text:
User talk:Ramallite

{| width="100%" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="10" style="background-color:#f8fcff; border-style:none; border-width:3px; border-color:#b2a4c5;" {| {|
 * align="center" width="100%" style="border-style:solid; border-width:3; border-color:#80737C; background-color:#93BA86; color:#000000;"|Welcome. Please feel free to drop me a note.
 * align="left"|Archives: Archive 1Archive 2 ("Falafel in Nablus" dialogue) Archive 3 Archive 4
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Things to do on Wikipedia
""

Here are some open tasks that you may want to help out :

""

If you have any questions or doubts, don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Once again, welcome! =)

- Mailer Diablo 14:50, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Help in Dome of the Rock article and al-Aqsa Mosque article
Dear Ramallite, I need someone who understands Arabic and English. Please have a look at Dome of the Rock and al-Aqsa Mosque disputes. Almaqdisi 06:40, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

Navigation box for Palestine related things

 * Have created a template for Palestinian related stuff Template:Palestine. Hopefully it will connect a lot of the articles out there and make it easier to navigate. Please help! See talk page Template_talk:Palestine Pockets23 15:35, 10 October 2006 (UTC)

Lynching in Ramalla
Regarding the lynching and the article by Gideon Levy... Btw, next time your people decide to butcher someone, can you consider him instead ? I'll appreciate if you pass the message to your local hamas representative, I can make a list. Cheers. Amoruso 09:41, 15 October 2006 (UTC)

Dome of the Rock
Amuroso and others like to use uncredible citations to spam the Dome of the Rock article. First they insisted that the Dome is not "Masjid Qubbat As-sakhra". That is it is not a masjid. Sencond that it is a shrine built most likely by Jews and for Jews and that Jews were praying their along with muslims etc blah blah..... Of course, I improved the article by bringing the relevant story of the construction from the preserved historical sources by muslim scholars and others. See for example this article which is commonly used and information from is commonly utilized to spam both al-Masjid al-Aqsa and Masjid Qubbat As-sakhra articles. The discussions are long as you may see at the corresponding talk pages. Citing uncredible and unusual claims does not nmake sense and should not be given equal wait. Plus the Dome is a masjid as it is known and not a Shrine, or Maqam or Mashhad as they like to call it! Thanks. Almaqdisi 15:54, 15 October 2006 (UTC)

 * These are personal attacks ("spamming articles...") Almaqdisi that aren't allowed on wikipedia. Refrain please from making BS claims. Amoruso 01:18, 16 October 2006 (UTC)

 * I have to agree with Almaqdisi, a lot of credible evidence show that the Dome of Rock is intact the place where a masjid not a shrine was built.Palestine48 02:36, 16 October 2006 (UTC)

Unspecified source for Image:ManarahSmall.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:ManarahSmall.jpg. I notice the file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you have not created this file yourself, then there needs to be a justification explaining why we have the right to use it on Wikipedia (see copyright tagging below). If you did not create the file yourself, then you need to specify where it was found, i.e., in most cases link to the website where it was taken from, and the terms of use for content from that page.

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Muchas gracias

Hey Ramallite, thanks a lot for supporting me in my recent RfA. It succeeded, and I am very grateful to all of you. If you ever need help with anything, please don't hesitate to ask. Also, feel free point out any mistakes I make! Thanks again, — Khoikhoi 05:06, 21 October 2006 (UTC)

Har Homa
I find the idea that "'widely considered' alone should merit this category" to be very interesting since similar logic isn't employed with regards to other categorisations like Category:Terrorists or Category:Terrorism. It seems that if anything short of acknowledgement (which exists regarding Israeli areas in the West Bank outside unilaterally expanded Jerusalem) isn't enough to categorise a group like Hamas as "terrorist," then it is only fair that an area whose status as a "settlement" is disputed not be categorised as such. Let me know what you think,  Tewfik Talk 06:49, 24 October 2006 (UTC)

 * I'm glad to help you fullfil your mission, and I trust that I'll be able to be of assistance more often.

 * The "fringe minority" that you've discounted includes at minimum the Israeli government, the municipality of Jerusalem, and in my experience, most residents of such places, who have little or no cognisance of the political controversy, especially since it is treated the same as every other part of Jerusalem. Thus, the status of newly constructed neighbourhoods in the parts of Jerusalem annexed since 1967 are not universally recognised as "settlements," and as such should not be categorised as such. This is actually very similar to the practice regarding Category:Terrorists. Hamas is categorised as Category:Designated terrorist organizations because it is, and despite that it still isn't included in any of the categories that I mentioned above, because they are disputed (notably by Hamas). As an aside, I'm surprised that you think you cannot approach or live in areas like Har Homa due to your religion or ethnicity, as I recall you making a post on Talk:Har Homa discussing the trend of Palestinians with Jerusalem residency actually moving into places like this. I'm going to remove the categorisation for the reasons above, but I'm still open to any feedback you may have. Cheers,  Tewfik Talk 19:43, 24 October 2006 (UTC)

I just saw your reply on my Talk, and I've responded to you and Palmiro on Talk:Har Homa. On a personal note, this has absolutely nothing to do with minimising the difficulties faced by many Palestinians or denying their humanity. Whatever you may think, I am absolutely committed to NPOV, as I recognise now more than ever the subjectivity inherent in all of us. Ultimately we will end up with a fair and just representation if and only if we are faithful to the WP policies. And despite what you may think, I assure you that I am very much able to relate to the "Palestinian experience." All the best,  Tewfik Talk 05:35, 27 October 2006 (UTC)

Temple
Hey Ramallite. I was talking about Temple in Jerusalem. The Solomon's Temple... functioned as a religious focal point for worship and the sacrifices known as the korbanot in ancient Judaism. Completed in the 10th century BCE... etc. ←Humus sapiens ну? 03:54, 25 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Take it easy, friend. ←Humus sapiens ну? 04:21, 25 October 2006 (UTC)

Third holiest site in Islam AfD debate
I've nominated this article for deletion Third_holiest_site_in_Islam, and would appreciate your comments on the matter.--Amerique 04:45, 25 October 2006 (UTC)

 * ==Talk:Third holiest site in Islam==

Could you put your comments on the new lead on this page? I wrote it to respond to some of the more major complaints about the page.Elizmr 13:57, 30 October 2006 (UTC)

Allegations of Israeli apartheid
Hello, please keep an eye on this talk as User:SlimVirgin is attempting to skew the article. Thanks Arniep 14:10, 25 October 2006 (UTC)

Upcoming template changes
Hi, I've just noticed that you recently left a templated userpage message. I'm just bringing to your attention that the format and context of these templates will be shortly changing. It is recommended that you visit WikiProject user warnings and harmonisation discussion pages to find out how these changes could affect the templates you use. We also would appreciate any insights or thoughts you may have on the subject. Thanks for your understanding. Best regards Khukri( talk .  contribs ) 14:16, 27 October 2006 (UTC)

Portal Palestine on wp:fr
Hello Ramallite. We have already crossed each other some times when I contributed here on the wp:en. Now I only contribute on the wp:fr because I feel there are less controverses around the palestinian israeli conflit. fr:guerre civile en Palestine de 1947-1948 will soon become featured article with positive comments from both israelis, jewish, arabs and external editors. fr:protagonistes de la guerre de Palestine de 1948 is already one. We are going to deal with fr:exode palestinien and we parellely develop the ... We would be very grateful to you if you could find some palestinian citizen fluent in French who could come and try with us to bring the Palestinian point of view in some/all of there articles and to develop the portal. I think this lacks very very much to the project on the French side. Thank you for your help. Best Regards fr:user:ceedjee

police/universities
A long time ago, you dismissed the notion of the universities built for Palestinians as well as the training of police. After some later research, here is what I found slightly more in depth: After Oslo, only the Israeli military and new PA police police are the only armed forces allowed to operate in the west bank and gaza. And yes then after oslo, Israel for a time did help train police. Another source says it was 7 universities that had been three-teacher training institutions before were sponsored in part by the Israeli government and Jewish donors. If you choose not to believe it, its fine, you are within your rights. --Shamir1 19:30, 11 November 2006 (UTC) PS, have you seen the documentary Promises?

What?
I don't know why you always think im attacking you. Why do u accuse me of "painting you as an intolerant revisionist"? I wasnt. After I read that info, i thought i might share it with you, nothing i said was offensive. When I said, you dismissed it, it was because (at least i thought) you did, which again, is okay. And there is no need for the sarcasm when I say you are within your rights to such thoughts (When working towards a peace settlement, planning a massive wave of violence would probably not be in someone's favor in terms of the consequences on rights). Unfortunately, it is not so much that your rights may be limited as a Palestinian, but moreover as an Arab. Such restrictions exist in absolutely every single Arab country; and i dont even have to tell you which arabs in the middle east and n. africa have by far the most rights.

To remind you again, i wasnt intending to engage in much of a political discussion when i contacted you last. It was surprising for me when i saw your answer criticizing me. If you wish, i am willing to at least be on good terms with you. I dont want to be painted as an intolerant revisionist either. We don't know each other, and at least on my part i can say i dont hate you. If you want to know anything about me (political, individual, whatever), i dont mind and i hope you dont either. Peace. --Shamir1 21:29, 11 November 2006 (UTC)

Informal RfC on Talk:Palestinian refugee
Hi, Ramallite.Jayjg suggested you might be someone to approach to try to achieve some reason and balance in this thread at Talk:Palestinian refugee.If you had the time to review my comments and respond -- or just offer your opinion on any other aspect of the issue -- I'm sure the addition of reasoned commentary would be valuable both for its content and for it encouragement of other editors to follow suit.Parallel reversion wars are also taking place at Palestinian exodus and United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East.I hope patient argument will defuse them, and I hope you will find it possible to participate.--Rrburke 14:26, 13 November 2006 (UTC)

Here's an easy one
Do you have any opinion on this: Talk:Yaser_Arafat?Someone recently moved Yasser Arafat to Yaser Arafat, it would be helpful to get your multilingual perspective. -- M P er el ( talk 01:11, 3 December 2006 (UTC)

Request
Would you mind checking out the discussion here? Thanks, Khoikhoi 04:33, 9 December 2006 (UTC)

Image:RamallahMeetingHouse.jpg
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Image:Shechem Ruin.gif
Thanks for uploading Image:Shechem Ruin.gif. I notice the 'image' page specifies that the image is being used under fair use, but its use in Wikipedia articles fails our first fair use criterion in that it illustrates a subject for which a freely licensed image could reasonably be found or created that provides substantially the same information. If you believe this image is not replaceable, please:

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If you have uploaded other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified how these images fully satisfy our fair use criteria. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on [ this link]. Note that any fair use images which are replaceable by free-licensed alternatives will be deleted one week after they have been uploaded, as described on criteria for speedy deletion.If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. —Angr 18:52, 21 December 2006 (UTC)

Bassam Shakaa
Hello Ramallite,

I didn't see the reference in front of my eyes, and actually spent a bit of time unsuccessfully searching for one, which is why I made the mistake about the injury. However I still believe that there is too much space dedicated to the passage when a brief summary would suffice (more than that in the Bassam Shakaa article, though it is admittedly too short an article) in what is after all an article about a city. Let me know,  Tewfik Talk 04:42, 29 December 2006 (UTC)
 * Your version works for me

. I hope the next 365 days are quiet [and free of checkpoints and other hassles].  Tewfik Talk 19:09, 31 December 2006 (UTC)

Are you OK ?
Hope all is well with you and your loved ones. What a fucked up situation. I feel bad. I am sure you feel this way when there is a pigua. In my eyes there is no diffrence if it takes place in Ramalla or Tel-Aviv. Best, Zeq 19:41, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

An Arabic question
Hi, Ramallite, as an Arabic speaker, I was wondering if you could help me with this. In the article about Fahd of Saudi Arabia, his name was written ending with "al-Saud". It was my understanding that the "al" there was not the definite article, but rather the word meaning "house of", and thus his name should have been written ending with "Al Saud". I changed it, and then I realized that: (a) Wikipedia is full of "al-Saud" occurrences, and (b) I don't really know Arabic. Would you happen to know the correct transliteration? Cheers. --Doron 23:26, 13 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Thanks, yes, I know the Arabic script and speak a little Arabic, and the difference in the alif was what cought my eye in the first place, it was the transliteration that I wasn't sure about. From your reply I understand that I can go on and change all occurrences in Wikipedia, right?--Doron 08:05, 14 January 2007 (UTC)

Good question
I'm not sure what the best approach is. I'm am the moment trying to work out how best to deal with some particularly bad POV editing and original research on Arab citizens of Israel (a persistently problem-prone article), and find myself equally at a loss.The easiest option is to leave them to it, not sure whether that is the best option or not (I mean, obviously it is for you and me, but should we take a more altruistic perspective, and is there any point?).

Specifically with regard to that material in the Bethlehem article, I think one consideration is whether the particular topic is being given undue weight in the article. Arguably it is. One problem with taking it out is that you would be criticised for "removing sourced material", a criticism which appears to be untrumpable however biased the material (or even within certain bounds the sources) are. Palmiro | Talk 19:26, 16 January 2007 (UTC)
 * Maybe the only way is to create a subcategory named Israeli settlements (disputed)? Palmiro | Talk 19:32, 16 January 2007 (UTC)
 * The unwillingness of some editors to accept any compromise in the direction of reality or objectivity on the categorization of the East Jerusalem settlements really is quite exasperating.
 * I agree with you about the Sunni-Shia thing, I see that Hamas is now a Sunni Islamist organization again. But how come the Arab citizens of Israel are Sunni Muslims but Nothing Christians? Where, if not here, will the Rum Kathulik get a look in? As it happens, in a novel I am reading at the moment, set in West Beirut during the Lebanon war, there has just been an argument between a Syrian Orthodox watchmender and a Greek Orthodox Protestant priest as to whether the Surian or the Rum Orthodox were more Arab... Palmiro | Talk 20:19, 16 January 2007 (UTC)

You might like to keep an eye on Palestinian people as well, I just found some rather odd material there. Palmiro | Talk 15:19, 19 January 2007 (UTC)

Hey
I read your bio and laughed, thanks :) - Francis Tyers · 18:25, 18 January 2007 (UTC)

glad
glad you are fine. Pertz is just a stupid politian who jumped too high - has nothing to do from where he come from. I liked him for years. I dislike him now. an idiot like many other. I am sure you have similar people on your side. best, Zeq 18:58, 19 January 2007 (UTC)

Bethlehem
Dear Ramallite,

Thanks, I will check it out.

Almaqdisi talk to me 03:17, 20 January 2007 (UTC)

Appropriate article for this?
Hi Ramallite.I just read this news story Palestinians beaten at Guilford College (Associated Press).I was wondering what is the appropriate Wikipedia article to discuss Palestinian or Arab American directed hate crimes?If you respond on this page, I'll come back and read it.Cheers.--70.48.241.47 02:10, 25 January 2007 (UTC)

 * Perhaps here. Ramallite (talk) 14:28, 27 January 2007 (UTC)

jenin massacre that never was
there is absolutely no reasoning behind removing the precursors to the chomat magen jenin operation and i consider your last action on that article to be vandalism pure and simple. Jaakobou 07:12, 26 January 2007 (UTC)

Please do not delete content from articles on Wikipedia.If you continue to do so, it may be considered vandalism.If you would like to experiment, please use the sandbox.

 * There is absolutely no reasoning behind removing the precursors to the chomat magen jenin operation from the intro to the jenin battle. Jaakobou 08:49, 29 January 2007 (UTC)

Re: Curious
Hello Ramallite,

There is no expedition to eliminate anything, but rather an attempt to organise the category. Most of the articles are already included in a lower level category, and some of them aren't but should be. Cheers,  Tewfik Talk 23:50, 29 January 2007 (UTC)

Palestinian nationalism
Hi Ramallite

Do you think this is an appropriate categorization? It strikes me as rather odd. Palmiro | Talk 19:52, 30 January 2007 (UTC)

Jaakobou
MouseWarrior? ==

Do these two editors share an IP? Abu ali 15:54, 31 January 2007 (UTC)

Biden
I was already briefing it up and tried to preview the page but I lost the server, then reloaded, then saw your comment and here we are. So now again, I'm on it. Thanks. --Shamir1 04:01, 1 February 2007 (UTC)
 * What I got duped into believing? Then it might b a good idea to tell the producers 60 Minutes who included it in an episode. Was this the first time you heard of it? I remember mainstream news here showing that clip on television, and a while ago a girlfriend of mine from France recalled the incident, so it was reported in Europe as well. And by the way, I am still thinking and editing back and forth on the Biden section. --Shamir1 06:01, 1 February 2007 (UTC)
 * Actually, it was because Tewfik's assessment seemed very slightly incorrect and missed the bulk of the statement. It was hard to do since every paragraph made a hard point. Perhaps it was not reported where you are, but I know certainly here it was reported on television, and most Americans got a kick out of it. Perhaps because the drone is photographing from a bird's eye view, it may look like teens to you. I really do not understand the other possibilities you are talking about.
 * Also, the CNN source you added does not confirm the claim, and it is also before any actual investigation. If you actually look at each report, the Biden part (which is the only statement from a United States representative and only one that counters the UN team) is hardly longer than the rest. --Shamir1 00:26, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
 * I added the thing to the camp because it is unsupported. I even had it translated to English and did not find those words anywhere. That is why we need a better citation, not because I "think every Palestinian source is crap." You gave the official camp site, yes, but where are those words? --Shamir1 00:28, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

 * The main problem with the CNN source was not the "initial" part, it was the fact that it does not even mention a massacre. "Don't you get that?" Secondly, if you have a problem with the CNN report, tell it to them. Three, Americans got a kick out of it becuase they were NOT dying, just pretending they were. I have no idea where you got the idea that they were getting a kick out of them dying. Who was dying there? (And again, it was shown in Europe too.) I had to shorten the statement because it was too heavy without any source. I was not assuming bad faith, and thank you for providing me with those. I will have them translated. --Shamir1 01:24, 2 February 2007 (UTC)
 * The CNN story reports the Palestinian claim which we already know is false. That's it. Nothing about fear or a massacre. I don't know why so many of the comments you say to may sound so appropriate when it comes to you, but hey, you've been here long enough to know that. --Shamir1 01:40, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

By that comment I meant to say that much of what you are saying to me can be said back to you. Like: Didn't you get that part? and You've been here long enough to know that. Oh and about the drone and the Homo sapiens thing, by bird's eye view I mean from above. That could be just one foot above. In this case it was probably very high above and probably alreadt zoomed. --Shamir1 18:46, 2 February 2007 (UTC)

Talk:Hebron
FYI. Psychomelodic 20:55, 6 February 2007 (UTC)

Bethlehem article
Hey Ramallite. Sorry for the delay. I was tied up in real life editing work and then had to do so much catching up on articles I had left behind. There are some sources at the Palestinian Christian article that you might find useful. However, a lot of my work towards providing balance there has been undone, there are still a couple of articles that might be of help. Checking the history might help too. There was once a balanced version of that article. I will also do some searches later. Forgive me. Tiamut 19:37, 20 February 2007 (UTC)

A small remark
التحية الطيبة. I read your userpage. I really like you sense of humor. drork 20:23, 21 February 2007 (UTC)

Inter-relation between other arabs and palestinian arabs..arab clans..
I'm trying to look into the relationship between arab clans and palestinian clans..is there an interrelated system of clans? How does the system of arab clans work? I couldn't find anything much on yahoo..searches on arab clans always come up with news about Iraq and stuff about gaining clan influence but nothing of the clans themselves..do you know any good webpages on this?Domsta333 07:57, 25 February 2007 (UTC)

Your revert
Instead of abusing the vandal-fighting tool to revert legitimate edits, you should present your case on the talk page for inclusion of links like Religion, Druze, Sunni Muslim, Biodiversity in Israel, the West Bank, and the Gaza Strip etc. into Template:Palestinians. In addition to the obvious problem that general links, like Religion, do not belong to specific templates, I'd say that the link on biodiversity seems rather demeaning, to say the least. Beit Or 10:02, 26 February 2007 (UTC)

Hey, how's it going?
It's been a pretty tough week and I had wanted to ask you for advice or help many times, but I didn't want to put you in a difficult position (You a Palestinian. Me a Palestinian. The articles about Palestnians. POV accusations going back-and-forth. You know how it might go.) Anyway, things have calmed down now, though I don't feel 100% okay about it all. I just wanted to check in with you and see what happened with the Bethlehem article. Do you still need input there? Tiamut 16:42, 1 March 2007 (UTC)

 * Ramallite, there is an attempt to post pictures of dubious political leaders in the place of the photo of Palestinian children. The talk is happening here: Template talk:Palestinian ethnicity. Could you please check this out? Tiamut 03:40, 20 March 2007 (UTC)

WikiProject Palestine
Hi, How about putting together a WP Palestine? I found that there was already a project page, but with nothing much on it. WikiProject_Palestine Are you interested in bringing it to life? --Fjmustak 20:09, 26 March 2007 (UTC)

Where are you?
Marhaba Ramallite. Just wanted to leave you a note telling you that you are missed. I hope that everything is okay and that you're away enjoying a deluxe vacation - a much deserved break for all the hard work you have done. I had to take a month-long wikibreak myself recently. When you do come back, please drop me a line just to say hi. Shukran habibti. Tiamut 12:48, 5 May 2007 (UTC)

Image:1915 Dance by Rodchenko.jpg
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Image:BritishMandatePalestine1920.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, Image:BritishMandatePalestine1920.jpg, has been listed at. Please look there to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. Yonatan talk 16:42, 22 May 2007 (UTC)

Israeli-Palestinian conflict
Hello. There is a dispute going on regarding whether or not to call the issue of Israeli Settlements an 'obstacle' to peace or not. I would appreciate your input on this matter. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Israeli-Palestinian_conflict#Proposal:_.22obstacle.22_.E2.86.92_.22factor.22 cheers Suicup 09:39, 8 July 2007 (UTC)

Avi
I like your bio, especially the part about Avi. Nice you introduced him to us. Sounds like he was a real creative spirit. Today the comment below made me think of you and Avi. I didn't expect to find you again:

"In the Middle East, there is plenty of water possible for everyone. Again, is the archaic political structures which foster divisions to maintain power for elites, both in power and out (is the Isreali government any more or less of an affront to the average Palestinian thatn the corrupt PA? Is a Palestinian any better or worse off in an Israeli prison than a Fatah or Hams one?)."

May I borrow your bio? of course I link here, and of course I could only write: it seems to depend.But Ari's story feels like a much better reply. LeaNder 18:38, 18 July 2007 (UTC)

hiiiiii really important iam really enjoyed your pag but i want to ask you few question so send me soon nahed87@hotmail.com —Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.178.224.164 (talk) 10:25, 30 October 2007 (UTC)

You are missed
Hey Ramallite. It's been about a year since you stopped editing here. Seeing some of your comments around here and there in old talk sections I've been reviewing, it reminded me of how much I miss your humour and kindness and your intelligence and massive ability to make good edits.

Things have changed a lot over the last few months - at least I like to think so. People are learning how to be more civil and patient and since I'm pretty sure it was the incivility and inanity of some POV pushing editors here that drove you away, I just wanted to tell you that it might be safe to come out now. :) Everyone is making a more serious effort not to let that kind of stuff happen anymore. So please come back my friend, because there are a lot of great articles to work on improving and many more that still need to be written. With warm regards,  T i a m u t talk 20:54, 22 March 2008 (UTC)

WikiProject Macintosh Revival
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WikiProject Macintosh Role Call
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Confusing rollback
Hello! You reverted my revert of what I interpret as IP vandalism. I'm almost positive that this was a mistake, so I undid your action. Is this correct?  Night  w   19:53, 27 January 2011 (UTC)

Notification of pending suspension of administrative permissions due to inactivity
Following a community discussion in June 2011, consensus was reached to provisionally suspend the administrative permissions of users who have been inactive for one year (i.e. administrators who have not made any edits or logged actions in over one year). As a result of this discussion, your administrative permissions will be removed pending your return if you do not return to activity within the next month. If you wish to have these permissions reinstated should this occur, please post to the Bureaucrats' noticeboard and the userright will be restored per the re-sysopping process (i.e., as long as the attending bureaucrats are reasonably satisfied that your account has not been compromised and that your inactivity did not have the effect of evading scrutiny of any actions which might have led to sanctions). This removal of access is procedural only, and not intended to reflect negatively upon you in any way. We wish you the best in future endeavors, and thank you for your past administrative efforts. MadmanBot (talk) 01:04, 1 March 2012 (UTC)

Notification of imminent suspension of administrative permissions due to inactivity
Following a community discussion in June 2011, consensus was reached to provisionally suspend the administrative permissions of users who have been inactive for one year (i.e. administrators who have not made any edits or logged actions in over one year). As a result of this discussion, your administrative permissions will be removed pending your return if you do not return to activity within the next several days. If you wish to have these permissions reinstated should this occur, please post to the Bureaucrats' noticeboard and the userright will be restored per the re-sysopping process (i.e., as long as the attending bureaucrats are reasonably satisfied that your account has not been compromised and that your inactivity did not have the effect of evading scrutiny of any actions which might have led to sanctions). This removal of access is procedural only, and not intended to reflect negatively upon you in any way. We wish you the best in future endeavors, and thank you for your past administrative efforts. MadmanBot (talk) 00:05, 27 March 2012 (UTC)

Suspension of administrative permissions due to inactivity
Following a community discussion in June 2011, consensus was reached to provisionally suspend the administrative permissions of users who have been inactive for one year (i.e. administrators who have not made any edits or logged actions in over one year). As a result of this discussion, your administrative permissions have been removed pending your return. If you wish to have these permissions reinstated, please post to the Bureaucrats' noticeboard and the userright will be restored per the re-sysopping process (i.e. as long as the attending bureaucrats are reasonably satisfied that your account has not been compromised and that your inactivity did not have the effect of evading scrutiny of any actions which might have led to sanctions). This removal of access is procedural only, and not intended to reflect negatively upon you in any way. We wish you the best in future endeavors, and thank you for your past administrative efforts. WJBscribe (talk) 15:52, 1 April 2012 (UTC)

Notice of change
Hello. You are receiving this message because of a [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia_talk:Administrators&oldid=526254016#Restoration_of_the_tools_.28proposal.29 recent change] to the administrator policy that alters what you were told at the time of your desysopping. The effect of the change is that if you are inactive for a continuous three year period, you will be unable to request return of the administrative user right. This includes inactive time prior to your desysopping if you were desysopped for inactivity and inactive time prior to the change in policy. Inactivity is defined as the absence of edits or logged actions. Until such time as you have been inactive for three years, you may request return of the tools at the bureaucrats' noticeboard. After you have been inactive for three years, you may seek return of the tools only through WP:RFA. Thank you.  MBisanz  talk 00:20, 4 December 2012 (UTC)

Hey, remember me from 2006?
I wanted to let you know: "I think StandWithUs is a hack organization. They are overly biased and have no respect for truth." I thought you would appreciate this from me! SeattliteTungsten (talk) 07:00, 30 July 2014 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:05, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

Custom signature fix needed
Hi there! You have a custom signature set in your account preferences. A change to Wikipedia's software has made your current custom signature incompatible with the software.

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Wikipedia Wars and the Israel-Palestine conflict...please fill out my survey?
Hello :) I am writing my MA dissertation on Wikipedia Wars and the Israel-Palestine conflict, and I noticed that you have contributed to those pages. My dissertation will look at the process of collaborative knowledge production on the Israel-Palestine conflict, and the effect it has on bias in the articles. This will involve understanding the profiles and motivations of editors, contention/controversy and dispute resolution in the talk pages, and bias in the final article. For more information, you can check out my meta-wiki research page or my user page, where I will be posting my findings when I am done. I would greatly appreciate if you could take 5 minutes to fill out this quick survey before 8 August 2021.

You have been invited to take part because you are one of the top-ten contributors (according to https://xtools.wmflabs.org/articleinfo) to two of the articles in my corpus (top-importance articles related to Israel or Palestine) - Israeli West Bank Barrier and Ramallah. If you believe you have been invited to fill out this survey in error, my apologies and feel free to ignore this.

Participation in this survey is entirely voluntary and anonymous. There are no foreseeable risks nor benefits to you associated with this project. Thanks so much,

Sarah Sanbar

Sarabnas I'm researching Wikipedia Questions? 19:35, 31 July 2021 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ramallite


text:
User talk:Meuu~enwiki

Welcome!
Hi Meuu, and a warm welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you have enjoyed editing as much as I did so far and decide to stay. Unfamiliar with the features and workings of Wikipedia? Don't fret! Be Bold! Here's some good links for your reference and that'll get you started in no time!

""

Most Wikipedians would prefer to just work on articles of their own interest. But if you have some free time to spare, here are some open tasks that you may want to help out :

""

Oh yes, don't forget to sign when you write on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: ~. This will automatically add your name and the time after your comments. And finally, if you have any questions or doubts, don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Once again, welcome! =)

- Mailer Diablo 14:51, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Welcome
Hi! Welcome to Wikipedia. I came here from the Robert casey, Jr. talk page, where it seems you have left some comments. I am going to try to clean up that page to address NPOV concerns. I just wanted to remind you to sign your comments on talk pages by using four ~ It makes it much easier to follow the discussion and address concerns that are raised. Thanks! TMS63112 17:16, 27 January 2006 (UTC)

Hi, this is meuu, I plan to add my two cents to talk about the 2008 election.

For now, however, here is an interesting link:

http://www.politics1.com/p2008.htm

MORE LINKS
Here are some more:

http://2008-presidential-election.net/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008_United_States_third_party_presidential_candidates

http://www.voxunion.com/statement.html

Here are links to Green candidates or possible candidates:

http://www.elainebrown.org/

http://www.resetamerica.com/

http://web.mac.com/irenkangas/

http://kannforpresident.net/

http://www.gailparker.us/

http://www.allthingscynthiamckinney.com/

http://www.votenader.org/

http://www.rotzler4prez.com/

I met the following three people at this year's convention:

earlier page http://www.votekat.info/

presidential candidate page: http://prezkat.info/

http://www.mesplay.org/

http://www.voteforjoe.com/

Meuu 20:55, 28 July 2007 (UTC)meuu

=Where I live=

If you live in Pennsylvania let me know,,,, I am in Glenside Meuu 21:06, 28 July 2007 (UTC)meuu

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Meuu. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Meuu~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 01:46, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 16:16, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Meuu~enwiki


text:
User talk:CntryBmpkn

Welcome!
Hi CntryBmpkn, and a warm welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you have enjoyed editing as much as I did so far and decide to stay. Unfamiliar with the features and workings of Wikipedia? Don't fret! Be Bold! Here's some good links for your reference and that'll get you started in no time!

""

Most Wikipedians would prefer to just work on articles of their own interest. But if you have some free time to spare, here are some open tasks that you may want to help out :

""

Oh yes, don't forget to sign when you write on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: ~. This will automatically add your name and the time after your comments. And finally, if you have any questions or doubts, don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Once again, welcome! =)

- Mailer Diablo 14:51, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Non-free use disputed for Image:ColReb.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:ColReb.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted after seven days according to our Criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.BetacommandBot 12:04, 29 August 2007 (UTC)

Image source problem with Image:Towelie.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Towelie.jpg. I noticed that the file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you did not create this file yourself, you will need to specify the owner of the copyright. If you obtained it from a website, then a link to the website from which it was taken, together with a restatement of that website's terms of use of its content, is usually sufficient information. However, if the copyright holder is different from the website's publisher, their copyright should also be acknowledged.

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If you have uploaded other files, consider checking that you have specified their source and tagged them, too. You can find a list of files you have uploaded by following this link. Unsourced and untagged images may be deleted one week after they have been tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If the image is copyrighted under a non-free license (per Fair use) then the image will be deleted 48 hours after 19:07, 22 November 2007 (UTC). If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you. —Angr 19:07, 22 November 2007 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Towelie.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Towelie.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you. —Angr 19:07, 22 November 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:BlindJim.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:BlindJim.jpg. You've indicated that the image meets Wikipedia's criteria for non-free content, but there is no explanation of why it meets those criteria. Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. If you have any questions, please post them at Media copyright questions.

Thank you for your cooperation. NOTE: once you correct this, please remove the tag from the image's page. STBotI (talk) 07:50, 22 May 2008 (UTC)

title: User talk:CntryBmpkn


text:
User talk:Janitor

Welcome!
Hi Janitor, and a warm welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you have enjoyed editing as much as I did so far and decide to stay. Unfamiliar with the features and workings of Wikipedia? Don't fret! Be Bold! Here's some good links for your reference and that'll get you started in no time!

""

Most Wikipedians would prefer to just work on articles of their own interest. But if you have some free time to spare, here are some open tasks that you may want to help out :

""

Oh yes, don't forget to sign when you write on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: ~. This will automatically add your name and the time after your comments. And finally, if you have any questions or doubts, don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Once again, welcome! =)

- Mailer Diablo 14:51, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Revert
What is the meaning of this? Your edit summary is insufficient per WP:RV. What2do 14:03, 9 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Thank you for your response. I would like to apologize because I did not realize that I had written "southern regions of Canada". Yes, they are definitely not from Canada. Thanks for clarification. What2do 00:43, 10 July 2006 (UTC)

Image tagging for Image:Dangerfieldnewby.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Dangerfieldnewby.jpg. The image has been identified as not specifying the source and creator of the image, which is required by Wikipedia's policy on images. If you don't indicate the source and creator of the image on the image's description page, it may be deleted some time in the next seven days. If you have uploaded other images, please verify that you have provided source information for them as well.

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File source problem with File:Dangerfieldnewby.jpg
Thank you for uploading File:Dangerfieldnewby.jpg. I noticed that the file's description page currently doesn't specify who created the content, so the copyright status is unclear. If you did not create this file yourself, you will need to specify the owner of the copyright. If you obtained it from a website, please add a link to the page from which it was taken, together with a brief restatement of the website's terms of use of its content. If the original copyright holder is a party unaffiliated with the website, that author should also be credited. Please add this information by editing the image description page.

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title: User talk:Janitor


text: Category:Tivoid languages

title: Category:Tivoid languages


text:
Talk:Armenian needlelace

Much of the "History" section seems to have been lifted from "Armenia Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments", p.66. Are just a sentence or a few phrases copied from a source acceptable? The entire section seems to me to constitute close paraphrasing, which many consider to be plagiarism. 2600:1000:B107:6DAB:6CD4:EA42:C35B:A5A6 (talk) 23:55, 15 May 2017 (UTC)

'Purity' claim
What is a 'pure form' of needle(point) lace exactly? What's this supposed to be a contrast to? Some forms of needlepoint lace are worked on a temporary ground, but that's a standard technique so can hardly be considered 'impure'. Unless there's some evidence that this is a consensus term, I don't think it should be here. If it is a consensus term, I think it should be sourced and explained. I'm slightly familiar with needlepoint lace, but by no means am I well-versed in the subject, so I'm not saying this is not a standard term. It's just that it seems a bit odd given how very common it is for this kind of lace to use something beyond needle, thread and snips. --86.5.88.131 (talk) 01:13, 16 April 2022 (UTC)

Merge proposal
Support the March proposal to merge the new article on Armenian Lace into the existing Armenian needlelace, as this seems to be a synonym, subset or close-related topic. Klbrain (talk) 08:50, 30 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Armenian needlelace


text:
Kranji Reservoir

Kranji Reservoir (Chinese: 克兰芝蓄水池; Empangan Air Kranji) is a reservoir in the northern part of Singapore, near the Straits of Johor. It was a former freshwater river that flowed out into the sea that was dammed at its mouth to form a freshwater reservoir. It can also be classified as an estuary. The dam has a road bridging the two banks, and now prevents the sea from coming in, and is home to a marsh. The former Kranji River has three main tributaries - Sungei Peng Siang, Sungei Kangkar and Sungei Tengah.

Historical significance
Although known as a place for fishing and picnicking, the Kranji Reservoir Park is a historical site. A war memorial plaque tells visitors of the historical and violent past of this place. It was here that the Battle of Kranji took place. The Japanese army invaded Kranji in their plan to take Singapore during the Second World War.

Kranji Reservoir Park
In 1985 it became permissible to fish in the Kranji Reservoir Park. The Park now has two fishing areas, named A and B. The greenery around the park has made it a favorite haunt of picnickers.

Incidents
In 2002, a mother and two young children were picking shells from the shores of Kranji Reservoir when the PUB opened up the barrage to let water into the reservoir from the sea. Mother, son and daughter died. PUB later clarified that drownings were not due to the water release as the slow rise in water levels would not cause the trio to be swept off their feet, though it was not established how or why the tragedy happened. Additional precautionary measures have since been implemented such as sounding of a siren and patrol officers using loud hailers to warn people about the impending release of water. Additional warning signs have also been put up cautioning people not to get too near the reservoir.

title: Kranji Reservoir


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/USACAPOC

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was Keep, rewritten and everybody including the vfd nominator agrees it should be kept. Thue | talk 20:42, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)

USACAPOC
Probable joke; at least very POV Frjwoolley 14:54, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Real organization .  Article is clearly POV attack, but that could be fixed.  Wikibofh 15:14, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and neuter. :) — RJH 15:45, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I've rewritten it. It isn't perfect, but I think it's keepable. --Scimitar 15:54, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: You conflicted me while re-writing.  I agree yours is much better.  :)  Wikibofh 16:02, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: Sorry about that. Thanks for adding on that other stuff, my version was a little thin on numbers and links. --Scimitar 16:41, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Well heck, I agree now, too. Looks like a good article.  Keep.  Frjwoolley 16:10, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text: User talk:81.211.111.65

title: User talk:81.211.111.65


text:
Dendromecon rigida

Dendromecon rigida, also called bush poppy or tree poppy, is a shrub or small tree of the Papaveraceae native to California and Baja California.

Distribution and habitat
Dendromecon rigida occurs in Northern California in the foothills of the California Coast Ranges, Klamath Mountains, southwest Cascade Range, and western Sierra Nevada in the Montane and Interior chaparral and woodlands and other habitats.

It is found in the foothills of the Transverse Ranges and Peninsular Ranges and in other areas, in Interior and Montane chaparral and woodlands and other habitats, in Southern California and northern Baja California Peninsula.

The plants occur in these regions up to 1800 m in elevation. Plants grow on dry slopes and washes, and prefer areas that have just been burned.

Description
Dendromecon rigida is a small perennial shrub, rarely exceeding 3 m tall. The leaves are alternate, narrow lanceolate, 3–10 cm long, more than three times as long as broad. The margin of the leaves is finely toothed. The plant is evergreen and the leaves are somewhat leathery to the touch.

The inflorescences are solitary and terminal. The flowers are 2–7 cm diameter, with four satiny yellow petals. Plants bloom in late winter to mid-spring. The receptacle is funnel-shaped and surrounds the ovary base. Two sepals are shed when the flower blooms, and the petals are shed as well after pollination. There are many free stamens. Flowers bloom April to June.

The fruits produced are cylindric and dehiscent from the base; the fruits measure 5–10 cm long. The many seeds are smooth, brown or black, with a small pale outgrowth.

Varieties

 * Dendromecon rigida ssp. harfordii (former classification) — Channel Islands tree poppy; the current botanical name is Dendromecon harfordii.

Cultivation
Dendromecon rigida is cultivated as an ornamental plant by specialty plant nurseries. It is used in native plant and drought tolerant gardens and natural landscaping.

This poppy prefers fast draining soils but will grow well in clay soil if there is little to no water after it is established. It has a pH tolerance from 6 to 8 and a rainfall tolerance of 31 to 90 cm. This bush also prefers to be in full sun.

title: Dendromecon rigida


text:
Muwatta Imam Malik

The Muwaṭṭaʾ (الموطأ, "well-trodden path") or Muwatta Imam Malik (موطأ الإمام مالك) of Imam Malik (711–795) written in the 8th-century, is one of the earliest collections of hadith texts comprising the subjects of Islamic law, compiled by the Imam, Malik ibn Anas. Malik's best-known work, Al-Muwatta was the first legal work to incorporate and combine hadith and fiqh (except possibly for Zayd ibn Ali's Musnad).

Description
It is considered to be from the earliest extant collections of hadith that form the basis of Islamic jurisprudence alongside the Qur'an. It includes reliable hadith from the people of the Hijaz, as well as sayings of the companions, the followers and also those who came after them. The book covers rituals, rites, customs, traditions, norms and laws of the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

It is reported that Imam Malik selected for inclusion into the Muwatta just over 1900 narrations, from the 100,000 narrations he had available to him.

History
Due to increase in juristic differences, the Caliph of the time, Abū Ja‘far al-Manṣūr, requested Imām Mālik to produce a standard book that could be promulgated as law in the country. The Imam refused this in 148 AH (765/766 CE), but when the Caliph again came to the Ḥijāz in 163 AH (779/780 CE), he was more forceful and said:

"“O Abū ‘Abd Allāh, take up the reign of the discipline of fiqh in your hands. Compile your understanding of every issue in different chapters for a systematic book free from the harshness of ‘Abd Allāh b. ‘Umar, concessions and accommodations of ‘Abd Allāh b. ‘Abbās and unique views of ‘Abd Allāh b. Mas‘ūd. Your work should exemplify the following principle of the Prophet: “The best issues are those which are balanced.” It should be a compendium of the agreed upon views of the Companions and the elder imāms on the religious and legal issues. Once you have compiled such a work then we would be able to unite the Muslims in following the single fiqh worked by you. We would then promulgate it in the entire Muslim state. We would order that no body acts contrary to it.”"

Historical reports attest that another ‘Abbāsī caliph Harun al-Rashid too expressed similar wishes before Imām Mālik who remained unmoved. He, however, compiled Muwaṭṭa’, keeping before himself the target of removing the juristic differences between the scholars.

Authenticity
The work was composed over a forty-year period. According to Abu Hatim al-Razi it was called 'Muwatta' from the Arabic ("watta'a") meaning easy for the people. Malik said, "I showed this book of mine to seventy of the fuqaha of Madinah and all of them agreed with me ("wata'a") about it and so I called it the Muwatta.

The Muslim Jurist, Muhammad ibn Idris ash-Shafi`i also called Imam Al Shafi`i famously said, "There is not on the face of the earth a book – after the Book of Allah – which is more authentic than the book of Malik."

Over one thousand disciples of Malik have transmitted this work from him throughout his life, which resulted in differences in the text. There are many editions of the work - with sixteen being known today - of which the most famous is the one transmitted by Yahya ibn Yahya al-Laythi, who studied and received the Muwatta in the last year of Malik's life. Al-Laythi's recension is considered the 'vulgate' or standard version in the Maliki school of law.

The recension of the Muwatta produced by Ahmad ibn Abi Bakr al-Zuhri is approximately five to ten percent larger than the recension of al-Laythi.

Composition of al-Muwatta
Al-Muwatta consists of approximately 1,720 hadith divided amongst the following hadith terminology as follows:
 * 600 marfu` hadith
 * 613 mawquf hadith
 * 285 maqtu' hadith
 * 222 mursal hadiths

Distinguishing characteristics
Amin Ahsan Islahi has listed several distinguishing characteristics of the Muwatta:
 * 1) Its briefness (in size) yet comprehensiveness (in coverage).
 * 2) Malik did not accept any marfū‘ hadīth (ascribed to the Prophet) if it was not verbatim transmission of the words of the Muslim prophet Muhammad (he even gave consideration to letters, prepositions and particles like wāw, tā, bā etc. in them).
 * 3) No acceptance of Hadith from any innovator - this is a stricter standard than many other muhaddithun.
 * 4) Highly literary form of the classical Arabic. This helps readers develop the ability to understand the language of the prophetic traditions.

Commentaries on Al-Muwatta
Due to the importance of the Al-Muwatta to Muslims it has often been accompanied by commentaries, mostly but not exclusively by followers of the Maliki school. It's said that on the version transmitted by Yahya al-Laithi alone there are around a hundred commentaries.
 * Al Tamhid by Yusuf ibn abd al-Barr is organized according to the narrators which Malik narrates from, and includes extensive biographical information about each narrator in the chain.
 * al-Istidhkar, also by Ibn Abd al-Barr is more of a legal exegesis on the hadith contained in the book than a critical hadith study, as was the case with the former. It is said that the Istidhkar was written after the Tamhid, as Ibn Abd al Barr himself alludes to in the introduction. However, through close examination it is apparent that the author made revisions to both after their completion due to the cross referencing found in both.
 * Kitab al-Qabas fi Sharh Muwatta Malik ibn Anas  by Abu Bakr ibn al-Arabi. It is considered one of the best commentaries done on Muwatta Malik.
 * The explanation of Al-Suyuti, who although a follower of the Shafi`i school, wrote a small commentary to the Al-Muwatta.
 * Al-Musaffa Sharh al-Muwatta, Shah Wali Allah Dahlawi (al-Musaffa Sharh al-Muwatta in Persian). Shah Waliullah attached great importance to the Muwatta and penned another commentary in Urdu too.
 * Al-Muntaqâ sharh al-Muwatta of Abu al-Walid al-Baji, the Andalusian Mâlikî Qâdî, (Abû al-Walîd Sulaymân ibn Khalaf al-Bâjî, al-Muntaqâ sharh Muwatta’ Mâlik, edited by Muhammad ‘Abd al-Qâdir Ahmad ‘Atâ, Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1420/1999) Sharh al-Muwatta' has two versions: al-Istifa' and its abridgment al-Muntaqa.
 * Awjāz-ul-Masālik ilá Muwattā' Imām Mālik is a Deobandi commentary written by great scholar Muhammad Zakariya al-Kandahlawi. He began the work in 1927 in Medina while only 29 years old. It is said regarding this commentary  that Muhammad Ibn Al-Hasan Al-Alawi Al-Māliki said after reading this book that if the author did not mention in the introduction  that he is a Hanafi  I would not have known. Such was the brilliance of this work. It is also said that upon seeing the commentary, the Maliki scholars said, Qad Hannafal Muwatta, as a word of praise (meaning: that Shaykh Zakariya al-Kandahlawi wrote the book Awjāz-ul-Masālik ilá Muwattā' Imām Mālik in such a way that it seems like the Muwatta has become a Hanafi book).
 * Sharh Muwatta al-Malik by Muhammad al-Zurqani. It is considered to be based on three other commentaries of the Muwatta; the Tamhid and the Istidhkar of Yusuf ibn Abd al Barr, as well as the Al-Muntaqa of Abu al-Walid al-Baji.
 * Al-Imla' fi Sharh al-Muwatta in 1,000 folios, by Ibn Hazm.
 * Sharh Minhaaj by Subki.
 * Sharh Muwatta by Ali al-Qari

title: Muwatta Imam Malik


text:
Slavery in Japan

Japan had an official slave system from the Yamato period (3rd century A.D.) until Toyotomi Hideyoshi abolished it in 1590. Afterwards, the Japanese government facilitated the use of "comfort women" as sex slaves from 1932 to 1945. Prisoners of war captured by Japanese imperial forces were also used as slaves during the same period.

Early slavery in Japan
The export of a slave from Japan is recorded in the 3rd century Chinese historical record Wajinden, but it is unclear what system was involved, and whether this was a common practice at that time. These slaves were called seikō (生口 "living mouth").

In the 8th century, slaves were called Nuhi (奴婢) and laws were issued under the legal codes of the Nara and Heian periods, called Ritsuryousei (律令制). These slaves tended farms and worked around houses. Information on the slave population is questionable, but the proportion of slaves is estimated to have been around 5% of the population.

Slavery persisted into the Sengoku period (1467–1615) even though the attitude that slavery was anachronistic seems to have become widespread among elites. In 1590, slavery was officially banned under Toyotomi Hideyoshi; but forms of contract and indentured labor persisted alongside the period penal codes' forced labor. Somewhat later, the Edo period penal laws prescribed "non-free labor" for the immediate family of executed criminals in Article 17 of the Gotōke reijō (Tokugawa House Laws), but the practice never became common. The 1711 Gotōke reijō was compiled from over 600 statutes promulgated between 1597 and 1696.

Portuguese slave trade in Japan
After the Portuguese first made contact with Japan in 1543, a large-scale slave trade developed in which Portuguese purchased Japanese as slaves in Japan and sold them to various locations overseas, mostly in Portuguese-colonized regions of Asia such as Goa but including Argentina and Portugal itself, until it was formally outlawed in 1595. Many documents mention the large slave trade along with protests against the enslavement of Japanese. Although the actual number of slaves is debated, the proportions on the number of slaves tends to be exaggerated by some Japanese historians. At least several hundred Japanese people were sold; some of them were prisoners of war sold by their captors, others were sold by their feudal lords, and others were sold by their families to escape poverty. The Japanese slaves are believed to be the first of their nation to end up in Europe, and the Portuguese purchased a number of Japanese slave girls to bring to Portugal for sexual purposes, as noted by the Church in 1555. Sebastian of Portugal feared that this was having a negative effect on Catholic proselytization since the slave trade in Japanese was growing to larger proportions, so he commanded that it be banned in 1571. However, the ban of preventing Portuguese merchants of buying Japanese slaves failed and the trade continued into the late 16th century.

Japanese slave women were sometimes sold as concubines to Asian lascar and African crew members, along with their European counterparts serving on Portuguese ships trading in Japan, mentioned by Luis Cerqueira, a Portuguese Jesuit, in a 1598 document. Japanese slaves were brought by the Portuguese to Macau, where some of them not only ended up being enslaved to Portuguese, but as slaves to other slaves, with the Portuguese owning Malay and African slaves, who in turn owned Japanese slaves of their own.

Hideyoshi was so disgusted that his own Japanese people were being sold en masse into slavery on Kyushu, that he wrote a letter to Jesuit Vice-Provincial Gaspar Coelho on 24 July 1587 to demand the Portuguese, Siamese (Thai), and Cambodians stop purchasing and enslaving Japanese and return Japanese slaves who ended up as far as India. Hideyoshi blamed the Portuguese and Jesuits for this slave trade and banned Christian proselytizing as a result.

Some Korean slaves were bought by the Portuguese and brought back to Portugal from Japan, where they had been among the tens of thousands of Korean prisoners of war transported to Japan during the Japanese invasions of Korea (1592–98). Although Hideyoshi expressed his indignation and outrage at the Portuguese trade in Japanese slaves, he himself was engaging in a mass slave trade of Korean prisoners of war in Japan.

Filippo Sassetti saw some Chinese and Japanese slaves in Lisbon among the large slave community in 1578, although most of the slaves were black.

The Portuguese "highly regarded" Asian slaves like Chinese and Japanese. The Portuguese attributed qualities like intelligence and industriousness to Chinese and Japanese slaves which is why they favoured them.

In 1595, a law was passed by Portugal banning the selling and buying of Chinese and Japanese slaves, but forms of contract and indentured labor persisted alongside the period penal codes' forced labor. Somewhat later, the Edo period penal laws prescribed "non-free labor" for the immediate family of executed criminals in Article 17 of the Gotōke reijō (Tokugawa House Laws), but the practice never became common. The 1711 Gotōke reijō was compiled from over 600 statutes promulgated between 1597 and 1696.

Before World War II
Karayuki-san, literally meaning "Ms. Gone Abroad" were Japanese women who traveled to  or were trafficked to East Asia, Southeast Asia, Manchuria, Siberia and as far as  San Francisco in the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century to work as prostitutes, courtesans and geisha. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, there was a network of Japanese prostitutes being trafficked across Asia, in countries such as China, Vietnam, Korea, Singapore and India, in what was then known as the 'Yellow Slave Traffic'.

World War II
In the first half of the Shōwa era, as the Empire of Japan annexed Asian countries, from the late 19th century onwards, archaic institutions including slavery were abolished in those countries. However, during the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Pacific War, the Japanese military used millions of civilians and prisoners of war as forced labor, on projects such as the Burma Railway.

According to a joint study by historians including Zhifen Ju, Mitsuyoshi Himeta, Toru Kubo and Mark Peattie, more than 10 million Chinese civilians were mobilized by the Kōa-in (East Asia Development Board) for forced labour. According to the Japanese military's own record, nearly 25% of 140,000 Allied POWs died while interned in Japanese prison camps where they were forced to work (U.S. POWs died at a rate of 27%). More than 100,000 civilians and POWs died in the construction of the Burma Railway. The U.S. Library of Congress estimates that in Java, between 4 and 10 million romusha (Japanese: "manual laborer"), were forced to work by the Japanese military. About 270,000 of these Javanese laborers were sent to the Outer Islands and other Japanese-held areas in South East Asia. Only 52,000 were repatriated to Java.

During World War II the Japanese empire used various types of foreign labor from its colonies, Korea and Taiwan. Japan mobilized its colonial labor within the same legal framework that was applied to the Japanese. There were different procedures for mobilizing labor. The method used first, in 1939 was the recruitment by private companies under government supervision. In 1942 it was introduced the official mediation method, where the government was more directly involved. The outright conscription was applied from 1944 to 1945.

According to the Korean historians, approximately 670,000 Koreans, were conscripted into labor from 1944 to 1945 by the National Mobilization Law. About 670,000 of them were taken to Japan, where about 60,000 died between 1939 and 1945 due mostly to exhaustion or poor working conditions. Many of those taken to Karafuto Prefecture (modern-day Sakhalin) were trapped there at the end of the war, stripped of their nationality and denied repatriation by Japan; they became known as the Sakhalin Koreans. The total deaths of Korean forced laborers in Korea and Manchuria for those years is estimated to be between 270,000 and 810,000.

Since the end of the Second World War, numerous people have filed lawsuits against the state and/or private companies in Japan, seeking compensation based on suffering as the result of forced labor. The plaintiffs had encountered many legal barriers to be awarded damages, including: sovereign immunity; statutes of limitations; and waiver of claims under the San Francisco Peace Treaty.

According to the United States House of Representatives House Resolution 121, as many as 200,000 "comfort women" mostly from Korea and China, and some other countries and territories such as the Philippines, Taiwan, Burma, the Dutch East Indies, Netherlands, and Australia were forced into sexual slavery during World War II to satisfy Japanese Imperial Army and Navy members. Many of these women — particularly the Dutch and Australian women — were also used for hard physical labour, forced to work arduous tasks in the fields and roads such as digging graves, building roads and hoeing hard soil, in hellish heat while on starvation rations. While apologies have been handed out by the Japanese government and government politicians, including the Asian Women's fund, which grants donated financial compensations to former comfort women, the Japanese government has also worked to downplay its use of comfort women in recent times, claiming that all compensations for its war conduct were resolved with post-war treaties such as the Treaty of San Francisco, and, for example, asking the mayor of Palisades Park, New Jersey to take down a memorial in memory of the women.

Consequence
In 2018, South Korea's Supreme Court ruled that Japanese companies, including Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, owed compensation to Korean workers for forced labor during the Japanese colonial period. However, a later decision by the Seoul Central District Court created confusion by dismissing a case against Japanese firms, citing the 1965 Agreement on the Settlement of Problems concerning Property and Claims and on Economic Cooperation, which Japan argues settled the matter of compensation. This legal ambiguity has led to diplomatic tensions, affecting trade and security cooperation between the two countries.

In 2021, UNESCO reprimanded Japan for insufficient information about the history of forced labor at its industrial heritage sites, including Hashima Island (also known as "Battleship Island"), which is part of the Sites of Japan's Meiji Industrial Revolution. UNESCO highlighted Japan's failure to adequately acknowledge the use of Korean forced labor at these sites during World War II. Despite being a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Hashima Island and other locations like the Miike coal mine have a history of forced labor, including Korean laborers and, before that, convict labor.

title: Slavery in Japan


text:
Hush Puppies

Hush Puppies is an American brand of casual footwear. A division of Wolverine World Wide, Hush Puppies is headquartered in Rockford, Michigan. Wolverine also licenses the Hush Puppies name for apparel, toys and accessories.

Hush Puppies uses a basset hound named Jason as its logo.

History
The Hush Puppies brand was founded in 1958 following extensive work by Wolverine to develop a practical method of pigskin tanning for the US military to use in gloves and other protective materials. Pigskin was soft and flexible, but not tough enough to be used in Wolverine's work boots; the company developed a pair of casual shoes from the pigskin to market as a comfort brand. The casual lifestyle positioning appealed to the growing post-war suburbia in the United States; by mid-1959 the company had produced its first million pairs and by 1963 one in ten adults in the United States owned a pair of Hush Puppies.

1990s resurgence
In 1994, when sales were down to 30,000 pairs a year, Hush Puppies suddenly became hip in the clubs and bars of downtown Manhattan where young people were buying them at small shoe stores. Fashion designers John Bartlett, Anna Sui, and Joel Fitzpatrick began featuring them in their collections; the shoes were soon worn by celebrities such as Kenneth Clarke, Princess Diana, Jim Carrey, Sharon Stone, David Bowie, Tom Hanks, Ellen DeGeneres and Sylvester Stallone. Hush Puppies also benefited from the trend toward dressing-down at work, filling the fashion gap between sneakers and dress shoes. Depending on word of mouth, Wolverine sold 430,000 pairs of the shoes in 1995, and four times that the following year. Hush Puppies won the prize for best accessory at the Council of Fashion Designers awards dinner in 1995.

Hush Puppies' rapid rise in popularity was used as an example of a tipping point by journalist Malcolm Gladwell.

In popular culture
Hush Puppies claimed their rubber soles saved the life of Rolling Stones guitarist Keith Richards when he accidentally touched his guitar against an ungrounded microphone at a 1965 concert in Sacramento, California. Richards was knocked unconscious, but medics believed that the crepe-soled Hush Puppies shoes he was wearing insulated him and saved his life.

Hush Puppy shoes are referenced in a number of songs, including Jimmy Buffett's "Come Monday", Oran "Juice" Jones's "The Rain", and Pete Townshend's "Rough Boys".

Mikhail Gorbachev invited the brand to be the first American company to do business in the Soviet Union.

The shoes were worn by Forrest Gump in the film Forrest Gump.

title: Hush Puppies


text:
Zeromancer

Zeromancer is a Norwegian industrial rock band formed in 1999 by members of the band Seigmen. The current lineup is Alex Møklebust (vocals), Kim Ljung (bass guitar/backup vocals), Noralf Ronthi (drums), Lorry Kristiansen (programming) and Per-Olav Wiik (lead guitar). They have released seven studio albums; the latest, Orchestra of Knives, was released in 2021.

Formation and Clone Your Lover (1999–2000)
The core of Zeromancer met in the influential Norwegian band Seigmen. During the 1990s, Seigmen dominated the Norwegian rock scene and also made a name for themselves internationally, playing concerts abroad. When Seigmen split in January 2000, Kim Ljung (bass guitar/backup vocals) and Erik Ljunggren (programming) went to Los Angeles and got an idea for a new band called Zeromancer. Two more members of Seigmen joined them in Los Angeles: Alex Møklebust (vocals) and Noralf Ronthi (drums). James Saes recorded the first demos with the band and stood in as their guitar player. A little later, the band was complete, when they joined with Chris Schleyer (guitar), formerly of Kidneythieves and Prick which was released under Trent Reznor's label Nothing Records.

On 13 March 2000, Zeromancer released their first album, Clone Your Lover. The title track was a minor hit at many clubs and venues. The album also won Zeromancer the award for the best newcomer of 2000 at the German Alternative Music Awards. A music video was created for the song "Clone Your Lover".

Eurotrash and US tour (2001–2003)
In 2001, Zeromancer released the album Eurotrash, which featured a cover version of the song "Send Me an Angel" by Australian band Real Life, the original having been a major hit in 1983. A music video was created for the song "Dr Online".

In spring 2003, coinciding with the US reissue of Clone Your Lover, the band toured in the United States with the early 1990s bands Pigface and My Life with the Thrill Kill Kult. This tour did much to increase Zeromancer's fanbase in the United States. The tour also let Zeromancer take a break from recording their third studio album, working on it after the tour was over.

Zzyzx, Chris Schleyer departure and hiatus (2003–2006)
In autumn 2003, Zeromancer released their third album, Zzyzx. The songs on the album were a lot calmer than the first two albums, which fans had not expected. The name comes from a street sign that the band saw while touring in the United States. In San Bernardino County, California, there is a place named Zzyzx Springs, which was named to ensure that it would be last in the index of all US place names. A music video was created for the song "Erotic Saints".

Following the release, Chris Schleyer left the band and joined A Perfect Circle as a rehearsal guitarist. In 2007, he created his new band Affected and worked with Nine Inch Nails on their tour.

The band went on hiatus for three years. During this time, Kim Ljung created his solo project, Ljungblut, and recorded a double-CD with Dan Heide. Alex Møklebust did some producing for a few Norwegian bands (such as Gåte and Don Juan Dracula) and Erik Ljunggren has lent his programming skills to a number of other artists (Satyricon, Undergod) and began to study at a film school in Lillehammer. Seigmen also reunited for some concerts and recorded a live CD and DVD.

Sinners International, The Death of Romance and current events (2006–present)
Zeromancer returned in fall 2006 and began touring again. An early ten-track demo from the oval room was recorded. They released a single titled "Doppelgänger I Love You". It was played in Europe, peaking at number 4 on the Deutsche Alternative Charts. There was also a music video created for the song. It has since been leaked to the internet. The song is from an upcoming Zeromancer album called Sinners International. On 22 October 2007, Zeromancer released their second single, titled "I'm Yours to Lose", from their upcoming album; it was released on a CD single which includes a remix of "Doppelgänger I Love You".

In an interview with heavy-metal.de with Kim Ljung on 22 August 2007, Kim was asked about the new album:

'''Your last CD "ZZYZX" was softer than your preceding two albums. What can we expect from the new album "Sinners International"?'''

"All albums of Zeromancer are different, because we are writing and recording the songs at different times. Our guiding principle is that we're never making over a song. There are many bands who do the same over and over again. We are always trying to change us, not at least to feel alive. I think the new album will sound differently than all three before. It will be like a combination of all CDs. Take the deeper meaning, put in all the things we liked and blend everything to something new. So, we hope to exceed the best."

Lorry Kristiansen replaced Erik on keyboards and programming.

A post on their official website, zeromancer.com, announced the release date for Sinners International as 13 February 2009, with a tour to follow in March.

The band released the It Sounds Like Love (But It Looks Like Sex) EP in October 2009. It contains remixes of tracks from Sinners International and of their Depeche Mode cover "Photographic".

Zeromancer released their fifth album, The Death of Romance, on 6 March 2010, releasing the track "Industrypeople" as the first single of the album. A video for the track was made though it was not released until 2012. They also released several videos for "Zeromancer TV" with touring updates.

After "The Death of Romance Tour" was done, Zeromancer almost immediately got back into the studio to work on their sixth album. On 25 January 2013, the band released Bye-Bye Borderline. A new single, "Underground", was released on their best-of album Something for the Pain, which was released 1 November 2013.

Their seventh studio album, Orchestra of Knives, was released 24 September 2021.

Music
Zeromancer's music is largely industrial rock, similar to Celldweller, KMFDM, Die Krupps, Stabbing Westward, Oomph!, Orgy, Pitchshifter, and Rammstein. Elements of synthpop are in some of their work, with similarities to that of Depeche Mode.

Current

 * Alex Møklebust – vocals (1999–present)
 * Kim Ljung – bass, backing vocals (1999–present)
 * Noralf Ronthi – drums (1999–present)
 * Lorry Kristiansen – keyboard, programming (2003–present)
 * Per-Olav Wiik - guitar (2018-present)

Former

 * Chris Schleyer – guitar (1999–2003)
 * Erik Ljunggren – keyboard, programming (1999–2003)
 * Dan Heide – guitar (2003–2018)

Singles/EPs

 * 2000: "Clone Your Lover"
 * 2001: "Doctor Online"
 * 2001: "Need You Like a Drug"
 * 2003: "Famous Last Words"
 * 2007: "Doppelgänger I Love You"
 * 2007: "I'm Yours to Lose"
 * 2009: It Sounds Like Love (But It Looks Like Sex) (EP)
 * 2021: Damned le Monde (EP)
 * 2021: "Mourners"
 * 2021: "Terminal Love"

Music videos

 * 2000: "Clone Your Lover"
 * 2001: "Doctor Online"
 * 2003: "Erotic Saints"
 * 2007: "Doppelgänger I Love You"
 * 2010: "Industrypeople"

In other media

 * An edited version of Zeromancer's song "Chrome Bitch" was used as part of the opening bumper for the syndicated radio program Loveline.
 * "Flirt with me" was used in a Norwegian program called Singel 24-7 on TV3.
 * "Dr. Online (Rico remix)" appears on the Graver's Paradise album, remixed by Rico Darum. Another version of "Dr. Online" appears on Non-Stop Ride, an industrial album compiled by the band Godhead.
 * "Cupola" appears on Beauty in Darkness Vol. 6.

Etymology
Zeromancer derived their name by combining the titles of the novels Less than Zero by Bret Easton Ellis and Neuromancer by William Gibson.

title: Zeromancer


text:
File:Behind the music.jpg

Rationale
Cover art for the album "Behind The Music" by The Soundtrack of our Lives

title: File:Behind the music.jpg


text:
Princeton Charter School

The Princeton Charter School (PCS) is a K-8 Charter school in Princeton, New Jersey. Admission to the school is by lottery, available to all residents of the town, and free of charge. The school was founded in 1997, following the passage, by the New Jersey Legislature, of the Charter School Program Act of 1995. From the original class of 72, the school has grown to around 400 students. Students from the school go on to Princeton High School or one of several private schools in and around Princeton. The Charter School is a top academic performer statewide, especially in standardized testing, with 91% of students proficient in math and 92% of students proficient in reading. In 2019, the school was ranked as having the best teachers in the state by Niche.com. The main focus of Princeton Charter School's academics is on "core academic skills", with an emphasis on English and mathematics, which meet daily for one hour, while classes such as history and science meet daily for 45 minutes. A silent reading period is built into the schedule for students to receive individual help, as well as three recess period for all grades.

As of the 2022–23 school year, the school had an enrollment of 424 students and 41.4 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.3:1. Enrollment by Race/Ethnicity was Asian (200), White (143), Hispanic (16), Black (16), two or more races (46), Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander (3), and Native American (0). There were 40 students in kindergarten, while the largest classes were 4th-8th with 50 (there were 48 students in the 7th grade). There were 203 male students and 219 female students. There are about 50 students in each grade, with smaller class sizes intended to provide a more "close-knit" atmosphere for students, and to allow them “to be known and to feel known”.

Founding
The idea of the school was conceived in 1996 following the passage of the Charter School Program Act of 1995 by a group of local parents who wanted a “rigorous curricula, with well-defined grade-by-grade outcomes in line with state, national, and international standards, focusing on cumulative acquisition of knowledge and skills in academic areas.” After trying to work through the local schools, the decision was made to establish a charter school. This announcement was controversial, especially on the local school board, which feared that the school would be a financial drain on the school district's resources. On October 14, 1997, the Regional Board of Education passed a resolution urging the state Department of Education to "deny any waivers or changes that would increase the approved rate of growth of the Princeton Charter School." In November, School Board Vice President Michael Littman stated that the school board's policy would be "to interact with the Charter School at the minimum level required by law." Reasons for the opposition were based on fears of lack of accountability and a negative financial impact on Princeton Public Schools.

Once the charter was drawn up, the founders searched for employees and a building, settling on a former office building in North Princeton, which was purchased for 2.8 million dollars. In May 1997, the school hired its first Head of School, Charles Marsee.

A third of all parents with children eligible for the school applied, and the school opened in 1997. In its first year, the school had high test scores, and the second school year began in 1998.

Early years
Princeton Charter School was the first charter school in the nation accredited by the American Academy of Liberal Education when it was accredited in 2002.

In September of that year, the school completed its K-4 building and opened it to students. That same month, the United States Department of Education named Princeton Charter School a No Child Left Behind Blue Ribbon School. Five years later, work began on the campus center addition.

2016 expansion proposal
The school completed the campus center addition in 2010. In late 2016, Princeton Charter School submitted a request to the New Jersey Department of Education to expand enrollment by 76 students within two years, planning as well to introduce a weighted lottery, prompting debate and legal action from Princeton Public Schools. On March 20, 2018, Princeton Public Schools board member Dafna Kendal proposed that PPS would cease its litigation if PCS agreed to limit its number of admitted students. In response, Paul Josephson, president of the PCS Board of Trustees, emphasized that the spot of any student offered admission would be protected, but refused to directly answer Kendal's proposal.

The expansion, currently under construction, will add four classrooms, a new cafeteria, and an expanded parking lot. Additionally, two amphitheaters will be added, as well as new playground equipment and a relocated basketball court. Electric vehicle charging stations are also being considered for the parking lot.

COVID-19
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Princeton Charter School switched to a remote learning schedule starting March 16, 2020.

Awards and recognition
In 2023, the school was one of nine schools in New Jersey, and the only charter school, that was recognized as a National Blue Ribbon School by the United States Department of Education.

Mission
Princeton Charter School's mission statement claims that the school aims to "provide its diverse student body the best possible education by focusing on the fundamental academic disciplines in an atmosphere that affirms academic achievement and, in so doing, to offer the community true choice in public education."

Admission
Princeton Charter School admits students through a lottery system, weighted for students who are economically disadvantaged in order to "reduce achievement gaps by eliminating an important cause — the insufficient mastery of basic knowledge and skills required for further academic achievement.” The lottery system also has a sibling preference, in which a student's sibling can be admitted to the school without their name being drawn, which according to Head of School Lawrence Patton "played a significant part in increasing the number of economically disadvantaged students".

Curriculum
Princeton Charter School places great emphasis on teaching students in their younger years, and begins serious education earlier than many other schools. The curriculum mostly focuses on language arts, mathematics, science, history and geography, foreign languages, and the arts.

Students must complete certain "milestones" for each grade. For example, the first grade English milestone requires students to be able to read a text at the level of Dr. Seuss, the sixth-grade physical education milestone involves running a half-mile, and the eighth-grade French milestone consists of a presentation given about a work of art.

The curriculum is reviewed in all subjects by parents, educators, and outside experts as part of the school's Curriculum Committee process.

Sports
Princeton Charter School has a variety of sports teams, listed below:

 * Boys Basketball
 * Girls Basketball
 * Cross Country
 * Field Hockey
 * Boys Lacrosse
 * Girls Lacrosse
 * Soccer

Cross country home meets are held at the nearby Smoyer Park. Field Hockey and soccer home games are held on the athletic field.

Clubs
Princeton Charter School has a variety of clubs, including a jazz ensemble for grades 5-8 and a Mathcounts team, as well as an orchestra, piano ensemble, an art club, and a chess club. The school's National Science Bowl team won the regional finals in 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, and 2023 and moved on to the national competition in Washington, D.C. The school's Operation Smile club, founded in 2017, was named "Best New Club of the Year" at Operation Smile's International Student Leadership Conference in July 2018.

Administration
The administration of Princeton Charter School consists of the head of school and two assistant heads of school, one in charge of the K-4 Division, one in charge of the 5-8 Division. The current head of school is Lawrence Patton, while the K-4 and 5-8 assistant heads of school are Gail Wilbur and Lisa Eckstrom, respectively.

Campus
The school is located on a seven-acre plot in north-western Princeton. There are two main school buildings, the 5-8 building, a three-story former office building renovated between 1997 and 1999, and the K-4 building, designed by Princeton University architect Ralph Lerner.

Other buildings
In 2010, the Campus Center addition was completed, a 17,000 square foot facility including a black-box theater, a gymnasium, and art classrooms. All students have daily classes in the Campus Center.

The administrative offices are located in the Marsee Center, an 1800s farmhouse at the north end of the campus named for former head of school Charles Marsee. The campus also contains a large field, used for sports, and a playground.

Transportation
Princeton Charter School's transportation is mainly provided by the regional school district.

title: Princeton Charter School


text:
Talk:Shinano River

untitled
it is a youthful river it floods has steep gradient lots of discharge has floodplains. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.38.32.85 (talk) 04:49, 25 November 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Shinano River


text:
Talk:Princeton Charter School

Untitled
Please expand this. This is a very notable school.

 * It appears that the quote box explaining the lottery admission to the Charter School is not big enough for the text. Someone should try to fix this, as it does not look very good the way it is now. Paris456 00:18, 27 March 2007 (UTC)

Field Hockey
A recent unreferenced edit added "and a boy" to the mention of the field hockey team. Is it coed now? Banaticus (talk) 02:50, 18 April 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Princeton Charter School


text:
Topsham railway station

Topsham railway station is the railway station serving the town of Topsham in the English county of Devon. It is the passing place for the otherwise single-track branch line from Exmouth Junction to Exmouth. Both the loop and adjacent level crossing are remotely worked from the signal box at Exmouth Junction.

History
The station, with buildings designed by Sir William Tite, opened with the railway on 1 May 1861. On 23 September 1861 a 700 yd branch was opened from the south end of the station, which dropped steeply to the wharf on the River Exe.

The station was initially owned by the London and South Western Railway. In 1923 this became a constituent of the Southern Railway which, in turn was nationalised in 1948. Following the privatisation of British Rail it was operated by Wessex Trains but the franchise has now been transferred to Great Western Railway.

Facilities
There is a ticket machine on platform 1, and waiting areas on both platforms. Both platforms have step-free access.

Services
All trains on the Avocet Line from Exmouth to Exeter St Davids and Paignton call at Topsham.

Connections are available at Exeter Central for Barnstaple also Honiton and other stations to London Waterloo via Salisbury; passengers for other main line stations should change at Exeter St Davids.

title: Topsham railway station