text:
Talk:Savannah cat

Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 18 August 2020 and 12 December 2020. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Meowzi.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 08:43, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

History
History is about the history of the breed, not about current prices, or SCAM organizations like lifestyle pets and Ashura cats, not about how much the cats weigh, and btw a 40lb savannah is an overweight cat. I have one of the largest F1 females around and she is 25lbs. Search Ruby "the other woman" on youtube for a video of her. I be emailing some key founding members of the breed from more input to the history section. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Lifeatthesharpend (talk • contribs) 16:39, 8 February 2014 (UTC)

Spam
In the external link there is a "Bella Gattini Cattery" this appears to be a link to a Cattery or retail site. There are several breeders in the Savannah community around the world that are not being represented in this same way. Consider removing link
 * Link has been removed. Thanks for notifying us. Kpstewart (talk) 04:08, 10 October 2009 (UTC)

The external link to Savannah Cats in Canada links to one cattery in Canada. It is merely an advertisement and should be removed. That is not the purpose of Wikipedia. Only FACTUAL information should be provided. Please stop adding this back. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.93.151.45 (talk) 15:47, 6 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Agreed. I've removed the link along with a non-sequitor story under Temperament. 72.240.193.160 (talk) 11:33, 31 December 2010 (UTC)

I see you've reverted my edit without comment. If you would like to discuss whether or not the Drapers and their cat is worth mentioning, or whether this specific moment in its life is notable, we can do that here. Allow me to explain my reasoning for removing this paragraph:

I would like to point out that this page has had spam issues regarding the aforementioned Bella Gattini Cattery and the Savannah Cat Shoppe, whose websites are both registered to Kim Draper. This blurb about her family and her cat is a clear ploy to gain attention for her business, and should be regarded as spam.

I would also like to mention it hasn't eluded me that your IP address geolocates to the same immediate area as both the spam-happy cattery and the Draper family's (Lee, Kimberly, Marty and Matteo) home. I will assume good faith, but until we can discuss this properly I'll be removing the offending paragraph. 72.240.193.160 (talk) 06:37, 3 January 2011 (UTC)

Agree that the link to a specific cattery should be deleted. Mention of the Savannah Cat Shoppe was done to inform people of where to view Scarlett's Magic. Mention of Draper family was done as we own the cat and it was special for our kids. We will not change back to avoid being labeled as spammers, which we do not intend to be. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.93.151.45 (talk) 20:01, 17 January 2011 (UTC)

I removed the info about the UK breeder under History, which was already removed a few weeks ago and added back. Please don't re-add it. If information about breeding savannah's in other countries is important enough, to merit its own section, that's fine, but then we should also mention all the countries that Savannah's have been bred in. Also, no need to give the name of the cat, or the name of the breeders, it's not really that historic of an event... — Preceding unsigned comment added by Finiteyoda (talk • contribs) 16:43, 27 February 2011 (UTC)

Also, the 2nd part of the history section seems it was re-written to revolve around the role of Patrick Kelly, that part seems like its more about Patrick than Savannah's. Maybe someone wants to check teh references for that section, and ensure the section is written from a neutral perspective. Thanks, Finiteyoda (talk) 16:49, 27 February 2011 (UTC)

Spam tag
I am removing the Spam tag because it is obvious the community supports these breed sites. Only two negative comments (one by anonymous and the other by the person who initiated the Spam tag). However a big thank you to Finiteyoda for helping to look out for our breed on Wikipedia!! --pfkelley 09:06, 07 September 2007 (UTC)

 * The link is to a commercial site that charges a fee to Savannah breeders to be included on list/website. It is not an authoritative site for the Savannah breed.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.93.151.45 (talk) 19:58, 17 January 2011 (UTC)
 * I remain skeptical. — SMcCandlish Talk⇒ ɖ⊝כ⊙þ Contrib.  16:05, 31 December 2012 (UTC)

A1Savannahs spam
The link to A1Savannahs is spam. The statement that they are the founder of the breed is not correct. Remove A1Savannahs as the original founder of the breed. Current owner of A1Savannahs is not founder of the breed (Martin Stucki). This is an ad for a cattery. Article states that Joyce Sroufe with Patrick are founders and that Judee Frank originally cross bred the serval to a domestic cat. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Lifeatthesharpend (talk • contribs) 23:18, 19 March 2009 (UTC)

Temperament
Can someone add information on the cat's temperment to the article? Seems to be a hole in the behavior area, unless that's typically not a problem with cats. Or something. -- Consumed Crustacean | Talk | 05:53, Jun 11, 2005 (UTC)

 * I've added a bit to the temperament section, using what sources I could find. Let me know if you think we need more. --Finiteyoda 06:35, 27 November 2006 (UTC)

 * I removed the aggressive statements, they seem to be put up by an animal activists. I personally own 13 of these cats from F1 down to F7. I have 2 F1's and 4 F2's and they sleep in my bed. They are absolutely not aggressive. Look at my videos of my cats on youtube under lifeatthesharpend. lifeatthesharpend | 7:16pm, Feb 7,  2011 (PST)

 * Feel free to contact me about before you remove the links to the videos of walking and jumping. the videos serve as prof and examples of the statements. I believe that they are relavent to the entry. lifeatthesharpend | 3:21pm,  May 9,  2011 (PST)
 * Most of this annoying and unreliable temperament crap needs to be removed from all of these articles. It almost entirely consists of generalities that apply to properly socialized house cats, regardless of breed, and breeder-invented suppositions and fantasy. — SMcCandlish  Talk⇒ ɖ⊝כ⊙þ Contrib.  16:07, 31 December 2012 (UTC)

In the last part there's one and the same thing stated three times: "and are likely to hide when strangers are present", "will find a hiding place until the party is over", "and are likely to hide when humans that they don't know are present". The information in that paragraph can be condensed a lot. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 95.91.28.39 (talk) 19:57, 9 March 2014 (UTC)

Size
I'm seriously confused about the weight. There are Savannahs weighing 25lbs. I get no original source, but if the page is clearly wrong, what is needed to correct it? Does someone have to get a grant to study savannah weights to publish a scientific paper? That seems excessive. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.35.74.177 (talk) 04:32, 25 April 2017 (UTC)

Found a good source about weight. If no objections, will post with source. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Meowzi (talk • contribs) 05:48, 3 November 2020 (UTC)

Weight is not very helpful in conveying the size of the animal. What is the actual height at shoulder, snout to tail, etc? 09:02, 10 April 2008 (UTC)

 * This is exactly what I was thinking as I looked for size in the article. Can someone please add it? Chillowack (talk) 01:19, 30 August 2013 (UTC)

Please do not change the weight of the animals unless you have direct knowledge or own the cat that weighs that much and is also registered as a Savannah. If you are changing the weight of the cat please discuss it with the savannah community at large on the yahoo group lists. Either the mentors list, Savannah Cat Club, or Savannah pets. 25% - 26 % F2 Males are normally in the weight range of 20 to 25 lbs. While 50% F1 males can be larger they are generally taller and do not weigh to much more. I know of one 30% F2 male Razi, that is around 30 lbs and is the largest Savannah cat that I know of. He stands about 18 inches at the shoulder. Life. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Lifeatthesharpend (talk • contribs) 18:14, 16 May 2009 (UTC)

 * This article does mention the size, and that this breed is the biggest breed of domestic cat. That is not true. This is not a domestic cat at the F levels of the biggest cats. It doesn't matter what breeders and TICA says, it doesn't change the fact that this is still a hybrid cat, partially of a completely different species than the domestic cat, which is not even in the same genus.

 * In any case, the big Savannah cats are in the F1-F2 group. It's only by breeding serval with domestic cat continuously that it's possible to maintain a number of cats of well defined low F-level, and large size. Those cats do not represent the size of purebred Savannah cats, since they only breed true at the ~F6 level or more, according to the article. An F6 Savannah is only about 1/64 serval, but may have semi-retained the coat pattern and other characteristics by selective breeding (genetically they may be a bit more serval).

 * The big specimens, as it is now, are the low F level direct hybrids, not the potentially stable domestic breed and their existence proves that serval is still being bred into the Savannah breed. If we accept that this (F5 and beyond) hybrid is a true breed, then the breed consists of domestic cats with a number of selected serval(-ish) traits, and basically they're not bigger than other cat breeds (depending on how you define size, as mentioned above).2.104.66.152 (talk) 16:24, 25 May 2014 (UTC)

Population
I think the population estimate of 22,000 examples in 2001 is incorrect. The number is supposedly from:

http://www.s-i-m-b-a.org/graphics/brazil%20art2.pdf

But it looks to me like it says "..estimate of not more than *200* examples". It would be good if someone else could confirm that I'm reading it right :-)

Also, the current number of TICA registered Savannahs is 3366 (private email - response to a question to www.savannahcat.com). This might be useful to add, as population data is sparse. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Markir (talk • contribs) 02:22, 19 May 2009 (UTC)

Plagiarism
Someone please checkout this web page:

http://www.alpinesavannahs.com/about%20savannahs.html

The wording of wikipedia savannah cats article is remarkably similar. Which came first?

Also check out this which sounds very similar!

http://www.savannahcat.com.au/ Christopedia (talk) 16:53, 14 October 2008 (UTC)

Outdoors?
Does anyone know if these cats can be let outdoors on their own? Bill the Cat 7 (talk) 22:36, 7 June 2010 (UTC)

How does this hybrid work genetically?
I thought hybrids were only possible between animals of the same genus. But a serval's genus is Leptailurus and a domestic cat's is Felis. Wouldn't that mean the serval has been incorrectly classified? 75.76.213.106 (talk) 02:52, 17 June 2010 (UTC)
 * If you'd do some research, you'd note that they still are of the same family, the article on which indicates that geneticaly servals and domestic cats are not related 81.198.147.98 (talk) 18:00, 17 August 2010 (UTC)
 * There's no need to be insulting... especially as the original comment was more informed than your own. Family is a higher grouping than genus, so it does not follow that members of the same family can necessarily interbreed if members of different genus cannot. Further, your statement that "geneticaly servals and domestic cats are not related" is false, and arguably meaningless. They are certainly related; even you admit that they are in the same evolutionary family.
 * Now, on to the original question: hybrids are possible between different genus; they are known as intergeneric hybrids.
 * Joe Marfice 23:18, 8 October 2011 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by JoeMarfice (talk • contribs)
 * Same thing is going on with the Bengal cat, a Felis × Pronailurus intergeneric hybrid. The routine viability of these hybrids (all within subfamily Felinae) has led some to ask whether some taxonomic reclassification is in order, but we'd need reliable sources for this, and this particular article probably isn't the place to cover that.  A paragraph on it at Hybrid (biology) and one at Felinae is probably adequate.  — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  23:02, 10 June 2015 (UTC)

Savannah cat, health and temperament
There seems to be a lot of "medical opinion" in the medical opinion section that goes way beyond Wikipedia into veterinary type information. It seems to me that it would be appropriate to mention that there are concerns about anesthesia, for example, and that those concerns aren't agreed on by all. But a listing of a bunch of drug names goes way too far. The only useful info to be gained from that detailed description is possibly for medical applications or guidance and Wikipedia doesn't seem like the right place for that. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 50.35.76.48 (talk) 17:03, 5 May 2016 (UTC)

Re the line in the article that says: "Some (but not all) experienced Savannah breeders believe strongly that modified live vaccines should not be used on Savannahs, that only killed virus vaccines should be used. This, also, has not been studied." Please modify this. From the perspective of a Savannah cat owner, I can tell you that this is a fact, at least for some Savannahs. My F3 Savannah was sick for almost a week when she was accidentally given a modified live virus vaccine. Potential owners should consult with the breeder (who usually gives this information upfront) or, if they are not sure, ask the vet to use a killed virus. Better to be safe than sorry. As far as temperament, they are very intelligent, very high-energy, eager to learn and to please, but extremely curious - kittens will need some supervision for the first 6 months to a year. They can get into all sorts of trouble if left alone; owners need to cat-proof their house. Savannahs can be trained to a certain extent, and can be walked on a leash, but they should not be allowed to roam free around the neighborhood. Keep in mind that if a neighbor sees a large Savannah, he or she - not knowing it's a domestic cat - might think it's a dangerous wild cat and be tempted to call animal control. Sonya042 (talk) 01:45, 5 December 2010 (UTC)

Removing photos
Before removing others photos either enter a specific reason for the change or enter it in discussion to allow other to weight in on the change. This is in reference to "03:51, 7 August 2011 Leekimbud (talk | contribs) (19,952 bytes) (→Health considerations) (undo) " where they removed a photos that was posted. No reason was given about the removal and was not discussed. I'm undoing the removal. Please signin and enter justification for such changes. lifeatthesharpend 17:32, 7 August 2011 (PST)

Merge proposed
The "Ashera" article is a pretty much non-expandable stub about an attempt to scam people into thinking some Savannahs were a new breed. Does not need its own article, should just be a section here. It is well sourced, but having it be it's own article is utterly pointless. — SMcCandlish Talk⇒ ɖ⊝כ⊙þ Contrib.  16:09, 31 December 2012 (UTC)
 * ✅ I agree with the merger. The sources in that article were very poor, and much of it seemed POV. Steven Walling • talk   01:56, 11 November 2013 (UTC)
 * Hmm. All of that material now seems to be missing.  — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  16:00, 25 June 2015 (UTC)

Updated Reference
I found the new location of a dead link but I am not familiar with the different reference templates that are available. This | reference could probably do with formatting into the appropriate template. If I find time and remember I will look them up myself but in case I don't - I've noted it here. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Danielmee (talk • contribs) 04:14, 23 April 2013 (UTC)

TICA conflict of interest
A TICA breeder is supposed to require the new owner to spay, or neuter their new pet within twelve weeks of purchase, and withhold the necessary paperwork to prove the animal is worth what you paid until it is done. This is a monopolizing scam meant to lower breeder competition. It is unethical treatment of animals, forced to be done by the new pet owner so the breeder looks better at a glance (until you're buying from them and find out about the requirement). It is not only unethical because you are harming the animals directly, but also because it keeps the genetic diversity too small, and will ultimately cause inbreeding. And, it most likely falls under extortion, and/or blackmail laws, being illegal. If it's not officially falling under laws already, proposing a law that specifically addresses this will pass. If the breeder has no official contract with the buyer that the buyer has agreed to these terms, the breeder will lose a court case. Even if such a contract is had, once it changes ownership, the last owner has no say, period. Further... Allegedly, the goal of breeders is to create an official, standardized breed that does not require continuously using a serval... That goal will NEVER be reached if all savannah cats are getting spayed, and neutered. It makes it so the breeders with servals, whom are obviously very rich people to own a serval, are the monopolizers, and prevents the savannah cat breed from progressing as a breed. These people are corrupting the breed, and more interested and prestige of rarity than the animal's well-being. They are animal abusers, and criminals. TICA needs to be investigated. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.208.204.236 (talk) 21:11, 10 September 2013 (UTC)

A source link of what I'm typing about: THE INTERNATIONAL CAT ASSOCIATION, INC. VOLUNTARY CODE OF ETHICS Notice that almost the entire focus is on preventing the buyer from breeding, so the already approved breeders have less competition. The animal must either get spayed, or neutered, or lose the required paperwork to authenticity it's breed? That is not about the health, or happiness of the animal, it's about the bank account of the breeder. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 72.208.204.236 (talk) 21:19, 10 September 2013 (UTC)

Cost, fraud
This should cover some societal/legal stuff aside from ownership laws, like highly publicized cases of fraud due to costs sometimes being over US$10K. — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  22:53, 10 June 2015 (UTC)
 * Start by restoring the merged Ashera material (see a couple of threads above).  — SMcCandlish ☺ ☏ ¢ ≽ʌⱷ҅ᴥⱷʌ≼  16:01, 25 June 2015 (UTC)

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Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment
This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 7 April 2020 and 7 May 2020. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Sammiavizius.

Above undated message substituted from Template:Dashboard.wikiedu.org assignment by PrimeBOT (talk) 08:43, 17 January 2022 (UTC)

Ashera
Why is Ashera redirecting here when it is not mentioned in this article? — SMcCandlish ☏ ¢ 😼  21:09, 30 November 2019 (UTC)

what would happen if you bred one of these and a serval
what would happen 2A02:C7F:FE0D:AC00:417E:7F3A:E592:19B (talk) 01:12, 14 February 2022 (UTC)

written like an advertisement
make it more neutral "owners even shower with them" for example is biased 102.222.6.97 (talk) 11:05, 23 January 2024 (UTC)

 * Removed. I'll look through the rest of the article but you're right that sentence doesn't belong on Wikipedia. People do all sorts of things with their cats, putting your cat in the shower isn't notable - just weird. Traumnovelle (talk) 06:58, 12 February 2024 (UTC)
 * I have just been going through this article removing all sorts of uncited cruft that had been lingering for years. What's shockingly absent from this article, short of an actual advertising jingle, is the welfare implications of the crossing of a serval with a domestic cat. The cat does not come off well, can be injured or even killed in the process, and may not even survive the birth of the F1 kittens. Finding a source for this was difficult, but we've got the Nat Geo article now as a good secondary WP:RS. "Because male servals are up to four times the size of a domestic cat, this can cause pregnancy complications, with the smaller mother giving birth to kittens 'bigger than her body was naturally meant to carry,' Tammy Theis [The Wildcat Sanctuary in Sandstone, Minnesota] says ... She, as well as the kittens, may not survive the encounter ... the mother may also be regarded as prey and scratched, bitten, or even killed by the male cat [Steve Crow, Cat Fancy, UK]" — Jon (talk) 21:46, 13 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Others above have also noted the Ashera scam(s) and other instances of breeder fraud, which have been removed from the article and definitely should be mentioned. The New Yorker article notes the inflated price people are willing to pay for F1-F2 animals, rather than the normal-sized and cheaper pure-breed Savannahs. Buyers can be targeted by wildlife traffickers. Haven't drummed up the fortitude to word all this into the article yet, given the usual amount of brigading from offended fans that tends to happen soon afterwards. — Jon (talk) 22:45, 13 February 2024 (UTC)

Mention of other breeds with susceptibility to HCM
@Jonathanischoice I removed the mention of other breeds as they have no relation to the Savannah and it's irrelevant and unfair to mention some breeds that are predisposed to the condition but not others when there is no relation between it and the article. The study itself states the predisposition in the Ragdoll and Maine Coon is 'because of myosin binding protein-C mutations', unless this mutation has been identified in the Savannah the study itself serves no bearing on the Savannah cat. I possibly found the source study used for the HCM susceptibility for the Savannah in WebMD but it only mentions a single Savannah cat. Including the unrelated study as a reference also implies the information comes to the study to any reader who doesn't review the citation further. Traumnovelle (talk) 22:15, 13 February 2024 (UTC) Traumnovelle (talk) 22:15, 13 February 2024 (UTC)
 * Sure. There surely is an awful lot of junk out there about this breed in particular. — Jon (talk) 22:47, 13 February 2024 (UTC)

how many savannah cat are in the wourld
?????? 208.68.56.222 (talk) 14:47, 14 May 2024 (UTC)

 * Hello, Wikipedia is not a forum and the talk page is for discussion of the article and it's content not for general questions about the subject unrelated to Wikipedia's coverage. I will be closing this discussion due to that. As to your question: we can only know numbers of any cat breed based on registrations with fancier organisations such as the Cat Fanciers' Association. You'd need to contact them (as well as all other registries that recognise the breed) or check their websites to find out that information. This article does mention the main registries that recognise the breed. Traumnovelle (talk) 18:41, 14 May 2024 (UTC)
 * On second thought I can't be completely sure if you're asking about why this article doesn't mention that. Wikipedia does not typically collect meaningless statistics such as animal registrations due to them ever-changing and that raw numbers presented without context do nothing to help the reader understand the subject, see WP:NOTSTATS for more information on that policy. Traumnovelle (talk) 18:45, 14 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Savannah cat


text:
Jacques Arago

Jacques Étienne Victor Arago (6 March 1790 – 27 November 1855) was a French writer, artist and explorer, author of a Voyage Round the World.

Biography
Jacques was born in Estagel, Pyrénées-Orientales. He was the brother of François Arago (1786–1853), a scientist and politician, the most famous of the six Arago brothers. His parents were François Bonaventure Arago (1754–1814) and Marie Arago (1755–1845). His four other brothers were Jean Arago (1788–1836), a general in the Mexican army; Victor Arago (1792-1867), a military in France; Joseph Arago (1796-1860), also a military in France and Mexico, Étienne Arago (1802–1892), a writer and politician.

Jacques Arago joined Louis de Freycinet as an artist when he left Toulon in 1817 in command of a scientific voyage around the world aboard the corvette Uranie. The expedition returned in 1820 and Arago was the first to publish an account, the Promenade autour du monde, in the form of letters to a friend named Battle, in 1822. An English translation followed in 1823. He continued to expand on his adventures in further editions and in the late 1830s published a much longer version under the title Souvenirs d'un Aveugle (Memoirs of a Blind Man). There are significant differences from the Promenade and the reliability is in doubt. Having been given a challenge many years later by a lady at a social dinner, he then published Voyage autour du monde, sans la lettre A (Voyage around the world, without the letter A), later known as Curieux voyage autour du monde, in 1853, where he tells of his round trip lipogrammatically, that is, without once using the letter "A". The lady replied with a letter without the letter C.

On the Freycinet expedition to Hawaii in 1819, Arago "showed Riouriou a Camera obscura," the first such ever seen in the Hawaiian islands.

Although Arago lost his sight in 1837, he went on traveling and writing for the theater.

He died in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Over forty of his drawings were donated to the Honolulu Museum of Art by Frances Damon Holt.

Works

 * 1822 : Promenade autour du monde pendant les années 1817, 1818, 1819 et 1820, sur les corvettes du Roi L'Uranie et La Physicienne, commandées par M. Freycinet

Plays

 * 1825 : Le Compagnon d'infortune ou les Prisonniers, by Emmanuel Théaulon and Jacques Arago
 * 1832 : Le Duc de Reichstadt, by Louis Lurine and Jacques Arago
 * 1834 : Les Papillotes, by Jacques-François Ancelot and Jacques Arago
 * 1834 : Un noviciat diplomatique
 * 1836 : Le Cadet de Gascogne, by Léon Buquet and Jacques Arago
 * 1837 : Un mois à Naples, by Duplessy and Jacques Arago
 * 1838 : Mademoiselle d’Alvigny, lieutenant de dragons
 * 1840 : Le Camélia, by Édouard Gouin and Jacques Arago
 * 1840 : L’Éclat de rire, by Alexandre Martin and Jacques Arago

Essays

 * 1824 : Collection de proverbes et bons-mots
 * 1824 : Aux jeunes poètes de l'époque
 * 1827 : Le Fond du sac ou les Rognures de la censure
 * 1829 : Promenades historiques, philosophiques et pittoresques dans le département de la Gironde

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Jacques Arago


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Anuvind

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was - deleted - SimonP 03:46, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)

Anuvind
I can't tell what this is meant to be, but it certainly isn't notable. --Canderson7 14:03, May 29, 2005 (UTC)
 * According to this, Vind and Anuvind are minor characters in the Mahabharata. I've removed the final two paragraphs (attempt by a 12-year-old to use Wikipedia as a chat room). Uncle G 16:39, 2005 May 29 (UTC)
 * Redirect or merge to Mahabharata. -- Jonel 19:14, 29 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Minor characters in the Mahabharata would be better, I think. 4.245.77.63 14:22, 31 May 2005 (UTC)
 * That would be fine with me as well. - Jonel 14:39, 31 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Query - is there a policy on minor figures in religious texts? -- BD2412  talk  20:48, 2005 May 29 (UTC)
 * Comment - I would think they would get at least the same coverage as minor characters under WP:FICT, which suggests a "list of..." either in the Mahabharata article or a separate list of minor characters in the Mahabharata article. - Jonel 15:23, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable minor characters. JamesBurns 07:46, 2 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Something on this person should be in the encyclopedia but the present text is not of any value. - SimonP 03:46, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Anuvind


text:
Fijian name

Naming conventions in Fiji differ greatly, both between and within ethnic groups in Fiji. Indigenous Fijians have a set of cultural practices which today are more loosely followed, and to some extent blended with elements of European culture with regard to names. In the Indian community, traditional Indian naming practices co-exist with influence from the Fijian and European cultures.

Indigenous Fijians
The use of surnames is not traditional in Fijian culture. In recent years, it has become more common, but remains far from universal. Whether to have a surname, and if so, whether to use it, are very much a matter of personal preference. One's last name is not always, therefore, a surname.

The majority of Fijians have two given names, a Christian name taken usually from the Bible, and a traditional name. A child may be baptized or registered with a surname, usually derived from the father's traditional given name. It is not unusual for persons baptized with surnames to discard them; some reclaim them later in life, and some who did not originally have one may later adopt their father's traditional name as a surname. It is not unheard of for Fijians to be known by different names at different stages of their lives.

Fijian naming examples
Prime Minister Sitiveni Rabuka was known as "Sitiveni Ligamamada" in his earlier days as a rugby player. Another notable example is George Speight, the instigator of a coup d'état in 2000, who contested the subsequent election under the name of "Ilikimi Naitini." He did not need to change his name by deed poll; he only had to register his candidacy with his surname and English given name omitted. Maciu Navakasuasua, a convicted accomplice of Speight's, revealed on October 28, 2005 that he had emigrated to Australia and avoided a blacklist against his name by using his grandfather's surname, which was registered on both his birth certificate and his passport.

Given the non-universal use of surnames, it is not uncommon for several members of a family all to bear different last names. Well known examples include Ratu Epeli Nailatikau (the President of Fiji between 2009 and 2015) and his brother, Tu'uakitau Cokanauto.

Many Fijians who do not have surnames register their children with their own traditional given name as a surname. Well known examples include the late Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, Fiji's longtime Prime Minister and President, whose children are surnamed Mara, though it was his given name, not his surname as most foreigners wrongly suppose. President Nailatikau has likewise passed his given name on to his children as a surname.

Ratu Josefa Iloilovatu Uluivuda, better known simply as "Ratu Josefa Iloilo", who served as President of Fiji from 2000 to 2009, is an example of a Fijian who had a surname, but did not generally use it, except for legal purposes. Iloilo, the name by which he was generally known, which most non-Fijians mistakenly assumed to be his surname, was thus a diminutive of his second given name. This shortening of names is another common Fijian custom; another notable example of this phenomenon is rugby star Rupeni Caucaunibuca, widely referred to both inside and outside Fiji as Caucau.

Fijians of chiefly rank use titles with their names. In most parts of Fiji, the title used by male chiefs is Ratu; the female equivalent is Adi. In Rewa Province, the local dialect substitutes Ro for both titles. In the Lau Islands, male and female chiefs are both styled Roko, while in Kadavu Island and western areas female chiefs are titled Bulou. The title is used immediately before the name, or before another title (e.g., Ratu Sir Kamisese Mara, Ratu Dr. Epeli Nailatikau). However, it follows military titles (e.g., Brigadier general Ratu Epeli Ganilau).

Names in Tradition
Today, names may be inherited or passed on between relatives, but traditionally, Fijian names have a meaning and a history surrounding them. Before the arrival of Christianity and European culture, Fijian names were often based on circumstances or events surrounding the birth of the child, as well as other aspects. A modern example of a name that reflects both traditional and modern naming conventions is Joni Madraiwiwi, who served as Vice-President from 2004 to 2006. Joni is the Fijian rendering of "John". Madraiwiwi, which means "sour bread," was passed on from his grandfather, also Ratu Joni Madraiwiwi. The elder Madraiwiwi was named by his father, Mara Kapaiwai (a namesake, not an ancestor, of the modern Ratu Mara), who was facing execution and eating his last meal. Even the taste of bread had turned sour to him, hence the naming of his son.

Not all children were named for such dramatic events. Tanoa Senibua was named for the "fragrance of the Bua" flower which was in the air surrounding the child's birthplace, and "Tanoa" as the father of the child was drinking kava from a Tanoa when he received the news his son was born. A set protocol would be followed for the naming, but protocol is less strictly adhered to in this modern era.

English names
Several Fijian names have been borrowed from English.

Indo-Fijians
The names of Fiji Islanders of Indian ancestry provide clues to an individual's religion and caste, and to what part of India their ancestors came from. Muslims very often have names taken from the Quran, while Sikhs are almost invariably surnamed Singh (if male) or Kaur (if female). Contrary to a common misconception, however, not everybody bearing that name is a Sikh: the great majority are Hindu (such as arguably the most notable Indo-Fijian, golfer Vijay Singh). Surnames, although not universal in India, have been adopted by almost all Indo-Fijians (despite their less-than-universal use by indigenous Fijians).
 * See main article: Indian name

The caste system and names
Although the caste system is all but dead among Fiji Indians, Brahmins (priests) can be recognized by the surname, Sharma, while the Kshatriyas (warriors) can be recognized by the surname Singh.

title: Fijian name


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Green Isle

Green Isle may refer to a community in the United States:

 * Green Isle, Minnesota
 * Green Isle Township, Sibley County, Minnesota

title: Green Isle


text:
User talk:WBardwin/Chapter

Notes from Project Discussion Page
Right now I have written three pages, and I think that can be, if not enough perhaps for a chapter, then at least its a good start. Since I am not quite finished I won't post it on the project page yet, but I have put it in my user space. There are a number of things I would like to get comments on before "finalizing" the plot of the chapter (but, as I said, it is not done yet, I have a few more things to write).

Characters introduced:

 * Sir Gregory H. Christopher, protagonist and retired major
 * James "the Count" Winter, host and deceased
 * Johanna, his daughter
 * Adams, the butler
 * Lord Margret, a physician
 * Lady Janine Margret, his wife
 * Corporal Marsden, a young soldier
 * Lady Chetfield, anemic aristocrat
 * Roger Penfield, long time friend of the Count
 * Miss Inglewood, columnist
 * Ethelynn Strand, maid

Are these acceptable to everyone? I'm happy to change them if they arn't. If you want to introduce new characters, please do so in flashbacks or something, because I snowed the manor in. I'll be writing for a few more hours and see if I can get it done, but I'd love some comments if anyone has the energy to read what I wrote. Oh, and again, I apologise for the language. Gkhan 18:13, Apr 4, 2005 (UTC)

 * What if we took the info above, claimed a chapter, wrote from one of the listed characters or additional character's POV (I'll be Ethelynn, the new upstairs maid), and then put it together and edit jointly for content and flow? Each character would tell about events before, the murder, and events after from their POV, then we would have different snapshots to work from.  We could then jointly write the revelation of the murderer and the conclusion.  Having the first chapter to work from would be important, however.  How goes it, Gkhan? WBardwin 17:56, 28 May 2005 (UTC)

Working Notes:
Novel Name:
 * Something about the manor house: "The Storm at Ravencroft House" "Storm at Falconhill Manor"  "Death at Eaglecrest Manor"
 * Winter's Dark Past: "White Revenge"  "Death's Due"

Murder and discovery:
 * If Lady Margret's version stands, Ethelynn alerts Christopher that something is wrong upstairs. What if -- Ethelynn, in the course of work on the bedrooms, sees blood on Mr. Winter's doorframe and on the carpet nearby.  She knocks on his door, receives no response and goes for help.  Adams is busy (hauling coal/firewood) and she can't immediately find him, so she goes to Christopher (because as a near neighbor, he is the only one of the guests she has met) as she doesn't want to alarm Miss Johanna.  We might have to shuffle events and times -- a lot happens that evening in Chapter 1 -- however, almost everything there could happen before the Margrets arrive, and Ethelynn's entrance into the party could be delayed until the Margrets settle in and socialize a little.

House structure and layout:

 * I've established three stories with stairwells, two wings of bedrooms, an entry hall, kitchen, dining room and servant's working areas and quarters. Others have referred to a living room, a billiards room and perhaps a library.  A house of this type might have something like a "great hall" either built on an axis through the centre of the house or at right angles to the entrance.

Re: consistency in naming rooms, see the following taken from Dining Room:   " In the middle ages, Britons in castles or large manor houses would eat in the Great Hall. This was a large multi-function room capable of seating the bulk of the population of the house. The family would sit at the head table on a raised dias, with the rest of the population arrayed in order of diminishing rank away from them. Tables in the great hall would tend to be long trestle tables with benches. The Great Hall would have been extremely noisy, and likely would have been quite smokey and malodorous, making it an unpleasant place to hold a discussion."

"In response to the discomforts of dining in the Great Hall, the nobility began to construct parlours or drawing rooms off the Great Hall. These were far smaller rooms to which the nobility could withdraw to relax and talk in comparative quiet. Over time, the nobility took more of their meals in the parlour, and the parlour became, functionally, a dining room (or was split into two separate rooms). It also migrated farther from the Great Hall, often accessed via grand ceremonial staircases from the dias in the Great Hall. Eventually dining in the Great Hall became something that was done only on special occasions."

title: User talk:WBardwin/Chapter


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Green Lane

Green Lane may refer to:

 * Green lane (road), a type of route
 * Green Lane (Stockport), a defunct football ground in Stockport, England
 * Green Lane, George Town, Penang, Malaysia
 * Green Lane, London, United Kingdom
 * Green Lane, Pennsylvania, United States
 * Greenlane, Auckland, New Zealand
 * Green Lane, Singapore
 * Green Lane Bridge in Philadelphia

title: Green Lane


text:
Green Meadow

Green Meadow may refer to:

 * "The Green Meadow", a short story by H. P. Lovecraft and Winifred V. Jackson

Towns

 * Green Meadow, Delaware, US
 * Green Meadow, Florida, US
 * Green Meadow Township, Minnesota, US

Structures

 * Green Meadow Waldorf School, Chestnut Ridge, New York, US
 * Green Meadow (Odessa, Delaware), US, a historic house

title: Green Meadow


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Green Meadows

Green Meadows may refer to:

United States

 * Green Meadows, Los Angeles, a neighborhood in California
 * Green Meadows, Indiana, an unincorporated community in Tippecanoe County
 * Green Meadows, Prince George's County, Maryland, an unincorporated community
 * Green Meadows, Ohio, a census-designated place
 * Green Meadows, Oregon, a census-designated place

Other uses

 * Green Meadows, a fictional town in early drafts of Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, an American rural idyll turning dystopian, a town without birdsong

title: Green Meadows


text:
Green Oak

Green Oak may refer either to:

 * Green oak, a type of timber used in wood-framed buildings
 * Green Oak, Indiana
 * Green Oak Township, Michigan

title: Green Oak


text:
Manga (disambiguation)

Manga are comics or graphic novels originating from Japan.

Manga may also refer to:

Arts, entertainment and media

 * Manga (band), stylized maNga, a Turkish rock band
 * Manga (album), 2004
 * Manga+, 2006
 * Manga (magazine), a free quarterly by Tokyopop
 * Manga Entertainment, an American company
 * Hokusai Manga, a collection of sketches by Hokusai
 * The Citi Exhibition: Manga, an exhibition at the British Museum

Languages

 * Manga language (China), a Lolo-Burmese language
 * Manga Kanuri, a dialect of Kanuri language in Central Africa

Places

 * Manga Department, department in Zoundwéogo Province, Burkina Faso
 * Manga, Burkina Faso, capital of Manga Department and Zoundwéogo Province, Burkina Faso

People

 * Manga (surname)
 * Manga (footballer, born 1929), Agenor Gomes, a Brazilian footballer
 * Manga (footballer, born 1937), Haílton Corrêa de Arruda, a Brazilian footballer
 * Manga (rapper), a member of the British grime crew Roll Deep
 * Manga Arabs, Omani Arabs who have immigrated to parts of East Africa

Other uses

 * Manga (moth), of the family Noctuidae
 * Manga, a sub-formation of the tercio of the Spanish Army
 * Manga, word for mango in Portuguese and other languages

title: Manga (disambiguation)


text:
CFHK-FM

CFHK-FM is a Canadian radio station licensed to St. Thomas, Ontario, serving London and Southwestern Ontario. The station transmits at an effective radiated power of 22,000 watts (60,000 watts peak) at 103.1 MHz. Owned by Corus Entertainment, the station broadcasts a hot adult contemporary format branded as Fresh 103.1. Its studios and offices are located in downtown London while its transmitter is located on the CFPL-DT tower in Southwest London.

History
CFHK was originally CHLO, an AM station broadcasting on 680 kHz and with studios in St. Thomas, Ontario. In 1963, Rogers Radio Broadcasting Limited wanted to relocate the frequency of its Toronto station, CHFI, from 1540, which is a clear-channel frequency assigned to stations in the United States and the Bahamas, and as thus, CHFI was authorized to broadcast only during the daytime. Rogers selected 680 as the new frequency, which at that time was occupied by CHLO. In the late 1960s, an agreement was reached enabling CHFI to commence 24-hour broadcasting on 680, while sharing the frequency with CHLO; eventually, CHLO would relocate to 1570 in the 1970s. CHLO had a Top 40 music format during the 1960s into the 70s, and was a Music of Your Life station in the mid-1980s. After a number of years as a country station, CHLO moved to the FM band in 1994, changing its calls to CFHK-FM. CFHK, known on-air as The Hawk, had a modern rock format, which later evolved into classic rock. The station continued to operate out of St. Thomas until the late 1990s.

On January 12, 2000, CFHK joined the "Energy Radio" network, while The Hawk moved to co-owned CKDK in Woodstock. The Energy Radio network was unstable and station branding changed frequently. In 2002, the network was pulled. CFHK became local again as Energy 103, serving only London and surrounding area.

In August 2004, Energy Radio changed formats to its current Adult Top 40 format to go up against adult contemporary station CIQM-FM and adult hits station CHST-FM. The flip to hot AC was caused by previous hot AC station CHST-FM flipping to "Bob FM" in July 2003. In August 2005, the "Energy" brand was folded completely, and CFHK rebranded as 103.1 Fresh FM, due to the fact it could match the current CFHK calls. The morning program featuring "D, Mindy & Gord" moved from co-owned CFPL-FM to launch the new station format. At the same time CFHK-FM was brought out by Canwest.

On October 27, 2010, ownership hands changed again as Shaw Communications gained control of CFHK as a result of its acquisition of Canwest and Goldman Sachs' interest in CW Media. In February 2011, Mindy Williamson was let go from Fresh Mornings, as the radio station apparently indicated they were moving in another direction. D (Darrin Laidman) and Gord remained as morning show hosts for a while longer. Fresh Mornings hosts are now Mark LeBel, Kim Woodbridge and Ian. Williamson is at CKLO-FM with the Stax morning show and D. is now morning host at CING-FM in Hamilton.

By September 2010, CIQM flipped to hot adult contemporary from its longtime adult contemporary format, competing with CFHK. By August 2012, CIQM flipped to Top 40/CHR, leaving CFHK as the only Hot AC station again in London. This was to fill the void left by the pre-2004 CFHK.

On December 11, 2013, Corus Radio received CRTC approval to change the authorized contours of CFHK, as well as its class from B to C1, plus increasing the average effective radiated power (ERP) from 16,700 watts to 22,000 watts (maximum ERP from 50,000 watts to 60,000 watts), increasing the effective height of the antenna above average terrain (HAAT) from 150 metres to 179.6 metres, and relocating the transmission site from its current location, on Elgin County Road 30 at Truman Line north of St. Thomas, to its new location on CFPL-DT's tower in London. The station will broadcast directionally towards the north and south, to protect other stations on or first-adjacent to CFHK, including WQUS Lapeer, Michigan, CKCI-FM Sarnia, and CKLH-FM Hamilton. On April 1, 2016, as part of a corporate re-organization, Shaw Media was merged into Shaw's sister company, Corus Entertainment. Shortly thereafter, CFHK received a new look and a new "103.1" logo.

In late December 2020, CFHK slightly rebranded as Fresh 103.1 with a new logo and slogan "Today's Best Music".

title: CFHK-FM


text:
Shen ring

In ancient Egypt a shen ring was a circle with a line tangent to it, represented in hieroglyphs as a stylised loop of a rope. The word shen itself means, in ancient Egyptian, encircle, while the shen ring represented eternal protection.

In Gardiner's sign list, it is sign V9.

Shen ring use in iconography
The shen ring is most often seen carried by the falcon god Horus, but was also carried by the vulture goddess Nekhbet. It was used as early as the Third Dynasty where it can be seen in the reliefs from Djoser's Step Pyramid complex.

The symbol could be stretched to contain other objects, which were then understood as being eternally protected by the shen ring. In its elongated form the shen ring became the cartouche, which enclosed and protected a royal name.

 * The Goddess Heqet, (the 'Frog'), is often seated on a shenu.

 * For Eternity, the renpit, papyrus stalk is usually based on top of a Shen ring. See the Egyptian god Huh.  (Senusret I has a famous Lintel relief showing this.)

 * The shen ring is often attached to various types of staffs, the staff of authority, or power, symbolizing the Eternal authority of that power.

 * The Goddess Isis, and the Goddess Nekhbet are often shown kneeling, with their hands resting upon a shenu.

 * The Hawk (Horus), and the Vulture (Goddess Mut) have the shenu in their talons, wings outstretched, over the scene portrayed. The "Horus with Outstretched Wings", shenus in its talons, is an example from the Louvre of a Pectoral Brooch, possibly for royalty.

Outside of Egypt, a Tartessian archaeological site, Cancho Roano in southern Spain, has a shen ring shaped altar.

title: Shen ring


text:
Green Oaks

Green Oaks may refer to:
 * Green Oaks, Illinois, United States
 * Green Oaks, Nova Scotia, Canada
 * Green Oaks, Western Cape, South Africa

title: Green Oaks


text:
Constitution of Syria

The current Constitution of the Syrian Arab Republic was adopted on 26 February 2012, replacing one that had been in force since 13 March 1973. The current constitution designates the state's government as a "democratic" and "republican" system. It determines Syria's identity as Arab and describes the country as a part of the wider "Arab homeland" and its people as an integral part of the Arab nation. The constitution supports the Pan-Arab programme for co-operation with other Arab nations to eventually achieve Arab Union.

Early constitutions
The Syrian Constitution of 1930, drafted by a committee under Ibrahim Hananu, was the founding constitution of the First Syrian Republic. The constitution required the President to be of Muslim faith (article 3). It was replaced by the Constitution of 5 September 1950, which was restored following the Constitution of 10 July 1953 and the Provisional Constitution of the United Arab Republic. It was eventually replaced by the Provisional Constitution of 25 April 1964 which itself was replaced by the Provisional Constitution of 1 May 1969.

Constitution of 1973
A new constitution was adopted on 13 March 1973 and was in use until 27 February 2012. It entrenched the power of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, its §8 describing the party as "the leading party in the society and the state", even if Syria was not, as is often believed, a one-party system in formal terms. The constitution has been amended twice. Article 6 was amended in 1981. The constitution was last amended in 2000 when the minimum age of the President was lowered from 40 to 34.

Constitution of 2012
Following the 2011 Syrian revolution, Syrian government drafted a new constitution and put it to referendum on 26 February 2012, which was unmonitored by international observers. The modifications in the constitution were cosmetic and part of Ba'athist government's response to the nation-wide protests. Since the move monopolized power of the Government of Syria and was drafted without consultation outside loyalist circles, Syrian opposition and revolutionary parties boycotted the referendum, resulting in very low participation as per government data. The referendum resulted in the adoption of the new constitution, which came into force on 27 February 2012.

Proposed Constitution of 2017
On the 23th of January, 2017 Russian diplomats presented a draft constitution for a new Syrian constitution which was rejected the opposition delegates. The Draft removed the word; "Arabic" from the official name of the country "Syrian Arab Republic" as a concession to the Kurdish Population. The draft from the Russian delegation also proposed the removing Article 3 of the current 2012 Syrian constitution that stipulated that the president has to be part of the Muslim faith. Additionally, the draft 2017 constitution also presented that the Syrian president would only be allowed to be elected for one term of seven years, without the right to re-election. The Constitution would have made the country have a parliament with two chambers and rejects Islamic sharia as the basis for law.

Overview
The new constitution of 2012 consolidated the authoritarian structure and centralized it under a highly powerful presidency. It also maintains Ba'ath party's explicitly Arab nationalist stance and advocates regional integration as a means for achieving "Arab Unity". The constitution declares Arabic as the official language of the country. The Constitution is divided into 6 parts (excluding the Introduction) which are called Chapters.
 * Introduction
 * Chapter 1: Basic Principles
 * Chapter 2: Rights, Freedoms and the Rule of Law
 * Chapter 3: State Authorities
 * Chapter 4: The Supreme Constitutional Court
 * Chapter 5: Amending the Constitution
 * Chapter 6: General and Transitional Provisions

Modifications
Notable changes in the constitution include:
 * It abolished the old article 8, which had entrenched the power of the Ba'ath party. The new article 8 reads: "The political system is based on the principle of political pluralism, and rule is only obtained and exercised democratically through voting", while stating that legal mechanisms "shall regulate the provisions and procedures related to the formation of political parties"
 * In a new article 88, it limited the term of office for the president to seven years with a maximum of one re-election. However, Bashar al-Assad is empowered to extend his mandate beyond this time-period as per article 87, which obliges the current President to continue his rule "if no new head of state is elected".

Expansion of Presidential Powers
Articles 83-150 of the new constitution increased the Presidential powers in the executive, legislature and judiciary. The executive role of the Syrian President presumes his control over all three branches, bestowing the President with unchecked powers through at least 21 articles. Some of the extraordinary powers bestowed by the 2012 Constitution that elevates the Presidential role include:

 * Article 97 bestows President with the authority to appoint and dismiss the Prime Minister, Council of ministers and their deputies.
 * "president of the republic formulates general policies of the state and oversees implementation." (Article 98).
 * Article 100 grants veto powers to the President to accept or reject laws passed by the legislature known as the People's Assembly
 * Article 101 charges President with the power to "pass decrees, decisions and orders". Article 113 also stipulates that the President has powers to bypass the People's Assembly to pass laws
 * Article 103 entrusts the President with the power to declare or repeal a "state of emergency" during a session with his Council of Ministers
 * Article 105 designates the President as "Commander in Chief of the army and armed forces" who enjoys its "absolute authority" and directly oversees "all the decisions necessary to exercise this authority." These include "decisions regarding military power, declaring war and concluding peace agreements (article 102)"
 * "President of the Republic appoints civilian and military employees and ends their services" (Article 106)
 * "The President of the Republic concludes international treaties and agreements and revokes them" (Article 107)
 * Article 111 entitles the President to "dissolve the People's Assembly" as per his orders
 * Article 112 enables the President to propose legislation to the parliament
 * Article 113 charges the President with the role of legislative authority if the parliament is not in session and also during the parliamentary sessions "if absolute necessity requires".
 * Article 114 allows the President to take quick, extraordinary measures if he determines the country to be in "grave danger"
 * President can establish "special bodies, councils and committees" which operate independently of the constitutional structures (Article 115)
 * "the president of the council of ministers, his deputies and ministers are responsible before the president." (Article 121)
 * Article 124 empowers the President to refer the prime minister and his Council of ministers to a court of law for civil or criminal offenses. An indictment results in their suspension, and may also be accompanied by dismissal if the President decides so.
 * "Supreme Judicial Council is headed by the President of the Republic" (Article 133)
 * Article 141 sub-ordinates the Supreme Constitutional Court to the President

Criticism
The 2012 Constitution remains un-recognized by almost all bodies of the Syrian opposition, which boycotted the referendum. The constitution was drafted by Ba'athist loyalists and was part of government attempts to monopolise its power as well as suppressing the 2011-12 Syrian protests. International experts have assessed that the constitution has no "checks and balances", making it unfeasible for a political transition. Syrian opposition activists have demanded the repeal of at least 21 clauses in the Constitution which bestows unrestrained powers on the President, banishment of emergency courts and the withdrawal of more than 20 emergency edicts as the precondition to start a meaningful transition process. Popular Front for Change and Liberation, the sole opposition front that had initially participated in the Syrian People's Assembly, withdrew its recognition in 2016 after Bashar al-Assad's scuttling of the Geneva negotiations.

title: Constitution of Syria


text:
Talk:Nazi architecture

"The Speer of Hamburg"
Would be great if there would be an English article about Konstanty Gutschow. Use Deepl for translation. https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstanty_Gutschow https://www.ndr.de/kultur/geschichte/chronologie/Hitlers-Hafen-Die-Nazi-Plaene-fuer-Hamburg-,hitlershafen101.html https://www.ndr.de/kultur/geschichte/chronologie/hitlershafen101_page-2.html — Preceding unsigned comment added by 2A02:8109:B40:2258:A990:E820:A369:6186 (talk) 11:03, 4 November 2018 (UTC)

Untitled
I'm sorry but this article needs significant editing. It could be cut for length, and the first half uses opinion that is unsubstantiated in most cases and reads, overall, like an essay. --Dolyaie (talk) 09:18, 4 December 2012 (UTC)

Very well written, thorough article. Has anyone thought of a FA nomination, or might it be too long? --Impaciente 08:22, 4 December 2005 (UTC)

It could be shorter. The section on slave labour is too speculative and not close enough to the topic for an encyclopedia article. --213.39.207.184 16:03, 8 July 2006 (UTC)

Interesting article. Alexander 007 02:20, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Okay, how long have you been reading at the Nazi Architecture webpage for awhile now ?

Who do we report 69.192.205.46 too for deleting the full Nazi Architecture webpage ??

Report vandalism here: WP:VIP. Alexander 007 18:15, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Romanesque
I removed Category:Nazi architecture from Category:Romanesque architecture and User:Endurance told me:
 * Nazi architecture is quite Romanesque please to your research before blindly deleting references. Endurance 01:40, 14 July 2005 (UTC)

I read quickly the article and see no mention and no relation to Romanesque. It could be argued that it is a variant of Neoclassicism, but if it is viewed as a branch of Romanesque, please state that in the article with an explanation. --Error 00:29, 16 July 2005 (UTC)

Since when have the Greeks been the "alleged ancestors of the Germans"?

The Nazi's attempted to create a link between the Germans and the Greeks; however, this was a falsehood. Please read the Nazi architecture webpage for more information.

For a number of reasons, this, to me, reads far more like an essay than an encyclopedia article.

Also unimpressed with this section "Speer's style was assimilating the international 1930s style of public architecture, which was then being pursued as a modernising classicism. This is in direct contrast to Peter Adams's attempts to separate Nazi art from the Zeitgeist and present it as something that can be looked at through only the lens of Auschwitz. This is trying to establish by default a thesis that ugly regimes must produce ugly buildings and such regimes are so evil that everything they produce must be evil or third-rate. The reality was that destroying to build anew was a standard polemical gesture of the Modernist movement and the styles chosen were not unlike the ones being used at the time." Source? Whose scholarship is this? And the "Peter Adams" link identifies his real name as Peter Adam... 81.108.134.217 (talk) 22:52, 8 October 2009 (UTC)

Copyright problems of associated articles
This is just a quick note to inform any interested parties that many articles related to this one were found to be copyright violations and have been blanked. Specifically, Das Schwarze Korps, House of German Art, Neville Henderson, Zeppelin field, Lustgarten and Thingplatz had to be blanked, and Ordensburg faced significant reversion. It is unfortunate that so much material was copyrighted, and I hope free content can be created to replace the lost articles. LizardWizard 05:16, August 21, 2005 (UTC)
 * Update: User:WritersCramp has rewritten Das Schwarze Korps. Thanks! LizardWizard 19:10, August 21, 2005 (UTC)

Category Architecture
As this article is placed in both Category:Architectural styles and Category:Architectural history there is no need to put it into the uber Category:Architecture, which we are trying to cleanup. -- Dogears 00:24, 6 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Please list the problem architecture and provide a citation to it's removal. Cordially SirIsaacBrock 21:26, 14 March 2006 (UTC)

Much of this entry is directly quoted from the Scobie text rather than paraphrased or cited in quotations. It should be removed.

Nazi Construction
This bit needs serious cleaning up. A number of the links link to the same building, and a number of the buildings were built long before the Nazi era.

 * Please list the problem architecture and provide a citation to it's removal. Cordially SirIsaacBrock 21:26, 14 March 2006 (UTC)

Accuracy of List of Builders
I wouldn't exactly call Mies van der Rohe one of "Hitler's builders":

 * Nazi political pressure forced Mies to close the school, a victim of its previous association with socialism, communism, and other progressive ideologies. He built very little in that decade (his major built commission was Philip Johnson's New York apartment), his style rejected by the Nazis as not "German" in character. He left his homeland reluctantly in 1937 as he saw his opportunity for future building commissions vanish, accepting a residential commission in Wyoming and then an offer to head an architectural school in Chicago. (from Mies van der Rohe)

I have removed him from the list. Perhaps someone should check the other names. Selfinformation 22:59, 2 May 2006 (UTC)

Fritz Hoger
Why is Fritz Höger in the list? He supported the Nazis and he practised architecture in Nazi Germany, but that does not in any meaningful sense make him a "Nazi architect". Has the author got a source for this? Höger's style was expressionist, not neo-classicist or völkisch. Höger failed to gain an appointment as a state architect under the Nazis. --213.39.207.184 16:03, 8 July 2006 (UTC)

 * "The Word in Stone" - pg. 60, 113 & 152 Porky Pig 17:15, 8 July 2006 (UTC)

Heinrich Tessenow
I removed Tessenow from the list of Hitler's builders because he never built anything for the NSDAP. "Tessenow [...] did not participate in the construction the the great national-socialists buildings, even though Speer tried several times to obtain his collaboration" in REICHEL, Peter, La fascination du nazisme, Paris, Odile Jacob, 1993, p. 316. My bad translation from french, but the book exists in English. Icitonpere (talk) 19:18, 27 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Tessnow was an associate and assisted Speer. Although Tessenow repudiated National Socialism, and one source identifies him as Jewish, unlike a score of his colleagues he remained in Germany through the course of World War II, protected by his former student. Speer intervened with the Minister of Education on Tessenow's behalf to preserve his academic position. Tessenow verified this on his deathbed in 1950. Chessy999 (talk) 21:00, 27 April 2008 (UTC)

 * The fact Tessenow could keep his academic position does not mean in any way that he built anything for the nazi party. Leon Krier, in Albert Speer Architecture, a book for which he did extensive interviews with Speer himself, state Tessenow did not build for the nazi regime. Barbara Miller Lane, in Architecture and Politics in Germany, says the same thing. Peter Reichel, cited above, says it too. Help me, if you are that knowledgeable: what document cites an evidence of Tessenow architectural activities during the Third Reich, that these scholars have not read? Icitonpere (talk) 22:03, 27 April 2008 (UTC)

 * He assisted Speer, which in reality kept him alive. Chessy999 (talk) 23:04, 27 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Architects never work alone, except on very small scale project. If not a single architectural project can be put under his name, he should not be in that list. If Tessenow had wanted to build for the nazis, he could have done it; but he did not want, and he did not, period. To know if he draw or not, if he counseled or not Speer does not really matter; he simply did not build. So i will remove him again. And if you stubbornly put him back there, bring some DOCUMENTED evidence, please. This would help your credibility. Icitonpere (talk) 23:21, 27 April 2008 (UTC)

Peter Behrens
Peter Behrens "achieved success under the Third Reich" in REICHEL, Peter, La fascination du nazisme, Paris, Odile Jacob, 1993, p. 317. Icitonpere (talk) 19:39, 27 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Behrens became associated with Hitler's urbanistic dreams for Berlin with the commission for the new head quarters of the AEG on Albert Speer's famous planned north-south axis. Speer reported that his selection of Behrens for this commission was rejected by the powerful Alfred Rosenberg, but that his decision was supported by Hitler who admired Behrens's St. Petersburg Embassy. Behrens and the academy helped his cause by reporting to the Ministry that Behrens had early joined the then illegal Nazi party in Austria on May Day of 1934. Chessy999 (talk) 20:58, 27 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Behrens actually did built a model for the Berlin Plan coordinated by Speer, the AEG Building, which was to be on the Great Avenue, in front of the Hermann-Göring building. Is that not enough evidence of architectural activity? (model illustrated in Lars Olof Larsson, Albert Speer - Le plan de berlin, Bruxelles, Archives d'architecture moderne, p. 98, 100.)Icitonpere (talk) 22:11, 27 April 2008 (UTC)

 * Yes Chessy999 (talk) 23:03, 27 April 2008 (UTC)

Images?
This article is definitely in need of some illustrations... I'm not an expert, but I think an article on architecture should at least provide some examples. Selfinformation 12:58, 3 May 2006 (UTC)

 * Check the articles history, there use to be many old pics, but the administrators deleted them. Porky Pig 17:48, 8 July 2006 (UTC)

Contents
Why does the "contents" frame appear in the middle of the article? Selfinformation 13:07, 3 May 2006 (UTC)

 * to the left side for me SirIsaacBrock 22:43, 3 May 2006 (UTC)

 * I mean not at the beginning, vertically... Selfinformation 01:18, 4 May 2006 (UTC)

One Picture?!?!
For the love of god this is a very long and detailed article but there is only one relativly small picture of the top of a piller to illustrate the point!? Come on whoever spent so much time writing the article can most certainly find images of it. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 70.246.51.216 (talk • contribs).

 * Given that Wikipedia is a collaborative effort, it might be better to put some work into the article yourself rather than criticizing others who have already put a lot of effort into it. Your time is most certianly better spent helping to improve the article rather than complaining about the work of other people.  So go ahead and contribute photos to the article.  Just make sure their use on Wikipedia does not violate Copyrights. --Skeezix1000 12:42, 24 July 2006 (UTC)

Images and copyright issues
I see that there is a call going out here for images. I have some, but here is the issue. One of my books, A Nation Builds: Contemporary German Architecture was published in 1940 by the German Library of Information, NY NY and the other, Architektur Und Bauplastik der Gergenwart by Werner Rittich was published by [as far as I can tell] Rembrandt-Verlag G.M.B.H., Berlin in 1938. I have tried to track down and/or figure out the copyright issues here and am sort of ending up at some sort of Fair Use listing - but i need help on this. So, feel free to pich in, drop me a line or something. Carptrash 18:16, 9 October 2006 (UTC)

Unencyclopedic or something, I guess
This page reads much more like an essay (which, I presume, it started out as) than as a Wikipedia article. I think the paragraphs and need to be broken up and the wording made less longwinded. Vorratt 22:26, 30 April 2007 (UTC)

agreed--Dolyaie (talk) 09:21, 4 December 2012 (UTC)

I would cite problems that go beyond the "essay style". Much of the language praises the architecture as successful and seems to imply that Nazism (or at least its city planning) would have "worked" just like Roman architecture "worked". That's an interesting point, if someone with expertise can be cited. It doesn't seem to be proper for a wiki article to endorse such a claim. -- Murfmensch

Ruin value
There's a separate article titled "Ruin Value" not linked to anywhere here; I concur with the comment on its talk page:

"I believe it does warrant its own page, however, but certainly the lion's share of the information should be moved here with a "Main article:" tag in its place."

Coughinink 11:22, 16 September 2007 (UTC)

 * Done Jkatzen (talk) 16:37, 19 June 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:NaziArch2.jpg
Image:NaziArch2.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 18:03, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:NaziArch3.jpg
Image:NaziArch3.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 18:03, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:NaziArchBreker2.jpg
Image:NaziArchBreker2.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 18:03, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:German pavilion 1937.jpg
Image:German pavilion 1937.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 22:55, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

Wiktionary
For your interest there is Nomination For Deletion vote for Nazi architecture at Wiktionary. Green Squares (talk) 09:32, 23 June 2008 (UTC)

U-Bahn station Thälmann-Platz
It does not seem correct that marble from the Reich Chancellery was used to build the U-Bahn station "Thälmann-Platz" (?). Can anyone confirm this? EriFr (talk) 22:32, 7 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I can't find the source right now, but I do recall reading that in one of the books I read recently. srushe (talk) 09:22, 8 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I'll add the fact that the U-Bahn station at Mohrenstrasse is build with marmor from the former Reich Chancellery. 79.136.63.144 EriFr (talk)

 * Is this true? The article for Mohrenstrasse says otherwise.  Pm06420 (talk) 03:42, 14 September 2013 (UTC)

Comparision to the German Lemma
I had been working on the German lemma Architektur im Nationalsozialismus and just was asked to compare it with what youre doing here. Seems we have two completely different approaches. I would like ot summarize shortly what seems to be different and ask you for a feedback. BR --Polentario (talk) 18:50, 26 July 2009 (UTC)
 * 1) The english lemma tries to set up a holistic view "The Nazi architeture", the german version his much more about the polyratic aspects and the developements of different tendencies within time, organizations and sector (e.g. the SS versus state, industry and defence, KdF and barracks etc)
 * 2) The german lemma has much more about the follow up of some of the Nazi concepts within postwar germany, it can be shown that a big amount of plannings and technology deliberations of the Wiederaufbaustab, a expert circle lead by Rudolf Wolters during the war was used in Post war germany, however minus the power projecting aspect - you seem to focus especially on the megaplannings of Speer for Hitler, but the much more realistic approach of the Wiederaufbaustab is lacking
 * 3) The German side has much more pics and specifies plannings for different cities and goes down on the single construcion level, you - dont shoot me -  have built up an awful lot of text!
 * 4) I personally miss some eyeopeners from German literature, so e.g. was the planning and execution of the Atlantic wall highly expressionist, Christoph Hackelsberger compared the style of the fortresses there with the Goetheanum in Dornach, the Reichsautobahn construction and especially the landscape planning was a major push for ecology and especially geobotanics as a science with Alwin Seifert as a leading ecology flagholder before and after 45, the main technology for wind energy used nowadays (globally) was developed by Ulrich W. Hütter in close cooperation with the SS in Weimar so on. The technical challenges and solutions developed are quite interesting but not yet a focus in the english lemma.
 * 5) Finally, I lack a sort of nowadays legacy, some of the main buildings have been released from allied military control and been handed over to the German loacal governements in the last decade, inclusing Obersalzberg and the Ordensburg Vogelsang and discussion how to use them in the future are quite recent.

Führer
Personally, I feel that the article should refer to Hitler as Hitler, rather than as "Führer." I understand that the writer is likely not actually acknowledging Hitler as his or her Führer, but it just seems distasteful, as well as a POV issue....PurpleChez (talk) 04:39, 11 November 2010 (UTC)

I agree. Can one just change that or is there some form of approval needed? (new to wikipedia) Bloubok (talk) 17:02, 22 September 2014 (UTC)

Effect
The entire Nazi architecture is actually a kind of cemetery architecture for everyday life. Clear, straight lines with stylized elements united in symmetry. Fire bowls, bows, which are almost always used in crypts. Ornaments in stone that look like coffins of decorative moldings.--Kanjawe (talk) 07:50, 24 June 2011 (UTC)

Original Research?
The first section, and the three that follow simply do not cite sources and read far less like an encyclopedia article and more like someone's reasearch paper. 68.183.202.217 (talk) 14:57, 16 January 2013 (UTC)
 * Agree - can someone please help? I'm not an SME in this topic. Regards, DPdH (talk) 06:58, 4 April 2014 (UTC)

More citations to sources are needed
Hi all, as the topic is potentially controversial (being related to Nazism, which in turn is considered controversial) and given that for such a long articles there are only about 40 inline citaitons, I've tagged the article as "refimprove" and will add "citation needed" tags wherever I find a potentially "controversial" or "original research-like" paragraph. Hope this will help improve this interesting article. Regards, DPdH (talk) 06:57, 4 April 2014 (UTC)

Clean up
This article is a bit verbose and needs some clean up in the areas of style, grammar and formatting. Encyclopedic style also needs to be worked on; parts of this sound like a documentary. We should at least stick a few "cleanup" templates in here. — ʀoyoтϵ 01:33, 18 September 2014 (UTC)

too ambiguous
I don't think that this sentence - or the tag for that matter- belong.
 * "The new building style may have been intended to give the idea to the rest of the world and to the unconverted Germans that the era of the thousand-year Reich had dawned."

Any sentence that starts with "may" sort of begs the question, "Or may not?" Carptrash (talk) 20:49, 6 December 2014 (UTC)

Tone is pro hitler
Several sentences have a tone supporting hitler and worse some guess what further expansion of the horrid empire would mean. Very uncouth. Very gross. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.21.95.46 (talk) 06:34, 9 December 2014 (UTC)
 * Please point out which sentences you are referring to. Copy & paste works well for that.Carptrash (talk) 07:12, 9 December 2014 (UTC)

Cite book
Will there be objections if I revert all refs to format (Harvard style)? Carlotm (talk) 22:51, 17 August 2015 (UTC)

Copyvio
Large passages in this article are copied from Scobie, Hitler's State Architecture and Taylor, The Word in Stone. These additions appear to date from a long series of edits by User:WritersCramp (25k 2005-05-28 through 06-13), User:Endurance (6kb in 2005-07-06 through -16). Another big block of text comes from the initial version of this article written by User:Rsloch and including no sources. (20k, 2004-03-23). A quick look shows that much of the text from these three contributors is still in the article, which was 72k long before I started removing copyvios. That is, potentially (25k+6k+20k)/72k = 71% of the article comes from these contaminated or unsourced edits. This problem was already noted in this Talk page in 2005 for related articles and for this one in 2007. User talk:WritersCramp also shows a pattern of bad behavior, including around copyvios.

I am afraid this means that the article needs to be deleted and started from scratch. It just won't be possible to disentangle the copyvios and text derived from the copyvios from the clean text. Sadly, many other editors have worked on the article since these copyvios were added. But I don't think it will be possible to save their work. --Macrakis (talk) 19:04, 29 November 2015 (UTC)

 * I was working around a new lead which can be read as follow:

Nazi architecture was the unchallenged expression in buildings and city planning of the idea of total supremacy of the Nazi regime over the German Volksgenosse (people) reduced to an obedient and mindless element framed within a military formation. To this end the Nazi regime adopted a rigid, linear, static, symmetric and antimodernist style, overwhelming in its absurd dimensioning, to build a propagandistic, and in the same time pedagogical, eternal stage for the regime celebrations.

Where architectures had to solve more functional and less celebratory tasks, the hyperbolic neoclassicism was usually abandoned for solutions deemed representative of an expressionistic Germanic style: use of stone or, at least, of rugged surfaces, minimization of glass surfaces and metallic element, steep roofs were the main characteristics of this second approach, not related to ancient classical examples but immersed in a so-called German meltpot.

Their efforts were quite successful; in the years 1934-1943 Nazi Germany was flooded by countless new constructions and buildings, and projects about city planning which would have been carried out if only they would have won the war. Certainly the pathological fanaticism in architectural planning shown by Hitler played a significant role: all the most important projects were brought forward by the tasked architect always under the direct supervision of Adolf Hitler. The leading protagonists of the Nazi style were architects Paul Troost, Ludwig Ruff, Hermann Giesler, Wilhelm Kreis, Clemens Klotz, Roderich Fick and in particular Albert Speer who was the first to bring in his projects that particular architectural feature of political belligerence which became typical especially of Nazi celebratory architecture.

 * If it can be the basis for a total revision, replace the current lead and avoid deleting the page. Carlotm (talk) 04:11, 30 November 2015 (UTC)

 * Wikipedia is generally more descriptive and less interpretative than the text above. The WP editorial voice eschews expressions like "absurd dimensioning", "hyperbolic neoclassicism", and so on, no matter how much we may agree with them. Interpretation like that is typically reported on, not adopted as an editorial position. Also, there's been a lot of work on Nazi and Italian Fascist architecture since 1963, when Brenner was writing. --Macrakis (talk) 04:33, 30 November 2015 (UTC)

 * Hundreds of editors have participated in this article and there are many citations from legitimate sources. I am placing the article back.  If you want to participate and improve the article you are free to do so, deleting the article is unacceptable to me and the many editors that have written the article over the past ten-years.  Cheers IQ125 (talk) 22:18, 6 December 2015 (UTC)
 * Unfortunately all those editors failed to notice that the bulk of the text is at best in entirely the wrong style and tone, and at worst plagiarism and/or copyvio. I agree it needs a ground-up rewrite. EEng (talk) 02:55, 7 December 2015 (UTC)

 * Agreed. Beyond the plagiarism/copyvio, this article seems to be about the theory of Nazi architecture as interpreted by certain authors, and doesn't even bother to talk about particular buildings or urban designs. It is an essay, not a WP article. --Macrakis (talk) 20:21, 7 December 2015 (UTC)
 * It is a bit, er... abstract. EEng (talk) 23:14, 7 December 2015 (UTC)

Somewhat essay-like tone
It's scattered, but it's there in such passages as
 * " Fundamentally, it was decadent baroque comparable to the style that accompanied the decline of the Roman Empire. Thus, in the realm of architecture, as in painting and sculpture, Hitler really remained arrested in the world of his youth: the world of 1880 to 1910, which stamped its imprint on his artistic taste as on his political and ideological conceptions."
 * This paragraph was copied from Inside the Third Reich, p42. MER-C 13:38, 19 January 2016 (UTC)

It's a bit much sometimes. EEng (talk) 02:39, 7 December 2015 (UTC)
 * "Thus, buildings like the Congress Hall in Nuremberg and the Volkshalle in Berlin, inspired by the Colosseum and the Pantheon, respectively, were not merely symbols of tradition, order and reliability, but signaled a far more sinister intention on the part of the autocrat who commissioned them: a return to Roman ethics, which recognized the natural right of a conqueror to enslave conquered peoples in the most literal sense of the word, a right already made manifest even within the sphere of architecture by the creation of concentration camps, whose inmates were forced to quarry the stone for the Reich's buildings"

Um, it looks like my concern is the same as the one in the just-prior thread, so I've merged them. EEng (talk) 02:41, 7 December 2015 (UTC)

And "inseminated with the seed" has got to go. EEng (talk) 02:42, 7 December 2015 (UTC)

Article reset
Having come across this article as a patrolling administrator at Copyright problems (after some time ago moving this article from CSD this because it needed more thorough evaluation), I note:
 * The paragraph starting with "Inevitably, after Hitler's defeat, the colossal dimensions of his buildings tended to be seen, as they were by Speer in his memoirs" appears to have been copied from Hitler's State Architecture p136. (Google Books shows the entire sentence, but only that sentence at any given time. You'll get the best results for 10-word passages.)
 * The paragraph "Symbolism, graphic art and hortatory inscriptions were prominent in all forms of Nazi-approved architecture" was copied from The Word in Stone p13.
 * The paragraph "A notable feature of these rallies was that they were often held at night with spectacular light effects, such as powerful search" was copied from Hitler's State Architecture p72.
 * The paragraph "Had Hitler achieved all his political and military aims and had his successors consolidated and perhaps even expanded his territorial gains" appears to have been copied from Hitler's State Architecture p136.
 * The paragraph "The use of forced labour on building sites both in Rome and in the provinces was a normal Roman practice." appears to have been copied from Hitler's State Architecture p137.
 * The paragraph "Hitler was quite fond of the numerous theatres built by Hermann and Ferdinand Fellner, who built in the late baroque style" was closely paraphrased from Inside the Third Reich p41-42.

Given that I've verified copying from the books above, I've reset the article to a stub. The general essay-like tone also suggests copyvio. The history had to go because the suspect content was, essentially, the whole article. Further edits also need to be removed, because the article remains a derivative work (see also FAQ/Copyright). MER-C 13:08, 19 January 2016 (UTC)

Assessment comment
Substituted at 01:00, 30 April 2016 (UTC)

Context of architecture
I added two paragraphs about how the architecture differs from Classism, citing a psychological study that found people reacted differently to Nazi buildings than typical examples of Classism. I also added a section about the context under which the buildings were created. Part of the history of the architecture was that the buildings were built for reasons beyond aesthetics––they were also helping the Nazis exterminate people by providing more situations for forced-labor. It's important to consider on this page because Nazi architecture was not just a style, it was an entire political system. Goldrider (talk) 09:51, 14 November 2018 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: History of Modern Design
— Assignment last updated by Antje Gamble (talk) 19:51, 27 March 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Nazi architecture


text:
Edinburgh Central (UK Parliament constituency)

Edinburgh Central was a burgh constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (at Westminster) from 1885 to 2005. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election.

In 1999, a Scottish Parliament constituency was created with the same name and boundaries, and continues in use. See Edinburgh Central (Scottish Parliament constituency).

From 1925 until 1999, the Member of Parliament for the Westminster constituency was an ex officio member of the Board of Trustees of the National Library of Scotland. Since 1999, that role has been taken by the Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the Scottish Parliament constituency.

Boundaries
1885–1918: The Municipal Wards of St. Giles, George Square, and St. Leonard, except so much as is comprised in the Edinburgh East Division (being the part to the north of a line drawn along the centres of East and West Richmond Streets).

1918–1950: The George Square, St. Giles' and St. Leonard's Municipal Wards of Edinburgh.

1950–1955: The George Square, Holyrood, and St Giles wards of the county of the city of Edinburgh.

1955–1974: The George Square, Holyrood, and St Giles wards of the county of the city of Edinburgh; and part of Gorgie-Dalry ward.

1974–1983: The George Square, Gorgie-Dalry, Holyrood, and St Giles wards of the county of the city of Edinburgh; and part of Merchiston ward.

1983–1997: The City of Edinburgh District electoral divisions of Dalry/Shandon, Haymarket/Tollcross, Murrayfield/Dean, New Town/Stockbridge, and St Giles/Holyrood.

1997–2005: The City of Edinburgh District electoral divisions of Dalry/Shandon, Fountainbridge/Tollcross, Moat/Stenhouse, Murrayfield/Dean, and St Giles/Holyrood.

The 1997–2005 boundaries covered a central portion of the City of Edinburgh council area, including Edinburgh Old Town, the West End, Holyrood and Murrayfield. The constituency was one of six covering the city council area.

At the 2005 general election, the constituency area was divided between Edinburgh East, Edinburgh North and Leith, Edinburgh South West and Edinburgh West.

Elections in the 1890s
Note: The John Wilson who stood as a candidate in 1892 is not the same John Wilson that stood in 1885 and 1886

Elections in the 1900s

Elections in the 1910s
General Election 1914–15:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;
 * Liberal: Charles Price
 * Unionist:
 * Labour: William Graham

Elections in the 1930s
General Election 1939–40:

Another General Election was required to take place before the end of 1940. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place from 1939 and by the end of this year, the following candidates had been selected;
 * Conservative: James Guy
 * Labour: Andrew Gilzean

Elections in the 1980s
Although the Edinburgh Central seat had been won by the Labour Party in 1979, had that election been fought on the new boundaries it was estimated that the Conservatives would have won the seat by a majority of 1,971.


text:
User talk:Rych

Re: Your behaviour
Hello Rych,

The page was deleted in accordance of the speedy deletion policy. The alleged deletion page had only two links, headers and no content which falls under Any article whose contents consist only of an external link, "See also" section, book reference, category tag, template tag, or interwiki link.

Checking with the records, your current version has been remarked with speedy deletion again by Mike Rosoft (apprently mistyped this time). Previous version that was deleted marked was by Xcali.

Don't worry if any of your pages are deleted, and you feel that it was unjustified. My actions can be easily reversed by any other sysops, and personally myself as well. I am not an unreasonable person or some rogue admin. The page should not speedy deleted again, and has been tagged with to let others know that you're working on it. If it happens to be deleted again, let me know and I'l help you out.

Oh, and finally welcome to Wikipedia! I hope this incident won't deter you from further contributions, and I hope that you'll enjoy your stay here! =D

Best regards, Mailer Diablo 14:15, 29 May 2005 (UTC)

Welcome!
Hi Rych, and a warm welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you have enjoyed editing as much as I did so far and decide to stay. Unfamiliar with the features and workings of Wikipedia? Don't fret! Be Bold! Here's some good links for your reference and that'll get you started in no time!

""

Most Wikipedians would prefer to just work on articles of their own interest. But if you have some free time to spare, here are some open tasks that you may want to help out :

""

Oh yes, don't forget to sign when you write on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: ~. This will automatically add your name and the time after your comments. And finally, if you have any questions or doubts, don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Once again, welcome! =)

- Mailer Diablo 14:19, 29 May 2005 (UTC)

Re : Comparison of computer algebra systems
Hi Rych,

No hard feelings. :) Don't worry, just take your time. I think it's better for me to wait until you're finished with everything and ready, then let me know what I need to do.

Cheers, Mailer Diablo 15:46, 30 May 2005 (UTC)

File:Cimabue The Madonna in Majesty-Maesta 1285-86 265px.jpg listed for deletion
An image or media file that you uploaded or altered, File:Cimabue The Madonna in Majesty-Maesta 1285-86 265px.jpg, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the discussion to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Calliopejen1 (talk) 18:00, 4 April 2009 (UTC)

title: User talk:Rych


text:
CKDK-FM

CKDK-FM is a Canadian radio station owned by Corus Entertainment, and is licensed to the city of Woodstock, Ontario. It serves the London market, with transmitter power of 51,000 watts on the assigned frequency of 103.9 MHz, covering most of Southwestern Ontario. The station airs a country format branded as Country 104. The studio is located on Dundas Street in Woodstock but it has an office in downtown London and its transmitter is located near Karn Road in Woodstock.

History
CKDK began broadcasting on 1340 AM on December 6, 1947 as CKOX. In 1947, C.O. Tatham and Charles Perry applied for an FM licence at Woodstock as CKOX-FM. They later withdrew their application. The station reapplied a year later to operate at 106.9 MHz, but it is unknown if the station was ever built. The call letters changed to CKDK in 1977, and moved to 102.3 in 1986, becoming K102. It moved to the current frequency in 1993, known at the time as K104 with an adult contemporary format. The station joined the "Energy Radio" network in 1998, simulcast from CING-FM in Hamilton. On January 12, 2000, CKDK and sister station CFHK-FM in St. Thomas, swapped formats, but not call letters. The Hawk format on CFHK was originally an Alternative format, like CFPL-FM, but this was changed to a classic rock format on December 21, 1997. On July 22, 2011, the station dropped its classic hits format for an adult hits format under the More 103.9 branding, similar in format to Corus' Edmonton station CKNG-FM.

On September 25, 2012, Shaw received CRTC approval to change the authorized contours of the english-language commercial radio programming undertaking CKDK Woodstock by relocating its transmitter site, by decreasing the average effective radiated power from 52,000 to 51,000 watts and by increasing its effective height of antenna above average terrain from 133 to 138.4 metres.

On February 28, 2014, at 5 PM, the adult hits format was dropped for a country format, branded as Country 104.

title: CKDK-FM