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Blockbusting

Blockbusting is a business practice in the United States in which real estate agents and building developers convinced residents in a particular area to sell their property at below-market prices. This was achieved by fearmongering the homeowners, telling them that racial minorities would soon be moving into their neighborhoods. The blockbusters would then sell those same houses at inflated prices to black families seeking upward mobility. Blockbusting became prominent after post-World War II bans on explicitly segregationist real estate practices. By the 1980s it had mostly disappeared in the United States after changes to the law and real estate market.

Background
From 1900 to 1970, around 6 million African Americans from the rural Southern United States moved to industrial and urban cities in the Northern and Western United States during the Great Migration in an effort to avoid the Jim Crow laws, violence, bigotry, and limited opportunities of the South. Resettlement to these cities peaked during World War I and World War II as slowing immigration from Europe created a labor shortage in northern and western cities. To fill war industries and shipyards, these cities recruited tens of thousands of blacks and whites including those from the South. Resistance to this loss of cheap labor in the South meant that northern recruiters had to act in secret or face fines or imprisonment. Southern authorities tried to prevent black flight by arresting migrants at railroad stations and arresting them on the grounds of vagrancy. Racial and class antagonisms heightened across the urban United States as a result of this influx of black residents, and in part owing to the overcrowding of cities. The Great Migration highlighted racial divisions of the North that black Americans so desperately tried to flee from in the South: police killings of unarmed African American men and inequalities and biases in employment, housing, health care, and education. As black soldiers returned home in the aftermath of World War I and World War II, they struggled to find adequate housing and jobs in the cities that they had left. They were confined to the most decrepit and oldest housing stock in the least desirable yet most densely populated areas. The areas that non-whites were allowed to live in were substandard. This was in part because of the overcrowding, which was exacerbated by the Great Migration. Often, several families were crowded into one unit. Because non-whites were confined to these small areas of the city, landlords were able to exploit their residents by charging high rents and ignoring repairs. In addition to being refused equal access to the housing market, blacks were relegated to the lowest-paying, more dangerous jobs as well as being barred from joining many unions. Some companies would only hire these returning veterans and other black workers as strikebreakers, widening the divide between black and white workers further.

Housing in the United States had been segregated for a long time historically, this was not a new idea or reality. In an attempt to continue the path of racial segregation in housing, white homeowners in many U.S. cities regarded blacks as a social and economic threat to their neighborhoods and to maintaining racial homogeneity. Groups of black people would have to join forces and combine income to buy a residency, in turn when they sold their house, it would become cheaper and other black groups could then afford housing. Redlining also made it difficult to afford housing in good areas, which had a direct link to poor education. If blacks moved into a neighborhood, home values in that neighborhood would decrease as a result of federal and local policies. Since white homeowners took great pride in their homes and often viewed them as their life investment, they deeply feared that allowing one black family to move into their neighborhood would ruin their investments. To prevent their neighborhoods from becoming racially mixed, many cities kept their neighborhoods segregated with local zoning laws. Such laws required people of non-white ethnic groups to reside in geographically defined areas of the town or city, preventing them from moving to areas inhabited by whites. Restrictive covenants were also introduced in response to the influx of black migrants during the Great Migration and constituted clauses written into deeds that prohibited African Americans from buying, leasing, or living in white neighborhoods.

This belief in the need to maintain neighborhood homogeneity, was a present theme in both racist attitudes and legislation. In 1934, the National Housing Act was signed into law by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, establishing the Federal Housing Administration (FHA). The FHA was commissioned by the Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) to look at 239 cities and create "residential security maps" to indicate the level of security for real-estate investments in each surveyed city. These maps marked neighborhoods by quality from 'A' to 'D', with 'A' representing the higher-income neighborhoods and 'D' representing the lower-income neighborhoods. Neighborhoods with some black population were given a 'D' rating and residents of those areas were refused loans. This practice, called redlining, gave whites an economic incentive to keep blacks out of their communities.

In 1917, in the case of Buchanan v. Warley, the Supreme Court of the United States voided the racial residency statutes that forbade blacks from living in white neighborhoods. The court ruled that the statutes violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. However, whites found a loophole in this case by using racially restrictive covenants in deeds, and real estate businesses informally applied them to prevent the sale of houses to black Americans in white neighborhoods. To thwart the Supreme Court's Buchanan v. Warley prohibition of such legal business racism, state courts interpreted the covenants as a contract between private persons, outside the scope of the Fourteenth Amendment. However, in the Shelley v. Kraemer case in 1948, the Supreme Court ruled that the amendment's Equal Protection Clause outlawed the states' legal enforcement of racially restrictive covenants in state courts. In this event, decades of segregation practices were annulled, which had compelled blacks to live in overcrowded and over-priced ghettos. Freed by the Supreme Court from the legal restrictions, it became possible for non-whites to buy homes that had previously been reserved for white residents.

Generally, "blockbusting" denotes the real estate and building development business practices which both profit and are fueled by anti-black racism. Real estate companies used deceitful tactics to make white homeowners think that their neighborhoods were being "invaded" by non-white residents, which in turn would encourage them to quickly sell their houses at below-market prices. The companies then sold that property to blacks who were desperate to escape inner-city ghettos at higher-than-market prices.

Owing to redlining, African-Americans usually did not qualify for mortgages from banks and savings and loan associations. Instead, they resorted to land installment contracts at above market rates to buy a house. Land installment contracts were historically predatory agreements in which buyers made payments directly to sellers over a period of time in order to obtain the legal title to the home only when the full purchase price had been paid. The harsh terms of these contracts and inflated prices often led to foreclosure, so these houses had a high turnover rate. With blockbusting, real estate companies legally profited from the arbitrage, the difference between the discounted price paid to frightened white sellers and the artificially high price paid by black buyers whose houses were often foreclosed on as a result of these unfair contracts. They also profited from the commissions resulting from increased real estate sales and their higher-than-market financing of house sales to blacks.

Methods
The term blockbusting might have originated in Chicago, Illinois, where real estate companies and building developers used agents provocateurs. These were non-white people hired to deceive the white residents of a neighborhood into believing that black people were moving into their neighborhood. The houses that became vacant in that way enabled accelerated immigration of economically successful racial minority residents to better neighborhoods beyond the ghettos. The white residents were encouraged to quickly sell, at a loss, and emigrate to more racially homogeneous suburbs. Blockbusting was most prevalent on the West Side and South Side of Chicago, and also was heavily practiced in Bedford–Stuyvesant, Brooklyn, New York City; in the West Oak Lane and Germantown neighborhoods of Northwest Philadelphia; and on the East Side of Cleveland.

The tactics included:

 * hiring black women to be seen pushing baby carriages in white neighborhoods to encourage white fear of devalued property
 * hiring black men to drive through white neighborhoods with their radios blasting
 * hiring black youth to stage street brawls in front of white homes to generate feelings of an unsafe atmosphere
 * selling a house to a black family in a middle-class white neighborhood to provoke white flight, before the community's property values decline considerably
 * saturating the neighborhood area with fliers offering quick cash for houses
 * developers buying houses and buildings, leaving them unoccupied to make the neighborhood appear abandoned – like a ghetto or a slum

Such practices can be described as psychological manipulation that usually frightened the remaining white residents into selling their homes at a loss. After utilizing one of the tactics above, real estate agents would place their cards in the mailboxes of frightened white residents, offering to buy their houses immediately at a discounted price. These agents aimed to convince white property owners that their home values would decline, owing to the influx of new minorities onto their blocks. After these white homeowners hurriedly sold their homes, middle-class African Americans were then offered admittance into white neighborhoods that had previously been denied to them at artificially inflated prices. Given the lack of housing options available to black buyers, many had no choice but to pay these exorbitant costs.

Blockbusting was very common and profitable. For example, by 1962, when blockbusting had been a common practice for some fifteen years, the city of Chicago had more than 100 real estate companies that had been, on average, "changing" two to three blocks a week.

Reactions
In 1962, "blockbusting" – real estate profiteering – was nationally exposed by The Saturday Evening Post with the article "Confessions of a Block-Buster," which explained how realtors gained profit by frightening white Americans to sell at a loss, in order to quickly resettle to racially segregated "better neighborhoods." In response to political pressure from sellers and buyers, states and cities legally restricted door-to-door real estate solicitation, the posting of "FOR SALE" signs, and authorized government licensing agencies to investigate the blockbusting complaints of buyers and sellers in order to revoke the real estate sales licenses of blockbusters. Likewise, other states' legislation allowed lawsuits against real estate companies and brokers who cheated buyers and sellers with fraudulent representations of declining property values, changing racial and ethnic neighborhood populations, increasing crime rates, and the "worsening" of schools, as results of racial mixing.

The Fair Housing Act of 1968 established federal causes of action against blockbusting, including illegal real estate broker claims that non-white people had or were going to move into a neighborhood, and so devalue the properties. The Office of Fair Housing and Equal Opportunity was charged with the task of administering and enforcing this law. In the case of Jones v. Alfred H. Mayer Co. (1968), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the Thirteenth Amendment authorized the federal government's prohibiting of racial discrimination in private housing markets. It thereby allowed black American legal claims to rescind the usurious land contracts (featuring over-priced houses and higher-than-market mortgage interest rates), as a discriminatory real estate business practice illegal under the Civil Rights Act of 1866, thus greatly reducing the profitability of blockbusting. Nevertheless, these regulatory and statutory remedies against blockbusting were challenged in court. As a result, it was decided that towns cannot prohibit an owner from placing a "FOR SALE" sign before their house, even if prohibiting this practice reduces blockbusting. In the case of Linmark Associates, Inc. v. Willingboro (1977), the Supreme Court ruled that such prohibitions infringed on the freedom of expression. Moreover, by the 1980s, as evidence of blockbusting practices disappeared, states and cities began rescinding statutes restricting blockbusting.

One of the long-term consequences of blockbusting was the onset of white flight and artificial demand for white-only suburbs. Blockbusting engineered pre-emptive white flight from city neighborhoods and steered Black residents with less free income and opportunities into the vacancies, thereby self-fulfilling its own prophecies and justifying white flight post-facto. White flight significantly decreased cities' municipal tax revenues and impeded cities' ability to provide minority residents, who were often prevented from fleeing to the suburbs alongside their white peers, with adequate civil services. This was coupled with increased tax rates that city governments imposed on said residents, who were often forced to remain in the city due to discriminatory government and private industry practices, in an attempt to try and make up for the reductions in the tax base caused by white flight, further exacerbating the precarious social and financial positions imposed upon non-white city residents.

Popular culture
The acclaimed but short-lived dramatic television series East Side, West Side (1963–1964) deals with this issue in the episode "No Place to Hide," tracing the evolution of two couples, one black, one white; the latter ostensibly champions the cause of the former as unscrupulous realtors attempt to 'block-bust' their newly integrated suburban neighborhood.

The serious-comic television series All in the Family (1971–1979) featured "The Blockbuster", a 1971 episode about the practice, illustrating some real estate blockbusting techniques.

In the 2011 historical fantasy novel Redwood and Wildfire, author Andrea Hairston depicts actors being hired for blockbusting in Chicago, as well as the sense of betrayal experienced by others when they realized some black people were getting rich by participating in these exploitative schemes.

The 2014 documentary Spanish Lake describes how blockbusting happened in the St Louis suburb of Spanish Lake, Missouri.

Blockbusting is portrayed in the 2021 Amazon Video series Them.

In the American sitcom The Wonder Years (2021), the episode "Blockbusting" explicitly talks about the phenomenon.

title: Blockbusting


text: File:Arzach.jpg

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: File:Arzach.jpg


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Ayres Natural Bridge Park

Ayres Natural Bridge Park is a county park in Converse County, Wyoming in the United States. It occupies 150 acres (0.6 km²) between the towns Glenrock and Douglas about 6 kilometers south of Interstate 25 exit 151. The park's name is derived from the rock formation of the same name. Ayres is the surname of the family who donated the land which had been part of their ranch.

Over the course of millions of years, a bend in LaPrele Creek (originally known as Bridge Creek) wore away at a wall of solid rock, creating a natural opening. The creek eventually shifted course through the opening, forming a 30-foot (10 m) high and 50-foot (15 m) wide arch, today known as Ayres Natural Bridge, from sandstones of the Casper Formation.

Located about a mile (2 km) south of the Oregon Trail, the Natural Bridge was often visited by emigrants traveling west. It is considered one of Wyoming's first tourist attractions. In 1843, a pioneer described it as "a natural bridge of solid rock, over a rapid torrent, the arch being regular as tho' shaped by art."

The park is free to visit. There is a small campground in the park, as well as open picnic areas and covered tables. It is opened from April 15 through October 15, from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m., with registered campers allowed to stay overnight. No pets are allowed in the park.

At the park entrance, the old power house, a gray concrete building from the early 1900s build by North Platte Irrigation Company to supply power to pump water from North Platte River for irrigation is still preserved. The company went bankrupt before the project was completed.

title: Ayres Natural Bridge Park


text:
Talk:Bryan Allen (hang glider)

Untitled
The picture of Bryan from the referenced NASA page can be used here, since all NASA images are fair game for use here or anywhere. When I clicked on the image in this entry to replace it, it said I should do so only if I held the copyright on the image. So I'll leave it to a knowledgeable editor to replace the picture with the proper notations about it being from NASA and in the public domain. Dradler (talk) 15:14, 16 March 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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External links modified (January 2018)
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title: Talk:Bryan Allen (hang glider)


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Hansard Society

The Hansard Society was formed in the United Kingdom in 1944 to promote parliamentary democracy. Founded and chaired by Commander Stephen King-Hall, the first subscribers were Winston Churchill and Clement Attlee. The society's co-presidents are the Speaker of the House of Commons, Sir Lindsay Hoyle, and the Lord Speaker, Lord McFall of Alcluith, and the vice-presidents are the leaders of the Labour, Conservative and Liberal Democrat parties. The society is named after the Hansard parliamentary record, which publishes the proceedings of the British parliament.

More than 70 years on, the Hansard Society claims to be universally recognised as the independent and non-partisan authority on Parliament and democracy. Their work encompasses a wide range of areas, from citizenship education to the role of Parliament, from devolution to the impact of new media on politics. In addition, the society organises a variety of events in Westminster with high-profile speakers, influential seminars and popular fringe events at party conferences.

Advisory Council
The society has an Advisory Council who support the staff and work of the society in an advisory capacity and across the various programmes of work. It is composed of MPs and Lords, journalists, business people and academics. Within the council there is an Executive Committee, which acts as a board of trustees. The current chair of the Advisory Council is Peter Riddell.

Areas of work
The Hansard Society functions through a number of project teams, whose work includes:

 * providing a platform for debate on current issues around Parliament, constitutional affairs, participation and engagement
 * generating wide-reaching recommendations to improve parliamentary and legislative processes through timely and rigorous research
 * pushing the boundaries of new technology and its abilities to engage the public with policy makers
 * creating and promoting fresh and accessible resources to help teachers present the citizenship curriculum in an innovative and interesting way
 * running training sessions for teachers and policy professionals to enable them to understand a range of political issues and processes effectively
 * bringing students from across the globe to study the British political system and to gain experience through internships in a wide variety of political organisations

Citizenship Education
The Citizenship Education programme works with young people through schools and colleges to educate and inform them about parliamentary democracy and develop innovative ways to involve them in participatory democratic activities. It aims to ensure that teachers have free access to knowledge, training sessions and stimulating resources for political education.

The programme organises mock elections in schools across the UK and runs a number of student-focused projects.

Digital Democracy
Established in 1997, the Digital Democracy programme (until 2010 known as the eDemocracy Programme) was the first research unit dedicated to examining the political and social impact of information and communications technology (ICT). They also conduct research and evaluation; producing commentary and analysis on the latest new media developments and their impact on parliament, government and civil society, including digital participation, engagement, political campaigning and the parliamentary process. The programme was led from 2007 until 2011 by Dr Andy Williamson, a well known researcher and commentator on digital democracy. Previous directors included Ross Ferguson (2005 - 2007) and Professor Stephen Coleman (until 2005).

The Digital Democracy programme, in conjunction with the House of Lords, established the Lords of the Blog website in 2008 to educate, raise awareness and engage with the public on a range of issues regarding the role and business of the House of Lords. Lord Norton, one of the contributors to the blog, was in 2008 described as "a new star of the blogosphere."

The Ministry of Justice commissioned the programme in 2005 to conduct "an independent review of ways in which central government can use information and communication technology (ICT) to enable and enhance public engagement", called Digital Dialogues.

Parliament and Government
The Parliament & Government programme undertakes research on political and constitutional reform. In recent years, they have worked on the issues of Parliamentary scrutiny and government accountability, political representation, the process of law making, and public engagement.

Working closely with parliamentarians, government, the media and the public to consider a range of issues relevant to parliamentary democracy, the programme has made many influential recommendations for parliamentary reform. The society's publication, The Fiscal Maze: Parliament, Government and Public Money, encouraged the House of Commons Liaison Committee to examine the issue of parliamentary scrutiny of government expenditure, and the research A Year in the Life: From member of public to Member of Parliament was quoted at length by the Modernisation Committee in its inquiry Revitalising the Chamber: the role of the back bench Member.

The programme also publishes an annual Audit of Political Engagement, examining the characteristics and trends in public attitudes to politics.

Hansard Scholars programme
In 1985 the society, in conjunction with the London School of Economics, established the Hansard Scholars and Hansard Research Scholars programme, which organise study programmes at LSE and internships in Westminster. The prestigious and selective Scholars programme recruits students who have demonstrated a commitment to public service and to the improvement of democratic systems of government.

The Study and Scholars programme also works with the Foreign Office and the British Council to provide courses for future political leaders from around the world.

In addition to this core work, the programme has expanded to include training for charities, journalists, companies and other organisations that need to understand how the parliamentary system works.

Funding
As a registered charity, the Hansard Society relies on funding from individual donations, grants from charitable trusts and foundations, corporate sponsorship, and donations from individual parliamentarians from Westminster and the devolved institutions.

In 2019, the Hansard Society was given a B grade for funding transparency by Who Funds You?

Selected publications

 * Parliament, Politics and Law Making: Issues and Developments in the Legislative Process (2004) by A. Brazier (ed), ISBN 978-0-900432-57-6.
 * New Politics, New Parliament? A review of parliamentary modernisation since 1997 (2005) by A. Brazier, M. Flinders & D. McHugh, ISBN 978-0-900432-62-0.
 * A Year in the Life: From member of public to Member of Parliament (2006) by G. Rosenblatt, ISBN 978-0-900432-58-3.
 * The Fiscal Maze: Parliament, Government and Public Money (2006) by A. Brazier & V. Ram, ISBN 978-0-900432-08-8.
 * Parliament in the Public Eye 2006: Coming into Focus? (2006) by G. Rosenblatt, ISBN 978-0-900432-43-9.
 * Friend or Foe: Lobbying in British democracy (2007) by Dr P. Parvin, ISBN 978-0-900432-63-7.
 * An audit of political engagement 4 (2007) by Hansard Society & Electoral Commission.
 * No Overall Control? The impact of a 'hung parliament' on British politics (2008) by A. Brazier & S. Kalitowski (eds), ISBN 978-0-900432-29-3.
 * Audit of Political Engagement 5 with a special focus on the Constitution (2008) by Hansard Society, ISBN 978-0-900432-34-7.
 * Law in the Making: Influence and Change in the Legislative Process (2008) by A. Brazier, S. Kalitowski & G. Rosenblatt with M. Korris, ISBN 978-0-900432-39-2.
 * Audit of Political Engagement 6 with a focus on Political Participation and Citizenship (2009) by Hansard Society, ISBN 978-0-900432-44-6.
 * Audit of Political Engagement 7 with a focus on MPs and Parliament (2010) by Hansard Society, ISBN 978-0-900432-49-1.
 * Making Better Law: Reform of the legislative process from policy to Act (2010) by R. Fox & M. Korris, ISBN 978-0-900432-78-1.
 * Audit of Political Engagement 8 with a focus on coalition politics, civic involvement and the Big Society (2011) by Hansard Society, ISBN 978-0-900432-79-8.

The journal Parliamentary Affairs is jointly published by Oxford University Press and the Hansard Society.

title: Hansard Society


text:
Category:Indian martial arts

Martials arts originating from India

title: Category:Indian martial arts


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Cambridgeshire County Cricket Club

Cambridgeshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Cambridgeshire including the Isle of Ely.

The original Cambridgeshire club, established in 1844, is classified as a first-class team from 1857 to 1871. The present club, founded in 1891, has always had minor status although it has played List A matches occasionally from 1964 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is based at The Avenue Sports Club Ground, March, though they have played a number of matches at Fenner's, Cambridge University's ground, and occasionally play games there still. In recent years, matches have also been held at Wisbech and Saffron Walden (in northeastern Essex).

Honours

 * Minor Counties Championship (1) – 1963; shared (0) –
 * MCCA Knockout Trophy (2) – 1995, 2003

Earliest cricket
Cricket must have reached Cambridgeshire in the 17th century. The earliest reference to the game being played there is at Cambridge University in 1710.

Outside the university, the earliest reference is a game in 1744 in the Isle of Ely, between the gentlemen of March and the gentlemen of Wisbeach, eleven of a side, for five pounds a man.

Origin of club
Cambridge Town Club and Cambridgeshire were effectively the same team as the town club teams were representative of the county as a whole. The town club's earliest known match was against Cambridge University Cricket Club in 1819 and the county name was first used for the match against Surrey in 1857.

The town club was formed sometime before 1819 and eventually evolved into the original county club, which was formally established on 13 March 1844, playing under the name of "Cambridge Town and County Club". After 1847, the name reverted to Cambridge Town.

Club history
The county club did not play matches outside East Anglia until 1857 when it played Surrey. From 1857 until 1871, the county club was recognised as holding first-class status. The club itself was dissolved in 1869 (according to James Lillywhite's Cricketers' Companion of that year) but two matches arranged in 1869 and 1871 involved playing members of the former club and the team in both these games was called Cambridgeshire by Wisden and other sources.

The club played 39 first-class matches in all, winning thirteen, losing 21 and drawing five. The most successful season was 1864, when all 3 matches played were won. The regular home ground was Fenner's. Thomas Hayward made the most appearances, playing in 35 of the matches. He also made most runs, with 1,934 at 33.34, and scored two of the four centuries made for the county, both in 1861. He and Robert Carpenter put on 212 for the 3rd wicket against Surrey at The Oval in 1861, both scoring centuries. This was the highest partnership for the county. George Tarrant took the most wickets: 197 at 12.25, plus a further 22 wickets for which the runs conceded are not known. He had match figures of 15–56 against Kent at Chatham in 1862, including 8–16 in an innings. He also took 8–45 in an innings against Surrey at Fenner's the same year.

According to Simon Wilde, in the early 1860s Carpenter and Hayward were rated as two of the three finest batsmen in England along with Richard Daft. Daft himself ranked Carpenter and Hayward as being equal, but George Parr reckoned Carpenter to be the better. Wilde's own estimation was that Carpenter was the best batsman in England from 1860 to 1866.

The present club was founded on 6 June 1891.

Cambridgeshire first took part in the Minor Counties Championship in the competition's fourth season, 1898, and has competed every season since with the exception of 1902 and 1920. The club was revived in 1921 with HB Hart as Secretary and HC Tebbutt as captain, despite the club's financial situation being precarious. War veteran Tebbutt had debuted in 1901, but this was his final season. He later became notorious for murdering his partner and three children before killing himself.

It has won the Minor Counties Championship once, in 1963. As Eastern Division champions in both 1987 and 1988, Cambridgeshire became the first minor county to compete in four consecutive cup finals, albeit without success. Cambridgeshire have, however, won the MCCA Knockout Trophy twice since its inception, in 1995 and 2003. It also won the Eastern Division of the Minor Counties Championship again in 1994, 2011 and 2013, losing the subsequent finals.

Cambridgeshire County Cricket Club also played 28 List A matches between 1964 and 2004 (the great majority against first-class counties and occasionally on Test grounds) with 103 players making one or more appearances.

Notable players
The following Cambridgeshire cricketers also made an impact on the first-class game:

 * Gerry Alexander
 * Mike Brearley
 * Robert Carpenter
 * Alfred Diver
 * Thomas Hayward
 * Tom Hayward
 * Jack Hobbs
 * Bill Hitch
 * Terry Jenner
 * Derick Parry
 * George Tarrant
 * Johnny Wardle

External sources

 * Minor Counties Cricket Association Official Site
 * Cambridgeshire CCC site
 * CricketArchive page on The Avenue Sports Club Ground, March
 * Records Relating to Sport at the County Record Office, Cambridge

title: Cambridgeshire County Cricket Club


text:
Jean-Claude D'Amours

'''Jean-Claude "J.C." D'Amours''' (born December 19, 1972) is a Canadian politician and who represents Edmundston-Madawaska Centre in the New Brunswick legislature. He is a former Member of Parliament for Madawaska—Restigouche.

Born in Edmundston, New Brunswick, D'Amours served as a city councillor in Edmundston from 1998 to 2004. D'Amours is a former account executive, development manager and a financial agent/adviser/consultant.

In the 2004 federal election, D'Amours was elected to the House of Commons of Canada as a member of the Liberal Party of Canada. During his first mandate, he was a member of the Standing Committee on Human Resources, Skills Development, Social Development and the Status of Persons with Disabilities, the Standing Committee on Official Languages and the Subcommittee on the Employment Insurance Funds of the Standing Committee on Human Resources, Skills Development, Social Development and the Status of Persons with Disabilities.

He was re-elected in the 2006 federal election after a close race with Conservative candidate Jean-Pierre Ouellet. His campaign focused on improving the Employment Insurance Program, transferring federal government jobs to rural regions, creating a community development fund and creating a national forum on the forest industry.

D'Amours was defeated by Conservative Bernard Valcourt in the 2011 federal election.

D'Amours was elected in the 2018 provincial election and re-elected in the 2020 provincial election.

title: Jean-Claude D'Amours


text:
Talk:World Figure Skating Championships

Comments
Someone has a factual error listed at one of the World Championships: the 1996 one in Canada. They have that Ilia Kulik won the Men's Singles Gold there, and Todd Eldredge won the Silver, that is totally wrong (the true order was reversed, and this does not jive with many resources both on the internet and with Mr. Eldredge and Mr. Kulik's biography on Wikipedia). And I can prove it, via, the ISU (International Skating Union's) website. If this persist, after I change and correct again, I will deliberately have Wikipedia reported both to the ISU and the United States Figure Skating Association (USFSA) and I will ask them to see what their lawyers can do to make whoever is switching the order in those Championships for the Gold and the Silver pay for it. -- cnbpjb, 12:14, 25 February 2006

Why Icedancing is missing in this list? Is there a special list? Uwe

It's not that Uwe, it's "who's going to do all that typing?" :) --Pelladon 03:39, 6 September 2005 (UTC)

The typing was not that bad. It was anyway mostly copy and paste. However now the bios can follow. Uwe
 * You the man! --Pelladon 17:55, 17 November 2005 (UTC)

Page is too big
Any suggestions on how to break it down? Possibly a separate page for each event? --Pelladon 03:22, 3 December 2005 (UTC)

Any need for logos?
I happen to work for the company that created the logo for the 2003 event in Washington. Is there any need for the logo in this article? EVula // talk // ☯  // 17:10, 15 November 2006 (UTC)

Ice Dance
How can the Ice Dance table of medallists be edited? Is the source on another page? I just want to say that 1992 the medallists competed for CIS. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Stavol2 (talk • contribs) 08:23, 2 April 2007 (UTC).

 * You can edit it by editing the template directly. Kolindigo 15:08, 2 April 2007 (UTC)

Multiple spots for 2008 Worlds
I have doubts that this table is correct. Kevin van der Perrin (Belgium) did not participate in the Worlds 2007, how shall Belgium than have multiple spots for the 2008 worlds. Can anybody answer that? Uwe Langer 20:04, 8 April 2007 (UTC)
 * Found it. It was not Belgium it was Belarus earning two spots in the mens for 2008. Corrected it. Uwe Langer 20:11, 8 April 2007 (UTC)

Italy DOES NOT have 3 spots to World's in 2009 because they sent 2 skaters whose total exceeds 13. If Carolina Kostner were the only lady representing Italy this year, then yes, they would have 3 spots. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 160.39.255.217 (talk) 08:49, 27 March 2008 (UTC)

France should have only 2 spots to the 2009 Worlds in Men's since they finished 2nd and 18th (source: ISU.org)

Canada should have only 2 sports to the 2009 Worlds in Ice Dancing since the top 2 finishers were 2nd and 17th (source ISU.org). There's an icenetwork.com interview with Virtue/Moir that quotes this fact as well.

History
I restored changes undone by Kolindigo. The brief History is directly contradicted by James Hines, 2006, Figure Skating: A history, the only authoritative and comprehensive history of figure skating since 1959. My edits correct the errors based on Hines history. I included the only footnote on the textual content of this page. When Kolindigo undid my correction, he kept one piece from my update, the location of the first Ladies Championship, Davos. He also retained my footnote in a position that made it appear to apply to the old and contradictory material. I had deliberately created two paragraphs so there was no ambiguity, and it was clear that the footnote did not apply to the original first half which I left intact. I will be glad to stand down if Kolindigo can provide a better authoritative source for his version of Madge Sayers participation and the origin of the Ladies Championship. GeorgeDS (talk) 07:05, 19 December 2007 (UTC)

 * Hey. Per my edit summary, I take issue with the idea that all of this happened in the 21st century. Please check the dates you used. And thanks for the book rec, I'll pick it up from the library ASAP. :) Kolindigo (talk) 07:11, 19 December 2007 (UTC)

 * You are quite right. I'm so used to typing 20.. that I got all the dates wrong. I've moved them to 1903 to 1906. Are we OK now :) BTW I'm new to this and have looked all over for the edit summary which I cannot find. GeorgeDS (talk) 07:30, 19 December 2007 (UTC)

I found the "edit summary" and put a note in this time. I'm getting extremely frustrated with this. I provided the only reference/source and now people who haven't checked the entire edit history are removing my update and saying it's unsourced. If people keep removing my correction but leaving the James Hines reference, I will contact James Hines so he can take legal action for using his work as reference for material that directly contradicts him. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Georgeds (talk • contribs) 08:00, 19 December 2007 (UTC)

Post-World War I resumption
One question I have not found out searching Google is why the World Figure Skating Championships were not re-established until three years after World War I had ended?? I can understand why it would have been too late to organise a 1919 World Figure Skating Championship since the war did not end until November of 1918, but one would guess that 1920 Championships could certainly have been organised during 1919. Even with conflict with the 1920 Olympics, one would imagine a 1921 Championship could certainly have been organised duirng that time, but that was not done for some reason. Could anyone here provide details and information?? luokehao, 08:59, 18 January 2014 (UTC)

History - Gold
I find the statement "Many, including World Champion Ulrich Salchow, believed she should have won the gold." highly questionable. There is no reference to anything like this in James Hines' history. Salchow was the reigning champion (from 1901), arguably the greatest skater of his time, invented an important jump that is still used in its original form today, and was one of the original 20 inductees into the World Figure Skating Hall of Fame. Women were then so little regarded as athletes that no one thought to make a rule against their participation. If Salchow had said anything like this, it would have been so newsworthy that it would have been included in every contemporary newspaper, magazine, and book covering the 1902 events. If true, it should be very easy to document.

The statement makes a colorful story, but that does not make it true. It is much easier to write untrue and undocumented history than to write accurate and researched history. I have now challenged this statement. As I understand Wikipedia's verifiability standard, the original author (or someone else) must provide a "reliable, published source" or this statement should be removed. GeorgeDS (talk) 19:27, 19 December 2007 (UTC)

 * More than a month has passed and no one has provided any support for the statement I challenged. I am removing the statement. As for the other part of the the statement, "Many," absent exit polling which was not developed for about 70 years, no one could know what the audience thought. 100 in 5000 spectators would have been "many," but quite meaningless.GeorgeDS (talk) 06:25, 24 January 2008 (UTC)

16 yr old Scotch
Is there, or has there ever been, a minimum age to compete? It appears, based on the deaths of the '61 U.S. team, to be 17. TREKphiler  hit me ♠  14:09, 22 November 2009 (UTC)

 * There is currently a minimum age (15 years old by the preceeding July 1). There have been various age limits; I don't know when the first one was introduced. It wasn't 17 in 1961; Elena Vodorezova was 12 in 1976 and I'm pretty sure there weren't any age limits then. Tara Lipinski was 13 in 1996 and was then grandfathered in when new age limits were imposed. Kolindigo (talk) 18:46, 22 November 2009 (UTC)

 * Quick answer! Thanks a lot. BTW, tho, I imagine others have wondered, so a firm(er) answer, included in the page, would probably be a good idea.  TREKphiler   any time you're ready, Uhura  19:10, 22 November 2009 (UTC)

 * There is currently this:
 * Skaters must be older than fifteen as of July 1st the previous year to compete. The World Junior Figure Skating Championships is the corresponding competition for skaters at age 13 to 19 who are not old enough for senior Worlds or do not qualify. In previous years there was a loophole that skaters who were not age-eligible for senior Worlds but had medalled at Junior Worlds could compete at senior Worlds, but this loophole has since been closed.
 * I can hunt up sources for previous age limits, though it may take a while (perhaps someone else reading this page has some on hand?). Kolindigo (talk) 19:24, 22 November 2009 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20051230132504/http://www.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0,11040,4844-148237-165453-56218-0-file,00.pdf to http://www.isu.org/vsite/vfile/page/fileurl/0,11040,4844-148237-165453-56218-0-file,00.pdf

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Pairs and IceDancing medalists
Were there any pairs who medaled in pairs and ice dancing? Or maybe just individual skater who medaled in both with different partners? Note or list (if there are more) would fit the article. 213.149.62.160 (talk) 16:31, 30 September 2017 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the nomination page. —Community Tech bot (talk) 02:24, 13 April 2021 (UTC)
 * FSR Team flag (2021 Wch).png

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for speedy deletion: You can see the reason for deletion at the file description page linked above. —Community Tech bot (talk) 12:39, 22 August 2021 (UTC)
 * FSR flag (2021 Worlds).png

Changing from "Ladies'" to "Women's"
Hey there! Previously, the discipline was known as "ladies' singles" but with ISU regulations and communications changing it into "women's singles" starting from the 2021-22 season, I want to know how the discipline should be referred to on this particular page.

As of now, the page on Figure skating still refers it as "ladies' singles" (will be changing that soon) but the Single skating pages uses "women's singles" and for those 2 pages it should be clear that they should refer to the discipline as "women's single" since it covers figure skating as a whole. However, since pages like this one discuss about specific time period (before the terminology change), I just want to make sure if replacing all of "ladies'" into "women's" would be appropriate or not.

Thank you!

Suuuuuuzu 11:53, 1 December 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:World Figure Skating Championships


text:
San Pedro Bay (California)

San Pedro Bay is an inlet on the Pacific Ocean coast of southern California, United States. It is the site of the Port of Los Angeles and the Port of Long Beach, which together form the fifth-busiest port facility in the world (behind the ports of Shanghai, Singapore, Hong Kong, and Shenzhen) and the busiest in the Americas. The Los Angeles community of San Pedro borders a small portion of the western side of the bay. The city of Long Beach borders the port on the eastern side of the bay. The northern part of the bay, which is the largest part of the port, is bordered by the Los Angeles neighborhood of Wilmington.

Seabed
Most of the bay is between 32 and 75 ft deep. The seabed near Long Beach has experienced considerable subsidence as a result of oil extraction in the Wilmington Field from the 1950s onward. This helped the Port of Long Beach surpass the Port of Los Angeles as the leading port in the United States for a time in the 1980s and 1990s, since the deeper seafloor meant that Long Beach could accommodate ships with deeper drafts than could Los Angeles. Dredging operations related to the construction of a gigantic new marine terminal at the Port of Los Angeles have since made both sides of the bay accessible to even the largest existing container ships. Concerns regarding subsidence increased until Operation "Big Squirt", a water injection program, halted any progression of sinking land in 1960.

Islands
Natural islands in San Pedro Bay include Terminal Island (actually an augmented mudflat and Rattlesnake Island), the site of much of Los Angeles' and Long Beach's port facilities, Mormon Island, the site of an abortive settlement attempt by San Bernardino-based Mormon pioneers in the 1850s, and Smith's Island. Land reclamation operations by Los Angeles have considerably enlarged Terminal Island, as well as linking Mormon Island to the mainland. Deadman's Island sat at a landmark at the foot of the bay, but was removed in 1928 as part of the effort by Phineas Banning to enlarge the harbor. In 1927 an airport, originally called Allen Field and later Naval Air Station Terminal Island, was built on San Pedro's Terminal Island.

Four small artificial islands containing oil wells (the THUMS Islands) are scattered around the bay near Long Beach. The oil drilling equipment itself is masked by tropical landscaping, architectural features and fake high-rise "buildings" in an attempt to improve their appearance from shore. These islands, named Oil Islands Freeman, Grissom, White, and Chaffee, are named for Theodore Freeman, the first NASA astronaut to die during flight, and for Gus Grissom, Ed White, and Roger B. Chaffee, who were killed by a fire during the Apollo 1 mission.

Free Harbor Fight
As Los Angeles developed as an economic and trading hub, the need for a deep harbor became apparent. In the late 1890s, the Southern Pacific Railroad started purchasing large parcels of land in Santa Monica near its terminus, and the Huntington family advocated for a Santa Monica harbor, which would have monopolized Southern Pacific freight. In opposition, the Los Angeles Chamber of Commerce and a newly formed Harbor League advocated for a harbor to be built in San Pedro, where the Southern Pacific would have competition with Phineas Banning's Los Angeles and Harbor Railroad. The resulting Free Harbor Fight and 1906 annexation of the Harbor Gateway ensured Wilmington and San Pedro would serve as the main port of Los Angeles. It also explains the considerable distance between the harbor and the city's main rail yards, a situation not addressed until the construction of the Alameda Corridor nearly a century later.

Breakwaters
Three breakwaters extend 8.5 mi across most of the bay, with two openings to allow ships to enter the Port of Los Angeles and the Port of Long Beach. The first section of the San Pedro Breakwater was constructed between 1899 and 1911 at San Pedro. The Rivers and Harbors Act of 1930 authorized further construction. The middle breakwater began construction in 1932. The 2.5-mile eastern breakwater, also known as the Long Beach Breakwater, was constructed between 1941 and 1949.

The western and middle breakwaters provided the ports considerable protection in the 1939 California tropical storm. With the eastern breakwater not yet constructed, coastal neighborhoods of Long Beach such as Belmont Shore were severely impacted.

Restoration
The Long Beach breakwater is the target of controversy within the harbor towns and Greater Los Angeles conservationist community, with various environmental groups, including the Long Beach chapter of the Surfrider Foundation, proposing modifying or removing the breakwater to promote better water flows and a more natural coastal environment at the mouth of the Los Angeles River. This restoration ecology-based removal is opposed by waterfront property owners and shippers, who consider that the breakwater provides needed protection from storm damage.

A short documentary addressing the issues surrounding the reconfiguration of the Long Beach breakwater is available.

title: San Pedro Bay (California)


text: Category:Ports and harbors of the United States


text:
Dengeki Comic Gao!

Monthly Dengeki Comic Gao! (月刊電撃コミックガオ!), also known as Dengeki Gao! was a Japanese shōnen manga magazine that primarily contained manga and information about series featuring bishōjo characters. It was published from December 1992 to February 2008 by MediaWorks. The Gao in the magazine's title is a childish form of the sound Grr. Many manga serialized in Dengeki Comic Gao! were adapted from light novels published under MediaWorks' Dengeki Bunko label. The magazine was sold every month on the twenty-seventh.

When Dengeki Comic Gao! was first published, many of the manga that ran in the magazine had transferred from Kadokawa Shoten's Comic Comp magazine, though many of the titles were slightly altered. This caused the readers of Comic Comp to become interested in Dengeki Comic Gao! and in October 1994, Comic Comp ceased publication. Gradually, it became apparent that MediaWorks' similar manga magazine Dengeki Daioh was much more popular, and in response, Dengeki Comic Gao! was reformatted starting with the February 2007 issue on December 27, 2006. This was also when the Gao as printed on the magazine cover was changed from being spelled in katakana (ガオ) to being spelled in English stylized as gao. On December 9, 2006, the first issue of a special edition version of Dengeki Comic Gao! called Comic Sylph was published, and is sold quarterly; starting with volume six, Comic Sylph became a special edition version of Dengeki Daioh on March 21, 2008.

The last issue, nicknamed Gao! The Final!! (ガオ！THEファイナル!!), was sold on February 27, 2008 with most of the currently serialized titles reaching their final chapters, while some others continued publication in MediaWorks's similarly themed magazine Dengeki Daioh.

title: Dengeki Comic Gao!


text:
Talk:Thyroid neoplasm

Anaplastic thyroid cancer?
What about medullary or anaplastic thyroid cancer? I'm not an expert and therefore don't feel qualified to contribute, but I'd appreciate if someone did.

 * Well, you could list them on the page, and someone else will build the article from there. That is the power of the wiki. JFW | T@lk  00:20, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Role of iodine
We all know about iodine prophylaxis for radiation incidents, but to mention this concept in the intro was a bit too much. Now I have no idea where to put it; does this apply to all four forms of TC or just to follicular or papillary?

Is there any use for radiotherapy in anaplastic TC? JFW | T@lk  16:30, 13 September 2005 (UTC)

This is about thyroid cancer, not radiation contamination. The majority of thyroid cancers in the developed world, from memory, are not traceable to a radioactive incident - so the topic just isn't very relevant here. A small number of papillary are inherited. Most we just don't know the origin of.

The radiation contamination thing also does not apply to medullary and anaplastic.

Diagnosis
I put some random info in the diagnosis section, and dumped a ref. or two at the bottom of the page, but I'm not really qualified to edit this: Just interested because my wife got a nodule (good to see it's probably nothing bad!!) --Slashme 12:46, 2 November 2005 (UTC) This is still pretty random two years later. Someone needs to do some work on this! Maybe if I have some time over the holidays.... —Preceding unsigned comment added by Woodforthetrees (talk • contribs) 12:05, 22 December 2007 (UTC)

Papillary thyroid cancer & Chernobyl
I am not a doctor, but I heard on RFI that papillary thyroid cancers is necessarily induced by radioactivity. Has anyone here any info about that? It would help avert an edit-war on the Chernobyl disaster article, since a French study by the Institut de radioprotection et de sûreté nucléaire claims that no "direct links can be found between the increase of thyroid cancers in France and Chernobyl radioactive fallout", although it also states that papillary thyroid cancers have tripled since Chernobyl. This, according to RFI (who was interviewing the CRIIRAD and the French Association of THyroid-Affected Patients), means the study contradicted itself, and that there is in fact a direct link observable between Chernobyl and the increase of thyroid cancer. Can anybody here confirm or infirm if papillary thyroid cancers are always induced by radioactivity? Lapaz 17:21, 27 April 2006 (UTC)
 * It's impossible to show that thyroid cancers are always induced by radioactivity, since there is always background radiation present. There is incontrovertible evidence, however, that exposure to excess radiation leads to increased risk of thyroid cancer. —Brim 16:31, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

Yes, and increased awareness leads to increased diagnosis as well. Most papillary thyroid cancers cannot be traced to radioactive incidents, so it does not follow that a rise in papillary thyroid cancer rates indicates a rise in radiation incidents. A perfectly valid hypothesis would be that following chernobyl, a lot of people worried about thyroid cancer and checked their necks for nodes. The minute they found anything, they went to the doctor. Since it is known that a very high proportion of the population carries tiny bits of papillary thyroid cancer around without it ever growing into a serious illness (estimates vary - will find the references), it would be very likely that more "cases" would turn up if more nodules were being investigated.

Annual scans not recommended any more (Follicular and Papilliary)?
Is this true? Is there are reference for this?
 * —Preceding unsigned comment added by Verilog (talk • contribs) 00:53, 8 August 2006

Cleanup
I have tagged the article for cleanup. It is very disorganized, with many internal inconsistencies. --Una Smith 16:36, 21 September 2007 (UTC) Here here! Thank you! —Preceding unsigned comment added by Woodforthetrees (talk • contribs) 12:11, 22 December 2007 (UTC)

What is a "modality"
The statement "radioactive iodine is a commonly used modality" is opaque. Even after consulting a dictionary I don't know what it means. Does "modality" mean "treatment"?

Agemegos (talk) 23:25, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

 * You're right. FWIW, in this specific case it stands for "treatment modality" (treatment type/approach/etc). I've improved the lede section a bit. Mira Gambolputty (talk) 16:28, 29 January 2008 (UTC)

What pills to take to prevent thyroid cancer?
I read long time ago that there are pills that could be bought over the counter in any drug store that can prevent cancer if taken a few minutes before being exposed to radiation. Given the possibility of a nuclear explosion in Iran after the US or Israeli bombardment, the radioactive cloud might presumably reach many parts of the world. Perhaps millions of people will be exposed to radiation and subsequent cancer. So, what is the name of the pills, does anyone know?

potassium iodide —Preceding unsigned comment added by 87.194.84.236 (talk) 22:29, 21 September 2008 (UTC)

Questions and Answers Section sites no sources!
The whole Questions and Answers section was a bit of a shock to me. I've never seen anything like that on Wikipedia...it appears to be entirely heresay, siting no sources whatsoever. Regardless of whether the information presented was in fact true for an individual, I think it's strange to present that in the context of general information. Add information: 05:35, 8 January 2011 Hugozam (talk | contribs) m (22,064 bytes) (→Question & Answers) I suggest this be removed. Russella (talk) 04:05, 18 February 2011 (UTC)
 * Done. It was added with the right intentions, but Wikipedia is not a site for original research. The Q&A's would be better posted on a cancer information website (where parts could then be properly referenced). 124.187.182.120 (talk) 04:34, 19 February 2011 (UTC)

Thyroid neoplasm vs cancer
I removed a tag suggesting merging Thyroid cancer into this article, because, as seen in Classification in this article, thyroid neoplasms can be either cancers or benign adenomas, so the Thyroid cancer article would have to be merged to a subsection within Classification. However, the what-links-here for Thyroid cancer are way too many to motivate rewriting all those links to become targeted redirects. Mikael Häggström (talk) 11:24, 23 April 2011 (UTC)

Someone messed up the formatting really badly
Under the malignant neoplasms header. I don't even know what they did, someone fix it. Lonewolf9196 (talk) 02:29, 19 April 2013 (UTC)
 * Fixed.--Debouch (talk) 03:19, 19 April 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Thyroid neoplasm


text:
Dengeki Daioh

Monthly Comic Dengeki Daioh (月刊コミック電撃大王) is a Japanese shōnen manga magazine published by ASCII Media Works (formerly MediaWorks) under the Dengeki brand. Many manga serialized in Dengeki Daioh were later published in tankōbon volumes under ASCII Media Works' Dengeki Comics imprint. The magazine is sold every month on the 27th. A yonkoma section of Dengeki Daioh called Dengeki Yonkoma Daioh (電撃4コマ大王) features various omake strips of the manga series published in it. The format is typically a normal drawing on the right side featuring one or sometimes more characters, and a vertical four panel strip on the left featuring characters from the associated series in super deformed form. Two special editions of the magazine called Dengeki Moeoh and Dengeki Daioh Genesis are sold bimonthly and quarterly, respectively.

The publication originated from Bandai's Cyber Comix magazine, which later became the short-lived Media Comix Dyne — it lasted three issues. After the publication of Media Comix Dyne was canceled, MediaWorks launched Dengeki Daioh as a quarterly publication in 1994. It eventually developed into a bimonthly magazine in 1996, and later into a monthly publication when its name was changed to its current title, Monthly Comic Dengeki Daioh. In recent years, the magazine has taken to publishing information on anime and video games as well where half the magazine contains such information. Dengeki Daioh celebrated its thirteenth year of publication in 2007. Starting with the August 2008 issue, sold on June 27, 2008, Dengeki Daioh increased the number of manga series serialized in each issue which expanded the page count from about 700 to 900 pages per issue.

In Dengeki Moeoh

 * Dengeki!! Aegis 5
 * Haru no Chū
 * Koharubiyori
 * Maromayu (spinoff of Paniponi)
 * Nogizaka Haruka no Himitsu
 * Omakase! Sayana no Moerobu
 * Shōgakusei Sentai Petarikon
 * Tenshi no 3P! no 3P!!
 * Tōhō Kōrindō ~ Curiosities of Lotus Asia.
 * Yumemitari na Hoshimatari na
 * Yuriseijin Naoko-san
 * Megami-sama no ai ga guigui kuru
 * Hatsukoi, Tokimeki Usuihon

In Dengeki Teioh

 * Hamuchu
 * Iono-sama Fanatics
 * Koharubiyori
 * Kyōhaku Dog's
 * Jigoku Gokuraku Tempest
 * Lunch box
 * Mattari-san
 * Murder Princess
 * Scape-God
 * Shina Dark

Special editions

 * Dengeki Moeoh
 * Dengeki Moeoh (電撃萌王) is a seinen manga magazine sold on the twenty-sixth of every other month; the magazine is a special edition version of Dengeki Daioh. It first went on sale on March 26, 2002, and was originally published quarterly. The magazine stopped publication with its sixteenth issue in December 2005 for three months. In March 2006, the magazine started to be published bimonthly. As of 2009, circulation was 50,000 copies.

 * Dengeki Teioh
 * Dengeki Teioh (電撃帝王) was a Japanese seinen manga magazine published by MediaWorks; the magazine was a special edition of Dengeki Daioh, which went on sale four times a year in January, April, July, and November on the twenty-sixth. The magazine was published between April 26, 2004 and November 26, 2006.

 * Comic Sylph
 * Comic Sylph (コミックシルフ) was a quarterly shōjo manga magazine, and first went on sale on December 9, 2006, as a special edition version of Dengeki Comic Gao!, but starting with the sixth volume on March 21, 2008, Comic Sylph became a special edition version of Dengeki Daioh. Comic Sylph was one of the few magazines originally published by MediaWorks not under the Dengeki naming line, such as with Dengeki Daioh, and Dengeki G's Magazine, the first of which being Active Japan in 1995 which was discontinued in 1998. Starting with the issue published on May 22, 2008, the magazine's title changed to simply Sylph (シルフ) and started to be published bimonthly as an independent magazine.

 * Dengeki Bunko Magazine
 * Dengeki Bunko Magazine (電撃文庫MAGAZINE) is a seinen light novel magazine published bimonthly which originally began as a special edition of Dengeki Daioh. The magazine was first published on December 10, 2007, as the successor of Dengeki hp, but from the third issue on, published on April 10, 2008, the magazine became independent of Dengeki Daioh.

 * Dengeki Daioh "g"

title: Dengeki Daioh


text:
Dylan Patton

Dylan Michael Patton (born July 13, 1992) is an American former actor and child model. He is best known for portraying the role of Will Horton on the NBC soap opera Days of Our Lives from February 27, 2009, to January 20, 2010.

He currently plays Ultimate Frisbee for the Los Angeles Organization of Ultimate Teams called Kong and does production assistant work in art department.

Career
In early 2009 he was cast in the role of Will Horton on the NBC soap opera "Days of Our Lives for 4 years, but due to the change in story line, after playing the role for eleven and a half months, the role was recast and he was let go from the show. In 2010, he was nominated for an award at the 37th annual Daytime Emmy Awards in the Outstanding Younger Actor category for his role on Days.

Personal life
Patton was born in Texas, United States on July 13, 1992. His family consists of his parents David Patton, Deborah Patton and younger brother Julian. He studied at Agoura High School. He spent his youngest years in Texas, then moved to Los Angeles to pursue his acting career. On May 14, 2013, Patton was arrested for selling cocaine out of his parents' Agoura Hills home in California, and on June 13, 2013, he was sentenced to three years probation after pleading no contest.

Nominations
2008
 * Young Artist Awards (Cold Case)

2010
 * Daytime Emmy Awards (Days of Our Lives)

2011
 * Young Artist Awards (Days of Our Lives)

title: Dylan Patton


text:
Jurm (2005 film)

Jurm (English: Crime) is a 2005 Indian Hindi-language thriller film written and directed by Vikram Bhatt. It stars Bobby Deol, Lara Dutta, Milind Soman and Gul Panag. The film follows a rich industrialist who gets arrested for his wife's murder and pleads not guilty.

The marketing of the film included a promotional mobile video game based on the film by Paradox Studios. The film was released on 18 February 2005. With critics praising the thrills, performances and music while criticizing the predictability in the screenplay, the film failed at the box office.

Summary
Avinash Malhotra, a rich businessman, is arrested for murdering his wife Sanjana. All the evidence points towards his guilt, but Avinash himself is unsure whether he really killed her. A guilt-ridden and distraught Avinash asks the help from his friend and lawyer Rohit to escape from sure punishment. But Avinash doesn't know that he is going to get in an even bigger mess than he is trying to get out from.

Plot
Avinash and Sanjana's married life goes downhill when he realizes that she has been lying to him, even about petty things. Even though there is no concrete evidence, he is convinced that Sanjana is cheating on him. His attitude towards her changes, which becomes a cause of concern for his friends. They try in all futility to talk sense into him, but his anger towards Sanjana increases. Things come to an ugly turn when Avinash abuses and embarrasses Sanjana in a party they are attending.

Sanjana heads back to their home and Avinash follows. Next day, Avinash learns that he brutally killed Sanjana in front of her uncle. A case stands in the court and he is given a life sentence. Unconvinced of his guilt, he asks his lawyer and friend Rohit for help. Avinash promises Rohit the power of attorney of his property in lieu of helping him escape. Rohit helps him escape, but backstabs him by fleeing with the money and leaving him for dead.

Avinash is saved by his friend Sonia and nurtured back to safety and health. Determined to exact his revenge on Rohit, Avinash zeroes the location of latter in Malaysia. However, he is stunned to see Sanjana there, hale and alive, living with Rohit. He also narrows down and confronts Sanjana's uncle, who confirms that Sanjana was having an affair with Rohit and that he helped the duo to remove Avinash from their life.

An enraged Avinash kills Sanjana's uncle and sets out to seek revenge. First, he confronts her, creating fear and panic in her heart. She tells about him to Rohit, who is skeptical and thinks that Sanjana is losing it. After Sanjana realizes this, she has a fight with him. Later, Avinash creates a rift between them, paying them back in their own coin. Unaware of all this drama, an Inspector is sent to find Avinash, who is still assumed to be missing.

The Inspector also turns up in Malaysia, following the trail. Here, Rohit accidentally runs into Avinash and realizes that Sanjana was right. Sanjana is on the verge of breaking up, and Rohit becomes afraid that she might spill the beans. Rohit and Sanjana attend a party, where she almost lets the secret out. They have a confrontation and turn to go home, just like it happened with Avinash. They go into the parking lot, where Avinash is patiently waiting for them.

Avinash knocks Sanjana unconscious and kills Rohit. Next day, Sanjana regains consciousness and finds that she has been arrested for killing Rohit. Based on the circumstances, Sanjana is found guilty and given life imprisonment. The Inspector, who has deduced all the story by now, meets her in her cell and expresses his satisfaction over her plight. Avinash too meets her one last time, after which he meets Sonia, indicating that he will start his life afresh without her and leaves her to repent for her sins in jail.

Cast

 * Bobby Deol as Avinash Malhotra
 * Lara Dutta as Sanjana Malhotra (secondary antagonist).
 * Shakti Kapoor as Chamanlal, Sanjana's Uncle
 * Gul Panag as Sonia / Chandni Saxena
 * Milind Soman as Rohit Sharma the main antagonist
 * Ashish Vidyarthi as ACP Vishnu Ram Patnaik
 * Vivek Shauq as Bobby Deol's sidekick and friend

Soundtrack
Anu Malik composed 2 songs, authored by Rahat Indori but later Anand Raaj Anand was brought on board to complete the score. Lyrics were penned by Dev Kohli and Rahat Indori.

title: Jurm (2005 film)


text: File:Dragonlance-Logo.jpg

title: File:Dragonlance-Logo.jpg


text:
Tse-whit-zen

Tse-whit-zen (č̕ixʷícən in the Klallam language, meaning "inner harbor" ) is a 1,700- to 2,700-year-old village of the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe located along the Port Angeles, Washington waterfront. It is located at the base of Ediz Hook on the Olympic Peninsula. During construction in August 2003 of a graving dock associated with replacement of the Hood Canal Bridge, the village's cemetery and other prehistoric remains were discovered. The construction project was abandoned at this site because of the importance of the find, as the village was intact. It is the largest pre-European contact village site excavated in Washington State.

Archaeological excavation has revealed more than 10,000 artifacts and more than 335 intact skeletons. The Washington State Department of Transportation decided to halt all construction efforts related to the graving dock on December 21, 2004. Since then it has worked to ensure the preservation of remains and artifacts already uncovered by the construction.

As a result of a legal settlement with Washington State, the tribe received the land of the village site, as well as $2.5 million to build a cultural center or museum at the site. The tribe intended to begin construction around 2012.

History
The Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe occupied the village of Tse-whit-zen for more than 2,700 years, according to radiocarbon dating. Their territory extended from this area along the Hoko River on the Strait of Juan de Fuca into the present-day Hood Canal, and this was one of several villages throughout the area. The earliest confirmed settlement at the village site dates to 750 B.C., about the same time as the founding of Rome, Italy.

This village site, which includes longhouse areas, ceremonial areas, places for fish and clam drying, was occupied by the Klallam until the 1930s. During the early 20th century, businesses owned by European Americans built a number of lumber mills on top of the village site at the waterfront during the expansion of the lumber industry. Because the ground was covered with 15 to 30 ft of fill, the village and cemetery site was preserved through this period.

Archaeological excavation has revealed possibly eight long house structures.

Elder Adeline Smith of the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe championed the preservation of Tse-whit-zen. As a child, Smith had been warned by adults never to walk on or play on the site of Tse-whit-zen, as it was considered sacred by her people. She was also instrumental in gaining removal of the Elwha Dam and contributing to preservation of the Klallam language through creating a dictionary and written form.

The site is the largest ancient (pre-contact) Native American village discovered in Washington state to date (as of 2013).

title: Tse-whit-zen


text:
Final Cut Studio

Final Cut Studio is a discontinued suite of professional video production and post-production made by Apple for the Mac. The suite competed with Avid Media Composer for the high-end movie production market. It first went on sale in 2005.

In 2011, after the release of Final Cut Pro X, Apple discontinued Final Cut Studio, Final Cut Express, and Final Cut Server. Upon its discontinuation, Final Cut Studio was no longer on sale in Apple Stores or on Apple's website, but was still available through Apple's phone sales. Its three primary applications Final Cut Pro, Motion, and Compressor, are still actively developed, and available on the Mac App Store. As of 2017, Final Cut Pro 7 no longer runs on macOS High Sierra or later; it can be patched to run on recent versions of macOS, though this is not supported by Apple.

Components
Final Cut Studio version 3 was released on July 23, 2009. It was the final release upon discontinuation of the suite and contains six main applications and several smaller applications used in content creation.

 * Final Cut Pro 7 – "real-time editing for DV, SD and HD"
 * Motion 4 – "real-time motion graphics design"
 * Soundtrack Pro 3 – "advanced audio editing and sound design"
 * DVD Studio Pro 4 – encoding, authoring and burning.
 * Color 1.5 – a new color grading application adapted from Silicon Color's FinalTouch.
 * Compressor 3.5 – a video encoding tool for outputting projects in different formats.
 * Cinema Tools 4.5 – tools specific to film processing.
 * Qmaster 3 – a distributed processing tool.

The applications are designed to integrate as a suite, to form a workflow. In particular:
 * Final Cut Pro sequences can be exported to Soundtrack Pro for audio tweaking or music scoring
 * Final Cut Pro sequences can be sent to Compressor, for encoding in an external format
 * Final Cut Pro sequences can be exported to Motion, for motion graphics overlays, or LiveType, specifically for title overlays
 * LiveType projects can be opened in Final Cut Pro without needing to be exported first
 * Motion projects can be incorporated into DVD Studio Pro menus without needing to be exported first
 * LiveFonts from LiveType can be used in Motion.

Final Cut Pro and Motion also integrate directly with Apple's discontinued Shake, a digital compositing package.

History
Production Suite is a software compilation by Apple used for digital video editing. Production Suite contains Final Cut Pro HD, DVD Studio Pro 3, and Apple Motion. The compilation's component applications were announced at the National Association of Broadcasters in April 2004, and the compilation was released in August 2004.

Final Cut Studio was introduced at the National Association of Broadcasters in April 2005, as the successor to Production Suite. It added new versions of all the Production Suite applications: Final Cut Pro, DVD Studio Pro and Motion. It also introduces a new application, Soundtrack Pro, which is a new version of Soundtrack, formerly included with Final Cut Pro. In January 2006, Final Cut Studio became the only way to purchase any of the individual major applications. In March 2006, Apple released the Universal Binary version as Final Cut Studio 1.1.

Marketing
Final Cut Studio has been positioned as an all-in-one production workflow system because of its integration of film, motion graphics and audio post-production tools in one suite. It is analogous to the iLife suite, which is aimed at consumers, insomuch as iMovie is the consumer counterpart of Final Cut Pro; GarageBand 3 is a consumer version of Logic Pro and Soundtrack Pro; and iDVD is the cut-down version of DVD Studio Pro. Like Motion, iMovie includes Core Image effects that can be applied in real time.

High Definition
In the Macworld Conference and Expo 2005, Steve Jobs, former CEO of Apple, declared 2005 to be the "Year of HD". To this end, the HD features of Final Cut Studio were emphasized, such that a little HD logo was placed on the box for each individual Studio application, as well as the Final Cut Studio box.

Final Cut Pro supports nearly all High Definition formats (HDV, DVCPRO HD, AVCHD, and uncompressed HD) and Soundtrack Pro and Motion can import these formats too, where they can be played back on an external monitor. DVD Studio Pro supports the HD DVD 1.0 specification. See DVD Studio Pro.

Packaging
The design for the packaging and websites for each application are consistent to a demonstration video shown at the product's introduction at NAB 2005. This video also includes reference to Shake 4 – a high-end digital compositing application that integrates with Final Cut Pro but is not included in Final Cut Studio.

Case studies
To market the Studio components, Apple compiled a set of case studies of real-world users of the applications. For Final Cut Pro, they used Bunim-Murray Productions' uses of the program in their The Real World reality television show. For Soundtrack Pro, Walter Murch became their advocate – a film editor and sound designer who worked on Cold Mountain and The Godfather. For Motion, Apple used the example of Mekanism and their creation of a TV spot designed to persuade young people to vote. And for DVD Studio Pro, the example of Relevant was used, who used the application in a unique, interactive movie called Backwoods to Brooklyn.

title: Final Cut Studio


text:
Category:Cold War missiles of the United States

This category is for articles about guided missiles developed by the United States and introduced during the Cold War (1945-1990).


text: User talk:84.246.64.87

title: User talk:84.246.64.87


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Chris Arndt

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 19:46, Jun 16, 2005 (UTC)

Chris Arndt
Seems to be a personal attack page, and done badly. No strong claim for notability. David | Talk 22:55, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, vanity. --Sn0wflake 23:36, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity or attack. Whatever. --Etacar11 23:45, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete only 2 of the listed "accomplishments", being in the University political club and creating a blog, don't establish a mentionable notability. Vanity. Who ? ¿ ? 00:01, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete personal attack. JamesBurns 05:23, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


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Spiritual Exercises

The Spiritual Exercises (Exercitia spiritualia), composed 1522–1524, are a set of Christian meditations, contemplations, and prayers written by Ignatius of Loyola, a 16th-century Spanish priest, theologian, and founder of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). Divided into four thematic "weeks" of variable length, they are designed to be carried out over a period of 28 to 30 days. They were composed with the intention of helping participants in religious retreats to discern the will of God in their lives, leading to a personal commitment to follow Jesus whatever the cost. Their underlying theology has been found agreeable to other Christian denominations who make use of them and also for addressing problems facing society in the 21st century.

Editions
The first printed edition of the Spiritual Exercises was published in Latin in 1548, after being given papal approval by Pope Paul III. However, Ignatius's manuscripts were in Spanish, so this first edition was in fact a translation, although it was made during Ignatius's lifetime and with his approval. Many subsequent editions in Latin and in various other languages were printed early on with widely differing texts.

Archival work on the authentic text of the Spiritual Exercises was undertaken at the initiative of the 19th century Jesuit Superior General Jan Roothaan, who himself published a translation and notes from the original manuscripts of St. Ignatius. The culmination of this work was a "critical edition" of the Exercises published by the Jesuit order in 1919, in the Monumenta Historica Societatis Jesu series. A critical edition from 1847 that incorporates Roothaan's studies can be found online. An authoritative Spanish-Latin text, based on the critical edition, was published in Turin by Marietti, in 1928. This was edited by the editor of the critical edition, and included convenient marginal numbers for every section, which can be found in all contemporary editions (and inline in this article).

An English translation by Louis J. Puhl, S.J., published in 1951, has been widely used by Jesuits, spiritual directors, retreat leaders, and others in the English-speaking world. Puhl translated directly from studies based on the original manuscripts.

Background
After recovering from a leg wound incurred during the Siege of Pamplona in 1521, Ignatius made a retreat with the Benedictine monks at their abbey high on Montserrat in Catalonia, northern Spain, where he hung up his sword before the statue of the Virgin of Montserrat. The monks introduced him to the spiritual exercises of Garcias de Cisneros, which were based in large part on the teachings of the Brothers of the Common Life, the promoters of the "devotio moderna". From Montserrat, he left for Barcelona but took a detour through the town of Manresa, where he eventually remained for several months, continuing his convalescence at a local hospital. During this time he discovered The Imitation of Christ of Thomas à Kempis, the crown jewel of the "devotio moderna", which however gave little grounding for an apostolic spirituality, an omission Ignatius later tried to supply in his Constitutions with its focus on labor in the Lord's vineyard. He also spent much of his time praying in a cave nearby, where he practiced rigorous asceticism. During this time Ignatius experienced a series of visions, and formulated the fundamentals of his Spiritual Exercises. He would later refine and complete the Exercises when he was a student in Paris. The Spiritual Exercises of Saint Ignatius form the cornerstone of Ignatian Spirituality: a way of understanding and living one's relationship with God in the world as practiced by members of the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). Although he originally designed them to take place in the setting of a secluded retreat, during which those undergoing the exercises would be focused on nothing other than the Exercises, Ignatius also provided a model in his introductory notes for completing the Exercises over a longer period without the need of seclusion. The Exercises were designed to be carried out while under the guidance of a spiritual director, but they were never meant only for monks or priests: Ignatius gave the Exercises for 15 years before he was ordained, and years before the Society of Jesus was founded. He saw them as an instrument for bringing about a conversion or change of heart, especially in the Reformation times in which he lived. After the Society of Jesus was formed, the Exercises became the central component of its training program. They usually take place during the first year of a two-year novitiate and during a final year of spiritual studies after ordination to the priesthood. The Exercises have also impacted the founders of other religious orders, even becoming central to their work.

Ignatius considered the examen, or spiritual self-review, to be the most important way to continue to live out the experience of the Exercises after their completion.

Spiritual viewpoint
Ignatius identified the various motives that lead a person to choose one course of action over another as "spirits". A major aim of the Exercises is the development of discernment (discretio), the ability to discern between good and evil spirits. A good spirit can bring love, joy, peace, but also desolation to reveal the evil in one's present life. An evil spirit usually brings confusion and doubt, but may also prompt complacency to discourage change. The human soul is continually drawn in two directions: towards goodness but at the same time towards sinfulness.

According to the theologian Hans Urs von Balthasar, "choice" is the center of the Exercises, and they are directed to choosing God's will, a deepening self-abandonment to God. The Exercises "have as their purpose the conquest of self and the regulation of one’s life in such a way that no decision is made under the influence of any inordinate attachment."

"Discernment" is very important to Ignatian thought. Through the process of discernment, the believer is led toward a direct connection between one's thought and action and the grace of God. As such, discernment can be considered a movement toward mystical union with God, and it emphasizes the mystical experience of the believer. This aspect of the Spiritual Exercises reflects the trend toward mysticism in Catholic thought which flourished during the time of the counter-reformation (e.g., with Teresa of Ávila, Francis de Sales, and Pierre de Bérulle). However, while discernment can be understood as a mystical path, it is also more prosaically a method of subjective ethical thought, emphasizing the role of one's own mental faculties in deciding right and wrong.

Typical methodology and structure
The original, complete form of the Exercises is a retreat of about 30 days in silence and solitude. The Exercises are divided into four "weeks" of varying length with four major themes: sin and God's mercy, episodes in the life of Jesus, the passion of Jesus, and the resurrection of Jesus together with a contemplation on God's love. This last is often seen as the goal of Ignatian spirituality, to find God in all things. The "weeks" represent stages in a process of wholehearted commitment to the service of God.

 * First Week: Sin, and God's mercy
 * Second Week: Episodes in the life of Jesus
 * Third Week: The passion of Jesus
 * Fourth Week: The resurrection of Jesus, and God's love

Morning, afternoon, and evening will be times of the examinations. The morning is to guard against a particular sin or fault, the afternoon is a fuller examination of the same sin or defect. There will be a visual record with a tally of the frequency of sins or defects during each day. In it, the letter 'g' will indicate days, with 'G' for Sunday. Three kinds of thoughts: "my own" and two from outside, one from the "good spirit" and the other from the "bad spirit".

Ignatius' book is not meant to be used by the retreatant but by a director or spiritual guide. Each day the exercitant uses the material proposed by the director for four or five hour-long periods, each followed by a review of how the period went. The exercitant reports back to the spiritual director who helps interpret the exercitant's experiences and proposes material for the next day. Ignatius observes that God "deals directly" with the well-disposed person and the director should not give advice to the retreatant that might interfere with God's workings.

After the first week Ignatius recommends a form of contemplation which he calls "application of the senses." For this you “place yourself in a scene from the Gospels. Ask yourself, "What do I see? What do I hear? What do I feel, taste and smell?” The purpose of these Exercises is that we might gain the empathy to "follow and imitate more closely our Lord." From this comes the widespread use of the magis concept in Ignatian circles, pursuing spiritual growth and progress rather than sudden transformation.

Modern applications
The Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius of Loyola are considered a classic work of spiritual literature. Many Jesuits are ready to direct the general public in retreats based on the Exercises.

Since the 1980s there has been a growing interest in the Spiritual Exercises among people from other Christian traditions. The Exercises are also popular among lay people both in the Catholic Church and in other denominations, and lay organizations like the Christian life community place the Exercises at the center of their spirituality. The Exercises are seen variously as an occasion for a change of life and as a school of contemplative prayer.

The most common way for laypersons to go through the Exercises now is a "retreat in daily life", which involves a five- to seven-month programme of daily prayer and meetings with a spiritual director. Also called the "19th annotation exercises" based on a remark of St. Ignatius in the 19th "introductory observation" in his book, the retreat in daily life does not require an extended stay in a retreat house and the learned methods of discernment can be tried out on day-to-day experiences over time.

Also, some break the 30 days into two or three sections over a two-year period. Most retreat centers offer shorter retreats with some of the elements of the Spiritual Exercises. Retreats have been developed for specific groups of people, such as those who are married or engaged. Self-guided forms of the Exercises are also available, including online programs.

title: Spiritual Exercises


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Talk:Spiritual Exercises

How about a better link to the full-text version of the Exercitia Spiritualia
The article's link to the "full text" of the Exercises takes the reader to a Calvin College page that presents the document one small page per mouse click. It also contains at least one ad.

There are better, ad-free choices available. In keeping with Wikipedia's non-commercial ideals (see WP:ADS), I believe the link should be changed from:

http://www.ccel.org/ccel/ignatius/exercises.titlepage.html

to:

http://www.archive.org/details/a588350800loyouoft (where several formats are available without charge)

I'm not asking anyone to change it; I'll do that in a day or two and am inviting comment on the matter. Of course, if anyone has a better link, please say so!

Thanks! — UncleBubba ( T @ C ) 17:01, 2 September 2011 (UTC)

 * Done! — UncleBubba ( T @ C ) 16:45, 6 September 2011 (UTC)

Textual history
It would be good if this article included a section on the textual history of the Exercises. There are different versions circulating, some longer and some shorter, and some are organized according to "days of the week" whereas others are organized only according to "exercises" (albeit contained within four week-long series). Were there several editions? Was there an edition authorized by Ignatius? What is the history here? - 86.40.23.69 (talk) 09:08, 18 October 2016 (UTC)

Discussion
Please communicate with me here or on my talk page if you question any of my edits. I don't oppose improvements but would like to know your reasons, and can share with you mine.Jzsj (talk) 08:15, 8 March 2017 (UTC)

Removing Source "On the Ignatius Way: A Pilgrimage in the Footsteps of Saint Ignatius if Loyola"
This reference does not speak on the facts of the Spiritual Exercises of Ignatius but instead is a dialog with the author of "On the Ignatius Way". In the cited article the author says to follow his interpretations of the spiritual exercises to help you through the 21st century. Would like to see this source removed as it doesn't seem to be relevant to the article. Best.DamianABrown (talk) 02:23, 19 June 2020 (UTC)

title: Talk:Spiritual Exercises


text: File:NVIDIA GeForce 6 Series logo.png

title: File:NVIDIA GeForce 6 Series logo.png


text: User talk:81.153.74.156

title: User talk:81.153.74.156


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Dengeki hp

Dengeki hp (電撃hp) was a Japanese magazine published by MediaWorks centered on publishing light novels aimed at a young adult male readership. The first issue was released on December 18, 1998, and for the first eight issues was published quarterly; after this, it was published bimonthly. The magazine was discontinued in October 2007, and was succeeded by Dengeki Bunko Magazine in December 2007.

List of serialized titles

 * 9S
 * Aruhi, Bakudan ga Ochide Kite
 * Ballad of a Shinigami
 * Bludgeoning Angel Dokuro-Chan
 * Cheerful Charmer Momo
 * E.G. Combat
 * Hanbun no Tsuki ga Noboru Sora
 * Inside World
 * Inukami!
 * Iriya no Sora, UFO no Natsu
 * Kino's Journey
 * Mamoru-kun ni Megami no Shukufuku wo!
 * Missing:Kamikakushi
 * Nogizaka Haruka no Himitsu
 * Shakugan no Shana
 * Tensō no Shita no Bashireisu
 * Thunder Girl!
 * Toradora!
 * Toradora Spin-off!
 * Watashitachi no Tamura-kun

title: Dengeki hp


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User talk:Akizero

A graphic artist, game player, roleplayer, and alot of other things.

title: User talk:Akizero