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Talk:List of high schools in Florida

To Wikilink or not to Wikilink
6-9-05: I added Coral Glades HS (Coral Springs)
 * Please refrain from adding external links in the list. Wikipedia articles are not mere collections of external links.  If you want the link, write the article (and some people would be eternally happy if you, by preference, wrote the school district article, rather that individual school articles, but your mileage may vary). Flyers13 04:07, 22 July 2005 (UTC)
 * Perhaps every school in this article should be linked to the article on the school. And the chance that the school does not already have an article, it may motivate others to do an article.  Pepsidrinka 03:46, 17 December 2005 (UTC)
 * I tend to agree. One Wiki'er has been bent on removing links from pages that don't have wiki's.  But how are you going to know if someone's made a page there if there's not an existing link?  So you've got some red links.  But I've seen on other lists have stopped external linking completely by encouraging others to form the pages that are already linked.  That's my two cents worth.  -- Bladeswin 19:41, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

Other editors have also agreed that high schools should not be linked in this linst until the articles exists. Notice that User:Flyers13 wrote the comment above, and User:PRueda29 has also recently removed redlinks from this list. All those redlinks look really ugly. And having redlinks in this list is unlikely to inspire anyone to write the articles. Articles about high schools tend to be written by students at the school, and they don't need to see a redlink on this list to realize that an article on their doesn't exist. As there has been a default consensus for a while on not redlinking this list, I request that you not add redlinks without a thorough discussion in this talk page. --  Dalbury ( Talk )  22:58, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

 * Redlinks are listed on Special:Wantedpages - what's the big deal? ¦ Reisio 23:23, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I agree with Dalbury. A huge list of red links isn't going to attract anyone to start an article. It might even invite vandals to create attack pages for the schools by simply clicking the link and editing.  Looking through other similar lists, the general uniformity is for non-linking.  Linking every article would be as logical as linking every word on a regular article hoping that those that don't have a page would be created by a a reader. That's my two cents. --  PRueda29  / Ptalk29 / Pcontribs29 23:33, 12 February 2006 (UTC)

I would like to disagree with you still. I know that you have removed others' wikilinks because they link to no page. However there are some good and very valid reasons for adding, and leaving these wikilinks.

1. Discourage external linking. If there's already a link going somewhere (article or not), people will be more apt to see that there is a need for an article for that school, and if they're active enough to add the external link, they may be active enough to create an article for the school they were linking for.

2. It's worked for other state's list pages. I saw this done on Idaho, New Jersey and Oklahoma for example. When I looked at these to remove external linking, there was none to remove. The reasons given in number 1 work.

3. How are we going to know if Joe Schmo creates a page on such-and-such high school in some county that happens to be on the list? Easy, we won't. I know, because when I started adding wikilinks, I found two that had pages written about them that no one linked to the list. -- Bladeswin 18:39, 13 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I still don't believe that justifies why the schools should be linked. I've done some research on your theories, and I've come up with these rebuttles.

 * 1. Looking through the articles you've specified, specifically Oklahoma and Idaho, there is very little evidence that wikilinking each article has encouraged anyone to start articles on schools, with the vast majority of links still red. Also, these articles seem to be less popular than the list on Florida and New Jersey, and thus experience less bouts of vandalism and addition of external links.  The exception being a recent addition of several stubs by one user to the Idaho article, though this seems to be centered on the Boise area and does not indicate the user began creating articles because of red links on the list.

 * 2. Looking at the page history for the New Jersey article, it seems that regular users who watch that page remove external links as they are added, wikilinking has not prevented these external links from being added, but rather, those who watch that article have been more enthusiatic about removing them than those of us who watch this article.

 * 3. Even though there may be school articles out there that exist and are not linked, it still does not mean that articles receive less traffic simply because they are not linked to this list. A user looking for a school will first type the name of the school or district before searching for this list.  Also, I've noticed many links that are blue in the articles you mention lead to articles for schools with the same name, located in different states.  For example, Freedom High School in the Oklahoma article leads the user to the wrong article, for Freedom High School in Virginia.  Same for Union High School (article leads to school in NJ).  Memorial High School, listed for Tulsa leads to a disambiguation page that does not list the Tulsa school with this name (note: I have now added the school), which makes us believe that many of those blue links are erroneous and misleading to readers.  PRueda29  / Ptalk29 / Pcontribs29 00:21, 14 February 2006 (UTC)

 * I think the whole thing should be Wikilinked--Jorfer 00:19, 18 December 2006 (UTC)

 * The consensus here is to not link non-existant articles. -- Donald Albury 22:51, 18 December 2006 (UTC)

 * I will agree here understanding it contributes to the article cleanliness. - JP - Bladeswin | Talk to me | 01:42, 29 December 2006 (UTC)

I disagree In response to Horologium's comment on 03:37, 2 January 2008 (UTC) on my talk page about a red link I added: Please see Red link for information about when red links should be used. In this article, every high school should be listed and linked, with maybe a few exceptions. All High schools/secondary schools are regarded as notable unless encyclopaedic material is not available; see Notability (schools). Even though an article may not yet be created, showing a red link will show editors that the article needs to eventually be created. Having a notable topic not being redlinked, makes it appear non-notable, and not requiring an article. These articles will be created, which will in turn need links, so they should be included now so the page doesn't need to be edited every time a new article is created. Horologium, you stated that "Almost all of the high school articles I've seen have been written by someone who attends or attended the school, which rather limits the potential for a redlink on a list to do much in this case". Who else knows the school better than it's members, and who says high schoolers can't write? If they write vandalism, it will be reverted. If they write something uncited, other people can cite it. We want high schoolers to edit wikipedia - they have interest in their school. Wikipedia is open to everyone, so there is no need to censor it for fear that someone may write something non-notable. As for link farms, there's no need to have external links in the article. Wikipedia is not a collection of external links. Red links should be included, and if someone disagrees with me, I encourage you to explain your views. -- Dan Leveille TALK 04:22, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

 * There has been a long standing consensus on this page to not link to non-existent articles. There is no particular reason to expect any listed high school to receive its own article. Some links to articles about high schools have been removed because the article linked to has been deleted. There is also the problem of guessing the title for the school. Many school names are duplicated in other communities (e.g., Robert E. Lee High School), and articles are created for schools using different forms of the names in this list (with or without 'Community', initials or full names, etc.). We also feel that that the very many red-links that would result from linking every school would make the list quite ugly. -- Donald Albury 00:10, 3 January 2008 (UTC)

Add information on schools?
Is there any information needed for any new schools in Florida? I think I can help a bit wih that.-- Ch ili  14  23:51, 13 August 2006 (UTC)

 * If you bookmarked this page, I would love it if you created articles on schools! Anything without wikilinks needs an article if you're still interested. - Bladeswin | Talk to me | 04:23, 2 September 2006 (UTC)

Wikilink City Names
I have a question. For Collier County, I Wikilinked the city names for some of the high schools in a set manner. I linked to the first occurance of the city in the list. As it hasn't been removed, I was considering linking every county in a similiar pattern. But as I know I'm not the only one watching this page, I figured I'd ask first and gather opinions. - Bladeswin | Talk to me | 00:52, 22 April 2006 (UTC)

 * No objections here. :-D -- SmthManly  / ManlyTalk  / ManlyContribs  01:08, 22 April 2006 (UTC)

 * For examples of the differences, the majority have no city wikilinks. At the moment Alachua and Collier Counties have my proposed layout, and Leon currently has Tallahassee wikilinked for each school.  I propose a consensus unilaterally, just as external links are not permitted, the chosen layout would also be a rule of thumb. - Bladeswin | Talk to me | 03:09, 22 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Today I actively started implimenting this proposal I made from April...hard to believe I waited this long to start! I'll be popping in after Labor Day Weekend to finish up.  Here's the methodology:
 * Wikilink the first occurance of a city in a category as Miami . (Miami and North Miami are different)
 * Check each Wikilink to see if:
 * Wikilink Exists
 * Wikilink doesn't redirect to a similiarly named city.
 * Accurate County the city is in.

 * I know it's anal retentive, but I think that it adds to the article and gives continuity. - Bladeswin | Talk to me | 04:20, 2 September 2006 (UTC)

 * DONE! Woot. - Jake - Bladeswin | Talk to me | 23:49, 4 September 2006 (UTC)

 * I didn't notice this until today, too bad, I could've helped. -- SmthManly  / ManlyTalk  / ManlyContribs  11:19, 5 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Heh. No problem.  The wikilinking wasn't bad.  What was bad was finding links that went to other towns in another county, or to towns without articles.  That was the longest part. - Jake - Bladeswin | Talk to me | 12:59, 5 September 2006 (UTC)

I added / changed information!
I added my school, Bishop McLaughlin (Pasco) and Nature Coast Tech (Hernando) --CanesOL79 03:40, 22 June 2006 (UTC)

I am moving Forest Lake Academy from Orange County to Seminole County. Although Apopka is in Orange, the School is in Seminole (the discrepancy has something to do with ZIP Codes). 70.152.223.62 16:17, 18 August 2006 (UTC)

I just did a major overhaul of the Naples High School article. I based it off of Gulf Coast High School which I also overhauled / created.

Magnet Schools
There are more magnet schools than the ones listed here unless you are only listing the purely magnet schools and not the shared magnet and public schools. Because I went to Miami Coral Park Senior High School, and I was definitely in a magnet program. Please refer to : http://choice.dadeschools.net/shs_listings.htm I brought this up at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Miami-Dade_County_Public_Schools too. Oh and Miami Coral Park Senior High School is definately not in sweetwater. Heartcoke (talk • contribs) 13:24, 26 February 2007 (UTC)
 * I replied to you there, if it's not in Sweetwater then feel free to change the location. -- SmthManly  / ManlyTalk  / ManlyContribs  20:35, 26 February 2007 (UTC)

Regards to Brevard County
As a student of Palm Bay High School, it should be clear for me to know what city my school is in, well despite the name, it is oh so not in Palm Bay. however in Melbourne. If you don't beleive me, just go to http://palmbay.hs.brevard.k12.fl.us/ and look at the address information. Still not convinced? Go to google, type in what you think the address is, and watch it change to Melbourne. Well I would be the first to change that section, however I do not have the wikipedian knowledge to do so, as in citing it and such, so if you're a smart wikipedian and you're reading this, please, please do something right and CHANGE THE CITY! Why Palm Bay high is in Melbourne, I have no idea. Check the wikipedia page. —Preceding unsigned comment added by R3445v (talk • contribs) 02:16, 11 March 2009 (UTC)

 * I fixed it. This is addressed in the Palm Bay article and the Palm Bay High School article; I verified it at the BCPS website.  Horologium  (talk) 02:35, 11 March 2009 (UTC)

Union County

 * Union County High School (Florida), Lake Butler — Preceding unsigned comment added by Scarico14 (talk • contribs) 21:15, 16 January 2013 (UTC)
 * ✅. However, that article needs to be pared down and made less promotional. It reads like a press release.  Horologium  (talk) 23:44, 16 January 2013 (UTC)

New sub-sections
User has been creating sub-sections by municipality and moving linked schools into them. All public schools in Florida are operated by school districts that are co-terminous with counties. While many public schools may be located in such municipalities, the attendance zones for the schools have nothing to do with municipal boundaries. I am not aware of any charter or private school in the state that restricts attendance by municipal boundaries. I find this dividing up of school district sections by municipality to be unhelpful and confusing. I wish to revert all such changes made by Sstein25, but will wait to see how other interested editors feel. - Donald Albury 18:50, 27 March 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of high schools in Florida


text:
User talk:Tstinton

Bratsche talk 5 pillars 20:59, Jun 9, 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User talk:Tstinton


text: User talk:Azsmith

title: User talk:Azsmith


text:
Code Access Security

Code Access Security (CAS), in the Microsoft .NET framework, is Microsoft's solution to prevent untrusted code from performing privileged actions. When the CLR loads an assembly it will obtain evidence for the assembly and use this to identify the code group that the assembly belongs to. A code group contains a permission set (one or more permissions). Code that performs a privileged action will perform a code access demand which will cause the CLR to walk up the call stack and examine the permission set granted to the assembly of each method in the call stack. The code groups and permission sets are determined by the administrator of the machine who defines the security policy. Microsoft considers CAS as obsolete and discourages its use. It is also not available in .NET Core and .NET.

Evidence
Evidence can be any information associated with an assembly. The default evidences that are used by .NET code access security are:

 * Application directory: the directory in which an assembly resides.
 * Publisher: the assembly's publisher's digital signature (requires the assembly to be signed via Authenticode).
 * URL: the complete URL where the assembly was launched from
 * Site: the hostname of the URL/Remote Domain/VPN.
 * Zone: the security zone where the assembly resides
 * Hash: a cryptographic hash of the assembly, which identifies a specific version.
 * Strong Name: a combination of the assembly name, version and public key of the signing key used to sign the assembly. The signing key is not an X.509 certificate, but a custom key pair generated by the strong naming tool, SN.EXE or by Visual Studio.

A developer can use custom evidence (so-called assembly evidence) but this requires writing a security assembly and in version 1.1 of .NET this facility does not work.

Evidence based on a hash of the assembly is easily obtained in code. For example, in C#, evidence may be obtained by the following code clause:

Policy
A policy is a set of expressions that uses evidence to determine a code group membership. A code group gives a permission set for the assemblies within that group. There are four policies in .NET:

 * Enterprise: policy for a family of machines that are part of an Active Directory installation.
 * Machine: policy for the current machine.
 * User: policy for the logged on user.
 * AppDomain: policy for the executing application domain.

The first three policies are stored in XML files and are administered through the .NET Configuration Tool 1.1 (mscorcfg.msc). The final policy is administered through code for the current application domain.

Code access security will present an assembly's evidence to each policy and will then take the intersection (that is the permissions common to all the generated permission sets) as the permissions granted to the assembly.

By default, the Enterprise, User, and AppDomain policies give full trust (that is they allow all assemblies to have all permissions) and the Machine policy is more restrictive. Since the intersection is taken, this means that the final permission set is determined by the Machine policy.

Note that the policy system has been eliminated in .NET Framework 4.0.

Code group
Code groups associate a piece of evidence with a named permission set. The administrator uses the .NET Configuration Tool to specify a particular type of evidence (for example, Site) and a particular value for that evidence (for example, www.mysite.com) and then identifies the permission set that the code group will be granted.

Demands
Code that performs some privileged action will make a demand for one or more permissions. The demand makes the CLR walk the call stack and for each method the CLR will ensure that the demanded permissions are in the method's assembly's granted permissions. If the permission is not granted then a security exception is thrown. This prevents downloaded code from performing privileged actions. For example, if an assembly is downloaded from an untrusted site the assembly will not have any file IO permissions and so if this assembly attempts to access a file, will throw an exception preventing the call.

title: Code Access Security


text:
West Mersea Yacht Club

West Mersea Yacht Club (WMYC) is a British yacht club that has its clubhouse in Coast Road, West Mersea, Mersea Island, Essex. It is on the estuary of the River Blackwater, approximately 12 km south of Colchester. The Blackwater estuary is a major sailing centre on the English east coast.

Founded in 1899, the club has sponsored national and international yacht racing meetings. The club has competitive offshore racing fleets and run racing throughout the UK sailing season, a cadet week and an annual regatta during 'Mersea Week'. Of its many famous members, the most notable was probably Maurice Griffiths, the yacht designer and author.

A club launch runs from Tuesdays to Sundays during the season; callsign on VHF Channel 37: YC1 (Why - See - One).

The WMYC ensign is the Red Ensign defaced with three Saxon seaxes, the symbol of Essex.

title: West Mersea Yacht Club


text:
Template talk:HongKong-stub

talk
Grr...sorry about that yall. The server errors keep on killing me. Zscout370 (Sound Off) 21:02, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * If someone can fix this problem, please do so. For some reason, Wikipedia will not let me edit this template again, due to server problems. Zscout370 (Sound Off) 21:12, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: Template talk:HongKong-stub


text: User talk:Sneak

title: User talk:Sneak


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Jolly Farmer

The Jolly Farmer, formerly the Golden Farmer, is a former pub and roundabout on the boundary between Camberley and Bagshot in Surrey, England. The pub derives its name from a gold-robbing farmer, William Davies (or Davis) who spent years plundering various sections of the country's main south-west turnpike road including this area before being hanged in 1689 at this location.

Junction
The junction was a fork with the London to Land's End turnpike road (now the A30 London Road), and the London to Portsmouth turnpike (now the A325 Portsmouth Road). The two main roads are mentioned in John Ogilby's Britannia, published in 1675, with the Land's End road described as "in general a very good Road with suitable Entertainment" and the Portsmouth Road as "A very good Road to Southampton, and thence to Salisbury indifferent" (the route to Southampton being roughly the A325 and part of what is now the A31). Until the establishment of Camberley in 1860, it crossed remote unpopulated heathland. In the stagecoach era, it was busy with traffic, and notorious for the poor quality of road and proliferation of highwaymen.

The junction has been an important landmark and mentioned in early motoring itineraries. It was originally a simple fork in the road and was converted into the current roundabout layout in 1960.

Basing Stone

The junction is marked by the 'Basing Stone' or 'Basingstone''. The current stone replaces the original, lost during roadworks in the 1950s, and carries the inscription "Site of the Basing Stone and the Legend of the White Hart".

William Davies
The highwayman William Davies (also recorded as "Davis") was born in Wrexham, Wales, before moving to Sodbury, Gloucestershire where he married and had 18 children. He targeted heaths across England from Putney near London to Cornwall for 40 years in the 17th century, taking significant gold from his victims. He plied the uninhabited main road across Bagshot/Frimley Heath. His identity was discovered since he was a Sodbury farmer bearing 18 children with his wife who paid "any considerable sum in gold". Davies was hung in chains on Bagshot Heath in December 1689.

According to oral history Davies was hanged near the location of the pub, at the junction of London Road and Gibbett Lane. According to historian Jacqueline Simpson, this included speculation that he was hanged alive and starved to death, though this practice had been abolished by Elizabeth I a century earlier for being too barbaric.

Pub
The original building was to the north of the London Road, and operated from the late 17th century as the Golden Farmer. It appeared under that name on early Ordnance Survey maps in the 19th century. The name "Golden Farmer" was originally associated with John Bennet, but became associated with Davies after being mentioned as such in Alexander Smith's The History of the Lives of the most Noted Highwaymen, published in 1714.

The inn moved to its current location in the 1820s and the name was changed to the "Jolly Farmer" in 1823. During the 19th century, the pub was a rendezvous point for hunting around Bagshot Heath.

H. E. Malden wrote the Victoria County History in 1911, finding little of economic productivity or architecture in Bagshot to record other than its coaching inns, stating "Thirty coaches a day passed through, and there were many inns, since closed...The later history is full of the exploits of highwaymen, who found the wild country hereabouts specially favourable for their purposes".

In 1996, the pub closed and became a Mongolian barbecue. After this also closed, Burger King offered to buy the building, but their offer was rejected by Surrey Heath council after parents were concerned children from the nearby secondary school would try to cross the junction to reach the premises. Since 2003, the building has been used as an American Golf store.

title: Jolly Farmer


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Frederick Barnard

Frederick Barnard may refer to:
 * Sir Frederick Augusta Barnard (1742–1830), George III's librarian
 * Fred Barnard (1846–1896), Victorian illustrator
 * Frederick A. P. Barnard (1809–1889), American scientist and educator

title: Frederick Barnard


text:
FM (British band)

FM are a British rock band (referred to as FM UK in North America to avoid confusion with the Canadian progressive rock band FM). They have released fourteen studio albums to date. Three of those, Indiscreet, Tough It Out and 2015's Heroes and Villains reached the UK Albums Chart, whilst five of the band's singles made inroads into the UK Singles Chart.

Career
FM was formed in the summer of 1984 in London. Comprising the ex-Samson pair of bassist Merv Goldsworthy and drummer Pete Jupp, the Overland brothers – vocalist/guitarist Steve and lead guitarist Chris Overland (both formerly of Wildlife, where they played with future Ozzy, Johnny Hallyday and Vince Neil bassist Phil Soussan) and keyboardist Philip Manchester (of new wave band The Invaders, also known as Didge Digital), the band initially wrote six songs which by December 1984 had helped them secure a recording contract with the CBS/Portrait label. That same month the band set off on tour in Germany with Meat Loaf.

The first UK public appearance of FM (not to be confused with the Canadian band of the same name) was on Valentine’s Day in 1985 at London's legendary Marquee Club. The debut album, Indiscreet followed and their debut single "Frozen Heart" was heard in many venues during 1986. FM hit the road in Europe supporting Tina Turner, Foreigner, Gary Moore, Status Quo and Magnum, also opening for REO Speedwagon at London’s Hammersmith Odeon. At the year's end they accepted a spot with Bon Jovi on the UK leg of their Slippery When Wet Tour. The band also recorded theme songs for the animated sci-fi series The Adventures of the Galaxy Rangers.

When CBS folded the Portrait label, FM switched to Epic. The Overland brothers went to the United States to write with Desmond Child, returning with the hard rock anthem "Bad Luck". Queensrÿche and Dokken producer Neil Kernon was engaged to oversee 1989’s Tough It Out.

To promote Tough It Out, the band set out on a 42 date UK tour that saw them returning to the Hammersmith Odeon. Soon afterwards, Chris Overland decided to leave FM, his final performance taking place at the Town & Country Club. In his place, FM recruited Andy Barnett, a guitarist who had already been in a prototype line-up of the group, and had a co-writing credit for the Indiscreet song, "That Girl," which was later covered by Iron Maiden as a B-side. His debut with the group was 1991's Takin’ It To The Streets.

FM moved to another record label, Music For Nations, and Didge Digital left in late 1991. A cover version of Marvin Gaye's "I Heard It Through the Grapevine" was not a hit, but was followed by their next album, Aphrodisiac. They undertook a string of acoustic concerts in the winter of 1992.

With Europe and the Far East markets opening up for FM, a full-time keyboard appointment was made with Jem Davis (former Tobruk and UFO), joining the band. The arrangement was short-lived. After the release of Dead Man's Shoes in 1995, the band split up.

At Nottingham's Rock City venue on 27 October 2007 however, FM played together again in public for the first time in twelve years, headlining the sold-out Firefest festival. The reaction the band received to this one-off appearance led to the swift decision to make the reunion permanent. Guitarist Andy Barnett could not commit to long-term plans however and the band were disappointed to accept his resignation. At Steve Overland's suggestion Jim Kirkpatrick was recruited and he made his live debut with FM at a low-key show at Winstanley College (Wigan, UK) on 19 March 2009, followed by a more public appearance when FM headlined Firefest for a second time on October 2009. To coincide with this festival appearance FM released the new single "Wildside" as part of an EP containing new recordings and live tracks. For the first time new recruit Jim Kirkpatrick was featured on record. The single was a taster of forthcoming new album, Metropolis.

Metropolis, FM's first new album since Dead Man's Shoes in 1995, was showcased at a sell-out launch party at The Roadhouse, Covent Garden, London in February 2010 and was released on 31 May 2010. Produced by the band, Metropolis met with critical acclaim and the two singles from the album - "Hollow" (released 17 May 2010) and "Bring Back Yesterday" (released 7 September 2010) each spent a month on the playlist at BBC Radio 2 and were playlisted on many other radio stations.

FM toured all over the UK in support of the album throughout 2010. Their live schedule included a set on the main stage at Download Festival as a late replacement for Ratt in June 2010 and a set on the main stage at Hard Rock Hell IV at Prestatyn in December. December also saw the return of an FM tradition with a 'Christmas Party' show at Islington Academy London.

FM started 2011 with a show at London's Hammersmith Apollo on 22 January with Thin Lizzy. The rest of the year saw the band return to many overseas strongholds of years gone by including headline shows in the Netherlands and Spain (their first ever live concert in that country); a show with D-A-D in Portugal;  dates with Journey and Foreigner in Germany, Dublin and Belfast and appearances at major festivals such as Graspop in Belgium and Sweden Rock. They were also invited back to play at Download Festival again.

In January 2012 FM headlined the Sunday night Rock Stage at the Great British Rock & Blues Festival in Skegness and during March they staged three special concerts in Glasgow, Manchester and London to celebrate the 25th Anniversary of the release of their début album Indiscreet. These shows saw FM play Indiscreet live in its entirety for the first time ever as part of a full show and were commemorated by the release of the live in concert DVD Indiscreet 25 Live on 1 April 2013, filmed at the Manchester and London shows. In mid-August 2012 FM performed as Special Guests of Thin Lizzy at shows in Carlisle and Belsonic 2012 in Belfast and followed this with the Special Guest slot on Thin Lizzy's UK tour in November/December 2012 alongside The Treatment. The nine-track mini-album Only Foolin' EP was released 26 November 2012 featuring a mix of new studio recordings and live tracks recorded at FM's "Indiscreet 25Live" shows earlier in the year.

In November 2012 FM announced their forthcoming seventh studio album would be released March 2013 with the title Rockville by launching a PledgeMusic campaign. Via PledgeMusic fans could pre-order the album along with pledging for other items such as a two-CD package to include Rockville II (a second CD of nine new tracks and a new recording of the song "High", originally released by Steve Overland and Pete Jupp under the SO! banner on the album Brass Monkey), Steve Overland's microphone, various items autographed by the band and VIP concert access.

FM held a press launch for Rockville at London O2 Academy 2 Islington on 6 March 2013 which was also attended by Pledgers via the band's PledgeMusic campaign. Following a playback of the album in full the band played a half-hour set of some of their crowd-pleasing anthems before a playback of Rockville II.

Rockville was released 11 March 2013 and debuted on the Official UK Rock Chart at #6, followed on 25 March by the release of Rockville II which had earned an official release of its own due to the amount of interest generated by its inclusion in FM's PledgeMusic campaign. On 15 March 2013 FM began a UK tour in support of Rockville. Special Guests for the first four dates on the tour were Vega and Serpentine whilst It Bites and Vega were Special Guests for the second half of the tour. The tour was followed on 6 April 2013 by a set at the inaugural HRH AOR festival which was held at Rotherham's Magna Science Adventure Centre on a bill which included Tesla, Danny Vaughn and past touring-mates Romeo's Daughter.

In June 2013 FM played at HiRock, a two-day festival held in Germany at Freilichtbühne Loreley and the Max Aicher Arena in Inzell. Other artists performing at HiRock included Toto, Rick Springfield, Whitesnake, Journey and Black Star Riders. Due to adverse weather conditions and extensive flooding in the surrounding area the second day of the festival at Inzell did not take place. On 27 July 2013 the band were Special Guests at Planet Rock's Steelhouse Festival in Wales followed the next day by a headline show at The River Rooms in Stourbridge with Toby Jepson performing an acoustic set as Special Guest. During June and July 2013 the band's single "Story Of My Life" from Rockville spent several weeks on the BBC Radio 2 playlist. In December Toby Jepson returned as Special Guest for FM's final headline appearance of the year at a sold-out The Box in Crewe and the band ended the year with a set on the main stage at Planet Rock's Planet Rockstock festival. Their single "Better Late Than Never" was added to the BBC Radio 2 playlist on 26 December 2013.

On the afternoon of Saturday 8 February 2014 FM headlined the 'Reds' stage at the Giants Of Rock festival in Minehead, also appearing were Elliott Randall, Molly Hatchet and Big Country. A large part of the original Friday line-up for this festival was cancelled, resulting in stage times throughout the rest of the weekend being rescheduled.

During 2014 - in addition to writing and recording for their next release - FM toured across the UK with Foreigner and Europe during March / April 2014, with further European dates alongside Foreigner and a series of headline shows in the Netherlands, Germany, Spain and Portugal taking them into May. To coincide with this tour FM released a new eleven-track EP entitled Futurama on 31 March 2014. Futurama includes four new studio tracks, six new live recordings and an extended mix.

The second half of 2014 featured FM's 30th Anniversary celebrations. They headlined Cambridge Rock Festival on Saturday 9 August 2014 with Bernie Marsden joining FM onstage during the encore for a rendition of "Here I Go Again". Bernie Marsden joined FM again for the encore at The River Rooms in Stourbridge during their 30th Anniversary Tour in November. The tour also took in shows at Southampton, Cardiff, Bingley, Southend and Holmfirth with special guests including Toby Jepson, Hand Of Dimes and Three Lions. A late cancellation by Vandenberg's Moonkings and a call from the Planet Rock festival organisers resulted in FM rounding off 2014 with a surprise appearance on the main stage at Planet Rockstock on Sunday 7 December.

FM released their ninth studio album Heroes and Villains via Frontiers Records on 20 April 2015 (UK / Europe) and 21 April 2015 (USA) and embarked on a UK tour in May with Special Guests Romeo's Daughter and No Hot Ashes. The track "Shape I'm In" from the new album was added to the BBC Radio 2 playlist from Saturday 4 April 2015. Festival appearances in 2015 included Nantwich Jazz, Frontiers Rock Festival in Italy (FM's first-ever performance in Italy), Rock The Ring in Switzerland, Graspop Metal Meeting in Belgium, Netherlands festival Bospop, Team Rock's inaugural Ramblin' Man Fair in Maidstone, Steelhouse Festival in Wales and two festivals in Sweden at Skogsröjet in Rejmyre and Helgeåfestivalen in Knislinge. In November 2015 FM continued their European Tour with more UK dates followed by a co-headline run of shows in mainland Europe with Electric Boys. Their last show of the year was headlining Planet Rockstock, the band's third appearance at the festival in three years.

FM's Heroes and Villains tour continued through 2016 with dates across the UK in January (Special Guests Romeo's Daughter, The King Lot, Bernie Marsden and No Hot Ashes). Festival appearances included The Great British Rock & Blues Festival, Rockweekend AOR and Väsby Rock Festival in Sweden, and Nantwich Jazz, Blues & Music Festival. The band also featured as Special Guests on Heart's "She Devils" UK tour in the summer of 2016, performing at London's Royal Albert Hall, Manchester O2 Apollo, Glasgow Royal Concert Hall and Birmingham Symphony Hall.

Also in 2016 FM celebrated the 30th anniversary of their debut album with the release of Indiscreet 30, re-recording the original tracks to update the album - "We are not trying to recreate the original, but this is our interpretation played by FM as we are today with the sound of FM 2016" explained Merv Goldsworthy.

In 2017 FM played their first-ever show in Greece to a sell-out crowd along with appearances at HRH AOR festival, a unique triple-headline bill alongside The Quireboys and Gun as part of the Castell Roc Music Festival at Chepstow Castle, Escape Open Air and HEAT festivals in Germany, Rock & Blues Custom Show in Pentrich and a return to Cambridge Rock Festival.

FM's eleventh studio album Atomic Generation was released on 30 March 2018 via Frontiers Records (14 March 2018 in Japan). In addition to shows across the UK throughout 2018 - including dates with Dare and Toby Jepson - FM appeared at Frontiers Rock Festival in Milan on 29 April and played the USA for the first time when they headlined at Melodic Rock Fest 5 in Chicago on 6 May, following this with a headline set at the sister festival Melodic Rock Fest Scandinavia in Malmö on 1 June.

In September 2018 FM accepted an invitation to join Saxon as Special Guests on their "Thunderbolt Tour Part 2" to replace previously announced Y&T whose singer / guitarist Dave Meniketti was suffering from a serious back injury and thus unable to embark on the tour. The three-band bill toured throughout Europe from 19 September to 16 October with Raven as opening act and with Wayward Sons opening for four shows in the UK 18–21 October. With current keyboardist Jem Davis unable to join FM for the European shows at such short notice, the band recruited guest keyboard player and original band member Didge Digital for the European dates with Jem Davis performing at the UK shows.

2019 onwards
On 22 February 2019 FM released via Frontiers Records The Italian Job, a live DVD/CD package (also on Blu-ray) of their set at the Frontiers Rock Festival in Milan, Italy on 29 April 2018. FM's twelfth studio album Synchronized was released on 22 May 2020 via Frontiers Records. The band's thirteenth studio album, aptly titled Thirteen, was released by Frontiers Records on 18 March 2022. Prior to the release of Thirteen, and to celebrate the 30th anniversary of their second album Tough It Out, FM via Frontiers records released a live version of the album, Tough It Out Live. The 2CD set was released on 4 September 2021. Post-Covid-19 the band resumed touring, and during 2022 undertook a European tour and supported The Dead Daisies across the UK. For 2023 dates include in May a 12-date co-headline tour with Dare and Tyketto. On 24 August 2023 it was announced that founding Member Chris Overland passed away

Members
Current members
 * Merv Goldsworthy – bass, backing vocals (1984–1995, 2007–present)
 * Pete Jupp – drums, backing vocals (1984–1995, 2007–present)
 * Steve Overland – lead vocals, rhythm guitar (1984–1995, 2007–present)
 * Jem Davis – keyboards, synthesizer, organ, piano, keytar, harmonica, backing vocals (1993–1995, 2007–present)
 * Jim Kirkpatrick – lead guitar, backing vocals (2008–present)

Former members)
 * Didge Digital – keyboards, keytar, occasional backing vocals (1984–1991)
 * Chris Overland – lead guitar, backing vocals (1984–1990), (died:2023)
 * Andy Barnett – lead guitar, backing vocals (1990–1995, 2007–2008)
 * Tony Mitman – keyboards (1992)
 * Charlie Olins - keyboards, piano (1992) (tour only)
 * Mitt Gamon - harmonica (1992) (tour only)

Lineups

Discography

 * Studio albums
 * Indiscreet (1986)
 * Tough It Out (1989)
 * Takin' It to the Streets (1991)
 * Aphrodisiac (1992)
 * Dead Man's Shoes (1995)
 * Metropolis (2010)
 * Rockville (2013)
 * Rockville II (2013)
 * Heroes And Villains (2015)
 * Indiscreet 30 (2016)
 * Atomic Generation (2018)
 * Synchronized (2020)
 * Thirteen (2022)
 * Old Habits Die Hard (2024)
 * Compilation albums
 * Only the Strong: The Very Best of FM 1984-1994 (1994)
 * Closer to Heaven (1996)
 * Paraphernalia (Double album - the second one is live) (1996)
 * Long Time No See (Triple album - the third one is live) (2003)
 * Long Lost Friends (Double album) (2005)
 * Vintage and Rare (2006)

 * Live albums
 * Live At The Astoria (1989)
 * No Electricity Required (Double live album) (1993)
 * The Italian Job (2019)
 * Tough It Out Live (2021)

 * EPs
 * The Blues & Soul EP (1993)
 * Wildside EP (2009)
 * City Limits EP (2011)
 * Only Foolin' EP (2012)
 * Futurama (2014)

 * DVD
 * Back In The Saddle (2008)
 * Live In Europe (2012)
 * Indiscreet 25 Live (2013)
 * The Italian Job (2019)

 * VHS
 * Live Acoustical Intercourse (1993)

 * Special release
 * Numbered and autographed box 7" single: "Let Love Be The Leader" / "Let Love Be The Leader" (Live) 1987

title: FM (British band)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/West Mersea Yacht Club

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was KEEP. JeremyA 21:17, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)

West Mersea Yacht Club
delete. self promotion, non notable, total content consists of link to page that has no contentWAvegetarian 21:06, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC) WAvegetarian 07:55, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * delete - agreed with WAvegetarian... this isn't notable, there's insufficient content, and the page it links to is under construction too. UkPaolo 21:13, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * keep. The West Mersea Yacht Club is a notable UK yacht racing club having sponsored international yacht racing meetings. It is a properly constituted yacht club, founded in 1899 with a formal yacht club structure and a warrant from the UK Ministry of Defence for its members to fly an approved defaced ensign. It merits a mention in respected yacht racing handbooks.  Its burgee is internationally recognised.  The category 'Yacht Clubs' would look very odd if only certain clubs were allowed;  I note that the New York Yacht Club and the Golden Gate Yacht Club and others are allowed a page.  The fact that its own page is under construction (replacing a previous site) has nothing to do with it. --194.80.134.139 21:26, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. Sorry, I was too hasty and admit no knowledge yacht club structure or guidelines in the UK. I did not mean to be discriminatory against the UK in any way. At the time it looked like a throwaway self-promotion page for a website that was yet to be developed. Thank you for expanding it. Please continue. WAvegetarian 07:55, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * If only there were somewhere other than VfD to contribute useful and pertinent information about the subject! Ben-w 22:20, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * There is somewhere - the article! - or its talk page as appropriate. -- RHaworth 10:52, 2005 Jun 10 (UTC)
 * Comment: I note that the VfD was posted two minutes after creation as the editor, User:194.80.134.139, was still writing it, as demonstrated by an addition one minute after VfD tag. This is apparently enough for the contributor to stop editing for fear of losing work he/she intends to put in. IMHO, this could be a good example of when to watch a page or tag it for Expansion, Cleanup-importance, Explain significance, Requests for expansion, or simply Stub. Double Blue  (Talk) 01:46, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep will be OK when wikified and expanded. (A website that is not under construction is a dead website.) -- RHaworth 10:52, 2005 Jun 10 (UTC)
 * Keep James F. (talk) 16:47, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Craigy [[Image:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg|15px]] (talk) 00:28, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep needs wikification and to be expanded, but has encyclopedic content IMHO. Poli 17:38, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
Naval Station Rota

Naval Station Rota, also known as NAVSTA Rota (Base Naval de Rota), is a Spanish-U.S. naval base commanded by a Spanish rear admiral. Located in Rota in the Province of Cádiz, NAVSTA Rota is the largest American military community in Spain, housing U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps personnel. There are also small U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force contingents on the base.

History
NAVSTA Rota has been in use since 1953, when Spanish dictator Francisco Franco strengthened relations with the United States as a move to relax international sanctions imposed by the United Nations since 1945. The installation now covers more than 6000 acre on the northern shore of Cadiz, an area recognized for its strategic, maritime importance over the centuries.

Polaris submarines
During the Cold War, Rota became an advanced base for SSBN submarines of the U.S. Navy, which was very important as the Soviet Union was in range of Polaris missiles launched from Rota. The Chief of Naval Operations deployed Submarine Squadron 16 (SUBRON 16) to Rota on 28 January 1964 and embarked upon USS Proteus (AS-19). USS Lafayette (SSBN-616) completed its first Fleet Ballistic Missile (FBM) deterrent patrol with the Polaris missile and commenced the first refit and replenishment at Rota. During the early 1970s, the submarines assigned to SUBRON 16 were completing conversion to the Poseidon missile. That transition was completed when USS Francis Scott Key (SSBN-657) returned to Rota on 14 January 1974. Treaty negotiations between Spain and the United States in 1975 resulted in a planned withdrawal of SUBRON 16 from Spain, and the Chief of Naval Operations ordered studies to select a new refit site on the East Coast of the United States. The U.S. Senate ratified the treaty in June 1976; it called for the squadron's withdrawal from Spain by July 1979. In November 1976 the Secretary of the Navy announced Naval Submarine Base Kings Bay, Georgia as that new refit site.

Sea control
At its peak size in the early 1980s, NAVSTA Rota was home to 16,000 sailors and their families, to include two permanently forward deployed aviation squadrons, Fleet Air Reconnaissance Squadron Two (VQ-2) and Fleet Logistics Support Squadron Twenty four(VR-24). VQ-2 was based at Rota from 1959 until 2005, when it relocated to NAS Whidbey Island, Washington. VR-24 flew the C-130F and was based at Rota from 1962 until its inactivation in 1993. Through the early 1990s, a patrol squadron of P-3 Orion aircraft based in the United States would also be split-based between NAVSTA Rota and the Naval Air Facility at Lajes Air Base in the Azores to track Soviet naval vessels and submarines in the Atlantic Ocean and in the Mediterranean.

When Soviet surface and submarine naval deployments to the Mediterranean increased throughout the 1970s and early 1980s Rota naval station enabled maritime patrol aircraft to conduct continuous surveillance and tracking of Soviet ships before, during, and after their transit through the Strait of Gibraltar. Data was then forwarded to United States Sixth Fleet Headquarters, providing also critical intelligence regarding Soviet ships acoustic signatures, operating characteristics, and warfighting capabilities. Rota staff's role as guardians of Sixth Fleet's front door earned them the moniker Gatekeepers of the Med. With the collapse of the Soviet Union focus shifted to adapt to the new missions of Sixth Fleet.

During Cold War the patrol squadrons would rotate deployment assignment to Rota and Lajes every six months and were augmented by Naval Air Reserve patrol squadrons for shorter durations on a periodic basis.

End of Cold war
With the downsizing of the U.S. Navy during the late 1980s and early 1990s, especially after the end of the Cold War, the base's population dramatically declined. The U.S. Navy maintains approximately 5200 acre of the 6000 acre complex. There are about 4,000 Americans in Rota, including military, civilians, and their families.

United States Air Force Interest
As the U.S. Navy started to reduce its presence, the USAF realized the potential of the airfield as a refueling stop in Middle East deployments. Rota was used by C-5 Galaxy and C-141 Starlifter transport aircraft in the Gulf War in 1991.During that war B-52 Stratofortress bombers were stationed at nearby Morón Air Base, where detachements of USAF KC-135 Stratotanker aerial refueling aircraft had rotated during years. Later, the U.S. agreed with Spain to improve air base installations so it could handle more cargo plane operations.

In April 2011, the commander of the U.S. Navy garrison at the base, Captain William F. Mosk, was relieved of command and reassigned during an investigation into illegal drug use by U.S. servicemen at the installation. Rear Admiral Tony Gaiani relieved Mosk for "lost confidence in his ability to command", specifically, to handle issues related to the investigation.

Antimissile Shield
On October 5, 2011, U.S. Secretary of Defense Leon Panetta announced that the U.S. Navy will station four Aegis warships at Rota to strengthen its presence in the Mediterranean Sea and bolster the missile defense of NATO as part of the European Phased Adaptive Approach (EPAA). As of 2015, four U.S. destroyers, including USS Arleigh Burke (DDG-51), USS Ross (DDG-71), USS Porter (DDG-78), and USS Roosevelt (DDG-80) are permanently forward-deployed to Naval Station Rota as part of the Missile Defense System.

In 2021 the base temporarily hosted thousands of Afghan refugees transported by the 2021 Kabul airlift. One of the agreements that emerged from the 2022 NATO Madrid summit was to expand the U.S. destroyers stationed at the base from 4 to 6 and 600 more troops. Finally, the extension agreement was signed in May 2023.

Overview
Naval Station Rota is home to an airfield and a seaport; the airfield has often caused the base to be misidentified as "Naval Air Station Rota". The base is the headquarters for Commander, U.S. Naval Activities Spain (COMNAVACTSPAIN), as well as a primary gateway for Air Mobility Command flights into Europe.

Naval Station Rota is strategically located near the Strait of Gibraltar and at the halfway point between the United States and Southwest Asia. Because of this ideal location, the base is able to provide invaluable support to both US Sixth Fleet units in the Mediterranean and to USAF Air Mobility Command units transiting to Germany and Southwest Asia. The Base and its tenant commands are located within the boundaries of the 6100 acre Spanish "Base Naval de Rota". Under the guidance of the Agreement for Defense Cooperation, the US and Spanish navies work together and share many facilities. The US Navy has the responsibility for maintaining the station's infrastructure, including a 670 acre airfield, three active piers, 426 facilities and 806 family housing units.

From Naval Station Rota Spain, the VLF-transmitter Guardamar, which uses Torreta de Guardamar, the tallest man-made structure in the European Union as antenna, is telecontroled. Pest management is performed by a combination of Navy personnel, and local contractors who must be licensed by the host country (Spain).

Occupants
The base is used jointly by Spain and the United States. It remains under the Spanish flag and is commanded by a Spanish Vice Admiral. While the Spanish Navy is responsible for external security of the base, both Navies are charged with internal security. NAVSTA Rota is technically a tenant facility of the Rota Spanish Navy base. As a result, certain US military customs are not observed, such as the display of a US Flag, which is only allowed during the annual Fourth of July celebration or occasionally at half mast as a mark of respect with the ad-hoc permission of the Spanish Admiral.

Spanish Navy
This Base houses the Fleet Headquarters and the Naval Action Force, as well as the main operational units of the Navy: Naval Action Group 2, Aircraft Flotilla, 41st Escort Squadron.

Deployed ships

 * Naval Action Force
 * Naval Action Group 2
 * Juan Carlos I
 * Galicia
 * Castilla
 * Naval Action Group 1
 * 41st Escort Squadron
 * Santa María
 * Victoria
 * Numancia
 * Reina Sofía
 * Navarra
 * Canarias

U.S. Navy
Naval Station Rota provides support for U.S. and NATO ships; supports the safe and efficient movement of U.S. Navy and U.S. Air Force flights and passengers; and provides cargo, fuel, and ammunition to units in the region. The Naval Station is the only base in the Mediterranean capable of supporting Amphibious Readiness Group post-deployment wash-downs. The base port also offers secure, pier-side maintenance and back-load facilities. Rota supports Amphibious Readiness Group turnovers and hosts Sailors and Marines from visiting afloat units. The base also provides Quality of Life support to Morón Air Base, ARG support sites at Palma de Majorca, NATO headquarters in Madrid and the Military Sealift Command's Maritime Prepositioning Squadron 1.

The mission of U.S. Forces at Rota, as well as other U.S. Navy installations in the Mediterranean such as NAS Sigonella and Souda Air Base is to provide Command, Control and Logistics Support to US and NATO Operating Forces. These three facilities are undergoing a transformation from Maritime Patrol Aircraft airfields to multi-role "hubs" providing crucial air-links for USAF strategic airlift and mobility in support of US European Command (EUCOM), Central Command (CENTCOM) and African Area contingency operations under CENTCOM, EUCOM and the evolving Africa Command (AFRICOM).

Tenant Commands and Forward-deployed ships

 * Destroyer Squadron 60 (COMDESRON 60)
 * USS Roosevelt (DDG-80) (since 2020)
 * USS Arleigh Burke (DDG-51) (since 2021)
 * USS Bulkeley (DDG-84) (since 2022)
 * USS Paul Ignatius (DDG-117) (since 2022)
 * United States Navy Explosive Ordnance Disposal Mobile Unit Eight
 * Helicopter Maritime Strike Squadron Seven Nine (HSM-79) "Griffins", Flying the Sikorsky MH-60R Seahawk

Operational Headquarters for the EU Naval Force
The Operational Headquarters (OHQ) for the EU Naval Force moved from Northwood, UK to Rota and to Brest, France on 29 March 2019. EU's Operation Atalanta is commanded from Naval Station Rota.

title: Naval Station Rota


text:
The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh and the Maiden Fevroniya

The Legend of the Invisible City of Kitezh and the Maiden Fevroniya (Сказание о невидимом граде Китеже и деве Февронии ) is an opera in four acts by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov. The libretto was written by Vladimir Belsky, and is based on a combination of two Russian legends: those of Saint Fevroniya of Murom and of the city of Kitezh, which became invisible when attacked by the Tatars. The opera was completed in 1905, and the premiere performance took place at the Mariinsky Theatre in St. Petersburg, on February 7, 1907, the last in Rimsky-Korsakov's lifetime.

Composition history
Rimsky-Korsakov and Belsky first became interested in writing an opera on the Kitezh legend during the winter of 1898-1899, while they were working on the libretto to The Tale of Tsar Saltan. The idea of combining the legend of Saint Fevroniya of Murom into the story was part of the project from the beginning. The project remained in the minds of both composer and the librettist, but would have to wait until 1903 until serious work could begin. During the period between 1898 and the beginning of 1903, the composer was occupied with the composition of the operas The Tale of Tsar Saltan, Servilia, Kashchey the Immortal and Pan Voyevoda. In his My Musical Life, Rimsky-Korsakov mentions "In the midst of work on Pan Voyevoda Belsky and I pondered intensively the subject of The Tale of the Invisible City of Kityezh and of the Maiden Fyevroniya." Rimsky-Korsakov had written a rough draft of the first act by the end of summer, and Belsky had completed the libretto by spring. By summer of 1904, Rimsky-Korsakov had finished the composition of the second tableau of Act III and was orchestrating the opera. During the summer of 1905, while writing his Principles of Orchestration, Rimsky-Korsakov also polished the orchestral score to Kitezh, and made a clean final copy to send to the printers.

Performance history
The world premiere was given in Saint Petersburg, Russia at the Mariinsky Theatre on 20 February (O.S. 7 February), 1907. The scenic designers were Konstantin Korovin and Apollinary Vasnetsov. A year later, the opera was given its premiere at the Bolshoy Theatre, Moscow, Russia on 15 February 1908. Scenic designers were Korovin, Klodt, Vasnetsov. The first performance out of Russia took place at Barcelona's Gran Teatre del Liceu, February 1926. In South America it was premiered at Buenos Aires's Teatro Colón in 1929. Earl V. Moore led the Chicago Symphony Orchestra in the U.S. premiere on May 21, 1932, at Hill Auditorium in Ann Arbor, Michigan. It was also performed in New York in 1995 at the Brooklyn Academy of Music (BAM) in a production that featured the orchestra, chorus, and soloists of the Kirov Opera, conducted by Artistic Director Valery Gergiev, and featuring soloist Galina Gorchakova. The first London performance, under Albert Coates, was a concert presentation in 1926. It was not performed in London again until 1994, when Gergiev and his Kirov Opera ensemble gave a performance, in concert again, at London's Barbican. The only staged performance in the UK took place at the Edinburgh Festival with the Kirov and Gergiev in 1995.

The Bregenz Festival presented it in 1995 in a production by Harry Kupfer conducted by Vladimir Fedoseyev with Elena Prokina as Fevroyniya, described by the Opera reviewer as "thrilling from start to finish".

Roles
Source:

Critical analysis
Kitezh is arguably Rimsky-Korsakov's finest opera, often being referred to as "the Russian Parsifal; however, it is not part of the standard operatic repertoire outside Russia. Stylistically, it is more representative of Rimsky-Korsakov's work than the better-known The Golden Cockerel. In its use of Russian history and legend, Oriental exoticism, and a mix of the real and the supernatural, the work has been called a "summation of the nationalistic operatic tradition of Glinka and The Five." Rimsky-Korsakov considered the work to be his final artistic statement, not planning to write another opera until unexpectedly inspired to write The Golden Cockerel as a satire of current political events in Russia. Although the composer often made use of fairy tale, Kitezh is the only one of his operas to make exclusive use of supernatural or religious themes. Simon Morrison points out that in spite of the Christian themes, "[t]his was a secular heaven."

Synopsis

 * Time: Summer of the 6751st year of the creation of the world
 * Place: Unspecified location beyond the Volga River

Prelude
'Hymn to the Wilderness', an orchestral depiction of the scenery of forest wilderness.

Act 1
Kerzhenskii Woods

These wild forests with dense thickets and bogs are the home of Fevronia (and her "brother", a treecreeper), who lives in a hut. She is besotted with dreams and poetical fancies, and is a daughter of nature, being on friendly terms with the birds and wild animals, and knowing all the mysteries of the forest. One day she meets a young prince in the forest, who has been hunting and has lost his way. He is Vsevolod, son of Prince Yuri of Kitezh, and he falls for her beauty, spiritual integrity and love of people and of nature. They sing a love duet, in which he places a ring on her finger, but this is interrupted by the sound of the hunting party from afar. He bids her farewell and goes to find the party, while she learns to whom she has become betrothed.

Act 2
Little Kitezh on the Volga

Holiday festivities are going on in the market square in this place, because the wedding procession of Princess Fevronia is expected to come through. The people crowd around the buffoon and laugh at the bear's antics. An old psaltery-player comes and sings a solemn song. The rich townsfolk, who think Prince Vsevolod should have married a girl with better family connections, persuade Grishka Kuterma (the local drunkard) to mock the princess. The procession approaches to the sound of bells, and (in an old custom) the wedding guests throw honey-cakes, ribbons and coins into the crowd as the bride's 'ransom'. The people chase away Grishka and the procession takes up a wedding song.

Suddenly the merrymaking is interrupted as the town is surrounded by an army of invading Tatars. There is a sorrowful lamenting chorus of the people. Fevronia is captured by the Tatars and is racked by anxiety for the fate of her bridegroom and the city of Greater Kitezh, which the Tatars will attack next. Grishka agrees to betray Russia and to lead the Tatars to the city, while Fevronia prays that it be rendered invisible.

Act 3
Scene 1 - Great Kitezh

Hearing of the invasion, the people of Greater Kitezh gather in the main square in arms, in dead of night. The prince's huntsman Fyodor Poyarok, whom the Tatars have blinded, tells them of the atrocities committed at Little Kitezh. A boy announces that the Tatars approach. The people prepare for battle, and the Prince leads a battalion which sings a chorus of resolution to fight to the end. Then, a golden fog rises over the Lake and shrouds the city, hiding it from the enemy: only the church bells drone faintly. A fierce battle breaks out on the banks of the river Kherzhenets. A symphonic interlude, composed around the battle-song theme and another representing the Tatar hordes, depicts the grim scene, and introduces:

Scene 2 - At the lake Svetlyi Iar

After a long trek through the wilderness, Grishka has led the Tatars to the edge of the lake. Unable to see the city for the fog, the Tatars accuse him of treachery and tie him to a tree, intending to kill him in the morning. They make fires and share out their loot. Two of the Tatar leaders, Burundai and Bedyai, quarrel over Fevronia and Bedyai is slain. The Tatars, preparing for night, sing a dismal song about ravens flocking to carnage. They sleep, and Fevronia is heard mourning Vsevolod, who has fallen in battle. Grishka, tormented by fear and remorse, begs her to release him, and she does so believing that kindness will heal his soul. But he is haunted by nightmares, in which the chimes of the Kitezh bells become distorted in his brain. He rushes to drown himself, but stops at the shore as the dawn shows that while the city remains invisible, the reflection of the city can be seen in the water, and the bells ring out ever louder. The Tatars are stricken with fear by the sight and disperse.

Act 4
Scene 1 - Kerzhenskii Woods

In pitch darkness Fevronia and Grishka, exhausted, struggle through the wilderness. Grishka is delirious, and after singing a song about the devil and dancing wildly he runs off screaming. Fevronia is lulled to sleep by the sounds of the forest. In her dream the scene is transformed, with fantastic blossoming flowers, candles in the trees, and fairy songbirds. The mythical bird of sorrow, Alkonost, appears to tell her she must die. She welcomes death, and her prince appears to lead her to Kitezh. A second bird, Sirin, promises immortality. The enchantment comes out irresistibly in the Symphonic Interlude leading to:

Scene 2 - The Invisible City

The scene is in the legendary city of beautiful people with gracious hearts. Fevronia and Vsevolod, Prince Yuri and Fyodor Poyarok all reappear. Fevronia sends a message of hope to Grishka, telling him that one day he too will find the way to the Invisible City. Vsevolod leads his bride to the altar with wedding songs, and a Hymn of Joy, as a solemn chorus, ends the opera. Good, Love and Justice are victorious.

Principal arias and numbers

 * Introduction: "Paean to the wilderness", «Похвала пустыне»

Act 1
 * Song: "Oh, my forest, beautiful wilderness" «Ах ты лес, мой лес, пустыня прекрасная» (Fevroniya)

Act 3
 * "Threnody": O vain illusion of glory and grandeur" (Prince Yuri)
 * Entr'acte: "The Battle of Kerzhenets", «Сеча при Керженце»

Act 4
 * Entr'acte: "Walking in the Invisible City" «Хождение в невидимый град»

Recordings
Audio Recordings:

 * 1955, Samuel Samosud (conductor) Choir and orchestra of the All-Union Radio. Alexander Vedernikov (Prince Yury), Vladimir Ivanovsky (Prince Vsevolod), Natalya Rozhdestvenskaya (Fevroniya), Dmitri Tarkhov (Grishka Kutyerma), Ilya Bogdanov (Fyodor Poyarok), Boris Dobrin (Balladeer), Lidia Melnikova (Youth), Leonid Ktitorov (Bedyay), Sergey Krasovsky (Burundai), Nina Kulagina (Alkonost).
 * 1956, Vassili Nebolsin (conductor), Moscow Radio and Chorus, Ivan Petrov (Prince Yury), Vladimir Ivanovsky (Prince Vsevolod), Natalya Rozhdestvenskaya (Fevroniya), Dmitri Tarkhov (Grishka Kutyerma), Ilya Bogdanov (Fyodor Poyarok), Boris Dobrin (Balladeer), L. Melnikova (Youth), V. Shevtsov (Merchant I), Sergei Koltipin (Merchant II), Tikhon Chernyakov (Bear Handler), Mikhail Skazin (Beggar), Leonid Ktitorov (Bedyay), Boris Dobrin (Bard), Gennady Troitzky (Burundai), Mariya Zvenzdina (Sirin), Nina Kulagina (Alkonost). (USSR MK LPs set ТУ35, XП558-63, Д06489-Д06496). (CD box set with three discs issued in 2007 by Preiser Records. )
 * 1986, Edward Downes (conductor), BBC Orchestra and Chorus, Malcolm King (Prince Yury), Howard Haskin (Prince Vsevolod), Kathryn Harries (Fevroniya), Anthony Roden (Grishka Kutyerma), Fiona Kimm (Youth). (Studio recording created for radio broadcast; never commercially released)
 * 1983, Yevgeni Svetlanov (Conductor), Bolshoi Orchestra and Chorus, Alexander Verdernikov (Prince Yuri), Evgeni Raikov (Prince Vsevolod), Galina Kalinina (Fevronia), Vladislav Piavko (Grishka Kutyerma), Mikhail Maslov (Fypdor Poyarok). Recorded live at the Bolshoi Theatre December 25, 1983. Issued by Melodiya (LP); Le Chant du Monde (CD)
 * 1983, Yevgeni Svetlanov (Conductor), Bolshoi Orchestra and Chorus, Yuri Stanfik (Prince Yuri), Pavel Kudryavchenko (Prince Vsevolod), Makvala Kasrashvili (Fevronia). Recorded live at the Bolshoi Theatre December 27, 1983. Issued by Melodia (LP only).
 * 1994, Valery Gergiev (conductor), Kirov Orchestra and Chorus, Nicolay Okhotnikov (Prince Yury), Yury Marusin (Prince Vsevolod), Galina Gorchakova (Fevroniya), Vladimir Galouzine (Grishka Kutyerma), Nicolay Putilin (Fyodor Poyarok), Mikhail Kit (Gusli player), Olga Korzhenskaya (Page), Evgeny Boytsov, Evgeny Fyodorov (Merchants), Nicolay Gassiev (Bear Handler), Grigory Karasev (Beggar), Bulat Minjilkiev (Bedyay), Vladimir Ognovyenko (Burundai), Tatyana Kravtsova (Sirin), Larissa Diadkova (Alkonost). Live performance at the Rimsky-Korsakov Festival, February, 1994, St. Petersburg (Philips 462 225-2).
 * 2010, Alexander Vedernikov (conductor), Orchestra e Coro del Teatro Lirico di Cagliari, Mikhail Kazakov (Prince Yury),Vitaly Panfilov (Prince Vsevolod), Tatiana Monogarova (Fevroniya), Mikhail Gubsky (Grishka Kutyerma), Gevorg Hakobyan (Fyodor Poyarok), Alexander Naumenko (Burunday), Valery Gilmanov (Bedyay).Live performance, May,2008.(Naxos Records).

Video Recordings

 * 1995, Valery Gergiev, Conductor and artistic director. Recorded, Mar. 4, 1995, at Howard Gilman Opera House, Brooklyn Academy of Music, Brooklyn, N.Y. Galina Gorchakova (Fevronia), Vladimir Galusin (Prince Vsevolod Yurievich), Gennady Bezzubenkov (Prince Yuri Vsevolodovich), Konstantin Pluzhnikov (Grishka Kuterma), Nikolai Putilin (Fyodor Poyarok), Nikolai Gassiev (Man with the bear), Aleksandr Morozov (Gusliar), Mikhail Kit (Beggar singer), Yevgeny Boitsov, Yevgeny Fedotov (Nobles), Marianna Tarasova (Young boy), Vladimir Ognovenko (Burunday), Bulat Minzhilkiev (Bedyay), Larissa Diadkova (Alkonost), Marina Shaguch (Sirin). Stage director, Alexei Stepaniuk ; set designer, Mart Kitaev ; costume designer, Irina Cherednikova. DVD (https://worldcat.org/title/747992605 )
 * 2011, Naxos Rights International, [Hong Kong]. Alexander Vedernikov, conductor. Mikhail Kazakov (Prince Yury Vsevolodovich) ; Vitaly Panfilov (hereditary prince Vsevolod Yuryevich) ; Tatiana Monogarova (Febronya) ; Mikhail Gubsky (Grishka Kuterma) ; Gevorg Hakobyan (Fyodor Poyarok) ; Alexander Naumenko (Burunday) ; supporting soloists ; Orchestra e Coro del Teatro lirico di Cagliari. Recorded May 2, 4, 2008, Teatro lirico di Cagliari, Sardinia. DVD (https://worldcat.org/title/862726478)
 * 2014, Opus Arte,  [London]. Marc Albrecht, conductor. Vladimir Vaneev (Prince Yuri Vsevolodovich) ; Maxim Aksenov (Prince Vsevolod Yuryevich) ; Svetlana Ignatovich (Fevroniya) ; John Daszak (Grishka Kuterma) ; Alexey Markov (Fyodor Poyarok) ; Mayram Sokolova (page) ; Morschi Franz, Peter Arink (nobelmen) ; Gennady Bezzubenkov (gusli player) ; Hubert Francis (bear handler) ; Iurii Samoilov (singing beggar) ; Ante Jerkunica (Bedyay) ; Vladimir Ognovenko (Burunday) ; Jennifer Check (Sirin) ; Margarita Nekrasova (Alkonost) ; Chorus of De Nederlandse Opera ; Netherlands Concert Choir ; Netherlands Philharmonic Orchestra. Released on Blu-Ray (https://worldcat.org/title/1027967071 ) and DVD ( https://worldcat.org/title/945918641 ).


text:
User talk:Tryasyoumay

Welcome
Hello , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! You 21:08, Jun 9, 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Tryasyoumay


text:
Spidron

 * This article discusses the geometric figure; for the science-fiction character see Spidron (character).

In geometry, a spidron is a continuous flat geometric figure composed entirely of triangles, where, for every pair of joining triangles, each has a leg of the other as one of its legs, and neither has any point inside the interior of the other. A deformed spidron is a three-dimensional figure sharing the other properties of a specific spidron, as if that spidron were drawn on paper, cut out in a single piece, and folded along a number of legs.

Origin and development

"A standard spidron consists of two alternating, adjoining sequences of equilateral and isosceles triangles."

It was first modelled in 1979 by Dániel Erdély, as a homework presented to Ernő Rubik, for Rubik's design class, at the Hungarian University of Arts and Design (now: Moholy-Nagy University of Art and Design). Erdély also gave the name "Spidron" to it, when he discovered it in the early 70s. The name originates from the English names of spider and spiral, because the shape is reminiscent of a spider web. The term ends with the affix "-on" as in polygon.

"A spidron is a plane figure consisting of an alternating sequence of equilateral and isosceles (30°, 30°, 120°) triangles. Within the figure, one side of a regular triangle coincides with one of the sides of an isosceles triangle, while another side coincides with the hypotenuse of another, smaller isosceles triangle. The sequence can be repeated any number of times in the direction of the smaller and smaller triangles, and the entire figure is centrally projected through the mid-point of the base of the largest unilateral triangle."

In his initial work Erdély started with a hexagon. He combined every corner with the after-next one. In a two-dimensional plane a tessellation with hexagon-spidrons is possible. The form is known from many works by M.C. Escher, who devoted himself to such bodies of high symmetry. Due to their symmetry spidrons are also an interesting object for mathematicians.

The spidrons can appear in a very large number of versions, and the different formations make possible the development of a great variety of plane, spatial and mobile applications. These developments are suitable to perform aesthetic and practical functions that are defined in advance by the consciously selected arrangements of all the possible characteristics of symmetry. The spidron system is under the protection of several know-how and industrial pattern patents; Spidron is a registered trademark. It was awarded a gold medal at the exhibition Genius Europe in 2005. It has been presented in a number of art magazines, conferences and international exhibitions. During the last two years it has also appeared, in several versions, as a public area work. Since spidron-system is the personal work by Dániel Erdély but in the development of the individual formations he worked together with several Hungarian, Dutch, Canadian and American colleagues, the exhibition is a collective product in a sense, several works and developments are a result of an international team-work.

The spidron is constructed from two semi-spidrons sharing a long side, with one rotated 180 degrees to the other. If the second semi-spidron is reflected in the long side instead of rotated, the result is a "hornflake". Deformed spidrons or hornflakes can be used to construct polyhedra called spidrohedra or hornhedra. Some of these polyhedra are space fillers.

A semi-spidron may have infinitely many triangles. Such spidronized polyhedra have infinitely many faces and are examples of apeirohedra.

Practical use
Considering the use of spidrons Daniel Erdély enumerated several possible applications:

"It has been raised repeatedly that several layers of spidron reliefs could be used as shock dampers or crumple zones in vehicles. Its space-filling properties make it suitable for the construction of building blocks or toys. The surface could be used to create an adjustable acoustic wall or a system of solar cells that follow the sun in a simple manner. Various folding buildings and static structures could also be developed on the basis of my geometric investigation which may have utility in space travel."

title: Spidron


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Talk:Earned income tax credit

Globalize or U.S.
I was going to add a UStaxation template to the article as it was in the Taxation in the United States Category but it seems like it may be a global article, yet it starts with U.S. If it is a global article, I would change the CAT to just Taxation and add the Public finance template. Morphh  (talk) 2:13, 04 February 2008 (UTC)

Feb. 2009 changes in EIC under Pres. Obama
IRS Marks EITC Awareness Day; Highlights Expanded Tax Credit, IRS.gov, Jan. 29, 2010. “ .  .  For tax years 2009 and 2010, the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act created a new category for families with three or more children and expanded the maximum benefit for this category. . ”

American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, CCH Tax Briefing, Feb. 17, 2009, page 3.

Tax Planning Opportunities Under The Stimulus Plan Eisner LLP Partners, “This legislative summary was authored by Eisner LLP partners Marie Arrigo, Jay Bakst, Carolyn Dolci, John Forry. . .” et al, March 1, 2009, see item 5. toward the middle: “The ARRA provides for an increase in the earned income tax credit for 2009 and 2010 for a family with three or more children, to 45 percent from 40 percent of the family's first $12,570 of earned income, with a phase-out of the credit beginning at an increased amount of $21,420 in income for couples filing a joint return.”

http://www.whitehouse.gov/assets/documents/Public_Law-111-5.pdf '''SEC. 1002. TEMPORARY INCREASE IN EARNED INCOME TAX CREDIT.''' (a) IN GENERAL.—Subsection (b) of section 32 is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph: ‘‘(3) SPECIAL RULES FOR 2009 AND 2010.—In the case of any taxable year beginning in 2009 or 2010— ‘‘(A) INCREASED CREDIT PERCENTAGE FOR 3 OR MORE QUALIFYING CHILDREN.—In the case of a taxpayer with 3 or more qualifying children, the credit percentage is 45 percent. ‘‘(B) REDUCTION OF MARRIAGE PENALTY.— ‘‘(i) IN GENERAL.—The dollar amount in effect under paragraph (2)(B) shall be $5,000. ‘‘(ii) INFLATION ADJUSTMENT.—In the case of any taxable year beginning in 2010, the $5,000 amount in clause (i) shall be increased by an amount equal to— ‘‘(I) such dollar amount, multiplied by ‘‘(II) the cost of living adjustment determined under section 1(f)(3). . .  "

Average incomes and taxes CBO Study 2009
What is the relevance of the table "Average incomes and taxes CBO Study 2009"? Might be useful if earned income tax credit were actually included here, but it isn't.

Since this table does not have any clear connection to the article, I deleted it. Michael-Zero (talk) 05:21, 29 December 2018 (UTC)

Commented out content
There are eight (8) commented-out sections in this article, only one of which appears to be a note to editors. Why are they there? I suggest that most such content should either be removed if it's truly extraneous (it's already invisible to readers!) or made into footnotes. Micler (talk) 17:35, 9 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Earned income tax credit


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James Randolph Reid

James Randolph Reid (August 11, 1750 – January 25, 1789) was an American soldier during the Revolutionary War. He later served as a delegate for Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress from 1787 until 1789.

Formative years and the American Revolution
Reid was born on August 11, 1750 in Hamilton Township in what was then York County, Pennsylvania. He graduated from the College of New Jersey (now Princeton) in 1775 and joined the Continental Army as a lieutenant. He rose to the rank of major, and was second in command of Congress' Own Regiment.

Post-war life and death
After the war, Reid was one of the veterans who received a patent or land grant. He took his land in Middlesex Township of Cumberland County, Pennsylvania after his discharge in 1781. This remained his home for the remainder of his life.

In 1787, the Pennsylvania legislature appointed him as one of its delegates to the Continental Congress; he held this honor for three years until his death in 1789.

title: James Randolph Reid


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XFM Manchester

XFM Manchester was an Independent Local Radio station broadcasting alternative and indie music to Manchester in North West England.

It built on the brand and format established by XFM London. The majority of programming was shared but some was produced specifically for Manchester. At its launch in 2006 it was owned by GCap Media, and later became part of the Global Radio group.

In September 2015 the station was replaced, along with XFM London, by Radio X.

Launch
XFM Manchester was awarded a 12-year (until 2017) FM radio licence on 9 June 2005, beating 18 rival bids. Established local radio presenter Terry Christian was cited in the licence application document but he remained at the relaunched BBC Radio Manchester.

Before its launch 20 February 2006, XFM Manchester began occasional technical test transmissions consisting of a playlist of songs chosen to appeal to its audience. XFM Manchester was officially launched at 8 am on 15 March 2006. A collage of Manchester related clips was played, and I Am the Resurrection by The Stone Roses, and Song 2 by Blur. The first presenter on air was Paul Tonkinson with guest Shaun Ryder of the Happy Mondays. Launch events were held all day across Manchester, including a world record attempt in Albert Square hosted by Bez to shake the most number of maracas at any one time.

Some presenters were formerly members of Manchester bands and institutions, including Inspiral Carpets' keyboard player Clint Boon, Elbow's frontman Guy Garvey, The Smiths' bass player Andy Rourke, Factory Records boss Tony Wilson, and The Haçienda's Dave Haslam.

Transmitter and studios
XFM was initially broadcast from studios at Laser House in Salford Quays, the same building as Century 105.4. But after Century was sold by GCap Media to GMG in late 2006, the two stations ceased to share resources, and XFM Manchester moved to studios at the nearby Exchange Quay, also in Salford. After Global Radio acquired the station, it moved the operations of its own Capital FM Manchester to the same site.

XFM Manchester's 1 kW transmitter is situated on the roof of City Tower, formerly the Sunley Building, overlooking Piccadilly Gardens in the city centre, the same place as Capital FM Manchester and 106.1 Rock Radio's transmitter. All three services share the same broadcast antenna system situated on the centre's tower which is illuminated with red Aircraft warning lights at night. XFM's analogue signal is available to an estimated 1.3 million people over the age of 15.

XU and daytime networking
In May 2007, the then-owner of XFM Manchester, GCap Media, announced that all local presenters would be removed from the daytime (10 am-4 pm) lineup. Instead, an interactive show, incorporating listener requests via the website and phone in, 'vox-pops', live music and entertainment news would be broadcast. This show, named XU, was launched later that month. It received mixed reviews, and was eventually dropped a year later, replaced with networked daytime content sourced from XFM London.

Manchester United commentary
In August 2007, XFM Manchester acquired the rights from 105.4 Century FM to broadcast commentary from all Manchester United games, as an adjunct to the station's usual music programming, with commentary provided by presenters including Mickey Thomas. The contract ran for one season with Key 103 becoming United's official commentary partner for 2008–11.

Planned sale by GCap and Global takeover
In February 2008 GCap Media announced it would be selling the analogue licence for the station. This decision was blamed on GCap's desire to cut costs while trying to fight off a takeover bid by rival group Global Radio. Once Global's takeover of GCap succeeded, the decision to sell XFM Manchester was reversed.

Notable presenters

 * Clint Boon
 * Jo Good
 * Dave Rowntree
 * Phil Clifton
 * Andy Rourke
 * Adam Cole
 * Darryl Morris
 * Guy Garvey
 * Russ Winstanley
 * Tony Wilson
 * Mick Rock
 * Lauren Laverne
 * Mike Sweeney
 * Jason Manford
 * Paul Tonkinson
 * Dave Haslam
 * Mike McClean
 * Pete Mitchell

title: XFM Manchester


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Talk:Dodge Aries

Previously unsectioned comments
I put a picture I had of my aunt's Plymouth Reliant up in this article as it's basically the same thing as a Dodge Aires. I was thinking that way people would get an idea what an Aires looks like. But if someone has a photo of an Aires, feel free to replace the Reliant photo with the Aires photo. JesseG 21:09, Jun 9, 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks, Jesster! --SFoskett 01:53, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)

 * Uh oh, you're in biiiig trouble now. Now to track down a real aries. --matador300 22:46, 25 July 2006 (UTC)

 * I own a 1981 Aries in great shape with a vinyl roof... Should I upload a pic of it? R Landgren 14:30, 7 October 2007 (UTC)

hi jesster i am mark from the phiippines i have a 1986 dodge aries. I am just wondering do you know what problems occuring in a aries because it was just given to me by my dad. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 125.5.56.98 (talk) 03:31, 26 January 2008 (UTC)

Aries is now a midsize
WP editors so far have dubbed the Aries and K as compact, but it had midsize room, and EPA also categorized it so. Need to reverse the colossal WP mistake of stating the Aries was replaced by the teenie Shadow rather than the nearly identical, but slightly longer Spirit. Have fun and go with the flow, don't have a cow, man. Guy with the white hat.--matador300 22:45, 25 July 2006 (UTC)

Not so fast at removing pictures
Apolloboy removed a very nice, informative ad, and the gallery at the bottom.

What's up with the pictures? I believe they added a lot to it, and that you have decreased the information content and quality by deleting them? What's youre reasoning here? If you believe in a "cease fire" the ad was mine, though I will stand up for the gallery as well as you can clearly see the differences in generations with those pictures, including the cheap Audi 5000 styling theme on the 2nd generation. No sense in an edit war, but I request you put them back.

I will add a link to the ad if it is not replaced, I would use the gallery pictures in the text rather than as a gallery. --matador300 22:13, 7 August 2006 (UTC)

Stalling Out in the Fog
I was surprised not to see any mention of the problem that Aries were famous for--stalling out in rainy or foggy weather. I still occasionally hear this joke: "what do you get when you cross a Chrysler with a Mercedes? An $80,000 car that stalls in the fog." I know nothing about what caused this problem, though, so I can't tackle adding it. But can someone confirm that this was a well-known issue? —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Free-world (talk • contribs) 15:08, 6 February 2007 (UTC).

Proposed merger with Plymouth Reliant
Like the cars themselves, this article is nearly identical to the Plymouth Reliant article. Mark Mentovai (talk) 02:28, 28 April 2009 (UTC)

I support the merger, on the basis that both the articles and the subjects are virtually identical. Oldlaptop321 (talk) 14:45, 21 May 2009 (UTC)

title: Talk:Dodge Aries


text: Talk:Edwin Catmull

title: Talk:Edwin Catmull


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André Glucksmann

André Glucksmann (19 June 1937 – 10 November 2015) was a French philosopher, activist, and writer. He was a leading figure of the new philosophers. Glucksmann began his career as a Marxist, who went on to reject Marxism–Leninism and real socialism in the popular book La Cuisinière et le Mangeur d'Hommes (1975), and later became an anti-Communist and outspoken critic of the Soviet Union and post-Soviet Russian foreign policy. He was a strong supporter of human rights. In later years, he opposed the claim that Islamic terrorism is the product of the clash of civilizations between Islam and the Western world.

Early years
André Glucksmann was born in 1937 in Boulogne-Billancourt, the son of Ashkenazi Jewish parents from Austria-Hungary. His father was from Czernowitz in northern Bukovina, which later became part of Romania and is now in Ukraine, and his mother from Prague, which later became the capital of Czechoslovakia.

Glucksmann's father was killed in World War II, and his mother and sister were active in the French Resistance. The family "narrowly escaped deportation to the camps" during the Holocaust, which influenced Glucksmann's developing ideas of "the state as the ultimate source of barbarism". He studied at the Lycée la Martinière in Lyon, and later enrolled at École normale supérieure de Saint-Cloud. His first book, Le Discours de la Guerre, was published in 1968.

Early career
In 1975, Glucksmann published the anti-Communist book La Cuisinière et le Mangeur d'Hommes, which was subtitled Réflexions sur l'État, le marxisme et les camps de concentration, in which he argued that Marxism–Leninism leads inevitably to totalitarianism, tracing parallels between the crimes of Nazism and Communist states. In his next book, Les maitres penseurs, published in 1977 and translated into English as Master Thinkers (Harper & Row, 1980), he traced the intellectual justification for totalitarianism back to the ideas articulated by various German philosophers, such as Fichte, Hegel, Marx, and Nietzsche. In the years of the Vietnam War, Glucksmann rose to national prominence after expressing his support for Vietnamese boat people. He began working with Bernard-Henri Lévy criticizing communism. Both had formerly been well known Marxists. Shortly afterwards, they became known, along with others of their generation who rejected Marxism, as New Philosophers, a term coined by Lévy.

1980s and 1990s
In 1985, Glucksmann signed a petition to then United States president Ronald Reagan urging him to continue his support for the Contras in Nicaragua. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, Glucksmann became an advocate for the use of nuclear power. In 1995, he supported the resumption of nuclear tests by the-then French president Jacques Chirac. He supported the NATO intervention in Serbia in 1999. He also called for Chechnya to become independent.

Philosophy
In his book Dostoyevsky in Manhattan, Glucksmann asserts that nihilism, particularly as depicted by Dostoyevsky in his novels Demons and The Brothers Karamazov, is the 'characteristic form' of modern terrorism. Drawing on Ivan Karamazov's dictum that "If there is no God, everything is permitted", Glucksmann argues: "The inner nature of nihilistic terrorism is that everything is permissible, whether because God exists and I am his representative, or because God does not exist and I take his place."

His 2006 book Une rage d'enfant is an autobiography which talks about how his experiences as a young Jew in occupied France led to his interest in philosophy and his belief in the importance of intervention. He wrote: "My style of thinking is to compare what happens on the TV, in the news and so on, and then extract what I can from books of philosophers to understand it. Philosophy for me is like subtitles. The problem comes from current events but the answer is supplied by philosophy."

Glucksmann criticised the notion that Islamic terrorism is a product of the clash of civilizations between Islam and the West, arguing that the first victims of Islamic terrorism are Muslims. He wrote: "Why do the 200,000 slaughtered Muslims of Darfur not arouse even half a quarter of the fury caused by 200-times fewer dead in Lebanon? Must we deduce that Muslims killed by other Muslims don't count – whether in the eyes of Muslim authorities or viewed through the bad conscience of the West?"

Later years
Glucksmann supported military action by the West in Afghanistan and Iraq, and was highly critical of Russian foreign policy, supporting for example Chechen independence. He was against the Abkhazian and South Ossetian independence from Georgia, arguing that Georgia is essential to maintaining European Union "energy independence", vis-a-vis Russia, through access to oil and gas reserves in the former Soviet republics, stating: "If Tbilisi falls, there will be no way to get around Gazprom and guarantee autonomous access to the gas and petroleum wealth of Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, and Kazakhstan."

As evidence of Russia's plans to use energy blackmail, Glucksmann referenced a biting anti-Gazprom satirical song performed at the annual satirical award show "Silver Rubber Boot", which made jokes like: "If the Eurovision Song Contest denies victory to Russia again, we are going to drive to their concert and block their gas with our bodies!" Glucksmann cited this as evidence that the Russian people want to cut off gas to Ukraine and Europe. He wrote: "Consider a popular song performed by a military choir in Moscow. Its chorus depicts the 'radiant future' that Gazprom is preparing: 'Europe has a problem with us? We will cut off its gas...' The Russian public loves the song."

Glucksmann supported Nicolas Sarkozy for the 2007 French presidential election. In August 2008, he co-signed an open letter with Václav Havel, Desmond Tutu, and Wei Jingsheng calling upon the Chinese authorities to respect human rights both during and after the 2008 Summer Olympics. He was also a signatory of the Prague Declaration on European Conscience and Communism.

Death
Glucksmann died in Paris on 10 November 2015 at the age of 78. In reaction to his death, the-then French president François Hollande said that Glucksmann always "listened to the suffering of peoples". Former president and opposition leader Nicolas Sarkozy commented on Glucksmann's death by saying: "[Glucksmann] turned a page in French thought from the second half of the 20th Century."

Works
Note: Many of his works were translated into German by his long-term colleague Helmut Kohlenberger.
 * Voltaire Counter-Attacks (Voltaire contre-attaque) (2014)
 * A Child's Rage (Une rage d'enfant) (2006)
 * The Discourse of Hate (Le Discours de la haine) (2004)
 * West Versus West (Ouest contre Ouest) (2003)
 * Dostoevsky in Manhattan (Dostoïevski à Manhattan) (2002)
 * The Third Death of God (La Troisième Mort de Dieu) (2000)
 * Silence, Killing in Process (Silence, on tue) (1986) (with Thierry Wolton)
 * Stupidity (La Bêtise) (1985)
 * Cynicism and Passion (Cynisme et passion) (1981/1999)
 * The Force of Vertigo (La Force du vertige) (1983)
 * The Master Thinkers (Les Maîtres penseurs) (1977)

Interviews

 * "An Interview with Andre Glucksman". Telos 33 (Fall 1977). New York: Telos Press

title: André Glucksmann