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68th United States Congress

The 68th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1923, to March 4, 1925, during the last months of Warren G. Harding's presidency, and the first years of the administration of his successor, Calvin Coolidge. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 United States census.

Both chambers maintained a Republican majority—albeit greatly reduced from the previous Congress and with losing supermajority status in the House—and along with President Harding, the Republicans maintained an overall federal government trifecta.

Major events

 * August 2, 1923: President Warren G. Harding dies, and Vice President Calvin Coolidge becomes President of the United States
 * December 3–5, 1923: The election for the House speakership takes 9 ballots

Major legislation

 * April 26, 1924: Seed and Feed Loan Act
 * May 19, 1924: World War Adjusted Compensation Act (Bonus Bill), Sess. 1, ch. 157,
 * May 24, 1924: Rogers Act
 * May 26, 1924: Immigration Act of 1924 (Johnson–Reed Act), Sess. 1, ch. 190,
 * May 29, 1924: Indian Oil Leasing Act of 1924 (Lenroot Act)
 * June 2, 1924: Indian Citizenship Act of 1924 (Snyder Act), Sess. 1, ch. 233,
 * June 2, 1924: Revenue Act of 1924 (Simmons–Longworth Act), Sess. 1, ch. 234,
 * June 3, 1924: Inland Waterways Act of 1924 (Denison Act)
 * June 7, 1924: Pueblo Lands Act of 1924
 * June 7, 1924: Oil Pollution Act of 1924,, ch. 316,
 * June 7, 1924: Clarke–McNary Act, Sess. 1, ch. 348,
 * January 30, 1925: Hoch–Smith Resolution
 * January 31, 1925: Special Duties Act
 * February 2, 1925: Air Mail Act of 1925 (Kelly Act)
 * February 12, 1925: Federal Arbitration Act
 * February 16, 1925: Home Port Act of 1925
 * February 24, 1925: Purnell Act
 * February 27, 1925: Temple Act
 * February 28, 1925: Classification Act of 1925
 * February 28, 1925: Federal Corrupt Practices Act (Gerry Act)
 * March 2, 1925: Judiciary Act of 1925
 * March 3, 1925: River and Harbors Act of 1925
 * March 3, 1925: Helium Act of 1925
 * March 4, 1925: Establishment of the United States Navy Band
 * March 4, 1925: Probation Act of 1925

Constitutional amendments

 * June 2, 1924: Approved an amendment to the United States Constitution that would specifically authorize Congress to regulate "labor of persons under eighteen years of age", and submitted it to the state legislatures for ratification
 * This amendment, commonly known as the Child Labor Amendment, has not been ratified and is still pending before the states.

Party summary
The count below identifies party affiliations at the beginning of the first session of this Congress, and includes members from vacancies and newly admitted states, when they were first seated. Changes resulting from subsequent replacements are shown below.

Senate

 * President: Calvin Coolidge (R), until August 3, 1923; vacant thereafter.
 * President pro tempore: Albert B. Cummins (R)

Majority (Republican) leadership

 * Majority leader: Charles Curtis
 * Majority whip: Wesley L. Jones
 * Republican Conference Secretary: James Wolcott Wadsworth Jr.
 * National Senatorial Committee Chair: George H. Moses

Minority (Democratic) leadership

 * Minority leader: Joseph T. Robinson
 * Minority whip: Peter G. Gerry
 * Democratic Caucus Secretary: William H. King

House of Representatives

 * Speaker: Frederick H. Gillett (R) elected December 5, 1923, after 9 rounds of balloting

Majority (Republican) leadership

 * Majority leader: Nicholas Longworth
 * Majority Whip: Albert H. Vestal
 * Republican Conference Chairman: Sydney Anderson
 * Republican Campaign Committee Chairman: William R. Wood

Minority (Democratic) leadership

 * Minority Leader: Finis J. Garrett
 * Minority Whip: William Allan Oldfield
 * Democratic Caucus Chairman: Henry Thomas Rainey
 * Democratic Campaign Committee Chairman: Arthur B. Rouse

Members
This list is arranged by chamber, then by state. Senators are listed by class, and representatives are listed by district.

 * Skip to House of Representatives, below

Senate
Senators were elected every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election. In this Congress, Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, requiring re-election in 1928; Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, requiring re-election in 1924; and Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, requiring re-election in 1926.

Alabama

 * 2. J. Thomas Heflin (D)
 * 3. Oscar Underwood (D)

Arizona

 * 1. Henry F. Ashurst (D)
 * 3. Ralph H. Cameron (R)

Arkansas

 * 2. Joseph Taylor Robinson (D)
 * 3. Thaddeus H. Caraway (D)

California

 * 1. Hiram W. Johnson (R)
 * 3. Samuel M. Shortridge (R)

Colorado

 * 2. Lawrence C. Phipps (R)
 * 3. Samuel D. Nicholson (R), until March 24, 1923
 * Alva B. Adams (D), from May 17, 1923, until November 30, 1924
 * Rice W. Means (R), from December 1, 1924

Connecticut

 * 1. George P. McLean (R)
 * 3. Frank B. Brandegee (R), until October 14, 1924
 * Hiram Bingham III (R), from December 17, 1924

Delaware

 * 1. Thomas F. Bayard Jr. (D)
 * 2. L. Heisler Ball (R)

Florida

 * 1. Park Trammell (D)
 * 3. Duncan U. Fletcher (D)

Georgia

 * 2. William J. Harris (D)
 * 3. Walter F. George (D)

Idaho

 * 2. William E. Borah (R)
 * 3. Frank R. Gooding (R)

Illinois

 * 2. J. Medill McCormick (R), until February 25, 1925
 * Charles S. Deneen (R), from February 26, 1925
 * 3. William B. McKinley (R)

Indiana

 * 1. Samuel M. Ralston (D)
 * 3. James E. Watson (R)

Iowa

 * 2. Smith W. Brookhart (R)
 * 3. Albert B. Cummins (R)

Kansas

 * 2. Arthur Capper (R)
 * 3. Charles Curtis (R)

Kentucky

 * 2. Augustus O. Stanley (D)
 * 3. Richard P. Ernst (R)

Louisiana

 * 2. Joseph E. Ransdell (D)
 * 3. Edwin S. Broussard (D)

Maine

 * 1. Frederick Hale (R)
 * 2. Bert M. Fernald (R)

Maryland

 * 1. William Cabell Bruce (D)
 * 3. Ovington E. Weller (R)

Massachusetts

 * 1. Henry Cabot Lodge (R), until November 9, 1924
 * William M. Butler (R), from November 13, 1924
 * 2. David I. Walsh (D)

Michigan

 * 1. Woodbridge N. Ferris (D)
 * 2. James J. Couzens (R)

Minnesota

 * 1. Henrik Shipstead (FL)
 * 2. Knute Nelson (R), until April 28, 1923
 * Magnus Johnson (FL), from July 16, 1923

Mississippi

 * 1. Hubert D. Stephens (D)
 * 2. Pat Harrison (D)

Missouri

 * 1. James A. Reed (D)
 * 3. Selden P. Spencer (R)

Montana

 * 1. Burton K. Wheeler (D)
 * 2. Thomas J. Walsh (D)

Nebraska

 * 1. Robert B. Howell (R)
 * 2. George W. Norris (R)

Nevada

 * 1. Key Pittman (D)
 * 3. Tasker Oddie (R)

New Hampshire

 * 2. Henry W. Keyes (R)
 * 3. George H. Moses (R)

New Jersey

 * 1. Edward I. Edwards (D)
 * 2. Walter E. Edge (R)

New Mexico

 * 1. Andrieus A. Jones (D)
 * 2. Holm O. Bursum (R)

New York

 * 1. Royal S. Copeland (D)
 * 3. James W. Wadsworth Jr. (R)

North Carolina

 * 3. Lee S. Overman (D)
 * 2. Furnifold M. Simmons (D)

North Dakota

 * 1. Lynn Frazier (R-NPL)
 * 3. Edwin F. Ladd (R)

Ohio

 * 1. Simeon D. Fess (R)
 * 3. Frank B. Willis (R)

Oklahoma

 * 2. Robert L. Owen (D)
 * 3. John W. Harreld (R)

Oregon

 * 2. Charles L. McNary (R)
 * 3. Robert N. Stanfield (R)

Pennsylvania

 * 1. David A. Reed (R)
 * 3. George Wharton Pepper (R)

Rhode Island

 * 1. Peter G. Gerry (D)
 * 2. LeBaron B. Colt (R), until August 18, 1924
 * Jesse H. Metcalf (R), from November 5, 1924

South Carolina

 * 2. Nathaniel B. Dial (D)
 * 3. Ellison D. Smith (D)

South Dakota

 * 2. Thomas Sterling (R)
 * 3. Peter Norbeck (R)

Tennessee

 * 1. Kenneth D. McKellar (D)
 * 2. John K. Shields (D)

Texas

 * 1. Earle B. Mayfield (D)
 * 2. Morris Sheppard (D)

Utah

 * 1. William H. King (D)
 * 3. Reed Smoot (R)

Vermont

 * 1. Frank L. Greene (R)
 * 3. William P. Dillingham (R), until July 12, 1923
 * Porter H. Dale (R), from November 7, 1923

Virginia

 * 1. Claude A. Swanson (D)
 * 2. Carter Glass (D)

Washington

 * 1. Clarence Cleveland Dill (D)
 * 3. Wesley L. Jones (R)

West Virginia

 * 1. Matthew M. Neely (D)
 * 2. Davis Elkins (R)

Wisconsin

 * 1. Robert M. La Follette Sr. (R)
 * 3. Irvine L. Lenroot (R)

Wyoming

 * 1. John B. Kendrick (D)
 * 2. Francis E. Warren (R)

House of Representatives
The names of members of the House of Representatives elected statewide on the general ticket or otherwise at-large, are preceded by their district numbers.

Alabama

 * Alabama's 1st congressional district. John McDuffie (D)
 * Alabama's 2nd congressional district. John R. Tyson (D), until March 27, 1923
 * J. Lister Hill (D), from August 14, 1923
 * Alabama's 3rd congressional district. Henry B. Steagall (D)
 * Alabama's 4th congressional district. Lamar Jeffers (D)
 * Alabama's 5th congressional district. William B. Bowling (D)
 * Alabama's 6th congressional district. William B. Oliver (D)
 * Alabama's 7th congressional district. Miles C. Allgood (D)
 * Alabama's 8th congressional district. Edward B. Almon (D)
 * Alabama's 9th congressional district. George Huddleston (D)
 * Alabama's 10th congressional district. William B. Bankhead (D)

Arizona

 * At-large. Carl Hayden (D)

Arkansas

 * Arkansas's 1st congressional district. William J. Driver (D)
 * Arkansas's 2nd congressional district. William A. Oldfield (D)
 * Arkansas's 3rd congressional district. John N. Tillman (D)
 * Arkansas's 4th congressional district. Otis Wingo (D)
 * Arkansas's 5th congressional district. Heartsill Ragon (D)
 * Arkansas's 6th congressional district. Lewis E. Sawyer (D), until May 5, 1923
 * James B. Reed (D), from October 6, 1923
 * Arkansas's 7th congressional district. Tilman B. Parks (D)

California

 * California's 1st congressional district. Clarence F. Lea (D)
 * California's 2nd congressional district. John E. Raker (D)
 * California's 3rd congressional district. Charles F. Curry (R)
 * California's 4th congressional district. Julius Kahn (R), until December 18, 1924
 * California's 5th congressional district. Mae E. Nolan (R)
 * California's 6th congressional district. James H. MacLafferty (R)
 * California's 7th congressional district. Henry E. Barbour (R)
 * California's 8th congressional district. Arthur M. Free (R)
 * California's 9th congressional district. Walter F. Lineberger (R)
 * California's 10th congressional district. John D. Fredericks (R), from May 1, 1923
 * California's 11th congressional district. Philip D. Swing (R)

Colorado

 * Colorado's 1st congressional district. William N. Vaile (R)
 * Colorado's 2nd congressional district. Charles Bateman Timberlake (R)
 * Colorado's 3rd congressional district. Guy U. Hardy (R)
 * Colorado's 4th congressional district. Edward T. Taylor (D)

Connecticut

 * Connecticut's 1st congressional district. E. Hart Fenn (R)
 * Connecticut's 2nd congressional district. Richard P. Freeman (R)
 * Connecticut's 3rd congressional district. John Q. Tilson (R)
 * Connecticut's 4th congressional district. Schuyler Merritt (R)
 * Connecticut's 5th congressional district. Patrick B. O'Sullivan (D)

Delaware

 * At-large. William H. Boyce (D)

Florida

 * Florida's 1st congressional district. Herbert J. Drane (D)
 * Florida's 2nd congressional district. Frank Clark (D)
 * Florida's 3rd congressional district. John H. Smithwick (D)
 * Florida's 4th congressional district. William J. Sears (D)

Georgia

 * Georgia's 1st congressional district. R. Lee Moore (D)
 * Georgia's 2nd congressional district. Frank Park (D)
 * Georgia's 3rd congressional district. Charles R. Crisp (D)
 * Georgia's 4th congressional district. William C. Wright (D)
 * Georgia's 5th congressional district. William D. Upshaw (D)
 * Georgia's 6th congressional district. James W. Wise (D)
 * Georgia's 7th congressional district. Gordon Lee (D)
 * Georgia's 8th congressional district. Charles H. Brand (D)
 * Georgia's 9th congressional district. Thomas Montgomery Bell (D)
 * Georgia's 10th congressional district. Carl Vinson (D)
 * Georgia's 11th congressional district. William C. Lankford (D)
 * Georgia's 12th congressional district. William W. Larsen (D)

Idaho

 * Idaho's 1st congressional district. Burton L. French (R)
 * Idaho's 2nd congressional district. Addison T. Smith (R)

Illinois

 * Illinois's 1st congressional district. Martin B. Madden (R)
 * Illinois's 2nd congressional district. Morton D. Hull (R), from April 3, 1923
 * Illinois's 3rd congressional district. Elliott W. Sproul (R)
 * Illinois's 4th congressional district. John W. Rainey (D), until May 4, 1923
 * Thomas A. Doyle (D), from November 6, 1923
 * Illinois's 5th congressional district. Adolph J. Sabath (D)
 * Illinois's 6th congressional district. James R. Buckley (D)
 * Illinois's 7th congressional district. M. Alfred Michaelson (R)
 * Illinois's 8th congressional district. Stanley H. Kunz (D)
 * Illinois's 9th congressional district. Frederick A. Britten (R)
 * Illinois's 10th congressional district. Carl R. Chindblom (R)
 * Illinois's 11th congressional district. Frank R. Reid (R)
 * Illinois's 12th congressional district. Charles Eugene Fuller (R)
 * Illinois's 13th congressional district. John C. McKenzie (R)
 * Illinois's 14th congressional district. William J. Graham (R), until June 7, 1924
 * Illinois's 15th congressional district. Edward John King (R)
 * Illinois's 16th congressional district. William E. Hull (R)
 * Illinois's 17th congressional district. Frank H. Funk (R)
 * Illinois's 18th congressional district. William P. Holaday (R)
 * Illinois's 19th congressional district. Allen F. Moore (R)
 * Illinois's 20th congressional district. Henry T. Rainey (D)
 * Illinois's 21st congressional district. J. Earl Major (D)
 * Illinois's 22nd congressional district. Edward E. Miller (R)
 * Illinois's 23rd congressional district. William W. Arnold (D)
 * Illinois's 24th congressional district. Thomas S. Williams (R)
 * Illinois's 25th congressional district. Edward E. Denison (R)
 * At-large. Henry R. Rathbone (R)
 * At-large. Richard Yates Jr. (R)

Indiana

 * Indiana's 1st congressional district. William E. Wilson (D)
 * Indiana's 2nd congressional district. Arthur H. Greenwood (D)
 * Indiana's 3rd congressional district. Frank Gardner (D)
 * Indiana's 4th congressional district. Harry C. Canfield (D)
 * Indiana's 5th congressional district. Everett Sanders (R)
 * Indiana's 6th congressional district. Richard N. Elliott (R)
 * Indiana's 7th congressional district. Merrill Moores (R)
 * Indiana's 8th congressional district. Albert H. Vestal (R)
 * Indiana's 9th congressional district. Fred S. Purnell (R)
 * Indiana's 10th congressional district. William R. Wood (R)
 * Indiana's 11th congressional district. Samuel E. Cook (D)
 * Indiana's 12th congressional district. Louis W. Fairfield (R)
 * Indiana's 13th congressional district. Andrew J. Hickey (R)

Iowa

 * Iowa's 1st congressional district. William F. Kopp (R)
 * Iowa's 2nd congressional district. Harry E. Hull (R)
 * Iowa's 3rd congressional district. Thomas J. B. Robinson (R)
 * Iowa's 4th congressional district. Gilbert N. Haugen (R)
 * Iowa's 5th congressional district. Cyrenus Cole (R)
 * Iowa's 6th congressional district. C. William Ramseyer (R)
 * Iowa's 7th congressional district. Cassius C. Dowell (R)
 * Iowa's 8th congressional district. Horace M. Towner (R), until April 1, 1923
 * Hiram K. Evans (R), from June 4, 1923
 * Iowa's 9th congressional district. William R. Green (R)
 * Iowa's 10th congressional district. Lester J. Dickinson (R)
 * Iowa's 11th congressional district. William D. Boies (R)

Kansas

 * Kansas's 1st congressional district. Daniel Read Anthony Jr. (R)
 * Kansas's 2nd congressional district. Edward C. Little (R), until June 27, 1924
 * Ulysses S. Guyer (R), from November 4, 1924
 * Kansas's 3rd congressional district. William H. Sproul (R)
 * Kansas's 4th congressional district. Homer Hoch (R)
 * Kansas's 5th congressional district. James G. Strong (R)
 * Kansas's 6th congressional district. Hays B. White (R)
 * Kansas's 7th congressional district. Jasper N. Tincher (R)
 * Kansas's 8th congressional district. William A. Ayres (D)

Kentucky

 * Kentucky's 1st congressional district. Alben Barkley (D)
 * Kentucky's 2nd congressional district. David Hayes Kincheloe (D)
 * Kentucky's 3rd congressional district. Robert Y. Thomas Jr. (D)
 * Kentucky's 4th congressional district. Ben Johnson (D)
 * Kentucky's 5th congressional district. Maurice H. Thatcher (R)
 * Kentucky's 6th congressional district. Arthur B. Rouse (D)
 * Kentucky's 7th congressional district. J. Campbell Cantrill (D), until September 2, 1923
 * Joseph W. Morris (D), from November 30, 1923
 * Kentucky's 8th congressional district. Ralph W. E. Gilbert (D)
 * Kentucky's 9th congressional district. William Jason Fields (D), until December 11, 1923
 * Fred M. Vinson (D), from January 24, 1924
 * Kentucky's 10th congressional district. John W. Langley (R)
 * Kentucky's 11th congressional district. John M. Robsion (R)

Louisiana

 * Louisiana's 1st congressional district. James O'Connor (D)
 * Louisiana's 2nd congressional district. Henry Garland Dupré (D), until February 21, 1924
 * J. Zach Spearing (D), from April 22, 1924
 * Louisiana's 3rd congressional district. Whitmell P. Martin (D)
 * Louisiana's 4th congressional district. John N. Sandlin (D)
 * Louisiana's 5th congressional district. Riley Joseph Wilson (D)
 * Louisiana's 6th congressional district. George K. Favrot (D)
 * Louisiana's 7th congressional district. Ladislas Lazaro (D)
 * Louisiana's 8th congressional district. James Benjamin Aswell (D)

Maine

 * Maine's 1st congressional district. Carroll L. Beedy (R)
 * Maine's 2nd congressional district. Wallace H. White Jr. (R)
 * Maine's 3rd congressional district. John E. Nelson (R)
 * Maine's 4th congressional district. Ira G. Hersey (R)

Maryland

 * Maryland's 1st congressional district. T. Alan Goldsborough (D)
 * Maryland's 2nd congressional district. Millard Tydings (D)
 * Maryland's 3rd congressional district. John Philip Hill (R)
 * Maryland's 4th congressional district. J. Charles Linthicum (D)
 * Maryland's 5th congressional district. Sydney Emanuel Mudd II (R), until October 11, 1924
 * Stephen W. Gambrill (D), from November 4, 1924
 * Maryland's 6th congressional district. Frederick N. Zihlman (R)

Massachusetts

 * Massachusetts's 1st congressional district. Allen T. Treadway (R)
 * Massachusetts's 2nd congressional district. Frederick H. Gillett (R)
 * Massachusetts's 3rd congressional district. Calvin D. Paige (R)
 * Massachusetts's 4th congressional district. Samuel E. Winslow (R)
 * Massachusetts's 5th congressional district. John J. Rogers (R)
 * Massachusetts's 6th congressional district. A. Piatt Andrew Jr. (R)
 * Massachusetts's 7th congressional district. William P. Connery Jr. (D)
 * Massachusetts's 8th congressional district. Frederick W. Dallinger (R)
 * Massachusetts's 9th congressional district. Charles L. Underhill (R)
 * Massachusetts's 10th congressional district. Peter F. Tague (D)
 * Massachusetts's 11th congressional district. George H. Tinkham (R)
 * Massachusetts's 12th congressional district. James A. Gallivan (D)
 * Massachusetts's 13th congressional district. Robert Luce (R)
 * Massachusetts's 14th congressional district. Louis A. Frothingham (R)
 * Massachusetts's 15th congressional district. William S. Greene (R), until September 22, 1924
 * Robert M. Leach (R), from November 4, 1924
 * Massachusetts's 16th congressional district. Charles L. Gifford (R)

Michigan

 * Michigan's 1st congressional district. Robert H. Clancy (D)
 * Michigan's 2nd congressional district. Earl C. Michener (R)
 * Michigan's 3rd congressional district. John M. C. Smith (R), until March 30, 1923
 * Arthur B. Williams (R), from June 19, 1923
 * Michigan's 4th congressional district. John C. Ketcham (R)
 * Michigan's 5th congressional district. Carl Mapes (R)
 * Michigan's 6th congressional district. Grant M. Hudson (R)
 * Michigan's 7th congressional district. Louis C. Cramton (R)
 * Michigan's 8th congressional district. Bird J. Vincent (R)
 * Michigan's 9th congressional district. James C. McLaughlin (R)
 * Michigan's 10th congressional district. Roy O. Woodruff (R)
 * Michigan's 11th congressional district. Frank D. Scott (R)
 * Michigan's 12th congressional district. W. Frank James (R)
 * Michigan's 13th congressional district. Clarence J. McLeod (R)

Minnesota

 * Minnesota's 1st congressional district. Sydney Anderson (R)
 * Minnesota's 2nd congressional district. Frank Clague (R)
 * Minnesota's 3rd congressional district. Charles Russell Davis (R)
 * Minnesota's 4th congressional district. Oscar E. Keller (R)
 * Minnesota's 5th congressional district. Walter H. Newton (R)
 * Minnesota's 6th congressional district. Harold Knutson (R)
 * Minnesota's 7th congressional district. Ole J. Kvale (FL)
 * Minnesota's 8th congressional district. Oscar J. Larson (R)
 * Minnesota's 9th congressional district. Knud Wefald (FL)
 * Minnesota's 10th congressional district. Thomas D. Schall (R)

Mississippi

 * Mississippi's 1st congressional district. John E. Rankin (D)
 * Mississippi's 2nd congressional district. Bill G. Lowrey (D)
 * Mississippi's 3rd congressional district. Benjamin G. Humphreys II (D), until October 16, 1923
 * William Y. Humphreys (D), from November 27, 1923
 * Mississippi's 4th congressional district. T. Jefferson Busby (D)
 * Mississippi's 5th congressional district. Ross A. Collins (D)
 * Mississippi's 6th congressional district. T. Webber Wilson (D)
 * Mississippi's 7th congressional district. Percy E. Quin (D)
 * Mississippi's 8th congressional district. James W. Collier (D)

Missouri

 * Missouri's 1st congressional district. Milton A. Romjue (D)
 * Missouri's 2nd congressional district. Ralph F. Lozier (D)
 * Missouri's 3rd congressional district. Jacob L. Milligan (D)
 * Missouri's 4th congressional district. Charles L. Faust (R)
 * Missouri's 5th congressional district. Henry L. Jost (D)
 * Missouri's 6th congressional district. Clement C. Dickinson (D)
 * Missouri's 7th congressional district. Samuel C. Major (D)
 * Missouri's 8th congressional district. Sidney C. Roach (R)
 * Missouri's 9th congressional district. Clarence Cannon (D)
 * Missouri's 10th congressional district. Cleveland A. Newton (R)
 * Missouri's 11th congressional district. Harry B. Hawes (D)
 * Missouri's 12th congressional district. Leonidas C. Dyer (R)
 * Missouri's 13th congressional district. J. Scott Wolff (D)
 * Missouri's 14th congressional district. James F. Fulbright (D)
 * Missouri's 15th congressional district. Joe J. Manlove (R)
 * Missouri's 16th congressional district. Thomas L. Rubey (D)

Montana

 * Montana's 1st congressional district. John M. Evans (D)
 * Montana's 2nd congressional district. Scott Leavitt (R)

Nebraska

 * Nebraska's 1st congressional district. John H. Morehead (D)
 * Nebraska's 2nd congressional district. Willis G. Sears (R)
 * Nebraska's 3rd congressional district. Edgar Howard (D)
 * Nebraska's 4th congressional district. Melvin O. McLaughlin (R)
 * Nebraska's 5th congressional district. Ashton C. Shallenberger (D)
 * Nebraska's 6th congressional district. Robert G. Simmons (R)

Nevada

 * At-large. Charles L. Richards (D)

New Hampshire

 * New Hampshire's 1st congressional district. William N. Rogers (D)
 * New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district. Edward Hills Wason (R)

New Jersey

 * New Jersey's 1st congressional district. Francis F. Patterson Jr. (R)
 * New Jersey's 2nd congressional district. Isaac Bacharach (R)
 * New Jersey's 3rd congressional district. Elmer H. Geran (D)
 * New Jersey's 4th congressional district. Charles Browne (D)
 * New Jersey's 5th congressional district. Ernest R. Ackerman (R)
 * New Jersey's 6th congressional district. Randolph Perkins (R)
 * New Jersey's 7th congressional district. George N. Seger (R)
 * New Jersey's 8th congressional district. Frank J. McNulty (D)
 * New Jersey's 9th congressional district. Daniel F. Minahan (D)
 * New Jersey's 10th congressional district. Frederick R. Lehlbach (R)
 * New Jersey's 11th congressional district. John J. Eagan (D)
 * New Jersey's 12th congressional district. Charles F. X. O'Brien (D)

New Mexico

 * At-large. John Morrow (D)

New York

 * New York's 1st congressional district. Robert L. Bacon (R)
 * New York's 2nd congressional district. John J. Kindred (D)
 * New York's 3rd congressional district. George W. Lindsay (D)
 * New York's 4th congressional district. Thomas H. Cullen (D)
 * New York's 5th congressional district. Loring M. Black Jr. (D)
 * New York's 6th congressional district. Charles I. Stengle (D)
 * New York's 7th congressional district. John Quayle (D)
 * New York's 8th congressional district. William E. Cleary (D)
 * New York's 9th congressional district. David J. O'Connell (D)
 * New York's 10th congressional district. Emanuel Celler (D)
 * New York's 11th congressional district. Daniel J. Riordan (D), until April 28, 1923
 * Anning S. Prall (D), from November 6, 1923
 * New York's 12th congressional district. Samuel Dickstein (D)
 * New York's 13th congressional district. Christopher D. Sullivan (D)
 * New York's 14th congressional district. Nathan D. Perlman (R)
 * New York's 15th congressional district. John J. Boylan (D)
 * New York's 16th congressional district. John J. O'Connor (D), from November 6, 1923
 * New York's 17th congressional district. Ogden L. Mills (R)
 * New York's 18th congressional district. John F. Carew (D)
 * New York's 19th congressional district. Sol Bloom (D)
 * New York's 20th congressional district. Fiorello H. LaGuardia (R)
 * New York's 21st congressional district. Royal H. Weller (D)
 * New York's 22nd congressional district. Anthony J. Griffin (D)
 * New York's 23rd congressional district. Frank Oliver (D)
 * New York's 24th congressional district. James V. Ganly (D), until September 7, 1923
 * Benjamin L. Fairchild (R), from November 6, 1923
 * New York's 25th congressional district. J. Mayhew Wainwright (R)
 * New York's 26th congressional district. Hamilton Fish III (R)
 * New York's 27th congressional district. Charles B. Ward (R)
 * New York's 28th congressional district. Parker Corning (D)
 * New York's 29th congressional district. James S. Parker (R)
 * New York's 30th congressional district. Frank Crowther (R)
 * New York's 31st congressional district. Bertrand H. Snell (R)
 * New York's 32nd congressional district. Luther W. Mott (R), until July 10, 1923
 * Thaddeus C. Sweet (R), from November 6, 1923
 * New York's 33rd congressional district. Homer P. Snyder (R)
 * New York's 34th congressional district. John D. Clarke (R)
 * New York's 35th congressional district. Walter W. Magee (R)
 * New York's 36th congressional district. John Taber (R)
 * New York's 37th congressional district. Gale H. Stalker (R)
 * New York's 38th congressional district. Meyer Jacobstein (D)
 * New York's 39th congressional district. Archie D. Sanders (R)
 * New York's 40th congressional district. S. Wallace Dempsey (R)
 * New York's 41st congressional district. Clarence MacGregor (R)
 * New York's 42nd congressional district. James M. Mead (D)
 * New York's 43rd congressional district. Daniel A. Reed (R)

North Carolina

 * North Carolina's 1st congressional district. Hallett S. Ward (D)
 * North Carolina's 2nd congressional district. Claude Kitchin (D), until May 31, 1923
 * John H. Kerr (D), from November 6, 1923
 * North Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Charles L. Abernethy (D)
 * North Carolina's 4th congressional district. Edward W. Pou (D)
 * North Carolina's 5th congressional district. Charles M. Stedman (D)
 * North Carolina's 6th congressional district. Homer L. Lyon (D)
 * North Carolina's 7th congressional district. William C. Hammer (D)
 * North Carolina's 8th congressional district. Robert L. Doughton (D)
 * North Carolina's 9th congressional district. Alfred L. Bulwinkle (D)
 * North Carolina's 10th congressional district. Zebulon Weaver (D)

North Dakota

 * North Dakota's 1st congressional district. Olger B. Burtness (R)
 * North Dakota's 2nd congressional district. George M. Young (R), until September 2, 1924
 * Thomas Hall (R), from November 4, 1924
 * North Dakota's 3rd congressional district. James H. Sinclair (R)

Ohio

 * Ohio's 1st congressional district. Nicholas Longworth (R)
 * Ohio's 2nd congressional district. Ambrose E. B. Stephens (R)
 * Ohio's 3rd congressional district. Roy G. Fitzgerald (R)
 * Ohio's 4th congressional district. John L. Cable (R)
 * Ohio's 5th congressional district. Charles J. Thompson (R)
 * Ohio's 6th congressional district. Charles C. Kearns (R)
 * Ohio's 7th congressional district. Charles Brand (R)
 * Ohio's 8th congressional district. R. Clinton Cole (R)
 * Ohio's 9th congressional district. Isaac R. Sherwood (D)
 * Ohio's 10th congressional district. Israel M. Foster (R)
 * Ohio's 11th congressional district. Mell G. Underwood (D)
 * Ohio's 12th congressional district. John C. Speaks (R)
 * Ohio's 13th congressional district. James T. Begg (R)
 * Ohio's 14th congressional district. Martin L. Davey (D)
 * Ohio's 15th congressional district. C. Ellis Moore (R)
 * Ohio's 16th congressional district. John McSweeney (D)
 * Ohio's 17th congressional district. William M. Morgan (R)
 * Ohio's 18th congressional district. B. Frank Murphy (R)
 * Ohio's 19th congressional district. John G. Cooper (R)
 * Ohio's 20th congressional district. Charles A. Mooney (D)
 * Ohio's 21st congressional district. Robert Crosser (D)
 * Ohio's 22nd congressional district. Theodore E. Burton (R)

Oklahoma

 * Oklahoma's 1st congressional district. Everette B. Howard (D)
 * Oklahoma's 2nd congressional district. William W. Hastings (D)
 * Oklahoma's 3rd congressional district. Charles D. Carter (D)
 * Oklahoma's 4th congressional district. Tom D. McKeown (D)
 * Oklahoma's 5th congressional district. Fletcher B. Swank (D)
 * Oklahoma's 6th congressional district. Elmer Thomas (D)
 * Oklahoma's 7th congressional district. James V. McClintic (D)
 * Oklahoma's 8th congressional district. Milton C. Garber (R)

Oregon

 * Oregon's 1st congressional district. Willis C. Hawley (R)
 * Oregon's 2nd congressional district. Nicholas J. Sinnott (R)
 * Oregon's 3rd congressional district. Elton Watkins (D)

Pennsylvania

 * Pennsylvania's 1st congressional district. William S. Vare (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 2nd congressional district. George S. Graham (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 3rd congressional district. Harry C. Ransley (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 4th congressional district. George W. Edmonds (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 5th congressional district. James J. Connolly (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 6th congressional district. George A. Welsh (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district. George P. Darrow (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 8th congressional district. Thomas S. Butler (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 9th congressional district. Henry W. Watson (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 10th congressional district. William W. Griest (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 11th congressional district. Laurence H. Watres (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 12th congressional district. John J. Casey (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 13th congressional district. George F. Brumm (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 14th congressional district. William M. Croll (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 15th congressional district. Louis T. McFadden (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district. Edgar R. Kiess (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 17th congressional district. Herbert W. Cummings (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 18th congressional district. Edward M. Beers (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 19th congressional district. Frank C. Sites (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 20th congressional district. George M. Wertz (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 21st congressional district. J. Banks Kurtz (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 22nd congressional district. Samuel F. Glatfelter (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 23rd congressional district. William I. Swoope (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 24th congressional district. Samuel A. Kendall (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 25th congressional district. Henry W. Temple (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 26th congressional district. Thomas W. Phillips Jr. (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 27th congressional district. Nathan L. Strong (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 28th congressional district. Harris J. Bixler (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 29th congressional district. Milton W. Shreve (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 30th congressional district. Everett Kent (D)
 * Pennsylvania's 31st congressional district. Adam M. Wyant (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 32nd congressional district. Stephen G. Porter (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 33rd congressional district. M. Clyde Kelly (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 34th congressional district. John M. Morin (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 35th congressional district. James M. Magee (R)
 * Pennsylvania's 36th congressional district. Guy E. Campbell (R)

Rhode Island

 * Rhode Island's 1st congressional district. Clark Burdick (R)
 * Rhode Island's 2nd congressional district. Richard S. Aldrich (R)
 * Rhode Island's 3rd congressional district. Jeremiah E. O'Connell (D)

South Carolina

 * South Carolina's 1st congressional district. W. Turner Logan (D)
 * South Carolina's 2nd congressional district. James F. Byrnes (D)
 * South Carolina's 3rd congressional district. Fred H. Dominick (D)
 * South Carolina's 4th congressional district. John J. McSwain (D)
 * South Carolina's 5th congressional district. William F. Stevenson (D)
 * South Carolina's 6th congressional district. Allard H. Gasque (D)
 * South Carolina's 7th congressional district. Hampton P. Fulmer (D)

South Dakota

 * South Dakota's 1st congressional district. Charles A. Christopherson (R)
 * South Dakota's 2nd congressional district. Royal C. Johnson (R)
 * South Dakota's 3rd congressional district. William Williamson (R)

Tennessee

 * Tennessee's 1st congressional district. B. Carroll Reece (R)
 * Tennessee's 2nd congressional district. J. Will Taylor (R)
 * Tennessee's 3rd congressional district. Samuel D. McReynolds (D)
 * Tennessee's 4th congressional district. Cordell Hull (D)
 * Tennessee's 5th congressional district. Ewin L. Davis (D)
 * Tennessee's 6th congressional district. Joseph W. Byrns (D)
 * Tennessee's 7th congressional district. William C. Salmon (D)
 * Tennessee's 8th congressional district. Gordon Browning (D)
 * Tennessee's 9th congressional district. Finis J. Garrett (D)
 * Tennessee's 10th congressional district. Hubert Fisher (D)

Texas

 * Texas's 1st congressional district. Eugene Black (D)
 * Texas's 2nd congressional district. John C. Box (D)
 * Texas's 3rd congressional district. Morgan G. Sanders (D)
 * Texas's 4th congressional district. Sam Rayburn (D)
 * Texas's 5th congressional district. Hatton W. Sumners (D)
 * Texas's 6th congressional district. Luther Alexander Johnson (D)
 * Texas's 7th congressional district. Clay Stone Briggs (D)
 * Texas's 8th congressional district. Daniel E. Garrett (D)
 * Texas's 9th congressional district. Joseph J. Mansfield (D)
 * Texas's 10th congressional district. James P. Buchanan (D)
 * Texas's 11th congressional district. Tom T. Connally (D)
 * Texas's 12th congressional district. Fritz G. Lanham (D)
 * Texas's 13th congressional district. Guinn Williams (D)
 * Texas's 14th congressional district. Harry M. Wurzbach (R)
 * Texas's 15th congressional district. John Nance Garner (D)
 * Texas's 16th congressional district. Claude B. Hudspeth (D)
 * Texas's 17th congressional district. Thomas L. Blanton (D)
 * Texas's 18th congressional district. John Marvin Jones (D)

Utah

 * Utah's 1st congressional district. Don B. Colton (R)
 * Utah's 2nd congressional district. Elmer O. Leatherwood (R)

Vermont

 * Vermont's 1st congressional district. Frederick G. Fleetwood (R)
 * Vermont's 2nd congressional district. Porter H. Dale (R), until August 11, 1923
 * Ernest Willard Gibson (R), from November 6, 1923

Virginia

 * Virginia's 1st congressional district. S. Otis Bland (D)
 * Virginia's 2nd congressional district. Joseph T. Deal (D)
 * Virginia's 3rd congressional district. Andrew Jackson Montague (D)
 * Virginia's 4th congressional district. Patrick H. Drewry (D)
 * Virginia's 5th congressional district. James M. Hooker (D)
 * Virginia's 6th congressional district. Clifton A. Woodrum (D)
 * Virginia's 7th congressional district. Thomas W. Harrison (D)
 * Virginia's 8th congressional district. R. Walton Moore (D)
 * Virginia's 9th congressional district. George C. Peery (D)
 * Virginia's 10th congressional district. Henry St. George Tucker III (D)

Washington

 * Washington's 1st congressional district. John F. Miller (R)
 * Washington's 2nd congressional district. Lindley H. Hadley (R)
 * Washington's 3rd congressional district. Albert Johnson (R)
 * Washington's 4th congressional district. John W. Summers (R)
 * Washington's 5th congressional district. J. Stanley Webster (R), until May 8, 1923
 * Samuel B. Hill (D), from September 25, 1923

West Virginia

 * West Virginia's 1st congressional district. Benjamin L. Rosenbloom (R)
 * West Virginia's 2nd congressional district. Robert E. L. Allen (D)
 * West Virginia's 3rd congressional district. Stuart F. Reed (R)
 * West Virginia's 4th congressional district. George W. Johnson (D)
 * West Virginia's 5th congressional district. Thomas J. Lilly (D)
 * West Virginia's 6th congressional district. J. Alfred Taylor (D)

Wisconsin

 * Wisconsin's 1st congressional district. Henry Allen Cooper (R)
 * Wisconsin's 2nd congressional district. Edward Voigt (R)
 * Wisconsin's 3rd congressional district. John M. Nelson (R)
 * Wisconsin's 4th congressional district. John C. Schafer (R)
 * Wisconsin's 5th congressional district. Victor L. Berger (Soc.)
 * Wisconsin's 6th congressional district. Florian Lampert (R)
 * Wisconsin's 7th congressional district. Joseph D. Beck (R)
 * Wisconsin's 8th congressional district. Edward E. Browne (R)
 * Wisconsin's 9th congressional district. George J. Schneider (R)
 * Wisconsin's 10th congressional district. James A. Frear (R)
 * Wisconsin's 11th congressional district. Hubert H. Peavey (R)

Wyoming

 * At-large. Charles E. Winter (R)

Non-voting members

 * Alaska's at-large congressional district. Daniel A. Sutherland (R)
 * Hawaii's at-large congressional district. William P. Jarrett (D)
 * Philippines's at-large congressional district. Isauro Gabaldon (Nac.)
 * Philippines's at-large congressional district. Pedro Guevara (Nac.)
 * Puerto Rico's at-large congressional district. Félix Córdova Dávila

[[File:68 us house membership.png|thumb|400px|

Changes in membership
The count below reflects changes from the beginning of the first session of this Congress.

Senate

 * Replacements: 8
 * Democratic: no net change
 * Republican: 1 seat net loss
 * Farmer–Labor: 1 seat net gain
 * Deaths: 7
 * Resignations: 0
 * Vacancy: 0
 * Total seats with changes: 7

House of Representatives

 * Replacements: 22
 * Democratic: 1 seat net gain
 * Republican: 1 seat net loss
 * Deaths: 15
 * Resignations: 6
 * Contested election: 0
 * Total seats with changes: 24

Senate

 * Agriculture and Forestry (Chairman: George W. Norris; Ranking Member: Ellison D. Smith)
 * Alien Property Custodian's Office (Select)
 * Appropriations (Chairman: Francis E. Warren; Ranking Member: Lee S. Overman)
 * Audit and Control the Contingent Expenses of the Senate (Chairman: Henry W. Keyes; Ranking Member: Kenneth McKellar)
 * Banking and Currency (Chairman: George P. McLean; Ranking Member: Duncan U. Fletcher)
 * Civil Service (Chairman: James Couzens then Porter H. Dale; Ranking Member: Kenneth McKellar)
 * Claims (Chairman: Rice W. Means; Ranking Member: Park Trammell)
 * Commerce (Chairman: Wesley L. Jones; Ranking Member: Duncan U. Fletcher)
 * District of Columbia (Chairman: Arthur Capper; Ranking Member: William H. King)
 * Education and Labor (Chairman: Lawrence C. Phipps; Ranking Member: Andrieus A. Jones)
 * Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Frank L. Greene; Ranking Member: Coleman L. Blease)
 * Expenditures in Executive Departments (Chairman: David A. Reed; Ranking Member: Oscar W. Underwood)
 * Finance (Chairman: Reed Smoot; Ranking Member: Furnifold M. Simmons)
 * Foreign Relations (Chairman: William E. Borah; Ranking Member: Claude Swanson)
 * Immigration (Chairman: Hiram W. Johnson; Ranking Member: William H. King)
 * Indian Affairs (Chairman: John W. Harreld; Ranking Member: Henry F. Ashurst)
 * Internal Revenue Bureau (Select)
 * Interoceanic Canals (Chairman: Walter Evans Edge; Ranking Member: Thomas J. Walsh)
 * Interstate Commerce (Chairman: James Eli Watson; Ranking Member: Ellison D. Smith)
 * Irrigation and Reclamation (Chairman: Charles L. McNary; Ranking Member: Morris Sheppard)
 * Judiciary (Chairman: Albert B. Cummins; Ranking Member: Lee S. Overman)
 * Library (Chairman: Simeon D. Fess; Ranking Member: Kenneth McKellar)
 * Manufactures (Chairman: William B. McKinley; Ranking Member: Ellison D. Smith)
 * Military Affairs (Chairman: James W. Wadsworth Jr.; Ranking Member: Duncan U. Fletcher)
 * Mines and Mining (Chairman: Tasker L. Oddie; Ranking Member: Thomas J. Walsh)
 * Naval Affairs (Chairman: Frederick Hale; Ranking Member: Claude A. Swanson)
 * Patents (Chairman: William M. Butler; Ranking Member: Ellison D. Smith)
 * Pensions (Chairman: Peter Norbeck; Ranking Member: Peter G. Gerry)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: George H. Moses; Ranking Member: Kenneth McKellar)
 * Printing (Chairman: George W. Pepper; Ranking Member: Duncan U. Fletcher)
 * Privileges and Elections (Chairman: Richard P. Ernst; Ranking Member: William H. King)
 * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Bert M. Fernald; Ranking Member: James A. Reed)
 * Public Lands and Surveys (Chairman: Robert Nelson Stanfield; Ranking Member: Key Pittman)
 * Rules (Chairman: Charles Curtis; Ranking Member: Lee S. Overman)
 * Senatorial Elections (Select)
 * Tariff Commission (Select)
 * Territories and Insular Possessions (Chairman: Frank B. Willis; Ranking Member: Key Pittman)
 * War Finance Corporation Loans (Select)
 * Whole

House of Representatives

 * Accounts (Chairman: Clarence MacGregor; Ranking Member: Ralph Waldo Emerson Gilbert)
 * Agriculture (Chairman: Gilbert N. Haugen; Ranking Member: James B. Aswell)
 * Alcoholic Liquor Traffic (Chairman: Grant M. Hudson; Ranking Member: William D. Upshaw)
 * Appropriations (Chairman: Martin B. Madden; Ranking Member: Joseph W. Byrns)
 * Banking and Currency (Chairman: Louis T. McFadden; Ranking Member: Otis Wingo)
 * Census (Chairman: E. Hart Fenn; Ranking Member: John E. Rankin)
 * Civil Service (Chairman: Frederick R. Lehlbach; Ranking Member: Lamar Jeffers)
 * Claims (Chairman: Charles L. Underhill; Ranking Member: John C. Box)
 * Coinage, Weights and Measures (Chairman: Randolph Perkins; Ranking Member: Bill G. Lowrey)
 * Disposition of Executive Papers (Chairman: Edward H. Wason; Ranking Member: Arthur B. Rouse)
 * District of Columbia (Chairman: Frederick N. Zihlman; Ranking Member: Christopher D. Sullivan)
 * Education (Chairman: Daniel A. Reed; Ranking Member: Bill G. Lowrey)
 * Election of the President, Vice President and Representatives in Congress (Chairman: Hays B. White; Ranking Member: Lamar Jeffers)
 * Elections No.#1 (Chairman: Don B. Colton; Ranking Member: C.B. Hudspeth)
 * Elections No.#2 (Chairman: Bird J. Vincent; Ranking Member: Gordon Browning)
 * Elections No.#3 (Chairman: Charles L. Gifford; Ranking Member: Guinn Williams)
 * Enrolled Bills (Chairman: Guy E. Campbell; Ranking Member: Thomas L. Blanton)
 * Expenditures in the Agriculture Department (Chairman: Edward J. King; Ranking Member: Frank Gardner)
 * Expenditures in the Commerce Department (Chairman: Henry R. Rathbone; Ranking Member: Miles C. Allgood)
 * Expenditures in the Interior Department (Chairman: William Williamson; Ranking Member: Sol Bloom)
 * Expenditures in the Justice Department (Chairman: Willis G. Sears; Ranking Member: Frank Oliver)
 * Expenditures in the Labor Department (Chairman: Carroll L. Beedy; Ranking Member: Thomas L. Blanton)
 * Expenditures in the Navy Department (Chairman: George F. Brumm; Ranking Member: Charles L. Abernethy)
 * Expenditures in the Post Office Department (Chairman: Philip D. Swing; Ranking Member: Guinn Williams)
 * Expenditures in the State Department (Chairman: J. Will Taylor; Ranking Member: George C. Peery)
 * Expenditures in the Treasury Department (Chairman: Ernest W. Gibson; Ranking Member: Heartsill Ragon)
 * Expenditures in the War Department (Chairman: Thaddeus C. Sweet; Ranking Member: Arthur H. Greenwood)
 * Expenditures on Public Buildings (Chairman: Elmer O. Leatherwood; Ranking Member: Samuel Dickstein)
 * Flood Control (Chairman: Frank R. Reid; Ranking Member: Riley J. Wilson)
 * Foreign Affairs (Chairman: Stephen G. Porter; Ranking Member: J. Charles Linthicum)
 * Immigration and Naturalization (Chairman: Albert Johnson; Ranking Member: Adolph J. Sabath)
 * Indian Affairs (Chairman: John W. Harreld; Ranking Member: Carl Hayden)
 * Industrial Arts and Expositions (Chairman: George A. Welsh; Ranking Member: Fritz G. Lanham)
 * Inquiry into Operation of the United States Air Services (Select) (Chairman: N/A)
 * Insular Affairs (Chairman: Scott Leavitt; Ranking Member: Mell G. Underwood)
 * Interstate and Foreign Commerce (Chairman: James S. Parker; Ranking Member: Alben W. Barkley)
 * Invalid Pensions (Chairman: Charles E. Fuller; Ranking Member: Mell G. Underwood)
 * Irrigation and Reclamation (Chairman: Addison T. Smith; Ranking Member: Carl Hayden)
 * Judiciary (Chairman: George S. Graham; Ranking Member: Hatton W. Sumners)
 * Labor (Chairman: William F. Kopp; Ranking Member: William D. Upshaw)
 * Library (Chairman: Robert Luce; Ranking Member: Ralph Waldo Emerson Gilbert)
 * Merchant Marine and Fisheries (Chairman: Frank D. Scott; Ranking Member: Ladislas Lazaro)
 * Mileage (Chairman: Carroll L. Beedy; Ranking Member: John W. Moore)
 * Military Affairs (Chairman: John M. Morin; Ranking Member: Percy E. Quin)
 * Mines and Mining (Chairman: John M. Robsion; Ranking Member: Daniel Sutherland)
 * Naval Affairs (Chairman: Thomas S. Butler; Ranking Member: Carl Vinson)
 * Patents (Chairman: Albert H. Vestal; Ranking Member: Fritz G. Lanham)
 * Pensions (Chairman: Harold Knutson; Ranking Member: William D. Upshaw)
 * Post Office and Post Roads (Chairman: William W. Griest; Ranking Member: Thomas M. Bell)
 * Printing (Chairman: Edward M. Beers; Ranking Member: William F. Stevenson)
 * Public Buildings and Grounds (Chairman: Richard N. Elliott; Ranking Member: Fritz G. Lanham)
 * Public Lands (Chairman: Nicholas J. Sinnott; Ranking Member: John E. Raker then John M. Evans)
 * Railways and Canals (Chairman: Oscar E. Keller; Ranking Member: William C. Lankford)
 * Revision of Laws (Chairman: Roy G. Fitzgerald; Ranking Member: Alfred L. Bulwinkle)
 * Rivers and Harbors (Chairman: S. Wallace Dempsey; Ranking Member: Joseph J. Mansfield)
 * Roads (Chairman: Cassius C. Dowell; Ranking Member: Edward B. Almon)
 * Rules (Chairman: Bertrand H. Snell; Ranking Member: Edward W. Pou)
 * Standards of Official Conduct
 * Territories (Chairman: Charles F. Curry; Ranking Member: William C. Lankford)
 * War Claims (Chairman: James G. Strong; Ranking Member: Bill G. Lowrey)
 * Ways and Means (Chairman: William R. Green; Ranking Member: John N. Garner)
 * Woman Suffrage (Chairman: Wallace H. White Jr.; Ranking Member: John E. Raker then Christopher D. Sullivan)
 * World War Veterans' Legislation (Chairman: Royal C. Johnson; Ranking Member: Carl Hayden)
 * Whole

Joint committees

 * Civil Service Retirement Act
 * Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
 * Disposition of (Useless) Executive Papers
 * Determine what Employment may be Furnished Federal Prisoners (Chairman: Rep. George S. Graham)
 * Investigation of Northern Pacific Railroad Land Grants (Chairman: Rep. Nicholas J. Sinnott)
 * Muscle Shoals
 * The Library (Chairman: Sen. Simeon D. Fess)
 * Printing (Chairman: Sen. George H. Moses; Vice Chairman: Rep. Edgar R. Kiess)
 * Taxation (Chairman: Rep. William R. Green)

Caucuses

 * Democratic (House)
 * Democratic (Senate)

Legislative branch agency directors

 * Architect of the Capitol: Elliott Woods, until May 22, 1923
 * David Lynn, from August 22, 1923
 * Comptroller General of the United States: John R. McCarl
 * Librarian of Congress: Herbert Putnam
 * Public Printer of the United States: George H. Carter

Senate

 * Chaplain: John J. Muir Baptist
 * Secretary: George A. Sanderson
 * Librarian: Edward C. Goodwin
 * Sergeant at Arms: David S. Barry

House of Representatives

 * Chaplain: James S. Montgomery Methodist
 * Clerk: William T. Page
 * Doorkeeper: Bert W. Kennedy
 * Clerk at the Speaker's Table: Lehr Fess
 * Reading Clerks: Patrick Joseph Haltigan (D) and Alney E. Chaffee (R)
 * Postmaster: Frank W. Collier
 * Sergeant at Arms: Joseph G. Rodgers

title: 68th United States Congress


text:
User talk:Taurrandir

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome!
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hank scorpio
just wondering why the hank scorpio article needed to be deleted/redirected back to the episode he was in. he is a good and popular character from the simpsons, (that episode is the most popular simpsons episode ever on tv.com btw)and i think he deserves to have his own page. i mean, why not? what would be the disadvantage of hank scorpio having his own page- he is a very different and popular guest character on the simpsons.

Image:Domo1.jpg
"Fair use" images are not allowed in the user namespace so could you remove it please.Geni 23:18, 15 December 2006 (UTC)

Image:Pictures_228.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, Image:Pictures_228.jpg, has been listed at. Please look there to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. Nv8200p talk 14:34, 16 January 2007 (UTC)

Survey Invitation
Hi there, I am a research student from the National University of Singapore and I wish to invite you to do an online survey about Wikipedia. To compensate you for your time, I am offering a reward of USD$10, either to you or as a donation to the Wikimedia Foundation. For more information, please go to the research home page. Thank you. --WikiInquirer 09:25, 16 March 2007 (UTC)talk to me

Revision to Sid Meier's Alien Crossfire and Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri articles
I noticed that you have revised either Sid Meier's Alpha Centauri or Sid Meier's Alien Crossfire.

I intend to revise those articles following the WikiProject Video games/Article guidelines. There are more details on the discussion pages of those articles. I'd be interested in any comments you have. It would be best if your comments were on the discussion pages of the two articles.

Thank you.

Vyeh (talk) 03:21, 10 June 2010 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:03, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Taurrandir


text:
User:Roint

I am Joel Glidden
Hey.

Wikipedia Links so I can remember them: Image copyright tags

title: User:Roint


text:
Ground Zero: Texas

Ground Zero: Texas is a full motion video game, released for the Sega CD in November 1993. The game relies heavily on video footage, with which the player interacts. It contains 110 minutes of interactive footage from four different cameras. It was directed by Dwight H. Little, who is also known for the films Marked for Death and Halloween 4: The Return of Michael Myers.

Plot
In 1995, aliens known as Reticulans attacked El Cadron, a small border town in Texas. The player has arrived to save the townspeople, who have been disappearing. The aliens have clever ways of disguising themselves as townspeople. The player's mission is to do away with the Reticulans, but they cannot be killed with regular guns. The player is armed with four BattleCams, with a stunning particle beam that stops the alien temporarily. The player must rid the world of the Reticulan menace before the entire area is destroyed by a nuclear bomb.

Four special operatives will help the player by providing clues to the Reticulan base. When a special operative is fighting with a Reticulan, the player has to shoot the enemy before they can abduct the special operative. After the enemy is disposed of, the special operative can look at its pendant. On each pendant is a number and a shape that corresponds to a special lock. Once the code is cracked, the vaulted door opens to reveal the Reticulans' weapons arsenal and a cold storage area.

After the base is secured, all of the player's BattleCams become reprogrammed with Reticulan weaponry. Upon learning of this development, the Reticulans deploy stormtroopers to destroy the town and its people. The Special Forces fight back as the areas of the town explode into debris.

In a desperate attempt to stop the Special Forces, the Reticulans abduct Reece, take him to their mothership, and prepare to take off. DiSalvo rigs a special BattleCam armed with a giant alien cannon. With a single well-placed shot, the mothership is obliterated, saving the town and Earth from the Reticulan army.

Development
Ground Zero Texas was a "second-generation" title for Digital Pictures, their first titles for the Sega CD having been rehashes of titles developed for Hasbro's aborted NEMO system. The game had a US$3 million dollar budget. Most of this was generated by the bundling of Sewer Shark with Sega CD consoles.

The game started life with the codename Project X, a script written by Digital Pictures co-founder Ken Melville that was inspired by Invasion of the Body Snatchers and Invaders from Mars. By the time development started, the script had been re-written by Alan B. McElroy, Edward Neumeier and Joshua Stallings.

The game's FMV was shot by a full Hollywood film crew, which meant that Digital Pictures had to negotiate with the Directors Guild, Screen Actors Guild and Writers Guild – the first time this had been done for a video game.

In the game, the film elements suffered due to the technical limitations of the Sega CD. The film had to be processed to reduce it to a palette of 64 colors and to accommodate the slow data transfer rate of the CD drive. Despite the limitations, the game's visual appearance was still described as "breathtaking" for 1993 by Edge. In a retrospective interview with Edge, Ken Melville of Digital Pictures expressed his displeasure at the technical limitations of the video, "All our video had to be tortured, kicking and screaming, into the most horrifying, blurry, reduced-color-palette mess imaginable in the Sega CD. I shudder to think about it"

Reception
Ground Zero: Texas was a bestseller in the UK for two months. It was the top-selling Mega CD game in the UK for four months in 1994, from February to May.

It was awarded Best Sega Mega-CD Game of 1994 by Electronic Gaming Monthly. Though their review of the game criticized it for poor control design, bad acting, and corny dialogue, they praised the music and storyline and scored it a 7.5 out of 10.

Reissue
In 2021, the game was released for PlayStation 4 and Windows PC, and was also reissued in its original Sega CD edition by Limited Run Games.

title: Ground Zero: Texas


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/SOLDIER

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. Look at my name here. I know Final Fantacruft when I see it. This doesn't need an article, and I doubt it needs a redirect. If it does, make one. Golbez 22:16, Jun 20, 2005 (UTC)

SOLDIER
non notable, fancruft Melaen 22:28, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * agreed, delete -- Cuahl 22:31, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Makes no sense, apparantely fancruft. Delete Deus Ex 22:52, 13 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Soldier. Some people can't figure out CAPS LOCK, you know? :-) A и D я 01D  TALK  EMAIL  23:55, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Hmm, I'm not sure of that one.. SOLDIER is a FF reference, while "Soldier" is.. well, the obvious. If anything it should be disambiguous right? -- Cuahl 00:38, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete: Whatever it's a reference to, it's not clear. Whatever the master fiction is, it ought to go there.  Cloud would want it that way. Geogre 02:02, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Final Fantasy VII. At least, I don't think the organization is relevant to any other FF games. -- Jonel 03:19, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * No one agree it should be a disambiguous page instead? Directing Soldier and SOLDIER? -- Cuahl 04:12, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I really don't like catering to people who don't know how to turn off Caps Lock. Especially when the capitalized version is an actual topic (though, of course, in this case one that isn't notable enough to stand on its own).  If there weren't a canonical fictional entity with the capitalized name, we would not have a redirect from SOLDIER to soldier. -- Jonel 04:31, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Redirect to Soldier and disambiguate there. Nothing here that isn't in the FFVII article. -- Grev -- Talk 04:23, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Redirect to Soldier. JamesBurns 10:16, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, fancruft, but maybe it should really be mentioned on a disambiguation page. --U.U. 16:44, Jun 20, 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/SOLDIER


text:
Shenendehowa Central School District

The Shenendehowa Central School District, often shortened to Shen, is a public school district located in New York's Capital District. The district's 232 acre main campus is located off NY 146 in Clifton Park, and is home to eight of the district's 12 schools, in five buildings. The remaining four schools are called "neighborhood elementary schools" and are located throughout the district in three buildings. The district serves approximately 9,500 students in grades K-12 from throughout its 86 sqmi territory which includes the towns of Clifton Park, Halfmoon, Ballston Lake, Round Lake, Malta and parts of Waterford, Rexford, Mechanicville and Stillwater. Shenendehowa is the largest School District in Saratoga County, and the largest in student population in the Suburban Council, an interscholastic athletic consortium of 11 area school with a districts.

Schools
Today, Shenendehowa is a district of 13 schools: 8 elementary schools, 3 middle schools, and 2 high schools.

Elementary schools
Four elementary schools are located on the main campus (Skano, Tesago, Orenda, and Karigon). The other four are neighborhood elementary schools including Okte, located on CR-92 Crescent Road off Exit 8 of the Adirondack Northway (I-87); Chango, located off CR-80 Round Lake Road at Exit 11 of the Adirondack Northway (I-87); and Arongen and Shatekon, both located just off the main campus. These schools are for students in grades K-5, with AM and PM kindergartens.

Principals

 * Andrew Hills - Arongen
 * Michelle Rawson - Chango
 * Malik Jones - Karigon
 * Kathleen Strangis - Okte
 * Todd Giagni - Orenda
 * Erica J. Ryan - Shatekon
 * Jill Florio - Skano
 * Gregory Pace - Tesago

Middle schools
The district's three middle school buildings share one large complex on the main campus. The schools share areas such as gyms and libraries, but function as separate schools. One section of the middle school complex is the oldest building on campus, but has undergone extensive renovations and reconfigurations over the 63 years since it was built. The building now is home to Acadia, Koda, and Gowana Middle Schools, which together house all students in grades 6 through 8, divided by geographical region. Koda is the newest school and opened in 1999.

Principals

 * Jonathan Burns - Acadia
 * Robin Gawrys - Gowana
 * Rose Beckett - Koda

Shenendehowa High School
Shenendehowa High School is divided into two buildings, designated East and West by their respective geographical locations on the district's main campus. The West Building houses Grade 9, while the East Building houses Grades 10-12 Since the opening of the new wing of the East building in September 2004, that building has housed all of the district's sophomores, juniors, and seniors, while the West building has housed only the district's freshmen. The current principal is Ron Agostinoni.

Board of education
At the district level, Shenendehowa is governed by a Board of Education made up of seven unsalaried citizens who serve three-year terms, and who are elected on a rotating basis. The current members of the board of education are:

 * Naomi Hoffman - President
 * Jason Digianni - Vice President
 * Petra Holden
 * Gusta Miller
 * Stacey Pfolmm
 * Deanna Stephenson
 * Thomas Templeton

Superintendent
The board of education also employs a district superintendent who oversees the day-to-day operation of the district and who is responsible for the administration of board policies. The current superintendent is Dr L. Oliver Robinson, who received his bachelor's degree from Brown University and his master's degree and doctorate from SUNY Albany. He was previously the superintendent of Mohonasen Central School District, and received The Business Review's Best and Brightest Under 40 Award in 2004.

Past superintendents include:
 * John O'Rourke (interim superintendent 2005)
 * Dr. Robert McClure (1998-2005)
 * Dr. Richard O'Rourke (interim superintendent 1997-1998)
 * John Yagielski (1992-1997)
 * Edward McHale (1985-1992)
 * Dr. Edwin Dunmire (1968-1985)
 * Richard Zeller (1968)
 * Charles Frier (1961-1968)
 * Rodney Winans (1950-1961)

District statistics
In the 2005-06 school year, 4463 students were enrolled in grades K-5, 2269 were enrolled in grades 6-8, and 2858 were enrolled in grades 9-12. The district employed 676 teachers, 12 principals, 10 assistant principals, 85 professional staff, and 36 paraprofessionals during the same school year.

In the 2012-13 school year, a total of 8,745 students were enrolled in the district at the end of the year. The district employed 662 teachers, 12 principals, 11 assistant principals, and 85 professional staff.

History
Shenendehowa Central School district was established on January 14, 1950, under the name of "Central Schools District No. 2, of the Towns of Clifton Park, Halfmoon, Malta, Waterford, Ballston and Stillwater, County of Saratoga, New York." The name Shenendehowa was decided later and accredited to old Dutch maps which designated the area as such. The school board says the word "Shenendahowe" comes from an Iroquois word meaning "Great Plains". All of the schools, with the exception of the high schools, have names derived from the Iroquois language.

After construction, kindergarten students and students of grades 8 through 12 were allowed to move into the main building (now Gowana and Acadia) in 1953. The following year, students of grades 1 through 7 would enter the same building. Grades K-6 moved to Tesago and Skano in 1966, while grades 9-12 moved to Shenendehowa High School after it was built in 1970. Shenendehowa Central School District continued to expand with Orenda and Karigon (1968); Okte (1973); Chango (1974); Koda Middle School (1976) (now High School West); Arongen (1992); High School West (1999); and Shatekon (2007).

Alma Mater
Shenendehowa's alma mater, written in 1962, is as follows:"Shenendehowa Central out on the plain so clear; Her Carillon bells are standing a symbol we hold dear; And through the years she'll guide us and help us on our way; We never will forget her but with honour will repay; Alma Mater, Alma Mater; to thee we sang our praise; Shenendehowa Central; Our standard our guide always"

Athletic teams
Shenendehowa's athletic teams are called the Plainsmen, and their mascot is the stallion. Until 1995, the district used two different caricatures of a Native American as a mascot; they were phased out due to concerns that it depicted Native Americans in a demeaning and prejudicial fashion. The Plainsmen participate in 34 varsity sports over all seasons, as well as competing at junior varsity, freshman, and modified levels in many of these sports. Fall varsity sports include boys' cross country, American football, golf, soccer, and volleyball, as well as girls' cross country running, field hockey, soccer, swimming and diving, tennis, volleyball, color guard, and cheerleading. In the winter season, the Plainsmen compete in boys' and girls' alpine and cross-country skiing, basketball, bowling club, winter guard, and indoor track, as well as boys' wrestling, swimming and diving, and ice hockey, and girls' gymnastics and cheerleading. The spring season includes boys' and girls' track and field and lacrosse, as well as baseball and tennis for boys, and softball for girls.

Although not officially associated with Shenendehowa athletics, Friends of Shenendehowa Crew, Inc. sponsors crew teams at the modified, freshmen, and varsity levels which are open to Shenendehowa students. )

title: Shenendehowa Central School District


text:
Ensembl genome database project

Ensembl genome database project is a scientific project at the European Bioinformatics Institute, which provides a centralized resource for geneticists, molecular biologists and other researchers studying the genomes of our own species and other vertebrates and model organisms. Ensembl is one of several well known genome browsers for the retrieval of genomic information.

Similar databases and browsers are found at NCBI and the University of California, Santa Cruz (UCSC).

History
The human genome consists of three billion base pairs, which code for approximately 20,000–25,000 genes. However the genome alone is of little use, unless the locations and relationships of individual genes can be identified. One option is manual annotation, whereby a team of scientists tries to locate genes using experimental data from scientific journals and public databases. However this is a slow, painstaking task. The alternative, known as automated annotation, is to use the power of computers to do the complex pattern-matching of protein to DNA. The Ensembl project was launched in 1999 in response to the imminent completion of the Human Genome Project, with the initial goals of automatically annotate the human genome, integrate this annotation with available biological data and make all this knowledge publicly available.

In the Ensembl project, sequence data are fed into the gene annotation system (a collection of software "pipelines" written in Perl) which creates a set of predicted gene locations and saves them in a MySQL database for subsequent analysis and display. Ensembl makes these data freely accessible to the world research community. All the data and code produced by the Ensembl project is available to download, and there is also a publicly accessible database server allowing remote access. In addition, the Ensembl website provides computer-generated visual displays of much of the data.

Over time the project has expanded to include additional species (including key model organisms such as mouse, fruitfly and zebrafish) as well as a wider range of genomic data, including genetic variations and regulatory features. Since April 2009, a sister project, Ensembl Genomes, has extended the scope of Ensembl into invertebrate metazoa, plants, fungi, bacteria, and protists, focusing on providing taxonomic and evolutionary context to genes, whilst the original project continues to focus on vertebrates.

As of 2020, Ensembl supported over 50 000 genomes across both Ensembl and Ensembl Genomes databases, adding some new innovative features such as Rapid Release, a new website designed to make genome annotation data available more quickly to users, and COVID-19, a new website to access to SARS-CoV-2 reference genome.

Displaying genomic data

Central to the Ensembl concept is the ability to automatically generate graphical views of the alignment of genes and other genomic data against a reference genome. These are shown as data tracks, and individual tracks can be turned on and off, allowing the user to customise the display to suit their research interests. The interface also enables the user to zoom in to a region or move along the genome in either direction.

Other displays show data at varying levels of resolution, from whole karyotypes down to text-based representations of DNA and amino acid sequences, or present other types of display such as trees of similar genes (homologues) across a range of species. The graphics are complemented by tabular displays, and in many cases data can be exported directly from the page in a variety of standard file formats such as FASTA.

Externally produced data can also be added to the display by uploading a suitable file in one of the supported formats, such as BAM, BED, or PSL.

Graphics are generated using a suite of custom Perl modules based on GD, the standard Perl graphics display library.

Alternative access methods
In addition to its website, Ensembl provides a REST API and a Perl API (Application Programming Interface) that models biological objects such as genes and proteins, allowing simple scripts to be written to retrieve data of interest. The same API is used internally by the web interface to display the data. It is divided in sections like the core API, the compara API (for comparative genomics data), the variation API (for accessing SNPs, SNVs, CNVs..), and the functional genomics API (to access regulatory data). The Ensembl website provides extensive information on how to install and use the API.

This software can be used to access the public MySQL database, avoiding the need to download enormous datasets. The users could even choose to retrieve data from the MySQL with direct SQL queries, but this requires an extensive knowledge of the current database schema.

Large datasets can be retrieved using the BioMart data-mining tool. It provides a web interface for downloading datasets using complex queries.

Last, there is an FTP server which can be used to download entire MySQL databases as well some selected data sets in other formats.

Current species
The annotated genomes include most fully sequenced vertebrates and selected model organisms. All of them are eukaryotes, there are no prokaryotes. As of 2022, there are 271 species registered, this includes:

Open source/mirrors
All data part of the Ensembl project is open access and all software is open source, being freely available to the scientific community, under a CC BY 4.0 license. Currently, Ensembl database website is mirrored at four different locations worldwide to improve the service.

title: Ensembl genome database project


text:
Roccella Ionica

Roccella Ionica (also known as Roccella Jonica or simply as Roccella (Roccellese: Rucceja) is a town and comune located on the Ionian Sea in Calabria, southern Italy.

Possibly built on the site of the ancient Greek settlement of Amphissa, Roccella is probably best known for hosting a major annual jazz festival. It is a town on the sea and has many tourists in summer for beach vacations.

Twin towns

 * 🇮🇹 Arco

title: Roccella Ionica


text:
Washington, My Home

"Washington, My Home" (sometimes stylized "Washington My Home") is the state song of Washington, in the United States. It was composed in 1951 by Helen Davis and set to music by Stuart Churchill under the name "America, My Home". Subsequently, retitled and rewritten as "Washington, My Home", it was made the state song in 1959 by an act of the Washington State Legislature. An earlier anthem, "Washington Beloved", was declared the state song in 1909 by a ceremonial resolution of the state legislature.

Predecessor
"Washington Beloved" was written by Edmond Meany for the University of Washington's 1906 songbook. Penned in four verses, the melody was composed by Reginald De Koven who agreed to set Meany's words to music for $100, which was paid by the Associated Students of the University of Washington. It was debuted by the University of Washington Glee Club on December 13, 1907. The following month, "Washington Beloved" was also performed during dedication ceremonies of Lorado Taft's statue of George Washington at the University of Washington campus in Seattle, following orations by Meany and French ambassador Jean Jules Jusserand.

While Meany did not intend for "Washington Beloved" to be anything more than a collegiate song, a movement started to establish it as the state anthem, the lyrics being equally suitable for such use and the composer – de Koven – sufficiently prominent.

"Washington Beloved" was declared the Washington state anthem on March 11, 1909, by concurrent resolution of the two chambers of the Washington state legislature sitting in joint session, the act signed by Governor Marion E. Hay on March 18 of that year. Ten members of the legislature, all from Eastern Washington, abstained from voting on the resolution due to the song's lyrics which referred to "purple banners", purple being one of the school colors of the University of Washington, rival to the eastern-situated Washington State College. Concurrent resolutions in joint session are only ceremonial expressions of the will of the legislature so the establishment of "Washington Beloved" was not codified as state law.

In 1935, the Washington Emergency Relief Administration printed and distributed copies of "Washington Beloved" to all of the state's children. Despite these and other efforts, however, the song fell into disuse.

Prior to World War II, the Theodore Presser Company obtained distribution rights to "Washington Beloved" from the John Church Company and renamed it "Loyal and True" with the intent of licensing it as a generic school song for use by universities, though it did not gain popularity in this incarnation either.

Composition and adoption
"Washington, My Home" was written by Helen Davis of South Bend, Washington and arranged by Stuart Churchill as "America, My Home" for the Pacific County Centennial Pageant of 1951. The following year, Davis rewrote the lyrics and retitled the song "Washington, My Home" to enter into the 1953 Washington centennial song competition, commemorating the establishment and independence of Washington Territory from Oregon Territory in 1853.

In 1959, "Washington, My Home" was declared the state song in an 89–5 vote of the Washington House of Representatives and a unanimous vote of the state senate, the act thereafter promulgated by Governor Albert Rosellini. Rosellini signed the legislation establishing the song as the anthem in the governor's office in Olympia on March 19, 1959, with Davis present at the signing. Others present as witnesses included Frederick Cohn, the former president of the Washington Federation of Music Clubs; Dale Nordquist, a member of the state senate from Centralia; and Joe Chytil, a member of the state house from Chehalis.

1985 proposal

In 1985, television host Ross Shafer began a campaign to replace "Washington, My Home" as the state song with "Louie, Louie", on the basis that the latter song was popularized by Tacoma, Washington, resident Rockin' Robin Roberts two years prior to it achieving national acclaim as a rock standard. After several county governments enacted resolutions supporting the campaign, a rally was held on the steps of the Washington State Capitol featuring The Fabulous Wailers, The Kingsmen, and Paul Revere and the Raiders, who performed a 30-minute version of the tune. The growing seriousness of the campaign, however, prompted a backlash from members of the legislature; the Washington Post reported, at the time, that two factions developed among lawmakers, one determined to preserve "Washington, My Home" and the other agitating for its replacement with Woody Guthrie's "Roll On, Columbia, Roll On". The latter faction secured Guthrie's son, Arlo, to fly to Washington and perform "Roll On, Columbia, Roll On" at the Capitol. Meanwhile, residents of Idaho and Oregon began protesting the proposed adoption of "Louie, Louie" saying their states had a better claim on the song than Washington while the aging Helen Davis also expressed ire at the potential abandonment of her work.

In a floor debate, Representative Bob Basich of Aberdeen, Washington, denounced the move to adopt "Louie, Louie", saying it would be like "making marijuana our state plant". As a compromise, the legislature ultimately preserved "Washington, My Home" as the state song while also adopting "Louie, Louie" as the state rock anthem and "Roll On, Columbia, Roll On" as the official folk song.

2011 proposal
In 2011, papers were filed to place a referendum on the general election ballot to change the state song from "Washington, My Home" to the Seattle SuperSonics fight song – "Not In Our House" by Sir Mix-a-Lot – until such time as an NBA franchise was reassigned to Seattle at which time the song would have reverted to "Washington, My Home". The sponsor of the effort, Kris Brannon, said he undertook the attempt to raise awareness of the Sonics' then-imminent departure for Oklahoma City. The proposal would have required a petition signed by 241,153 registered voters to qualify for inclusion on the election ballot; no signatures were submitted by the deadline.

Reception
Following the designation of "Washington, My Home" as state song, Harry Bauer – the former director of libraries at the University of Washington – opined that:

"... it is highly questionable whether legislators are well advised in usurping the traditional prerogative of citizens by arbitrarily adopting a state song. In questions relating to fine arts, a legislature should confirm, not affirm. Congress did not make "The Star-Spangled Banner" our national anthem in 1931. Years after the people of the United States decided the matter, Congress merely officially approved the choice."

John F. Kennedy once praised the lyrics of "Washington, My Home" and suggested its line "for you and me, a destiny" replace the state's commonly accepted, though unofficial, motto Alki, the latter a word in the local creole Chinook Jargon roughly meaning "by and by", "eventually", or "future".

Codification
Section 1.20.070 of the Revised Code of Washington (RCW) sets forth that:

"The song, music and lyrics, "Washington My Home", composed by Helen Davis, is hereby designated as the official song of the state of Washington."

Section 1.20.071 of the RCW goes on to provide that:

"All proceeds from the sale of the official song of the state as designated in RCW 1.20.070 shall be placed in the general fund."

Copyright
In August 1959, Davis assigned the copyright of the song to the State of Washington.

title: Washington, My Home


text:
User talk:192.216.61.102

 * yourloghomecenter.com ( *|search current ) - by M&T Bank Mortgage Division

This IP resolves to employees.allfirst.com, owned by M&T Bank Corporation. Continuing the spam from (note the name) and.

bd2412 T 19:37, 6 September 2010 (UTC)

New signs of unconstructive or unexplained activity
Another editor picked up this combination of straight vandalism and unexplained deletion and corrected the vandalism; this one is just an explained deletion of a referenced Occupy NY item in the police commissioner's article. I haven't checked others of the fairly extensive list of edits from this IP (25+- in '11) but would recommend it. Obviously, other response also may be appropriate.

To the IP user(s): I would ask you please to quit this counter-productive activity in a free, volunteer-driven community resource. There are great ways to contribute but so far at least I haven't seen them from this quarter. Thanks for your attention, and cheers. Swliv (talk) 20:57, 30 January 2012 (UTC)

Your edits to February 26
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title: User talk:192.216.61.102


text:
Weston High School (Connecticut)

Weston High School is a public high school in Weston, Connecticut, serving about 800 students in grades 9–12.

The Class of 2008 had the highest CAPT scores in the state in 2006. In 2013 Weston High School was put on the National Blue Ribbon Schools Program list. For the purpose of comparison with the achievement levels of similar schools, the state Department of Education classifies schools and communities in "District Reference Groups", defined as "districts whose students' families are similar in education, income, occupation and need, and that have roughly similar enrollment". Weston is one of eight school districts in District Reference Group A (others are Darien, Easton, New Canaan, Redding, Ridgefield, Westport, and Wilton).

The school is fully accredited by the New England Association of Schools and Colleges.

Notable alumni

 * Jared Cohen is a nonfiction author, Rhodes scholar, and the youngest member of the Secretary of State's Policy Planning Staff.
 * Kyle Dunnigan is a comedian who has appeared on Comedy Central, Cedric the Entertainer Presents, Reno 911!, Late Night with Conan O'Brien, Jimmy Kimmel Live!, and The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson.
 * Hans Niemann is a teenage chess grandmaster.
 * Jacob Pitts is an actor who has appeared in prominent films such as Eurotrip, Across The Universe, and 21.
 * Jamey Richard is an NFL player who was drafted by the Indianapolis Colts in the 7th round with the 236th pick in the 2008 NFL Draft.
 * Theodora Richards and Alexandra Richards are international models and the children of Rolling Stone Keith Richards, and graduated in 2003 and 2004.
 * Jonathan W. Stokes is a screenwriter who has written for notable actors such as Jeremy Renner, Will Smith, and Hugh Jackman.
 * Erik Weihenmayer is an American athlete, adventurer, author, activist and motivational speaker, and the first blind person to reach the summit of Mount Everest, on May 25, 2001.

title: Weston High School (Connecticut)