowing multiple songs to occupy one position at the same time, there have been three instances when not only multiple songs were at number one, but the songs were performed by different artists. In all scenarios this was due to the tracks being included in film soundtrack albums.  In 1978, four tracks from Thank God It's Friday (Donna Summer, Pattie Brooks, Love & Kisses, Sunshine); in 1980, three tracks from Fame (two by Irene Cara and one by Linda Clifford); and in 1985, two songs from Beverly Hills Cop (Patti LaBelle, Harold Faltermeyer) hit number one together.
 * Madonna additionally became the first act to have scored at least one No. 1 on the Dance Club Songs chart in five separate decades since the chart's inception in 1976, having tallied 9 in the 1980s, 13 in the '90s, 18 in the 2000s, 9 in the '10s and, now, one (so far) in the '20s.
 * The Trammps are the only act to replace themselves at number one (issue date June 5, 1976, "That's Where the Happy People Go" → "Disco Party").
 * The longest running number-ones on the Hot Dance Club Songs chart are "Bad Luck" by Harold Melvin & the Blue Notes$1$ in 1975 and the album Thriller by Michael Jackson. Both entries spent eleven weeks in the top spot.
 * "One Word" by Kelly Osbourne made chart history on June 18, 2005, when it became the first song to simultaneously top the Hot Dance Club Songs, Hot Dance Singles Sales and Hot Dance Airplay charts.
 * Madonna is also the first act ever to score as many as 50 No. 1s on any single Billboard chart, extending her record over George Strait, who has earned 44 leaders on Hot Country Songs.
 * LeAnn Rimes became the first country music artist to have topped both the Billboard country chart and the Hot Dance Club Songs chart. Rimes, who had several remixes of her country hits reach the dance chart, achieved that distinction during the week of February 28, 2009, when the electronic dance music remixes of her 2008 single "What I Cannot Change" reached number one.
 * Olivia Newton-John and Chloe Lattanzi's collaboration with Dave Audé, "You Have to Believe", which reached number one in its November 21, 2015 issue, made history for Newton-John and Lattanzi, as they became the first mother-daughter duo to reach number one on this chart as well as picking up their first number ones at Dance Club Songs as well, although Newton-John had charted four times prior to this.
 * Sting has the distinction of being the only artist to reach number one twice on this chart with a song he recorded and re-recorded, as his original version of "Stolen Car (Take Me Dancing)" featuring Twista reached that position in 2004, and again in 2016 as a featured duet with Mylène Farmer for "Stolen Car". In both cases, they were also remixed by Dave Audé, which is another first on this chart that a remixer reached number one with a song he remixed twice.

Footnotes
 * $2$ Summer's total would be 18 if including two titles that hit number one during the span of time in which Record World's dance chart data is used (see "Statistics and Record World data"). Billboard credits Summer with only 16 number-ones.
 * $1$ Eight of the 11 weeks-at-number-one for "Bad Luck" is during the span of time in which Record World's dance chart data is used (see "Statistics and Record World data").

title: Dance Club Songs


text:
Talk:Quantum sort

Non-existence
Speedy deletion reason by User:WAS_4.250:
 * No source listed. No source found when I searched. This is a dictionary definition with an unprovable assertion as the Quantum computer does not exist and the Quantum algoritm does not exist.

I removed this deletion tag because I don't think an article that has already been AfD'd twice can be subjected to a speedy delete.

Unprovable or not, remember that our criterion is verifiability, not truth. It looks like there is sufficient source material to build a decent article on this concept, regardless of whether such a thing will ever actually be constructed. ~ Booya Bazooka 14:40, 17 June 2007 (UTC)

 * "Quantum sort is sorting on a quantum computer" really isn't saying much. I suggest we redirect this article to Bogosort, which is sourced.  > R a d i a n t <  11:16, 18 June 2007 (UTC)

 * There is more to the concept of sorting on a quantum machine than the bogosort joke, though. The article doesn't currently say much of anything, you're right.  But it should say a lot more. ~ Booya Bazooka 11:46, 18 June 2007 (UTC)
 * If it could say anything not already covered in sorting and quantum computing and such, go for it. Frankly I'm no expert on the subject, it's just that at present this article is pretty close to our definition of lack of content.  > R a d i a n t <  13:15, 18 June 2007 (UTC)

Implementation details
I can't believe I'm the only person to have thought of this, but every time I explain it physicists start edging away from me. Quantum sorting is in fact very swift and very simple. All one has to do is randomly rearrange your items to be sorted using some kind of seed derived from an interaction in quantum dynamics (like radioactive decay noise). If the randomly rearranged items are not in order, destroy the universe*. Due to the branching of universes, at least one universe will now exist in which the items are in order. Naturally, as this constitutes original research, for which I undoubtedly deserve some sort of prize, I shall not be adding it to the article.

 * Details are left as an exercise for the reader.

 * That is called post-selection, and sadly you are not the first to think of it anon. I reccomend taking a look at the work of Scott Aaronson or Jargon file :P. --DFRussia (talk) 20:53, 29 June 2010 (UTC)

Merge
This article does not deserve to be on its own, and should be merged into the general sorting article. --DFRussia (talk) 20:53, 29 June 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Quantum sort


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Religous nelly

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete Religous nelly, redirect Religous zealot. Eugene van der Pijll 19:45, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Religous nelly & Religous zealot
According to Google, "Religious nelly" is a not a common term. Results 1 - 5 of 5 for "Religious nelly". Another article created by the same person is "Religous zealot", please note the missing "i" just like the nelly one. Anyways could zealot be more of a stub or merge into an established article? According to Google, it is a common term. Chill Pill Bill 02:41, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * delete both. There may be some room for an article on religious zealotry, but neither of these would be a good starting point. Since they're spelled wrong (and the misspellings are not common), and do not contain useful content, both should simply be deleted. Brighterorange 03:39, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete both per Brighterorange - he's exactly right. -- BD2412 talk 04:34, 2005 Jun 15 (UTC)
 * Redirect "Religous" Zealot as a common typo misspelling. Xoloz 05:58, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: Both terms are just the usual petulance. There are too many synonyms for an article on this.  You could have fanatic, fundamentalist, religious conversion, and, of course, the real Zealots, who were a political faction. Geogre 11:50, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Religous nelly, not a term in real use. Redirect Religous zealot to Zealot. Dpbsmith (talk) 00:41, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete both. I do not like support of typos, this can get out of hand. Pavel Vozenilek 23:30, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Religous nelly and redirect Religous zealot per Xoloz. I agree that this typo is common enough to be redirected. Sjakkalle (Check!)  14:57, 21 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text: User talk:80.169.135.226

title: User talk:80.169.135.226


text:
User:Brianray

Hi :)

facebook http://www.facebook.com/brianray34

LinkedIn http://linkedin.com/in/brianray

title: User:Brianray


text: Category:Chobits

title: Category:Chobits


text:
YLE Capital FM

YLE Capital FM was a Finnish radio station owned by Yle. It broadcast foreign language programming 24 hours a day, in cooperation with major international broadcasters. Capital FM also aired Yle broadcasts about Finland in English and Russian, French and German. Capital FM could be listened to in Greater Helsinki (97.5 MHz), Tampere (88.3 MHz), Turku (96.7 MHz), Lahti (90.3 MHz) and Kuopio (88.1 MHz). In August 2005, the name of the station was changed into Yle Mondo. The FM frequencies outside Helsinki were unavailable for use by the Yle Mondo, but services continue in Helsinki. The channel is also available throughout Finland as one of the audio channels of the Yle Digital Television.

Capital FM had started in 1978 as a relay of Yle External Service (Yle Radio Finland) programming for the capital metroplex area. With the gradual expansion of foreign language output on YLE Radio Finland, the station was on the air almost 12 hours per day, but there were blank hours between segments. For some special occasions, a full-service schedule was produced, such as the tenth anniversary of the CSCE 1975 Summit arranged in 1985 and Summit between George Bush and Michail Gorbachov in September 1990.

During an international broadcasting meeting (hosted by the CBC) in Hamilton, Ontario, in the spring of 1990, the head of external broadcasting at Yle, Juhani Niinisto, had talked with various international broadcasters about the possibility of a launching a relay-based service. The response had been positive, but final corporate go ahead was not given in Finland until the summer of 1991.

The first programme lineup included the Voice of America in its light VOA Europe version, BBC World Service and Deutsche Welle in German. Radio France Internationale in French joined shortly. By the mid-1990s, the station had added  ABC Radio Australia (via WRN, London), National Public Radio (US)  and the Spanish domestic news network RNE Todo Noticias in Spanish. For some two years, the station also carried the C-SPAN Weekly Radio Journal from the US.

Spanish was important as tens of thousands of Finnish nationals spent part of winters in Spain. It was also better to relay a domestic channel than the external broadcaster from that country. In the early 2000s, China Radio International in English, domestic services from Norway and Denmark, in Norwegian and Danish, South African Broadcasting Corporation SABC in English (via WRN) and the Vatican Radio in Italian had been added. The Vatican Radio was taken as efforts to get RAI in Italian had failed.

In 1998, the Yle international foreign language production was changed to be produced primarily for the Capital FM, with secondary use as an international service. That meant early morning production for the domestic prime time. With the closing of the Yle external service foreign language production in English, German and French in October 2002, the Yle News unit established within Yle News kept producing morning newscasts on the previous schedule.

In the mid-1990s, the service was expanded, part-time, to five other Finnish cities where additional Yle frequencies were available.

For several years, the Capital FM offered separate DAB versions on two DAB channels in Southern Finland, one of them was in English only, the other in non-English foreign languages. The service was closed with the end of DAB services in the mid-2000s.

title: YLE Capital FM


text:
Experience Unlimited

Experience Unlimited (also known as simply E.U.) is a Washington, D.C.-based go-go/funk band that enjoyed its height of popularity in the 1980s and early 1990s. Fronted by lead singer/bassist Gregory "Sugar Bear" Elliot, the group has had a fluctuating membership over the years, but they have maintained a fairly loyal following.

History
The band's biggest hit was 1988's "Da Butt," which appeared on the soundtrack for the Spike Lee film School Daze. The song charted at number 35 on the Billboard Hot 100. Following the Spike Lee soundtrack success the band signed a deal with Virgin Records and scored two additional Top Billboard Hits. The first hit was "Buck Wild" which was co-written and co-produced by William "Ju Ju" House and the late Kent Wood. "Buck Wild" peaked at #7 on the R&B/Hip Hop Charts. The second Top Billboard hit following the group's #1 R&B hit "Da Butt" was released on February 2, 1988.

"Taste of Your Love," sung by E.U.'s lead singer, Edward "Junie" Henderson, was the band's last Billboard top-ten hit. It was co-written (along with Harold "Chucky" Lloyd) and produced by Marvin Ennis. Ennis also played all of the instruments and did all of the background vocals on the track contrary to what the credits on the Livin' Large album reflect. The song "Da Butt" and the actual band which included Gregory Elliott, William House, Ivan Goff, Kent Wood, Valentino Jackson, Edward Henderson, Mike Taylor, Darryl Hayes, and J. Foxx, were featured in Spike Lee's film School Daze." The song was written by Marcus Miller and performed by E.U. The song reached number one on the Billboard's Hot Black Singles chart[1] for the week of April 23, 1988, and was ranked #61 on VH1's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders of the 80s. The music video was directed by Spike Lee. E.U. experienced a resurgence in the mid to late 1990s, by partnering with the jazz, gospel, pop and gospel session singer, Maiesha Rashad, while performing under the name Maiesha and The Hip Huggers featuring E.U. Maiesha and The Hip Huggers have headlined events and concert venues such as B.B. King's Blues Club and Grill, DAR Constitution Hall, Black Family Reunion and D.C.'s Stone Soul Picnic and Unifest.

In 2012, "Da Butt" was licensed for an Xbox 360 game Dance Central 3.

In 2019, E.U. have reunited to perform Da Butt at the 2019 BET Awards.

In 2023 “Hey You”, from their 1977 debut album was featured in New Balance advertisements.

Studio albums

 * Free Yourself (1977)
 * Rock Yuh Butt (1988)
 * Livin' Large (1989) U.S. #158, U.S. R&B #22
 * Cold Kickin' It (1990) U.S. R&B #92
 * Make Money (1996)
 * School Daze Revisited (2008)

Live albums

 * Future Funk (1982) Unifest
 * 2 Places at the Same Time (1986)
 * Go Ju Ju Go (1987)

title: Experience Unlimited


text:
Emil Fuchs (theologian)

Emil Fuchs (13 May 1874, Beerfelden, Grand Duchy of Hesse – 13 February 1971) was a German theologian, the son of Georg Friedrich Fuchs and Auguste Louise Wilhelmine Lonni Hauss.

A religious socialist, Fuchs was one of the first Lutheran pastors to join the Social Democratic Party of Germany. As a devoted pacifist, he later joined the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers). He was a Fellowship holder at Woodbrooke College (now Woodbrooke Quaker Study Centre), Selly Oak, Birmingham from 1934 to 1935.

Fuchs was both a committed Christian and socialist and wrote numerous books on the relationship of Marxism and Christianity. In 1958 Fuchs became honorary member of the East German CDU, that was part of the East German government and pursued a pro-communist course. On 9 February 1961 Fuchs was member of a Christian commission that was charged with discussing the issues of state and church with the GDR leader Walter Ulbricht. Since then Emil Fuchs engaged for normalisation of relations between the state and church in East Germany. Though a loyal GDR supporter Fuchs occasionally opposed the party line: he was against the persecution of the Young Congregations (Junge Gemeinden) in 1950s and when conscription was introduced in East Germany, he managed to persuade the communist leadership to allow an alternative for armed service. Men who refused usual service in the army could accordingly serve as 'construction soldiers', who, as evident from the term, did mostly construction tasks.

In 1906 he married Else Wagner (1875–1931), who later committed suicide. They had four children: Elisabeth (1908–1939, suicide), Gerhard (1909–1951), Klaus (1911–1988) and Kristel (1913–2008). His son Klaus Fuchs, a physicist, was an atomic spy, convicted of supplying information from the British and American atomic bomb research to the USSR during, and shortly after, World War II.

title: Emil Fuchs (theologian)


text:
Talk:Chobits media information

First header
For a May 2005 deletion debate over this page see Votes for deletion/Chobits media information

title: Talk:Chobits media information


text:
Old Las Vegas Mormon Fort State Historic Park

Old Las Vegas Mormon Fort State Historic Park is a state park of Nevada. It contains the Old Mormon Fort (completed 1855), the first permanent structure built in what would become Las Vegas fifty years later. In present-day Las Vegas, the site is at the southeast corner of Las Vegas Boulevard and Washington Avenue, less than one mile north of the downtown area and Fremont Street. This is the only U.S. state park located in a city that houses the first building ever built in that city. The fort was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on February 1, 1972. The site is memorialized with a tablet erected by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1997, along with Nevada Historical Marker #35, and two markers placed by the Daughters of Utah Pioneers.

Architecture and purpose
It was built in the New Mexico folk carpenter architectural style to facilitate travel along the Spanish Trail, and to enable Mormon missionary work in the Las Vegas Valley and to those traveling from New Mexico to California.

The fort was surrounded by 14 ft high adobe walls that extended for 150 ft. While called a fort, it was never home to any military troops but like many Mormon forts provided a defense and shelter for local settlers and travelers.

Mormon period
Mormon missionaries led by William Bringhurst arrived on June 14, 1855, and selected a site, along one of the creeks that flowed from the Las Vegas Springs, on which they would build the fort. The fort served as the midpoint on the trail between Salt Lake City, Utah and Los Angeles, California. As a result of the beginning of the Utah War, the Mormons abandoned the fort.

Civil War period
Around 1860, a small detachment of U.S. Army troops was assigned to protect the settlers at the fort.

The fort was called Fort Baker during the Civil War, named after Edward Dickinson Baker. In a letter from Col. James Henry Carleton written to Pacific Department headquarters, December 23, 1861, Carleton mentions his plan to send an advance party of seven companies from Fort Yuma to reoccupy Fort Mojave and reestablish the ferry there. Carleton then intended to send on from there three cavalry companies and one of infantry to the Mormon fort at Las Vegas, and establish a post called Fort Baker. This was in preparation for an advance to Salt Lake City the following year. The move to reoccupy Fort Mojave never occurred as planned because Carleton's California Column at Fort Yuma were sent instead into Arizona and New Mexico to evict the Confederates there the next year. However, Fort Mojave was later reoccupied in 1863 by Union troops from California. In 1864, a road survey party led by Captain Price, Company M, 2nd California Cavalry Regiment traveled on the route from Fort Douglas to Fort Mojave passing through Las Vegas, stopping for water there on June 10. No mention is made of any garrison there. Presumably the post was never garrisoned during the Civil War.

Ranching/early Las Vegas period
In 1865, Octavius Gass re-occupied the fort and started the irrigation works, renaming the area to Los Vegas Rancho (later renamed Las Vegas in 1902). Gass defaulted on a loan to Archibald Stewart in 1881 and lost the ranch, with Stewart and his wife Helen becoming the new caretakers. In 1902, William A. Clark's San Pedro, Los Angeles, and Salt Lake Railroad acquired the property from Helen Stewart along with most of what is now downtown Las Vegas, transferring most of the company's land to the now defunct Las Vegas Land and Water Company.

Site preservation
Ownership of the fort and the land around it changed hands many times and it had several close calls with destruction. In 1955, the land was acquired by the Las Vegas Elks. With support of the Daughters of Utah Pioneers, the city of Las Vegas acquired the fort in 1989. Long-term protection was gained when the state acquired the site as a state park in 1991.

A $4.5 million renovation and visitor center, designed by assemblageSTUDIO, was completed in 2005. A visitor center explains the history of the fort.


text:
The Knot Garden

The Knot Garden is the third opera by composer Michael Tippett for which he wrote the original English libretto. The work had its first performance at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, on 2 December 1970 conducted by Sir Colin Davis and produced by Sir Peter Hall. There is a recording with the original cast.

Performance history
The first American performance was in 1974 at Northwestern University, and the first German performance in 1987 at the Musiktheater im Revier in Gelsenkirchen. In 1984 Tippett authorised Meirion Bowen to create a reduced orchestration for a revival with the London Sinfonietta at the Wilde Theatre, conducted by Howard Williams. The reduced version has been revived six times, with productions in Britain, America, Australia, and Austria. There was a revival at the Royal Opera House in 1988, directed by Nicholas Hytner and, in 2005, Scottish Opera produced the opera for the Tippett centenary.

Act 1
The psychiatrist Mangus introduces the action. Thea enters, soon followed by the hysterical girl Flora, who rushes screaming into Thea's arms. Faber enters, and Thea sends Flora off with Mangus, then scolds Faber for (as she imagines) playing the lecher with Flora. Faber protests "I do not flirt with Flora; Flora screams before I...impossible!"

Mel and Dov enter dressed up as Ariel and Caliban from The Tempest. They are lovers, but Mel flirts with Thea, and out of jealousy Dov makes a play for Faber. This tense foursome is disrupted when Flora again rushes in screaming: Thea's sister Denise has arrived for a visit, and she is disfigured by torture. Denise introduces herself in a dramatic aria about her struggle for universal justice. This becomes an ensemble, and the act closes on Mel's soft rejoinder, "Sure, baby."

Act 2
The second act is a dreamlike series of dialogues. In the score, the composer described his vision of the staging: "It appears as if the centre of the stage had the power to 'suck in' a character at the back of the stage, say, and 'eject' him at the front. During their passage through the maze, characters meet and play out their scenes. But always one of the characters in these scenes is about to be ejected while a fresh character has been sucked in and is whirled to the meeting point."

The first pair to appear are Thea and Denise, who speak in parallel, unable to meet. Thea is replaced by Faber, who does make some contact with the touchy Denise, but she is then replaced by Flora, who again reacts to Faber with screams. She is whirled offstage and Denise reappears with a horsewhip, followed by Dov, who continues his earlier flirtation. Faber is responsive, but is spun offstage and replaced by Mel, and the lovers share a duet acknowledging that their affair is ending. Dov now disappears to be replaced by Denise, who sees Mel as representing the oppressed of the earth (the tune to "We Shall Overcome" appears in the orchestra). Characters appear and disappear in quick succession until the sequence ends with Flora alone with Dov.

Dov comforts Flora by encouraging her to sing, and she performs "Die liebe Farbe" from Schubert's Die schöne Müllerin. Dov responds with the song that would later form the first part of the Songs for Dov cycle. The act ends on Mel's re-entry.

Act 3
Mangus declares that his production of The Tempest has begun: "This garden is now an island," and the characters obligingly play out the roles Mangus assigns them. In addition to Mel and Dov as Caliban and Ariel, Faber becomes Ferdinand, Flora becomes Miranda, and Mangus is Prospero. Thea and Denise remain themselves and comment on the action, critical of Mangus's controlling and voyeuristic role as impresario of the drama. At the conclusion of the charade Mel and Denise leave together, followed by Dov, who is not yet able to let go. Flora goes off alone. Thea and Faber are reconciled.

Recordings

 * Philips 412 707 1: Raimund Herincx, Yvonne Minton, Jill Gomez, Josephine Barstow, Thomas Carey, Robert Tear, Thomas Hemsley; Orchestra of the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden; Sir Colin Davis, conductor

title: The Knot Garden


text:
User talk:Caynee

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! - UtherSRG 02:44, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)
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title: User talk:Caynee


text:
Talk:Téa Leoni

Pronunciation
we need pronounciation of the name.

 * A commercial for The Naked Truth, sung to the tune of La Bamba, spoofed this. The lyrics went akin to "Her name is Te-ah, it rhymes with Princess Leia...whatever you do, don't pronounce it tea!" USN1977 (talk) 17:15, 21 August 2009 (UTC)

Redirect
can someone redirect Tea Leoni to here? Godm0de 05:22, 3 January 2006 (UTC)

Italian
This doesn't seem to say that her great-grandmother wasn't Italian, nor does the genealogy site. This says "The name Téa is a variation of a Tahitian name belonging to a friend of her parents at the University of Virginia, where they met. Her mother is from Texas, her father is a New Yorker of Polish-Italian lineage who practiced law. The family name was Pantaleoni." The other site doesn't give much info. on her great-grandmother. Since most sources classify her grandfather as Italian, it violates WP:NOR to say her great-grandmother wasn't. Michael 03:59, 25 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Is there a reputable source that explicitly calls her grandfather Italian? I haven't ever seen a single reputable source that called her grandfather "Italian" or even "Italian-American". Just one or two sources that noted Leoni's father had Polish and Italian heritage and didn't get into further details Mad Jack 06:16, 25 September 2006 (UTC)
 * BTW, the Wiki article says her great-grandmother was American, which isn't an ethnicity (i.e. "American" can be anything by ethnicity). It's referring to her birth place and her parents birth place. The note says her great-grandmother was not of Italian parentage, and that's correct, because her great-grandmother's parents were American. The note doesn't say that the great-grandmother was not of Italian descent, but rather that she was not of Italian parentage (i.e. specifically her parents were not Italians but Americans, regardless of their and her ancestry) Mad Jack 06:16, 25 September 2006 (UTC)
 * That's misleading to say she's not when it's possible she is. It wouldn't be a violation of WP:NOR is you said she was American, but to say she wasn't Italian is.  Nothing says she wasn't, so we cannot either. Michael 17:43, 25 September 2006 (UTC)
 * Ah, but we aren't saying that she wasn't Italian. We're saying she wasn't of "Italian parentage", i.e. her parents were not Italian - and they weren't - they were Americans. Whether they were Americans of Italian descent or not is a completely different story. If you want to change it to stating that Leoni's paternal xx great-grandfather was Italian, while her great-grandmother was American and so were her parents, you should (i.e. removing the "she was not" altogether). Because, of course, while nothing says she wasn't Italian, nothing says that she was either. Mad Jack 20:01, 25 September 2006 (UTC)

Leoni's paternal grandfather, Guido Pantaleoni, is listed numerous times on the website www.ellisisland.org, as the son of an Italian engineer father (Guido Pantaleoni) and an American mother (Ellen, no maiden name given). Her paternal grandmother, Helen "Helenka" Adamowska is also listed, under surname ADAMOWSKI. 204.126.251.87 23:13, 18 June 2007 (UTC)

Maternal ancestry
Father's ancestry is stated, but what is her mother's? Nietzsche 2 (talk) 20:17, 25 January 2009 (UTC)

Second Marriage
I read somewhere but before marrying Duchovny and after marrying her first husband, she had a second marriage which was annulled. Does anyone know something about it? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Southerner2A (talk • contribs) 19:41, 27 May 2011 (UTC)

Year of first divorce
There's three important things to consider about this article from The Hollywood Reporter :

1. The article was published in 2011.

2. The article says: "After 14 years of marriage, Tea Leoni and David Duchovny, who split once before in 2008, have announced that they are separating again."

3. The article also says: "She married television commercial producer Neil Joseph Tardio, Jr. in 1991. The couple divorced in 2005, and Leoni wed Duchovny two years later."

If you read the bold text carefully and do the math, it is obvious that 2005 is a typo and should actually read 1995 instead. Hitcher vs. Candyman (talk) 18:01, 12 March 2016 (UTC)

Professional name
Is there a legitimate reason for referring to her as Pantaleoni throughout the entire article? No other article on a celebrity with a stage/professional name does this. The Cart Grant article doesn't refer to Archie Leach's movie credits, for example   PacificBoy  22:39, 6 January 2019 (UTC)

I strongly agree. It is simply weird since Leoni's work and public is consistantly tied to her stage name. Tom Cruise article would never call him Mapother the third. Arcsoda (talk) 00:26, 17 January 2019 (UTC)

Tea Leoni
How did she get into acting? How did she feel about fan reactions to her movies? Her reaction to being seen as among the beautiful women Stars of Hollywood? Did/Does she enjoy acting on the stage? Thank you.... 177.222.115.192 (talk) 07:45, 29 November 2021 (UTC)

Pre-Acting Career - Tea Leoni
I have recollections of Tea Leoni co-hosting a science show, with an older man, in the late 80's or early 90's. Does anyone else remember this, or is it a Mandella effect? Gsquared68 (talk) 13:35, 17 October 2023 (UTC)

Personal Life/Tim Daly
This section mentions that Tea Leoni and Tim Daly separated in 2023, but has no citation. I can't find a reliable source discussing the split and recommend that this sentence be removed. SmallLizard (talk) 05:36, 31 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Téa Leoni


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Wikipedia game

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page, if it exists; or after the end of this archived section. The result of the debate was delete. An examination of the history of this article reveals at least two previous deletions, including one directly before this listing. Moreover, a superior (and older) version of this game already exists at N degrees of separation. Finally, policy discourages redirecting from the article namespace to the wikipedia namespace. Mackensen (talk) 16:32, 25 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Wikipedia game

 * Non-article material. Rmhermen 02:47, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete notability not established. JamesBurns 06:39, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * "Userfy" or "Move to Wikipedia namespace" are options I am considering, but I'm leaning towards delete.   — J I P | Talk 06:51, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Wikifun, as per Wikifun . SWAdair | Talk  06:58, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The wub had it right. It should be Department_of_Fun.  SWAdair | Talk  09:36, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Jeez, I bet no-one's thought of that before... Redirect to Department_of_Fun. the wub (talk) 07:47, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to appropriate section in Wikifun. Maybe we should make a small mention in Six Degrees of Kevin Bacon, of how this game could be played on Wikipedia too? Mgm|(talk) 08:14, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Very good idea. SWAdair | Talk  09:24, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: Oh, wow.  Some people have way too much time on their hands.  I just found Six degrees of Wikipedia.  SWAdair | Talk  09:33, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * redirect or move to somewhere in the WP namespace. Also, anyone find it odd that thtere's no stated rule against creating a link yo the target page on the start page? -R. fiend 17:21, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Page already exists at N degrees of separation Jaberwocky6669 22:54, Jun 24, 2005 (UTC)
 * ''The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be placed on a related article talk page, if one exists; in an undeletion request, if it does not; or below this section.