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Alloxan

Alloxan, sometimes referred to as alloxan hydrate, is an organic compound with the formula OC(N(H)CO)2C(OH)2. It is classified as a derivative of pyrimidine. The anhydrous derivative OC(N(H)CO)2CO is also known, as well as a dimeric derivative. These are some of the earliest known organic compounds. They exhibit a variety of biological activities.

History and literature
The compound was discovered by Justus von Liebig and Friedrich Wöhler. It is one of the oldest named organic compounds. It was originally prepared in 1818 by Luigi Valentino Brugnatelli (1761-1818) and was named in 1838 by Wöhler and Liebig. The name "Alloxan" emerged from an amalgamation of the words "allantoin" and "Oxalsäure" (oxalic acid). The alloxan model of diabetes was first described in rabbits by Dunn, Sheehan and McLetchie in 1943. The name is derived from allantoin, a product of uric acid excreted by the fetus into the allantois, and oxaluric acid derived from oxalic acid and urea, found in urine.

Alloxan was used in the production of the purple dye murexide, discovered by Carl Wilhelm Scheele in 1776. Murexide is the product of the complex in-situ multistep reaction of alloxantin and gaseous ammonia. Murexide results from the condensation of the unisolated intermediate uramil with alloxan, liberated during the course of the reaction.

 * [[Image:Murexide dye.png|thumb|left|527px|Murexide dye (right) from reaction of alloxantin (left)]]

Scheele sourced uric acid from human calculi (such as kidney stones) and called the compound lithic acid. William Prout investigated the compound in 1818 and he used boa constrictor excrement with up to 90% ammonium acid urate.

In the chapter "Nitrogen" of his memoir The Periodic Table, Primo Levi tells of his futile attempt to make alloxan for a cosmetics manufacturer who has read that it can cause permanent reddening of the lips. Levi considers the droppings of pythons as a source for uric acid for making alloxan, but he is turned down by the director of the Turin zoo because the zoo already has lucrative contracts with pharmaceutical companies, so he is obliged to use chickens as his source of uric acid. The synthesis fails, however, "and the alloxan and its resonant name remained a resonant name."

Synthesis
It was originally obtained by oxidation of uric acid by nitric acid. It is prepared by oxidation of barbituric acid by chromium trioxide.

A dimeric derivative alloxantin can be prepared by partial reduction of alloxan with hydrogen sulfide.

 * [[Image:Alloxane chemistry.png|thumb|left|400px|Alloxane (left) with dialuric acid (center) and alloxantin (right)]]

Biological effects
Alloxan is a toxic glucose analogue, which selectively destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas (that is, beta cells) when administered to rodents and many other animal species. This causes an insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (called "alloxan diabetes") in these animals, with characteristics similar to type 1 diabetes in humans. Alloxan is selectively toxic to insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells because it preferentially accumulates in beta cells through uptake via the GLUT2 glucose transporter. Alloxan, in the presence of intracellular thiols, generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in a cyclic reaction with its reduction product, dialuric acid. The beta cell toxic action of alloxan is initiated by free radicals formed in this redox reaction. Studies suggests that alloxan does not cause diabetes in humans. Others found a significant difference in alloxan plasma levels in children with and without diabetes Type 1.

Impact upon beta cells
Because it selectively kills the insulin-producing beta-cells found in the pancreas, alloxan is used to induce diabetes in laboratory animals. This occurs most likely because of selective uptake of the compound due to its structural similarity to glucose as well as the beta-cell's highly efficient uptake mechanism (GLUT2). In addition, alloxan has a high affinity to SH-containing cellular compounds and, as a result, reduces glutathione content. Furthermore, alloxan inhibits glucokinase, a SH-containing protein essential for insulin secretion induced by glucose.

Most studies have shown that alloxan is not toxic to the human beta-cell, even in very high doses, probably because of differing glucose uptake mechanisms in humans and rodents.

Alloxan is, however, toxic to the liver and the kidneys in high doses.

title: Alloxan


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Feuillet

Feuillet may refer to:

 * Feuillet, Panama
 * Catherine Feuillet (born 1965), French geneticist
 * Louis Éconches Feuillée (sometimes spelled Feuillet) (1660–1732), French explorer, astronomer, geographer, and botanist
 * Octave Feuillet (1821–1890), French novelist and dramatist
 * Raoul Auger Feuillet (c. 1653 – c. 1709), French dance notator, publisher, and choreographer who described Beauchamp–Feuillet notation
 * Rémi Feuillet (born 1992), Mauritian judoka
 * Tomás Martín Feuillet (1832-1862), Panamanian poet

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Feuillet


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Talk:Digital intermediate

The article discusses some general elements about digital intermediate, but does not say anything about aspect ratios. While in the past changing the aspect ratio consumed a lot of time and money in the laboratory, digital intermediate is a replacement of which the process is a lot easier and a cheaper. I think it would be very useful if the process of changing the aspect ratio with digital intermediate would be thoroughly explained throughout the article. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Koen534 (talk • contribs) 15:54, 28 July 2013 (UTC)

Untitled
This article needs some technical explanations. What's all that stuff about 2K and 4K resolution? ··gracefool |☺ 11:55, 11 January 2006 (UTC)

External link?
I've broken the external links into a "service provider" and "equipment provider" list. Neither this is anywhere near complete, should we just remove all these links?--Onejaguar 00:32, 8 December 2005 (UTC)

Surrealroad (talk) 21:23, 18 June 2008 (UTC)
 * do we really need either list?

Anon editor added the following external link, http://www.digitalintermediates.com. Other recently added links from this IP have been borderline spam, or at least a low quality links. Could someone more knowledgable about digital intermediates please investigate. Blank Verse  ∅  13:57, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Milestone films
I believe the independet film Urbania (2000) was a 16mm->35mm DI that was done right before O' Brother.. at Cinesite, but I didn't want to mention it as a landmark becuase I believe other independet feature-length projects were done before this, most likely in Europe. Anyone know? --Onejaguar 00:37, 8 December 2005 (UTC)

Propose adding band of brothers as this was the first production to utilize the full film frame and provide a full resolution non-linear previewing facility. Episode 2 was also printed to 35mm film. Surrealroad (talk) 21:23, 18 June 2008 (UTC)

Star Wars Episode I: The Phantom Menace was shot in 35mm (as said in the DVD commentary), but scanned to add digital visual effects (the light sabers were rotoscoped for the last time). Saemikneu (talk) 00:18, 3 December 2009 (UTC)

Digital Intermediate as an alternative to traditional photochemical color timing
I don't think DI should be discussed in relation to color timing, not telecine. That's what digital intermediate is... instead of doing a photochemical intermediate, you can work on the images in the digital domain. Telecine: Film --> video DI: Film --> Data --> (various stages of) Film ... or Film --> Video --> (various stages of) Film Traditional color timing: Film --> (various stages of) Film

There are two significant advantages to DI (and IMO it bears pointing out):

A- Creative advantages. DI allows digital manipulation of the image, allowing the colorist to establish a distinct 'look' to alter the mood and feel of the film. It is the visual counterpart to the musical scoring a film. B- Technical advantages. DI can replace two photochemical generations of a film with a digital generation. (My knowledge here is sketchy.)

Minor advantages: A- Greater latitude in color correction allows for greater inconsistencies in the captured image, since this can be corrected through digital color correction. This allows productions to shoot longer days. B- Photochemical alternations like bleach bypass can be emulated via DI and undone, should the creatives change their minds.

The main disadvantage to DI is cost. However, this cost is reduced when there are a large number of VFX shots (since those shots have to be scanned anyways).

Color Management
In traditional color timing, there was much guesswork involved in predicting the color of the final release print. Devices like the Hazeltine color analyzer would provide an aid to the colorist, but the entire process was still mostly trial and error. Talented color timers would have a greater intuition for color and be more accurate in predicting the results of their adjustments.

In DI, this problem is solved by implementing a color management system, similar to how ICC-compatible color management systems is used for print work. DI solutions typically use 3D LUT solutions (i.e. Truelight) instead of ICC.

James Bond info not notable
Here is what I removed. Glennchan 06:43, 24 November 2006 (UTC)

 * 2006 - All 20 of the official James Bond movies are released on DVD as Ultimate Editions, both individually and all together in 'monster box' boxset form. As can be seen in the documentary on the Dr. No Ultimate Edition bonus disc, Lowry restored all the films by digitally scanning the original reels through 4K scanners, then, having restored the images with their suite of proprietary tools and adjusting the colour, the soundtrack for each film was also remastered in 5.1 (Dolby EX and DTS ES). The documentary also features a 'side-by-side' comparison of an original copy of Dr. No, with the restored version played alongside it, and the difference is immediately noticeable. The project took over two and a half years to complete, much longer than their 30-day project to restore the original Star Wars trilogy of movies for their boxset re-release. In one interview, John Lowry states that they required 'over 600 Apple computers with a combined storage capacity of 700 Terabytes', scanning over 42 miles of film at 4000x3000 pixels of resolution.

I don't get it
So, wait, what's the point of spending the money for the film and everything, and then scanning it on digital? Can't you just record the movie with an HD camera without all the hassle?

Surrealroad (talk) 21:23, 18 June 2008 (UTC)
 * yes, but the digital intermediate process was specifically intended to relate to film post-production.

Wikipedia is not a collection of links
| policy here Wikipedia is neither a mirror nor a repository of links, images, or media files. All content added to Wikipedia may have to be edited mercilessly to be included in the encyclopedia. By submitting any content, you agree to release it for free use under the GNU FDL. Wikipedia articles are not:

 * 1) Mere collections of external links or Internet directories. There is nothing wrong with adding one or more useful content-relevant links to an article; however, excessive lists can dwarf articles and detract from the purpose of Wikipedia. On articles about topics with many fansites, including a link to one major fansite may be appropriate, marking the link as such. See External links and When should I link externally for some guidelines.
 * 2) Mere collections of internal links, except for  disambiguation pages when an article title is ambiguous, and for  structured lists to assist with the organisation of articles.
 * 3) Mere collections of public domain or other source material such as entire books or source code, original historical documents, letters, laws, proclamations, and other source material that are only useful when presented with their original, un-modified wording. Complete copies of primary sources may go into Wikisource, but not on Wikipedia. There's nothing wrong with using public domain resources such as 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica to add content to an article. See also Don't include copies of primary sources and Wikisource's inclusion policy.
 * 4) Mere Collections of photographs or media files with no text to go with the articles. If you are interested in presenting a picture, please provide an encyclopedic context, or consider adding it to Wikimedia Commons. If a picture comes from a public domain source on a website, then consider adding it to Images with missing articles or Public domain image resources.

As such, I removed the service company listing. Which was sort of insidious advertising with little educational/encyclopedic value anyways. Glennchan 06:48, 24 November 2006 (UTC)

Description is misleading
The description for this topic places undue emphasis on the colour-correction part of the process, however this is not the case. A digital "intermediate" need not have any colour-correction at all, digital colour timing is a benefit of the process, perhaps even a motivating factor, but certainly not a requirement. Surrealroad (talk) 21:23, 18 June 2008 (UTC)

Definition
Should it say "basically raping an image that already looked pretty decent"? I think not, but then what do i know. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.170.75.137 (talk) 02:53, 11 March 2010 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Digital intermediate


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Iodine deficiency

Iodine deficiency is a lack of the trace element iodine, an essential nutrient in the diet. It may result in metabolic problems such as goiter, sometimes as an endemic goiter as well as congenital iodine deficiency syndrome due to untreated congenital hypothyroidism, which results in developmental delays and other health problems. Iodine deficiency is an important global health issue, especially for fertile and pregnant women. It is also a preventable cause of intellectual disability.

Iodine is an essential dietary mineral for neurodevelopment among children. The thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine contain iodine. In areas where there is little iodine in the diet, typically remote inland areas where no marine foods are eaten, iodine deficiency is common. It is also common in mountainous regions of the world where food is grown in iodine-poor soil.

Prevention includes adding small amounts of iodine to table salt, a product known as iodized salt. Iodine compounds have also been added to other foodstuffs, such as flour, water and milk, in areas of deficiency. Seafood is also a well known source of iodine.

In the U.S., the use of iodine has decreased over concerns of overdoses since mid-20th century, and the iodine antagonists bromine, perchlorate and fluoride have become more ubiquitous. In particular, around 1980 the practice of using potassium iodate as dough conditioner in bread and baked goods was gradually replaced by the use of other conditioning agents such as bromide.

Iodine deficiency resulting in goiter occurs in 187 million people globally (2.7% of the population). It resulted in 2700 deaths in 2013, up from 2100 deaths in 1990.

Goiter
A low amount of thyroxine (one of the two thyroid hormones) in the blood, due to lack of dietary iodine to make it, gives rise to high levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), which stimulates the thyroid gland to increase many biochemical processes; the cellular growth and proliferation can result in the characteristic swelling or hyperplasia of the thyroid gland, or goiter. In mild iodine deficiency, levels of triiodothyronine (T3) may be elevated in the presence of low levels of levothyroxine, as the body converts more of the levothyroxine to triiodothyronine as a compensation. Some such patients may have a goiter, without an elevated TSH. The introduction of iodized salt since the early 1900s has eliminated this condition in many affluent countries; however, in Australia, New Zealand, and several European countries, iodine deficiency is a significant public health problem. It is more common in developing countries. Public health initiatives to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease have resulted in lower discretionary salt use at the table. Additionally, there is a trend towards consuming more processed foods in western countries. The noniodized salt used in these foods means that people are less likely to obtain iodine from adding salt during cooking.

Goiter is said to be endemic when the prevalence in a population is > 5%, and in most cases goiter can be treated with iodine supplementation. If goiter is untreated for around five years, however, iodine supplementation or thyroxine treatment may not reduce the size of the thyroid gland because the thyroid is permanently damaged.

Congenital iodine deficiency syndrome
Congenital iodine deficiency syndrome, previously known as cretinism, is a condition associated with iodine deficiency and goiter, commonly characterised by mental deficiency, deafness, squint, disorders of stance and gait and stunted growth due to hypothyroidism. Paracelsus was the first to point out the relation between goitrous parents and their mentally disabled children.

As a result of restricted diet, isolation, intermarriage, etc., as well as low iodine content in their food, children often had peculiar stunted bodies and retarded mental faculties, a condition later known to be associated with thyroid hormone deficiency. Diderot, in his 1754 Encyclopédie, described these patients as "crétins". In French, the term "crétin des Alpes" also became current, since the condition was observed in remote valleys of the Alps in particular. The word cretin appeared in English in 1779.

While reporting recent progress towards overcoming iodine-deficiency disorders worldwide, The Lancet noted: "According to World Health Organization, in 2007, nearly 2 billion individuals had insufficient iodine intake, a third being of school age." A conclusion was made that the single most preventable cause of intellectual disability is that of iodine deficiency.

Fibrocystic breast changes
There is preliminary evidence that iodine deficiency enhances the sensitivity of breast tissue to estrogen. In rats treated with estradiol, iodine deficiency has been shown to lead to changes similar to benign breast changes that are reversible by increased iodine in the diet. In a few studies, iodine supplementation had beneficial effects (such as reducing the presence of breast cyst, fibrous tissue plaques and breast pain) in women with fibrocystic breast changes.

Protective effects of iodine on breast cancer have been postulated from epidemiologic evidence and described in animal models. In view of the antiproliferative properties of iodine in breast tissue, molecular iodine supplementation has been suggested as an adjuvant in breast cancer therapy.

Risk factors
Following is a list of potential risk factors that may lead to iodine deficiency:

 * 1) Low dietary iodine
 * 2) Selenium deficiency
 * 3) Pregnancy
 * 4) Exposure to radiation
 * 5) Increased intake/plasma levels of goitrogens, such as calcium
 * 6) Sex (higher occurrence in women)
 * 7) Smoking tobacco
 * 8) Alcohol (reduced prevalence in users)
 * 9) Oral contraceptives (reduced prevalence in users)
 * 10) Perchlorates
 * 11) Thiocyanates
 * 12) Age (for different types of iodine deficiency at different ages)

Pathophysiology
Iodine accounts for 65% of the molecular weight of T4 and 59% of T3. There is a total of 15–20 mg of iodine in the human body, primarily concentrated in thyroid tissue and hormones. Thirty percent of iodine is distributed in other tissues, including the mammary glands, eyes, gastric mucosa, choroid plexus, arterial walls, the cervix, and salivary glands. In the cells of these tissues, iodide enters directly by sodium-iodide symporter (NIS).

Diagnosis
The diagnostic workup of a suspected iodine deficiency includes signs and symptoms as well as possible risk factors mentioned above. A 24-hour urine iodine collection is a useful medical test, as approximately 90% of ingested iodine is excreted in the urine. For the standardized 24-hour test, a 50 mg iodine load is given first, and 90% of this load is expected to be recovered in the urine of the following 24 hours. Recovery of less than 90% is taken to mean high retention, that is, iodine deficiency. The recovery may, however, be well less than 90% during pregnancy, and an intake of goitrogens can alter the test results.

If a 24-hour urine collection is not practical, a random urine iodine-to-creatinine ratio can alternatively be used. However, the 24-hour test is found to be more reliable.

A general idea of whether a deficiency exists can be determined through a functional iodine test in the form of an iodine skin test. In this test, the skin is painted with an iodine solution: if the iodine patch disappears quickly, this is taken as a sign of iodine deficiency. However, no accepted norms exist on the expected time interval for the patch to disappear, and in persons with dark skin color the disappearance of the patch may be difficult to assess. If a urine test is taken shortly after, the results may be altered due to the iodine absorbed previously in a skin test.

Treatment
Iodine deficiency is treated by ingestion of iodine salts, such as found in food supplements. Mild cases may be treated by using iodized salt in daily food consumption, or drinking more milk, or eating egg yolks, and saltwater fish. For a salt and/or animal product restricted diet, sea vegetables (kelp, hijiki, dulse, nori (found in sushi)) may be incorporated regularly into a diet as a good source of iodine. In more remote settings, iodized oil may be used.

The recommended daily intake of iodine for non-pregnant adults is 150 μg for maintenance of normal thyroid function. In pregnant women, the amount increases to 220 μg; in breastfeeding women, the amount is 290 μg.

Prognosis
With iodine supplementation, goiters caused by iodine deficiency decrease in size in very young children and pregnant women. Generally, however, long-standing goiters caused by iodine deficiency respond with only small amounts of shrinkage after iodine supplementation, and patients are at risk for developing hyperthyroidism.

Being pregnant while iodine-deficient additionally carries the risk of causing congenital iodine deficiency syndrome in the newborn. This disease can only be managed by lifelong administration of thyroxine (T4).

Epidemiology

Iodine deficiency resulting in goiter occurs in 187 million people globally (2.7% of the population). Certain areas of the world, due to natural deficiency and unavailability of iodine, are severely affected by iodine deficiency, which affects approximately two billion people worldwide. It is particularly common in the Western Pacific, South-East Asia and Africa. Among other nations affected by iodine deficiency, China and Kazakhstan have begun taking action, while Russia has not. Successful campaigns for the adoption of the use of iodized salt require education of salt producers and sellers and a communication campaign directed at the public. The cost of adding iodine to salt is negligible—"Only a few cents a ton."

Iodine deficiency has largely been confined to the developing world for several generations, but reductions in salt consumption and changes in dairy processing practices eliminating the use of iodine-based disinfectants have led to increasing prevalence of the condition in Australia and New Zealand in recent years. A proposal to mandate the use of iodized salt in most commercial breadmaking was adopted in Australia in October 2009. In a study of the United Kingdom published in 2011, almost 70% of test subjects were found to be iodine deficient. The study's authors suggested an investigation regarding "evidence-based recommendations for iodine supplementation".

Micronutrient deficiencies, including iodine deficiency, impair the development of intelligence. Lacking iodine during human development causes a fall, in average, of 12 intelligence quotient (IQ) points in China. A study of U.S. military data collected during the First and Second World Wars found that the introduction of salt iodization in the U.S. in the 1920s resulted in an increase in IQ, by approximately one standard deviation, for the quarter of the U.S. population most deficient in iodine, explaining about "one decade's worth of the upward trend in IQ" in the U.S. (i.e., the Flynn effect). The same study documented "a large increase in thyroid-related deaths following the countrywide adoption of iodized salt, which affected mostly older individuals in localities with high prevalence of iodine deficiency" between 1910–1960.

In iodine-deficient or mildly iodine-deficient areas of Europe, iodine deficiency is frequent during pregnancy despite the widespread use of iodised salt, posing risks to the neurodevelopment of foetuses. In one study performed in a mildly iodine-deficient area, iodine deficiency was found to be present in more than half of breastfeeding women; in contrast, the majority of their newborns had iodine excess, mostly due to neonatal exposure to iodine-containing disinfectants. A 2014 meta-analysis found that iodine supplementation "improves some maternal thyroid indices and may benefit aspects of cognitive function in school-age children, even in marginally iodine-deficient areas".

Deficient populations
In areas where there is little iodine in the diet, typically remote inland areas and semi-arid equatorial climates where no marine foods are eaten, iodine deficiency gives rise to hypothyroidism, symptoms of which are extreme fatigue, goiter, mental slowing, depression, weight gain, and low basal body temperatures.

Iodine deficiency is the leading cause of preventable mental retardation, a result which occurs primarily when babies or small children are rendered hypothyroidic by a lack of the element. The addition of iodine to table salt has largely eliminated this problem in the wealthier nations, but as of March 2006, iodine deficiency remained a serious public health problem in the developing world.

Iodine deficiency is also a problem in certain areas of Europe. In Germany it has been estimated to cause a billion dollars in health care costs per year. A modelling analysis suggests universal iodine supplementation for pregnant women in England may save £199 (2013 UK pounds) to the health service per pregnant woman and save £4476 per pregnant woman in societal costs.

Iodine deficiency was previously a common disease in Norway, because the content of iodine in the drinking water was low. Before 1950 goiter was a widespread disease caused by iodine deficiency. Up to 80 per cent of the population were affected in inland areas. In the coastal communities, saltwater fish were an important part of the diet, and because of the presence of iodine in seawater, goiter was less common than in the inland districts. From the 1950s, Norwegians started adding iodine to dairy cow feed. Since milk was an essential part of the Norwegian diet, the incidence of goiter decreased in the population.

title: Iodine deficiency


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Talk:Final Cut Pro

Final Cut Pro X
There should probably be a new entry for Final Cut Pro X - it is an entirely new application. Aside from the name and that it's intended for video editing the applications have nothing in common. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 121.98.240.135 (talk) 08:56, 25 June 2011 (UTC)

 * While I think this may be necessary (and personally I agree that it is effectively a new application) we probably need to wait a while for the dust to settle. And we'd also need to decide how to direct the "Final Cut Pro" link.  Should it go to Final Cut Pro X, with a link to Final Cut Pro Studio? Or we could create a disambiguation page, that prompts the user to choose one or the other (seems extreme to me).  I'm also not sure how much weight we need to give to Apple, who seem to believe this is actually an upgrade, versus how much to the user community, many of whom believe it is a new piece of software, and that FCP Studio has, in essence, been discontinued.  Begeun (talk) 15:52, 27 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Upon further reflection, I think a new page is almost inevitable. When I consider sections like the one about major motion pictures to be edited with Final Cut Pro, these can hardly be associated with Final Cut Pro X. Even if FCPX does eventually reach mega-feature-film capacity, it will be drastically different than the release that edited the Lord of the Rings movies, for instance. While I want to maintain NPOV, I feel that the article in its current form frankly misrepresents the current status of FCP[X].  Perhaps there needs to be an article on the "History of Final Cut Pro" or "Evolution of Final Cut Pro," and the categories could be, for instance:

 * 1) Pre-FCP-Studio releases
 * 2) FCP-Studio releases
 * 3) FCPX and later
 * Personally, I am now editing about half my projects in Premiere (which I started using for the first time in my life after FCPX was released), and half in FCP Studio. After more reading around the 'net, it's pretty clear that the "old" FCP is gone. Let's write it... whoever has a few extra hours.... Begeun (talk) 03:48, 15 July 2011 (UTC)

Feature films list
Should the feature films edited be moved further down the page? OK, post Cold Mountain FCP can edit feature films, granted, but on that basis every Vogue cover should be in the Photoshop listing! Less gravitas, more info. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.20.114.57 (talk • contribs)

 * Agreed. I have moved the list to List of feature films edited with Final Cut Pro, linked it appropriately on the main FCP article, and reduced the list on the main article to a short paragraph. It conveys the fact that FCP is a serious film-editing program, without burdening the article with a long list. While I think that it would be quite appropriate for the list page to grow extensively, I would think that any films listed on the main page should either be big-budget or significant in their technical breakthroughs (like Sky Captain). --TangentIdea 02:11, 18 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Frankly, I think this list has no reason to be here. Can anyone prove all of these films were edited with Final Cut Pro?  There are no citations for any of them.  In fact, I visited Joel Cox in the cutting room while he was working on Letters from Iwo Jima, and he was most definitely using Avid to cut it.  To me, that makes almost all of these films suspect. --Guido del Confuso 11:35, 15 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I'm confident the list has every reason to be here, for the same reason a college entry might list notable alumnii. I believe it should remain.  It's not oppressively long, and it provides an illustrative progression from smaller, more indie films, to large studio product.  However, if there's indeed a mistake in it (like Letters from Iwo Jima -- as you attest and seem to be sure of) feel free to edit it out or contest that information with a citation. WikiTracker 00:08, 16 July 2007 (UTC)

 * I too believe the list is an important historical record which shows the pattern of adoption that took place from late 2001 to about 2006. However, we have come to the point where so much is being done with FCP within the professional sphere that continued additions to the list could overburden it and decrease its historic value.  Perhaps a closing date should be chosen for included films, and the section title should be changed to "Landmark Films Using Final Cut Pro" or "Early Films to Use Final Cut Pro" or "Films that pioneered the use of Final Cut Pro."  Just an idea... WikiTracker (talk) 19:08, 23 February 2009 (UTC)

 * As for proof, I just now added an entry to the list "Specied III" (after just watching the film), the proof was in the credits (I'm not sure how to cite it, someone else can if they care.) [I don't have a username.] —Preceding unsigned comment added by 118.138.199.54 (talk) 13:38, 20 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Whoops, typo, that should be "Species III". 118.138.199.54 (talk) 14:06, 20 December 2010 (UTC)
 * It would be great if there was a separation between films cut on FCPX and FCP 7. Zer0Nin3r (talk) 20:08, 8 July 2015 (UTC)

I notice that the Wiki article on Adobe Premier Pro also claims the honor of being the video editor used for producing The Social Network (with a reference to show that this was the case). Could this be clarified? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 123.243.198.14 (talk) 01:56, 28 November 2012 (UTC)

Documentry
Should we also include a list for documentrys? there are many docos done in finl cut there were more then just a simple cut between scenes, such as "The Secret" (Nickcirc 06:39, 17 April 2007 (UTC))

External link
Anon editor added the following external link, http://finalcutpro.digitalmedianet.com/. Other recently added links from this IP have been borderline spam, or at least a low quality links. Could someone more knowledgable about Final Cut Pro please investigate. Blank Verse  ∅  13:58, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Intel Macs???
Has FCP been re-written for the new Intel Macs? Will it run on them?...
 * Currently, no. It will not run on Intel Macs at all. The Universal Binary version is in development and should be released before the end of March. See . --Baryonic Being 22:33, 24 March 2006 (UTC)
 * If I had a dollar for every time that question was asked on the Final Cut boards on the Apple Support site, I would have enough saved up to buy the Universal Binary when it gets released... --TangentIdea 23:01, 24 March 2006 (UTC)
 * Final Cut Studio Universal is now available, and can be upgraded by users of FCP, or any of the other programs included in FC Studio. One is required to mail in a form and their original DVD-ROM discs along with payment. See David Fell

Adobe Stock Price & FCP
There's a line in this article that states that Adobe's stock price dropped on introduction of Final Cut Pro. In looking at historical financial data for the time I can't see this. I don't want to remove the passage immediately because I'm not overly familiar with the topic, but look at this information on the Yahoo Finance site linked to below and Adobe's stock really rose in the year 1999, not really seeing any major decrease due to FCP (or so it seems).

http://finance.yahoo.com/q/hp?s=ADBE&a=01&b=10&c=1999&d=08&e=10&f=1999&g=w

I'm going to leave it to someone familiar with the topic to do the actual edit, otherwise it may just be edited out again for inconsistency...

P toolan 15:30, 6 May 2006 (UTC)

The article states that Adobe Premiere's market share plummeted after the intro of FCP, not Adobe's stock price. Which is reasonably accurate, but probably overstating the case -- there was fairly rapid market attrition over the following 1-2 years after FCP was introduced, not an instant sales freeze on Premiere.

squeegee 15:30, 15 June 2006 (UTC)

FCP History and Avid?
The history section has no mention whatsoever of the fiercest rival of FCP, which was Avid. The whole section concentrates on Adobe Premiere as the "other side", which is only half of the story. Unfortunately, I am not that proficient with the details as to expand the section on this story, but anyone who remembers the "50,000$ editing system. Now 98% off" slogan on Apple's website when FCP was launched knows what I mean. At the time, Avid was the dominant offline editing system on the market, and was sold exclusively as a complete Apple-Avid system on macs. Part of Apple's move with FCP was to retaliate on Avid's decision to open their system to the Windows platform - hence the contemptuous slogan (A high-end Avid system would cost something around the 50k$)

Guycarmeli 16:29, 11 February 2007 (UTC)

 * When FCP was first launched it's primary competition was Premiere, Avid systems at that point were still Turn-key. People who owned stand-alone Macs and wanted to edit video primarily used Premiere. It wasn't until 2002, as I recall, that Apple started to aggressively position themselves as competition for Avid. And probably not until 2003-2004 that they really started to have an impact. It wasn't until Avid Xpress DV (in 2002 I believe) that Avid even offered a software-only NLE product.

 * It was in early 2002 that Apple did it's first worldwide print and web campaign to push FCP as a viable professional alternative to Avid. Film director Roger Avary was the spokesperson for that campaign, which was primarily targeted toward industry trade publications, like Daily Variety.  I would suggest that the impact was felt almost immediately, as Soderbergh was the next to use FCP, and after that Walter Murch.  Pretty big heavy hitters.  By early 2003 a number of Hollywood productions had the faith to adopt FCP 3.x and it was already eclipsing Avid in the commercial & music video production sphere. It's true Avid had (and still has) a heavy installed turn-key user base at post houses, but the low relative cost of a FCP system saw many FCP edit bays added alongside those Avid systems.  I remember post houses renting those rooms for less, and them always being booked because of it. WikiTracker (talk) 19:24, 23 February 2009 (UTC)

Avid NAB 2008
Mentioning that Avid announced it will have a small booth at NAB this year seems like an editorial comment, designed to give the impression that FCP is dominating the professional editing market and Avid is withering on the vine. FCP has made noteworthy gains, but it is still very much the exception rather than the rule. Suggest this sentence be removed. --75.178.92.119 (talk) 18:46, 3 January 2008 (UTC)

Inconsistency
The features section of this article claims that an unlimited number of video tracks can be simultaneously composited, yet the article Comparison of video editing software pegs the maximum for Final Cut Studio at 99 video tracks. Does anyone know which is correct? — Swpb talk contribs 15:14, 2 April 2007 (UTC)

The page seems to have been rewritten by users of other editing systems, and not by Final Cut Pro users. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 80.198.13.178 (talk • contribs)

So which is correct? — Swpb talk contribs 21:44, 2 April 2007 (UTC)

You can have 99 tracks in a sequence, however with nesting (putting a sequence in a sequence) you can have unlimited basically (basically 99 tracks with any of them being a sequence of 99 tracks with any of them being 99 tracks etc) 74.117.128.12 05:22, 28 May 2007 (UTC)

 * Worth mentioning that this is entirely dependent on the processing capabilities of the machine one is using. I am currently sitting with a Xeon 64 bit processor running FCP which is starting to choke on six video tracks.  I wouldn't mention it if it weren't so annoying.  Go AVID!  :) 41.133.62.97 (talk) 14:43, 27 October 2010 (UTC)

Should Apple be credited as the developer of this software (not only in the sidebar but in the opening narrative), when its history states that it was developed by Macromedia? (I was tempted to make this edit, but realize that different criteria might be used in each instance.) MIchael 02:10, 27 June 2007 (UTC)

Time Remapping
Could someone please elaborate what time remapping exactly means and where you would use it (and preferably how it works). I think a new article would be the best here. THANKS -- Michael Janich 09:49, 15 October 2007 (UTC)

Films Edited with FCP Section
This list is starting to get a bit too long, and will only get longer. I've been bold and cut out the films which are pretty minor or maybe aren't so fantastic: Reno 911, Balls of Fury, The Comebacks, We are the Strange, Night of the Living Dead 3D and Hoot. And I think it could be cut down further.

I've also changed the title of this section to 'Selected Films Edited on FCP'. Given that more and more major films are being edited on FCP, perhaps films should only appear on this list when they're major or otherwise notable releases. JMalky (talk) 09:57, 12 May 2008 (UTC)
 * I think it might be better to list some editors known to use this program as well. I noticed several of the films there are from the Coen brothers, which leads me to think that someone in their productions swears by Final Cut Pro.—Iggy Koopa (talk) 16:48, 20 March 2009 (UTC)

Do you think it is a good thing to only have "fantastic" releases on the list? I mean, I agree with the idea that "Balls of Fury" and "Reno 911" aren't exactly what I would consider a good movie, but I know many people who really enjoyed "Balls of Fury," etc. We should be careful about that. Obviously, the list is very long, but perhaps we should make a separate page for the list of movies edited in Final Cut Pro that way we can facilitate all movies and not get caught up into a battle over which films deserve to be on the list. Let me know what you think! --Fatedbreath (talk) 16:32, 16 October 2009 (UTC)

Screen-shot
Hey everyone, I just have some questions regarding the screen shot of Final Cut Pro. Right now, it's in the "interface" section. That makes a lot of sense, of course, but I think we need to have a screen-shot at the top of the page, in the info box on the right. Many other articles for software do the same thing. I don't know if we should have the image in both places, or if we should remove the one in the interface section. Also, regarding the image itself, it's a jpeg, and I think we can do better than jpeg! I have final cut on my computer, so I could take a screen shot and upload it as a PNG, but I wanted to know what all of you thought first. Thanks!! P.S. this could also apply to other screen-shots in the article. --Robo56 (talk) 21:50, 13 March 2009 (UTC)

Call for update of page - moved to talk page
This line was added by an IP - I have moved it to this talk page "Information Out of date, New Final Cut Studio has been released, final cut pro 7 is the newest version, pages needs update." Tschild (talk) 14:45, 23 July 2009 (UTC)

Tagging
This article has collected yet another of those bothersome tags, which I equate to vandalism. Look, you are free to edit this article and put your version of the truth up before the reading and watching public. I don't see the problem. It requires clean up? It reads like an advertisement? It reads like a manual? It needs additional sources of verification? But nobody comments here. What for example? It tells what the software does. What crosses the line in your opinion? I'm tempted to clean out all those unnecessary and distracting tags, but I'll leave this comment here for a while to see what these questions generates.

What I do see is a lot of influence about a single competitor--Avid. There are other competitors, why does Avid merit mention in the second paragraph while others don't. Why is the competitor at the top of the article? Why not put that, and the other competitors as a preface to the list of other Comparison of Video Editing Software?Trackinfo (talk) 23:28, 3 April 2010 (UTC)

I removed the advert tag. Whoever posted it did not say what is ad-like, and I don't see anything ad-like at all in there. The closest I could find is this bit from History: "Final Cut Pro benefited tremendously from the relative maturity and stability of QuickTime...". Look, it says QuickTime is relatively mature and stable. But that section wasn't very cleanly written so I just rewrote it to clean it up. Richcon (talk) 06:35, 29 April 2010 (UTC)

Market share
Here's a survey of market share: http://ace-filmeditors.org/2009-ace-equipment-survey/ I'd like this kind of information added. Maybe you know a better source? —Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.209.121.131 (talk) 11:21, 13 November 2010 (UTC)

 * New URL for this survey: http://ace-filmeditors.org/tech-blog/2009-ace-equipment-survey/ --Ah (talk) 07:59, 1 September 2011 (UTC)

Non encyclopedic informations deleted
I delete the price of the software because clearly commercial and non-encyclopedic informations. Hope all of you agree with me.--Cornelius383 (talk) 14:22, 4 September 2011 (UTC)

File names and file formats
The latest file extension isn't .fcpx, it's .fcpproject (Final Cut Pro X). It's no longer a binary file (well, not so much). It's structured around an SQLite3 database, with MOST data in blobs inside the entries. This should be updated (pref. by someone whose edit won't get rolled back automatically). (194.60.226.124 (talk) 06:58, 14 March 2012 (UTC))

Infobox
Quick question: This article is about the earlier versions of FCP, not FCPX, which has its own article, right? However, the logo and screenshot in the infobox are FCPX. Is there any reason for this, or should we have the screenshot of the final version of the old FCP, along with its logo? I don't have the old FCP, so I can't change it. drewmunn talk 10:06, 20 March 2013 (UTC)

FCP and FCPX
Per the above discussion, and as nobody has answered, I've decided to start an RfC to discuss this further. I have a couple of issues with the article currently, and they both stem from the opening disclaimer: "This article is about earlier versions of the Final Cut Pro editing software. For latest version, see Final Cut Pro X." So as to avoid RSI, I'll refer to Final Cut Pro as FCP and Final Cut Pro X as FCPX. As far as I can tell, this article seems to be fairly good at sticking to FCP, and leaving the newer stuff to FCPX's article, but these are a couple of discrepancies that I'd appreciate people would give their opinion on so we can move forward. Thanks! drewmunn talk 12:01, 31 July 2013 (UTC)
 * Firstly, as I mentioned above, if this article is about FCP rather than its successor FCPX, why is the FCPX logo and a screenshot of FCPX used to illustrate? I don't have FCP, so I can't update the screenshot myself, and I'd prefer consensus on such a change before altering the screenshot & logo.
 * Secondly, the latest release date listed is that of FCPX. If this article is, as claimed, about FCP, then shouldn't we list the last release of FCP?
 * Hi. RFC bot called me on this one. It seems to me the relation between Final Cut Pro and Final Cut Pro X articles is similar to the relationship of Microsoft Office and Microsoft Office 2013 (which is the latest version of Microsoft Office at the time). So, there is no surprise both are using the same shot.

 * Even if this article is about the classic version of Final Cut Pro, the hatnotes are not allowed. Hatnotes are used for disambiguation and these hatnotes are disclaimers. (See No disclaimers in articles.)

 * Best regards,
 * Codename Lisa (talk) 19:31, 2 August 2013 (UTC)

 * There is a clear difference between the old, classic version of Final Cut Pro, versions 1 through 7, with a long history which this article covers. Documented between these two articles, Apple made a major deviation from the original product when it introduced Final Cut Pro X.  It is so different, there are some who have questioned Apple using the same name.  Apple owns the name, so it is their right to do so, but as far as wikipedia is concerned, we do not need to follow their lead and expunge or blur the existence of the classic product, much as they seem to want to.  This is clearly not an update as compared to Microsoft Word (fill in the year to year).  It would be more comparable to Microsoft Word stopping being a text editing program and now moved character image fragments to create documents because text characters are so passe.  The hatnote, like anything that employs wikilinking, is just a form of aiding the readers to find the correct article about whichever version of the software they wish.  That means disambiguation.  I'm not sure where Lisa's confusion about it being a disclaimer comes from.  From what I can determine, the logo change occurred when someone uploaded the new logo and replaced it as the same name.   Again overzealous attempts to blur the two pieces of software, possibly before the immense distinction became apparent (though I documented many users noticed the difference within seconds of the announcement, that is not apparent to everybody, especially with Apple's marketing).  I'm not sure if this history documents that edit, because I cannot see the logo that was present before, the logo that would be appropriate for this article. Trackinfo (talk) 19:56, 2 August 2013 (UTC)
 * Hi. No, what you said is not disambiguation. Disambiguation applies only when ambiguity exists, e.g. when two products called Final Cut Pro exist. (Compare KMPlayer with KMPlayer.) And no, I am not confused.

 * That said, your sentence "as far as wikipedia is concerned, we do not need to follow their lead" is absolutely wrong. Per WP:NPOV, Wikipedia representing fairly, proportionately, and, as far as possible, without bias, all of the significant views that have been published by reliable sources on a topic. Apple's point of view on the lineage of its own intellectual property is what matters most and you are simply endorsing a biased point of view of your own because the changes between two version was a lot for you to grasp.

 * You are at liberty to write an article on versions of Final Cut Pro prior to X – or even convert this one to such article. But then, the article is titled "Final Cut classic" and will have no biased comments on how overwhelming you feel the differences are. Best regards, Codename Lisa (talk)
 * Uh, Lisa: " . . . because the changes between two version was a lot for you to grasp." is not only insulting, but reveals a bias you are wishing to impose upon this article by procuring the name.  This article has been about the Final Cut Pro product longer than you have been an editor on wikipedia.  When the new product Final Cut Pro X came out, with its radical deviation, a new article was created for that development.  This article remains about the classic version which surveys show is still quite active and popular among professional media.  Its separate value would be notable even without its continued value, but as a contemporary product in the eyes of the marketplace, it deserves equal and separate recognition on wikipedia.  The difference were made clear at the very top of the article until you decided to remove the informational hatnotes.  If there is a problem here, it is of your own biased making. Trackinfo (talk) 02:20, 3 August 2013 (UTC)
 * Hi. No offense intended, Trackinfo. Still, edit history reveals that this article has not been about the Final Cut Pro classic product longer than I have been an editor on Wikipedia. In fact, throughout all its history, it had been a mixed article both about Final Cut Pro as a family and about Final Cut Pro classic but had never made it clear of one of the two perspectives. Still, all that you explained are your own point of view; I need to see a source for them to believe them.

 * Last but not least, "informational" hatnotes are not allowed in Wikipedia. Hatnotes are for disambiguation only. Best regards, Codename Lisa (talk) 12:41, 3 August 2013 (UTC)

 * The differences between FCP and FCPX are more akin to Microsoft re-using the term Surface for two separate products than the differences between Word versions; although the two uses are both video editing software, one is professional video composition and editing, the other a prosumer non-linear system. The background tech is different, and the FCPX core is incompatible with the aims of FCP. I think 2 separate pages are necessary, but I'm unsure if the current setup is the most productive. Things are confunded by the issues that caused me to start this RfC... drewmunn talk 21:21, 2 August 2013 (UTC)

 * That is correct, drew. You always had a knack for good observation. So, let's say they are as different as Windows NT 4.0 and Windows XP. But I digress. I do not mind seeing a sets of articles called "FCP classic" and "FCPX". Neither do I mind seeing a sets of articles called "FCP family" and "FCPX". But I'm not seeing either. What I am seeing is two set of articles called "FCPX" and "FCP-but-no-idea-about-classic-or-family". Best regards, Codename Lisa (talk) 12:41, 3 August 2013 (UTC)

 * So, here is my recommendation: Start a section below titled: "RFC: Should this article be about FCP classic or FCP as a family". (Move the RFC tag there.) Then add two subsections called "Survey" and "Discussion". See if you can ask a non-involved person in WikiProject Mac to curate the discussion. Best regards, Codename Lisa (talk) 12:44, 3 August 2013 (UTC)

 * I got here through the RFC bot, I don't have an opinion one way or another about FCP/FCPX, and most of what I know about it I gleaned from the two articles on Wikipedia. Having said that, here's the way I see it:
 * "Final Cut Pro" is a brand under which several video editing products have been released. The latest of those products differs drastically from the previous line, but nevertheless it is both a video editing product and it also bears the name. As such, it would be logical for us to have an article that covers the "Final Cut Pro" brand and explains the history of the product, perhaps even mentioning the differences between X and earlier versions in the lede, as it seems like a relevant thing someone unfamiliar with the product at all might want to know (and not even from a POV-y "they ruined our favorite software" perspective, but from a "the software was rewritten from scratch and that's significant" perspective). See the Adobe Photoshop for a good example of something like this.
 * Beyond that, we may be better served by having, as suggested above, a Final Cut Pro classic as well as a FCPX article, which would cover the specific features and history of each line of software in more detail. We certainly don't want to have a hatnote directing people looking for "Final Cut Pro" to "Final Cut Pro X", as that would only end up being confusing with no additional explanation as to why such a distinction is made between the two.  — daranz [ t ] 11:34, 14 August 2013 (UTC)

 * From the feedback so far, it seems the way that people think we should progress relies on three articles: Final Cut Pro (for the family), Final Cut Pro X (for FCPX), and Final Cut Pro (classic) (for pre-FCPX). If you look at the Final cut disambiguation, you'll see the articles that already exist for items in the Final Cut family in general, so I'd personally prefer to see the "family" page, entitled Final Cut, and have sections in that article for FC Express, FC Studio, FC Server, FCP and FCPX. If I had a little more time, I'd mock something up in my sandbox, but for now, I'll leave it to you to imagine. What do you think of that as a way forward? If we as a small group consider it viable, I'll take it forward as a separate RfC and invite everyone from all of the FC articles. drewmunn talk 11:54, 14 August 2013 (UTC)
 * Comment I get here via RFC. I don't know the products, so I cannot easily add anything useful. It seems to me that the main lines of thinking have already been discussed fairly validly, and the previous two comments by Daranz & Drewmunn seem very reasonable. Based on such material some accommodation should be practical IMO. 12.199.84.146 (talk) 02:18, 17 August 2013 (UTC)
 * Hi. Non-registered users can also get RFC notices? Didn't know that; although I still cannot work out how. Best regards, Codename Lisa (talk) 13:08, 17 August 2013 (UTC)
 * I assumed they got here through reading a list of RfCs or via an account, but didn't remain logged in. I'm not sure of any other way that would allow it... drewmunn talk 14:06, 17 August 2013 (UTC)

Incorrect information
"The most recent version, Final Cut Pro X 10.2, runs on Intel-based Mac OS computers powered by OS X version 10.9 or later."

This is wrong. FCPX 10.2 only runs on OS X 10.10.2 or later. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 190.105.155.234 (talk) 19:27, 6 July 2015 (UTC)

External links modified
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Requested move 4 January 2023

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: Withdrawn by proposer; after reading more about Final Cut's history over the past few days, I now believe a merge is the best course of action. DFlhb (talk) 16:11, 6 January 2023 (UTC)

– (tl;dr: instead of having one article about both versions, and one article about the new version, why not just give each version its own article, and rely on hatnotes to navigate between the two?)
 * Final Cut Pro → Final Cut Pro (classic)
 * Final Cut Pro X → Final Cut Pro

The old split (see discussions above) made no sense. First, FCPX is now just called FCP (no X), so the article names are now confusing. Second, the scope is poorly thought-out. If I want to add material about FCPX, I currently need to add it in two places, and keep both articles in sync; that's pointless and redundant. Third, most of this article is about FCP pre-X, despite the misleading infobox and lead. The Interface section was written in 2006/2010, before FCPX existed. We could fix this with a 3-way split, as previously proposed, but then this main article would just be a short stub with two summary sections, which would be pointless.

My proposal is to remove all the stuff about FCPX from this article, and move it to "Final Cut Pro (classic)". It gives the historically-significant old version its own article, which can be expanded at-will without causing confusion with the new version. It would allow us to restore all the deleted images (see invisible comments in the article markup). The "FCP (classic)" article would be summarized in the new version's article, in the history section, and both articles would fit together far better, with a clear, non-redundant scope. BTW, if you oppose the "(classic)" name, feel free to propose an alternative. DFlhb (talk) 23:24, 4 January 2023 (UTC)

The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

About merge from Final Cut Pro X
See the relevant talk page discussion: Talk:Final_Cut_Pro_X

I merged Final Cut Pro X to Final Cut Pro, for the reasons given in the discussion linked right above. I did the merge boldly for two reasons:
 * First, because the related articles and talk pages receive minimal activity (beyond minor fixes);
 * Second, because it was worth seeing what such a merge would look like in practice, as opposed to discussing it in the abstract. This article contained a lot of cruft; the Interface section was solely about FCP7, not both products, and read like a user manual. Same with the File Format section. That left very little encyclopedic material except the History section, which made a merge seem natural.

Here is the merge diff, deliberately done in one edit so that it could be easily reverted. Note, that diff also contained a comprehensive copy edit of the History section (including merged content), assisted by GPT-3 but manually reviewed at length. If anyone reverts the merge, feel free to keep the copy edits. DFlhb (talk) 14:26, 7 January 2023 (UTC)

Merging Talk Pages
Talk:Final Cut Pro X and Talk:Final Cut Pro pages. Doremon764 (talk) 00:23, 26 January 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Final Cut Pro


text:
Philip of Poitou

Philip of Poitou (sometimes Philip of Poitiers; died 22 April 1208) was Bishop of Durham from 1197 to 1208, and prior to this Archdeacon of Canterbury.

Early life
Philip's origins and early life are unknown, although it is believed he may have had a university education. The first records of him are in 1191, when he was accompanying Richard I on the Third Crusade, in documents relating to Richard's marriage on Cyprus. Philip was with Richard's party when the king was captured in Germany. He was appointed Archdeacon of Canterbury prior to March 1194 by Richard I, having previously been a royal clerk. An attempt was made to appoint him as Dean of York, but political factors prevented this.

Bishop
Philip was appointed as Bishop of Durham in November 1195. He was formally elected by the chapter in January 1196. The pope confirmed the election on 13 April 1196 and he was ordained a priest on 15 June 1196. On 20 April 1197 he was finally consecrated as bishop, by the pope in Rome. Prior to his consecration, he obtained a licence to operate a mint in Durham, and installed his nephew Aimeric (or Aimery) as the Archdeacon of both Durham and Carlisle.

Philip, along with Wiliam de Rupierre, Bishop of Lisieux, went to Rome in the early part of 1197 to argue before Pope Celestine III about contested lands in France. It was in the course of this successful negotiation that the pope consecrated him as bishop. In 1198 Philip was sent to Germany to attend the election of a successor to Emperor Henry VI.

Philip was present at the coronation of King John in 1199, and attempted to protest the fact that the coronation took place without the Archbishop of York. After the coronation he was employed by John on diplomacy with Scotland. In 1201 he went on pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela. After his return, he was involved in the resolution of the dower rights of Richard's queen, Berengaria of Navarre, but afterwards was not at the king's court for almost three years.

In 1207, Philip quarrelled with King John over the right of John to tax tenants of the Church. Philip denied that John had such a right, but, along with Archbishop Geoffrey of York, had his lands confiscated. Both Geoffrey and Philip went to the court of the king, and begged to be forgiven. Philip had to pay a fine for forgiveness.

As bishop, Philip quarreled with the monks of his church over the right of the bishop to name clergy to serve churches. At one point, the monks were besieged in the cathedral, and the prior of the monks was excommunicated. Some sources blame the bishop's nephew Aimeric for fanning the flames of the quarrel, but Philip also violently disputed the monks' side. Eventually a settlement was reached.

Death and legacy
Philip died on 22 April 1208. It is said the monks refused him a Christian burial, his body ending up in an obscure grave with no religious ceremony. However, his gravestone is recorded in the chapter-house.

title: Philip of Poitou


text: User talk:203.200.217.180

title: User talk:203.200.217.180


text:
Talk:Jack Greenberg

Untitled
I did basically a nice single-'graph stub followed by an ugly 3-'graph dump job. The obvious fix is to move the 3 'graphs to this page and wait, but hopefully someone with a little more background can supplement the materials i've provided & make a better article than i could. --Jerzy·t 14:02, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)

A colleague has done a nice job of making prose out of the materials i dumped, but i've moved the Brown v. material:
 * == Brown v. Board of Education ==

 * Greenberg argued on behalf of the NAACP the famous Brown v. Board of Education in 1954. This historic case lead to the U.S. Supreme Court decision which outlawed racial segregation in U.S. public schools in 1955.

 * Greenberg, along with Louis Redding, argued Gebhart v. Belton (Court citation:33 Del. Ch. 144), one of the four cases that were combined into Brown v. Board of Education. Gebhart was originally filed in Delaware and was originally litigated under a strategy formulated by Robert L. Carter of the NAACP. Greenberg had assisted Carter at the original hearing of Brown.

(BTW, i unlk-ed the hdg, here, in conformity w/ WP style for articles.)

It may contain the start of a good section on Greenberg's contrib, but at this point it is just a redundant reorg of the Gebhart v. Belton article (which IMO should stay independent & be expanded w/ non-Greenberg-specific material) & IMO more of a barrier to drawing forth a Greenberg-centered mention of NAACP-sponsored litigation. --Jerzy·t 12:57, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Text removed 22 December 2005
The following text was added to the article by an anonymous user (IP: 68.36.86.137) on October 29, 2005. It was added below the stubs and categories and presented some formatting problems, but because it wasn't NPOV and goes a little overboard on his family history, I decided to remove it from the article and place it here. –Abe Dashiell (t/c) 16:33, 22 December 2005 (UTC)

(BLP violating text removed). Bearian (talk) 04:09, 10 February 2010 (UTC)

Film
There has been a film announced regarding Jack's life, possibly starring Topher Grace & Terrence Howard (http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0418277/) I'm new to wikipedia and not clear on editing; once I'm up to date I'll have a crack at this article if noone else has already. Afrodiziak 02:59, 11 August 2006 (UTC)

 * Yes, it's Topher Grace ... Topher Grace. Not Tobey Maguire.  I don't know who it is who keeps inserting Tobey Maguire into this, but I've reverted it.  Check IMDB, whoever you are.  It's not Tobey Maguire in the film.  It's Topher Grace. Yeshuamyking7 (talk) 20:09, 23 July 2008 (UTC)

ORIGINALLY IT WAS TO BE TOPHER GRACE. LATER IT WAS SWITCHED TO TOBEY MAGUIRE. IN ANY CASE, THE FILM HAS NOT YET BEEN MADE, AND MAY NEVER BE. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 95.23.243.61 (talk) 16:10, 17 November 2016 (UTC)

Copyright problem removed
Prior content in this article duplicated one or more previously published sources. The material was copied from: http://www.uiowa.edu/~ilr/issues/ILR_94-5_Delgado.pdf. Copied or closely paraphrased material has been rewritten or removed and must not be restored, unless it is duly released under a compatible license. (For more information, please see "using copyrighted works from others" if you are not the copyright holder of this material, or "donating copyrighted materials" if you are.) For legal reasons, we cannot accept copyrighted text or images borrowed from other web sites or published material; such additions will be deleted. Contributors may use copyrighted publications as a source of information, but not as a source of sentences or phrases. Accordingly, the material may be rewritten, but only if it does not infringe on the copyright of the original or plagiarize from that source. Please see our guideline on non-free text for how to properly implement limited quotations of copyrighted text. Wikipedia takes copyright violations very seriously, and persistent violators will be blocked from editing. While we appreciate contributions, we must require all contributors to understand and comply with these policies. Thank you. Diannaa (talk) 00:07, 17 March 2014 (UTC)

death
He died this morning, October 12. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 95.21.96.93 (talk) 17:13, 12 October 2016 (UTC)

Requested move 30 December 2016

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: moved as proposed. No need for a disambiguation page. Hatnotes placed on both pages. Brad v  06:00, 7 January 2017 (UTC)

Jack Greenberg (lawyer) → Jack Greenberg – There is no need for a dab with two entries--just add a hatnote for the other person (Jack M. Greenberg) —Justin ( koavf ) ❤T☮C☺M☯ 08:14, 30 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Neutral just created redirect Jack Greenberg (McDonalds), seems he was known without the M. too. Although between the 2 of them |Jack_M._Greenberg the lawyer is seen 22x daily rather than 2x, so satisfies the first half of the golden calf. but in the world of Books not sure it's so different, nor that removing (lawyer) helps find the lawyer. In ictu oculi (talk) 09:33, 30 December 2016 (UTC)
 * Support per WP:TWODABS, especially since he was much more than just a lawyer. Station1 (talk) 21:55, 5 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Support. WP:PRIMARYTOPIC in a WP:TWODABS situation; just link the other in a hat note.--Cúchullain t/ c 22:05, 5 January 2017 (UTC)

 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

There's a new book about Jack Greenberg:

William Cole, "A Jack Greenberg Lexicon", New York: Twelve Tables Press, 2017.

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 4 external links on Jack Greenberg. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20090205110913/http://www.abanet.org/irr/hr/fall97/greenbrg.html to http://www.abanet.org/irr/hr/fall97/greenbrg.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110727000544/http://www.ndsmcobserver.com/2.2754/nd-will-award-13-honorary-degrees-at-commencement-1.269146 to http://www.ndsmcobserver.com/2.2754/nd-will-award-13-honorary-degrees-at-commencement-1.269146
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20030728112028/http://www.law.columbia.edu/null?&layout=profpopup&main.ctrl=contactmgr.detail&main.view=profiles.detail&global.id=5553 to http://www.law.columbia.edu/null?&layout=profpopup&main.ctrl=contactmgr.detail&main.view=profiles.detail&global.id=5553
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20100327103743/http://www.fordhamlawandculture.org/biography/jack-greenberg to http://www.fordhamlawandculture.org/biography/jack-greenberg

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Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 23:19, 26 November 2017 (UTC)

fixes i can't make because article is protected
1. The box on the top right says "Scientific career", looks like a template mistake of some sort.

2. Article is semiprotected because he's a "living person" but he's dead.
 * I have changed from a scientist infobox to a person infobox. I don't know why a "living person" protection was done; he was already dead when the protection was applied. It looks like the protecting admin was .— Diannaa (talk) 00:10, 3 July 2021 (UTC)
 * Diannaa - It looks like the page protection I applied was simply re-instating the previous protection that was already applied after I performed a page move. Other than that, I'm not sure why it would be a BLP protection...  ~Oshwah~  (talk) (contribs)   00:37, 3 July 2021 (UTC)
 * I am going to try removing it. It's already on my watch-list, so I will monitor and see what happens.— Diannaa (talk) 11:31, 3 July 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Jack Greenberg


text:
Mehrabad International Airport

Mehrabad International Airport (, Foroudgâh-e Beyn Almelali-ye Mehrâbâd) is an airport serving Tehran, the capital city of Iran. Prior to the construction of the larger Imam Khomeini International Airport in 2007, Mehrabad was Tehran's primary airport for both international and domestic traffic, but now serves only domestic flights. Despite this, in 2016, Mehrabad Airport was the busiest airport in Iran in terms of passengers, handling 16,678,351 passengers in total. The airport is also used by the Government of Iran and is one of the bases of the Iranian Air Force.

History

The airport was used for the first time as an airfield for aviation club planes in 1938. During World War II it became a stopover point for the U.S. Air Transport Command.

After the war, along with becoming internationally recognized by joining the Iranian civil aviation organization to the ICAO in 1949, the airport also became an air force base.

In 1955 just after the construction of the first asphalt-paved runway, a new terminal building (current Terminal 1) for both international and domestic flights was designed and constructed. In April 1956 Lockheed T-33 Shooting Stars (T-33As) trainer aircraft began arriving for the Imperial Iranian Air Force. In May 1957 these were followed by Republic F-84 Thunderjet (F-84Gs) fighter. In 1961, Mehrabad Airport added a side building (current Terminal 2) used for arrival flights.

In May 1975, Iran Air started flying to New York via London with a Boeing 707. The airline launched direct service to New York using Boeing 747SPs the following June. The construction of a new airport commenced 35 km from Tehran in 1977. The city was growing around Mehrabad, and the airfield was witnessing high amounts of traffic. Between 1970 and 1976, passenger counts had risen from 900,000 to 3,020,000. On 24 January 1979, the military took control of Mehrabad and other airports in the country in an attempt to prevent Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini's return from exile in Paris. It ultimately relented and permitted his arrival at Mehrabad aboard a chartered Air France plane eight days later. At the beginning of the Iran–Iraq War in September 1980, Iraq carried out an air strike on the airport. In the 1980s, Mehrabad's route network spanned from Paris to Beijing.

By 2000, the airport was serving nine million passengers annually, in addition to military flights. Due to the congestion, airlines advised travellers to arrive at Mehrabad three hours prior to departure. The new airport, now called Imam Khomeini International Airport, opened in 2004. However, political factors delayed the transfer of all international flights to the new facility. Iran Air commenced service to Caracas via Damascus in March 2007. All international flights had moved to Imam Khomeini Airport by November 2007.

In June 2020, Mehrabad Airport announced a new terminal to replace Terminals 4 and 6. The new terminal is to have 20 gates (10 with jetbridges) and a new CIP Terminal. It is not known when construction will start.

Operations
Mehrabad Airport only handles domestic flights. Between March 2022 and March 2023, the airport received 12.3 million passengers.

Facilities
Mehrabad International Airport consists of 4 terminals:

 * Terminals 1 and 2 handle departures and arrivals for ATA Airlines, Iran Air, Iran Airtour, Kish Air, Meraj Airlines, Qeshm Air, and Zagros Airlines.
 * Terminals 4 and 6 handle departures and arrivals for Caspian Airlines, Iran Aseman Airlines, Mahan Air, Varesh Airlines, and all the other airlines.

Formerly, Mehrabad had a Terminal 3 that was used for Hajj Flights, which were transferred to Imam Khomeini. Later it was used for Cargo flights which were also transferred to Imam Khomeini.

Other facilities
The airport is home to the head offices of Iran Air and the Iran Civil Aviation Organization. In addition the Iranian Airports Company also has its head office at Mehrabad Airport, nearby Terminal 2.

Accidents and incidents

 * On 15 March 1974 a Sterling Airways Sud Aviation Caravelle suffered a landing gear failure. As the aircraft was taxiing, the right main landing gear failed, causing the right wing to collapse and catch fire. Fifteen passengers were killed in the accident.
 * On 5 December 1974 a roof collapsed, killing 17 and injuring dozens more.
 * On 21 January 1980 Iran Air Flight 291 crashed into the Alborz mountains on approach to Mehrabad, killing all 128 people on board.
 * On 8 February 1993 a mid-air collision occurred between Iran Air Tours Tupolev Tu-154M and IRIAF Sukhoi Su-24, killing all 133 people on board both aircraft involved.
 * On 20 April 2005,, a Boeing 707-3J9C, had an accident while landing in Mehrabad airport. After touchdown on runway 29L problems with the undercarriage (failure of landing gear or a burst tire) caused the Boeing 707 to slide off the runway into the Kan River. Three passengers were killed after they fell in the river during the evacuation.
 * Fire had been spotted at the airplane's main cabin.
 * On 6 December 2005 an Iranian Air Force Lockheed C-130 Hercules crashed in Tehran shortly after taking off from the airport.
 * On 2 January 2008, an Iran Air Fokker 100 (EP-IDB) plane carrying 100 passengers skidded off the runway after part of its wing caught fire when attempting to take off on a domestic flight to Shiraz Airport. The landing gear disintegrated and the ensuing fire partially consumed the wings. No one was injured in the accident, which happened around 07:30 IRST amid heavy snowfall at the airport.
 * On 10 August 2014 Sepahan Airlines Flight 5915, an HESA IrAn-140, crashed shortly after takeoff from Mehrabad International Airport. The aircraft experienced engine malfunction and attempted a return to the airport 4 minutes after takeoff, but was unable to maintain altitude and crashed into a residential area. 39 people were killed and 9 were injured.
 * On 15 October 2015 a Mahan Air Boeing 747 en route to Bandar Abbas in southern Iran lost pieces of an engine after take-off, returning for a successful emergency landing. None of the 300 people on board were injured.
 * On 19 March 2019 a Fokker 100 (registration: EP-IDG) had an emergency landing with its main landing gear not extended. Nobody was injured in the accident.

Access
The airport is served by two stations of the Tehran Metro. One is for Terminals 1 and 2, and the other is for Terminals 4 and 6.

title: Mehrabad International Airport


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title: User:DoorFrame