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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/SEAL Team Six and MARESFAC

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 08:17, Jun 17, 2005 (UTC)

SEAL Team Six and MARESFAC
Useless article, as information on these two groups should go on their own pages. This is not a title people are likely to link to. Delete SeventyThree 19:27, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Vegaswikian 06:44, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Kaibabsquirrel 06:14, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text: User talk:69.76.218.105

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:69.76.218.105


text:
User talk:Cereffusion

Be warned...
Wikipedia is just like OKP...except it's almost all white instead of black, and they try to hit you at the intellectual level instead of the popularity level. Ha, ha; just joking. Wikipedians typically know jack about black music & culture, so more OKPs need to write here. --FuriousFreddy 19:29, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free media (Image:Fplogo.png)
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title: User talk:Cereffusion


text:
Talk:Joseph Kasa-Vubu

Kasa Vubu vs. Kasavubu
"Kasa Vubu"? I have never seen it written that way. Can I move to Joseph Kasavubu? john k 19:29, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I too have only seen it written as one word, but for all I know that may be an incorrect Western convention. Everyking 19:37, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * The correct spelling is Kasa Vubu. During the time of the overthrow of Prime Minister Lumumba of Congo(DRC), the UN often used the spelling of Kasavubu, and since it was the UN everyone assumed it was correct. During the 60s the UN was off on a lot of things in the Congo:) Seanh 23:32, July 12, 2005 (UTC)

 * The correct spelling is Kasa-Vubu

 * Can anyone provide a source for this contention? john k 18:53, 9 March 2007 (UTC)
 * Oxford University Press - see cite in article. --Bejnar (talk) 21:55, 13 June 2014 (UTC)
 * See his daughter's books too, I've added them to the "Further reading". You'd think she'd know how to spell her own name! Brigade Piron (talk) 22:14, 13 June 2014 (UTC)

President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo?
Would it not be more correct to say;

"first president of the Congo (now the Democratic Republic of the Congo)"

Since the actual name of the country was Congo at the time. Even though there were two different Congo, Congo-Brazzaville, and Congo-Leopoldville, during the same time. Any suggestions? Seanh 23:43, July 12, 2005 (UTC)

At the time of independence, there were two countries calling themselves Republic of Congo (Rêpublique du Congo). As far as I understand, they were differentiated by the name of their capital city, i.e. Congo-Brazzaville and Congo-Lêopoldville. From the article "Crise congolaise" on French wikipedia: "Le pays partageait son nom avec celui de la République du Congo à l'ouest, une colonie française ayant gagné son indépendance en 1960 également, et elles étaient auparavant distinguées par le nom de leur capitale, Congo (Léopoldville) et Congo (Brazzaville)."

So, I think it would most correct to write "first president of Congo-Kinshasa" or "first president of the Republic of Congo, later called Democratic Republic of Congo." According to the French wikipedia article "Liste des présidents de la République démocratique du Congo," the country's name changed from "République du Congo" to "République démocratique du Congo" in July 1966, under Mobutu. -- Poldy Bloom 06:02, 13 August 2006 (UTC)

External link
As I was reading this article I noted that an editor had specifically requested a citation for Kasa-Vubu being placed under house arrest in 1965, so I provided a citation to a reliable source for that info. But I then noticed that this article had only a single source, and that was listed as an external link. However, the webpage at that link,, does not qualify as an external link failing the guideline at External links. It did not add anything to the article as an external link. What it did do, was add a source to an otherwise unsourced article. It is not a very good source as it is a tertiary source. As soon as adequate sourcing from reliable publications has been added, this InfoPlease external link should be removed as superfluous and as not meeting the guidelines. --Bejnar (talk) 22:11, 13 June 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Joseph Kasa-Vubu


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Ol' Mistah Buzzard

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete Sjakkalle (Check!)  14:44, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Ol' Mistah Buzzard
If it's even spelt correctly, it's certainly not detailed enough to merit an article of it's own about this unnotable character UkPaolo 19:29, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable. JamesBurns 05:51, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nonnotable.  Grue   09:46, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
Gripsholm Castle

Gripsholm Castle (Gripsholms slott) is a castle in Mariefred, Södermanland, Sweden. It is located by lake Mälaren in south central Sweden, in the municipality of Strängnäs, about 60 km west of Stockholm. Since Gustav Vasa, Gripsholm has belonged to the Swedish Royal Family and was used as one of their residences until the 18th century. It is now a museum, but is still considered to be a palace at the disposal of the King and as such it is part of the Crown palaces in Sweden.

Early history
A fortress was built at the location in the 1370s by Bo Jonsson Grip. It was sold to Queen Margaret the I in 1404, and remained the property of the crown until it was acquired by Sten Sture the Elder, the Regent, in 1472 by an exchange of landed properties, whereby it became private, hereditary land of allodial status, to belong to the ownership of Regent Steen's own family. Steen donated the place for use as a Carthusian monastery, or charterhouse, in 1498, and the Gripsholm estate functioned as Mariefred Charterhouse for almost 30 years.

In 1526, the monastery was dissolved by King Gustav I during the Swedish Reformation, and the estate was returned to its hereditary owner, the heir of the late Sten Sture the Old. It is well-recorded that Gripsholm was a part of the so-called Kungens Arv och Eget in registers of the 1500s and the 1600s. The King tore the monastic buildings and the old castle down, and built a fortified castle with circular corner towers and a wall, for defensive purposes. Of the original medieval fortress, only the façade of a wall remains. As private family inheritance from the Regent Steen Sture the Old, the royal Vasa family held Gripsholm in high regard, as reminder of the royals' descent from earlier rulers, and used the place frequently.

Royal residence
King Gustav had it constructed to serve as one of the main residences of the royal house. The castle was constructed between 1537 and 1545, and often served as the residence of the royal court: during the Dacke War, for example, the royal children were housed there.

Between 1563 and 1567, King Eric XIV imprisoned his brother John and his consort Catherine Jagiellon in the castle. John's son Sigismund III Vasa, later the King of Poland and Sweden, was born in the castle on June 20, 1566. When Eric XIV was deposed by John, Gripsholm Castle came to serve as one of the castles were John had Eric imprisoned. The deposed king Eric was kept prisoner here from 1571 until 1573.

The royal family continued to use Gripsholm Castle during the 17th century. It was the dower residence of the widow of Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, Maria Eleonora of Brandenburg, who lived here from 1636 until 1640. Between 1654 and 1715, Gripsholm Castle was a part of the dower granted to queen Hedvig Eleonora, who often lived there with her court even before being widowed in 1660, and who rebuilt and expanded it in several ways. After her death, however, the Castle was abandoned by the court for some time. For a period during the 18th century, it was used as a prison.

In 1773, Gripsholm Castle was renovated by King Gustav III, on behalf of his consort Sophia Magdalena. The castle was frequently used by the royal court during the reign of Gustav III, who favored it and spent several months there every year. During his reign, a theater was added to the castle in one of the towers. It was the stage for both the amateur theatre of the royal court as well as The French Theater of Gustav III in 1781–1792.

After the Coup of 1809, Gustav IV Adolf and his family were also imprisoned in the castle after his deposition from the throne. He had to sign his abdication document there.

Museum

In 1822, the building came to host the National Portrait Gallery (Sweden), which was placed under the supervision of the Nationalmuseum in the 1860s.

Between 1889 and 1894, the castle underwent a heavy and controversial restoration by the architect Fredrik Lilljekvist during which many of the 17th and 18th-century alterations were removed. The largest change was the addition of a third floor; the planned demolition of a wing did not take place.

Now the castle is a museum which is open to the public, containing paintings and works of art. Part of the castle houses the National Portrait Gallery (Statens porträttsamlingar), one of the oldest portrait collections in the world. The museum includes a badly-stuffed lion which has become infamous in recent years.

Other sources

 * Eriksson, Eva Den moderna stadens födelse: svensk arkitektur 1890–1920 (Ordfront, 1990)
 * Gripsholm at the Nationalmuseum
 * Legnér, Mattias (25 February 2013). ”Kakelugnen värmde under lilla istiden”. Svenska Dagbladet.
 * Strömbom, Sixten Gripsholm: slottet och dess samlingar 1537–1937 (Nordisk rotogravyr, Stockholm: 1937)
 * Svensk historia [microform) enligt samtida skildringar
 * Tucholsky, Kurt: Schloss Gripsholm (1931 novel).
 * Westlund, Per-Olof, Gripsholm under Vasatiden, 1949, Stockholm.

title: Gripsholm Castle


text:
Talk:Performance indicator

Needs a section about the history of the idea
This piece is written as if these are a natural thing, not an idea that was created. We should adjust to show history of the idea. Ctbeiser (talk) 22:29, 28 June 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Performance indicator


text:
Twining

Twining is the process of interlacing strands as if to make twine.

Twining may also refer to:

United States

 * Twining, Michigan, a village
 * Twining, New Mexico, an unincorporated community
 * Twining, Washington, D.C., a neighborhood

People

 * Twining (surname)

Other uses

 * Twining basketry, a type of basket-weaving

 * Twining Models, an English model-making firm
 * Twining v. New Jersey, 1908 U.S. Supreme Court case concerning Fifth Amendment rights
 * Twining Peak, a mountain in Colorado
 * USS Twining (DD-540), American Fletcher-class destroyer

 * Vines growing upwards by revolving around and leaning on a supporting structure

title: Twining


text:
Suga Free

Dejuan Walker (born January 17, 1970), better known by his stage name Suga Free, is an American rapper.

Biography
Suga Free was born in Gardena and moved from Oakland, California to Compton, California throughout his childhood before later becoming based in Pomona, California from the age of 11. He began his professional rapping career working with DJ Quik, with Quik serving as the producer on his debut album, Street Gospel, released in 1997, which reached number 37 on the Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

He made guest appearances on Xzibit's Restless and Snoop Dogg's Tha Last Meal in 2000, and released a second album in 2004, The New Testament, which peaked at number 72 on the Billboard 200. Just Add Water followed in 2006, described by AllMusic: "Just Add Water may not be the complete handbook to being a pimp, but it certainly is a kind of missive on the life of Suga Free". The album saw Suga described as "charismatic and funny, with a rapid- fire-yet-conversational style" by the Chicago Tribune.

After a ten-year break, Suga Free released the album The Resurrection on May 5, 2019.

Collaboration albums

 * Thunder & Lightning with Pimpin' Young (2012)
 * Pimp Slap with J Steez (2014)
 * Blood Makes You Related, Loyalty Makes You Family with Pimpin' Young (2015)
 * Sugakane with Kokane (2023)
 * SugaHill with YeloHill (2023)
 * Street Communion with Sporty (2024)

Compilation albums

 * The Konnectid Project, Vol. 1 with Mausberg (2000)
 * The Features, Vol. 1 (2006)
 * The Features, Vol. 2 (2006)
 * Why U Still Bullshittin?: The Best of Suga Free (2011)
 * Group Therapy Project (2021)

Guest appearances

 * 1998
 * "Down, Down, Down" (DJ Quik feat. Suga Free, AMG & Mausberg)

 * 1999
 * "Trust Me" (Snoop Dogg feat. Suga Free & Sylk-E. Fyne)

 * 2000
 * "Pussy Sells" (Tha Eastsidaz feat. Suga Free)
 * "Do I Love Her?" (DJ Quik feat. Suga Free)
 * "Mr. Tic's Groove" (Darkside feat. Suga Free)
 * "Anyway U Want 2" (Mausberg feat. Suga Free & James DeBarge)
 * "Bet I Never Slip" (Doggy's Angels feat. Suga Free)
 * "Sorry I'm Away So Much" (Xzibit feat. DJ Quik & Suga Free)
 * "Bring It On" (Snoop Dogg feat. Suga Free & Kokane)

 * 2001
 * "Get Up" (Klientel feat. Suga Free, Rappin' 4-Tay, Ed Bone, & CRSY)
 * "I Don't Know" (Tha Eastsidaz feat. Suga Free, Soopafly & LaToiya Williams)
 * "Dogghouse In Your Mouth" (Tha Eastsidaz feat. Suga Free, Soopafly, RBX, Kurupt, Mixmaster Spade, Ruff Dog & King Lou)
 * "Bonus Track" (Mac Dre feat. Suga Free & Shouman)
 * "Playa Playa (Remix)" (Sandman feat. Suga Free & Mausberg)
 * "Dogghouse Ridaz" (Bad Azz feat. Suga Free, Goldie Loc, Snoop Dogg & Kokane)

 * 2002
 * "Don't Shoot Pimpin" (Dru Down feat. Suga Free & AMG)
 * "Til The Dawn" (E-40 feat. Suga Free & Bosko)
 * "What U Thought" (B-Legit feat. Suga Free)
 * "Trouble (Remix)" (DJ Quik feat. Suga Free & Chuckey)
 * "Get Tha Money" (DJ Quik feat. Suga Free)

 * 2003
 * "It Wasn't 4 U" (Rappin' 4-Tay feat. Suga Free & Nate Dogg)
 * "Say Woop" (Hi-C feat. Suga Free)
 * "Shit Ain't Fo Free" (Clue Dog & Doc Holiday feat. Suga Free)
 * "Ya Ain't Fuckin' Wit Us (Clue Dog & Doc Holiday feat. Suga Free & Papi Rico)
 * "Wonder Wonder" (Clue Dog & Doc Holiday feat. Suga Free)
 * "Leave Me Alone" (40 Glocc feat. Suga Free & Mr. Shadow)

 * 2004
 * "Never Give Up" (The Originals feat. Suga Free & Sug)
 * "Break Yo Back" (The Originals feat. Suga Free)
 * "They Ain't Fenta Take My Shit" (Pomona City Rydaz feat. Suga Free & Tha Eastsidaz)
 * "Crazy Ho" (Xzibit feat. Suga Free)
 * "Warn Ya" (Snoop Dogg feat. Suga Free)
 * "C The Light" (Snoop Dogg feat. Suga Free)
 * "Bitches Ain't Shit" (Lil Jon feat. Nate Dogg, Snoop Dogg, Suga Free & Oobie)
 * "My Alphabets" (Mac Dre feat. Suga Free)

 * 2005
 * "That's What tha Pimpin's There For" (Baby Bash feat. Suga Free, Money Mike & Chingo Bling)
 * "Sexy Thang" (Messy Marv feat. Suga Free)
 * "Feels So Good" (Kokane feat. Suga Free)

 * 2006
 * "Fade" (Kokane feat. Suga Free & Young Prada)
 * "Way You Do" (Kokane feat. Suga Free & Marv Dogg)
 * "Pretty Black" (Pretty Black feat. Suga Free & Dru Down)
 * "I Want You" (X1 feat. E-40, Too Short & Suga Free)

 * 2007
 * "Sweat Ya Perm Out" (Katt Williams feat. Lil Jon, Lil Scrappy, Budda Early, Suga Free & Too Short)

 * 2009
 * "Nothing Could Be Better" (Bishop Lamont feat. Butch Cassidy, Suga Free, Chevy Jones & Bokey)

 * 2010
 * "Let Me Talk" (Murs & 9th Wonder feat. Suga Free)
 * "Attention" (E-40 feat. Dru Down, Suga Free & Stompdown)
 * "Pay Me" (Kurupt feat. Suga Free, Daz Dillinger & Soopafly)
 * "Pacific Dreams" (Nufsed & Rick Habana feat. Suga Free)

 * 2011
 * "Nobody" (DJ Quik feat. Suga Free)

 * 2013
 * "Sober" (Rittz feat. Suga Free)

 * 2014
 * "Grooveline Pt. 2" (Schoolboy Q feat. Suga Free)
 * "Life Jacket" (DJ Quik feat. Suga Free & Dom Kennedy)
 * "Broken Down" (DJ Quik feat. Suga Free & Tweed Cadillac)

 * 2016
 * "What If" (Snoop Dogg feat. Suga Free)
 * "Tell U 2wice" (Cold 187um feat. Suga Free & AMG)

 * 2018
 * "R U Single" (Daz Dillinger feat. Suga Free)

 * 2020
 * "19 Dolla Lapdance" (E40 feat. Suga Free)
 * "Roll Call" (Brian J feat. Suga Free, Jayo Felony, & Pomona Pimpin' Young)

title: Suga Free


text:
Talk:Mitchell, Oregon

Some POV
This is a sweet little town. Awesome for geology field trips. I hope the general store keeps its "Mayberry" old-timey image. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 134.134.136.3 (talk • contribs) 19:32, June 7, 2005

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090110002337/http://www.nww.usace.army.mil/dpn/fldinfo/ff19556.htm to http://www.nww.usace.army.mil/dpn/fldinfo%5Cff19556.htm
 * Added archive http://www.webcitation.org/64vfLAeJ2?url=http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt to http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/files/Gaz_places_national.txt
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Climate data
This small town of about 130 people almost certainly does not have a NOAA-certified weather station with climate data. The Desert Research Institute knows of three nearby:, , , each quite different from the others. There was once a fourth station nearby, but it did not record temperature data and indeed was only in operation for a few years in the 1960s.

Since the town has no weather station, we are essentially making one up if we include data here, unless we include all three and mention that they are for the surrounding area. And I think three weather stations would be excessive for such a small town, particularly if none of them really represents the       town itself. — Soap — 20:55, 18 November 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Mitchell, Oregon


text:
Ibn Majah

Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn Yazīd Ibn Mājah al-Rabʿī al-Qazwīnī (ابو عبد الله محمد بن يزيد بن ماجه الربعي القزويني; (b. 209/824, d. 273/887) commonly known as Ibn Mājah, was a medieval scholar of hadith of Persian origin. He compiled the last of Sunni Islam's six canonical hadith collections, Sunan Ibn Mājah.

Biography
Ibn Mājah was born in Qazwin, the modern-day Iranian province of Qazvin, in 824 CE/209 AH to a family who were members (mawla) of the Rabīʻah tribe. Mājah was the nickname of his father, and not that of his grandfather nor was it his mother's name, contrary to those claiming this. The hāʼ at the end is un-voweled whether in stopping upon its pronunciation or continuing because it a non-Arabic name.

He left his hometown to travel the Islamic world visiting Iraq, Makkah, the Levant and Egypt. He studied under Ibn Abi Shaybah (through whom came over a quarter of al-Sunan), Muḥammad ibn ʻAbdillāh ibn Numayr, Jubārah ibn al-Mughallis, Ibrāhīm ibn al-Mundhir al-Ḥizāmī, ʻAbdullāh ibn Muʻāwiyah, Hishām ibn ʻAmmār, Muḥammad ibn Rumḥ, Dāwūd ibn Rashīd and others from their era. Abū Yaʻlā al-Khalīlī praised Ibn Mājah as "reliable (thiqah), prominent, agreed upon, a religious authority, possessing knowledge and the capability to memorize."

According to al-Dhahabī, Ibn Mājah died on approximately February 19, 887 CE/with eight days remaining of the month of Ramadan, 273 AH, or, according to al-Kattānī, in either 887/273 or 889/275. He died in Qazwin.

What he compiled/did Al-Dhahabī mentioned the following of Ibn Mājah's works:
 * Sunan Ibn Mājah: one of the six canonical collections of hadith
 * Kitāb al-Tafsīr: a book of Qur'an exegesis
 * Kitāb al-Tārīkh: a book of history or, more likely, a listing of hadith transmitters

The last two, though praised by scholars, have been lost.

The Sunan
The Sunan consists of 1,500 chapters and about 4,000 hadith. Upon completing it, he read it to Abu Zur’a al-Razi, a hadith authority of his time, who commented, "I think that were people to get their hands on this, the other collections, or most of them, would be rendered obsolete."

title: Ibn Majah


text:
Blutengel

Blutengel (stylized BlutEngel; German for "Blood Angel") is a German electronic music group formed by singer Chris Pohl (also of the groups Terminal Choice, Tumor and Miss Construction and the owner of the Fear Section label) after leaving Seelenkrank. The lyrics are written primarily in German and English and are presented with male and female vocals. The themes of the songs usually centre around themes common in Gothic fiction such as love, vampirism, sexual fetishism, death and immortality. The band calls their musical style "dark pop".

Formation and early years (1998–2001)
Blutengel was formed in 1998 after Chris Pohl had decided to give up the preceding project, Seelenkrank (which had released two albums), due to contractual problems. Just as its predecessor, Blutengel uses melodious electronic tunes in combination with both male and female voices. The lyrics are primarily in German or English and mixed between male and female vocals paired with electronic sounds and with songs often focusing on all aspects of love, from the tragedy of hopeless romance of vampires (all the way to the more animal aspects of desire) and aspects of death and the afterlife.

The group's first album, Child of Glass, was released in early 1999 with Kati Roloff and Nina Bendigkeit as the original female vocalists.

In 2001, the second album, Seelenschmerz, was released. Bendigkeit left to concentrate on photography and eventually form the band Formalin. Gini Martin joined the band as the second female voice alongside Roloff. The first Blutengel gig ever took place at the Wave-Gotik-Treffen on 1 June 2001 in Leipzig in front of 10,000 fans. At the end of 2001, the single "Black Roses" was released with Constance Rudert as a session singer. The band performed at the Dark Storm Festival where Rudert appeared on stage with Roloff and Martin. This was the last time the band would play with its original lineup. Roloff and Martin left the band days later for personal reasons and founded their own project together, Tristesse de la Lune. Rudert, who had originally only been recruited for the single "Black Roses", became a full-time member of the band. Eva Pölzing joined soon after as a second vocalist.

Rise in popularity (2002–2008)
Angel Dust was released in 2002, placing 58th on the German charts. The Angel Dust promotional photo shoot and booklet was made by Nina Bendigkeit.

In 2004, Blutengel's fourth album, Demon Kiss, was released, featuring the single "Forever". A DVD release, Live Lines, and the album-length EP, The Oxidising Angel, appeared in 2005, the latter of which contained new material as well as a cover of "Cry Little Sister" from The Lost Boys soundtrack. In early October, Eva Pölzing left band due to other projects. She was replaced by Ulrike Goldmann (ex-Say-Y).

For the following two years, the band released a couple of singles with a slightly more "pop-driven" sound until their fifth album, Labyrinth, was released in September 2007. It reached 36th in the German charts and featured the single "Lucifer" and the live favourite "Engelsblut".

Extended albums (2009–2012)
In 2009, Blutengel released the album Schwarzes Eis, which featured the single "Dancing in the Light" and accompanying music video to promote the album. An extended edition of this album contained three full CDs, each with its own subtitle (Schwarzes Eis, the instrumental Behind the Mirror, and Redemption). The EP Soultaker was released later that year.

In 2010, the band performed at the Amphi Festival featuring Anja Milow, Maria Rehfeld and Jenny Haufe who had been hired in 2009 as a dancers for the Schwarzes Eis tour. Days later, it was announced on the official website that Constance Rudert had been replaced by two new singers, Anja Milow and Steffi Weingarten. Both featured on the seventh album, Tränenherz, released in 2011, and placed in the German charts at number 12. Two singles, "Über den Horizont" and "Reich mir die Hand", were released to promote the album, with accompanying music videos, the latter featuring Pohl's new girlfriend Viki Scarlet as the "Bloody Girl" in "Reich mir die Hand", who would later become a permanent dancer.

The EP Nachtbringer followed that same year. A music video was released for the title track, featuring the complete lineup excluding Haufe for this video. Weingarten was fired from the band before they began touring, and on her official Facebook page, she wrote a statement claiming that she was not allowed to tour due to legal issues with Rudert. Haufe left in 2012, followed by Milow to focus on her job as a model for the clothing label AMF Korsets, continue college studies and work as an independent designer with her label Madone Noire.

Monument and Black Symphonies (2012–2014)
From 12 to 20 May 2012, Blutengel toured North America for the first time, playing in Mexico City, New York, San Antonio, San Francisco, Los Angeles and in Montreal for the Kinetik Festival. After the tour, Maria Rehfeld left the band.

The first single from the album Monument, "Save Our Souls", was released in November 2012, while the second single, "You Walk Away", was released in January 2013. Monument was released in February 2013 and placed #4 and #96 on the German and Switzerland music charts respectively. "Kinder dieser Stadt was released on 19 July 2013 as the third single from the album.

Blutengel released an orchestral compilation album, Black Symphonies (An Orchestral Journey), in February 2014. A single and music video for "Krieger" was released to promote the album.

Omen and best-of album (2014–2016)
The first single, "Asche zu Asche", from their upcoming album, was released on 14 November 2014. The second single, "Sing", was released on 23 January 2015. Omen was released on 12 February 2015.

The band then embarked on the first leg of the Omen tour in April and spanning through to August. Festival appearances included Wave-Gotik-Treffen, Mera Luna Festival, and Summer Breeze Open Air.

A new EP, In alle Ewigkeit, was announced via the band's website in early August as well as the tour dates for the second leg of the Omen tour, which began in November and ended in early December. The new EP was released 23 October 2015 and featured a reworking of "Weg zu mir", originally from Child of Glass, which served as a preview for the upcoming best-of album.

On 26 February 2016, their best-of album Nemesis: The Best of & Reworked was released with re-recorded versions of Blutengel classics. To support this release, they played the Nemesis – Open Air Festival in July.

Due to legal issues, Omen was re-released under the title Save Us.

Leitbild and Un:Gott (2016–present)
In early 2016, BlutEngel entered the studio to record a new album, set for a release in February 2017. "Complete", the first single from the upcoming tenth album, Leitbild, was released on 2 December 2016; it featured two B-sides and a remix by British darkwave act Massive Ego. The second single, "Lebe deinen Traum", was released digitally on 3 February 2017.

Leitbild was released on 17 February. The album would be the band's third straight album to chart in the top 5 of the Media Control Charts at number 4. It would also chart Swiss Music Charts at number 49. Blutengel went on tour starting in April and ended in May to promote the album, with Massive Ego as their support. On 12 May, they performed an acoustic set which was recorded for release on DVD as A Special Night Out: Live & Acoustic in Berlin.

After the Leitbild tour ended, Chris teased that he began work on a new mini album or EP, to be released towards the end of the year. The mini album was later confirmed and entitled Black. The second leg of the Leitbild tour was also announced for October–December 2017. Live im Wasserschloss Klaffenbach was released April 2018, with footage from their Nemesis – Open Air Festival from July 2016.

In May 2018, Blutengel were back in the studio working on their next album, Un:Gott, which was released 15 February 2019 and was promoted with a tour that began in February. The tour was once again supported by Massive Ego.

A new mini album, Damokles, was released on 1 November 2019.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, three singles were released: The first, "Wir sind unsterblich", on 27 March; the second, "Obscured" (a collaboration with Hocico), on 3 April; the third, "Nothing but a Void" (a collaboration with Massive Ego), on Friday, 13 November.

Current members

 * Chris Pohl – vocals, lyrics, programming (1998–present)
 * Ulrike Goldmann – vocals and lyrics (2005–present)

Current dancers

 * Viki Scarlet – main visual concept (2011–present)

Former members

 * 1998–2000: Nina Bendigkeit (was in Formalin; also female voices on Seelenkrank and Terminal Choice albums) – vocals and lyrics
 * 1998–2002: Kati Roloff (was in Tristesse de la Lune with Gini but left in late 2006) – vocals
 * 2000–2002: Gini Martin (was in Tristesse de la Lune) – vocals and lyrics
 * 2002–2005: Eva Pölzing (was in F.O.D ) – vocals
 * 2002–2010: Constance Rudert (was in Cinderella Effect)– session singer then vocals and visual concept
 * 2010–2011: Steffi Weingarten – vocals
 * 2009–2012: Anja Milow – vocals and visual concept

Former dancers

 * 2001–2009: Sonja Semmler (now in Masters of Comedy ) – live performance, visual concept (their first official dancer/performance artist to be part of the band)
 * 2009–2012: Jenny Haufe – visual concept
 * 2009–2012: Maria Rehfeld – visual concept

Studio albums

 * 1999: Child of Glass
 * 2001: Seelenschmerz
 * 2002: Angel Dust
 * 2004: Demon Kiss
 * 2007: Labyrinth
 * 2009: Schwarzes Eis
 * 2011: Tränenherz
 * 2013: Monument
 * 2015: Omen/Save Us
 * 2017: Leitbild
 * 2019: Un:Gött
 * 2021: Erlösung – The Victory of Light
 * 2023: Un:Sterblich – Our Souls Will Never Die

title: Blutengel


text:
Sunan ibn Majah

Sunan Ibn Mājah (سُنن ابن ماجه) is one of the six major Sunni hadith collections (Kutub al-Sittah). The Sunan was authored by Ibn Mājah (born 824 CE, died 887CE).

Description
It contains 4,341 ahadith in 32 books (kutub) divided into 1,500 chapters (abwāb). Some 1,329 hadith are only found in it, and not in the other five canonical works. About 20 of the traditions it contains were later declared to be forged; such as those dealing with the merits of individuals, tribes or towns, including Ibn Mājah's home town of Qazvin.

Views
Sunni Muslims regard this collection as sixth in terms of authenticity of their six major hadith collections. Although Ibn Mājah related hadith from scholars across the eastern Islamic world, neither he nor his Sunan were well known outside of his native region of northwestern Iran until the 5th/11th century. Muḥammad ibn Ṭāhir al-Maqdisī (died 507/1113) remarked that while Ibn Mājah's Sunan was well regarded in Ray, Iran, it was not widely known among the broader community of Muslim jurists outside of Iran. It was also Muḥammad b. Ṭāhir who first proposed a six-book canon of the most authentic Sunni hadith collections in his Shurūṭ al-aʾimma al-sitta, which included Ibn Mājah's Sunan alongside Sahih Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan Abu Dawud, Sunan Nasai, and Jami al-Tirmidhi. Nonetheless, consensus among Sunni scholars concerning this six-book canon, which included Ibn Mājah's Sunan, did not occur until the 7th/13th century, and even then this consensus was largely contained to the Sunni scholarly community in the eastern Islamic world. Scholars such as al-Nawawi (died 676/1277) and Ibn Khaldun (died 808/1405) excluded Sunan Ibn Mājah from their lists of canonical Sunni hadith collections, while others replaced it with either the Muwatta Imam Malik or with the Sunan al-Darimi. It was not until Ibn al-Qaisarani's formal standardization of the Sunni hadith cannon into six books in the 11th century that Ibn Majah's collection was regarded the esteem granted to the five other books.

Contents
Editor, Muhammad Fu'ād 'Abd al-Bāqī's 1952–53 Cairo publication, in 2 volumes, provides the standard topical classification of the hadith Arabic text. The book is divided into 37 volumes.

• #	the book of purification and its sunnah

• #	the book of the prayer

• #	the book of the adhan (the call to prayer) and the sunnah regarding it

• #	the book on the mosques and the congregations

• #	establishing the prayer and the sunnah regarding them

• #	chapters regarding funerals

• #	fasting

• #	the chapters regarding zakat

• #	the chapters on marriage

• #	the chapters on divorce

• #	the chapters on expiation

• #	the chapters on business transactions

• #	the chapters on rulings

• #	the chapters on gifts

• #	the chapters on charity

• #	the chapters on pawning

• #	the chapters on shufa (preemption)

• #	the chapters on lost property

• #	the chapters on manumission (of slaves)

• #	the chapters on legal punishments

• #	the chapters on blood money

• #	the chapters on wills

• #	chapters on shares of inheritance

• #	the chapters on jihad

• #	chapters on hajj rituals

• #	chapters on sacrifices

• #	chapters on slaughtering

• #	chapters on hunting

• #	chapters on food

• #	chapters on drinks

• #	chapters on medicine

• #	chapters on dress

• #	etiquette

• #	supplication

• #	interpretation of dreams

• #	tribulations

• #	zuhd

title: Sunan ibn Majah


text: User talk:12.148.24.21

title: User talk:12.148.24.21


text:
Flyglobespan

Flyglobespan was a low-cost airline based in Edinburgh, Scotland. It operated scheduled services from five airports across Scotland, England and Ireland to destinations in Europe, North America, North Africa and South Africa. Its main bases were Glasgow Airport, Edinburgh Airport and Aberdeen Airport. The airline's slogan was "Award-winning airline". It went into administration due to financial problems and the airline declared bankruptcy on 16 December 2009.

Because of the administration, Flyglobespan cancelled all of its scheduled flights. On 14 December 2010, the business was declared to be in liquidation.

History
Flyglobespan (a trading name for Globespan Airways Limited) was established in November 2002 as an offshoot of the Globespan Group. Operations started in April 2003 using two Boeing 737-300 aircraft provided by Channel Express on services from Glasgow Prestwick Airport and Edinburgh Airport to five destinations in Spain, France and Italy.

Globespan, an Edinburgh-based tour operator with over 30 years' experience, already offered scheduled and charter flights, cruise travel, rail and coach travel, motorhome and car rental, and hotel accommodation tailored for holidaymakers visiting destinations in Canada, the USA and Spain. The scheduled flights, mainly to Canada, were operated by Air Transat from airports throughout the UK, with Globespan acting as the booking agent and selling the flights under its own brand. In summer 2002 a similar arrangement was trialled between Edinburgh and Nice, in the south of France. This was to prove successful for Globespan, and led to the creation of its own no-frills brand, 'Flyglobespan'.

Services began in 2003 with aircraft and crews provided by Channel Express, though under the Flyglobespan brand with red and white livery, offering irregular flights to European holiday destinations. The offshoot proved successful and flight frequencies were increased. At this point, the operator relocated from Prestwick to the larger Glasgow Airport, which is much closer to the population centres of Central Scotland, within months of commencing operation. In 2004 so it could operate its own aircraft, the Globespan Group bought the defunct airline operator Cougar Leasing along with its Civil Aviation Authority of the United Kingdom (CAA) Aircraft Operating Certificate. Now with its own Operating Licence, expansion was swift for the new airline. New destinations were added to the network, including Prague, where the airline faced competition from Czech Airlines, and further points in Spain, including the Canary Islands. CSA withdrew its Glasgow to Prague service on 1 August 2005.

By March 2005 the airline had grown to offer 15 destinations across Europe, with a fleet of nine aircraft—of which three were leased from new—and had tripled its passenger numbers to 1.5 million annually. Profits for the year ending October 2004 had risen from £2m in its first year to £3.7m, on a turnover of £98m.

BBC's Watchdog programme featured the airline for a second time on 28 November 2007, where the airline was primarily featured for complaints due to a flight stopping 600 miles before its destination because the cabin crew were up to their safety limit in working hours. The CAA's suspension of the airline's ETOPS licence was also featured.

Domestic services
In May 2005 the first domestic services were launched, with twice-daily flights from Glasgow and Edinburgh to London Stansted - routes that were already operated by the much larger low fares carrier easyJet, with much higher frequencies. However, these services were withdrawn in February 2006, together with plans to serve Bournemouth from Edinburgh.

Fuel costs
Despite high fuel costs and intense competition in the no-frills market, the airline continued to expand. Flights from London Stansted commenced in October 2005, though a new daily service between Glasgow and Amsterdam, replacing the twice-daily easyJet service between the two cities, was withdrawn in June 2006 due to low passenger numbers.

On 1 November 2005 Flyglobespan announced its first long-haul service, from Glasgow to Orlando Sanford International Airport in Florida, US. The service commenced in June 2006 and was operated by a Boeing 767 aircraft in a three-class configuration. The three classes were Economy, Premium Economy and Business Class which included 50-inch sleeper seats, 'gourmet' food, and wines. Alicante and Málaga services were upgraded to twice-daily throughout the summer for 2006, and Murcia was served daily. Fuerteventura was added to the winter 2006 schedule. Weekly services linking Glasgow with Athens and Heraklion were launched in May 2006 for the summer season. In January 2006 Flyglobespan announced a 70 per cent rise in pre-tax profits from the previous year.

In June 2006 the airline announced plans to operate from Aberdeen Airport after 24-hour airport operation there had been confirmed. The first route to operate from Aberdeen was Tenerife, which commenced in winter 2006. It also announced routes to Alicante, Barcelona, Faro, Murcia, Palma and Paphos, which commenced in summer 2007.

Long-haul expansion
Liverpool was added to the Flyglobespan network from November 2006, with flights to Tenerife. Also added is Liverpool's first connection with Hamilton/John C. Munro International Airport from May 2007. The airline also began Liverpool's first long-haul flight, to New York (JFK), using Boeing 757-200 aircraft, daily in May 2007. However, after a long series of problems with the service, due largely to reliability problems with the route's sole aircraft, which resulted in repeated massive delays on the service Flyglobespan announced in early July that they would abandon the route in October of the same year, only six months after the service's inception.

Flights to Hamilton, Ontario, Canada from Manchester started in November, with two of the three weekly flights. It also commenced a three times a week service from Manchester to Cape Town, South Africa on 4 November 2006, but this service was withdrawn at the end of the 2007 Summer season.

Flyglobespan started new services in May 2007 from Hamilton/John C. Munro International Airport, Canada to destinations in the UK and Ireland, including Doncaster-Sheffield Airport; this was the first scheduled transatlantic flight to operate from the airport. Hamilton Airport is located between Toronto and nearby Niagara Falls, about 75 kilometres southwest, or an hour's drive from, Toronto's main Pearson International Airport. Hamilton Airport is about one hour away from Toronto's city centre whereas Pearson International Airport is about thirty minutes away.

Flyglobespan commenced services in May 2007 from Ireland West Airport Knock to John F. Kennedy International Airport with three services a week, and Boston Logan International Airport twice a week. Some flights from Knock to New York made unscheduled refuelling stops at a number of remote locations including Keflavik, Iceland (though this is an exception, when they stopped at a major hub); Bangor, Maine; Stephenville and St. John's, Newfoundland. These refueling stops were scheduled when a 737-800 was used instead of the usual 757-200.

In 2007 Flyglobespan had its Skytrax rating withdrawn and suspended, owing to "product and service inconsistency". The airline did not regain its rating.

Financial difficulties
In July 2008 Globespan lost its ability to get insurance industry credit card repayment cover, before the collapse of Zoom and XL. From that point, credit card clearing company E-Clear, whose CEO was Elias Elia, rather than paying the normal amounts of cash to Globespan, argued that in certain cases passengers could make valid claims against them via the credit card companies up to six months after having taken their flight. E-Clear hence held a greater amount of money paid through them to Globespan.

By October 2009 the amount of money owed by E-Clear to Globespan was in dispute; Globespan later claimed it to be £35m. After various discussions, Globespan asked E-Clear to agree to independent audit of the sums, which was turned down by E-Clear. Also at this point, Halcyon Investments—the operational arm of an August 2008 Jersey-based trust fund—offered to make a large investment in Globespan. Halcyon's investors included Elias Elia.

In November 2009 The Independent on Sunday reported that Flyglobespan had required a 'last-ditch cash injection' as a result of cash flow difficulties caused following delays in payment by a credit card clearing company, E-Clear.

Concerns regarding the future of the airline resurfaced on 13 December 2009 when several newspapers reported that Flyglobespan had so far been unsuccessful in obtaining regulatory approval for the funding package from Halcyon Investments. The Guardian suggested that Halcyon Investments was controlled by E-Clear. The company stated it had "secured a financial investment package that will see Scotland's leading airline continue to prosper and grow".

End of operation
The Globespan Group PLC, Globespan Airways Limited and Alba Ground Handling Limited ceased operations on 16 December 2009 and were placed into administration on 17 December with PricewaterhouseCoopers appointed as the administrator. The last flight was GSM706 from Hurghada to Glasgow which landed at 2230 on 16 December.

On 19 January 2010 a High Court judge granted an administration order, following a request from PriceWaterhouseCoopers (PWC), against credit card processing firm E-Clear UK which handled all of Globespan's credit card transactions.

Bruce Cartwright, Joint Administrator, of PricewaterhouseCoopers stated after E-Clear UK's Administration that it was clear the funds withheld from the Globespan Group were no longer there.

Destinations
It was announced in July 2007 that the Liverpool to New York and the Ireland West Airport Knock service would be suspended for the winter season from 30 October. The company gave the reason as poor passenger figures on the Liverpool flights, particularly inbound passengers from the United States. The passenger figures for Ireland West Airport Knock were higher than expected. The company also admitted to providing a poor operating service since the route was launched on 25 May 2007, which affected the passenger figures. The route was to recommence for the Summer 2008 season. The poor operating service was compounded by some PR failures and sub-standard customer service.

It was announced on 18 October 2007 that the CAA had suspended Flyglobespan's ETOPS certificate, the first time in 15 years a UK operator has lost ETOPS approval. This effectively meant Flyglobespan transatlantic flights were forced to adopt a flight path which never took the aircraft more than an hour away from the nearest airport, in case of engine problems. However, this only applied to Flyglobespan's own aircraft and leased-in aircraft could continue to follow ETOPS rules as these are operated by other airlines with their own ETOPS approval. Flyglobespan's ETOPS rating was reinstated at a CAA hearing on 26 October 2007.

Flyglobespan operated services to the Falkland Islands and Ascension Island on behalf of the UK Government. This was in support of the military and civilian communities of those islands, and involved long-haul flights between RAF Brize Norton in Oxfordshire, RAF Ascension Island, and RAF Mount Pleasant on East Falkland. These flights were taken over by Air Italy on a temporary basis, before another airline puts in for a permanent basis.

The company also operated flights for the UK Ministry of Defence between RAF Brize Norton and staging posts in the Middle East in support of the operations in Afghanistan and Iraq.

Fleet
The Flyglobespan fleet included the following aircraft as of 16 December 2009 prior to ceasing operations:

As of 16 December 2009, Flyglobespan's average fleet age was 6.3 years, prior to ceasing operations.

Flyglobespan announced in August 2006 that it would lease two Boeing 787-8 Dreamliners from the International Lease Finance Corporation for ten years, to be delivered in March and November 2011. Due to the administration placed on 16 December 2009, the orders were cancelled.

title: Flyglobespan


text:
Ian Stark

Ian David Stark, OBE (born 22 February 1954) is a retired Scottish equestrian who competed in the sport of eventing. Stark was born in Galashiels in the Borders in 1954 and began riding horses at the age of 10.

Stark was inducted into the Scottish Sports Hall of Fame in March 2010.

Career
In 1984 Stark won a silver medal for eventing in the Olympic Games, which were held in Los Angeles. In 2000 Stark won a silver team medal for eventing in the Olympic Games held in Sydney, Australia.

Other accomplishments are:
 * Two silver medals in the Seoul Games of 1988
 * Two silver medals in the World Championships in 1990
 * Two gold medals in the European Eventing Championships in 1991
 * A gold in the European Eventing Championships in 1997
 * Winner of the Badminton Horse Trials in 1999

Stark retired from competition upon completing the 2007 Kentucky Three Day Event aboard Full Circle II.

Honours
Stark was awarded the MBE in 1989 and OBE in 2000.

title: Ian Stark


text:
Talk:Shed Seven

Untitled
Surely the backlash section should include the great NME headline: "You Can't Get Shitter Than A Thick Rick Witter" (Note for non-UK residents, this is a pun on the slogan of a chain of automotive garages called Kwik-Fit: "You Can't Get Better Than A Kwik-Fit Fitter").

I would include it, but I can't find a cite for when it first appeared, other than the dim recessses of my memory...

Why revert back so far?
Al lot of good changes were made to the article, which were considered badly written on 8th June. Not sure why you chose to revert to an earlier version of the article, which has ommitted a lot of good information that was well written from articles before 8th June??

Haven't they reformed?
At least they're gigging in 2010.

Trivia

 * The band were originally labelled by the NME as being New Wave of New Wave.
 * Some old Brockley Haven tracks were reinvented in the form of 'new' Shed Seven songs, such as the Speakeasy B-side "Your Guess Is As Good As Mine", and the 1998 single release "She Left Me On Friday", which is known to be a variation of the Brockley Haven song "Sexy Legs!".
 * Brockley Haven gained a notorious reputation on their local scene and, as such, were banned from playing in many of York's music venues.
 * Shed Seven frontman Rick Witter has a long-running feud with Kula Shaker's Crispian Mills over an incident at the BRIT Awards in 1997.
 * In Q magazine's 150 Greatest Rock Lists Ever special edition (July 2004), Alan Leach featured at number 9 on the "11 Rock Stars Who Have Suffered From Stage Fright" list.
 * Change Giver was voted in at number 29 in NMEs list of the 50 Best Albums of 1994, at number 38 in Melody Makers "Top 40 Albums of 1994" list, and at number 48 in Select's "Top 50 Albums of 1994" list.
 * A Maximum High was voted in at number 20 in Select's "Top 50 Albums of 1996" list, whilst "Chasing Rainbows" made number 21 in the magazine's "Top Singles" list of the same year.
 * In 1996, Rick Witter was named as "the coolest bloke in indie pop" in a special edition of Smash Hits entitled "Cool School". He had his photos taken alongide Louise Redknapp.
 * In 1999, "Disco Down" was voted as the 19th best single of the year by the readers of Melody Maker.
 * Oasis, The Bluetones, Ash, Supergrass, Dodgy, Cast, Longpigs, Mansun, Catatonia, Clint Boon Puressence and Stereophonics have all had support slots at Shed Seven gigs.
 * Despite having supported Shed Seven at some early gigs,Oasis singer Liam Gallagher had a long-running feud with the band saying, "They're a fucking shit band and they've had too much press. They're just trying to be like The Smiths and that singer sounds like Bjork".
 * According to Helen Love's song "Long Live The UK Music Scene", Shed Seven, along with Chris Evans, will save the UK music scene.

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title: Talk:Shed Seven


text:
User:TomSplasky

Mrawr, here I be.

About Me
I've never been particularly good at starting these "about me" things... but I usually get into them pretty fast. I'm your average guy in some aspects, I don't really know. I was born in Souel, South Korea and I currently live in Pennsylvania.

Navigation
Please navigate to one of these subpages for more about me.

 * Music
 * Contributions

title: User:TomSplasky


text: Category:Public schools in Montgomery County, Maryland


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Blandrardy

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. JeremyA 14:52, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Blandrardy
Article is not complete and there is so little information it does not make any sense. Cannot find any reference to the subject or contents on google to expand this. Unless anybody can fix this suggest it is deleted MarkS 19:41, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete maybe there is an explanation for this but it's nonsense right now. --Etacar11 01:57, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unless greatly expanded. DJ Clayworth 03:19, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
Mentuhotep IV

Nebtawyre Mentuhotep IV was the last king of the 11th Dynasty in the Middle Kingdom. He seems to fit into a 7-year period in the Turin Canon for which there is no recorded king.

King's Mother Imi
In Wadi Hammamat, a rock inscription (Hammamat M 191) with the royal name of Mentuhotep IV also mentions King's Mother Imi. This monument only focus on the title King's Mother, presumably the mother of Mentuhotep IV. It does not include other titles like King's Wife, King's Sister or King's Daughter. Some have speculated that she was a concubine in the royal harem.

Mentuhotep III or Mentuhotep II
It is not certain who the father of Mentuhotep IV was. Most scholars suggest that he was the son and successor of Mentuhotep III. However, it is also possible that he was a son of Mentuhotep II, thus a brother or half-brother of Mentuhotep III. The fact that he has been omitted from several king lists indicate that there was a crisis in the order of succession. He also represents the last king of the eleventh dynasty, and his reign is poorly documented indicating turmoil.

Rock inscriptions
He is known from several inscriptions at several locations, despite his reign being omitted from the Abydos king list. The inscriptions show the organization and makeup of a large expedition during his reign.

Wadi el-Hudi
Also, he is attested by the inscriptions at Wadi el-Hudi.

 * Wadi el-Hudi 1 dated to Year 1
 * Wadi el-Hudi 2 dated to Year 1
 * Wadi el-Hudi 3 dated to Year 1
 * Wadi el-Hudi 4 dated to Year 1

Ain Sukhna
At the Red Sea port of Ain Sukhna expeditions went to places like the Wadi Maghareh in the Sinai. Products like turquoise and copper were transported to Memphis some 120 km across the sand tracks of the Eastern Desert. Or perhaps transported along the Red Sea coast further south to the port of Mersa Gawasis. Inscriptions dated to Mentuhotep IV have been found.

"Year 1, arrival of the king’s men; workforce: 3000, to bring back turquoise, copper,3 bronze (?) and all fine products of the desert. [rnpt-zp 1: jwt mšʿ n nswt; ṯnw n mšʿ pn 3000 n s r jnt mfkȝt, bjȝ, ḥsmn (?), jnw nb(w) nfr(w) n ḫȝst]"

Wadi Hammamat (Eastern Desert)
He is known from a few inscriptions in Wadi Hammamat that record expeditions to the Red Sea coast and to quarry stone for the royal monuments. One of these inscriptions confirms the name of his mother to be King's Mother Imi. The leader of an expedition to Wadi Hammamat, during the second year of Mentuhotep IV's reign, was his vizier, Amenemhat, who is assumed to be the future king Amenemhat I, the first king of the 12th Dynasty, and Mentuhotep's immediate successor.

 * Hammamat G 52
 * Hammamat G 53
 * Hammamat G 54 dated to Year 2
 * Hammamat G 55
 * Hammamat G 56
 * Hammamat G 57 dated to Year 2
 * Hammamat G 58
 * Hammamat G 59
 * Hammamat G 60
 * Hammamat G 73
 * Hammamat G 140
 * Hammamat M 1
 * Hammamat M 40
 * Hammamat M 55
 * Hammamat M 105
 * Hammamat M 110 dated to Year 2 by Vizier Amenemhat {jrj-pꜥt; jmj-rꜣ njwt; ṯꜣtj; jmj-rꜣ kꜣt nsw n mḥ-jb jmn-m-ḥꜣt}
 * Hammamat M 113 dated to Year 2 by Vizier Amenemhat {jrj-pꜥt; jmj-rꜣ njwt; ṯꜣtj; jmj-rꜣ kꜣt nsw n mḥ-jb jmn-m-ḥꜣt}
 * Hammamat M 191
 * Hammamat M 192 dated to Year 2 by Vizier Amenemhat {jrj-pꜥt; jmj-rꜣ njwt; ṯꜣtj; jmj-rꜣ kꜣt nsw n mḥ-jb jmn-m-ḥꜣt}
 * Hammamat M 205 by Vizier Amenemhat {jrj-pꜥt; jmj-rꜣ njwt; ṯꜣtj jmn-m-ḥꜣt}
 * Hammamat M 241

Other attestations
A fragment of a slate bowl found at Lisht North was regarded for a long time to be inscribed on the outside with the official titulary of Mentuhotep IV, and on the inside with that of King Amenemhat I, his successor. Since the two inscriptions are incised in a different style of writing, according to Dorothea Arnold, this indicates that Amenemhat had his name added to an older vessel that already bore the name of Mentuhotep IV. However, Peter Janosi showed that Mentuhotep IV is not mentioned on the bowl, the titulary preserved there fits better to Mentuhotep II.

End of reign
It is assumed by some Egyptologists that Amenemhat either usurped the throne or assumed power after Mentuhotep IV died childless. There is currently no archaeological or textual evidence to prove that Mentuhotep was deposed by his vizier or that he chose Amenemhat to be his designated successor. Neither his mummy nor his burial place have been found.

title: Mentuhotep IV


text:
Menu cost

In economics, the menu cost is a cost that a firm incurs due to changing its prices. It is one microeconomic explanation of the price-stickiness of the macroeconomy put by New Keynesian economists. The term originated from the cost when restaurants print new menus to change the prices of items. However economists have extended its meaning to include the costs of changing prices more generally. Menu costs can be broadly classed into costs associated with informing the consumer, the cost of planning for and deciding on a price change, and the impact of consumers' potential reluctance to buy at the new price. Examples of menu costs include updating computer systems, re-tagging items, changing signage, printing new menus, mistake costs and hiring consultants to develop new pricing strategies. At the same time, companies can reduce menu costs by developing intelligent pricing strategies, thereby reducing the need for changes.

Menu costs and nominal rigidity
Menu costs are the costs incurred by the business when it changes the prices it offers customers. A typical example is a restaurant that has to reprint the new menu when it needs to change the prices of its in-store goods. So, menu costs are one factor that can contribute to nominal rigidity. Firms are faced with the decision to alter prices frequently as a result of changes in the general price level, product costs, market structure, regulation and demand level. Despite frequent market changes, businesses may be hesitant to update prices to reflect these changes due to menu costs. If the menu cost outweighs the expected increase in revenue associated with the price change firms would prefer to exist in disequilibrium and stay at the original price level. When the nominal price level remains constant despite market change is said that there is nominal rigidity or price stickiness in the market. For example, a restaurant should not change its prices until the price change generates enough additional revenue to cover the cost of printing a new menu. Thus, menu costs can create considerable nominal rigidity in other industries or markets, essentially amplifying their impact on the entire industry through a chain reaction of suppliers and distributors.

History
The concept of the menu cost has originally introduced by Eytan Sheshinski and Yoram Weiss (1977) in their paper looking at the effect of inflation on the frequency of price changes. Sheshink and Weiss concluded that even fully anticipated inflation results in an actual menu cost for the business. They suggested that businesses will change prices in discrete jumps rather than continual changes when in an inflationary environment. This justifies the fixed costs of changing prices when revenues are expected to increase.

The idea of applying menu costs as an aspect of Nominal Price Rigidity was simultaneously put forward by several New Keynesian economists in 1985–1986. In 1985, Gregory Mankiw concluded that even small menu costs create inefficient price adjustment and push equilibrium below the point which is socially optimal. He further suggested that the subsequent loss of welfare far exceeds the menu cost that causes it. Michael Parkin also put forward the idea. George Akerlof and Janet Yellen put forward the idea that due to bounded rationality firms will not want to change their price unless the benefit is more than a small amount. This bounded rationality leads to inertia in nominal prices and wages which can lead to output fluctuating at constant nominal prices and wages. The menu cost idea was also extended to wages as well as prices by Olivier Blanchard and Nobuhiro Kiyotaki.

The new Keynesian explanation of price stickiness relied on introducing imperfect competition with price (and wage) setting agents. This started a shift in macroeconomics away from using the model of perfect competition with price taking agents to use imperfectly competitive equilibria with price and wage setting agents (mostly adopting monopolistic competition). Huw Dixon and Claus Hansen showed that even if menu costs were applied to a small sector of the economy, this would influence the rest of the economy and lead to prices in the rest of the economy becoming less responsive to changes in demand.

In 2007, Mikhail Golosov and Robert Lucas found that the size of the menu cost needed to match the micro-data of price adjustment inside an otherwise standard business cycle model is implausibly large to justify the menu-cost argument. The reason is that such models lack "real rigidity". This is a property that markups do not get squeezed by large adjustment in factor prices (such as wages) that could occur in response to the monetary shock. Modern New Keynesian models address this issue by assuming that the labor market is segmented, so that the expansion in employment by a given firm does not lead to lower profits for the other firms.

Magnitude of menu costs
When a company's menu costs a lot in economic markets, the price adjustment is usually major. The company would not engage in price adjustment if profit margins start to fall to the point where menu costs lead to more revenue losses.

The type of company and the technology used determine factors that change prices and costs. For example, it may be necessary to reprint the latest menu, contact the distributor, to change the price list and the prices of items on the shelf. Menu costs in some industries may be small, but the scale may influence business decisions about whether to reprice.

A 1997 study published by Harvard College and MIT used data from 5 multistore supermarket chains to investigate the magnitude of menu costs. They considered the cost of:

 * 1) Labour to change shelf prices
 * 2) Printing and delivering new labels
 * 3) Mistakes during the changeover process
 * 4) Supervision during the changeover process

Results of the study showed that the menu cost was on average $105,887 per year, per store. This figure comprised 0.7% of revenue, 32.5% of net margins and $0.52/price change. Subsequently in order for updating prices to be beneficial the profitability of an item needed to decrease by more than 32.5%. The study concluded that menu costs have a magnitude large enough to be of macroeconomic significance.

Factors influencing menu costs
Pricing regulation

Pricing and regulatory requirements such as requiring individual price stickers on each item can increase menu costs by increasing the time needed to update prices in stores physically. The study summarised above, which detailed the magnitude of menu costs in multistore supermarkets, also investigated the impact of pricing laws that required individual price tags to be placed on items. The study found that menu costs were 2.5 times higher for the store impacted by the local pricing requirements. Further, firms not subject to the requirements were found to change the prices of 15.6% of products every week compared to 6.3% of products in the chain subject to the laws.

Number of product variants

A 2015 study published by the MIT Press, used data from a national retailer operating a large number of stores selling groceries, health and beauty products to investigate the impact of that the number of product variants has on the frequency of price change. The study concluded that cost increases led to price increases on 71.2% of occasions for products with a single variant compared to 59.8% of the time where there were seven or more variants. This result was linked with the increased price stickiness associated with the additional cost of labour required to change the price of multiple items.

Industry/market

A shift to e-commerce has seen a decrease in menu costs. A study on the price setting of Amazon Fresh (an online grocery store) found that product prices of the online retailer are less rigid than the prices of traditional brick and mortar grocery stores. The study found that on average a product listed on Amazon Fresh had 20.4 price changes in a year and the median magnitude of these changes was 10%. The study suggests that decreased pricing rigidity could be attributable to automated pricing algorithms allowing businesses to respond in real time to market shocks.

Menu costs and inflation
We may intuitively think that the relationship between menu cost and inflation rate may be very simple. A key prediction of any menu cost model is that the fraction of firms that re-price in a given time interval will increase with increases in the inflation rate. And for deflation, even large disinflations have small real effects if credibly carried out. So, the higher the inflation rate, the lower the menu cost. The two may be a clear positive correlation.

But the actual situation may not be the case.

Mikhail Golosov et al. found in a 2007 study that the real cause of menu cost changes (i.e. menu price adjustments) comes from idiosyncratic shocks – kind of unexpected shocks. When the idiosyncratic shocks in the model are shut down, the frequency of price adjustments is roughly unchanged in high inflationary environments but it is much reduced when inflation is low. That is to say, in the context of stable high inflation, sellers will not frequently adjust menu prices.

Mikhail Golosov et al. also explained the way in which idiosyncratic shocks work. Although idiosyncratic shocks may seem like a sudden change in price, their most important role is shocking to productivity or demand. That is to say, it is not simply a sudden increase in the amount of currency - therefore, the role of currency in influencing menu costs is neutral.

On the other hand, eventhough idiosyncratic shocks cause most of the price adjustments, new prices reflect both firm-level and aggregate shocks. Thus even a small inflationary shock, one which is not sufficient to lead to a price change on its own, is quickly reflected in new prices as firms react to other shocks.

To summarize, the essence of menu costs is the result of actual factors affecting the enterprise, rather than monetary factors. This is also why when discussing "Factors influencing menu costs" in the previous section of this article, only actual factors such as Pricing regulation, Number of product variables, and Industry/market are mentioned.

Analysing menu cost
When to use menu cost

Consider a firm in a hypothetical economy, with a normally distributed graph describing the relationship between the price of its goods and the firm's corresponding profit. The firm seeks to maximise profit at the corresponding price value M.

Now suppose a shock to the market shifts the profit curve to a new theoretical model. The firm must decide whether to maintain price M with a suboptimal profit level A, or adjust the price to N, which corresponds to the new maximised profit level B. Let menu cost (the cost of adjusting prices) equal Z.

If Z < B − A, then the menu cost is less than the theoretical increase in profits and adjusting prices to N is economically profitable.

Daily fluctuations in the economy lead to small shifts in firm structure, supply and demand affecting the profits curve. However, firms do not in turn adjust their prices constantly as Z acts as a buffer, making such small benefits economically unviable compared to the menu cost.

Note that as Z approaches 0, prices will constantly adjust to match the optimal profit level from the shifting economy as there is no cost to do so.

Finding menu cost

Menu cost encompasses the cost of informing consumers in the form of advertising and labour involved in repricing/ repackaging, as well as information cost for accurate profit curves and quantity demanded.

 * Z(qi, rj, sk) = A(q1, . . .,qi) + L(r1, . . .,rj) + N(s1, . . ., sk)

where A, L, and N are advertising, labour and information respectively and i, j, k are integers equal to the number of variables required for each function (e.g. L(r1,r2) is the production function labour cost of repackaging using wage per hour and quantity of boxes as two variables, therefore, j = 2). Each firm will have a different set of A, L and N functions depending on their market and firm structure. It can be reported by examining the menu prices of the restaurants in detail.

title: Menu cost


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Slaven Letica

Slaven Letica (28 June 1947 – 25 October 2020) was a Croatian author, economist, commentator and politician.

Biography
A native of Podgora, Letica graduated from the University of Zagreb Faculty of Economics in 1971. In the 1980s, Letica was a professor of sociology of medicine at the School of Medicine, University of Zagreb and a consultant for the World Health Organization, working on health service management projects in a number of countries in Europe, Asia and Africa.

In late 1980s, as the Communist grip on public discourse weakened, Letica began to use new freedoms to advocate various reforms. In doing so, he wrote many articles and columns and he began to appear in television talk shows and town hall meetings, quickly becoming one of the most popular and the most recognisable intellectuals in Yugoslavia.

In May 1990, after the first democratic elections, Franjo Tuđman made him his personal advisor. During negotiations which Tuđman pursued with the leader of the Serbs in Croatia, Jovan Rašković, Letica leaked the transcript of the secretly recorded conversation between Tuđman and Rašković to the Croatian media, hoping that some of Rašković's controversial remarks would give offense to his fellow Croatian Serbs and turn them away from his secessionist policies. As a consequence, however, the comparably moderate Rašković was replaced by Serb radicals, which hastened the start of the war in Croatia. Letica and Tuđman parted ways in March 1991 due to disagreement about Croatian politics towards Bosnia and Herzegovina.

In the following years Letica continued to appear in the Croatian media as a commentator, espousing opposition views, and became a regular columnist for Globus, a popular news magazine. During his time at Globus he gained significant notoriety due to an unsigned 1992 opinion piece (which he eventually admitted to have written), titled "Croatian Feminists are Raping Croatia", in which he attacked five Croatian feminist writers (Slavenka Drakulić, Vesna Kesić, Jelena Lovrić, Dubravka Ugrešić and Rada Iveković), accusing them of betraying Croatia. The article was a source of significant controversy which ultimately resulted in a successful defamation lawsuit against the magazine.

Political career
In the 2000 Croatian presidential election, Letica ran as an independent candidate. Although he finished fourth, the relatively high percentage of votes he won (4.14%) made him desirable to the Croatian Party of Rights (HSP), a right-wing party in desperate need to tone down its negative far-right image. Letica, with his reputation of a refined urbanite and European intellectual, served this purpose very well and on the 2003 Croatian parliamentary election, as a candidate on HSP's list, won a seat in the Sabor (Croatian Parliament).

He also associated at one point with the Croatian True Revival, a one-time political project of Miroslav Tuđman and Nenad Ivanković that failed to gain major traction in Croatian politics.

The HSP nevertheless used Letica again as their candidate in the 2005 Croatian presidential election. When Letica won fewer votes than in 2000, 2.59%, he accused the HSP of not supporting him enough. He quit the party midway through his term and remained in the Sabor until January 2008 as an independent.

In the 2007 Croatian parliamentary election, his independent list for the Zagreb region failed to gain the five percent of the vote needed to enter the Parliament.

Personal life
Letica was married to Gordana Cerjan-Letica, a sociologist and a professor at the School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb. They had two sons, Bartol (born in 1976) and Frane (born in 1982).

Works
Selected books:
 * Zdravstvo u Hrvatskoj: razvoj, stanje i perspektive (1981)
 * Kriza i zdravstvo (1984)
 * Zdravstvena politika u doba krize (1984)
 * Intelektualac i kriza (1984)
 * Četvrta Jugoslavija (1989)
 * Obećana zemlja (1992)
 * Divlje misli (1993)
 * The Road from Paradise (1993, co-author)
 * Habits of the Balkan Heart (1993, co-author)
 * Postmoderna i genocid u Bosni i Hercegovini (1997, co-author)
 * Političko pleme (1999)
 * Strašni sud (2002)
 * Medicinska sociologija (2003, co-author)

title: Slaven Letica


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List of Swedish military calibers

After the Swedish name, the international name is shown.

Calibers for revolvers, pistols and submachine guns

 * 5.7×33mm
 * 7,5 mm m/87, 7.5×23mmR Nagant
 * 9 mm m/39, 9×19mm Luger
 * 9 mm m/07, 9mm Browning Long
 * 11 mm m/71, 11×17mmR
 * 11 mm m/40, .45 ACP

Calibers for carbines, rifles, assault rifles and machine guns under 20 mm

 * Swedish 5,56 mm ptr 5, 5.56×45mm NATO
 * Swedish 6,5 mm m/94, 6.5×55mm Mauser
 * 7,62 mm ptr 10, 7.62×51mm NATO
 * 8 mm m/39, 7.92×57mm
 * 8 mm m/89, 8×58mmR Danish Krag
 * 8x63 mm patron m/32, 8×63mm Swedish MG
 * 12,7 mm m/40, 12.7×81mmSR Breda
 * 12,7 mm m/45, .50 BMG
 * 13,2 mm m/39, 13.2×99mm Hotchkiss

title: List of Swedish military calibers


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Alma Redemptoris Mater

"Alma Redemptoris Mater" ("Loving Mother of our Redeemer") is a Marian hymn, written in Latin hexameter, and one of four seasonal liturgical Marian antiphons sung at the end of the office of Compline (the other three being Ave Regina Caelorum, Regina Caeli and Salve Regina).

History
Hermannus Contractus (also called Herman the Cripple; 1013–1054) is said to have authored the hymn based on the writings of Saints Fulgentius, Epiphanius, and Irenaeus of Lyon. It is mentioned in The Prioress's Tale, one of Geoffrey Chaucer's Canterbury Tales.

At one time Alma Redemptoris Mater was briefly used as an antiphon for the hour of Sext for the feast of the Assumption, but since the 13th century it has been a part of Compline. Formerly it was recited at the end of the canonical hours only from the first Sunday in Advent until the Feast of the Purification (2 February). It was translated into English by, amongst others, John Henry Newman in "Tracts for the Times", No. 75 (Kindly Mother of the Redeemer).

Latin
Depending on the period, the following combinations of a versicle, response, and collect are added. From the first Sunday of Advent until Christmas Eve, the collect from the Fourth Sunday of Advent is used, and thereafter until the Feast of the Presentation, the collect from Solemnity of Mary, Mother of God, is used.

The first collect (“Grátiam tuam quáesumus...”) is notably also used in Masses during Advent, and is exactly the same prayer that concludes the Angelus (another Marian devotion focused on the Incarnation).

Translation of Edward Caswall (1814-1878)
In The Divine Office (1974) this is hymn number 118 and it recommends singing it to the tune SONG I, by Orlando Gibbons (1583-1625). This tune has a metre 10.10.10.10.10.10. Since the last line of the text has 12 syllables the tune will need to be modified.

Musical settings
Marc-Antoine Charpentier, 2 settings, Alma Redemptoris Mater  H.21 (1675), for 2 voices and bc, Alma Redemptoris Mater H.44 (16 ?), for soloists, chorus, 2 violins and bc.

title: Alma Redemptoris Mater


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Aptel

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. JeremyA 14:55, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Aptel
Non-notable neologism; article creator (the one who wrote most of the content - the other edits are mainly maintenance, wikificaiton, and such) has requested deletion (on talk page, I believe). – ugen64 19:44, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * delete neologism.  Grue   09:48, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * delete neologism.  Claunia   19:51, 15 Jun 2005 (GMT)
 * this is the user's second edit. And his sig is a blatant rip-off of mine ;)   Grue   19:54, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Aptel


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Chocolate spread

Chocolate spread is a sweet chocolate-flavored paste which is eaten mostly spread on breads and toasts or similar grain items such as waffles, pancakes, muffins, and pitas.

Although it tastes, smells, and looks like chocolate, it does not solidify, even at room temperature. The paste usually contains cocoa and vegetable or palm oil, and is also likely to contain milk, sugar and additional flavors. Some varieties include nuts (e.g., ground hazelnuts) or honey. Chocolate spread is normally sold in glass jars or plastic tubs.

Notable brands

 * Nutella – Italian
 * Lino Lada – Croatian
 * Nudossi – German
 * Nugatti – Norwegian
 * Nugeta – Czechoslovakia/Czech Republic
 * Nocilla – Spanish
 * Eurocrem – Serbian
 * Toastaria – Thailand
 * Kwatta – Belgium

title: Chocolate spread


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Alps (disambiguation)

The Alps are a major European mountain range.

Alps may also refer to:

Subdivisions of the Alps proper

 * Bavarian Alps, in Germany
 * Eastern Alps, in Austria, Switzerland, Germany, Italy, Slovenia and Liechtenstein
 * Julian Alps, in Italy and Slovenia
 * Northern Limestone Alps, in Austria and Germany
 * Southern Limestone Alps, in Italy, Austria and Slovenia
 * Southern Alps (Europe), in Italy, Austria and Slovenia
 * Western Alps, in France, Italy, Switzerland and Monaco

Other European mountain ranges

 * Apuan Alps, in Italy
 * Arrochar Alps, in Scotland
 * Dinaric Alps, in Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Montenegro, and Albania
 * Lyngen Alps, in mostly Norway
 * Sunnm%C3%B8rsalpane, in Norway
 * Transylvanian Alps, mostly in Romania

United States

 * Alps, Georgia, in the State of Georgia
 * Bohemian Alps, in Nebraska
 * Issaquah Alps, in the State of Washington
 * Trinity Alps, in California

Greenland

 * Nansen-Jensen Alps, North Greenland
 * Norlund Alps, in Hudson Land, NE Greenland
 * Princess Caroline-Mathilde Alps, in Holm Land, NE Greenland
 * Princess Elizabeth Alps, in Crown Prince Christian Land, NE Greenland
 * Schweizerland Alps, in King Christian IX Land, SE Greenland
 * Stauning Alps, in Scoresby Land, Greenland

Asia

 * Japanese Alps, in Japan
 * Pontic Alps, in Turkey
 * Yeongnam Alps, in South Korea

Other continents and islands

 * Australian Alps, in Australia in New South Wales, Victoria, and the ACT
 * Southern Alps (New Zealand), on the South Island of New Zealand

Solar System

 * Montes Alpes, on the Moon

Other uses

 * Alps (film), a 2011 Greek drama
 * Alps Electric, a multinational corporation based in Japan
 * The Alps (film), a 2007 American documentary film
 * The Alps (band), an English band
 * Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, a form of lymphoproliferative disorder

title: Alps (disambiguation)


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Sam Rayburn Reservoir

Sam Rayburn Reservoir is a reservoir in the United States in Deep East Texas, 70 mi north of Beaumont. The reservoir is fed by the Angelina River, the major tributary of the Neches River. The Reservoir is upstream of the Big Thicket National Preserve.

The reservoir's capacity is 3,997,600 acre.ft, and is the largest lake wholly within the state of Texas. It is the ninth largest reservoir in the United States. Sam Rayburn Reservoir is operated by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, Fort Worth district.

History
Construction began September 7, 1956, and the reservoir began serving its purpose on March 29, 1965. The main purposes of the reservoir are flood control, hydroelectric power generation, and conservation of water. Construction costs, including those for recreation facilities, were estimated at $66 million.

It was known as McGee Bend Dam and Reservoir until 1963. In September of that year, the 88th Congress adopted a special resolution changing the name to "Sam Rayburn Dam and Reservoir" in honor of the recently deceased Speaker of the House Sam Rayburn, a long-time champion of soil and water conservation. Dedication ceremonies were held on May 8, 1965.

In accordance with the 1945 federal Rivers and Harbors Act, four reservoirs were originally approved for the Neches and Angelina Rivers Basin. They were designated as Dam A, Dam B, Rockland, and McGee Bend. The first to be built was Dam B, completed on the Neches River in 1953. The name was changed to Town Bluff Dam and B. A. Steinhagen Reservoir, but locals still refer to it as Dam B. In 1955, Congress approved the funding for McGee Bend Dam and Reservoir, and construction began in 1957. Congress changed the name to Sam Rayburn Dam and Reservoir in 1963, and it was formally dedicated in 1965. The Dam A and Rockland dams, which were to be on the Neches River upstream from the convergence of the Neches and Angelina Rivers, were deemed to be unnecessary and listed as "deferred".

Lake Sam Rayburn can be crossed on Texas State Highway 147 and is a popular recreation destination, both for boating and fishing, with game fish species in the lake including largemouth bass, bluegill, and channel catfish. Due to the abundance of bass, it is home to more than 300 tournaments annually, which include tournaments such as the Bassmaster Elite Series and Opens, BASS Champs, BFL, Major League Fishing, Toyota Series, the Cabela's Texas Team Trail, Angler's Quest, Bass-n-Bucks, and McDonald's Big Bass Splash. In 2018, Lake Sam Rayburn was ranked number one by Bassmaster magazine for being the best bass lake in the nation.

Notable people
The science-fiction and fantasy writer Ardath Mayhar lived near Sam Rayburn Lake, on a homestead bordering the Attoyac River above the lake. She wrote her tales there and also at a local bookstore she ran.

title: Sam Rayburn Reservoir


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Eurogames

Eurogames may refer to:

 * Eurogame, a type of board game
 * EuroGames, an LGBT sporting event in Europe
 * Eurogames (game publisher), a French board game publisher operated by Descartes Editeur
 * European Games, an international multi-sport event contested by athletes from European nations

title: Eurogames


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Category:Falcons

 * Falcons are generally in the genus Falco.

title: Category:Falcons


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Flyjet

Flyjet was a charter airline based at London Luton Airport, United Kingdom. It was a subsidiary of Silverjet, which is licensed for worldwide charter operations. It operated from Manchester Airport and Newcastle Airport to Mediterranean holiday destinations, as well as to the Canary Islands,.

The company held a United Kingdom Civil Aviation Authority Type A Operating Licence, and was permitted to carry passengers, cargo and mail on aircraft with 20 or more seats.

Flyjet ceased operations from 31 October 2007.

History
The Airline was established in 2002 and started operations in June 2003. It was owned by Mike Hawkins (49.9%) and Shaun Dewey (49.9%) and operated from London Gatwick Airport, Newcastle International Airport and Manchester Ringway Airport. SilverJet acquired Flyjet in October 2006. The Flyjet London Gatwick base was then closed and Head Office and Operations all relocated from London Gatwick Airport to London Luton Airport. The Airline continued to operate under the Flyjet Charter brand from Newcastle and Manchester Airports, with the SilverJet Scheduled brand flying from London Luton Airport. Newcastle and Manchester bases were closed in October 2007 and the two Boeing 757-200ERs (G-FJEA, G-FJEB) were returned to the leasing company, with the Boeing 767-200ER G-FJEC (which was then re-registered as G-SJET) being retained and operated by SilverJet.

Flyjet operated flights between RAF Brize Norton and RAF Akrotiri, Cyprus, on behalf of the Royal Air Force.

Destinations
The Airline operated services to holiday destinations such as Spain, Turkey, Greece, Cyprus, Canary Islands, Egypt, Africa, India the Middle East, the Far East and the Caribbean.

Destinations:
 * Iraq - Basra
 * Cyprus - Larnaca, Paphos
 * Egypt - Sharm, Cairo
 * Ghana - Accra
 * Greece - Corfu
 * Hungary - Budapest
 * India - Amritsar
 * Ireland - Dublin, Shannon
 * Netherlands - Amsterdam
 * Portugal - Lisbon, Funchal, Faro
 * Spain - Tenerife Sur, Lanzarote, Malaga
 * Thailand - Phuket
 * Turkey - Ankara, Istanbul
 * United Kingdom Manchester, London-Luton, Glasgow

Fleet
The Flyjet fleet consisted of the following aircraft (at January 2008):

 * 2 Boeing 757-200ER
 * 3 Boeing 767-200ER (operated on scheduled services as SilverJet)

title: Flyjet


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Talk:BNSF Railway/to do

 * Discuss the former Santa Fe mainline through Raton Pass in a similar manner to the former BN mainline
 * Add a list of the company officers from BNSF inception to present
 * Add list of predecessor roads (not all 300+!)

title: Talk:BNSF Railway/to do


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Nbsdesignz

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. Sjakkalle (Check!)  14:37, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Nbsdesignz
Seems to be advertisement Yoghurt 19:49, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Agreed. Looks like an advert. MarkS 19:58, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. NeoJustin 20:24, June 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete ad. And first person creeps in. --Etacar11 02:01, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
Arturo Caprotti

Arturo Caprotti (22 March 1881 – 9 February 1938) was an Italian engineer and architect. In 1915 or 1916 he invented the Caprotti valve gear rotary cam poppet valve gear for steam engines of all kinds, but in practice it was employed almost exclusively in railway locomotives.

title: Arturo Caprotti


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Merville Gun Battery

The Merville Gun Battery is a decommissioned coastal fortification in Normandy, France, which was built as part of the Germans' Atlantic Wall to defend continental Europe from Allied invasion. It was a particularly heavily fortified position and one of the first places to be attacked by Allied forces during the Normandy Landings commonly known as D-Day. A British force under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Terence Otway succeeded in capturing this position, suffering heavy casualties.

Defences
The Merville Battery is composed of four 6 ft steel-reinforced concrete gun casemates, built by the Todt Organisation. Each was designed to protect First World War-vintage Czech-made leFH 14/19(t) 100 mm (3.93-inch) mountain howitzers with a range of 8,400 m.

Other buildings on the site include a command bunker, a building to accommodate the men, and ammunition magazines. During a visit on 6 March 1944, to inspect the defences, Field Marshal Erwin Rommel ordered the builders to work faster, and by May 1944, the last two casemates were completed.

The battery was defended by a 20 mm anti-aircraft gun and multiple machine guns in fifteen gun positions, all enclosed in an area 700 by surrounded by two barbed wire obstacles 15 ft deep by 5 ft high, which also acted as the exterior border for a 100 yd minefield. Another obstacle was an anti-tank ditch covering any approach from the nearby coast.

title: Merville Gun Battery


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Cherry Jones

Cherry Jones is an American actress. She started her career in theater as a founding member of the American Repertory Theater in 1980 before transitioning into film and television. Celebrated for her dynamic roles on stage and screen, she has received various accolades, including three Primetime Emmy Awards and two Tony Awards, as well as nominations for an Olivier Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award.

Jones made her Broadway debut in the 1987 play Stepping Out. She went on to receive two Tony Awards for Best Actress in a Play for The Heiress in 1995 and Doubt in 2005. Her other Tony-nominated roles were in Our Country's Good in 1991, A Moon for the Misbegotten in 2000, and The Glass Menagerie in 2014. Her most recent Broadway performance was in The Lifespan of a Fact in 2018.

She is also known for her work on television with breakthrough roles as Barbara Layton in The West Wing and President Allison Taylor in 24, the latter of which won her the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series in 2009. She received a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for Transparent in 2015 and earned two Primetime Emmy Awards Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series for her roles in the Hulu drama series The Handmaid's Tale in 2019 and the HBO drama series Succession in 2020.

Her film appearances include The Horse Whisperer (1998), Erin Brockovich (2000), The Perfect Storm (2000), Signs (2002), The Village (2004), Amelia (2009), The Beaver (2011), A Rainy Day in New York (2019), and The Eyes of Tammy Faye (2021).

Early life and education
Jones was born in Paris, Tennessee. Her mother was a high school teacher, and her father owned a flower shop. Her parents were very supportive of her theatrical ambitions, encouraging her interest by sending her to classes with local drama teacher, Ruby Krider. Jones takes great pains to credit her high school speech teacher, Linda Wilson, with her first real preparatory work. She is a 1978 graduate of the Carnegie Mellon School of Drama. While at CMU, she was one of the earliest actors to work at City Theatre, a fixture of Pittsburgh theatre.

Career
Most of her career has been in theater, beginning in 1980 as a founding member of the American Repertory Theater in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Her Broadway performances include Lincoln Center's 1995 production of The Heiress and also a 2005 production of John Patrick Shanley's play Doubt at the Walter Kerr Theatre. For both roles, she earned a Tony Award for Best Leading Actress in a Play.

Other Broadway credits include Nora Ephron's play Imaginary Friends (with Swoosie Kurtz), the 2000 revival of A Moon for the Misbegotten, and Timberlake Wertenbaker's Our Country's Good, for which she earned her first Tony nomination. She is considered to be one of the foremost theater actresses in the United States. In 1994, she also appeared in the Broadway run of Angels in America: Millennium Approaches and Perestroika as the Angel, replacing Ellen McLaughlin, who had originated the role.

She has narrated the audiobook adaptations of Laura Ingalls Wilder's Little House  series including, Little House in the Big Woods, Little House on the Prairie, Farmer Boy, On the Banks of Plum Creek, By the Shores of Silver Lake, The Long Winter, and Little Town on the Prairie. In recent years, Jones has ventured into feature films. Her screen credits include Cradle Will Rock, The Perfect Storm, Signs, Ocean's Twelve, and The Village.

Jones played President Taylor on the Fox series 24, a role for which she won an Emmy for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series. She played the role in the seventh season, from January to May 2009, as well as eighth season, which aired from January to May 2010.

In 2012, Jones starred in the NBC drama series Awake as psychiatrist Dr. Judith Evans.

Also in 2012, she portrayed Amanda Wingfield in the Loeb Drama Center's revival of Tennessee Williams' The Glass Menagerie alongside Zachary Quinto, Brian J. Smith and Celia Keenan-Bolger.

In 2014, Cherry Jones was inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame.

In 2015 and 2016 Jones had a recurring role on the Primetime Emmy Award-winning Amazon comedy-drama series Transparent in its second and third seasons. She was nominated for the Critics' Choice Television Award for Best Guest Performer in a Comedy Series for her work in the 2015 season.

In 2016, she appeared in "Nosedive", an episode of the anthology series Black Mirror.

In 2018, Jones played Holly, the feminist mother to June/Offred in The Handmaid's Tale. She won an Emmy for her performance.

In 2019, Jones played the role of a grouchy psychic and tarot card reader in the comedy Wine Country, directed by Amy Poehler.

Personal life
In 1995, when Jones accepted her first Tony Award, she thanked her then-partner, architect Mary O'Connor, with whom she had an 18-year relationship.

She started dating actress Sarah Paulson in 2004. When she accepted her Best Actress Tony in 2005 for her work in Doubt, she thanked "Laura Wingfield", the Glass Menagerie character being played in the Broadway revival by Paulson. In 2007, Paulson and Jones declared their love for each other in an interview with Velvetpark at Women's Event 10 for the LGBT Center of New York. Paulson and Jones ended their relationship amicably in 2009.

In mid-2015, Jones married filmmaker Sophie Huber.

title: Cherry Jones


text:
Talk:Treaty of Versailles, 1783

Votes for deletion
This page was recently nominated for deletion, and the consensus decision was to keep it, merge it with another article, and/or redirect it to another article. The deletion debate is archived here. – ugen64 19:52, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Treaty of Versailles, 1783