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The Gastineau Girls

Gastineau Girls is an American reality series that made its debut on the E! cable channel in 2005. The show followed the daily exploits of Lisa Gastineau and Brittny Gastineau, respectively the ex-wife and only daughter (whom he has not seen in 17 years) of former NFL player Mark Gastineau.

Synopsis
The first season chronicled Lisa and Brittny's quest for love in New York City as well as Brittny's attempt to make it in the world of modeling. After its initial season ended, E! renewed the show for a second season. After airing two seasons, the show was cancelled.

The series was produced by True Entertainment, a subsidiary of Endemol Entertainment, known for CBS' Big Brother.

DVD release
On January 31, 2006, the series' first complete season was released on Region 1 DVD in the United States.

title: The Gastineau Girls


text: Category:Mass media in Italy

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Category:Mass media in Italy


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File:ReallyKimbaTheWhiteLion.jpg

Description
Kimba, a creation of Osamu Tezuka, from Kimba the White Lion

Fair use rationale
This image falls under fair use in the articles Osamu Tezuka and Kimba the White Lion because:
 * 1) The image is low resolution
 * 2) The image is not used in a manner that is likely to replace the original market role of the original copyrighted media
 * 3) No free equivalent is available, nor could one be created

 * Taking the above and putting it in a template per Wiki standards.

 * OtakuMan 17:23, 6 June 2007 (UTC)

title: File:ReallyKimbaTheWhiteLion.jpg


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Category:Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players

This is a category for Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players, past and present.

title: Category:Tottenham Hotspur F.C. players


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Talk:Express Mail(USPS)

Edit conflict? I thought the article already had the industry-category among other things. Was I just seeing things?Falphin 15:06, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * I already made a suggestion on what to do with these pages here. Lets' see if we can agree on some progress. Please discuss it there rather than crosspost. This page should should redirect to Express mail. Cheers ww2censor 04:14, 12 June 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Express Mail(USPS)


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The Un-Americans

The Un-Americans (originally known as The Anti-Americans) were a villainous professional wrestling stable in World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) who were active from 2002 to 2003. The stable was originally composed of three Canadian wrestlers: Lance Storm, Christian and Test. Towards the end of the Un-Americans' existence, the trio was joined by British wrestler William Regal. The group won the World Tag Team Championship three times.

As indicated by the name, the Anti-Americans differed from previous incarnations of Team Canada, a stable that Storm was part of, in that they were anti-American rather than pro-Canadian. As a result of this, the emblem of the stable was not the Canadian flag, but an American flag flown upside down.

History
The Un-Americans were formed on SmackDown! in June 2002 by the Canadian Lance Storm, who had led a similar stable known as Team Canada in World Championship Wrestling (WCW). Storm claimed that World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) had discriminated against Canadians for years, citing the Montreal Screwjob as an example. Christian (who had teamed with Storm regularly since the fall of the WCW/ECW Alliance) and Test, also Canadian, joined the burgeoning stable later that month. The stable was named "The Anti-Americans" shortly thereafter.

In the lead-up to the formation of the group, each member had suffered a televised loss, decided by the ineptitude of the referee calling the match. Storm lost a tag team match when he used a Bridging German Suplex to pin his opponent Billy Kidman. Storm inadvertently put his own shoulders on the mat, forcing the referee to count a pinfall on both men. Storm managed to raise his shoulder off the mat before Kidman did, but the referee did not see this, and awarded the victory to Kidman's team. In the following weeks, Christian and Test were pinned by their opponents in matches, and the referee failed to see that they were touching the ring-ropes (thus invalidating the pin attempt).

In July, The Anti-Americans began feuding with wrestlers such as Rikishi, fellow Canadian Edge and Hollywood Hulk Hogan. At Vengeance on July 21, Storm and Christian defeated Edge and Hogan to win the WWE Tag Team Championship. They were assisted by Chris Jericho, another Canadian, who both proposed the match to Mr. McMahon, and helped them win it after striking Edge with one of the belts. However, Jericho did not formally join the stable and had only helped due to an ongoing feud with Edge. Original plans, according to Storm, were to have the four Canadians form a group called "C-4", but plans were scrapped before many details could be worked out. In fact, Jericho had jumped to Raw on the same day as the stable, but still did not join them, though he was sometimes regarded as an associate (especially with Christian).

The Anti-Americans then jumped from SmackDown! to Raw on July 29, and immediately began a feud with The Undertaker. Up until this night, the WWE Tag Team Championship was only active on the SmackDown! brand. But when the stable moved to Raw, the titles moved too, forcing the creation of a second tag team championship. This was when Jim Ross started referring to the group as "The Un-Americans". They went on to feud with Booker T and Goldust, who Storm and Christian defeated to retain the WWE Tag Team Championship at SummerSlam on August 25. Later that night, The Undertaker defeated Test in a singles match.

In late August and early September, The Un-Americans attempted on several occasions to burn the American flag, but were thwarted on each occasion by Booker T, Goldust, Kane and Bradshaw. In mid-September, the English William Regal joined the stable. At Unforgiven on September 22, The Un-Americans lost to Booker T, Goldust, Kane and Bubba Ray Dudley in an eight-man tag team match.

Storm and Christian lost the WWE Tag Team Championship on the September 23 episode of Raw to Kane and The Hurricane. Following the match, both Storm and Christian blamed one another for the loss. One week later, Storm and Christian were both defeated in singles matches (by the same man, Randy Orton), and Test and Regal lost a tag team match to Rob Van Dam and Tommy Dreamer. The series of losses divided The Un-Americans, and the stable split in brawling fashion.

Post-split
The stable continued as a tag team featuring Regal and Storm, retaining their anti-American sentiments, although with an emphasis on their respective English and Canadian heritage, regaining the (renamed) World Tag Team Championship on two occasions.

Both Regal and Storm split up in March 2003 after Regal got a heart parasite in India while WWE was on tour (thus permanently disbanding the team). They were still champions when Regal got sick and the titles were vacated. He was replaced by Chief Morley who declared himself and Storm the new World Tag Team Champions. They dropped the titles to Kane and Rob Van Dam on the March 31 episode of Raw. Morley was never a member of the Un-Americans, even though Morley is Canadian.

Meanwhile, Test took on Stacy Keibler as a manager, and turned face. Christian went on to team with Jericho and serve as Jericho's side-kick and partner. On the June 23, 2003 episode of Raw The Un-Americans (Christian and Test) reunited for one night only to take on Booker T and Scott Steiner in a winning effort.

It was commented by Michael Hayes during a segment of "The Legends of Wrestling" - Patriotism, that everyone in the Un-Americans were afraid of the "heat" brought on by the angle. Regal was remarked to be the only one who was not and due to that, the angle was short-lived. Storm later denied this claim.

Storm worked for the company until retiring from professional wrestling in April 2004 and became a trainer for a wrestling school in Calgary. He returned to WWE for two appearances in May 2005 and fought against Chris Jericho at ECW One Night Stand. Storm once again retired in 2007 and returned to the sport in 2009 until his last match in 2016. In 2019 he returned to WWE as a producer and was released by WWE on April 15, 2020, due to budget cuts from the COVID-19 pandemic.

Test would stay with WWE until November 2004. He went to wrestle for other promotions in the United States, Nu-Wrestling in Italy, and World Series Wrestling in Australia. He returned to WWE in March 2006 and was released less than a year later in February 2007. He would afterwards continue to wrestle for other wrestling promotions. He died on March 13, 2009, of a drug overdose.

Christian became a four-time Intercontinental Champion winning his second (he won his first at Unforgiven in September 2001, nine months before the stable's formation) at Judgment Day in May 2003. He stayed with the company until November 2005 when he went to Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) and became a main eventer winning the NWA World Heavyweight Championship on two occasions in 2006 and 2007. He left TNA in January 2009 after his contract expired and returned to WWE a month later. He won the ECW Championship and the World Heavyweight Championship on two occasions each in 2009 and 2011 respectively. He retired from professional wrestling in 2014 after years of concussions. However, he signed with All Elite Wrestling (AEW) in 2021.

Regal returned to professional wrestling in April 2004 and was the general manager of Raw from August 2007 until May 2008. He retired from professional wrestling in December 2013 then he took up the role in NXT from July 2014 until his departure in January 2022. He would sign with AEW soon afterwards before returning to the WWE a year later.

Championships and accomplishments

 * World Wrestling Entertainment
 * World Tag Team Championship (3 times) - Christian and Lance Storm (1), William Regal and Lance Storm (2)

title: The Un-Americans


text: User talk:203.113.239.136

title: User talk:203.113.239.136


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Talk:Blue Mountains (disambiguation)

This should really be merged with Blue Mountain (also a disambig page). Ian 15:07, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Blue Mountains (disambiguation)


text: Category:Mass media in Malaysia

title: Category:Mass media in Malaysia


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FSB (band)

FSB (ФСБ) (abbreviation for Formation Studio Balkanton) are a Bulgarian progressive rock band formed in 1975 in Sofia as a studio project. FSB achieved great success in the 1980s and performed in numerous countries across Europe. Their collaboration with singer Jose Feliciano resulted in the album I'm Never Gonna Change and a Grammy award in 1990.

Current members

 * Rumen Boyadzhiev — vocals, keyboards (1975–present)
 * Konstantin Tsekov — keyboards, vocals (1975–present)
 * Ivan Lechev — guitar (1979–present)

Former members

 * Aleksandar Baharov — bass (1975–1983)
 * Peter Slavov — drums (1979–2006, d.2008)
 * Ivaylo Kraychovski — bass (1983–2007, d.2018)

title: FSB (band)


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St Volodymyr's Cathedral

St Volodymyr's Cathedral (Володимирський собор) is a cathedral in the centre of Kyiv, and one of the city's major landmarks. Since the unification council of the Eastern Orthodox churches of Ukraine in December 2018, it has been under the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of the Orthodox Church of Ukraine. Before that, it was the mother church of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate.

History and description
In 1852, Metropolitan Philaret of Moscow suggested a large cathedral should be built in Kyiv to commemorate the 900th anniversary of the baptism of Kyivan Rus' by prince Volodymyr the Great. People from all over the Russian Empire started donating to this cause, so that by 1859 the cathedral fund had amassed a huge sum of 100,000 rubles. The Kyiv Pechersk Lavra (Monastery of the Caves) produced one million bricks and presented them to the cathedral as well. The design was executed in neo-Byzantine style initially by the architects I. Schtrom, P. Sparro, R. Bemhardt, K. Mayevsky, V. Nikolayev. The final version of the design belongs to Alexander Vikentievich Beretti. It is a traditional six-piered, three-apsed temple crowned by seven cupolas. The height to the cross of the main dome is 49 m.

The colourful interior of the cathedral is particularly striking. Its mosaics were executed by masters from Venice. The frescoes were created under the guidance of Professor Adrian Prakhov by a group of famous painters: Wilhelm Kotarbiński, Mikhail Nesterov, Mykola Pymonenko, Pavel Svedomsky, Viktor Vasnetsov, Mikhail Vrubel, Viktor Zamyraylo (1868–1939), and others. The painting of the Holy Mother of God by Vasnetsov in the altar apse of the cathedral impresses by its austere beauty.

The entrance door is adorned with relief bronze sculptures of Olha of Kyiv by sculptor Robert Bakh and St. Volodymyr (sculptor H. Zaieman) against a blue background. The iconostasis is carved from the white marble brought from Carrara. The cathedral was completed in 1882, however, the paintings were fully completed only in 1896.

The cathedral risked damage during the Polish–Soviet War in 1920. During the Soviet period, the cathedral narrowly escaped demolition, but not closure. Until the Second World War, it served as a museum of religion and atheism. The relics of Saint Barbara, a martyr of the 3rd century AD, were transferred to St Volodymyr's from the St. Michael's Golden-Domed Monastery before it was destroyed by the Bolsheviks, and have remained there since.

After the war, the cathedral was reopened and has since remained continually open. It was then the main church of the Kyiv Metropolitan See of the Ukrainian Exarchate. The cathedral was one of the few places in the USSR where tourists could openly visit a working Orthodox Church. It saw the revival of Orthodox religion in 1988 when the millennium celebration of the Baptism of Rus' marked a late change in Soviet policy on religion.

After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, St Volodymyr's Cathedral ownership became an issue of controversy between two denominations that both claim to represent Ukrainian Orthodox Christianity – the Ukrainian Orthodox Church, a church with an autonomous status that was, at the time, under the Moscow Patriarchate, and the newly established Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kyiv Patriarchate, which, ultimately, won the control over the cathedral.

title: St Volodymyr's Cathedral


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Some Enchanted Evening

"Some Enchanted Evening" is a show tune from the 1949 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical South Pacific. It has been described as "the single biggest popular hit to come out of any Rodgers and Hammerstein show." Andrew Lloyd Webber describes it as the "greatest song ever written for a musical".

The song is a three-verse solo for the leading male character, Emile, in which he describes first seeing a stranger, knowing that he will see her again, and dreaming of her laughter. He sings that when you find your "true love", you must "fly to her side, and make her your own, / Or all through your life you may dream all alone."

In South Pacific
The song appears in the first act of the musical. It is sung as a solo by the show's male lead, Emile de Becque, a middle-aged French expatriate who has become a plantation owner on a South Pacific island during World War II. Emile falls in love with Ensign Nellie Forbush, an optimistic and naive young American navy nurse from Little Rock, Arkansas. The two have known each other for only a few weeks, and each worries that the other may not return his or her love. In the song, Emile expresses his romantic feelings for Nellie, recalling how they met at an officers' club dance and instantly were attracted to each other. He describes a man seeing a stranger and instantly knowing he will see her again, hearing her laughter and dreaming of it. He says that when you find your "true love", you must "fly to her side, and make her your own"; otherwise, all your life you will "dream all alone". He later asks her to marry him. The song is then reprised several times during the show by Nellie and/or Emile as their relationship experiences setbacks and reconciliations.

In the original Broadway production, "Some Enchanted Evening" was sung by former Metropolitan Opera star Ezio Pinza. Pinza won the Tony Award for Best Actor in 1950 for this role, and the song made him a favorite with audiences and listeners who normally did not attend or listen to opera. In the 2001 London revival of the show, Philip Quast won an Olivier Award for Best Actor for his role as Emile, and seven years later, international opera singer Paulo Szot won a Tony for his portrayal in the 2008 New York revival.

In the film version of South Pacific, the first and second scenes of the play are switched around. Because of the switch, Emile enters later in the film, and "Some Enchanted Evening" is not heard until nearly 45 minutes into the film, while in the original stage version it is heard about 15 minutes after Act I begins. In the film, the song is sung by Metropolitan Opera bass Giorgio Tozzi, who dubbed the singing for actor Rossano Brazzi. Tozzi's version finished at No. 28 on the 2004 American Film Institute list and television special, AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs, selecting the top 100 songs in American cinema.

Analysis
According to Popular Music in America, the song's "lush orchestration, expansive form, and above all its soaring melody" allow the singer and character (Emile) to "linger in the moment" of immediate infatuation. Gerald Mast's history of the American musical notes that the song is a climactic moment which reveals that two characters have fallen in love, and it expresses a seize-the-opportunity lyric: "When you find your true love ... Then fly to her side / And make her your own". According to the running commentary on the 2006 Fox DVD release of the 1958 film version of South Pacific, Lehman Engel remembered that Oscar Hammerstein II wanted to write a song based around verbs but waited ten years to do so before he wrote this song, in which the verses are built around the verbs "see", "hear" and "fly".

Selected recorded versions
Many popular singers have recorded and performed "Some Enchanted Evening". Perry Como's version was a #1 hit in 1949, and Frank Sinatra recorded the song several times.

 * Ezio Pinza (recorded April 18, 1949, Original Broadway cast recording of South Pacific). His single version reached No. 7 in the Billboard charts in 1949.
 * Perry Como (1949). His single reached No. 1 in 1949
 * Frank Sinatra (1949), (1963, including a duet with Rosemary Clooney), (1967). The 1949 version reached the No. 6 position in the Billboard charts.
 * Bing Crosby (1949), recorded March 10, 1949 and reached No. 3 in the Billboard charts during a 20-week stay.
 * Jo Stafford - Autumn in New York (1950). Her single version reached No. 4 in the Billboard charts in 1949.
 * Giorgio Tozzi (1958 for the film soundtrack; 1967 for the Lincoln Center revival cast recording with Florence Henderson)
 * Andy Williams (from the 1958 album Andy Williams Sings Rodgers and Hammerstein)
 * Jay & The Americans (1965). The Group's single version reached No. 13 on the Hot 100, Billboard charts in 1965.
 * Jane Olivor had a 1977 single release (#91 on the Billboard Hot 100: the track was taken from her 1976 debut album First Night.
 * José Carreras (1986) for a studio cast recording of South Pacific with Kiri Te Kanawa, Mandy Patinkin and Sarah Vaughan
 * Willie Nelson included the song on his 1988 album, What a Wonderful World
 * Barbra Streisand (from her No. 1 1993 album Back to Broadway)
 * The Temptations (1995, For Lovers Only)
 * Bryn Terfel – Something Wonderful: Bryn Terfel Sings Rodgers and Hammerstein (1996)
 * Philip Quast for the 2002 London revival cast recording of South Pacific
 * Art Garfunkel (from his 2007 album Some Enchanted Evening)
 * Paulo Szot – South Pacific (The New Broadway Cast) (2008)
 * Bob Dylan (from his No.1 2015 album Shadows in the Night)

In popular culture
The song's title has been used as the name for albums, such as one by Blue Öyster Cult, one by Art Garfunkel and a cast album and PBS special of the revue "Some Enchanted Evening" – The Songs of Rodgers & Hammerstein. It was used as the name for television episodes in such TV series as The Simpsons, Last of the Summer Wine, Man About the House, and Bless This House.

The song has been sung in films and on TV shows, for example by Harrison Ford in the film American Graffiti (1978 reissue), by an itinerant chanteuse in Crossing Delancey (1988), by Jon Bon Jovi on Ally McBeal in the episode "Homecoming" (2002) and by Bert in episode 102 on The Muppet Show (1977) to Connie Stevens. In April 2023, the song featured in the BBC Radio 4 series Soul Music.

title: Some Enchanted Evening


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Huckapoo

Huckapoo was an American teen pop girl group formed in late 2003 by Brian Lukow, co-creator of teen pop boy band Dream Street. The group comprises Brittney Segal ("Angel Sparks"), Brittany Lahm ("Twiggy Stardom"), Lindsay Nyman ("Joey Thunders"), Jordan Lane Price ("Groovy Tuesday"), and Brooke Mori ("PJ Bardot").

History
Having managed the boy band Dream Street prior, Lukow wanted to reprise Dream Street's success and marketability through a female lens. With young females dominating the fanbase of the teen pop zeitgeist at the time, Lukow molded Huckapoo's image to the Girl Power individuality of the Spice Girls. As a result, its group members each portray an alias.

Their aliases were characters from different social groups typically found on any high school campus.
 * Brittney Segal: As Angel Sparks, a biker.
 * Brittany Lahm: As Twiggy Stardom, a preppy cheerleader.
 * Lindsay Nyman: As Joey Thunders, a punk.
 * Jordan Price: As Groovy Tuesday, a flower child hippie.
 * Brooke Mori: As P.J. Bardot, a hip-hop princess.

While the group had recorded songs for live shows and promotion, they did not release an album. Instead, most of their recorded material have been featured on several Disney compilation albums including That's So Raven. Their song "Perfectly" is on the Disney original movie soundtrack, Pixel Perfect. In April 2006, Segal left the group and the band continued to perform as a quartet. In the following year, their songs were featured in the film Spy School, along with their own version of "Macho Man". By 2008, the rest of the members went their separate ways.

title: Huckapoo


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Limitanei

The limitanei (Latin, also called ripenses), meaning respectively "the soldiers in frontier districts" (from the Latin word limes meaning frontier) or "the soldiers on the riverbank" (from the Rhine and Danube), were an important part of the late Roman and early Byzantine army after the reorganizations of the late 3rd and early 4th centuries. The limitanei, unlike the Comitatenses, palatīni, and Scholae, garrisoned fortifications along the borders of the Roman Empire and were not normally expected to fight far from their fortifications.

The limitanei were lower-status and lower-paid than the comitatenses and palatīnī, and the distinction in role and status between scholae, palatini, comitatenses, and limitanei had largely replaced the older one between praetorians, legionaries, and auxiliaries. The limitanei and palatini both included legionary units alongside auxiliary units.

The nature of the limitanei changed considerably between their introduction in the 3rd or 4th century and their disappearance in the 6th or 7th century. In the 4th century, the limitanei were professional soldiers, and included both infantry and cavalry as well as river flotillas, but after the 5th century they were part-time soldiers, and after the 6th century they were unpaid militia.

The role of the limitanei remains somewhat uncertain. Hugh Elton and Warren Treadgold suggest that, besides garrisoning fortifications along the frontier, they operated as border guards and customs police and to prevent small-scale raids. They may have driven off medium-scale attacks without the support of the field armies. Edward Luttwak saw their role as a key part in a strategy of defence-in-depth in combination with the provincial field armies.

Origins and history

In the early 3rd century, the Roman military was organized into several provincial armies under the command of the provincial governors, a smaller reserve under the command of the emperor, guard units such as the Praetorian Guard, and the urban cohorts. Field armies were temporary formations, usually composed of the reserve and/or of detachments drawn from the provincial armies. In the later 3rd century, due to the frequent wars, field armies could remain together for several years, under the direct command of the emperor, and would require their own recruitment systems.

By the mid 4th century, the Roman military was divided into frontier armies under the command of the provincial duces and permanent field armies under the command of the emperor, the magistri peditum, magistri equitum, or comites. The frontier armies would patrol the borders and oppose small-scale raids. They may have driven off medium-scale attacks without the support of the field armies. The frontier armies would later be known as limitanei or ripenses. The field armies would respond to larger-scale attacks, would fight against rival emperors, and would conduct any large-scale attacks into neighboring countries. The field armies would later be known as comitatenses or palatini. The first known written reference to ripenses was in 325 and the first to limitanei was not until 363.

Historians disagree on whether the emperor Diocletian, or one of his successors, such as Constantine I, split the Roman military into frontier armies and field armies. Theodor Mommsen, H.M.D. Parker, and more recently, Warren Treadgold and David S. Potter attribute the reorganization to Diocletian. E.C. Nischer, D. van Berchem, and more recently, M.C. Bishop and J.C.N. Coulston attribute mainly an expansion to Diocletian, and the reorganization to Constantine I and his successors. Karl Strobel sees the reorganization as the culmination of trends going back well into the 3rd century, with Diocletian strengthening both the frontier and field armies.

The division of the Roman Empire, the collapse of its western portion, and the formation of the successor states means that the limitanei may have developed differently in the east and the west, or even in different regions of the west.

In the east, the emperor Justinian cancelled their pay. After this, the eastern limitanei were no longer professional soldiers, but continued to exist as militia through the Persian Wars and the Arab Conquest.

The Arabic ajnad of Palestine, Jordan, Damascus, and Homs, may represent continuations of the commands of Palaestina, Arabia, Phoeniciae, and Syria.

In the west, the collapse of the empire cut off regular pay. Peter Heather notes an incident in the Life of St. Severinus, in Noricum in the 460s, where raiders had intercepted and cut down limitanei who were bringing their pay to the rest of their unit.

Organization
The limitanei represented the largest part of the late Roman Army. The eastern portion of the Notitia Dignitatum, from about 395, may count some 195,500 personnel in the frontier armies not counting the river flotillas, 104,000 in the field armies not counting the fleets, and 3,500 in the palace guard. The western portion, from about 420, is harder to work with, because it has been unevenly edited, it omits some frontier provinces, and it includes British provinces which were probably lost to the Empire.

The size of the army, and therefore of the limitanei, remains controversial. A.H.M. Jones and Warren Treadgold argue that the late Roman army was significantly larger than earlier Roman armies, and Treadgold estimates they had up to 645,000 troops. Karl Strobel denies this, and Strobel estimates that the late Roman army had some 435,000 troops in the time of Diocletian and 450,000 in the time of Constantine I.

The limitanei were usually under the command of the duces of their respective provinces. There were some exceptions, with comites commanding units of limitanei, and with duces commanding units from two or more provinces.

The units of the limitanei included legiones of infantry, often divided between two bases and sometimes divided among more, numeri, milites, and cohortes of infantry, as well as vexillationes, equites, cunei, and alae of cavalry. The size of the legions is unclear. A.H.M. Jones suggested that they could have as many as 3,000 troops, because they are often listed with 10 cohorts, and because they are sometimes divided among many bases. Warren Treadgold suggests that the legions probably had about 1,000 troops and the other units probably had about 500 troops each. The different titles of numeri, milites, and cohorts, or vexillationes, equites, cunei, and alae, probably did not correspond with different structures or roles, although according to Pat Southern and Karen Dixon, the legiones, auxilia, and cunei of the border armies were part of the limitanei, but higher-status than the older cohortes and alae in the same armies. Warren Treadgold estimates that 50.1% of the limitanei were infantry and 49.9% cavalry, not counting river flotillas.

Roles
The role of the limitanei remains somewhat uncertain.

Neither Vegetius, writing in the late 4th or early 5th century, nor Mauricius, writing in the late 6th century, discuss the limitanei in their military manuals. This is understandable. Vegetius called for the revival of earlier Roman practices, from before the organization of the limitanei, and Mauricius wrote after the decline of the limitanei.

Hugh Elton and Warren Treadgold suggest that, besides garrisoning fortifications along the frontier, they operated as border guards and customs police and to prevent small-scale raids. Hugh Elton describes their roles as "policing the border, gathering intelligence, and stopping raids". They may have driven off medium-scale attacks without the support of the field armies. Edward Luttwak saw their role as a key part in a strategy of defence-in-depth, manning a range of defences from forts to walled towns in a deep defensive zone. These defences would deny routes to the enemy, securing food stocks and, in arid areas, water supplies both to restrict attackers and facilitate counterattack by provincial field armies

Because units of limitanei operated in one area, had their own camps, and often recruited from the same area, they tended to maintain better relations with the locals than the comitatenses and palatini, who would often be transferred to other areas, and were often quartered in civilian homes.

They were light troops and served as a policing force to patrol Rome's distant, far-flung border regions and when necessary, to delay advancing enemy forces until counter-attacks could be arranged. They worked in conjunction with the comitatenses.

Pseudocomitatenses
The relationship between the limitanei, of the border armies, and the pseudocomitatenses, the lowest-ranking units of the field armies, remains unclear. Theodor Mommsen proposed that the pseudocomitatenses were former units of limitanei incorporated into the mobile field armies, and most authors since have followed his theory. E.C. Nischer proposed the alternate theory that the pseudocomitatenses were positional garrison units which were independent of the border armies and thus placed under the same command as the field armies.

Farmer-soldiers
In the past historians have suggested that the limitanei were organized as units of part-time farmer-soldiers. In this view, the limitanei were used in stationary roles along the frontier and were granted plots of land to cultivate, which essentially turned them into part-time soldiers/farmers. It was usually assumed that over time the limitanei settled down more permanently in their posts and became farmers and land owners as well as soldiers; raising families and earning a living from agricultural means rather than purely military service. It is now more generally assumed that there is no good evidence for this.

The current consensus seems to be that the limitanei were organized as units of professional soldiers, but they gradually became part-time soldiers and eventually an unpaid militia, relying on other professions including farming for income.

Why this new class of soldiers developed is disputed by historians. According to Azar Gat, many scholars believe that empires stationed these soldiers on the outskirts of empires as a first line of defense against raiding barbarians tribes. As the soldier profession is often not productive (prolonged periods of training with only occasional conflict), empires had long resorted to this principle of "military colonists". Thus, the late Roman empire adopted the system of limitanei (frontier-colonist-soldier) for economic reasons. By employing soldiers in this way, Rome was able to capitalize on their knowledge of warfare as well benefit from the agriculture produced by limitanei. Edward Luttwak, however, sees the change as due a strategic shift away from a firmly held frontier (preclusive defence) to a less firmly held frontier zone backed with mobile forces (defence-in-depth) as responsible for the change, though again referencing parallels of military colonists at other times in history.

Equipment
M.C. Bishop and J.C.N. Coulston, in a major work on Roman military equipment, do not distinguish that of the limitanei from that of the comitatenses and palatini. It is doubtful whether there were any universal differences between the equipment of the limitanei and of the other forces.

The late Roman empire had centralized fabricae, introduced by Diocletian, to provide arms and armor for the army.

The 4th century limitanei included both light and heavy infantry, as well as light and heavy cavalry, and river flotillas.

Fortifications
The limitanei garrisoned fortifications along the borders of the Roman empire. Hugh Elton divides these into four categories: "garrison forts, detachment forts, watchtowers, and fortified landing places". These fortifications could be organized into lines along rivers, such as the Rhine and Danube, or at times part of the Euphrates, along fortified walls such as Hadrian's Wall, or along otherwise unfortified roads such as the Strata Diocletiana.

Garrison forts are those at or near the towns along the frontiers, as well as other forts, garrisoned by independent units of limitanei.

Detachment forts are those too small for independent units, garrisoned by detachments from the nearest garrison fort.

Fortified landing places are those on the opposite side of riverine borders.

Both Diocletian and Constantine I reinforced the frontier fortifications. The fort of Deutz/Divitia, an important bridgehead on the east bank of the Rhine, was built in this period. Generally speaking there were more and smaller forts along the late Roman border than along the earlier Roman imperial borders. This has been interpreted as evidence that units were smaller than before, that units were divided among multiple forts, or both.

Effectiveness
The effectiveness of the limitanei, as units, and as part of the larger system, remains controversial.

The soldiers of the frontier armies were paid less than their counterparts in the field armies. However, this does not imply that the field armies always hired the most promising recruits; some may have preferred to stay close to home rather than to join units which could be deployed anywhere else. The soldiers of the frontier armies are often supposed to have been part-time farmer-soldiers without the same degree of training as the soldiers of the field armies; however, they were originally full-time soldiers.

Although these military reforms brought about a more effective defensive army than the previous arrangement had, it did have its pitfalls.

Constantine I was criticised for allowing what were perceived as "second-class" infantry, often recruited from non-Roman backgrounds, to be given the responsibility of watching over Rome's most troublesome regions. The elite comitatenses and Scholae Palatinae (the personal bodyguards of the late Roman Emperors such as Constantine I) resented being reduced to trivial home guard duties and acting more similarly to an urban police force until such a time that a serious enough threat presented itself at a nearby border, when they were called upon for duty.

They are historically significant in that their appearance, as part of a plan of military reforms enacted in the late 3rd century, was able to extend the life of the Roman Empire by pushing back the great barbarian invasions of late antiquity.

The quality of these border troops declined because the limitanei had to live in poor conditions in impoverished and isolated towns, unlike their well-off counterparts the comitatenses, who were typically assigned to more urban and prosperous areas of the empire. This affected the discipline and morale of the late Roman army. A factor that should also be examined and considered, is how the limitanei ended up as part time forces and eventually even, not being paid at all. Traditionally, the quality of troops degrades as they spend less and less time as active soldiers, and soldiers that aren't being sent their wages, are obviously not being sent new equipment, or money to repair or replace broken equipment.

The limitanei were nonetheless a fairly well equipped and trained force of infantry for their time, especially in relation to other standing armies of the day fielded by Rome's Germanic, Celtic, Iranian, and Eastern neighbours, collectively referred to as "barbarians" by the Romans themselves.

It can be surmised, due in part to these reforms, that the Western Roman Empire continued to live on for another 140 years after the end of Constantine's reign, in the face of numerous migrations and invasions from northern and eastern, nomadic peoples such as the Huns, Goths, Vandals, Ostrogoths, Sarmatians, Alans, Burgundians, Saxons and Franks, which continually weakened the Empire until its eventual collapse in 476 AD.

In popular culture
The limitanei are in Rome Total War: Barbarian Invasion as an infantry unit that can be recruited by any Roman faction. They are a cheap and easily trained unit that has poor attack, but very high defense, simulating their role in holding the frontier and bogging down enemies while the field armies mobilized.

In Civilization VI: Rise and Fall, limitanei are available as a military policy. The policy causes military units to increase the loyalty of the city they are garrisoned in.

In Age of Empires IV, limitanei are cheap anti-cavalry infantry available for the Byzantines.

title: Limitanei


text: Category:Mass media in Romania

title: Category:Mass media in Romania


text: Category:1949 songs

title: Category:1949 songs


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Talk:Singapore/to do

Improvement of Singapore article

 * Demographics: Fix typing error in the link to "2009 global financial criss[sic]."

 * History: include more events from 1965 to 1990

 * Economy: mention labor relations, employment conditions, unemployment statistics, class or gender distinctions, CPF as retirement pension

 * Education: include information on tertiary education, MOE policies(broad-based education, MTL policy), rankings on PISA(Programme for International Student Assessment) and TIMSS(Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study)

 * Expand section on health and medicine

 * Incomplete / needed citations, especially in History sections (in post-war to independence).

 * Mention urban planning and its significance and how land use and density is distributed and tie in with rest of content

 * To include a section on Singapore Science & Technology

Development of Singapore's sub-pages
 * More detail on to South Indian Hindu empires (e.g. the Majpahit) that preceded the Malay Sultanates and influenced the course of history and culture for Malaya and Singapore.

 * Expand and improve Government of Singapore (moving less prominent material from Politics of Singapore)which tends to come across as personal and subjective, and create a section to be integrated into the Singapore article and tied in with rest of content

 * More balanced "treatment" (or coverage) of all races and religions rather than a centrism which focuses on one more than the others.

 * More insight into colonial era British defence forces, including the Singapore Volunteer Corps, the Scottish regiment, the British Navy presence, the various batteries posted all over the island.

Review & Revision, FAC Process
 * Bring over references from subpages.

 * Cutting down irrelevant information, especially if a material is repeated in a subsequent section. Aim to cut Singapore article to below 200kB.

 * Others as appropriate.

title: Talk:Singapore/to do


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Seeb

Al-Seeb, As Seeb or As Sib (ٱلسِّيْب) is a coastal fishing province, located several kilometres northwest of Muscat, in northeastern Oman. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 470,878.

Landmarks include the Naseem Garden, the Royal Stables and Equestrian Centre, Royal Guard of Oman Technical College, Al Baraka Palace, Muscat International Airport and Markaz al Bahja.

History
The "Fort of Sibo" was located here. It complemented the defence of Muscat Square, which was one of its first and most important roles. It was part of a series of fortified cities that the Portuguese put up to control access to the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, like Khor Fakan, Muscat, Sohar, Seeb, Qurayyat and Muttrah. It has been demolished, at its former location today stands the Muscat International Airport. As-Seeb is known for being the venue in which the Treaty of Seeb agreement took place between the Imamate of Oman and the Sultanate of Muscat on 25 September 1920. This treaty divided Oman into two distinct regions, the hinterland and the coast, which were separated historically by the Hajar Mountains.

Regions
The province has many different district that are diverse in culture and nature, these include Al Khoudh, where Sultan Qaboos University is located, Al-Mabellah, Al-Hail, Ar-Rusail, Muscat Hills, and Wadi Lawami.

Intelligence gathering
In June 2014 The Register disclosed that Seeb is the location of a "beyond top secret" GCHQ internet monitoring site.

Sports
Al-Seeb Club and Al-Shabab are located in Seeb.

Wadi Al-Khoudh
Wadi Al-Khoudh is a Valley in Seeb which is a major tourist attraction for locals and foreigners, and it is located near Old Al-Khoudh Village in the state, The valley is most popular for off-road adventurers. The valley has a beautiful mixture of mesmerizing sights varying from clear water pools, green outcrops, and rock formations and is recommended for a picnic.

Sultan Haitham City
In May 2023, Sultan Haitham bin Tariq inaugurated the new Sultan Haitham City that will be built on an area of approximately fifteen million square meters of undeveloped land in Seeb. The intention for the new city is to house 100,000 residents from Muscat's growing population. There will be nearly three million square meters of green spaces including a central park. The city will be organized into nineteen walkable neighborhoods with thirty-nine schools, eleven health facilities, and a university. Construction began in February 2024 and phase one is expected to be completed by 2030.

Climate
Seeb has a hot desert climate (Köppen climate classification BWh) with very hot summers and warm winters. Precipitation is low, and falls mainly in the months from December to April.

title: Seeb


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Stag and doe

A stag and doe party, stag and drag party, buck and doe party, a jack and jill party, or a wedding social is a Canadian party and fundraiser for an engaged couple.

Canada
A stag and doe is a cultural event in Canada, popular mostly in Manitoba, Northern Ontario and rural Southern Ontario under various names to raise money for a couple for their future wedding plans or honeymoon. In Southern Ontario it may be called a stag and doe, or buck and doe. In Manitoba, this is often called a social or wedding social with less fundraising pressure than seen in Southern Ontario. In some other areas this is known as a Jack and Jill. In Northern Ontario, this is known as a "Shag"

The event is usually organized by the bridal party, but in some circumstances may also be held by the bride and groom before they are married. It acts as a fundraiser for the wedding. Guests purchase entrance tickets and are entertained by raffles, food and drink, music and fun and games that they will pay for to participate in. Entry tickets, raffle tickets, and games are present in almost all stag and does. The party is not a combined stag night/bachelor party and bachelorette party, or engagement party, as the primary focus is to raise money for the engaged couple, so their new life together is not started in debt.

The intent of a stag and doe party is specifically to make a profit.

Often, people who may not be close enough to the engaged couple to warrant an invitation to the wedding or reception (especially in the case of a small wedding), will be "tapped" to attend the stag and doe so as to be part of the overall wedding fundraising. Hosting a stag and doe party does not preclude the couple from participating in other wedding-related parties, such as a bridal shower, bachelor party, bachelorette party, and so on.

A popular stag and doe tradition is a toonie toss, which has guests toss toonies (CA$2 coins) at a Texas mickey (3L) bottle of liquor. The toss runs for some time until the Toonie closest to the bottle without making contact wins the bottle.

In Manitoba, in addition to purchasing entrance tickets, guests bid on silent auction prizes, participate in a 50-50 draw, and purchase liquor. Typical food at a Manitoba wedding social includes KUB bread, cold cuts, cheese cubes, and Timbits. Often the bridal or wedding shower is held the afternoon before the social. Other times, it is used as a fundraiser for the wedding itself and will be held a few weeks before the day of the wedding.

Other countries
An uncommon event borrowed from the tradition of Canada, and only held in small pockets of certain US States. Guests typically have to purchase a ticket to cover the costs of the event. Guests could be offered memorabilia such as an engraved cup with the couple's names and wedding date.

title: Stag and doe


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Usigni

Usigni is a village in Umbria, a frazione of the comune of Poggiodomo in the Province of Perugia a few hundred metres downstream from the source of the Tissino River. It is located at 1,001 m (3,284 ft) above sea‑level.

The once-fortified village is now insignificant, with only 13 inhabitants according to the 2001 census, but was the home town of Fausto Cardinal Poli, private secretary to Pope Urban VIII, and benefited from his public-spiritedness: the church of S. Salvatore built by Poli in around 1640 was richly decorated with stuccos and frescos by Guidobaldo Abatini and Salvi Castellucci. Usigni is also very proud of an elegant well-head of the same period, attributed by some to Bernini, which it has adopted as its symbol.

title: Usigni


text:
Talk:Canonical quantization

First vs. Second
I really suggest splitting this article into two; one on the canonical quantization of finite-dimensional systems, and one on inifinite-dimensional systmes (second quantization). Seems that most of your plans are for second quantization, e.g. the empty sections on amplitudes, perturbation theory.

Note also, re quantum mechanics, the quantization is an art, not a science. You have to guess correctly what a good set of canonical coords might be, you have to guess how to replace the poisson bracket by the commutator (see e.g. Moyal product); its not clear how to extend to higher order terms in h-bar. There are no prescriptions on how to make this stuff work, that's why I called it "ad hoc quantization" on the other talk page. Don't make it out to be cut-n-dried, its not. This is why we have an article on quantization to begin with. linas 15:13, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Equations
I think that is necessary, first above all, to write the equations in the proper latex typography. Then, I agree with the position of splitting the article. josemiotto 18:10, 3 Jul 2007 (Buenos Aires Time)

Style mods
I accept both your points and have suggestions for incorporating them:
 * The article on quantization is an overview and therefore describes what is known and what is open: as you had planned earlier. This leaves individual articles (like this) to make the more cut and dried presentation...
 * However, to alert the reader that there are open questions, in the history section, add pointers to developments which showed these difficulties.
 * Also add a section where one well-chosen example of each kind of problem is discussed, and lead from there back to the quantization article. From my perspective, I could discuss the Gribov problem here. You could add an example where there is an ambiguity in the choice of canonical coordinates.

I see that some of the points you are making here would also go into the articles canonical commutation relations, canonical conjugate variables and CCR/CAR algebra, where you have been making contributions. Perhaps it is also possible to pull those articles together into a single comprehensive one, where these points could be made. That would serve as the split that you suggest. (The reason it would be nice to keep the small section on QM here is that it adds to the discussion on QFT. It would be possible then to limit the size of this section here, and refer to the companion article for details.)

If this is acceptable, then this could set the pattern of the remaining pages as well. In particular, I can see that this pattern of exposition would apply to the lattice field theory and path integral articles. Bambaiah 05:38, Jun 7, 2005 (UTC)

 * Sure I guess. The only other comment is that the section called "Mathematical quantization" is about first quantization; having it appear after a long section on second quantization just sort-of buries it. Maybe the simple quantum mechanics intro you this article could be moved or copied to the intro for Quantization (physics) to provide a college level intro; and the section  "mathematical quantization",also moved back, as a more formal way of saying a similar thing.

 * For your enjoyment, two articles I've worked on/puzzled were Heisenberg group (which follows from the CCR) and a curious representation of the Heisenberg group by the theta functions. Theta functions lead directly into number theory, and the Heisenberg group is the prototypical example of sub-Riemannian geometry, where occasional interesting things happen (e.g. the Berry phase, if you remember that craze). linas 14:34, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Empty sections
The sections 'Computing amplitudes' and 'Renormalisation' seem to be empty. Are they going to be filled, or should they be deleted?

 * They've been sitting vacant quite a while. Delete them, they're easy enough to put back in. linas 23:19, 28 July 2005 (UTC)

Merge some material with another article?
There's a related article Creation and annihilation operators which might have some material better suited for this article... --HappyCamper 05:47, 31 July 2005 (UTC)

All other commutators vanish?
This says to me that [a_k, A] = 0 for arbitrary A != a_k^*. Should this perhaps say that [a_k^*, a_k'] = \delta_{k k'} and [a_k', a_k] = [a_k'^*, a_k^*] = 0 ? Or could A be any operator?

Some comments
replaced by commutators, ih/(2π)[q,p] = qp-pq = 1. maybe here one should make it more explicit that this is a property of the two operatoers used and not of the commutators in general.

The states of a quantum system can be labelled by the eigenvalues of any operator. This is mathematically incorrect, you cannot do this for any operator. The property of having eigenvalues and being able to express states by (infinte!) sums of eigenvectors is special to the operators used here. Although this may not be relevant to physics and the content of the article one should avoid false statements. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 217.216.48.51 (talk) 12:23, 2 March 2007 (UTC).

Expansion of scalar field quantization
I just added a major expansion of the scalar field section, which was necessary because a version of this material appeared elsewhere, under quartic interaction, where it really didn't belong. I cleaned that up significantly before moving it here. Also, the previous version was too short to be of much use, and contained some incorrect statements: for example, the field was shown as containing only creation operators, which is wrong. I also reworded the section affected by the previous complaint, since it has not been dealt with in some time, and appears valid. I also removed "we" constructions throughout, since these violate Wikipedia's style guide, and put requests for a couple of in-line references. More should be added, but the ones in the introduction are most critical. The introduction also contained some technical terms which were undefined and unnecessary for an understanding of the article, so I removed them. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.141.230.189 (talk) 17:41, 16 May 2010 (UTC)

Mathematical quantization?
The section on mathematical quantization section appears to be off-topic, although related. I think it confuses the issue of what is normally meant by canonical quantization. There is already an article on Weyl quantization, to which this material is more topical. My vote would be to remove it from here, add a cross-link to Weyl quantization, and perhaps add some explanatory notes there. But there is merit to this section being somewhere, so I don't want to remove it unilaterally. Perhaps the person who added it could find a better home? Dusty14 (talk) 14:26, 17 May 2010 (UTC)

Vacuum state
From the article: "A state |0> annihilated by the Hamiltonian must be identified as the vacuum state, which is the basis for building all other states." Is that all there is to say about the vacuum state in this article? A state that MUST be identified as such??? Haha, it all sounds very unscientific.

title: Talk:Canonical quantization


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AWA World Light Heavyweight Championship

The AWA World Light Heavyweight Championship was a title in the American Wrestling Association (AWA) from 1981 until it closed in 1991. In 1989, the Japan-based Frontier Martial-Arts Wrestling (FMW) promotion began billing Florida Championship Wrestling/Professional Wrestling Federation champion Jim Backlund as the AWA champion, something not acknowledged by the AWA; the title became FMW's lower weight division title. From 1988 through the closure of the AWA in 1991, there were two separate lineages, with the FMW version of the championship being sometimes referred to as the FMW World Light Heavyweight Championship. In 1992, FMW renamed the title to the WWA World Martial Arts Junior Heavyweight Championship before retiring it in 1993.


text:
Category:Mass media in Russia

See also Category:Mass media in the Soviet Union

title: Category:Mass media in Russia


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Sofiul Azam

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 06:40, Jun 18, 2005 (UTC)

Sofiul Azam
Vanity page for self-promotion. Google returns a few hits all of which are user-created profiles of himself, and the text is exactly the same as here. Non-notable, unknown poet. Ragib 15:13, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete --Xcali 16:38, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity/promo. --Etacar11 20:21, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. See creator's entry on Vandalism in progress about Rajshahi University edits. Dralwik 21:18, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


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Tokyo Gakugei University

Tokyo Gakugei University (東京学芸大学, Tōkyō gakugei daigaku) is a national university in Koganei, Tokyo. Founded in 1873, it was chartered as a university in 1949. It is also known as Gakudai (学大) and TGU, for short.

In addition to its Koganei campus, it also maintains a number of attached public schools offering curricula in elementary, secondary, and special education at various locations in the greater Tokyo area. The university has a strong reputation in education-related fields, playing a national role in the development of educational policy and innovations in teacher education.

History
Tokyo Gakugei University was founded in 1873. It was formally chartered as a university in 1949 through the merging of four teacher-training institutions.

In 1966, the Graduate School of Tokyo Gakugei University was established, and since 1996 it has offered Doctoral degrees in the education field as part of a coalition of educational institutions that include Chiba University, Saitama University, and Yokohama National University.

In recent years, Tokyo Gakugei University has developed programs to better accommodate professional school teachers, including evening and short-term courses. The university also houses a number of national research centres in education-related fields.

Faculties

 * Tokyo-Gakugei-univ.jpg Course: The department of Elementary school's teacher training
 * B Course: The department of Junior high school and high school's teacher training
 * C Course: The department of Special school's teacher training
 * L Course: The department of Long-Life Studying
 * N Course: The department of Human Welfare Studying
 * K Course: The department of International Understanding and Education
 * F Course: The department of Environmentalogy
 * J Course: The department of Information Studying
 * G Course: The department of Art and Cultural Studies

Notable alumni and affiliates

 * Keiko Abe, marimbist
 * Mamoru Oshii, filmmaker
 * Ichiro Saito, conductor
 * Satoko Inoue, pianist
 * David Hebert, musician/musicologist
 * Eric Van Hove, contemporary artist
 * Yasuko Muramatsu, president (2010 to 2014)
 * Yoshiyuki Yoshida, Judoka/professional mixed martial artist
 * Hideki Kuriyama, baseball manager

title: Tokyo Gakugei University


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Temple of Shadows

Temple of Shadows is the fifth studio and a concept album by the power metal band Angra and was released in 2004 by Paradoxx Music in Brazil and SPV label Steamhammer in the rest of the world. SPV also released a limited edition containing a bonus DVD with the complete video material of the concert that was previously released on their album Rebirth World Tour – Live in São Paulo. The record was classified as the 21st best power metal album of all time by the metal magazine Loudwire.

Story
The 13 tracks tell a story written by guitarist Rafael Bittencourt about the life of a crusader in the 11th century - known as The Shadow Hunter - questioning the ideals of the Catholic Church.

 * "Deus Le Volt!", Spread Your Fire: The story starts as a man, later named the Shadow Hunter, is chosen by God as a Jewish Rabbi tells him his fate.
 * "Angels and Demons": As he accepts his destiny, the Shadow Hunter goes off to spread a new belief, against the teachings of the Catholic Church, who define him as a heretic.
 * "Waiting Silence": As time passes, the Shadow Hunter falls in love with a Muslim lady and has two sons. He is conflicted by his choice between filling out his destiny or living a normal life. As his anxiety builds, the Crusaders of the Roman Catholic Church attack the city the family lives in.
 * "Wishing Well": Completely separate from the coming battle, this vignette carries through the Shadow Hunter's mind, as the Rabbi's voice constantly replays itself, telling him "No matter where you throw your coins, whether it be in a church or a well, it's your faith! If there is a God, he has no home: He is everywhere!"
 * "Temple of Hate": Jerusalem is stormed by an army of the Holy Roman Church, in correspondence with the real event occurring in July 1099, and overcome with their zeal for Christianity, annihilate every single inhabitant. The Shadow Hunter's wife and two children are killed in this attack. The Reign of Jerusalem was founded upon the fanatic, intolerant and ignorant ideals of The Temple of Hate, against the will of those who lived in the Holy Land before their invasion.

"'The entire population of the Holy city was put to the sword, Jews as well as Muslims, 70,000 men, women and children perished in a holocaust which raged for three days. In places men waded in blood up to their ankles and horsemen were splashed by it as they rode through the streets. Weeping, these devout conquerors went barefoot to pray at the Holy Sepulcher before rushing eagerly back to the slaughter.' - Desmond Sweard, The Monks of War."

 * "The Shadow Hunter": The Shadow Hunter continues his travels and runs across a Gypsy prostitute. Instead of giving him pleasure, she reads him cards, telling him love will drag him from his path. The Shadow Hunter, seeking answers to questions that plague him, is even more baffled by the woman. At this point, he also discovers the death of his family.
 * "No Pain for the Dead": Continuing from the previous song, The Shadow Hunter buries his family, overcome with loss and sadness, but is comforted by knowing they are free from mortal suffering and emotions. He then questions whether all this has been worth doing.
 * "Winds of Destination": Some time passes and he ends up in the assault of Xerigordon Fortress, held up by Kilij Arslan. During the conquest of Xerigordon Fortress, The Shadow Hunter is injured and has to run away to escape from the troops of Kilij Arslan. Losing blood, he collapses before getting back to Constantinople. While unconscious, he dreams about the lost scrolls hidden in the ruins of the Temple of Solomon and inside lost caves by the Dead Sea.
 * "Sprouts of Time": The Shadow Hunter starts a new religion, gathering people around him to spread the truth revealed for him. Words of peace and love were sown like seeds in the hearts of the wise, but fruitlessly dropped on the rocky soil of the hearts of the blind. The future is a consequence of what we do now. The present exposes the Sprouts of Time to everyone. It is unclear whether this actually happens, or if he is hallucinating this event, as the next song states that he is just waking up.
 * "Morning Star": When he wakes up, two Muslim men are carrying him away on a type of hammock hanging on a long piece of wood. Weak and frightened, he can't react. Right above his head, while the sun is dawning, the Morning Star shines in the new day's sky. The six-pointed star presents a cross and the trident together as one. He understands the first sign given to him by the Rabbi as the wolves are howling. At that very moment, the first prophecy is accomplished. He will find out later that the two men are brothers. Inside, their sister, named Laura, will tend to his wounds. As he finds strength to move again, the Shadow Hunter waits for dawn as it seems the Morning Star is giving him the chance to decide whether he lives or dies.
 * "Late Redemption": On his deathbed, whether it is immediately after this or some time in the future, the Shadow Hunter is still in doubt about the long journey which has brought him here; he remains beset by the questions: "Was I right? Was I wrong?" Memories and thoughts twist his mind. As death approaches, the Hunter is visited by angels - or are they demons? Who knows? How can the purest heart judge evil? The Angel of Death stretches his arms and offers a comfortable eternal silence. The Shadow Hunter delivers his body and soul, sure of his Late Redemption.
 * "Gate XIII" is an orchestral instrumental, reprising riffs, progressions, and other musical themes from many of the other songs, symbolizing that as life lives by taking the lives of others, one life ends, more life begins. The snake eats its tail.

Personnel

 * Edu Falaschi – lead vocals
 * Kiko Loureiro – guitars, keyboards
 * Rafael Bittencourt – guitars, keyboards, backing vocals
 * Felipe Andreoli – bass, backing vocals
 * Aquiles Priester – drums, percussion

 * Technical staff
 * Dennis Ward – producer, recorder, engineer, mixing
 * Jürgen Lusky – mastering

Guest appearances
The album is featured by several guest musicians:
 * Fábio Laguna – keyboards, orchestration on track 11
 * Sabine Edelsbacher of Edenbridge – co-lead vocals on No Pain for the Dead, backing vocals on Spread Your Fire
 * Kai Hansen of Helloween and Gamma Ray – co-lead vocals on The Temple of Hate
 * Hansi Kürsch of Blind Guardian – co-lead vocals on Winds of Destination
 * Milton Nascimento – co-lead vocals on Late Redemption

Additional information

 * Gate XIII is not in promotional releases, but it is part of the album.

title: Temple of Shadows


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Talk:Non-Bahá'í

Do we need this article
Hmm. Christian, when I first came across this page, my immediate reaction was to nominate it for deletion. I'm not sure this word, and its usage in Baha'i circles is important enough to warrent an article - surely this should be a paragraph in the main article, or part of some other article. It's only because it's you, and I know you've got good intentions that I'm hesitating about that. PaulHammond 15:14, Jun 6, 2005 (UTC)

Mmm, I'm not so sure. It is sufficiently part of Baha'i discourse, inasmuch as key figures within the Baha'i faith have made comments at conferences, and there is a language shift under way, albeit sub-conciously. The main reason for putting it here is that given the inclusiveness of the Baha'i Faith, the whole non-Baha'i phrasology ends up creating (in some people's view) an inside-outside dichotomy. While there is such a dichotomy, it is of decreasing practical value, since there are very few Baha'i activities in which a non-Baha'i cannot participate.

Possibly a re-name to "Inclusion and Exclusion in the Baha'i Faith" might be better, and this point can be a sub-point in a larger article on the topic. There is certainly an exclusivity with respect to Baha'i belief that the Manifestation of God is the only reliable means to know God. This wouldn't rule out the validity of nature religions, but necessarily suggests that nature itself is not sufficient, and that Baha'is consider Pagan and Neo-pagan beliefs to be "missing something", however commendable some Baha'is may otherwise find them. Likewise with the Sufi path, etc... Also, there are grave consequences for those who learn about Baha'u'llah and reject him from a spiritual perspective. However, even such people are not rejected by the Baha'i Community, and are still welcomed into their activities. So it seems like an important issue. i was looking at a smaller piece of it that came up recently in conversation. Thoughts? -- Christian Edward Gruber 15:43, 2005 Jun 6 (UTC)

 * I think that this is perhaps worthy of the dictionary, but not an encyclopedia. Peter Smith's A Concise Encyclopedia of the Bahá'í Faith does not have an entry for example.

 * Jeff3000, Cuñado and I are trying to beef up the "References" sections of several of these articles. We drew lots and I got this page. Blimey, but I can't find formal references for much of anything on this page that doesn't belong on other pages.

 * We use "non-Bahá'í" the same way Jews use "gentile" or Christians use "non-Christian". While they think that they are on the "right path" themselves, they are no more likely to be perjorative in that usage than we are, so I don't see the need to pen an apologia.

 * I think that the page should be deleted, and I'm already de-linking this from several articles. MARussellPESE 05:20, 5 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree that it should be deleted. -LambaJan 19:38, 6 March 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Non-Bahá'í


text: Category:Mass media in Switzerland

title: Category:Mass media in Switzerland


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User:Stewartjohnson

Hi. I'm a bloke from Australia.

You can find out more about me on my website.

title: User:Stewartjohnson


text:
Pehr Löfling

Pehr Löfling (31 January 1729 – 22 February 1756) was a Swedish botanist and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus.

Biography
Löfling was born in Tolvfors Bruk, Gävle, Sweden. He studied at the University of Uppsala where he attended courses taught by Carl Linnaeus. When the Spanish ambassador asked Linnaeus to select a botanist for service in the American colonies, the professor at once named Loefling. He went to Spain in 1751 to learn Spanish, and then embarked with other scientists for South America in February 1754. The Treaty of Madrid (13 January 1750) had fixed the colonial borders of Spain and Portugal. In Cumaná, Venezuela (then a Spanish colony) Löfling joined a project to demarcate the border with Brazil, the Expedicion de Limites al Orinoco. He was put in charge of a natural history department evaluating the resources of the region. Assisted by two young Spanish doctors, he was involved in the expedition for the remainder of his life.

He died in a remote mission San Antonio de Caroni, on the banks of the Caroní River near the modern city of Ciudad Guayana, Venezuela. His death was considered a great loss to natural history, and especially to botany. Linnæus believed the loss irreparable. The manuscripts of Löfling, which were found after his death, were preserved by his two assistants.

Legacy
In 1753, Linnæus used the name Loeflingia for the genus of some plants in the family Caryophyllaceae, one species of which grows in Spain and the other in Spanish America. Then in 1923, Sprague published Pehria, a monotypic genus of plant from South America in family Lythraceae and also named after Löfling. Parque Löefling in Ciudad Guayana, Venezuela is named after him. The park includes a zoo.

Publications
Linnæus posthumously published his Iter Hispanicum, eller resa til Spanska Länderna uti Europa och America 1751 til 1756 in 1758.

title: Pehr Löfling


text:
Constant maturity swap

A constant maturity swap (CMS) is a swap that allows the purchaser to fix the duration of received flows on a swap.

The floating leg of an interest rate swap typically resets against a published index. The floating leg of a constant maturity swap fixes against a point on the swap curve on a periodic basis.

A constant maturity swap is an interest rate swap where the interest rate on one leg is reset periodically, but with reference to a market swap rate rather than LIBOR. The other leg of the swap is generally LIBOR, but may be a fixed rate or potentially another constant maturity rate. Constant maturity swaps can either be single currency or cross currency swaps. Therefore, the prime factor for a constant maturity swap is the shape of the forward implied yield curves. A single currency constant maturity swap versus LIBOR is similar to a series of differential interest rate fixes (or "DIRF") in the same way that an interest rate swap is similar to a series of forward rate agreements. Valuation of constant maturity swaps depend on volatilities of different forward rates and therefore requires a stochastic yield curve model or some approximated methodology like a convexity adjustment, see for example Brigo and Mercurio (2006).

Example
A customer believes that the six-month LIBOR rate will fall relative to the three-year swap rate for a given currency. To take advantage of this curve steepening, he buys a constant maturity swap paying the six-month LIBOR rate and receiving the three-year swap rate.

title: Constant maturity swap


text:
Luna (TV series)

Luna was a British children's science fiction TV comedy show produced by Central Television for the ITV network which ran for two series in 1983 and 1984. The first series was recorded at the former ATV studios in Elstree, the second at their Nottingham facility.

Premise
Luna was also the name used by the show's two central characters, the first played by Patsy Kensit (1st series) and a replacement by Joanna Wyatt (2nd series). Luna was co-written by Colin Prockter and Colin Bennett; Bennett also acted in it. The show was created and produced by Micky Dolenz of the pop group the Monkees. Dolenz said that the idea for Luna dated back to the late sixties and was based on his daughter Ami; the idea only came into being after he had met Colin Bennett in Hollywood. The character 80H was played by Roy Macready  and U2 by Bob Goody.

The show was about the domestic life of an eccentric family group set in the year 2040 in sector 80 of a colony named the Efficicity, although in the setting the characters are not in fact biologically related but assigned to shared living quarters by the bureaucracy. Parts of the setting were decidedly dystopic; in the first episode, Luna is threatened with execution for having lost her citizen's identity card.

A distinctive feature of the show was the language of "techno-talk", used by all of the characters and described as an alternative version of English that had emerged to make it easier for computers to understand human speech. Techno-talk was characterised by the formation of new words from stems that already existed in regular spoken English. It also had echoes of George Orwell's Newspeak, albeit that it had been created for a different purpose. For example, the characters live in a "habiviron" (from habitat and environment); similarly, school is "eduviron"; a child is a "diminibeing" (abbreviated to "dimini") and "regrets!" and "gratitudes!" replace "sorry" and "thank you".

The first season was repeated in the weeks immediately prior the broadcast of the second season, but the programme has not been repeated since then.

Characters

 * Luna (1st season: 72-batch-19Y) - a female "diminibeing". Luna is kind and demure; having been raised in a "dimini colony", she knows very little about the old world but is curious to learn about it and keen to fit in with the others. Andy likes her for the "civilising influence" she brings to the habiviron. Luna was given her name by Andy, because she asked for one; Andy chose it because she was "batched" on the moon.
 * Luna (2nd season) a different character from the above, intended as a replacement - the original Luna has left and so the habiviron is assigned a new diminifemale at the start of the second season, but she adopts the same name as her predecessor. Although equally as kind-hearted as her predecessor, she has a somewhat less demure and more lively and outgoing personality.
 * Brat (3G-batch-19Y) - a geeky male diminibeing. Brat is younger than Luna, and extremely intelligent and technical; he can fix most of the machines in the habiviron if necessary. Unfortunately, he is also extremely spoiled and selfish; he has made attempts to have both Andy and Luna replaced (Andy with a newer model android and Luna with a male diminibeing) and Jazzmine returned to her abusive owner the Clunkman. He is also ignorant about the old world, but unlike Luna, he actively refuses to learn about it or co-operate with the adults; he even persistently insists on using code numbers to identify the other characters (calling Luna "72" and Andy "CB"). Brat was given his name by Gramps during one of their arguments; neither he nor Luna actually knows what the word means. He does eventually bond with both Luna and Jazzmine when each turns out to be proficient in his favourite computer game Laser Blaser Phasers and later starts to rebel against 80H by playing pranks on him.
 * Gramps (WB1889U) - an aging punk, and the original inhabitant of Habiviron Jo-Y. He grew up in the old world and often has difficulty understanding the other characters' use of techno-talk, which he hardly ever uses himself (Andy generally translates for him). He does not particularly like having to share his habiviron with diminibeings, but tolerates them regardless. He has a large stash of old world artifacts (such as teapots, rubik cubes, Monopoly games, etc.) in his bedroom, which are now considered illegal. He never uses code numbers, and cannot even remember his own; he introduces himself to Brat and Luna as "Gramps".
 * Andy (CB1979D) - the habiviron's malfunction-prone android. Andy is an outdated model of android; the habiviron is entitled to receive a newer one, but Gramps keeps Andy around since he knows Andy will tolerate his "inefficient" ways. Andy is familiar with the old world, and frequently quotes from Shakespeare or other historical literature, which most of the other characters (even Gramps) don't recognize. Andy was given his name by Gramps, because he is an android; he also uses the name "CB".
 * Mother (1984726SD) - the habiviron's computer, who runs all the standard functions of the habiviron and keeps Andy charged. Mother is Andy's nickname for her, she hates it.
 * Jazzmine - Luna's alien pet; a "little simple" (from the planet Sim). Luna rescued Jazzmine from mistreatment at the hands of a travelling junk trader. Although unable to speak human language (although Luna appears to understand her and sometimes her meaning is implied with tone of voice), Jazzmine can perform some complex tasks, and has healing powers.
 * 80H - the sector "bureaubeing". 80H is in charge of the whole sector, including resource allocation and law enforcement, and has ultimate power (including the power of life and death) over every being in Sector 80 of the Efficicity. He's addressed as "your burificence" and his arrival at the habiviron is always proceeded by a fanfare provided by Mother; he wears a shiny black suit with a black full-face helmet and speaks in a harsh ring-modulated voice. Underneath the helmet, though, is a regular, balding and stressed-out office worker; he finds the helmet uncomfortable and only wears it when required by official business. 80H is in fact quite kindly (albeit somewhat of a jobsworth) and, like most of the adult characters, remembers and has a certain amount of affection for the old world; unfortunately, the demands of his employers ("the central bureaubureau") often conflict with this. Many of the other adult characters appear to have known him in the old world, and still use his old name ("Sid"), which he hates.
 * 40D - 80H's ditzy assistant (1st season).
 * 32C - 80H's assistant (2nd season).

Converted songs
Many of the episodes of Luna feature "techno talk" versions of classic or music hall songs. These include:

 * I belong to 3540 (I Belong to Glasgow) and Maybe it's because I'm a 3540er (Maybe it's because I'm a Londoner), sung by the Clunkman in 1.2.
 * I do like to be beside the Saline (I Do Like To be Beside the Seaside) and We're Porting along on a Tidal Displacement (We're Riding Along on the Crest of a Wave), sung by the whole group in 1.5.

title: Luna (TV series)


text:
Grumman F2F

The Grumman F2F was a single-engine, biplane fighter aircraft with retractable undercarriage, serving as the standard fighter for the United States Navy between 1936 and 1940. It was designed for both carrier- and land-based operations.

Design and development
Grumman's success with the two-seat FF-1, which was significantly faster than even the single-seat fighters of its time, resulted in a contract for the single-seat XF2F-1. Armed with two 0.30 in machine guns above the cowl, the new design also incorporated watertight compartments to reduce weight and improve survivability in the event of a water landing. The prototype first flew on 18 October 1933, equipped with the experimental 625 hp XR-1534-44 Twin Wasp Junior radial engine, and reached a top speed of 229 mph at 8400 ft – 22 mph faster than the FF-1 at the same altitude. Maneuverability also proved superior to the earlier two-seat aircraft.

Operational history
The Navy ordered 54 F2F-1 fighters on 17 May 1934, with the first aircraft delivered 19 January 1935. One additional aircraft (BuNo 9997) was ordered to replace one which crashed on 16 March 1935, bringing the total to 55, with the final F2F-1 delivered on 2 August 1935. The F2F-1 had a relatively long service life for the time, serving in front-line squadrons from 1935 to late 1939, when squadrons began to receive the F3F-3 as a replacement. By September 1940, the F2F had been completely replaced in fighter squadrons and was relegated to training and utility duties. The last F2F-1s were stricken from the list of naval aircraft in early 1943.

Variants

 * XF2F-1
 * United States Navy designation for the Grumman Model G-8 prototype with a 625 hp XR-1534-44 Twin Wasp Junior radial engine, one built

 * F2F-1
 * Production variant with a 700 hp R-1535-72 Twin Wasp Junior radial engine, 55 built

Operators

 * United States Navy
 * VF-2B
 * VF-3B
 * VF-5B
 * VB-5B
 * VF-2
 * VF-5
 * VF-7
 * NAS Seattle
 * NAS Coco Solo
 * NAS Alameda
 * NAS Pearl Harbor
 * United States Marine Corps
 * VF-4M
 * VMF-2
 * VMF-2

title: Grumman F2F


text:
User talk:Disciple~enwiki

=clarifications about a removed link= Thanks for contacting me to clear things up. I'm sorry I assumed you were the author of the sites, but never the less posting the same link to nine articles is still poor form. (WP:NOT) Also, since you were anonymous at the time, I assumed you were one of the many link spammers that popup from time to time. To quote (External links) "Fan sites: On articles about topics with many fansites, including a link to one major fansite is appropriate". Since this is the English language wikipedia, a major English fan site would be more appropriate. --JiFish(Talk/Contrib) 15:20, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Disciple. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Disciple~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 23:30, 19 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 12:11, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Disciple~enwiki


text:
File:Dave Greenfield and Jean Jacques Burnel - Fire And Water album cover.jpg

Licensing
Original UK release album cover - album covers are fair use. Picture scanned by me Ian Dunster from original UK LP album.


text:
1929–30 in Swedish football

The 1929-30 season in Swedish football, starting August 1929 and ending July 1930:

Division 2 Norra 1929–30

Norra

Södra

National team results
🇸🇪 Sweden: Anders Rydberg - Douglas Krook, Gunnar Zacharoff - Allan Billing, Åke Hansson, Helge Liljebjörn - Charles Brommesson, Gunnar Olsson, Harry Lundahl, Albin Dahl, Knut Kroon.

🇸🇪 Sweden: Sigfrid Lindberg - Herbert Lundgren, Sven Andersson - Ernst Östlund, Arthur Bengtsson, Helge Liljebjörn - John Nilsson, Gunnar Rydberg, Filip Johansson, Tore Keller, Knut Kroon.

🇸🇪 Sweden: Sigfrid Lindberg - Herbert Lundgren, Sven Andersson - Ernst Östlund, Arthur Bengtsson, Helge Liljebjörn - John Nilsson, Sven Rydell, Per Kaufeldt, Filip Johansson, Knut Kroon.

🇸🇪 Sweden: Sigfrid Lindberg - Nils Axelsson, Sven Andersson - Walfrid Persson, Nils Rosén, Nils Nilsson - John Nilsson, Gunnar Olsson, Harry Lundahl, Albin Dahl, Knut Kroon.

🇸🇪 Sweden: Evert Jansson - Ivan Rosenberg, Erik Lager - Walfrid Persson, Thure Svensson, Einar Snitt - Gösta Dunker, Arvid Thörn, John Sundberg, Axel Nilsson, Knut Johansson.

🇸🇪 Sweden: Evert Jansson - Ivan Rosenberg, Erik Lager - Walfrid Persson, Thure Svensson, Einar Snitt - Gösta Dunker, Arvid Thörn ( Ernst Lööf), John Sundberg, Axel Nilsson, Knut Johansson.

title: 1929–30 in Swedish football


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Rhys lloyd

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 08:15, Jun 17, 2005 (UTC)

Rhys lloyd
Rhys Lloyd? Who? This article was created by User:Rhyslloyd who has only one edit since May. Toytoy 07:11, Jun 7, 2005 (UTC)

This page now becomes even worse. -- Toytoy 14:27, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete. Vanity. -- Toytoy 15:26, Jun 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy userfy --Xcali 19:01, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't think it is proper to userfy the content. I can register "User:SmallStarletOfHollywood" and create an article for "SmallStarletOfHollywood" but that might not be my true identity. -- Toytoy 03:37, Jun 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete or Userfy vanity. --Etacar11 01:42, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity. JamesBurns 05:43, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity. --Takver 03:07, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
Talk:College Jeanne-Sauve

Can somebody please rename title of the page to Collège Jeanne-Sauvé because nobody can find it in the search.
 * It's now at the most common spelling, with redirects from the other two alternate forms to faciliate Search. Niteowlneils 16:49, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

The correct name for the school however, is Collège Jeanne-Sauvé. It doesn't matter what's more popular.--Madison Gray 29 June 2005 19:32 (UTC)

title: Talk:College Jeanne-Sauve


text:
Talk:Adobe PageMaker

Current version
The current version is PageMaker 7.0, released July 9, 2001, though updates have been released for the two supported platforms since. If updates have been released since, then how is it the current version? --Galaxiaad 15:26, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

It's been updated from 7.0 to 7.0.1 and 7.0.1a.

http://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/product.jsp?product=34&platform=Windows

http://www.adobe.com/support/downloads/product.jsp?product=34&platform=Macintosh

Typical Adobe update schedule. Release a major version then release one "point" update and maybe a minor update to the update. Next release another major version update, no matter how many problems are left in the previous version, never release another update to the previous version.

About the only Adobe product to break from that was Photoshop 5.0, which did get updated to 5.0.2 before the release of 5.5, which had only minor updates for its web gallery plugin, an HTML patch for working with ImageReady 2.0 and an update for the Tour and Training. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 208.186.114.230 (talk) 2005-12-15T13:08:48 (UTC)

AMX Pagemaker
Just wondering why searching for Pagemaker on wiki doesn't find AMX pagemaker (http://www.owonder.com/pagemaker_bbc/index.php) which claims to be the first DTP program? I can only find reference to this one by Adobe?

ZhuLien (talk) 10:39, 1 November 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified
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title: Talk:Adobe PageMaker


text:
Sinus Fidei

Sinus Fidei (Latin sinus fideī "Bay of Trust") is a small basaltic mare feature in the north of Mare Vaporum on the Moon.

title: Sinus Fidei


text: Category:Porto

title: Category:Porto


text:
Talk:Blackbuck

Name
Should this not be at Blackbuck? — Pekinensis 15:28, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

reason for image change
The previous picture had some diagonistic feature. The new one has all the feature as well as both male and females in he same shot.

Awesome!
"Local names for the species include Kala hiran, Sasin, Iralai Maan and Krishna Jinka"

This is cool! I wish more articles had local names and such. :D 71.217.98.158 06:27, 23 February 2007 (UTC)

Request For Addition Of a Video
This is a request to the administrators to add a video on youtube about a "White Black Buck" conserved at IIT Madras,India.I believe that black buck is the only found animal of its kind. The URL of the video is : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gohKX5cv8PQ. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Neshmailsu (talk • contribs) 13:42, 26 March 2010 (UTC)

Endangered but low risk?
The article states both, which is it? --76.100.18.78 (talk) 06:39, 29 March 2009 (UTC)
 * Seems like this combination is possible but the IUCN status is NT as indicated. The numbers are low, but they are traditionally protected by people hence the low risk, perhaps. Shyamal (talk) 06:44, 29 March 2009 (UTC)

Hunter's POV?
IMHO it would be more interesting to know what the size and weight of a blackbuck is than knowing at what length a horn is regarded as a trophy or what the cost of hunting the blackbuck in a game reserve in the US is...

Allan Akbar (talk) 18:52, 22 June 2009 (UTC)

Speed Record
Cervicapres antelopes are almost also fast as cheetahs, with a 85 km/h (53 mph) average on 1,5 kilometers speed and a peak in 110 km/h (70 mph) on 300 meters. In comparison, the fastest cheetah, in him record of 95 km/h (59 mph) on average 500 meters with a point to 120 km/h (75 mph) on 100 meters. The cheetah is higher on legs and longer, than her. I find stupid to put 120 in the cheetah and 85 in the antelope Blackbuck, needs to know about what we speak, 80 and the average speed of the cervicapre, his record peak is good in 110 km/h. Antelopes are the fastest animals with the cheetah.

Other the example; the lion and the zebra are both 57 km/h (35 mph) on average on a sprint and sharp 80 km/h (50 mph), while they are less fast than his antelopes. The record of Nowak is not false but it is a question of the average speed of the sprint, ca would be good to specify it, because cause of it has everybody mixs everything, and finally we do not know any more exactly which is the fastest. Thank you for your understanding.. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Angel310 (talk • contribs) 10:34, 10 August 2012 (UTC)

On average blackbucks are peaks speed of 90 to 110 km/h (56-70 mph) depending on the individuals ! --Angel310 (talk) 14:49, 10 October 2012 (UTC)

Images
Although the images are high-quality and certainly add to the article, I can't help but notice that (with the legacy vector skin on my desktop, at least) they're cluttered along the right edge of the page and aren't located near relevant sections of the article. I'm wondering if it may be preferable to move some of the images to a gallery at the end of the page to avoid clutter. — SamX [talk • contribs] 17:43, 10 February 2023 (UTC)

 * Since nobody objected, I decided to go ahead with the change. Feel free to revert if you disagree, obviously. — SamX [talk • contribs] 03:44, 11 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Blackbuck


text:
Index of forestry articles

Articles on forestry topics include:.

A
Afforestation - Aldo Leopold - Analog forestry - Ancient woodland - Angle gauge - Appalachian balds - Arboriculture - Arborist - Forestry in Argentina - Assarting

B
Backpacking (hiking) - Forestry in Bangladesh - Bernard Fernow - Forestry in Bhutan - Biltmore Forest School - Biltmore stick - Biochar - Biscuit Fire publication controversy - Bog-wood - Borderline tree - Botany - Bottomland hardwood forest - British timber trade - Buchonia - Buffer strip

C
Caliper - Canopy research - Canopy walkway - Carl A. Schenck - Cellulosic ethanol - Certified wood - Forestry in Chad - Charcoal - Clearcutting - Clinometer - CODIT - Community forestry - Conservation biology - Coppicing - Cork - Creosote - Cultigen - Cultivar - Cultblock

D
Deforestation - Deforestation during the Roman period - Dendrochronology - Desertification - Diameter tape - Drunken trees

E
Ecoforestry - Ecological succession - Ecological thinning - Ecological yield - Eloise Gerry - Energy forestry - Forestry in Ethiopia - Exploration Logging - Extended rotation forest

F
Faustmann's Formula - Firewood - Forbidden Forest - Forest dwellers - Forest fire - Forest farming, the ecosystem approach to forest management - Forest fragmentation - Forest governance - Forest history - Forest interpretation - Forest management - Forest policy - Forest politics - Forest Principles - Forest produce - Forest protection - Forest ranger - Forest transition - Forester - Forestry - Forestry agencies - Forestry education - Forestry journals

G
Georg Ludwig Hartig - Forestry in Ghana - Gifford Pinchot - Girard form class - Girdling - Green Chain

H
Hand compass - Hardwood timber production - Hemispherical photography - Hendre-Dru Tramway - High forest (woodland) - High grading - Historic schools of forestry - Historical Logging Switchback Railway in Vychylovka - History of the New York State College of Forestry - Franklin B. Hough - Hotshot crew - Hydro axe mulching

I
Illegal logging - Increment borer - Independent Forest Monitoring - Forestry in India - Interception (water) - International Society of Tropical Foresters - International Year of Forests

J
Forestry in Japan - Jewish National Fund - Joint Forest Management - Journals

K
Károly Bund - Kerry Tramway - Krummholz

L
Forestry in Laos - Leaf Area Index - Limbing - Line plot survey - Living stump - Log bridge - Log bucking - Log driver - Log scaler - Logging - Lumber - Lumberjack - Lumberjack sports - Lumberjack World Championship

M
Management of Pacific Northwest riparian forests - Mean annual increment - Micropropagation - Multiple Use - Sustained Yield Act of 1960

N
Nalini Nadkarni - New York State College of Forestry - New Zealand Journal of Forestry - Non-timber forest product - Northwest Forest Plan

O
Old growth forest - Optimal rotation age

P
Pacing - Paper - Patch cut - Periodic annual increment - Pollarding - Pruning - Pulp and paper industry - Pulp and paper industry in Canada - Pulp and paper industry in Europe - Pulp and paper industry in Japan - Pulp and paper industry in the United States - Pulpwood

R
Rainforest - Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation - Reforestation - Relascope - Research institutes - Restoration ecology - Riparian buffer - Robert Marshall - Royal Saxon Academy of Forestry - Natural rubber - Rubber tapper

S
Sakari Pinomäki - Salvage logging - Sawdust - Sawmill - Scleroderris canker - Secondary forest - Selection cutting - Shelterwood cutting - Short rotation coppice - Short rotation forestry - Shredding (tree pruning technique) - Silviculture - Site index - Site tree - Slash-and-char - Harry A. Slattery - Smokejumper - Snag - Softwood - Stand Density Index - Stand density management diagram - Stemflow - Stephen C. Sillett - Stihl Timbersports Series - Stump harvesting - Stumpage - Sustainable forest management - Kenneth Dupee Swan

T
Tall oil - Tall Timbers Research Station and Land Conservancy - Tar - Technical schools - Thinning - Throughfall - Timber - Timber rafting - Timberjack - Timberlands West Coast Limited - Town forest - Tree - Tree inventory - Tree preservation order - Tree shelter - Tree stump - Tree taper - Treethanol - Treeplanting - Turpentine - Types of formally designated forests

U
Forestry in Uganda - United Nations Forum on Forests - Universities and colleges - Urban forest - Urban forestry - Urban reforestation

V
Variable retention harvesting - Veteran tree - Volume table

W
Wedge prism - Whip (tree) - Wildfire - Windbreak - Windthrow - Wood - Wood chopping - Wood fuel - Wood management - Wood pellet - Wood processing - Woodchipping in New Zealand - Woodland management - Woodlot - Woodsman - Theodore Salisbury Woolsey, Jr. - World forestry - World Logging Championship

Z
Raphael Zon

title: Index of forestry articles


text: Category:Menyanthaceae

title: Category:Menyanthaceae