text:
Auchan

Auchan is a French multinational retail group headquartered in Croix, France. It was founded in 1961 by Gérard Mulliez and is owned by the Mulliez family, who has 95% stake in the company. With 354,851 employees, of which 261,000 have 5% stake in the company, it is the 35th largest employer in the world.

The company operates under the name Auchan in France, Luxembourg, Poland, Romania, Portugal, Senegal, Ivory Coast and Tunisia, as Alcampo in Spain, as Aшан (Ashan) in Russia, Ukraine and Tajikistan. The company has also set up operations as Auchan in Italy, China and Taiwan.

The name comes from the first Auchan shop in Roubaix in the district of Hauts-Champs, the pronunciation of which is identical to that of "Auchan".

As of 2022, Auchan is one of the world's largest retailers with a direct presence in France, Spain, Portugal, Luxembourg, Poland, Romania, Hungary, Ukraine, Russia, Taiwan and Senegal. In 2022, the company's revenue in Russia amounted to 237 billion rubles.

Auchan is a rare example of a Western company continuing to operate in Russia after the country's invasion of Ukraine in 2022, as well as actively funding and supporting Russian military effort. Because of that Ukrainian National Agency on Corruption Prevention listed the company among International Sponsors of War.

1961–1969: The beginnings
After meeting the founders of the Carrefour and Leclerc, on 6 July 1961, Gérard Mulliez opens the first Auchan store in a disused factory of the company Phildar, founded by his father, also named Gérard. Covering an area of 600 m2, this store was located in the district of Hauts-Champs, in Roubaix. Originally, the store was to be called "Ochan", but because of the Japanese sounding, changed the name to "Auchan". The choice of the initial letter "A" was desired by the founders to appear in first place in directories. Gérard Mulliez relied on the advice of Édouard Leclerc to open his first supermarket. This store had to be closed in the 1980s because of strong competition with the one that had been built in Leers. The building was bought by the Intermarché. In 2003 it was demolished to make space for a more modern store.

In the summer of 1967, on 20 August, Auchan opens its first hypermarket in Roncq in an initially commercial area of 3500 m2. According to Gérard Mulliez, Roncq location served as a model for other hypermarkets in France in non-food enlargement. On 27 March 1969 was opened the Englos-les-Géants shopping center at Englos in the Lille metropolis. Englos les Giants was the first shopping mall with a hypermarket and a retail park in France.

Mulliez family
Auchan SA is controlled by the Mulliez family, one of the wealthiest in France and in Europe. The Mulliez family also owns Leroy Merlin, Decathlon and other retailers.

China
Auchan opened its first store in Shanghai in 1999. It operates through Sun Art Retail Group, a public company listed in Hong Kong, in which Auchan holds 38,5% stake and Alibaba Group 26%.

Suzhou Jinji Lake store that is located in Suzhou Industrial Park had nine million visitors during that fiscal year with over four hundred million turnover and became one of the biggest Auchan hypermarkets in the world. Suzhou store expanded in 2008 and is the biggest Auchan Hypermarket in China, the second biggest in the world. Also, Auchan China led to open its online shopping website for the stores in Shanghai and Suzhou.

Auchan offers online shopping only in those two cities so far and is opening in Suzhou its first AuchanDrive store, based on its French model (click & go) in May 2012. The AuchanDrive service allows customers to purchase groceries online for home delivery, these locations being examples of online supermarkets in China.

Since 2017, a number of unmanned convenience stores, marketed as BingoBox, are being operated by Auchan in China.

In 2020, Auchan left China, after selling its shares to Alibaba.

Russia
Auchan (branded as Aшан) has been active on the Russian market since 2002 and had over 100 hypermarkets in the country by December 2016. It's the company's third largest market, after France and China. Revenues for the country reached $5 billion in 2014, ranking third behind the local retailers X5 Retail Group and Magnit. In 2016 it was ranked first in a list of the largest foreign-owned companies by the Russian edition of Forbes.

In November 2021, Russian “Auchan” signed with online-delivery service "Sbermarket" a deal of strategic partnership in e-commerce until 2028. First, from 2022, both partners will be focused on delivery from darkstores as well as delivery and loyalty programs for B2B clients. In January 2022, Russian Auchan switched on 73 stores (more than a half of its stores, including "Atak") to Sbermarket delivery. One of few western companies still operating in Russia after the country invaded Ukraine. Auchan have continued their operations in Russia, arguing they will continue to do so for "humanitarian reasons".

Auchan was added to the Ukrainian International Sponsors of War list following the 2023 joint investigation by The Insider, Bellingcat and Le Monde claimed that Auchan Russia is actively supporting Russian military in Ukraine by periodically supplying food, clothes, cigarettes and other items. Official Auchan communications claimed these items were supplied to Donbas as "humanitarian help" but as noted in the investigation, all collected items were targeted at "adult men" including items that are never supplied in regular humanitarian help, such as cigarettes, and were thus intended for Russian soldiers. Auchan Russia reportedly both organizes "mandatory voluntary" collections among its employees and provides batches of these items for free.

Senegal
Auchan entered Senegal's retail market in 2014 under the Atac brand before rebranding under its own name. Its rapid expansion focused primarily in Dakar and surrounding regions, transforming the retail landscape by offering a wide range of products, including both imported goods and locally sourced items. This approach appealed to an emerging urban middle class seeking modern shopping conveniences in contrast to traditional markets. In 2022, the group generated a revenue of 218 million euros from the Senegalese and Ivorian markets, representing just under 1% of its total revenue of 32.8 billion euros. As of November 2023, Auchan operated 39 locations throughout Senegal, in addition to offering a drive-through and home delivery service, and is the leading provider of modern food distribution in the country, surpassing Casino, Carrefour, and Elydia.

Despite its commercial success, Auchan has faced criticism regarding its competitive practices and impact on local small-scale merchant and its presence in Senegal has been marked by controversy amid broader social movements opposing perceived economic recolonization by French entities. The company's aggressive expansion into areas with established traditional markets, like Castors, is seen as threatening to small vendors and traditional food cultures across Africa. Its competitive pricing has stirred concerns about unfair competition and potential monopolization in a market dominated by informal enterprises. It has also been accused of benefiting from less stringent regulations compared to those in its home country. The movement "Auchan dégage" ("Leave, Auchan") emerged in Senegal in June 2018, spearheaded by the FRAPP coalition at Dakar's Castors market. It seeks to decolonize Senegal's economy by opposing Auchan's presence and promoting local sovereignty. It comprises a diverse coalition including consumer defense groups like ADEC and ASDEC, business associations such as CNP and UNACOIS, and environmental organizations like Joliba Agrobusiness and Sen Bio. Their goals include advocating for local consumption, protecting traditional markets, and influencing policies to support local businesses and agriculture. In October 2018, Senegal's President Macky Sall instructed the Prime Minister and Minister of Commerce to halt any new openings of Auchan stores until regulations on large-scale retail distribution were established, in what was described as the movement's first victory.

Auchan has also been involved in security incidents and was targeted during social unrest in 2021, impacting its operations. During the 2021 Senegalese protests, the company closed all its stores in the country, having suffered 14 attacks out of its 32 locations nationwide. The decision came as other French establishments like Total and Eiffage also faced vandalism, while French schools, Air France, and Orange shut down operations on Friday due to safety concerns amidst widespread protests against economic hardships and political discontent. In June 2023, amid protests following the conviction of presidential candidate Ousmane Sonko's, Auchan suffered severe losses with looting and fires at seven stores in Dakar and attacks on Total Dior and Total Liberté 6 shops. In Mbour, a non-food products tent was set ablaze.

Elo Group
Elo Group, previously known as Auchan Holding, is the holding company of Auchan Retail. It also includes New Immo Holding (previously known as Ceetrus and Immochan), the division which operates shopping centers and hypermarket galleries and Oney (previously known as Bank Accord), the financial services group that offers consumer credits and Auchan and Leroy Merlin credit cards.

Slogan
The slogan of the company was La Vie, La Vraie, which translates into English as "Life, the real one". The slogan was changed in 2007 to: La vie Auchan, elle change la vie – "Auchan's lifestyle changes life (itself).

Withdrawn ventures
Auchan opened a number of stores in Mexico; the first of these opened in Mexico City in 1996 and eventually grew to five stores.The first store located in Tlatelolco, was sold to Comercial Mexicana in 1998. Faced with stiff competition from Wal-Mart, as well as local superstore chains Gigante and Comercial Mexicana, and French rival Carrefour (who also sold their stores and left the country in March 2005), Auchan decided to sell their stores to Comercial Mexicana and withdrew from Mexico in early 2003, the three stores located in Tlatelolco, Gran Sur and Arboledas, were sold to Soriana in 2016.

In 2002 Auchan sold its hypermarkets in Thailand to Groupe Casino.

In 2007 Auchan sold its Argentine stores to Wal-Mart and withdrew from the country. In January 2011 Auchan withdrew from the Dubai market after just two years.

The first Italian Auchan hypermarket was opened in Turin on 1989. In 2019 Auchan withdrew from Italy due to financial losses, by selling most of the activities of its Auchan Retail Italia to the Italian retailer Conad. Also withdrew from Vietnam due to losses and slow development.

United States
Auchan did business in the United States from 1988 to 2003 as Auchan Hypermarket under its subsidiary, Auchan USA, who was the successor of interest to Texfield Inc. By the time of its closing it was the only French hypermarket chain to still operate American stores, as other hypermarket chains, such as Carrefour and E.Leclerc (under the guise of Leedmark) gave up in the United States market around 1993–1994.

The first American Auchan (pronounced by Houstonians as “o-shawn”) store opened in western Houston on 14 October 1988. The 250000 sqft hypermarket was located on a 31.3 acre plot of land on Beltway 8, north of U.S. Route 59/Interstate 69. The store was one of many hypermarkets to open in the U.S in the late 80's, after Walmart debuted Hypermart USA in December 1987, and Carrefour's Philadelphia store debuted in March 1988. David Kaplan of the Houston Chronicle said "it was fairly unusual and became something of a tourist attraction" when it had first opened, as it was big enough to house many small businesses in front, such as a travel agency, a jewelry store, a bank, and a food court containing a Taco Bell, McDonald's, and Pizza Hut. It also featured a huge cheese selection, a huge beer and wine selection, featuring local breweries such as Celis White, a bakery, a large seafood selection and rodeo wear.

Auchan also opened a store in the Chicago suburb of Bridgeview, Illinois, in 1989. It only sold food, and it was not as large as the Houston store. In 1991 the store closed. It was later bought by a local Chicago supermarket chain, Dominick's, and converted into an Omni Superstore by 1991.

Auchan's second Greater Houston location opened in southeast Houston in September 2000, in a former Target store, which Auchan heavily renovated (and partially built up on) prior to opening, the most obvious example being the entrances, designed to make it look huge, despite its past as a Target. Kaplan said, "Auchan had solid business its first years, but with only two stores in the country, the company lacked buying power and economy-of-scale advantages." In early January 2003 Auchan announced that both of its U.S. stores were making losses and were going to be closed; Auchan stated that it was instead going to concentrate its expansion in Asia and Europe, and on January 6, 2003, Auchan closed the two money-losing stores, ending all American operations after 15 years. Auchan USA sold its first Houston location to Ho Enterprises. Lewis Food Town occupied about 110000 sqft of the space, with the rest of the space taken by other tenants, which makes the store a bit like a mini-mall today. Kaplan said that by 2003, "the Houston market is saturated with huge discounters and large grocery stores." In addition, many similar stores, including an H-E-B Food and Drug Store, the Hong Kong Supermarket, a Sam's Club, and a Wal-Mart had opened in proximity to the west Houston Auchan. In Europe, zoning laws would prevent such a high concentration of similar stores. Kaplan further added that "In Europe, shopping malls are not as prevalent as they are in America, and Auchan's everything-under-one-roof concept has greater appeal" in Europe rather than in the United States. The second former Auchan is now used by a local scaffolding company, and was used as a shelter for Hurricane Katrina victims in 2005 and Hurricane Ike victims in 2008 due to its large space.

Morocco
Auchan's venture into Morocco began in January 2001 through acquiring a 49% stake in Marjane, marking the start of a five-year period of cooperation with ONA, a conglomerate with interests spanning mining, agribusiness, distribution, and finance. Together, they launched Acima supermarkets under a similar ownership structure (49% Auchan, 51% ONA) as Marjane. By 2006, tensions escalated when ONA unilaterally altered governance terms, increasing its representation in the joint ventures. Auchan contested this move, leading to arbitration in Casablanca, which ruled against Auchan in January 2007. The dispute, exacerbated by ONA's corporate governance changes and strategic shifts, culminated in Auchan's decision to sell its 49% stakes in both Marjane and Acima to ONA in 2007.

Building collapse at Savar
On 24 April 2013, the eight-story Rana Plaza commercial building collapsed in Savar, a sub-district near Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. At least 1,127 people died and over 2,438 were injured. The factory housed a number of separate garment factories employing around 5,000 people, several shops, and a bank and manufactured apparel for brands including the Benetton Group, Joe Fresh, The Children's Place, Primark, Monsoon, and Dressbarn. Of the 29 brands identified as having sourced products from the Rana Plaza factories, only 9 attended meetings held in November 2013 to agree a proposal on compensation to the victims. Several companies refused to sign including Walmart, Carrefour, Mango, Auchan and Kik. The agreement was signed by Primark, Loblaw, Bonmarché and El Corte Ingles.

2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine
Following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine which began on February 24, many international companies pulled out of Russia. Auchan, with nearly 300 stores and 41,000 employees in Russia, has been criticized for not announcing any scaling down of its operations, unlike most of its Western competitors.

According to documents obtained by the NGO Bellingcat, the independent Russian media The Insider and Le Monde, the retail company, owned by the Mulliez family, eighth French fortune according to Challenges, is allegedly participating in the Russian war effort.

On 23 February 2023, the Ukrainian National Agency on Corruption Prevention added the French chain Auchan Holding to the list of international sponsors of the war. During the invasion, the company refused to leave the Russian market, and its Russian subsidiary Auchan supplied products to the Russian occupiers fighting in Ukraine. The corporation itself denied the branch's involvement in helping the Russians, and justified its decision to stay in Russia by helping the civilian population.

Auchan dégage ("Leave, Auchan")
Auchan has been criticized in Senegal for its impact on local small-scale merchants, concerns about unfair competition, potential monopolization, and exploiting less stringent regulations compared to its home country. The Auchan dégage ("Leave, Auchan") movement emerged in June 2018, led by the FRAPP coalition at Dakar's Castors market. The movement aimed to decolonize Senegal's economy by opposing Auchan's presence, promoting local sovereignty, and advocating for policies that support local businesses and agriculture. It included diverse groups such as consumer defense organizations, business associations, and environmental groups. In a notable move in October 2018, Senegal's President Macky Sall instructed a halt on new Auchan store openings until regulations on large-scale retail distribution were established, marking a significant early victory for the movement.

title: Auchan


text:
Bernoulli equation

Bernoulli equation may refer to:

 * Bernoulli differential equation
 * Bernoulli's equation, in fluid dynamics
 * Euler–Bernoulli beam equation, in solid mechanics

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Bernoulli equation


text:
23rd Street

23rd Street may refer to:

Cuba

 * 23rd St. or Calle 23, a busy street at the heart of Vedado, Havana

United States

 * 23rd Street (Manhattan), a street in New York City
 * 23rd Street (Richmond, California), a street in Richmond, California.
 * 23rd Street Grounds, a former Chicago, Illinois baseball park used during the late 19th century

title: 23rd Street


text:
Template talk:Dubious

#Disputed?
Should the link to the Talk page really be  talk:#Disputed ? The relevant Talk section would have to be named Disputed. Shouldn’t there be a thing to the actual section name (however that works)? —Frungi 04:31, 24 September 2005 (UTC)
 * I changed this. 67.165.96.26 07:31, 18 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Yeah, you can specify now. —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont] ‹(-¿-)› 22:02, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

Template:Disputed redirect
I do not agree with this. I used the template on the Ghost and to my great surprise one little sentence that I had listed as dubious was now a full-blown statement that all the article was disputed. The guidelines here Disputed_statement haven't changed. So I do not see why someone would change this to a redirect unilaterally. QBorg 02:41, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Excerpts from the Guidelines: "If you come across a statement which seems or is inaccurate[...] First, insert a "Disputed" section in the talk page to describe the problem. [...] Insert {dubious} after the relevant sentence or paragraph." QBorg 02:54, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * The reason for the redirect was that the contents of this template were identical to those of tl:disputed (it even read disputed). It is generally considered not a good idea to have different two templates for the same purpose. The added advantage of tl:disputed is that it adds a category that is watched by many people, so that people will come in and help with the matter. At least that was the general idea. If it conflicts with current practice, this would bear discussion. Radiant_* 08:32, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * While I dislike seeing disputes waged in the article itself, that is what Disputed statement calls for. Personally, I would rather have the issue handled only on the article's talk page, but that's neither here nor there.  The two templates are used for different purposes --  is to fairly unobtrusively dispute a statement in an article;  should be used to dispute the overall accuracy of an entire article, although many people slap that template on an article because they disagree with part of one sentence.  Hmm... maybe  should be advertised more.  SWAdair | Talk  10:13, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Interesting note: Verifiability suggests either copying or moving a disputed statement to the talk page, but doesn't mention adding a tag of any sort.  That's what I like.  Handle it all on the talk page.  SWAdair | Talk  10:29, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I do agree that disputes are handled better on a talk page. That's what talk pages are for. But it seems to me that either Disputed statement or WP:V needs an amendment; maybe we should get some other opinions on the matter? Radiant_* 10:59, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * My point was basically that "dubious" is a nice tool for telling an user unfamiliar with wikipedia that a sentence he just reads might be false to redirects them on the talk page. I'm new on wikipedia so I do not really know where we could get more opinions on the matter. QBorg 15:30, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * I have used this template to flag off a section on Meluhha which I am unqualified to verify, but which raises my suspicions. It seems like a decent enough warning to the casual reader, especially since I don't feel able to judge whether or not it should be removed entirely. However, is there another way of bringing this to the attention of a linguist who could speak to the cited author's credentials? --April Arcus 23:49, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Link to talk page
I don't think article pages should be linking to Talk pages. Sites that reproduce our articles rarely reproduce the Talk pages, and certainly any printed version would not. It seems to break the normal rules of namespace boundaries. A simple note that the fact is disputed seems adequate, and readers can consult the Talk page if they so desire. Soo 17:16, 19 December 2005 (UTC)
 * Good point! There is code that will prevent the talk-page-related content from showing up on mirrors, but I misremember what that code is at present. Someone does need to fix this. There is at least one other template with a talk link like this that will also need this treatment. —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont] ‹(-¿-)› 22:00, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

"Dubious" not "disputed"
This tag is "dubious" but the text it inserts is "disputed". I think they should both be "dubious". After all, there is a template for disputed content. When I add this it isn't because I don't believe something is true it's because I am skeptical and think someone else should have a look. If I don't get comments here I may just be bold and change the text of this tempmlate. —Ben FrantzDale 06:36, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

I strongly agree with Ben FrantzDale's suggestion, at least as long as no other tag is available--as I don't think there is--to indicate an assertion of which one is suspicious, but which one doesn't necessarily dispute per se, because of a lack of counter-evidence. If the George Bush article were to say he likes eating houseflies, I would like to flag that as dubious, though I do not dispute it since I have no evidence to the contrary. Is there any reason why the text for this isn't "dubious" instead of "disputed"? --CHE 16:23, 29 July 2006 (UTC)

 * I see you just made the change yesterday. Very good. —Ben FrantzDale 00:41, 7 August 2006 (UTC)

Burden of proof?
I am engaged in a dispute over a sourced, scholarly claim in an article. The editor who added the dispute tag, when challenged to directly quote from the cited source and show how it did not prove its point, declared that he felt he did not need to quote from the source as he felt it was entirely incorrect in every particular. He then claimed I should prove why I feel the source is correct. Note that I did not add this source to the article; it has been there for a long time.

The question is, is the burden of proof on the editor who adds the dubious tag, or on the editor(s) who defend the cited source? Ie., must he prove the source is wrong, or must I prove it right? Kasreyn 18:33, 14 June 2006 (UTC)
 * This question does not belong on a template's talk page; try Content dispute; see also Disputed statement. —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont] ‹(-¿-)› 21:57, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

DisputedAssertion and Dubious templates
Template:Dubious versus Template:DisputedAssertion. See WP:TFD.

Personally, I think that the name of the latter is more consistent with other templates, though the former (this page) has more history. Also, I like the idea of a picture separating a line item as a functional element of the page, and not a parenthetical. For the newbie's sake. If Template:DisputedAssertion makes it, this page may need to be differentiated from Template:DisputedAssertion, or merged with it. Again, my opinion, is to merge.

— < T A L K JNDRLINE T A L K >

 * My opinion is that the Dubious template ought to stay, and moreover ought to read on the page as "dubious" rather than disputed. The point here is that they're two different things. I dispute something when I feel I have counterevidence. I am doubtful of something when I don't necessarily have counterevidence, but I'm suspicious of the assertion for various reasons; e.g. it just sounds totally nuts, it's been added by an editor who has added known falsehoods in the past (I have recently run into that), it creates inconsistencies. In any case, it is a flag that should warn the reader of a something misleading, or should capture the attention of an editor who might know better, but who might have missed the addition without the flag. CHE 18:33, 4 August 2006 (UTC)
 * As noted elsewhere, this isn't what this template is for. If you are doubtful of something unsourced, and it is not already subject to an editing dispute, use fact. If it is sourced and you doubt the source's authoritativeness, use rs. If it is allegedly sourced, but you doubt that the source says what the article claims it does, use verify source.  Etc.  See WP:WPILT for a list of all known inline templates of this sort. —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont]  ‹(-¿-)› 21:56, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

Wikiproject Inline templates proposed
WikiProject Council/Proposals. I've been meaning to do this for a while. — SMcCandlish [talk] [contrib] ツ 16:31, 19 March 2007 (UTC)

"Relevance" question
Should the "Dubious" template be used in situations where the relevance, but not the accuracy of a statement is disputed? If not, what template should be used in its place? CJCurrie 04:15, 7 May 2007 (UTC)
 * No, it's for sourcing/reliability/factuality/interpretation disputes (i.e. stuff covered by WP:V). There is no template I know of for relevance, at least not an inline one. More a matter for WP:BOLD cleanup, or talk page discussion at this point. A more general cleanup tag (even Cleanup could be used and the issues raised on the talk page. —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont]  ‹(-¿-)› 22:41, 12 May 2007 (UTC)
 * I take that back. If there is an active dispute about the relevance of a statement, then this template would in fact apply; basically, if it is something that could be addressed by [[Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute

Wikipedia:Disputed statement]] more narrowly, then dubious could be relevant. (Also, some consider Cleanup to be deprecated, per Clarify the cleanup, so my recommendation to use it is now obsolete.) —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont] ‹(-¿-)› 21:50, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

"Try not to use"
re: edit by The Cunctator, who writes on the template, `try not to use,' : why? see discussion above. There are lots of situations where one is surprised by an assertion but doesn't +know+ that it's false, and so wants to call the attention of the other editors to it, or to the editor who added it that it needs support. This seems essential to a wiki. CHE 21:56, 28 June 2007 (UTC)
 * That's what talk pages, search engines, and libraries are for. Please try to keep inline disruptions to a minimum. The template serves an identical purpose. --The Cunctator 20:43, 29 June 2007 (UTC)
 * Indeed; the very issues raised by CHE are not at all what this template is for, though its previous incarnation of documentation made it sound like it was actually a clone of fact. —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont] ‹(-¿-)› 21:41, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

Merge
Result: disputable was redirected to dubious in September 2007.

It is proposed that disputable be merged into dubious:
 * 1) Language to remain the same at dubious (i.e., in agreement with itself, unlike disputable)
 * 2) Tooltip to link to Disputed statement (not Accuracy dispute, which is for article-wide disputes)
 * 3) Anything salient about the disputable documentation will be added into the dubious documentation.
 * 4) Final documentation will be clarified, that dubious is not for flagging items that an editor thinks might be incorrect or unsourced (this is what fact is for), but for tagging statements that are subject to ongoing dispute among edidors, e.g. due to conflicting sources. The purpose of this template is a) to warn readers that a statement in the article may not be accurate, and b) to alert editors that additional sources need to be found, to ascertain which of the conflicting views in the dispute is more authoritative.  If this usage correction is not made, it is very likely that this template will simply be merged with fact (probably forcibly, via WP:TFD, the next time someone who likes XfD processes notices that this template is being misused as a fact-alike.
 * Support as nominator. I'm going to start working on the dox cleanup now. —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont] ‹(-¿-)› 20:56, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Pending answer to Question Hmmm - it seems strange that you're proposing that disputable be meged using the word dubius, and then you're proposing dubius should be changed to something like disputable-inline, why don't we just redirect to ?--  daniel  folsom  23:37, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Answer: The merge isn't about the template name, but rather about the code and its functionality. dubious has useful, standardized code, while there really isn't anything salvageable at all about disputable except perhaps for some wording to add to the documentation (and even that is iffy). This is really more of an informal TfD against disputable than it is merge proposal, per se. —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont] ‹(-¿-)› 20:31, 26 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Agreed with merge. — Omegatron 04:51, 27 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Well while I can't really see much of a difference in functionality, that's probably because I don't use - but hey: Support--  daniel  folsom  14:31, 27 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Endorse merge nomination but also suggest that the template instead transclude articles into Category:Articles with disputed statements (month/year timestamp optional) rather than Category:Accuracy disputes(the status quo is making that category slightly bloated)... Ranma9617 02:03, 6 September 2007 (UTC)
 * Support the merge. Dubious is a much, much better representation. -User:LelandRB|Señor Lelandro]] 02:00, 20 June 2008 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of the . Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

It is proposed that this template be renamed disputed-inline (and its wording edited from "dubious" to "disputed" to conform), in keeping with other inline variants of page/section-level box templates like disputed.

 * Support (as nominator). The "dubious" name and wording has been subject to dispute here before, is unclear, and has often confused people into thinking that this template is simply an alternative version of fact (and misusing it as one), which it is not. Go with the nascent convention of using "[BigTemplateName]-inline"; this is much easier to remeber than quirky names like "dubious". —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont]  ‹(-¿-)› 22:25, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Comment - with a redirect from dubious, right? — Omegatron 04:48, 27 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Reply: Oh definitely; we certainly don't want to break present deployment! That would double-plus suck. —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont]  ‹(-¿-)› 06:08, 27 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Comment. I think the connotations of "disputed" and "dubious" are very different. I tend to use this tag when I doubt the veracity of information but have little in the way of concrete proof to back my argument up; "disputed" says to me that the sources themselves conflict. Is there a reason these can't be separate inline templates? Dekimasu よ! 10:37, 27 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Reply. That's pretty much my entire point (for both the rename, and the related merge, above).  This is a Disputed statement ("subdivision" of Accuracy dispute) template, not a Verifiability template.  Template:Fact exists to flag unsourced or inadequately sourced suspicious information, and due to this template's vague name, people have been improperly using it as a fact substitute. —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont]  ‹(-¿-)› 13:26, 27 July 2007 (UTC)
 * If we have two meanings, then we need two templates. Just write disputed-inline. Sometimes one wants to say "dubious". Septentrionalis PMAnderson 17:56, 28 July 2007 (UTC)
 * We would have two templates: disputed-inline and citation needed (a.k.a. fact); there isn't any clear-cut policy/guideline with regard to "dubious" items, whatever that means (i.e., the label is ambiguous), by contrast with things which are subject to Disputed statement/Accuracy dispute or to Verifiability/Attribution concerns, respectively. —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont] ‹(-¿-)› 14:51, 31 July 2007 (UTC)
 * This particular template can be categorized differently, but to change how it displays is to alter the intentions of the editors who added it to the articles. That's my point, so I think we're talking past each other. Dekimasu よ! 02:27, 31 July 2007 (UTC)
 * My counter would be that this template had an intended purpose, and a mistaken one, and that the fact that it has been misused as as fact clone in some instances is kind of inescapable, no matter what is done with it. That cleanup will take time does not militate against cleanup. :-) —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont]  ‹(-¿-)› 14:49, 31 July 2007 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the . Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

It was requested that this article be renamed but there was no consensus for it be moved. --Stemonitis 07:12, 1 August 2007 (UTC)

"disputed"
Seriously, I don't see why this template says "dubious" instead of "disputed", and I can't tell if there was a consensus for change in the little vote right above here.

I think "dubious" makes it seem as if editors, or Wikipedia, are personally making a judgment about some facts within an article, whereas saying "disputed" would express something more along the lines of "I personally don't have an opinion on this, but just so you readers know, it is under dispute right now". I used it in that sense, for example, on Suman Ranganathan just now, not intending to call something into question but just to mark a passage that is the subject of a dispute.

Would it be beneficial to change the way this template appears? Or would it be better just to turn disputed-inline into a new template that actually says "disputed"? I see that that template did say "disputed" for a while but was redirected here in September 2008...does anyone remember why? r ʨ anaɢ talk/contribs 14:45, 11 June 2009 (UTC)

 * Actually, on second thought, I have BOLDly undone the redirecting because I think is valuable and don't see any discussion that generated consensus to redirect it. If anyone disagrees, feel free to revert me and start such a discussion. Thanks, r ʨ anaɢ talk/contribs 14:55, 11 June 2009 (UTC)

Can we delete this template?
This is yet another template designed to add inline criticisms of an article while allowing the critic to avoid actually doing anything about it. It serves no purpose other than to add to Wikipedia's chronic issue with unprofessional inline complaints.

Either users should FIX THE SODDING ARTICLES or they should actually post their issues on the relevant article's talk: pages. It serves no purpose to keep adding these kinds of template. Please, let's delete this one, and start to consider deleting most of the others too. --66.149.58.8 (talk) 02:52, 8 August 2009 (UTC)

 * This argument refers to the inline dubious tag, but I'm sure it's transferable to situations involving the section one. That's not always possible. For example, I strongly suspect an error in an article I am looking at right now, but it's likely the person who put the knowledge in has greater knowledge in the field than I do, in fact I knew what they put in was wrong but I don't know the right information. I disputed it a first time and it was changed by someone else to something closer to the truth, in fact the error is minor now and they have again quoted a source suggesting they have greater familiarity with the field than I, yet my computation shows it is wrong - again - just less so than before. Rather than go and delete the work of someone who is likely more expert than I, I'd like to flag it dubious and show my proofs so people can see it, decide if I am right or not and then (hopefully) fix it, or remove the dubious flag and show why my proof is wrong. You could say "that should just go in the discussion" but the unfortunate truth is on many articles, putting things in discussion means they will simply be ignored, and in the alternative, a user could rely on dubious information that was only disputed in the discussion pages in the interim. This (inline dubious) flag brings an issue to attention. So long as the person adding it shows their reasoning it serves it's purpose well. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.132.139.32 (talk) 09:14, 9 September 2009 (UTC)

Redirect to disputed-inline
Following discussion at Village_pump_(proposals), how about redirecting this tag to Disputed-inline? Currently clicking on "dubious" in the template takes you to Disputed statement, and the meaning of "dubious" is not really clear. Rd232 talk 17:33, 20 January 2010 (UTC)

Is this the way it's supposed to work?
In Bicycle braking systems I used the following tag:

Here's the section title declaration: == Larger rotors == Greater stopping power ? ==

It produces a discuss super that takes me to the Discussion page, but not to the named section, which is way down the page, and the name of which is not visible to the clicker anyway. Is this how it's supposed to work? Seems kinda pointless to use the section title if so.

Hmmm. Maybe the double equals is confusing it. Let me try changing the title. Dmforcier (talk) 19:09, 20 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Yep, that seems to have fixed it. Does the template parse the title for heading tags? Dmforcier (talk) 19:09, 20 June 2010 (UTC)
 * No; it's the equal sign that does it: before this parameter even gets as far as the template, the wikicode parser has spotted the first equals sign, and based on that, has decided that you are trying to pass a value of  through a parameter named  . Of course, having done that, the value is lost because  does not have a parameter named Larger rotors.
 * Where a parameter value is intended to contain equal signs, you need to put it through a named parameter, or fake the parameter number. has no suitable named parameter, so the following fudge could have worked:
 * -- Red rose64 (talk) 21:07, 20 June 2010 (UTC)
 * -- Red rose64 (talk) 21:07, 20 June 2010 (UTC)

Editprotected request involving this template
This message is to inform people monitoring this talk page that there is an "editprotected" request involving this and several other templates at Template talk:! cymru.lass (hit me up)⁄(background check) 20:09, 28 December 2010 (UTC)

Edit request from Cymru.lass, 4 February 2011
Will someone please put  in the template, right after  ? This will categorize the page in Category:Pages with incorrectly substituted templates if it is substed. Thanks! --- c y m r u . l a s s  (talk me, stalk me) 02:31, 4 February 2011 (UTC)

 * I support this request. Such is the standard for all maintenance templates, and for obvious reason. Debresser (talk) 10:19, 4 February 2011 (UTC)
 * ✅ in a slightly different way to that suggested. See Template talk:Fix/Archive 1 for details. — Martin (MSGJ · talk) 18:23, 6 February 2011 (UTC)

Purpose? Dispute?
What is the real purpose of this template? The documentation starts " Add after a specific statement or alleged fact that is subject to dispute (your own or someone else's) ". It then goes "It is best to simultaneously try to resolve the dispute on the talk page."

So is this for alleged facts which are already disputed, or not yet? See also. --Chealer (talk) 19:18, 3 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Yes, this template is for statements that are being disputed. Debresser (talk) 21:42, 3 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Also, I object to your removal of a much needed warning from the documentation, and will restore it. Debresser (talk) 21:42, 3 March 2012 (UTC)

 * Thanks. So, if we're going that way, would anyone oppose changing the text from "dubious - discuss" to "disputed"? --Chealer (talk) 02:46, 17 April 2012 (UTC)
 * The strength of the present title "Dubious" is that it allows for tagging statements that sound unlikely, even if there is no clear source claiming its inaccuracy or logical proof to that extent. If we had one of two, we would have to add the opposing statement to the article, or remove the statement altogether. Which is why this tag calls for discussion. In short, I think the present title is fit. Debresser (talk) 14:25, 17 April 2012 (UTC)
 * One of two what? --Chealer (talk) 16:22, 17 April 2012 (UTC)
 * A source or a proof. Debresser (talk) 16:35, 17 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Oh, so one of the two. OK --Chealer (talk) 02:45, 18 April 2012 (UTC)
 * I believe this is what Debresser intended to write: "The strength of the present title "Dubious" is that it allows for tagging a statement that sounds unlikely, even if there is no clear source claiming its inaccuracy or logical proof to that extent. If we had one of the two, we would have to add the opposing statement to the article, or remove the statement altogether. Which is why this tag calls for discussion. In short, I think the present title is fit." --Chealer (talk) 02:45, 18 April 2012 (UTC)

 * I guess you're saying this template is for statements that are not being disputed then. Since you already stated that this template is for statements that are being disputed, I suppose you think this template can be used on dubious statements, whether they are disputed or not. --Chealer (talk) 02:51, 18 April 2012 (UTC), corrected 16:17, 18 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Statements then. Sigh... Debresser (talk) 05:49, 18 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Right. --Chealer (talk) 16:17, 18 April 2012 (UTC)

 * Considering the clarification made above, would anyone oppose solving this by changing the documentation where it says "It is best to simultaneously try to resolve the dispute on the talk page.", to "If the alleged fact is already disputed, it is best to simultaneously try to resolve the dispute on the talk page."? --Chealer (talk) 02:51, 18 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Perhaps keep it closer to the wording of the template and say "It is best to simultaneously try to discuss the dubious statement on the talk page."? Debresser (talk) 05:49, 18 April 2012 (UTC)
 * That's even better. Does anyone oppose adapting the documentation in such a way? --Chealer (talk) 16:20, 18 April 2012 (UTC)
 * ✅ --Chealer (talk) 17:22, 27 April 2012 (UTC)
 * Thank you. Debresser (talk) 20:13, 28 April 2012 (UTC)

Contested rather then dubious?
Wouldn't this template be better named contested? I often hesitate adding dubious, because it really not clear that the right word. It's not citation needed either because there is sometimes a citation already. The more exact situation is that it is contested. So could the template and it's content be changed to Contested. Regards, SunCreator (talk) 18:55, 19 July 2012 (UTC)
 * Not really. If a dubious tag is added, it means precisely that: dubious. That is less than actually contest it. Debresser (talk) 22:58, 19 July 2012 (UTC)

Breaks on brackets
I get for. ᛭ LokiClock (talk) 22:03, 25 September 2012 (UTC)
 * First, the template should not be substituted - that is, don't use  - I have de-substituted the above example. Second, the template's argument is used to create a link, and links may not contain square brackets. This is partly because square brackets have special meaning in wiki markup; and partly because square brackets are forbidden in page titles which means that they are also forbidden in section headings - see Help:Link. Since they have apparently been used in a section heading, you need to workaround this by using a technique such as percent encoding, so use the form  which produces . -- Red rose64 (talk) 12:47, 26 September 2012 (UTC)

Talk link redirect does not work
The specified format is: It seems that whatever I put into the Talk section name, the dubious-discuss only links to the top of the talk page. Also, anything added to reason= does not display. Are these this intentional? Should the doc be changed? Thank you Jim1138 (talk) 16:50, 25 June 2013 (UTC)
 * Which pages have you added a to, that are not linking? -- Red rose64 (talk) 18:48, 25 June 2013 (UTC)

Instructions conflict with instructions for "Citation needed" template
On the page for this template under the "Incorrect uses" section, it states: "This template is not to be used: to flag unsourced statements, and those which one simply thinks might be incorrect – use "

On the page for the "Citation needed" template under the "When not to use this template" section, it states: "The template is intended for use when there is a general question of the verifiability of a statement, or when an editor believes that a reference verifying the statement should be provided. ... claims that you think are incorrect should be tagged with "

Have I misunderstood something?

It appears that the "Citation needed" page says that statements the editor thinks are incorrect should be tagged with Dubious, as the Citation needed tag is not for this purpose. Then the "Dubious" page says that statements the editor thinks are incorrect should be tagged with Citation needed, as the Dubious tag is not for this purpose. Which is correct? Which should I use under such circumstances? Paranoid Android 2600! (talk) 16:43, 8 December 2013 (UTC)

 * The explanation is as follows: Dubious is for sourced statements that nevertheless seem dubious, either because of the source itself or because of the source's interpretation by the editor who wrote the statement in the Wikipedia article. Citation_needed is for statements that are unsourced, regardless if you agree with it or think the statement is incorrect.
 * I'll try and rewrite that sentence in the documentation to make this more clear. Debresser (talk) 16:55, 8 December 2013 (UTC)

 * Ah, thank you very much for clearing that up (and for the fast response). So if I understand correctly (I'm still fairly new to doing things like tagging articles and such, and while I would try to only tag something if, for whatever reason, I cannot fix it myself, it still might be potentially irritating or even offend the people that contributed to that article when someone comes along and points out all the problems but doesn't seem to make any effort to improve things themselves, and I don't wish to cause this sort of thing.  Granted, that may not be completely avoidable all the time, but I at least want to be certain I am using such "tools" in the correct manner when I do use them), the Citation needed page shouldn't say that "claims you think are incorrect should use Dubious", but rather, claims you think are incorrect but are sourced shouldn't use the Citation needed tag - and if they aren't sourced, it's irrelevant whether or not you think they may be inaccurate, the Citation needed tag should be used.  For the Dubious template instructions, "claims you think are incorrect" SHOULD use Dubious - but (of course) it's not meant to be based on merely the personal opinion, feelings or "hunch" of the particular editor - the determination of something being dubious would be based on certain, specific factors relating to the source (e.g. if the source is valid) that's given for that claim.  Thanks again! Paranoid Android 2600! (talk) 21:13, 10 December 2013 (UTC)

Proposal
After all that is said and done, I still think there is an issue here. The above explains the issue according to the documentation page here on Dubious. The instructions here state specifically that this template should be used only for sourced statements that are nevertheless dubious. On the other hand, the documentation page of Citation needed implies clearly that this template is for all dubious statements, including non-sourced. My experience seems to support this second usage, and logic also dictates that the word "dubious" can pertain to any statement, without any relation to its sourcing.

In short, I propose to change the documentation here to reflect that this template can be used for unsourced statements as well.

In such a case it seems reasonable that a Citation needed tag could also be added, but that would be up to the editor. After all, we are under no obligation to exhaustively tag articles, and pointing to an issue will usually open the discussion to such an extend that sourcing will also be dealt with. Debresser (talk) 01:22, 11 December 2013 (UTC)
 * To avoid even the question of double-tagging the same statement and reduce the possibility of confusion, my personal preference at this time would be to use CN for unsourced statements and Dubious for statements that are sourced but nevertheless...dubious. DonIago (talk) 16:49, 11 December 2013 (UTC)
 * If a statement is dubious and unsourced, I see no problem with double tagging, but in actual practice this is not often done. Debresser (talk) 17:11, 11 December 2013 (UTC)
 * It seems a bit redundant to me in this case, but I'm enough of a cynic that I consider unsourced statements inherently dubious. If we can eliminate the "need" for double-tagging I'd like to do so, but I'm certainly open to other possibilities. DonIago (talk) 17:19, 11 December 2013 (UTC)

The reason parameter doesn't do anything for me
When I try to use the reason parameter it doesn't show up. Example. The reason "She would have been his fifth grandmother" doesn't show up. How come? Contact Basemetal   here  01:11, 1 February 2014 (UTC)
 * The reason parameter is a dummy, which intentionally does not display. It's mentioned in the documentation, as "a dummy parameter, used to add a short explanation of the issue"; a fuller description should be left on the article's talk page. Also please note that parameter names are always case-sensitive unless the template has additional code to permit variants, therefore February 2014 should be February 2014 -- Red rose64 (talk) 10:25, 1 February 2014 (UTC)

Which template description is correct
There is an un-sourced claim that I believe to be incorrect. I looked at the description of several templates, and each says to use a different template. Specifically, Citation needed#When not to use this template states For example, claims that you think are incorrect should be tagged with Dubious, while Dubious#Incorrect usage states to flag unsourced statements, including those which you think might be incorrect – use Citation needed. Which should I use? Shmuel (Seymour J.) Metz Username:Chatul (talk) 21:19, 24 November 2014 (UTC)
 * It would help if you told us which article this is in, and which is the unsourced claim in question. -- Red rose64 (talk) 00:13, 25 November 2014 (UTC)
 * An example is the claim IBM also developed, but never officially released, TSS/360, a time-sharing system for the System/360 Model 67. in History of operating systems. It is unsourced; according to Cn I should tag it as Dubious and according to Dubious I should tag it as Cn. Shmuel (Seymour J.) Metz Username:Chatul (talk) 19:38, 30 November 2014 (UTC)
 * Since you've raised a talk page thread on that matter, I would use because  can't be linked to a talk page discussion. -- Red rose64 (talk) 19:58, 30 November 2014 (UTC)
 * Thanks - done. That still leaves the general question of how to tag an unsourced statement that you know to be incorrect. If Dubious is appropriate, shouldn't the description so indicate? Shmuel (Seymour J.) Metz Username:Chatul (talk) 21:07, 30 November 2014 (UTC)
 * If you are certain that it is incorrect, remove it and explain why in the edit summary. If you are reverted, direct them to WP:BURDEN. -- Red rose64 (talk) 21:19, 30 November 2014 (UTC)
 * I've just encountered the same conflict. What if I don't know for certain that the claim is incorrect, but think that it is?
 * For now, I've made this documentation harmonise with Citation needed#When not to use this template, because it has always been my understanding that Citation needed is for statements that appear at least plausible. --Florian Blaschke (talk) 20:50, 30 September 2019 (UTC)

Improve the spacing
You see this? There is too much space between the s and the closing bracket. —User 000 name 05:51, 12 April 2015 (UTC)
 * That would be a matter of opinion. I myself tend to agree with you. In any case, this is not the correct place to write about that issue. This is the talkpage of the Dubious template only. Perhaps write about this at Village pump (technical). If you do, let me know, and I'll support you. Debresser (talk) 13:14, 12 April 2015 (UTC)
 * & I agree. I noticied it when editing Draft:The Lego Movie Sequel. For your display, here's what it actually looks like, in an example:

There's nothing wrong with the current Dubious template!

Someone just needs to erase a space, that's all. AKA Casey Rollins Talk with Casey 7:37 AM EST April 22, 2015
 * I certainly agree, and the cause is that the "discuss" link is wrapped by a . This class is hidden on mobile. I have serious reservations about this practice in general, which seems to be aimed at keeping mobile readers as readers and not encouraging them to become editors (it also used to be the case for main until several people complained about it being essential navigation material). I do most of my editing on mobile these days and having to switch to desktop view to even see a link to talk is very annoying. Hairy Dude (talk) 18:37, 30 October 2015 (UTC)

Sandbox?
Where's the sandbox for this template? AKA Casey Rollins User talk:AKA Casey Rollins 7:40 AM EST April 22, 2015
 * It's not been created yet. But there are links to do that; at the bottom of the template's documentation, you will see a green box with three lines of text, the middle one reads "Editors can experiment in this template's sandbox ([//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Dubious/sandbox&action=edit&preload=Template%3ADocumentation%2Fpreload-sandbox create] ..." -- Red rose64 (talk) 14:10, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

Help re rules. When is it not legtimate to place a dubious tag to signal request for further sourcing for an extraordinary claim?
At Yehuda Glick I placed a dubious tag on a source, which is mainstream but said something that looks odd, after having searched the net for confirmation of that statement. I found no mainstream source independently containing this information. Thus the RS is a singleton. By placing a tag there, I asked other editors to find further evidence that I can’t find for this, to me, extraordinary claim. It was reverted by another user who habitually reverts me). I have difficulty in explaining the problem to the editor, who says that(after 9 years,) I still need to brush up on policy. Help, re the propriety of asking for further WP:RS with a dubious tag, anyone?Nishidani (talk) 20:20, 17 June 2015 (UTC)
 * That editor was wrong to revert you with the edit summary "don't tag w/o discussion - the source states this explicitly". The Dubious tag is appropriate precisely for that reason, otherwise the statement should simply be removed as unsourced.
 * The most appropriate tag in this case would be Verify source.
 * By the way, what do you find dubious about the statement that two organizations claimed responsibility for an attack? That happens all the time. Debresser (talk) 14:18, 18 June 2015 (UTC)
 * The last I heard of Fatah claiming responsibility for anything violent was during the 2nd intifada. Fatah is part of the PLO which is the ruling power in the West Bank, where the Palestinian National Authority is funded by Israel, EU and the US. Had Fatah claimed it was behind the attempted murder of an Israeli in Jerusalem, all hell would have broken out politically, since it would mean Mahmoud Abbas, as a Fatah leader and PNA pm, was behind the attempted assassination.
 * Verify source is not appropriate because one just one source states this, and I verified that it did. The problem is, I can find no other source, re Glick, or re Fatah generally, officially claiming responsibility for murdering Israelis recently. Its funding depends on compliance with multilateral internationally stipulated agreements to desist from such violence or terror. Had Fatah claimed responsibility, it would have been noted in Haaretz, Ynet, The Jerusalem Post, and the New York Times, to start with. Zilch. That is why a tag is needed. What I do with tags when I meet them, is google to see if I can supply the evidence. The deleter refuses to google and come up with a confirmatory source (I tried and failed). Without the tag, the reader may be susceptible to accepting an extraordinary claim simply on the basis of a unique source in a mainstream but distinctly tilted newspaper, which may have, as often happens, slipped up due to sloppy editing.Nishidani (talk) 15:07, 18 June 2015 (UTC)
 * Please read the documentation of Verify source again. It is not for checking the statement in the article with the source, but for checking the source itself. Debresser (talk) 22:05, 18 June 2015 (UTC)
 * Thanks. But (a) the source is standard RS (b) contains the statement and (c) the editor refuses to accept the argument there is something odd there. But, I'll take you up on it and use this tag. Let's see, then. Cheers Nishidani (talk) 05:58, 19 June 2015 (UTC)

"Incorrect uses"
Frankly, in the list of incorrect uses, I expected to find something like: ...per WP:BLPREMOVE, of course. Is there a reason why the above would not be an incorrect use? GregorB (talk) 18:14, 12 October 2015 (UTC)
 * "to challenge a contentious unsourced or poorly sourced statement about a living person - remove such statements from the article immediately"
 * It already says "to flag unsourced statements". No need to specify all sorts of unsourced statements. Debresser (talk) 13:29, 13 October 2015 (UTC)
 * Yes, but it says "use citation needed", and in this particular case this is not a good advice. Of course, cn doc itself advises against using the template for contentious BLP stuff, but many people who wanted to use "dubious" won't know (or check) that. GregorB (talk) 07:26, 16 October 2015 (UTC)
 * It is not bad advice either. Also note that not all statements on BLP are contentious. So I think the advice to use Citation needed is the best general advice. Debresser (talk) 11:59, 16 October 2015 (UTC)

Protected edit request: Make the link to talk visible on mobile
Please remove the tags. This prevents the link to talk from showing up on mobile, with consequences discussed above. Hairy Dude (talk) 09:38, 2 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Span tags are used in many maintenance templates. I don't think we should remove them because of a problem with (some?) mobile telephones. In any case, this would be an issue to bring to the attention of WikiMedia developers. Debresser (talk) 17:31, 2 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: please establish a consensus for this alteration before using the template. fredgandt 17:38, 2 April 2016 (UTC)
 * The problem is not with some mobile telephones. It is all devices which use the mobile interface, and the problem is not the span tags but the metadata class, which has the declaration  in mobile.css - there are two fixes, one id to remove the declaration from the style sheet, the other is to remove the class from the template.
 * This is a frequent issue at WP:VPT along the theme of "why does (insert name of template here) not show on mobile?" -- Red rose64 (talk) 22:32, 2 April 2016 (UTC)
 * So this is an issue for developers? Debresser (talk) 07:17, 3 April 2016 (UTC)

The 'reason' parameter
Regarding this revert, I'm well aware that reason is undisplayed in many cases, since. Heh. In many cases we've moved toward actually displaying it (though some want to use to to the tooltip content in inline templates, an unbelievably bad idea I'll get into later and elsewhere). When the template's own documentation doesn't state that the display is suppressed, and goes to the trouble of demanding a value, this is a strong indication that the intent is to actually display the content in the tooltip. The labeling of it as a "dummy parameter" was intentionally removed in September 2015. Is there a particular reason you feel it must be suppressed in Dubious in particular? It actually seems like a very good candidate for display, because the template itself is vague, and too often an actual talk page discussion is not opened about whatever it is that is being flagged as dubious. — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  23:29, 2 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Personally I think having the reason displayed is a good idea, and many templates do that. Just that not as a note, like SMcCandlish added it to a few templates recently, but instead of the usual text, like this:, as usual. as a silent parameter, like SMcCandlish suggested at Template_talk:Contradict-inline.
 * By the way, what is "nonfactual"? Perhaps replace that by "factually incorrect" or even just simply "incorrect"? Debresser (talk) 07:21, 3 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Dictionary.com on nonfactual, but "incorrect" would work.  — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  01:12, 5 April 2016 (UTC)
 * I'd prefer "incorrect". Debresser (talk) 09:59, 5 April 2016 (UTC)

Suggestion to allow specifying talk page where discussion should take place
I used this template for Inflation-fn when I moved three citations from deeply buried template documentation pages into this central repository. Two of these were already marked as dubious in the template documentation pages, and a third was merely a bare link in a hidden comment in the respective dataset. If possible, I would change the usage to direct to Template talk:Inflation-fn rather than the talk page of whichever article the citation appears on.

However, I suppose there is potential for mild misuse, if for example someone does something like. If another template or code would be more suitable for this situation please let me know or edit the other template to correct. Or would discussing each instance of inflation citation be preferred to happen on every article it is to be used on? djr13 (talk) 06:17, 3 April 2016 (UTC)
 * By default the link is to a section named "Dubious" on the talk page for the page that the template is placed on. You can use the first unnamed parameter to pass the name of a different talk page section, e.g. however that section still needs to be on the talk page for the page that the template is placed on. -- Red rose64 (talk) 07:55, 3 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Yes, I am aware of this, that's why I was suggesting allowing changing which talk page the template refers to. djr13 (talk) 05:08, 6 April 2016 (UTC)
 * I don't see a legit use case for this. If the template is using bad data, that's an issue to raise on the template talk page. If there's something not from a template that's dubious, the discussion should take place at that page's talk page. The "danger" here is fairly broad, the most obvious negative use case being WP:OWNish wikiproject people directly all dispute/cleanup template talk regarding "their" articles to the wikiproject talk page. We have a discuss parameter on a few templates like the merge/split ones, because two pages are involved and we need to centralize discussion at one of them. That doesn't really arise with a template like dubious or citation needed.  — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  19:16, 15 April 2016 (UTC)
 * I agree that this could be useful in some cases. If there's some content issue that's spread over a few related pages, and there's already some discussion of it taking place at the talk page of one of those articles, it could be useful to link to that discussion when applying this template to one of the related pages. I faced this situation when I went to apply the template to Projet de communauté philosophe. I would have liked the "discuss" link to go to an existing section of the talk page for the author of that work. (What I ended up doing instead was just mentioning the talk page in the "reason" parameter.) Colin M (talk) 15:35, 12 July 2019 (UTC)

Maybe some clarification
Per this entirely too lengthy discussion on ANI, I wonder if some brief clarification might be helpful on the Incorrect Usage section.

Basically, the editor seems to be on the losing end of consensus over a relatively minor (but apparently deeply personal) issue, and has decided to use this template as a statement, pushing to include it as a way of saying that they're not changing the article per se, but they're bucking consensus anyway by tagging the line as dubious.

Seems like there could be some gently worded clause, reminding editors that this template is not a weapon. Timothy Joseph Wood 22:51, 14 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Is there any case in which a template is a weapon? DonIago (talk) 13:51, 15 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Of course not, but compare guidance at Template:Citation needed, which preempts predicable misuse of the template. Timothy Joseph Wood  14:38, 15 April 2016 (UTC)
 * Temperamental and annoying people will be temperamental and annoying. We shouldn't add disclaimers and "don't be a bad child" warnings to every template that can be used sarcastically or otherwise pointedly, or we'd spend all of the next month adding such disclaimers to templates.  — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  19:12, 15 April 2016 (UTC)

Is there a variant that more explicitly says "sources conflict"?
The docs say that it's for this purpose, and I use it, but the word "dubious" doesn't really convey that. Is there a variant (or could one be created) which says "sources conflict"? Or similar wording that says that I'm not expressing subjective doubt, but actually have a "deciding which source to believe" problem.

In some cases it's worth describing conflicting reports, as the uncertainty will never be resolved ("what were X's dying words?"), but in others ("what is the height of Mt. Y?") there's clearly one correct answer. 71.41.210.146 (talk) 03:01, 3 December 2016 (UTC)

Template-protected edit request on 10 March 2017
Please add at the top of the Module:Unsubst invocation, then change Templates for discussion/Log/2017 March 10 to Templates for discussion/Log/2017 March 9, per a nomination by. P p p er y 12:22, 10 March 2017 (UTC)
 * ✅ -- John of Reading (talk) 13:17, 10 March 2017 (UTC)

Template-protected edit request on 13 March 2017
Please wrap the tfd notice in noinclude tags, so that it doesn't continue to disrupt the numerous articles that use this template. The relevant change I'm requesting is to substitute the first two lines of the template code with the following:

Thanks. – Uanfala (talk) 15:39, 13 March 2017 (UTC)

 * Yes check.svg Done Cabayi (talk) 15:45, 13 March 2017 (UTC)

Template-protected edit request on 21 March 2017
The original copy of the Sean J. Conlon page was edited to remove the claim that he was "a leading real estate entrepreneur" Burfordbw (talk) 14:08, 21 March 2017 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done: this is the talk page for discussing improvements to the template . If possible, please make your request at the talk page for the article concerned. If you cannot edit the article's talk page, you can instead make your request at Requests for page protection. — Train2104 (t • c) 14:24, 21 March 2017 (UTC)

pre-filled date
This should have the same pre-filled  as template:citation needed. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.167.60.171 (talk) 01:45, 19 April 2017 (UTC)
 * Which doesn't have that. So I am not sure what you are referring to. Debresser (talk) 04:00, 19 April 2017 (UTC)
 * With, you can omit the date and a bot will later fill it in. But, provided that you subst it, as in , the bot will not need to visit since it will be saved as if you had used which is to say . I suspect that 71.167.60.171 is asking for a similar feature here, i.e. when you use , without a date, it will be the same as when you use . This feature is already present. -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 09:51, 19 April 2017 (UTC)

dubious inline
Greetings!

As we know, the Disputed inline template "is a more strongly worded version of , which indicates a potential dispute, most often a question about reliable sourcing for the statement/fact at issue".

Therefore, at the moment we do have all the templates for and it's variants. But could we have a template for a milder formation,, as well? Cheers! Jayaguru-Shishya (talk) 21:55, 16 March 2019 (UTC)
 * Now that I have turned your </nowiki>-enclosed template name into an actual link, you will see that we already have it; it is a redirect to and has been for a few years. -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 09:51, 17 March 2019 (UTC)

 * Thanks, Red rose64. Indeed, the  already is an inline tag. Sorry for the inconvenience, must have a short circuit in my head :-) Cheers! Jayaguru-Shishya (talk) 16:21, 19 March 2019 (UTC)

Reason parameter display in a tooltip
Why doesn’t Template:Dubious display the reason parameter in a tooltip as Template:Vague does? I’ll have to use <ref group="Dubious"> instead to put my reason into a tooltip, but this has the baggage of needing a reflist somewhere.

Jim Craigie (talk) 20:55, 16 August 2020 (UTC)
 * As noted in the documentation, reason is not a parameter of this template, but you may use it to add an invisible, short explanation of the issue. It will only be visible in the coding (e.g. when editing the page). This is the case with most cleanup templates: the few that do display something are exceptions. -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 10:43, 17 August 2020 (UTC)
 * My point is that Template:Dubious would be more useful if displayed the reason parameter in a tooltip. If you want to keep Template:Dubious less useful than it could be then I’ll replace my usage of it with my less elegant solution.
 * Jim Craigie (If talk) 02:30, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * The idea of reason is that it provides a short explanation for those editing the source or viewing a diff. If you need to be verbose, the relevant talk page should be used. -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 14:24, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * I want to give a succinct reason easily seen by anyone reading the page, not just to those very few that edit, look at diffs or at the talk page. Hiding the reason is, to quote Douglas Adams, putting it on display in the bottom of a locked filing cabinet stuck in a disused lavatory with a sign on the door saying “Beware of the Leopard.”

 * Jim Craigie (talk) 23:25, 18 August 2020 (UTC)
 * I agree with here. Displaying the reason is a useful feature of several inline templates and that functionality should be added to this template. TompaDompa (talk) 16:01, 16 September 2020 (UTC)

 * – I have discovered Template:Hover title can be used to display the reason, and added this tip to Template:Dubious/doc Jim Craigie (talk) 10:35, 22 September 2020 (UTC)

The added text is unclear. Do you use reason or do you wrap the entire Dubious in the Hover title? Shmuel (Seymour J.) Metz Username:Chatul (talk) 13:35, 23 April 2021 (UTC)

 * I don't know— is the one who added it—but I think it's the latter. This seems like a workaround that really shouldn't be necessary, however. I'm turning this into a proper edit request. Seems like there are several of us who want this feature. TompaDompa (talk) 13:50, 23 April 2021 (UTC)
 * usage has been clarified in the documentation.  P.I. Ellsworth   ed.  put'r there 19:28, 23 April 2021 (UTC)
 * That is an improvement, but I don't think it fully addresses the ask here. Seems like what people really want (and I'll include myself among them) is to have a reason parameter as a built-in feature of this template, rather than having to resort to using an additional template. Also I think it would be clearer if the hover text attached to the cleanup tag rather than the article text. Whether to highlight a portion of the text associated with the tag is sort of an orthogonal concern, which is handled by Dubious span. Colin M (talk) 19:48, 23 April 2021 (UTC)
 * Actually, turns out this was rather straightforward. I've made the change in the sandbox. Testcases here. Flipping edit request back to unanswered. If the change is merged, I'll be happy to go ahead and also update the documentation. Colin M (talk) 20:06, 23 April 2021 (UTC)
 * Yes check.svg Done – Jonesey95 (talk) 00:43, 24 April 2021 (UTC)

Linking to Archived talk sections
The current form of the template does not allow linking to archived sections of the talk page, as it assumes a non-archived talk section is linked to.--Ser be etre shi (talk) 15:52, 1 May 2021 (UTC)
 * Yes, because archives are not for ongoing discussions. -- Red rose64 🌹 (talk) 18:50, 1 May 2021 (UTC)

Parameter for talk page link
I've only recently become more active on Wikipedia, but I can't be the only person who has trouble remembering which templates use talk for linking to the talk page and which use an unnamed parameter. I frequently use the wrong one then have to correct it, especially with this template. Is there any reason not to let it accept both? Something like   at the appropriate point would do it, I think. (Assuming I've understood the syntax correctly.) NB I've not tested that. Musiconeologist (talk) 00:43, 12 September 2021 (UTC)

Template-protected edit request on 8 April 2022
Change “[dubious – discuss]” to “[dubious? – discuss]". 2603:7080:DA3C:7A33:F4FF:3B44:570:60A8 (talk) 20:56, 8 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done for now: please establish a consensus for this alteration before using the template. DonIago (talk) 21:03, 8 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Added discussion. 2603:7080:DA3C:7A33:F4FF:3B44:570:60A8 (talk) 03:53, 9 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Your thoughts? 2603:7080:DA3C:7A33:F4FF:3B44:570:60A8 (talk) 12:06, 9 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Red information icon with gradient background.svg Not done for now: please establish a consensus for this alteration before using the template. Please do not reopen a request until consensus exists for the edit. ScottishFinnishRadish (talk) 12:00, 9 April 2022 (UTC)
 * Your thoughts? 2603:7080:DA3C:7A33:F4FF:3B44:570:60A8 (talk) 12:06, 9 April 2022 (UTC)

Should we change [dubious – discuss] to [dubious? – discuss]
is meant to be suggestive rather than objective. Also to be consistent with and  on Wikiquote has a question mark. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2603:7080:DA3C:7A33:F4FF:3B44:570:60A8 (talk) 02:55, 9 April 2022 (UTC)

"Discuss"
Why does the "discuss" function of this template even exist? Literally every single time I've encountered it, it's just slapped on in a drive-by tagging and the talk page is completely bereft of any discussion. Can anyone show any proof to the contrary? Ten Pound Hammer • (What did I screw up now?) 18:51, 23 April 2022 (UTC)
 * I can't speak for others, but I've certainly used discuss in, e.g., Paging. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Chatul (talk • contribs) 02:50, 24 April 2022 (UTC)
 * I can't speak for others, but I've certainly used discuss in, e.g., Paging. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Chatul (talk • contribs) 02:50, 24 April 2022 (UTC)

 * I also use the template with the discuss parameter on the rare occasions it comes up but I totally agree that it's not common by most users. As far as I'm concerned, this template is a bit of a disaster, both in its implementation and its defined usage, which probably arose as a convoluted mess of history and/or group think. The problem starts with the very idea that the template is only supposed to be used to tagged a source as dubious. Why? The name of the template itself will cause people to use it otherwise because it's not specific enough. A tag template named "dubious" should probably tag content as dubious as that's the most obvious interpretation to most people. If we wish to tag a source as dubious, that's a different concept and should have a separate tag, and there happens to be one called dubious source, which is a redirect to Better source needed which is a very close concept. As currently documented, a case could be made that "dubious" and "Better source needed" should be merged!
 * The usage problem is further compounded by discuss being a required argument of "dubious". As your observation (and mine) suggests, people tend not to use it this way, probably because it takes too much work. The discuss parameter should clearly be optional, not required. So rather than a red link for "discuss" appearing if the parameter is not used, the "discuss" link should only appear if it is used. I feel very strongly about this.
 * Here are how things I think should be done ideally:
 * The stated purpose of this template should be changed to mark dubious content and the documentation should be changed to match. The discuss parameter should become optional and only appear if set.
 * To mark a source as dubious, dubious source should be recommended. And that template should be beefed-up to also have a optional discuss parameter.
 * Since the function of both templates would effectively be the same, we'd just ignore any current mismatch in usage. I'm sure there's tons of mis-match in usage now. What's important to my mind is that the usage is intuitive, unambiguous, and future-proof. It'd take a bit of thought to see if these changes could be made immediately or if a bot would have to assist with translation but this seem doable in any case. Jason Quinn (talk) 11:12, 16 July 2023 (UTC)
 * How do you propose this be fixed? This template is fundamentally flawed, and every time I bring it up, discussion just fizzles out. Not once have I seen anyone actually use the "discuss" function. Ten Pound Hammer • (What did I screw up now?) 20:19, 15 July 2024 (UTC)

BUG in template? -- first parameter (talk page section name) not working.
I just added a dubious tag at Paca and added a discussion section at Talk:Paca as intended. I tried to use, {Dubious|1=Biomass}, and {Dubious|discuss=Biomass} but all three syntax formats resulted only in a link to Talk:Paca with no section qualifier. 47.176.71.114 (talk) 19:25, 4 January 2023 (UTC)
 * Hmm. This is working for me - when I click on the "discuss" part of the "[dubious - discuss]" message, I am taken to Talk:Paca. I've tried this in desktop Firefox, logged in and logged out, and on mobile Firefox, logged out. What device and browser are you using? -- John of Reading (talk) 07:43, 5 January 2023 (UTC)

 * I confirm what is perhaps a related issue: in Kilowatt-hour as it was just now, there is "within the standard." . When I click on the displayed "discuss" in [dubious – discuss] I am taken to the top of the Talk page, which could be considered correct, though not helpful. However, when I hover the mouse over "discuss", an unrelated section of the Talk page is displayed (it happens to be the first section, but there is nothing to indicate this), which is very confusing. Jumping to the top of the Talk page could be considered correct (I disagree), but displaying to a section (which happens to be the first section) is not. Windows 10/64, up-to-date as of now, Firefox/32 111.0 (current), Wikipedia set up to pop up info on hovering mouse over template. Best wishes, Pol098 (talk) 17:58, 18 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Template talk:Dubious


text: Category:Soft redirects

title: Category:Soft redirects


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Envisioneering

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. JeremyA 04:46, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Envisioneering
Nonsense; advertising. --Tysto 02:43, 2005 Jun 3 (UTC)

 * Delete, neologism. Google results are mostly a company by the same name, and horrible feel-good marketing websites. --bainer (talk) 03:01, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Deletioneer this nonsense. —tregoweth 09:39, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete and imagineer a Wikipedia without it. (Ad.) Geogre 15:09, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Poor english, no wikification... bullgarbagination! 216.158.31.195 17:14, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
Talk:Armed Forces of Ecuador

False information
An incredible amount of information in this article is false, particulary that about Ecuadorian-Peruvian relations. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 64.121.54.56 (talk) 21:51, 8 October 2007 (UTC)

Agree. False information in relation to conflicts with Peru. Please revise information as it might mislead uninformed people that come to this site as a source of unbiased information. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Kalex19 (talk • contribs) 02:27, 24 March 2008 (UTC)

the military history of ecuador is ridiculous just read "THE EVIL PERUVIAN ARMY DECIDED TO STEAL AMAZONIAN TERRITORY BLAH BLAH BLAH"

lol!!!! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 200.54.195.90 (talk) 16:29, 28 March 2008 (UTC)

Numbers and statistics
The exact numbers and statistics of Ecuadorian troops and quantity of their equipment is difficult to access, since this type of information is kept rather "secret" by the Ecuadorian government itself. Various "official" and "unofficial" sources provide often different information.

Therefore I decided to go with the more "realistic" numbers. Example: It is rather easy to access information about how many "Gazelle" helicopters were purchased by the army in the past, but rather difficult to get up-to-date news about their current numbers. In this case I would focus on information providing smaller numbers, considering that Ecuador has not purchased any further "Gazelle" helicopters and that since them some crashed (or got lost). Another important issue is that Ecuadors military budget is not very big and one can only imagine that not all aircrafts, etc. are fully functional.

This approach will be used also to other statistics mentioned example, troop numbers etc. One has to keep a "down to earth" approach if sources vary. Any opinion? Thanks Ulan76 (talk) 21:06, 24 March 2009 (UTC)

Numbers and statistics
Whilst adding numbers and statistics or altering, please provide up-to-date references and do not destroy the page presentation! thank you. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ulan76 (talk • contribs) 07:32, 9 April 2009 (UTC)

Corrections
Greetings, I'll made several corrections in the history section of this article, because was full of myths and lies about the conflicts between Peru an Ecuador, and its also needed an article about the Ecuadorian Navy. --Cloudaoc (talk) 06:30, 12 July 2009 (UTC)

FALSE CORRECTIONS
Hi Cloudaoc, I checked out your "corrections" and must say: What was wrong initially? Inserting words like "full hated" and stating that the previos text consisted of "lies" doesn't state YOUR neutrality. On the other hand the amount of planes lost by peru during the last conflict was correct, why did you cancel it? Since you've changed the article I better hope that you can provide decent sources instead of getting involved in political brush ups.... —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ulan76 (talk • contribs) 22:20, 5 August 2009 (UTC)

 * I'll beg you pardon? I'll never used words like "full hated", perhaps i'll missed to remove that ones but they aren't mine. About the lies, that's the correct word, the Ecuadorian Air Force never achieve air superiority (that`s one example of "lies"), and funny, you ask me for sources, but the original article shows no one, i'm only showing the facts as they are, and if you wan't to accuse me of vandalism or lack of neutrality, you must do it better than this. Greetings. --Cloudaoc (talk) 15:55, 6 August 2009 (UTC)

cleanup tag (Feb 2010)
The articles has many issues with it so I'm not going to list them all here (most are obvious): There is a quite a bit more, so if you have any questions, feel free to ask me on my talk page. Griffinofwales (talk) 19:13, 17 February 2010 (UTC)
 * Refs should be formatted correctly using cite web or similar templates
 * The article needs to be rephrased (it is clear that a non-native English speaker wrote it)
 * The POV needs to be removed

Hi, I'm the non-native English speaker, sorry :-) theres nothing I could do about that. What is a POV? Thanks Ulan76 (talk) 22:05, 1 May 2010 (UTC)

POV removed ;-) Ulan76 (talk) 21:02, 6 May 2010 (UTC)

Possible sources for article (moved from external links section)

 * CIA factbook about Ecuador's Armed Forces
 * Study on the most recent Colombo-Ecuadorian border conflict PDF
 * Ecuador, Landmine Monitor Report 2008
 * A Comparative Atlas of Defence in Latin America, 2008 Edition on Ecuador
 * 2008 up-to-date Orbat about Ecuador's aircraft within the FAE, AEE and ANE
 * Ecuador orders 30 Leopard 1 V Tanks from Chile
 * Ecuador upgrades its submarines in Chile
 * Ecuador acquires seven Hal Dhruv helicopters
 * Ecuador acquires seven Hal Dhruv helicopters
 * Ecuador orders 24 Super Tucano Light Combat aircraft
 * Ecuador orders 24 Super Tucano Light Combat aircraft
 * Ecuador orders six Israeli UAVs
 * Ecuador's intention of buying Israeli UAVs and upgrading some of its Kfir fighters to C10 standard
 * Ecuador acquires Chinese Radar System for the northern border with Colombia
 * Ecuador's Military Budget going up by 25% in 2008
 * New high-speed Patrol Boats for the Ecuadorian Coast Guards
 * Ecuador's new command structure as well as current relationships with its neighbor Colombia
 * TIME Magazine Colombian insurgency in Ecuador
 * Report of the Cenepa Conflict
 * The Army Aviation Wing
 * FAE, AEE and ANE
 * TIME Magazine South America's most troubled border
 * Jane's Ecuadorian Navy Report
 * A Comparative Atlas of Defence in Latin America 2008, produced by Canada's Department of National Defence
 * Superior Military School ELOY ALFARO
 * Official site of ESMA: Superior School of Military Aviation COSME RENNELLA B
 * Superior Naval School COMMADANTE RAFEl MORAN VALVERDE
 * United Nations Training Centre "Ecuador"
 * Argentinian strategy page with up-to-date news about the Ecuadorean Armed Forces
 * Ecuador upgrades its naval capabilities with two used frigates and new patrol vessels
 * Ecuador upgrades its naval capabilities with two used frigates and new patrol vessels
 * Ecuador upgrades its military hardware
 * Restructure of the Ecuadorian Armed Forces in 2009

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110719133950/https://www.venezuela.org.ec/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=263&Itemid=74 to http://www.venezuela.org.ec/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=263&Itemid=74
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090904153156/http://www.politicaexterna.com/archives/4432 to http://www.politicaexterna.com/archives/4432
 * Added tag to http://www.eltelegrafo.com.ec/policiales/noticia/archive/policiales/2009/06/11/Seis-aviones-no-tripulados--ingresan-a-filas-navales--.aspx
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title: Talk:Armed Forces of Ecuador


text:
Broadside (magazine)

Broadside magazine was a small mimeographed publication founded in 1962 by Agnes "Sis" Cunningham and her husband, Gordon Friesen. Hugely influential in the folk-revival, it was often controversial. Issues of what is folk music, what is folk rock, and who is folk were roundly discussed and debated. At the same time, Broadside nurtured and promoted important singers of the era.

The mimeograph machine used to produce the magazine had been discarded by the American Labor Party. The mixture of hand-drawn musical notation, typewriter text, and the occasional hand-drawn illustration or photocopied news story anticipated a look that would be more common in zines 20 years later.

By the end of the 1970s, Broadside had essentially ceased publication.

Many of the songs recorded for Broadside over its lifetime were released in 2000 as The Best of Broadside as a 5-CD boxed set. The many Broadside albums originally released by Folkways are now available through Smithsonian Folkways here: https://folkways.si.edu/search?query=broadside

The Broadside archives, including all the reel-to-reel tapes of music (many of which have been digitized) are housed at the University of Carolina (see External links below). Also, a complete archive of all the magazines can be found here: https://singout.org/broadside/

Books
During the 1960s, Broadside put out three folio-sized trade paperback songbooks, Broadside Volume 1 (Oak Publications, 1964), Broadside Volume 2 (Oak, 1968, ISBN 0-8256-0112-6), and Broadside Volume III (Oak, 1970, ISBN 0-8256-0060-X). Each contained slightly under 100 songs, photo-reproduced from the original magazine. The first volume had a sewn binding, although the latter two used the glued binding more common for trade paperbacks.

Each volume featured a foreword, the first by Cunningham, the second by Friesen, and the third by Irwin Silber.

Contributors to Broadside magazine
As Irwin Silber wrote in his foreword to Broadside Volume III, "A whole generation of song-writers, some of whom have become household names in the America of the 1960s, made their first appearances in Broadside…" Among those whose careers began there, Silber listed Tom Paxton, Phil Ochs (a major Broadside contributor; see also Sings for Broadside (Folkways, 1976) and The Broadside Tapes 1 (Folkways, circa 1980), Buffy Sainte-Marie, Janis Ian (originally under her real name, Janis Fink), and Arlo Guthrie.

Other, more established songwriters also contributed to Broadside, some of them (in Silber's words again) with "songs which commercial publishers didn't know what to do with…" Among these, Silber lists Pete Seeger, Nina Simone, Billy Edd Wheeler, and Malvina Reynolds.

Broadside generally eschewed rock music, including rock songs with political and social themes. One notable exception was the magazine's publication of the Black Sabbath song "War Pigs".

Cunningham herself published a number of songs in Broadside. Other contributors to Broadside included:
 * Eric Andersen
 * Len Chandler, Jr.
 * Bob Dylan
 * Larry Estridge
 * Richard Fariña
 * Tuli Kupferberg
 * Peter La Farge
 * Julius Lester
 * Ewan MacColl
 * Matt McGinn
 * Bernice Reagon
 * Patrick Sky (also known as Patrick Skye)
 * Mark Spoelstra
 * Peter Stampfel
 * Gil Turner
 * Vanessa Redgrave

1980s revival
The magazine was revived, around 1982, by Norman Ross of Clearwater Publishing (a microfiche publication and distribution company) as a part of the upswing in folk and political music of the times.

In his parody song, "Vaguely Reminiscent of the Sixties", Charlie King captured the era of singer/songwriter and social movements that had helped to bring about many social changes. Music was a firm part of these movements and was frequently included in meetings, protests, seminars, teach-ins and other activities.

Broadside in the 1980s, edited by Jeff Ritter, a musician and graduate student at the time, covered multiple movements and songwriters including Arlo Guthrie, Billy Bragg, Michelle Shocked, Charlie King, Holly Near and more. The revival of the Newport Folk Festival coincided with this era and many singer-songwriters who began at this time continued their involvement with the music industry.

The August, 1985, issue #165, guest edited by Charles Ipcar, focused on housing and other neighborhood organizing songs. Songwriters included Langston Huges, Charlie Ipcar & Maxine Parshall, Dale Cohen & Hugh McGuinness, Bob Norman, Mark Charles & Sheila Ritter, Peter Berryman, Elyse Crystall, Sandee Swantek, Martha Koester, Paul Emery, Tony Heriza, Judith Levine & Laura Liben, Mike Rawson, Bev Grant, and Luci Murphy.

Publication ended in the late 1980s.

2007 revival
As of 2007, Broadside Magazine is being revived online at broadsidemagazine.com. New articles are being featured by contributing writers and past editors, and all previous issues of the magazine are available for free download in PDF format.

title: Broadside (magazine)


text:
Julienne Mavoungou Makaya

Julienne Mavoungou Makaya is a politician from the Republic of Congo. She is a member of the African Union's Economic, Social and Cultural Council representing Central Africa.

title: Julienne Mavoungou Makaya


text: User talk:70.179.10.131

title: User talk:70.179.10.131