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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sunder

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Ingoolemo  talk  05:07, 2005 Jun 20 (UTC)

Sunder
Non-notable advert for a MMORPG group. Wikibofh 17:51, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge with a larger article about online organizations. However other groups as Sturmgrenadier should also be merged into the larger article. --Magen 15:51, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Does this mean you change your vote from Delete to Merge on Votes for deletion/Sturmgrenadier? ChronoSphere 18:35, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, and I reflected it on Sturm's VFD page. Magen 14:52, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Habap, Destinova1 and Chronosphere are all members of Sturmgrenadier. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 131.55.121.15 (talk • contribs) 20:28, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC) (Added Destionva1 to list ChronoSphere 21:14, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC))
 * This is true; Habap has made some non-Sunder related edits, but Chronosphere has only made Sunder-, Sturmgrenadier-, and his own talk-page-related edits. jglc | t | c 13:38, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I like to think my work on paratroopers (506th Parachute Infantry Regiment, Lynn "Buck" Compton, and Operation Market Garden), in copyediting (Nathaniel Eaton, Police of Italy, and Nonperson) and in general military history (Henry Johnson, Rufus King (Civil War General) and Harlem Hellfighters) would make it seem like I am an actual Wikipedian. Most of my last 50 edits are in fact on this issue and over the last few days, but I would think it is not the majority of my Wiki-ing. --Habap 14:24, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I agree with this; that's why I say you have some non-Sunder edits. Chronosphere, on the other hand, has no evidence of signing up for Wikipedia for any reason other than to work on the Sunder page. jglc | t | c 15:00, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I've been on wikipedia for a while, though not much of an editor - i'm a lurker by admission. Though I would imagine that shouldn't have any weight on the matter - my logic and reasoning should count over why I am here. And this is something that I have knowledge and a vested interest in. Isn't a passion for a subject matter the way many articles get written on wikipedia? If we had a ban on people writing or commenting on articles they have a vested interest in, nothing would get written! :D I want to see entries on online gaming organizations in this Wiki - its not a fad, its not some small thing, and I believe its notable enough to deserve an entry on this Wiki. I orignally voted a weak delete on this article due to it being a blatant advert, saying that I would change my vote if it was edited not to be. It was edited corespondingly, though I still think it could use some work - so I also changed my vote. ChronoSphere 16:07, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Retain Apparently, they have over 200 members, which is above the example low threshold of interest. A similar page exists for Sturmgrenadier. Oddly enough, Sunder is made up of former members of Sturmgrenadier. Together they claim a thousand members. Perhaps significant, perhaps not. Maybe an article on multi-game online gaming units should be created that contains information on all such groups? --Habap 18:28, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Even if the 200 members claim is true, 200 members isn't nearly enough for an encylopedia entry by that criterion alone. Plenty of newsgroups, forums, lodges, and local organisations have thousands of members. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  19:43, Jun 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * Further comment: Also, neither of the two Sunder URLs given in the article have any Alexa rank at all: SunderHQ and Sunder Radio (Alexa ranks the top approx. 7 million sites on the web). This is startling for a group whose claim-to-fame is its online activities. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  19:55, Jun 8, 2005 (UTC)

 * Maybe we should give them a chance to change it to an encyclopedic article instead of outright deletion - there's already a notice about NNPOV there. Though I have to admit they themselves wrote it and would probably not like having to gut the article to put it as NPOV. If nothing changes there before the delete timer runs out, I'll vote for deletion. In the meanwhile, I'll add a notice that its a candidate for deletion - its not on the page at the moment. ChronoSphere 21:31, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge Its an Advert right now. If it gets edit to be non-advert, NPOV, I may change my vote. ChronoSphere 00:48, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * As I said, the new edit makes the page more factual instead of NNPOV - and please keep in mind that both myself and Habap have been reverting vandalism of the sunder page. We both feel that online gaming organizations are not a small thing anymore, and feel that they deserve a mention within Wikipedia. ChronoSphere 23:07, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable. --Carnildo 00:06, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete Non-notable advertising ploy. --Wetman 05:23, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Merge with a larger article about online organizations. It's unreasonable to expect something that's been around for less than 6 months to appear on Alexa.  There are also a number of equally prominent gaming organizations that don't have entries in Wikipedia, such as Conquest www.conquest-guild.org, Afterlife www.afterlifeguild.org, and Fires of Heaven www.fohguild.org.  All of the aforementioned organizations have been around longer than either Sunder or Sturmgrenadier, and have had a much larger impact on gaming in general, regardless of their memberbases.  Frankly, this dispute seems to have erupted out of a vendetta against Sunder on the part of Sturmgrenadier, as both users Habap and ChronoSphere are current members of Sturmgrenadier.  It's notable that both have voted to delete the Sunder entry, but to retain the Sturmgrenadier entry, in spite of the inherent similarities of each organization and each entry.  --Vyrus 18:20, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * My apologies. I am clarifying my point in my earlier comment. Retain, along with the half-dozen other such pages for Maza, Team 3D, Sogamed, NiP, Theafers, and Phaze II among others I didn't find in a quick search. I've got nothing against Sunder and, since I don't play WoW, hadn't heard of it until the editing of the SG page. As one can see on the Talk:Sturmgrenadier, I have been campaigning to keep information that indicates Sturmgrenadier is not "perfect". I have created a stub for Online Gaming Organizations and have posted on the Talk:Online Gaming Organizations page that it might be appropriate to list, but not describe these organizations there. --Habap 18:41, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The similarities between the Sturmgrenadier article and the Sunder article are superficial - Sturmgrenadier is larger, older by almost 5 years, is ranked on Alexa Sturmgrenadier.comand has been mentioned in mainstream press by USA Today on June 24th, 2003. And as you may note by reading the text next to my vote above, my rationale behind voting was because the article was a blatant advert - not because I am a member of SG. Please take care to read the discussion in its entirety before making declarations on editors intentions. Please also note that I had changed my vote as a result of the subsequent edits to the article, as I said I would, since I had originally voted a weak delete, contigennt on the article remaining the way it was originally written. ChronoSphere 20:12, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Let me note that this is Vyrus's second edit; the first is an entry on the Sturmgrenadier talk page. These are the only edits he has. jglc | t | c 20:02, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * To clarify the origins of the issue, it appears to have started in the 29th of May when an unknown person added the paragraph on Sunder to the SG page. Neither Chronosphere nor I was the one that VfD'd this article. I know that there are others (one from SG who has been chastised for it) who are not registered and are actually committing anonymous vandalism to these pages. --Habap 20:06, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. "Established in January 2005"?  Come back in January 2010 and see if anybody cares. Quale 21:32, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable gaming clan. This page is merely an advertisement for them.  --SunWuKong 05:59, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete -- non-notable, not really encyclopedic, plus what Quale and SunWuKong said.—chris.lawson (talk) 00:50, 18 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sunder


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Phil Savage

Phillip Savage Jr. (born April 7, 1965) is an American football executive, author and media personality, who currently serves as the Senior Football Advisor for the New York Jets. In 2019 he was the general manager for the Arizona Hotshots of the Alliance of American Football (AAF). He was the senior vice president and general manager of the Browns from 2005 to 2008. He served as director of player personnel for the Baltimore Ravens under general manager Ozzie Newsome, a former Browns' player and member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame, from 2003 to 2004. He was a scout for the Browns from 1993 to 1995. He was also the former general manager of the Cleveland Browns and the executive director for the Senior Bowl.Phil Savage also served as the color announcer for The Alabama Crimson Tide alongside Eli Gold for several years with the Crimson Tide Sports Network, and worked as a guest host, for Sirius XM Sports Radio for several years, before joining the NY Jets. Phil Savage was also on ESPN for several years as a guest host.

Early years
Savage attended high school at Murphy High School in Mobile, Alabama and played football and baseball at the University of the South (Sewanee, Tennessee). He earned a Bachelor of Arts in English and was a three-time all-conference shortstop in baseball. He received a master's degree in physical education from the University of Alabama in 1989.

College coaching career
Savage spent the first seven years of his career in the coaching ranks at Alabama, UCLA, and with the San Antonio Riders of the World League.

First stint with Browns
Savage began his career in the National Football League (NFL) as an intern with the Cleveland Browns in 1991. Savage was hired by the new Browns head coach Bill Belichick as a coach and made the transition to scouting and personnel in 1994. During his first stint in Cleveland, he worked with several talented young scouts and assistant coaches that Belichick had assembled, including Nick Saban, Kirk Ferentz, Pat Hill, and Jim Bates.

Baltimore Ravens
Savage worked his way up the ladder in the front office as a scout and personnel evaluator with the Browns, eventually following Cleveland's former owner Art Modell and the rest of the front office to Baltimore in 1995.

Savage then played an important role in the drafting of 10 Pro Bowl players: offensive tackle Jonathan Ogden, linebacker Ray Lewis, receiver Jermaine Lewis, linebacker Peter Boulware, cornerback Chris McAlister, running back Jamal Lewis, linebacker Adalius Thomas, tight end Todd Heap, safety Ed Reed and linebacker Terrell Suggs.

Second stint with Browns
Savage was named senior vice president and general manager of the Cleveland Browns on January 6, 2005. On December 30, 2005, reports surfaced that Savage was on the verge of being fired after less than one year on the job, an item that was quickly denied by Browns management. The speculation was based on a reported personality conflict between Savage and Browns team president John Collins. Four days after the organizational rift became public, it was Collins who resigned his post after losing the power struggle with Savage.

Savage stole the headlines in the first round of the 2007 NFL Draft as the Browns drafted Wisconsin offensive tackle Joe Thomas with the third pick overall, and then acquired Notre Dame quarterback Brady Quinn with the 22nd pick, acquired through a trade with the Dallas Cowboys. The Browns gave up their 2007 second-round pick and 2008 first-round draft selection to Dallas for the chance to pick Quinn.

The Browns signed Savage to a three-year extension through 2012 on May 2, 2008. However, after a poor 2008 season and an email controversy involving a fan, Savage was fired on December 28, 2008.

Philadelphia Eagles
On February 4, 2010, Savage was hired by the Philadelphia Eagles as a player personnel consultant. In his role, Savage worked with general manager Howie Roseman and director of player personnel Ryan Grigson in preparation for the 2010 NFL Draft, specifically in the evaluation of draft prospects in the southeast part of the country. He was re-hired during training camp.

Senior Bowl
Savage was named the executive director for the Senior Bowl in May 2012 where he served until May 2018. During that time he worked as the color analysis for the Crimson Tide Sports Network.

Arizona Hotshots
In June 2018, Savage joined the Arizona Hotshots of the Alliance of American Football as their general manager.

Analyst career
In April 2009, with Savage no longer in the NFL, he was asked to provide color commentary for the University of Alabama A-Day game along with Eli Gold. Savage voiced an interest in the open position left vacant by Ken Stabler. In June 2009, Savage was officially named part of the Crimson Tide Sports Network (CTSN).

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Phil Savage


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User talk:Tacoman90

Please cease your vandalism--Tznkai 17:52, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC) Hi! Welcome to Wikipedia. Please take a close look at WP:NPOV so your edits will not have to be reverted constantly.--Tznkai 21:21, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Tacoman90


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Talk:4 wheel steering

I'm not sure there's anything here that can't be merged into the steering article. ?? Gzuckier 17:52, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:4 wheel steering


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New Hampshire Route 108

New Hampshire Route 108 is a 42.430 mi north–south state highway in Rockingham and Strafford counties in southeastern New Hampshire. The southern terminus of NH 108 is at the Massachusetts state line in Plaistow. The northern terminus is at an intersection with New Hampshire Route 125 and New Hampshire Route 202A in downtown Rochester.

At its southern end, NH 108 connects to Massachusetts Route 108, a very short state route which continues south for 0.91 mi to Massachusetts Route 110 in Haverhill.

NH 108 is notable in being one of two routes (the other being New Hampshire Route 9) to intersect both U.S. Route 4 and New Hampshire Route 4 (a rare case of two completely separate routes in one state having the same number).

Massachusetts Route 108
Route 108 begins at an intersection with Route 110 north of downtown Haverhill, Massachusetts, near Kenoza Lake. The highway proceeds due north, passing underneath I-495 less than 500 feet before crossing into Plaistow, New Hampshire, where it becomes NH 108.

Plaistow to Exeter
NH 108 runs along the eastern edge of Plaistow, near the Massachusetts border, before crossing through Newton into East Kingston, where it crosses NH 107A, then turns eastward to form a brief wrong-way concurrency with NH 107. Continuing north, NH 108 passes through Kensington, where it meets the north end of NH 150 and continues north into Exeter. In Exeter, NH 108 meets NH 27, NH 111 and NH 111A, forming a very brief overlap with the former two routes. NH 108 meets the western end of NH 88, then interchanges with the NH 101 freeway at exit 11.

Stratham to Dover
NH 108 crosses into Stratham where it meets NH 33, a connector to US 1 in Portsmouth which also interchanges with I-95, at a traffic circle. Continuing northward, NH 108 passes through Newfields and Newmarket, intersecting with NH 85 and NH 152 along the way. The road crosses into Durham and Strafford County, passing through the center of town just east of the University of New Hampshire main campus, and then interchanging with US 4. NH 108 continues through eastern Madbury and into the city of Dover.

Dover to Rochester
NH 108 interchanges with the Spaulding Turnpike (NH 16) at exit 7, becoming Central Avenue, the main road in downtown Dover. The road intersects NH 9 and NH 4 at Silver Street. NH 4 has its western terminus here. The three routes briefly run concurrently in the center of Dover, before NH 4 splits off towards South Berwick, Maine via Portland Avenue. NH 9 and NH 108 continue north until NH 9 splits off towards Berwick, Maine, near an intersection with the Spaulding Turnpike at Exit 9 (via Indian Brook Drive). NH 108 continues north into the city limits of Somersworth, where it meets NH 236, a short connector to NH 9 bound for Berwick. NH 108 serves as Somersworth's industrial strip, then continues north into Rochester. NH 108 terminates at the intersection of South Main Street and Columbus Avenue (NH 125), a terminus it shares with NH 202A. South Main Street continues into downtown as NH 202A westbound.

The Dover to Rochester section of NH 108 is scheduled for a $11.36 million improvement project, to begin in 2022, "to improve safety and mobility for drivers, pedestrians, bikers and transit users," according to NHDOT.

History
The designation for NH 108 was in use by 1927, essentially following its present-day route from the Massachusetts border to Dover.

Until the early 1990s, NH 108 ended in Dover at an intersection with NH 16 (locally, at the Central Avenue intersection with Stark Avenue / Dover Point Road). When NHDOT rerouted NH 16 onto the Spaulding Turnpike as a concurrency, the section of NH 16 from the noted intersection in Dover to NH 125 in Rochester became a northward extension of NH 108.

title: New Hampshire Route 108


text: User talk:86.128.83.210

title: User talk:86.128.83.210


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New Hampshire Route 109

New Hampshire Route 109 (abbreviated NH 109) is a 41.029 mi north–south highway in Carroll County, New Hampshire. It runs southeast from Sandwich to the Maine border.

The northern terminus of NH 109 is at New Hampshire Route 113 in the village of Center Sandwich in the Lakes Region. The eastern terminus is at the Maine state line in the town of Wakefield, where the road continues as Maine State Route 109, heading toward the town of Acton.

NH 109 between Wolfeboro and Moultonborough is locally known as the Governor Wentworth Highway, with signage reading "The Governor John Wentworth Highway", in reference to Sir John Wentworth, 1st Baronet (1737–1820), who served as provincial governor from 1767 to 1775.

Suffixed routes
New Hampshire Route 109A (abbreviated NH 109A) is an 8.743 mi north–south highway in Carroll County, New Hampshire. The road splits off from New Hampshire Route 109, runs southeast roughly parallel to NH 109, and rejoins NH 109 again. The northern section of NH 109A is locally named Middle Road. The southern section is locally named Pine Hill Road.

The northern terminus of NH 109A is at NH 109 in Tuftonboro. The southern terminus is in Wolfeboro at New Hampshire Route 28 and NH 109.

title: New Hampshire Route 109


text: User talk:130.203.202.156

title: User talk:130.203.202.156


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Harrington Meeting House

The Harrington Meeting House is a historic colonial meeting house at 278 Harrington Road in Bristol, Maine. Built in 1772 and moved to its present site in 1775, it is one of the town's original three meeting houses. It contains a small museum of old photographs, clothing, and books. The adjoining cemetery has gravestones of historical interest. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places as Harrington Meetinghouse in 1970.

History
When Bristol was settled the land area was larger than today and the distance required to travel to the meeting house was such that three meeting houses were built to serve the Presbyterian population, the others being at Broad Cove (destroyed) and the Walpole Meetinghouse. The framing for the Harrington meeting house was originally erected in the village of Bristol Mills in 1772 but was "pulled down" and re-erected at the head of John's Bay in 1773. Bristol voters accepted all three meeting houses in 1775.

In about 1850 the building was moved several hundred yards to its current location and the interior altered. The interior was made into a "back to" or "reverse plan" arrangement which means the entry doors are behind the pulpit. The windows and doors were changed and a cove, plaster ceiling installed. John Johnston's A History of Bristol and Bremen indicated that the original meeting house had been destroyed, but in 1960 Ilonka Fertig spearheaded a repair of the existing meeting house only to find evidence the building was the original meeting house from 1772. By 1970 they mostly restored the building to its original configuration, but the pews were left out of the gallery which now houses museum displays and the plaster ceiling was left out to allow a view of the unusual roof framing.

Description
The roof framing consists of king post trusses with a double top chord (or top chord and rafter). This type of king post truss is rare but other examples have been noted in such as in the 1714 Lynnfield, Massachusetts meeting house, 1800 Congregational Church in Windham, Vermont, and the 1799 Strafford, Vermont meeting house.

title: Harrington Meeting House


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The Snow Maiden

The Snow Maiden: A Spring Fairy Tale (Снегурочка–весенняя сказка) is an opera in four acts with a prologue by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, composed during 1880–1881. The Russian libretto, by the composer, is based on the like-named play by Alexander Ostrovsky (which had premiered in 1873 with incidental music by Tchaikovsky).

The first performance of Rimsky-Korsakov's opera took place at the Mariinsky Theatre, Saint Petersburg on 10 February 1882 conducted by Eduard Nápravník. By 1898 it was revised in the edition known today. It remained the composer's own favorite work.

Analysis

The story deals with the opposition of eternal forces of nature and involves the interactions of mythological characters (Frost, Spring, Wood-Sprite), real people (Kupava, Mizgir'), and those in-between, i.e., half-mythical, half-real (Snow Maiden, Lel’, Berendey). The composer strove to distinguish each group of characters musically, and several individual characters have their own associated leitmotifs. In addition to these distinctions, Rimsky-Korsakov characterized the townspeople particularly with folk melodies. For a deeper understanding of this work from the composer's point of view, the reader is directed to his autobiography, as well as to his own incomplete analysis of the opera from 1905.

Performance history
The Moscow premiere followed that of St. Petersburg three years later in 1885. It was presented by the Russian Private Opera (the Opera of Savva Mamontov in Moscow), conducted by Enrico Bevignani with scenic Design by Viktor Vasnetsov, Isaak Levitan, and Konstantin Korovin; Tsar Berendey – Grigoriy Erchov, Bermyata – Anton Bedlevitch, Spring Beauty – Vera Gnucheva, Grandfather Frost – Stepan Vlasov, The Snow Maiden – Nadejda Salina, Bobyl Bakula – G. Kassilov or Nikolay Miller, Lel – Tatyana Liubatovitch, Mizgir – Mikhail Malinin (Boris Mikhailovich Malinin and Marina Raskova’s father), Second Herald – M.Skuratovskiy.

The Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow presented the opera in 1893.

The U.S. premiere was held Jan 23, 1922 at the Metropolitan Opera, conducted by Artur Bodanzky, directed by Samuel Thewman, designed by Boris Anisfeld, and with Lucrezia Bori in the title role, sung in French.

In March 2014 University College Opera presented a new English translation of The Snowmaiden in the Bloomsbury Theatre.

Synopsis

 * Time: Pre-historic times
 * Place: The land of the Berendeyans

Prologue
On Red Hill, near the Berendeyans' trading quarter and Tsar Berendey's capital. The fifteen-year-old Snow Maiden wants to live with the people in the nearby village, and her parents, Spring Beauty and Grandfather Frost, agree to let her be adopted by Bobyl-Bakula and his wife.

Act 1
In the village of Berendeyevka, on the other side of the river.

Snow Maiden is enchanted by Lel's songs, but is saddened when he goes off with a group of other girls. Kupava enters and announces her own wedding to Mizgir. The ceremony takes place, but then Mizgir notices Snow Maiden, becomes smitten with her, and begs her to love him. Kupava brings this effrontery before the villagers, and they advise her to go to the Tsar for redress.

Act 2
In Tsar Berendey's palace

Kupava complains of Mizgir to Tsar Berendey, who decides to banish Mizgir to the forest. But these deliberations are disrupted by the appearance of the beautiful Snow Maiden. The Tsar asks her whom she loves, and she says, "no one." The Tsar declares that whoever successfully woos Snow Maiden will win both her and a royal reward. Although the maidens present Lel as the likely candidate, Mizgir swears that he will win Snow Maiden's heart. The Tsar agrees to the contest as the people sing his praises.

Act 3
In a forest reserve, that evening

The people amuse themselves with song and dance. The Tsar invites Lel to choose a maiden. Despite Snow Maiden's pleas, he kisses Kupava and goes off with her. Snow Maiden, left alone and disconsolate, wonders why Lel has rejected her. Suddenly Mizgir appears and tries once more to win her love. Frightened by his words, she runs off; but the Wood-Sprite tricks Mizgir to follow an apparition of Snow Maiden instead. Lel and Kupava enter, declaring their mutual love. Snow Maiden finds them and, seeing their happiness, at last truly wishes to have the capacity to love.

Act 4
In the valley of Yarilo, the sun god, dawn is breaking the next day

Snow Maiden calls on her mother, Spring-Beauty, who appears from a lake surrounded by flowers. Spring gives her daughter a garland and warns her to stay out of the light of the sun. Spring and her retinue sink into the lake. Before Snow Maiden can enter the protection of the forest, Mizgir appears. No longer able to resist, she professes her love for him. The Berendeyans, in ritual bride-and-groom pairs, arrive to celebrate Yarilo's Day. Mizgir introduces Snow Maiden as his bride. As she declares her love for Mizgir, a bright ray of sunlight appears, and Snow Maiden bids farewell: the power to love is the source of her demise. To the astonishment of the people, she melts. The inconsolable Mizgir drowns himself in the lake. The Tsar calms the horrified Berendeyans with the fact that this event has ended the fifteen-year-long winter that has befallen them. In response the people strike up a stirring hymn to Yarilo.

Principal arias and numbers
Prologue
 * Introduction
 * Chorus of the Birds
 * Snow Maiden's Aria
 * Chorus: Farewell to Maslenitsa

Act 1
 * Lel's First Song
 * Lel's Second Song

Act 2
 * Procession of Tsar Berendey

Act 3
 * Dance of the Skomorokhi (Danse of the Tumblers / Danse of the Clowns)
 * Lel's Third Song

Act 4
 * Hymn to Yarilo

Derived and related works

 * Suite from the opera The Snow Maiden includes:
 * 1) Introduction
 * 2) Dance of the Birds
 * 3) Procession of Tsar Berendey (Cortege)
 * 4) Dance of the Skomorokhi (Dance of the Tumblers)

 * Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's incidental music to Ostrovsky's play The Snow Maiden, written in 1873.

Recordings
Audio Recordings (Mainly studio recordings)

Source: www.operadis-opera-discography.org.uk

 * 1943 Sergei Lemeshev (Tsar Berendey), Nadezhda Obukhova (Spring Beauty), Maxim Mikhailov (Grandfather Frost), Irina Maslennikova (Snow Maiden), Maria Maksakova (Lel), Sofia Panova (Kupava), Alexei Ivanov (Mizgir); Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra & Chorus; Kiril Kondrashin, conductor (Live)
 * 1955 Stepan Andrashevich (Tsar Berendey), Biserka Cvejić (Spring Beauty), Miroslav Čangalović (Grandfather Frost), Sofija Janković (Snow Maiden), Milica Miladinović (Lel), Valerija Heybal (Kupava), Dušan Popović (Mizgir); Belgrade National Opera Orchestra & Chorus; Krešimir Baranović, conductor (Decca)
 * 1956 Ivan Kozlovsky (Tsar Berendey), Vera Borisenko (Spring Beauty), Alexei Krivchenya (Grandfather Frost), Vera Firsova (Snow Maiden), Larisa Avdeyeva (Lel), Galina Vishnevskaya (Kupava), Yuri Galkin (Mizgir); Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra & Chorus; Evgeny Svetlanov, conductor
 * 1975 Anton Grigoryev (Tsar Berendey), Irina Arkhipova (Spring Beauty), Alexander Vedernikov (Grandfather Frost), Valentina Sokolik (Snow Maiden), Irina Arkhipova (Lel), Lidiya Zakharenko (Kupava), Anatoly Moksyakov (Mizgir); Moscow Radio Symphony Orchestra & Chorus; Vladimir Fedoseyev, conductor
 * 1985 Avram Andreev (Tsar Berendey), Alexandrina Milcheva (Spring Beauty), Nicola Ghiuselev (Grandfather Frost), Elena Zemenkova (Snow Maiden), Stefka Mineva (Lel), Stefka Evstatieva (Kupava), Lyubomir Videnov (Mizgir); Bulgarian Radio Symphony Orchestra & Chorus; Stoyan Angelov, conductor (Capriccio)
 * 1987 Alexander Fedin (Tsar Berendey), Nina Terentieva (Spring Beauty), Georgy Seleznev (Grandfather Frost), Irina Zhurina (Snow Maiden), Tatiana Erastova (Lel), Lyudmila Sergienko (Kupava), Igor Morozov (Mizgir); Bolshoi Theatre Orchestra & Chorus; Alexander Lazarev, conductor
 * 2021 (BD and DVD release): 2017 Opéra national de Paris production, Aida Garifullina (Snowmaiden), Yuriy Mynenko (Lel), Martina Serafin (Kupava), Maxim Paster (Tsar Berendy), Thomas Johannes Mayer (Mizguir), Elena Manistina (Spring Beauty), Vladimir Ognovenko (Father Frost), Franz Hawlata (Bermyata), Vasily Gorshkov (Bobyl Bakula), Opéra national de Paris, Mikhail Tatarnikov, conductor, (Dmitri Tcherniakov stage direction).

Movie
In 2017, the Paris Opera made a film of a Russian language performance of the opera, based on a live production by Orchestre de l'Opera National de Paris. The Snowmaiden was Aida Garifuluna, and Lel was Yurit Mynenko. The conductor was Mikhail Serafin, with stage direction and set design by Dmitri Tchiarniakov.

title: The Snow Maiden


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Intonation Music Festival

The Intonation Music Festival was a yearly summer music festival held at Union Park in Chicago, Illinois.

2005
The festival was held on July 16–17, 2005. It was conceived of and launched by Skyline Chicago, who hired Pitchfork Media to curate, and supported by Microsoft (by way of the Xbox), Tower Records, WLUW and PETA2, among others.

The admission price was $15 per day, with a limited number of $22 two-day passes that were available online only. Gates opened at noon each day.

The festival had been announced as slated for Chicago's Pulaski Park, but the festival was moved twice, ending up in the much larger Union Park.

Saturday, July 16

 * Headliner: Tortoise
 * Death from Above 1979, The Go! Team, Broken Social Scene, Four Tet, Magnolia Electric Co., A.C. Newman, The M's, Head of Femur, Pelican and Prefuse 73.

DJ Tent

 * Will Oldham, Jean Grae, and Laurent Lebec (member of Pelican)

Sunday, July 17

 * Headliner: The Decemberists
 * Les Savy Fav, The Wrens, Deerhoof, Andrew Bird, Out Hud, Xiu Xiu, Dungen, The Hold Steady and Thunderbirds Are Now!.

DJ Tent

 * Diplo, El-P, and Reine Fiske (member of Dungen)

2006
The 2006 festival was held at Union Park and curated by VICE Records and supported by KEXP. Pitchfork and independent concert promoter Mike Reed withdrew their support from the festival following their split with promotion company Skyline Chicago, who organizes the festival. Pitchfork staged their own music festival in 2006, the Pitchfork Music Festival.

Tickets went on sale on Monday, March 13 and cost $35 for a two-day pass and $20 for a single-day pass, along with a limited quantity of $25 two-day passes available.

Saturday, June 24

 * Headliner: The Streets
 * Ghostface Killah, The Stills, Lady Sovereign, Boredoms, Roky Erickson, José González, Devin the Dude, High on Fire, Chromeo, Erase Errata, 90 Day Men, Favourite Sons

Sunday, June 25

 * Headliner: Bloc Party
 * Dead Prez, Robert Pollard, Jon Brion, Blue Cheer, Lupe Fiasco, Annie, Rhymefest, The Constantines, The Sword, Panthers, Bill Dolan, Tyrades, Neil Hamburger

2007
The Chicago Sun-Times reported on April 6 that the festival would not be continuing for what would have been its third year. "'We looked at what was happening this summer, and the festival crowds of Chicago are being well served at this point,' Intonation spokesman David Singer said, citing competition from the Pitchfork Music Festival in Union Park on July 13–15, Eric Clapton's Crossroads Guitar Festival at Toyota Park on July 28, Lollapalooza in Grant Park on Aug. 3-5 and the combination of the Hideout Block Party and Metro's 25th anniversary celebration at Elston and Wabansia on Sept. 7-9."

A free performance of local Chicago acts sponsored by Intonation Music Festival LLC was held October 7, 2007 at the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago.

title: Intonation Music Festival


text:
Scarlett (Ripley novel)

Scarlett is a 1991 novel by Alexandra Ripley, written as a sequel to Margaret Mitchell's 1936 novel, Gone with the Wind. The book debuted on The New York Times Best Seller list.

It was adapted as a television mini-series of the same title in 1994 starring Timothy Dalton as Rhett Butler and Joanne Whalley-Kilmer as Scarlett O'Hara.

Plot summary
The book begins where Gone with the Wind left off, with Scarlett attending the funeral of her former sister-in-law and rival for Ashley Wilkes' affection, Melanie Wilkes, at which her estranged husband, Rhett Butler, is not present. Scarlett, heartbroken and aggravated that Rhett left her, sets out for Tara and is saddened when she learns that Mammy, her mainstay since birth, is dying. She sends a telegram to notify Rhett about Mammy under the name of Will Benteen (her sister Suellen's husband), because she knows that Rhett will not come if he suspects Scarlett is there. Before Mammy dies, she makes Rhett swear to look after Scarlett. Rhett agrees, although he has no intention of honoring the request. After Mammy's death, Rhett and Scarlett fight, which culminates in Rhett leaving and Scarlett returning to the Atlanta house, determined to win Rhett back.

Scarlett travels to Charleston to visit Rhett's family and tries to corner him by winning his mother's affection. She convinces Rhett to take her for a sail on the harbor, where their boat capsizes during a terrible storm. Scarlett and Rhett swim to an island, where they make love in a cave. Rhett initially denies, then admits, that he loves Scarlett, but he does not want to "lose himself" over her again. Back in Charleston, Rhett leaves Scarlett near death at his mother's house, telling her, in a letter, that while he admires her bravery, he will never see her again.

After Scarlett regains her strength, she leaves Charleston with her two aunts, Pauline and Eulalie, to attend her maternal grandfather's birthday celebration in Savannah. She leaves a note to Rhett's mother with Rhett's sister, Rosemary, who burns the note.

Scarlett connects with the Savannah O'Haras against her maternal family's wishes. Scarlett's grandfather offers Scarlett his inheritance if she remains with him in Savannah until his death and avoids contact with her father's side of the family. Scarlett refuses and storms out of the house. She goes to stay with her cousin Jamie and his family. Soon another cousin named Colum, a priest from Ireland, joins them. Scarlett agrees to travel to Ireland with him. By this time Scarlett has realized that she is pregnant with Rhett's child but she keeps her pregnancy hidden.

In Ireland, Scarlett is heartily welcomed by her Irish kin. Exploring with Colum, they pass an old house called 'Ballyhara'; it was O'Hara land long ago before the English seized it. Scarlett soon receives a notification of divorce from Rhett. She makes plans to leave for America but learns that Rhett is now married to Anne Hampton, who is said to resemble Melanie Wilkes. Heartbroken, Scarlett decides to remain in Ireland. She works with lawyers and leaves her two-third share of her father's plantation, Tara, to her son Wade Hampton (fathered by her first husband, Charles Hamilton, brother of Melanie Wilkes), buys Ballyhara and settles down in Ireland, to her Irish family's delight. She and Colum tell everyone that her husband died rather than tell the truth that she was divorced.

As Ballyhara is restored, Scarlett eagerly awaits the birth of her child, praying for it to be a girl and vowing to be a good mother. She is well respected by the townspeople and her family, earning her a reputation as a hard worker. She becomes known as The O'Hara, a title reserved for the undisputed leader of a family clan.

On Halloween night, her water breaks. Her housekeeper, Mrs. Fitzpatrick, and the midwife whom Colum summons are unable to handle the situation, and it appears that Scarlett will die. Instead, she is saved by a wise old woman who lives near the haunted tower. The caesarean birth is successful, but internal damage is done to Scarlett, who can no longer have children. The baby, a girl, is born with dark skin like Rhett's, but with blue eyes that slowly turn green. Scarlett names her Katie Colum O'Hara, and calls her "Cat" because of her green eyes.

Ashley Wilkes—her past lover, whom she wished to marry during her youth—proposes to Scarlett. She is grateful but kindly declines, telling him that she is not interested in marrying him. Instead, Scarlett and Ashley decide to remain friends.

After Scarlett has settled down in Ballyhara, she runs into Rhett a number of times—in America while she is on the boat to Boston, at a fair where she admits she still loves him, and at a foxhunt a week later. He still does not know he has a child. He then seeks her out at a society ball and Scarlett realizes he still loves her.

Lord Fenton, one of the wealthiest men in Europe, pursues Scarlett, wanting to marry her. He wants Scarlett to bear his children after seeing Cat's fiery spirit and fearlessness. He also plans to unite their estates; he owns Adamstown, the land adjacent to Scarlett's. Angered by his arrogance, Scarlett refuses and orders him out of her house. Scarlett leaves for Dublin for her yearly visit for parties and hunts. She later decides to accept Lord Fenton when she hears that Anne is pregnant with Rhett's child.

The news leaks out about her engagement and a drunken Rhett insults her when she runs into him at a horse race. A friend tells Scarlett that Anne and the baby both died, and she rushes back to Ballyhara hopeful that Rhett will come looking for her. She finds English there with a warrant to arrest Colum, who is the head of a group of Irish terrorists. Colum is murdered and Rosaleen Fitzpatrick sets fire to the English arsenal to avenge him. The villagers, thinking Scarlett is in league with the English, burn her house down. Rhett comes to her rescue and tries to convince her to escape with him, but Scarlett runs around her house yelling for her daughter. When she tells Rhett that he is Cat's father, he helps her search. After finding Cat, the three climb into a high tower on Ballyhara and stay there for the night. Rhett and Scarlett both say "I love you". They wake up the next morning ready to leave Ireland and start their new lives together.

Reception
Scarlett was panned by critics. Reviewing the novel for The New York Times in 1991, Janet Maslin said the book was a "stunningly uneventful 823-page holding action." Donald McCaig, author of Rhett Butler's People, said it was his impression that the Margaret Mitchell estate was "thoroughly embarrassed" by Scarlett. Despite this, the novel was a commercial success; Scarlett sold millions of copies and remains in print.

When discussing the possibility of his own works receiving authorized sequels after his death, A Song of Ice and Fire author George R. R. Martin called such books "abominations, to my mind, like [...] Scarlett, the [...] Gone With the Wind sequel".

TV adaptation
It was adapted as a television mini-series of the same title in 1994 starring Timothy Dalton as Rhett Butler and Joanne Whalley-Kilmer as Scarlett O'Hara. The plot of the mini-series varies considerably from the book.

title: Scarlett (Ripley novel)


text:
Englezovac

Englezovac (Енглезовац) is an urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located in the Belgrade's municipality of Vračar.

Location
Englezovac is located in the western part of the municipality, on the western slopes of the Vračar hill and stretches from the Slavija square to the Vračar plateau and the Temple of Saint Sava. The main streets in the neighborhood are Svetog Save, Makenzijeva and the Boulevard of the Liberation. Originally, term stretched west of the boulevard, but today not many people consider that part of Belgrade as part of Vračar.

History
Construction of Englezovac started in 1880 after a Scottish businessman and Nazarene Francis Mackenzie bought a large piece of land in 1879 from Đorđe Simić, Serbian politician and prime minister, for 7,500 ducats. Land was bounded by the modern streets of Beogradska, Njegoševa, Molerova, Makenzijeva (named after Mackenzie), Katanićeva, Bore Stankovića, Skerlićeva and Bulevar oslobođenja. Previously known as the Simićev Majur (”Simić's farm”), the area eventually became known as Englezovac, Serbian for Englishman's place), as the term Englishman is, even today, universally used in colloquial speech for any inhabitant of the Great Britain.

As the Simićev Majur was a marshy area, Mackenzie originally planned to drain the land and organize agricultural production. He changed his plans later, hiring architects who parceled it out into lots for selling and cut the streets through. Mackenzie then sold the lots. Soon numerous houses were built, mostly one or two-floors high. Larger edifices included the Hall of Peace (Sala mira), in which the cult cinema "Slavija" was situated later. After the urbanization, Englezovac included the area between the streets of Njegoševa and Svetog Save.

He also donated a piece of land to the Serbian Orthodox Church for the construction of the Temple of Saint Sava. "The Society for the Embellishment of Vračar" suggested to Belgrade City Council to rename Englezovac to Savinac (Serbian for Sava's place) on 31 March 1894. They stated that it is "a shame for the Serbian capital that a whole district is called Englishman's" and inconceivable that a national shrine (Temple of Saint Sava) lie on foreign property.

In the late 1980s, many books and articles on "Old Belgrade" became popular again and so the term Englezovac, at this time already unknown to majority of people, resurfaced. However, just like Savinac, it didn't get the popular usage, and most of Belgraders still refer to this part of the city as Vračar.

title: Englezovac


text: User talk:136.167.107.198

title: User talk:136.167.107.198


text:
Talk:Gay–straight alliance

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 22:05, 16 January 2022 (UTC)

GSA and terrorism?!
Excised Section The GSA is also currrently under investgation for funding several terroist groups. The Department of Homeland Security is watching them for possible terroist activities. It is well known that they use young impressionable kids as new recurits. They have also shown several ties to NAMBLA.

This is a strong statement, and requires equally strong proof--Tznkai 17:59, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Actually, its an inane. There is no such thing as "The GSA" and very few if any GSAs have the funding to support terrorists (maybe if they had a GSA on The O.C.). Do the terrorist recruit young kids or do the kids in the GSAs themselves recruit kids, and is that to terrorism or being gay? Accusing kids of having "connections" to NAMBLA is more than a "strong statement" its stupid. Hyacinth 04:50, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I was at a gsa networking conference and I swear to god (well, not really, I'm an atheist) that on the local news that night one of the protesters said we were in there working on secret weapons and brainwashing rays to turn everyone gay and kill people. WTF?!

 * I was in the GSA in Holliston Ma. When I was there the group had a hard time getting the school to let them do things like diversity acceptance week and in getting space to keep the supplies (records, flag(s), magazines, etc.). As for the unconfirmed investigation there is a Puppeteers Guild http://www.sfbapg.org/archives/000450.html that I can prove is being investigated. Lets not forget the investigation of indymedia.org http://www.indymedia.org/en/2005/08/118575.shtml

Mostly Straight?
From the article
 * "In actuality most GSAs find that straight allies compose the majority of their membership."

Is this based on any actual evidence or is it anecdotal? --CVaneg 20:39, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * I believe it is anecdotal but that numerous references could be found. Hyacinth 23:43, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * In the GSA I started and ran, as well as in the other GSAs I know of in my old school system and others I have worked with, straight students have always outnumbered gay students. Matthillnc 18:10 20 Jul 2005 (EST)
 * Ditto, I've been in 2, and they were pretty mixed, and everyone didn't really say what they were, but most either claimed or were assumed to be straight.
 * Gotta say my experience in 2 university GSAs was different. Both were mostly gay men. Dave 23:35, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

Really varies from group to group. Ashibaka (tock) 00:38, 15 November 2005 (UTC)
 * So then it shouldn't be included as it is. I'll change it to reflect this diversity. Dave 04:10, 15 November 2005 (UTC)

WS/FCS Portrayed Unfairly
The way the article words it, Winston-Salem/Forsyth County Schools somehow maliciously doesn't support the GSA. In fact, it just treats the GSA as any other student-initiatied or special interest club. For it to be treated differently, the school administration would have to start it, I believe. I just think that could be worded a little bit better.

 * I was the one who wrote the small section on WS/FCS. I was completely honest in the way the GSAs are treated and noted that it was treated as a non-school sponsored club versus a school sponsored club. The school system wouldn't have to start it in order for it to be school sponsored; a student could sponsor it, but the school system has refused to recognize the GSAs. Matt 01:00, 2 September 2007 (UTC)

Robert Parlin
"The first public school gay-straight alliance was started at Newton South High School (Newton Centre, Massachusetts) by teacher Robert Parlin."

can this be verified? I've also read that the first GSA was in Concord, MA and was started by Kevin Jennings

GSA at Putney High UK was not forced to close

 * The Gay-Straight Alliance at Putney High School was not forced to close down at the school itself, but it was forced to remove its website and any links to other queer youth groups, and to restrict its access to students over the age of sixteen - cn lester

I picked this piece up on the page today and put it into the article. AirBa 12:54, 6 May 2006 (UTC)

En dash
I am quite sure an en dash should be used in this title and not a hyphen-minus, WP:DASH. No one will think I am being too disruptive if I move the page, right? -- Basar (talk · contribs) 23:54, 1 September 2007 (UTC)

Anti-Gay alliance
Does one exist(legally)?76.110.250.129 (talk) 01:09, 30 November 2008 (UTC)

Canadian GSAs
More information should be added now that a wealth of information is available with the launch today (May 17, 2010) of Egale Canada's online directory of Canadian GSAs: MyGSA.ca. --204.237.44.231 (talk) 02:37, 18 May 2010 (UTC)

United Kingdom
There are absolutely no sources for this section. Here's one http://www.guardian.co.uk/education/2012/mar/02/gay-straight-alliance-homophobia-school if anyone is interested. If not, delete the section because it is useless without sources. --DavisJune (talk) 02:45, 5 March 2012 (UTC)

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Please delete China Mainland column. It has no proof to be true and was mistakenly edited by unconfirmed users.
 * Yes check.svg Done — nihlus kryik   ( talk ) 14:33, 24 August 2017 (UTC)

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Requested move 21 May 2018

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: Move request withdrawn. Justthefacts9 (talk) 18:56, 22 May 2018 (UTC)

Gay–straight alliance → Gay–Straight Alliance – The name, as properly and always used, has all of its words capitalized. Justthefacts9 (talk) 08:15, 21 May 2018 (UTC)
 * This is a contested technical request (permalink). Sam Sailor 10:37, 21 May 2018 (UTC)

Survey

 * Feel free to state your position on the renaming proposal by beginning a new line in this section with  or  , then sign your comment with ~~~~. Since polling is not a substitute for discussion, please explain your reasons, taking into account Wikipedia's policy on article titles.

 * Support as move requester. --Justthefacts9 (talk) 10:43, 21 May 2018 (UTC)
 * Oppose. Not a proper name. Sam Sailor 10:39, 21 May 2018 (UTC)
 * In what manner is it not a proper name? --Justthefacts9 (talk) 10:43, 21 May 2018 (UTC)
 * WP:NCCAPS. Sam Sailor 11:02, 21 May 2018 (UTC)
 * In that case, consider the move request withdrawn. --Justthefacts9 (talk) 11:10, 21 May 2018 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

 * It's a shame that this move request was withdrawn. Just like you said, it should be renamed "Gay–Straight Alliance" per WP:COMMONNAME. The WP:NCCAPS guideline was not applicable here.

Note that in this ngrams plot comparing Gay–Straight Alliance with Gay–straight alliance, the sentence case version is zero or imperceptible; in any case, there isn't sufficient data for ngrams to even plot it. When talking about it generically, such as, "Specific benefits of attending a high school with a gay-straight alliance..." then sentence case is appropriate; they are talking about an "alliance" between groups, that may or may not have such a club. When talking about the organization, or one of the clubs affiliated with it, then Title case is appropriate, as in this sentence: "Critical pedagogy, combined with partnerships with adults at school, enabled the Gay–Straight Alliance (GSA) advisor to create the foundation for reflective, activist-oriented learning at one Midwestern high school." This is about an affiliated club. The article appears to be about the organization, therefore, title case is correct here.

Please consider reintroducing your Requested move. Thanks, Mathglot (talk) 10:16, 10 January 2019 (UTC)

History
I've updated the history section, which lacked the story of the GSA founding in 1988 in Concord, Massachusetts. Now that that detail is there (more to come), the lead will have to be changed accordingly, to summarize the new information. Mathglot (talk) 11:13, 10 January 2019 (UTC)

 * Oh, crap; I see there's a second history section way further down, that covers some of this same information. Why the actual founding of the GSA wasn't the first section of the body, I'll never know.  In any case, the two will have to be merged, but preferably near the top as the first "History" section.  I'll look at it tomorrow. Mathglot (talk) 11:19, 10 January 2019 (UTC)

Recent edits
, given that you have not previously edited this article, your behavior is a violation of WP:HOUND. Do not follow other editors around by going through their contributions and persistently undoing and inhibiting their work. You have previously violated this policy with such behavior on other articles. --Justthefacts9 (talk) 22:58, 11 January 2019 (UTC)
 * Your comment would be amusing, if it weren't so misguided. Wikipedia is the encyclopedia that anyone can edit, and you don't get to tell other editors whether they may edit here or not, irrespective of their previous edit history here, or anywhere else. Suggesting that I follow you around is risible; read WP:WATCH.
 * To be absolutely clear: you don't make the rules around here: any editor may edit this article at any time in order to improve it. And so can you, of course.  Everyone who edits the article, you, me, and everybody else who does, needs to simply follow Wikipedia policies and guidelines when they do so, and especially, to stick to verifiability and use of reliable sources.  Anything not sourced appropriately may be challenged and removed. The procedure for resolving disputes in a case like that, is to start by coming to the talk page to discuss the issue, and follow WP:BRD. No editor owns this, or any article, sorry.   Cordially, Mathglot (talk) 23:48, 11 January 2019 (UTC)
 * I see now that you have reverted my edits to the Infobox that added sourced content about the founding and origins of the GSA. I will be undoing your revert when I get around to it to restore that sourced content. Your reversion reason of "Vandalism" is incorrect, uncivil, and a misleading representation of what your revert actually did. Cordially, Mathglot (talk) 00:38, 12 January 2019 (UTC)
 * You are in clear violation of WP:HOUND. If you persist in your behavior, you will be reported to WP:ANI. --Justthefacts9 (talk) 10:34, 13 January 2019 (UTC)
 * I'll just keep on improving the article according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines as I have been, subject to consensus of course, and without paying any attention to your threats, which have no basis in policy. You don't own this article. But you go ahead and do whatever you think is right, including raising a request ANI, if that feels justified to you. On the way there, please have a look at WP:BOOMERANG.  Cordially, Mathglot (talk) 11:12, 13 January 2019 (UTC)

For the record, Justthefacts9 posted an ANI incident request at ANI at 13:26, 13 January 2019. Here's the archival link. Mathglot (talk) 01:06, 20 April 2019 (UTC)

Lead rewrite
Per the maintenance tag, the lead of the article may need a rewrite in order to better fulfill the goal of a lead, which is to summarize the article in proportion to the coverage of detail in the body of the article. For example: currently, there's a great deal of overemphasis on U.S. legal decisions in the lead, including much unique information not covered in the body at all, and way too much arcane detail about it for a lead summary, even if the body did cover it. Most of the legal material should be moved into the body, probably in a new section under "Impact", or perhaps in a new section. Conversely, the lead needs to be beefed up with information that is lacking, notably the very founding of the organization itself, which isn't mentioned at all. These are not the only issues, but two of the major ones; there are others. Mathglot (talk) 00:22, 12 January 2019 (UTC)
 * I've started on this, by moving out the U.S. case law stuff to a new section, Case law in the body, and leaving a brief summary in the lead. Lead still needs a lot more work. Mathglot (talk) 22:24, 19 April 2019 (UTC)

Unfocused
The article suffers from a lack of focus. To put it another way: what is this article really about? The title has a big role in the development and scope of an article; per WP:AT, the title indicates what the article is about and distinguishes it from other articles. Currently, the article covers at least two separate organizations with similar goals: the original, 1988 club in Massachusetts, "Gay Straight Alliance" founded by students, and the 1998 California non-profit LGBT support organization, "GSA Network". The current article title, "Gay–straight alliance" uses sentence case perhaps suggest a different topic, a sort of genericized GSA club concept, not connected with either org, or somehow subsuming them both: "Gay–straight alliance". All three are attested in reliable sources. If the current title is kept, perhaps the other two should be split out into child articles, while retaining a summary of each of them here, following Summary style. Each clearly passes the threshold for notability, and could easily stand alone as an encyclopedic article, but it's not a requirement to do so. My opinion is that at least the original "Gay Straight Alliance" club from Concord in 1988 deserves its own article, as it is of historic importance in the course of development of LGBT rights in the United States, and by extension, in the world. Either this should be that article, in which case a move would be required, or else a new article should be created for it. Thoughts? Mathglot (talk) 22:21, 12 January 2019 (UTC)
 * As I'm fleshing out the #History section, the focus problem is becoming more apparent. For example, how does one name the subsections? MOS:SECTIONS advises Not redundantly refer back to the subject of the article (Early life, not Smith's early life or His early life). In a single-focus article, under "History" we could have, "Concord" (the 1st GSA), "Phillips Academy" (2nd), but then, 3rd (currently, at least) is "GSA Network" and we can't just call it "Network" in parallel style, because it makes them seem all subsets of the same thing, but the first two are student clubs in Massachusetts schools in the late 1980s, whereas the latter is a 1998 California social justice and LGBT activist non-profit aimed at promting LGBT rights in schools through the formation of student clubs. So, distributing out the common part of the subject or of higher level section titles doesn't work.  Maybe have one section for clubs themselves, and another for outside orgs that support or promote them?  Mathglot (talk) 12:43, 13 January 2019 (UTC)

Fragmented history sections
There are currently history sections in three places: These need to be merged in a rational manner. Mathglot (talk) 22:59, 19 April 2019 (UTC)
 * section History, mostly about the founding of the first GSAs in Massachusetts private schools
 * section History in the United States, which covers mostly the same ground, in a different way
 * section History outside the United States, which covers rest of world.

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 29 January 2020 and 29 April 2020. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Emihoff.

Quebec section missing or removed
Just wanted to come in and mention that the Quebec header in the Canada portion of the international GSA section is completely empty. I'm not sure if it was left there as a placeholder for later or if someone has removed all of its content. User:KiraLiz1 | she/her 13:32, 29 March 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Gay–straight alliance


text:
Spellbinder (comics)

Spellbinder, in comics, may refer to:

 * Spellbinder (DC Comics), two characters, both of which are foes of Batman
 * Spellbinders, a Marvel Comics limited series, published in 2005

title: Spellbinder (comics)


text:
Holidays in the Danger Zone

Holidays in the Danger Zone is a series of documentaries, produced by the BBC This World and originally broadcast on BBC Four in the UK. They have also been shown on BBC Two and exported to other countries, including Canada and Australia.

The series of travelogues see the presenters Ben Anderson and Simon Reeve visit countries which are far off the beaten track.
 * Holidays in the Axis of Evil was first to be broadcast. It was presented by Ben Anderson and included visits to North Korea, Iraq, Iran, Syria, Libya and Cuba; the countries named by George W. Bush, the US president, as members of an "Axis of Evil".
 * America Was Here takes Anderson to countries where the US either intervened in conflicts or fought wars in recent history. They include Cambodia, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama and Vietnam.
 * The Violent Coast includes visits to one of the most dangerous parts of the world, on the western tip of Africa, as Anderson travels through Côte d'Ivoire, Benin, Nigeria, Liberia and Sierra Leone.
 * Rivers takes a slightly different approach. Instead of featuring specific countries, Anderson travels along five of the world's most dangerous rivers (the Amazon River, Ganges, Congo River, Euphrates and Jordan River) which pass through many disputed territories.
 * Meet the Stans was presented by Simon Reeve for the first time, and saw him travel through Central Asia. Along the way, he visited Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.
 * Places That Don't Exist, presented by Reeve, visited countries which aren't officially recognised breakaway states from other nations. The trip took him to Taiwan, Nagorno-Karabakh, South Ossetia, Somaliland and Transnistria.

The programmes are occasionally repeated on BBC Four and have also been shown on BBC World. Outside the UK, the series currently screens on the BBC Knowledge and BBC Earth channels.

title: Holidays in the Danger Zone


text:
New Hampshire Route 110

New Hampshire Route 110 (abbreviated NH 110) is a 24.856 mi east–west state highway in Coos County, northern New Hampshire, United States. The road winds through the scenic, mountainous country of New Hampshire north of the White Mountain National Forest. NH 110 is locally named the Berlin-Groveton Highway.

The eastern terminus of NH 110 is in Berlin at New Hampshire Route 16 (White Mountain Road). The western terminus of NH 110 is at U.S. Route 3 in the village of Groveton, town of Northumberland, on the Connecticut River.

New Hampshire Route 110A
New Hampshire Route 110A (abbreviated NH 110A) is a 3.897 mi connector road in the town of Milan, north of Berlin, United States. NH 110A is locally named Cedar Pond Road.

The eastern terminus of NH 110A is at New Hampshire Route 16 (White Mountain Road) 12 miles (19.3 km) north of Berlin. The western terminus is at New Hampshire Route 110 11.2 miles (18 km) northwest of Berlin.

New Hampshire Route 110B
New Hampshire Route 110B (abbreviated NH 110B) is a 4.626 mi connector road in the town of Milan, New Hampshire, north of Berlin. NH 110B is locally named Milan Hill Road.

The eastern terminus of NH 110B is at New Hampshire Route 16 near the Berlin Regional Airport. The western terminus is at New Hampshire Route 110A near Cedar Pond.

title: New Hampshire Route 110


text:
When a Stranger Calls (1979 film)

When a Stranger Calls is a 1979 American psychological horror film written and directed by Fred Walton, co-written by Steve Feke, and starring Charles Durning, Carol Kane, Colleen Dewhurst and Tony Beckley (in his final film role). Its plot follows Jill Johnson, a young woman being terrorized by a psychopathic killer while babysitting, the killer's stalking of another woman, his returning to torment Jill years later, and a detective's trying to find him. Rachel Roberts, Ron O'Neal, Carmen Argenziano, and Rutanya Alda appear in supporting roles. The film derives its story from the folk legend of "the babysitter and the man upstairs".

The film was released in the United States on September 28, 1979 by Columbia Pictures. It was commercially successful, grossing $21.4 to $25 million at the box office against a $1.5 million budget, but it received a mixed-to-negative critical reception, with many praising the opening scene and performances, and others criticizing its writing and lack of scares. It was followed by the 1993 made-for-cable sequel When a Stranger Calls Back and a remake in 2006.

The film has developed a large cult following over time because of the first 23 minutes, consistently regarded as one of the scariest openings in film history. The first 13 minutes of Wes Craven's Scream (1996) pay homage to the opening of When a Stranger Calls.

Plot
Jill Johnson is babysitting the children of Dr. Mandrakis at his home. The children are asleep, and Jill receives a telephone call from a man who asks her if she has checked the children. Jill initially dismisses the call as a practical joke. However, he calls again and again, the calls increase in frequency and threats, and Jill becomes frightened. She calls the police, who tell her to keep the perpetrator on the line long enough for them to trace the call. Jill receives one final call from her harasser. Immediately after the conversation, the police phone to inform her that the calls are coming from a line located somewhere inside the house. Jill sees the intruder's shadow as she tries to exit the house and narrowly escapes. When the police arrive, it is revealed that the killer, an English merchant seaman named Curt Duncan, killed the children shortly after Jill arrived. He leaves Jill unharmed, and after his trial, he is sent to a psychiatric facility.

Seven years later, Duncan escapes from the psychiatric facility. Dr. Mandrakis hires John Clifford, who investigated the earlier murders but who is now a private detective, to find Duncan. Not knowing Clifford is after him, the homeless Duncan is beaten after harassing a woman named Tracy in a downtown bar. Duncan follows Tracy to her apartment, and she takes pity on him. She tries to be nice to him while getting him to leave, hoping it will be the last she sees of him.

Meanwhile, an increasingly obsessed Clifford confides to his friend Lieutenant Garber his intention to kill Duncan rather than have him recommitted. Garber, who was present at the Mandrakis crime scene, agrees to collaborate. Clifford tracks Duncan to Tracy's residence. He tells Tracy that Duncan literally tore the Mandrakis children apart with his bare hands, and Tracy reluctantly agrees to act as bait at the bar that evening in an effort to have Duncan caught. Duncan never appears. After Clifford leaves, however, Duncan comes out of hiding from inside Tracy’s closet. Tracy screams for help, and Clifford returns, chasing Duncan from the scene but losing his trail in the streets of downtown Los Angeles.

Jill is now married with two young children. One night, she and her husband Stephen go to dinner to celebrate his promotion while their children are babysat by Sharon. While at the restaurant, Jill gets a telephone call and hears Duncan's voice asking again: "Have you checked the children?" The police escort Jill back home to discover that everything there is fine.

Upon hearing about the incident, Garber alerts Clifford. Clifford tries to call Jill, but finds that the line is dead in an eerie parallel to Jill's original stalking. Later that night, Jill hears Duncan's voice as the closet door appears to open. She tries to awaken her husband only to realize that the man lying next to her is the intruder. He chases Jill across the room and attempts to kill her, but Clifford arrives in time to shoot Duncan in the chest, killing him. Stephen is found in the closet, unconscious but alive. Their children are safe.

Development
When a Stranger Calls is an expanded remake of Fred Walton and Steve Feke's short film The Sitter (1977), which roughly comprised the first 23 minutes of this film. Walton and Feke alleged that they based The Sitter on a newspaper article detailing the harassment of a young woman who, while babysitting in Santa Monica, California, received phone calls from her attacker inside the residence.

The Sitter was released theatrically as a pre-screening short feature on a bill with Looking for Mr. Goodbar (1977). Executive producers Barry Krost and Douglas Chapin were so impressed by The Sitter that they acquired the rights and commissioned Walton and Feke to develop the short into a full-length feature.

Filming
The film marked cinematographer Donald Peterman's feature film debut as director of photography. Principal photography began October 9, 1978, and took place over 27 1/2 days at locations in and around Los Angeles, largely including the Brentwood neighborhood. The house which served as the location for the first act of the movie was at 321 S. Chadbourne Ave., in Brentwood. The Lockhart home in the final act was at 2722 Club Drive in Los Angeles. Both houses have been torn down. In November 1978, filming occurred in downtown Los Angeles during the Skid Row stabbing murders, and, by coincidence, used some of the sites where murder victims had been discovered, including the steps of the Los Angeles Public Library.

The downtown bar where Duncan and Tracy meet was Torchy's at 218$1/2$ W. Fifth Street in Los Angeles. This location is the same bar that served as filming locations for the redneck bar in 48 Hrs. and for the 1985 version of Brewster's Millions. Filming was completed by mid-November 1978.

Release
Columbia Pictures released When a Stranger Calls theatrically in the United States on September 28, 1979. Following successful box office receipts, Columbia re-released it to theaters in the fall of 1980, with screenings beginning in early October in the San Francisco Bay Area and Detroit, and on Halloween night in Miami and the Raleigh metropolitan area.

Carol Kane stated in an interview that while watching the film in the theater the audience began screaming and talking back to the screen during the opening 23 minutes of the film. Tony Beckley, who played Curt Duncan, died in April 1980, six months after the film's premiere. The 1993 sequel When a Stranger Calls Back was dedicated to his memory.

Rating
The American Classification and Rating Administration (CARA) voted unanimously for a PG-rating (five years before the PG-13 rating was available for use). However, CARA chair Richard Heffner then viewed the film and called the board for discussion to consider voting for an R rating. Although the theme of a film could be accommodated within a PG-rating, Heffner argued that this film's treatment of its theme was too unsettling for most parents to want it to be freely available to unaccompanied children. A majority vote was then received to assign the film its R rating.

Box office
The film had a gross of $482,969 from pre-release engagements. It expanded to 468 theaters and grossed $2,597,032 in its opening four days. It placed second on Variety's weekly box office chart for the week ended October 3, 1979 and moved up to number one in its third week of release. It grossed $20,149,106 during its initial theatrical run in the United States and Canada. In its 1980 theatrical re-release, the film grossed an additional $1,262,052. The film was a financial success, given its $1.5 million budget. Some contemporary newspapers note the film grossed approximately $25 million.

Critical reception
On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 38% based on 16 reviews, with an average rating of 5.21/10. On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating to reviews, the film has a weighted average score of 58 out of 100, based on seven critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".

Roger Ebert described the film as "sleazy" in a 1980 episode of Sneak Previews. In her review for The New York Times, Janet Maslin wrote "When a Stranger Calls is an energetic first film", adding that "the frightened-babysitter opening of the movie is marvelously modern, as Mr. Walton demonstrates that a haunted house with an ice-making refrigerator is intrinsically scarier than a house without one. He also makes the most of that fearsome modern weapon, the telephone." Author Travis Holt elaborates on the importance of the telephone to the film's portrayal of horror, noting that in the beginning "The phone is presented as a means of safety and comfort; it is a savior rather than a burden." Once the harassing phone calls begin, however, the view of the telephone becomes more sinister:

"With the constant central framing of the telephone and its intrusion into the tranquility of the house, the phone has become Jill's nemesis. Jill remains trapped in a situation where she can do nothing but pray that the perpetrator stops calling. The device that usually holds so much promise for positive communication has become virtually her worst nightmare."

Critic Elston Brooks of the Fort Worth Star-Telegram felt the film was superior to its contemporary Halloween (1978), adding that director Walton "keeps his tension-level at a nearly unbearable mark in the film's first half... He keeps it at a high dramatic level, thank to Durning and Beckley, in the second half, which is almost a second movie as far as plot goes."

Accolades
In January 1980, the film screened at the Avoriaz International Fantastic Film Festival in France, where it won the Prix de la Critique and the Prix Special du Jury awards, marking the first time a single film had won in both categories.

Home media
The film was released on VHS by Columbia Pictures Home Entertainment in 1981, and reissued in 1986.

A DVD release was distributed by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment on October 9, 2001, with the only supplements being bonus trailers. A Blu-ray version of the film was released by Mill Creek Entertainment in a double feature with Happy Birthday to Me (1981) on March 26, 2013. Neither film contains any special features on the disc.

The film was eventually released as a stand-alone on Blu-ray on February 11, 2020 by Mill Creek Entertainment with packaging designed to look like a VHS.

In the United Kingdom, Second Sight announced a special edition Blu-ray, which was released on December 17, 2018. The Blu-ray includes a brand new scan and restoration, plus the sequel When a Stranger Calls Back, a new scan and restoration of the original short film The Sitter, a reversible sleeve with new artwork by Obviously Creative and original poster artwork, as well as interviews with director Fred Walton, Carol Kane, Rutanya Alda, composer Dana Kaproff, the "limited edition" original soundtrack CD, along with a 40-page perfect-bound booklet with a new essay by Kevin Lyons. A standard edition without the soundtrack and booklet was released by Second Sight on July 1, 2019.

title: When a Stranger Calls (1979 film)


text:
Charles Ingalls

Charles Phillip Ingalls (January 10, 1836 – June 8, 1902) was an American pioneer, farmer, government official, musician, and carpenter who was the father of Laura Ingalls Wilder, known for her Little House series of books. He is depicted as the character "Pa" in the books and the television series.

Early life and family
Charles Ingalls was born in Cuba, New York, the third of nine children of Lansford Whiting and Laura Louise (née Colby) Ingalls. Ingalls' parents appear as "Grandpa" and "Grandma" in the Laura Ingalls Wilder book Little House in the Big Woods.

Ingalls' father was born in Dunham, Missisquoi County, Lower Canada (now Dunham, Quebec, Canada), a descendant of Henry Ingalls (1627–1714, possibly as late as 1718) who was born in Skirbeck, Lincolnshire, England, and settled in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. His mother was born in Vermont and was a descendant of Edmund Rice, an early immigrant to Massachusetts Bay Colony. Ingalls' paternal grandmother was Margaret Delano, a descendant of Mayflower passenger Richard Warren as well as from the Delano family of New York and ancestors of U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt. In the 1840s, when Ingalls was a young boy, his family moved from New York to the tallgrass prairie of Campton Township, just west of Elgin, Illinois.

Ingalls grew into an accomplished hunter-trapper, carpenter, and farmer. He had a love of music and reading, and played the violin.

On February 1, 1860, Ingalls married a neighbor, the quiet and proper Caroline Lake Quiner. Together, they had five children: Mary Amelia (1865–1928), Laura Elizabeth (1867–1957), Caroline Celestia (Carrie) (1870–1946), Charles Frederick (Freddie) (1875–1876) and Grace Pearl (1877–1941)

He and his older brother did not serve in the Civil War.

Wisconsin to points west
For his entire life, Ingalls had a strong case of "wanderlust". He is quoted by his daughter, Laura Ingalls Wilder, in her Little House series of books as saying: "My wandering foot gets to itching". From their original home in the woods of Wisconsin, Ingalls moved his family to southeastern Kansas, then back to Wisconsin; and from there to southern Minnesota.They then went to Burr Oak, Iowa and then back to Minnesota; Presented with an opportunity to work for a railroad in Dakota Territory, he longed to move yet again, as the family was struggling financially in Minnesota. Ingalls moved to Dakota Territory in 1879, took a job with the Chicago and North Western Railroad, and filed for a homestead in Brookings, Dakota Territory, on February 19, 1880.

De Smet, final home
After promising his wife, Caroline, that the family would finally settle in one place, it was in 1879 that Ingalls decided to stay in De Smet, Dakota Territory following their move from Minnesota. The first winter after arriving in De Smet, the family lived in what was known as the surveyor's house. Following the first winter, Ingalls decided to try farming in the area of Silver Lake, outside town. A few years later, he had "proved up" his claim and sold the farm, choosing to move back into De Smet and build a home on Third Street. Construction on the house began in 1887 and was completed in 1889. It was in this house that Ingalls, along with his wife and daughter Mary, lived out the rest of his days. In 1880, Ingalls opened a general goods store. The business closed in 1881. A respected citizen of De Smet, Ingalls held various elected positions in the town, including Justice of the Peace and deputy sheriff. Ingalls helped found, build, and was an active member of the First Congregational Church in De Smet. The first service was held in the new church building on August 30, 1882. Ingalls and his wife, along with oldest daughter Mary, were among the church's eight original charter members.

Death
Ingalls died on June 8, 1902, of cardiovascular disease, at the age of 66. A Freemason, Ingalls was given Masonic rites at his funeral. He is buried at De Smet Cemetery alongside his wife, Caroline, his daughters Mary, Carrie, and Grace, as well as his infant grandson who died at 3 weeks old, the child of daughter Laura and son-in-law Almanzo Wilder.

In the media
Ingalls has been portrayed in the adaptations of Little House on the Prairie by:
 * Michael Landon in the television series Little House on the Prairie and its movie sequels
 * Matthew Laborteaux as a young Charles in the third-season episode "Journey in the Spring" and the fourth-season episode "I Remember, I Remember" of the television series
 * Shūsei Nakamura (voice) in Laura, The Prairie Girl Japanese cartoon series
 * Richard Thomas in both Beyond the Prairie: The True Story of Laura Ingalls Wilder films
 * Cameron Bancroft in the miniseries Little House on the Prairie
 * Steve Blanchard in the musical

title: Charles Ingalls


text: Talk:The Life and Times of Juniper Lee

title: Talk:The Life and Times of Juniper Lee


text:
Gary McKinnon

Gary McKinnon (born 10 February 1966) is a Scottish systems administrator and hacker who was accused in 2002 of perpetrating the "biggest military computer hack of all time", although McKinnon himself states that he was merely looking for evidence of free energy suppression and a cover-up of UFO activity and other technologies potentially useful to the public. On 16 October 2012, after a series of legal proceedings in Britain, then Home Secretary Theresa May blocked extradition to the United States.

Alleged crime
McKinnon was accused of hacking into 97 United States military and NASA computers over a 13-month period between February 2001 and March 2002, at the house of his girlfriend's aunt in London, using the name 'Solo'.

US authorities stated he deleted critical files from operating systems, which shut down the United States Army's Military District of Washington network of 2000 computers for 24 hours. McKinnon also posted a notice on the military's website: "Your security is crap". After the September 11 attacks in 2001, he allegedly deleted weapons logs at the Earle Naval Weapons Station, rendering its network of 300 computers inoperable and paralyzing munitions supply deliveries for the US Navy's Atlantic Fleet. McKinnon was also accused of copying data, account files and passwords onto his own computer. US authorities stated that the cost of tracking and correcting the problems he caused was over $700,000.

While not admitting that it constituted evidence of destruction, McKinnon did admit leaving a threat on one computer: "US foreign policy is akin to Government-sponsored terrorism these days ... It was not a mistake that there was a huge security stand down on September 11 last year... I am SOLO. I will continue to disrupt at the highest levels"

US authorities stated that McKinnon was trying to downplay his own actions. A senior military officer at the Pentagon told The Sunday Telegraph: "US policy is to fight these attacks as strongly as possible. As a result of Mr McKinnon's actions, we suffered serious damage. This was not some harmless incident. He did very serious and deliberate damage to military and NASA computers and left silly and anti-America messages. All the evidence was that someone was staging a very serious attack on US computer systems."

Arrest and legal proceedings
McKinnon was first interviewed by police on 19 March 2002. After this interview, his computer was seized by the authorities. He was interviewed again on 8 August 2002, this time by the UK National Hi-Tech Crime Unit (NHTCU).

In November 2002, McKinnon was indicted by a federal grand jury in the Eastern District of Virginia. The indictment contained seven counts of computer-related crime, each of which carried a potential ten-year jail sentence.

Extradition proceedings
McKinnon remained at liberty without restriction for three years until June 2005 (until after the UK enacted the Extradition Act 2003, which implemented the 2003 extradition treaty with the United States wherein the United States did not need to provide contestable evidence), when he became subject to bail conditions including a requirement to sign in at his local police station every evening and to remain at his home address at night.

If extradited to the U.S. and charged, McKinnon would have faced up to 70 years in jail. He had also expressed fears that he could be sent to Guantanamo Bay.

Appeal to the House of Lords
Representing McKinnon in the House of Lords on 16 June 2008, barristers told the Law Lords that the prosecutors had said McKinnon faced a possible 8–10 years in jail per count if he contested the charges (there were seven counts) without any chance of repatriation, but only 37–46 months if he co-operated and went voluntarily to the United States. U.S.-style plea bargains are not a part of English jurisprudence (although it is standard practice to reduce the sentence by one-third for a defendant who pleads guilty).

McKinnon's barrister said that the Law Lords could deny extradition if there was an abuse of process: "If the United States wish to use the processes of English courts to secure the extradition of an alleged offender, then they must play by our rules."

The House of Lords rejected this argument, with the lead judgement (of Lord Brown of Eaton-under-Heywood) holding that "the difference between the American system and our own is not perhaps so stark as [McKinnon]'s argument suggests" and that extradition proceedings should "accommodate legal and cultural differences between the legal systems of the many foreign friendly states with whom the UK has entered into reciprocal extradition arrangements".

Further appeals
McKinnon appealed to the European Court of Human Rights, which briefly imposed a bar on the extradition.

On 23 January 2009, McKinnon won permission from the High Court to apply for a judicial review against his extradition. On 31 July 2009, the High Court announced that McKinnon had lost this appeal.

British government blocks extradition
On 16 October 2012, then-Home Secretary Theresa May announced to the House of Commons that the extradition had been blocked, saying that:"Mr McKinnon is accused of serious crimes. But there is also no doubt that he is seriously ill ... He has Asperger's syndrome, and suffers from depressive illness. Mr McKinnon's extradition would give rise to such a high risk of him ending his life that a decision to extradite would be incompatible with Mr McKinnon's human rights."She stated that the Director of Public Prosecutions would determine whether McKinnon should face trial before a British court. On 14 December, the DPP, Keir Starmer, announced that McKinnon would not be prosecuted in the United Kingdom, because of the difficulties involved in bringing a case against him when the evidence was in the United States.

Judicial review
In January 2010, Mr Justice Mitting granted McKinnon a further judicial review of the decision of Home Secretary Alan Johnson to allow McKinnon's extradition. Mitting distinguished two issues which were arguable, the first being whether psychiatrist Jeremy Turk's opinion that McKinnon would certainly commit suicide if extradited means that the Home Secretary must refuse extradition under section 6 of the Human Rights Act 1998 (which prevents a public authority from acting in a way incompatible with convention rights). The second was whether Turk's opinion was a fundamental change to the circumstances that the courts had previously considered and ruled upon. Mitting ruled that if the answer to both questions was "Yes", then it was arguable that it would be unlawful to allow the extradition.

Support for McKinnon
In early November 2008, eighty British MPs signed an Early Day Motion calling for any custodial sentence imposed by an American court to be served in a prison in the UK. On 15 July 2009, many voted in Parliament against a review of the extradition treaty.

In November 2008, the rock group Marillion announced that it was ready to participate in a benefit concert in support of McKinnon's struggle to avoid extradition to United States. The organiser of the planned event was Ross Hemsworth, an English radio host. No date had been set as of November 2008. Many prominent individuals voiced support, including Sting, Trudie Styler, Julie Christie, David Gilmour, Graham Nash, Peter Gabriel, The Proclaimers, Bob Geldof, Chrissie Hynde, David Cameron, Boris Johnson, Stephen Fry, and Terry Waite. All proposed that, at least, he should be tried in the UK.

In August 2009, Glasgow newspaper The Herald reported that Scots entrepreneur Luke Heron would pay £100,000 towards McKinnon's legal costs in the event he was extradited to the US.

In a further article in The Herald, Joseph Gutheinz, Jr., a retired NASA Office of Inspector General Senior Special Agent, voiced his support for McKinnon. Gutheinz, who is also an American criminal defence attorney and former Member of the Texas Criminal Justice Advisory Committee on Offenders with Medical and Mental Impairments, said that he feared Gary McKinnon would not find justice in the US, because "the American judicial system turns a blind eye towards the needs of the mentally ill".

Web and print media across the UK were critical of the extradition.

Janis Sharp, McKinnon's mother, stood as an independent candidate in the 2010 general election in Blackburn in protest against the sitting Labour MP Jack Straw, who was Foreign Secretary when the extradition treaty was agreed. She finished last out of eight candidates with 0.38% of the vote.

On 20 July 2010, Tom Bradby, ITN's political editor, raised the Gary McKinnon issue with U.S. President Barack Obama and Prime Minister David Cameron in a joint White House press conference who responded that they had discussed it and were working to find an 'appropriate solution'.

Song
In August 2009, Pink Floyd's David Gilmour released an online single, "Chicago - Change the World", on which he sang and played guitar, bass and keyboards, to promote awareness of McKinnon's plight. A re-titled cover of the Graham Nash song "Chicago", it featured Chrissie Hynde and Bob Geldof, plus McKinnon himself. It was produced by long-time Pink Floyd collaborator Chris Thomas and was made with Nash's support.

Statements to the media
McKinnon has admitted in many public statements that he obtained unauthorised access to computer systems in the United States including those mentioned in the United States indictment. He states his motivation, drawn from a statement made before the Washington Press Club on 9 May 2001 by the Disclosure Project, was to find evidence of UFOs, antigravity technology, and the suppression of "free energy", all of which he states to have proven through his actions.

In an interview televised on the BBC's Click programme, he stated of the Disclosure Project that "they are some very credible, relied-upon people, all saying yes, there is UFO technology, there's anti-gravity, there's free energy, and it's extraterrestrial in origin and [they've] captured spacecraft and reverse engineered it." He said he investigated a NASA photographic expert's claim that at the Johnson Space Center's Building 8, images were regularly cleaned of evidence of UFO craft, and confirmed this, comparing the raw originals with the "processed" images. He stated to have viewed a detailed image of "something not man-made" and "cigar shaped" floating above the northern hemisphere, and assuming his viewing would be undisrupted owing to the hour, he did not think of capturing the image because he was "bedazzled", and therefore did not think of securing it with the screen capture function in the software at the point when his connection was interrupted.

Radio play
On 12 December 2007, BBC Radio 4 broadcast John Fletcher's 45-minute radio play about the case, entitled The McKinnon Extradition.

title: Gary McKinnon


text:
Abandze

Abandze is a small town near the Atlantic Ocean coast of Ghana, lying north-east of Cape Coast in the Central Region of Ghana. In 2010, the town had a population of 3,632. It grew around the Dutch Fort Amsterdam, established in 1598. The fort was rebuilt as the British settlement in the region, renamed Fort York, in 1645. It was then recaptured by the Dutch in 1665 and reverted to its original name, mirroring the British takeover of New Amsterdam which renamed that settlement New York. Long since disused, the fort has since been partially restored and is sometimes known as Fort Kormantin.

The majority of the people who live at Abandze are fishermen.

title: Abandze