text:
1926 in Norwegian football

Results from Norwegian football in 1926.

Class A of local association leagues
Class A of local association leagues (kretsserier) is the predecessor of a national league competition.

National team
Sources:

title: 1926 in Norwegian football


text:
Connections (British TV series)

Connections is a science education television series created, written, and presented by British science historian James Burke. The series was produced and directed by Mick Jackson of the BBC Science and Features Department and first aired in 1978 (UK) and 1979 (US). It took an interdisciplinary approach to the history of science and invention, and demonstrated how various discoveries, scientific achievements, and historical world events were built from one another successively in an interconnected way to bring about particular aspects of modern technology. The series was noted for Burke's crisp and enthusiastic presentation (and dry humour), historical re-enactments, and intricate working models.

The popular success of the series led to the production of The Day the Universe Changed (1985), a similar programme, but showing a more linear history of several important scientific developments.

Years later, the success in syndication led to three sequels. Connections2 (1994) and Connections3 (1997) were made for TLC. In November 2023, the six-episode series Connections with James Burke, premiered on Curiosity Stream, again with Burke as the on-screen presenter.

In 2004, KCSM-TV produced a program called Re-Connections, consisting of an interview of Burke and highlights of the original series, for the 25th anniversary of the first broadcast in the US on PBS.

Content
Connections explores an "Alternative View of Change" (the subtitle of the series) that rejects the conventional linear and teleological view of historical progress. Burke contends that one cannot consider the development of any particular piece of the modern world in isolation. Rather, the entire gestalt of the modern world is the result of a web of interconnected events, each one consisting of a person or group acting for reasons of their own motivations (e.g., profit, curiosity, religion) with no concept of the final, modern result to which the actions of either them or their contemporaries would lead. The interplay of the results of these isolated events is what drives history and innovation, and is also the main focus of the series and its sequels.

To demonstrate this view, Burke begins each episode with a particular event or innovation in the past (usually ancient or medieval times) and traces the path from that event through a series of seemingly unrelated connections to a fundamental and essential aspect of the modern world. For example, the episode "The Long Chain" traces the invention of plastics from the development of the fluyt, a type of Dutch cargo ship.

Burke also explores three corollaries to his initial thesis. The first is that, if history is driven by individuals who act only on what they know at the time, and not because of any idea as to where their actions will eventually lead, then predicting the future course of technological progress is merely conjecture. Therefore, if we are astonished by the connections Burke is able to weave among past events, then we will be equally surprised to what the events of today eventually will lead, especially events of which we were not even aware at the time.

The second and third corollaries are explored most in the introductory and concluding episodes, and they represent the downside of an interconnected history. If history progresses because of the synergistic interaction of past events and innovations, then as history does progress, the number of these events and innovations increases. This increase in possible connections causes the process of innovation to not only continue, but also to accelerate. Burke poses the question of what happens when this rate of innovation, or more importantly "change" itself, becomes too much for the average person to handle, and what this means for individual power, liberty, and privacy.

Lastly, if the entire modern world is built from these interconnected innovations, all increasingly maintained and improved by specialists who required years of training to gain their expertise, what chance does the average citizen without this extensive training have in making an informed decision on practical technological issues, such as the building of nuclear power plants or the funding of controversial projects such as stem cell research? Furthermore, if the modern world is increasingly interconnected, what happens when one of those nodes collapses? Does the entire system follow suit?

Series 1 (1978)
The original 1978 Connections 10-episode documentary television series was created, written, and presented by science historian James Burke and had a companion book (Connections, based on the series). The 1978 Connections companion book was published about the time the middle of the series was airing, so likely was written in parallel to the series and had a postproduction editing release. The very popular book was re-released as a work in a 1995 edition, in 1998 (relations to sections below is unknown), and again in 2007 as both hardcover or softcover editions. Since the television series varied in content with each corresponding production run and release, the companion volumes (as is suggested by the plethora of ISBN codes) are also likely to be different works. This 1978 work's coverage deviates in some topics and details being both more in depth and a bit broader, from the lighter coverage of the episodes.

Series 2 (1994)
Released as Connections$2$.

Series 3 (1997)
Released as Connections$3$.

Series 4 (2023)
Released as Connections with James Burke on 9 November 2023 on Curiosity Stream.

Related works
The first series received a companion book, also by Burke. The first three Connections series have been released in their entirety as DVD box sets in the US. The ten episodes of series one were released in Europe (Region 2) on 6 February 2017.

Burke also wrote a recurring column for Scientific American which explored the history of science and ideas, going back and forth through time explaining things on the way and, generally, coming back to the starting point. The columns were collated into a book in 1995 (ISBN 0-316-11672-6).

Burke produced another documentary series called The Day the Universe Changed in 1985, which explored man's concept of how the universe worked in a manner similar to the original Connections.

Richard Hammond's Engineering Connections, shown on BBC2, follows a similar format, as does Latif Nasser's Connected TV series shown on Netflix.

In video games
Connections, a Myst-style computer game with James Burke and others providing video footage and voice acting, was released in 1995. It was a runner-up for Computer Gaming World's award for the best "Classics/Puzzles" game of 1995, which ultimately went to You Don't Know Jack. The editors wrote of Connections, "That you enjoy yourself so much you hardly realize that you're learning is a tribute to the design."

A clip from the episode "Yesterday, Tomorrow and You" appears in the 2016 video game The Witness.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Connections (British TV series)


text:
Talk:The Hilarious House of Frightenstein

(untitled)
Iam absolutely loved this show when it aired, although I watched it in the late 70's. I would love to see it again! -a kid from the 70's

Parts of this article appear to have been lifted, with very little alteration, from the book "TV North" by Peter Kenter (ISBN 1-55285-146-X) Brithgob 22:26, 19 July 2005 (UTC)

Some of this is out on DVD. http://www.frightenstein.com/ Check Amazon.com also

I think someone should state HOW they did the show. They'd set up for the Witch segments and Billy would dress up in the Witch character and tape all those segments, then they'd strike the set and build a different segment one and he'd tape all those, and so on.

It airs now airs on Space: The Imgaination Station. User:Studio60OnTheSunsetStrip

Music copyright
I have noticed this show now plays frequently on the Canadian "Drive-In Classics" channel. However, it appears to have parts cut out of it--for example, I watched it today and most of the "Wolfman" segment (my favourite part of the show), where he plays the funky music to the psychadelic lights with Igor dancing, was cut out. Does anyone know if this is for copyright reasons, or just time-editing? Hiddekel 05:55, 14 January 2006 (UTC)

It currently airs on "Space" (cable channel) on Shaw Cable at 5:00AM MTS. It also does not include the aforementioned Wolfman dance scenes. I have the same quesion, hence why I added this comment. Anyone know why? —Preceding unsigned comment added by Ghall22 (talk • contribs) 10:19, 10 September 2007 (UTC)

 * I've heard and read, although I don't remember where, that most of the copyrights on the songs in the show had expired a while back. Plus at that time, they probably only held the broadcasting copyrights for television broadcast and not VHS or DVD since those weren't really around yet. Most of the songs were recent hits from the time the show was filmed. tangcameo  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 70.64.18.181 (talk) 20:22, 6 November 2010 (UTC)

 * Copyrights in Canada expire at the end of the calendar year 50 years after the original author's death (or death of the last member of a group of authors) or 50 years after publication in the case that it was developed by a corporation. This is generally independent of who owns the copyright, such as a music publisher.  Recorded songs have both a writer's copyright and a recording artist's copyright, although they may apply to the same person.  Generally to broadcast a recorded song, permission must be obtained from both the writer and the recording artist(s), or their agents or estates.

 * All the songs in the Wolfman segments were written and recorded in the 1960's and very early 1970's. Many of the original artists are still alive or only recently died.  Therefore the copyrights have not yet expired, and the works have not fallen into the public domain.  For a copyright on a recorded song to be expired in 2010, the writer and recording artist(s) would have had to die prior to 1960, that is 1959 or earlier.  Nutster (talk) 15:57, 9 November 2010 (UTC)

HHof F is also now showing on TVLand
This show is currently being broadcast in Canada on the TVLand network. I never watched it in its original run and only heard about it in the 1990s. Smith & Smith must have borrowed heavily from it for the hotel scenes in their show; it's not so surprising, since they, too, were involved with CHCH. Grandma Roses 11:14, 26 September 2007 (UTC)

13th Son of Dracula?
Does anyone know if Count Frightenstein really is the 13th son of Dracula? If so, where does this information come from? I never heard it before. Thank you. Dory Campbell. ````
 * From the character bible for the show. This was a pure invention of the creators of the character.  Nutster (talk) 16:01, 9 November 2010 (UTC)

Doctor Pet-Vet animals?
Where did the animals that appeared on Doctor Pet-Vet come from? Were they loaned from local animal shelters or breeders or what? Nutster (talk) 08:56, 5 October 2021 (UTC)


text:
Bisley, Gloucestershire

Bisley is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Bisley-with-Lypiatt, in the Stroud district, in Gloucestershire, England, about 4 mi east of Stroud. The once-extensive manor included Stroud and Chalford, Thrupp, Oakridge, Bussage, Througham and Eastcombe. In 1891 the parish had a population of 5171.

Governance
An electoral ward in the name Bisley exists. The ward has the same area and population as the civil parish of "Bisley-with-Lypiatt".

The parish was abolished in 1894 to form "Bisley with Lypiatt" and Chalford.

History and architecture
The area is noted for the wealth of its Cotswold stone houses of architectural and historic interest. They include Lypiatt Park, formerly the home of Judge H. B. D. Woodcock and then of the late Modernist sculptor Lynn Chadwick; Nether Lypiatt Manor, formerly the home of Violet Gordon-Woodhouse and Prince and Princess Michael of Kent; Daneway (near Sapperton, but within the parish of Bisley); Over Court; Througham Court (repaired in 1929 for the novelist Sir Michael Sadleir by Norman Jewson); and Jaynes Court, formerly the private residence of Simon Isaacs, 4th Marquess of Reading (born 1942).

Througham Slad Manor is believed to date from the mid-16th century with 18th century additions, the manor was altered in the 1930s by Norman Jewson for W. A. Cadbury. In the 1970s, the house was owned by Mike Oldfield, who installed a recording studio in the barn.

The village prison, which had originally been located in the churchyard, was replaced in 1824 by a two-cell lock-up, where drunks were kept overnight, and petty criminals were detained before appearing before the magistrate. This was often followed by a spell in the stocks or pillory. This building still stands, minus its heavy oak doors.

Bisley has a structure on Wells Road, containing seven spouts forming a public water supply from the Seven Springs and is known for its well dressing.

There is a Saxon wayside cross on the wide verge of Bisley Road, south-west of Stancombe Toll House.

Church history
The parish church of All Saints may originally have been an Anglo-Saxon minster. Between 1827 and 1873 the Vicar was Thomas Keble, a Tractarian and a pioneer in parish ministry. Thomas Keble was the younger brother of John Keble. His son Thomas Keble succeeded him as Vicar.

Notable residents

 * Denis Parsons Burkitt, surgeon and cancer researcher, lived latterly in Bisley and was buried there in 1993.
 * Mike Oldfield, musician, lived and recorded at Througham Slad Manor in the 1970s.
 * Bisley since 1982 has been the home of Jilly Cooper, a prolific contemporary novelist, and was that of her husband, the publisher Leo Cooper, until his death in 2013.
 * Michael Sadleir (1888–1957), publisher, novelist, book collector and bibliographer, lived in Bisley from 1929 to 1949.

title: Bisley, Gloucestershire


text:
User talk:Billpg

demented cartoon movie
You say you backed up the article The Demented Cartoon Movie!. Could you please recreate the article? It was really helpful and the movie is frickin' awesome!!!!!! Happy8 03:36, 31 October 2006 (UTC)

POTD notification
This is to let you know the Featured Picture you uploaded and/or nominated Image:Pioneer10-plaque.jpg is scheduled to be Picture of the day on December 4, 2006, when it will be featured on the Main Page. Congratulations!  howch e  ng   {chat} 17:46, 3 November 2006 (UTC)

CapnAwesome
A tag has been placed on CapnAwesome, requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done because it is an article about a certain web site, blog, forum, or other community of web users that does not assert the importance or significance of that web location. Please read our criteria for speedy deletion, particularly item 7 under Articles, as well as notability guidelines for websites. Please note that articles must be on notable subjects and should provide references to reliable sources which verify their content.

Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself. To contest the tagging and request that administrators wait a while for you to add contextual material, please affix the template  to the page, and put a note on Talk:CapnAwesome. Feel free to leave a note on my talk page if you have any questions about this. StoptheDatabaseState 23:36, 15 December 2006 (UTC)

Deletion discussion
Hi. As someone who's contributed to deletion discussions concerning micronation articles before, I wonder if you wouldn't mind taking a look at this one. --Gene_poole 00:38, 4 January 2007 (UTC)

Orphaned fair use image (Image:Burton-Earny-from-A-Day-At-The-Park.JPG)
Thanks for uploading Image:Burton-Earny-from-A-Day-At-The-Park.JPG. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently orphaned, meaning that it is not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable under fair use (see our fair use policy).

If you have uploaded other unlicensed media, please check whether they're used in any articles or not. You can find a list of 'image' pages you have edited by clicking on the "my contributions" link (it is located at the very top of any Wikipedia page when you are logged in), and then selecting "Image" from the dropdown box. Note that any fair use images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. This is an automated message from BJBot 09:21, 4 February 2007 (UTC)

Proposed Micronation Wikiproject
I've published a proposal to gauge the level of interest in setting up a micronation Wikiproject, which I thought might be of interest to you based on your past contributions. Comments and suggestions are welcome: WikiProject_Council/Proposals --Gene_poole 01:46, 29 May 2007 (UTC)

Disputed fair use rationale for Image:Tennantdoc.jpg
Thanks for uploading Image:Tennantdoc.jpg. However, there is a concern that the rationale you have provided for using this image under "fair use" may be invalid. Please read the instructions at Non-free content carefully, then go to the image description page and clarify why you think the image qualifies for fair use. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If it is determined that the image does not qualify under fair use, it will be deleted within a couple of days according to our criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the media copyright questions page. Thank you. Ase nine  (talk) (contribs)  20:37, 23 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Because you are the most recent editor/reverter of the image, you are responsible. Ase  nine  (talk) (contribs)  10:11, 24 December 2007 (UTC)

RfD nomination of Englandland
I have nominated for discussion. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; please participate in the discussion by adding your comments at the discussion page. Thank you. — The Man in Question (in question)  05:45, 26 December 2009 (UTC)

Change license of File:Dodecahedron.gif ?
Hello. I'm an amateur video maker and I'd like to use this animation...

I understand you are the author and copyright holder. Would you be willing to change it to a CC-BY or even a CC-Zero/public-domain licence? I'd be willing to pay you for your trouble. --Billpg (talk) 07:13, 16 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Hi. Are you sure you need a different license on the animation, to use it? It's already under CC-BY-SA, which means you can use it already (as long as whatever it's combined with is compatible with CC-BY-SA). Κσυπ Cyp  15:47, 16 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Its the SA part. I often use clips that the copyright holder has only allowed me to use. Other times, I simply won't want to CC my own work. (PS, That one is CC-BY-SA.) --Billpg (talk) 00:00, 17 June 2011 (UTC)

 * I saw the video, it seems original. I'd rather not change it to CC-BY, but I'll give you permission to use it (and for you to release the combined result under CC-BY or something, if you want). Please let me know what you use it for. Κσυπ Cyp   17:28, 18 June 2011 (UTC)

 * Thank you. I'll switch my 'Dartford Tunnel' video to CC-BY.
 * I was thinking of using the spinning the dodecahedron as my motif. Like Alfred Hitchcock making a small cameo in each film, I would work in the dodecahedron in each one. If you change your mind, please ping me at my talk page. (If you will permit me to make an offer, I'd be willing to pay you 50 USD 80 USD in return for you for switching that file's license to CC0.) --Billpg (talk) 21:57, 8 July 2011 (UTC)

 * I'll let you use it as CC0, and instead of paying me, you may donate to Wikipedia instead, if you want. Κσυπ Cyp  15:36, 20 July 2011 (UTC)

Nomination for merging of Template:Infobox micronation
Template:Infobox micronation has been nominated for merging with Template:Infobox country. You are invited to comment on the discussion at the template's entry on the Templates for discussion page. Thank you. Rezonansowy (talk •  contribs) 11:59, 24 August 2013 (UTC)

POTD notification
Hi Bill,

Just to let you know that the Featured Picture File:Earth-Moon.png is due to make an appearance as Picture of the Day on February 20, 2014. If you get a chance, you can check and improve the caption at Template:POTD/2014-02-20. Thank you for all of your contributions! — Crisco 1492 (talk) 23:50, 3 February 2014 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:01, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

The Timelords
Hey, 'thanks' for retargetting the redirect The Timelords and not fixing the incoming links. 10 years later and there's 17 articles still linking to the wrong place. --kingboyk (talk) 06:47, 18 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Actually, every single incoming link was KLF-related (and many were extant at the time). Not one was Doctor Who. However, I accept the 'new' target and have cleaned up the links. --kingboyk (talk) 07:31, 18 March 2020 (UTC)

"Shii's Song" listed at Redirects for discussion
A discussion is taking place to address the redirect Shii&. The discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2020 December 14 until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. 223.17.177.154 (talk) 08:00, 14 December 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:Billpg


text:
Jollification

Jollification is the third album by English rock band the Lightning Seeds. All songs were written by Ian Broudie, with contributions on some tracks from Alison Moyet, Ian McNabb and Terry Hall.

Four tracks from the album were released as singles in the UK: "Lucky You", "Marvellous", "Change" and "Perfect". It peaked at number 12 in the UK Albums Chart, and gained platinum certification in December 1995.

Background
In 1989 Ian Broudie began recording alone under the name Lightning Seeds and achieved success with the psychedelic and synthpop hit "Pure", from the album Cloudcuckooland, which reached the UK Top 20. The same year "Joy" and "All I Want" were also released but failed to make an impression. "Pure" had some success in the United States Billboard Top 40, reaching No. 32. Both "Pure" and "All I Want" also reached the Modern Rock Tracks top 10. In 1991 Broudie returned to song-writing and moved labels from Rough Trade to Virgin.

Writing and recording
By the end of 1993, Broudie had completed the third Lightning Seeds album Jollification, which included contributions from Terry Hall, Simon Rogers, Alison Moyet and Ian McNabb. A promotional tour began in August 1994 with their line-up consisting of, guitarist Paul Hemmings, drummer Chris Sharrock, bassist Martyn Campbell and keyboardist Ali Kane. The tour benefited from the success of the second single from the album "Change", which reached No. 13 in the UK Singles Chart, becoming Lightning Seeds' second UK top twenty hit. The album Jollification became a critical success and the other singles taken from this album ("Lucky You", "Marvellous" and "Perfect") all made noticeable impact. Mark Farrow's album cover featured the use of computer graphics to create an enormous strawberry and depicting seeds with superimposed human faces.

Release and reception
Jollification was released in the UK on 5 September 1994 and in the US on 20 December 1994. Jason Damas for AllMusic felt that the album is "occasionally too produced", but called it Broudie's "strongest batch of songs yet".

Track listing
All songs written by Ian Broudie (except where stated).
 * 1) "Perfect" – 3:28
 * 2) "Lucky You" – 4:20 (Broudie, Terry Hall)
 * 3) "Open Goals" (sample by Aaron Neville, George Porter Jr., Joseph Modeliste, Leo Nocentelli) - 3:49
 * 4) "Change" – 4:03
 * 5) "Why Why Why" – 4:14
 * 6) "Marvellous" – 5:31
 * 7) "Feeling Lazy" – 3:55 (Broudie, Ian McNabb)
 * 8) "My Best Day" – 5:00 (Broudie, Alison Moyet)
 * 9) "Punch & Judy" – 3:17
 * 10) "Telling Tales" – 2:52

"Open Goals" contains a sample from "Look-Ka Py Py" as recorded by The Meters.

Personnel

 * The Lightning Seeds
 * Ian Broudie – vocals, all instruments, producer
 * Simon Rogers – all instruments, producer

 * Production
 * Cenzo Townshend – engineer
 * David Bascombe – mixing
 * Bob Ludwig – mastering

 * Additional musicians
 * Clive Layton – Hammond organ, piano
 * Marina Van-Rooy – vocals on "Why Why Why"
 * Alison Moyet – vocals on "My Best Day", backing vocals
 * Terry Hall – backing vocals
 * Ian McNabb – backing vocals
 * Carl Brown – backing vocals
 * Simon Fowler – backing vocals

 * Other personnel
 * Mark Farrow – design
 * Debra Burley – co-ordination
 * Andy Earl - photography

Certifications

 * United Kingdom (BPI): Silver (1 July 1995), Gold (1 August 1995), Platinum (1 December 1995)

title: Jollification


text: Category:Singaporean alcoholic drinks

title: Category:Singaporean alcoholic drinks


text:
Jishō

Jishō (治承) was a Japanese era name (年号) after Angen and before Yōwa. This period spanned the years from August 1177 through July 1181. The reigning emperors were Takakura-tennō (高倉天皇) and Antoku-tennō (安徳天皇).

Change of era

 * 1177 Jishō gannen (治承元年): The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in Angen 3, on the 4th day of the 8th month of 1177.

Events of the Jishō era

 * 1177 (Jishō 1, 28th day of the 4th month): A great fire in the capital was spread by high winds; and the palace was reduced to cinders.
 * 1178 (Jishō 2, 12th day of the 11th month): Emperor Takakura's consort, Tokuko, gives birth to an infant who will become Emperor Antoku.
 * 1180 (Jishō 4, 21st day of the 2nd month): Emperor Takakura abdicates.
 * 1180 (Jishō 4, 21st day of the 4th month): In the 12th year of Takakura-tennō's reign (高倉天皇12年), the emperor was forced to abdicate; and the succession (senso) was received by his infant son, the grandson of Taira Kiyomori.
 * 1180 (Jishō 4, 22nd day of the 4th month): Emperor Antoku's is said to have acceded to the throne (sokui) on the day of his coronation ceremony.
 * 1180 (Jishō 4, 2nd day of the 6th month): Former-Emperor Go-Shirakawa-in, former-emperor Takakura-in and Emperor Antoku leave Kyoto for Fukuhara, which is near modern-day Kōbe, Hyōgo.
 * 1180 (Jishō 4, 26th day of the 11th month): The capital is moved back to Kyoto from Fukuhara.
 * 1180 (Jishō 4): A devastating whirlwind causes havoc in Heian-kyō, the capital.
 * 1181 (Jishō 5, 14th day of the 1st month): Emperor Takakura dies.
 * 1181 (Jishō 5, 25th day of the 4th month): Battle of Sunomata-gawa

title: Jishō


text:
Yi Hong

Yi Hong (born 1974 in Seoul) is a South Korean model and entertainer. She is descendant of Joseon royalty; she is the eldest daughter of Yi Seok by his second wife, Donkgo Jeonghui, and a great-granddaughter of Emperor Gojong of Korea.

Biography
Yi Hong was born in Chigung palace in the neighborhood of Gujeong-dong located next to Gyeongbokgung palace, Seoul, the main palace of the Joseon Dynasty. Her father, Yi Seok is the eleventh son of Prince Imperial Ui, the 5th son of Emperor Gojong of Korea. He was a well known singer in the 1960s while in his twenties, having several hit songs including "Bidulgi jip (Dove's house). Yi Seok is currently lecturing at Jeonju University and several universities. Her parents divorced when she was at the age of three in Korean age, so Yi was raised by her maternal grandmother. Since 1979, she had lived in the United States for 10 years. Yi did not know that she was a descendant of the Korean imperial family until she was at the first year of her middle school. She first met her father at her senior year of her high school 6 months before she took the university entrance exam. In an interview with a weekly magazine, she confessed that she felt glad to meet her father, and at the same time, she was in confusion.

After graduation from the Industrial design department at Hansung University, she worked as an interior designer for a short period. Yi then studied business in Japan. Although she appeared in several films as a small roles, Yi officially started her career as an entertainer by starring in a KTF commercial. She also appeared in a Samsung Anicall commercial, and singer Jo Gwan-u's music video. In an interview with Hankook Ilbo in 2007, Yi Hong wished to restore the dignity of the empire.

In 2000, she married Han Yeong-gwang (한영광), an actor. They have one child, a daughter born in 2001.

title: Yi Hong


text:
User:Seanwong

My Stub,

back later with something interesting ( I better go do something now to put in it !)

Seanwong 06:34, 18 Jun 2005 (UTC)

mmm, I tried to get my company's product jobpac listed, but the wikiborg kiled the page ! Seanwong 07:35, 5 September 2006 (UTC)

title: User:Seanwong


text:
Talk:South Korean animation

North Korea
This article has nothing about North Korean animation, like, which appears to be primarily propaganda targeted at North Korean youth. Should animations such as these get a mention? 60.231.26.221 10:14, 1 April 2007 (UTC)

Manhwa yeonghwa
I've seen Korean animation being called Manhwa Yeonghwa... and it was by a Korean speaker from a magazine which printed anime stuff, but the editor was Korean. The person asked the readers to call Korean animation properly. Can someone counter?--Hitsuji Kinno (talk) 23:46, 7 August 2008 (UTC)

Slavery controversy section
Not everyone has seen these Banksy opening credits, why aren't they described? Why aren't there any references? The section is quite unclear, and reads like it was written by someone with an agenda, certainly not fitting for an encyclopedia. The only reference doesn't support all the claims made. Shouldn't this be more than enough to warrant deletion? 88.73.76.144 (talk) —Preceding undated comment added 00:52, 8 November 2012 (UTC)

Merger proposal
I propose that History of Korean animation be merged into Korean animation. I think that the content in the History of Korean animation article can easily be explained in the context of Korean animation, and the Korean animation article is of a reasonable size that the merging of History of Korean animation will not cause any problems as far as article size or undue weight is concerned. The History of Korean animation article will also add much-needed referencing to the Korean animation page. Yoninah (talk) 17:35, 10 January 2017 (UTC)
 * I am not sure if the merge is needed. I think the topic of history of Korean animation has stand-alone notability, so there is no need to redirect the article here. We can copy more content and expand this one while leaving it in the old article. Finally, I'll note that the history section here is an unreferenced mess, while the old article is fully referenced. If we try to preserve the current content and merge the history of... here, and then redirect it, we will decrease the quality of the history content, as we will replace the fully referenced history of... article with one which is not. PS. I found some nice English refs at and, if anyone would like to see if the content here could be referenced properly. --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| reply here  14:29, 11 January 2017 (UTC)
 * Merging doesn't mean keeping the old material intact. If the merged content is better/better referenced, that should take precedence over the low-quality text. I propose saving whatever is salvageable from the History section here and primarily using the content of History of Korean animation for the History section. Yoninah (talk) 19:36, 11 January 2017 (UTC)
 * I don't see why this article should disappear. You can copy the content, improve history section there, and leave this one intact for further development. I repeat: I believe the subtopic of history of Korean animation is important enough to deserve its own separate article. --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| reply here 20:43, 21 January 2017 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified 4 external links on Korean animation. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120426054727/http://www.korazy.com.au/main/page_articles_article_2.html to http://www.korazy.com.au/main/page_articles_article_2.html
 * Added tag to http://www.chuncheon.go.kr/eng/contents.asp?MCode=30302
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20061212042920/http://nandakorea.sakura.ne.jp/koreanime.html to http://nandakorea.sakura.ne.jp/koreanime.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080920023427/http://www.korazy.com.au/ to http://www.korazy.com.au/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120426054727/http://www.korazy.com.au/main/page_articles_article_2.html to http://www.korazy.com.au/main/page_articles_article_2.html

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 21:19, 31 December 2017 (UTC)

Native names for Korean animation studios
I can't find native names for some of the Korean animation studios, for example what is native name of South Korean animation studio Anima Sam Won? Isn't is (주)아니마삼웜? And what is native namne for North Korean animation studio Studio Paek-ho? Isn't is ㅅ투디오퍀호? 94.180.100.46 (talk) 08:25, 5 July 2018 (UTC)

Split the page
If we have Chinese and Taiwanese animation pages, then we should divide this page into North and South Korean animation pages respectively. And North Korea don't have just 3 animation studios: In reality North Korea may have as much animation studios as mainland China or Vietnam. 94.180.52.22 (talk) 12:53, 8 August 2018 (UTC)
 * S.E.K. Studio (조선4·26만화영화촬영소)
 * Studio Paek-ho (조선백호만화영화창작단)
 * Samchŏlli General Corp. (삼천리총회사)

Requested move 26 February 2020

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

No consensus to move, after extended time for discussion. BD2412 T 13:19, 12 March 2020 (UTC)

Animation in South Korea → Aeni – Animation in South Korea is usually referred to as "aeni" in Korean the same way that animation in Japanese is "anime". This can be seen by reading various online discussions, videos, and articles about animation that are in Korean. Recently, there have been an increase in the number of Korean animated TV and web shows that have started to come out based on manhwa and original ideas from various companies including Naver with LICO TV, SYOK Studio, and Crunchyroll. Since there has been an increase in the number of Korean animated shows that are now being created and there is no other use for the term "aeni" in English, I feel we should rename the page to distinguish and reflect Korean animation the same way we do for Korean comics with manhwa and Japanese animation with anime. While the term is not widely known yet, there are still a few who are aware of it and make the effort to make a distinction. This move is also being done to curve the use of "Korean anime" to refer to Korean animation as now fewer people say "Chinese anime" to refer to donghua. AquilaXIII (talk) 05:33, 26 February 2020 (UTC) —Relisting. — Nnadigoodluck 🇳🇬 11:48, 4 March 2020 (UTC)

 * Oppose - proposal would greatly limit the topic. Currently, this article is about the broad animation industry, where "aeni" is limited to particular styles/properties. Also, I don't think "aeni" is COMMMONNAME... it seems to be used far less than even the phrase "Korean anime". OP's bolded example of "donghua" is misleading and contradictory evidence because actually its a redirect to Chinese animation. -- Netoholic @ 20:33, 26 February 2020 (UTC)
 * Aeni does not refer to specific styles or properties in Korean animation, aeni is the whole Korean animation industry since it's the term they use to refer to it. Renaming it wouldn't be limiting the article, it would be giving it its proper name the same way we do for manga, manhwa, and other country specific media. As mentioned before, the word aeni is still not well known outside of Korea since there hasn't been a good amount of animated shows that have been made or released outside of Korea that aren't cartoons (animation for kids) the same way anime and donghua have. It's just now that it's starting to happen and some are starting to take notice. You can see this on reddit with the few posts made about aeni and even a whole subreddit dedicated to it. As for Chinese animation, donghua isn't used for the name on Wikipedia because it is taken up by a disambiguation page since depending on the tones, it can mean different things. But if you look online through searches on Google, Bing, YouTube, and Reddit, you'll predominantly see the term donghua used for Chinese animation. You can see the same for aeni by doing an online search of 애니 and looking at the results. AquilaXIII (talk) 04:54, 27 February 2020 (UTC)
 * WP:USEENGLISH is the policy I think most applies here. It doesn't matter that aeni is "the term they use to refer to it" - we use the WP:COMMMONNAME as it stands now in English. You also admit that "the word aeni is still not well known outside of Korea". Also your original move request mentions move is also being done to curve the use of "Korean anime" (think you meant "curb the use") - that rationale is prescriptionist and sounds more like WP:Advocacy. -- Netoholic @ 05:31, 27 February 2020 (UTC)

 * Support - I agree that it makes sense to change the name since it's now starting to become more popular. No one really says Japanese animation or Japanese comics when referring to anime or manga and I agree that donghua is used way more than Chinese animation. Alexaclova112330 (talk) 20:45, 29 February 2020 (UTC)
 * SOCK/MEATPUPPET? I'm concerned at the edit/style overlap between User:AquilaXIII and User:Alexaclova112330. Are they two friends editing in the same topic area and with same style or is something else going on? In ictu oculi (talk) 15:25, 5 March 2020 (UTC)
 * https://tools.wmflabs.org/sigma/editorinteract.py?users=AquilaXIII&users=Alexaclova112330&users=&startdate=&enddate=&ns=&server=enwiki significant overlap on a small number of edits. For example User:Alexaclova112330 collected a Speedy deletion nomination of Category:Mexican pornographic film studios 14 June 2019 while AquilaXIII collected a Speedy deletion nomination of Category:Mexican pornography 22 June 2019 (UTC). And other similarities between home pages and edit history. This requires an explanation. Are these two editors in tandem, or a case of sock puppetry? In ictu oculi (talk) 15:32, 5 March 2020 (UTC)

 * Oppose we need evidence that Korean animation is better known as Aeni in English language sources before we move the article and no evidence had been provided.--69.157.252.96 (talk) 20:49, 29 February 2020 (UTC)
 * Support - I think it makes sense to move the page and rename it so we have consistency. I feel like all the arguments against it were already addressed too. I just wish the page would get better improvements like more additions and better sources. KumaPanda (talk) 03:25, 1 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Oppose. I have often seen anime and manga used in English, sometimes manhwa and donghua, but I cannot recall ever having seen aeni used in English. Dekimasu よ! 03:42, 1 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Though it does not alter the way we should select titles on the English Wikipedia, the Korean article is also at ko:대한민국의 애니메이션 ("Animation in South Korea", with "animation" spelled out completely). "Animation" occurs over 100 times in that article, "aeni" only once. Dekimasu よ! 05:31, 2 March 2020 (UTC)

 * Support - Doing a search online with 애니 brings up searches for animated shows on YouTube and Google. I think that if Korean animation is about to blow up like the user mentioned, then it would make sense to use the same term that is used in Korea. Either way, I don't really see a good reason not to support the move. 10.144.197.165 (talk) 22:10, 2 March 2020 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by 192.223.242.21 (talk)
 * Using Korean characters as a search term in this discussion is the opposite of what WP:USEENGLISH advises. This IP's contribution to the discussion should be dismissed out-of-hand just for that reason alone. -- Netoholic @ 07:49, 3 March 2020 (UTC)
 * I agree, the average English speaker is not going to use 애니 to look this up so it's completely irrelevant in determining whether or not Korean animation is better known as Aeni by English language speakers and sources.--69.157.252.96 (talk) 16:28, 3 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Very Strong Oppose completely fails WP:CRITERIA. Please read the guideline and explain how this proposal meets all the criteria for WP:TITLE. In ictu oculi (talk) 15:13, 4 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Strong oppose. The common name in English for Korean animation is by no means "aeni".  O.N.R.  (talk) 17:30, 4 March 2020 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 11:44, 14 December 2020 (UTC)
 * Animation character Lava.jpg

Requested move 20 June 2021

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: moved. (closed by non-admin page mover) feminist (+) 02:16, 28 June 2021 (UTC)

Animation in South Korea → South Korean animation – Changing the name of the page would just align it with similar pages like "Chinese animation", "Taiwanese animation", & "North Korean animation". The current name of the page doesn't make sense when it doesn't match the other ones. AquilaXIII (talk) 08:42, 20 June 2021 (UTC)
 * Support for consistency and per WP:COMMONNAME: "Animation in South Korea" is a descriptive name, and it should not be used if there is a common name in use. This ngram shows that "animation in South Korea" is so rarely used (compared to "South Korean animation") that it doesn't even show up on the graph.  Mysterymanblue  07:48, 21 June 2021 (UTC)
 * Weak support. This article is about SK and standardization of names is good. Please note that Korean animation is a redirect to History of Korean animation which discusses both SK and NK. I midly wonder if the redirect target is correct or whether it should be come a disambig? (Which I am leaning to). --Piotr Konieczny aka Prokonsul Piotrus| reply here 04:31, 22 June 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:South Korean animation


text:
User talk:Ierolli~enwiki

Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! --JYolkowski // talk 14:00, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called Ierolli. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name Ierolli~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 00:28, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 13:59, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Ierolli~enwiki


text:
Mahmoud Taha

Mahmoud Taha (محمود طه) (born 1942) is a Jordanian artist, potter and ceramicist noted for integrating calligraphy into his ceramics and is regarded as the leading ceramicist in the Arab world.

Life and career
Mahmoud Taha was born in Jaffa in 1942. He studied at Baghdad Academy of Fine Arts where he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1968. He then went on to study calligraphy with the renowned calligrapher Mohammad Al-Hafez. He later continued his training in ceramics at Cardiff College of Arts in Wales, graduating in 1976. On his return to Jordan, he established a studio specialising in ceramics, ceramic sculpture and calligraphy.

In 1966, his arts professor, Kadhim Haydar, advised the young artist to use Arabic calligraphic elements in some of his works, since the professor had noticed Taha's talent for calligraphy. According to Taha, "this piece of advice opened the door to a new stage in my work, in which I experimented with the Kufic script of different historical periods... [and subsequently] Thuluth script and elements of Islamic ornamentation." He is also credited with improving the writing and calligraphy skills of many students in Jordanian schools.

He has been described as the "leading ceramicist in the Arab world." Taha became one of the first contemporary artists to use calligraphy as a graphic element in his work, and thus pioneered the Hurufiyah art movement which combines traditional art forms in innovative ways. His work has been described in the following terms; "Taha molds the clay of his native soil into full, smooth vessels that not only maintain an ancient tradition but also explores an innovative combination of textures, glazes and forms. In Taha's work, the viewer may trace the natural hues of his ancient heritage."

Work
Taha produces small ceramic discs or plates as well as very large murals. His ceramic work is featured in the permanent collection of the Jordan National Gallery of Fine Arts in Amman and in the Majida Mouasher Collection, a collection devoted to contemporary artworks.

Selected exhibitions
 * The Right to Write, Jordan National Gallery, 1996
 * Contemporary Arab Artists, Darat Al Funun, 1997
 * Pioneers of Jordan, Darat Al Funun, 1999
 * Between Legend and Reality: Modern Art from the Arab World, Jordan National Art Gallery, 2002
 * Memory, Gallery of Cairo Amman Bank, 2008
 * The Tenth Maqama: Paper, Clay & Memory IV, Nabad Art Gallery, 2012 (solo exhibition)
 * Mahmoud Taha: Ceramicist, Cairo Amman Bank, 2013 (solo exhibition)
 * A Salute to Valantions, Orfali Gallery, Amman, 2013

Selected artworks

 * Nostalgia for Jerusalem, glazed ceramic, 60 X 84 cm, 1987
 * The Matyr, ceramic plate, date unknown
 * The Dome of the Rock, date unknown
 * Untitled Mural, 1999

title: Mahmoud Taha


text:
Osarseph

Osarseph or Osarsiph   is a legendary figure of Ancient Egypt who has been equated with Moses. His story was recounted by the Ptolemaic Egyptian historian Manetho in his Aegyptiaca (first half of the 3rd century BC); Manetho's work is lost, but the 1st century AD Jewish historian Josephus quotes extensively from it.

The story depicts Osarseph as a renegade Egyptian priest who leads an army of lepers and other unclean people against a pharaoh named Amenophis, who was the son of Ramses and the father of Ramses, whose original name was Sethos (Seti). The pharaoh is driven out of the country and the leper-army, in alliance with the Hyksos (whose story is also told by Manetho) ravage Egypt, committing many sacrileges against the gods, before Amenophis returns and expels them. Towards the end of the story Osarseph changes his name to Moses.

Much debated is the question of what, if any, historical reality might lie behind the Osarseph story. An influential study by Egyptologist Jan Assmann has suggested that no single historical incident or person lies behind the legend, and that it represents instead a conflation of several historical traumas, notably the religious reforms of Akhenaten (Amenophis IV).

Story
The story of Osarseph is known from two long quotations from the Aegyptiaca, a history of Egypt by the Egyptian historian Manetho, in Josephus's Against Apion. The first is Manetho's account of the expulsion of the Hyksos (the name is given by Manetho) and their settlement in Judea, where they found the city of Jerusalem. Josephus then draws the conclusion that Manetho's Hyksos were the Jews of the Exodus, although Manetho himself makes no such connection.

The second, set some two hundred years later, tells the story of Osarseph. According to Josephus, Manetho described Osarseph as a tyrannical high priest of Osiris at Heliopolis. Pharaoh Amenophis had a desire to see the gods, but in order to do so he first had to cleanse Egypt of lepers and other polluted people, setting 80,000 of them to work in the stone quarries, and then confining them to Avaris, the former Hyksos capital in the Eastern Delta. There Osarseph became their leader and ordered them to give up the worship of the gods and eat the meat of the holy animals. The Osarsephites then invited the Hyksos back into Egypt, and together with their new allies drove Amenophis and his son Ramses into exile in Nubia and instituted a 13-year reign of religious oppression: towns and temples were devastated, the images of the gods destroyed, the sanctuaries turned into kitchens and the sacred animals roasted over fires, until eventually Amenophis and Rameses returned to expel the lepers and the Hyksos and restore the old Egyptian religion. Towards the end of the story Manetho reports that Osarseph took the name "Moses".

Interpretations
Three interpretations have been proposed for the story: the first, as a memory of the Amarna period; the second, as a memory of the Hyksos; and the third, as anti-Jewish propaganda. Each explanation has evidence to support it: the name of the pharaoh, Amenophis, and the religious character of the conflict fit the Amarna reform of Egyptian religion; the name of Avaris and possibly the name Osarseph fit the Hyksos period, and the overall plot is an apparent inversion of the Jewish story of the Exodus casting the Jews in a bad light. No one theory, however, can explain all the elements. An influential proposition by Egyptologist Jan Assmann suggests that the story has no single origin but rather combines numerous historical experiences, notably the Amarna and Hyksos periods, into a folk memory.

An alternative theory identifies Osarseph with the historical figure of Chancellor Bay, a prominent Syrian officer who rose to power during the reign of Pharaoh Seti II and later attempted to usurp the throne, only to be arrested and executed by order of Pharaoh Siptah. However, such identification is usually rejected by scholars.

Israel Knohl recently proposed to identify Osarseph with Irsu, a Shasu who, according to Papyrus Harris I and the Elephantine Stele, took power in Egypt with the support of "Asiatics" (people from the Levant) after the death of Queen Twosret; after coming to power, Irsu and his supporters disrupted Egyptian rituals, "treating the gods like the people" and halting offerings to the Egyptian deities. They were eventually defeated and expelled by the new Pharaoh Setnakhte and, while fleeing, they abandoned large quantities of gold and silver they had stolen from the temples.

It is possible that the Osarseph story, or at least the point at which Osarseph changes his name to Moses, is an alteration to Manetho's original history made in the 1st century BC when anti-Jewish sentiment was running high in Egypt, since without this Manetho's history has no mention of the Jews at all. If the story is an original part of Manetho's history of Egypt, the question arises of where he could have heard it, as the Greek Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Torah (i.e., the Exodus narrative) had not been made when he was writing. It is possible that he had an oral (Jewish) informant, or possibly an otherwise unknown pre-Septuagint translation. In accordance with this, Manetho, indeed, stated that Amenophis was the son of Ramses and the father of Ramses, whose original name was Sethos(Seti).

title: Osarseph


text: User talk:83.156.34.149

title: User talk:83.156.34.149


text:
Andries Brink

Lieutenant General Andries Jacob Brink, (21 July 1877 – 17 October 1947) was a South African military commander. An Afrikaner veteran of the Anglo-Boer War, he joined the Union Defence Forces (UDF) as a staff officer in 1912 and served in the First World War. He was Chief of the General Staff from 1920 to 1933, initially in command only of Defence HQ but, from 1922, of the whole UDF. He was also Secretary for Defence, head of the civil service Department of Defence, from 1922 to 1937. From 1937 to 1946, he was Commandant-in-Chief of the Burger Commandos, a home defence organisation.

Awards and decorations
On 1 January 1944 (1944 New Year Honours), Lieutenant General Brink was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire. The notice in the London Gazette reads as follows: The KING has been graciously pleased, on the advice of His Majesty's Ministers for the Union of South Africa, to give orders for the following appointments to the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire:

To be Additional Commanders of the Military Division of the said Most Excellent Order:

Lieutenant-General Andries Jacob Brink, D.T.D., D.S.O., South African Staff Corps (V)

Brink was also awarded the Dekoratie voor Trouwe Dienst and Distinguished Service Order.

title: Andries Brink


text:
Wikipedia talk:Requests for comment/Gazwim

User:Gaswim (contributions) seems to be another incarnation of User:Gazwim. —Teklund 14:02, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)


text:
Battle of Stalling Down

The Battle of Stalling Down, also known as the Battle of Bryn Owain, is reputed to have taken place between late autumn or early winter of 1403 or 1405 between a Welsh army under Owain Glyndŵr and an English army under King Henry IV of England. It was part of the Welsh Revolt of 1400–1415.

Location
Stalling Down is a rolling area of open land a few miles east of the town of Cowbridge, now the village common of St Hilary in the Vale of Glamorgan. The exact site of the battle and the precise details of the action are not known. The general site is known locally as Bryn Owain, meaning Owain's Hill.

The site was known as Stallington, evolving to Stalling Down. A Roman road runs over the hill as it traverses the area and would have been a convenient route for moving a very large army along for the English.

The Opposing Forces
The Welsh army included a small French contingent assimilated into forces from Morgannwg led by Rhys Gethin ('swarthy Rhys') and Cadwgan, Lord of Glyn Rhondda commanded another contingent from the Rhondda Valleys region. Cadwgan had a home at Aberochwy, near what is today Treorchy. He fought using a battleaxe as his weapon of choice and was later known as Cadwgan of the Bloody Axe. Owain Glyndŵr is also reported to have been present in the battle in person.

Outcome
The battle is said to have lasted 18 hours and resulted in an appalling defeat for the King's army. The blood was fetlock deep on the horses that survived the battle.

The English army retreated through Cardiff pursued by the Welsh in terrible conditions, which included a thunderstorm and flooding.

Examination of Evidence
In nearby Llanblethian church in 1896 explorations prior to Victorian church improvements revealed an oak plank in the floor, which when prised up, revealed a stone stairway descending to a crypt. Inside the crypt were piled three hundred male skeletons, without coffins, and the only known battle to have taken place in this area is Stalling Down. The crypt measured some seventeen feet by fifteen and stood seven feet high at its highest point, the apex of the arched and vaulted roof. Small wall openings to the exterior had been covered up on the outside by earth, effectively sealing the crypt to the outside world. The bones were immediately buried in the churchyard. The clerk's pew contains an inscription that this church was the burial place of the Sweeting family 'before the war with Owen Glyndŵr'. The church is some three miles from the battle ground.

More recently, historians have begun to question the veracity of the report of a battle at Stalling Down; for example, a modern authority on Glyndŵr, the late R. R. Davies, made no mention of it in his account of the revolt, published in 1995. The problem lies in the fact that the earliest recorded reference to the battle is late, and is found in the works of the 18th-century historian Iolo Morganwg, although Morganwg's account held considerable sway, and was repeated by several later writers, including the Edwardian historian Arthur Bradley in his 1901 biography of Owain Glyndŵr. In it, he places the battle in 1405, calling it the 'battle of Bryn Owen'.

Nevertheless, in spite of this uncertainty it is not safe to conclude that the Battle of Stalling Down never occurred. The discovery of a crypt in the area containing three hundred male skeletons without coffins, combined with the fact there is much local tradition to be found in connection with it, and the context of a battle in either the summer of 1403 or 1405 accords well with our understanding of the progress of Glyndŵr's revolt, as Glyndŵr's presence at nearby Carmarthen in the summer of 1403 is well attested, and it may be that an English incursion along the roman road into nearby Glamorgan produced a confrontation of which the battle of Stalling Down, as remembered today, is a manifestation.

title: Battle of Stalling Down


text:
Talk:Infante Carlos María Isidro of Spain

[Untitled]
The present article title, "Carlos Maria Isidro", does not conform to Wikipedia naming conventions. I suggest "Infante Carlos of Spain". Noel S McFerran 14:03, Jun 12, 2005 (UTC)

 * Since nobody has expressed any opposition, I have now gone ahead and renamed the article. I have also renamed the links to this page. Noel S McFerran July 4, 2005 22:11 (UTC)

Irrelevant template
The template inserted, "Spanish Royalty/House of Bourbon", is totally irrelevant to the article — and in contradiction with it, as it provides only the rival or liberal branch, and that with mistakes. I suggest it should be removed.--Chanza 23:21, 13 November 2006 (UTC)
 * Some months ago I suggested dividing that template - and now I have done so (since there was no opposition expressed). The template now splits at Isabella II, so the charge that it "provides only the rival or liberal branch" is no longer valid.  There may, however, be other issues with the template. Noel S McFerran 04:06, 14 November 2006 (UTC)

Neutrality
There are a number of times when the article expresses claims which cannot be known unless we could read Carlos' mind:

 * "But Carlos who was heir presumptive to his brother refused to renounce his rights to the throne, which he considered to have been given to him by God."

 * "He had no personal desire for the throne, but he was adamant that he could not renounce what he considered to be his God-given rights and responsibilities."

We can certainly report that Carlos expressed these ideas, but saying "he had no personal desire for the throne" goes a bit far. --Saforrest (talk) 23:55, 1 December 2009 (UTC)

Which government ?
"When the Miguelite party was finally beaten in Portugal in 1834, Carlos escaped to England where the government offered to grant him an annual pension of 30,000 pounds if he would renounce his claims and never return to Spain or Portugal. "

Which government offered him this pension ? The British government or the Spanish Government ?Eregli bob (talk) 06:45, 19 March 2012 (UTC)

His brother
"Ferdinand VII had found it necessary to cooperate with the moderate liberals and to sign a Constitution." This is clearly in openly contradiction because Ferdinand VII was until his death an absolutist monarch, who persecuted any liberal ideas. He was only forced by Rafael Riego's rebellion to reconfirm the Constitution during the liberal triennium.

Requested move 24 April 2022

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: no consensus to move the page to the proposed title at this time, per the discussion below. Dekimasu よ! 20:40, 15 May 2022 (UTC)

Infante Carlos María Isidro of Spain → Infante Carlos, Count of Molina – The page was moved from this title without discussion. Per Wikipedia:Naming conventions (royalty and nobility), royals who held substantive titles should have them listed in their article titles. 2601:241:300:B610:0:0:0:5794 (talk) 05:19, 24 April 2022 (UTC) — Relisting. Megan B....   It’s all coming to me till the end of time  09:08, 7 May 2022 (UTC)  — Relisting. 晚安 (トークページ) 16:10, 15 May 2022 (UTC)
 * Afaik "count of Molina" wasn't his actual title, but an incognito title, which he used to not reveal his real identity.Marcelus (talk) 23:12, 28 April 2022 (UTC)

The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.


text:
Kotu

Kotu may refer to:

 * KOTU-LP, a low-power radio station (107.7 FM) licensed to Riddle, Oregon, US
 * Kotu Island, Tonga
 * Kotu, Gambia, a city in the Gambia
 * Kings of the Universe, the men's team on season 8 of The Apprentice (US)
 * Acronym for King of the Universe.

title: Kotu


text:
Leonard Beyers

Lieutenant General Leonard Beyers (22 January 1894 – 15 April 1959) was a South African soldier. Although he never saw active service in the field during the two world wars, he became Chief of the General Staff in command of the Union Defence Force in 1949. He resigned after only a short time in this position, citing the interference in military matters by Minister of Defence Frans Erasmus as the reason for his resignation.

Early life
Leonard Beyers was born in Kimberley, Cape Colony on 22 January 1894 to Pieter Gerhard Beyers and his wife, Anna Maria Elizabeth Bredell.

Military career
After his schooling, Beyers followed a career in the army. In 1913 he was attached to the Royal Scots Fusiliers, with whom he trained while they were at Roberts Heights. After his initial training he was commissioned in the Witwatersrand Rifles.

In 1914, after four months service at the Military School in Bloemfontein, Beyers was appointed to the Permanent Force with the rank of lieutenant. He served as adjutant of units in Bloemfontein, Standerton and Cape Town. In 1915, at the latter posting, he was promoted to the rank of captain. He was stationed in Cape Town for the greater part of the First World War. In 1917, he was transferred to Johannesburg and in 1918 he became deputy assistant adjutant-general at Defence Headquarters, Pretoria.

While Beyers was a staff officer to the Cape Peninsula Garrison in 1922, he saw active service on the only occasion in his entire life. He served as a member of the force which suppressed the Bondelswarts Rebellion.

Beyers acted as aide-de-camp to the Governor-General, the Earl of Athlone in 1924–25. He then attended staff courses in England.

On his return to South Africa in 1927, Beyers was appointed officer instructor at the Military College at Roberts Heights. In the next four years he acted on occasion as commandant of the college and of Roberts Heights. This gave him the opportunity to develop his abilities as a military leader.

In 1928, Beyers was promoted to the rank of major and as a result of his increased responsibilities he was promoted to lieutenant colonel in 1930. In 1931, he was appointed commanding officer of No. 5 Military District Pretoria.

In 1932, Beyers was appointed director (military) of Prison Services. As a result of this move he was placed on the reserve of officers. According to the 2005 Jali Commission, the military nature of the pre-1994 South African Prisons Service was put in place with the appointment of Beyers as Director of Prisons. The structure, mode of dress and the institutional culture was military in every respect, indicated by a rank structure similar to that used in the army and the requirement that non-commissioned members salute commissioned members. The demilitarisation of the correctional system was finally effected by the post-Apartheid government on 1 April 1996.

In 1937, Beyers returned to the Permanent Force as assistant commandant-in-chief, Burger Commandos. Later that year he was promoted to the rank of brigadier general. On the outbreak of the Second World War, he relinquished his post in favour of becoming director-general of the Defence Rifle Association, a post he held for almost a year before becoming Adjutant-general. He visited South African troops in the Middle East and acted as Chief of the General Staff when General Sir Pierre van Ryneveld was in North Africa.

Beyers gave up his post as Adjutant-general in 1945 owing to ill health and was placed on the retired list four months later. His retirement was short lived, however, for in 1949 he was appointed acting Chief of the General Staff with the rank of lieutenant general. On 2 May 1949, he succeeded Van Ryneveld as Chief of the General Staff. He remained in this position for only a short time, resigning on 15 March 1950. The reason for his resignation was the interference in military matters and appointment of staff without consultation by Frans Erasmus, the Minister of Defence. Before resigning, Beyers had lengthy correspondence with both Erasmus and the Prime Minister, D. F. Malan, on the matter: "My resignation was in fact tendered as far back as November 1949, in protest against the unconstitutional and unwarranted interference in the functions of the Chief of General Staff who, in fact and in law, is the Commander-in-Chief of the Forces in South Africa. The facts are that the Minister sought to change the strategic dispositions of units and to appoint, promote, and transfer both officers and other ranks, without sufficient knowledge of their qualifications and without reference to the General Staff, of which I was the head. Without reference to me, he created posts for the absorption of persons in whom, irrespective of their unsuitability or otherwise, he personally reposed political confidence. Political ambitions ... should not be allowed to intrude into the responsibility of command and functions of military organizations."

Beyers was once again placed on the retired list in 1954.

The fact that at times he acted as Chief of the General Staff during the Second World War indicates that Van Ryneveld had immense trust in Beyers' abilities. However, Van Ryneveld was such a dominating personality that any meaningful delegation of his authority was never even discussed.

Medals
During his career, Beyers was awarded the British War Medal for his services during the First World War, and the War Medal 1939-45 and Africa Service Medal for the Second World War. Probably because he never saw active service in the field during the two world wars he would not wear ribbons on his uniform.

Family life
Beyers married Evelyn Alice Jess Hunter and had a son and a daughter. He died in East London, Eastern Cape Province on 15 April 1959.

title: Leonard Beyers


text:
Talk:Ranthambore National Park

Untitled
I've created a brief guide which people can expand. I'm particulalry happy with the external links I've added. Much better than the rubbish that litters the Internet and always seems to get high placing on search engines.

I haven't dared to say anything about tiger numbers. If you think you know how many tigers there are in Ranthambore please add a section and fully cite your sources. Also anything on poaching and human encroachment.

Feel free to leave any comments here. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 81.156.66.197 (talk • contribs) 13 June 2005

I'm going to add a lot to this
When I have the time I'll work on this. There are tigers living in Ranthambhore. I'm not sure exactly how many, but in the 1990's, there were about 30-45.Thylacine lover 03:47, 30 May 2007 (UTC)

I added some but I'm not done yet. I did get some information about Ranthambore tigers.Thylacine lover 03:47, 30 May 2007 (UTC) I have been there twice and took four tours; two in the morning and two in the afternoon. Sighted no tigers.But any VIP or anyone who goes there with a message conveyed to the forest/district authorities always sights tigers. If they are not able to sight tiger in the normal tours, they are taken to not-open-to-public-places where tigers are present by the forest officials who have the ways/means to locate their presence on a real time basis. Thus, this place also suffers from the typical VIP syndrome where real and genuine tourists who bring so much of income are short-changed. They are charged exorbitant amounts for the jeeps by monopolistic forest department. So tourists, beware! If you want to sight tigers, find a contact in the right government quarters and you will not be disappointed even if that requires violating rules to take you even to the prohibited areas. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Mrrajksingh (talk • contribs) 04:13, 25 October 2009 (UTC)

WP:INDIA Banner/Rajasthan workgroup Addition
I believe there are now 23 tigers at Ranthambore National Park. I was there on January 7,8th. The park is also poorly managed as you have to book at least several months in advance with Rajasthan Wildlife authorities, and you are upon arrival assigned a zone to which you are restricted to during your entry to the park. The Park I believe has been divided into 6 zones, so if a tiger is spotted in zone 4 and you are in zone 3 you cannot cross over into zone 4.Jayachans (talk) 06:48, 30 January 2011 (UTC) Note: WP India Project Banner with Rajasthan workgroup parameters was added to this article talk page because the article falls under Category:Rajasthan or its subcategories. Should you feel this addition is inappropriate, please undo my changes and update/remove the relavent categories to the article --  TinuCherian  (Wanna Talk?) - 09:12, 23 June 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just modified one external link on Ranthambore National Park. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20160826050803/http://www.iifm.ac.in/sites/default/files/Newspdf/IIFM-NTCA-REPORT.compressed-min.pdf to http://www.iifm.ac.in/sites/default/files/Newspdf/IIFM-NTCA-REPORT.compressed-min.pdf

When you have finished reviewing my changes, you may follow the instructions on the template below to fix any issues with the URLs.

Cheers.— InternetArchiveBot  (Report bug) 14:39, 2 January 2018 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ranthambore National Park


text:
Christiaan du Toit

Lieutenant General Christiaan Ludolph de Wet du Toit, (23 September 1901  – 14 August 1982) was a South African military commander.

Military career
Du Toit joined the South African Army as an artilleryman in 1924. He completed the British Army Specialist Staff Course in 1936.

During the Second World War, he commanded Divisional artillery in East Africa and North Africa, before commanding the 2nd South African Infantry Brigade in 1942 and the 1st South African Armoured Brigade from 1943 to 1945. For his service, Du Toit was awarded the Distinguished Service Order and Mentioned in Despatches.

Du Toit served as Director-General of Land Forces, the head of the South African Army, from 1948 to 1950, and as Chief of the General Staff of the Union Defence Force, from 1950 to 1956.

title: Christiaan du Toit


text:
Hendrik Klopper

General Hendrik Balzazar Klopper (also Balthazar), was a South African military commander. He commanded the 3rd Infantry Brigade and was later promoted to command the 2nd Infantry Division during the Western Desert Campaign of the Second World War. He is best known for surrendering the Division to Rommel after the failed defence of the Tobruk harbour in June 1942. After the war, he became Army Chief of Staff from 1950 to 1953, and Commandant General of the Union Defence Force from 1956 until his retirement in 1958.

Military career
Klopper joined the South African Army in 1924.

World War II
During the Second World War, he commanded the 3rd Infantry Brigade in the North African Campaign, for which he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order. He then briefly commanded 2nd Infantry Division. As fortress commander, Klopper was forced to surrender Tobruk and its garrison to Axis forces on 21 June 1942. He escaped from captivity in 1943 and was exonerated by a 1942 Court of Inquiry into the Tobruk disaster.

South African Army College
Klopper was Officer Commanding the South African Army College from 1944 to 1945, before being appointed in command of Northern Command in 1945.

Post-war
Klopper served as Army Chief of Staff from 1951 to 1953, as Inspector-General from 1953 to 1956, and as Commandant General of the Union Defence Force from 1956 to 1958.

title: Hendrik Klopper


text:
The Departure

The Departure was an English rock band from Northampton, formed in October 2003. Their debut album, Dirty Words, was released 13 June 2005 by Parlophone. A second album, Inventions, was expected to be released in early 2008, but was not (due to issues with the band's record label, Parlophone). The band split up on 30 January 2008.

History
The group formed in January 2004 after starting in Northampton as a collaboration between a former Christian commune member David Jones (vocals/guitar) and his friend Sam Harvey. After recruiting old school associate Ben Winton (bass) and Lee Irons (guitar), the lineup was completed with the addition of Andy Hobson (drums) via a musician's ad website. Jones described the concept of the band to music webzine Drowned in Sound: "We all got quite excited about the whole ethos of what we’re trying to do, which is to take 1980s reference points and transcend them into modern day, edgy, instant kind of sounds."

They were signed to Parlophone after playing only three gigs and being together for just four months, a fact that attracted a considerable level of derision and scepticism. Touring slots with The Killers, Feeder, Duran Duran, Placebo, supporting them at Wembley Arena, The Tears and a reformed Gang Of Four soon followed as the band sought to build a support base ahead of their first wing of releases. Debut single "All Mapped Out" was released on 2 August 2004 and debuted at number 30 on the UK singles chart. The track was included on the soundtrack to Driver: Parallel Lines. Follow-up single "Be My Enemy" emerged on 18 October 2004 and was included on the soundtrack to FIFA 06.

They released a debut album Dirty Words, produced by Steve Osborne (who also worked with New Order, Suede and Happy Mondays), a year after signing to Parlophone at Realworld Studios in Bath. The album was trailed the week before its release by the reissue of the "All Mapped Out" single. Disappointingly it was lower in the charts than the original. The album drew a middling response from critics, who varied between praising the album for its bleak, futuristic atmosphere and slating it for its perceived superficiality and over-reliance on the music of the 1980s for inspiration.

A UK tour and festival appearances followed soon after. In early 2006, Lee Irons had left the band citing artistic differences. Andy Hobson left later that year and was replaced by the original drummer, Simon Alexander. The four-piece began work on the follow-up to Dirty Words in Grouse Lodge Studios, Ireland which was expected to release in 2007. On 30 January 2008 the band announced that they had split up after being dropped by Parlophone.

In 2010, David Jones formed a new band called NewIslands who released a single called "Out of Time" (an album was announced but not released), while later in the decade he formed a duo called Born Stranger, which had become a solo project by 2018. In 2020, he released a solo single called "Headspace" under the name Maddox Jones.

Albums

 * Dirty Words UK #91
 * Inventions (Unreleased)

EPs

 * Lump In My Throat which included; Lump In My throat, Under The Stairs, The City Blurs In Your Eyes, Lump In My Throat (James Ford remix) and Be My Enemy live at Lamcq.
 * All Mapped Out which included; All Mapped Out, Blackout and All Mapped Out (¥£$ remix).
 * Arms Around Me which featured different versions of their song Arms Around Me.

title: The Departure


text:
User:GreenYoda

Try not. Do, or do not. There is no try.

title: User:GreenYoda