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Super Giant

Super Giant (スーパージャイアンツ) is a Japanese superhero featured in a successful series of serial-like tokusatsu short feature films produced between 1957 and 1959 by Shintoho (the non-union branch of Toho). He is also known in Japan as Giant of Steel (鋼鉄の巨人), is known in The United States as Starman, and known in France and Italy as Spaceman.

Japan's first onscreen superhero
Whereas Takeo Nagamatsu's 1930 kamishibai The Golden Bat (Ōgon Batto) was Japan's first modern superhero (and had many manga, anime and film adaptations), Shintoho's Super Giant was the first celluloid superhero (theatrically released in 1957), and the role model for many Japanese superheroes to come, especially Ultraman and Kamen Rider. Named "Super Giants" (plural), although the main character was only one person and obviously human-sized, the series' title was no doubt inspired by the American Adventures of Superman (which was then being broadcast in Japan) and the famous Japanese baseball team, the Yomiuri Giants (who were extremely popular at the time).

Moonlight Mask (Gekkō Kamen) became Japan's first made-for-television superhero when his TV show debuted in 1958, but Super Giant was Japan's first theatrical superhero series.

Character background
Super Giant is a human-like being created from the strongest steel by the Peace Council of the Emerald Planet. He is created to destroy evil and restore peace in the universe. Resembling a Japanese man in white tights/cowl (fitted with an antenna) and capes under his arms, he is virtually indestructible. He wears on his wrist a "Globe-Meter" device, which enables him to: He can also use it to disguise himself as an Earthling to walk among them. When sent to Earth to fight evildoers, he disguises himself as a Japanese man wearing an ordinary suit and fedora hat (looking almost like a police detective), but still uses his "Super Giant" name. His secret identity is not that secret, as he works with the Japanese authorities to help them fight evildoers. He is just as powerful in his civilian form. He also gets along with Earth children, and saves them from danger, as he knows that children represent the Earth's future. After accomplishing his mission, Super Giant always flies back to the Emerald Planet.
 * Fly through space
 * Detect radiation
 * Speak and understand any language

Super Giant was played in all nine films by respected film/TV actor Ken Utsui. However, Utsui hated playing Super Giant and, right up to his death, always played down the role. This was partially on account of the somewhat embarrassing costume, especially the overstuffed crotch area (he said the producers thought that female viewers were attracted to well-endowed men, so they stuffed the crotch area of Utsui's costume with cotton). Whatever Utsui's feelings about the role, his earnest and heroic interpretation of the character made lasting impact on a generation's children all over the world.

Super Giant
Super Giant (スーパー・ジャイアンツ 鋼鉄の巨人, Sūpā Jaiantsu) a.k.a. The Steel Giant, is a 1957 black and white Japanese film directed by Teruo Ishii.

Plot: Super Giant first appears on Earth to stop foreign terrorists who threaten to destroy Japan (and the rest of the world) with an atomic bomb. (Part 1 of 2).

This film is part of the U.S. version Atomic Rulers of the World.

Actors in the film include:
 * Ken Utsui as Super Giant
 * Junko Ikeuchi
 * Minoru Takada
 * Ryo Iwashita
 * Minako Yamada
 * Utako Mitsuya as Kaoru
 * Shōji Nakayama
 * Jōji Ōhara

Super Giant 2
Super Giant Continues (続スーパー・ジャイアンツ 続鋼鉄の巨人, Zoku Sūpā Jaiantsu) is a 1957 black and white Japanese film directed by Teruo Ishii.

Plot: Super Giant continues his battle against the foreign terrorists. In return, they frame him for murder. (Part 2 of 2)

This film is part of the U.S. version Atomic Rulers of the World.

Cast:
 * Ken Utsui as Super Giant
 * Utako Mitsuya as Kaoru Yamanaka
 * Shoji Nakayama as Detective Okamoto
 * Junko Ikeuchi as Toshiko
 * Takashi Yamaguchi as Minister of Justice

Super Giant 3
Super Giant - The Mysterious Spacemen's Demonic Castle (スーパー・ジャイアンツ 怪星人の魔城 - Sūpā Jaiantsu - Kaiseijin no Majō) is a 1957 black and white Japanese film directed by Teruo Ishii.

Plot: The reptile-like Kapia-Seijin prepare to conquer the Earth, and Super Giant must stop them. (Part 1 of 2).

This film is part of the U.S. version Invaders from Space.

Cast:
 * Ken Utsui as Super Giant
 * Masao Takamatsu
 * Akira Nakamura
 * Hiroshi Asami
 * Kotaro Sugiyama
 * Fujie Satsuki
 * Ryuji Shima
 * Yukio Obama
 * Yukio Sayama
 * Hiroshi Maki
 * Daijiro Kikukawa
 * Toru Chiba
 * Shinji Suzuki

Trivia: The Kapia-Seijin are based on the Japanese mythical creatures known as kappa (water imps).

Super Giant 4
Super Giant - Earth on the Verge of Destruction (スーパー・ジャイアンツ 地球滅亡寸前 - Sūpā Jaiantsu - Chikyū Metsubō Sunzen) is a 1957 black and white Japanese film directed by Teruo Ishii.

Plot: Super Giant continues his battle against the Kapia-Seijin, who not only send a mysterious witch after a group of children, but summon their almighty leader to alter Earth's rotation. (Part 2 of 2).

This film is part of the U.S. version Invaders from Space.

Super Giant 5
Super Giant - The Artificial Satellite and the Destruction of Humanity (スーパー・ジャイアンツ 人工衛星と人類の破滅 - Sūpā Jaiantsu - Jinkō Eisei to Jinrui no Hametsu) is a 1957 Japanese film directed by Teruo Ishii.

Plot: Super Giant pursues a Nazi-like army that operates on a huge satellite in space. The satellite is armed with weapons that could destroy whole cities on Earth from afar. (Part 1 of 2)

This film is part of the U.S. version Attack from Space.

Super Giant 6
Super Giant - The Spaceship and the Clash of the Artificial Satellite (スーパー・ジャイアンツ 宇宙艇と人工衛星の激突 - Sūpā Jaiantsu - Uchūtei to Jinkō Eisei no Gekitotsu) is a 1958 black and white Japanese film directed by Teruo Ishii.

Plot: Although he was believed to be destroyed by the Nazi-like army, Super Giant breaks into the satellite, and a long, riotous battle ensues. (Part 2 of 2)

This film is part of the U.S. version Attack from Space.

Trivia: It was after this film was made that director Teruo Ishii left the series, upon hearing of a child who imitated Super Giant (even wearing a hand-made cape) by jumping out of a window and landing on the street below, seriously injuring himself. This became a controversial liability issue with Japanese superhero programs (not unlike those in America), until shows like Android Kikaider (1972) added a safety bumper at the end of each episode, telling children not to imitate the impossible feats performed by the title superhero.

This was the last Super Giant film with a two-part story arc; the remaining films were stand-alone episodes, and none of them from this point on were directed by Teruo Ishii.

Super Giant 7
Super Giant - The Space Mutant Appears (スーパー・ジャイアンツ 宇宙怪人出現 - Sūpā Jaiantsu - Uchū Kaijin Shutsugen) is a 1958 black and white Japanese film directed by Akira Mitsuwa.

Plot: Super Giant battles a marauding alien brain-like creature created by a mad scientist and an alien army. (stand-alone episode)

This film is part of the U.S. version Evil Brain from Outer Space.

Cast:
 * Ken Utsui as Super Giant
 * Akira Nakamura as Dr. Sakurai
 * Tomohiko Otani as Dr. Kurokawa
 * Hiroshi Asami as Minoru Kawada
 * Den Kunikata as Detective Okamoto
 * Hiroshi Maki as Policeman A
 * Kyoji Murayama as Policeman B
 * Masao Takamatsu as Yamanaka, Prime Minister
 * Yoshijuro Suzuki as Satomi, Minister of Justice
 * Hiroshi Maki as Space Mutant A
 * Ryuji Shima as Space Mutant B

Trivia: The last Super Giant film shot in fullscreen.

Super Giant 8
Super Giant Continues - The Devil's Incarnation (続スーパー・ジャイアンツ 悪魔の化身 - Zoku Sūpā Jaiantsu - Akuma no Keshin) is a 1959 Color/Scope Japanese film directed by Chogi Akasaka.

Plot: Super Giant copes with a mad scientist (disfigured in World War II) who uses science and sorcery to turn his deceased daughter into an evil witch that murders women. (stand-alone episode)

This film is part of the U.S. version Evil Brain from Outer Space. Despite the fact it was filmed in color and Scope, footage from this episode was incorporated into the English-language film, converted to black and white. Evil Brain from Outer Space contains sequences featuring both the disfigured scientist and the witch creature. To fit within the US versions story arc, the witch is described as another "mutant".

Trivia: The only Super Giant film made in both color and widescreen (2.35:1).

Super Giant 9
Super Giant Continues - Kingdom of the Poison Moth (続スーパー・ジャイアンツ 毒蛾王国 - Zoku Sūpā Jaiantsu - Dokuga Ōkoku) is a 1959 black and white widescreen Japanese film directed by Chogi Akasaka.

Plot: Super Giant fights against an Arab terrorist army (who wear costumes that look similar to the aliens' costumes in The Space Mutant Appears) which plots to assassinate its nation's peaceful crown prince for his treasure. (stand-alone episode)

This film is part of the U.S. version Evil Brain from Outer Space.

Manga adaptations
Towards the end of the film series' run, there were manga adaptations of the Super Giant adventures. Artists included Tatsuo Yoshida and Jiro Kuwata.

American adaptations
The American company Walter Manley Enterprises purchased the international rights to Super Giant and with Medallion Films, repackaged the nine films into four films for U.S. television under the name Starman in 1964.

The first six installments were re-edited into three films -- Atomic Rulers of the World, Invaders from Space, and Attack from Space. The final three Japanese films were all re-edited into Evil Brain from Outer Space. The English dubbing was handled by Titra Studios of New York, using many of the voices common in dubbed films of the time, including Peter Fernandez. The original music soundtrack was largely replaced by library tracks.

title: Super Giant


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The Chris Farley Show

The Chris Farley Show was a sketch from the American comedy TV series Saturday Night Live, which involved comic actor Chris Farley, as a parody of himself, interviewing various celebrities. Rather than ask his guest questions that had any popular significance, or allow his guest to plug a current project, he would invariably act nervously, and simply describe scenes from a film in which the guest actor appeared (or occasionally films that had nothing to do with the guest). After asking the performer whether he remembered this particular event, Farley would relate, "That was awesome." Other times, he would ask questions that were of little relevance, or made no sense at all. Invariably, he would say something he regretted and would smack his head and call himself an idiot. The sketch accentuated Farley's shyness for comic effect.

Jeff Daniels
Jeff Daniels was the first guest of The Chris Farley Show when it premiered on October 5, 1991. Daniels was appearing to promote his newest movie, The Butcher's Wife. Daniels gives mostly yes or no answers to Farley's questions regarding whether or not he remembers certain scenes of movies. The episode also features a question from a caller, who mimics Farley's "d'you remember" questions. Eventually, Farley and the caller ignore Jeff Daniels and reminisce about the previous episode, in which the same caller asked Arnold Schwarzenegger a question.

Martin Scorsese
Martin Scorsese was the second guest on the show. Originally aired on November 16, 1991, Scorsese appeared to promote his film Cape Fear. As with the first sketch, Farley introduces himself, stumbles over his words, and eventually discusses action movies with his guest before taking a caller. The caller asks Scorsese a question germane to filmmaking, but Farley remarks she called in before, on an unseen show where he interviewed Bruce Willis. The conversation steers back to action films, in this case a minor scene from Die Hard, where Farley was impressed that John McClane had to make his way across a floor full of broken glass without shoes.

Paul McCartney
In the third and final Chris Farley Show sketch aired on February 13, 1993, Paul McCartney, that night's musical guest, was the guest on Farley's show. Farley acted awestruck and giddy in the former Beatle's presence, repeatedly asking ridiculous questions, typically starting with "Do you remember when you were in The Beatles?" or "That was a hoax, right?" in reference to rumors of McCartney's death, to which he gives one (or few) word answers. Farley attempts a serious question, asking about when the singer was arrested at Narita Airport for possession of marijuana, while McCartney replies he is ashamed and sensitive about that incident. Farley then says "I am so stupid!", and McCartney consoles him that being in show business he must face up to it, as he was asked the same question by Maria Shriver earlier. Farley then trails off, saying Shriver is married to Arnold Schwarzenegger, then asks, "Did you see Terminator?" This is the only Chris Farley Show sketch not to feature a guest caller, and as the scene fades out, Farley is conversing with McCartney recommending the Schwarzenegger film.

Biography title
A biographical novel named after the sketch, The Chris Farley Show: A Biography in Three Acts was released on May 6, 2008, and was co-written by Tom Farley, Jr. (Chris Farley's brother) and Tanner Colby. It features anecdotes by his friends and family. The novel was named Amazon Best of the Month by Amazon.com in May, 2008. Co-author Colby is also credited with co-writing John Belushi's biography, Belushi: A Biography. Farley was notorious for following in the footsteps of Belushi, both dying at age 33 from drug-related heart attacks.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: The Chris Farley Show


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Gay horse

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Trilobite (Talk) 14:26, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Gay horse
vanity/non-notable - This was marked for speedy deletion, but vanity is not a category for speedy deletion. Gblaz 21:19, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete per Gblaz. Ridethefire3211 21:35, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete nn vanity. But for once, not a high school rock band. Refreshing. --Etacar11 02:15, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete DJ Clayworth 03:21, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete band vanity. JamesBurns 05:57, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete -- Dominus 12:55, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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User:71Demon

I am a 1990 Graduate of Frostburg State University, a member of the US 50 Association.

Corner Stones of Freedom

 * If man in the state of nature be so free, as has been said; if he be absolute lord of his own person and possessions, equal to the greatest, and subject to no body, why will he part with his freedom? -- John Locke, Two Treatises of Government (1689)

 * No person shall <sic> be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation. -- Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution

Freedom 1, Zoning 0

 * A regulation that deprives an owner of all economically beneficial uses of land constitutes a taking unless the proscribed use interests were not part of the title to begin with. In other words, a law or decree with the effect of depriving all economically beneficial use must do no more than duplicate the result that could have been achieved in the courts under the law of nuisance. --Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council June 29, 1992

The threat of Zoning

 * The theory of Communism may be summed up in the single sentence: Abolition of private property. -- Das Manifest der Kommunistischen Partei (1848), by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels

The threat of Eminent domain

 * The governmental taking of property from one private owner to give to another in furtherance of economic development constitutes a permissible "public use" under the Fifth Amendment. Supreme Court of Connecticut affirmed. -- Kelo v. City of New London 23 June 2005

More Stuff
Please click here to leave me a new message.

The Man has a plan
Wiki can be a lot better User talk:Fabartus/Wet noodle award

Articles to which I have been a leading contributor

 * Appalachian Development Highway System and its Corridor's
 * US 220
 * Mineral County, West Virginia
 * West Virginia State Highways
 * Potomac River
 * Northwestern Turnpike

title: User:71Demon


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User:Jekoko/Talk Archive June 2005

Archive content 6-30-05 Welcome!

Hello, and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my Talk page. Again, welcome! - Mgm|(talk) 20:08, Jun 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing, policy, conduct, and structure tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style
 * If you're ready for the complete list of Wikipedia documentation, there's also Topical index.

Cleanup Taskforce
I'm also a member of the Cleanup Taskforce, so if you need help with that desk just let me know. Mgm|(talk) 20:08, Jun 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * As I said in my welcome Four tildes (~) produces your name and the current date. Signing your post couldn't be easier. - Mgm|(talk) 20:28, Jun 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * As for the parameters:   usually does the trick. If the parameters in the template are just numbers, you can leave out the parameter= part of above code. - Mgm|(talk) 20:28, Jun 2, 2005 (UTC)
 * Hi - I see you're coming along nicely and have connected with a Cleanup Taskforce member. BTW - the link on your main user page to your desk needs to have a capital 'D'.  The rules for when capitalization is important and when it isn't are a little complicated, although linking to the exact capitalization of an article name will always work.  Hope you have fun here! -- Rick Block (talk) 01:32, Jun 3, 2005 (UTC)

Thanks, Rick, for the help and encouragement. "McGyver" has been a big help also. The link should be fixed by now. I do like it here. Jekoko 01:45, 3 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Answers to a few more newbie questions == ==

1) What is the policy for removing a cleanup or other template after you've finished an edit? 2) Aren't the cleanup templates supposed to go on the respective talk pages, not on the article itself? 3) Why are the only dated cleanups for September 2004 and May 2005?
 * In general try to make sure that it's wikified and formatted and uses proper grammar and spelling (consistent American, British or whatever type of English you used). The more it looks like a good article, the better reason you have to remove the template. Also, the articles talk page is linked in the cleanup template and should give an idea on what problems caused it to be tagged in the first place. Try to resolve those at the very least.
 * Some people think they should, but since the articles talk page is linked on the main Cleanup template, I think it would be silly. Besides, it wouldn't draw as much editors as it does now, because editors casually browsing by the article, wouldn't notice the tag if it was on talk.
 * There is a list with tagged articles on WP:CU. Someone reformed it a while back and suddenly people didn't use it anymore. The categories it used made it nearly impossible to check which articles had been tagged recently. Now you can see of a lot of articles when they are tagged and what the problem is. (Try to check the date a tag was added in this list and remove entries to fixed articles if you can find them). Can you be a bit clearer on what you mean with dated cleanups?

Hope that helped a bit. - Mgm|(talk) 20:33, Jun 6, 2005 (UTC) Archive content for July 31, 2005

Please see User talk:Jekoko/Cleanup links
I've added a long response there. I'd be curious about your reactions. JesseW 2 July 2005 08:08 (UTC)

 * Hey, JesseW, I'm not ignoring you, just super busy right now. Thanks for the details on the Cleanup Mess. I'll get back to you as soon as I can! Jekoko 6 July 2005 15:49 (UTC)

Thanks for cleaning up statutory construction
Thanks for cleaning up statutory construction and related sections. I broke it up like that because several articles referred to specific rules that, when linked to directly, made for better reading, IMO. Cheers 68.17.159.158 04:46, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Hey, no problem. Glad I could help. Stay cool. Jekoko 19:20, 28 July 2005 (UTC)

title: User:Jekoko/Talk Archive June 2005


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Theresa Randle

Theresa Randle is an American actress. She has appeared in films such as Malcolm X (1992), Beverly Hills Cop III (1994), Space Jam (1996), Spawn (1997) and the Bad Boys franchise (1995–2020).

Life and career
In 1983, Randle appeared in a George Clinton video, "Last Dance". In 1987, she got her first big-screen break with Maid to Order. For the next three years, she appeared in small roles in films such as Easy Wheels and Heart Condition (1990), with Denzel Washington. She continued in small roles by directors like Abel Ferrara (King of New York [1990]) and Spike Lee (Jungle Fever [1991] and Malcolm X [1992]). Randle also starred with Wesley Snipes in the film Sugar Hill (1994) and also appeared with Eddie Murphy in Beverly Hills Cop III in the same year. She co-starred in CB4 (1993) with Chris Rock, and Bad Boys (1995) with Will Smith and Martin Lawrence, later reprising in the sequels Bad Boys II and Bad Boys for Life. In 1996, she earned her first starring role in Spike Lee's film Girl 6, playing a young out-of-work actress who gets caught up in the seductive yet dark world of phone sex, a subject that's far different from what Spike Lee normally explores in his films. It is often regarded as Lee's most maligned and underappreciated film both critically and commercially as it grossed a dismal $4.9 million on a $12 million budget, and is Randle's only leading role to date. Later that year she appeared in Space Jam (1996) with Michael Jordan and the film adaptation of the comic book Spawn in 1997.

After 1997, Randle's career cooled considerably and her roles (mostly television projects) became more sporadic. Her next project was not until the year 2000 when she portrayed singer Natalie Cole in Livin' for Love: The Natalie Cole Story. In 2006, Randle played Marine Capt. Amy Jennings in The Hunt for Eagle One and The Hunt for Eagle One: Crash Point. She later had a role in Shit Year, released in 2010. After 1997's Spawn, Randle's only theatrical releases were 2003's Bad Boys II and 2020's Bad Boys for Life, which was her first project (theatrical or televised) in ten years. In 2023 it was announced that her role in the Bad Boys franchise would be filled by actress Tasha Smith in the fourth film in the series.

During her time making movies, Randle also made guest appearances on various television sitcoms and dramas. In 1989, she had a guest starring role in A Different World, followed by a minor role in "The Apartment", an episode of the hit television sitcom Seinfeld two years later. In 2006, Randle signed on to play Patricia Kent on Law & Order: Criminal Intent, replacing Courtney B. Vance as the assistant district attorney assigned to the Major Case Squad, but only appeared in two episodes. In 2007, Randle was a regular cast member of the Lifetime show State of Mind as Dr. Cordelia Banks.

title: Theresa Randle


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Princess Märtha Louise of Sweden

Crown princess Märtha might have the title "Princess of Sweden", but i can hardly believe that anyone in Sweden know who she was. Still, she's the king mother of Norway, and in living memory as "Crown princess Märtha". She should not be mixed up with "Märtha Louise", princess of Norway. I suggest that the content being moved to "Märtha, crown princess of Norway". Mahlum 21:21, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * don´t really see what the problem is with the title? Antares911 8 July 2005 17:56 (UTC)

 * Keep. Rename. The article should be at Märtha of Sweden, which is the reasoable place for it according to WP naming conventions. (I oppose deletion - I desire it moved to correct heading.) 217.140.193.123 12:57, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

The Naming Conventions say: When dealing with a Crown Prince/ss of a state, use the form "{name}, Crown Prince/ss of {state}" unless there is a clear formal title awarded to a prince which defines their status as crown prince (eg, 'Charles, Prince of Wales', 'Felipe, Prince of Asturias', etc). Hence, the correct article name will be: "Märtha, Crown Princess of Norway". At least, "Louise" is incorrect from all points of view, and should be deleted to avoid confusion. Mahlum 14:07, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Strictly speaking, that means only a crown princess suo jure, such as Victoria of Sweden. And also, it may be valid to a living crown princess, cf the case of Queen Sophia of Spain. But Märtha is now dead and was a consort, different rule applies. However, as she died before her husband ascended the throne (and she was not queen consort consequently), it COULD be a twisted case. If she had been a queen consort, she will be at Märtha of Sweden unquestionably. I have made the suggestion regarding her as equivalent of queen consort - she was at least a royal consort, to whom the same rule seems to be applied quite often, if always. However, a (less than reasonable) case could be made that as crown princess consort, she should be treated like Princess Alice of United Kingdom who was grand duchess consort but never a queen, thus Märtha would be Princess Märtha of Sweden. I vote for the simpler of these two - i.e, for Märtha of Sweden. 217.140.193.123 16:14, 13 July 2005 (UTC)
 * If this is the case, then what is the meaning of: "Use the most senior title received by a royal personage." Apparently, this does not apply to consorts. But how can the consort of Harald V then become "Queen Sonja of Norway"? "Märtha of Sweden" sounds odd, anyway. As does "Princess Maud of Wales" Mahlum 01:19, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

Most senior rule does not mean dead consorts (who as a whole class are a sort of exception to senior idea). Sonja is living, therefore so. Same as with Queen Sophia of Spain. Queen Maud should not have "Princess" in her heading, as she was queen consort. We can twist eternally would she better be Maud of Wales or Maud of Great Britain or Maud of the United Kingdom. 217.140.193.123 13:30, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

Consequently, Maud was born "Princess Maud of Wales", became "Maud of Norway" when she was queen, and then "Maud of Wales" after she was dead. Have I got this right now? But what will become of Sonja when she is no longer among us? Mahlum 18:18, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

Well, if Sonja lives not so long as Wikipedia's this naming convention, she will be Sonja Haraldsen when pushing daisies... I think that even as widow, she will be yet Sonja, Queen of Norway (= dowager queen). Maud, if had lived when Wikipedia existed, would have been here Maud, Queen of Norway when alive. And, let me stress that Maud of Wales implies higher standing than Princess Maud of Wales as in the former, the briefness connotates that there is no need to define her further (everyone should know that she is "the" one). 217.140.193.123 19:06, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks for your guidance into Wikis's naming conventions, strange as they may seem. I wonder if they just happened to be this way, or if they are in accordance with any international standard of naming nobilty and royals. Mahlum 21:14, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

The "dead consort" naming comes directly from academic practice of history and encyclopedias - I think otherwise it would never have gained any support here. There are practical reasons: consorts do not have ordinals. Certain first names, such as Mary, Catherine, Margaret, Louise, Isabella and Elisabeth have been very usual. Any history or encyclopedia will be in deep trouble if there are the following clearly distinct personages: Queen Margaret of Denmark, Queen Margaret of Denmark, Queen Margaret of Denmark and Queen Margaret of Denmark. (Do you have any good recipe to distinguish them from each other - using words that have been used of them preferably in their own lifetime, i.e not artificial means). 217.140.193.123 22:32, 15 July 2005 (UTC)

I see the point. Although neither princes nor princesses have ordinals, there will be fewer cases of ambiguity with the present rules. Still, "Princess Märtha Louise of Sweden" has to be deleted, and the content moved to "Märtha of Sweden". Mahlum 07:40, 16 July 2005 (UTC)

Actually, we do not delete a good article, we move it (= keep and rename). We do not move only content (that would be called as cut-and-paste and is deeply abhorred here, as the edit history vanishes), we move the whole article. That thing which should be deleted, is the present redirect page Märtha of Sweden, so that the old page could be moved into that place as a whole. 217.140.193.123 11:18, 16 July 2005 (UTC)

No arguing about the principles. Still, an article with an obviously wrong entry and the possibility of bringing confusion about the identity of two different persons can't be saved. Mahlum 12:54, 16 July 2005 (UTC)

It seems that the discussants have practically reached a consensus that this bio should be at Märtha of Sweden. The discussion had been going over a week, and for a couple of recent days, there has been no comments - after sort of consensus was found. I'll remove the warnings etc, and place the article in the agreed location. Discussion (if needed) can be continued in the article's talk page, Talk:Märtha of Sweden. Arrigo 09:08, 19 July 2005 (UTC)


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Cassatt

Cassatt may refer to:

People

 * Alexander Cassatt (1839–1906), president of the Pennsylvania Railroad
 * Edward B. Cassatt (1868–1922), American soldier and breeder of thoroughbred horses, son of Alexander
 * Edward R. Cassatt (1839–1907), American politician from Iowa
 * Elsie Foster Cassatt (1875–1931), American sportswoman, daughter of Alexander
 * Mary Cassatt (1833–1926), American painter, sister of Alexander

Other

 * Cassatt, South Carolina, unincorporated community, United States
 * Cassatt Quartet, also known as Cassatt String Quartet
 * 6936 Cassatt (6573P-L), asteroid

Companies

 * Cassatt & Company, a brokerage and investment banking firm in existence from 1872 to 1940
 * Cassatt Corporation, software company headed by William T. Coleman III

title: Cassatt


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Fresno FC U-23

Fresno Football Club U-23, formerly Fresno Fuego FC, was an American soccer team based in Fresno, California, United States. Founded in 2003, the team played in USL League Two, the fourth tier of the American Soccer Pyramid. The club drew an average home attendance of 3,951 in 2016, including league matches, divisional playoffs and exhibitions against professional clubs.

History
Fresno Fuego FC made their debut in PDL competition in 2003, having picked up the franchise rights in 2002 by then partners Jaime Marquez Sr., J. Francisco Alvarez, J. Antonio Alvarez & Jaime Marquez Jr. from the former PDL champions, the Central Coast Roadrunners from San Luis Obispo. Playing on the campus of San Joaquin Memorial High School, Fresno made a blistering start to their first campaign, scoring eight goals in back-to-back wins over Nevada Wonders, California Gold and Orange County Blue Star, with standout striker Orlando Ramirez. Fresno's impressive early season form also saw them qualify for the US Open Cup, where they made it all the way to the fourth round with victories over Chico Rooks, Utah Blitzz and El Paso Patriots, before they finally fell, 3–1, to Los Angeles Galaxy. Fresno's home form was superb during their first season, losing just one game – a 3–2 turnaround to California Gold – the entire year. Fuego's Latin American connection, led by Ramirez and Fabricio Codeceira was influential and by the end of their debut year they were sitting proudly atop the Southwest table, ahead of Orange County Blue Star on goal difference. The playoffs were a disappointment; after defeating Northwest champions Spokane Shadow, Fresno fell to Blue Star in the conference final.

2004 saw the Fuego move to a new home at Fresno Pacific University, but the change did not affect their on-field performances, which included two 5–1 thrashings of the San Diego Gauchos, and nine-goal haul over 2 games against California Gold. Orlando Ramirez, Edgardo Contreras, Jose Luis Espindola and Milton Blanco continued their free-scoring exploits, and by the end of the 18-game season they finished just four points behind divisional champs Orange County Blue Star, and for the second year in a row made the playoffs. This time, however, Fuego took the conference title after wins over Cascade Surge and Blue Star. However, progress on the national stage eluded them, a 3–0 defeat to central conference champs Boulder Rapids Reserve ending their dreams of the PDL title. Nevertheless, two straight trips to the playoffs was impressive for a 2-year franchise.

2005 saw expansion in the Southwest, and Fresno suffered a little. Despite opening strongly with 3 wins in their first 4 games, a mid-season slump saw them drop points against the Southern California Seahorses, California Gold and BYU Cougars. As a result, the gap between them and the divisional leaders – Blue Star and Seahorses – was too great, and despite winning 5 of their last 6 games – and scoring 15 goals in the process – they eventually finished third in the table. Veteran Edgardo Contreras and new signing Amaury Nunes were the top marksmen, knocking in 8 goals each, while Brazilian Fabricio Codeceira was a midfield dynamo, registering 7 assists for the season. Once again, Fresno's playoff campaign was a short one, falling to Orange County Blue Star in the first game.

2006 was more difficult still for Fuego. First of all, they found themselves without a permanent home stadium, and instead were forced to travel all over the city – to Golden West High School and Central High School amongst others – in search of a pitch on which to play. Secondly, even more expansion in the division raised the level of competition considerably. Fresno stuttered inconsistently through their opening games, beating San Diego Gauchos 5–2, then losing, 4–0, to Los Angeles Storm, thrashing San Diego, 4–0, then losing, 4–1, to the expansion San Francisco Seals. Fabricio Codeceira and Amaury Nunes remained potent in front of goal, netting 18 times between them, but their spotty form was their downfall, and by the end of the season head coach Jaime Ramirez's men were a distant fifth behind league leaders Orange County Blue Star and Southern California Seahorses.

2007 saw a huge change in fortunes for the Fuego. Before the season began the team signed a partnership with the AAA baseball franchise, the Fresno Grizzlies, resulting in cross-promotion, publicity, and a new home: Chukchansi Park in the heart of downtown Fresno. Buoyed by fan support which reached 3,000 spectators at home games, Fuego were resurgent: impressive early-season wins over the Southern California Seahorses and the San Fernando Valley Quakes kept them in the hunt for the playoffs, and their impressive home form meant that, by the end of the year, they were one of the four teams battling for the two playoff spots. A final-day 3–1 victory over the San Francisco Seals gave them the divisional title over the San Fernando Valley Quakes on goal difference; prolific Brazilian striker Pablo Campos scored two of his 18 goals, and cemented his position as the league-leading goalscorer. The playoffs, which were hosted by Fresno at Chukchansi, saw them demolish Tacoma Tide, 4–1, and then knock off Northwest champs BYU Cougars to take their second conference title; but once again their national challenge saw them fall at the first hurdle, losing, 1–0, to eventual PDL national champions Laredo Heat.

2008 was a year of continued growth for Fuego in business terms, unveiling a new logo, and building on their new 3,000-strong fan base and their relationship with the Fresno Grizzlies at Chukchansi Park. On-field, the team stuttered slightly in the opening month of the season, winning just one of their first three games, 2–1, away at Southern California Seahorses. By mid-season, however, Fuego were burning up their opposition, with striker Pablo Campos continuing his free-scoring ways. He scored two in the 4–3 win over Orange County Blue Star, a hat trick in the 4–0 home win against Bakersfield Brigade, two more in the 4–1 demolition at Lancaster Rattlers, and another hat trick in the 6–2 annihilation of Los Angeles Legends in late June. By this time, Campos had been spotted by international scouts, and before the end of the month he was off to GAIS in Gothenburg, Sweden, to begin his professional career, leaving Fresno to find a replacement marksman. Campos's send-off was a disappointing one, with Fresno losing, 4–1, at home to Ventura County Fusion in his farewell game, and it was almost as though Campos' impending departure was affecting Fuego. They suffered another 4–1 home loss in July, this time to the San Fernando Valley Quakes, and by the time the season finale came down, Fuego's lead had been whittled away. The final regular season game, away at San Fernando Valley Quakes, was a winner-take-all game for the divisional title. The Quakes won it, 2–1, to take the championship, but Fresno made it through to the post-season to host the Western Conference championship for the second year in succession. Their first-round game was a rematch against Northwest Conference champions Tacoma Tide; however, without Campos's firepower, Fresno were toothless in attack, and eventually fell, 3–0. Despite leaving mid-season, Pablo Campos was still Fuego's top scorer with 14 goals, while the ever-dependable Fabricio Codeceira contributed 13 assists.

Fresno suffered one of their worst seasons in several years in 2009. A general lack of firepower – the result of losing Pablo Campos and Amaury Nunes to the professional ranks – and a frustrating tendency to inconsistency kept the Fuego on the back from their opening game, which they lost, 1–0, to divisional new boys Hollywood United Hitmen. Fuego bounced back with a 3–0 win over the Los Angeles Legends, and played Lancaster Rattlers to an astonishing 5–5 tie at the end of May where they were 4–0 down at half time, fought back to lead, 5–4, only to concede a last minute equalizer. The season's high point was the 5–1 hammering of Orange County Blue Star in June in which Santiago Aguilera Navarro his a brace; the low point was the 7–1 annihilation they suffered at the hands of the Legends at home a week later. A middling run through the middle part of the season left Fuego playing catchup as July began, and despite winning three of their final five games – including a 3–0 victory over local rivals Bakersfield Brigade and a 3–1 final day victory over divisional champions Hollywood, they finished the season in fifth place, out of the playoffs for the first time in three seasons. Tyler Reinhart and Paul Islas were Fresno's top scorers, with 5 goals each.

2010 was a season of two halves for Fresno. The first half of the season was generally poor. They lost their opening game of the season, 3–0, to the Hollywood United Hitmen, bounced back to beat the Ogden Outlaws, 4–0, but then were annihilated, 7–2, by Orange County Blue Star. The season's nadir came in the return game against Orange County in early June when the Fuego, 3–0 up after 52 minutes, fell apart and somehow managed to lose, 4–3, thanks to a hat trick from OC's striker Amani Walker. Things began to change in mid-June thanks to an impressive 4–1 away win over the Lancaster Rattlers; following this victory, Fuego embarked on a marvellous 8-game unbeaten streak to the end of the season, comprising 6 wins and 2 ties. Milton Blanco scored a 90th-minute winner in a seesaw 4–3 victory over the Southern California Seahorses which saw three red cards. They came back from a 2–1 deficit to beat Los Angeles Azul Legends, 3–2, in early July, in a game which saw the Legends reduced to 8 men in the second half, and wiped the floor with Lancaster on the final day of the regular season with a 7–0 victory in which second-half substitute Gabriel Gonzalez hit a hat trick. Unfortunately for Fresno their early season form proved to be their undoing, and despite rising from the bottom of the table, eventually finished fourth in the division, and out of the playoffs. Veteran Fuego midfielder Fabricio Codeceira was the team's top performer, with 10 goals and 7 assists on the season.

In 2017, Fresno Fuego FC were acquired by Fresno FC. Fresno Fuego FC were renamed Fresno FC U-23 on February 8, 2018. Also announced that day is the team will wear the colors of their parent club Fresno FC.

On February 1, 2019 the Fresno FC, parent of Fresno FC U-23 places the team on hiatus until the club has its own facility.

Notable former players
This list of notable former players comprises players who went on to play professional soccer after playing for the team in the Premier Development League, or those who previously played professionally before joining the team.

 * 🇺🇸 Milton Blanco
 * 🇧🇷 Pablo Campos
 * 🇺🇸 Mike Chabala
 * 🇺🇸 Jose Cuevas
 * 🇺🇸 Cody Ellison
 * 🇺🇸 Devon Grousis
 * 🇺🇸 Ryan Kenny
 * 🇺🇸 Paul Moran
 * 🇺🇸 Alberto Navarro
 * 🇧🇷 Amaury Nunes
 * 🇺🇸 Nathan Smith
 * 🇨🇲 Cyprian Hedrick
 * 🇺🇸 Marcus Cabello (Executive)

Honors

 * USL PDL Southwest Division Champions (5) : 2003, 2004, 2007, 2011, 2013
 * USL PDL Central Pacific Division Champions: 2016
 * USL PDL Regular Season Champions: 2011
 * USL PDL Western Conference Champions: 2007

Head coaches

 * 🇲🇽 Jaime Ramirez (2003–2006)
 * 🇺🇸 Scott Alcorn (2007–2015)
 * 🇮🇪 Sean Lanigan (2016)
 * 🇺🇸 Brian Zwaschka (2016–2017)

Stadium

 * Stadium at San Joaquin Memorial High School; Fresno, California (2003)
 * Stadium at Fresno Pacific University; Fresno, California (2003–2005)
 * Stadium at Golden West High School; Visalia, California, 2 games (2006)
 * Stadium at Central High School; Fresno, California, 5 games (2006)
 * Chukchansi Park; Fresno, California (2006–2018)
 * Fresno State Soccer & Lacrosse Field, Fresno, California (2018)

title: Fresno FC U-23


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Murder City Devils

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. Sjakkalle (Check!)  14:19, 19 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Murder City Devils
Was marked as speedy deletion candidate. Does not qualify as such, IMHO. However, this article is very short, so I changed it to VfD Yoghurt 21:22, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep, 136,000 google hits, amazon.com sponsored link. Hitting notable bands with a speedy tag after 1 minute isn't very newbie-friendly . Kappa 21:26, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak Delete I don't see how the current article is better than no article at all. --Xcali 21:31, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep per Kappa. Stubs grow... - DS1953 23:18, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Very notable band, it can grow -CunningLinguist 00:57, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep and expand. Notable band with three albums released on Sub Pop therefore meeting WikiMusic project guidelines. Capitalistroadster 01:44, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep quite notable. Just needs expansion. --Etacar11 03:39, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Please note I have expanded the article. No change of vote from Keep. Capitalistroadster 10:12, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Just for the record, I'd also say keep. I have just VfD'ed it so that it does not get a again Yoghurt 13:05, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. I had marked this for speedy... must have typo'd the Google test or something... profuse apologies... #>_<# — flamingspinach | (talk) 15:14, 2005 Jun 8 (UTC)
 * Keep A band this prominent and influential needs an article; keep but improve. --drew 13:15 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


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Talk:Forensic psychiatry

Two distinct
Forensic Psychiatry and Forensic Psychology are two related but distinct subjects. Psychiatrists are Medical doctors who specialise in Psychiatry and then superspecialise in Forensic Psychiatry. (Similar to a doctor who may first specialise in Medicine and then superspecialise in Cardiology). Forensic psychiatrists specialise in the assessment and treatment of mentally disordered offenders. They often work at the interface of Psychiatry and the Legal profession, functioning as expert witnesses in court room settings.

Forensic Psychology is practiced by Forensic Psychologists. Psychologists are not medical doctors in the United States, and unlike medical doctors, they can only diagnose medical conditions within the scope of their practice. Generally these diagnoses must be for medical conditions listed in the "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders". . Also unlike medical doctors, most psychologists in the U.S. cannot prescribe medication. In recent years, both New Mexico(in 2002) and Louisiana(in 2004) enacted laws allowing some psychologists to prescribe medications for psychological conditions. To obtain prescriptive privileges, psychologists in these states must obtain a post-doctoral masters degree or equivalent in psychopharmacology, pass a licensing exam related to the prescription of psychoactive medications, and meet other requirements. Psychologists in the U.S. military are also allowed to prescribe with the proper training. Psychologists commonly employ therapy to treat psychological conditions, whereas psychiatrists are more likely to focus on treatment via the use of medication or other medical solutions. Forensic Psychologists are specialists in assessing personality and making predictions of risk among offenders (predominantly mentally disordered offenders) They also provide therapies such as the Sex Offenders Treatment Program (SOTP), Enhanced Thinking Skills (ETS) to offender populations.

Cremice (talk) 06:25, 6 February 2014 (UTC)

Accuracy
I am not sure if any private sector "medium secure units" exist in Britain. I work in this sector and I am aware of several but all are NHS owned and run. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by Ianmurray5 (talk • contribs) 11:04, 12 December 2006 (UTC).

Katrina R. Moss's book, Medium Secure Psychiatric Provision in the Private Sector (Aldershot: Ashgate 1998 ISBN 1-84014-310-X) is largely about a comparison between two NHS units and Stockton Hall, a psychiatric hospital owned by Partnerships in Care, an organisation previously known as AMI and earlier still as American Medical International. Medium secure units are also run by Care Principles (e.g. Linden House in Yorkshire and Rowan House in Norfolk) and Castlebeck Care. They all have web sites. NRPanikker 03:48, 20 October 2007 (UTC)

There are loads of them. Westminster Healthcare, The Priory, St Andrews Hospital, Partnerships in Care... —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.142.156.123 (talk) 22:22, 13 January 2010 (UTC)

Quality
this article needs some work. the grammar in the opening paragraph is atrocious and not suitable for wikipedia content.

 * For those looking to help clean this article up, a good amount of content and over 100 good references can be found in this article, The Rebirth of Forensic Psychiatry in Light of Recent Historical Trends in Criminal Responsibility

Canada
The section on forensic psychiatry in Canada reads like a poorly written editorial in a poorly-edited college newspaper (you know, the kind with glaring grammatical and spelling errors in the headlines). I started working on cleaning it up until I saw that it just went on and on and on. I was tempted to outright delete the whole thing as I had done with a couple of paragraphs already. Maybe each paragraph could be summarized as a sentence that also contains the opposing argument, as per NPOV policy. Even aside from the low quality and high bias of the writing (nothing personal to the author, just looking to improve the article), there's way too much text for the section; for pete's sake, the section is almost longer than the whole rest of the article.. anyway, if nobody else comes to the rescue here, I will probably delete the entire section and simply start over -- seems like that might be the best course of action in any case. I wish to give the author(s) the courtesy of the chance to improve their content rather than find it erased and paved over, so to speak. Mr0t1633 (talk) 08:56, 12 November 2009 (UTC)

Significant controversies
Per WP:MOS (lede) - "summarize the most important points—including any prominent controversies". I added such material to the lede, and a construction tag. I will develop the material in a section of the body. Please discuss, add more reliable sources, and suggest similar material to add to the article body. ParkSehJik (talk) 00:10, 27 November 2012 (UTC)

 * Yes, "summarize". The paragraph you added does not summarize anything in the article. Also, most of it is not even relevant to forensic psychiatry. And on top of that most of it is undue weight to minority positions. Tagging various things in the first paragraph as either "citation needed" or as "dubius" seems to be about trying to make a point. --Harizotoh9 (talk) 01:07, 28 November 2012 (UTC)

 * 1. Three sentences is a short summary. Content will be added to the article and expanded beyond these three sentences.
 * 2. What is your source that this is a "minority" position? I would not be surprised if any survey done did not show it was a majority position.
 * 3. Even if you find a source that it is a minority position, the primier journals in the field repeatedly devote articles to these same points, indicating it is a significant minority position, no matter what the size of the minority. What is your means of weighing that trumps the editors of those jounrals finding the positions significant enought to devote mutiple journal articles to it? (There are hundreds more MEDRS articles I will select from for material in the article body. ParkSehJik (talk) 02:37, 28 November 2012 (UTC)

I've removed it as being hopeless WP:POV, WP:BATTLE, and more general WP:NOT violations. --Ronz (talk) 17:42, 28 November 2012 (UTC)
 * What do you mean by "hopeless" POV? These are mainstream RS and MEDRS sources stating peer reviewed facts about this article topic. The sources are mainstream surces, the top journals on the topic in the world.
 * 10% of legal opinions (re forensic psychiatry) termed or compared expert witnesses to “hired guns”, “whores”, or “prostitutes”. (source - Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 27:414 –25, 1999 – 2). Prosecutors made the plurality of the comments. This is not just a review of usage on the street, this is a review of legal opinions. 10% of legal opinions, the majority of which are by prosecutors, is significant per MOS (lede), and is in no way UNDUE. And that is just a citation of what is in the legal record, so it the very most conservative number on prevalence of opinion in the legal profession.

 * There is also RS that such usage has a rational basis in the way the profession is currently practiced, of which I am compiling. Here are four of many RS on the topic - (1. “Hired guns,” “whores,” and “prostitutes”: case law references to clinicians of ill repute, D. Mossman, Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 27:414 –25, 1999 – 2. Whores of the Court: The Fraud of Psychiatric Testimony and the Rape of American Justice, Hagen MA, New York: HarperCollins, 1997 – 3. Reel Forensic Experts: Forensic Psychiatrists as Portrayed on Screen, Susan Hatters Friedman, MD, Cathleen A. Cerny, MD, Sherif Soliman, MD, and Sara G. West, MD, J Am Acad Psychiatry Law 39:412–17, 2011.

 * Hagan criticized the methods of clinical assessment and psychological testing (in an evidence based and very reasoned and manner) and argued that mental health testimony is business rather than science, which is only a small part of the many bases of my placement of the Dubious tag on “medicine” re forensic psychiatry, and thereby on "all of psychiatry" being medicine. I was ridiculed as not being worthy of responding to re my arguments to keep the content I put in with MEDRS, with no sourcing for the ridicule, and simply because I put a dubious tag per the MEDRS and RS. This is not a good way to treat editors, nor is it a good basis for editing andarguing on talk, citing "common knowledge" to trump MEDRS sourced info.

 * Samuel Gross (a Michigan Law School prof) writes “The contempt of lawyers and judges for experts is famous. They regularly describe expert witnesses as prostitutes.” This is RS for the use of “famous”, in addition to the source I provided describing “frequent” use of the expression. No wiki editor critical of my edits is citing any sources to base their opinions. The New York Times published similar remarks re being partisans rather than science based medical practitioners (In U.S., expert witnesses are partisan, Liptak A, New York Times. August 12, 2008, p A1).

 * This is not just a “minority” “opinion”, and my recitation of what is in highly MEDRS and RS sources is not POV. It is citing sources. Deletions based on editors (likely as yet uninformed) opinions are not justified. I expect that in the end, these editors, likely deleting in good faith, will read the RS and MEDRS literature, and the material will gradually go into the article. In the meantime, editors should stop attacking me because they are uninformed as to what is in the MEDRS and RS sources, and is a prevalent, if not dominant, view in the legal, medical, and scientific community. ParkSehJik (talk) 19:10, 28 November 2012 (UTC)
 * The pov is inherently unencyclopedic. --Ronz (talk) 20:18, 28 November 2012 (UTC)
 * There is no POV. These are mainstream RS and MEDRS, for the most poart reporting facts and statistics from objective studies. What does "inherently unencyclopedic pov" mean, and what are the ojective criteria for establishing it? ParkSehJik (talk) 05:50, 29 November 2012 (UTC)
 * "There is no POV." Sorry, but that sentence makes no sense from the perspective of WP:NPOV.
 * The material is unsuitable for this article as was proposed, and most likely any other article, violating multiple policies, especially WP:NOT. You've brought up the same points again and again across multiple talk pages. I suggest carefully reading and responding to and . --Ronz (talk) 06:22, 29 November 2012 (UTC)
 * I will read as you suggest, but you are not responding to my questions re your edits. What does "inherently unencyclopedic pov" mean, and what are the ojective criteria for establishing it? How does WP:NOT apply, when I am only regurgitating controversy content from RS? ParkSehJik (talk) 07:02, 29 November 2012 (UTC)
 * I suggest you respond to those comments first so we can get beyond statements like "There is no POV." --Ronz (talk) 18:07, 29 November 2012 (UTC)

 * The opinions held by judges and attorneys of members of a profession does not aid in explaining the profession, nor are accurately measured opinions indicative of the actual reliability of members of that profession. An accurate statistic of how common an opinion is has no bearing on the validity of the opinion itself.  In an article about accountants, there is no reason to provide a statistic indicating that 50% of bankers are of the opinion that accountants are liars, even if it's an accurate statistic.  It doesn't prove they're liars and it doesn't further understanding on the subject of accountants.  It's not even an opinion, but a statistic based on an opinion.Cremice (talk) 07:09, 6 February 2014 (UTC)

Should the psychiatry, forensic psychiatry, and related articles be held to a lower MEDRS standard than alternative medicine and its related articles?
Discussion re uniform application of MEDRS standards to all WP articles is here.

Following discussion re MEDRS, ontologic status of psychiatric categories, and controversy re the scientific methodologies for attaching the term "disease", "disorder", and :lifetime" to the categories (if they really exist, e.g., Penis envy), in the psychiatry, forensic psychiatry, Bipolar disorder, and related article talk pages, FiachraByrne correctly wrote (bolfaced added by me for emphasis of most relevant part, and whose comment I may have distorted by excerpting just a part of it in order to raise the following issue) -

 * "Psychiatry is one of the oldest medical specialisms. It's designation as medical practice is a disciplinary/professional attribute that has little to do with the actual content of psychiatric knowledge or the nature of psychiatric practice. To establish this it is unnecessary to evaluate whether in any or all instances psychiatry adheres to the so-called 'scientific method'."

However, the designation of psychatry always being medicine, and not just some parts of it, with the associated implications of established efficacy in healing real diseases, at Wikipedia, is a WP:MEDRS issue, not just a matter of determining the common usage on the street. The part of FiachraByrne's comment quoted above raises issues being glossed over by other editors at those multiple talk pages, where it is declared to be "common knowledge" that psychiatry is for the most part evidence and science based, that its designated categories (eg., penis envy and bipolar disorder) are real, that the DSM designation of their being "disorders" estabishes with MEDRS that they are, and that they are lifetime, and questioning this violated WP:COMMONSENSE, and is WP:BATTLE because it is unquestionable, even with MEDRS and RS saying otherwise, all because Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), the self-proclaimed "bible" for practitioners, is always unque3stionably MEDRS. Furthermore, RS and MEDRS content is being totally deleted from any WP:MOS (lede) "controversy" paragraph as being UNDUE, by simply citing the declarations in DSM, even when contradicted by other MEDRS sources.

The same WP:MEDRS standards should be applied to psychiatry as to alternative medicine articles. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is also one of the oldest "medical" practices. There is rigorous enforcement by WP:MEDRS hawks (of which I am one) that assertions re TCM being healing "medicine", as defined in that article and by MEDRS standards. The only allowable edits are that TCM practitioners "claim" to heal. TCM uses supernatural etiological objects ("qi" flow blockage causing qi, not the heart, to propel the blood inadequately), and outright false statements about anatomies, developed without the "cutting" of the "tom" in "anatomy" (Greek "tom" means "cut", as in "a-tom" – meaning not further able to be cut, as atoms were thought to be), has also historically been designated "medicine". MEDRS has different standards than accepted common usage, and for good reasons well argued in setting up the policy.

 * Should the psychiatry, forensic psychiatry, Bipolar disorder, and related articles be held to a lower WP:MEDRS standard than alternative medicine and its related articles, as to its designation as a healing "medicine", with implications to claims of efficacy and intent of all areas of its practice (e.g., forensic psychiatry, or psychiatry practiced under the color of being "medicine" at Guantanamo), when there are substantial MEDRS sourced content that at, least part of psychiatry, is not based on science at all, and other parts are not intended to heal anything?

 * Should Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders V be continued to be unquestioned as MEDRS, and citec as "common knowledge" which, if questioned with MEDRS or RS, is claimed to be WP:BATTLE and violate WP:COMMON SENSE, as was DSM IV, especially in light of comments such as that of Allen Frances, chair of the DSM-IV Task Force - "DSM 5 will accept diagnoses that achieve reliabilities as unbelievably low as 0.2-0.4 (barely beating the level of chance agreement two monkeys could achieve throwing darts at a diagnostic board".

Discussion is here.

ParkSehJik (talk) 19:44, 29 November 2012 (UTC)

 * Note, discussion was moved to MEDRS per this exchange -

This is not a proper venue for such comments. See WP:TALK, WP:DR, and WP:CANVAS. --Ronz (talk) 17:57, 29 November 2012 (UTC)
 * Where do you suggest moving the discussion to? I will read what you suggest more fully. WP:Canvas cannot apply since I have yet to form an opinion as to the answer to my own question. I am noticing editors to get a full discussion and as many perspectives as possible. I expect my views on the answer to my own question will fluctuate as different reasoned views and RS supporting them are made by others. ParkSehJik (talk) 18:11, 29 November 2012 (UTC)

Criticism of Forensic Psychiatry
I have included this section with perfectly valid points (some of which, reasonably, ought NOT to require citations). Also, if you think that the assertions made do not meet verifiability standards, I think that (after the forthcoming citations are provided) there is an obligation upon whoever wishes to revert the page edit to justify their position. If given a reasonable time period, I will provide citations. ASavantDude (talk) 21:51, 18 July 2016 (UTC)
 * You start with adding with citations to reliable sources, not stating that no one can revert because you may or may not add sources at some point in the future. Yobol (talk) 22:36, 18 July 2016 (UTC)
 * Agreed. Please review WP:MEDRS regarding any health-related claims. --Ronz (talk) 22:42, 18 July 2016 (UTC)

A Broad View of Forensic Psychiatry
To many who contribute to the topic of Forensic Psychiatry, the field defined by Wikipedia ignores other important medical-legal categories within forensic psychiatry. The emphasis of the existing Wikipedia definition is almost entirely on the application of psychiatry within the criminal justice system. While criminal cases represent a central element for the use of forensic psychiatrists, it is by no means the entire focus of this subspecialty of psychiatry. I attribute this inattention to other important applications of psychiatry to disputed legal matters to the training in forensic fellowships and the emphasis placed upon criminology at professional meetings of forensic psychiatrists, and also forensic psychologists.

Forensic psychiatrists are used in family law matters involving child custody and assisting the court with what is in the best interest of the child. Just as psychiatric testimony is considered about a criminal defendant’s competency to stand trial or participate in his/her defense, psychiatric opinions are commonly considered regarding a person’s competence to create or amend a will or trust. Psychiatry is essential in determining the extent of disability or impairment in workers' compensation, Social Security, and long-term disability systems. There need be no criminal dispute in cases of malpractice and licensing of physicians, yet psychiatrists are again relied upon by juries, judges and licensing boards. This Wikipedia definition of forensic psychiatry ignores personal injury and other civil proceedings where psychiatrists, and psychologists, provide opinions regarding allegations of emotional distress and damages that are crucial to those type of cases.

I am a clinical professor of psychiatry at a major medical center and school of medicine. I avoid criminal cases for several reasons. I have not studied the precedent criminal cases which my colleagues better understand. I have had enough exposure to locked facilities and the patients or inmates who reside in such institutions. It’s not my cup of tea, so to speak, just as I might say is the case for child psychiatry or other fields of medicine such as general surgery. That being the case, I consider myself a forensic psychiatrist. I am also an occupational psychiatrist. I routinely am relied upon in disputed cases of work-related injury, both physical and mental. I provide opinions about fitness for duty, most notably dealing with police-involved shootings. There are cases in which psychiatric testimony is needed to make a determination of industrial versus non-industrial retirement benefits. Claims of sexual and other forms of harassment without a doubt rely upon the opinions of psychiatric and psychological experts.

Intertwined with work-related injury claims are third-party lawsuits, and occasionally assessments of workplace safety, that make use of a psychiatrist’s formulation. If the issue of malingering must be considered by the court in certain criminal cases, the veracity of the claimant is also an issue in most occupational and other civil disputes. Should it not be the role of a highly trained forensic psychiatrist to determine whether somatization, symptom exaggeration, a factitious disorder, &/or malingering account for the clinical presentation in these type of injury claims?

I could go on, but my point is that a significant portion of legal cases that make use of forensic psychiatric testimony have nothing to do with the criminal justice system. I am asking for a response from my fellow forensic psychiatrists. I could have listed citations to support my premise. Rather, I chose to keep my point simple. The Wikipedia definition of Forensic Psychiatry should be amended to include the many other applications of this subspecialty of psychiatry beyond the intersection of psychiatry and criminology. After all, the premier professional association of forensic psychiatry is entitled “The American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law,” of which I am a member. It is not named, “The American Academy of Psychiatry and Criminal Law.” If there is a consensus that the existing definition should be broadened, I am willing to put forth a draft, with citations, of an amendment to the definition as a new section within Forensic Psychiatry. The goal is enhance the current definition and in no way remove what is already present.WorkingMansShrink (talk) 17:47, 19 March 2021 (UTC)

American Spelling
A user recently converted something that I put in a long time ago about specialised Forensic Psychiatric units for learning disabled in-patients to American spelling. As this was in a section dealing with practice in the UK, I thought it was appropriate to revert from colonial to British spelling. NRPanikker (talk) 17:51, 9 April 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: Brain Tips
— Assignment last updated by Kenna.quattro (talk) 18:00, 5 March 2024 (UTC)

 * @Kenna.quattro. Your edits to this article were pretty good. Thanks for making them. You can see a couple things I changed by clicking here. Please be careful of a tone that is too persuasive / stating opinions as fact, and please try to add at least one citation per paragraph. Oh also, one of your citations was just a link to the PubMed homepage, I think you forgot to put the paper title/PMID. Please fix at your convenience. Happy editing. – Novem Linguae (talk) 23:51, 16 April 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Forensic psychiatry


text:
Talk:List of counties of the Kingdom of Hungary located in Slovakia

Untitled
The title of this page does not correspond to the introduction...the introduction seems to imply that these regions were traditionally Hungarian...am I missing something here? freestylefrappe 21:23, Jun 7, 2005 (UTC)

Slovakia was part of the Kingdom of Hungary from the 11th-14th century onwards. The term "Slovakia" for this territory has proovably existed since the 15th century (but is much older in reality), however without a clearly defined southern border (hence the "present-day" Slovakia)...This should have answered all your questions. Juro 03:41, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Talking about Slovaks before 19th century is an anachronism. There was a Slavic population there, but not "Slovaks". It was not "Slovakia" that was a part of Hungary (this Kingdom of Hungary thing is also very interesting, I think Slovaks intend to make the distinction between Uhorsko and Madarsko, but there is _no_ such differentiation in any other language), but these were the northern territories of Hungary ("Upper lands", "Felvidék").

Do not take your personal ignorance as a fact. The term Slovakia is testified since the 14/15th century, and was used very frequently since the 16th century. It also appeared in contemporary (German) encylopaedias etc.. The distinction between Great Hungary and present-day Hungary also occurs in Czech (there they have a even special term for Hungary proper), and Croatian and Serbian (I do not know about Romanian, Slovenian etc.). The distinction is both correct and highly practical for history texts (enables to avoid problems when someone's ethnicity is unknown for example). Juro 23:51, 11 August 2005 (UTC)

 * OK, I would be interested in any reliable sources from the 14-16th centuries using the term "Slovakia" (not Felvidék, not "Upper Hungary" or similar") to the territory of present Slovakia. As to Uhorsko/Madarsko - I think it reflects the Slovakian (and OK, maybe Serbian, etc) view, that present Hungary is a successor of a former multiethnic country of the same name, just like Slovakia, etc. This differs from the Hungarian view of history: Hungarians tend to look at their country as the country founded by St Stephen, that has been in existence for more than 1000 years, and has been tragically mutilated in 1921 (hence it is "Csonka-Magyarország, truncated Hungary). (Note, that no major European languages, English, German, Spanish etc makes this distinction between Uhorsko and Madarsko). I don't think Hungarians will accept the Slovakian view or the Slovakians the Hungarian one in the near future, but it helps to understand each other if we know the story of the other party. (Eg we were never told about this Uhorsko/Madarsko differentation in school in Hungary, nor about the Moravian Empire, etc - but I wish we were.) Btw I'm a Hungarian with at least one Slovakian grandparent, and think that these nations have so much in common, that it is stupid to look at each other as rivals or enemies.

Since I have been discussing these things several times somewhere in the wikipedias, I see no point in repeating the same things all the time, let me just remind you that it is also correct in German, for example, to distinguish between ungarisch and magyar (but only as an adjective), the same holds (to a lesse extent) for English. Also, like 99% of "normal" people (even including Slovaks), your assumption about the use of "Upper Hungary" is just wrong in terms of time and in terms of space. Next, Slovaks do not look at Magyars as rivals or enemies (and if at all, some 10% just fear the Magyars or just emotionally "hate" them, without actually knowing why, but it has a lot to do with the Hungarian language and with the fact that many Hungarians just do not stop to claim neighbouring territories). Also, note that what we are talking about here is not a "view" and there is nothing to teach about it at schools, because it is simply how Slovak language has developed, that's all - the distinctions between Magyars and Hungarians is quite old (and quite natural) in Slovakia, Croatia, Czechia etc. and has no implications for historical facts. Juro 17:42, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

 * In German magyar = ungarisch, in English, Magyar = Hungarian. Where are the quotes of the reliable sources about the term "Slovakia" having been used during the 14-16th centuries?

 * Since I see from your your constribution that you are unable to any kind of "higher" thinking and knowledge (neither in terms of linguistic, not in terms of history), I certainly will not go to a library and search hundreds of quotes for you...If you want to stay with what you have heared in an elementary school, stay with it. If I wanted to discuss with children, I have many other possibilities than to do it here...Juro 19:34, 12 August 2005 (UTC)

I think your last contribution speaks for itself, and reflects very well the fears and complexes of a young nation.

"In Slovakia"
We don't need to have "In Slovakia" at the end of each heading because this article is clearly about Slovakia. It's just redundant. freestylefrappe 19:44, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)

OK, but a heading ending with "incorporated" without anything else just sounds weird (at least) to me. Juro 23:04, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Why does this page contain for example Mošoň or Ráb region? I have never heard anybody saying, that he comes from such a region. I think that comparsion of slovak regions to Hungarian counties is odd. If we are talking about traditonal regions, then we should forget about administrative units. Talking about Ráb region in Slovakia is riddiculous. ohtar


text:
Chytridiomycetes

Chytridiomycetes is a class of fungi. Members are found in soil, fresh water, and saline estuaries. They are first known from the Rhynie chert. It has recently been redefined to exclude the taxa Neocallimastigomycota and Monoblepharidomycetes, which are now a phylum and a sister-class respectively.

Chytridiomycetes is the major class of the phylum Chytridiomycota, which contains a number of parasitic species. At least two species in this class are known to infect a number of amphibian species.

Phylogeny
Based on the work of "The Mycota: A Comprehensive Treatise on Fungi as Experimental Systems for Basic and Applied Research", Powell and Letcher 2015 and Karpov et al. 2014.

title: Chytridiomycetes


text:
Stock Generation

Stock Generation (SG) was a Ponzi scheme operated by SG Ltd. that operated on the Internet from 1998 to early 2000. Stock Generation allowed people to trade "virtual companies" using real money and promised unsustainably high returns on investment.

History
The website was established in January 1998 and was run from Dominica using a gambling license issued by the Caribbean country, and the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission was initially unable to cite Stock Generation's founders and owners (members of the Russian conglomerate MMM) for securities violations. In late 1999, participants began to experience difficulties in redeeming their virtual shares. Finally, in 2000, the market "crashed". On March 20, 2000, SG took down the website on pretext of a server maintenance while unilaterally suspending all pending requests to withdraw funds and sharply reducing participants' account balances in all companies except the privileged company by invoking the game's Rule 13. Two weeks later, SG peremptorily announced a reverse stock split for its highest-yield company, applying a caveat in the definition for companies 10 and 11 (as defined in Rule 26.6) which caused the share prices to plummet to less than 1/10,000 of their previous values, while other shares (including those that were "guaranteed" not to decrease in value) were devalued by 50% to 95%. At about the same time, SG stopped responding to participant requests for the return of funds, yet continued to solicit new participants through its website. By May, Stock Generation began banning players who started to question its legitimacy on other forums.

The SEC then sued in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts, alleging that the "virtual stock exchange" was in effect a Ponzi scheme. The court initially ruled in favor of Stock Generation, stating that the site adequately described the market as "a game", not an investment vehicle. The United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit later reversed the District Court, stating that "the opportunity to invest in the shares of the privileged company, described on SG's website, constituted an invitation to enter into an investment contract within the jurisdictional reach of the federal securities laws." The game was shut down around June 1, 2000, but the home page continued running until autumn of that year, although none of the links worked by that time; it briefly reopened in early 2001 following the Massachusetts court ruling, announcing that the game would return at one point (were it not for the First Circuit decision).

Operation
Stock Generation's website traded shares of 11 "virtual" companies. Each of those companies had its name and logo, but they were most often referred to by the number under which they were listed.

Companies 1 to 8 were traded for purely "gambling" purposes, as their shares could go up and down randomly. Having those 8 companies "trading" on their website allowed Stock Generation to claim its enterprise as online gambling venture, rather than an actual stock market or any other investment-related business, to which SEC rules would apply.

Company 9, named Golden Nuggets, was the "privileged" company, with its shares "guaranteed" never to decrease in value. Promised return was originally 10% a month (215% annually), but was later reduced to 7% a month (125% annually). In early April 2000, Stock Generation, despite all previous guarantees, devalued its privileged company shares to 5% of their previous value.

Companies 10 and 11, named MegaByte and The Fountain of Youth respectively, promised monthly returns of 50% and 100% (later 40% and 70%) respectively. At the same time, share prices could plummet 50% for company 10 and 100% (e.g. all the way down to 0) for company 11. That caveat, as defined in the basic rules of the game pertaining to these companies (Rule 26.6), was another way for Stock Generation to justify their claims that this was a gambling website, rather than an investment vehicle.

Stock Generation was reluctant to invoke Rule 26.6's devaluation clause throughout most of the time the game was active. Instead they chose to apply another rule (known as Rule 13) which permitted Stock Generation to reduce individual account balances by recalculating them as if all the funds had been originally invested in the "privileged" company 9. For instance, a user that chose to invest their $50 sign-up bonus in the company 11's shares, kept the funds there for a year and then sought to withdraw all at once, could see their balance going down from $204,800 (100% monthly rate, compounded twice a week) to $157 (10% monthly rate compounded twice a week) and the transaction history would state that he had invested all those funds in the company 9 shares rather than in the company 11.

Rule 13 allowed Stock Generation to avoid massive five or six figure withdrawals, thus allowing the system to last over 2 years, with its share prices increasing over 10,000-fold (as opposed to Stock Generation's predecessor, the MMM which only lasted about 6 months, with its stock price increasing "only" 127-fold). Judging from the complaints on the SG bulletin board, application of rule 13 had become widespread by early 2000, as demands for withdrawals increased. On March 20, 2000, Rule 13 was applied to every account.

The devaluation clause in Rule 26.6 was applied about two weeks later, for the first time since the game was launched. The value of the company 10's share was cut in half. Company 11 shares underwent a 1-for-10,000 reverse split, with the actual share price plummeting to less than 1/100,000th of its value (from over $1 per share to $0.10 per "new" share, worth 10,000 old ones). On the same day, Stock Generation reduced the price of the company 9 shares from $16.90 to $0.84 - in clear violation of their own rules as those shares were guaranteed never to decrease in value. By that point, Stock Generation's users began reporting the game to both Dominican authorities and the SEC; in return, the site's administrators began banning players that criticized them on finance forums such as at Delphi.

Stock Generation continued to operate for several weeks after that, offering returns of up to 150% a month, but further legal troubles led to their website being halted by June 1, 2000.

Legal opinion
The description below is a quotation of the public information from the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, as decided in SEC v. SG, Ltd et al., 265 F.3d 42 (1st Circuit 2001): "StockGeneration" website offering on-line denizens an opportunity to purchase shares in eleven different "virtual companies" listed on the website's "virtual stock exchange." SG arbitrarily set the purchase and sale prices of each of these imaginary companies in biweekly "rounds," and guaranteed that investors could buy or sell any quantity of shares at posted prices. SG placed no upper limit on the amount of funds that an investor could squirrel away in its virtual offerings.

The SEC's complaint focused on shares in a particular virtual enterprise referred to by SG as the "privileged company". SG advised potential purchasers to pay "particular attention" to shares in the privileged company and boasted that investing in those shares was a "game without any risk." To this end, its website announced that the privileged company's shares would unfailingly appreciate, boldly proclaiming that "[t]he share price of [the privileged company] is supported by the owners of SG, this is why its value constantly rises; on average at a rate of 10% monthly (this is approximately 215% annually)." To add plausibility to this representation and to allay anxiety about future pricing, SG published prices of the privileged company's shares one month in advance.

While SG conceded that a decline in the share price was theoretically possible, it assured prospective participants that "under the rules governing the fall in prices, [the share price for the privileged company] cannot fall by more than 5% in a round." To bolster this claim, it vouchsafed that shares in the privileged company were supported by several distinct revenue streams. According to SG's representations, capital inflow from new participants provided liquidity for existing participants who might choose to sell their virtual shareholdings. As a backstop, SG pledged to allocate an indeterminate portion of the profits derived from its website operations to a special reserve fund designed to maintain the price of the privileged company's shares. SG asserted that these profits emanated from four sources: (1) the collection of a 1.5% commission on each transaction conducted on its virtual stock exchange; (2) the bid-ask spread on the virtual shares; (3) the "skillful manipulation" of the share prices of eight particular imaginary companies, not including the privileged company, listed on the virtual stock exchange; and (4) SG's right to sell shares of three other virtual companies (including the privileged company). As a further hedge against adversity, SG alluded to the availability of auxiliary stabilization funds which could be tapped to ensure the continued operation of its virtual stock exchange.

SG's website contained lists of purported "big winners," an Internet bulletin board featuring testimonials from supposedly satisfied participants, and descriptions of incentive programs that held out the prospect of rewards for such activities as the referral of new participants (e.g., SG's representation that it would pay "20, 25 or 30% of the referred player's highest of the first three payments") and the establishment of affiliate websites.

At least 800 United States domiciliaries, paying real cash, purchased virtual shares in the virtual companies listed on the defendants' virtual stock exchange.

title: Stock Generation


text:
Anthony Young (baseball)

Anthony Wayne Young (January 19, 1966 – June 27, 2017) was an American professional baseball pitcher. He played all or parts of six seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) with the New York Mets, Chicago Cubs and Houston Astros. He is best known for having lost 27 consecutive games in which he had a decision, setting an MLB record.

Career
Young attended Furr High School in Houston, Texas, and the University of Houston, where he played college baseball and college football for the Houston Cougars. The New York Mets selected Young in the 38th round of the 1987 Major League Baseball draft. He worked his way up through their minor league system, making his major league debut as a relief pitcher on August 5, 1991.

While with the Mets, from May 6, 1992, to July 24, 1993, he lost 27 consecutive decisions. This losing streak is the longest in MLB history, breaking the mark of 23 set by Cliff Curtis in 1910–11. During the losing streak, Young converted 12 straight save opportunities and threw $23 2/3$ consecutive scoreless innings while filling in for Mets closer John Franco. During the streak, Young was 0–14 as a starter and 0–13 as a reliever. The streak ended on July 28, 1993, when he earned his first win since April 19, 1992.

Over roughly the same time period from April 14, 1992, to May 1, 1994, Young—as a Met and later a Cub—made 27 consecutive starts without a win. He made 13 quality starts among those 27, but his teams went 4–23 in those games. Before the 1994 season, the Mets traded Young and minor leaguer Ottis Smith to the Chicago Cubs for José Vizcaíno. He signed with the Houston Astros for the 1996 season. For his career, he finished with a record of 15 wins and 48 losses for a winning percentage of .238.

Personal life
After retiring, Young worked for eight years in a chemical plant. He also coached youth leagues and offered pitching lessons in Kingwood, Texas. He was the father of three.

In January 2017, Young revealed that he had been diagnosed with an inoperable brain tumor. Doctors were unsure at the time if the tumor was malignant. He underwent chemotherapy and reported in February that the tumor had shrunk. On June 27, 2017, his ex-teammate, Lenny Harris, reported on social media that Young was in a coma. Later that day, Young died at the age of 51. He is buried in Forest Park Lawndale Cemetery in Houston.

title: Anthony Young (baseball)


text: User talk:64.229.29.121

title: User talk:64.229.29.121


text:
Talk:Charles de Croix Graf Clerfayt

hi there Cryptoderk, I cannot move the article to this heading, if this current version is not deleted. that´s why I deleted the content so that the space becomes free, so that it can be moved. unless you want to do it Antares911 21:26, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * You can't just blank a page and then move something on top of it. It doesn't work like that.  If you want to move this, try Requested moves. CryptoDerk 23:51, Jun 7, 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Charles de Croix Graf Clerfayt


text:
IFK Göteborg (sports club)

Idrottsföreningen Kamraterna Göteborg, commonly known as IFK Göteborg, is a Swedish multisports club located in Gothenburg. It was established on 4 October 1904, and today functions as an alliance association (Alliansförening) for seven separate clubs competing in different sports. The club is best known for its professional football team, one of the most successful in the Nordic countries.

History
IFK Göteborg was founded on 4 October 1904 as the second iteration of an Idrottsföreningen Kamraterna association in Gothenburg, the previous start-up in 1895 did not live for long. While most members focused on football from the start in 1904, committees were also created for winter sports and parties. The club was founded at Café Olivedal, a café in the Linnéstaden district, and most sports activities at the start were held on nearby Karlsrofältet or in the area that today is the Gothenburg Botanical Garden. From its inception until 31 December 2017, all sections were part of the same organisation. Starting on 1 January 2018, all sections became separate organisations, under a new parent, or alliance, organisation named IFK Göteborg. The previous organisation number was taken over by the football organisation, which was renamed IFK Göteborg Fotboll.

Member clubs
The following clubs are members of the alliance association and also members of the IFK central organisation :

Athletics
Athletics has been present within IFK Göteborg since the start, and the first footballers also were successful athletes. The section won its first Olympic medal through Charles Luther at the 1912 Summer Olympics. Long-distance runner Eric Backman, with four Olympic medals at the 1920 Summer Olympics, also competed for IFK Göteborg. IFK was the best club overall at the 1957 Swedish Championships in athletics, and the period from 1985 to 1995 was one of the most successful in terms of medals won, including hurdler Robert Kronberg who competed for IFK Göteborg in his youth years. The main focus of the section since 2000 has been youth development, with the section operating mainly at Slottsskogsvallen and Friidrottens Hus in western Gothenburg.

Bowling
The bowling section traces its origins back to the 29 August 1917, when Kägelklubben IFK was founded by members of IFK Göteborg. This club was incorporated as a section of IFK Göteborg in 1931, though 1938 is also claimed as the starting year. The IFK bowler Gösta Algeskog won two gold medals (individual and 8-man team) at the first World Tenpin Bowling Championships in 1954, silver the following year, and another gold in the 8-man discipline in 1958. The most successful female Swedish bowler of all time, Åsa Larsson, represented IFK from 1987 to 2002, winning the World Tenpin Bowling Championships in 1983 (5-man team) and the World Cup in 1991, in addition to a number of gold medals at the European Championships.

Cross-country skiing
The cross-country skiing section was created in 1967, and has mainly seen local success, with the best position in a Swedish championship competition being a 14th place in ski-orienteering. On district level, IFK skiers won 34 championships in the first 20 years of the section, almost half of the titles in ski-orienteering. A major goal for many of the section members is Vasaloppet, and in recent times between 10 and 15 skiers usually have competed for IFK Göteborg in the races each year. Skiing on the west coast of Sweden can be a challenge due to lack of snow, Prioritet Serneke Arena with its newly built all-season indoor skiing trail may mend the situation somewhat.

Football
The football team has won 18 Swedish championship titles, eight national cup titles, and is the only club in the Nordic countries that has won a pan-European competition, as the club won the UEFA Cup in 1982 and 1987. IFK is the most popular football club in Sweden, with diverse country-wide support. IFK Göteborg play in the highest Swedish league, Allsvenskan, where they have played for the majority of their history. They have played in the Swedish first tier continuously since 1977. The club won its first Swedish championship in 1908, and has won at least one championship title in all decades since, except the 1920s, 1970s and 2010s. IFK Göteborg's most successful period was from 1982 to 1996, when the team prospered in European football and won 10 out of 15 Swedish championships. The current home ground is Gamla Ullevi. A senior women's team was created in 2019, playing in Division 4 Göteborg for the inaugural 2020 season.

Futsal
In October 2015, futsal club Göteborg Futsal Club (founded in 2007) initiated a cooperation with IFK Göteborg, changing its name to IFK Göteborg Futsal. The club has a men's team playing in the Swedish Futsal League, claiming three championship titles as of 2016. The women's team of IFK Göteborg Futsal was playing in a regional league at the time, but has advanced through the league pyramid and won the Swedish championship in 2020. Both teams play their home matches in Prioritet Serneke Arena.

Orienteering
IFK Göteborg first competed in orienteering in 1921, and is one of Sweden's oldest orienteering clubs, but a separate section was not created until 1945. Many successful orienteers have competed for the section, including world champions (at the time they ran for IFK) Torben Skovlyst, Chris Terkelsen, Jamie Stevenson, François Gonon, and current runner Kasper Fosser, as well as individual Swedish champions Thomas Asp, Arto Rautiainen, Erik Engstrand, and Jenny Johansson. IFK Göteborg also has won the Swedish relay championships, in 2000 and 2002. IFK Göteborg has won the two most prestigious club relay competitions in the world in recent years. Tiomila in Sweden was won by the men's team in 2015, 2017, 2018 and 2019 (finishing second in 2016), and the Jukola relay in Finland was won in 2017 (which was the first victory by a Swedish club in 25 years). The women's team have finished second and third in Tiomila in recent years, and the side was further strengthened in 2022 by signing Simona Aebersold who joins world champion Sara Hagström at the club.

Speed skating
Even though the first club competition in speed skating was arranged already in January 1905, it was not until 1956 that speed skating got its own section within IFK Göteborg. Three years later the section had over 100 members and arranged the 1959 European Speed Skating Championships for Men together with IK Wega. Manne Lavås became the first olympian of the section, competing both at the 1964 and 1968 Winter Olympics. Two other well-known IFK speed skaters are Ann-Sofie Järnström and Jasmin Krohn, the later winning 38 Swedish championships for IFK Göteborg. The section has its home at Ruddalens IP's skating rink, which was rebuilt to an indoor hall in 2002.

Racewalking
A racewalking section of IFK Göteborg was active for two periods in the 20th century. First during the early years of the club until the mid-1910s when racewalking fell out of fashion, and later from 1934—when the Swedish Walking Association was founded—until the 1990s. Competitors for the club have won multiple Swedish championships and set multiple Swedish records, most notably in the 1940s and 1950s (mainly through Harry Olsson), and the late 1980s (through Bo Gustafsson who also finished seventh in the 50 kilometres race at the 1988 Olympics while competing for IFK).

Wrestling
Wrestling was practiced by members of the club from its foundation, and the first competition was held in 1905, though wrestling was only officially on the programme for the club between 1908 and 1910. Olympian Harry Larsson competed for IFK Göteborg and won a Swedish championship for the club in 1910.

Other
The club has also competed in korgboll (a predecessor to korfball), handball, weightlifting, bandy and tennis.

Cooperations
IFK Göteborg cooperated with the ice hockey club BK Bäcken from 1975 on, as part of the umbrella organisation Föreningen Göteborgsidrott (handball club IK Heim was another member). BK Bäcken changed their colours to blue and white and also changed the name to IFK Bäcken in line with the agreement, but were never part of IFK Göteborg. Bäcken changed its name to Gothia HC in 1990 before changing name once again in 1994 to Bäcken HC.

title: IFK Göteborg (sports club)


text:
File:Hudson Bay Railway logo.png

Logo of Hudson Bay Railway.

title: File:Hudson Bay Railway logo.png


text:
User:JohnElder

About Me
I am addicted to computer and internet usage. My primary interest is developing functional communities, both on-line and in meatspace. I hold degrees in computer science, electrical engineering, theology, and clinical psychology. I read voraciously, across a broad range of subjects. I am a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist working in the field of addiction medicine. I previously worked as a Senior Research Engineer, developing real-time data acquisition systems and performing signal processing and data analysis on data acquired from these systems. The last 19 years of my engineering work focused mostly on ionospheric research. Included in this job is a great deal of writing: documentation, manuals, specifications, reports, proposals, and journal articles. I am co-author on too many professional peer-reviewed papers to keep track of, but a google search on elder djuth will give you a sample if you're interested.

I teach anger management classes and have trained other teachers. Teaching anger management has been a very rewarding experience. I developed an anger management curriculum for Richstone Family Center and have helped George Anderson develop his curriculum.

I am a Star Trek junkie and a Buffy the Vampire Slayer / Angel / Firefly addict. I tend to buy more books than I can read - if I read one in four, I feel I've done a good job. I am a published poet, frequently a political activist/agitator, and an anarchist at heart. I'm barely hanging on as a top 500 reviewer at Amazon, writing with the pen name elderbear.

I hope to return to being more WikiActive before too long.

HAARP
If you're a high frequency active auroral research program Conpiracy Theory Junkie, we will periodically bump heads. I've built equipment for HAARP, I done research there. I've wandered the site annually for many years. I've taken pictures. I've been everywhere there was to go, except one perpetually locked office - and I've peeked into the window of that office. The amount of nonsense spouted about that program is exceeded only by the ignorance of most of the people spouting it. Do us all a favor. If you don't understand ionospheric and/or radio science, don't edit the page to include something you heard from Art Bell or Nick Begich or some webpage making dire claims. People who do understand these subjects will just delete your work and consider you an idiot. But, if you can tell a megawatt from effective radiated power, know your e layer from your f region, and have a grasp on ionospheric heating, then you might have something useful to add, and the ongoing editing and discussion can be fruitful.

My Contributions

 * 1) Lots of miscellaneous minor edits and collecting new information for various pages.
 * 2) Made sure that each Star Trek series premiere date was listed in the date pages.
 * 3) Resistance, Rebellion, and Death -- added a list of quotations with references from the book.
 * 4) Talk:Resistance, Rebellion, and Death -- created a short essay about the book.
 * 5) William E. Gordon -- original author
 * 6) Ralph Leighton -- original author of brief stub
 * 7) Dive into Python -- original author -> Dive into Python/Temp
 * 8) Emma Goldman -- added a list of quotations with references from Living my Life.
 * 9) Talk:Ararat anomaly -- added some family folk history about the fate of Noah and the Armenian language.
 * 10) Alex Gurevich -- original author of brief stub
 * 11) Scott Ritter -- referenced and documented his anti-war speaking in early 2003.
 * 12) HAARP -- reworked some awkward material and removed patently false material, with full comments on talk page. There is still a lot of work to do, but I can only handle so much confusion and disinformation at one time.
 * 13) Enough already!!! I cannot keep track any more - but I used to think this list was important!

title: User:JohnElder