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Saugeen Shores

Saugeen Shores is a town in Bruce County, Ontario, Canada, formed in 1998. In addition to the two main population centres of Southampton and Port Elgin, the town includes a portion of the village of Burgoyne and the North Bruce area, straddling the municipal eastern and southern boundary respectively. In 2016, the permanent population of Saugeen Shores was 13,715, in a land area of 171.05 km2.

The primary employment categories are agriculture, small business, tourism and employment at the Bruce Power nuclear power station. The population doubles in the summer due to cottagers and campers who arrive in the area. Close to MacGregor Point Provincial Park, the town has several beaches on Lake Huron.

History
The name "Saugeen" is the corrupted form of the word Zaagiing in the language of the Chippewas of Saugeen Ojibway Territory, meaning "at the river's outlet" or "at the mouth of the river".

The area that is now Port Elgin was settled by Europeans in 1849, when Lachlan McLean ("Loch Buie") built a shanty and lived in it for the winter. For several years he ran a tavern, his patrons consisting primarily of settlers and sailors passing through the little port. In spring 1852 George Butchart built a dam and saw-mill on Mill Creek.

According to an Ontario historic plaque, Butchart sold the mill to Benjamin Shantz who built a grist-mill, and within three years a community of 250 people had developed around these mills. Stores, hotels and tanneries were constructed and in March 1857, a village plot named Port Elgin was laid out. The enterprise of its businessmen, notably Henry Hilker, Samuel Bricker and John Stafford, contributed to the development of the settlement, which had a population of over 600 by 1867. The arrival of the Wellington, Grey and Bruce Railway in 1872 further stimulated the growth of the community and it was incorporated as a village in 1874 with a population of about 950." By 1854, the community had three houses, a tavern, and mill. Shops, churches, schools, and roads followed, and ten years later the population totalled six hundred and thirty.  Early industries included a steam sawmill, foundry, and woolen mill. In 1873, the railway arrived, allowing Southampton and Port Elgin products to travel out into the world.

Southampton was founded by Captains John Spence and William Kennedy in 1848.

Commercial fishing and coastal trade drove the economy, with the Saugeen River and Lake Huron making for ideal transportation before roads had been built. Its name was changed from Saugeen in 1858. The Chantry Island Lightstation Tower (off Southampton) was completed in April 1859, guiding sailors clear of the underwater boulders that make navigation dangerous. Southampton was incorporated as a town in 1904; at the time, its population was 2,400. The economic base included furniture factories, a tannery and a sawmill. The town built a hospital in 1947, a post office in 1952, a library in 1956, an arena in 1961 (replaced in 1977) and a new firehall in 1974.

On January 30, 1998, the provincial government amalgamated the Towns of Southampton and Port Elgin, together with Saugeen Township, to form the Town of Port Elgin-Saugeen-Southampton. On December 17, 1998, the Province renamed the entity as the Town of Saugeen Shores.

The town's Official Plan (most recently completed in 2014) includes the following comment about the land area: "The Chippewas of the Saugeen First Nation and the Chippewas of Nawash First Nation have filed a Native Land Claim for the islands in the Saugeen River, the lands that border the north side of the Saugeen River and the shoreline from the mouth of the Saugeen River northerly around the Bruce Peninsula."

The community was once home to Bluewater Speedway, a stock car track located across the road from Piper's Glen Golf Club just outside of Port Elgin.

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Saugeen Shores had a population of $15,908$ living in $6,905$ of its $8,548$ total private dwellings, a change of NaN% from its 2016 population of $13,715$. With a land area of 170.19 km2, it had a population density of in 2021.

Government
Saugeen Shores Council includes a mayor, a deputy mayor, a vice deputy mayor and six councillors. The following were elected in 2018:

Economy

The major economic activities in this region are agriculture, small business, electricity generation and tourism. The town of Saugeen Shores has recently experienced a boom in development, with the addition of stores such as Walmart and Shopper's Drugmart, an "Independent Grocer", plus expansions of Canadian Tire, two Rexall Pharmaplus stores, one in Port Elgin, the other in Southampton.

The Town's Official Plan (2014) recognizes the value of a broad objective. "Saugeen Shores will continue to be a leader in Bruce County in providing a place for individuals, families, retirees, culture, tourism, business and industrial opportunities."

A new Saugeen Shores' new Economic Development Advisory Committee (EDAC) was formed in 2017 including council members from Port Elgin and Southampton, as well as citizens. The town offered this comment about the plans for the group: "The Committee's set of responsibilities has yet to be finalized but among them will be to... make recommendations respecting implementation of the Community Improvement Plans (CIP), Streetscape plans and Facade Improvement Studies in both Port Elgin and Southampton including capital improvements.... One of its most important roles will be to advise Council on the development of policy and programs related to economic vitality with a view to enhancing prosperity through coordinated public investment fostering private development and retention of existing jobs". A major employer of the workforce living in Saugeen Shores, the Bruce Nuclear Generating Station in Tiverton, Ontario, started a $13 billion refurbishment program in 2016 which will provide employment for many residents and maintain demand for other services. According to Bruce Power, this multi-year plan "will generate between 1,500 and 2,500 jobs on site annually – and 18,000 across Ontario directly and indirectly – while injecting up to $4 billion annually into Ontario’s economy".

Agriculture
Agriculture is the longest standing economic practice in the region. Intensive livestock operations include beef and dairy, cattle and hogs. Over a third of Ontario's beef industry is based in Bruce County. Two-thirds of the land within Saugeen Shores is excellent for cash crops. Fresh produce grown locally is sold locally too.

Beef and dairy farming are the primary agricultural activities with orchards, berries, and some large market gardens also in operation.

Small business
Southampton resembles a quaint village with a variety of retail stores, boutiques, restaurants, gift shops, and automotive garages. Port Elgin's main street features varied retail uses plus gift shops, restaurants, grocery stores, boutiques, and novelty shops.

The Port Elgin Business Park has land for industrial and commercial uses. Businesses already located here are in the transportation, fuel, technology, recreation and automotive sectors. The Municipal Offices, Community Complex, Police Department and Bruce County Library Headquarters are also here.

Electricity generation
Saugeen Shores and Ontario's energy sector have a long-standing relationship via the region's largest employer. Bruce Power, the licensed operator of the Bruce Nuclear Generating Station, forms the core of the municipality's economic base by providing highly skilled, well paid jobs. More than a third of its 3,500 employees reside in Saugeen Shores.

Tourism
The long sandy beach attracts visitors who are primarily families; many rent or own cottages in the area. (Young singles tend to prefer Sauble Beach some 18 kilometers north of Southampton.) The entire Saugeen Shores beach of the Lake Huron shore faces west so it is famous for its beautiful fabulous sunsets on the water. Cottage Life magazine rated the area highly in its article "10 Spectacular Places to Watch a Sunset in Ontario": "With clear skies, a dry atmosphere, and an unobstructed view of the skyline, many of the west-facing towns along the shores of Lake Huron have the perfect conditions for a breathtaking sunset."

The area also features Port Elgin's busy harbour, Southampton's serene Chantry Island, to the Saugeen river winding its way through the countryside of Saugeen Township. Summer residents are a longstanding feature of Saugeen Shores. In addition to cottages, the communities are also home to a number of trailer parks, hotels and two municipal tourist camps. The local population more than doubles during the summer, substantially benefitting local businesses. Highlights include the Chantry Island Imperial Lighthouse tours; the Bruce County Museum and Cultural Centre; walking, running, and cycling trails.

The Bruce County Museum & Cultural Centre provides displays about local history and in summer especially, offers adult and children's programming and special events. These are listed in the Shoreline Beacon community newspaper. The museum has been enlarged over the years. In addition to a settlers' cabin, the facility houses numerous historic artifacts from the area, genealogical records, county newspapers, photographs, and municipal documents.

The Chantry Island lighthouse in Southampton, now completely renovated, was completed in 1859, first lit on April 1, with Duncan McGregor Lambert as the first keeper. The tower and the keeper's home have been extensively renovated. From late-May to mid-September, tours of Chantry Island are available from only one company, reaching the island on a small boat that leaves from the ticket office by the fishing boat docks. The tower and the keeper's home have been extensively renovated but the island is a federal bird sanctuary and access is otherwise prohibited.

Three other lighthouses have been designated under the federal Heritage Lighthouse Protection Act in 2012: McNab Point and both the Front and Rear Range lights at the Saugeen River Front.

The TripAdvisor travel web site's users who have visited Port Elgin recommend the nearby MacGregor Point Provincial Park, the Saugeen Rail Trail walking/cycling route, the Brucedale Conservation Area with small camp sites, and the several nearby golf courses.

The three top-rated attractions in Southampton according to TripAdvisor user reviews are the Southampton Board Walk (along the lakefront), the Bruce County Museum & Cultural Centre and the Southampton Art School and Gallery. The fourth on the list is the tour of Chantry Island Lighthouse. The site also recommends the canoeing and kayaking opportunities offered by Thorncrest Outfitters on the Saugeen River, the walking trail around Fairy Lake (downtown) and the various golf courses in the area.

Saugeen Rail Trail
After the railways ceased to service the area, the tracks were removed and the beds were vacant and overgrown. According to the Saugeen RailTrail Association, the  group of volunteers was formed in 1990 and convinced Port Elgin, Southampton and Saugeen Township to acquire sections of the then unused rail bed. Over the years, the bed has been developed as trails for walking and cycling. The trail connects Southampton and Port Elgin. The trail also connects to the 80 kilometre long Bruce County Trail Network which leads to towns such as Paisley, Walkerton, Mildmay and Kincardine.

The trailhead can be accessed at River Street in Port Elgin, a few blocks north of the town centre and east of Hwy 21. There are other access points in both towns, some with parking. The trail is not groomed for cross country skiing during the winter but is used frequently for that purpose. Maps of the trails are available on the web site of the Saugeen Railtrail Association.

Education
Education is administered by the Bluewater District School Board. Schools in Saugeen Shores include École Port Elgin Saugeen Central School, Saugeen District Senior School, Northport Elementary School, St. Joseph School, and G.C. Huston. As well as other private education facilities, such as the Port Elgin Montessori School and The Learning Academy.

Health care
The town's hospital is in Southampton, Saugeen Memorial. Many physicians' practices are at the Saugeen Shores Medical Building and the Dr Earl Health Centre. The hospital is part of the Grey Bruce Health Services' network of hospitals in northern Bruce and in Grey County. Facilities include 16 beds, a 24-hour emergency department, surgery, acute medical care and outpatient services. According to the local Health Care Services, other facilities include:

 * Chaplaincy Services
 * Diagnostic Imaging Department including x-ray, ECG, Holter monitoring, ultrasound
 * Inpatient Medical Care (Acute Care)
 * Laboratory Services
 * Physiotherapy
 * Surgical Services

The hospital also houses other community health providers. Day surgery services are offered and include ear, nose and throat surgery.

Retirement and assisted living
Saugeen Shores has two retirement and assisted living facilities, and one nursing home. Long Term Care programs are also available to provide in home support allowing elderly residents to live at home as long as possible.

The Town of Saugeen Shores includes senior service groups and clubs as well as aid providers and senior homes that offer full services. Relevant providers include Home and Community Support Services Grey Bruce, two assisted living residences, the Hampton Court Retirement Lodge (Southampton) and Kingsway Arms at Elgin Lodge (Port Elgin) and Southampton Care Centre long-term care home. Social and other services for seniors are available at PARC 55+ (Port Elgin) and Chantry Senior Centre (Southampton).

As well, the Saugeen Shores Chamber of Commerce webpage offers a full listing of seniors' leisure groups and clubs.

Churches
Nineteen churches across a large area, representing most major denominations, serve the municipality's spiritual needs.

Mosques
Saugeen Shores has one mosque at the Maple Square Mall in Port Elgin.

Recreation

 * The Rail Trail is popular with walkers, cyclists, and joggers, cross country skiers and for snowshoeing, Additional trails are continually being developed under the Town's Parks and Trails Master Plan.
 * A multitude of snowmobile, cross county ski, mountain bike, and ATV trails throughout Bruce and Grey Counties attract enthusiasts. Nearby, the Bruce Trail traverses the length of the scenic Bruce Peninsula.
 * MacGregor Point Provincial Park is an all-season destination for camping, hiking, swimming, wildlife and bird watching. In winter, visitors can camp in yurts, cross-country ski, hike, or go skating.
 * The Saugeen River, stretching 102 kilometres from Hanover to Southampton, is popular with canoeists and kayakers from across Ontario. Access points and parks provide facilities along the way.
 * For fishers, Lake Huron has salmon, trout, pickerel, and whitefish. The Chantry Chinook Classic Salmon Derby is held each year, usually from about mid July to the second week of August.
 * Saugeen Shores and boating are synonymous. Whether sailing or power boating, Saugeen Shores' main harbour can accommodate with 274 slips and all amenities.  http://www.saugeenshores.ca/municipal/recreation.php?PageID=181
 * Saugeen Shores has five golf courses, over 15 tennis courts, fitness centres, public pool, two arenas, skate park, BMX track, and many organized sports. There are numerous community and service organizations, senior centres and activities, parks, a dog park and many community events.

Arts, culture, and heritage

 * Saugeen Shores is home to two theatre groups, the community focused Performing Arts of Saugeen Shores (PASS) and Bruce County Playhouse.
 * Pumpkinfest, attracting more than 60,000 visitors, is the premier cultural event held the first weekend of October.
 * In September, the Canadian Big Band Celebration recalls the Big Band Era. Port Elgin and Southampton band shell concerts entertain music lovers throughout the summer.  Concerts are held in various venues year round.  http://www.canadianbigband.ca/
 * Since 1957, thousands of students have explored their creativity at the Southampton Art School, one of Ontario's oldest, most respected seasonal art schools. From painting to sculpture, over 900 students attend classes from May to October.  http://www.southamptonartschool.com/
 * Each summer, the Shoreline Artists' annual Studio Tour provides a tantalizing glimpse into area artists' workspaces. For 40 years, the Annual Southampton Craft Show in July has drawn a wide variety of vendors.  Other craft shows occur throughout the summer and the rest of the year. http://www.shorelineartists.com/
 * Musicians of all ages participate in the week-long Southampton Summer Music Camp http://summermusic.com
 * Saugeen Shores houses three public library branches (belonging to the Bruce County Public Library), one in Southampton, one in Port Elgin, and the Bruce County Public Library Headquarters located between the two communities along Highway 21.
 * The Municipal Heritage Committee's goal is preserving the community's heritage and has implemented a successful "Heritage Property Plaque Program" and self-guided historic walking tours. The Bruce County Museum & Cultural Centre houses the County Archive and artifacts.  The Chantry Island keepers' house and gardens have been restored and open seasonally for tours; the island is now a bird sanctuary.  Many groups work to preserve the community's heritage, including the Generalogical, Historical, and Marine Heritage Societies.
 * Local band 12BeLowZero accurately chronicles life in the area with their song Bruce County Blues. 12belowzero.bandcamp.com

Notable people
Historically significant people with connections to what is now Saugeen Shores include the following:

 * John Bell (explorer), originally from Scotland, was a Hudson's Bay Company fur trader and explorer who worked extensively in the Mackenzie District and in what is now the Yukon Territory. He established Fort McPherson, Northwest Territories. After retiring in 1860, he settled in Saugeen Township where he farmed until his death.
 * Robert Hanbidge, a lawyer and politician from the area, became Lieutenant Governor of Saskatchewan in 1963.
 * David Milne an artist, was born in Burgoyne but moved to Paisley at age 8. He became a school teacher and taught in the area before leaving to study art in New York in 1903. Many of his paintings are in the National Gallery of Canada's collection.

title: Saugeen Shores


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Talk:Ludwig zu Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg

Untitled
He was not the greatest private landowner in Europe, because in the ranks of Russian landowners he came only the tenth. -Ghirlandajo 16:15, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Well done! I hadn't a clue who he really was. --Milicz 22:27, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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LaSalle County Nuclear Generating Station

LaSalle County Nuclear Generating Station, located in Brookfield Township, LaSalle County, Illinois, near Marseilles, 11 mi southeast of Ottawa, serves Chicago and Northern Illinois with electricity. The plant is owned and operated by Constellation Energy following separation from Exelon Corporation in 2022. Its Units 1 and 2 began commercial operation in October 1982, and October 1984, respectively.

It has two General Electric boiling water reactors. LaSalle's Unit 1 and Unit 2 together produce 2,320 megawatts, which is enough electricity for the needs of 2.3 million American homes. Instead of cooling towers, the station has a 2058 acre man-made cooling lake, which is also a popular fishery — LaSalle Lake State Fish and Wildlife Area — managed by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources.

Surrounding population
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission defines two emergency planning zones around nuclear power plants: a plume exposure pathway zone with a radius of 10 mi, concerned primarily with exposure to, and inhalation of, airborne radioactive contamination, and an ingestion pathway zone of about 50 mi, concerned primarily with ingestion of food and liquid contaminated by radioactivity.

The 2010 U.S. population within 10 mi of LaSalle was 17,643, an increase of 7.1 percent in a decade, according to an analysis of U.S. Census data for msnbc.com. The 2010 U.S. population within 50 mi was 1,902,775, an increase of 22.6 percent since 2000. Cities within 50 miles include Joliet (34 miles to city center).

Site area emergency
On February 20, 2006, a "site area emergency" was declared at the plant at 12:28 AM. This was the first SAE declared at a US nuclear plant since 1991. Workers were shutting down Unit 1 for refueling when the plant's turbine control system malfunctioned, SCRAMing the reactor. The reactor had been operating at 6 percent power output at the time. Plant instruments indicated three of 185 control rods used to shut down the reactor were not fully inserted triggering the emergency declaration. After a reset, the plant's instruments indicated that only one control rod was not fully inserted, not three. The emergency ended at 4:27 AM with no damage or release of radioactivity.

Post trip evaluations have confirmed that all control rods were fully inserted within four minutes of the reactor SCRAM. A review indicates the problem was with the indication sensors, and that all control rods were fully inserted immediately at the time of the reactor scram. Follow-up evaluations also demonstrated that even if the three subject control rods remained fully withdrawn in a cold shutdown condition, the reactor would have remained adequately shutdown.

Seismic risk
The Nuclear Regulatory Commission's estimate of the risk each year of an earthquake intense enough to cause core damage to the reactor at LaSalle was 1 in 357,143, according to an NRC study published in August 2010.


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Talk:Kermit (protocol)

Move
Anyone object to me moving this somewhere and making a dab page for here? Surely the frog is at least as famous. Morwen - Talk 16:16, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Requested move
I would suggest Kermit should be a disambiguation, and this be moved somewhere - possibly to Kermit (protocol)? Articles for the dab page: Kermit the Frog (arguably the most famous), Kermit, Texas and Kermit, West Virginia. sjorford #£@%&$?!  10:00, 14 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Oppose. See Kermit (disambiguation). --Philip Baird Shearer 15:27, 14 September 2005 (UTC)
 * ... which you've just created. You had me worried there for a second, I thought it'd been there all along and I'd missed it. Anyway, my opinion is unchanged. sjorford #£@%&$?!  20:48, 14 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Support. I would support moving Kermit the Frog to Kermit, and moving the protocol to Kermit (protocol). The protocol has been quite obsolete for some years now. -- Curps 01:22, 24 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Support, agree with Curps. -Hapsiainen 10:43, 27 September 2005 (UTC)

 * Dab page at Kermit linking to Kermit the Frog, Kermit (protocol), etc. –Hajor 19:38, 11 October 2005 (UTC)

Move complete: Kermit is now the dab page, and the protocol was moved to Kermit (protocol). --Mairi 18:12, 13 October 2005 (UTC)

Origin of the name "kermit"
This article currently asserts Kermit was named for the Kermit the Frog from the Muppets. If this is so, there ought to be a reference to back it up.

On the one hand, Kermit the Frog and the Muppets were on TV in the 1970s, and kermit the protocol was written in 1981-82 at Columbia University, so time-wise, it could be true.

On the other hand:
 * The Free Online Dictionary of Computing (on which this article is based) says nothing about the origin of the name.
 * I searched Columbia University's history of kermit, and found no mention of frog or Muppet.
 * In old kermit source code, I found this:

I would say the preponderance of the evidence is against being named for Kermit the Frog. Any other evidence? Jedwards01 01:04, 9 November 2005 (UTC)

 * A current web page at Columbia University states: The Kermit protocol and software are named after Kermit the Frog, star of the television series, The Muppet Show; the name Kermit is used by permission of Henson Associates, Inc. Let's leave it the way it is. Jedwards01 01:36, 9 November 2005 (UTC)

3. Why? Mostly because there was a Muppets calendar on the wall when we were trying to think of a name, and Kermit is a pleasant, unassuming sort of character. But since we weren't sure whether it was OK to name our protocol after this popular television and movie star, we pretended that KERMIT was an acronym; unfortunately, we could never find a good set of words to go with the letters, as readers of some of our early source code can attest. Later, while looking through a name book for his forthcoming baby, Bill Catchings noticed that Kermit was a Celtic word for free, which is what all Kermit programs should be, and words to this effect replaced the strained acronyms in our source code (Bill's baby turned out to be a girl, so he had to name her Becky instead). When BYTE Magazine was preparing our 1984 Kermit article for publication, they suggested we contact Henson Associates Inc. for permission to say that we did indeed name the protocol after Kermit the Frog. Permission was kindly granted, and now the real story can be told. I resisted the temptation, however, to call the present work “Kermit the Book.”
 * I will risk the ire of copyright gods by quoting the entire footnote 3 from page 3 of Frank da Cruz, Kermit: A File Transfer Protocol, Digital Press, 1987, ISBN 0-932376-88-6:

I seem to recall (vaguely, and deep in my memory banks) reading years ago that Kermit the Frog was the protocol's namesake because, as the only character common to both, he acted as a sort of "bridge" between Sesame Street and the Muppet Show. But perhaps this is either misremembered or a false folk etymology. 99.140.176.218 (talk) 23:50, 25 September 2010 (UTC)

Bootstrapping
The bootstrapping mentioned is not booting a computer. It should be made more clear. I cannot think of a good enough way to write it, so I'masking for assistance.--Jimktrains 19:43, 5 August 2006 (UTC)

Alterning the link from Bootstrapping (computing])] to [[Bootstrapping (computing) should cover it. --Philip Baird Shearer 13:26, 10 February 2007 (UTC)

1980's?
I don't think it was used only in the 1980's -- I was using it regularly through the mid-1990's, and SLIP/PPP wasn't included as a standard part of Windows until Windows 95. It wasn't all that long ago that there were a still a fair number of funky computer and communications-line setups in various parts of the world, and Kermit was prepared to handle many of the situations where a computer running a GUI and connected to the Internet by TCP/IP was not necessarily too feasible... AnonMoos (talk) 09:19, 26 October 2008 (UTC)

 * I do think Kermit is pretty much 1980's. The fact is that Kermit usage is strongly linked to serial ports, dial-in modems and bulletin board systems. Also that in the 1990's the BBS's got replaced by the Internet, hence Kermit replaced by SLIP and then PPP. In the 2000's dial-in modems got replaced by ADSL so Kermit was not even needed to test or setup a dialin modem. Today ("the 2010's") some desktop pc's and lots of notebooks do not have a serial port (or builtin modem) anymore. While Kermit is still in some use, usage has declined since the coming of the Internet, even in countries that have a low penetration of ADSL. The story of Kermit somewhat reflects that of the Hayes modems. Now its only use is in very specialized applications, when all other means of communication fail, such as connecting incompatible systems at the ISS in 2003. Apparently, a more recent interesting application is hard to find. PotatoEater (talk) 20:40, 23 April 2010 (UTC)

 * I would agree that its "mainstream" usage has probably been going downhill since about 1994; however, it was probably still going uphill in 1991-1992, and it didn't become positively antiquated in non-specialist use until the late 1990's, so saying that it was effectively confined to the 1980s is an unfortunate oversimplification... AnonMoos (talk) 15:06, 4 August 2011 (UTC)

Hi, I'm Frank da Cruz, founder and director of the Kermit Project at Columbia University. I just happened upon this article and, worse, these comments. There is opinion and then there is objective reality. If Kermit died in the 1980s then how is it that the Kermit Project was able to sustain itself with revenue -- hard currency -- from licensing the Windows version of the software to companies, government agencies, universities, hospitals, and so forth, and to sell tens of thousands of copies of the shrinkwrapped version -- right up until today? I suggest that any Wikipedia contributor who subscribes to the picture painted in the current version of this article (2010-09-15) pay a visit to the Kermit Project website listed in the links section and read at least the page called "What Is Kermit?" and from there follow the link to the page called "Popular Misconceptions". The thing that is stuck in the 80s is this Wikipedia article and I have to say it reflects very poorly on Wikipedia. The Kermit website is huge repository of information, discussion, and software, please spend some time with it to see what has occurred in the last 25 years since you last looked. Infodom (talk) 18:43, 15 September 2010 (UTC)

The Tone of the Article needs improvement
I think the tone of the article is seriously misleading as it does not in any way explain that modern computer users are extremely unlikely to ever have anything to do with Kermit, directly or indirectly. When reading the article one gets the impression that it is cutting edge protocol that is seriously used for many purposes even in the 2000s.

 * Support, this article indicates that the KERMIT protocol is the 'de facto data communications standard' however I cannot find any resources that support this.
 * Possible Bias: Two of the three sources on this page come from Columbia University the creator of KERMIT.
 * Additionally the International Space Station implemented the Kermit Software Program (as stated in the referenced source) not the actual protocol, perhaps the two should be separated. J0514H (talk) 10:44, 27 April 2009 (UTC)

 * Agree that the article could do more to establish the historical context, but here's an article which uses Kermit as an example of a de facto standard. The reference for the ISS use doesn't go into much technical detail, but it appears they used Kermit applications to allow the transfer of data between two incompatible computer systems - I'd be very surprised if this didn't involve using the Kermit protocol! Letdorf (talk) 19:33, 27 April 2009 (UTC).

 * I've now made a few tweaks to tone down the slightly non-NPOV phrases, use more of the past tense and add the above ref. Letdorf (talk) 20:25, 27 April 2009 (UTC).

ASCII and EBCDIC
Mention needs to be made of Kermit's use as a simple way to move ASCII files to EBCDIC and vise versa and the use of Kermit as a terminal emulator on ASCII machines such as (CP/M), and IBM PC DOS and MS DOS PCs attached to IBM mainframes. -- PBS (talk) 22:35, 21 April 2010 (UTC)

FOLDOC
This edit on 30 October 2004 by an IP address introduced some paragraphs into the article and also the FOLDOC. But as the article already existed, I suggest that the paragraphs that were introduced with that edit are cited as coming from Free On-line Dictionary of Computing and then the template is removed as most of the text does not come from that source. -- PBS (talk) 15:01, 12 September 2010 (UTC)

Terminal emulator
The topic has "Terminal emulators" listed in the categories. However, except for a one-line mention of Kermit 95, none of the topic deals with terminal emulators. TEDickey (talk) 12:47, 11 September 2011 (UTC)

 * Classic Kermit implementations usually included some kind of terminal emulation - see here ("In addition, many Kermit programs also make connections over various communication media and act as a terminal"). Letdorf (talk) 16:41, 11 September 2011 (UTC).

 * That "act as a terminal" is referring to Kermit 95 and its predecessor (not discussed in this topic) MS-DOS Kermit. My point is that if there's no substantial discussion in the topic of the terminal emulation features, it's confusing to the reader.  Particularly with the long-standing confusion on usenet regarding C-Kermit TEDickey (talk) 17:11, 11 September 2011 (UTC)

 * Lots of microcomputer implementations (Kermit-80, Kermit-65, Mac Kermit etc) provided terminal emulation (typically VT52 or VT100). C-Kermit provided terminal functionality using the native local terminal type, in much the same way as the UNIX tip or cu commands. I agree the article could have a lot more detail on the various Kermit programs, and the typical features of them. Regards, Letdorf (talk) 23:17, 11 September 2011 (UTC).
 * If you're going to follow that line of argument, we'll have to add scp, sftp, ftp and the like as "terminal emulators", even though that's far from the usual sense of the term. Not all communications programs are what someone would recognize as a terminal interface TEDickey (talk) 23:29, 11 September 2011 (UTC)

The most ported program?
It would be interesting to know if this is the most ported user-level program? Family Guy Guy (talk) 20:45, 9 June 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Kermit (protocol)


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Lisa Ling

Lisa J. Ling (born August 30, 1973) is an American journalist and television personality. She is a news contributor for CBS News. Previously, she was the host for This Is Life with Lisa Ling  on CNN, a reporter on Channel One News, a co-host on the ABC daytime talk show The View (1999–2002), the host of National Geographic Explorer (2003–2010), and a special correspondent for The Oprah Winfrey Show. Ling later hosted Our America with Lisa Ling on the Oprah Winfrey Network from 2011 to 2014.

Early life
Ling was born in Sacramento, California. Her mother, Mary Mei-yan (née Wang), is a Taiwanese immigrant from Tainan, Taiwan, who served as the head of the Los Angeles office of the Formosan Association for Public Affairs. Ling's father, Chung Teh "Douglas" Ling, is a Chinese immigrant, born in Hong Kong in 1937. Her paternal grandmother was born on Labuan, now in modern-day Malaysia. Her paternal grandfather, who was from Guangzhou, Guangdong, was one of the first Chinese students allowed to study in the United States in the 1930s. He earned a degree from New York University and an M.B.A degree from University of Colorado. He struggled to find a job in the United States. He moved to California where he eventually opened the first Chinese restaurant in Folsom.

Ling's parents divorced when she was seven years old. Following the divorce, she and her sister Laura were raised by their father in Carmichael, near Sacramento. Ling admired reporter Connie Chung and aspired to become a journalist.

Ling was educated at Del Campo High School in Fair Oaks, California, graduating in 1991. She studied at the University of Southern California in Los Angeles.

Ling chose to leave USC before graduating, starting work as a reporter for Channel One News, and electing to "find her education by visiting different countries instead." Speaking to USC students in 2016, Ling explained, "I think traveling is the best education. If there's one takeaway here tonight, it's to travel. I'm convinced that you are better, smarter, more marketable as a job candidate if you travel." She is fluent in Spanish.

The View (1999–2002)
Ling started in television when she was chosen as one of the four hosts of Scratch, a nationally syndicated teen magazine show based in Sacramento. At 18, she joined Channel One News as one of their youngest reporters and anchors. Among her roles was war correspondent, including assignments in Iraq and Afghanistan. She won several awards for her reporting and documentaries.

She joined The View on August 2, 1999, after beating out a reported 12,000 hopefuls who had auditioned to replace Debbie Matenopoulos. During her on-air audition for the show Ling got a navel piercing which Barbara Walters "thought was disgusting." Ling left the show after three and a half years towards the end of 2002 to go back to international reporting. She was responsible for proposing segments like investing for women, and, according to Ling, her goal was to say one thing each day that would make people think, whether it made them cheer or made them throw things at their TV. She drew both fire and praise for her comments after the September 11, 2001 attacks, in which she said, "What happened to the United States was a catastrophic event and the worst terrorist attack in human history. Yet maybe before we seek revenge, we should ask the question – why should anyone want to make such an attack on the U.S.?"

National Geographic and Oprah (2003–2010)
Ling accepted an offer to host National Geographic Ultimate Explorer. In 2005, the show moved to the National Geographic Channel and returned to its original name, National Geographic Explorer. Ling has covered the drug war in Colombia, investigated the notorious MS-13 gang, and explored the culture of U.S. prisons. She also was allowed to travel into North Korea as part of a medical missionary group, where she and a film team were able to document a rare look into North Korea. The trip was documented in the 2007 National Geographic documentary "Inside North Korea".

She then became a special correspondent for The Oprah Winfrey Show which has featured many of Ling's investigative pieces, including a report on North Korea. Ling's title is "Oprah Show Investigative Reporter." She also has reported on bride burning in India, gang rape in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Lord's Resistance Army in Uganda, child trafficking in Ghana, under cover investigation of Pennsylvanian puppy mills with Main Line Animal Rescue, the immediate aftermath of the hurricane in New Orleans, and the April 2007 Virginia Tech Massacre.

Planet in Peril and Our America (2008–2014)
In December 2008, CNN's award-winning documentary Planet in Peril featured Ling in the series' second installment, called "Battlelines". As a correspondent, she tracked excessive shark fishing in Costa Rica, elephant poaching in Chad, and explored the civil struggle within Nigeria for control over its oil. In 2010 Ling co-founded the website SecretSocietyOfWomen.com, a forum for women to share their problems anonymously.

On February 16, 2011, her 2014 Emmy Award Winning show Our America with Lisa Ling premiered on OWN: The Oprah Winfrey Network. It ran for five straight seasons.

This Is Life (2014–2022)
On April 14, 2014, CNN announced that Ling would host a documentary series titled, This is Life with Lisa Ling, in its primetime lineup. The show premiered on September 28, 2014.

In November 2022, the series was cancelled after then-CNN CEO Chris Licht discontinued CNN Original Series supplied by outside production companies.

HBO Max deal (2019–present)
On October 22, 2019, it was announced that Ling had signed an overall deal with HBO's streaming service HBO Max. The first project that Ling will create with HBO Max is titled Birth, Wedding, Funeral.

On April 22, 2021, it was announced that HBO Max had ordered Ling's six-part documentary series titled Take Out. The series will explore the world of America's Asian takeout restaurants and the lives of the people and families who keep them running.

CBS News (2023–present)
On May 31, 2023, it was announced that Ling was hired as contributor for CBS News, reporting in-depth stories for its programs including CBS News Sunday Morning.

Personal life
In 2004, Ling met businessman Philip Levine of Florida through mutual friends. They started dating and were engaged on February 18, 2005. In October of that year, she broke it off, telling People magazine the main reason was their busy schedules, especially the frequent global travel required by her job.

On January 3, 2007, she announced her engagement to radiation oncologist Paul Song. They married on May 26, 2007, in Los Angeles, California. The wedding party included guests such as Connie Chung, one of Lisa's personal heroes, and actresses Kelly Hu and Diane Farr.

On June 7, 2009, she was awarded an honorary doctorate from National University, and gave the commencement speech there.

Ling gave birth to her first child, a daughter named Jett Ling Song, on March 8, 2013. She gave birth to a second child, a daughter named Ray Ling Song, on June 6, 2016. The family resides in Santa Monica, California.

Her younger sister, Laura Ling, also a journalist, was managing editor of Vanguard at Current TV and a host and reporter on E! Network. In March 2009 Laura and her colleague Euna Lee were detained by North Korea for illegal entry into the country. They had been attempting to film refugees along the border with China. In June, they were sentenced to 12 years in a labor prison for illegal entry into North Korea, and unspecified hostile acts. North Korea released Laura and Euna on August 4, 2009, after a visit from former U.S. President Bill Clinton. Lisa and Laura Ling went on to collaborate on a book, Somewhere Inside: One Sister's Captivity in North Korea and the Other's Fight to Bring Her Home, published in May 2010.

Lisa Ling identifies herself as a "die-hard feminist".

At the age of 40, Ling was diagnosed with attention deficit disorder.

title: Lisa Ling


text:
Hans Georg Dehmelt

Hans Georg Dehmelt (9 September 1922 – 7 March 2017) was a German and American physicist, who was awarded a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1989, for co-developing the ion trap technique (Penning trap) with Wolfgang Paul, for which they shared one-half of the prize (the other half of the Prize in that year was awarded to Norman Foster Ramsey). Their technique was used for high precision measurement of the electron magnetic moment.

Biography
At the age of ten Dehmelt enrolled in the Berlinisches Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster, a Latin school in Berlin, where he was admitted on a scholarship. After graduating in 1940, he volunteered for service in the German Army, which ordered him to attend the University of Breslau to study physics in 1943. After a year of study he returned to army service and was captured during the Battle of the Bulge.

After his release from an American prisoner of war camp in 1946, Dehmelt returned to his study of physics at the University of Göttingen, where he supported himself by repairing and bartering old, pre-war radio sets. He completed his master's thesis in 1948 and received his PhD in 1950, both from the University of Göttingen. He was then invited to Duke University as a postdoctoral associate, emigrating in 1952. Dehmelt became an assistant professor at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington in 1955, an associate professor in 1958, and a full professor in 1961.

In 1955 he built his first electron impact tube in George Volkoff's laboratory at the University of British Columbia and experimented on paramagnetic resonances in polarized atoms and free electrons. In the 1960s, Dehmelt and his students worked on spectroscopy of hydrogen and helium ions. The electron was finally isolated in 1973 with David Wineland, who continued work on trapped ions at NIST.

He created the first geonium atom in 1976, which he then used to measure precise magnetic moments of the electron and positron with R. S. Van Dyck into the 1980s, work that led to his Nobel prize. In 1979 Dehmelt led a team that took the first photo of a single atom. He continued work on ion traps at the University of Washington, until his retirement in October 2002.

In May 2010, he was honoured as one of Washington's Nobel laureates by Crown Princess Victoria of Sweden at a special event in Seattle.

He was married to Irmgard Lassow, now deceased, and the couple had a son, Gerd, also deceased. In 1989 Dehmelt married Diana Dundore, a physician.

Dehmelt died on March 7, 2017, in Seattle, Washington, aged 94.

Awards and honors

 * Davisson-Germer Prize in 1970.
 * Rumford Prize in 1985.
 * Nobel Prize in Physics in 1989.
 * Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement in 1990.
 * National Medal of Science in 1995.

title: Hans Georg Dehmelt


text: Talk:Usan

title: Talk:Usan


text:
Talk:Chloe Jones

Death reported on Adult Video News
Miller, Dan. Chloe Jones Passes Away 7 June 2005. Adult Video News website.

Baywatch?
Her Wikipedia death notice states "'Baywatch'". If this is true, her article should be updated to reflect it - such a series is infinitely more notable than any softcore skin flicks she made. jglc

Erotic?
Why does it say erotic actress and not pornographic actress? Is it intended as an euphemism? Rbarreira 21:19, 20 July 2005 (UTC)

Heterosexual?
One of the last movies she was in was "Where the Boys Aren't Part 17"
 * Heterosexual Porn stars of both sexes go "gay for pay". It doesn't mean that they aren't heterosexual, as pornography isn't an extension of someone's private life.--Hndsmepete 03:01, 11 February 2007 (UTC)

Correct birth name and date of death?
The "Chloe Jones at Find-A-Grave" site linked to from the article lists her birth name as Melinda Dee Taylor, rather than Melinda Dee Jones. Also, it lists her date of death as June 2nd rather than June 4th. If the other site is right, the article should be corrected. In either case I'm thinking that the link can probably be removed as it doesn't provide any useful information beyond what's already in the article. quadratic 03:34, 26 April 2006 (UTC)

Donna Jones and Globe Tabloid
According to this Courthouse News Service story, the "exclusive interview" of Donna Jones with the Globe tabloid never actually happened. Should this part of the article be changed to "Allegedly speaking exclusively", and so on? --66.31.47.64 18:23, 28 June 2006 (UTC)mobatwikipedia

Abuse of her photographs
It shall be noted that since 2005 her photographs are being abused by a hypnodomme who styles herself "Goddess Deseree" and uses Chloe's photos instead of her own to advertise her products. Her page on clips for sale is: http://www.clips4sale.com/store/36130

Cause of death
Are there reliable sources for this? Can they be posted here and then I or anybody can copy edit accordingly? Thank you, --Malerooster (talk) 01:27, 12 August 2013 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Chloe Jones


text:
Talk:ARP 2600

Comment
I moved the following section from the article because of the self reference in the "Version III" and "Version IV" sections. As I lack the knowledge to fill in the missing information I could not remove the self reference without leaving a partial list, so I moved the whole thing here until someone can finish it. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Osmodiar (talk • contribs) 16:17, 8 June 2005 (UTC)

Version I, the "Blue Marvin" or "Blue Meanie"
The early 2600s were built in a small facility on Kenneth Street in Newton Highlands, NOT a garage. Marvin Cohen was NOT an engineer at ARP. He was the CFO and later the president.
 * Officially named the 2600. Commonly called the "Blue Meanie".
 * Produced in 1970.
 * It came in a blue aluminum case. Being their first model, it was prone to breakdowns and was highly unreliable. Due to their all aluminum design, they were very hard to service.
 * The Blue Meanie folds like a breifcase, for easy, portable, design. The carrying bar turns out to be more of a hindernce to many players though. Keyboard was modular, but one was sold with it.
 * Between 50-100 "Blue Meanies" were built in a garage before the ARP plant was open.

Version II, the "Grey Meanie"

 * Appeared in 1971.
 * Factory produced.
 * First version of ARP that denoted the rectangular 'ARP' logo on its right speaker grille.
 * Only a few "Grey Meanies" (at least two) exist. Apparently, around 10 were made. They are the same design as the other 2600's internaly, they just have a grey/black color scheme on the exterior casing.
 * The keyboard on the Grey Meanie came with a handle as on the synthesizer, for more portablilty.
 * One of the extremly rare Grey Meanies is now kept at the London Synth Museum.
 * The original Model 4012 filter used in the Grey and Blue meanies was a copy of Moog's patented ladder-filter design. This led to a law-suit between Moog and ARP which forced ARP to design their own filter.

Version III
More info to come! ;)

Version IV
More info to come! ;)

Infamous Moog filter?!
I always thought the Moog ladder was one of the more highly regarded music filters in history. I don't see how "infamous" is the right word to describe it. Shouldn't it be "famous ladder filter"? 70.112.164.209 03:19, 3 October 2007 (UTC)

YouTube links
174.51.99.65 (talk) 07:41, 4 February 2010 (UTC)
 * "Sesame Street - Shape Organization" - Cartoon with shapes organizing themselves Sesame Street - Sounds like an ARP - More info anyone?

Comment
add Rob Coleman as best performer on an arp2600 ever. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 178.85.178.79 (talk) 15:10, 31 July 2014 (UTC)

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list of "notable" users
sigh.

a list of professional keyboard players who *haven't* used a 2600 at some point in their careers would take up less room.

votes for drastic thinning?

duncanrmi (talk) 13:59, 24 January 2018 (UTC)

 * I’ve cleaned this up a lot. If someone wants to list a player as one who has used the 2600, they need to find a reliable source showing the artist in question using a 2600. Yes, even stuff like Vintage Synth Explorer is OK; it just has to be a reliable source (I’ll even accept stuff like them saying, on their own webpage, “I use a 2600”, if the artist is otherwise notable) Samboy (talk) 14:11, 14 April 2021 (UTC)

 * Thank you, Samboy. Apologies, as I was working on an article edit offline when you cleaned up the list, so I inadvertently copied the older (longer) list back into the article when I saved my edit. Thank you for restoring your shorter list. If I come across other mentions of notable 2600 users that can be properly referenced, then I will expand the list accordingly. synthfiend (talk) 14:13, 15 April 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:ARP 2600


text:
Talk:Birmingham Black Barons

Re: "Rickwood Field was already linked in the article"
Re: "Rickwood Field was already linked in the article" - Yes, I realize that. I thought it deserved the more emphatic "See Also" because the article covers important additional material. Dystopos 16:18, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Rewrite

 * I've started a rewrite. Not much new information, but maybe a little more clarity. I should be able to get some more fact-checking and context soon. --Dystopos 16:12, 4 April 2006 (UTC)

Renamed to Giants? and a new NSL?
There are 2 points in this article I am having trouble reconciling: The reference for the name change seems legit, so I wonder if they reverted their name change, since I've no other source on that? I'm not aware of a new Negro Southern League from '56-'60 — the on-line sources list the BBBs in the NAL until '60 or so, and that claim is unsourced. Anyone have any refs confirming or denying this? Rgrds. (Dynamic IP, will change when I log off.) --64.85.217.117 (talk) 15:31, 10 February 2013 (UTC)
 * Dr. Anderson Ross purchased the franchise in 1956 and renamed the team the Birmingham Giants.
 * As the Major Leagues started signing talented African American players, the Black Barons tried to form a new Negro Southern League with three other Southern teams....The new NSL played from 1956 to 1960 before folding.

 * I removed "The new NSL played from 1956 to 1960 before folding." entirely since it is an actual claim. I tagged the "...tried to form..." statement with since it is a not a claim of fact but a claim of an effort (I hope that makes sense?).  I am still unsure of the "Giants" name change, but anything after 1950 is hard for me to get a hold of a good source. Rgrds. (Dynamic IP, will change when I log off.) --64.85.221.149 (talk) 01:29, 13 February 2013 (UTC)

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text:
Mike Comrie

Michael William Comrie (born September 11, 1980) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. During his 13-year National Hockey League (NHL) career he played with the Edmonton Oilers, Philadelphia Flyers, Phoenix Coyotes, Ottawa Senators, New York Islanders, and the Pittsburgh Penguins. He retired in early 2012 after undergoing hip surgery for the third time.

Playing career
Mike Comrie was born and raised in Edmonton, Alberta, and attended Jasper Place High School. As a youth, he played in the 1993 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with a minor ice hockey team from the Whitemud region of Edmonton, Alberta. He was drafted in the third round, ninety-first overall, in the 1999 NHL Entry Draft by his hometown Edmonton Oilers out of the University of Michigan. He would go onto the Canadian Western Hockey League for 37 games before being called up to play for the Edmonton Oilers

Edmonton Oilers
Comrie left the Western Hockey League (WHL)'s Kootenay Ice midway through the 2000–01 season, signing an incentive-laden $10-million three-year deal with the Oilers, which, when all achievable bonuses were included, was well above the league maximum for the base salaries of 2001 draftees of $1.13 million a year. Although Comrie was a free agent as a result of playing one year of major junior hockey as an overage player after leaving college (due to a loophole established by Mike Van Ryn), entry-level salary restrictions still applied to Comrie's contract, with free-agent status allowing Comrie to sign with any team he desired. In Edmonton Comrie instantly become a fan favourite and hometown hero. He was an offensive threat during his first couple seasons with the team, tallying a total of 133 points in 192 games from 2001 to 2003.

Departure from Edmonton
After a lacklustre training camp in the pre-season Comrie's status as local hero in Edmonton started to change dramatically, after he elected to hold out in a contract dispute for more than 30 games into the 2003–04 season. The Oilers then-General Manager, Kevin Lowe, was reportedly willing to trade Comrie to the Anaheim Ducks for Corey Perry and a first round draft pick, but within that deal sought to have Comrie reimburse the Oilers $2.5 million, which was part of the bonus money he earned from his entry-level contract. After this deal fell through, Comrie was dealt to the Philadelphia Flyers in December 2003, for Jeff Woywitka, a first round selection in 2004 (Rob Schremp) and a third round selection in 2005 (Danny Syvret).

Philadelphia Flyers and Phoenix Coyotes
Comrie played only 21 games for Philadelphia before being traded to the Phoenix Coyotes for Sean Burke, Branko Radivojevic, and the rights to Ben Eager.

During the 2004–05 NHL lockout, he signed with Färjestad BK of the Elitserien and played ten games with them, before leaving in December 2004. Following an agreement made in July 2005, between the NHL and NHLPA members to resume hockey operations and play, Comrie would return to the Coyotes for the 2005–06 NHL season, where he would record his second 30-goal season in the NHL. The Coyotes would then re-sign Comrie to a new, one-year contract worth $3 million, on August 4, 2006.

On January 3, 2007, Comrie was traded to the Ottawa Senators in exchange for Senators prospect Alexei Kaigorodov.

Ottawa Senators and New York Islanders
Comrie scored his first goal for the Senators versus the Boston Bruins on January 9, 2007 at Scotiabank Place in Ottawa, Ontario. Whenever Comrie scored a goal at Scotiabank Place, his goal song was "Black Gloves" by the Belgian band Goose. He helped Ottawa throughout the playoffs despite having an injured shoulder that required local anesthetic to numb the pain, this prevented him from reaching down to tie his skates. The Senators made it to the Stanley Cup Finals, losing to the Anaheim Ducks, in a 4–1 series decision. Prior to the loss, the Senators eliminated the Pittsburgh Penguins, New Jersey Devils, and Buffalo Sabres all in five games.

On July 5, 2007, Mike Comrie signed a one-year contract worth $3.375 million with the New York Islanders as an unrestricted free agent. Before the trade deadline on February 26, 2008, the New York Islanders re-signed Comrie to a new one-year contract worth $4 million. Comrie would be traded back to the Senators on February 20, 2009, with Chris Campoli, in exchange for Dean McAmmond and a San Jose Sharks 2009 first round draft pick.

Return to the Oilers
On September 10, 2009, Mike Comrie signed a one-year contract worth $1.125 million with the team he began his NHL career with, returning to the Edmonton Oilers after six years, for their upcoming 2009–10 NHL season. Comrie chose to wear No. 91 (his overall draft selection number), as his familiar jersey No. 89 (which he wore during his first go-round with the team), was taken by Sam Gagner. Comrie made his return to Edmonton a night to remember, in a 4–0 pre-season win over the Florida Panthers, on September 18, 2009. Comrie assisted on all four of the goals scored and registered a fight, squaring off with the Panthers' Eric Himelfarb, to which Comrie received a standing ovation from the Rexall Place crowd, who promptly chanted his name as he took his place inside the penalty box.

On November 17, Comrie was placed on the NHL long term injury reserve list with mononucleosis and was expected to be out until late January. He had 5 goals and 8 points, in 16 games. Comrie would make his return to the Oilers line-up on February 1, 2010, recording an assist in a 4–2 victory over the Carolina Hurricanes. He finished out the rest of the season tallying 13 goals and 21 points, in 43 games.

Mike Comrie became an unrestricted free agent on July 1, 2010, with the Oilers opting not to re-sign him for the 2010–11 season.

Pittsburgh Penguins
On September 3, 2010, Mike Comrie signed a one-year contract worth $500,000 with the Pittsburgh Penguins, joining the franchise that drafted his uncle Fred, in 1973. On September 22, 2010, Comrie scored the very first goal inside of the new Consol Energy Center, 81 seconds into the Penguins' 5-1 exhibition game victory over the Detroit Red Wings. Due to a nagging hip injury, Comrie was sidelined for much of the regular season. He scored his first goal as a Penguin during their 82nd and final game of the season, on an empty Atlanta Thrashers net. It was the last goal scored in Thrashers's home Philips Arena before the team relocated to Winnipeg in the off season.

Retirement
After undergoing hip surgery for the third time, Comrie retired from hockey on February 13, 2012.

Personal life
Comrie's father, Bill, and his uncles, Fred and John, are the founders of The Brick furniture company, which was sold in 2012 for $700 million. Comrie's mother, Theresa, died of cancer in 1990. Comrie has two older siblings; a sister, Cathy, and a brother, Paul, who played with the Oilers briefly, before Mike was drafted by them. Comrie also has two hockey playing younger half-brothers from his father's second marriage, Eric, a goaltender who was selected by the Winnipeg Jets in the 2013 NHL Entry Draft and Ty, who plays center.

Comrie began dating American actress/singer Hilary Duff in the summer of 2007. The couple announced their engagement in February 2010, and married on August 14, 2010 in Santa Barbara. They have a son born March 20, 2012. On January 10, 2014, the couple announced their separation. In February 2015, Duff filed for divorce from Comrie, citing irreconcilable differences, and sought primary custody of their son. The divorce was finalized in February 2016.

title: Mike Comrie


text:
Talk:Dechristianization of France during the French Revolution

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article is or was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Aaannnnnnaaa.

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Older
the Civil Constitution of the Clergy that stripped clerics of their property This is a misrepresentation of the Civil Constitution of the Clergy, which see... Septentrionalis 16:20, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Looks like this has been addressed by the time I'm reading the remark. -- Jmabel | Talk 04:22, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)

Now I have time to look at this page, and related pages, there is a deeper problem, which I must congratulate Jmabel for dealing with almost singlehanded. The 1911 Britannica articles on the French Revolution seem mostly to have been written by the same hand (?James Anthony Froude?; they're unsigned), with a double POV:
 * The Catholic church is the Scarlet woman;
 * the Revolution is the only thing worse: her natural offspring, Godless atheism, which explains all its actions.

The anonymous edit has removed the second POV, leaving the first. This is unquestionably an improvement; but I think in the long run there are two choices:
 * Make this a redirect to Cult of the Supreme Being, which is largely factual.
 * or rewrite, beginning roughly as follows:

''The Dechristianisation of France during the French Revolution is a conventional description of the results of half-a-dozen separate policies:
 * The traditional Gallican policy that the Church of France should be subject to the French government rather than a foreign pontiff
 * That there should be no privileges in the new Revolutionary France, One and Indivisible
 * That all classes and orders should contribute to straightening out the disaster which Louis XVI had put the French finances into
 * enforcement of religious toleration
 * creation of a common patriotic ceremonial and symbolism
 * War with the Pope, as a temporal sovereign whose troops had killed a French officer on the grounds of the French embassy
 * Support of an alternate religion.''

''These were supported by different parties, at different times, at different lebels of government. Only the last will be called de-Christianization by a consensus, and it was limited to November 1793 and some months of 1794.''

Comments? Septentrionalis 22:41, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * I generally agree with the the direction you want to take this. The "no privileges" thing can probably be fleshed out with some discussion of the events of 4 August 1789. The atheistic Cult of Reason certainly should be mentioned, as well as the theistic Cult of the Supreme Being. And much of this could be worded better, but I assume you were not intending to take this verbatim into the article. I say go for it. -- Jmabel | Talk 21:01, Jun 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * The Cult of the Supreme Being was not theistic - it was deistic.
 * A focus on "no privileges" is POV pushing - priviledges (real and supposed) had already been abolished in 1789, now the revolution went for "no differences", i.e. for a totalitarian society. Str1977 (talk) 09:51, 19 August 2009 (UTC)

Non-Catholics
Some mention of Jews and Protestants for comparison? --84.20.17.84 10:12, 11 June 2007 (UTC)

Descrimination?
Let's replace the infobox with one for the French revolution. JeffBurdges 10:13, 3 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Feel free to add that infobox as well, but the religious persecution box should not be removed. There is no question that this matter constituted religious persecution. Mamalujo 19:45, 5 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Hi there. I don't mean to be a pain, but I think the religious persecution infobox is hardly warranted. While I fully agree that the Dechristianisation of France during the French Revolution produced religious persecution, the subject of the article is not religious persecution in France during the Revolution in itself, and neither is the focus it is being given as an article. Of course there is room for the article to include mention of resulting persecution as a consequence of the whole process (in its own section, in related articles lists, etc), but if as Wikipedia editors we understand Infoboxes to be "... designed to be placed into main articles related to the topic area" and "...a broad class of templates commonly used in articles to present certain summary or overview information about the subject" (quoted from Manual of Style (infoboxes), I don't think the infobox on Religious Persecution and Discrimination should be inserted here. Otherwise, we'll end up with all Wikipedia articles being clogged with a dozen infoboxes on related topics. I mean, the Albigensian Crusade article (and all Crusade articles, for that matter) deals with religious persecution, but I wouldn't really add the template there, either, since it would not be central to the article, and it wouldn't serve to summarize any of the points or to link the article to a common "mother" article. Cheers! ;) Dr Benway (talk) 10:09, 28 December 2007 (UTC)

Policies section
I see the current "Policies" section has virtually nothing in common with previous versions on the page. I admit this isn't something where I have the background to know exactly which points should be included, but obviously the focus purely on anti-clericalism in the current version isn't correct. I'll paste below the previous version, and hopefully editors will look into how to create something more complete (I will myself as I have time). Mackan79 (talk) 17:41, 11 June 2008 (UTC)

Policies
The multiple policies supported by different parties, at different times, at different levels of government include:

Only the support of an alternate religion has been unanimously called de-Christianization by everybody, then and since.
 * The traditional Gallican policy that the Church of France should be subject to the French government rather than a foreign pontiff.
 * That there should be no privileges in the new Revolutionary France, One and Indivisible. The abolition of the Church's feudal privileges was of a piece with the abolition of the feudal privileges of the nobility.
 * That all classes and orders should contribute to straightening out the financial disaster which had initially caused Louis XVI to convene the Estates-General of 1789.
 * Adoption and enforcement of a policy of religious toleration.
 * Creation of a common patriotic ceremonial and symbolism.
 * Anti-clericalism.
 * War with the Pope, as a temporal sovereign whose troops had killed a French officer on the grounds of the French Embassy in Rome.
 * Support of an alternate religion, especially the Cult of the Supreme Being. (The Cult of Reason was the opposing program of the Hébertists, who never took power.) This was limited to November 1793 and some months of 1794.

Comments:

From looking through some of the sources, my basic issue here is the current focus on violence, and whether all of these were actually policies.

The piece by Frank Tallet states regarding the policies:

 * These ranged from the removal of plate, statues and other fittings from places of worship, the destruction of crosses, bells, shrines and other ‘external signs of worship’, the closure of churches, the enforced abdication and, occasionally, the marriage of constitutional priests, the substitution of a Revolutionary calendar for the Gregorian one, the alteration of personal and place names which had any ecclesiastical connotations to more suitably Revolutionary ones, through to the promotion of new cults, notably those of Reason and of the Supreme Being.

Regarding the constitutional Church, he says:

 * There is however no doubt about the success of the dechristianizers’ attack upon the constitutional church: the state had created it, and the state could destroy it. Unlike the attack upon the objects of the ‘’culte’’ there was no popular resistance to this assault on the representative of the faith, just as there had been no popular uprising to prevent the loss of the refractory clergy earlier on.  Threatened with death (occasionally), arrest, imprisonment, conscription or the loss of their income (more usually), perhaps 20,000 constitutional priests abdicated and handed over their letters of ordination.  An unknown number of others simply ceased their clerical functions; and between 6,000 and 9,000 married.

Spielvogel states:

 * In its attempt to create a new order, the National Convention also pursued a policy of dechristianization. The word saint was removed from street names, churches were pillaged and closed by revolutionary armies, and priests were encouraged to marry.  In Paris, the cathedral of Notre-Dame was designated the Temple of Reason. In November 1793, a public ceremony dedicated to the worship of reason was held in the former cathedral; patriotic maidens adorned in white dresses paraded before a temple of reason where the high altar once stood.  At the end of the ceremony, a female figure personifying Liberty rose out of the temple.  As Robespierre came to realize, dechristianization backfired because France was still overwhelmingly Catholic.

If these are the sources we are going by, it seems we should focus on the same issues as them, which appears to be much less on the violence and more on the social events and attempting to institute a cult of Reason. I notice Tallet also says there is a great deal of disagreement over how much popular support existed at the time. Mackan79 (talk) 16:08, 13 June 2008 (UTC)

 * Please incorporate the material that you feel is needed. As to the earlier version, there are some plain factual errors there.  For example, it may be the case that religious toleration was proclaimed but it obviously was not practiced.  I think rather than reincorporate those unsourced statements, we should stick to sourced material.  You are correct that the sources focus on more than just the violence and the suppression of Christianity.  Please add the additional material and when I get around to editing the article again, I will as well. Mamalujo (talk) 16:49, 13 June 2008 (UTC)

Now THIS is how it's done! Hooray, Reason! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 165.138.3.252 (talk) 17:34, 3 September 2009 (UTC)

Sentences requiring citations removed, 2010
I've removed the following lines which have been marked as "Citation needed" since appx. 2007. The cite notices disrupt the article and I don't believe the sentences are completely necessary to an understanding of the subject. Anyone who can reinsert with valid sources is encouraged to do so.

From "The Church under the Ancien Régime" section:
 * "The Church however had difficulties and these were greatly added to by a deep dissatisfaction within its own ranks. A wide gap in living standards existed between members of the clergy.  Senior positions in the Church were occupied by members of noble families, giving them the benefit of the Church's wealth base and enormous annual revenues.  In stark contrast, the majority of priests in small communities lived in perpetual poverty. "

From "The Revolution and the Church" section:
 * "In an attempt to stem the growing unrest...." (Originally began opening sentence.)

and
 * "One version of the oath had the clergy swear to "hatred" of the nobility. " (originally ended 1st paragraph.)

SteveStrummer (talk) 23:26, 18 July 2010 (UTC)

Italian
Please, can somebody traslate the page in Italian language? Some people just know how the French revolution was an antichristian government. The people must know the Truth. Thanks--78.12.56.165 (talk) 09:12, 19 March 2012 (UTC)
 * You shouldn't think of wikipedia as a propaganda outlet. Anyway, the dechristianisation process wasn't the ultimate goal or reason of the Revolution, nor were all revolutionaries in favor of dechristianisation (the most prominent personality of the Revolution, Robespierre, stopped the dechristianisation process), not to mention that the whole ordeal was relatively short-lived anyway, and stemmed from the resentment people felt towards the clergy which had abused its power for centuries.--Munin75 (talk) 23:08, 4 May 2012 (UTC)
 * There is a short Italian article now. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.184.203.175 (talk) 10:56, 20 October 2013 (UTC)

Recent Category addition
I've removed the recent problematic addition of the "Category:Persecution by atheists" from this article as inappropriate and unsupported by reliable sources. The category misleads our readers by implying that persecution was inflicted because the persecutors were atheists (people who do not believe in gods), which is nonsensical. Atheism has no goal, creed or mission; it is merely the absence of belief in deities. While reliable sources say there has been persecution by totalitarian dictators and regimes, and communist regimes, and anti-clerical movements, and some of these even maintained a stance of "state atheism", there is no causal relationship between atheism and persecution of religious individuals. We already have more appropriate and accurate categories for this kind of persecution: Category:Anti-religious campaign in the Soviet Union, Category:Anti-clericalism, Category:Religious persecution by communists, etc. Articles asserting causal persecution by a lack of belief have been deleted in the past. I've replaced the problematic cat with Category:Anti-clericalism. Xenophrenic (talk) 17:00, 11 July 2016 (UTC)
 * You may have a point but I think that there is a larger issue with this article. Many statements in this article are simply false, especially those written by user Jobas. One example, he claims (with a biased source to support it) that all churches not devoted to the Cult of Reason were closed. It is completely absurd as the Cult of Reason was only supported by a few groups, mostly hebertists. He also seems to confuse the Cult of Reason with jacobins who were completely different from hebertists and were mostly deists.
 * Many other elements in the article (written by other contributors, I guess) are largely fantasies. For instance : "The dechristianization of France reached its zenith around the middle of 1794" (not sourced and false, it was around the end of 1793), "While persecution of certain Roman Catholic clerics and monastic orders occurred during the Third Republic" (I would like to see a serious source for this claim, I would bet no one can provide one). To sum it up, this article has so many problems that the categories are only the tip of the iceberg. Eleventh1 (talk) 19:20, 13 July 2016 (UTC)
 * I've checked those additional issues you've raised, Eleventh1, and I've tried to fix some of them. For example, I verified that "Jacobin period" isn't specified in the cited source.  There is a lot more work to be done.  Now I see that the same editor is trying to re-add unsourced original-research categories with an edit summary claiming, contrary to the sources:
 * (Dechristianization and persecution act are done as part of the expression of state-sponsored atheism)
 * Even one of biased sources says that the "French government formed a new, official 'religion of reason' on June 7th, 1794. Deistic in nature, its basic doctrine held that there was a Supreme Being, but that this entity was not the God of Christianity. I'll ping User:Jobas one more time to see if he'll engage in discussion here instead of trying to edit-war unsourced material back into the article. Xenophrenic (talk) 09:32, 21 March 2017 (UTC)
 * Here my edit that been removed: which was one of history's first examples of state-sponsored atheism. and it's supported with three sources.--Jobas (talk) 13:14, 21 March 2017 (UTC)
 * Actually, it is not supported by 3 reliable AND relevant sources... There have been thousands and thousands of texts written about the French Revolution and many of them are very unreliable, to say the least (I have read books claiming that the French Revolution was a conspiracy orchestrated by satanists, others by free-masons or jews, you cannot believe everything you read). I am sure that the authors you are citing in your edit are serious and really believe what they are writing but it is not enough. Dale McGowan is not an actual historian and none of the persons you are citing are specialists of the French Revolution (and Gregory Fremont-Barne does not claim that the dechristianization was a form of state-sponsored atheism). There is no state-sponsored atheism during the French Revolution because atheistic movements were not sponsored by the state. It is that simple. Eleventh1 (talk) 11:27, 30 March 2017 (UTC)

Editing plan
I think that this article's biggest weakness is its lack of citations. So one way that I will contribute is by adding sources where they are needed. I've found an article called THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AND THE CATHOLIC CHURCH by Betros, Gemma that I can use to support the first two statements (about the Catholic Church's amount of property and income) that are missing citations.

I also noticed that the section titled "The Revolution and the Church" is much longer than all the other sections, so I'll try to break it up into a couple of different sections.

Bibliography

Betros, Gemma. "The French Revolution And The Catholic Church." History Review 68 (2010): 16-21. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 Feb. 2017.

Melleuish, Greg. "Liberalism And God." Institute Of Public Affairs Review 61.3 (2009): 36-38. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 Feb. 2017.

Van Kley, Dale K. "Christianity As Casualty And Chrysalis Of Modernity: The Problem Of Dechristianization In The French Revolution." American Historical Review 108.4 (2003): 1081-1104. Academic Search Complete. Web. 19 Feb. 2017.

Aaannnnnnaaa (talk) 01:59, 20 February 2017 (UTC)

Relocation of content
I've reverted this edit, which had an edit summary stating (redundant content to body of article). Can we have an intelligible reason for the content relocation, please? Xenophrenic (talk) 23:51, 10 May 2017 (UTC)

Gibberish
Is there any reason why I shouldn't translate engrish back into English? Xenophrenic (talk) 21:09, 12 May 2017 (UTC)
 * ✅ Xenophrenic (talk) 14:24, 16 May 2017 (UTC)
 * The cited source says: "At first the new revolutionary government attacked church corruption and the wealth of the bishops and abbots who ruled the church -- causes with which many Christians could identify". I reword again to conform to the source. Here the new reword an action that even many Christians could identify with.--Jobas (talk) 03:41, 17 May 2017 (UTC)
 * Your more recent changes aren't as unintelligible as prior changes. Only a minor grammatical fix is needed now.  (And FYI: it's "the cited source says", not "the source cited"; and it's "conform to the source", not "to confirm the source".) Regards, Xenophrenic (talk) 07:40, 17 May 2017 (UTC)

Theist, deist, atheistic...
There appears to be some confusion among the sources as to how various Cults and Festivals should be described. The Cult of Reason and Cult of the Supreme Being in particular: What is the consensus on the defining traits for each of the several 'cults' that sprang up during the Revolution? Xenophrenic (talk) 03:49, 5 August 2017 (UTC)
 * Heterodoxy, Spinozism, and Free Thought in Early-Eighteenth-Century Europe: Studies on the Traité des Trois Imposteurs; Volume 148 of International Archives of the History of Ideas Archives internationales d'histoire des idées; Silvia Berti, Françoise Charles-Daubert, R.H. Popkin; Springer Science & Business Media, 1996; Pg. 302 - "Robespierre's cult of the Supreme Being was not the only deist religion that came to be during the Revolution. Some months before, the de-christianizers had rededicated churches as 'Temples of Reason' instituting ceremonies pompously delivering the precious metals of religious objects to the State. The Cult of Reason died, as did Robespierre's Cult of the Supreme Being, along with their leaders, but deists less powerful in government started a movement of 'Theophilanthropy', which lingered into the nineteenth century.''
 * Being in Time to the Music by Ross, David A.; Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2007 - "This Cult of Reason or Deism reached its logical conclusion in the French Revolution..."
 * Daily Life During the French Revolution; James Maxwell Anderson; Greenwood Publishing Group, 2007; Pgs. 152-153 - "CULT OF REASON - A rational religious philosophy known as Deism flourished in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries..."
 * Reason and Authority in the Eighteenth Century; Gerald R. Cragg; Cambridge University Press, 2013; Pg. 40 - "The cult of reason, which made Deism popular..."
 * Deism in France 1789-1799; David Kyle Heenan; University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1953; Pg. 261 - "Deistic thought took on a closer resemblance to religion when the Cult of Reason made its bid for religious supremacy..."
 * The Master Game: Unmasking the Secret Rulers of the World; Graham Hancock, Robert Bauval; Red Wheel Weiser, 2011; Pgs. 13, 451 - "Sometimes referred to as the 'Cult of Reason' but more commonly as the 'Cult of the Supreme Being', it seems that this new religion..."
 * Hi, ScrapIronIV. I've removed your addition per the concerns mentioned just above.  Could you help me understand the reasoning behind your edit?  Thanks in advance, Xenophrenic (talk) 17:56, 12 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Deism coexisted with the Cult of Reason, and you are conflating the two. They are were separate movements.  The Cult of Reason was practically anti-theistic, and was anthropocentric.  It's only god was the people themselves. What was venerated were the ideals of liberty, truth, and philosophy - the perfection of man through thought.  The Cult of the Supreme Being was Robespierre's response to it, and it was specifically Deist in its acknowledgement of a God. Necessary, to consolidate his power in a formerly Catholic nation.  Scr ★ pIron IV 18:32, 12 September 2017 (UTC)
 * I see you've gone ahead and re-added your preferred problematic wording. I thought we were discussing this, rather than bulldozing preferred wording into the article against objections expressed here. If it is your preference that we add unsupported or conflicting information while it is being discussed, we can certainly do that, but that doesn't seem optimal.  So following your lead, I've gone ahead and added the information from other sources (including those above), which you omitted and have not addressed.
 * Deism coexisted with the Cult of Reason, and you are conflating the two. --ScrapIronIV
 * You appear to misunderstand. I've "conflated" nothing; are you saying the reliable sources mentioned above have conflated the two?  What -I- did was merely ask that we reconcile the conflicting sources.
 * The Cult of Reason ... It's only god was the people themselves. --ScrapIronIV
 * Not exactly, according to your source. There was the Goddess of Reason and/or Liberty, which some considered only "abstract beings" while others deified them.  By the way, nowhere on page 343 of your source is the cult described as "atheistic", although in subsequent pages Robespierre did indeed characterize the dechristianization movement in those terms.  Perhaps you misread?  Looking forward to your thoughts in this matter. Xenophrenic (talk) 13:51, 15 September 2017 (UTC)
 * Since you appear to have stepped away from the discussion, I've gone ahead and removed the addition that failed verification. Please let me know if there are any objections.  I'm going to continue to review reliable sources on the subject matter, and I'll keep an eye out for supporting information. Regards, Xenophrenic (talk) 17:09, 3 October 2017 (UTC)
 * I have gone ahead and restored the properly cited version.  Scr ★ pIron IV 17:24, 3 October 2017 (UTC)
 * That does not appear to be the case. The source you added does not support the content you added, as I mentioned above.  Did you miss that?  In addition, you also removed properly cited and supported content, without explanation.  An explanation would be appreciated.  Would you care to work with me to produce acceptable content that reflects the reliable sources?  Xenophrenic (talk) 01:20, 10 October 2017 (UTC)

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New section: aftermath?
As a student of the activities of Anna de Meeus, having taken charge of her tomb and the last Convent of the Order of the Eucharist, I think you might consider an "aftermath section" Essentially, by the time some social order was restored after the defeat of Napoleon, and the French economy had recovered, the rising middle class, financed by the Industrial Revolution in the Charleroi basin, stretching as far as Lens, returned to their historical affiliation to Catholicism. French resistance and contempt of the Belgian provinces led to Revolution in 1830, and a major financier, Ferdinand Meeus, at the head of the Société Générale, provided economic stability. Ennobled as Count de Meeus, he became the power behind the Belgian throne, and so was courted by the Church. His eldest daughter Anna soon provided distraction, and the result was inevitable: the Nuncio, Giocchino Pecci, was sent packing, declared persona non grata, taking the infant with him. Anna was bound to the Convent. However, no ordinary sisterhood would follow. Daddy paid for her to start an Order of her own as a matter of social welfare in the slums of Brussels, employing the lacemakers put out of work by mechanisation, in the production of quality handmade lace: this was the start of the Belgian handmade lace tradition. Needing somewhere to work, he acquired an old convent on the Rue des Sols for her, as it was very close to the Societe Generale offices, and so he could keep an eye on her. The convent itself came with a Eucharistic vocation established in 1433 by Pope Eugenius IV, implementing the justification for the inversion of the power structure in society at the end of the period of plagues following the Black Death, which caused a schism in the Papacy, decided on in the Council of Constance 1414-18: the supporting academic argument, Dufay's L'Homme Armé cantus firmus mass and van Eyck's Fountain of Life (Prado) and Mystic Lamb (St Bavo's Gent), are often seen as sparking the Renaissance. Some aspects of the Convent may also bear on the next-door Terarken hospice, however I'm drifting too far from my theme to pursue the issue here. Pecci rose in the Church, and eventually became Pope Leo XIII, with his son Camillo (OK, officially "nepote", "nephew", whence the term nepotism - but the de Meeus family acknowledge him as a member of the family) as his capo di garda nobile, the Head of the Papal Noble Guard, whose role was functionally that of the American Presidential Secret Service detachment. Anna's Order was raised to the rank of Prima Primaria, allowing her access to the Pope at all hours of the day and night, and awarded the rank of ArchiAssociation, chief among the Eucharistic Orders. That was partly justified by a geographic connection with what remained of Ruusbroec's Groenendael priory, Jan van Ruusbroec having consolidated the Devotio Moderna consolidation of Eucharistic adoration in the 1380s. Having set that context, what should now be considered in the orientation of this meme is the way Anna's Order worked its commission out. Effectively, it sparked a counter-reformation known as the Restoratives from the 1450s onwards, and that was very much inspired by the need to reedify the Churches. I'll leave the details in France to you, as it very much followed Anna's work under the envy of the founder of the Marist Order, Pierre Julien Eymard, "the Saint of the Eucharist", whose diary is worth reading as a source text in the religious jealousies of the day. You should not disregard the associations with Crowley's Satanist movement, OTO and their French affiliates, as all was grist to his mill: this is the root of the wider abuse of children which set in across the Roman Church and it's current crisis, the headache has gone on for millennia, although never quite so institutionalised as in the 20th Century. I cannot tackle this as it would be original research, but I can point the way for another to do so.


text:
Cannington, Ontario

Cannington is a community in Brock Township, Durham Region, Ontario, Canada. The town is on the Beaver River.

History
Originally part of the original Brock Township, Cannington was first settled in 1833. It was first known as McCaskill's Mills after a local mill-owning family. In 1849, a post office was opened, at which point the settlement was renamed Cannington after former British foreign secretary and Prime Minister George Canning (1770–1827). Cannington separated from Brock Township in 1878 when it was incorporated as a Village.

When Durham Region was created in 1974, Cannington was amalgamated with the original Brock Township, Thorah Township and the Village of Beaverton to create the newly expanded Township of Brock. In 1987 there was a fire that destroyed dozens of homes through the town.

Amenities
The community serves as a service centre for the surrounding rural area. It is home to the municipal offices of Brock Township, as well as a secondary school, Brock High School, and an elementary school, McCaskill's Mills Public School, named after the original town name, which was opened in 2006. It was originally two separate schools, H.W. Knight Public School, and Cannington Public School, which later amalgamated. The elementary school offers a French Immersion Program, but not the high school. French Immersion students are bused to Port Perry High School, which offers the program. The post office on Cameron St. W. services locals with lock boxes and two rural routes. There are multiple restaurants such as Mays Restaurant, Pub 12 and The Wing House.

GO Bus route 81 connects the community to Whitby GO Station, which provides GO train connections to Toronto. Two northbound buses (to Beaverton) and two southbound buses (to Whitby) serve the community each day.

Notable people
Cannington was the adopted hometown of guitarist Don Ross for twelve years. Ross' daughter, poet and author Tara McGowan-Ross, also lived there for much of her adolescence.

Cannington was home to the author Timothy Findley, who wrote a memoir, From Stone Orchard, about his experiences living at a farm on the outskirts of Cannington. McCaskill's Mills features as a setting in his 1995 novel "The Piano Man's Daughter". After Findley moved to France due to declining health, dancer Rex Harrington purchased Stone Orchard. Cannington's public library, the Timothy Findley Memorial Branch, is named after him.

Cannington is the birthplace of Rick MacLeish (1950–2016), an NHL hockey player who played with the Philadelphia Flyers in the 1970s and 1980s.

Events
In October, there is the Cannington Haunted Attraction, a collection of Halloween-themed activities in MacLoed Park.

title: Cannington, Ontario


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Couch gag

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. Golbez 08:56, Jun 18, 2005 (UTC)

Couch gag
This article clearly needs a rewrite, but it isn't really notable enough to have its own article, since it is already covered in The Simpsons Sonic Mew 16:21, Jun 8, 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete hardly article-worthy, not to mention that it is badly titled and unwikified and everything you don't want in an article. -- AlexR 16:47, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Everything that needs to be said in this is already said in The Simpsons, as stated by Sonic Mew. Jasonglchu 17:24, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy delete. What would be next, description of hair of Simpsons? This was intended as serious encyclopedia. Pavel Vozenilek 19:48, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Or redirect. DJ Clayworth 21:36, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. DS1953 22:59, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Shame! Most definitely redirect to existing Simpsons couch gag article. "Couch gag" is an established term, and they are one of the most interesting recurring gags in the show. sjorford →•← 23:12, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable non encyclopedic. JamesBurns 07:34, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * redirect to Simpsons couch gag. carmeld1 11:02, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete --NeoJustin 18:07, June 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .