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Sauger

The sauger (Sander canadensis) is a freshwater perciform fish of the family Percidae that resembles its close relative, the walleye. The species is a member of the largest vertebrate order, the Perciformes. It is the most migratory percid species in North America. Saugers have two dorsal fins; the first is spiny and the posterior dorsal fin is soft-rayed. Their paired fins are in the thoracic position and their caudal fin is truncated, which means squared off at the corners, a characteristic of the family Percidae. Another physical characteristic of saugers is their ctenoid scales, which are common in advanced fishes. Saugers have a fusiform body structure, and as a result are well adapted predatory fishes and are capable of swimming into fast currents with minimal drag on their bodies. They may be distinguished from walleyes by the distinctly spotted dorsal fin, by the lack of a white splotch on the caudal fin, by the rough skin over their gills, and by their generally more brassy color, or darker (almost black) color in some regions. The typical sauger is 300 to 400 g in weight.

Distribution
Saugers are widely distributed; their historical range consisted of the eastern U.S. west of the Appalachian Mountains, mostly southern, central, and western U.S., and north into southern Canada. Sauger distribution and range has decreased from historical ranges because of degraded and fragmented habitat conditions. Sauger distribution within their home range varies by time of year because they are migratory. Saugers are more typical in rivers, whereas walleyes are more common in lakes and reservoirs. In many parts of their range, saugers are sympatric with walleyes. Hybridization between saugers and walleyes is not unknown; the hybrids, referred to as saugeyes, exhibit traits of both species. Being intermediate in appearance between the two species, saugeyes are sometimes difficult to differentiate, but they generally carry the dark blotches characteristic of the sauger. Saugers, however, are usually smaller and better tolerate waters of higher turbidity than walleyes. Saugers require warmer summer water temperatures of 20 - 28 C. Their need for warm water is thought to affect the northern and western boundaries of their range.

Reproduction and lifecycle
Saugers generally move upstream to spawn during March to May, depending on where they are. They move downstream to their home locations from April–July after their spawning period is over. Saugers have been known to travel between 10 and 600 km from their home to spawning locations downstream. Habitats at spawning sites are less complex and diverse than home locations. Females prefer rocky substrate and pools to deposit their eggs. As females increase in length, egg quality and fecundity increase, but egg production is thought to decline after age 6. Sexual maturity is reached between 2 and 5 years old. Other measures of sexual maturity are related to size. A sauger is considered to be an adult when it reaches 250 to 300 mm. Upon hatching, larval saugers drift downstream before developing feeding tendencies and horizontal maneuverability. Juvenile saugers tend to develop in diversion canals and backwaters until autumn, when they migrate upstream to their winter habitat. Residing in diversion canals is a large cause of mortality for juvenile saugers.

Diet
Saugers feed on a variety of invertebrates and small fishes depending on the time of year and size of the sauger. Channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus and freshwater drum Aplodinotus grunniens are midsize (300–379 mm) and large (>379 mm) saugers' main food source during spring. The diet of a small sauger (200–299 mm) is slightly different from a larger sauger's. Smaller saugers generally feed on benthic invertebrates, mayfly larvae, and catfish during spring and summer. Midsized and large saugers feed mainly on fish from spring to autumn, but their diets alter during summer. Midsized and large saugers feed predominantly on mayfly larvae but only during summer. Freshwater drum Aplodinotus grunniens and gizzard shad Dorosoma cepedianum are predominant food sources for saugers of all sizes during autumn. Fish accounted for over 99% of a sauger's diet during autumn. Saugers also prey on shiners during spring and summer, but they do not account for a significant part of their diet. Shiners are absent from a sauger's diet in autumn probably due to their availability.

Habitat
Saugers are more likely to be found in large rivers with deep pools (depths greater than 0.6 m). They encounter a variety of habitats because of their migratory tendencies. They are usually found in natural rivers because they have more abundant pools and their flows have not been altered by dams or diversions. They are still common in impounded river systems. Diversions and dams affect habitat and spawning areas of saugers. They are usually found in areas with high turbidity, low channel slope, low stream velocity, and deep water. Saugers tend to select pools with sand and silt substrates, and habitat features that provide cover from the river current. They tend to avoid runs and riffles. They are most commonly found in pools that are at least 1.5 m deep. They can also be found in shallower pools, but in lesser numbers. No differences in habitat preference between males and females has been observed. The number of saugers observed increases with mean summer water temperature, maximum water depth, and alkalinity.

Taxonomy
Alongside the walleye, the sauger forms the North American clade within the genus Sander, and the sauger is thought to have first speciated into its modern form about 7.3 million years ago. The sauger was first formally described as Lucioperca canadensis in 1834 by British naturalists and explorers Edward Griffith (1790–1858) and Charles Hamilton Smith (1776–1859) based on the work of French naturalist and anatomist Georges Cuvier (1769–1832) which Griffith translated from the French language.

Conservation

Saugers face many conservation issues because of migratory barriers, habitat loss, entrainment in irrigation canals, and overexploitation. Dams and diversion canals prevent spawning in upstream habitats. Altering flows in rivers affect turbidity, formation of pools, and temperature, all of which are important for the timing and success of spawning saugers. Long migrations are the main reason why saugers struggle in dammed or diverted river systems. Low water levels in periods of drought are the most detrimental to sauger populations because it strands eggs during spawning and prevents larval saugers from reaching their downstream locations. High death rates that occur during spawning are related to degraded and fragmented river systems. Mortality rates in autumn are related to exploitation by fishermen.

Sauger are critically imperiled in the state of New York, with a small population still remaining in Lake Champlain. Sauger were extirpated from Lake Erie at some point after a population crash in the 1950s, as well as from Lake Ontario. Populations in the Allegheny River are prevented from reaching New York by the Kinzua Dam, which has led to the initiation of a sauger stocking program in the upper Allegheny River. As of 2022, fishing for sauger in New York is totally prohibited statewide.

title: Sauger


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Katy Taylor

Katy Lynn Taylor (born October 22, 1989) is an American former competitive figure skater. She is the 2006 Four Continents Champion and 2004 Junior World bronze medalist. She was an alternate to the 2006 Winter Olympic team after finishing fourth at the 2006 United States Figure Skating Championships.

Personal life
Taylor was born in Houston, Texas, to Keith and Tammy Taylor. Her father owns and operates a wholesale floral business. She has one older brother, Brennan. As a child, she participated in a number of activities, including gymnastics, T-ball, soccer, ballet, and tennis. When she was four years old, Taylor told her parents she wanted to be a "pretty famous ice skater."

She attended Mayde Creek Junior High School and Mayde Creek High School. While in school, Taylor was a member of the National Honor Society and the student council and won the Presidential Award for Academic Excellence. Taylor was also a member of the 2007 State Farm/U.S. Figure Skating Scholastic Honors Team. She graduated from high school in 2008. She was considering attending the University of Texas at Austin or another college in Texas, but decided to stay in her hometown and attend the University of Houston.

Early career
Taylor began skating one week before her sixth birthday. When she was eight, she began taking individual lessons with coach Jana Conter. She landed her first triple, a triple loop, when she was 10.

In 2001, Taylor competed on the juvenile level at the U.S. Junior National Championships, which are the national championships for skaters at the juvenile and intermediate level. She finished third. The next year Taylor competed on the intermediate level and finished tenth. In the 2002–2003 season, she moved up to the novice level and qualified for the 2003 U.S. Figure Skating Championships by finishing second at Southwestern Regionals and second at the Midwestern Sectional Figure Skating Championships. At the National Championships, Taylor finished second behind gold medalist Kimmie Meissner. Taylor was then named to the team for the Triglav Trophy, where she won the silver medal on the novice level.

2003–2004 and 2004–2005 seasons

During the 2003–2004 season, Taylor moved up to the junior level. She won a silver medal at her first Junior Grand Prix event in Bratislava, Slovakia. In her next Junior Grand Prix event in Japan, she finished fourth. On the national level, Taylor qualified for the 2004 United States Figure Skating Championships by winning the Midwestern Sectional Championships on the junior level. At the National Championships, she finished second to Meissner once again, although she did win the short program. (Chron-Barron2004; Interview) After the event, Taylor was named to the team for the 2004 World Junior Figure Skating Championships. She won the bronze medal, finishing behind Japan’s Miki Ando and Kimmie Meissner.

During the 2004–2005 season, Taylor competed on the Junior Grand Prix once again. She finished third at the events in Budapest, Hungary, and Chemnitz, Germany, but did not qualify for the Junior Grand Prix Final. (Houston Chron 2004) She moved up to the senior level nationally and qualified for the 2005 United States Figure Skating Championships after finishing first at Midwestern Sectionals. At the National Championships, she finished sixth in the short program after hitting all her elements. She ended the competition in ninth place after popping a triple Lutz and falling on a triple Salchow.

2005–2006 season
In the fall of 2005, Taylor competed on the Junior Grand Prix again. She finished fourth at the event in Slovakia and second at the event in Bulgaria. Taylor originally was named as an alternate to the Junior Grand Prix Final but later received a last-minute call to the competition in Ostrava, Czech Republic. (Chron 2006) She received the call after competing and winning the Sectionals competition in Denver, Colorado, all while suffering from a cold and sinus infection. Taylor, her coach, and her mother spent 26 hours traveling from Houston to Ostrava and arrived at 7:30 p.m. the day before the event. She placed fourth at the competition, only 3.5 points away from the bronze medal.

In January 2006, Taylor competed at the 2006 U.S. Figure Skating Championships. She placed seventh in the short program after singling the second part of her triple Lutz-double toe combination. In the long program, she skated to the Forrest Gump Suite and had the third highest technical score (54.21). She ended the competition in fourth place after finishing third in the long program. Her final score was 152.54. After the competition, she was named to the Junior World team. U.S. Figure Skating also named her as the second alternate to the 2006 Olympic team. Taylor later dropped out of Junior Worlds after she had skate problems.

After the National Championships, Taylor competed at the Four Continents Championships in Colorado Springs, Colorado, her first senior international event. She won the gold medal after finishing second in both the short program and the long program. During the short program competition, Taylor had to deal with a power outage in the arena that caused a 15-minute delay in the event. She still earned a personal best in the short program. In the long program, Taylor landed five triple jumps, including a triple Lutz at the end of the program. Her only major error was popping a triple loop. Katy still remains the youngest Four Continents Champion winning the competition when she was 16 years and 98 days old.

2006–2007 season
As the 2006–2007 season began, Taylor stated that her goals for the year were to qualify for the Grand Prix Final, make the world team, place well at the National Championships and receive a standing ovation. She began the season by winning the bronze medal at the Nebelhorn Trophy in Oberstdorf, Germany, in September. She then competed on the Senior Grand Prix for the first time at Skate America in Hartford, Connecticut and Skate Canada International in Victoria, British Columbia. Before Skate America, Taylor broke in a new pair of skates, which caused her a lot of pain. In the short program, she place eleventh with 34.66 points after falling on her triple flip. She remained in eleventh, and last, place after the long program. A week later, Taylor finished last in the field of 12 at Skate Canada. Taylor believed that her poor results on the Grand Prix series were the result of training, equipment, and personal problems.

After the Grand Prix series, Taylor changed her short program from "Happy Feet" to "Legends of the Fall" so that she would be more comfortable on the ice and more able to tell a story. In December she performed her new short program at the 2006 Marshalls U.S. Figure Skating Challenge in Boston, Massachusetts, an American Idol-style competition in which fans voted for their favorite skating performance. After falling on her triple flip, Taylor did not make it to the final round of the competition.

Taylor's next competition was the 2007 U.S. Figure Skating Championships in Spokane, Washington. Before the competition began, she said that she had resolved the personal and boot problems that had bothered her during the Grand Prix events.

2007–2008 season
Taylor did not compete in the 2007–2008 season, citing an injury, and has not returned to competition since.

Competitive highlights
GP: Grand Prix; JGP: Junior Grand Prix

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Katy Taylor


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Computer-aided production engineering

Computer-aided production engineering (CAPE) is a relatively new and significant branch of engineering. Global manufacturing has changed the environment in which goods are produced. Meanwhile, the rapid development of electronics and communication technologies has required design and manufacturing to keep pace.

Description of CAPE
CAPE is seen as a new    type of computer-aided engineering environment which will improve the productivity of manufacturing/industrial engineers. This environment would be used by engineers to design and implement future manufacturing systems and subsystems. Work is currently underway at the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) on CAPE systems. The NIST project is aimed at advancing the development of software environments and tools for the design and engineering of manufacturing systems.

CAPE and the Future of Manufacturing
The future of manufacturing will be determined by the efficiency with which it can incorporate new technologies. The current process in engineering manufacturing systems is often ad hoc, with computerized tools being used on a limited basis. Given the costs and resources involved in the construction and operation of manufacturing systems, the engineering process must be made more efficient. New computing environments for engineering manufacturing systems could help achieve that objective.

Why is CAPE important? In much the same way that product designers need computer-aided design systems, manufacturing and industrial engineers need sophisticated computing capabilities to solve complex problems and manage the vast data associated with the design of a manufacturing system.

In order to solve these complex problems and manage design data, computerized tools must be used in the application of scientific and engineering methods to the problem of the design and implementation of manufacturing systems. Engineers must address the entire factory as a system and the interactions of that system with its surrounding environment. Components of a factory system include:
 * the physical plant housing the manufacturing facility;
 * the production facilities which perform the manufacturing operations;
 * the technologies used in the production facility;
 * the work centers/stations, machinery, equipment, tools, and materials which comprise or are used by the production facilities;
 * the various support facilities;
 * the relationship between the factory and its environment.

CAPE must not only be concerned with the initial design and engineering of the factory, it must also address enhancements over time. CAPE should support standard engineering methods and problem-solving techniques, automate mundane tasks, and provide reference data to support the decision-making process.

The environment should be designed to help engineers become more productive and effective in their work. This would be implemented on personal computers or engineering workstations which have been configured with appropriate peripheral devices. Engineering tool developers will have to integrate the functions and data used by a number of different disciplines, for example:
 * manufacturing, industrial and plant engineering;
 * materials processing and quality engineering;
 * environmental engineering,
 * mathematical modeling/simulation, statistical process control and computer science,
 * economic and cost analysis and management science,

Many of the methods, formulas, and data associated with these technical areas currently exist only in engineering handbooks. Although some computerized tools are available, they are often very specialized, difficult to use, and do not share information or work together. Engineering tools built by different vendors must be made compatible through open systems architectures and interface standards.

What CAPE will look like
CAPE will be based on computer systems that provide an integrated set of design and engineering tools. These software tools will be used by a company's manufacturing engineers to continuously improve its production systems. They will maintain information about manufacturing resources, enhance production capabilities, and develop new facilities and systems. Engineers working on different workstations will share information through a common database.

Using CAPE, an engineering team will prepare detailed plans and working models for an entire factory in a matter of days. Alternative solutions to production problems could be quickly developed and evaluated. This would be a significant improvement over current manual methods which may require weeks or months of intensive activity.

To achieve this goal, a new set of engineering tools are needed. Examples of functions which should be supported include:
 * identification of product specifications and production requirements;
 * producibility analysis for products and modification of product designs to address manufacturability issues and management, scheduling and tracking of projects;
 * modeling and specification of manufacturing processes and plant layout and facilities planning;
 * consideration of various economic/cost tradeoffs of different manufacturing processes, systems, tools, and materials;
 * analysis supporting selection of systems/vendors and procurement of manufacturing equipment and support systems;
 * task and work place design;
 * compliance with various regulations, specifications, and standards, and control of hazardous materials.

The tools implementing these functions must be highly automated and integrated; and will need to provide quick access to a wide range of data. This data must be maintained in a format that is accessible and usable by the engineering tools. Some examples of the information that might be contained in these electronic libraries include:
 * production process models and data and generic manufacturing systems configurations;
 * machinery and equipment specifications, and vendor catalogs;
 * recommended methods, practices, algorithms, etc., and benchmarking data;
 * typical plant/system layouts,
 * cost estimation models, labor rates, other cost data and budget templates,
 * time standards, industrial standards, project plans, and laws/government regulations.

These on-line libraries would allow engineers to quickly develop solutions based upon the work of others.

Another critical aspect of this engineering environment is affordability, which can best be achieved by designing an environment that can be constructed from low cost "off-the-shelf" commercial products, rather than custombuilt computer hardware and software. The basic engineering environment must be affordable. For both cost and technical reasons, it must be designed to be able to support incremental upgrades. Incremental upgrades would allow companies to add capabilities as they are needed. Commercial software products must be easy to install and integrate with other software already in use. These capabilities exist to a limited extent in some general purpose commercial software today, e.g., word processors, databases, spreadsheets.

Technical Concerns
Many technical issues must be considered in the design and development of new engineering tools for CAPE. These issues include:
 * required functionality of the tools themselves;
 * formalization and refinement of engineering methods;
 * development of on-line technical reference libraries, and user engineering and graphics visualization;
 * user engineering and graphics visualization techniques;
 * system connectivity and information sharing, and integration standards for the computing environment;
 * incorporation of intelligent behavior in the tools.

There are three critical elements to be addressed: creating a common manufacturing systems information model; using an engineering life cycle approach; and developing a software tool integration framework.

Resolution of these elements will help ensure that independently developed systems will be able to work together. The common information model should identify the elements of the manufacturing system and their relationships to each other; the functions or processes performed by each element; the tools, materials, and information required to perform those functions; and measures of effectiveness for the model and its component elements.

There have been many efforts over the years to develop information models for different aspects of manufacturing, but no known existing model fully meets the needs of a CAPE ernviroment. Therefore, a life cycle approach is needed to identify the different processes that a CAPE environment must support, and must define all phases of a manufacturing system or subsystem's existence. Some of the major phases which may be included in a system life cycle approach are, requirements identification; system design specification; vendor selection; system development and upgrades; installation, testing, training; and benchmarking of production operations.

Management, coordination, and administration functions need to be performed during each phase of the life cycle. Phases may be repeated over time as a system is upgraded or re-engineered to meet changing needs or incorporate new technologies.

A software tool integration framework should specify how the tools could be independently designed and developed. The framework would define how CAPE tools would deal with common services, interact with each other and coordinate problem solving activities. Although some existing software products and standards currently address the common services issue, the problem of tool interaction remains largely unsolved. The problem of tool interaction is not limited to the domain of computer-aided manufacturing systems engineering—it is pervasive across the software industry.

CAPE's current state
An initial CAPE environment has been established from commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) software packages. This new environment is being used to demonstrate commercially available tools to perform CAPE functions, to develop a better understanding and define functional requirements for individual engineering tools and the overall environment, and to identify the integration issues which must be addressed to implement compatible environments in the future.

Several engineering demonstrations using COTS tools are under development. These demonstrations are designed to illustrate the various types of functions that must be performed in engineering a manufacturing system.

Functions supported by the current COTS environment include: system specification/diagramming, process flowcharting, information modeling, computer-aided design of products, plant layout, material flow analysis, ergonomic workplace design, mathematical modeling, statistical analysis, line balancing, manufacturing simulation, investment analysis, project management, knowledge-based system development, spreadsheets, document preparation, user interface development, document illustration, forms and database management.

title: Computer-aided production engineering


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Chunky Monkey

Chunky Monkey can

 * A flavor of Ben and Jerry's ice cream consisting of banana ice cream with fudge chunks & walnuts
 * In American slang, an overweight person.

title: Chunky Monkey


text:
Wikipedia talk:Articles for deletion/WJOWSA

the history of this saying was a typo that became a semi popular word


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KOCE-TV

KOCE-TV (channel 50) is a PBS member television station licensed to Huntington Beach, California, United States, serving the Los Angeles area. It is owned by the Public Media Group of Southern California alongside the market's secondary PBS member, KCET (channel 28). The two stations share studios at The Pointe (on West Alameda Avenue and Bob Hope Drive, between The Burbank Studios and Walt Disney Studios complexes) in Burbank; KOCE-TV maintains a secondary studio at the South Coast Corporate Center (in the South Coast Metro area) in Costa Mesa and transmitter facilities atop Mount Harvard (adjacent to Mount Wilson). Since 2011, the station has been branded as PBS SoCal.

KOCE-TV and KCET are two of four PBS member stations serving Greater Los Angeles (the others being San Bernardino–based KVCR-DT [channel 24], which mainly serves the Inland Empire, and the Los Angeles Unified School District–run KLCS [channel 58]).

History
The station first signed on the air on November 20, 1972, as the first television station licensed to Orange County, initially airing four hours of programming per day. It broadcast its first telecourse in 1973. It was originally owned by the Coast Community College District. The station was originally based from studios at Golden West College in Huntington Beach. For most of its history, KOCE-TV was a "beta" or secondary PBS station, airing only 25 percent of the national PBS schedule.

KOCE-TV Foundation vs. Daystar
In 2002, the Coast Community College District offered KOCE for sale to raise revenue for other programs. A bidding war ensued between the religious broadcaster Daystar Television Network and members of the community who wanted to continue membership with PBS. In 2004, the station was sold to the KOCE-TV Foundation, an organization made up of civic and business leaders who wanted to keep KOCE-TV as an educational station, for $25.5 million, reduced from an initial bid of $32 million (with $8 million paid up front and the rest paid in 25 equal installments without interest beginning in 2009). The foundation outbid Daystar by $500,000; the religious broadcaster placed a bid of $25 million, which it intended to compensate in an all-cash payment.

Daystar sued in state court, stating that under the terms of the auction, its all-cash bid should have been accepted. A lower court ruled in favor of the college district and the foundation; but on June 23, 2005, the California Court of Appeals ruled that the sale of KOCE-TV was illegal, since the offer was modified after the end of bidding and because the value of the bid was not expressed in net present value terms. Both sides appealed this decision. On November 22, 2005, a state appeals panel reheard arguments in the case following a petition from KOCE, the KOCE Foundation, the Coast Community College District, and Daystar. On May 25, 2006, the appeals court reaffirmed its decision, again ruling the sale illegal.

At the same time, Daystar also filed a federal lawsuit, alleging religious discrimination, civil rights violations, and racketeering. On May 1, 2006, the District Court dismissed the racketeering claim, but not the civil rights portion of the lawsuit.

In June 2006, a state assembly bill that had previously been approved was changed to allow the Coast Community College District to sell KOCE below fair market value to keep it a PBS station. The new bill was passed by the assembly, but Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger vetoed it, citing concerns about serving the public interest in the sale of public property and the unresolved legal challenges to the type of sale that the bill would have authorized.

In June 2007, an agreement was reached in which the KOCE-TV Foundation would keep the station, provided that Daystar would be allowed to broadcast over one of KOCE's digital subchannels. As a result, KOCE-DT3 is reserved to broadcast Daystar's national schedule without any local deviation.

OC Channel
In 2007, KOCE and Chapman University launched OC Channel, an Orange County-focused news channel.

Becoming Los Angeles' primary PBS station
KOCE became the Los Angeles market's primary PBS station on January 1, 2011, when the area's longtime original primary member station of the network, KCET (channel 28), ended its association with PBS after 40 years due to an increase in costs to carry PBS programming—leading to its switch to an independent public television station.

After KCET left PBS, KOCE entered into a broadcast agreement with KLCS and KVCR to form "PBS SoCal" effective January 1, 2011. The PBS programming originally carried on KCET is now shared between the three stations. As a consequence, on December 31, 2010, KOCE expanded its cable coverage into Santa Barbara, and later expanded to Palm Springs. Both San Luis Obispo and Santa Maria (who were previously served by KCET), however, were not included in the cable coverage, as those communities are now served by San Francisco PBS member KQED via cable (Palm Springs is also served by KVCR-DT, while Bakersfield, which was also served by KCET, is now served via cable and over-the-air through Fresno PBS member KVPT).

In the spring of 2011, KOCE moved its administrative offices to a modern facility in Costa Mesa.

KOCE was available in the Palm Springs area and the Coachella Valley on cable and over the air since the late 1990s, formerly on K55FI and later K35LA, now a KCET translator since 2011, when KOCE became the major PBS station for Southern California.

Public Media Group of Southern California
On April 25, 2018, KCETLink Media Group and the KOCE-TV Foundation announced that they would merge, effective by the end of the first half of 2018. KOCE remains Los Angeles' primary PBS station but relocated its operations to KCET's facility in Burbank (maintaining its Costa Mesa location as a secondary facility). The two stations continue to carry their existing programming, but KCET returned to PBS. The merger was completed on October 1, 2018, with the combined company branded as Public Media Group of Southern California.

In January 2024, PBS SoCal announced plans to rebrand KCET as PBS SoCal Plus starting on February 6.

Programming
In addition to PBS programs, KOCE features programming focused on the communities of Orange County. It also broadcasts several college telecourses by the Coast Community College District, which was the station's original owner. Programming produced by KOCE includes Variety Studio: Actors on Actors.

News operation
KOCE produced and broadcast the only Orange County-focused nightly newscast in the Los Angeles market, Real Orange, with a concentration on human interest and public service stories. The program was co-anchored by former longtime KTLA (channel 5) news/sports anchor Ed Arnold, and Ann Pulice. KOCE partnered with the Orange County Register for newsgathering resources for the station's newscasts, the newspaper also served as a sponsor for the program. The program aired five nights a week until 2009, when only two episodes a week were produced (with rebroadcasts the other three weeknights). The program ended in 2013 due to funding constraints.

KOCE also operated a Weather Center stationed in La Habra Heights, located about 20 mi north of the Huntington Beach studios. This weather station, which only consists of a weather camera, was shown live during the weather segments of Real Orange on Monday, Wednesday and Friday evenings. Weather radar imagery and other forecast data were gathered from other weather sources (such as the National Weather Service), as KOCE did not employ its own weather radar.

Technical information
On January 1, 2011, World Channel moved from KCET-DT4 to KOCE-DT4.

Analog-to-digital conversion
KOCE-TV shut down its analog signal, over UHF channel 50, at 11:30 p.m. on June 12, 2009, as part of the federally mandated transition from analog to digital television. The station's digital signal remained on its pre-transition UHF channel 48, using virtual channel 50.

Spectrum reallocation
On April 13, 2017, KOCE-TV announced it had sold its over-the-air spectrum in the FCC's spectrum reallocation auction, reaping $49 million, which the station said it would use to invest in programming and other services. As a result of its spectrum sale, KOCE-TV entered into a channel sharing arrangement with multicultural independent station KSCI (channel 18). KOCE completed the move to UHF 18 on the morning of June 19, 2018, with all five programming streams appearing in the virtual channel table with the same numbering.

Translators

 * KODG-LD 17 Palm Springs
 * KBAB-LD 50 Santa Barbara

title: KOCE-TV


text:
Talk:Insomnia

Wikipedia Ambassador Program assignment
This article was the subject of an educational assignment at Roosevelt University supported by the Wikipedia Ambassador Program during the 2012 Q3 term. Further details are available on the course page.

Above message substituted from on 14:44, 7 January 2023 (UTC)

Edit to Medication Treatment
While this wiki page says that the use of nonbenzodiazepines, such as zolpidem, have not shown to be that effective, there has been past meta-analysis of 22 studies that show that Benzodiazepines and zolpidem significantly improve chronic insomnia (Benzodiazepines and Zolpidem Treatment for Chronic Insomnia. "Past meta-analysis has shown that both Benzodiazepines and nonbenzoidazepines, specifically Zolpidem, produce significant improvements to sleep in patients with chronic insomnia." Mktayloe (talk) 03:49, 29 November 2015

What about the effects and consequences of insomnia?
There is a huge section about the effects and consequences in the article about sleep deprivation but there is no such section and also not nearly as much information in the insomnia article. While insomnia and sleep deprivation are not the same, they do share many of the consequences on the body and cognitive functioning. Would it make sense to add a section about the effects and consequences of insomnia? RichardOwens67 (talk) 09:17, 1 August 2022 (UTC)

 * I think it would. CallMeBirb (talk) 12:20, 1 April 2024 (UTC)

"Hyposomnia" listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has identified a potential problem with the redirect Hyposomnia and has thus listed it for discussion. This discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2022 August 24 until a consensus is reached, and readers of this page are welcome to contribute to the discussion. CycloneYoris talk! 09:54, 24 August 2022 (UTC)

Difference between chronological age and sleep age
This research, commented here, had been conducted on around 42,000 people. Although they aren't millions yet, it doesn't seem to be a mete "Lab research", as it is said in the reversion edit. 151.57.150.216 (talk) 21:54, 9 September 2022 (UTC)

Wiki Education assignment: SSC199 TY2
— Assignment last updated by Mimitee123 (talk) 22:20, 9 December 2022 (UTC)

title: Talk:Insomnia


text: File:Skyclad Outrageous.jpg

title: File:Skyclad Outrageous.jpg


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Talk:Battle of Boroughbridge

Revert
Someone changed this to the battle of Crecy. I've no idea why. I reverted. Rich Farmbrough 18:37, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Spears and bridges
Has anyone else noticed the similarity between the Battle of Boroughbridge: "was killed as he crossed the bridge by a pikeman hiding underneath, who thrust his spear up through the Earl's anus" and the Battle of Stamford Bridge: "when an English soldier floated under the bridge in a half-barrel and thrust his spear through the planks in the bridge, mortally wounding the axeman". The incidents may be 250 years apart, but only 30 miles distance. Is there a chance that a good story was being reused? Maybe just idle speculation - anyone else go any thoughts? (This question is duplicated at the other talk page) Martin of Sheffield (talk) 09:45, 16 March 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:Battle of Boroughbridge


text:
Talk:Softwin

Untitled
Removed from article:

General data:

 * 25% annual growth since 1997
 * 3000 projects developed for EU and USA clients
 * Export oriented (93% of revenues in 2000)

News reports
There are quite few news reports in connection with this company. I'll see if I can find some that profile the company. VG ☎ 21:54, 2 November 2008 (UTC)

Office locations
Article states: "offices in Tettnang (Germany), Barcelona (Spain), Fort Lauderdale (USA), London (Great Britain) and Copenhagen (Denmark)" but the homepage of SOFTWIN GROUP states: "HQ in Bucharest, offices in Germany, Great Britain, Spain and the USA". http://www.softwin.ro/?pagina=despre

I am not able to find the company in Danish address books. Can anyone confirm a Danish office for Softwin? Supermagle (talk) 08:42, 9 December 2010 (UTC)

title: Talk:Softwin


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/South Park sex positions

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was Delete EXCEPT for Hot Karl, which has its own VfD and will be redirected. Golbez 08:32, Jun 19, 2005 (UTC)

South Park sex positions
Various sex positions, that have been featured on South Park and seem to semi-fictional and atleast don't seem notable. Dunc|☺ 18:39, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Hot Karl
 * Hot Lunch
 * Glass bottom boat (sex)
 * The Chili Dog
 * The Fish Eye
 * Pile Driver
 * Wrap around butt grab

(and possibly more from category:sex positions)

 * Excluding any terms which can be verified as being in wide use outside South Park, I suggest merging them into a List of South Park sex positions. Mgm|(talk) 19:40, Jun 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * Instead of creating a stand-alone list I merged all of the content into the SP episode summary from which they came.Tobycat 05:56, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete — beneath trivial. — RJH 20:39, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. NeoJustin 21:37, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge per Mgm or wherever Kappa 22:03, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, sub-trivial. --Carnildo 23:27, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, since many of these positions (regrettably) already seem to have their own articles. Denni ☯ 03:30, 2005 Jun 7 (UTC)
 * Delete all that are only mentioned in South Park. It was a throwaway gag at the very end of a single episode. Utterly nonnotable. --Angr/undefined 05:52, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete All of this content came from the same episode of South Park (Proper Condom Use). As a result, I have merged all of it into that particular plot summary article.  Tobycat 05:56, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Just because something does not interest you personally does not mean you should keep everyone who watched that episode in the dark about what it means of what was mentioned.  There's two more articles (dirty sanchez and donkey punch) where the persons have had to make the articles over two pages long to avoid whiners from going around deleting them (and for another reason, one of the people who voted delete these articles is going to sneak by and delete them from the south park page in the next couple months).  It's like trying to delete the movie Titanic because you thought it was stupid or a chick flick.  Thodin 18:56, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment I voted delete, but for information organization reasons, not to "keep people in the dark". The information is trivia within a narrow topic area (South Park).  The content in the articles is not central to the show's storylines and shows up only briefly in the dialog.  As a result, it is better presented in context rather than in stand-alone articles for each one.  For people wanting to learn about South Park these bits of trivia may be useful.  The best way for them to find them is within the South Park episode guides in which the contextual content is also discussed.  I have already migrated the content of the above articles into the episode guide...so the information will not be lost if we delete the articles above.Tobycat 05:47, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: Tobycat has merged into episode guide.  Wikibofh 14:36, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Merge: I'd rather these be kept, but merged into one page. Plus, significant articles that only mention South Park should be linked to the merged page. Mathprog777 08:54, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I noticed someone merged them, but they got deleted the next day. Thodin 15:31, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Keep more can be added to the article. --TheAznSensation 06:20, 18 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
EnBW

EnBW Energie Baden-Württemberg AG, or simply EnBW, is a publicly-traded energy company headquartered in Karlsruhe, Germany.

Foundation and development
EnBW came into existence on 1 January 1997 as a result of the merger between two energy companies from Baden-Württemberg, Badenwerk AG and Energie-Versorgung Schwaben AG (EVS). Subsequently, on 1 October 2003, EnBW further merged with Neckarwerke Stuttgart AG.

Strategic reorientation and expansion of renewable energy activities
In March 2012, Frank Mastiaux was appointed as the new CEO of EnBW. At the end of 2012, in response to the nuclear power phase-out and the energy transition, Mastiaux announced a strategic reorientation. The proportion of renewable energy sources in EnBW's energy mix was to increase from 12% to 40% by 2020. The figure of 40.1% was reached in 2021. Much of this was to be achieved by expanding wind power: with 1,016 MW onshore and 975 MW offshore, EnBW is now one of the leading wind farm developers and operators in Germany.

Between 2020 and 2025, the company plans to invest over €5 billion in the further expansion of renewable energy generation and aims to operate onshore and offshore wind farms with a total capacity of at least 4,000 MW. EnBW's first offshore wind farm – EnBW Baltic 1, comprising 21 wind turbines in the Baltic Sea – went into operation in 2011. This was followed in early summer 2015 by the 80-turbine EnBW Baltic 2 offshore wind farm, a stake in which had already been sold to Australian investment group Macquarie for €720 million in January 2015. In early 2020, the EnBW Hohe See and Albatros wind farms with a total of 87 turbines and 609 MW capacity went into operation in the North Sea. In 2017, EnBW won bidding for the right to construct its third North Sea wind farm, the 900 MW EnBW He Dreiht, which is unsubsidised and is scheduled for completion in 2025. In January 2019, EnBW acquired seven wind farms in Sweden with a total of 51 turbines and an installed capacity of 105 MW.

EnBW also plans to expand its grids business and make various divestments. An important growth market is Turkey, where EnBW's focus is on hydroelectric power stations and wind farms.

In 2017, EnBW began expanding its electric mobility, photovoltaics and distributed energy generation activities:

In electric mobility, EnBW has collaborated since March 2017 with Tank & Rast, an operator of service areas along the German autobahn network, to expand the provision of charging points for electric vehicles. EnBW provides the EnBW mobility+ app, which combines a charging point locator with payment options and covers Germany, Austria, Switzerland, France, Italy and the Netherlands. According to an independent study by P3, Cirrantic and Theon Data, EnBW has the largest charging network spanning Germany, Austria and Switzerland. In 2020, the company extended its market leadership in fast charging to Austria by entering into a joint venture with SMATRICS called SMATRICS EnBW. In April 2021, EnBW announced plans to open Europe's biggest public fast charging park for electric vehicles by the end of the year.

In photovoltaics and distributed energy generation, EnBW aims to expand photovoltaic generating capacity to 1,200 MWp by 2025, mainly in Germany but also in selected markets elsewhere. In this connection, EnBW is building Germany's largest unsubsidised solar farm with an area of 164 hectares in Brandenburg and in March 2018 acquired Senec, a Leipzig-based manufacturer of home solar battery storage systems.

In March 2023, EnBW announced that it intends to end coal usage by 2028.

In August 2023, it was announced EnBW had acquired a 10% equity stake in a renewable ammonia production plant developed by Norwegian company Skipavika Green Ammonia (SkiGA).

Internationalisation of renewable energy activities
The EnBW 2025 Strategy includes selective internationalisation of the company's renewable energy activities. EnBW has a presence in Denmark through its subsidiary Connected Wind Services and in Sweden in the form of EnBW Sverige. In June 2019, EnBW completed the acquisition of Valeco, France. The company has a renewable energy joint venture in Turkey in partnership with Borusan. EnBW has also opened offices of its own in Taiwan and the United States in order to bid in offshore wind auctions. Early in 2021, EnBW and BP jointly won an auction for rights to develop offshore wind farms in two adjacent areas of the Irish Sea.

Transmission grid
In 2023, EnBW sold around a quarter of its high-voltage transmission grid TransnetBW to a savings banks-led consortium for around 1 billion euros ($1.1 billion). Also in 2023, state-owned KfW acquired a 24.95% minority stake in TransnetBW, firming up its grip on critical energy infrastructure in a bid to speed up the country's energy transition.

Sports sponsorship
EnBW was the main sponsor of football clubs VfB Stuttgart and Karlsruher SC for several years until 2010 and continues to sponsor both clubs at a lesser level.

Shareholders
The two principal shareholders of EnBW are NECKARPRI-Beteiligungsgesellschaft mbH (itself fully owned by the state of Baden-Württemberg) and Oberschwäbische Elektrizitätswerke (OEW, owned by local municipalities), each of which hold a 46.75% ownership interest.

Board of Management
The Board of Management (Vorstand) of the EnBW holding company consists of Andreas Schell (Chief Executive Officer since 15 November 2022), Colette Rückert-Hennen (Chief Human Resources Officer), Thomas Kusterer (Chief Financial Officer), Dirk Gusewill (Chief Operating Officer Critical Infrastructure) and Georg Stamatelopoulos (Chief Operating Officer Generation).

Figures
EnBW has around 5.5 million customers and is the third-largest energy company in Germany. With a workforce of 26,980, EnBW generated revenue of €56,0 billion in 2022.

Nuclear power plants

 * Neckarwestheim Nuclear Power Plant (decommissioned)
 * Obrigheim Nuclear Power Plant (decommissioned)
 * Philippsburg Nuclear Power Plant (decommissioned)

Conventional power plants
Source:
 * Altbach coal power plant
 * Heilbronn coal power plant
 * Marbach am Neckar oil power plant
 * Walheim coal power plant
 * Stuttgart-Gaisburg gas power plant
 * Stuttgart-Münster steam power plant (biofuels and coal)
 * Rheinhafen-Dampfkraftwerk Karlsruhe coal and gas turbine plant

Renewable energy sources: hydropower
Source:
 * Glems (Metzingen) pumped storage plant
 * Schluchsee pumped storage plant
 * Rheinfelden (Baden) hydroelectric power plant

Renewable energy sources: offshore wind farms
Source:
 * EnBW Baltic 1 Offshore Wind Farm (Baltic Sea, 16 kilometres north of the Darss-Zingst peninsula)
 * EnBW Baltic 2 (Baltic Sea, 32 kilometres north of the island of Rügen)
 * EnBW Hohe See and Albatros (North Sea; Hohe See approximately 95 kilometres north of the island of Borkum and 100 kilometres northwest of Heligoland; Albatros 105 kilometres from each coast)

Renewable energy sources: onshore wind farms
Source:

Wind farms and wind power projects in Baden-Württemberg:

 * Aalen-Waldhausen
 * Ahaberg
 * Bad Wildbad
 * Burgholz
 * Bühlertann
 * Dünsbach
 * Fichtenau
 * Goldboden-Winterbach
 * Grömbach
 * Hasel
 * Häusern
 * Königsbronn
 * Kupferzell-Goggenbach
 * Langenburg
 * Oppenau/Lautenbach
 * Rosenberg Süd
 * Rot am See-Hausen am Bach
 * Tautschbuch
 * Veringenstadt

Wind farms in other German states:
 * Auf der weißen Trisch (Saarland)
 * Bad Nauheim (Hesse)
 * Buchholz III (Lower Saxony)
 * Derental (Lower Saxony)
 * Eisenbachhöhen (Rhineland-Palatinate)
 * Eppenrod (Rhineland-Palatinate)
 * Freckenfeld (Rhineland-Palatinate)
 * Hüttersdorf (Saarland)
 * Kahlberg (Hesse)
 * Kannawurf (Thuringia)
 * Lauenförde (Lower Saxony)
 * Primsbogen (Saarland)
 * Reinstädt (Thuringia)
 * Schalksmühle (North Rhine-Westphalia)
 * Schulenburg III (Lower Saxony)
 * Schwienau III (Lower Saxony)
 * Silberberg (Hesse)
 * Steinheim (North Rhine-Westphalia)
 * Webenheim (Saarland)
 * Vierherrenwald (Rhineland-Palatinate)

Wind farms in other countries:
 * Råmmarehemmet (Sweden)
 * EnBW also has stakes in onshore wind farms in France through its subsidiary Valeco

Renewable energy sources: solar power
Source:

Solar farms in operation:
 * Aitrach (1.5 MW)
 * Berghülen (2.7 MW)
 * Birkenfeld (5.8 MW)
 * Eggesin (10 MW)
 * Ingoldingen (4.3 MW)
 * Inzigkofen (7.5 MW)
 * Kenzingen (2.6 MW)
 * Krautheim (0.5 MW)
 * Leibertingen (2.1 MW)
 * Leibertingen II (5 MW)
 * Leutkirch (5 MW)
 * Leutkirch II (2.9 MW)
 * Leutkirch III (0.75 MW)
 * Lindendorf (6.9 MW)
 * Löffingen (2.7 MW)
 * March-Neuershausen (0.9 MW)
 * Müssentin (9.3 MW)
 * Ochsenberg/Königsbronn (10 MW)
 * Torgau (4.9 MW)
 * Tuningen (4.5 MW)
 * Ulm-Eggingen (6.5 MW)
 * Zwiefaltendorf (5.2 MW)

Solar farms in development:
 * Langenenslingen-Wilflingen
 * Maßbach
 * Sophienhof
 * Ulrichshof
 * Weesow-Willmersdorf
 * Welgesheim

title: EnBW


text:
Roosevelt family

The Roosevelt family is an American political family from New York whose members have included two United States presidents, a First Lady, and various merchants, bankers, politicians, inventors, clergymen, artists, and socialites. The progeny of a mid-17th century Dutch immigrant to New Amsterdam, many members of the family became nationally prominent in New York State and City politics and business and intermarried with prominent colonial families. Two distantly related branches of the family from Oyster Bay and Hyde Park, New York, rose to global political prominence with the presidencies of Theodore Roosevelt (1901–1909) and his fifth cousin Franklin D. Roosevelt (1933–1945), whose wife, First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt, was Theodore's niece. The Roosevelt family is one of four families to have produced two presidents of the United States by the same surname; the others were the Adams, Bush, and Harrison families.

History
Claes Maartenszen van Rosenvelt (c. 1626–1659), the immigrant ancestor of the Roosevelt family, arrived in New Amsterdam (present-day New York City) sometime between 1638 and 1649. About the year 1652, he bought a farm from Lambert van Valckenburgh, comprising 24 morgens (i.e., 20.44 ha or 50.51 acres) in what is now Midtown Manhattan, including the present site of the Empire State Building. The property included approximately what is now the area between Lexington Avenue and Fifth Avenue bounded by 29th St. and 35th St.

Claes van Rosenvelt's son Nicholas was the first to use the spelling Roosevelt and the first to hold political office, as an alderman. His sons Johannes and Jacobus were, respectively, the progenitors of the Oyster Bay and Hyde Park branches of the family. By the late 19th century, the Hyde Park Roosevelts were generally associated with the Democratic Party and the Oyster Bay Roosevelts with the Republicans. President Theodore Roosevelt, an Oyster Bay Roosevelt, was the uncle of Eleanor Roosevelt, later wife of Franklin Roosevelt. Despite political differences that caused family members to actively campaign against each other, the two branches generally remained friendly.

Coats of arms
In heraldry, canting arms are a visual or pictorial depiction of a surname, and were and still are a popular practice. It would be common to find roses, then, in the arms of many Roosevelt families, even unrelated ones; the name Rosenvelt means "rose field". Also, grassy mounds or fields of green would be a familiar attribute.

The Van Roosevelts of Oud-Vossemeer in Zeeland have a coat of arms that is divided horizontally, the top portion with a white chevron between three white roses, while the bottom half is gold with a red lion rampant. A traditional blazon suggested would be, Per fess vert a chevron between three roses argent and Or a lion rampant gules.

The coat of arms of the namesakes of the Dutch immigrant Claes van Rosenvelt, ancestor of the American political family that included Theodore and Franklin D. Roosevelt, were white with a rosebush with three rose flowers growing upon a grassy mound, and whose crest was of three ostrich feathers divided into red and white halves each. In heraldic terms this would be described as, Argent upon a grassy mound a rose bush proper bearing three roses gules barbed and seeded all proper, with a crest upon a torse argent and gules of Three ostrich plumes each per pale gules and argent. Franklin Roosevelt altered his arms to omit the rosebush and use in its place three crossed roses on their stems, changing the blazon of his shield to Three roses one in pale and two in saltire gules barbed seeded slipped and left proper.

Members

 * Claes Martenszen van Rosenvelt (1623–1660), m. Jannetje Samuels Thomas (1625–1660)
 * Elsie Roosevelt (bap. 1652–1703), m. Hendrick Meyer, New York City assistant alderman
 * Catharina Meyer, m. Harmanus Rutgers
 * Hendrick Rutgers (1712–1779), m. Catharina De Peyster, daughter of Mayor of New York City Johannes de Peyster
 * Henry Rutgers (1745–1830), Revolutionary War hero, philanthropist, namesake of Rutgers University
 * Eva Rutgers, m. John Provoost
 * Samuel Provoost (1742–1815), Bishop of the Episcopal Church
 * Maria Provoost, m. Cadwallader D. Colden, Mayor of New York City
 * Anna Margaret Roosevelt (1654–1706), m. Heyman A. Roosa (1643–1708)
 * Nicholas Roosevelt (1658–1742), m. Heyltje Jans Kunst (1664–1730)
 * Nicholas Roosevelt (b. 1687), goldsmith
 * Nicholas Roosevelt (b. 1715), first lieutenant of the Hearts of Oak militia in the American Revolutionary War
 * Nicholas Roosevelt (1758–1838), member of the New York Assembly from Warren County
 * Solomon Roosevelt (1778–1832)
 * Solomon Roosevelt (1807–1900), shipbuilder, built many steamships under the firm Roosevelt & Joyce, including the USS Morse. See Allaire Iron Works.
 * George Washington Roosevelt (1844–1907), Medal of Honor recipient for action at Bull Run, diplomat
 * Johannes Roosevelt (1689–1750)
 * Margreta Roosevelt (bap. 1709), m. William de Peyster, son of Mayor of New York City Johannes de Peyster
 * Nicholas Roosevelt (b. 1717), merchant
 * Nicholas Roosevelt (bap. 1740), New York City alderman
 * Cornelius Roosevelt (b. 1731), chocolate maker, New York City alderman
 * Cornelius C. Roosevelt (bap. 1755), merchant, New York City alderman, member of the New York State Assembly, m. Alida Fargie, granddaughter of Albany and New York City mayor Edward Holland
 * Maria Roosevelt (1760–1821), m. John Duffie
 * Matilda Duffie, m. Gerard De Peyster, New York City alderman
 * Margaret De Peyster, m. Philip Milledoler Brett, President of Rutgers University
 * Cornelius Roosevelt Duffie (1789–1827), Episcopal priest, founder and rector of Saint Thomas Church, m. Helena Bleecker, granddaughter of Anthony Lispenard Bleecker
 * Cornelius Roosevelt Duffie (1821–1900), first chaplain of Columbia College, founder and first rector of the Church of St. John the Baptist
 * Elbert Roosevelt (1767–1857), New York City merchant, early settler of Pelham Manor, New York, m. Jane Curtenius, daughter of merchant and politician Peter T. Curtenius
 * Clinton Roosevelt (1804–1898), politician and inventor
 * Jacobus Roosevelt (1724–1777)
 * Johannes Roosevelt (bap. 1751), m. Mary Schuyler of the Schuyler, Van Rensselaer, and Van Cortlandt families.
 * Mary Roosevelt (1789–1837), m. William Sheriff de Peyster, son of Pierre Guillaume de Peyster (himself a brother of Arent de Peyster)
 * Nicholas Roosevelt (1767–1854), inventor, m. Lydia Latrobe, daughter of architect Benjamin Henry Latrobe
 * Samuel Roosevelt (1813–1878)
 * Nicholas Latrobe Roosevelt (1847–1892)
 * Henry Latrobe Roosevelt (1879–1936), Assistant Secretary of the U.S. Navy, m. Eleanor Morrow, daughter of California judge and U.S. Representative William W. Morrow
 * Eleanor Katherine Roosevelt (1915–1995), m. Reverdy Wadsworth, son of U.S. Senator and Representative James W. Wadsworth Jr.
 * Samuel Montgomery Roosevelt (1858–1920), artist
 * James Jacobus Roosevelt (1759–1840), m. Maria Van Schaack (a descendant of the Schuyler family).
 * Cornelius Van Schaack Roosevelt Sr. (1794–1871), progenitor of the Oyster Bay Roosevelts (see below)
 * James John Roosevelt (1795–1875), politician, businessman and jurist, m. Cornelia Van Ness, daughter of Vermont politician Cornelius P. Van Ness
 * Marcia Ouseley Roosevelt (b. 1847), m. Edward Brooks Scovel, opera singer
 * Frederick Roosevelt Scovel, m. Vivien May Sartoris (1879–1933), daughter of Nellie Grant and granddaughter of President Ulysses S. Grant
 * Catherine Roosevelt (1803–1844), m. Michael Bourke
 * Margaret Jones Bourke, m. Thomas Edward Kenny, Canadian merchant, banker, and politician
 * William Henry Roosevelt (1806–1869), politician, land speculator (Illinois)
 * James Jacobus Roosevelt (1692–1776), m. Catharina Hardenbroek
 * Helena Roosevelt (1719–1772), m. Andrew Barclay, namesake of Barclay Street in Manhattan
 * Charlotte Amelia Barclay (1760–1778), m. Richard Bayley, first professor of anatomy at Columbia College
 * Guy Carlton Bayley, m. Grace Roosevelt (see below)
 * James Roosevelt Bayley (1814–1877), Bishop of Newark and Archbishop of Baltimore
 * Christopher Roosevelt (b. 1739)
 * James Christopher Roosevelt (1770)
 * James Henry Roosevelt (1800–1863), founder of the Roosevelt Hospital
 * Isaac Roosevelt (1726–1794), merchant, co-founder of the Bank of New York, Federalist politician, served in the New York State Assembly and the New York Constitutional Convention, m. Cornelia Hoffman
 * Jacobus Roosevelt (1760–1847), m. Maria Walton, a descendant of Wilhelmus Beekman
 * Grace Roosevelt, m. Guy Carlton Bayley (see above)
 * Isaac Daniel Roosevelt (1790–1863), progenitor of the Hyde Park Roosevelts, m. Mary Rebecca Aspinwall
 * Maria Roosevelt (b. 1763), m. Richard Varick, Mayor of New York City

Oyster Bay Roosevelts

 * Cornelius Van Schaack Roosevelt Sr. (1794–1871), co-founder of Chemical Bank
 * Silas Weir Roosevelt (1823–1870)
 * Cornelius Roosevelt (1847–1902), m. Anais Julia Carmencita Piorkque (1848–1941), m. Anastacia Anderpoll (1879–1962)
 * Andre Roosevelt (1879–1962), Olympic gold medalist and film director, m. Adelheid Lange (1879–1962), sculptor
 * Hilda Roosevelt (1881–1965), Parisian opera singer
 * Hilborne Roosevelt, (1849–1886), pioneering organ builder, m. Katherine Shippen
 * James West Roosevelt, (1858–1896), physician
 * Nicholas Roosevelt (1893–1982), American diplomat and journalist
 * James Alfred Roosevelt (1825–1898), banker
 * Alfred Roosevelt (1856–1891), banker, m. Katherine Lowell, daughter of Massachusetts businessman and industrialist Augustus Lowell
 * Elfrida Roosevelt, m. Sir Orme Bigland Clarke, 4th Baronet, military officer
 * Sir Humphrey Clarke, 5th Baronet (1906–1973)
 * Sir Toby Clarke, 6th Baronet (1939–2019), British businessman
 * Theodora Roosevelt Clarke (1985–), United Kingdom parliamentarian
 * Sir Lawrence Clarke, 7th Baronet (1990–), Olympic hurdler and investment banker
 * William Emlen Roosevelt (1857–1930), banker and telegraph executive
 * George Emlen Roosevelt (1887–1963), banker and philanthropist''
 * Julian Roosevelt (1924–1986), Olympic gold medalist and IOC member
 * Philip James Roosevelt Sr. (1892–1941), U.S. Army captain during World War I and banker, m. his second cousin Jean S. Roosevelt (see below)
 * Cornelius Van Schaack Roosevelt Jr.
 * Robert Barnwell Roosevelt (1829–1906), conservationist, m. 1st Elizabeth Ellis, m. 2nd Minnie O'Shea
 * John Ellis Roosevelt (1853–1939), m. Nannie Vance, daughter of New York City politician Samuel B. H. Vance
 * Jean Schermerhorn Roosevelt, m. her second cousin Philip James Roosevelt Sr. (see above)
 * Granville Roland Fortescue (1875–1952), soldier and war correspondent, m. Grace Hubbard Bell, niece of Alexander Graham Bell
 * Thalia Massie (1911–1963), whose rape was the subject of the 1932 Massie Trial
 * Helene Whitney (1914–1990) (born Kenyon Fortescue), 1930s and 1940s film actress, m. Julian Louis Reynolds, son of Richard S. Reynolds Sr. and heir to the Reynolds tobacco and aluminum fortunes
 * Theodore Roosevelt Sr. (1831–1878), m. Martha "Mittie" Bulloch
 * Anna "Bamie/Bye" Roosevelt (1855–1931), m. William Sheffield Cowles Sr.
 * William Sheffield Cowles Jr. (1898–1986), Connecticut State Representative, Mayor of Farmington, Connecticut
 * Theodore "T.R." Roosevelt Jr. (1858–1919), 1st m. Alice Hathaway Lee, 2nd m. Edith Kermit Carow, 5th Assistant Secretary of the Navy, 33rd Governor of New York, 25th Vice President of the United States, and 26th President of the United States
 * Alice Lee Roosevelt (1884–1980), m. Nicholas Longworth IV
 * Paulina Longworth (1925–1957) (daughter with William Edgar Borah), m. Alexander McCormick Sturm
 * Joanna Mercedes Alessandra Sturm (b. 1946)
 * Theodore "Ted" Roosevelt III (1887–1944), m. Eleanor Butler Alexander
 * Grace Green Roosevelt (1911–1994), m. William McMillan
 * Theodore Roosevelt IV (1914–2001), m. Anne Mason Babcock
 * Theodore Roosevelt V (b. 1942), m. Constance Lane Rogers
 * Theodore Roosevelt VI (b. 1976), m. Serena Clare Torrey
 * Cornelius Van Schaack Roosevelt III (1915–1991)
 * Quentin Roosevelt II (1919–1948), m. Frances Blanche Webb
 * Anna C. Roosevelt (b. 1946), archaeologist
 * Susan Roosevelt, m. William Weld
 * Alexandra Roosevelt
 * Kermit Roosevelt Sr. (1889–1943), m. Belle Wyatt Willard
 * Kermit Roosevelt Jr. (changed to Sr. on father's death) (1916–2000), m. Mary Lowe Gaddis
 * Kermit Roosevelt III (changed to Jr. on grandfather's death)
 * Kermit Roosevelt IV (b. 1971, changed to III on great-grandfather's death), law professor and writer
 * Mark Roosevelt (b. 1955), President of St. John's College
 * Joseph Willard Roosevelt (1918–2008), pianist and composer
 * Belle Wyatt "Clochette" Roosevelt (1920–1985), m. John Gorham Palfrey Jr., great-grandson of Massachusetts congressman John G. Palfrey
 * Sean Palfrey m. Judith Sullivan
 * John Palfrey (b. 1972), law professor and Head of School at Phillips Academy
 * Quentin Palfrey (b. 1974)
 * Katy Palfrey
 * Ethel Carow Roosevelt (1891–1977), m. Richard Derby
 * Edith Roosevelt Derby (1917–2008), historian and conservationist
 * Sarah Alden Derby (1920–1999), m. Vermont State Senator Robert T. Gannett
 * Archibald Bulloch "Archie" Roosevelt Sr. (1894–1979), m. Grace Lockwood, municipal bond broker
 * Archibald Bulloch Roosevelt Jr. (1918–1990), CIA officer, 1st m. Katherine Tweed, 2nd m. Selwa Carmen Showker
 * Tweed Roosevelt (b. 1942), businessman
 * Theodora Roosevelt (1919–2008), novelist, m. Tom Keogh
 * Nancy Dabney Roosevelt (1923–2010), m. William Eldred Jackson, son of jurist Robert H. Jackson
 * Melissa Jackson (b. 1952), jurist and lawyer
 * Melanie Jackson, literary agent, m. Thomas Pynchon
 * Edith Kermit Roosevelt (1926–2003), newspaper columnist, m. Alexander Gregory Barmine
 * Margot Roosevelt (b. 1950), journalist, m. Ralph Hornblower III
 * Samuel Roosevelt Hornblower (b. 1978), Emmy Award winning producer of 60 Minutes
 * Quentin Roosevelt I (1897–1918), killed in World War I
 * Elliott Roosevelt (socialite) (1860–1894), m. Anna Rebecca Hall, a descendant of the Livingston family
 * Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (1884–1962), First Lady of the United States, delegate to the United Nations, m. Franklin Delano Roosevelt Sr.
 * Elliott Roosevelt Jr. (1889–1893)
 * Gracie Hall Roosevelt (1891–1941), 1st m. Margaret Richardson, 2nd m. Dorothy Kemp
 * Corinne Roosevelt (1861–1933), m. Douglas Robinson, poet, lecturer, and orator
 * Theodore Douglas Robinson (1883–1934) m. Helen Rebecca Roosevelt
 * Douglas Robinson (1906–1964), m. Louise Miller, daughter of New York Governor Nathan L. Miller
 * Elizabeth Mary Douglas Robinson (1909–1979), m. Jacques Blaise de Sibour, son of architect Jules Henri de Sibour
 * Corinne Douglas Robinson (1886–1971), twice elected to the Connecticut House of Representatives, m. Joseph Wright Alsop IV
 * Joseph Wright Alsop V (1910–1989), journalist and syndicated newspaper columnist
 * Corinne Roosevelt Alsop (1912–1997), m. Percy Chubb II, grandson of the founder of Chubb Limited
 * Stewart Johonnot Oliver Alsop Sr. (1914–1974), American newspaper columnist and political analyst
 * Joseph Wright Alsop VI, software executive and venture capitalist
 * Ian Alsop
 * Elizabeth Winthrop Alsop (b. 1948), children's book author,
 * Stewart Johonnot Oliver Alsop Jr. (b. 1952), investor and pundit
 * Richard Nicholas Alsop, missionary with FamilyLife
 * Andrew Alsop
 * John deKoven Alsop (1915–2000), insurance executive and Connecticut state legislator
 * Monroe Douglas Robinson (1887–1944)
 * Stewart Douglas Robinson (1889–1909), committed suicide by jumping from his college dormitory window after a party.

Hyde Park Roosevelts

 * Isaac Daniel Roosevelt (1790–1863) m. Mary Rebecca Aspinwall
 * James Roosevelt (1828–1900), 1st m. Rebecca Howland, 2nd m. Sara Ann Delano
 * James Roosevelt "Rosey" Roosevelt (1854–1927) m. Helen Schermerhorn Astor
 * Helen Rebecca Roosevelt (1881–1962), m. Theodore Douglas Robinson (see above)
 * James Roosevelt "Tadd" Roosevelt Jr. (1879–1958)
 * Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882–1945), m. Anna Eleanor Roosevelt, 12th Assistant Secretary of the Navy, 44th Governor of New York and 32nd President of the United States
 * Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (1906–1975), m. 1st Curtis Bean Dall, m. 2nd Clarence John Boettiger, m. 3rd Dr. James Addison Halsted
 * Anna Eleanor Roosevelt Dall (b. 1927) m. Van H. Seagraves 1948
 * Nicholas Delano Seagraves (b. 1949)
 * David Delano Seagraves (b. 1952)
 * Anna Eleanor Seagraves (b. 1955)
 * Curtis Roosevelt Dall (1930–2016)
 * John Roosevelt Boettiger (b. 1939), m. Leigh McCullough
 * James Roosevelt II (1907–1991), m. 1st Betsy Cushing, m. 2nd Romelle Schneider, m. 3rd Irene Owens, m. 4th Mary Winskill
 * Sara Delano Roosevelt, (1932–2021), m. pianist Anthony di Bonaventura
 * Kate Roosevelt (1936–2002), m. journalist and politician William Haddad
 * James Roosevelt III (b. 1945), attorney and Democratic Party official, m. Ann Martha Conlon
 * Kathleen Ann Roosevelt (b. 1978), m. Jeffrey Walker
 * Theresa Marie Roosevelt (b. 1982), m. Robert O'Loughlin
 * Maura Amy Roosevelt (b. 1984), m. Joshua Fisher
 * Michael Anthony Roosevelt (b. 1946)
 * Anna Eleanor Roosevelt (b. 1948)
 * Hall Delano Roosevelt (b. 1959), served on the Long Beach, California City Council in the 1990s
 * Rebecca Mary Roosevelt (b. 1971)
 * Franklin Roosevelt (1908–1909), died in infancy
 * Elliott Roosevelt Sr. (1910–1990), United States Army Air Forces officer and author, m. 1st Emily Browning Donner, daughter of businessman William Donner, m. 2nd Ruth Josephine Googins, m. 3rd Faye Margaret Emerson, m. 4th Minnewa Bell, m. 5th Patricia Peabody
 * William Donner Roosevelt (1932–2003), investment banker and philanthropist
 * Ruth Chandler Roosevelt (1934–2018)
 * Elliott Roosevelt Jr. (b. 1936), Texas oilman
 * David Boynton Roosevelt (b. 1942)
 * Livingston Delano Roosevelt (b. 1962, died as an infant)
 * Franklin Delano Roosevelt Jr., lawyer, politician, and businessman (1914–1988), m. 1st Ethel du Pont, m. 2nd Suzanne Perrin, m. 3rd Felicia Schiff Warburg Sarnoff, m. 4th Patricia Luisa Oakes, m. 5th Linda McKay Stevenson Weicker
 * Franklin Delano Roosevelt III (b. 1938), economist, m. Grace R. Goodyear, great-granddaughter of businessman Charles W. Goodyear and granddaughter of Presbyterian minister Norman Thomas
 * Phoebe Louisa Roosevelt (b. 1965)
 * Nicholas Martin Roosevelt (b. 1966) (twin)
 * Amelia Roosevelt (b. 1966) (twin), concert violinist
 * Christopher du Pont Roosevelt (b. 1941) m. Rosalind Havemeyer, a great-granddaughter of sugar refiner Henry Osborne Havemeyer
 * John A. Roosevelt
 * Nancy Roosevelt Ireland
 * Laura Delano Roosevelt, m. Charles Henry Silberstein
 * John Aspinwall Roosevelt II (1916–1981), m. Anne Lindsay Clark
 * Haven Clark Roosevelt (b. 1940)
 * Anne Sturgis Roosevelt (b. 1942)
 * Sara Delano Roosevelt (1946–1960); killed in a horseback-riding accident
 * Joan Lindsay Roosevelt (1952–1997)
 * John Aspinwall Roosevelt (1840–1909), m. Ellen Murray Crosby
 * Grace Walton Roosevelt (1867–1945), tennis player, m. Appleton LeSure Clark
 * Roosevelt Clark (1897–1928)
 * Russell Clark (1900–1967)
 * Ellen Crosby Roosevelt (1868–1954), tennis champion

Businesses
The following is a list of companies in which the Roosevelt family have held a controlling or otherwise significant interest.
 * Bank of New York
 * Central & South American Telegraph Company
 * Chemical Bank
 * Roosevelt Automobile Company
 * Roosevelt China Investments Corporation
 * Roosevelt & Cross
 * Roosevelt Investment Group
 * Roosevelt, Joyce & Company
 * Roosevelt & Kobbe
 * Roosevelt Organ Works
 * Roosevelt & Sargent
 * Roosevelt & Son
 * Somerset Imports
 * Texas State Network
 * United States Lines

Charities, museums & nonprofit organizations

 * The Alliance, Inc.
 * American Museum of Natural History
 * Boone and Crockett Club
 * Bull Moose Party
 * Children's Aid Society
 * Committee of Seventy (New York City)
 * Metropolitan Museum of Art
 * National Committee for an Effective Congress
 * National Committee to Preserve Social Security and Medicare
 * Roosevelt Hospital
 * Roosevelt Institute
 * Theodore Roosevelt Association
 * Val-Kill Industries

title: Roosevelt family


text:
Outrageous Fourtunes

Outrageous Fourtunes is a limited edition acoustic EP by British folk metal band Skyclad. It was first released as a bonus CD for special edition copies of the band's album The Answer Machine?. Remaining copies were then sold at concerts and at select online retailers. A complete, low quality version of the EP was made available free on the Internet, with the band's blessing.

Track listing

 * 1) "Land of the Rising Slum" (Acoustic)
 * 2) "Sins of Emission" (Acoustic)
 * 3) "Alone in Death's Shadow" (Acoustic)
 * 4) "Spinning Jenny" (Acoustic)

title: Outrageous Fourtunes


text:
Kermit Roosevelt (disambiguation)

Kermit Roosevelt (1889–1943), was an explorer, author, and soldier; second son of U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt.

Kermit Roosevelt may also refer to:

 * Kermit Roosevelt Jr. (1916–2000), CIA officer; eldest son of Kermit Roosevelt
 * Kermit Roosevelt III (born 1971), law professor and author; grandson of Kermit Roosevelt Jr.
 * USS Kermit Roosevelt, World War II and Korean War era repair ship

title: Kermit Roosevelt (disambiguation)


text:
Talk:Brännboll

Swedish terminology
Given that the game is played in several countries under different names and using different terminology for the elements of the game, why is it relevant to mention the Swedish terminology in the article? It seems the article should be de-regionalized.

Article name
Is brennball really a good title for the article? My search on google on "brennball site:.com" gives exclusively German sites, and some Wikipedia mirrors on this article. I think this should be moved to Brännboll. Any objections? -- Elisson | Talk 18:41, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * No objections Actually I have objections. Could you please check with the naming convention first? I know some english people prefer to avoid umlauts (I prefer to avoid it in French names!), so please check the naming convention first. "Brannball" would perhaps be a more "international" name. --Fred-Chess 18:53, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * The Wikipedia naming convention on the matter mentions nothing of umlauts. There are several articles including å, ä and ö (Knäck, Malmö, Skellefteå, Anders Jonas Ångström, Filmjölk and so on) so I don't see any reason to not include the ä in brännboll. And as I've seen no international version of the name (both brannboll and brannball give very few hits on Google), I would prefer brännboll. -- Elisson | Talk 20:49, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Had one been available, an English name should have been used and would have avoided the issue of the diacritics which some people around here dislike. But as there seems to be no English name for the game, I agree that the Swedish name with diacritics should be used; any other form will basically be a neologism. Brennball may possibly be a German form. Uppland 21:16, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

As there seems to be no more objections, I'm moving it. -- Elisson | Talk 21:38, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Why is this article under the Swedish name? Sweden is a bigger country than Denmark and Norway, but smaller than Germany.--Batmacumba (talk) 13:28, 19 August 2019 (UTC)

Is there no english name for this sport?
This exact game is also being played in Denmark, under the name "rundbold" (meaning "round ball", wow), and as it appears, in Germany and probably other countries. If there's no english name of the game, what then? The article could just as well have been named "rundbold". Marc K 14:20, 5 January 2006 (UTC)
 * Is it *exactly* the same game? There *is* a pitcher in rundbold, IIRC. --Palnatoke 11:19, 2 August 2006 (UTC)
 * You're right, but the pitchers main objective is to receive the ball and yell "stop" (or something similar), just as the "burner". Normally people get the option to throw the ball up in the air themselves, if they prefer that. I don't know if that option is part of the "official" rules (I bet there are some sort of rundbold-klub in Denmark that can provide us with that information). However, you're right that the games differ in this respect, but since this difference is so small and people often throw the ball themselves, I don't think it is big enough to percieve the games as being different. Marc K 13:26, 7 August 2006 (UTC)
 * And players 'die' in rundbold when they would be 'bränd' in brännboll (assuming the article is correct) and innings continue until 3 player are dead (or 'out') not a fixed period of time. 83.72.136.244 20:52, 28 June 2007 (UTC)

Tjejbollträ?
I have never heard the use of this word, where I come from everyone says "kärringracket", so I will change that Drogo 22:54, 2 September 2006 (UTC)

 * Well, I could easily imagine people/children calling it a "pige-bat" ("girl bat"), wich would translate into "tjejbollträ", I guess. But now, this again shows the problem of giving the article a regional bias. If people would agree, that this article is explaining not only "brännboll" but also "rundbold" (ie. that the two games are the same), I suggest the article become anti-regionalized. I also suggest we use english translations for things like the "tjejbollträ"/"kärringracket"/"pige-bat" and explain the connotations. Luckily this part (about the flat bat) is virtually unimportant and nonessential to the article. Marc K 00:26, 10 September 2006 (UTC)

Added 'disparagingly' to clarify the usage of this term. -- Popoi 18:33, 23 March 2007 (UTC)

Oh and Mark, in my very humble opinion brännboll is a very amateurish game, it's kindof like the local kids playing football in a parking lot using a couple of sweaters to mark goalposts. The part with the flat bat is very important. I think every Scandinavian who grew up playing brännboll encountered both the bat, as well the disparaging connotation.

Not to include it would be like writing an article on craps and not mentioning snake eyes.

-- Popoi 18:40, 23 March 2007 (UTC)

Differences to German "Brennball"
German "Brennball" is different from all the other types of Brännboll mentioned here: You have a pitcher standing next to a ring with a radius of 50 centimeters (this is called "Brenner") on the ground. The pitcher must throw the ball in the Brenner. Everyone who is not standing on a base (there can be as much bases as one wants) is burned ("verbrannt", if it is translated word by word it means burned away). There is a time limit in Brennball or the sides swap after everyone of the Offensive has thrown the ball once. Yes, they throw it. They don't have bats. Usual you use volleyballs or soft balls. Players don't even have to throw the ball. They are allowed drop them at the home base (this can be smart but it doesn't have to). The bases around the field mark the field's end. When ball hits the ground first, it mustn't be outside the field (everyone who doesn't stand on a base dies instantly if the ball hits the group outside the field). Every burned opponent is a point for the defense. Every player getting around without being burned both is one point for the offense. A home-run is 3. In addition, there's another game in Germany called "Tiger-Brennball". I don't remember much of this. It is quite rare but normal Brennball is played very often at German schools. --90.128.97.1 19:29, 6 September 2007 (UTC)

 * "Brennball", as it's called in German, Spanish, and English according to this German website - http://www.brennball.de/english/index.htm, is described as a Swedish game popular in Germany. The Swedish version of the site calls it Brännboll, as this article.  It seems to be the same game? Hakluyt bean (talk) 19:58, 22 June 2009 (UTC)

Norway?
Never heard this name in Norway. However, there is a related equivalent dødball. Punkmorten (talk) 09:52, 3 May 2008 (UTC)
 * I played slåball in Norwegian primary school the very year this comment was made! Ved havet ≈ (talk) 23:39, 7 November 2021 (UTC)

In American Upper Midwest?
"Branboll is enjoyed by elementary schoolchildren in the American Upper Midwest (particularly Minnesota), due to the area's large Scandinavian influence." -- Having grown up in Minnesota, and attending K-12 here, neither I nor anyone I know well enough to ask has ever heard of Branboll. 20:27, 3 July 2008 (UTC)

English translations
I've done a light rewrite of this article, and given it a new image (it had an annoying spelling mistake). As the act of being burned is roughly equivalent to being out in baseball I've decided to call it "out" (catching out, outing plate, etc), and explained the name in the opening paragraph. This will hopefully confuse non-Scandinavians less when their Scandinavian friends decide to show them how awesome brännboll is by linking to this article. EditorInTheRye (talk) 22:21, 10 May 2009 (UTC)

How does this differ from Rounders?
I don't see a substantial difference between this game and rounders. In fact even my dictionary suggest rounders as a translation of the Danish rundbold. I suggest to merge this article contents into rounders. In kind regards, Heb (talk) 09:44, 3 April 2013 (UTC)

 * These are two different games, with different history and names, using two different languages. Even within Rounders there are different rules depending on national associations, which have to be carefully explained. There are no national associations for Brännboll. Leave Brännboll as it is - merging the two articles would cause confusion. Hohenloh + 14:22, 3 April 2013 (UTC)
 * Could you elaborate a bit on that? It's not like Brännboll go much into details on it's history, and when I look at the commonalities of the two rule-sets of rounders, it still pretty much looks like the same to me. --Heb (talk) 08:54, 5 April 2013 (UTC)
 * If you want to nitpick at rules differences I found plenty:
 * Throw ball to batter vs batter starting out with ball when batting
 * Leather ball vs tennis ball
 * Only one person allowed per base vs unlimited
 * People starting at the out bases (I couldn't really work it out?) vs everyone lining up and waiting to bat
 * Defined requirements for bats vs just get a couple of bats including a cricket bat style one for less skilled players (it's a game, not a sport, remmeber? everyone should have fun!)
 * Innings defined by number of outs vs time
 * Points are only scored by the inning team in rounders (unsure about this one, again it wasn't very well explained) EditorInTheRye (talk) 19:38, 5 April 2013 (UTC)
 * I guess it comes down to substantial and my experience with the Danish version of it being being a bit more loosely defined (such as there is no actual demand of the ball being a tennis ball or who throws the ball). --Heb (talk) 15:23, 9 April 2013 (UTC)
 * I think you've also got to consider the cultural differences here too, this really fuzzily defined article on brännboll is quite a good example of how the Germanic bit of Europe sees ball and bat sports. In fact, the average Scandinavian will have a really hard time understanding the rules of baseball, let alone cricket. Brännboll is as complicated as ball and bat sports get over here, and I think it would be wrong to try to coerce all the content in this article into a real sport when it in reality is more of a game we play because nobody really takes ball and bat sports seriously here, it misrepresents how we feel about these kinds of sports. Also, covering less strict variants of a more defined game is not unheard of, see Variants of association football, for example. EditorInTheRye (talk) 09:22, 12 April 2013 (UTC)
 * I agree, the articles should NOT be merged. Eltirion (talk) 08:37, 16 August 2013 (UTC)
 * As there appears to be no consensus for merging, I have removed the notice. —Wiki Wikardo 05:20, 31 October 2013 (UTC)

Pronunciation
I'm no linguist, but shouldn't the pronunciation be [ˈbrɛnːbɔlː], rather than [ˈbrɛmːbɔlː]? Feels like although people may sometimes pronounce it the latter way colloquially, that the proper, articulated pronunciation should be the former. I have changed it in any case. Kimspindel (talk) 19:51, 5 May 2015 (UTC)

title: Talk:Brännboll


text:
Corinthian helmet

The Corinthian helmet originated in ancient Greece and took its name from the city-state of Corinth. It was a helmet made of bronze which in its later styles covered the entire head and neck, with slits for the eyes and mouth. A large curved projection protected the nape of the neck.

Out of combat, a Greek hoplite would wear the helmet tipped upward for comfort. This practice gave rise to a series of variant forms in Italy, where the slits were almost closed, since the helmet was no longer pulled over the face but worn cap-like. Although the classical Corinthian helmet fell out of use among the Greeks in favour of more open types, the Italo-Corinthian types remained in use until the 1st century AD, being used, among others, by the Roman army.

Physical evidence
Apparently (judging from artistic and archaeological evidence) the most popular helmet during the Archaic and early Classical periods, the style gradually gave way to the more open Thracian helmet, Chalcidian helmet and the much simpler pilos type, which was less expensive to manufacture and did not obstruct the wearer's critical senses of vision and hearing as the Corinthian helmet did. Numerous examples of Corinthian helmets have been excavated, and they are frequently depicted on ancient Greek pottery.

The Corinthian helmet was depicted on more sculpture than any other helmet; it seems the Greeks romantically associated it with glory and the past. The Romans also revered it, from copies of Greek originals to sculpture of their own. Based on the sparse pictorial evidence of the republican Roman army, in Italy the Corinthian helmet evolved into a jockey-cap style helmet called the Italo-Corinthian, Etrusco-Corinthian or Apulo-Corinthian helmet, with the characteristic nose guard and eye slits becoming mere decorations on its face. Given many Roman appropriations of ancient Greek ideas, this change was probably inspired by the "over the forehead" position common in Greek art. This helmet remained in use well into the 1st century AD.

Literary evidence
Herodotus mentions the Corinthian helmet in his Histories when writing of the Machlyes and Auseans, two tribes living along the River Triton in ancient Libya (the portion of ancient Libya he describes is most likely in modern Tunisia). The tribes chose annually two teams of the fairest maidens who fought each other with sticks and stones. They chose the fairest maiden who was dressed in Greek panoply with a Corinthian helmet. The ritual fight was part of a festival honoring the virgin goddess Athena. (Histories, 4.180).

title: Corinthian helmet


text:
Rosetta (software)

Rosetta is a dynamic binary translator developed by Apple Inc. for macOS, an application compatibility layer between different instruction set architectures. It enables a transition to newer hardware, by automatically translating software. The name is a reference to the Rosetta Stone, the artifact which enabled translation of Egyptian hieroglyphs.

The first version of Rosetta, introduced in 2006 in Mac OS X Tiger, was part of the Mac transition from PowerPC processors to Intel processors, allowing PowerPC applications to run on Intel-based Macs. Support for Rosetta was dropped with the release of Mac OS X Lion (10.7) in 2011.

Rosetta 2, introduced in 2020 as a component of macOS Big Sur, is part of the Mac transition from Intel processors to Apple silicon, allowing Intel applications to run on Apple silicon-based Macs.

Background
Macintosh has used CPUs with several different instruction set architectures: the Motorola 68000 series, PowerPC, Intel x86, and ARM64 in Apple silicon. Each instruction set architecture is incompatible with its predecessor, necessitating a transition plan based on a software layer to emulate the previous instruction set on the succeeding one.

With the launch of Power Macintosh, the Mac 68K emulator is part of System 7.1.2 and later. This emulator uses PowerPC features and is embedded at the lowest levels of the operating system, integrated with the Mac OS nanokernel. This means that the nanokernel is able to intercept PowerPC interrupts, translate them to 68k interrupts (then doing a mixed mode switch, if necessary), and then execute 68k code to handle the interrupts. This allows 68k and PowerPC code to be interspersed within the same fat binary.

Rosetta
Apple launched Rosetta in 2006 upon the Mac transition to Intel processors from PowerPC. It was embedded in Mac OS X v10.4.4 "Tiger", the version that was released with the first Intel-based Macs, and allows many PowerPC applications to run on Intel-based Mac computers without modification. Rosetta is based on QuickTransit technology. It has no graphical user interface, and launches as needed with no notification of the user, which led Apple to describe Rosetta as "the most amazing software you'll never see". Rosetta is optionally installable in Mac OS X v10.6 "Snow Leopard". Rosetta is neither included nor supported in Mac OS X Lion (10.7) or later, which therefore cannot run PowerPC applications.

Because of the greater architectural differences between Intel and PowerPC processors, Rosetta operates at a higher level than the 68000 emulator does, as a user-level program that can only intercept and emulate user-level code. It translates G3, G4, and AltiVec instructions, but not G5 instructions. Although most commercial software for PowerPC-based Macs was compatible with these requirements (G4 systems were still widely used at the time), any applications that relied on G5-specific instructions had to be modified by their developers to work on Rosetta-supported Intel-based Macs. Apple advised that applications with heavy user interaction but low computational needs (such as word processors) would be best suited to use with Rosetta, and applications with high computational needs (such as games, AutoCAD, or Photoshop) would not. Pre-existing PowerPC versions of Apple "Pro" media-production applications (such as Final Cut Pro, Motion, Aperture, and Logic Pro) are not supported by Rosetta and require a "crossgrade" to a universal binary version to work on Rosetta-supported Intel-based Macs.

Rosetta also does not support the following:

 * The Classic environment, and thus any non-Carbon application built for Mac OS 9 or earlier
 * Code that inserts preferences into the System Preferences pane
 * Applications that require precise exception handling
 * Screen savers
 * Kernel extensions and applications that depend on them
 * Bundled Java applications or Java applications with JNI libraries that cannot be translated
 * Java applets in Rosetta-translated applications, meaning that a native Intel web browser application, rather than a legacy PowerPC version, must be used to load Java applets

Rosetta 2
In 2020, Apple announced Rosetta 2 would be bundled with macOS Big Sur, to aid in the Mac transition to Apple silicon. The software permits many applications compiled exclusively for execution on x86-64-based processors to be translated for execution on Apple silicon.

To install Rosetta 2 on an Apple silicon Mac there are two ways to do it: either by using the Terminal to install the program directly, or by trying to open an application compiled for x86-64, which will open an installation window.

In addition to the just-in-time (JIT) translation support, Rosetta 2 offers ahead-of-time compilation (AOT), with the x86-64 code fully translated, just once, when an application without a universal binary is installed on an Apple silicon Mac.

Rosetta 2's performance has been praised greatly. In some benchmarks, x86-64-only programs performed better under Rosetta 2 on a Mac with an Apple M1 SOC than natively on a Mac with an Intel x86-64 processor. One of the key reasons why Rosetta 2 provides such a high level of translation efficiency is the support of x86-64 memory ordering in the Apple M1 SOC. The SOC also has dedicated instructions for computing x86 flags.

Although Rosetta 2 works for most software, some software doesn't work at all or is reported to be "sluggish".

Similar to the first version, Rosetta 2 does not normally require user intervention. When a user attempts to launch an x86-64-only application for the first time, macOS prompts them to install Rosetta 2 if it is not already available. Subsequent launches of x86-64 programs will execute via translation automatically. An option also exists to force a universal binary to run as x86-64 code through Rosetta 2, even on an ARM-based machine.

Since macOS Ventura, users running virtual machines with Linux as a guest operating system can make use of Rosetta 2 to run x86-64 code compiled for Linux, within the virtual machine. Rosetta 2 works as a runtime binary, which is required to be installed on the guest operating system. There have been instances of developers installing this runtime binary on third-party hardware, provided that it includes a CPU that supports at least the ARMv8.2-A instruction set; the memory ordering will be different from native x86. Some developers have noted that it might violate macOS's licensing agreements, since the runtime is bundled within Apple's Virtualization framework.

In macOS Sequoia, Rosetta 2 has been updated to support translating AVX2 instructions from Intel processors in order to improve compatibility for games being ported using Apple's Game Porting Toolkit.

title: Rosetta (software)


text:
Talk:Veronica Guerin

Bizarre detail
Forgive my frankness, but it's a poor thing that her life and career can be summed up in little more than half a dozen sentences (with no mention of family, upbringing or interests outside journalism), yet we're given a bizarre detail like the model and colour of the car she was murdered in.

Please, I beg, somebody who knows her story well do a better job than this. This is the sort of entry people make jokes about. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 217.42.71.249 (talk) 01:24, 15 February 2007 (UTC)

 * Amen. There's so much more to this individual than her shooting. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.146.50.17 (talk) 18:12, 16 June 2009 (UTC)

Removed unproven link and related text
I noticed in the text it states that she attended trinity college.The link leads to answers.com,which is hardly qualified proof, and is highly unreliable. Also, a book titled" Veronica Guerin, the life and death of a reporter" written by Emily O Reilly (which is reliable) contridicts this unproven statement — Preceding unsigned comment added by 79.97.54.72 (talk) 23:12, 31 August 2010 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Veronica Guerin


text:
User:Steal2/sandbox

Psycho le Cému is a Japanese Visual rock band. Its members are AYA, Daishi, Lida, seek, and YURA-sama. The band is heavily influenced by cosplay and its members dress up in costumes that resemble anime and TV game characters, some of which are reminiscent of the characters from the fantasy RPG Dragon Quest. Their cosplaying made them stand out in the Gothic Lolita dominated visual kei scene of 2001/2 and established a niche with visual kei fans who have an interest in anime and cosplay. Recently this has expanded to include American fans of anime or cosplay, sometimes referred to as otaku. Fans of the band often cosplay their favourite outfits. They follow the visual kei formula of creating a new set of costumes for each single. Promotional music videos often have storylines based on anime or Eastern mythology. The band also perform as an alter-ego band called "Bad Boys, Be Ambitious!" Though they may appear comical, they are in no way a novelty act.

Members
AYA plays guitar and assumes the role of "girl" in the band. He has pink hair and often wears bright pink dresses. As many of the band's videos follow a storyline, AYA will assume the role of princess etc. He does not attempt to act in a feminine way or to disguise his masculine voice. AYA was also a member of the band ISABELLE.

Daishi is the vocalist of Psycho le Cému. He often plays the "hero" in their videos.

Lida writes most of the band's material and is their second guitarist. His trademark is bright orange hair.

seek is the bass player of Psycho le Cému, and the shyest member. He often wears very heavy make up, masks, or costumes that cover his entire body. In Psycho le Cému's music videos, he often plays "the monster."

YURA-sama plays drums, but also provides backing vocals and choreographs the band's dance routines. His long blonde hair and self-parodying vain persona has earned him the "-sama" honorific. "Sama" is usually used to indicate a very revered person, but in YURA's case is meant ironically.

Discography

 * Doppelganger
 * FRONTIERS (8/27/2003) - An original character figure included with first pressing
 * Beautiful World ~Kono Hitomi ni Utsuranai Mono~ (10/11/2004)

Singles

 * Ai no Uta (10/2/2002)
 * Gekiai Merry-Go-Round / Shunkashuutou (1/16/2003)
 * Roman Hikou (4/23/2003) (5/1/2003) - A limited first print had a special packaging
 * Miracle High Tension! (5/21/2003)
 * a trip to the Arcadia (10/8/2003) - A double single disk set
 * Omoide Aruki (2/18/2004)
 * Michi no Sora (6/9/2004)
 * Yume Kazaguruma (10/6/2004)
 * LOVE IS DEAD (4/27/2005)

DVD

 * Psycho le Cému Majiakru BOX (12/25/2003) - In addition to DVD, it has five character figures of the band, a pen with a LED light, a traveling pouch, a "magical" towel, and a set of twelve post cards.
 * Psycho le Cému in USA - LIVE & DOCUMENT - (9/15/2004) - A Pscyho le Cemu's tour of two anime and manga conventions in Anaheim, California and Dallas, Texas.

title: User:Steal2/sandbox