text:
Talk:Palm Sunday Compromise

Notes to self:
11th Cir. TRO denial: --This is the corrected order should be referenced, not the original 32 page order:  31 pages:  PDF file (March 23, 2005) http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200511556.pdf (Before Carnes, Hull, and Wilson)

11th Cir. TRO denial: (Court allowed Schindlers to file amended complain, adding 4 more counts, and a 2nd amended complain, adding a 5th count -Schindlers filed a 2nd motion for emergency TRO) 25 pages (March 25, 2005) PDF file: http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200511628.pdf (Before Carnes, Hull, and Wilson) Alt: http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/schiavo/32505opn11.pdf

11th Cir. Rehearing denial: (Before Carnes, Hull, and Wilson) 1 page PDF file - Case No. 05-11628 (March 30, 2005) http://www.miami.edu/ethics2/schiavo/033005%2011th%20Cir%20Rehearing%20Denial%202.pdf

11th Cir. En Banc Rehearing denial: http://www.ca11.uscourts.gov/opinions/ops/200511628reh2.pdf Alt: http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/schiavo/33005ca11rhrng2.pdf  30 pages  PDF file - March 25, 2005 --Before EDMONDSON, Chief Judge, TJOFLAT, ANDERSON, BIRCH, DUBINA, BLACK, CARNES, BARKETT, HULL, MARCUS, WILSON, and PRYOR,* Circuit Judges.
 * * Judge William H. Pryor Jr. did not participate in the consideration of the Petition because he is recovering from surgery performed on Monday, 28 March 2005.

Questions: Where is that  eight (8) page  order, "ON PETITION FOR EXPEDITED REHEARING EN BANC" (Opinion March 23, 2005)? Judge TJOFLAT makes a good dissent, citing the "All Writs Act," 28 U.S.C. section 1651(a). I snagged this off the Internet somehwere, but it is not there now. Time to go looknig for it.
 * Found it: http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/schiavo/32305norhrng.pdf (Pryor apparently participated in this one.)
 * Alternate URL: http://www.scotusblog.com/movabletype/archives/schiavo.enbanc.denial.pdf
 * Alternate URL: http://abstractappeal.com/schiavo/11cirorderrehg.pdf

Motion before Supreme Court of the United States (seeking stay of 11th Cir. Ct. Appeals) 44 pages PDF file -March 23, 3005 http://news.findlaw.com/hdocs/docs/schiavo/32305scotusmot.pdf

One US Supreme Ct denial: http://www.supremecourtus.gov/docket/04a825.htm (Undated; HTML file) 1 page

Another US Supreme Ct denial: http://www.supremecourtus.gov/docket/04a844.htm (Undeated; HTML file) 1 page

Move to Government involvment page?
Should this page be integrated into the Government involvement in the Terri Schiavo case article? I can see good reasons to keep this separate, but some of the info is redundant, so it seemed we should ask.--ghost 14:02, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Well, I don't know. I think that the Palm Sunday Compromise, having been "federal," is separate and distince from the "state" Terri's Law; thus, I would link the two together -that is, put links to each on the other page, --yet, keep them separate. Also, if one page has links on it that seem good for the other page, of course, it's OK to have "redundant" information. Reasoning: A person may only visit one page or the other, but the links --and info0, should be available. That's what I think.-- G ordon W atts D ot C om 16:14, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Contrast of administration's handling of Red Lake High School massacre
I would like some input. In the week following the signing of the Compromise, the administration was harshly criticized for it's appearent lack of response to the tradegy in MN the same day. I was told by other editors that mention of this controversy, even when documented, was inappropriate on the Red Lake High School massacre and Terri Schiavo pages. So, is this the proper place? This controversy is a historical fact, no matter how uncomfortable, and I don't want us as a community to forget something that creates an important backdrop. Thoughts?--ghost 14:12, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * I think it is a minor point, but the fact it (controversy / dispute) happened, and can be documented, makes it relevent. As long as there is not a preponderance of Pro Bush (or Anti-Bush) "historical facts," then mention of this is not going to shift the whole page to a POV article. The only argument against mention of the Red Lake situation is the fact that it may not be noteworthy enough, but I think that is is OK to mention, because it only takes up like one line or so, and thus its worth outweighs the page space it takes up.-- G ordon W atts D ot C om 16:19, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Dead link
During several automated bot runs the following external link was found to be unavailable. Please check if the link is in fact down and fix or remove it in that case!

 * http://www.archives.gov/federal-register/laws/109th/003.txt
 * In Palm Sunday Compromise on Sun Jul 16 21:25:03 2006, 404 Not Found
 * In Palm Sunday Compromise on Mon Jul 17 17:26:41 2006, 404 Not Found
 * In Palm Sunday Compromise on Thu Jul 27 01:13:33 2006, 404 Not Found

maru  (talk)  contribs 05:13, 27 July 2006 (UTC)
 * Un-needed, deleted. bd2412  T 13:09, 27 July 2006 (UTC)

Lack of quorum
Isn't any bill "passed" without a quorum in the Senate not a law at all? 71.203.209.0 (talk) 18:30, 22 August 2008 (UTC)

 * I came here to ask about the same thing, IANAL, but maybe the signing of the bill is considered to correct the procedural defects? That seems a bit shaky to me.  More generally, what was the political environment around the event?  Did the other senators know that this was planned?  Weren't objections raised against the validity of the vote?  Was the lack of quorum related to the "compromise" (and in what sense was the bill a compromise)? I think the article could benefit from some clarifying information. 98.207.93.138 (talk) 03:36, 22 June 2009 (UTC)

Tags removed
This article contained three tags (NPOV and OR), but I did not find any reference on the talk page, so I removed them. The tags were added by 67.42.94.222 on 25 march 2011:

POV-title|date=March 2011

In section Criticisms:

Original research|date=September 2007

POV|date=November 2010

81.165.78.108 (talk) 21:04, 27 August 2011 (UTC)

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title: Talk:Palm Sunday Compromise


text:
Poverty in Africa

Poverty in Africa is the lack of provision to satisfy the basic human needs of certain people in Africa. African nations typically fall toward the bottom of any list measuring small size economic activity, such as income per capita or GDP per capita, despite a wealth of natural resources. In 2009, 22 of 24 nations identified as having "Low Human Development" on the United Nations' (UN) Human Development Index were in Sub-Saharan Africa. As of 2019, 424 million people in sub-Saharan Africa were reportedly living in severe poverty. In 2022, 460 million people—an increase of 36 million in only three years—were anticipated to be living in extreme poverty as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russo-Ukrainian war.

In 2006, 34 of the 50 nations on the UN list of least developed countries were in Africa. In many nations, GDP per capita is less than US$5200 per year, with the vast majority of the population living on much less (according to World Bank data, by 2016 the island nation of Seychelles was the only African country with a GDP per capita above US$10,000 per year ). In addition, Africa's share of income has been consistently dropping over the past century by any measure. In 1820, the average European worker earned about three times what the average African did. Now, the average European earns twenty times what the average African does. Although GDP per capita incomes in Africa have also been steadily growing, measures are still far better in other parts of the world.

Mismanagement of land
Despite large amounts of arable land south of the Sahara Desert, small, individual land holdings are rare. In many nations, the land is subject to tribal ownership. Many nations lack a system of freehold landowning. In others, the laws prevent people from disadvantaged groups from owning land at all. Although often these laws are ignored, and land sales to disadvantaged groups occur, legal title to the land is not assured. As such, rural Africans rarely have clear title to their own land and have to survive as farm laborers. Unused land is plentiful but is often private property. Most African nations have very poor land registration systems, making squatting and land-theft common occurrences. This makes it difficult to get a mortgage or similar loan, as ownership of the property often cannot be established to the satisfaction of financiers.

This system often gives an advantage to one native African group over another and is not just Europeans over Africans. For example, it was hoped that land reform in Zimbabwe would transfer land from European landowners to family farmers. Instead, it simply substituted native Africans with ties to the government for Europeans, leaving much of the population disadvantaged. Because of this abuse, foreign aid that was destined for land purchases was withdrawn. (See Land reform in Zimbabwe)

Historically, such programs have been few and far between, with much foreign aid being concentrated on the raising of cash crops and large plantations rather than family farms.

There is no consensus on what the optimal strategy for land use in Africa may be. Studies by the National Academy of Sciences have suggested great promise in relying on native crops as a means of improving Africa's food security. A report by Future Harvest suggests that traditionally used forage plants show the same promise. Supporting a different viewpoint is an article appearing in AgBioForum which suggests that smallholder farmers benefited substantially by planting a genetically modified variety of maize. In a similar vein is an article discussing the use of nontraditional crops for export published as part of the proceedings of a Purdue University symposium.

Misused money
Between 1960 and 1997, foreign nations sent over $500 billion (U.S.) to African nations in the form of direct aid. The consensus is that the money has had little long-term effect. The Cato Institute argues this is because, rather than increasing development, financial aid creates dependence on foreign investments. For example, as of 2005, the budgets of Ghana and Uganda were more than 50 percent aid-dependent. In 2002, then-president of Senegal, economist Abdoulaye Wade, stated, "'I've never seen a country develop itself through aid or credit. Countries that have developed - in Europe, America, Japan, Asian countries like Taiwan, Korea and Singapore - have all believed in free markets. There is no mystery there. Africa took the wrong road after independence. ''

In addition, most African nations have owed substantial sums of money. However, a large percentage of the money was either invested in weapons (money that was spent back in developed nations, and provided little or no benefit to the native population) or was directly misappropriated by corrupt governments. As such, many newly democratic nations in Africa are saddled with debt run up by totalitarian regimes. Large debts usually result in little being spent on social services, such as education, pensions, or medical care. In addition, most of the debt currently owed (approximately $321 billion (U.S.) in 1996 ) represents only the interest portion on the debt, and far exceeds the amounts that were actually borrowed (although this is true of large debts in developed nations as well). Authors Leonce Ndikumana and James K. Boyce estimate that from 1970 to 2008, capital flight from 33 sub-Saharan countries totalled $700 billion. Most African nations are pushing for debt relief, as they are effectively unable to maintain payments on debt without extending the debt payments indefinitely. However, most plans to forgive debt affect only the smallest nations, and large debtor nations, like Nigeria, are often excluded from such plans. What large sums of money that are in Africa are often used to develop mega-projects when the need is for smaller scale projects. For example, Ghana was the richest country in Africa when it obtained independence. However, a few years later, it had no foreign reserves of any consequence. The money was spent on large projects that turned out to be a waste of resources:
 * The Akosombo Dam was built to supply electricity for the extraction of aluminium from bauxite. Unfortunately, Ghanaian ores turned out to be too low grade and the electricity is now used to process ores from other nations.
 * Storage silos for the storage of cocoa were built to allow Ghana to take advantage of fluctuations in the commodity prices. Unfortunately, unprocessed cocoa does not react well to even short-term storage and the silos now sit empty.

Another example of misspent money is the Aswan High Dam. The dam was supposed to have modernized Egypt and Sudan immediately. Instead, the block of the natural flow of the Nile River meant that the Nile's natural supply of nitrate fertilizer and organic material was blocked. Now, about one-third of the dam's electric output goes directly into fertilizer production for what was previously the most fertile area on the planet. Moreover, the dam is silting up and may cease to serve any useful purpose within the next few centuries. In addition, the Mediterranean Sea is slowly becoming more saline as the Nile River previously provided it with most of its new fresh water influx.

Corruption is also a major problem in the region, although it is certainly not universal or limited to Africa. Many native groups in Africa prioritize family relationships over national identity, so people in authority often use nepotism and bribery for the benefit of their extended family group at the expense of their nations. For example, the Congolese president Mobutu Sese Seko became notorious for corruption, nepotism, and the embezzlement of between US$4 billion and $15 billion during his reign. Despite this, corrupt governments often do better than authoritarian ones that replace them. For example, under Ethiopian emperor Haile Selassie, corruption was rife and poverty rampant. After his overthrow, corruption was lessened, but famine and military aggressiveness came to the fore. In any event, corruption both diverts aid money and foreign investment (which is usually sent to offshore banks outside of Africa), and puts a heavy burden on native populations forced to pay bribes to get basic government services.

In the end, foreign aid may not even be helpful in the long run to many African nations. It often encourages them not to tax internal economic activities of multinational corporations within their borders to attract foreign investment. In addition, most African nations have at least some wealthy nationals, and foreign aid often allows them to avoid paying more than negligible taxes. As such, wealth redistribution and capital controls are often seen as a more appropriate way for African nations to stabilize funding for their government budgets and smooth out the boom and bust cycles that can often arise in a developing economy. However, this sort of strategy often leads to internal political dissent and capital flight. Sub-Saharan Africa's government debt rose from 28% of gross domestic product in 2012 to 50% of gross domestic product in 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic caused it to rise to 57% of gross domestic product in 2021.

Human resources
A segment of Africa's population receive low wages or do not have stable employment. Real wages increased from 2006 to 2017, but the continent's average real wages has since been declining. As many as 85% of people in Africa subsist on less than $5.50 per day.

Two-thirds of the labor force are men and one-third are women. Women on average receive lower wages than men.

The International Labour Organization (ILO) recommends legislation and minimum wage policies to address low wages and wage inequalities in Africa. The ILO also encourages the promotion collective bargaining that covers a large part of worker population and addresses gender pay gaps.

The widespread availability of cheap labor has often perpetuated policies that encourage inefficient agricultural and industrial practices, leaving Africa further impoverished. For example, author P.J. O'Rourke noted on his trip to Tanzania for his book Eat the Rich that gravel was produced with manual labor (by pounding rocks with tools), wherein almost everywhere else in the world machines did the same work far more cheaply and efficiently. He used Tanzania as an example of a nation with superb natural resources that nevertheless was among the poorest nations in the world.

Education
Education is also a major problem, even in the wealthier nations. Illiteracy rates are high although a good proportion of Africans speak at least two languages and a number speak three (generally their native language, a neighbouring or trade language, and a European language). Higher education is almost unheard of, although certain universities in Egypt and South Africa have excellent reputations. However, some African nations have a paucity of persons with university degrees, and advanced degrees are rare in most areas. As such, the continent, for the most part, lacks scientists, engineers, and even teachers. The seeming parody of aid workers attempting to teach trilingual people English is not entirely untrue.

Disease
The greatest mortality in Africa arises from preventable water-borne diseases, which affect infants and young children greater than any other group. The principal cause of these diseases is the regional water crisis, or lack of safe drinking water primarily stemming from mixing sewage and drinking water supplies.

Much attention has been given to the prevalence of AIDS in Africa. 3,000 Africans die each day of AIDS and an additional 11,000 are infected. Less than one percent are actually treated. However, even with the widespread prevalence of AIDS (where infection rates can approach 30% among the sexually active population), and fatal infections such as the Ebola virus, other diseases are far more problematic. In fact, the situation with AIDS is improving in some nations as infection rates drop, and deaths from Ebola are rare. On the other hand, diseases once common but now almost unknown in most of the industrialized world, like malaria, tuberculosis, tapeworm and dysentery often claim far more victims, particularly among the young. Polio has made a comeback recently due to misinformation spread by anti-American Islamic groups in Nigeria. Diseases native to Africa, such as sleeping sickness, also resist attempts at elimination too.

Poor infrastructure
Clean potable water is rare in most of Africa (even those parts outside the sub-Saharan region) despite the fact that the continent is crossed by several major rivers and contains some of the largest freshwater lakes in the world. However, many of the major population centres are coastal, and few major cities have adequate sewage treatment systems. Although boiling water is a possibility, fuel for boiling is scarce as well. The problem is worst in Africa's rapidly growing cities, such as Cairo, Lagos and Kinshasa.

Colonialism concentrated on connecting the coast with internal territories. As such, nearly none of Africa's roads and railways connect with each other in any meaningful way. Connecting Africa's extensive railway network has recently become a priority for African nations outside of southwest Africa, which has an integrated network.

Transportation between neighbouring coastal settlements is nearly always by sea, no matter the topography of the land in between them. Even basic services like telecommunications are often treated the same way. For example, phone calls between Ghana and neighbouring Ivory Coast once had to be routed through Britain and France.

Although Africa had numerous pre-European overland trade routes, few are suitable for modern transport such as trucks or railways, especially when they cross old European colonial borders. Another problem is that in many countries the roads, railway tracks, railway rolling stock, ships and ports are often old and badly maintained and many transportation systems have barely been updated and further developed since the end of colonialism.

Conflict
Despite other hot spots for war, Africa consistently remains among the top places for ongoing conflicts, consisting of both long-standing civil wars (e.g. Somalia, Democratic Republic of the Congo), ethnic conflicts that even resulted in genocides (e.g. the Rwandan genocide) and conflicts between countries.

The long-standing civil wars are in part due to the border-drawing of the late 19th century's Scramble for Africa, which did not take into account the various ethnic groups due to lack of local knowledge and research. Post decolonization, the European-set borders were accepted by various leaders; however, there remains internal and cross-border struggles, and separatist concerns by popular demand to the governments as they transition to democracy, leading to fears of further destabilization.

In recent years, religious conflicts have also increased, with Islamistic paramilitary terrorist groups like Boko Haram (Nigeria) and Al-Shabaab (Somalia) having committed many brutal, deadly terrorist acts that further decrease safety and prospects of development in the concerned regions. Despite a lack of basic social services or even the basic necessities of life, military forces are often well-financed and well-equipped.

Acts of war and terrorism further harm the chances of development in the regions concerned as they do not only cause economic downturns but also cause severe damage to the often already underdeveloped infrastructure as well as government shutdowns, further worsen the often already tense safety situation and cause large numbers of refugees.

As a result, Africa is full of refugees, who are often deliberately displaced by military forces during a conflict, rather than just having fled from war-torn areas. Although many refugees emigrate to open countries such as Germany, Canada, and the United States, the ones who do emigrate are often the most educated and skilled. The remainder often become a burden on neighbouring African nations that, while peaceful, are generally unable to deal with the logistical problems refugees pose as these nations are often already barely capable of fulfilling the needs of their own population.

Civil war usually has the result of totally shutting down all government services. However, any conflict generally disrupts what trade or economy there is. Sierra Leone, which depends on diamonds for much of its economic activity, not only faces disruption in production (which reduces the supply), but a thriving black market in conflict diamonds, which drives down the price for what diamonds are produced.

Climate change
The link between climate change and poverty has been examined. Climate change is likely to increase the size, frequency, and unpredictability of natural hazards. However, there is nothing natural about the transformation of natural hazards into disasters. The severity of a disaster's impact is dependent on existing levels of vulnerability, the extent of exposure to disaster event and the nature of the hazard. A community’s risk to disaster is dynamic and will change over time. It is heavily influenced by the interplay between economic, socio-cultural and demographic factors, as well as skewed development, such as rapid and unplanned urbanisation.

The level of poverty is a key determinant of disaster risk. Poverty increases propensity and severity of disasters and reduces peoples' capacity to recover and reconstruct. However, vulnerability is not just shaped to poverty, but linked to wider social, political and institutional factors, that govern entitlements and capabilities.

Effects of poverty
Africa's economic malaise is self-perpetuating, as it engenders more of the disease, warfare, misgovernment, and corruption that created it in the first place. Other effects of poverty have similar consequences. The most direct consequence of low GDP is Africa's low standard of living and quality of life. Except for a wealthy elite and the more prosperous peoples of South Africa and the Maghreb, Africans have very few consumer goods. Quality of life does not correlate exactly with a nation's wealth. Angola, for instance, reaps large sums annually from its diamond mines, but after years of civil war, conditions there remain poor. Radios, televisions, and automobiles are rare luxuries. Most Africans are on the far side of the digital divide and are cut off from communications technology and the Internet, however, use of mobile phones has been growing dramatically in recent years with 65% of Africans having access to a mobile phone as of 2011. Quality of life and human development are also low. African nations dominate the lower reaches of the UN Human Development Index. Infant mortality is high, while life expectancy, literacy, and education are all low. The UN also lowers the ranking of African states because the continent sees greater inequality than any other region. The best educated often choose to leave the continent for the West or the Persian Gulf to seek a better life.

Catastrophes cause deadly periods of great shortages. The most damaging are the famines that have regularly hit the continent, especially the Horn of Africa. These have been caused by disruptions due to warfare, years of drought, and plagues of locusts.

An average African faced annual inflation of over 60% from 1990 until 2002 in those few countries that account for inflation. At the high end, Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo both saw triple-digit inflation throughout the period. Most African nations saw inflation of approximately 10% per year.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Poverty in Africa


text:
Jatayu (disambiguation)

Jatayu could mean:

 * Jatayu (Ramayana), the bird in the Hindu epic Ramayana
 * Jatayu Earth's Center Nature Park in Kerala, featuring a 61 m long statue of the bird
 * Jatayu (book), a collection of poems by Sitanshu Yashaschandra
 * Jatayu Airlines, an Indonesian airline company
 * Lalmohan Ganguly, alias Jatayu, a character in the Feluda stories by Satyajit Ray
 * Garakamanthana Palya, a neighbourhood in Bangalore named after Garakamanthana, another name of Jatayu.

title: Jatayu (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Doraville, Georgia

Untitled section
It should be noted that Doraville was the birthplace of John Casper. --Adjaro 03:32, 28 May 2005 (UTC)

It should be noted that Doraville is part DeKalb County and part Gwinnett County. Tmatmg0316 05:54, 27 July 2011 (UTC)

They have a SWAT team with an armoured personnel carrier: http://boingboing.net/2014/08/13/doraville-swat-teams-online.html Keith McClary (talk) 03:28, 14 August 2014 (UTC)

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Reputation section
The reputation section included some non-NPOV stuff -- no refs given, which otherwise might save it. I did leave a bit there but removed some. Possibility that the section was added by a self-interested party -- the law firm that is cited -- but it was an IP address, so who knows? I'm not sure that "Reputation" is a necessary sub-section here, though the lawsuit should probably be on the page somewhere. Litlnemo (talk) 20:09, 27 September 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Doraville, Georgia


text:
Houston Aeros (WHA)

The Houston Aeros were a professional ice hockey team in the World Hockey Association (WHA) from 1972 to 1978.

Franchise history
The Aeros were originally slated to play in Dayton, Ohio, as a charter member of the WHA. However, Dayton residents were indifferent at best to a WHA team, and while there were questions regarding whether a U.S. market with less than a million people and a stagnating economy would support a major league hockey franchise in the long term, the more critical short-term problem was that Dayton did not have a suitable arena. The largest arena in the city, the University of Dayton Arena, did not have an ice plant and the university balked at the cost of installing one. The largest hockey venue, Hara Arena, seated only 5,000 people—not enough even for temporary use. Due to these problems, owner Paul Deneau moved the team to Houston, Texas. Although the Aeros name had originally been chosen in honor of the Wright brothers, it was deemed appropriate for Houston given the importance of the space industry.

In Houston, the Aeros became one of the most successful franchises in the WHA. They won four consecutive Western Division titles, from 1973–74 to 1976–77 seasons, and finished second in the Western Division in 1972–73 and third in the league in 1977–78. They won the AVCO World Trophy in 1974 over the Chicago Cougars and in 1975 over the Quebec Nordiques, winning both series in four-game sweeps; and lost in the 1976 AVCO finals to the Winnipeg Jets, also in a sweep.

In 1977, John Ziegler became president of the WHA's established rival, the National Hockey League, and shortly thereafter, initiated the first serious merger discussions with the WHA. Houston, along with Cincinnati, Winnipeg, New England, Quebec, and Edmonton applied for entry into the NHL. After a lengthy debate, NHL owners voted the proposal down.

Merger discussions resumed in 1978, and it again appeared that the Aeros, as one of the league's strongest teams, were an obvious candidate to join the NHL. Unfortunately for Houston, by this time Ziegler realized NHL owners would never vote to admit six teams and floated a proposal that would admit four WHA franchises. The WHA responded by insisting that all three of its Canadian teams be included in the merger. This left room for only one American team. The Aeros and Whalers were the only serious contenders, as they were the most stable of the American teams. Aeros owner Kenneth Schnitzer attempted to persuade Boston Bruins owner Jeremy Jacobs to support a merger that included the Aeros and not the Hartford-based Whalers. However, Jacobs, as one of the older league's most hard-line owners, was opposed to any sort of merger with the WHA. In any event, Ziegler was cool to the idea of adding another Sun Belt NHL team. Of the three Sun Belt teams that had joined the league since 1967, one (the California Golden Seals) had already relocated and another, the Atlanta Flames) were struggling financially. The Flames, as it turned out, would move to Calgary two years later.

During the final series of talks, it soon became evident that no merger of any sort would take place in time for the 1978–79 NHL season. It was also apparent that when there was a merger, the Aeros were not likely to be included. Schnitzer announced that the Aeros would not take part in the 1978–79 WHA season. He first applied for direct admission to the NHL, only to find the older league uninterested in such an expansion with so many of its existing franchises struggling. Finally, Schnitzer campaigned to be allowed to purchase an existing club and relocate it to Houston. The obvious candidate to move was the Cleveland Barons (the former Golden Seals), who had barely survived the season and were on the verge of folding. Schnitzer believed the older league would accept almost any other proposal as an alternative to the perceived embarrassment of having to disband a franchise, and did come close to a deal to relocate the moribund Barons franchise to Houston. However, the NHL instead opted to approve a proposal from the owners of the Minnesota North Stars to buy the Barons franchise and "merge" it with their own. Having run out of options, Schnitzer folded the Aeros on July 9, 1978. In doing so, the Aeros became the only WHA champion that did not eventually join the NHL.

Bill Dineen was the Aeros' head coach during their entire stay in the WHA. Among the players for the Aeros were Gordie Howe and his two sons Mark and Marty, who became the first father/son combination to play together in professional hockey. When Mark Howe retired as a member of the Detroit Red Wings (his father's old team) in 1995, he was the last member of the Houston Aeros to be playing in the NHL.

Season-by-season record
Note: GP = Games played, W = Wins, L = Losses, T = Ties, Pts = Points, GF = Goals for, GA = Goals against, PIM = Penalties in minutes

title: Houston Aeros (WHA)


text:
Harold Gimblett

Harold Gimblett (19 October 1914 – 30 March 1978) was a cricketer who played for Somerset and England. He was known for his fast scoring as an opening batsman and for the much-repeated story of his debut. In a book first published in 1982, the cricket writer and Somerset historian David Foot wrote: "Harold Gimblett is the greatest batsman Somerset has ever produced." Gimblett is a member of the Gimblett family, an Anglo-French family who arrived in Britain in the early 18th century from Metz. The family spread out over Britain, with branches located in Somerset, Scotland, and South Wales. There are variations of the spelling of the name, including Gimlet, Gimlette, and Gimblette.

Gimblett scored at a fast rate throughout his career, and hit 265 sixes – "surely a record for a regular opening batsman", wrote Eric Hill, his postwar opening partner and thereafter a long-time journalist watcher of Somerset. He appeared, however, in only three Tests, none of them against Australia, and he left first-class cricket abruptly, suffering from mental health problems that would remain with him to the end of his life.

Background
Harold Gimblett was born at Bicknoller in the Quantock Hills in west Somerset, where his family had been farmers since the 15th century. He was the youngest of three brothers and was educated at the local school at Williton and then at the fee-paying West Buckland School just over the border in Devon.

He played cricket successfully at school and for Watchet Cricket Club. In 1931, he left school; in August of that year, he made the first of his significant innings. In the match between Watchet and Wellington Cricket Club, he came to the wicket with Watchet on 37 for seven, chasing a total of 160. With another teenage batsman, Allan Pearse, Gimblett hit off the runs, making 91 himself. A year later, he was co-opted into the Somerset Stragglers team, a peripatetic amateur team which played matches across south west England, composed of former public school players of varying abilities, some of whom were the amateurs who formed a large contingent of Somerset county players up to the Second World War. In his first match for the Stragglers team, against Wellington School, he made 142 in 75 minutes.

Gimblett briefly moved to London to work, but city life was not to his taste and he returned home, resuming cricket for the Watchet club. One of the patrons of Watchet cricket, the town tailor W. G. Penny, who was also prominent in Somerset County Cricket Club, recommended him for a trial with the county, though there appears to have been some reservations over his temperament and his impetuous batting. There is also, in the same source, some suggestion that Gimblett himself was reluctant to test himself against top-class cricketers.

Even so, at the start of the 1935 season, Gimblett was invited to go to Taunton for a two-week trial with the county. The trial seems not to have been a success, but it led directly to the sensation that was Gimblett's first-class cricket debut.

First-class debut
Gimblett's entry into first-class cricket in May 1935 was instant legend. Wisden, in its obituary of him in 1979, wrote: "The start of his career was so sensational that any novelist attributing it to his hero would have discredited the book."

Having a two-week trial with Somerset, Gimblett had been told, before the period was over, that he had no future as a first-class cricketer. Accounts vary as to how this decision was reached. Gimblett himself, quoted in David Foot's biography, which relies heavily on material taped by Gimblett in the years immediately before his death, said he was told by the county secretary and former captain, John Daniell: "You may as well finish the week. We'll pay you 35 shillings and your bus fare. Afraid you're just not good enough." Daniell's son, quoted in the same book, said that the Somerset professional players had advised against taking Gimblett on to the county staff: "They used to tell my father they thought Harold was far too impulsive." A further factor may have been the almost permanent financial crisis that surrounded Somerset: the county club was probably not able to afford another professional player.

On the final Friday of Gimblett's trial, Somerset found themselves a player short for the match that started the following day against Essex at Frome when the amateur Laurie Hawkins reported in sick. Gimblett was told to get himself to Frome: Daniell arranged for the wicketkeeper Wally Luckes, who had a car, to pick him up from Bridgwater. Gimblett missed the bus from Taunton, and hitched a lift in a lorry. Somerset won the toss and chose to bat: three batsmen were out for 35, and at lunch the score was 105 for five. Soon after lunch, Dickie Burrough was out and Gimblett came to the wicket with Somerset six wickets down for 107 runs, joining Arthur Wellard.

Gimblett's first run came off his third ball, and shortly afterwards he was hitting the leg-break and googly bowler Peter Smith for 15 in an over. He raced to his 50 in just 28 minutes, off 33 balls, reaching it with a six. Wellard, unusually for him, was outpaced and was out, followed swiftly by Luckes, but Gimblett was joined by Bill Andrews, who also hit powerfully. Gimblett's century came in just 63 minutes, which proved to be the fastest century of the season, and it was made out of 130 runs added while he had been at the wicket. He finished with 123 out of 175 in 80 minutes, with three sixes and 17 fours. Somerset won the match with an innings to spare.

The innings turned Gimblett into an instant celebrity. Foot's biography records that Fleet Street writers and photographers descended on the Gimblett farm at Bicknoller; the former cricketer Jack Hobbs congratulated Gimblett in his newspaper column, but also warned that such a start would be difficult to sustain.

So it proved. Gimblett retained his place for the next match, against Middlesex at Lord's, only because of another injury to a regular player, and though he top-scored with 53 in the second innings (still batting at No 8), he himself was injured and missed the next month. Returning to the side in mid-season, he played with little success, though he took a few wickets with his medium-pace, including four wickets for just 10 runs against Gloucestershire at Bath, which would remain his best first-class bowling performance. Wisden Cricketers' Almanack summed up his first first-class season in its 1936 edition, noting that he "failed to maintain his early form". It went on: "Almost entirely a forward player, he appeared to pay little heed to defence, and in the end lack of experience contributed to his undoing. Still, shrewd observers maintain that he possesses distinct possibilities, and with further opportunities he may become more than a useful member of the side."

Test cricketer
That Wisden assessment was made to look unduly modest within weeks of the start of the 1936 season. Regular opening batsman Jack Lee had been allowed to leave Somerset to become coach at Mill Hill School, and Gimblett was promoted to open the innings against the Indians in Somerset's first match of the season. He made 103 and then an unbeaten 46 as Somerset won the match by nine wickets after making the Indians follow on. In the very next match against Lancashire at Old Trafford, he did even better with 93 in the first innings and an unbeaten 160 in the second, when he held on with the Somerset tail-enders to deny Lancashire victory. That gave him fleetingly a season's batting average of more than 200, and he followed that up with a third century a week later against the admittedly weak Northamptonshire side. This form earned Gimblett selection for the Test trial match for the series against the Indian team, a match between North and South at Lord's that featured a mix of established Test players and up-and-coming young players. Gimblett failed in the match, scoring just four runs in his only innings. He was nonetheless selected for the England team for the first Test of the 1936 series in an experimental opening partnership with Arthur Mitchell of Yorkshire.

Gimblett's first Test appearance was the most successful of his short Test career. In a low-scoring match in which the Indian team led England by 13 on the first innings, it was Gimblett's top-scoring 67 not out in the second innings that brought victory to his side. England had been set 107 to win, but with a damp pitch and uncertain weather, "the task could not be regarded as an easy one," Wisden wrote. It went on: "As Gimblett got the pace of the wicket, he developed sound hitting powers and hooked superbly." In partnership with Maurice Turnbull, who made 37, Gimblett hit off the runs in 100 minutes, playing "with much skill and verve".

Gimblett's status as one of the coming men of English cricket was confirmed by his selection on the Players' side for the Gentlemen v Players match at Lord's, one of the centrepieces of the English cricket season. He was not a success, making just three and one. But he retained his place in the England team for the second Test at Old Trafford, opening this time with the Kent batsman Arthur Fagg, who was making his Test debut. This time, Gimblett failed, making just nine in England's single innings. The carrot at the end of the 1936 season was selection for the MCC team to tour Australia and New Zealand in the 1936–37 season; the side was picked in early August, and Gimblett was not named in it, the young opening batsmen selected being Fagg and Charles Barnett, who replaced Gimblett for the third and final Test match against India. In fact, Gimblett's form for the second half of the 1936 season was patchy, and from the high of averaging 200 with the bat in May he ended up at the end of the season with an aggregate of 1608 runs at an average of 32.81, half a dozen runs per innings less than both Fagg and Barnett. Wisden noted that he had achieved "nothing of note" in important matches apart from his "dashing" 67 in his first Test. It went on: "As his slip-fielding fell rather below international standard, it became abundantly clear that he could not yet be labelled an England player." And it repeated criticism of a year before about lack of discretion: "Using the horizontal bat with a great amount of freedom, he frequently fell, through lack of discrimination in selecting the right ball to hit, to catches on the leg-side. Still, most of his faults were due to inexperience, and as he is only 22 years of age his career will be watched with interest beyond the confines of his own county."

David Foot's biography of Gimblett indicates that this 1936 season, although one of his most successful, also showed early signs of the illness that was to afflict him later. He reacted badly to being criticised for dropping an easy catch in the Old Trafford Test, and when he himself was dropped from the team for the final Test, he responded with relief: "'Thank goodness that's over,' he said to anyone within earshot." Foot wrote: "The Lord's and Old Trafford Tests became painful rather than treasured memories; he pleaded silently that he would not ever be selected again."

In contrast to the drama of 1936, the 1937 and 1938 seasons were quiet ones for Gimblett. Other batsmen of his own age, such as Leonard Hutton, moved ahead of him in the Test pecking order, and he was at times not fully fit. He completed 1000 runs easily in both seasons and there were occasional innings of brilliance: at Wells in 1937, he made 141 in 150 minutes with nine sixes and 16 fours against Hampshire. In 1938, Wisden noted that he was, at times, more defensive than he had been previously, and in run-getting he was overshadowed by his opening partner, Frank Lee, who scored more than 2,000 runs in the season. For some matches in 1938, Gimblett batted at No 4, Bertie Buse opening with Lee.

Gimblett had another of his "purple patches" early in the 1939 season, which was his most successful so far. He scored 905 runs in the first seven Somerset matches, including five centuries in successive matches. Wisden noted, though, that he now revealed "less of the electrifying methods that first brought him to the front". The return to form brought him back into Test contention. He was picked for the first Test against West Indies at Lord's, opening with Hutton and making 22 and 20. In the second innings, with England needing fast runs for victory, he hit the first two balls bowled by fast bowler Leslie Hylton for four and six. He did not retain his place in the Test team, but played in the Gentlemen v Players match at Lord's, making 52 in the Players' first innings. In the season as a whole, he made 1922 runs at an average of 40.89.

War service
Gimblett volunteered for the Royal Air Force for the Second World War, but was allocated instead to the Fire Service, and saw duty in badly bombed cities such as Plymouth and Bristol.

Postwar county stalwart
In the eight seasons after the Second World War Gimblett was the mainstay of the Somerset batting. Without taming his aggressive instincts, he had become more judicious in his shot selection, and though he remained until the end of his career likely to smash the first ball of a match for six, he also took on the role of senior batsman in a Somerset side that was usually weak in batting. In the 1946 season, Somerset's best for more than 50 years, he made 1947 runs at an average of 49.92 runs per innings, the highest seasonal average of his career. There were seven centuries, the most of any season, and they included 231 against Middlesex at Taunton, his first double century and part of what Wisden termed a "merciless onslaught" by the Somerset batsmen.

The return in 1947 was lower, but in 1948, with the Somerset batting seeming ever more dependent on him for runs, he responded with all of the four centuries scored by the team in the summer, and one of them was his own highest score and the highest innings made to that stage by a Somerset batsman: 310 against Sussex at Eastbourne. The previous Somerset record had been 292, set by the late Victorian era amateur Lionel Palairet. Gimblett told his biographer David Foot, on the tapes that form the backbone of the biography, that he had said on the pitch at Eastbourne to Sussex player James Langridge: "Well, that's got rid of one amateur's name in our county's record books." Gimblett went on to say that a collection had been proposed to mark the feat, but that Somerset's secretary had been dismissive of the idea. "I think that was when I first decided that my career with Somerset was going to end. I was deeply hurt," he said.

But it didn't end quite yet. In 1949, Gimblett passed 2000 runs for the season for the first time in his career, his 2093 in the season being a new record for Somerset at the time. He also hit two centuries in a match for the first time in his career, with 115 and an unbeaten 127 in the game against Hampshire at Taunton. "The feeling that if he got out almost all was over never affected his play," Wisden commented of his efforts across the season.

The pattern was repeated in 1950, but with an odd mid-season twist. The England Test side was being outplayed by the West Indies, and specifically by two previously unknown spin bowlers, Sonny Ramadhin and Alf Valentine. After a bad defeat in the second Test at Lord's, the England selectors sent for Gimblett for the third match at Trent Bridge with the apparent aim of having him hit the two spinners out of their rhythm. It would have been Gimblett's first Test for 11 years and the move, according to Foot, was highly popular, and not just in Somerset. But just before the match, Gimblett developed a large boil, a "carbuncle", on the back of his neck. He was dosed with penicillin and travelled to Nottingham. "A nation's sporting press meticulously documented the carbuncle's throb-rate," Foot writes. It was to no avail: Gimblett withdrew from the match, and was not picked again.

At the end of the 1950 English season, however, he ventured abroad for the first time, taking part in a Commonwealth tour of India and Sri Lanka and opening the batting in all five of the representative games. He had some success on the tour, scoring one century, the only one of the 50 centuries in his career not to be made for Somerset. Perhaps more typically, he was homesick and unhappy: "At first I wondered whether I'd picked up a bug. But it was purely mental," he said in a tape transcribed in his biography. Lighter by about 12 kg, he struggled for runs more than usually in the 1951 season, and took a long break from cricket in July, returning to some form afterwards.

Somerset awarded Gimblett a benefit match in 1952, though perhaps typically he grumbled that it was not the potentially lucrative bank holiday local derby match with Gloucestershire but the game with Northamptonshire at Glastonbury that he was allocated. Gimblett made a century in that match and had, in terms of run aggregate, his best-ever season in 1952. He scored 2134 runs in all matches, at an average of 39.51. Against Derbyshire at Taunton, he became the first Somerset player to hit two centuries in a match twice, scoring 146 and 116 in a drawn game.

If 1952 was a good season for Gimblett, then it was a poor one for his team. After several years in which the side had defied predictions and finished mid-table in the County Championship, Somerset fell to bottom place in 1952, and stayed there for four years. But Gimblett's own performance drew one of the game's accolades: in the 1953 edition of Wisden, he was named one of the Five Cricketers of the Year, alongside Tom Graveney, David Sheppard, Stuart Surridge and Fred Trueman.

The 1953 season, with 19 Championship defeats, was even worse than 1952: Gimblett's own performance was maintained, though three matches missed through injury meant his aggregate fell a little, but he "seldom received adequate support from his colleagues", wrote Wisden. The unbeaten 167 he made against Northamptonshire at Taunton was the 50th century of his first-class career. At the end of the 1953 season he played festival cricket at Hastings and Kingston and Wisden's notes on Somerset in 1954 announced that he had "accepted a five-year contract to remain with the club".

Health problems and later career
Throughout his life, Gimblett's personality was inclined to be morose and depressive, and there is evidence from across his cricket career of a gulf between his entertaining cricket style and his own personal negativism. Alan Gibson, the cricket writer who himself suffered from bouts of mental illness, wrote of him: "Most of those who watched him, or even met him, took him for a cheerful extrovert. This was wrong. He thought a lot, worried a lot, fretted a lot, all the more because he struggled to present a calm, bold front to the outer world."

David Foot, the author of Gimblett's biography, wrote in his history of Somerset cricket that Gimblett "retained obsessive complexes about class, money and health". In the biography, Foot writes of discovering the depth and the variety of Gimblett's different hatreds: "The hate – his uncompromising word – was spread over a wide area." He appears to have found congeniality difficult and resentment easy, and there were periods of depressive illness. These culminated at the end of the 1953 cricket season in what appears to have been a full-scale breakdown.

Gimblett's own words, quoted in the Foot biography, tell the story. "I couldn't take much more. I was taking sleeping pills to make me sleep and others to wake me up. By the end of 1953 the world was closing in on me. I couldn't offer any reason why and I don't think the medical profession knew either." In the winter of 1953–54, Gimblett spent 16 weeks in Tone Vale Hospital, a psychiatric institution, where he was given electro-convulsive therapy, and was released in time to join the Somerset team for the start of the 1954 season. He played in the first two county matches of the new season, but was not fit enough mentally to continue and – though the details vary – Somerset agreed to give him time off. He did not appear in first-class cricket again. Later in the 1954 season, according to Gimblett's own report, he went to Somerset's Taunton ground to watch some of the cricket, and was "ordered out of the ground".

Out of first-class cricket, Gimblett took a job as a cricket professional with Ebbw Vale Cricket Club in South Wales. He then applied for and got a job with his old Somerset captain, Jack Meyer, who was headmaster of Millfield School. The link with Meyer gave rise to continuing rumours of a possible comeback for Somerset across the 1950s, but it did not happen. In 1959, however, he appeared in a few Minor Counties matches for Dorset. At Millfield, Gimblett helped with the cricket coaching, ran the school shop and did other tasks around the school such as driving minibuses. In the end, his mental and physical health problems – he suffered from arthritis – meant he fell out with Millfield in the same way that he had with county cricket, and he retired to live at Minehead; he was involved in a minor way with coaching and fund-raising for Somerset, but his behaviour was sometimes unpredictable and he found it hard to reconcile his former fame with his reduced circumstances.

At the time of his death, Gimblett had moved from Minehead to a mobile home at Verwood, Dorset. He died after taking an overdose of prescription drugs. He was survived by his wife, Marguerita (Rita), whom he married in 1938, and by a son.

title: Harold Gimblett


text:
Matthew 3:7

Matthew 3:7 is the seventh verse of the third chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament. The verse occurs in the section introducing John the Baptist. In this verse John attacks the Pharisees and Sadducees.

Text
In the King James Version of the Bible the text reads:
 * But when he saw many of the
 * Pharisees and Sadducees come
 * to his baptism, he said unto
 * them, O generation of vipers,
 * who hath warned you to flee
 * from the wrath to come?

The World English Bible translates the passage as:
 * But when he saw many of the
 * Pharisees and Sadducees coming
 * for his baptism, he said to them,
 * "You offspring of vipers, who warned
 * you to flee from the wrath to come?

The 1881 Westcott-Hort Greek text is:
 * ιδων δε πολλους των φαρισαιων και σαδδουκαιων ερχομενους επι το βαπτισμα
 * ειπεν αυτοις
 * γεννηματα εχιδνων
 * τις υπεδειξεν υμιν φυγειν απο της μελλουσης οργης

The original Greek of the key phrase "generation of vipers" is γεννημα εχιδνων (which also occurs in ).

For a collection of other versions see BibleHub Matthew 3:7.

Analysis
This verse is the beginning of a tirade by John the Baptist. This lecture is also found in Luke, with this verse being very similar to. This section is not found in Mark and most scholars believe that Matthew and Luke are both copying from the hypothetical Q. The most important difference between the versions of Matthew and Luke is that in Luke's Gospel, John the Baptist speaks to the multitude that have come to see him, while Matthew has John addressing the Pharisees and Sadducees in particular.

The Pharisees and Sadducees were two powerful and competing factions within Judaism at the time. Throughout the New Testament, and especially in Matthew, the Pharisees are presented as opponents of Jesus and responsible for his crucifixion. Some versions translate the passage as saying they were coming "for baptism". The wording is ambiguous but based on the rest of the text most scholars feel that it is more appropriate to say they were coming "to the baptism" likely to observe and investigate this new movement, rather than to be baptized themselves. Alexander Jones notes that as the entrenched powers both groups would have reason to be deeply interested in new mass movements such as John's. However, the two acting in concert is, according to David Hill, quite ahistorical as the Pharisees and Sadducees were long and bitter rivals. The two groups reappear as a pair in Matthew 16. An alternative view is that the Pharisees and Sadducees are coming to be baptized, and that this reflects the mass popularity of John's program. it also incites his attack as he does not believe that many of those coming to him have truly repented. This would also close the distance between Matthew's speech directed at the Pharisees and Sadducees and Luke's to John's audience in general.

A number of theories have been advanced to explain why Matthew might be directing John's attack to these groups while Luke focuses on the general multitude. Schweizer feels that since Matthew was writing for a more Jewish audience than Luke the author of Matthew did not want to offend all Jews and thus focused only on the unpopular elites. At the time and place the author of Matthew was writing the Pharisees were staunch opponents of the new Christian movement, and the author of Matthew thus had motive to direct criticisms towards them. Most other scholars disagree with this view and they believe that the phrase "Pharisees and Sadducees" more likely refers to all Jews, in keeping with Luke. Hill notes that the author of Matthew might use the term Sadducee to refer to all non-Pharisee Jews. France believes Matthew is just mentioning the two most prestigious of the many groups that came to observe John.

Albright and Mann note that a viper's brood was a common expression at the time indicating those filled with malice. Jesus later uses the same turn of phrase in Matthew 12:34 and 23:33. France speculates that the term could be rooted in, which also connects to the tree metaphor in Matthew 3:10. Malina and Rohrbaugh note that the use of the word "offspring" implies a child not from a legitimate union. They suggest "snake bastards" is thus a more accurate translation. This also links to Matthew 3:9 where the Pharisees and Sadducees defend themselves by citing their lineage. This insult in this verse has been borrowed by a number of other writers, including Shakespeare in Troilus and Cressida, Anthony Trollope in Barchester Towers, Somerset Maugham in Catalina, and in the title of François Mauriac's Le noeud de viperes.

Albright and Mann note that it is important not to read the word wrath as a synonym for anger. Rather in Jewish and Christian thought it refers to the necessary meting out of final justice by an all loving God. Clarke notes that this phrase has been reused in other important contexts. In The Pilgrim's Progress it is a warning of "the wrath to come" by a character known as the Evangelist that sets the protagonist on his quest. John and Charles Wesley used the same phrase to advertise the Bible studies that would eventually grow into Methodism.

Commentary from the Church Fathers
Gregory the Great: The words of the teachers should be fitted to the quality of the hearers, that in each particular it should agree with itself and yet never depart from the fortress of general edification.

Glossa Ordinaria: It was necessary that after the teaching which he used to the common people, the Evangelist should give an example of the doctrine he delivered to the more advanced; therefore he says, Seeing many of the Pharisees, &c.

Isidore of Seville: The Pharisees and Sadducees opposed to one another; Pharisee in the Hebrew signifies ‘divided;’ because choosing the justification of traditions and observances they were ‘divided’ or ‘separated’ from the people by this righteousness. Sadducee in the Hebrew means ‘just;’ for these laid claim to be what they were not, denied the resurrection of the body, and taught that the soul perished with the body; they only received the Pentateuch, and rejected the Prophets.

Glossa Ordinaria: When John saw those who seemed to be of great consideration among the Jews come to his baptism, he said to them, O generation of vipers, &c.

Saint Remigius: The manner of Scripture is to give names from the imitation of deeds, according to that of Ezekiel, Thy father was an Amorite; (Ezek. 16:3.) so these from following vipers are called generation of vipers.

Pseudo-Chrysostom: As a skilful physician from the colour of the skin infers the sick man's disease, so John understood the evil thoughts of the Pharisees who came to him. They thought perhaps, We go, and confess our sins; he imposes no burden on us, we will be baptized, and get indulgence for sin. Fools! if ye have eaten of impurity, must ye not needs take physic? So after confession and baptism, a man needs much diligence to heal the wound of sin; therefore he says, Generation of vipers. It is the nature of the viper as soon as it has bit a man to fly to the water, which, if it cannot find, it straightway dies; so this progeny of vipers, after having committed deadly sin, ran to baptism, that, like vipers, they might escape death by means of water. Moreover, it is the nature of vipers to burst the insides of their mothers, and so to be born. The Jews then are therefore called progeny of vipers, because by continual persecution of the prophets they had corrupted their mother the Synagogue. Also vipers have a beautiful and speckled outside, but are filled with poison within. So these men's countenances wore a holy appearance.

Saint Remigius: When then he asks, who will show you to flee from the wrath to come,—‘except God’ must be understood.

Pseudo-Chrysostom: Or who hath showed you? Was it Esaias? Surely no; had he taught you, you would not put your trust in water only, but also in good works; he thus speaks, Wash you, and be clean; put your wickedness away from your souls, learn to do well. (Is. 1:16.) Was it then David? who says, Thou shall wash me, and I shall he whiter than snow; (Ps. 51:7.) surely not, for he adds immediately, The sacrifice of God is a broken spirit. If then ye had been the disciples of David, ye would have come to baptism with mournings.

Saint Remigius: But if we read, shall show, in the future, this is the meaning, ‘What teacher, what preacher, shall be able to give you such counsel, as that ye may escape the wrath of everlasting damnation?’

Augustine: God is described in Scripture, from some likeness of effects, not from being subject to such weakness, as being angry, and yet is He never moved by any passion. The word ‘wrath’ is applied to the effects of his vengeance, not that God suffers any disturbing affection.

Influence
"Generation of Vipers" was the title of a 1942 book by Philip Wylie which criticized American society.

title: Matthew 3:7


text:
Intimidators Stadium

Intimidators Stadium was a baseball stadium in Kannapolis, North Carolina. Opened in 1995, it was the home venue for the Kannapolis Intimidators, the Class A affiliate of the Chicago White Sox.

History
When the Intimidators franchise (then known as the Piedmont Phillies) began play in 1995, the stadium's construction was not complete. The field and seating areas were ready for the team's first game in April of that year, but the concession stands, restrooms, luxury boxes, and box office were not complete until that winter. The stadium was named Fieldcrest Cannon Stadium for the Fieldcrest Cannon Corporation, the textile giant that built the mill town of Kannapolis and operated it until the city was incorporated in 1984.

In addition to home games for the Intimidators, Fieldcrest Cannon Stadium was also used for several local high school baseball games each spring in addition to select Amateur Athletic Union events throughout the year.

The stadium was the home of UNC Charlotte 49ers baseball team during the 2003 season while their on-campus facility's playing surface was being redone. The 49ers played in Kannapolis again for the first part of the 2007 season while their stadium was undergoing a $6 million renovation.

The Queens Royals baseball team of Queens University of Charlotte played their 2019 season at Intimidators Stadium as they made their debut in the South Atlantic Conference (NCAA Division II) while awaiting the construction of Tuckaseegee Dream Fields in Charlotte.

A new scoreboard was installed in center field for the 2005 season, replacing the original board that the stadium used when it opened.

Atrium Health Ballpark, a new downtown ballpark, was scheduled to open for the 2020 season, replacing Intimidators Stadium, but the 2020 season was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In September 2020, the city of Kannapolis requested bids for the redevelopment of Intimidators Stadium property. In May 2021, the city announced it would sell the stadium to a developer for $3 million with demolition planned for autumn. In May 2022, with the sale nearing completion "before the end of the month," demolition was scheduled to take place "in coming weeks". Demolition was finally underway in September 2022.

Naming rights
On April 3, 2012, it was announced that Carolinas Medical Center-NorthEast purchased the naming rights to the stadium, adopting the new CMC-NorthEast Stadium name for the upcoming season. Per club policy, terms were not disclosed.

For 2016, the naming rights deal was quietly dropped, with the team referring to the stadium as Intimidators Stadium again.

title: Intimidators Stadium


text:
Talk:Hell's Angels (film)

Plot summary
Karl, according to the text, joins the German Air Force, but the Zeppelin in which he flies is wholly crewed by the German Navy, whose uniform he is wearing.

Hors-la-loi 22:31, 20 November 2011 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Hors-la-loi (talk • contribs)

Older comments
How much money did the film ultimately lose (or make)?

It made around $8 million (overall in that year), but since Hughes spent $4,000,000 of his own money, he did not gain much of a profit. To earn it back, he simply re-released the film many times during that and the following year.

The Aviator
In section "The Aviator," : "The film depicts Hughes' struggles with Nielan and the extravangant extents to which he went to ensure accuracy throughout production."

This is nonsense. That part of the film possibly depicts Hughes' struggle with Noah Dietrich over financing, but Nielan is portrayed nowhere in the film. Nor is any other director. Hughes is portrayed in the director role from the first scene in the film covering his Hollywood career.

The "extravagant extents to which [Hughes] went [sic] to ensure accuracy," clause is also off the mark. The film depicts the extravagant measures Hughes implemented to ensure that the dogfight footage looked more convincing on the screen. There is a world of difference between the two concepts. Drogue 04:36, May 28, 2005
 * Just cleaned the section up somewhat. GeeJo 12:49, August 19, 2005 (UTC)
 * Slightly modified the grammar and replaced the phrase 'part of the movie' to a more descriptive phrase 'act of the movie'.

Added a date to the phrase, today's money, at the bottom of the first section - I guess the OP hopes that this page will be around for a few years to come :-) Also, streamlined the sentence a little (it was a touch informal and had two prices in 1930's and today's dollars - couldn't figure out why...) --Oscar Bravo 10:02, 18 August 2006 (UTC)

A Whale of an Omission (sorry, couldn't resist)
According to a few sources I've seen, including IMDb and Leonard Maltin's movie guide, James Whale actually directed much of this movie uncredited. No mention here. What's up? Any objections to me adding this tidbit? Cris Varengo 21:52, 13 May 2007 (UTC)

Production
Source for the names and details of the production deaths is "Production of 'Hell's Angels' Cost the Lives of Three Aviators," Syracuse Herald, Dec. 28, 1930, p. 59Bentruwe (talk) 09:36, 7 February 2008 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of the . Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

no consensus to move this page, per the discussion below. Dekimasu よ! 07:51, 26 July 2007 (UTC) Hell& → Hell's Angels — It's the only thing on the disambiguation page with the name (with the apostrophe) —Reginmund 08:46, 21 July 2007 (UTC)

Survey

 * Feel free to state your position on the renaming proposal by beginning a new line in this section with  or  , then sign your comment with  . Since polling is not a substitute for discussion, please explain your reasons, taking into account Wikipedia's naming conventions.

 * Support - Per reasons given Reginmund 08:46, 21 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Oppose, for one thing it is not the "only thing on the disambiguation page with the name (with the apostrophe)" -- the 3d squadron of the Flying Tigers were known as Hell's Angels. Besides that, it is easily confused with the motorcycle group. older ≠ wiser 11:38, 21 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Oppose - even some of the bikers use "Hell's Angels" for the club - see for example the book mentioned. Also as above, several others use the apostrophe. -- Beardo 15:52, 21 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Support - Actually, the first other use of the apostrophe doesn't even have an article on it. Since it is easy to confuse with the motorcycle, group, you might as well put a disambiguation link. That's what they're for. Parable1991 21:10, 21 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Support, The bikers named themselves after this movie so it must be notorious. 71.109.186.47 06:13, 22 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Oppose reasoning is incorrect, just looking at the DAB page, that is obvious. 70.55.91.131 07:52, 22 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Support - I see no controversy. The bikers don't use an apostrophe. 67.151.178.146 19:27, 23 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Oppose per above reasons, and because the possible minor inconvenience of anyone searching for the film is far outweighed by the potential benefits of avoiding confusion when searching for the other terms. An apostrophe is hardly a significant distinction. --Ckatz chat spy  05:04, 24 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Oppose, Hell's Angels should redirect to Hells Angels, no-one searching is likely to know about this distinction. Kappa 23:02, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Strong oppose: The claim above is not true (see 2nd item on the dab page), and very few people who are not Hells Angels bikers know that it is not spelled with an apostrophe; the vast majority of hits for "Hell's Angels" will be people who know proper grammar trying to find the motorcycle club, but unaware of their evidently intentional misspelling. —  SMcCandlish  [talk] [cont] ‹(-¿-)› 23:17, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

Discussion

 * Any additional comments:

Reasoning is incorrect!? Do your research! It says on the Hells Angels page that they named themselves after the film! Reginmund 01:31, 23 July 2007 (UTC)
 * Read a little more carefully -- the motorcycle club took their name from the WWII air units -- which in turn took their names from the film. In any case there are multiple things known by that name. older ≠ wiser 03:52, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

 * In any case, the film was the first to use "Hell's Angels". It is also the only article to concern that specific text. Problem solved. Reginmund 01:52, 24 July 2007 (UTC)
 * First is not the same as primary or best known. There ARE other entities that use the name with the apostrophe. older ≠ wiser 02:38, 24 July 2007 (UTC)
 * There are no other entities that do on the DAB page that add something else in. I never said that it is better known. Reginmund 00:58, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * No, as I've already pointed out there is another one listed on the dab page -- the WWI air unit. While the article title is different because the unit is described in the context of a larger unit, the reference requires disambiguation. And then there's the short title of the Hunter S. Thompson book, about the motorcycle club, which only underscores the fact while the official HAMC may eschew the apostrophe, it is nonetheless commonly used with the apostrophe to refer to the group. If you are not making the claim that the film deserves primary topic status, then there is no point to even discussing a move -- there is clearly ambiguity about the name. older ≠ wiser 01:15, 25 July 2007 (UTC)

That ambiguity would be pointed out when it directs here. The air unit doesn't even have an article so that is obviously subordinate. the book has an appendage in the title. This is the only (and original) use of "Hell's Angels" and maybe we should point that out. We'll always have a DAB page. Reginmund 19:32, 25 July 2007 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the . Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Citations for use
Some citations for possible use. — Erik (talk • contrib) 15:09, 9 February 2009 (UTC)
 * (Article on the film's first release, its circulation and 'streamlining' over the years, and details of the premiere of the restored film, both in the cinema and on cable tv.)
 * (Article by Kevin Brownlow on the making of the film.)
 * (deals with 1924 shooting of "Angels")
 * (deals with 1924 shooting of "Angels")
 * (deals with 1924 shooting of "Angels")
 * (deals with 1924 shooting of "Angels")
 * (deals with 1924 shooting of "Angels")

Quotes
I think the article needs the quote section removed unless more are added. --Mburi11 (talk) 09:28, 7 March 2009 (UTC)

Summary rewrite
I am about to undertake a major rewrite of the summary. In my mind a lot of pronoun references are unclear, among other things, and the entire thing, again imho, could use some tightening. If anyone has any objections, speak now or forever hold your peace. :) --Reedmalloy (talk) 09:29, 21 March 2014 (UTC)

Perhaps you could include a bit about the history of its restoration? I say this because I remember seeing the Zeppelin footage at the NFT a long time ago when it was in the process of being restored.

Error ?
Sorry if this is in the wrong place; I can't figure out how to use the Talk section properly, for some reason. But I think this phrase: "After attempting to lease all available period aircraft to stall his competitor, Hughes brought a lawsuit through the Caddo Company and the Gainsborough Corporation, that alleged that the screenplay of Hell's Angels was plagiarized.[14]" must have a big typo--wouldn't it be "The Dawn Patrol" that Hughes accused of using a plagiarized script? He wouldn't bring a lawsuit against his own film. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Belmontian (talk • contribs) 05:19, 5 November 2017 (UTC) (Moved to proper section MB 15:20, 5 November 2017 (UTC))

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Hell's Angels budget
An editor is repeatedly adding a budget of $4 million to the article using this Time magazine source. This is what the article says: "They knew it had cost more ($3,850,000) to produce the picture than any other in cinema history except Ben Hur ($4,500,000) and Hell's Angels ($4,000,000)". So yes, you can find sources saying that Hell's Angels cost $4 million. However, this source is from 1939 and propagates a lie by Howard Hughes who misrepresented the cost of the film as $4 million. This is not true. The accounts for Hell's Angels were made public after Howard Hughes died and reveal the film in fact cost only $2.8 million. This is explained on p.253 of The speed of sound: Hollywood and the talkie revolution, 1926–1930 by Scott Eyman who teaches film history at the University of Miami. By repeatedly adding the claim that the film cost $4 million you are adding outdated claim which has since been proven to be wrong. This is all explained in the last paragraph of Hell's_Angels_(film). Betty Logan (talk) 13:11, 14 September 2018 (UTC)
 * this is not to claim that the budget was $4 million, but to document that this was a claim. the references are are such and the quote justifies the prior time.com reference. nowhere in the text was there an edit that chaged budget to $4,000,000. Documenting a lie is important. Please agree to stop deleting such documentation.
 * 69.181.23.220 (talk) 13:30, 14 September 2018 (UTC)
 * The claim is documented in the production section. The infobox is for recording the actual budget, not false information. Betty Logan (talk) 13:32, 14 September 2018 (UTC)
 * Could we have a note or something after the infobox's budget figure to guide readers along? Maybe an anchor link to the relevant paragraph? Erik (talk | contrib) (ping me) 14:16, 14 September 2018 (UTC)
 * There is already a hidden note for the benefit of editors. However, I have no problem with adding a visible note for readers. I think an anchor link would be a lot of faffing around though, so it would be better to just add a standard footnote. Betty Logan (talk) 15:13, 14 September 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Hell's Angels (film)


text:
User talk:David.given

Welcome
Welcome!

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title: User talk:David.given


text:
Intarsia (knitting)

Intarsia is a knitting technique used to create patterns with multiple colours. As with the woodworking technique of the same name, fields of different colours and materials appear to be inlaid in one another, fit together like a jigsaw puzzle.

Unlike other multicolour techniques (including Fair Isle, slip-stitch colour, and double knitting), there is only one "active" colour on any given stitch, and yarn is not carried across the back of the work; when a colour changes on a given row, the old yarn is left hanging. This means that any intarsia piece is topologically several disjoint columns of colour; a simple blue circle on a white background involves one column of blue and two of white—one for the left and one for the right. Intarsia is most often worked flat, rather than in the round. However, it is possible to knit intarsia in circular knitting using particular techniques.

Common examples of intarsia include sweaters with large, solid-colour features like fruits, flowers, or geometric shapes. Argyle socks and sweaters are normally done in intarsia, although the thin diagonal lines are often overlaid in a later step, using Swiss darning or sometimes just a simple backstitch.

Technique
Knitting in intarsia theoretically requires no additional skills beyond being generally comfortable with the basic knit and purl stitches. Materials required include multiple colours of yarn, standard needles, and bobbins. Bobbins serve to contain the inactive yarn and help keep it from getting tangled. Unlike the narrow, wooden ones used to make bobbin lace, modern intarsia bobbins resemble translucent plastic yo-yos that can snap tight to prevent the yarn from unwinding.

After winding a few yards of each colour onto its own bobbin (and possibly several bobbins' worth of some colours), the knitter simply begins knitting their pattern. When they arrive at a point where the colour changes, the knitter brings the new colour up underneath the old one (to prevent holes) and starts knitting with it. If flat knitting, at the end of the row, the piece is turned round just as with regular knitting, and the knitter returns the way they came.

The simplest intarsia pattern is for straight vertical stripes. After the first row, the pattern is continued by always working each stitch in the same colour as the previous row, changing colours at exactly the same point in each row. To make more elaborate patterns, one can let this colour boundary drift from row to row, changing colours a few stitches earlier or later each time.

Intarsia patterns are almost always given as charts (which, because of the mechanics of knitting, are read beginning at the lower right and continuing upward). The charts generally look like highly pixellated cartoon drawings, in this sense resembling dot-matrix computer graphics or needlepoint patterns (though usually without the colour nuance of the latter).

Knitting intarsia in the round
There are several techniques to execute intarsia when circular knitting. Executing intarsia "in-the-round" eliminates the need for seams and, in one case, turning the piece and working from the wrong side. Priscilla Gibson-Roberts discusses four techniques for knitting intarsia in the round in her book, Ethnic Socks & Stockings.

title: Intarsia (knitting)


text:
Viewtiful Joe: Double Trouble!

Viewtiful Joe: Double Trouble!, known in Japan as Viewtiful Joe: Scratch!, (ビューティフル ジョー スクラッチ！) is a video game developed by Clover Studio and published by Capcom for the Nintendo DS. It was released in 2005 in Japan and North America. Capcom partnered with Nintendo to distribute the game in Europe and Australia in early 2006. Viewtiful Joe: Double Trouble! is the fourth game released in the Viewtiful Joe series. The game's story opens on the set of director Captain Blue's new action movie in an amusement park called Movieland. When a mysterious group of villains known as Madow steal the only copy of the film, the superhero Viewtiful Joe and his younger sister Jasmine quickly give chase.

Gameplay in Viewtiful Joe: Double Trouble! is a mix of the platforming and beat 'em up video game genres. The DS touchscreen is a key feature of the game's controls, enabling players to utilize Viewtiful Joe's unique VFX powers in order to battle enemies and solve puzzles. These include being able to split the level in half horizontally or to swap the top screen to the touchscreen and vice versa. The game was relatively well received by critics, but it sold poorly.

Gameplay
Viewtiful Joe: Double Trouble! looks and plays similarly to its console counterparts Viewtiful Joe and Viewtiful Joe 2. The game is presented with 3D graphics set on a 2D plane and has both platforming and side-scrolling beat 'em up elements. Both screens on the DS feature the same gameplay with the top screen showing a magnified view of the player character Joe. The player controls Joe throughout a series of stages, or "episodes", which are divided into subsections with set goals such as defeating a group of enemies or reaching a checkpoint. Players combat enemies with punches and kicks and dodge enemy attacks by ducking and leaping upward. Successfully dodging an attack dazes the enemy, allowing the player to counterattack. Defeating enemies and destroying certain boxes grant players coins called "V-Medals", which contribute to the overall score called "V-Points". Performing combo moves on enemies displays "V-Marks", which act as a bonus by converting to V-Points as well. Finally, V-Points are awarded at the end of each stage objective, with more points given depending on the player's performance, such as how skillfully and quickly it was completed and how much damage the player took. V-Points can be used at certain stage checkpoints to purchase new attacks and items.

Much of the gameplay is centered around Joe's "Viewtiful Effects (VFX) Power", which is used in combat and puzzle solving. VFX Power is represented by a gauge located beneath the player's health. The gauge drains when in use but automatically replenishes itself. If it empties completely, Joe will temporarily lose his superpowers and will take more damage from enemies. The total length of the gauge can be extended by collecting "V-Tapes" scattered about each stage. There are five VFX Powers, and many of them are required to be combined for some puzzles. The first ability, "Slow", will decrease the speed of everything onscreen, increasing the player's reaction time and attack strength. "Scratch" is performed by rapidly scratching the touchscreen and lets the player shake the screen around to make random pieces of debris fall on enemies and to dislodge larger objects. "Split" allows the player split the stage in half by drawing a horizontal line across the touchscreen." It is used to shift props in the background (such as flowing water), allows the player to traverse walls, and moves platforms and objects into or out of the player's perspective. The final two powers are used in conjunction with one another. "Slide" swaps the bottom screen with the top, both causing enemies to tremble in fear of Joe and giving the player access to more attacks. After using Slide, "Touch" allows the player to flip switches or turn gears in the background. The combination of these two powers is also used to remove small, normally indestructible enemies, such as bats, from gameplay by tapping them on the touchscreen.

Plot
Unlike the other games in the series, Viewtiful Joe: Double Trouble! takes place primarily in the game's depiction of the real world instead of its fictional world of movies. The story is set in Movieland, an action film-styled theme park. The game opens on the set of a film starring movie hero and director Captain Blue and an aspiring actress named Jasmine. Just as Blue comes to the girl's rescue at a critical moment in the film, Jasmine's brother Joe, dressed as his alter ego Viewtiful Joe, steals the scene. Joe's girlfriend Silvia shows up, greeting Blue and Jasmine and inquiring why they are there. Jasmine explains her ambition to become like Junko, a legendary actress from the past. Suddenly, a group of villains crash the set and make off with a canister containing the reel of Blue's film. Wasting no time, Joe sets out after them. Joe quickly realizes he cannot use his "Movie Energy" to transform into Viewtiful Joe in the real world. To solve this, Blue has Silvia record Joe on a special movie camera called a "V-Cam".

Joe travels through several park attractions, always one step behind the henchmen that possess Blue's film. His sister Jasmine also pursues Blue's film, finding it important because it contains her acting debut. Each time the duo catches up to the film, he is forced to fight an action cinema character whose "hero-ness" has been stolen by an organization called Madow. They include the robotic policeman Gadget-Cop, the android Killer Hands, the size-changing Alter Woman, and the fly-like Meta Rangers Digi and Log. Each one that Joe defeats seemingly comes to his or her senses. Joe and Jasmine eventually face a cloud-like entity calling itself Queen Heinderella, the leader of Madow. After easily overpowering Joe, Heinderella reveals to the siblings that she desires the film because it contains the very essence of Captain Blue himself, the "Super Hero-ness". The two eventually reach an attraction titled "Viewtiful Joe - The Ride", which terminates in battle with Blade Master Alastor, Joe's rival from past entries in the Viewtiful Joe series. After a heated battle between Joe's Six Majin robot and Alastor's own Rex Majin, Heinderella appears again and takes Blue's film. With Alastor's advice, Joe and Jasmine travel to a large castle in the center of the park in the game's last episode.

Joe and Jasmine reach Heinderella in the throneroom of the castle, where she transforms the top of the structure into a giant, mechanized monstrosity, which Joe fights and destroys it. He is then confronted by a humanoid Heinderella, who proceeds to steal Joe's hero-ness from him, leaving him devoid of his superpowers. All the action film heroes Joe has met during his mission suddenly arrive and give up their own hero-ness to Heinderella. The queen admits that everything had been planned out from the beginning and explains her intent Joe's power for world domination. A powerless Viewtiful Joe is quickly disabled by her and falls helpless to the ground. With encouragement from Jasmine and Captain Blue, Joe regains his hero-ness and defeats Heinderella in a final battle. Heinderella reveals herself to be the late actress Junko, Joe and Jasmine's mother. Prior to the game's events, Junko had once been rich and successful with her acting career. However, Junko's dreams were dashed as her career plummeted shortly thereafter, and she coincidentally died from injuries suffered from a car crash while on her way to an audition. She explains that she was allowed one day to visit her children from heaven and that she used it to teach her kids to follow their dreams and to test their value of fighting for justice. Junko says farewell to them, and as the reunion ends, a new threat arises somewhere in the distance. Using the sense of justice instilled in her by her mother, Jasmine transforms herself into a super heroine, and she and Joe set off to face it together.

Development
Viewtiful Joe: Double Trouble! was developed by Clover Studio, a subsidiary of Capcom. The game was first announced under the working title Viewtiful Joe DS at the Electronic Entertainment Expo (E3) in 2004 as an early third-party Nintendo DS release. Development of Viewtiful Joe: Double Trouble! took one year to complete using a team of twenty people helmed by director Junichi Ota and producer Atsushi Inaba. Hideki Kamiya, who was responsible for some previous Viewtiful Joe titles, acted as an advisor and a scenario writer for the game. Takeshi Miura composed the soundtrack.

As Double Trouble! features 3D graphics like the previous installments in the series, Inaba explained that the most difficult aspect of the game's development was bringing the world of Viewtiful Joe to the DS with regard to the handheld's limitations, specifically the number of polygons possible for display on the screen. The game requires use of the D-pad, facebuttons, and the DS touchscreen throughout the course of gameplay. Inaba stressed that the touchscreen functionality was designed for the player's finger instead of the DS stylus, as it creates a much more fluid experience during gameplay.

Reception
Reception of Viewtiful Joe: Double Trouble! were "mixed", but leaned more positive overall. The game has a score of 76% on Game Rankings and a 73 out of 100 on Metacritic. IGN rated it 8.5 out of 10, netting it an "Editor's Choice" award. The website stated "The game does have its quirks, mostly boiling down to the technical limitations: it's not as fast or energetic as past Viewtiful Joe games, and the touch screen sensitivity can get a little wonky in the heat of the battle. But even with these minor oddities, this game is one of the most fun and creative ways to move a 'traditional' console game onto the Nintendo DS." The game received a number of honors from the website during its coverage of E3 in 2005 including "Best DS Game", "Best Action Game" on the DS, "Best Graphics" on the DS, and "Most Innovative Design" on the DS. It additionally won "Most Innovative Design" for the DS in IGN's reflection on the year 2005. GameSpot had a similar opinion, rating it 7.6 out of 10. remarking that it "is a good place for the beloved superhero to break into handheld games" but that "[t]he action and puzzle-solving do feel a bit repetitive at times, and the touch screen VFX powers take a bit of getting used to." Others thought it was excellent, such as 1UP.com, who rated it a B+. They stated that "Double Trouble! delivers a refreshingly solid, worthwhile action romp. Joe runs, jumps, punches, and defies the laws of physics just like in the console VJ titles, and a handful of new touch-panel VFX powers provide clever twists."

Famitsu reported that Viewtiful Joe: Double Trouble! sold approximately 5,661 units in Japan between November 2 and November 27, 2005.

title: Viewtiful Joe: Double Trouble!


text:
Mount Colah railway station

Mount Colah railway station is located on the Main Northern line, serving the Mount Colah suburb of Sydney, Australia. It is served by Sydney Trains T1 North Shore Line services and some early morning and late night NSW TrainLink Central Coast & Newcastle Line services.

History
Mount Colah station opened on 1 July 1887 as Colah. It was renamed Mount Colah on 6 May 1906.

Transport links
CDC NSW operates three bus routes via Mount Colah station, under contract to Transport for NSW:
 * 592: Hornsby station to Brooklyn and Mooney Mooney
 * 595: Hornsby station to Arthurs Circle
 * 597: Hornsby station to Berowra station and Berowra Heights

title: Mount Colah railway station