text:
September 1972

The following events occurred in September 1972:

September 1, 1972 (Friday)

 * In the 21st game of chess for the World Chess Championship 1972, Bobby Fischer of the United States won the title, as defending champ Boris Spassky of the Soviet Union resigned. Under a system of one point for a win and ½ for a draw, the first to get 12½ points would win the matches played at Reykjavík, Iceland. Fischer's prize money was $154,677.50.
 * Raúl Sendic, leader of the Uruguayan guerilla group the Tupamaros, was captured after a shootout.
 * The United States formally dropped all claims to the Swan Islands and recognized the sovereignty of Honduras over the disputed territory.
 * A fire at the Blue Bird Café in Montreal killed 37 people. The blaze was set by three men who had been kicked out of the Wagon Wheel Bar earlier in the evening.
 * Bye, Bye, Blackboard, the last Woody Woodpecker cartoon and last cartoon produced by Walter Lantz Productions, was released.

September 2, 1972 (Saturday)

 * Milt Pappas of the Chicago Cubs had retired 26 batters and was one player away from a perfect game. Larry Stahl of the San Diego Padres reached the plate and was one strike away (2–2), then one pitch away (3–2).  The final pitch was close, but umpire Bruce Froemming called it  "ball four" instead of "strike three", turning the 8–0 Cubs win into a mere no-hitter.
 * The Soviet hockey team defeated Team Canada, 7-3, at the Montreal Forum, in the first game of the Summit Series between the two nations. Fans of the Canadian team, composed of National Hockey League stars who had confidently predicted that they would win all eight of the games scheduled against the Soviets, were stunned at the loss. The Canadian team had Ken Dryden and Tony Esposito as goaltenders, and included Phil Esposito and Bobby Clarke as forwards. "
 * The Confederation of Arab Republics was created between Egypt, Libya and Syria.
 * Died: Reggie Harding, 30, former Detroit Pistons star, died the day after being shot in the head.

September 3, 1972 (Sunday)

 * The elections for the Khmer Republic's 126-member National Assembly took place. Because of a presidential decree designed to give President Lon Nol's Social Republican Party an advantage, the other parties withdrew from participating.  The Socio-Republicans won all 126 seats on what was claimed to be a 78% turnout.
 * Born: Patty Cake, popular resident of New York City's Central Park Zoo as the gorilla born in captivity in the city; in Manhattan, New York City (d. 2013)

September 4, 1972 (Monday)

 * Mark Spitz became the first competitor to win seven medals at a single Olympic Games, swimming as part of the American team in the 400 meter relay.
 * Bob Barker began a 35-year run as host of one of America's most popular game shows, as The New Price Is Right was shown for the first time on CBS. Barker would host the show (later simply The Price Is Right) until June 15, 2007.
 * Armed robbers stole 18 paintings, including a Rembrandt, along with 38 pieces of jewelry and figurines from the Montreal Museum of Fine Arts, in the largest theft of private property in Canadian history. Except for one painting returned during abortive efforts to negotiate a ransom, none of the pieces of art work have ever been recovered, nor has anyone been charged.

September 5, 1972 (Tuesday)

 * What would end as the Munich massacre began at the 1972 Summer Olympics were in progress, eight members of the Palestinian terrorist group Black September broke into the Olympic Village in Munich, killed two members of Israel's Olympic team, and took nine others hostage. A rescue attempt the next day would end in disaster.
 * Died:
 * Yossef Romano, 32, Israeli weightlifter
 * Moshe Weinberg, 33, Israeli wrestling coach

September 6, 1972 (Wednesday)

 * The Munich massacre took place following a bungled attempt by West Germany police to rescue kidnapped members of the Israeli Olympic team, held at Fürstenfeldbruck airport, Palestinian gunmen murdered all nine of their hostages. Five of the terrorists and one policeman died. The Olympic Games resumed after a brief interruption.
 * In the U.S. Virgin Islands, eight employees and tourists were killed in a mass shooting at the Fountain Valley Golf Club course on the island of St. Croix. Five men would later be convicted of the crime.
 * Born:
 * China Miéville, British fantasy novelist; in Norwich, Norfolk
 * Anika Noni Rose, American actress, 2004 Tony Award winner; in Bloomfield, Connecticut
 * Died:
 * David Mark Berger, 28, Israeli weightlifter
 * Ze'ev Friedman, 28, Israeli weightlifter
 * Yossef Gutfreund, 30, Israeli wrestling referee
 * Eliezer Halfin, 24, Israeli wrestler
 * Amitzur Shapira, 30, Israeli athletics coach
 * Kehat Shorr, 53, Israeli shooting coach
 * Mark Slavin, 18, Israeli wrestler
 * Andre Spitzer, 37, Israeli fencing coach
 * Yakov Springer, 51, Israeli weightlifting judge
 * Luttif Afif, Palestinian terrorist who kidnapped Israeli athletes, along with four accomplices

September 7, 1972 (Thursday)

 * Prime Minister Indira Gandhi gave scientists at the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre the go-ahead to manufacture India's first nuclear bomb. India became the world's fifth nuclear power with the successful explosion of the bomb on May 18, 1974.
 * The Soviet Union's Council of Ministers issued a directive to amend Section 74 of the Soviet Regulations on Communications, providing that "The use of telephonic communications ... for aims contrary to the interest of the State and to public order is forbidden." Under the regulation, telephone service was disconnected for dissidents without formally charging them with a crime.

September 8, 1972 (Friday)

 * In retaliation for the killing of nine Israeli Olympic athletes in the Munich massacre, Israel's air force bombed Palestinian strongholds in Syria and Lebanon.
 * The British situation comedy Are You Being Served?, about employees of a department store, was first telecast, running until 1985.
 * Born:
 * Os du Randt, South African rugby union forward; in Elliot, Eastern Cape
 * Patrick McGlynn, Scottish guitarist for the Bay City Rollers; in Edinburgh

September 9, 1972 (Saturday)

 * A link between Kentucky's Mammoth Cave and the adjacent Flint Ridge Cave System was discovered by explorers from the Cave Research Foundation, creating the longest cave passageway in the world, 144.4 mi from one end to the other.
 * At the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, the American men's basketball team, which had 64 victories and no defeats since the sport was added in 1936, lost to the Soviet Union, 51–50, on a shot at the buzzer by Alexander Belov. The U.S. team had been ahead, 50–49, when time first ran out, but Olympic officials added three seconds to the clock. The Soviets won the gold medal, and the Americans voted unanimously to refuse the silver medal.
 * The three American television networks introduced their new cartoon schedules on the same morning. Among the new series being shown for the first time was Fat Albert and the Cosby Kids.
 * Charles B. DeBellevue became the last American flying ace, registering a fifth and sixth shootdown, the most during the Vietnam War.
 * Born: Natasha Kaplinsky, British news anchor; in Brighton, East Sussex

September 10, 1972 (Sunday)

 * Brazilian driver Emerson Fittipaldi won the Italian Grand Prix at Monza and became, at age 25, the youngest Formula One world champion.
 * Frank Shorter of the United States won the marathon at the Olympic Games in Munich, finishing with a time of 2:12:19.8.
 * The United States used its United Nations Security Council veto power for only the second time since the formation of the UN in 1945, killing a General Assembly resolution that demanded a halt to Israel's reprisals against Palestinian guerillas in Syria and Lebanon.
 * Born:
 * Ghada Shouaa, Syrian heptathlete and Olympic gold medalist in 1996; in Mhardeh
 * Katsuya "Rio" Tahara, Japanese snowboarder; in Nagano

September 11, 1972 (Monday)

 * Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) began operation on a 28 mi run between Oakland and Fremont, and would later expand to connect San Francisco and other points in the area.
 * At the request of White House aide John Ehrlichman, John Dean met with IRS Commissioner Johnnie Walters and gave him a list of 490 individuals to investigate. Walters consulted with Treasury Secretary Schultz the next day, who directed him to do nothing.
 * Died: Max Fleischer, 89, American animator and founder of Fleischer Studios

September 12, 1972 (Tuesday)

 * Nearly four years after it was proposed by President Nixon, the federal revenue sharing plan, which would transfer $5.3 billion of U.S. government revenues to state and local governments, was approved by the Senate, 64–20. The measure had passed the House, 275–122, on June 22.
 * The attack on two British fishing trawlers, by the Icelandic gunboat ICGV Aegir, triggered the second Cod War between the UK and Iceland.
 * The television show Maude premiered on CBS-TV at 8:00 pm, opposite the premiere on ABC of Temperatures Rising.
 * Born: Budi Putra, Indonesian journalist; in Payakumbuh, West Sumatra

September 13, 1972 (Wednesday)

 * Fifty-four North Korean members of its Red Cross delegation crossed the border at Panmunjom at 10:00 a.m. and were welcomed by their South Korean counterparts, in the first visit by North Korean officials since the end of the Korean War.
 * More than 30 people, mostly schoolchildren, drowned when a ferry across the Kerian River (in Malaysia's Perak state) capsized. Some children were able to swim to safety, but most drowned in 40 ft waters.
 * Air Mauritius, the national airline of Mauritania, made its first flight, five years after the company's founding, with a six-seat Piper PA-31 Navajo airplane that flew every Wednesday from Port Louis to Rodrigues and back again. Twenty-five years later, the Air Mauritius fleet would have four Airbus A340-300s, three Boeing 767s, two Boeing 747s, two ATR 42 turboprop carriers, and two Bell 206 helicopters.
 * Born: Kelly Chen (Vivian Chen Wai Man), Hong Kong singer; in Hong Kong
 * Died: Zoel Parenteau, American composer; in Englewood, New Jersey

September 14, 1972 (Thursday)

 * Pope Paul VI issued a motu proprio, rejecting calls to allow women to have any formal ministerial role in the Roman Catholic Church. "In accordance with the venerable tradition of the Church," the Pope proclaimed, "installation in the ministries of lector and acolyte is reserved to men."
 * More than 33 years after the outbreak of World War II, West Germany and Poland restored diplomatic relations. East Germany had been an ally of Poland since that nation's establishment in 1949.
 * The People's Republic of China made its first commitment ever to purchasing food from the U.S., as U.S. Secretary of Agriculture Earl Butz announced that China had placed an order to buy 15 million bushels of U.S. wheat.
 * The Waltons, based on producer Earl Hamner's reminiscences of his rural childhood, began a ten-season run on CBS. The setting was the fictional "Jefferson County, Virginia" in the 1930s.
 * That Championship Season, written by Jason Miller, made its Broadway debut at the Booth Theatre for the first of exactly 700 performances. It would run until April 21, 1972, and win the 1973 Tony Award for Best Play.
 * Born: Notah Begay III, American Indian golfer; in Albuquerque

September 15, 1972 (Friday)

 * A federal grand jury indicted the five Watergate burglars, along with E. Howard Hunt and G. Gordon Liddy. On the same day, White House staff attorney John Dean met with President Nixon for the first time concerning the scandal.  In the meeting, which lasted from 5:27 to 6:17, they discussed the covering up of the White House role in the Watergate break-in.  Dean would testify about his memory of the discussion at the Watergate hearings on June 25, 1973, unaware that Oval Office conversations were all recorded at Nixon's request.  Nixon, Chief of Staff H.R. Haldeman, and Dean, discussed plans to take revenge on the President's enemies.  "They are asking for it and they are going to get it," commented Nixon, adding "We haven't used the Bureau and we haven't used the Justice Department, but things are going to change now.  They're going to get it right."
 * South Vietnam's army regained control of the city of Quảng Trị, more than three months after the provincial capital had been captured by North Vietnamese forces.
 * SAS Flight 130 was hijacked over Sweden by three members of the Croatian National Resistance terrorist group, after taking off from Gothenburg to Stockholm. The four crew and the other 83 passengers were held hostage as the DC-9 jet was diverted to Malmö.  As a condition of release of the hostages, seven Croatian terrorists imprisoned in Sweden were set free and allowed to leave the country.
 * Born: Jimmy Carr, British comedian; in Hounslow, London
 * Died: Geoffrey Fisher, 85, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1945 to 1961

September 16, 1972 (Saturday)

 * At least 103 people were killed in the collapse of the Colgante Bridge, during the festival for Our Lady of Peñafrancia, near Naga City in the Philippines. At 4:30 in the afternoon, the wooden bridge fell apart under the weight of spectators, plunging people and debris into the Bicol River.
 * "Deep Throat" (later revealed to be FBI Associate Director W. Mark Felt) listened over the telephone to reporter Bob Woodward's draft of a story on Watergate and confirmed an anonymous tip that money from Maurice Stans had been used to finance the Watergate break-in.
 * The Bob Newhart Show began a successful seven-season run on CBS, giving the master of the telephone monologue a situation comedy role as Chicago psychologist Dr. Robert Hartley. A variety show of the same name had appeared on NBC from 1961 to 1962.

September 17, 1972 (Sunday)

 * In the first release of prisoners of war since 1969, North Vietnam released three American POWs. Navy Lieutenants Norris Charles and Markham Gartley and Air Force Major Edward Elias were provided civilian clothes and then allowed to stay in Hanoi with an American welcoming team. Another 539 American POWs remained in captivity, and more than 1,000 Americans listed as missing in action were unaccounted for.
 * 1,000 soldiers of the "Uganda People's Militia" invaded Uganda from Tanzania. The Ugandan Army would repel the invasion after two weeks of fighting.
 * The popular television series M*A*S*H began an eleven-season run, eight years longer than the Korean War which provided its setting.

September 18, 1972 (Monday)

 * Former Japanese Foreign Minister Zentaro Kosaka publicly apologized, on behalf of Japan, at a banquet in Beijing for Japan's atrocities against China prior to and during World War II.

September 19, 1972 (Tuesday)

 * A parcel bomb sent to the Israeli Embassy in London killed Ami Schachori, the agricultural attaché, who was scheduled to return home after four years abroad. Another bomb arrived at the Israeli Embassy in Paris later in the day, but was disarmed.  Both packages had been sent from Amsterdam.  Other packages were delivered the next day in New York and Montreal, and defused.
 * The Oakland A's began a game in which they would use 30 players in a 15-inning game against the Chicago White Sox, setting a Major League Baseball record that still stands. The game also broke a major league record for most players used by both teams (51) in a game.  The White Sox, at second place in the American League West division, beat the first place A's, 8 to 7 when the game ended at 12:59 the next morning after 4 hours and 41 minutes of play.
 * Born Ashot Nadanian, Armenian chess player; in Baku, Armenian SSR, Soviet Union
 * Died Robert Casadesus, 73, French pianist

September 20, 1972 (Wednesday)

 * Britain's ratification of the Treaty of Accession to the Common Market was completed.
 * Floyd Patterson's comeback attempt came to an end with a bout against Muhammad Ali. Patterson, the world heavyweight boxing champion from 1956 to 1959, and 1961 to 1962, had been attempting to regain his crown since 1970.  The fight was stopped in the seventh round after Ali opened a cut over Patterson's eye.
 * Died: Richard Oakes, 30, Mohawk American Indian activist who led the Occupation of Alcatraz from 1969 to 1971, was shot and killed during an argument with Michael Morgan, the caretaker of a YMCA camp in Annapolis, California. The homicide took place six days after a confrontation between Oakes and Morgan on use of the property.

September 21, 1972 (Thursday)

 * Born:
 * Liam Gallagher, British singer for the band Oasis; in Manchester
 * Jon Kitna, American quarterback; in Tacoma, Washington
 * Died:
 * Ben Kiwanuka, 50, Chief Justice of Uganda (who had been the African nation's first Prime Minister), was arrested in his courtroom by Ugandan soldiers on orders of President Idi Amin, then brutally tortured to death.
 * Henry de Montherlant, 76, French writer, committed suicide

September 22, 1972 (Friday)

 * Willy Brandt called for a vote of confidence in his government, one he expected to lose, as a pretext for new parliamentary elections.
 * Hexachlorophene, an anti-bacterial compound that had been a popular additive in skin cleansers, cosmetics, deodorants, toothpastes and baby powder, was banned by the Food and Drug Administration except for prescription use. FDA studies had concluded that HCP caused brain damage in infants. The FDA ordered immediate removal of baby powder with more than 0.75% HCP, and directed that cleansers with 3% concentration could be sold only by prescription.

September 23, 1972 (Saturday)

 * Ferdinand Marcos, the President of the Philippines, appeared on television to announce that he had proclaimed martial law under Proclamation No. 1081. The immediate pretext was the attempted assassination of Defense Secretary Juan Ponce Enrile the day prior; however, Marcos stated that the proclamation had been signed on September 21, two days before the announcement. Enrile's driver was killed during the staged attack.
 * A fired killed 31 people at the Oscar restaurant on the Greek island of Rhodes, after a short circuit set fire to bamboo paneling. Most of the dead were Scandinavian tourists.
 * At an annual meeting of the International Monetary Fund, U.S. Treasury Secretary George P. Schultz unveiled a proposal for "SDRs"—Special Drawing Rights—to replace gold reserves as the asset to which the world currencies would be tied.
 * Julius Erving, remembered for playing for the Philadelphia 76ers, the New York Nets and even the Virginia Squires, played his first professional basketball game, appearing as an NBA draftee for the Atlanta Hawks, for whom he played in an exhibition against the ABA's Kentucky Colonels, in a 112–99 win in Frankfort, Kentucky. Erving would play another exhibition for the NBA Hawks before returning to the ABA.
 * "Moo-la the Cow" was unveiled in Stephenville, Texas, honoring the local dairy industry.
 * A 15-year-old boy in Waldport, Oregon, was killed, and two other people injured, after being struck by lightning. Although he was carrying a box containing 135 sticks of dynamite, the box did not explode, contrary to some repetitions of the story.
 * Born: Karl Pilkington, British TV and radio personality; in Manchester

September 24, 1972 (Sunday)

 * Twelve children and 11 adults were killed when an F-86 fighter aircraft crashed into a Farrell's Ice Cream Parlour in Sacramento. The store, located across a highway from the edge of an airport runway, had at least 100 people inside at the time.
 * Japan's Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka arrived in Beijing, where he was welcomed by China's Premier, Zhou Enlai.

September 25, 1972 (Monday)

 * Voters in Norway decided whether to approve Norway's entry into the European Economic Community (the "Common Market"), voters rejected the Treaty of Accession. The final vote was 1,118,281 "Nei" and 971,687 "Ja".  On November 28, 1994, voters would reject a second proposal to join the European Community.  Prime Minister Trygve Bratteli, whose Norske arbeiderpartei (Norwegian Labour Party) had been divided over the issue of Common Market membership, resigned the next day.
 * Died: Alejandra Pizarnik, 36, Argentine poet, killed herself with an overdose of the barbiturate Seconal

September 26, 1972 (Tuesday)

 * North Vietnamese negotiator Le Duc Tho dropped demands that South Vietnam's President Nguyen Van Thieu be removed from office as a condition for ending the Vietnam War, a breakthrough in peace negotiations.
 * Rebel forces crossed from North Yemen to attack South Yemen.
 * Following a 342–34 approval by the House of Representatives, President Nixon signed into law the bill creating the WIC Program (Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children).
 * U.S. Patent No. 3,693,535 was granted for the first automatic drip coffee brewing machine for homes, marketed under the name "Mr. Coffee". The machine went on sale as early as October 8 with the suggested retail price of USD $49.95, roughly $292 in 2017 dollars.
 * The first exhibition game for the new World Hockey Association took place in Quebec City, between two of the four teams that would eventually be admitted to the National Hockey League. The New England Whalers beat the Quebec Nordiques, 4–1.
 * Time Inc. introduced its new monthly personal finance magazine, Money, on newsstands, with the first issue being dated for October 1972.
 * Born: Beto O’Rourke (Robert Francis O'Rourke), United States Congressman for the 16th district in Texas (2013-2018) and presidential candidate; in El Paso

September 27, 1972 (Wednesday)

 * Canada banned the sale and use of firecrackers.
 * In Fort Lauderdale, Susan Place, 17, and Georgia Jessup, 16, went with their friend, "Jerry Shepard", on a trip "to the beach to play the guitar". Their remains would be found seven months later as they became the first known victims of serial killer Gerard Schaefer.  Schaefer had been dismissed from the office of the Martin County, Florida Sheriff's Department earlier in the year, and was awaiting trial after a failed kidnapping, on July 22, of two other teenage girls.
 * Born: Gwyneth Paltrow, American actress, 1998 Oscar winner for Best Actress (Shakespeare in Love); in Los Angeles
 * Died:
 * Bernardo Alvarado Monzón, 46, Guatemalan Communist and General Secretary of the Partido Guatemalteco del Trabajo (PGT), was executed by the Guatemalan Army the day after being captured in a raid on the PGT headquarters, along with seven other PGT officials and members. By order of the Guatemalan president, Carlos Arana Osorio, the bodies of the eight victims were dumped into the ocean.
 * S. R. Ranganathan, 81, pioneering Indian librarian
 * Rory Storm, 33, British musician, died of a combination of alcohol and sleeping pills

September 28, 1972 (Thursday)

 * With Paul Henderson scoring the winning goal past goalie Vladislav Tretiak, the Canadian national men's hockey team defeated the Soviet national ice hockey team in Game 8 of the 1972 Summit Series (La Série du Siècle), 6–5, to win the series 4–3–1.
 * After 66 years, the United States Secretary of the Army cleared the records of the black soldiers involved in the Brownsville Affair. The 167 members of the 25th United States Regiment had been dishonorably discharged after being accused of complicity in the shooting of two white men in Brownsville, Texas.  Following the publication of John D. Weaver's book The Brownsville Raid, in 1970, the U.S. Army reopened the investigation of the incident and concluded that the men had been innocent.

September 29, 1972 (Friday)

 * Vasil Mzhavanadze, the First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Georgian SSR, and Soviet Georgia's de facto leader, was removed from his job by the Soviet Communist Party's Central Committee. Mzhavadnadze retained his post as a full member of the Politburo, but was replaced as the Georgian leader by Eduard Shevardnadze.
 * Under a Joint Communiqué of the Government of Japan and the Government of the People's Republic of China, Japan, normalized diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China after breaking official ties with the Republic of China (Taiwan). On August 12, 1978, the two nations would formally end their state of war with a peace treaty.
 * In a story headlined "Mitchell Controlled Secret GOP Fund", Washington Post investigative reporters Carl Bernstein and Bob Woodward broke the story that "while serving as U.S. Attorney General, Mitchell personally controlled a secret Republican fund that was used to gather information about the Democrats, according to sources involved in the Watergate investigation."
 * The eight member nations of the European Space Research Organization (ESRO) officially adopted the METEOSAT programme, providing for European launched meteorological satellites.

September 30, 1972 (Saturday)

 * Malaysia-Singapore Airlines ceased operation, then split into Malaysia Airline System (now Malaysia Airlines) and Singapore Airlines on the following day.
 * Roberto Clemente made his 3,000th hit, which would also prove to be his very last. Clemente would be killed in a plane crash at the end of the year.
 * Dr. Irving Selikoff of the Mount Sinai School of Medicine addressed the annual National Cancer Conference in Los Angeles, and announced the increase in cases of mesothelioma among men who had been exposed to asbestos 30 years earlier during World War II.
 * Born: Shaan (stage name for Shantanu Mukherjee), Indian singer; in Khandwa, Madhya Pradesh

title: September 1972


text:
March 1972

The following events occurred in March 1972:

March 1, 1972 (Wednesday)

 * The Buffalo River in Arkansas became the first American river to become part of the protected National Wild and Scenic Rivers program.
 * Juan María Bordaberry was inaugurated as the newly elected President of Uruguay, and soon assumed dictatorial power, including the operation of the nation's courts by the military under his command.

March 2, 1972 (Thursday)

 * Pioneer 10 was launched from the Cape Kennedy at 8:49 p.m. Bearing a 6-by-9-inch gold anodized plaque that contained a message for alien civilizations, the American probe attained a record speed of more than 30,000 m.p.h. on its way to the planet Jupiter, which it would reach on December 3, 1973. Pioneer 10 became, on June 13, 1983, the first man-made object to depart the Solar System, moving toward the star Aldebaran. The last transmissions from Pioneer 10 were received on March 31, 1997, and the last signal was received on January 22, 2003.
 * Edward Heath, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom,  announced in the House of Commons that the Government of the UK would no longer use the "five techniques" of torture in the interrogation of prisoners. Heath's decision came on the same day as the publication of the "Parker Report" from a committee of inquiry chaired by Hubert Parker, Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales, finding the techniques to be illegal and immoral. The five techniques were wall-standing (prolonged standing in a stress position, hooding to prevent sight, loud noise, sleep deprivation and deprivation of food and drink, and had been used in Northern Ireland starting on August 9, 1971 in Operation Demetrius, the mass arrest of 342 suspected Irish Republican Army members and sympathizers.
 * The student senate at Stanford University voted, 18–4, to accept the recommendation that the school's athletic teams drop the nickname "Stanford Indians". Other college and high school teams would follow, retiring names such as Indians, Redskins, Braves, and other Native American referencing mascots.

 * Born: Phil Watkins From Pontypool, South Wales UK, born on this day.

March 3, 1972 (Friday)

 * After more than 48 years, the carving of the bas relief sculpture on Stone Mountain (near Atlanta) was completed under the direction of Walker Hancock. The 90 foot high representation of Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson had been started on June 23, 1923, by Gutzon Borglum.
 * Mohawk Airlines Flight 405 crashed into a house on Edgewood Avenue in Albany, New York, killing 16 of the 47 people on board, and one person in an upstairs apartment. The impact happened at 8:48 pm after the commuter plane lost power during a snowstorm.
 * Born: Darren Anderton, English footballer, in Southampton

March 4, 1972 (Saturday)

 * "About 1.1 million young people reached adulthood at midnight", as the New York Times described it, when a law took effect in California to lower the age of majority from 21 to 18.
 * The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face, as sung by Roberta Flack, entered the Billboard Magazine charts at No. 77. Within six weeks, it hit No. 1 and remained for six more weeks, becoming the best selling single of 1972.
 * Stoke City beat Chelsea 2–1 to win the 1972 Football League Cup Final, before a crowd of 100,000 at Wembley Stadium.
 * Born: Pae Gil-Su, North Korean gymnast

March 5, 1972 (Sunday)

 * Prime Minister Edward Heath informed the House of Commons that the United Kingdom had renounced the use of the five techniques for deep interrogation (hooding, wall-standing, subjection to noise, "relative" deprivation of food and drink, and sleep deprivation).

March 6, 1972 (Monday)

 * The Central Committee of the Soviet Communist Party adopted a resolution condemning Tbilisi city authorities in the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic for corruption, failure to meet economic goals, and liberalism in personnel policies. The action was the beginning of the end of the rule of Georgian First Secretary Vasil Mzhavanadze, and his replacement in that job by Eduard Shevardnadze.
 * United States immigration authorities revoked the visa of John Lennon.
 * Born: Shaquille O'Neal, American NBA star, in Newark, New Jersey

March 7, 1972 (Tuesday)

 * TWA Flight 7 was half an hour into its flight from New York to Los Angeles when the airline's officials were notified that it had a time bomb on board. The plane landed back at JFK at 12:10 pm.  A trained German shepherd named "Brandy" sniffed out the explosive, found in an attache case in the cockpit.  With five pounds of C4, the device would have destroyed the Boeing 707, with 52 on board, in midflight at 1:00 pm.  Police defused the explosive with 12 minutes to spare.
 * Federal Express was granted an FAA Operating Certificate by the Federal Aviation Administration, permitting it to operate jet service to deliver packages.

March 8, 1972 (Wednesday)

 * As the extortion plot against Trans World Airlines continued, a C4 packed time bomb was found on a second Boeing 707. Hidden in a bathroom, the bomb exploded at 3:55 a.m. while the jet sat, unoccupied, at the airport in Las Vegas.  Two searches had failed to detect the explosive.  The plane had arrived seven hours earlier from New York.  The plotters had warned TWA about bombs on four separate flights, and had demanded a $2,000,000 ransom.
 * The highest recorded speed for a gust of wind was measured at 207 m.p.h. during a storm at Thule Air Base in Greenland.
 * President Nixon issued Executive Order 11652, setting standards for top secret, secret, and confidential classifications of government documents, as well as a schedule of declassification. EO 11652 was superseded by the orders of later American Presidents, and classified information is now governed by Executive Order 13292.
 * Born: Andrey Melnichenko, Russian billionaire, in Gomel, Byelorussian SSR, Soviet Union
 * Died: Erich von dem Bach, 73, Nazi SS-Obergruppenführer who crushed the Warsaw Uprising

March 9, 1972 (Thursday)

 * The Volkskammer voted to legalize abortion in East Germany, although 14 legislators voted against the bill and another 8 abstained, a rarity in a Communist state. The new law gave a woman, rather than a government board, the right to terminate her pregnancy within the first 12 weeks after conception, effective immediately.  The number of legal abortions went from 18,700 in 1971 to 115,600 in 1972.
 * Died: Basil O'Connor, 80, co-founder of the March of Dimes

March 10, 1972 (Friday)

 * Broadcaster Larry King was cleared of charges of grand larceny that had been brought by a former business partner. His arrest in December 1971 nearly ruined his career, and King would work at various radio jobs before getting a nationally syndicated talk show in 1978.  In 1985, he would launch Larry King Live on CNN.
 * Born:
 * Takashi Fujii, Japanese comedian, in Toyonaka, Osaka;
 * Matt Kenseth, American NASCAR driver, in Cambridge, Wisconsin
 * Michael Lucas, Russian-born gay pornographic actor and director, in Moscow

March 11, 1972 (Saturday)

 * Carnival Cruise Lines made its very first voyage, as the Mardi Gras departed Miami for an 8-day cruise ... and ran aground on a sandbar. The 530 passengers, most of whom were travel agents and their families, continued to enjoy themselves until tugboats dislodged the ship the next day, and the new company received national publicity from the incident.
 * Died:
 * Fredric Brown, 65, science fiction and mystery author
 * Zack Wheat, 83, Baseball Hall of Famer and Brooklyn Dodgers outfielder

March 12, 1972 (Sunday)

 * Britain's Granada Television telecast a one-hour drama by Brian Clark, called Whose Life Is It Anyway?. The videotaped story became a popular stage play in 1978 and a film in 1981.
 * The European satellite TD-1A was launched, designed to be the first to measure the ultraviolet spectrum.
 * The last troops from India were withdrawn from Bangladesh, whose independence they had secured from Pakistan in December.
 * Gordie Howe's No. 9 jersey was retired by the Detroit Red Wings and Bill Russell's No. 6 was retired by the Boston Celtics.

March 13, 1972 (Monday)

 * The Australian soap opera Number 96 made its debut on Network Ten, after an ad campaign with the slogan "Tonight at 8:30, Television loses its virginity!". During its five-year run, the show would break taboos against showing nudity and sexual intercourse.
 * On United States television, The Merv Griffin Show returned as a syndicated program after two years at the CBS Network's 11:30 time slot and began a successful and award-winning run that ended in 1986.
 * Clifford Irving and his wife Edith pleaded guilty in a New York federal court to charges of conspiracy to defraud and grand larceny. Irving admitted that he had made up the autobiography of Howard Hughes, for which he had received an advance from McGraw-Hill.
 * Born: Common (rapper) (born Lonnie Rashid Lynn), American rapper and actor; in Chicago, Illinois

March 14, 1972 (Tuesday)

 * Sterling Airways Flight 267, which was bringing Danish vacationers home from a holiday in Sri Lanka, crashed on its approach to the Dubai airport in the United Arab Emirates. All 112 people on board were killed.

March 15, 1972 (Wednesday)

 * The Godfather, directed by Francis Ford Coppola, debuted in five cinemas in New York City, and would set a record (which stood until 1975) for the highest-grossing film in history, taking in $87,500,000 in its first release.
 * Italian multimillionaire and radical Giangiacomo Feltrinelli was found dead in the Milan suburb of Segrate, apparently the victim of his own bomb. Feltrinelli had apparently planned to destroy the pylon of a high-voltage power line in order to plunge the area into darkness, when the explosive went off prematurely.  He bled to death from his injuries.
 * King Hussein of Jordan unveiled his plan for the "United Arab Kingdom", a federation consisting of the existing Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, and a Palestinian Arab state on Jordan's former territories on the Israeli occupied West Bank, each with their own parliament, united under one monarch. The UAK would be dependent upon a treaty between Jordan and Israel.  The PLO and other Arab nations opposed the plan.
 * Born: Mark Hoppus, Bassist and vocalist of the Pop Punk band blink-182, in Ridgecrest, California
 * Died: Linda Jones, 27, African-American pop singer, of diabetes

March 16, 1972 (Thursday)

 * Demolition of the Pruitt–Igoe public housing project in St. Louis began with the implosion of the first of 33 identical eleven-storey buildings, less than 20 years after the complex had been opened. Crime-ridden and marked by low quality materials, the project's occupancy began declining three years after its 1954 dedication.  By 1976, the last of the Pruitt–Igoe apartments had been torn down.
 * President Nixon addressed the nation at 10:00 pm EST to propose a moratorium on forced busing to achieve desegregation in American schools, making the issue part of his re-election campaign.
 * A 160 vehicle pileup on the M1 motorway at Luton, England, killed nine people and injured 51 others. The accident came only four months after the deaths of nine people on the same stretch of highway.  In both cases, fog and industrial pollution precipitated the chain reaction.
 * Died: Pie Traynor, 73, Baseball Hall of Famer and Pirates third baseman

March 17, 1972 (Friday)

 * Lon Nol proclaimed himself to be the first President of the Khmer Republic, an office that had been vacant for the first two years of the republic's existence. The monarchy, abolished in 1970, was restored in 1993.
 * Born: Mia Hamm, American soccer player, in Selma, Alabama

March 18, 1972 (Saturday)

 * Larry Miller of the Carolina Cougars set the all-time scoring record for the American Basketball Association (ABA), with 67 points in a 139–125 win over the Memphis Pros, breaking Zelmo Beaty's record of 63 that had been set three weeks earlier. It was also a record for highest number of points by a guard in any league.  With 25 field goals and 17 free throws, none of Miller's shots was an ABA 3-pointer.
 * Born: Dane Cook, American comedian, in Boston

March 19, 1972 (Sunday)

 * Prime Ministers Indira Gandhi of India and Sheikh Mujibur Rahman of Bangladesh signed the Indo-Bangladeshi Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Peace during Gandhi's visit to Dhaka.
 * The Immaculata University Mighty Macs won the first women's college basketball championship in the U.S., the AIAW women's basketball tournament, defeating the West Chester State College Golden Rams, 52 to 49. Both teams were from small colleges in Chester County, Pennsylvania. Theresa Shank of Immaculata was the high scorer, with 26 points in the tournament played at the Illinois State University campus in Normal, Illinois.

March 20, 1972 (Monday)

 * Twenty-four mountaineers were killed by an avalanche on Japan's Mount Fuji, and another six were missing and presumed dead.
 * The Los Angeles Lakers set an NBA record for the largest margin of victory (63 points) in 162 to 99 win over the visiting Golden State Warriors. The mark stood for 19 years before being broken by Cleveland's 148–80 win over Miami.
 * Born: Alex Kapranos, Scottish singer and musician (Franz Ferdinand), in Almondsbury, Gloucestershire, England
 * Died Marilyn Maxwell, 50, American actress

March 21, 1972 (Tuesday)

 * The United States Supreme Court struck down, as unconstitutional, a Tennessee law requiring one year's residency in the state before a person could register to vote. For the 6–1 majority ruling, Thurgood Marshall wrote "30 days appears to be an ample period of time for the State to complete whatever administrative tasks are necessary to prevent fraud – and a year, or three months, too much".  At the time, all but a few states required at least six months' residency.  The ruling, made in Dunn v. Blumstein (405 U.S. 330) effectively opened the way for as many as 5.5 million people to become eligible to register.
 * Georgios Papadopoulos, the dictator of the Kingdom of Greece, moved one step closer to abolishing the monarchy. In addition to being Prime Minister of Greece, as well as its Foreign Minister, Defense Minister, and "Minister to the Premier" in charge of government agencies, Papadopoulos took on the ceremonial powers of the King as well. Georgios Zoitakis, who had been the regent after King Constantine II went into exile in 1967, was fired by the Cabinet at the request of Papadopoulos, who then took over the job himself.
 * Born:
 * Chris Candido, American professional wrestler, in Spring Lake, New Jersey (d. 2005)
 * Derartu Tulu, Ethiopian 10,000 meter medalist, in Bekoji

March 22, 1972 (Wednesday)

 * The proposed Equal Rights Amendment was approved by the United States Senate, 84–8, after passing the House on October 12, 354–23, and sent to the states to consider ratification. Although 35 states ratified the amendment by the original 1979 deadline (later extended to 1982), the ERA fell short of the necessary approval by at least 38 states.
 * The Shafer Commission (formally the National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse), a 13-member panel created by Congress, unanimously recommended the removal of federal and state restrictions against the personal possession and private use of marijuana. The Commission's surprising conclusions were not accepted by President Nixon or by Congress.
 * The United States Supreme Court ruled, in Eisenstadt v. Baird (405 U.S. 438), that unmarried people had the same rights to contraceptive products as married people did, striking down a Massachusetts law, and extending the protection of the 1965 ruling in Griswold v. Connecticut.
 * Born:
 * Shawn Bradley, American NBA player, in Landstuhl, West Germany
 * Elvis Stojko, Canadian figure skater, in Newmarket, Ontario
 * Cory Lidle, New York Yankees pitcher, in Hollywood, California (killed in plane crash, 2006)
 * Died: Jeremiah Milbank, 85, American philanthropist and co-founder of the March of Dimes

March 23, 1972 (Thursday)

 * The first media event surrounding the recently discovered, cave-dwelling Tasaday people took place in the Philippines as reporters, scientists, and VIPs (including Charles Lindbergh) were brought in by helicopter to meet a group of people who had never made it out of the Stone Age. It was not until after the 1986 overthrow of Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos that it was discovered that the 26 Tasaday "cavemen" had been ordinary people going along with a hoax.
 * The world's first Green Party meeting took place in the Hobart Town Hall, convened by Dr. Richard Jones
 * Born: Joe Calzaghe, Welsh boxer and world middleweight champion, in London
 * Died: John Carnell, 59, British science fiction publisher

March 24, 1972 (Friday)

 * Edward Heath, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, announced direct rule from London after half a century of Northern Irish autonomy. The bicameral Parliament of Northern Ireland, commonly referred to as "Stormont", was suspended, and Prime Minister of Northern Ireland Brian Faulkner was replaced by William Whitelaw, named to the newly created post of Secretary of State for Northern Ireland.
 * Died: Cristóbal Balenciaga, 77, Spanish fashion designer

March 25, 1972 (Saturday)

 * The 254th and last original episode of the TV series Bewitched was broadcast, ending a run that had started on September 17, 1964.
 * The UCLA Bruins beat Florida State 81–76 to win their sixth consecutive NCAA basketball championship, their eighth overall, and their 45th consecutive victory.
 * Following fraudulent elections in El Salvador, Colonel Benjamin Mejia led an attempted coup in order to prevent the winner, Arturo Armando Molina, from taking office as President. Despite the rebels' temporary capture of President Fidel Sánchez Hernández, the rebellion failed to attract support from other military units, and was put down the next day, after more than 100 people had been killed and over 200 wounded.
 * The 17th Eurovision Song Contest was held at the Usher Hall, Edinburgh, UK. It was won by Luxembourg's Vicky Leandros, with "Après Toi".

March 26, 1972 (Sunday)

 * Lord Carrington, Britain's Secretary of State for Defence, reached an agreement with Malta's Prime Minister, Dom Mintoff, renewing the United Kingdom's lease of military bases on the Mediterranean island for another seven years, and at triple the previous rent. After the British lease had expired in September, Mintoff had threatened to sign an agreement with the Soviet Union or with Libya.  The new payment was $37,000,000 per annum.  British forces would leave Malta permanently on March 31, 1979.
 * Died: Oskar Rescher, 88, German scholar (b. 1883)

March 27, 1972 (Monday)

 * Venera 8 was launched from the Soviet Union to explore the planet Venus, where it would land on July 22.

 * President Idi Amin ordered all Israelis to leave Uganda. For the past ten years, Israel had trained Ugandan paratroopers, but Amin broke relations after forming an alliance with Libya.
 * The comic strip Funky Winkerbean made its debut, introduced by King Features Syndicate. The author was Tom Batiuk, a 24-year-old art teacher at Eastern Heights Junior High School in Elyria, Ohio .  Funky ("just and average kid trying to figure out a confusing world ... not to mention plane geometry") introduced himself and his friends, Roland, Les and Lavinia in the first day's strip.
 * Born: Jimmy Floyd Hasselbaink, Dutch footballer, in Paramaribo, Suriname
 * Died:
 * M. C. Escher, 73, Dutch lithographer of "impossible objects" (e.g., "Relativity")
 * Lorenzo Wright, 45, African-American athlete, 1948 Olympic gold medalist and Detroit schools official, was stabbed to death by his wife during an argument at their home

March 28, 1972 (Tuesday)

 * The first elections, since 1963, in the Palestinian cities of the West Bank were carried out under Israel's supervision. Voters in Nablus, Jenin, Tulkarm, Qalqilya and Jericho (Ariha) went to the polls to vote for local representatives, nearly five years after previous scheduled voting had been canceled. In 1967, after the West Bank had been captured from Jordan in the Six-Day War, Israeli authorities extended the terms of the Palestinian council members indefinitely. On May 2, voting would be held for councils in Ramallah, Bethlehem and Hebron.
 * A subspecies of ocelot (Leopardus pardalis albescens), found in Mexico, Arizona and Texas, was placed on the United States Endangered Species List.
 * Barbara Jordan was elected president pro tempore of the Texas State Senate, making her the first black woman to preside over a legislative body. As third in line for succession, she served as acting governor on June 10, 1972, when the Governor and Lieutenant Governor were out of the state.
 * Northern Ireland's Parliament, the Stormont, met for the very last time. The assembly was dissolved when Britain introduced direct rule.
 * Chong Hong Jin, South Korea's deputy director of intelligence, secretly traveled to North Korea to arrange for closer ties between the two enemy nations.

March 29, 1972 (Wednesday)

 * For the first time since 1966, authorities in East Germany opened the Berlin Wall for an eight-day period in order to allow visitors from West Germany during the Easter holidays, and tens of thousands of Westerners received permission to travel to East Berlin. For the first time since 1952, the Communist government permitted visitors to go beyond the capital and into the countryside as well.  The visits were permitted until April 5.
 * After the first seven states had ratified the proposed Equal Rights Amendment, the ERA was rejected by Oklahoma. The vote in the state's House of Representatives was 52–36, seven short of the necessary 2/3 majority.  The "anti-ERA movement", led by Phyllis Schlafly, began receiving support in other states.
 * The Convention on International Liability for Damage Caused by Space Objects was signed, and took effect on September 1.
 * Born:
 * Priti Patel, British Home Secretary since 2019; in London.
 * Rui Costa, Portuguese soccer football midfielder with 94 appearances for the national team, later the President of Sports Lisboa e Benfica; in Amadora, Lisbon metropolitan area.
 * Died: J. Arthur Rank, 83, British film producer

March 30, 1972 (Thursday)

 * North Vietnam launched the Nguyen Hue Offensive (referred to in the United States as the Easter Offensive), with 30,000 troops and 200 armored vehicles invading South Vietnam, with the objective of capturing the Quang Tri province. With American air support, the South Vietnamese army drove out the invaders.  By the time the offensive ended in October, more than 40,000 soldiers from the North, and 10,000 from the South, had been killed.
 * Born: Karel Poborsky, Czech Republic footballer, in Třeboň, Czechoslovakia
 * Died: Gabriel Heatter, 81, American newscaster

March 31, 1972 (Friday)

 * A team of investigators from the Flamingo Park Zoo in Scarborough found a mysterious carcass floating in Scotland's Loch Ness, while searching for proof of the existence of the legendary Loch Ness Monster, and loaded it into their truck. They were stopped by Fife police under a 1933 law prohibiting the removal of "unidentified creatures" from the Loch, and the incident made headlines worldwide. An examination determined that the body was that of an elephant seal, which had died the week before at Flamingo Park.  John Shields, a Zoo employee, had intended only to play a joke on his colleagues, and hadn't counted on police or press attention.
 * The Masjid-e-Aqsa, the largest house of worship for Ahmadiyya Muslim Community, was dedicated in Rabwah, Pakistan.
 * A Boeing B-52 Stratofortress, AF Serial No. 56-0625, departed McCoy Air Force Base, Florida on a routine training mission. Assigned to the 306th Bombardment Wing, the unarmed aircraft sustained multiple engine failures and engine fires on engines #7 and #8 shortly after takeoff. The aircraft immediately attempted to return to the base, but crashed just short of Runway 18R in a residential area of Orlando, Florida, approximately 1 mile north of McCoy AFB, destroying or damaging eight homes. The flight crew of 7 airmen and 1 civilian on the ground were killed.
 * Died: Meena Kumari, 40, Indian actress and Bollywood legend

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