text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jjable

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 20:05, Jun 16, 2005 (UTC)

It must be retained!!! All Hong Kong People know the meaning of "Jer Jer". If you don't believe, you can come to HK and shout "Jer Jer" loudly in the city. Then you will see what happen!

"JJ" is the short form of "Jer Jer", just like United Kingdom(UK)

Jjable
DO NOT DELETE IT!!!! This term is well known in Hong Kong, There is 700, 000 people using the Internet service in Hong Kong. According to a survey in 1998. 78% of them know what is "JJ-able". In addition, HKGOLDEN FORUM has over 50000 members. Won't you give a chance to this slang word?
 * Wiktionary material at best, but probably just a single user's vanity page of sorts — Google finds just 39 hits, half of them unrelated garbage (and the rest in Chinese). Jpatokal 15:31, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Forum slang is generally unencyclopedic, and this is a prime example. --Scimitar 16:45, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I don't agree with you. This word is being very popular in hk internet.In Hkgolden Forum,everyone knows "JJ" means. 219.78.108.121 15:38, 2005 Jun 3 (according to edit history. Uncle G 02:56, 2005 Jun 4 (UTC))
 * Yes, It's one of the Hong Kong Culture. 60.240.187.234 15:47, 2005 Jun 3
 * If 'pwn' can be a wiki entry, so can jjable. keep. 216.158.31.195 16:46, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * why is this justified by number of occurances in google ? Can you give a figure for how much appears in google before ok to be put in wiki? 50? 100? 200? 1000? And "the rest in chinese", did u try to understand what those chinese pages means before making your statement ? Keep too.. by GILL2O+ 219.78.76.58 16:57, 2005 Jun 3 (according to edit history. Uncle G 02:56, 2005 Jun 4 (UTC))
 * Wikipedia, the encyclopaedia, doesn't have a Google bar for words, because Wikipedia is not a dictionary. Wiktionary, the dictionary, has criteria for inclusion that have to be met, which this purported word does not meet based upon what Google returns.  Proper quotations, demonstrating the word in actual independent use, preferably in printed sources, are the royal road to satisfying those criteria. Uncle G 03:18, 2005 Jun 4 (UTC)
 * & It'd be nice if the other helpful posters would sign their comments. But good point, Gill. If Singlish can be in wikipedia, this should be, too. 216.158.31.195 17:27, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Singlish isn't in Wikipedia. Wikipedia has an encyclopaedia article about Singlish.  Wikipedia is not a dictionary. Uncle G 03:18, 2005 Jun 4 (UTC)
 * Transwiki to Wiktionary, at best. --Tabor 18:28, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Neologism.  Gets 14 unique Google hits.  For comparison, "pwn" gets well over a million. --Carnildo 21:27, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Neologism. A и D я 01D  TALK  EMAIL  02:59, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * No evidence that this is a word, so no transwiki. No person/concept/place/thing/event — nothing whatever — for an encyclopaedia article by this title. Delete. Uncle G 03:18, 2005 Jun 4 (UTC)
 * Sock puppet limit has been reached. Delete. RickK 04:26, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete neologism. JamesBurns 04:58, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete This "word" is just one of the many shibboleths used in the chat-forum HKGolden, and has no validity anywhere else -- yes, I am from Hong Kong and read Chinese. There is no point transfering it to Wiktionary unless there is evidence that this "word" catches on.Roderick
 * Note: Above is actually 221.126.96.55 (talk · contributions)
 * I think it is a kind of subculture, so why don't we include this in Wikipedia? It is not the matter of 'how many Google hits it gets'. So keep it.Fatoil2000 — (Fatoil2000's 9th edit.)
 * Please add comments to the bottom of the discussion. A и D я 01D  TALK  EMAIL  18:50, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * If there is a subculture here, its name is not "jjable" and this article doesn't contain anything whatever about it. Uncle G 15:38, 2005 Jun 5 (UTC)
 * Delete Please don't try to mislead others. It's not popuplar in Hong Kong. Only used by people in "ONE" forum. (I'm one of the active users of that forum)
 * Per this, change vote to Delete. 216.158.31.195 18:12, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete drini ☎ 18:13, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Transwiki to Wiktionary Celestianpower 18:17, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Strongly agree to delete an UNPOPULAR word in a worldwide Web... — Preceding unsigned comment added by 168.168.67.111 (talk • contribs) 02:03, 2005 Jun 8
 * Delete This article shames Hong Kong People!!! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 168.168.67.111 (talk • contribs) 08:34, 2005 Jun 8
 * Delete The word is not popuplar in Hong Kong Internet community. Nobody use the word but the forum's users. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Matchstick.jazz (talk • contribs) 14:15, 2005 Jun 9
 * Delete. It's not common in Hong Kong. I wonder why this word is shown in Wikipedia. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 210.237.140.253 (talk • contribs) 14:22, 2005 Jun 9
 * Delete. The article does not clearly stating the fact in Hong Kong about the usage of slang. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 168.168.67.111 (talk • contribs) 08:22, 2005 Jun 10
 * Keep. Shounldn't an Encyclopedia keep as more items as possible? I think its quite popular in hk. Of course, it may not be well-known by girls. Anyway, this word is funny when the time you can get the meaning. It's a pity to detele this. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 218.103.173.253 (talk • contribs) 07:04, 2005 Jun 12
 * Comment Although I'm neutral to this matter, it's no good giving false (or fake) statistics. The term appears in this one or two years. I didn't see any research about popularity of this word.
 * Delete - neologism. --FCYTravis 07:12, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment - anon user is removing delete votes. --FCYTravis 07:13, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I've restored a few that you've missed. The anonymous user has also deleted other unsigned delete votes from other anonymous users.  I've restored as many of them as I can find, too. Uncle G 22:08, 2005 Jun 13 (UTC)
 * Delete it!This word is useless outside HongKong — Preceding unsigned comment added by 221.127.73.176 (talk • contribs) 10:19, 2005 Jun 9
 * Delete! Such so-called "slang" is only used by minority in a forum (less than 100 people from observation). It is not a well-known word to be considered as a slang. - Drazla 11:00, 9 Jun 2005 (GMT +8) Actually User:210.245.204.11 03:22, 2005 Jun 9
 * Delete! It's a newly invented slang only used in a hong kong based forum, and google results show how it's extremely rarely used in hong kong. Wiki has already put its resource to explain this term here(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_slang), no extra resource should be spent.--Zen, Hong Kong — Preceding unsigned comment added by 218.103.202.146 (talk • contribs) 21:24, 2005 Jun 7

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jjable


text: User talk:68.254.180.163

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:68.254.180.163


text: User talk:83.70.240.150

title: User talk:83.70.240.150


text:
Talk:Blair Academy

comments
No, thats not true. The Blair-Peddie one is the oldest.

This article needs cleanup from the last time I worked on it. Copying school admissions literature and tracts from local history books is plagiarism, and needs to be weeded out. —ExplorerCDT 15:30, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * And it's untrue. The Newark Academy-Pingry football rivalry is New Jersey's oldest, dating to the 1870s. Daniel Case 4 July 2005 05:23 (UTC)

notable alumni
I have shifted certain names from the list of notable alumni, ones that don't have WP articles. Please create articles or stubs for the below individuals before putting them back. Thanks

 * Thomas S. Evans - Writer and essayist
 * Dr. J. George Franklin - NASA Astrophysicist
 * George P. Jenkins - Retired Chairman - Metropolitan Life
 * Stathes J. Kulukundis - Greek Shipping Magnate
 * Gerald S. O'Loughlin - Actor
 * Stan Rubin - Band Leader
 * Herbert J. Siegel - Media magnate and Chris-Craft Chairman & CEO
 * John R. Guthrie - General
 * Alex Maciag - Wrestler and previously listed as Adult Film Star —Preceding unsigned comment added by Chauqg (talk • contribs) 04:22, 13 February 2008 (UTC)

xC | ☎  05:50, 18 May 2007 (UTC)

National prep wrestling championships
The article claims Blair Academy won 26 straight, but St. Edward High School (Lakewood, Ohio) claims they won some during those years so I added a citation needed tag. It could be due to something like different prep and national titles, but I couldn't find anything when I searched for it. Either way it needs a citation and an explanation. - Taxman Talk 14:46, 16 May 2008 (UTC)

Assessment comments
''These have been moved here from a subpage as part of a cleanup process. See Discontinuation of comments subpages.''

I have assessed this article as C-class and identified the following areas for improvement:  shirulashem     (talk)   01:42, 1 January 2009 (UTC)
 * The article needs references

External links modified
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I have just added archive links to 4 one external links on Blair Academy. Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20070822010443/http://www.blair.edu:80/News_Events/2006_2007/news_ev_amerman_final.shtm to http://www.blair.edu/News_Events/2006_2007/news_ev_amerman_final.shtm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20120323184837/http://www1.blair.edu/Downloads/bulletin/Bulletin_Spring05.pdf to http://www1.blair.edu/Downloads/bulletin/Bulletin_Spring05.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20080720093706/http://www.blair.edu/News_Events/2007_2008/news_ev_Taki.shtm to http://www.blair.edu/News_Events/2007_2008/news_ev_Taki.shtm

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External links modified
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External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080905124451/http://www.njais.org/listing.html to http://www.njais.org/listing.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20070822010443/http://www.blair.edu/News_Events/2006_2007/news_ev_amerman_final.shtm to http://www.blair.edu/News_Events/2006_2007/news_ev_amerman_final.shtm
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120323184837/http://www1.blair.edu/Downloads/bulletin/Bulletin_Spring05.pdf to http://www1.blair.edu/Downloads/bulletin/Bulletin_Spring05.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20080720093706/http://www.blair.edu/News_Events/2007_2008/news_ev_Taki.shtm to http://www.blair.edu/News_Events/2007_2008/news_ev_Taki.shtm

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CIO editing
Hi and welcome to Wikipedia. One of the first things you're going to need to do is read the guidelines at WP:COI because we have rather strict expectations of editors who want to make changes to their own organization's article. As that guideline will tell you, going forward you should declare your conflict of interest on this talk page and generally make requests for changes here, rather than performing them yourself in the article. This first change is probably fine as it's a strictly factual, numeric change, however you absolutely must add a citation to a reliable, secondary source for those numbers. Stating in your edit summary that some administrators gave you the numbers will not do. Please add a source for those soon, or they're likely to be reverted. If you have any questions, feel free to ask here and we'll be happy to help. -- Fyrael (talk) 15:04, 13 September 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Blair Academy


text:
User:Pablo-flores/IPA character templates

The following is a series of templates intended to facilitate the use of IPA characters in phonemic/phonetic transcriptions. Each template has the prefix IPA: and then a very short name, all in lowercase, without spaces, and using hyphens where necessary. For example, gives "ɔ", the lax back open-mid vowel (Unicode LATIN SMALL LETTER OPEN O). The idea is not to encode all IPA characters, only the most commonly used (at least, in the languages I know!).


text: User talk:80.141.178.108

title: User talk:80.141.178.108


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bungwa

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 20:05, Jun 16, 2005 (UTC)

Bungwa
Neologism. User:Luigi30 (Ταλκ) 15:31, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete -- Dominus 16:07, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bungwa


text: User talk:204.171.48.3

title: User talk:204.171.48.3


text:
User:RastNim

I am a new member, who although has only joined as of the 2nd June 2005, has been visiting for many years. The information on here is brilliant and I find the idea of Wikipedia a wonderful thing and want to contribute as much as I can.

title: User:RastNim


text:
User:Gonzo6

 * Hi, your article about the The Ideal solution to the Rubiks's Cube is very interesting and undoubtedly encyclopaedic in content, but could you possibly rewrite it slightly to conform to Wikipedia article quality? See Tutorial for more info. Thanks, and welcome to wikipedia! Jdcooper 15:32, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Gonzo6


text:
Nukernel

NuKernel is a microkernel that was developed at Apple Computer during the early 1990s. It was the basis for the Copland operating system. It was written from scratch and designed using concepts from the Mach 3.0 microkernel, with extensive additions for soft real-time scheduling to improve multimedia performance. Only one NuKernel version was released, with a Copland alpha release. Development ended in 1996 with the cancellation of Copland.

The External Reference Specification (ERS) for NuKernel is contained in its entirety in its patent.

The one-time technical lead for NuKernel, Jeff Robbin, was one of the leaders of iTunes and the iPod.

Apple's NuKernel is not the microkernel in BeOS, nukernel.

title: Nukernel


text:
Yamaha RM1x

The Yamaha RM1x is a groovebox manufactured by Yamaha from 1999 to 2002. It integrates several, commonly separate, pieces of music composition and performance hardware into a single unit: a step-programmable drum machine, a synthesizer, a music sequencer, and a control surface.

The front panel of the RM1x is angled slightly to facilitate tabletop use but Yamaha also produced an accessory to allow rack-mounting the unit.

The RM1x is organized into five blocks: sequencer block, tone generator block, controller block, effect block, and arpeggio block.

Sequencer block
The sequencer block has three modes of operation: pattern mode, pattern chain mode, and song mode.

All patterns, pattern chains, and songs are saved in non-volatile memory. The RM1x also has a 3.5" floppy disk drive for additional storage and archiving.

Patterns may be up to 256 measures long for looped playback, and up to 16 MIDI parts deep. Patterns may be grouped into named styles, with up to 16 patterns per style. Yamaha supplies 60 preset styles. Patterns may be programmed step-wise, like a drum machine, or recorded in real-time from MIDI input and control-surface buttons and knobs.

A sequence of patterns may be chained together in up to 999 chain slots.

The RM1x can save up to 20 songs at a time in memory, from sequenced or realtime recorded MIDI events.

Tone generator block
The RM1x has a Yamaha AWM2 tone generator block, producing sound in response to sequenced events, the controller block, and from the MIDI IN connector. Up to 32 notes can be played simultaneously from 16 timbres selected from 654 voices and 46 drum kits.

Each voice has an independent filter with cutoff, resonance, and envelope control.

Controller block
The unit's control surface consists of a backlit graphic LCD, many pushbuttons, potentiometers, and rotary encoders. The potentiometers are user-assignable and can control multiple MIDI parameters in realtime during recording or performance.

A two octave pushbutton keyboard may be played in real time or using during stepwise pattern recording. This keyboard does not generate MIDI velocity or aftertouch information but the AWM2 tone generator will respond to such information if delivered by one of the realtime knobs or an external MIDI controller.

Visual feedback comes from individual red and green LEDs, several red seven segment LEDs, and a 240×64 pixel LCD with green backlighting.

The main sequencer CPU is a Renesas (formerly Hitachi) model 7014 SuperH-2 running at 28 MHz. Latest Main ROM Operating System version 1.13 is located in socket IC2 (42 pin dual-inline package DIP).

Effect block
Three effect systems are available simultaneously in the effect block: reverb, chorus, and variations.

Reverb effects include hall, room, stage, plate, "white room", tunnel, and basement. Chorus effects include conventional, 3-phase LFO "celeste", and flanger.

Variation effects include delays, echos, cross delays, early reflections, gate reverbs, reverse gate reverbs, rotary speakers, tremolo, auto-pan, phaser, distortion, overdrive, amp simulations, auto-wah, and equalizers.

A digital low-boost with +/- 24 dB gain and selectable boost frequency is also available.

Arpeggio block
Arpeggios can be played on the built-in keyboard (not on external keyboard) in realtime, during performance or recording. Arpeggios may move up, down, or randomly with several sorting, holding, octave range, and transposition options.

Notable users
Apollo 440, The Birthday Massacre, Crystal Distortion, Demian Lair, Darude, Signal Electrique, Legowelt, Simian Sound Source, Nataraj XT and Soul Coughing are reported to be RM1x users.

title: Yamaha RM1x


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Hooting Yard

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 19:36, Jun 16, 2005 (UTC)

Hooting Yard
Non-notable. User:Luigi30 (Ταλκ) 15:33, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Should stay, as it is populer website. Albeit HUMOUR! — (Unsigned comment by Djarra; user's 49th edit.)
 * Your spelling is as poor on the VfD as it is on the entry. Delete216.158.31.195 16:45, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable. --Carnildo 21:28, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * As noteable as 'Roomies' of not more so... — (Unsigned comment by Djarra; user's 51st edit.)
 * Not an encyclopedia article, spam/promotional, not notable (the site doesn't even have an Alexa rank, and there is exactly one known site that links to it ). Delete. - Mike Rosoft 22:43, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Vanity, self-promotional, near-nonsense. A и D я 01D  TALK  EMAIL  03:04, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable. JamesBurns 04:59, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
Talk:Gold Flake

is advertising, particularly of cigarettes allowed?

 * It's banned in Australia. -- Longhair | Talk 03:20, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Advertising is not allowed in Wikipedia, of course, but this seems to be more descriptive than promotional. Wikipedia does have articles on major tobacco brands.  My complaints about this article are these: first, the section headers are larger than the sections themselves, which may indicate that the article is too finely subdivided. Also, prices for each variety are probably not necessary, and are subject to change, anyway.  Finally, I'd like to remind everyone that smoking is bad for you.--Joel7687 21:54, 16 August 2005 (UTC)

Vote
Delete Keep —Preceding unsigned comment added by 128.205.248.206 (talk) 18:14, 12 February 2008 (UTC)

Some of the Problem solved
Agreed,the article prior to this change,definetely looks like an MBA case study,but irrevelant to this wiki Page.I have managed to cleanup a little,but still need help from other contributors. G27 16:28, 27 July 2007 (UTC) very good cigg which we fine on rafi shop a grea pleaasae ginng envirment when we rushes out from the college .i love gold flake but only from rafi shop and exess of money in my pocket —Preceding unsigned comment added by 59.94.224.183 (talk) 07:37, 5 November 2009 (UTC)

Hi Everyone, I don't believe there's a "ganja" line of cigarettes under the gold flake brand. Ganja in Hindi and most Indian languages is marijuana. I believe that entry is a vandalisation. Please review. — Preceding unsigned comment added by Gkkarthic (talk • contribs) 20:03, 24 January 2014 (UTC)

A Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion
The following Wikimedia Commons file used on this page or its Wikidata item has been nominated for deletion: Participate in the deletion discussion at the. —Community Tech bot (talk) 18:52, 2 March 2020 (UTC)
 * Gold Flake Logo.jpg

title: Talk:Gold Flake


text:
Talk:Dime novel

Untitled
I seem to remember from my studies in American history that penny dreadfuls here were nasty letters sent through the mail at the payment (one penny) of the recipient. Since the recipient paid for the insult, they were especially frustrating. I'm still looking for a web reference for this. --Davidstrauss 15:34, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

I personally seriously wonder why 'penny dreadful' redirects to 'Dime novel', instead of the other way around... last time I checked the first penny dreadfuls in the UK both preceded dime novels in the US by a few decades AND the penny dreadfuls were far more popular in the UK than dime novels ever were. But the reason for that is probably the same as the reason why half the articles on the english language wiki describe only the situation as it is in the US without stating such. (my own personal opinion for why that is would be 'because unlike Canadians, Brits and non-first language anglophones, contributors from the US are much less likely to realise that there's a world outside the US and that things here are different from there') Robrecht 00:52, 12 December 2005 (UTC)

Both "Story paper" and "Dime novel" should be merged into one big article, "Penny dreadful", which would cover both subjects. Ashibaka tock 03:24, 23 May 2006 (UTC)

I don't see that it matters much which directs to which, but I do think that all three topics you mention are deserving of their own article. "Penny dreadful" has a specific meaning in the UK, but not in the US, and the reverse is true of "dime novels" here. And neither of them resemble storypapers, even though both drew on the material printed in those publications. The Storypaper entry deals almost exclusively with the British papers and from what I read there, there are certainly differences between the Uk and US versions. I'd like to see the Storypaper article enlarged for that reason, not for any nationalism. For all I know, each country in the world had its own version of storypapers, but the topic is tough to research. I also am curious about the source for the comment that penny dreadfuls were more popular than dime novels ever were. I can't dispute it as I don't have any figures, but dime novels were phenomenonly popular over the course of their entire history. I know penny dreadfuls were likewise widely bought and read. But I don't think it's a contest as to which was "more popular." And by the way, in my collection I have runs of several later English titles, such as Dick Turpin Library, New Black Bess Library, Spring Heel'd Jack, Claude Duval and Sexton Blake.Double-L tock 04:24, 1 June 2006 (UTC)

Blood and Thunders
PBS American Experience on Kit Carson says (8 'graphs above end of "Scene Four")
 * in 1849, came a new literary hero, Kit Carson: The Prince of the Gold Hunters -- a giant of a man who referred to Indians as "redskins," "critters" and "varmints," and cheerfully slaughtered them by the dozen.
 * Written by an East Coast hack who claimed it had been "founded on actual facts," the book was a smash hit. Almost overnight, it became the template for a brand new genre of adventure stories -- hair-raising, action-packed and set in the uncharted wilds of the far West. Americans called them "blood and thunders."

Seems to me i recall from the visual that accompanied these words a display of actual publications, at least one with the title "Blood and Thunder". --Jerzy•t 08:28, 26 February 2008 (UTC)

The "resurgence of the dime novel format".
I have added a dispute tag to the section that claims that there is a resurgence of the dime novel. The opening sentence, "2010 saw the resurgence of the dime novel format" is not supported by refs, runs contrary to the rest of the article, and seems like a puff piece for the e-book industry. I removed this section but it was re-added by a contributor whose only edits concern this section. Comments appreciated. Thanks.--Dmol (talk) 22:38, 14 August 2010 (UTC)
 * Although I am sympathetic to including the resurgence section, Dmol is right that, to be included, the resurgence needs to be supported by some reliable 3rd party references other than the companies puffing their product. Plazak (talk) 01:20, 15 August 2010 (UTC)
 * Perhaps the solution is to remove the links? If the contributor really thinks that the addition of the "resurgence" is important to study of the genre, then that is the important information, not the links. Although I had never heard of any "resurgence" ouside of this article, so it smacks of original research to me. Chris La Mantia (talk) 06:17, 14 September 2010 (UTC)
 * Also worthy of note is that the contributor, jnthibeault, recently posted on twithelp.me: "Starting the PR machine for Dime Novel Publishing. Got any suggestions for who to contact? We've got a list but personal intros would help! Asked by: jnthibeault Tue, 13 Apr 2010" (see http://twithelp.me/profile/jnthibeault/) Chris La Mantia (talk) 06:21, 14 September 2010 (UTC)
 * Third party validation is provided of this "resurrgence:" http://www.usatoday.com/tech/products/2010-09-30-Bookap30_ST_N.htm as well as the launch by Amazon of Amazon Singles, focused on serialized fiction --jnthibeault (talk) 7:39, 13 October 2010 (UTC)
 * In a quick scan of the USA Today link referred to above, I did not see where it even contains the phrase "dime novel". Instead, it compares the current serialized digital fiction format to the magazine-serialed novels by 19th-sectury novelists such as Dickens, which is very different from the dime novel format. Plazak (talk) 18:16, 30 October 2010 (UTC)

Size matters
Is the page size right? Because I'm pretty sure single pages aren't 4" high! Or is that supposed to be 4" wide? TREKphiler  any time you're ready, Uhura  05:28, 27 September 2010 (UTC)

Dime store novel
Dime store novel redirects here, but the article doesn't mention the phrase dime store at all. WhiteDragon (talk) 20:34, 10 January 2013 (UTC)

History section
Re last paragraph: While Alexis de Tocqueville’s prescient predictions are, indeed, fascinating, this last para to me reads likes someone’s school thesis shoe-horned into a topic where it’s not truly relevant to the actual topic (dime novels). The tone and POV also are a departure from everything in the preceding (and following) paras. It seems to me this para could be deleted without any loss of info actually germane to dime novels. Or, at best, if it’s left in, it should be greatly cut down. Anyone else agree? I’d rather not edit this without consensus. Opinions anyone? Cynthisa (talk) 20:05, 7 December 2019 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dime novel


text:
Samir Kassir

Samir Kassir (سمير قصير, 5 May 1960 – 2 June 2005) was a Lebanese-Palestinian journalist of An-Nahar and professor of history at Saint-Joseph University, who was an advocate of democracy and prominent opponent of the Syrian occupation of Lebanon. He was assassinated in 2005 as part of a series of assassinations of anti-Syria Lebanese political figures such as Rafic Hariri and George Hawi.

Early life and education
Samir Kassir was born on 5 May 1960. His father was a Lebanese-Palestinian and his mother was a Syrian. He hailed from an Antiochian Greek Orthodox family.

Kassir received his degree in political philosophy in 1984. He gained a DEA (roughly equivalent to a Master's degree in the British university system) in philosophy and political philosophy from Pantheon-Sorbonne University in the same year. He obtained his PhD in modern and contemporary history from Paris-Sorbonne University in 1990, with a thesis on the Lebanese Civil War.

Journalism
Kassir's journalistic career began when he was a seventeen-year-old secondary school student at the Lycée Français de Beyrouth with unsigned contributions to the Lebanese Communist Party newspaper Al Nidā. The same year, he began contributing to the French-language daily L'Orient-Le Jour. From 1981 to 2000, he contributed to the French international political review Le Monde Diplomatique. In 1982 and 1983 he edited the newsletter Le Liban en Lutte (Struggling Lebanon), which was dedicated to the Lebanese resistance against the Israeli occupation. From 1984 to 1985 he edited the weekly Al-Yawm as-Sābi', and from 1986 to 2004 he was a member of the editorial board of the Revue des Etudes Palestiniennes, the French-language journal of the Institute for Palestine Studies. From 1988 to 1989 he contributed to the London-based pan-Arab daily Al-Hayat.

In 1995 he founded a new monthly political and cultural review, L'Orient L'Express, which he edited until it ceased publication in 1998, from lack of interest and pressure from the advertising industry. From that year on he was a professor at the "Institut des sciences politiques de l'Université Saint-Joseph" in Beirut. It was also in 1998 that Kassir became an editorial writer for the daily Al-Nahar newspaper. He became widely known for his popular weekly column in which he wrote strong articles against the pro-Syrian government. He also made frequent appearances on several television stations as a political analyst on news programs.

Assassination and funeral
Kassir was assassinated using a car bomb in Beirut on 2 June 2005, just a few days after the general elections. The investigation into his assassination is still underway, but to date no one has been indicted. Since he had been constantly receiving threats from Lebanese and Syrian Intelligence Officers, there is widespread speculation in Lebanon that the perpetrators were the Lebanese-Syrian security apparatus or remnants of this force (as Syria has claimed that all its intelligence officers were out of Lebanon; in addition, the head of the Lebanese security forces had resigned). The Syrian government has denied these charges.

On 4 June, a funeral ceremony was performed for him in Beirut with the attendance of hundreds.

Aftermath
There was widespread condemnation for the killing and many prominent opposition figures blaming the blast on the Lebanese and Syrian governments. Among them were Hariri's son, Saad Hariri, who said "the blood-stained hands that assassinated Rafiq Hariri are the same ones that assassinated Samir Kassir." Moreover, Elias Atallah, Secretary General of the Democratic Left Movement, urged his allies to the presidential palace and remove president Lahoud. However, the calls remained unanswered. Years later, 14 March allies admitted that had Lahoud been removed, Lebanon would have been spared the later political assassinations.

Kassir was among the first victims in the growing list of political assassinations that occurred in Lebanon from 2004 to 2008. These began with the attempted assassination of Marwan Hamadeh and followed with the killing of Rafik Hariri in 2005. After Kassir, George Hawi, the former head of the Lebanese Communist Party was targeted by another car-bomb; this was followed by failed assassination attempts at former Interior Minister and former Syrian ally Elias Murr and popular LBCI TV anchorwoman and journalist May Chidiac who survived, but lost an arm and leg. On 12 December 2005, Samir Kassir's colleague, An Nahar's chief editor, and top anti-Syria legislator Gebran Tueni, was killed by a car bomb. Pierre Amine Gemayel, the former Minister of Industry, was another victim in the series of assassinations. MP Walid Eido from the Hariri-led Future movement was killed near the Military Bath of Beirut on 13 June 2007. Shortly afterwards, MP Antoine Ghanem of the Lebanese Phalanges Party (aka Kataeb Party), was killed in another car bomb on 19 September 2007 in the Sin al-Fil suburb of Beirut. Then, second-in-command of the Lebanese Armed Forces, General François al-Hajj was killed in the military-secured suburb of Baabda on 12 December 2007. One month later, security chief and top Lebanese investigator into the International Tribunal for the Hariri assassination was killed in January 2008. Many have blamed Syria for all the recent assassinations of its opponents.

Views
A prominent left-wing activist, Kassir was a strong advocate of freedom for the Palestinians, democracy in Lebanon and Syria and a vocal critic of the Syrian presence in Lebanon. He was a keen advocate of secular democracy in the Middle East.

"' ... What [Arab-American] reconciliation needs, if the United States were really willing to reach such reconciliation, is first [America's] revision of its understanding of Arab democracy, which has been restricted until now, to the American convention that mandates Arabs give up their pan-Arab ties... and the issues that steer their feelings most, on top of them the Palestinian issue ...'"

Known for his unrelenting courage, Kassir was unafraid of expressing trenchant opinions. He continuously spoke for the rights of the Palestinians. He recognised courage and determination in others and took under his wing leading young pro-democracy and human rights activists such as Wissam Tarif, with whom Kassir developed a warm and close friendship. It was his non-compromising views on the Ba'ath government that many believe led to his assassination.

He maintained a keen and sympathetic interest in Syria despite his criticism of its involvement in Lebanon, and was on close terms with many Syrian intellectuals, including those involved in the Damascus Spring. He was a founding member of the Democratic Left Movement, which won a seat in the Lebanese parliamentary elections of 2005. Kassir and the party he helped establish were both very influential in triggering the popular upheavals following Prime Minister Rafik Hariri's killing.

Works
Kassir's books, in French and Arabic, include a history of Beirut and a study of the Lebanese Civil War. He also co-authored a book about the Palestinian-Israeli conflict and Palestinian-French relations. His last book in Arabic concerned with the "Damascus Spring" and the consequences for Lebanon of Syrian political developments; Syrian dissident film-maker Omar Amiralay penned its introduction. Before his assassination, he was working on another book about the "Beirut Spring" that aimed to discuss the recent momentous developments in Lebanon, that was supposed to be published by Actes Sud. In February 2006, a book was published with the same title, by Actes Sud, but contained translations of Arabic articles written mainly after Hariri's assassination.
 * Itinéraires de Paris à Jérusalem. La France et le conflit israélo-arabe, 2 volumes, Paris, Revue des études palestiniennes, 1992 et 1993 (with Farouk Mardam-Bey).
 * La guerre du Liban; De la dissension nationale au conflit régional (1975-1982), Paris, Karthala/Cermoc, 1994.
 * Histoire de Beyrouth, Paris, Fayard, 2003. ISBN 2-213-02980-6
 * 'Askar 'ala mén? Lubnan al-jumhúriyya al-mafqúda, Beirut, Dár al-Nahár, 2004. (Soldiers against whom? Lebanon, the lost republic).
 * Dímúqrátiyyat súria wastiqlál lubnan; al-ba`th 'an rabí' dimashq, Beirut, Dár al-Nahár, 2004. (Syrian democracy and Lebanese independence: in search of the Damascus Spring).
 * Considerations sur le malheur arabe, Paris, Actes Sud, 2004. Translated and published by, Dár al-Nahár, in November 2005.
 * Liban: Un printemps inachevé, Actes Sud, 2006. Translated from Arabic by Hoda Saliby.
 * L'infelicità araba , Giulio Einaudi editore s.p.a. Torino 2006.
 * Primavere per una Siria Democratica e un Libano Independente, Mesogea by GEm s.r.l. 2006.
 * Das Arabische unglück, Schiler 2006
 * De la desgracia de ser árabe, Almuzara 2006
 * Being Arab, Verso, London 2006
 * Den arabiska olyckan, Ruin, Stockholm 2006
 * At være araber, Informations Forlag, Købehavn 2009
 * Arap Talihsizliği, İletişim Yayınları, İstanbul 2011

Personal life
Kassir was married to Giselle Khoury (1961–2023), a former talk-show host on Al-Arabiya television, at the time of his death. He had two daughters, Mayssa and Liana, from a previous marriage.

Legacy
His wife, Giselle Khoury, and a group of Kassir's friends, students and colleagues from l'Orient Express, including writer Elias Khoury, created the Samir Kassir Foundation. One of the foundation's objectives would be translating his works into English, Italian, and Norwegian. A special edition of l'Orient Express was published in November 2005 to celebrate its tenth anniversary under the title "The Unfinished Spring" and was dedicated in memory of Kassir. This project was initially Kassir's idea who was working on it before he was assassinated. A square in downtown Beirut, behind the Annahar building, was named in Kassir's honor.

The EU Delegation to Lebanon and the Kassir Foundation initiated a journalism prize in 2006, the Samir Kassir Award for Freedom of Press. Dina Abdel Mooti Darwich, an Egyptian journalist, won the first Samir Kassir Prize in 2006. The Kassir Foundation erected a bronze statue of the journalist there on 2 June 2006, exactly a year after his assassination.

title: Samir Kassir


text:
Hash join

The hash join is an example of a join algorithm and is used in the implementation of a relational database management system. All variants of hash join algorithms involve building hash tables from the tuples of one or both of the joined relations, and subsequently probing those tables so that only tuples with the same hash code need to be compared for equality in equijoins.

Hash joins are typically more efficient than nested loops joins, except when the probe side of the join is very small. They require an equijoin predicate (a predicate comparing records from one table with those from the other table using a conjunction of equality operators '=' on one or more columns).

Classic hash join
The classic hash join algorithm for an inner join of two relations proceeds as follows: The first phase is usually called the "build" phase, while the second is called the "probe" phase. Similarly, the join relation on which the hash table is built is called the "build" input, whereas the other input is called the "probe" input.
 * First, prepare a hash table using the contents of one relation, ideally whichever one is smaller after applying local predicates. This relation is called the build side of the join. The hash table entries are mappings from the value of the (composite) join attribute to the remaining attributes of that row (whichever ones are needed).
 * Once the hash table is built, scan the other relation (the probe side). For each row of the probe relation, find the relevant rows from the build relation by looking in the hash table.

This algorithm is simple, but it requires that the smaller join relation fits into memory, which is sometimes not the case. A simple approach to handling this situation proceeds as follows:

 * 1) For each tuple $$r$$ in the build input $$R$$
 * 2) Add $$r$$ to the in-memory hash table
 * 3) If the size of the hash table equals the maximum in-memory size:
 * 4) Scan the probe input $$S$$, and add matching join tuples to the output relation
 * 5) Reset the hash table, and continue scanning the build input $$R$$
 * 6) Do a final scan of the probe input $$S$$ and add the resulting join tuples to the output relation

This is essentially the same as the block nested loop join algorithm. This algorithm scans $$S$$ eventually more times than necessary.

Grace hash join
A better approach is known as the "grace hash join", after the GRACE database machine for which it was first implemented.

This algorithm avoids rescanning the entire $$S$$ relation by first partitioning both $$R$$ and $$S$$ via a hash function, and writing these partitions out to disk. The algorithm then loads pairs of partitions into memory, builds a hash table for the smaller partitioned relation, and probes the other relation for matches with the current hash table. Because the partitions were formed by hashing on the join key, it must be the case that any join output tuples must belong to the same partition.

It is possible that one or more of the partitions still does not fit into the available memory, in which case the algorithm is recursively applied: an additional orthogonal hash function is chosen to hash the large partition into sub-partitions, which are then processed as before. Since this is expensive, the algorithm tries to reduce the chance that it will occur by forming the smallest partitions possible during the initial partitioning phase.

Hybrid hash join
The hybrid hash join algorithm is a combination of the classical hash join and grace hash join. It uses minimal amount of memory for partitioning like in grace hash join and uses the remaining memory to initialize a classical hash join during partitioning phase. During the partitioning phase, the hybrid hash join uses the available memory for two purposes: Because partition 0 is never written to disk, hybrid hash join typically performs fewer I/O operations than grace hash join. When $$R$$ fits nearly fully into memory hybrid hash join has a similar behavior like the classical hash join which is more beneficial. Otherwise hybrid hash join imitates grace hash join.
 * 1) To partition both relations $$R$$ and $$S$$ and
 * 2) To hold an entire partition from $$R$$ in-memory, known as "partition 0"

Note that this algorithm is memory-sensitive, because there are two competing demands for memory (the hash table for partition 0, and the output buffers for the remaining partitions). Choosing too large a hash table for partition 0 might cause the algorithm to recurse because one of the non-zero partitions is too large to fit into memory.

Hash anti-join
Hash joins can also be evaluated for an anti-join predicate (a predicate selecting values from one table when no related values are found in the other). Depending on the sizes of the tables, different algorithms can be applied:

Hash left anti-join

 * Prepare a hash table for the NOT IN side of the join.
 * Scan the other table, selecting any rows where the join attribute hashes to an empty entry in the hash table.

This is more efficient when the NOT IN table is smaller than the FROM table.

Hash right anti-join

 * Prepare a hash table for the FROM side of the join.
 * Scan the NOT IN table, removing the corresponding records from the hash table on each hash hit.
 * Return everything that left in the hash table.

This is more efficient when the NOT IN table is larger than the FROM table.

Hash semi-join
Hash semi-join is used to return the records found in the other table. Unlike the plain join, it returns each matching record from the leading table only once, regardless of how many matches there are in the IN table.

As with the anti-join, semi-join can also be left and right:

Hash left semi-join

 * Prepare a hash table for the IN side of the join.
 * Scan the other table, returning any rows that produce a hash hit.

The records are returned right after they produced a hit. The actual records from the hash table are ignored.

This is more efficient when the IN table is smaller than the FROM table.

Hash right semi-join

 * Prepare a hash table for the FROM side of the join.
 * Scan the IN table, returning the corresponding records from the hash table and removing them.

With this algorithm, each record from the hash table (that is, FROM table) can only be returned once, since it is removed after being returned.

This is more efficient when the IN table is larger than the FROM table.

title: Hash join


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Marcos A. Cappa

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 19:36, Jun 16, 2005 (UTC)

Marcos A. Cappa
Previously tagged as speedy, claiming to be vanity. - Mailer Diablo 15:35, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

I concur. delete.216.158.31.195 16:45, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete NN. Couldn't find anything relevant on Google. (of course, my Spanish is way out of practice) --Etacar11 23:10, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable. JamesBurns 04:59, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete It looks like a vanity page to me. He's non notable, in any case. -GamblinMonkey 13:33, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text: Category:METRORail

title: Category:METRORail


text:
Rings 1 and 2

Ring 1 or Ring 2 may refer to:

 * Ring 1 (disambiguation)
 * Ring 2 (disambiguation)

title: Rings 1 and 2


text:
Andrew White

Andrew White may refer to:

 * Andrew White (Australian politician) (1859–1936)
 * Andrew White (basketball) (born 1993), American basketball player
 * Andrew White (Irish cricketer) (born 1980), Irish cricketer, played for Northamptonshire and for Ireland
 * Andrew White (Jesuit) (1579–1656), Jesuit missionary
 * Andrew White (musician) (born 1974), of the Kaiser Chiefs
 * Andrew White (presenter) (born 1974), British television presenter
 * Andrew White (priest) (born 1964), Anglican priest known as the "Vicar of Baghdad"
 * Andrew White (rugby union) (1894–1968), New Zealand rugby union player
 * Andrew White (saxophonist) (1942–2020), jazz saxophonist and multi-instrumentalist
 * Andrew Dickson White (1832–1918), American diplomat, author and educator
 * Andrew G. White, Australian scientist and educator

title: Andrew White


text:
Ring 1

Ring 1 may refer to:

Roads

 * Ring I, in Finland
 * Ring 1 (Aarhus), in Denmark
 * Ring 1 (Hamburg), in Germany

Other uses

 * RING1, a gene
 * Ring 1, the first magic club of the International Brotherhood of Magicians
 * Ring 1, a protection ring in computer security

title: Ring 1


text:
Melita, Manitoba

Melita is a town located in the south-western corner of the Canadian province of Manitoba. It is surrounded by the Municipality of Two Borders and occupies a bend of the Souris River. Graham Creek runs along the west side of town and into the Souris River. The population at the 2016 census was 1,042. It sits at the junction of Highways 3 and 83, approximately 320 km southwest of Winnipeg. Melita is known as the "Grasslands Bird Capital of Manitoba" and is located in Manitoba's banana belt.

History
Evidence of First Nations habitation in the area includes the Linear Mounds Archaeological Site and the Brockinton Archaeological Site, which have provided artifacts dating back to 800 AD. The site has been designated a National Historic Site of Canada.

Charles West was the first recorded European settler, in 1879. The early inhabitants chose the name "Melita" for the town after hearing a Bible reading (Acts 28:1) about St. Paul's shipwreck on the island of Malta (Melita is an older name for the island).

Demographics
In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Melita had a population of 1,041 living in 465 of its 548 total private dwellings, a change of NaN% from its 2016 population of 1,042. With a land area of 3.19 km2, it had a population density of in 2021.

Notable people

 * James Breakey, politician
 * John Cobb (Manitoba politician), politician
 * Jim Downey (politician), politician
 * Betty Fox, cancer research activist and mother of Terry Fox, was raised in Melita.
 * Wayne Hall, professional hockey player
 * Kory Karlander, professional hockey player
 * J. Arthur Ross, politician

title: Melita, Manitoba


text:
User talk:80.225.57.138

One of the better pieces of vandalism on the boards. Keep working at it though.....

This here's a good read on the next single:

Show me a referrence that White Shadows is the 2nd single, whether it's US or UK......

--Madchester 15:37, 2005 Jun 3 (UTC)

Nomination of White Shadows for deletion
A discussion is taking place as to whether the article White Shadows is suitable for inclusion in Wikipedia according to Wikipedia's policies and guidelines or whether it should be deleted.

The article will be discussed at Articles for deletion/White Shadows& until a consensus is reached, and anyone is welcome to contribute to the discussion. The nomination will explain the policies and guidelines which are of concern. The discussion focuses on high-quality evidence and our policies and guidelines.

Users may edit the article during the discussion, including to improve the article to address concerns raised in the discussion. However, do not remove the article-for-deletion notice from the top of the article.  danny music editor  oops 15:12, 17 May 2018 (UTC)

title: User talk:80.225.57.138


text:
Category talk:Neighborhoods in San Diego

- What constitutes a "neighborhood" of San Diego? For example, I don't think of "La Jolla" as a neighborhood of SD, but as a community of SD, comprised of multiple neighborhoods, including: bird rock, wind n' sea, the village, la jolla shores, la jolla farms, upper hermosa, lower hermosa, etc.

The "Gaslamp Quarter", on the other hand, is, arguably, a neighborhood in Downtown San Diego.

3 June 2005, Serge Issakov

How can we add more communites to the list, areas like San Carlos do not have a wiki page

6 November 2006, Chris Connell


text:
Ring 3

Ring 3 may refer to:

 * Ring III, a road in Helsinki region, Finland
 * Ring 3 (Oslo), a road Norway
 * Ring 3 (computer security)

title: Ring 3


text:
WLIF

WLIF (101.9 FM, "Today's 101.9") is a commercial radio station licensed to serve Baltimore, Maryland. The station is owned by Audacy, Inc. through licensee Audacy License, LLC and broadcasts an adult contemporary format. Its studios are located on Clarkview Road in the Mount Washington neighborhood of Baltimore, while its broadcast tower is located near Loch Raven Reservoir near Towson. at (39.41861°N, -76.5545°W).

History
The station began broadcasting February 6, 1960, as WAQE-FM, simulcasting WAQE (1570 AM). In 1967, the station's call sign was changed to WTOW-FM, and the station simulcast the programming of their then-AM sister station, who changed call letters to WTOW.

In 1970, the station's call sign was changed to WLIF. The station went silent February 18, 1970, and returned to the air on December 24, 1970, after Sudbrink Broadcasting bought the station. Cox Broadcasting would eventually take control of the station sometime in the 70s before selling the station on an unknown date. In the 1970s and into 1980s, WLIF aired a beautiful music format. The station featured SRP programming (Schulke Radio Productions, created by Jim Schulke). WLIF was one of the highest-rated stations in Baltimore during its beautiful music years.

The station played mostly instrumental renditions of popular songs. Featured artists included Percy Faith, John Fox, Chet Atkins, Richard Clayderman, Frank Mills, Henry Mancini, Ray Anthony, Floyd Cramer, and many others. The station played four vocal selections per hour and they were only smooth vocal stylings of artists like Frank Sinatra, Ray Charles, Nat King Cole, Neil Diamond, Tony Bennett, Patti Page, Dionne Warwick, Barbra Streisand, and others. Its slogan was "The Beautiful Place In Your Life" branded as FM-102. In the 1980s, WLIF began playing more soft rock hits, such as those by Linda Ronstadt, The Beatles, The Temptations, Elton John, along with the previously played artists. During morning and afternoon drives, the station was about half instrumental and half vocal, while other times the station continued to play one vocal every quarter-hour. In the late 1980s, the station shifted to roughly half vocalists and half instrumentals.

By 1990, WLIF had shifted to a soft adult contemporary format, and began to be simulcast on AM 1300 WLIF. This simulcast lasted until September 1991. The station was branded Lite 102. By 1993, WLIF began mixing in current material in its playlist.

In 2001, the station changed branding again, to 101.9 Lite FM. Today, its lineup consists of adult contemporary hits. In the late 2000s, the station carried the syndicated Delilah radio show to complement the popular local love songs programming that was hosted by Fran Lane (Lane left WLIF in December 2019); however, Delilah aired during the late-night hours, and this resulted in its eventual elimination from the station. On the weekends, WLIF featured "The Flashback Weekend" featuring former WQSR announcers Dave Alan, John Summers and Diane Lyn (Lyn left WLIF in July 2019) playing the greatest hits of the 1960s and 1970s. However, in recent years, these songs have been replaced by music from the 1980s, thus creating an "All-80s Weekend"; the eighties songs were mixed in with the sixties and seventies hits during the latter part of the "Flashback Weekend" era.

Mary Anne Perry Hoffman worked at WLIF from 1992 to 2004. Hoffman returned to WLIF a couple years later, only to leave again in December 2014. Mary Anne Perry Hoffman is currently a news reporter for Maryland News Network. Mary Anne Perry Hoffman is a traffic reporter for WBAL Radio 101.5 FM and 98 Rock radio. In addition, WLIF (along with WWIN) also played jazz music during the weekends for many years. WLIF continued to play jazz until 2004, when WSMJ became Baltimore's full-time Smooth Jazz station (that station has since changed formats, first to Alternative in 2008, then to Top-40/CHR a year later).

On December 29, 2013, at Midnight, after playing "It's Beginning to Look a Lot Like Christmas" by Johnny Mathis, WLIF rebranded as Today's 101.9, with its first song being "Hey Soul Sister" by Train. Like its AC sister stations KEZK-FM in St. Louis, WDOK in Cleveland, and KVIL in Dallas, WLIF retooled its format to more hot adult contemporary-leaning fare to attract a new generation of listeners, even though it also continues to play the standard AC songs from the 1980s to present. It was the last surviving "Lite FM"-branded station to be owned by CBS Radio, with the moniker having been dropped from KVIL in Dallas and WLTE in Minneapolis (with the latter station also undergoing a format change to country at the time).

On February 2, 2017, CBS Radio announced it would merge with Entercom. The merger was approved on November 9, 2017, and was consummated on November 17.

Christmas music
WLIF is well known for its Christmas programming. For decades, WLIF began mixing in Christmas music the week before Thanksgiving and went to wall-to-wall Christmas music about two weeks before Christmas. They would remain all Christmas music until the middle of December 26 or later, and would keep mixing in Christmas music until New Year's Day.

Beginning in 2001, every year, starting the week before Thanksgiving, the station plays nothing but Christmas music, well into December 26 or 27. There are no advertisements all day on Christmas Day. After 2007, WLIF played wall to wall Christmas music not only before Thanksgiving, but all the way until New Year's Eve. They were the last station left playing Christmas music at New Year's. Most stations in the market that feature Christmas music continue mixing it in throughout the last week of the year, unlike many places that end abruptly on December 26. In 2010, WLIF dropped Christmas music early on December 27, but continued mixing a few songs in rather than remaining wall-to-wall until January 1. In 2014, WLIF dropped Christmas Music at midnight on December 26, drawing negative feedback from many listeners. They continued this practice through 2018. In 2019, WLIF dropped Christmas music on December 29.

HD Radio
WLIF began HD Radio broadcasts in 2006. WLIF-HD2 aired a country format, branded as New Country @ 106.1. The format began on October 25, 2013, at Noon, replacing the 1980s hits "Flashback" format that has aired since WLIF began HD Radio operations. The programming was simulcast on translator W291BA (106.1 FM), which is owned by Hope Christian Church of Marlton, and is being leased to CBS to operate it. WLIF-HD3 formerly aired an oldies format, branded as The Flashback Channel, while WLIF-HD4 airs programming from "HOPE FM" as part of an agreement between CBS and Hope Christian Church where CBS will operate W291BA and another translator, W248AO (97.5 FM), which airs an alternative rock format branded as "HFS @ 97-5" (that format has since been moved to another translator owned by Hope, W285EJ (104.9 FM)).

On April 9, 2015, Radio One announced that they will assume operations of W291BA from CBS, and flipped the format to urban gospel, branded as Praise 106.1, on May 1.

Translators
The following translators are licensed to Hope Christian Church of Marlton, Inc and simulcast the programming of WLIF-HD2 and WLIF-HD4:

Signal note
WLIF is short-spaced to WAVT-FM T102 (licensed to serve Pottsville, Pennsylvania) as they both operate on the same channel and the distance between the stations' transmitters is 99 mi as determined by FCC rules. The minimum distance between two Class B stations operating on the same channel according to current FCC rules is 150 mi.

title: WLIF


text:
Hugh Selwyn Mauberley

Hugh Selwyn Mauberley (1920) is a long poem by Ezra Pound. It has been regarded as a turning point in Pound's career (by F. R. Leavis and others), and its completion was swiftly followed by his departure from England. The name "Selwyn" might have been an homage to Rhymers' Club member Selwyn Image. The name and personality of the titular subject are also reminiscent of T. S. Eliot's main character in "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock".

Structure
The poem consists of eighteen short poems which are grouped into two sections. The first is an autobiography of Ezra Pound himself, as indicated by the title of the first poem, which reads "E.P. Ode pour l'élection de son sépulchre" ("Ezra Pound: Ode for the Choice of His Sepulchre"). The second section introduces us to the struggling poet "Mauberley"'s character, career, and fate. Readers have been misled by the fact that Pound assigns to every poem a title or, alternatively, a number. Thus poem I, "E.P. Ode pour l'Election de Son Sépulchre", is followed by poems II–V, that are numbered, while poems VI–IX are again given individual titles. As a consequence, in some websites poems II–V are reprinted as if they were parts II–V of "E.P. Ode". They are in fact individual poems in a sequence of which "E.P.: Ode" is only poem I.

A brief analysis
Hugh Selwyn Mauberley addresses Pound's alleged failure as a poet. F. R. Leavis considered it "quintessential autobiography."

Speaking of himself in the third person, Pound criticises his earlier works as attempts to "wring lilies from the acorn", that is to pursue aesthetic goals and art for art's sake in a rough setting, America, which he calls "a half-savage country". "For three years, out of key with his time/He strove to resuscitate the dead art/Of poetry" resonates with Pound's efforts to write in traditional forms (e.g., Canzoni, 1911) and subsequent disillusionment. Pound in his mock-epitaph is said to be "wrong from the start", but this is quickly qualified: "No, hardly–". The rest of the poem is essentially a defense of Pound, who, like Capaneus, was fighting against the unsurmountable flood of philistinism.

In the third stanza, Pound is said to have listened to the song of Homer's Syrens (quoted in Greek: "Ἴδμεν γάρ τοι πάνθ', ὅσ 'ένι Τροίη" – "We know all the things that belong to Troy"), to have confronted dangers and ignored the warnings of the prudent. This has led inevitably to his being dismissed as an outsider and forgotten by the literary establishment, "in the 31st year of his life", i.e. c. 1916, when Pound published Lustra.

In Poems II and III, Pound turns the tables upon the philistine modern age, denouncing its materialism, consumerism, bad taste and betrayal of tradition. Poems IV and V express Pound's outrage at World War I, a murderous product of that very age that has dismissed him: "There died a myriad/And of the best, among them,/For an old bitch gone in the teeth,/For a botched civilisation".

This section can be read as a wider attack upon the attitudes of society in the post-war period, on a "botched civilisation" – denounced as an intellectual and moral 'Waste Land' only two years later by T. S. Eliot. The exclamation "Better mendacities/ Than the classics in paraphrase!" seems to be a quip at the expense of those who continue to revere the idealistic "lies" and to dismiss works that draw on valuable traditional texts, such as Pound's own Homage to Sextus Propertius.

Poems VI–XII are a brief overview of British culture as Pound found it when he arrived in London in 1908, starting with the Pre-Raphaelites and the Rhymers' Club, and closing with vignettes of three writers (Max Beerbohm, Arnold Bennett, Ford Madox Ford), a suburban wife and a literary hostess.

Poem XII formally closes with a criticism of the current tastes and concerns of society:
 * Beside this thoroughfare
 * The sale of half-hose has
 * Long since superseded the cultivation
 * Of Pierian roses. (lines 216–219)

As "Pierian roses" refers to the place in Greece where the Muses were worshiped, the charge is that society has become absorbed in commodities and lost its taste for art.

Part I terminates with "Envoi", i.e. "Farewell", a poem printed in italics in which Pound in fact "resuscitates the dead art of poetry" (as he had said in Poem I) by addressing a singer in "canorous lyric measures" (Leavis). "Envoi (1919)" ends on a positive note. Its last lines are: "Till change hath broken down / All things save Beauty alone."

The second part of the poem, "Mauberley 1920", introduces the character Hugh Selwyn Mauberley, a minor poet who perfects refined but irrelevant artworks, or "medallions". His defeat is told (by Pound) in Poem I in short minimalist lines, of the kind that Mauberley himself would write. Poem II tells us of Mauberley's love-troubles, suggesting that he observed beauty but could not act at the right moment (as a Henry James character, see for example "The Beast in the Jungle", and Eliot's "Prufrock"). Poem III is a narrative criticism of Mauberley as aesthete, and Poem IV closes his story by telling us that he retired and expired in the Pacific islands. Like Part I, Part II has a farewell poem, "Medallion", the description of a female singer, seen as a work of art rather than as a woman. This poem has usually been read by critics as "written by Mauberley", an example of his kind of frosty albeit perfect writing. Mauberley in his passiveness is distinct from Pound, who however pursued for a while similar ideals of artistic perfection, and was attracted by life in beautiful and remote natural surroundings. By moving to Italy in 1925, Pound in a way exiled himself like Mauberley, while becoming increasingly involved in the conflicts of his age. Thus in Mauberley Pound portrayed and criticised certain aspects of himself, as Eliot had done in "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock". Yet while "Prufrock" is ironic, Mauberley is largely a work of satire, reminiscence and invective, like The Cantos.

title: Hugh Selwyn Mauberley


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1987 in games

This page lists board and card games, wargames, miniatures games, and tabletop role-playing games published in 1987. For video games, see 1987 in video gaming.

Games released or invented in 1987
• Ars Magica (role-playing game)

• Auf Achse

• BattleForce

• Block Mania

• Central America

• Chainsaw Warrior

• Chaos Marauders

• Cyborg Commando

• Federation and Empire

• The Fury of Dracula

• Gammarauders

• Illuminati: Deluxe Edition

• Living Steel (role-playing game)

• Rogue Trooper

• Star Wars: The Roleplaying Game (West End Games version)

• The Succession Wars

• Talislanta (role-playing game)

• Tantrix

• Teenagers from Outer Space (role-playing game)

• Timelords (role-playing game)

• Traveller: 2300 (role-playing game)

• Warhammer 40,000

Game awards given in 1987

 * Spiel des Jahres: Auf Achse - Wolfgang Kramer, F.X. Schmid

title: 1987 in games


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1988 in games

This page lists board and card games, wargames, miniatures games, and tabletop role-playing games published in 1988. For video games, see 1988 in video gaming.

Games invented or released in 1988
• 2300 AD (role-playing game)

• Abalone

• Ad Astra (role-playing game)

• Barbarossa

• Buck Rogers - Battle for the 25th Century

• Cyberpunk 2013 (role-playing game)

• Dirty Minds

• Free Parking

• Girl Talk

• Fun House

• Kremlin

• Macho Women with Guns (role-playing game)

• Merchant of Venus

• Ninjas and Superspies (role-playing game)

• Scattergories

• Sky Galleons of Mars

• Space: 1889 (role-playing game)

Game awards given in 1988

 * Spiel des Jahres: Barbarossa

title: 1988 in games


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Edward J. Perkins

Edward Joseph Perkins (June 8, 1928 – November 7, 2020) was an American career diplomat who served as U.S. Ambassador to Liberia, South Africa, the United Nations, and Australia. He also served as the Director General of the U.S. Department of State's Diplomatic Corps.

Early life and education
Perkins was born in Sterlington, Louisiana. He grew up in Haynesville, Louisiana, on a farm belonging to his grandparents, Nathan and Sarah Stovall Noble. His grandmother regarded learning and academic success as the key to her grandson’s future, and pushed him away from succeeding his grandfather on the farm and towards higher education and study. As a result, Perkins eventually moved - first to Pine Bluff, Arkansas, and then to Portland, Oregon, and graduated there in 1947 from Jefferson High School. It was during this period that he began to consider his dream of becoming a diplomat, after attending a local international relations club meeting at which several consuls general spoke. He earned his B.A. from the University of Maryland, College Park in 1967, and his M.A. and Doctor of Public Administration from the University of Southern California. He was an active member of Kappa Alpha Psi fraternity.

Career
Enthusiastic about seeing the wider world beyond the United States, Perkins enlisted in the United States Army, serving for three years. A return to civilian life would prove temporary; he again enlisted, this time in the United States Marine Corps, and served for four years in Japan, Hawaii, and South Korea. This period saw Perkins become interested in the study of Eastern philosophy.

Foreign Service
Perkins passed the Foreign Service exam in 1971. Through a satellite campus of the University of Southern California, he would later earn his master’s degree in 1972 and a doctorate in 1978, both of which were in public administration.

Concerned with the lack of support for fellow black members of the Foreign Service, Perkins became a founding member of the Thursday Luncheon Group with John W.H. Gravely, a weekly support and advocacy group for black officers. The organization has since grown to a membership of over 300. Perkins also organized members to visit the Congressional Black Caucus and advocate for recruitment programs aimed at minorities, a move which resulted in the creation of Thomas R. Pickering Foreign Affairs Fellowship.

Ambassador appointments
Perkins was appointed ambassador to Liberia in 1985, less than a year after Samuel Doe took control of the country. He described his role as "[insuring] the safety of the numerous Americans in Liberia..." and to "help restore the country to order and rebuild the infrastructure."

Perkins was then appointed ambassador to South Africa in 1986 by President Ronald Reagan. From the beginning, this position would prove to be a challenge – the naming of the black ambassador to the post was seen as a concession by Reagan to ward off sanctions by the United States Congress. Several Black civil rights leaders approached Perkins, advising against accepting the appointment, including the Rev. Jesse Jackson. Perkins, however, decided to accept the appointment regardless, citing his oath of office to 'go where needed', and believing he "might be able to do something in South Africa." During his appointment tenure, Perkins focused on improving communication between blacks, whites, and other ethnic groups in the country, holding integrated receptions, attending church services, and visiting South African towns and villages. He overcame South African black activists’ initial hostility towards him through “carefully chosen shots” at the South African regime that demonstrated solidarity with the country’s victims of apartheid, including attendance at the Delmas Treason Trial.

Director General of the Foreign Service
Perkins left the post in 1989, to accept the position of Director General of the Foreign Service. During his tenure as the first African-American director general, Perkins instituted policies of recruitment aimed at diversifying the ranks of its officers. Perkins described the ranks of the organization at the time of his hiring as “an exclusive club: overwhelmingly white, male and Ivy-League-educated…”. Efforts at hiring people of color, women, and people from Appalachia were intensified, and it was during this time that the organization recruited its first blind officer, Avraham Rabby.

Subsequent appointments
He continued to serve in the State Department until 1992, when he was appointed United States Ambassador to the United Nations and U.S. Representative to the United Nations Security Council. In 1993, he was appointed representative to the Commonwealth of Australia, where he served until 1996 before retiring at the rank of Career Minister in the United States Foreign Service.

He taught at the University of Oklahoma where he served as Senior Vice Provost Emeritus of International Programs at the International Program Center, and Professor Emeritus of the School of International and Area Studies. He was a member of the American Academy of Diplomacy.

In 2006, Perkins’ memoir, Mr. Ambassador, Warrior for Peace, was published by the University of Oklahoma Press.

In 2007, Perkins moved to Washington, D.C. On September 3, 2009, his wife, Lucy Cheng-Mei Liu, died.

Perkins died on November 7, 2020, after a stroke.

Personal life
After he was discharged from the Marine Corps, Perkins took a civilian job with the Army and Air Forces Exchange Services in Taiwan. It was during this time that he met his future wife, Lucy Ching-mei Liu. Liu’s traditional Taiwanese family did not want her to marry a black American, necessitating an elopement between the two in Taipei in 1962. They had two children, Katherine and Sarah Perkins, and four grandchildren.

Writings

 * Mr. Ambassador, Warrior for Peace (memoirs,) published by The University of Oklahoma Press in 2006.
 * The Palestinian Refugees: Old Problems - New Solutions (Studies in peace politics in the Middle East) - co-editor with Joseph Ginat, Sussex Academic Press, 2002.
 * The Middle East Peace Process: Vision Versus Reality (Studies in peace politics in the Middle East) - co-editor with Joseph Ginat, Sussex Academic Press, 2002.
 * Palestinian Refugees: Traditional Positions and New Solutions = co-editor with Joseph Ginat, University of Oklahoma Press, 2001.
 * The seedlings of hope: U.S. policy in Africa, U.S. Department of State, 1989.

title: Edward J. Perkins


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1989 in games

This page lists board and card games, wargames, miniatures games, and tabletop role-playing games published in 1989. For video games, see 1989 in video gaming.

Games released or invented in 1989
• BattleTroops

• Cyberspace (role-playing game)

• HeroQuest

• Prince Valiant (role-playing game)

• Quicksand

• Red Storm Rising

• Shadowrun (role-playing game)

• Taboo

• Teenagers from Outer Space (2nd edition)

Game awards given in 1989

 * Spiel des Jahres: Café International

Significant games-related events in 1989

 * Coleco declares bankruptcy, and is acquired by Hasbro.

title: 1989 in games


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Talk:Jean Parisot de la Valette

Untitled
I have rendered the text into more grammatical English, but more details could be added.

title: Talk:Jean Parisot de la Valette


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John Campbell, 3rd Earl of Breadalbane and Holland

John Campbell, 3rd Earl of Breadalbane and Holland KB (10 March 1696 – 26 January 1782), styled Lord Glenorchy from 1716 until 1752, was a Scottish peer, diplomat and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1727 to 1746.

Background and education

Campbell was the son of John Campbell, 2nd Earl of Breadalbane and Holland and Henrietta Villiers, daughter of Sir Edward Villiers, Knight Marshal. He matriculated at Christ Church, Oxford in 1711.

Political career
Campbell was Envoy to Denmark from 1718, and ambassador to the Russian Empire in 1731. He was a Lord of the Admiralty in 1741 until the dissolution of Sir Robert Walpole's government the following year.

He was returned as Member of Parliament for Saltash in 1727 and 1734. He was returned as MP for Orford in 1741. He was appointed Master of the Jewel Office in 1745 and resigned his seat in the House of Commons. He succeeded his father as Earl of Breadalbane and Holland on 23 February 1752 and became a Scottish representative peer. He graduated as a Doctor of Civil Law (DCL) at the University of Oxford in 1756, and served as Justice in Eyre south of the Trent from 1756 to 1765 and Vice-Admiral of Scotland from 1776.

Family
Lord Breadalbane and Holland was married on 20 February 1717 to Lady Amabel de Grey, a daughter of Henry Grey, 1st Duke of Kent and his wife, the former Jemima Crew. Lady Amabel died on 2 March 1726 leaving 2 children:

 * Henry Campbell (c. 1721 - 12 May 1727).
 * Jemima Campbell, 2nd Marchioness Grey, 4th Baroness Lucas.

The Earl married a second time to Arbella Pershall on 23 January 1730. They also had 2 children:

 * George Campbell, Lord Glenorchy (d. 24 March 1744).
 * John Campbell, Lord Glenorchy (20 September 1738 – 14 November 1771) (who married Willielma Maxwell).


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Shouting fire in a crowded theater

"Shouting fire in a crowded theater" is a popular analogy for speech or actions whose principal purpose is to create panic, and in particular for speech or actions which may for that reason be thought to be outside the scope of free speech protections. The phrase is a paraphrasing of a dictum, or non-binding statement, from Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr.'s opinion in the United States Supreme Court case Schenck v. United States in 1919, which held that the defendant's speech in opposition to the draft during World War I was not protected free speech under the First Amendment of the United States Constitution. The case was later partially overturned by Brandenburg v. Ohio in 1969, which limited the scope of banned speech to that directed to and likely to incite imminent lawless action (e.g. an immediate riot).

The paraphrasing differs from Holmes's original wording in that it typically does not include the word falsely, while also adding the word crowded to describe the theatre.

The utterance of "fire!" in and of itself is not generally illegal within the United States: "sometimes you yell 'fire' in a crowded theater without facing punishment. The theater may actually be on fire. Or you may reasonably believe that the theater is on fire". Furthermore, within the doctrine of first amendment protected free speech within the United States, yelling "fire!" as speech is not itself the legally problematic event, but rather, "there are scenarios in which intentionally lying about a fire in a crowded theater and causing a stampede might lead to a disorderly conduct citation or similar charge."

Background
In the 19th and early 20th centuries, panics caused by false shouts of "fire" in crowded theaters and other venues were not uncommon. Most notably, the Canonsburg Opera House disaster of 1911 led to 26 deaths, and the 1913 Italian Hall disaster saw 73 people die in the crush that ensued from a false alarm in a crowded banquet hall.

The problem was widespread enough that the person falsely shouting "fire" became a stock character in popular writing, representing an example of foolish or villainous behavior.

Laws were enacted in some jurisdictions to protect the public from such panics, such as the Indianapolis municipal code of 1917, which made it illegal to "[c]ry out a false alarm of 'fire' in any church, public hall, theater, moving picture showroom, or any other building of a similar or different character, while the same is occupied by a public assemblage."

The first known use of the analogy in the context of free speech occurred in the 1918 trial of Eugene V. Debs. Debs was charged with violations of the Espionage Act of 1917 for an anti-war speech he had delivered in Canton, Ohio. In his closing argument, Debs offered as his sole legal defense that his speech was protected by the First Amendment. Federal prosecutor Edwin Wertz then argued in his closing rebuttal:

"Now, he speaks about the Constitution of the United States giving him the authority to do what he did at Canton. The Constitution provides that there shall be no abridgement of free speech, it is true; yet it is a fact that a man in a crowded auditorium, or any theatre, who yells 'fire' and there is no fire, and a panic ensues and someone is trampled to death, may be rightfully indicted and charged with murder, and may be convicted and sent to the electric chair for making such an outcry when there is no occasion for it. That is an abridgement of the right of free speech according to the defendant's idea. [...] According to his theory, a man could go into a crowded theatre, or even into this audience, and yell 'fire' when there was no fire, and people trampled to death, and he would not be punished for it because the Constitution says he has the right of free speech."

Historians infer that Oliver Wendell Holmes read Wertz's speech while preparing his opinion in Debs v. United States and adopted the analogy in the Schenck case.

Decision
Holmes, writing for a unanimous Court, ruled that it was a violation of the Espionage Act of 1917 (amended by the Sedition Act of 1918) to distribute flyers opposing the draft during World War I. Holmes argued that this abridgment of free speech was permissible because it presented a "clear and present danger" to the government's recruitment efforts for the war. Holmes wrote: "The most stringent protection of free speech would not protect a man falsely shouting fire in a theatre and causing a panic... The question in every case is whether the words used are used in such circumstances and are of such a nature as to create a clear and present danger that they will bring about the substantive evils that Congress has a right to prevent."

Legacy
The First Amendment holding in Schenck was later partially overturned by Brandenburg v. Ohio in 1969, in which the Supreme Court held that "the constitutional guarantees of free speech and free press do not permit a State to forbid or proscribe advocacy of the use of force or of law violation except where such advocacy is directed to inciting or producing imminent lawless action and is likely to incite or produce such action." The test in Brandenburg is the current Supreme Court jurisprudence on the ability of government to punish speech after it occurs. Despite Schenck being limited, the phrase "shouting fire in a crowded theater" has become synonymous with speech that, because of its danger of provoking violence, is not protected by the First Amendment.

Ultimately, whether it is legal in the United States to falsely shout "fire" in a theater depends on the circumstances in which it is done and the consequences of doing it. The act of shouting "fire" when there are no reasonable grounds for believing one exists is not in itself a crime, and nor would it be rendered a crime merely by having been carried out inside a theatre, crowded or otherwise. However, if it causes a stampede and someone is killed as a result, then the act could amount to a crime, such as involuntary manslaughter, assuming the other elements of that crime are made out. Similarly, state laws such as Colorado Revised Statute § 18-8-111 classify knowingly "false reporting of an emergency," including false alarms of fire, as a misdemeanour if the occupants of the building are caused to be evacuated or displaced, and a felony if the emergency response results in the serious bodily injury or death of another person. [https://casetext.com/statute/colorado-revised-statutes/title-18-criminal-code/article-8-offenses-governmental-operations/part-1-obstruction-of-public-justice/section-18-8-111-false-reporting-to-authorities-false-reporting-of-emergency-definition Somewhat more trivially, in some states it is a crime just to knowingly make a false report - or knowingly cause a false report to be made - of an emergency to emergency services. In the statute] just cited, for example, it is a crime to knowingly cause "a false alarm of fire" to be transmitted to "any...government agency which deals with emergencies involving danger to life or property." This crime could plausibly be made out where, for instance, in response to the false shout, an innocent bystander calls emergency services to report the fire, and this is found to have been such a foreseeable response to the shouts that the shouter is deemed to have caused the false report to be made.

Criticism

Christopher M. Finan, Executive Director of the National Coalition Against Censorship, writes that Justice Holmes began to doubt his decision due to criticism received from free-speech activists. He also met the legal scholar Zechariah Chafee and discussed his Harvard Law Review article "Freedom of Speech in War Times". According to Finan, Holmes's change of heart influenced his decision to join the minority and dissent in the Abrams v. United States case. Abrams was deported for issuing flyers saying the US should not intervene in the Russian Revolution. Holmes and Brandeis said that "a silly leaflet by an unknown man" should not be considered illegal. Chafee argued in Free Speech in the United States that a better analogy in Schenck might be a man who stands in a theatre and warns the audience that there are not enough fire exits.

In his introductory remarks to a 2006 debate in defense of free speech, writer Christopher Hitchens parodied the Holmes judgment by opening "FIRE! Fire, fire... fire. Now you've heard it", before condemning the famous analogy as "the fatuous verdict of the greatly over-praised Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes." Hitchens argued that the "Yiddish speaking socialists" protesting America's entry into World War I, who were imprisoned by the Court's decision, "were the real fire fighters, were the ones shouting fire when there really a fire, in a very crowded theatre indeed. And who is to decide?"

Writer Emma Camp has pointed out that Schenck v. United States did not actually address the question of whether or not it is illegal to "shout fire in a crowded theater", since this analogy was simply non-binding dictum used to illustrate Justice Holmes' point.

Ken White, an attorney and owner of Popehat, has stated that even though Schenck v. United States affirmed that the First Amendment is not absolute, "you can't shout fire in a crowded theater" is frequently used as a red herring when discussing whether or not a particular instance of speech falls under exceptions set by the Supreme Court. Citing the later ruling of United States v. Stevens, White also pointed out that the currently accepted limitations to the First Amendment are narrow and well-defined, and the court is unlikely to introduce new ones based on balancing the value that some speech possesses with the potential harm it does to society.

Historical instances
People have falsely shouted "Fire!" or been misheard in crowded public venues and caused panics on several occasions, such as:
 * At Mount Morris Theater, Harlem, New York City in September 1884. During the fire scene of "Storm Beaten", someone in the gallery shouted "Fire!" three times. The performance continued and a roundsman and a policeman arrested a young man.
 * In the Shiloh Baptist Church stampede, Birmingham, Alabama on September 19, 1902. Over 100 people died when someone in the choir yelled, "There's a fight!". "Fight" was misheard as "fire" in a crowded church of approximately 3000 people, causing a panic and crush.
 * In the Italian Hall disaster, Calumet, Michigan on December 24, 1913. Seventy-three men, women, and children, mostly striking mine workers and their families, were killed in a crush when someone falsely shouted "Fire!" at a crowded Christmas party.
 * In the Basilica of St. Teresa, Caracas, Venezuela on 9 Apr 1952. 50 people died after someone shouted "Fire!". 40 people were arrested in connection with the crush.
 * At Raymond Cinema 3, Mandaluyong, Metro Manila, on December 26, 1987, a 13-year-old girl died from internal haemorrhage while many moviegoers were injured due to a crush that began when a man shouted "Sunog!" (lit. 'Fire!') three times at the packed theater during an evening screening of the Metro Manila Film Festival entry Huwag Mong Buhayin ang Bangkay.

In contrast, during the Brooklyn Theatre fire of December 5, 1876, theatre staff were reluctant to cause a panic by shouting fire and instead pretended that the fire was part of the performance. This delayed the evacuation, leading to a death toll of at least 278.

title: Shouting fire in a crowded theater


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User talk:Lemmikkipuu

When you add interlanguage links between Nigger here and Neekeri in Finnish Wikipedia, you are stating that they are synonyms. However, a notable amount of people disagree, so linking them together is definitely POV. -Hapsiainen 15:41, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Lemmikkipuu


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User:Pablo-flores/monobook.css

.IPA { color: green }

title: User:Pablo-flores/monobook.css


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User:Sargant

Never mind.

Made of string.

On a dark desert highway.

title: User:Sargant


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/John Duncer

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Xezbeth 19:36, Jun 16, 2005 (UTC)

John Duncer
The onward link Books For Crooks is already VfD'd and the nomination alleges that Mr.Duncer is a ficitional person. Acordingly I have VfD'd this article, so that a verify check can be carried out by those more knowledgable than I Simon Cursitor 15:45, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. I neglected to place this on VfD last night, along with Books For Crooks. func (talk) 16:27, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Please delete. 216.158.31.195 18:20, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable. JamesBurns 05:00, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


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Super Sidekicks

Super Sidekicks is a series of soccer video games made by SNK for its console, the Neo-Geo. Released in the 90's with an arcade-style approach to soccer, the games of the franchise allow players to choose any of the available game modes to compete with AI-controlled rivals or other human players with their preferred team. Though first launched for the MVS hardware, the series were ported for Neo Geo AES and Neo Geo CD, in addition of being re-released through compilations and download services for various consoles.

Original Super Sidekicks
Published in 1992, the original Super Sidekicks (known as "Tokuten Ou", "Goal-Scoring King" in Japan) was SNK's first soccer video game and the second soccer game released for Neo Geo MVS, succeeding Soccer Brawl (1991). Its gameplay uses a simplified two-button configuration. It features 12 teams divided into two groups which compete for the "SNK Cup".

The title proved popular among players and garnered positive reception from critics; praise was directed towards the graphic presentation and fast gameplay but criticism was geared towards several aspects.

Super Sidekicks 2: The World Championship
Published in 1994 (Japanese title: "Tokuten Ou 2 - Real Fight Football"), Super Sidekicks 2: The World Championship corrected most of the flaws in the original's design, including the ability to switch players' control during the game and a smaller goal. It increased the number of teams to 48 and divided them into 6 geographical regions.

Its gameplay uses a simplified three-button configuration. The title proved popular among players and garnered critical acclaim from critics, with praise directed towards improvements made over its predecessor.

Super Sidekicks 3: The Next Glory
Published in 1995 (Japanese title: "Tokuten Ou 3 - Eikoue no Michi", "Goal-Scoring King 3: Path to the Glory"), Super Sidekicks 3: The Next Glory features 64 national teams divided into 8 regions. It proved popular among players and garnered positive reception from critics, but most reviewers noted that it felt more like an update than a true successor to Super Sidekicks 2.

Neo Geo Cup '98: The Road to the Victory
Neo Geo Cup '98: The Road to the Victory is based on the FIFA World Cup 1998, despite being released after the 1998 FIFA World Cup.

It is a re-make of Super Sidekicks 3, but the animations and designs were exactly the same. The only difference is teams and kits to reflect the World Cup and players to resemble squads from the World Cup (teams that did not qualify use line-ups from friendly games and qualifiers). It served as the final entry in the Super Sidekicks saga.

The Ultimate 11: SNK Football Championship
Published in 1996 (Japanese title: "Tokuten Ou - Honoo no Libero", "Goal-Scoring King: The Flaming Sweeper"), The Ultimate 11: SNK Football Championship received positive reception from critics but proved to be less popular than previous titles of the series. Despite the title, it is still considered the fourth game in the Super Sidekicks series. It features 80 national teams divided into 8 regions.

title: Super Sidekicks


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Lord Frederick Campbell

Lord Frederick Campbell (20 June 1729 – 8 June 1816) was a Scottish nobleman and politician. He was Lord Clerk Register of Scotland, 1768–1816; Member of Parliament (MP) for Glasgow Burghs (1761–1780) and for Argyllshire (1780–1799).

Biography
Frederick Campbell was the third son of John Campbell, 4th Duke of Argyll, and his wife, Mary, daughter of John Bellenden, 2nd Lord Bellenden. Lord Frederick was educated at Westminster School (1743-6) and Christ Church, Oxford (1747) before entering Middle Temple (1751) and being called to the Bar in 1754.

Although his father had intended him for the parliamentary seat of Ayr Burghs, he instead succeeded his brother Lord Lorne to the seat of Glasgow Burghs in 1761.

In 1765, being very intimate with Mr. Grenville, Lord Frederick was active in the arrangements for transferring the prerogatives and rights of the Duke of Atholl in the Isle of Man (then a nest of smugglers), to the Crown, and in fixing the compensation to be given; but he felt and complained that the compensation was inadequate.

In the same year (1765) Lord Frederick was for a few months Keeper of the Privy Seal of Scotland but resigned in July following the dismissal of the Grenville administration and was succeeded in the office by Lord Breadalbane. Lord Frederick was sworn of the privy council 29 May 1765, made Lord Clerk Register for Scotland in 1768, and confirmed in that office for life in 1777. In 1774 Lord Frederick had laid the foundation-stone for a register house at Edinburgh, and procured a permanent establishment for keeping the records, and received the thanks of the court of session. He was elected Rector of Glasgow University for 1772–73.

Lord Frederick sat in the Irish House of Commons for Thomastown from 1767 to 1768 and for St Canice from 1768 and 1776.

In 1778 he was appointed colonel of the Western regiment of Fencible Men (Argyle Fencibles). In 1786 a member of the board of control for India, and from 1787 to 1793 the joint Vice-Treasurer of Ireland under George, Viscount Townshend, the Lord-lieutenant. As a member of parliament he seems to have been reticent; but it was on his motion in 1796 that Henry Addington was elected speaker of the Great British Parliament. He was treasurer of the Middle Temple in 1803. He died 8 June 1816 in Queen Street, Mayfair.

Family
Lord Frederick was married, 28 March 1769, to Mary, youngest daughter of Mr. Amos Meredith of Henbury, Cheshire, sister of Sir William Meredith, 3rd Baronet, and widow of the infamous Laurence Shirley, 4th Earl Ferrers. She was burnt to death in a fire at their house, Combe Bank, Kent, in 1807. They had two daughters, one of whom, Mary, married Captain Donald Campbell of Barbreck. In 1752 Horace Walpole reported that Campbell was the love interest (aged 22) of society hostess Viscountess Etheldreda Townshend (aged 44).

On 7 November 1793 he was made as a Fellow of the Royal Society.

Lord Frederick had inherited Combe Bank (or Coombe Bank), near Sevenoaks, Kent, on the death of his father in 1770. His daughter sold the estate to William Manning, MP after his death.

Legacy
A Canadian school was named after him.

title: Lord Frederick Campbell


text:
Talk:Mani Ratnam/to do

 * Move information about movies into separate pages for the movies themselves.
 * Condense filmography to a simple list
 * Discuss the chronology of the films in a paragraph or two
 * Write a more complete biography including information about his MBA, his initial films and the bomb attack on his home. This is a biography, not a page about all of mani ratnam's movies.

hey this page has two diferent birthdates!!!

title: Talk:Mani Ratnam/to do


text:
Talk:Unawatuna

I propose to continue further wikification and cleaning up.--Bhadani 15:48, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Photo 'Unawatuna Beach at Dawn' looks more like Mirissa? --Mikhailfranco (talk) 19:51, 3 November 2017 (UTC)

Mythical roots
This section contains some unverified information probably grabbed from unreliable sources. The authenticity of Ramayanaya is highly controversial and Sri Lankan scholars do not consider it as a historical source. Therefore, the story-like content in this section should be verified or removed-- L Manju (talk) 14:20, 28 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Unawatuna


text:
Talk:Genevieve Michelle

June 3, 2005 revert
I have reverted the page back to Makka's page now that I know why he reverted it in the first place. See Talk:Solomon/Archive_1 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 68.169.113.246 (talk) June 3, 2005

External links modified
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title: Talk:Genevieve Michelle