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Percy LeSueur

Percivale St-Helier LeSueur (November 21, 1881 – January 27, 1962), known as "Peerless Percy", was a  Canadian senior and professional ice hockey goaltender and later involved in the game as referee, coach, manager and owner. He was a member of the Smiths Falls Seniors for three years, with whom his performance in a 1906 Stanley Cup challenge series attracted the attention of his opponents, the Ottawa Silver Seven. Although his team lost the series, LeSueur excelled in goal, keeping the games close. Nine days after the defeat, he joined the Silver Seven and played in a challenge match against the Montreal Wanderers. He remained with Ottawa through the 1913–14 season where he served as team captain for three seasons, and assumed coaching duties in his final season with the team.

LeSueur was traded to the Toronto Ontarios (who later changed their name to the Toronto Shamrocks mid-season) for the 1914–15 season. After playing the following season for the Toronto Blueshirts, he enlisted in the army and fought for Canada during the First World War. He returned to hockey following the conclusion of the war, serving in various roles including referee, coach, manager, arena manager, and hockey journalist. He coached ten games in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Hamilton Tigers. As a journalist, he was the first reporter to include shots on goal statistics in game summaries.

During his playing career, LeSueur improved upon existing ice hockey equipment: he invented the gauntlet-style goaltender glove which protected the forearms, and created and patented the LeSueur net which was designed to catch high-rising shots. LeSueur was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1961, and died a few months later following a lengthy illness.

Smiths Falls
Born in Quebec City, Quebec, on November 21, 1881, Percy LeSueur played amateur hockey in his hometown with several teams on the right wing, among them the Quebec Crescents and the Quebec Seconds. He scored a regular season goal with the Quebec Hockey Club (known as the Bulldogs) in 1901. For the 1903–04 season, he moved to Smiths Falls, Ontario, to play for the Seniors in the Ontario Hockey Association (OHA). When the team's usual goaltender fell ill, LeSueur agreed to play goal.

In March 1906, the Smiths Falls Seniors, as a member of the Federal Amateur Hockey League (FAHL), issued a challenge for the Stanley Cup to the Ottawa Silver Seven (during that era, teams were allowed to challenge the present Cup holder once a year for possession, provided they were part of a senior hockey association and had won their league championship). In the two-game, total goals series, Smiths Falls lost the first game 6–5, and the second game 8–2. Both games were played at Dey's Arena in Ottawa, on March 6 and 8. Despite giving up 14 goals during the series, LeSueur's work in net was impressive: the Montreal Star remarked that his performance in the first game had kept the Seniors in contention, noting that the "most spectacular saves of the match were made by [him]".

Ottawa
Following Smith Falls's loss in the challenge match against Ottawa, LeSueur, a bank clerk, moved 60 kilometres northeast along the rail line to Ottawa (during his playing years, it was customary for players to have an occupation outside of hockey). Impressed by his performance, the Silver Seven asked him to join their team. Ottawa had lost confidence in its previous goalkeeper, Billy Hague, following a 9–1 defeat at the hands of the Montreal Wanderers in the first game of their two-game, total-goals Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association (ECAHA) playoff series for control of the Stanley Cup. The Silver Seven called the timing of LeSueur's arrival a coincidence, but with an eight-goal lead in the series, the Wanderers did not protest LeSueur's eligibility.

In the second game, played on March 17, LeSueur surrendered an early goal to Moose Johnson but subsequently held the Wanderers scoreless while the Silver Seven scored nine straight goals to bring the two teams even. Harry Smith appeared to put Ottawa ahead 11–10, but what would have been his seventh goal of the game was disallowed by an offside call. The Wanderers responded with a "furious attack", resulting in Lester Patrick scoring two late goals, leading Montreal to a 12–10 series victory and the Stanley Cup. LeSueur was the first goaltender, and one of only two (with Hugh Lehman, 1909–10) to play for two different teams in Stanley Cup challenges in the same season.

LeSueur played for Ottawa through the 1913–14 season. He finished second in the Eastern Canada Amateur Hockey Association (ECAHA) in goals against average in his first season with Ottawa, giving up 54 in 10 games played. He repeated the feat in the 1907–08 season, with 51 goals against in 10 games. That season LeSueur was Ottawa's sole representative at the Hod Stuart Benefit All-Star Game, played on January 2. Stuart, a member of the Wanderers squad who won the Stanley Cup in 1907, had drowned in the previous off-season and the ECAHA responded by organizing an All-Star game, the first of its kind in any sport, with its proceeds going to Stuart's widow and their two children. The Wanderers defeated a team of All-Stars, made up of the top players of the league's other teams, 10–7. LeSueur remarked in the Ottawa Free Press that while joining the Silver Seven was his "biggest thrill", his participation in the All-Star Game came a "close second".

In the 1909 ECHA season, LeSueur won the Stanley Cup with Ottawa, now nicknamed the Senators, after the team led the league with 10 wins. During the same season, he wrote a 48-page booklet entitled How to Play Hockey, a work similar to Arthur Farrell's handbook Hockey: Canada's Royal Winter Game, the first book on ice hockey, which had appeared 10 years earlier. Published right before the start of the 1910–11 season, the book provided instructions on how to play every position, and contained photos of the star players of the era. LeSueur's book was particularly popular among youngsters.

LeSueur was named captain of the Senators for the 1910–11 season. The team led the regular season standings in the National Hockey Association (NHA) with 13 wins, regaining possession of the Stanley Cup. LeSueur was the league leader in goaltender wins in both the 1909 and 1910–11 seasons, having appeared in every game Ottawa played. During 1913–14, his last season with the Senators, LeSueur served as both the coach and captain of the team. He also led the NHA in goals against, though he only played 13 of the 20 games.

Toronto
LeSueur was traded to the Toronto Shamrocks for Fred Lake and $300, as the Ottawa club engaged Clint Benedict for its goaltender's job. At the time of the deal, LeSueur had been the last member of either the 1909 or 1911 Stanley Cup winning teams still in Ottawa. LeSueur helped the Shamrocks lower their goals against during the 1914–15 season, from 118 the previous season to 96 (more than one goal per game). However he still finished last among the six regular goalies that season in goals against. Coincidentally, LeSueur's last season with Ottawa also marked the end of the Stanley Cup challenge era. In Stanley Cup play, LeSueur had a 7–2 overall record and was undefeated in seven games with Ottawa.

After one season with the Shamrocks in 1914–15, LeSueur finished his playing career with the cross-town rival Toronto Blueshirts in 1915–16. He had a losing record with both Toronto clubs. LeSueur initially became a full-time practicing accountant after retiring as a player, but with the outbreak of the First World War in August 1914 enlisted with the 48th Highlanders, who served as the 134th Battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force. However he was redeployed to Divisional Headquarters to serve as a physical training and bayonet instructor. He was also recruited for the 228th Battalion, which fielded a team in the 1916–17 NHA season, and appeared in some team photos, but never played for them.

Post-war
Following the war, LeSueur returned to hockey in a variety of roles. Over time, he appeared as a referee, coach, manager, arena manager, and journalist. His first job was as a referee in the National Hockey League (NHL). Afterwards, he coached in the minor leagues and the NHL. In 1921, he was behind the bench when the Galt, Ontario, intermediate team won the Ontario Hockey Association (OHA) championship. He was appointed the Hamilton Tigers' head coach for the 1923–24 NHL season, but coached only the first 10 games of the 24-game schedule. When LeSueur was fired, the team had a 3–7 record, and finished the season last in the standings with an overall record of 9–15.

LeSueur went on to manage several arenas and guided the creation of new teams. As manager of the Windsor Arena and the Detroit Olympia, he helped assemble an ownership group that acquired the Victoria Cougars from the Western Hockey League (WHL) prior to the 1926–27 season. The team joined the NHL as the Detroit Cougars, now known as the Red Wings. During 1928–29, he managed the Peace Bridge Arena in Fort Erie, Ontario. He guided the Buffalo Bisons' entry as an inaugural member of the International Hockey League (IHL) when it split from the Canadian Professional Hockey League (CPHL), and served as the team's coach. In 1930, LeSueur and partners purchased the Hamilton Tigers IHL franchise and moved it to Syracuse, New York. LeSueur served the new Syracuse Stars as head coach for the 1930–31 season, but replaced himself mid-season with Frank Foyston. LeSueur also managed the Syracuse Arena. While he was an IHL coach, he used his spare players during game intermissions to explain the rules of hockey to new spectators.

Following his coaching and managing career, LeSueur turned to journalism. He was a columnist for The Hamilton Spectator, and was the first reporter to list shots on goal in game summaries. In addition to writing, he was a radio broadcaster. He used this role to help sell the game in regions without an ice hockey tradition. In 1931, LeSueur was an original member of Hockey Night in Canada's "Hot Stove League", a panel of hockey writers which discussed issues within hockey during intermissions.

He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1961 as a player. In 1968, he was posthumously inducted as one of the 55 original members of the Ottawa Sports Hall of Fame.

Playing style and innovations
During LeSueur's career, ice hockey rules forbade goalkeepers from lying, sitting, kneeling, or otherwise falling onto the ice to make a save. Forced to play a stand-up style, LeSueur was aggressive in goal and was sufficiently athletic to be able to stop two or three shots in quick succession. Hockey historian Bill Fitsell noted that he had an "intense roving style", playing the puck outside of his crease in a style popularized forty years later by Jacques Plante. His playing style was exemplified in a game against the Quebec Bulldogs, where LeSueur was reported to have sprinted towards and "floored" an opposing forward who was on a breakaway.

Described as a "thinking man's custodian", LeSueur is credited with two major innovations to ice hockey equipment. Around 1909, he experimented with using a baseball catcher's glove with extra padding to catch the puck. LeSueur later developed gauntlet-style gloves to protect the goaltender's forearms. He also designed the patented LeSueur net which was used from 1911 to 1925, first by the NHA and then its successor, the NHL. The net was designed to trap rising shots, with the rear frame 22 inches behind the goal mouth at the bottom of the net but only 17 inches at the top. Art Ross later improved on LeSueur's design, and his eponymous net was used by the NHL from 1927 to 1984.

Personal life
LeSueur died on January 27, 1962, in Hamilton, Ontario, following a lengthy illness, a few months after his induction into the Hockey Hall of Fame. In a Canadian Press obituary, fellow Hall of Famer Newsy Lalonde described him as "one [of] the best goalies he ever faced", and Cyclone Taylor, a teammate on the 1909 Stanley Cup-winning Senators team, stated that LeSueur would always be in goal whenever "he was asked to pick an All-Star team".

Percy, a Presbyterian, was married to Georgia LeSueur. His son, Steve Douglas, followed his father into radio broadcasting. At the time of his father's death, Douglas was a Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC) sports commentator. Through Steve, LeSueur had four grandchildren.

Coaching record
Source:

title: Percy LeSueur


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Wikipedia:Peer review/Geography of India/archive1

Geography of India
This was a former Indian COTW. I'll be adding maps in a short while. How is it? Feedback appreciated. = Nichalp ( Talk )= 13:21, Jun 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * It looks pretty good. An enjoyable read and plenty of content. I have to dispute the assertion about this being the world's youngest mountain range, however. The Cascade Range, for example, is only 7 million years old. But my main issue is that there appears to be no section specifically about about the political geography of India. — RJH 21:19, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I've added the political geography. I've also NPOV'd the claim of the youngest mountains; though many sites online preach that it is the youngest. = Nichalp  ( Talk )= 20:07, Jun 7, 2005 (UTC)

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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User:Gabeng

I am a physicist working on the field of high-intensity lasers and relativistic laser plasmas. I have never worked with wikis before but I find the idea of wikipedia very intriguing and will try to contribute as much as I can. Most of my contributions will be (laser) physics related, though.

title: User:Gabeng


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Elysia Clapin

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Trilobite (Talk) 15:20, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Elysia Clapin
Vanity -- Longhair | Talk 13:23, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete -- Longhair | Talk 13:23, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable 16-year-old. - Marcika 13:26, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete teenage vanity. --Etacar11 01:00, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text: User talk:70.186.149.161

title: User talk:70.186.149.161


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Brendan james ryan

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Trilobite (Talk) 15:21, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Brendan james ryan

 * Vanity biography article for non-notable 16-year-old. Delete Marcika 13:24, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Miscapitalisation strikes nine out of ten, delete. --W(t) 13:27, 2005 Jun 5 (UTC)
 * Delete teenage vanity. --Etacar11 01:03, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Unsigned comments by 62.252.64.16 — Phil Welch 22:31, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * no delete' having this hear isn't hurting anyone, so whats the problem
 * marcika and etacar, both your pages are vanity pages, If you delete the Brendan James Ryan, then both your pages should be deleted!
 * i agree, there should be no deletion with this article
 * here, here
 * All of the above unsigned comments are by 62.252.64.16, who clearly doesn't know the difference between an article and a user page. --Etacar11 19:31, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * no deletion 11:57, 10 jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. — Phil Welch 22:31, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: Bjr, you can register and have all the info in this article, and more, appear in the Wikipedia as your user page. -- Picapica 05:21, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Lady Caroline Paget

Lady Alexandra Mary Cecilia Caroline Paget (15 June 1913 – 22 May 1973) was an English socialite and actress.

Early life and family
Lady Caroline was born Lady Alexandra Mary Cecilia Caroline Paget on 15 June 1913. She was the eldest child of Charles Paget, 6th Marquess of Anglesey, and his wife, the former Lady Victoria Manners. Lady Caroline's mother was the daughter of Henry Manners, 8th Duke of Rutland.

Career
During the 1930s, she was a notable British socialite, and a minor actress. She was beloved of the artist Rex Whistler, who painted numerous portraits of her, including a startling nude, which is on display at Plas Newydd, (the ancestral home of the Marquess of Anglesey). Lady Caroline Paget was the unrequited love of Elizabeth Parrish Starr. There are several references to her in the published journals of Edith Olivier and The National Screen and Sound Archive of Wales has footage of short films featuring Caroline and her sister Elizabeth, as well as other material.

Personal life and death
On 14 July 1949, Lady Caroline married Sir Michael Duff, 3rd Baronet, becoming his second wife. Together they adopted one child, Charles Duff (b. 1950).

Lady Caroline Duff died on 22 May 1973, at the age of 59.

title: Lady Caroline Paget


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Herbie Lewis (ice hockey)

Herbert Albert Lewis (April 17, 1905 – January 20, 1991) was a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger who played for the Detroit Cougars/Falcons/Red Wings in the National Hockey League from 1928 to 1939. Born in Calgary, Alberta, Lewis journeyed to Duluth in 1924 and played with the Hornets in the USAHA where he was given the nickname "The Duke of Duluth."

Lewis was one of the fastest skaters of his day. He helped the Red Wings win the Stanley Cup in 1936 and 1937. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1989.

title: Herbie Lewis (ice hockey)


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/The Brotherhood of The Bakerites

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Trilobite (Talk) 15:21, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

The Brotherhood of The Bakerites
I have been unable to verify this information with an external source. If it is proved to be a hoax, the text in David Baker should go too. Feel free to prove me wrong. Sarg 13:30, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Unverifiable.  Probably attack article/juvenile prank. --Tabor 18:04, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as above. Pavel Vozenilek 20:58, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Morita

Morita may refer to:

In places:
 * Morita, Aomori, a village in Japan
 * Morita, Togo, a town in Togo

People with the surname Morita:
 * see list of people at Morita (surname)

Other:
 * A type of chipotle
 * A fictional assault rifle from the film Starship Troopers
 * Morita Shogi 64, a Nintendo 64 game

title: Morita


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User talk:Prangton

Furry dispute
I won't be able to go online a lot for the next few days due to some extra workload (anothe database and fixing up a new server) so I'm going to leave the furry redirection dispute to you, user:Krishva and user:Stiv. User:MacGyverMagic from the Mediation committee has asked me on the Requests_for_mediation page to ask user:Almafeta to agree to the mediation, and on my Talk page advised that arbitration be done if the user refuses to and continue to allege that user:Krishva is vandalizing wikipedia pages and I and user:Stiv are her sockpuppets. Thanks -- Grumpyhan 13:31, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Prangton


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Dobroslav Paraga

Dobroslav Paraga (born 9 December 1960) is a Croatian right-wing politician. He was first president of the Croatian Party of Rights, after the party was reestablished in 1991. In 1993 he founded the Croatian Party of Rights 1861 following a political split from Anto Đapić.

Background
In his early days Paraga advocated the secession of Croatia from Yugoslavia which led to persecution by the Communist authorities.

When a multi-party system was established in Croatia, he initially joined the Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) of Franjo Tuđman. However, involvement with the party clearly indicated that there was variation in sentiment among its members.

Paraga came to feel the HDZ was not the radical party which he had expected, and so the party split. He and a delegation of like-minded radicals formed the Croatian Party of Rights (HSP). His party formed its own militia, the Croatian Defence Forces (Hrvatske obrambene snage; HOS). In an interview in 2000, Paraga stated his party was “for a Croatia to the Drina, and for a Bosnia and Herzegovina to the Adriatic”.

Paraga and the HSP had had hopes of becoming the major political factor before the 1992 presidential and parliamentary elections, but those hopes did not materialise. The HSP did enter the Croatian Parliament and Paraga came fourth among presidential candidates, but it was clear that the party was far from its target. Another blow came in the form of high treason charges against Paraga and his associate Anto Đapić, who were stripped of their parliamentary immunity. Those charges were ultimately dropped, but the most serious blow for Paraga came when Đapić turned against him and took over the leadership of the HSP at the 1993 party convention in Kutina. Paraga accused Đapić of being in cahoots with Tuđman and tried to retrieve party leadership in court.

Modern activity
Following the failure of the effort and second split with fellow party members, in 1995 Paraga founded a party called Croatian Party of Rights 1861, claiming to be the true descendant of the 19th century party in Austria-Hungary.

title: Dobroslav Paraga


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1914 in Norwegian football

Results from football in Norway in the year 1914.

Class A of local association leagues
Class A of local association leagues (kretsserier) is the predecessor of a national league competition. The champions qualify for the 1914 Norwegian Cup.

National team
Sources:

title: 1914 in Norwegian football


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Battle of Paraitakene

The Battle of Paraitakene (also called Paraetacene; Παραιτακηνή) was fought in 317 BC, during the second of the succession wars that were fought after the death Alexander the Great; the so called Wars of the Diadochi. In Paraitakene, a district of Persis, the armies of Antigonus Monophthalmus and Eumenes the Cardian engaged in a long an bloody battle that ended indesicive; since Antigonus suffered the most casualties the battle is seen as a victory for Eumenes. Both armies withdrew after the battle; Antigonus towards his ally Peithon's satrapy of Media, Eumenes towards Gabiene.

Background
After the death of Alexander the Great, his generals immediately began squabbling over his huge empire. Soon it degenerated into open warfare, with each general attempting to claim a portion of Alexander's vast kingdom. One of the most talented successor generals (Diadochi) was Antigonus Monophthalmus, so called because of an eye he lost in a siege. During the early years of warfare between the Diadochi, he faced Eumenes, a capable general who had already crushed the popular general Craterus. The two Diadochi fought a series of battles across Asia Minor in which Antigonos completely outgeneraled Eumenes. Eumenes retreated to, and was besieged in, the fortress of Nora. Eventually, after swearing an oath, Eumenes was released. Unfortunately for Antigonos Eumenes had revised the original oath in a way he was still able to continue the war without being labeled an oathbreaker. Eumenes recruited a small army and marched south into Cilicia where he made an alliance with Antigenes and Teutamus (commanders of the Argyraspides (Silver Shields) and the Hypaspists (Shield-bearers), two corps of veterans of Alexander the Great's wars of conquest). In Cilicia, Syria and Phoenicia Eumenes recruited additional troops for his army and ships for his fleet and renewed the war against Antigonos. Antigonos, having taken care of his enemies in the West, now marched East after Eumenes. When he arrived in Cilicia he found out Eumenes had marched to Mesopotamia trying to get the eastern Satraps to join his cause. After securing Cilicia and Syria he marched to Mesopotamia intent upon bringing Eumenes to battle. Eumenes avoided battle and the armies marched and countermarched through Babylonia, Susiana and Media until finally, in the summer of 316 BC, they faced off across a plain in the lands of the Paraitakenoi, to the northeast of Susa.

Prelude
In the summer of 316 BC, Antigonus moved southward from Media towards Persia in the hope of forcing Eumenes to battle. Eumenes was moving north from Persia. The two armies met in the region called Paraitakene, between Media and Persia. Antigonus drew up his army in a strong defensive position. The two armies surveyed each other for a while, and for four days they lived off the land. On the fifth day, supplies were running low so Antigonus decided to march away to Gabiene, where the countryside was rich and unplundered. Unfortunately his plans were betrayed by some deserters, and Eumenes was able to march off first. When Antigonus found out his opponent had left he gave chase with his cavalry while the rest of his army followed at moderate speed. In this way he caught up with Eumenes's rearguard and forced him to halt his army. When the rest of Antigonus's army came up both sides prepared for battle.

Opposing forces
Antigonus' army consisted of 28,000 heavy infantry, 5,500 light infantry, 3,700 heavy cavalry, 6,900 light cavalry and 65 elephants. His heavy infantry was made up of 8,000 Macedonians, 8,000 Pantodapoi, 3,000 Lycians and Phamphylians and 9,000 Greeks; the light infantry is not specified; the cavalry consisted of 2,100 Macedonians (agema, hetairoi, asthipoi and katoikoi), 1,000 Lydians and Phrygians, 1,000 Medians and Parthians, 1,000 Thracians, 1,500 cavalry brought by his ally Peithon, 500 allied Greeks, 500 unspecified mercenaries, 2,200 Tarentines (a light type of light cavalry who threw javelines), 400 unspecified lancers, and 300 pages.

Eumenes'army consisted of 17,000 heavy infantry, 18,000 light infantry, 6,300 cavalry and 125 elephants. The army's most important element were its core of veterans from Alexander the Great's army; the 3,000 Argyraspides (Silver Shields) and the 3,000 Hypaspists (Shield-Bearers).

Battle
Antigonus deployed his army obliquely, the right wing leading, in the same fashion used by Alexander and Philip. Antigonus deployed his light horse (c. 7,000 horsemen) on the left under Peithon, his heavy cavalry (3,700 horsemen) and light infantry were placed on the right flank resting on the hills under his own command and his phalanx held the center, with the Macedonians on the right, the Asians in the center and the mercenaries (probably Greeks) on the left, while the war elephants were spread across the line. Eumenes, also placed his phalanx in the center, with the elite Argyraspides and Hypaspists on the right of the phalanx. His left flank, resting near the hill, was made up of cavalry, elephants, and auxiliaries. The right flank was led by Eumenes himself with his heavy cavalry (2,900 horsemen). Antigonus's oldest son Demetrius, aged about twenty, was with his father commanding the heavy cavalry on the right and making his major combat debut.

The battle began with Peithon, ignoring his orders to hang back, charging Eumenes's heavy cavalry with his more numerous light cavalry. Eumenes held his own against Peithon with his heavy cavalry and elephants and then attacked him in the flank with a couple of his own light cavalry squadrons brought over from his left flank. Peithon was driven back to the foothills in rout.

In the center, the two phalanxes engaged, again to Eumenes’ advantage due to the incredible skill of the Argyraspides who, despite their age (50 to 70 years old), seemed invincible. Antigonus's phalanx was also driven back to the foothills.

Despite these reverses, Antigonus kept his head and when he observed that the very success of the enemy phalanx had led them forward opening up a gap between their center and their left flank he charged his heavy cavalry into this gap, wheeling right and left to the rear of Eumenes's cavalry and his phalanx. The attack proved successful – ending what seemed to be the start of a Eumenes victory over another opponent. The battle slowed as both sides tried to rally broken units. Eumenes tried to claim victory by occupying the battlefield but his troops insisted on returning to their baggage and making camp there. Antigonos, who had his troops better in hand, marched forward and claimed the battlefield.

Aftermath
Antigonus claimed victory, even though he lost some 3,700 men, and a further 4,000 were wounded. Eumenes came off with a loss of only 540 men and some 1,000 injured. Antigonos used trickery (force marching his army away by night) to get away from Eumenes, but he would be back the following year. Their next major confrontation would be the Battle of Gabiene.

title: Battle of Paraitakene


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Imus in the Morning

Imus in the Morning was a long-running radio show hosted by Don Imus. The show originated on June 2, 1968, on various stations in the Western United States and Cleveland, Ohio, before settling on WNBC radio in New York City in 1971. In October 1988, the show moved to WFAN when that station took over WNBC's dial position following an ownership change. It was later syndicated to 60 other stations across the country by Westwood One, a division of CBS Radio, airing weekdays from 5:30 to 10 am Eastern time. Beginning September 3, 1996, the 6 to 9 am portion was simulcast on the cable television network MSNBC.

The show had been broadcast almost every weekday morning for 36 years on radio and 11 years on MSNBC until it was canceled on April 12, 2007, due to controversial comments made on the April 4, 2007, broadcast. Imus in the Morning program returned to the morning drive on New York radio station WABC on December 3, 2007. WABC is the flagship station of ABC Radio Networks (which itself was eventually subsumed into Westwood One in 2012), which syndicates the show nationally. From 2007 to August 2009, the show was simulcast on television nationwide on RFD-TV and rebroadcast each evening on RFD HD in high-definition. After Imus and RFD reached a mutual agreement to prematurely terminate the five-year deal, Fox Business Network began simulcasting the program on October 5, 2009, an arrangement which ended on May 29, 2015.

In March 2018, Cumulus Media, in the middle of a bankruptcy process, told Imus they were going to stop paying him, and as a result, Imus ended the show. The final broadcast of Imus in the Morning was March 29, 2018.

History
Following a successful run as an on-air personality in Cleveland, Don Imus was hired by WNBC to host Imus in the Morning in late 1971. Imus is credited with introducing New York, and the larger Top 40 radio community, to the shock jock style of hosting. His initial run in New York ended in August 1977, when NBC management ordered a purge of WNBC's on-air staff in order to revive sagging ratings. Imus returned to Cleveland, but NBC brought him back to New York only two years later. On September 3, 1979, Imus started off his first program back on WNBC with his old character/voice/bit, "The Reverend Billy Sol Hargis". The show regularly parodied songs and voices, satirizing national and local events and persons.

After WNBC was sold to Emmis Communications in 1988, a frequency shift on New York's AM radio dial saw WFAN, Emmis's sports-talk station, move to WNBC's 660 AM dial position. WNBC signed off in October 1988, and WFAN decided to retain Imus, replacing its original morning drive-time show hosted by Greg Gumbel. Initially limited to the broadcast range of WFAN in the New York metropolitan area, the show's radio audience and influence expanded considerably once Westwood One began syndicating it in 1993.

During the WNBC years, Imus in the Morning was conducted out of NBC's radio studios at 30 Rockefeller Plaza. The program then moved to the Kaufman Astoria Studios in Astoria, Queens, WFAN's longtime studio home. In 2005, the program moved to a dedicated Imus in the Morning set at MSNBC's studios in Secaucus, New Jersey, although certain cast members remained at the WFAN studios using a split-screen format. When at the Imus Ranch, Don Imus would broadcast the show from Ribera, New Mexico, while the rest of the cast remained in New York and New Jersey.

For the first 15 months of Imus' simulcast on RFD, the show originated from a custom set created for RFD located in the Cablevision Rainbow studios in midtown Manhattan's Penn Plaza. In April 2009, the show moved to the multipurpose WABC radio studios; Imus cited the high cost of the Cablevision studios as being the reason for the move. In September 2009, the show moved to Fox Business Network's television studios in Rockefeller Center, where Fox Business began simulcasting the program on October 5, 2009. The Fox Business simulcast ended May 29, 2015. On June 15, 2015, the show started broadcasting solely on the radio from the WABC radio studios.

Influence and demographics
Originally considered a shock jock, Imus turned his show more towards politics and news and gained public influence as a result. During the 1990s, Imus in the Morning became increasingly important as a useful, non-traditional platform for politicians to express their views and gain exposure. Former U.S. Sen. Al D'Amato (R-N.Y.) was one of the first officeholders to ingratiate himself with "The I-man", as Imus was frequently called by cast and guests. The show's many guests included prominent politicians such as Bill Clinton (during his 1992 presidential campaign), Barack Obama, Joe Biden, Mitt Romney, John McCain, John Kerry, Vice President Dick Cheney, J. D. Hayworth and Harold Ford Jr., as well as reporters and columnists from Newsweek, NBC, MSNBC, CNBC, CNN, Fox News and other media outlets. Among the cream of the press who regularly appeared on the show were Tom Brokaw, Tim Russert, Dan Rather, Brian Williams, Andrea Mitchell, Cokie Roberts, Sam Donaldson, Howard Fineman, Mike Barnicle, Frank Rich, Jonathan Alter and Jeff Greenfield.

In 1996 as MSNBC was being launched, the original plan for weekday morning programming was to rerun the previous night's prime-time shows. However, NBC Executive Producer of Special Events and Breaking News David Bohrman suggested to NBC president Andy Lack that putting the newsmaking Imus program on the new cable channel was the right thing to do. Bohrman contacted Imus, and over the course of several visits and business conversations a deal was struck so that the radio program would be simulcast on MSNBC. Cameras were installed in the WFAN radio studio, and remotely controlled from MSNBC headquarters in New Jersey. One of the unique features of the first few years of the program was that the television version's commercials and the radio commercials happened at different times, which allowed TV viewers a voyeuristic view of Imus and his team getting ready for the next segments. The program was a huge success on cable news for quite a while. Bohrman (who Imus referred to as "Moosebutt") produced the first few dozen programs, then hired Terry Irving to become the day-to-day Executive Producer of the television version of the program. In 1997, Imus was named as one of Time magazine's "25 most influential people in America"; he was also on the cover of Newsweek in 1999.

In 2005, Imus in the Morning was carried by about 90 radio stations across the United States, although at the time of its 2007 CBS Radio/MSNBC cancellation it was carried by 61 stations. Arbitron analysis put the program among the most listened to radio talk shows in the United States, with about 1.6 million radio listeners per week.

In an April 26, 2005, article, David Kiley wrote in Business Week magazine that Imus in the Morning commanded higher advertising rates compared to competing talk shows with larger audiences, because the Imus show was less politically partisan and its demographics were "affluent, educated and influential men". Kiley also quoted former CBS News anchor and Face the Nation moderator Bob Schieffer as saying, "I don’t know anyone in Washington who doesn’t listen to Imus or watch him on TV. I get more feedback off my spots on Imus than from my own shows." This included the former Howard Stern terrestrial radio broadcast. In comparison, Stern attracted more than 8.25 million listeners on half as many stations and Rush Limbaugh attracts 13.5 million listeners.

At the time of its 2007 MSNBC cancellation, Imus in the Morning averaged 361,000 viewers in the first quarter of 2007 and was up 39% over the previous year, ranking third among cable morning news programs in the Nielsen ratings, compared to 769,000 viewers of Fox and Friends on Fox News Channel and 372,000 viewers of CNN's American Morning. The program was reported to generate $20 million in annual revenue for WFAN, representing approximately 25 percent of the New York anchor station's revenue. Total revenue, including affiliate advertising and MSNBC, was said to be $50 million. MSNBC is said to have paid CBS $4 million annually in simulcast fees and to have averaged $500,000 per year in production expenses.

Imus generally selected country and western songs as bumper music, promoting artists such as Delbert McClinton, Lucinda Williams, Levon Helm, Little Sammy Davis, The Flatlanders as well as his de facto theme song from Kinky Friedman, "They Ain't Making Jews Like Jesus Anymore". Rock music, blues, oldies, and the occasional jazz piece is also used as bumper music. Imus is known for playing bumper music at a length that is unusual for talk radio.

Cast members
Imus in the Morning had a regular cast of members who supplied news and comedy, and acted as foils to Imus. Part of the appeal of his show was the overt display of office politics: cast members were frequently the object of Imus' sarcasm, largely because of their outspoken points of view. The idea of including production staff as an on-air cast of characters was the idea of Fred Imus, Don's younger brother, who briefly served as the show's producer and was a regular guest on the show until his death in August 2011.

From the 1970s until his retirement on May 6, 2011, Charles McCord served as the program's newsman and head writer. In character, he usually acted as either the straight man or, occasionally, as an Imus sycophant or antagonist. McCord affected a neutral, reasoned tone and thus usually stayed out of Imus' line of fire, compared to the antics of the other cast members. He was responsible for developing the lines of questioning Imus would ask his guests, in addition to his anchor duties. Connell McShane took over the newsman position on May 9 and continued in the role until December 14, 2017.

Bernard McGuirk, his producer, was the show's antagonist, whom Imus had sometimes referred to as a "bald-headed stooge"; he also performed character voices (such as New Orleans Mayor Ray Nagin, former New York Catholic Archbishops Cardinals Edward Egan and John Joseph O'Connor, and poet Maya Angelou). McGuirk was the only other member of the cast to lose his job in the Rutgers controversy and was initially uncharacteristically quiet for the first few weeks of the revival before returning, saying only "Hi" during the first show back on December 3, 2007, on WABC-AM.

At the time of the show's ending, Sid Rosenberg was the program's sports reporter. He engaged in disputes with his fellow cast members, including a boxing bout with McGuirk. He also co-hosted Middays on WFAN with Jody McDonald and Joe Beningo. Rosenberg resigned from WFAN in 2005 and was fired on May 25 in that year from the Imus show for comments about Kylie Minogue's breast cancer diagnosis. He worked at various sports stations in South Florida for 10 years, and remained a substitute and guest contributor on the Imus program, before returning to his post on the program when Warner Wolf, who had two prolonged runs as the program's sportscaster, was ousted in November 2016. Other sports reporters included Chris Carlin (best known for "the fat boy lock of the week!,") Patrick McEnroe (who auditioned to replace Imus on WFAN), Don Criqui, Mike Breen (valued for his deadpan delivery of false sports news, and ridiculed after his head injuries during the 2008 NBA Finals), and Christopher "Mad Dog" Russo. For years, Larry "Ratso" Sloman contributed humorous New York Rangers reports but after he collaborated with Howard Stern on "Private Parts" he was persona non grata on the show and became a whipping boy for Imus especially when Imus' guest was Kinky Friedman, who is a close friend of Ratso.

Rob Bartlett impersonated a cast of celebrities (Bill Clinton, The Godfather, Dr. Phil, Brian Wilson, Hulk Hogan, Rush Limbaugh, Scott Muni, Omar Minaya, Alberto Gonzales, Vicente Fox, Al Gore, Blind Mississippi White Boy Pig Feets Dupris, Liza Minnelli, Yoko Ono, Carl Paladino, Mick Jagger and many others).

Tony Powell, an African-American comedian, originally gave sports reports before shifting into a general contributor and celebrity impersonator, usually impersonating black celebrities such as Little Richard, Jesse Jackson, Eddie Murphy, and Charles Rangel. He was one of two African-Americans added to the staff when the show returned on WABC and RFD; Texas native Karith Foster was the other, though Foster left when her contract was not renewed in 2009, just prior to the move to Fox Business Network. Powell filled a role previously held by Larry Kenney, an impersonator who (along with Bartlett) served as a celebrity impersonator (some of the voices Kenney impersonated Richard Nixon, George Patton, Ted Kennedy, Andy Rooney, Jack Nicholson, and Jerry Falwell), but was bumped from the program when it returned on WABC and RFD in favor of Foster and Powell.

Lou Rufino served as the program engineer; he had a considerable on-air role, but did not appear on-air as often as the other cast members.

Other previous reporters included Janice Dean, Christy Musumeci, and Tracy Burgess, who departed for Fox News Channel, MSNBC, and WFAN respectively. Karith Foster, a Texas-raised black woman hired in the wake of the Rutgers controversy, was a comedian and general contributor, but left the show in August 2009 after her contract was not renewed. Alexis Glick briefly served as a business reporter for the show shortly after it debuted on Fox Business, but left the show and the network after two months; Diane Macedo and Dagen McDowell filled the positions for the remainder of the show's run on Fox Business.

Imus had regular guests on the program to discuss upcoming sporting events. Typically, these guests appeared only during the season of their respective sport. Such guests include Jim Nantz and Phil Simms (of CBS) and Terry Bradshaw (of Fox) for football, and Darrell Waltrip (of Fox) for NASCAR. During an interview with Boomer Esiason, after ridiculing him, Imus chided Esiason with a trademark phrase "get off my phone," insisting he hang up. Esiason shot back with "no, you get off my phone." Other frequent guests included Bo Dietl, a private investigator; and Imus's wife.

Controversies
Imus offended President Bill Clinton with remarks in front of the Clintons during a 1996 Radio and Television Correspondents Association dinner speech.

On October 19, 1998, Newsday reported that Imus called Washington Post media writer Howard Kurtz "that boner-nosed ... beanie-wearing little Jew boy".

Imus has had a long-standing rivalry with Howard Stern, dating back to their days at WNBC. It boiled to the surface in 2003, when Stern called Imus while both were on the air to demand an apology for a comedy skit that Imus had aired. After exchanging insults, Imus cut Stern off. In late 2005, Imus commented that he wished Stern would do well at Sirius satellite radio, as Imus held Sirius stock. In a CBS News interview he conducted before his retirement, Imus stated that he considered Stern one of the best radio performers in history, along with himself, Arthur Godfrey, Jack Benny and Wolfman Jack.

When the program was simulcast on MSNBC, Imus frequently ridiculed NBC/MSNBC personalities, staff, programs, and policies. During election coverage in 2004, NBC set up an outdoor interactive visitors attraction, Democracy Plaza at Rockefeller Center. Imus referred to it as "Hypocrisy Plaza."

On the December 15, 2004, Imus in the Morning show, Don Imus referred to the publishers Simon & Schuster as "thieving Jews" and later in the same show gave a mock apology, calling the phrase "thieving Jews", "redundant".

Beginning in February 2005, MSNBC featured Amy Robach, and then-afternoon regular Contessa Brewer as newsreaders on Imus in the Morning. Brewer held the position for over two months and was the target of Imus's constant ridicule, which was initially dismissed as typical show fodder. On April 29, 2005, the New York Post published a statement attributed to Brewer calling Imus a "cantankerous old fool." He responded on-air by calling her "fat" and "painfully stupid," and hurled countless personal insults. Brewer left Imus in the Morning immediately.

On November 30, 2006, on Imus in the Morning, Imus referred to the Jewish management at CBS as "money-grubbing bastards".

Sid Rosenberg, who provided sports updates on the Imus show, got into trouble when he suggested on air that tennis stars Serena and Venus Williams were animals better suited to pose for National Geographic than Playboy. Rosenberg also stated that Palestinians mourning the death of Yasser Arafat were "stinking animals" upon whom the Israelis "ought to drop the bomb right there, kill 'em all right now..." He was fired from the Don Imus show after making crude remarks about Australian singer Kylie Minogue's breast cancer diagnosis. Chris Carlin replaced Rosenberg, although Rosenberg continued to call into the Imus program up until its cancellation on WFAN/MSNBC. He has appeared on the WABC/RFD incarnation on different occasions, notably providing reports from Super Bowl XLIII.

Rutgers women's basketball remarks
On the Imus in the Morning broadcast of April 4, 2007, substitute sportscaster Sid Rosenberg of WAXY reported on Rutgers University's 59-46 loss the previous evening to the University of Tennessee, in the final game of the NCAA Women's Division I Basketball Championship. As MSNBC rolled tape of the game footage, Imus said in a voiceover, "They're some rough girls from Rutgers. They got tattoos." Bernard McGuirk then interjected, "yeah, hardcore hos." Imus then added, "That's some nappy-headed hos right there." McGuirk then compared the game to "the jigaboos versus the wannabes," in apparent allusion to the Spike Lee film School Daze.

The following day, Bryan Monroe, the president of the National Association of Black Journalists, described Imus's comments as "beyond offensive" and called for his immediate firing. MSNBC responded later that day with a statement disassociating itself from Imus's remarks. On the April 6 Imus in the Morning show, Imus expressed regret over his remarks, contending that it was said in jest by "a good man who did a bad thing".

On Saturday, April 7, the Rev. Al Sharpton, described by The New York Times as "among the leaders of the movement to force Don Imus off the air", told an angry audience in Harlem, New York, that Imus should be "taken off the airwaves" for the racially disparaging remark.

Protest demonstrations by "Rainbow/PUSH" in Chicago, Illinois, in front of NBC's owned-and-operated Chicago station were led by Rev. Jesse Jackson on April 9 as 50 demonstrators held signs reading "No apologies, no forgiveness" and chanting "Imus must go".

Also on April 9, presidential candidate Barack Obama termed Imus's comments, "Divisive, hurtful, and offensive to Americans of all backgrounds", saying "With a public platform comes a trust. As far as I'm concerned, he violated that trust."

Clarence Page, who had occasionally been a guest on Imus in the Morning, wrote that Imus broke a promise made to him six years previously to eschew racially offensive remarks.

Amidst the gathering protests, Imus delivered a second, lengthier apology at the beginning of the Imus in the Morning program on Monday, April 9 and offered to meet with the Rutgers team to apologize personally. Imus again stated that he "is a good person who made a very bad mistake", citing his charitable works. Later that day, CBS Radio and NBC (which owns MSNBC through its NBC News division) announced a two-week suspension of Don Imus' program on radio and television starting Monday, April 16. The initial delay in the start of the suspension was to allow the WFAN Radiothon, which was to begin on April 12, to still be broadcast on MSNBC. NBC News President Steve Capus released a prepared statement explaining the network's action:

"'Beginning Monday, April 16, MSNBC will suspend simulcasting the syndicated Imus in the Morning radio program for two weeks. This comes after careful consideration in the days since his racist, abhorrent comments were made. Don Imus has expressed profound regret and embarrassment and has made a commitment to listen to all of those who have raised legitimate expressions of outrage. In addition, his dedication – in his words – to change the discourse on his program moving forward, has confirmed for us that this action is appropriate. Our future relationship with Imus is contingent on his ability to live up to his word.'"

MSNBC cancellation
On Wednesday, April 11, 2007, NBC News announced that MSNBC would no longer simulcast Imus in the Morning, effective immediately.

This decision comes as a result of an ongoing review process, which initially included the announcement of a suspension. It also takes into account many conversations with our own employees. What matters to us most is that the men and women of NBC Universal have confidence in the values we have set for this company. This is the only decision that makes that possible. Once again, we apologize to the women of the Rutgers basketball team and to our viewers. We deeply regret the pain this incident has caused.

Several advertisers of Imus in the Morning announced their withdrawal from sponsorship, including General Motors (Imus' biggest advertiser) Staples Inc., Sprint Nextel, American Express, and Procter & Gamble.

Capus also revealed that in staff meetings, NBC's African-American news staff and on-air personalities opposed Imus' return to MSNBC, with Al Roker of the Today show expressing particularly strong opposition both internally and on the Today show's website. Capus denied, however, that the loss of ad revenue was a determining factor in his network's decision to drop Imus. He was quoted by The New York Times as saying that "The reputation of the news division means more to me than advertising dollars. Because if you lose your reputation, you lose everything." The absence and silence from Imus' frequent NBC guests Brian Williams, Andrea Mitchell, David Gregory, Chris Matthews and close 'friend' Tim Russert was obvious and an indication of NBC's future action.

MSNBC's timing of Imus' cancellation was criticized on WFAN, as Imus in the Morning had been scheduled to kick off the 18th Annual WFAN Radiothon, a large annual fundraising event, the next morning. The Radiothon aired April 12 on radio only.

Asked for his reaction, Sharpton told The New York Times that "we have been halfway successful so far" and that he was planning to organize a demonstration in front of CBS's Manhattan corporate headquarters. He said, "This has never been about Don Imus. I have no idea whether he is a good man or not. This is about the use of public airwaves for bigoted, racist speech."

CBS Radio cancellation
On Thursday morning, April 12, 2007, Jesse Jackson and Al Sharpton met with CBS President and CEO Les Moonves to demand that Imus be fired. That afternoon, Moonves issued a statement announcing that CBS Radio had cancelled Imus in the Morning, effective immediately:.

From the outset, I believe all of us have been deeply upset and revulsed by the statements that were made on our air about the young women who represented Rutgers University in the NCAA Women's Basketball Championship with such class, energy and talent.

Following the announcement, Jackson called the removal "a victory for public decency. No one should use the public airwaves to transmit racial or sexual degradation."

Sharpton said of Imus, "He says he wants to be forgiven. I hope he continues in that process. But we cannot afford a precedent established that the airways can commercialize and mainstream sexism and racism."

The final day of the WFAN Radiothon, April 13, was co-hosted by Deirdre Imus and Charles McCord during the hours when Imus in the Morning formerly aired.

Reaction to the cancellation
Don and Deirdre Imus met with the Rutgers team on the evening of April 12 at the New Jersey Governor's Mansion, according to a report broadcast by CNN, which characterized the meeting as "emotional". C. Vivian Stringer, coach of the Rutgers team, said the next day that she and her team "still find his statements to be unacceptable," but that they accepted Imus's apology.

Civil rights and women's groups such as the National Organization for Women praised CBS and MSNBC for their action, saying that there is no place on the public airwaves for racial and anti-female slurs. Newsweek magazine in its April 23, 2007, cover story said that for too long its own reporters coveted an invitation to appear on Imus in the Morning: Suddenly some of America's largest media companies and most important corporate advertisers were confronted with the fact that they had been complicit in the rise and reign of a purveyor of ugly stereotypes. Mainstream figures and institutions that had chosen to compartmentalize the Imus kingdom "enjoying the salon while overlooking the slurs" realized they could no longer have it both ways "The Power That Was", Newsweek

Others, however, criticized the cancellation of Imus in the Morning as a "double standard", arguing that Imus was merely echoing the truth common to rap music lyrics heard on recordings, MTV, and BET. This idea itself, however, has been countered, as some think it laughable that "pundits and politicians have apparently decided on a consensus culprit to cleanse the national soul: hip-hop".

In reaction to the Imus show and its cancellation, there were calls for an end to offensive language in the rap music genre. "Bo" Dietl, a regular guest on Imus in the Morning denounced Moonves on Fox News Channel for CBS' cancellation of Imus while producing rap music with anti-female lyrics, saying, "Mr. Les Moonves, you care about the quality, why don't you care about your CBS records with all the garbage my 17-year-old daughter listens to and they use this word 'ho' back and forth and they degrade women all the time. If I thought that Don Imus was a racist in any part, shape or form, I wouldn't be here today."

Settlement
Before his show was canceled, Imus and CBS had signed a contract extension for about $10 million per year. Before Imus could explore another broadcasting job it was necessary for Imus and CBS to reach a settlement on the contract.

On May 4, 2007, Martin Garbus, a lawyer for Imus, claimed that the broadcasters of the program could have edited Imus's comments, given that the program was subject to tape delay. The lawyer also indicated that Imus would sue CBS Radio for $120 million in unpaid salary and damages. CBS Radio replied that it would vigorously defend against the suit.

During a June 29, 2007, broadcast, comments were made by WFAN host Mike Francesa and McCord which seemed to indicate that Imus would be returning to the air in the near future, possibly rejoining WFAN. The comments were made during a 20th anniversary celebration of WFAN, as part of a broadcast meant to honor Imus's contribution to the station. McCord noted that the broadcast seemed to reflect on Imus through a rear-view mirror. Then he quipped, "Be warned: Objects in the mirror may be closer than they appear." Francesa then cryptically added that by, "this September, I hope the team will once again be complete". Technically, both comments were accurate: McCord's "warning" could be seen as a prediction that he and Imus would reunite, which would indeed happen on a rival station, and Francesa's comment was true on the basis that Boomer Esiason and Craig Carton took over the morning position permanently in September 2007.

On August 14, 2007, it became clear that Imus would not return to WFAN when it was announced that Imus and CBS agreed to a settlement.

Broadcast return
Although speculated since his dismissal, the return to morning radio for Imus was officially announced by New York talk-radio station WABC on November 1, 2007. The show's first broadcast aired on December 3. The financial package between Imus and WABC is a 5-year deal worth up to $40 million.

Newsman Charles McCord, producer Bernard McGuirk, and engineer Lou Rufino were part of the revived show, along with most of television production crew that worked the MSNBC broadcast; the first guests were historian Doris Kearns Goodwin, Senator John McCain, Senator Christopher Dodd, Democratic Party strategist James Carville, and Imus regular Bo Dietl.

A significant rollout of Imus in the Morning took place in March 2008 following mass layoffs at Citadel Broadcasting. Imus was packaged with The True Oldies Channel to replace select underperforming Citadel stations. In August, Imus claimed his show was heard on more stations than it was at the time of his 2007 firing.

As of late 2009 the show was one of the ten most listened to morning shows in New York City. Imus signed three-year extensions with Cumulus Media Networks (the company that bought Citadel in late 2011) and television partner Fox Business Network (see below) in December 2012. The arrangement with Cumulus was again renewed in 2016.

RFD-TV
Imus was originally in talks with "big-market" TV suitors Fox Business Network, Fox News Channel, and others to simulcast the show on national television. On November 13, it was announced that a 5-year deal was reached to simulcast Imus in the Morning on RFD-TV, which is available on both DISH Network and DirecTV but only (as of November 2007) on a limited number of cable providers. The number of systems carrying RFD was anticipated to increase because of the Imus deal. The show was broadcast from 6-9am eastern time on RFD-TV and from 6-9pm in high-definition on RFD HD. In addition, the RFD press release announcing the deal stated: "'[RFD] is developing plans to offer the Imus video programming through new technologies including VOD, streaming, and podcasts, as well as, seek worldwide distribution of the RFD-TV production to obtain the highest possible audience.'" However, during the program's tenure on RFD, none of the above "new technologies" (VOD, streaming, nor a podcast) ever materialized. (These would eventually arrive in 2011, long after Imus left the network.)

Fox Business
The final show on RFD TV aired August 28, 2009. Although the contract between Imus and RFD was originally for five years, both parties decided to mutually end the simulcast prematurely, amid reports of the program's inevitable move to Fox Business. Shortly thereafter, Imus inked a new television deal with Fox Business Network (FBN), a channel that was already a significant sponsor of the show.

The show debuted on FBN on October 5, 2009. The Imus in the Morning program physically moved from ABC Radio studios to Fox Business studios as part of the deal, and simulcasted live on FBN from 6am to 9am ET. On January 18, 2010, Imus in the Morning was extended by 20 minutes on Fox Business Network, from 6am to 9:20am ET, after the abrupt cancellation of The Opening Bell on Fox Business. Thus, virtually the entire show was simulcast on television, until February 24, 2014, when Imus in the Morning was truncated by 20 minutes. Therefore, the show reverted to the original 3-hour format, from 6am to 9am ET, due to the debut of Opening Bell with Maria Bartiromo on that same day.

Imus ended the television simulcast on May 29, 2015, when he relocated to Texas full-time; continuing the simulcast would have required the show to remain based in New York. Everyone from the radio side remained, as well as Connell McShane (who continued to work for both Imus and Fox Business simultaneously until a change in management forced McShane to focus on his Fox Business work full-time beginning at the end of 2017); the remainder of the television cast members did not follow Imus to the radio side.

End
Imus was off the air frequently during 2017 because of health problems, some of which stem from a 2014 rib injury that made it difficult for him to breathe; he also suffered from emphysema for an unknown length of time. The health problems also forced Imus to shorten his program from four hours to three and eventually led to his 2019 death.

On January 22, 2018, Imus announced that he would be retiring and that the show would not continue under his name without him; he stated his last show would be March 29, 2018. The decision was not entirely of Imus's choosing; as he stated on-air, Cumulus Media intends to void his contract in the company's chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings. Even if Cumulus had not gone bankrupt, Imus was planning on retiring at the end of his contract in December. In his closing remarks, Imus tearfully expressed remorse for his 2007 statements, thanked a select few members of the family and close radio associates, and stated that, while he would not miss the grind of a daily radio show, he would miss the listeners, thanking them for listening and for their contributions to the numerous charitable causes Imus promoted throughout his career.

McGuirk and Rosenberg continued in the time slot as co-hosts of The Bernie & Sid Show (later renamed Bernie and Sid in the Morning) for the next few years. McGuirk died on October 5, 2022, after battling prostate and brain cancer.

title: Imus in the Morning


text:
Whitney family

The Whitney family is a formerly prominent American family descended from non-Norman English immigrant John Whitney (1592–1673), who left London in 1635 and settled in Watertown, Massachusetts. The historic family mansion in Watertown, known as The Elms, was built for the Whitneys in 1710. The Whitneys today continue to be involved in philanthropic efforts due to the wealth accumulated by past generations. They are also members of the Episcopal Church.

Until the mid-20th century, successive generations of the Whitney family had a significant impact on American history. Eli Whitney's invention of the cotton gin in 1793 enabled cotton seeds to be removed 50 times faster, a breakthrough which led the country to become home to 75% of the world's cotton supply. This caused the demand for slaves to increase rapidly, with Yale law professor Paul Finkleman writing that "slaves were a profitable investment before the cotton gin and an even more profitable investment after its invention". In 1844, Asa Whitney launched a campaign for a railway linking the country's west to the east that ultimately resulted in the first transcontinental railroad. Upon taking office as U.S. Secretary of the Navy in 1885, William Collins Whitney oversaw the American fleet's widespread adoption of steel ships, an event essential to the United States becoming a leading world power.

During the 20th century, family members continued to exercise massive influence over the country's economy through conglomerates such as Pan Am, J.H. Whitney & Company, and Freeport-McMoran. Beginning with William Collins Whitney, members of the Whitney family would also become major figures for more than a century in the breeding and racing of Thoroughbred horses.

Prominent descendants of John Whitney

 * Amos Whitney (1832–1920)
 * Anne Whitney (1821–1915)
 * Asa Whitney (1791–1874), canal commissioner
 * Asa Whitney (1797-1872)
 * Benson Whitney (born 1956)
 * Charlotte Anita Whitney (1867–1955)
 * Charles Andrew Whitney (1834–1912)
 * Cornelius Vanderbilt Whitney (1899–1992)
 * Courtney Whitney (1897–1969)
 * David Whitney Jr. (1830-1900)
 * Dorothy Payne Whitney (1887–1968)
 * Edward Baldwin Whitney (1857–1911)
 * Eli Whitney (1765–1825)
 * Eli Whitney Blake (1795–1886), inventor
 * Eli Whitney Blake, Jr. (1836–1895), scientist
 * Eli Whitney Debevoise II (born 1953)
 * Flora Payne Whitney (1897–1986)
 * Whitney Tower (1923–1999)
 * Flora Miller Biddle (born 1928)
 * Harry Payne Whitney (1872–1930)
 * Hassler Whitney (1907–1989)
 * Henry Melville Whitney (1839–1923)
 * James Scollay Whitney (1811–1878)
 * Joan Whitney Payson (1903–1975)
 * John Hay Whitney (1905–1982)
 * Josephine Whitney Duveneck (1891–1978)
 * Josiah Dwight Whitney (1819–1896)
 * Mary Watson Whitney (1847–1921)
 * Newel Kimball Whitney (1795–1850)
 * Orson F. Whitney (1855–1931)
 * Parkhurst Whitney (1784–1862)
 * Pauline Payne Whitney (1874–1916)
 * Olive, Lady Baillie Olive Cecilia Paget, (1899–1974), Anglo-American heiress, landowner and hostess.
 * Dorothy Wyndham Paget (1905–1960), British racehorse owner and sponsor of motor racing
 * William Payne Whitney (1876–1927)
 * Phyllis Ayame Whitney (1903–2008)
 * Richard Whitney (1888–1974)
 * Wheelock Whitney I (1894–1957)
 * Wheelock Whitney, Jr. (1926–2016)
 * Wheelock Whitney III (born 1949)
 * William Collins Whitney (1841–1904)
 * William Dwight Whitney (1827–1894)
 * Willis Rodney Whitney (1868–1958)

By marriage:

 * Mary Elizabeth Altemus (1906–1988)
 * Charles T. Barney (1851–1907)
 * Kathleen Blatz (born 1954)
 * Betsey Cushing (1908–1998)
 * Henry F. Dimock (1842–1911)
 * Leonard Knight Elmhirst (1893–1974)
 * Helen Julia Hay (1876–1944)
 * Almeric Hugh Paget, 1st Baron Queenborough (1861–1949), British industrialist and politician
 * Marie Louise Schroeder (1925–2019)
 * Willard Dickerman Straight (1880–1918)
 * Whitney Willard Straight (1912–1979)
 * Beatrice Whitney Straight (1914–2001)
 * Michael Whitney Straight (1916–2004)
 * Adeline Dutton Train (1824–1906)
 * Gertrude Vanderbilt (1875–1942)
 * George W. Headley (1908–1985)
 * Dorothy Laverne Whitney (born 1930)
 * Alfa Vanderbilt-Winther (1924–2008)

Associates
The following is a list of figures closely aligned or subordinate to the Whitney family.

 * Henry Lawrence Burnett
 * Roscoe Channing
 * Merian C. Cooper
 * Herbert Croly
 * William Lukens Elkins
 * Catharine Littlefield Greene
 * Daniel Guggenheim
 * Daniel S. Lamont
 * Oliver Hazard Payne
 * Benjamin Franklin Pearson
 * Francis A. Pratt
 * Benno C. Schmidt Sr.
 * David O. Selznick
 * Kenneth A. Spencer
 * Charles Shipman Payson
 * Sherman Pratt
 * Thomas Fortune Ryan
 * W.E.D. Stokes
 * Ilya Andreyevich Tolstoy
 * Juan Trippe
 * Clarissa Watson
 * Peter A.B. Widener
 * Langbourne Meade Williams Jr.
 * Richard Thornton Wilson Jr.

Businesses
The following is a list of companies in which the Whitney family have held a controlling or otherwise substantial interest.

 * American Tobacco Company
 * Art in America
 * Burnett & Whitney
 * Cataract House Hotel
 * Dominion Iron & Steel Company
 * Dun & Bradstreet
 * Foshalee Plantation
 * Freeport Texas Company
 * Great Northern Paper
 * Greentree Stable
 * Hudson Bay Mining & Smelting Company
 * International Herald Tribune
 * J.H. Whitney & Company
 * Manhasset Stable
 * Marineland of Florida
 * Metropolitan Steamship Company
 * Metropolitan Street Railway Company
 * Minnesota North Stars
 * Minnesota Vikings
 * Minute Maid Company
 * The New Republic
 * New York Loan & Improvement Company
 * New York Mets
 * Pan Am
 * Pratt & Whitney Measurement Systems
 * Selznick International Pictures
 * Spencer Chemical Company
 * Technicolor Corporation
 * West End Street Railway
 * Westbury Stable
 * Western Airways
 * Whitney Armory
 * Whitney Real Estate Corporation

Philanthropy and non-profit organizations

 * Almeric Paget Massage Corps
 * American Philological Association
 * Association of Junior Leagues International
 * Country Art Gallery & Art School
 * Dartington College of Arts
 * Dartington International Summer School
 * Greentree Foundation
 * Helen Hay Whitney Foundation
 * Jockey Club (United States)
 * John Hay Whitney Foundation
 * Markey Cancer Center
 * National Museum of Dance and Hall of Fame
 * National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame
 * The New School for Social Research
 * North Shore University Hospital
 * Payne Whitney Gymnasium
 * Payne Whitney Psychiatric Clinic
 * Saratoga Performing Arts Center
 * Whitney Laboratory for Marine Bioscience
 * Whitney South Sea Expedition
 * William C. Whitney Foundation
 * Whitney Gallery of Western Art
 * Whitney Museum of American Art
 * Whitney Stakes (NYRA)

Buildings, estates and historic sites

 * Belmont Park
 * Breuer Building
 * Brookdale Farm
 * C.V. Whitney Farm
 * Dartington Hall
 * David Whitney House
 * Eli Whitney Gun Factory
 * The Elms
 * Greentree
 * Greenwood Plantation
 * Joye Cottage
 * Llangollen Farm
 * Payne Whitney House
 * Saratoga Race Course
 * Waters Farm
 * Whitney Studio Gallery
 * Whitney Park
 * Willard Straight Hall

title: Whitney family


text:
Mickey MacKay

Duncan McMillan "Mickey" MacKay (May 25, 1894 – May 30, 1940) was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre and rover who played primarily in the Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHL) and Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL) for the Vancouver Millionaires (later Maroons). He moved to the National Hockey League (NHL) after the collapse of professional hockey in the west, and finished his career playing with the Chicago Black Hawks, Pittsburgh Pirates and Boston Bruins.

A gifted scorer, MacKay led the PCHA in goals three times, assists twice, and was the league's all-time leading scorer upon its demise. Lester Patrick called him the greatest centre to ever play in the coast league; he was named to the PCHA or WCHL first team all-star on seven occasions, and to the second team three times. MacKay won the Stanley Cup twice during his career: first with the Millionaires in 1915 and later with the Bruins in 1929. In 1952, he was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame.

Early life
Duncan "Mickey" MacKay was born in Chesley, Ontario on May 21, 1894. He grew up on the family farm in Bruce County, near Chesley. He joined the Canadian Army at the age of 14 and briefly trained at the Valcartier training camp in Quebec until recruiting officers realized he was underage and discharged him from the service.

MacKay learned to skate at the age of 15 and spent two seasons playing senior hockey in Chesley. He moved west in 1912 to join the Edmonton Dominions of the Alberta Senior Hockey League where he led the league with eight playoff goals. While in Edmonton with the Dominions MacKay was a teammate of future Vancouver Millionaires teammate Barney Stanley. He left the Dominions following the season for a senior team in Grand Forks, British Columbia, where he was the provincial league's leading goalscorer with 15 goals in 1913–14.

Professional career
Hoping to advance his career, MacKay wrote to Frank Patrick, operator of the Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA), expressing his desire to turn professional. Patrick initially replied by suggesting the young player try out for a team closer to his hometown in Ontario. However, making what he described as a "sixth sense hunch", Patrick wrote a second letter inviting MacKay to try out for his team in Vancouver. Patrick doubted MacKay's ability the first time he saw him practice, but was convinced the second time around. He signed MacKay to a contract for the 1914–15 PCHA season on November 3, 1914. MacKay made his professional debut on December 8, playing on a line with Frank Nighbor and Ken Mallen and scored a hat trick in his first game. He finished the season as the league leader with 33 goals in just 17 games, and was named a first team all-star. Vancouver won the PCHA title, then defeated the Ottawa Senators to win the Stanley Cup. MacKay had four goals in the series in which Vancouver won all three games. MacKay was a consistent PCHA all-star in the seasons that followed, earning berths on the second team in 1916, 1918 and 1921, and on the first team in 1917, 1919, 1922 and 1923. He posted a 22-goal season in 23 games in 1916–17, He played in his second Stanley Cup championship with the Millionaires in 1918, leading all skaters with five goals and five assists in five games. Though MacKay was held out as a star of the series, the Millionaires were defeated by the National Hockey League (NHL)'s Toronto Arenas in the fifth and deciding game of the series.

A late-season battle between the Millionaires and the Seattle Metropolitans in 1919 turned violent when Seattle's Cully Wilson slashed MacKay across the mouth late in the game. MacKay suffered a broken jaw and lost five teeth as a result, while Wilson was later banned from the PCHA for life. MacKay left the PCHA following the season, moving to Alberta where he bought a farm near the village of Elnora. He was one of several players who successfully petitioned the Alberta Amateur Athletic Union to regain his amateur status, and signed on to play with the Calgary Columbus Club of the newly formed Big-4 League.

MacKay returned to Vancouver and the professional ranks in 1920 amidst charges by Millionaires' owner Frank Patrick that the Big-4 was secretly paying players in violation of amateur standards. Calgary media suggested that MacKay was one of the players who had informed Patrick of the situation in Alberta, a charge that he denied. On the ice, he helped lead the Millionaires to the 1921 Stanley Cup Finals, which they lost to the Ottawa Senators in five games.

Remaining a top scorer in the PCHA, MacKay led the league in assists with 12 in 1921–22 and in goals with 21 in 1923–24. The PCHA merged with the Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL) prior to the 1924–25 season, and MacKay led the WCHL in scoring with 27 goals that season. MacKay was named a WCHL first team all-star in 1925 and 1926. The Western League collapsed following the 1925–26 season, and MacKay's contract was sold to the newly formed Chicago Black Hawks in the National Hockey League. He was the all-time leading scorer amongst PCHA and WCHL players at the league's demise with 290 points.

In two years with the Black Hawks, MacKay scored 31 goals before his playing rights were sold to the Pittsburgh Pirates prior to the 1928–29 NHL season. He appeared in only ten games with the Pirates before he was traded to the Boston Bruins on December 20, 1928 in exchange for Frank Fredrickson. With the Bruins, MacKay also served as an assistant coach and manager. He won the second Stanley Cup championship of his career that season as Boston defeated the New York Rangers to win the title. MacKay played the 1929–30 season with the Bruins, continuing his management and coaching duties while playing depth minutes for a dominant team.

Legacy and playing style
MacKay was regarded by his contemporaries as one of the top players of his time. Lester Patrick praised his abilities: "He was perhaps the greatest centre we ever had on the coast. MacKay was a great crowd pleaser. He was clean, splendidly courageous, a happy player with a stylish way of going. He was one of those who helped make pro hockey a great game." His greatest limitation was his size, standing five foot nine and around 162 pounds; he frequently battled through injuries and missed many games throughout his career as a result. His nickname, "the wee Scot", was in reference to his diminutive size.

Later life
Leaving the Bruins, MacKay settled near his wife's hometown of Grand Forks. He remained active in hockey, serving as a referee and coach in the area. He contemplated purchasing the Spokane Clippers of the minor professional Pacific Coast Hockey League in 1938 but decided against taking over the team. MacKay became involved in mining in the eastern Kootenays upon his return to British Columbia. He died on May 30, 1940, when traveling as part of his mining job after his vehicle left the road and hit a telephone pole near the village of Ymir. The medical examiner determined that he had suffered a heart attack, causing the crash.

MacKay was posthumously honoured by several organizations for his hockey career, and was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1952. He was inducted into the British Columbia Sports Hall of Fame in 1989, and is an honoured member of the British Columbia Hockey Hall of Fame.

title: Mickey MacKay


text:
Land Bank of Taiwan

Land Bank of Taiwan (LBOT; ) is a wholly state-owned bank in Taiwan (ROC). It was owned by the Taiwan Provincial Government before its downsizing on December 21, 1998, when it was transferred to the jurisdiction of the Executive Yuan.

It is the only bank designated by the ROC government as a specialised bank for handling real estate and agricultural credit. Its objective is to develop national economic construction in coordination with the implementation of the government's housing, agricultural, and land policies.

History
The history of the Land Bank of Taiwan dates from 1945 and the end of World War II. To facilitate the implementation of land policies such as land-rights equalization and the land-to-the-tiller program in Taiwan, the ROC government allocated 60 million dollars from the national treasury and took over the five branches of the Nippon Kangyo Bank (NKB) set up in Taipei, Hsinchu, Taichung, Tainan, and Kaohsiung during Japanese rule. The “Land Bank of Taiwan” was established in accordance with ROC law on 1 September 1946.

In May 1985, the Land Bank of Taiwan became qualified as a juristic person according to Article 52 of the Banking Act; on 21 December 1998, it became a state-run organization upon implementation of the Province Simplification Statute; on 1 July 2003, it was reorganized as the "Land Bank of Taiwan Co., Ltd." On 21 May 2004, it was transformed into a public company to prepare for initial public offering on privatization.

Organisational structure
The LBOT's managerial structure consists of the head office with 26 units, 149 domestic branches (excluding OBU) in Taiwan, and 8 overseas branches and offices.

The Overseas Branches and Offices are LBOT Los Angeles Branch, LBOT New York Branch, LBOT Singapore Branch, LBOT Hong Kong Branch, LBOT Shanghai Branch, LBOT TianJin Branch, LBOT Wuhan Branch and LBOT Kuala Lumpur Representative Office in Malaysia.

Employees
At the end of 2022, the number of employees was 5,752.

Credit ratings
Taiwan Ratings, JUL 12 2022: twAA+, Outlook : Stable

Moody’s Investors Service, SEP 23 2022: Aa3, Outlook :Stable

Standard & Poor’s (S&P), JUL 12 2022: A−, Outlook :Stable

title: Land Bank of Taiwan


text:
Talk:Ultrashort pulse

Medical imaging applications
Regarding applications: What are the applications of ultrashort (laser) pulses in medical imaging? I cannot think of any. The referenced article does not provide any information about it either.Gabeng 06:51, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Imaging isn't really my subfield, but I do know of some biological imaging applications, especially with in vivo tomography. An example I know of is the OCM, which just switched from a CW to a pulsed lightsource. This article (Seeing through tissue section) discusses imaging tumors in addition to the surgical applications.

 * I think more information could be had from the Virtual Journal of Ultrafast Science, which is subscription, or from Google Scholar .--Laura Scudder | Talk 18:24, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Dec 15 2010 : I think the applications of fs pulses in Optical tomography of biological/human tissues are appearing for quite some time. This field is quite active and at our institute also people are working on this area (www.rrcat.gov.in).The generation of super continuum can also be metioned here. regards -prasad —Preceding unsigned comment added by 144.16.111.210 (talk) 07:10, 15 December 2010 (UTC)

Proposed merge of ultrafast and ultrashort pulse
I propose that Ultrafast should be merged here. per Naming conventions (adjectives), adjectives should redirect to nouns. This article seems like the appropriate place for ultrafast to redirect to.--Srleffler 05:53, 11 November 2006 (UTC)

Propagation of light pulses
I propose to add some material concerning the propagation of light pulses in various media, some analytical and therefore reasonably general. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 98.234.179.52 (talk) 00:51, 23 August 2009 (UTC)

Pulse plot

It seems like this image has some problems. First, the blue curve (not the green curve) is the electric field amplitude; the green curve is the envelope of the pulse. Second, the red curve is (I presume) supposed to show the time-averaged intensity of the pulse, in which case (a) it should say that, and (b) the peak intensity should reach half of the peak amplitude because of the factor of 1/2 from the sinusoid. Anyway, I made a new SVG image and unless someone objects I'll substitute it into the article in a few days. Zueignung (talk) 19:46, 20 October 2012 (UTC)

This may be purely an issue of language, but I think there is somehing wrong with this plot, or at least its use. It is described correctly as an ultrashort pulse which has a quadratic phase dependence which also means it is chirped. But the way this is currently used in the article the impression is given that ALL ultrashort pulses are chirped. This is absolutely not the case, and ultrashort pulses are usually unchirped in order to obtain the narrowest possible pulse in time. I think this should be made more clear. It might be best to provide a plot of an unchirped ultrashort pulse and a chirped ultrashort pulse. Using pulses with the same bandwidth (and therefore different temporal width for chirped and unchirped pulses) would offer more opportunity to make this concept clear. 157.185.95.42 (talk) 15:59, 1 July 2013 (UTC)mjd

To elaborate a little on the chirp: It is true that most high-power pulse amplifiers are chirped internally, but the output pulse in always unchirped to narrow it in time (ultra-short). The pulse depicted here would be about 10 times shorter in time if it were unchirped. So it should be. If we're only going to show one pulse, it should be unchirped, since that is more ultrashort than the chirped internal pulse shown here. 199.46.200.231 (talk) 00:46, 2 April 2014 (UTC)

Applications
'''I would like to add the following text to this section. Unfortunately, it involves a kind of self-referencing. Can anyone help?'''

Unfortunately, there are many claims in the literature on the applications of short laser pulses while few, if any, of these  claims live up to markets’ expectations and soon sink into oblivion. Therefore, it is believed that the relevant applications are much fewer than the large list one can compile by gathering those  suggested by the researchers in universities. An interesting anecdote may clarify the situation. "Someone approached us for advice on a flat transparent thin sheet of inert polymer having mono-dispersed pores for application in health  science to remove bacteria from biological fluids. The pores were desired to have diameters of  0.4 μm with a pore density of about 108 pores per cm2. Obviously, such pores cannot be drilled using commercially available high repetition rate lasers since the pore diameter is smaller than their wavelength. However, recalling the published work on drilling to sub-wavelength diameters we suggested using the high repetition 100 fs Ti:Sapphire laser pulses as a suitable and feasible method. To our dismay, few days later, we learnt of commercially available polycarbonate membrane filters with well characterized characteristics having list prices as low as 0.2 $/cm2" ! Sharifi and Talebpour have identified three areas that short pulses may provide relevant applications. These include highly specific mass spectroscopy of molecules, continuum-less laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, and flat panel display dicing. Other potential applications are listed in the following: — Preceding unsigned comment added by Abdossamad Talebpour (talk • contribs) 00:59, 3 September 2013 (UTC)
 * Try a more impartial tone. Fgnievinski (talk) 01:08, 8 July 2014 (UTC)

title: Talk:Ultrashort pulse


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/LITFA

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Trilobite (Talk) 15:22, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

LITFA
Non notable neologism. I don't think it even deserves a Wiktionary entry. Sarg 13:47, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. Not sure what wiktionary's inclusion standards are.  The few google hits where this was used as an acronym were coy references to "LITFA method" to allow body piercings to heal (not computer systems, as stated in article). --Tabor 18:11, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete More like a saying than anything... ins't encyclopedic material Sasquatch′↔Talk↔Contributions 01:06, Jun 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Pavel Vozenilek 20:57, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/LITFA


text:
Talk:Bromoform

Untitled

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"Asparagopsis produces a compound called bromoform (CHBr₃), which prevents methane production by reacting with vitamin B12 at the last step. This disrupts the enzymes used by gut microbes that produce methane gas as waste during digestion." Source: https://blog.csiro.au/seaweed-hold-key-cutting-methane-emissions-cow-burps/ — Preceding unsigned comment added by 130.225.93.179 (talk) 14:44, 23 November 2018 (UTC)

IUPAC Name
Is Bromoform the IUPAC name of the compound? Or Tribromomethane or both? It looks wierd to me that Trichloromethane and Trifluoromethane are IUPAC names but Tribromomethane is not(according to the 3 respective wikipedia acticles).Lammet (talk) 15:10, 16 July 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20060929185136/http://cira.ornl.gov/documents/BROMOFRM.pdf to http://cira.ornl.gov/documents/BROMOFRM.pdf

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Melting point
At what temperature does the compound freeze? –4 to 16 C is a very broad range. ⲔⲖⲞⲢⲠⲒⲔⲢⲒⲚ (talk) 00:33, 11 December 2023 (UTC)

 * I corrected the values for freezing and boiling with those from the CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 99th Ed. If anyone can figure out how to add a reference to that inside the chembox field that would be cool, it's not working for me. Reconrabbit (talk) 13:58, 12 December 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Bromoform


text:
Guillaume Sarkozy

Guillaume Georges Didier Sárközy de Nagy-Bócsa simply known as Guillaume Sarkozy, is a French entrepreneur and vice-president of the MEDEF, the French union of employers. Guillaume Sarkozy is the older brother of former French president Nicolas Sarkozy. He has a half-brother, Olivier Sarkozy.

He was enrolled in the private Catholic middle and high school Cours Saint-Louis de Monceau, and then in the public Lycée (High School) Janson-de-Sailly, both located in Paris. He holds an engineering degree from the École spéciale des travaux publics (ESTP) of Paris.

Guillaume Sarkozy started his career working on assignments at the Directorate (Office) of Public Safety (direction de la sécurité civile) inside the Ministry of Interior (1974-1976). He then joined IBM France where he was a sales engineer (1976-1979).

In 1979, he became COO of Tissage de Picardie and has been its president and CEO since 1981. He also became CEO of Tissage Rinet (1985) and Velveterie (1990), which he merged with Tissage de Picardie. He is now the owner of the company, having bought it from the family of his first wife. Tissage de Picardie is one of the world leaders in upholstery fabrics. Located in the Somme département, it employs around 120 people, and exports about 65% of its production.

Guillaume Sarkozy entered the CNPF, later renamed MEDEF, where he was the chairman of the Committee on Social Welfare (commission de la protection sociale). He is now the vice-president of the MEDEF (since 2000), and has also been the chairman of the French Union of Textile Industries (Union des industries textiles, or UIT) since 2000.

title: Guillaume Sarkozy


text: Category:Provinces of Burkina Faso

title: Category:Provinces of Burkina Faso