text:
Tom Hagen

Thomas Hagen is a fictional character in Mario Puzo's 1969 novel The Godfather and Francis Ford Coppola's films The Godfather (1972) and The Godfather Part II (1974). He is portrayed by Robert Duvall in the films. He also appears in the Mark Winegardner sequel novels The Godfather Returns and The Godfather's Revenge, as well as Ed Falco's novel The Family Corleone. Duvall was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor and a BAFTA for his performance in the first film.

He operates as the consigliere and as a lawyer for the Corleone family, and is an informally adopted member of the family.

Character overview
Hagen is the informally adopted son of the mafia boss Don Vito Corleone (Marlon Brando). He is a lawyer and the consigliere to the Corleone American mafia family. Logical and gentle, he serves as the voice of reason within the family. The novel and first film establish that he is of German-Irish ancestry.

Vito's eldest son Santino (James Caan) befriends 11-year-old Tom, who was living on the street after running away from an orphanage. When Sonny brings Tom home and demands he be taken in, the Corleone family welcome him as a family member. Hagen considers Vito his true father, although Vito never formally adopts him, believing it would be disrespectful to Hagen's deceased parents.

After law school, Hagen goes to work in the Corleone family business. His non-Italian ancestry precludes his formal membership in the mafia family, but when the consigliere Genco Abbandando dies, Hagen is given his position. Consequently, the other New York families deride the Corleones as "The Irish Gang".

Hagen immerses himself in the Sicilian-American culture and speaks fluent Sicilian. His Northern European appearance, though distracting to the Five Families, is an advantage to his job. He is able to travel and conduct family business in non-Italian circles without potential witnesses noticing him.

While Hagen loves all the Corleones, he is closest to Sonny, and blames himself for Sonny's murder. When Vito semi-retires and his youngest son Michael (Al Pacino) succeeds him as the head of the family, Michael removes Hagen as consigliere, preferring his father informally assume the role; Michael claims Hagen is "not a wartime consigliere". Hagen is hurt, but respects their decision, and begins managing the family's legitimate businesses.

The novel and first film, set in 1945–1955, portray Hagen aiding Vito and Michael in warring against the other ruling New York Mafia families. In The Godfather Part II, set in 1958–1960, Hagen serves as Michael's right-hand man during his power struggle with Hyman Roth (Lee Strasberg). In The Godfather Part III, set in 1979–1980, he is said to have died some years before in an unspecified manner. His role in the story between the second and third films, including his death, is described in Mark Winegardner's sequel novels, The Godfather Returns and The Godfather's Revenge.

The Godfather (novel and film)
In both the novel and film, Hagen is introduced as an important member of the Corleone family. As a child he grew up in a broken family, the son of an abusive alcoholic. Sonny Corleone finds the orphaned Hagen living on the street and suffering from an eye infection, takes him home, and asks his parents to take him in. Sonny's father Vito becomes a surrogate father to Hagen, but never officially adopts him out of respect for the boy's biological parents.

In the novel, Hagen asks to work for Vito after graduating from law school, knowing full well that his adoptive father is the most powerful Mafia chief in the nation. Vito is happy to employ Hagen into his empire, having often said that lawyers can steal more than a phalanx of gangsters. Hagen marries an Italian woman, Theresa, with whom he has two sons, Frank and Andrew, and a daughter, Gianna.

After Vito's longtime consigliere Genco Abbandando is diagnosed with cancer, Hagen becomes acting consigliere and succeeds to the post formally after Abbandando's death. Vito is initially reluctant to give Hagen the post full-time, since Hagen is not a Sicilian.

When singer Johnny Fontane (Al Martino) seeks his godfather Vito's help in securing a movie role that could revitalize his fading career, Vito sends Hagen, accompanied by some of his caporegimes, to Hollywood to persuade Jack Woltz (John Marley), a powerful movie producer, to cast Fontane in his new war film. Hagen offers his benefactor's help with Woltz's union problems and also informs him that one of his actors has been using marijuana and heroin; a deleted scene in the movie shows that this information would be used to damage Woltz's studio. Woltz rebuffs Hagen but becomes more polite after learning he works for the Corleones. Woltz still refuses to cast Fontane, who slept with one of Woltz's protégées, but offers to do any other favor for Vito, expressing his intent to run Fontane out of the entertainment industry as retaliation for his affair. Hagen declines, and soon afterward, Woltz awakens in bed with his prized racing stallion's severed head planted under the satin covers, scaring him into casting Fontane in the film.

Hagen arranges a meeting between Vito and drug kingpin Virgil Sollozzo (Al Lettieri), who wants Vito to help finance his narcotics business and provide legal protection and political influence. Vito ultimately rejects the deal, however, on the grounds that it would cost him his influence over the judges and police if they knew he was in the drug trade.

Offended at the rejection of his deal, Sollozzo has Vito's personal assassin Luca Brasi (Lenny Montana) murdered, Vito himself shot, and Hagen kidnapped off the street. Sollozzo tells Hagen that Vito is dead, and tasks him with persuading Sonny to make peace and accept his narcotics deal. The meeting is interrupted when Sollozzo receives word that Vito has survived the shooting, ruining Sollozzo's original plan. Hagen tricks Sollozzo into believing that he will broker the narcotics deal with the Corleones, and Sollozzo releases him, unharmed.

Hagen meets with Sonny, Michael, and Corleone caporegimes Peter Clemenza (Richard S. Castellano) and Salvatore Tessio (Abe Vigoda), and advises them that if Vito dies, Sonny should agree to Sollozzo's deal, since the other Mafia families would most likely support Sollozzo to avoid a war.

After Michael thwarts a second assassination attempt on Vito by Sollozzo, he calls the Corleone compound to warn Sonny. Hagen goes to the hospital with private detectives who are licensed to carry firearms to protect Vito and stops Captain Mark McCluskey (Sterling Hayden), a corrupt NYPD officer on Sollozzo's payroll, from taking Michael into police custody. After Michael kills Sollozzo and McCluskey and flees to Sicily, Hagen informs Vito that the police have cracked down on all Mafia operations. As the hotheaded Sonny takes command of the Corleone family while his father recovers, Hagen tries to talk him out of declaring war against the other families. Sonny lashes out and belittles Hagen's abilities as a "wartime consigliere", but immediately apologizes.

Hagen again acts as an intermediary when Michael's girlfriend Kay Adams (Diane Keaton) arrives at the Corleone compound wanting to contact Michael. He denies knowledge of Michael's whereabouts and refuses to send along her letter, reasoning that any communication between them could tip off the police. Hagen advises she be patient and that Michael will eventually contact her.

When Sonny is murdered by men working for Vito's chief rival Emilio Barzini (Richard Conte), Hagen tearfully informs Vito of his son's death. He accompanies Vito to the funeral home of Corleone family friend Amerigo Bonasera (Salvatore Corsitto), where Vito has Bonasera repair Sonny's body for his funeral. Vito orders no retaliation for Sonny's murder and has Hagen organize a meeting with the other Mafia bosses to end the war. After the meeting, Vito tells Hagen that Barzini was behind Sonny's murder.

After Michael returns to the U.S., Vito semi-retires in 1954 and Michael becomes operating head of the family. Michael removes Hagen as consigliere in favor of having Vito fill the position, restricting Hagen to handling the family's legal business in Nevada, Chicago, and Los Angeles. Michael and Vito explain that the Corleones risk inciting a fight with the planned move to Nevada, and they need a "wartime consigliere". Hagen is hurt, but accepts the decision and remains loyal. In truth, Michael and Vito have been secretly planning to wipe out the other New York Dons and establish the Corleone family as the most powerful crime family in the country. In the novel (and in a deleted scene from the film), Hagen notices that bodyguard Rocco Lampone has been secretly promoted to caporegime and hitman Al Neri reports directly to Michael, rather than through Clemenza and Tessio.

After Vito's death, Hagen accompanies Michael to the funeral, where Michael deduces that Tessio has betrayed the family to Barzini. Hagen is present when Tessio is taken away to be executed, and is also present when Carlo Rizzi (Gianni Russo), the abusive husband of Vito's daughter Connie (Talia Shire), is garroted and murdered by Clemenza for his complicity in Sonny's murder.

In the novel, Kay learns that Michael ordered Rizzi's death, and flees to her parents' home in New Hampshire. Michael sends Hagen there to persuade Kay to return. Hagen ultimately risks his own life by "hypothetically" revealing some family secrets to Kay so she can understand Michael's motives.

The Godfather Part II
In The Godfather Part II, Hagen remains Michael's lawyer after their move to Nevada, but his role in the family has been reduced. For instance, he is excluded from the negotiations with Hyman Roth (Lee Strasberg) to legitimize the Corleone family by going into business with Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista. After an attempt is made on Michael's life, Michael realizes he cannot trust anyone in his inner circle. Assuring their fraternal bond and explaining that he withholds information from him out of admiration, Michael proclaims Hagen acting Don while he leaves and attempts to find out who betrayed him.

Hagen later goes to see Senator Pat Geary (G.D. Spradlin), who had earlier tried to extort Michael, in a brothel owned by Michael's brother Fredo (John Cazale). Geary has woken up next to a dead prostitute, implied to have been murdered by Neri, and is led to believe that he killed her; Hagen reassures Geary that he will clean up the mess and keep him out of trouble in return for the Senator's subservience.

The fall of Batista's regime in Cuba forces Michael to temporarily abandon his plans to become a legitimate businessman, and he resumes his role as the Don of the Corleone family. During the Senate hearings on the Mafia, Hagen is instrumental as the defense when Michael is interrogated. Near the end of the film, Hagen is unable to disguise his displeasure over Michael's increasing ruthlessness and paranoia, questioning the need to kill an already dying Roth. In response, Michael confronts Hagen about his competing job offers, and obliquely threatens to inform Hagen's wife about his mistress. Challenged point blank to confirm his loyalty to the Corleone Family, Hagen responds to Michael (in Italian) that he remains loyal. He dutifully fulfills his role as legal adviser, and also in the consigliere's traditional role as dispassionate family envoy. He gives Frank Pentangeli (Michael V. Gazzo), who had betrayed Michael, the "idea" of committing suicide so that Pentangeli's family will be taken care of, while agreeing with Pentangeli that at one point the Corleone Family "was like the Roman Empire".

In a deleted subplot, Sonny's widow Sandra becomes Hagen's mistress, a fact that Michael uses to blackmail him into remaining loyal despite Sandra urging Hagen to abandon the Corleone family.

The Godfather Part III
According to The Godfather Part III, Hagen has already died before the time frame of the film, which is 1979–1980. There is no specific indication in the film as to when or how he died, except that it was prior to his son, Andrew (John Savage), being ordained a Roman Catholic priest. The role of Corleone family lawyer and advisor is instead held by a new character, B. J. Harrison (George Hamilton), as well as Genco's grandson Dominic Abbandando (Don Novello).

Hagen was originally intended to have been featured in The Godfather Part III, but was written out due to a salary dispute between Duvall and the film's producers. Coppola stated in the film's commentary that Duvall demanded the same salary as Al Pacino (who portrayed Michael Corleone). However, Duvall said in an interview that he was happy for Pacino to earn twice his salary, but not triple or quadruple it for the same film. Coppola has stated that Part III was to feature a split between Michael and Hagen as its central plot, as seeds of dissension were planted in the first two films.

The Godfather Returns
The Godfather Returns, Mark Winegardner's 2004 sequel to Puzo's original novel, portrays Hagen's role as consigliere in the first few years after Michael ascends to the head of the family. The novel, which covers the period from 1955 to 1962, portrays Hagen once again acting as Michael's right-hand adviser and taking an important role in the Corleones' dealings with a powerful political family, the Sheas (analogous to the Kennedys). Hagen makes a deal with patriarch Mickey Shea that the Corleone family would help get his son, James, elected president on condition that his youngest son, Danny, the new Attorney General, would take a soft stance on organized crime. Meanwhile, Hagen has sights on a political career, running for a Congressional seat in Nevada (which Hagen was initially appointed to) with the ultimate goal of becoming the state's governor; he is badly defeated, however, and abandons any hopes of holding public office.

The novel also portrays Hagen covering up for Michael's brother Fredo when he kills a man in San Francisco, and bailing him out of jail when he attacks his wife's lover. Hagen and Fredo get into an intense argument over Fredo's recklessness and Hagen's blind loyalty to Michael. When Michael has Fredo killed (as originally portrayed in The Godfather Part II), Hagen suspects what really happened, but remains willfully ignorant. Toward the end of the novel, Hagen personally murders Corleone rival Louie Russo, who conspired with the novel's antagonist, traitorous Corleone caporegime Nick Geraci.

The Godfather's Revenge
In Winegardner's 2006 novel The Godfather's Revenge, Hagen acts as Michael's right-hand man in dealing with the Shea family, especially Attorney General Danny Shea, who publicly declares war on organized crime. When Hagen's longtime mistress, Judy Buchanan, is murdered by thugs working for Don Carlo Tramonti, Hagen becomes a person of interest in the investigation, though he is later cleared of the charges.

In August 1964, Geraci kidnaps Hagen and drowns him in the Florida Everglades. Geraci then sends Michael a package containing a dead baby alligator along with Hagen's wallet. This message is similar to the one Sonny received following Luca Brasi's death, in which Brasi's bulletproof vest containing two dead fish was delivered to the Corleone compound. Michael later has Geraci ambushed and murdered.

The novel also expands on how Hagen became an unofficial member of the Corleone family. Hagen recalls that when he was living on the streets, he saved Sonny Corleone from a pimp who was notorious for raping and murdering boys. Sonny was so grateful that he brought Hagen home to live with his family.

The Family Corleone
Edward Falco's The Family Corleone, which takes place before the events of The Godfather, expands upon Tom Hagen joining the Corleone family crime business and becoming the family's consigliere.

Family

 * Vito Corleone – Unofficial adopted father
 * Carmela Corleone – Unofficial adopted mother
 * Santino, Michael, Fredo, and Connie Corleone – Unofficial adopted siblings
 * Theresa Hagen – Wife
 * Frank and Andrew Hagen – Sons. Frank is played by an uncredited Lou Martini Jr.
 * Christina and Gianna Hagen – Daughters
 * Martin/Henry Hagen – Father
 * Bridget Hagen – Mother
 * Unnamed sister

title: Tom Hagen


text:
Byline

The byline (or by-line in British English) on a newspaper or magazine article gives the name of the writer of the article. Bylines are commonly placed between the headline and the text of the article, although some magazines (notably Reader's Digest) place bylines at the bottom of the page to leave more room for graphical elements around the headline.

Dictionary.com defines a byline as "a printed line of text accompanying a news story, article, or the like, giving the author's name".

Examples
A typical newspaper byline might read: "Tom Joyce New Boston Post Reporter"

A byline can also include a brief article summary that introduces the author by name: "Penning a concise description of a long piece has never been as easy as often appears, as Staff Writer John Smith now explains:"

Magazine bylines and bylines on opinion pieces often include biographical information on their subjects. A typical biographical byline on a piece of creative nonfiction might read: "John Smith is working on a book, My Time in Ibiza, based on this article. He is returning to the region this summer to gather material for a follow-up essay.''"

Prevalence
Bylines were rare before the late 19th century. Before then, the most similar practice was the occasional "signed" or "signature" article. The word byline itself first appeared in print in 1926, in a scene set in a newspaper office in The Sun Also Rises by Ernest Hemingway.

One of the earliest consistent uses of the idea was for battlefield reporting during the American Civil War. In 1863, Union General Joseph Hooker required battlefield reporters to sign their articles so that he would know which journalist to blame for any errors or security violations.

The practice became more popular at the end of the 19th century, as journalists became more powerful and popular figures. Bylines were used to promote or create celebrities among some yellow journalists during this time. Proponents of signed articles believed that the signature made the journalist more careful and more honest; publishers thought it made papers sell better.

However, the increasing use of bylines was resisted by others, including the publisher–owner of The New York Times, Adolph Ochs, who believed that bylines interfered with the impersonal nature of news and decreased the sense of institutional responsibility for an article's content. Bylines remained rare in that newspaper for several more decades.

The first Associated Press wire services story with a byline appeared in 1925, and the practice became commonplace shortly afterwards.

Since the 1970s, most modern newspapers and magazines have attributed almost all but their shortest articles and their own editorial pieces to individual reporters or to wire services.

An exception is the British weekly The Economist, which publishes nearly all material except blog posts anonymously. The Economist explains this practice as being traditional and reflective of the collaborative nature of their reporting.

False attribution
Articles that originate from press agency journalists are sometimes incorrectly attributed to newspaper staff. Dominic Ponsford of the Press Gazette gives the following examples:
 * Ben Ellery's interview with the boyfriend of murdered Jo Yeates appeared in the Daily Mail and Daily Mirror; the former newspaper carried four bylines, none of which credited Ellery.
 * Andrew Buckwell's exclusive on a paternity issue involving Boris Johnson appeared in the Daily Mail without a byline crediting him.

Ponsford also highlights cases in which newspapers byline fictional authors for pieces that attack other newspapers: for example, the Daily Express's use of "Brendon Abbott".

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Byline


text: Category:Cold War artillery of the United States


text:
F-coalgebra

In mathematics, specifically in category theory, an $$F$$-coalgebra is a structure defined according to a functor $$F$$, with specific properties as defined below. For both algebras and coalgebras, a functor is a convenient and general way of organizing a signature. This has applications in computer science: examples of coalgebras include lazy evaluation, infinite data structures, such as streams, and also transition systems.

$$F$$-coalgebras are dual to $F$-algebras. Just as the class of all algebras for a given signature and equational theory form a variety, so does the class of all $$F$$-coalgebras satisfying a given equational theory form a covariety, where the signature is given by $$F$$.

Definition
Let

 * $$F : \mathcal{C}\longrightarrow \mathcal{C}$$

be an endofunctor on a category $$\mathcal{C}$$. An $$F$$-coalgebra is an object $$A$$ of $$\mathcal{C}$$ together with a morphism

 * $$\alpha : A \longrightarrow FA$$

of $$\mathcal{C}$$, usually written as $$(A, \alpha)$$.

An $$F$$-coalgebra homomorphism from $$(A, \alpha)$$ to another $$F$$-coalgebra $$(B, \beta)$$ is a morphism

 * $$f:A\longrightarrow B$$

in $$\mathcal{C}$$ such that

 * $$ Ff\circ \alpha = \beta \circ f$$.

Thus the $$F$$-coalgebras for a given functor F constitute a category.

Examples
Consider the endofunctor $$ X \mapsto X \sqcup \{*\} : \mathbf{Set} \to \mathbf{Set}$$ that sends a set to its disjoint union with the singleton set $$ \{ \ast \} $$. A coalgebra of this endofunctor is given by $$(\overline{\mathbb{N}},\alpha)$$, where $$\overline{\mathbb{N}}= \{0, 1, 2, \ldots \} \sqcup \{\infty\}$$ is the so-called conatural numbers, consisting of the nonnegative integers and also infinity, and the function $$\alpha$$ is given by $$ \alpha(0) = \ast $$, $$ \alpha(n) = n - 1$$ for $$ n = 1, 2,\ldots $$ and $$ \alpha(\infty) = \infty $$. In fact, $$ (\overline{\mathbb{N}}, \alpha) $$ is the terminal coalgebra of this endofunctor.

More generally, fix some set $$A$$, and consider the functor $$F: \mathbf{Set} \longrightarrow \mathbf{Set}$$ that sends $$X$$ to $$(X\times A)\cup\{1\}$$. Then an $$F$$-coalgebra $$\alpha : X \longrightarrow (X\times A)\cup\{1\} = FX$$ is a finite or infinite stream over the alphabet where $$X$$ is the set of states and $$\alpha$$ is the state-transition function. Applying the state-transition function to a state may yield two possible results: either an element of $$A$$ together with the next state of the stream, or the element of the singleton set $$\{1\}$$ as a separate "final state" indicating that there are no more values in the stream.

In many practical applications, the state-transition function of such a coalgebraic object may be of the form $$X \rarr f_1 \times f_2 \times \ldots \times f_n$$, which readily factorizes into a collection of "selectors", "observers", "methods" $$X \rarr f_1, \, X \rarr f_2 \, \ldots \, X \rarr f_n$$. Special cases of practical interest include observers yielding attribute values, and mutator methods of the form $$X \rarr X^{A_1 \times \ldots \times A_n}$$ taking additional parameters and yielding states. This decomposition is dual to the decomposition of initial $$F$$-algebras into sums of 'constructors'.

Let P be the power set construction on the category of sets, considered as a covariant functor. The P-coalgebras are in bijective correspondence with sets with a binary relation. Now fix another set, A. Then coalgebras for the endofunctor P(A×(-)) are in bijective correspondence with labelled transition systems, and homomorphisms between coalgebras correspond to functional bisimulations between labelled transition systems.

Applications
In computer science, coalgebra has emerged as a convenient and suitably general way of specifying the behaviour of systems and data structures that are potentially infinite, for example classes in object-oriented programming, streams and transition systems. While algebraic specification deals with functional behaviour, typically using inductive datatypes generated by constructors, coalgebraic specification is concerned with behaviour modelled by coinductive process types that are observable by selectors, much in the spirit of automata theory. An important role is played here by final coalgebras, which are complete sets of possibly infinite behaviours, such as streams. The natural logic to express properties of such systems is coalgebraic modal logic.

title: F-coalgebra


title: File:DrSlumpUSA1.JPG


text:
Vivian Grey

Vivian Grey is Benjamin Disraeli's first novel, published by Henry Colburn in 1826. Originally published anonymously, ostensibly by a so-called "man of fashion", part 1 caused a considerable sensation in London society. Contemporary reviewers, suspicious of the numerous solecisms contained within the text, eventually identified the young Disraeli (who did not move in high society) as the author. Disraeli continued the tale in a second volume, also of 1826, and three subsequent volumes in 1827. The form in which Vivian Grey is published now is the revised 1853 edition, which was severely expurgated and, according to critic Wendy Burton, lost much of the charm and freshness of the 1826 edition. The book is a frequent touchstone for discussions of Disraeli's political and literary career.

Synopsis
Vivian Grey follows its eponymous hero from childhood through his attempt to succeed in the world of politics. The various systems of education through which Vivian Grey passes are analysed. The final system of education is experience, which proves the most instructive and the most shattering. Vivian chooses politics as his career and the novel traces his abortive attempt to gain political power through manipulation of an influential but ineffectual member of parliament. Vivian attempts to organise a party around the Marquess of Carabas, and is ultimately thwarted by his inexperience and naivete in dealing with the political machine. Vivian emerges as a misguided and arrogant young man who is ruthless in his pursuit of power. The catastrophe at the conclusion provides Vivian with a brutal but essential lesson in human behaviour. The novel offers a comment on the political and social temper of England in the early 1820s, and is specifically concerned with the question of personal advancement in a rigidly restrictive social structure. The plot is commonly considered to be a thinly-disguised re-telling of Disraeli's involvement with John Murray in the publication and failure of a new newspaper, The Representative.

Criticism
When published in 1826, Vivian Grey received largely negative reviews.

Vivian Grey provided a natural beginning for students of Disraeli, and a frequent touchstone for discussions of Disraeli's political and literary career. This situation is possible only when the scholar accepts the protagonist of Vivian Grey as a replica of the author, revealed in uncounselled and damaging testimony. The details of the composition of the first part of the novel, and the role of Sara Austen in that composition, as well as awareness of publishing practices in the 1820s in London, challenge the assumption that Vivian Grey is synonymous with the young Benjamin Disraeli.

Legacy
The British poet Mary Montgomerie Lamb took her pen name "Violet Fane" from a character in this novel.

Some commentators have suggested that Vivian Grey influenced Oscar Wilde in the writing of his only novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray.

title: Vivian Grey


text:
User talk:Wipe/Archive 1

Just to make the red link go away. Wipe 23:46, 18 Feb 2005 (UTC)

Substub tags
Personally, I don't feel that it is usefl to have an article in the substub category if it can conceiably go anywhere else. (The substub category is way' too big for it to be at all likely that someone is going to browse it and find just the stub they wanted to expand.) That is why I removed the tag from Aldor; if you disagree with that assessment, I respect that, I just wanted you to know that it wasn't done on a whim. -Aranel (" Sarah ") 02:50, 19 Feb 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks for the info. I'm not one to start edit wars, especially on trivial matters like this.

 * But I do disagree. It's not useful to exclude some substubs from the substub category. When people are browsing the category, they most likely aren't looking for any specific stub, but rather anything that might be interesting. The longer the list is the more likely it is that they find something they might consider expanding. At least it doesn't make searching harder since subjects are dispersed randomly in an alphabetical list.

 * It's useful to divide stub categories into subcategories, but the substub category isn't divided and it's still easy to navigate and useful. Wipe 09:07, 20 Feb 2005 (UTC)

List of compounds
Wipe,

Since I notice that you've been quite active on List of compounds, I thought I should mention that I am currently working on dividing this page into List of inorganic compounds (now complete) and List of organic compounds (still working on that). See the talk page on List of compounds for discussion. I see you (quite appropriately) deleted a couple of entries that didn't belong- I have in fact found hundreds like that- obscure or even fictitious compounds, minerals (lots of those), and general terms (like carbohydrate) as well as mixtures. If you look at List of inorganic compounds you will see how much I chopped out, and the organic one will also lose a lot of the silly stuff (probably at least 30% of the total). If you have any thoughts please let me know. Walkerma 21:29, 25 Mar 2005 (UTC)

 * Hi, your work looks great. Should I have time to spare later on, I'll make further contributions and present my ideas on the relevant talk pages. I personally think that these kind of lists should only contain entries that have a reasonable likelyhood to have their articles written in the future (and those that already have articles). If someone decides to write about some strange esoteric subjects, the articles still somehow tend end up on the lists sooner or later - this has been my impression so far of this large loosely-knit socitey they call Wikipedia. Wipe 23:05, 27 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Thanks- I strongly agree with you. I think it's silly to have a link to cobalt(II) tetrafluoroborate when we didn't even have a page on cobalt(II) chloride until I wrote one in January! I try to be careful, though, and check up- you never know if the obscure compound is in fact really important as a semiconductor or a biochemical molecule that I'm unfamiliar with. Walkerma 04:34, 28 Mar 2005 (UTC)

Vaporator
Hi Wipe - a group of us are trying to empty out Category:substubs of all the items that have stub subcategories on them (where they will better be seen by editors). You seem to be dumping a few of them back in substub. It doesn't make our work any easier! Grutness|hello? 08:05, 2 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Sorry, I hadn't read the substub category page lately. I wasn't aware of the new policy because there wasn't anything about it on WikiProject Stub sorting, Category:Stub_categories, Template messages, or its subpages, and you seem to have a habit of not explaining your actions in edit summaries. All this reverting could be avoided if decisions and policies were communicated more openly. Wipe 08:56, 2 May 2005 (UTC)

Appreciation
Hi Wipe,

I just wanted to leave a brief note. I think your comments about Colon Classification are interesting, and I appreciated them. Your diligence and care is apparent, and you got me to think about what I was trying to do in a clearer way. I can see your position and to some degree agree with it. However, I also think there is an opportunity to improve the article with the inclusion of with examples that may not clearly be Colon Classification, per se, but provide a useful way to look at Colon classification and help people to understand it better.

--Scott Jenkins 18:35, 24 May 2005 (UTC)

 * Thanks, you're very kind. Examples are great, as long as they have a clear purpose and give accurate and relevant information about the subject. On the other hand, putting too much general information about a broad subject (such as classification or faceted classification) in an article about one part of it (such as CC) is not good practice. I believe we must trust people to be smart enough to click the hyperlinks if they want to know more. A "see also" section is also handy. However, short descriptions of the general subject and good choice of words are often needed to avoid creating too confusing articles. Wipe 01:01, 25 May 2005 (UTC)

Template box reversion
Hi there. I've responded to your reversion here.~ Neuroscientist 09:50, Jun 26, 2005 (UTC)

 * Yes, thank you. Wipe 16:07, 26 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Guitar reverting
Thanks for the tip on reverting you left at the Guitar article. Stephen and Franklin and Roger and James 16:56, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

 * There have been cases where information has been forgotten when reverters haven't been paying enough attention. Either someone reverts too far and erases newly added good edits, or doesn't revert far enough and old information erased by a vandal gets lost. It's good to hear you care about these things. Happy editing! Wipe 17:13, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

Welcome to Wikipedia!!!

 * Well, eh, thank you! I've been here for so long and never gotten a proper welcome message. Is this a case of better late than never? 8-) Wipe 17:13, 25 April 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Wipe/Archive 1


text:
Quinnipiac Meadows

Quinnipiac Meadows, also known as Bishop Woods, is a neighborhood in the northeast corner of the city of New Haven, Connecticut located east of the Quinnipiac River and north of Fair Haven and Fair Haven Heights. It contains a considerable wetlands area which is a nature preserve. The area is bordered on the north by the town of North Haven, on the east by the town of East Haven, on the south by Route 80, on the southwest by Interstate 91 (between Exits 7 and 8), and on the west by the Amtrak railroad tracks (along the banks of the Quinnipiac River). The portion of the area west of I-91 is also part of the community known as Cedar Hill.

Print

 * The Streets of New Haven - The Origin of Their Names, 2nd edition 1998 ISBN 0-943143-02-0

title: Quinnipiac Meadows


text:
Together TV

Together TV (formerly The Community Channel) is a British free-to-air television channel owned by The Community Channel, a community benefit society. The channel targets a women's audience aged 40 to 60, with programming related to health and wellness, hobbies, and creativity.

The channel was initially launched on 18 September 2000 as The Community Channel, with programming centered around promoting volunteerism and charitable organizations.It was initially backed by other British broadcasters who provided resources and other programming to the service. After selling its previous Freeview slot to A&E Networks in 2017, the channel re-launched on Freeview in January 2018 under its current name.

1999–2000
In 1999, an initiative by Caroline Diehl to create Community Channel was supported by Elisabeth Murdoch of BSkyB, deputy home secretary Paul Boateng and cabinet office minister Lord Charles Falconer.

Community Channel launched on 18 September 2000 as a national two-hour "ethical shopping channel." This platform provided charities an opportunity to showcase their merchandise, raised awareness of the works of national charities, and contributed to increasing the number of volunteers across the UK..

2002–03
By 2002, Community Channel had increased its broadcast hours from three hours a day to 12 hours a day (8am – 8pm). It was chosen as one of the initial 30 free-to-view channels on the digital terrestrial platform Freeview. The BBC also agreed to supply relevant programming from the BBC archive to Community Channel.

In conjunction with continued broadcasts of charity focused programming, Community Channel began a co-production with ITV's campaigning series That's Esther to promote volunteering.

2002 also saw Jane Mote, Editor BBC London – TV, Radio and Online – join Community Channel as channel controller.

In 2003 the channel produced First Up, a "cruelty-free" talent show. Milton Keynes ska-punk-funk-metal band Six.Point.Five were awarded first prize by viewers and an expert panel. The prize (in association with Channel 4) was five days' recording in Abbey Road with a producer of their choice (Dave Chang).

2004–05
2004 saw the launch of flagship drama series Kismet Road. Commissioned by the Department of Health, Kismet Road used drama to promote good health. Using a number of Asian actors, writers, trainees and integrating Urdu and Punjabi in the dialogue, Kismet Road was a breakthrough series in showcasing a multicultural Britain.

Community Channel also introduced an interactive TV donation service in 2004. This service offered a round-the-clock on-air presence for selected charities, encouraging donations from viewers. Developed by Sky Interactive, the red button feature also allowed participating charities to promote their fundraising campaigns, including existing programs, films, or advertisements, at no additional cost to the charities..

In 2004, Community Channel moved from an overnight slot on Freeview to a daytime slot.

2005 saw Nick Ware, former Creative Director for BBC Learning, take on the role of channel controller and Community Channel became available on NTL for 24 hours a day.

The documentary Abnormally Funny People broadcast in partnership with Sky and won several awards. It featured a group of gifted stand-up comedians: Tanyalee Davis, Steve Best, Liz Carr, Steve Day, Chris McCausland and Simon Minty. All but one of them is disabled and all are very funny. Abnormally Funny People celebrates its 10th anniversary at Edinburgh in summer 2015.

In support of The Year of The Volunteer campaign, Community Channel broadcast a range of programmes which highlighted the work of people who donated their time to good causes. Programmes included Beach Lovers and Charity Chic – a magazine show chronicling the lives of those involved in charity shop work.

Programming in July 2005 included Restoration and Soaplife, which featured Fiona Phillips as presenter.

In September, Community Channel and the Royal Horticulture Society produced "Britain in Bloom", a partnership that ran for three years of the RHS Awards, focusing on the Neighbourhood Award scheme, also working with the BBC.

Partnering with Channel Five, Mad 4 Arts was shown in October. Also in October, pairing with BBC, Community Channel aired the National Lottery Awards.

2006
On Thursday 6 July 2006, the Broadcasters Joint Declaration was renewed with new signatories and at an event was held at Channel 4. The signatories were BBC, ITV, Channel Four, Five, Sky, Turner, Flextech Television, Disney, MTV, Discovery, GMTV, ITN and PACT.

Community Channel became available for two more hours on Freeview.

Community Channel was also at the forefront of the interactive TV campaign to raise money for the Indian Tsunami.

Launched to coincide with National Giving Week, Community Channel launched an online social networking area called YourCharitySpace for visitors to blog about charity issues. The site also offers visitors the chance to donate by linking to a specially designed page on the Charities Aid Foundation's website.

2006 saw the launch of Give More, Get More, Volunteer – a campaign to make volunteering more accessible for marginalised groups including people with no formal qualifications, people with disabilities and ethnic minorities.

In January, The Skoll Foundation’s series The New Heroes aired, telling the dramatic stories of 14 daring people from all over the world who are helping bring social reform to poor and marginalized people around the globe.

In August, partnering with BBC Two, Community Channel broadcast Restoration Village, followed by North By North East in September.

In October, the channel broadcast the Screen Nation Film and Television Awards, recognising talented black and ethnic minority actors. Teaming up with Channel Five, Mad For Poetry was also broadcast in October, along with Saving a Stranger by Anthony Nolan.

In November, Ballet Saved My Life was broadcast as a partnership with Channel 4.

In December, teaming up with Channel 4, the Community Channel aired the Beacon Awards/Secret Millionaire and Oxfam.

2007–08
Community Channel launched an interactive initiative for young film-makers called Charge TV and described as "YouTube with a conscience". Charge TV ran for five series broadcasting on Community Channel and on the website.

Daren Forsyth of BBC Future Media, became the channel’s Director of Innovation & New Media. Forsyth led a programme of digital media initiatives across Media Trust's media training, news distribution, film and TV productions and Community Channel, the TV and online service for charities.

In 2007, Community Channel joined forces with The Scout Association to deliver the live broadcast from Brownsea Island of the Sunrise Ceremony to mark the 100th anniversary of the movement.

In February, the channel aired James McAvoy: On the Tiger’s Trail, which featured the Scottish actor and explains the work of RETRAK's flagship project in Uganda.

In June 2007, the Giving Nation Challenge documentary aired which was filmed in schools across the UK showcasing young entrepreneurs participating in the Giving Nation Challenge, including their progress, and pitches to experts.

July 2007 saw ‘'Cutie HQ'’, produced by Hamma & Glamma that had replaced the axed ‘'CharliiTV'’ strand that ran from February 2006-June 2007, which was produced by RDF Television (the rights are now owned by Shout Factory in the US). It was narrated by Hannah Sandling with the tutions provided by Lily Vincent, Toni Micklebrough, Samanie Warren, Danielle Chapman, Desiree Skylark, Luciana Caporaso & Jessica Reid. ‘'Cutie HQ'’ ended in December 2008.

Community Channel also broadcast Summit About A Boy, following 22-year-old Lee McConville's extraordinary journey from the violent gang-ridden streets of Lozells in Birmingham to the exclusive briefings at the G8 summit in Germany, under the wing of veteran Times political editor Philip Webster.

In 2008, Community Channel’s Awareness Campaign featured focused programming for a variety of campaigns including Disability Week, World Mental Health Day, Black History Month, Aids and Human Rights Day.

2009–10
Community Channel launched its new BSL Zone (British Sign Language Zone) on 21 January 2009. This initiative offers an extended service in signing supported programmes.

Following on from their 2007 success, Community Channel joined forces with The Scout Association once again to showcase their six-part series Scout TV.

Spotting Cancer Early, a four-part series produced with Cancer Research UK, broadcast with Dr. Sarah Jarvis and Dr. Chris Steele presenting.

In 2010, Community Channel partnered with BT Vision and was available on Freeview for 24 hours a day from the month of May to June, leading to a notable spike in viewing figures. In September 2010, Community Channel celebrated a decade of broadcasting. For the anniversary month in September, programmes including Inspiring Stories, How the Other Half Live, Living With Size Zero and other Sky health series were broadcast. Other seasons in 2010 included Alzheimers Awareness, Black History Month, Disability Week in December and programming for World AIDS Day.

Community Channel also launched Community Champions in partnership with Heavenly. This campaign aimed to recognise the individual champions in communities across the UK. The public were encouraged to nominate and vote for their own community champions. In addition, a dedicated telephone line enabled entry forms to be requested. The top 20 people with the highest number of registered votes were shortlisted and an independent judging panel then decided on the winning five. The five winners were recognised through a documentary that highlighted the impact that they make in their community.

Community Channel also partnered with Looking Local for interactive services on Sky.

October 2010 saw the celebration of Black History Month on Community Channel. Programmes included Black History and Me, Girl Guiding Anniversary, Future Shorts, Penny Revolution and Evicted.

In November 2010, Community Channel took a deeper look at deprivation during Poverty Month, with programmes including The Street: Film with the Homeless and SPIT: Squeegee Punks in Traffic. The Nick Broomfield Season, the Strictly Politics documentary, and Unicef and Children in Need weeks were also popular with audiences during this month too.

2011
Community Channel opened 2011 with a campaign to increase cancer awareness and promote healthy living. Your Sport returned for a fourth series following its broadcast as shorts on Channel 5 from October 2010. An environmental season in March included Nature Inc, Planet India, Explore and The Environmental Atlas of Europe. International Women’s Day was highlighted through the series Make Women Matter and other programming.

Other notable spring and summer premieres included the Oscar-winning Blood of Yinzhou District, MediaBox, Talent Studio, Untold Stories, The Team (produced by Search For Common Ground), ViewChange, Charity Champions (from BBC Children in Need) and That Paralympic Show (from Channel Four).

London360 launched in June 2011, a series celebrating the capital’s communities through features produced by young reporters trained in journalism, production and digital skills. The "Riot Special" following the 2011 England riots received critical praise for its unique look into the London riots. London360 has broadcast five series and featured hundreds of communities to date with media partners including BBC Radio London, The Voice, MTV, Sky, Time Out, Huffington Post and Westside Radio. Many of London360's alumni have gone on to work for major broadcasters including BBC, ITV, MTV and London Live.

In August and September, the channel ran a season of pioneering British films under the This Britain banner. These films were funded by the BFI Production Board and charted changing Britain from the 1970s to the millennium. The season ran for 10 weeks, launching with Horace Ové's Pressure (1975), and included Karl Francis's Above Them The Earth (1977), Peter K. Smith’s A Private Enterprise (1974), Ron Peck’s Nighthawks (1978), Sally Potter’s The Gold Diggers (1983), Menelik Shabazz's Burning an Illusion (1981) Patrick Keiller's Robinson in Space (1997), Margaret Tait’s Blue Black Permanent (1992), and John Akomfrah's Speak Like A Child (1998).

In September, the channel launched a simulcast programming block on Channel M, a local TV channel in Manchester, broadcasting four hours a day. This continued until Channel M’s closure in April 2012. The channel also launched feature documentary strand Beyond Borders, which has broadcast more than 50 films to date.

In October, the channel ran a season marking Black History Month and in November it ran a season of programmes on addiction, including HBO’s High on Crack Street, its premiere coinciding with Sky’s premiere of The Fighter, which features the documentary.

In November, the channel launched UK360, a celebrity-presented series that featured stories from communities and local reporters across the UK. It ran for 50 episodes until August 2013 and presenters included Benjamin Zephaniah, Terry Wogan, Rachel Riley, Matt Allwright, Charlie Dimmock, Adam Deacon and many more. The channel also ran a short event supporting the Film Africa film festival and lifelong learning content.

In December, the channel broadcast eight Worldview-supported international documentaries as new films commissioned by Worldview, Community Channel and YourWorldview shorts. Other new programmes included An Inconvenient Truth 2 and Dream Islands.

2012
In March, Community Channel and The Sunday Times launched "The Change Makers", a competition calling on the public to nominate inspirational people that had made positive impact on the community. Six features appeared in newspaper including interviews with celebrity supporters James Middleton and Karren Brady. Over 20 social enterprises were showcased in the campaign and the winning group Street Soccer in Scotland received exposure for their work across The Sunday Times and Community Channel, a £500 prize and a raft of professional media support from The Sunday Times to help further promote their work.

Community Channel was broadcast partner for The Space, a new digital arts service from Arts Council England and the BBC. From July to 16 October, specially-produced programmes were aired and featured content from companies and artists, from films on John Peel, Tracey Emin and Ridley Scott alongside full performances of The Two Worlds of Charlie F (performed by Afghan war veterans) and two Globe To Globe Shakespeare’s (performed by companies from Zimbabwe and Bangladesh). A specially-commissioned Community Channel series Arts360 brought mainstream and community arts to life from a younger perspective.

Sleep Out Live was Community Channel’s first live broadcast event. Partnering with Centrepoint and six other youth homeless charities, it contained interviews, performances, guest appearances, link-ups across the UK and films about youth homelessness. The promo featuring presenter Richard Madeley was broadcast to shopping centres across the UK with footfall of 60m people and was secured Sky cross-promotion on Sky News and PickTV, who broadcast it 46 times. The event raised £350,000, up £100,000 on the previous year’s total.

During the London Olympics, Community Channel documented the lives and passions of disparate groups and communities that can be viewed as being outside the social norm in the Outsiders season. Programming included A Very British Games, Gypsy Gentleman, For the Love of Odd, Thank You Skinhead Girl and UK360: Momentum.

In November, Community Channel launched as a third-party linking partner on BBC iPlayer. This enables BBC iPlayer’s 8,000,000 weekly users to find information and over 1000 on-demand programmes from Community Channel on the UK’s leading broadcaster VOD service.

2013
In February, the channel’s Freeview hours were extended by three hours from 5am – 8am to 2am – 8am.

In April, Community Channel showcased an Against All Odds season to celebrate those who have overcome mental or physical setbacks. This coincided with National Autism Month and Cystic Fibrosis Week (29th – 5th).

May and June saw Community Channel introduce the popular Gypsy Roma Traveller season in which Gypsy Roma Traveller (GRT) cultures and histories throughout the UK were celebrated with online features and links to groups. Steering Group of 20 GRT activists, academics and artists identified issues to profile, e.g. housing, health, education, women, art and prejudice.

The channel secured over 20 new films and documentaries for the season, working with NGOs, broadcasters, distributors and filmmakers around the world. A UK360 special featuring GRT360 news bulletins, talking head promos and agony aunt spots added context to the season.

Community Channel received extensive online support with a dedicated microsite for highlights, news, topics and ways to take action. Newsletters were sent to over 20k subscribers to increase awareness.

The season gained coverage in several newspapers, magazines and websites including The Independent, Huffington Post and New Statesman.

In September, a new series of Brilliant Britain began piloting. Brilliant Britain is an entertainment magazine show that is produced by Community Channel and celebrates brilliant community stories from across the UK, featuring regular segments and local stories.

Community Channel became available on Freesat channel 651 in 2013, and on TVCatchup.

2014
In 2014, Community Channel moved its Freeview EPG slot from news (channel 87) to general entertainment (channel 63).

Community Channel and Media Trust gained funding from the Big Lottery Fund to launch the flagship campaign "Do Something Brilliant". This campaign sets out to celebrate all that is brilliant about the incredible, diverse and talented people who make England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland a better place for us all.

Do Something Brilliant launched on 25 February 2014. In conjunction with this, Brilliant Britain and My Brilliant Moment will showcase communities and charities around the UK.

Community Channel launched on Freeview HD on 18 March and was to be found on channel 109.

The Easy Riders launched on 19 March 2014. The Easy Riders is a new 10-part series starring Red Dwarf star Danny John-Jules and Steve Keys. Sharing a passion for motorcycles and adventure, we follow our intrepid explorers as they embark on an epic 1,250 mile journey from the UK to Valencia in aid of Riders for Health; a charity working to ensure health workers in Africa can access reliable transportation to reach isolated people with regular healthcare.

On 29 April 2014, Community Channel had its broadcast hours extended on Freeview SD from 3am – 8am to 3am – 12am. April also saw the channel introduce its Secrets of Sex strand. Covering issues surrounding gay rights, sex and disability, body image, AIDS and the fight against female genital mutilation, this strand aims to lift the lid on aspects of sex and sexuality rarely covered in the media. Shows including Naked on the Inside, Protection, The Last Taboo and the Meryl Streep-narrated Cutting Tradition have featured in this strand. Secrets of Sex has grown to become a channel staple and has seen audience figures in the hundreds of thousands.

Community Channel’s young reporter series London360 ran for 13 episodes on new local TV channel London Live.

In August, Community Channel’s Do Something Brilliant campaign teamed up with The Sunday Times to launch The Change Makers, a search for the UK’s social innovator of the year. Run in association with SparkNews Impact Journalism Day, this competition aimed to inspire people across the country to do something brilliant and to spark social change. Out of more than one hundred nominations, Joe Dickinson won the competition making him the social innovator of the year. Joe’s Call and Check service ensures that postmen and women check in on vulnerable people in Jersey.

On 16 September 2014, Community Channel’s Freeview hours extended once again to 17 hours on air including 3am – 3pm and 7pm – midnight. As well as achieving a month’s viewing figures over 2 million, September also saw the highest rated week in channel history with more than a million viewers.

2015
On 22 February 2015, Community Channel premiered its first ever drama series PREMature. The series was acquired in 2014 and was originally funded through Kickstarter along with co-production funding from Community Channel. Cast and crew screenings of all six episodes were held in Brentford on the eve of its television premiere. Easy Riders returned for a third series with The Five Peaks challenge. Planet Norfolk returned for series 2, with the filmmaker Nik Coleman holding a premiere screening in Great Yarmouth and a promotion being shown at Norwich FC's grounds. London360 returned for series 7, with its reporters interviewing party leaders ahead of the election for Sky's Stand Up and Be Counted.

In March 2015, The Community Channel moved to a Freeview HD multiplex on channel 109 in order to facilitate the launch of Horror Channel.

In April the channel launched Make #Something Brilliant competition with Wendy Turner Webster and Julie Peasgood, with support from Hobbycraft and Craft Beautiful magazine. This was alongside a craft and passions season on the channel which included series Crafty Beggars and She's Crafty.

Do Something Brilliant Week launched in late May, with a new TV ad broadcasting across Sky, MTV, Turner and BT Sport alongside Community Channel. The Share #Something Brilliant competition was supported by METRO and other media and charity partners supported the campaign through online and social media. New programming for Do Something Brilliant Week included the five-part series This Is Brilliant and hour-long Do Something Brilliant, alongside regular series My Brilliant Moment and Brilliant Northern Ireland. Other series included Supersize vs. Superskinny, The Undateables and The Day Before Tomorrow from The Drum.

2016
In January, the channel was the first broadcaster to show the series Walks Around Britain, which was commissioned from the Yorkshire-based Nova Productions. Community Channel premiered both season one and two, and screened season three after it was first broadcast on the Made TV network of local channels.

In 2016, the channel launched a crowdfunding campaign to help raise £300,000 to keep the channel broadcasting. The channel offered ownership shares for £50 or more. The campaign raised £367,200 in 47 days – over £67,000 more than their original target.

In September 2016 the Community Channel became a Community Benefit Society (FCA: RS007400), and issued shares to its 200+ new owners, and then ran director elections to elect three members to its board. The new CBS board met for the first time in November, and included the elected directors alongside media industry and charity directors. The Community Channel's charitable status was recognised by HMRC in November 2016.

Rebranding and relaunch
In mid-2017, the channel's broadcast licence was transferred to TCC Broadcasting Limited (a for-profit entity based at the same address as The Community Channel and registered May 2017) which reduced its broadcasting hours to 14 hours per day. In August, the channel ceased broadcasting on Freeview, and TCC Broadcasting Limited was sold to A&E Networks UK, with the transaction used to allow a relocation of A&E's Blaze to channel 63. In January 2018, it was announced that Community Channel would relaunch as Together on 16 January 2018 on Freeview channel 93, with Together TV+1 taking this channel number in July 2019 when the main channel moved to Freeview 89 after a slight re-brand and change in multiplex, making it available in most UK homes. As part of a Freeview channel reshuffle on 20 November 2019, Together TV moved from Freeview 89 to Freeview 88, and Together TV+1 took Freeview 89, later moving to channel 82. Together TV+1 ended transmissions via Freeview on 15 February 2021.

2022
In March 2022 the channel launched the second year of its Diverse Film Fund, following the launch of the fund in 2021, which supported five short documentaries under the "Black British and Breaking Boundaries" banner – of these "Our Land" won a BAFTA for Best Short Form Programme in May 2022.

The channel's successful Sunflower Challenge behaviour change campaign returned for a second year, with over fifty thousand people and 100+ community groups receiving sunflower seed kits and support over a 12-week growing journey to improve mental health and community participation. Over 130,000 people and 500 community groups had taken part in similar Challenges since spring 2021.

On 29 June 2022, the channel changed to being broadcast on Freeview as a HbbTV service as the multiplex it was on (COM7) was closed down. For viewers whose television sets supported the technology, by having Freeview Play for example, it means they could watch the channel 24 hours a day. For viewers whose television sets did not support any HbbTV services, the channel continued to be broadcast for four hours on Freeview as a standard channel, between the hours of 3am and 7am.

On 26 October 2022, this 24 hour HbbTV channel became Together+1 on Freeview channel 92 (COM5) as The Community Channel society managed to get a COM4 slot for a temporary period for their Together TV service, starting 26 October 2022 on channel 83 and running from 5am to 3am each day.

2024
At the end of December 2023, Together TV returned to broadcasting as a standard definition channel on Freeview 83 without the need of an internet-enabled television. On 24 January 2024, this channel was joined by a HD version broadcasting as a streaming service on channel 285 under the name Together TV IP. As channel 285 had been the channel where Together TV+1 was found at the end of 2023, the timeshift channel moved to channel 92, with the Freeview hours set to 5:00AM to 8:00AM, which was the broadcast hours used by the main channel before Christmas. Later on 20 March 2024, the regular broadcast hours on Freeview were changed to broadcast from 6:00PM until 12:00AM and started timesharing it’s Freeview slot with Shop on TV on channel 89, which runs from 12:00AM until 6:00PM. The timeshift channel Together TV+1 continues to broadcast 5:00AM until 8:00AM and outside of these three hours, the channel streams on channel 90 for those with a TV connected to the internet.

Current programming

 * Ade in Britain (formerly on ITV)
 * An Outage
 * Battersea Junction – Stories from the Winstanley and York Road Estates (a documentary put together by Wandsworth Heritage Service and Year 6 children from Falconbrook Primary School).
 * Brewing Stories
 * Britain's Scenic Railways (from Channel 4)
 * Changing Rooms (Channel 4 series)
 * Doctor Thorne (TV series with Tom Hollander as Doctor Thorne)
 * Elizabeth I (2005 TV series with Helen Mirren)
 * Episodes (sitcom with Stephen Mangan, Tamsin Greig, and Matt LeBlanc)
 * Eric, Ernie and Me (BBC Four television film)
 * Garden Rescue (formerly on BBC One)
 * Hello Campers (an oral history of Britain's holiday camps)
 * Kirstie and Phil Love It or List It (from Channel 4)
 * The Last Miners
 * My Grandparents' War (documentary series from Channel 4)
 * Queer Lives Today
 * Rare Breed: A Farming Year (UTV Ireland programme)
 * Respectable: The Mary Millington Story (a documentary directed by Simon Sheridan)
 * This Farming Life (BBC Scotland series)
 * Tudor Farm/Victorian Farm (BBC historic farm series)
 * Victorian Pharmacy (another BBC series with Ruth Goodman)
 * Wild Coasts of Scotland with Darcey Bussell (from Channel 4)
 * Yorkshire's Worst Mining Disaster (the story of the Oaks Colliery Disaster of 1866)

title: Together TV


text:
William Kerr, 4th Marquess of Lothian

General William Henry Kerr, 4th Marquess of Lothian, (1710 – 12 April 1775) was a Scottish nobleman, British soldier and politician, the eldest son of William Kerr, 3rd Marquess of Lothian. He was styled Master of Jedburgh until 1722, Lord Jedburgh from 1722 to 1735, and Earl of Ancram from 1735 to 1767. As the Earl of Ancram, he distinguished himself during the War of the Austrian Succession.

Family
On 6 November 1735, he married Lady Carolina Louisa Darcy (d. 1778), daughter of Robert Darcy, 3rd Earl of Holderness, and thereafter assumed the style of Earl of Ancram rather than Lord Jedburgh. D'Arcy, Midlothian is named after his wife.

They had three children:
 * William John Kerr, 5th Marquess of Lothian (1737–1815)
 * Lady Louisa Kerr (born 18 October 1739), married Lord George Henry Lennox on 25 December 1759, at Dumfries, and had issue including
 * Lady Maria Louisa Lennox (2 November 1760 – July 1843).
 * Lady Emilie Charlotte Lennox (December 1763 – 19 October 1832), married Adm. Hon. Sir George Cranfield Berkeley and had issue.
 * Charles Lennox, 4th Duke of Richmond (9 September 1764 – 28 August 1819).
 * Lady Georgiana Lennox (6 December 1765 – 20 January 1841), married Henry Bathurst, 3rd Earl Bathurst.
 * Lady Wilhelmina Emilia Kerr, married Col. John McLeod, RA on 2 January 1783 in London and had issue of five daughters and four sons

Military service
Ancram was commissioned a cornet in 1735. He was a captain in the 31st Regiment of Foot in 1739, and transferred as such to the 1st Regiment of Foot Guards in 1741. He fought with the Guards at the Battle of Fontenoy (1745) while serving as an aide-de-camp to the Duke of Cumberland, and was wounded during the battle. He was subsequently made an ADC to the King and a colonel. In the same year, he was appointed lieutenant-colonel of Lord Mark Kerr's Regiment of Dragoons, and commanded the cavalry on the left wing at the Battle of Culloden in 1746 (His younger brother, Lord Robert Kerr, was with the infantry and was the highest-ranking Government casualty of the battle). After the battle, he commanded the forces at Aberdeen until August, and then returned to the Continent with Cumberland in December. At some point during the year, he was appointed a Groom of the Bedchamber to Cumberland.

Ancram was sent home with the standards captured at the Battle of Lauffeld. On 1 December 1747, he succeeded Daniel Houghton as colonel of the 24th Regiment of Foot. On 11 December 1747, through the interest of his brother-in-law Robert Darcy, 4th Earl of Holderness, he was returned as Member of Parliament (MP) for Richmond at a by-election in place of Sir Conyers Darcy, who had also been returned for Yorkshire and preferred that seat.

In 1752, Ancram was appointed colonel of the 11th Regiment of Dragoons, in succession to his grand-uncle Lord Mark Kerr. He was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant General in 1758 and held a command under the Duke of Marlborough during the Raid on St Malo.

Resignation from the Commons
Ancram had followed his old commander Cumberland into politics, and with him supported Pitt and his opposition to the negotiations for the Treaty of Paris. While Ancram's political position was undermined in 1762 when his brother-in-law, Lord Holderness, sold off his interest in the borough of Richmond, Fox and Lord Shelburne were still at pains to persuade him to leave the House of Commons before the vote on the peace preliminaries without the interference of Cumberland. Ancram voted against the preliminaries on 9 December, having missed a message from Cumberland directing him not to do so; ultimately, he took the Chiltern Hundreds in 1763, having accepted, according to the Duke of Newcastle, £4,000 to do so.

Later life
In 1767, he succeeded to the Marquessate of Lothian. He was elected a Scottish representative peer and appointed a Knight of the Thistle in 1768. He was promoted to general in 1770 and died in 1775 at Bath.

title: William Kerr, 4th Marquess of Lothian


text:
Padmini Chettur

Padmini Chettur (born 1970) is an Indian contemporary dancer, trained by dancer-choreographer Chandralekha. She runs her own dance company based in Chennai, India, "Padmini Chettur Dance Company".

Early life and education
Padmini Chettur was born in 1970 and began her training in the Indian classical dance-styles Bharata Natyam as a child. She graduated from Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani (BITS Pilani) in 1991.

Career
Padmini presented her first contemporary experiment in 1989.

In 1991 she joined the dance company run by Chandralekha and worked with it till 2001, performing in the productions ‘Lilavati,’ ‘Prana,’ ‘Angika,’ ‘Sri,’ ‘Bhinna Pravaha,’ ‘Yantra,’ ‘Mahakaal’ and ‘Sharira.’ Meanwhile, she presented her first solo work ‘Wings and Masks’ (1999). This was followed by ‘Brown', the duet 'Unsung’, ‘Fragility’ (2001) – a group production, and ‘Solo’ (2003) in three sections, and then came another group production ‘Paperdoll’. Her production, ‘Pushed’ premiered at Seoul Performing Arts Festival (SPAF) 2006, and travelled to Brussels, Holland, Salzburg, Paris and Lisbon. ‘Beautiful Thing 1’ and ‘Beautiful Thing 2’ were created as a group and a solo work respectively – exploring the politics of beauty of the body and the space. These were performed extensively in India and abroad. ‘Wall Dancing’ came next as a group production with further explorations in that line – pushing the boundaries of the notion of dependency of bodies with one another as well that with the space. This was also her first non-proscenium work that travelled within India and to Vienna and Singapore. While working with 'Wall Dancing', she created ‘Kolam’ in association with French choreographer David Rolland as part of his production. It is a dance piece created on a massive carpet with a Kolam designed on it. Padmini is currently working on a group piece exploring the notion of distance and longing by working with a Varnam in a contemporary way – relevant to current socio-cultural scenario.

She has been artist in residence in England, the Netherlands, Germany and elsewhere. She is also one of the co-founders (along with dancer-choreographer Preethi Athreya, musician-composer Maarten Visser and theater-director-actor Pravin Kannanur) of an artists' collective based in Chennai, India – known as Basement 21.

Works

 * Wings and Masks (Production / Performance, 1999)
 * Fragility (Production / Performance, 2001)
 * Solo (Production / Performance, 2003)
 * Paperdoll (Production / Performance, 2005)
 * Pushed (Production / Performance, 2006)
 * Beautiful Thing 1 (Production / Performance, 2009)
 * Beautiful Thing 2 (Production / Performance, 2011)
 * Wall Dancing (Production / Performance, 2012)
 * Kolam (In association with David Rolland) (Production / Performance, 2014)
 * Varnam (Production / Performance, 2016)

title: Padmini Chettur


text:
Henry's Cat

Henry's Cat is a British animated children's television series, created by Stan Hayward and directed by Bob Godfrey, who was also the producer of Roobarb and Noah and Nelly in... SkylArk. The show starring a yellow feline, known only as Henry's Cat, and his many friends and enemies. In every episode, narration and character voices were provided by Bob Godfrey.

Henry's Cat was first screened by BBC Television in the United Kingdom on September 12, 1983, and aired for 5 series and 51 episodes. The show was re-dubbed for American audiences with the voice of Dom DeLuise.

Main

 * Henry's Cat – The main protagonist, a laid-back daydreamer with a great passion for eating and adventure.
 * Chris Rabbit – Henry's Cat's best friend, an ever-enthusiastic, highly energetic blue rabbit.
 * Mosey Mouse – The opposite of Chris Rabbit, Mosey is dour and realistic.
 * Douglas Dog, Sammy Snail, Pansy Pig, Denise Duck, Ted Tortoise, Philippe Frog – miscellaneous friends of Henry's Cat. They all mean well, but often overestimate their own abilities in various ways.

Antagonists

 * Farmer Giles – A crotchety human farmer with a West Country accent who's occasionally inconvenienced by Henry's Cat's antics. He only appears in the first season.
 * Constable Bulldog – A stern but fair policeman (or police dog) who takes a very dim view of the gang's well-meaning escapades.
 * Rum Baa Baa – The main antagonist: a criminal mastermind sheep who's Henry's Cat's archenemy.

Henry
Henry himself never appeared on screen; the name is thought by some to be an allusion to an earlier one-off Hayward/Godfrey collaboration, Henry 9 'til 5, about a bowler-hatted commuter who escaped his boring everyday life by indulging in daydreams, mostly of a sexual nature. Henry's Cat shared the earlier character's tendency toward wild flights of fancy and laid-back approach to life. Henry's Cat creator Stan Hayward included the official explanation for the character's lack of a name on the official Henry's Cat Special Edition DVD in 2000. The explanation was that Henry, an unseen character in the series, had been Henry's Cat's original owner. He had moved away, and Henry's Cat had forgotten to go with him. He had a terrible memory, and later even forgot his own name, and so became known simply as "Henry's Cat".

Series 1 (1983)
Each episode in this series is 4–5 minutes long.

Series 2 (1984)
Each episode in this series is 4–5 minutes long.

Series 3 (1986)
Each episode in this series is 14–15 minutes long.

Series 4 (1986–87)
Each episode in this series is 14–15 minutes long.

Series 5 (1992–93)
Each episode in this series is 12 minutes long.

Series 1

 * Created by: Stan Hayward
 * Script: Stan Hayward
 * Animation: Bob Godfrey, Paul Stone, Kevin Baldwin
 * Music & Sound: Peter Shade
 * Narrated by: Bob Godfrey
 * Camera & Editing: Derek Phillips
 * Production: Mike Hayes
 * Produced & Directed by: Bob Godfrey

(c) Stan Hayward Bob Godfrey Films Ltd. 1983

Series 2

 * Created by: Stan Hayward
 * Script: Stan Hayward
 * Animation: Kevin Baldwin, Bob Godfrey, Malcolm Hartley, Drew Mandigo, Paul Stone
 * Assistant Animator: Malou Bonicos, one episode, series 2, The Hot Day
 * Music: John Hyde / de Wolfe Ltd.
 * Dubbing: John Wood Studios
 * Editing: Sean Lenihan
 * Camera: Derek Phillips
 * Production: Mike Hayes
 * Produced, Directed and Narrated by: Bob Godfrey

(c) Stan Hayward Bob Godfrey Films Ltd. 1984 (From Series 2 to Series 5)

Series 3

 * Created by: Stan Hayward
 * Script: Stan Hayward
 * Animation: Kevin Baldwin, Bob Godfrey, Malcolm Hartley, Mark Oz, Paul Rosevear
 * Music: John Hyde / de Wolfe Ltd
 * Trace & Paint: Tancy Baran, Beryl Godfrey, Louise Unwin
 * Camera: Derek Phillips
 * Editing: John Daniels
 * Production: Mike Hayes
 * Produced, Directed and Narrated by: Bob Godfrey

Series 4

 * Created by: Stan Hayward
 * Script: Stan Hayward
 * Animation: Kevin Baldwin, Bob Godfrey, Neil Salmon
 * Additional Animation: Steve Roberts
 * Music: Jonathan Hodge
 * Trace and Paint: Beryl Godfrey, Louise Unwin
 * Camera: Julian Holdaway, Heather Reader
 * Editing: Picture Head
 * Production: Mike Hayes
 * Narrated, Directed and Produced by: Bob Godfrey

Series 5

 * Created by: Stan Hayward
 * Script: Stan Hayward, Mike Knowles, Kevin Baldwin, Bob Godfrey
 * Storyboard, Layouts, Animation: Kevin Baldwin
 * Additional Animation: Jeff Goldner, Neil Salmon, Bob Godfrey, Jody Gannon.
 * Trace and Paint: Denise Hambry, Lisa Smith, Jazvinda Phull, Beryl Godfrey, Ricky Arnold
 * Music: Rowland Lee
 * Title Music: Jonathan P. Hodge
 * Camera: Jeremy Moorshead
 * Backgrounds: Bob Godfrey
 * Editing: Picturehead
 * Production: Mike Hayes
 * Narrated, Produced and Directed by: Bob Godfrey

Australian VHS releases

 * Roadshow Entertainment (2001)

title: Henry's Cat


text:
Playgroup (band)

Playgroup is a British dance act. It is the project of musician and designer Trevor Jackson.

They were associated with the electroclash movement. Jackson has also performed under the names Underdog and Skull.

Albums

 * Playgroup Party mix Vol. 1 (Playgroup Records, 2001)
 * Playgroup (Source UK, 2001 and on Astralwerks in the USA on 19 March 2002. It was also re-released as a limited edition double album on Playgroup Records in June 2003)
 * DJ-Kicks: Playgroup (Studio !K7, 2002)
 * Reproduction (Peacefrog Records, 1 November 2004)

Remixes

 * Chicks on Speed - "Wordy Rappinghood" (2003)
 * Louie Austen feat. Peaches - "Grab My Shaft" (2003)

"Number One"
In 2001, Playgroup released the single "Number One", an up-tempo disco dance song. The music video was computer-animated and featured a tower PC which was transformed into a humanoid dancing robot during the song. The dancing PC performed various dance moves with disco to breakdance elements in a digital dance arena, complete with lighting effects. Among the moves are some signature ones of famous artists. The list included Michael Jackson's moonwalk and the glowing tiles under each footstep first seen in his "Billie Jean" video. The rocking version of the duckwalk popularized by Angus Young of AC/DC was also recreated by the computer-generated dancer. "Number One" peaked at number 66 on the UK Singles Chart.

Playgroup also remixed the number one single "Carols" by Ayumi Hamasaki for her remix album, Ayu-mi-x 6: Silver.

title: Playgroup (band)


text: User talk:82.41.73.157

title: User talk:82.41.73.157