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Blue Monday (opera)

Blue Monday (Opera à la Afro-American) was the original name of a one-act "jazz opera" by George Gershwin, renamed 135th Street during a later production. The English libretto was written by Buddy DeSylva. Though a short piece, with a running time of between twenty and thirty minutes, Blue Monday is often considered the blueprint to many of Gershwin's later works, and is often considered to be the "first piece of symphonic jazz" in that it was the first significant attempt to fuse forms of classical music such as opera with American popular music, with the opera largely influenced by Jazz and the African-American culture of Harlem.

Characters and Synopsis

 * Roles
 * Joe, a gambler, tenor
 * Vi, his sweetheart, lyric soprano
 * Tom, café entertainer and singer, baritone
 * Mike, café proprietor and manager, bass
 * Sam, café worker and custodian, baritone
 * Sweetpea, café pianist
 * Chorus
 * Guests

As in Gershwin's later opera Porgy and Bess, all the singing roles are African-American characters. Unlike Porgy and Bess, however, the original production of Blue Monday was performed by white singers in blackface.

 * Setting: A basement café near the intersection of 135th Street and Lenox Avenue in Harlem, New York City.
 * Time: An evening during the Jazz Age, beginning at around 9:30 P.M.

After a brief overture, the gambler Joe appears in front of the curtain as a Prologue, in a reference to the character Tonio's opening aria in Pagliacci. Like that number, which explained the serious nature of Leoncavallo's opera as if it were an actual event, Joe tells his audience that just like "the white man's opera", this "colored [Harlem] tragedy enacted in operatic style" focuses on primal human emotions such as love, hate, passion and jealousy, and that the moral of the story is that tragic results come from when a woman's intuition goes wrong (Joe: "Ladies and gentlemen!").

As the curtain rises on a café with a bar, gambling room and dance floor, café owner Mike berates his worker Sam for his laziness and commands him to get to work. As Sam sweeps the floor, he relates that he resents "Blue Monday" because he always loses at dice gambling and it is the day when people die, and concludes that there is no use working on Mondays (Sam: "Blue Monday Blues"). The pianist Sweetpea arrives and plays for a while until the arrogant singer Tom comes in and knocks her out of the way, claiming that the only reason the café is still in business is his singing. Joe's sweetheart Vi enters, asking if anyone has seen her "lovin' man" Joe, whom she is supposed to be meeting for a date (Vi: "Has Anyone Seen My Joe?").

When Mike goes to the backroom to ask if anyone has seen Joe, Tom attempts to seduce and woo Vi. When Tom tells her that he loves her and asks what she sees in the gambler Joe, Vi angrily retorts that even if he gambles, Joe is a man and unique. Tom continues to try to persuade Vi to leave Joe for him and he attempts to kiss her, when Vi threatens him with a revolver that Joe had given her. Mike returns with the news that no one has seen Joe, and Vi leaves. Mike again calls Sam and scolds him for being lazy, and as Sam again sweeps the floor he sings a reprise the song "Blue Monday Blues" (Sam: "Monday's the day that all the earthquakes quiver"). This time Sam more directly foreshadows the event to come, as he states that "Monday's a day full of sad, sad news /... That's when a gal will pull a trigger, / A gal will pull a trigger".

Joe enters the café and Tom hides behind the piano to eavesdrop on his conversation with Mike. After Mike tells Joe that Vi has been looking for him and that he has heard that Joe won a large deal of money in a game of craps, Joe tells him that he is going to use the money to travel to the South the next morning to visit his mother, whom he hasn't seen in years and to whom he has recently sent a telegram (Joe: "I'll tell the world I did"). Joe says that he can not tell Vi that he is going, and when asked why by Mike he says that she gets jealous and angry for irrational reasons. He then relates how he yearns to see his mother and return home (Joe: "I'm Gonna See My Mother").

Joe goes upstairs to meet Vi, and slowly the night's guests and customers arrive. After a dance, Vi tells him that she loves only him and although she is a jealous woman, if he remains true to her then she will be his (Vi: I love but you, my Joe, my Joe"). When Joe leaves to wait for a telegram from his mother, Tom tells Vi that he overheard Joe's conversation and that the telegram is from another woman. Vi initially refuses to believe him, but when Sweetpea arrives with Joe's telegram, Vi accuses Joe of infidelity and demands to see the telegram. Joe rebukes her by pushing her away, and when he opens the envelope Vi shoots him with the revolver from her handbag.

Vi reads the letter, sent in fact by Joe's sister, who states that there is no need for Joe to come South because his mother had been dead for three years. When she realizes what she has done, Vi sinks to the floor and begs Joe for forgiveness, which she receives. As Joe dies, he sings that he is finally going to see his mother in heaven. (Joe: "I'm Gonna See My Mother").

Performance history, reception, and legacy
By 1922, the improvisational and melodic talent of George Gershwin, a former song-plugger for a music publishing firm on Tin Pan Alley, allowed him to write songs for three Broadway shows and then write complete scores for four (although because every one of his previous shows was a revue, Gershwin had basically no dramatic experience). Two of Gershwin's most successful works at this time were the scores to the 1920 and 1921 productions of George White's Scandals, a popular annual revue. Paul Whiteman, the music director and conductor of the Scandals of 1922 (with his Orchestra in the pit), which Gershwin was again hired for, had previously worked with him when the Paul Whiteman Orchestra recorded the latter's song "South Sea Island" in 1921.

Gershwin's lyricist Buddy DeSylva originally conceived a plan for writing a "jazz opera" set in Harlem and based on the Italian language verismo opera Pagliacci with Gershwin in the early 1920s, and Whiteman, who had built much of his reputation on such experimental fusions of different musical and dramatic genres, persuaded producer George White to include it in the 1922 Scandals. White was initially enthusiastic about an idea of a black "opera" because "A recent Broadway success was Shuffle Along, a show with an all-black cast—its words and music by the black creative team of Noble Sissle and Eubie Blake... White seems to have imagined that a black-oriented segment in the new edition of his revue would capitalize on Shuffle Along's appeal." However, after considering his decision, White realized that a thirty-minute operatic tragedy, or "one act vaudeville opera", as Gershwin called it, would disrupt the flow of his revue, and promptly reconsidered before Gershwin and DeSylva had begun writing. The latter two, however, were still the composer and lyricist of the rest of the revue, as it would include the later-famous song "I'll Build a Stairway to Paradise."

Three weeks before the opening of the show, White found that he was in need of a longer program and reverted to allowing the (unwritten) opera to be included in the show. Gershwin and DeSylva wrote the work in five days and five nights, and soon after completion it was orchestrated by Will Vodery, a very talented but relatively unknown African-American composer who had befriended Gershwin.

The premiere performance of Blue Monday was at the four Scandal's tryouts in New Haven, Connecticut, and it was received there very warmly and enthusiastically. Gershwin later wrote that what he referred to as his "composer's stomach", ailments which he would have for the rest of his life, originated in his nervousness on the opening night of Blue Monday. A few days after, it opened (and closed) on Broadway at the Globe Theatre on August 28, 1922. The opera itself did not gain a lot of acceptance because of its tragic ending, and was removed from the Scandals after only one performance.

Some critics saw the work as worse than just inappropriate for the Scandals, as Charles Darnton's review in the New York World called it "the most dismal, stupid, and incredible blackface sketch that has probably ever been perpetrated. In it a dusky soprano finally killed her gambling man. She should have shot all her associates the moment they appeared and then turned the pistol on herself." According to Reed College Professor of Music David Schiff, "With the appearance of black musicals like Shuffle Along and the emergence of black stars such as Paul Robeson and Ethel Waters, the minstrel convention of blackface, which survived in the vastly popular performances of Al Jolson and Eddie Cantor, had become an embarrassment – at least to some critics."

However, "Another critic... said it was a genuine human plot of American life and foreshadowed things to come from Gershwin," and another wrote that "This opera will be imitated in a hundred years." Most importantly, a third critic was relieved that "Here at last, is a genuinely human plot of American life, set to music in the American vein, using jazz only at the right moments, the blues, and above all, a new and free ragtime time recitative. In it we see the first gleam of a new American musical art." Many biographers and musicologists would see such an assessment as a prophetic prediction of the accomplishment that Gershwin would make thirteen years later with Porgy and Bess.

Blue Monday was one of Gershwin's premature works and lacks the musical and dramatic sophistication of his later musicals and Porgy and Bess, but jazz conductor Paul Whiteman, who conducted the original performance of the piece in 1922, was so impressed by it that he asked Gershwin to compose a symphonic jazz piece for Whiteman to conduct at a concert Whiteman was planning. The resulting piece, "Rhapsody in Blue," became Gershwin's most famous composition.

Arts consultant Jeffrey James claims that Blue Monday is the "genesis of the Rhapsody", and "the missing link in Gershwin's evolution into the Rhapsody in Blue" as well as a source to his Preludes, Piano Concerto and Porgy and Bess.

After its disastrous flop on Broadway, Blue Monday was reportedly renamed 135th Street when Ferde Grofé re-orchestrated it in 1925, with a concert performance at Carnegie Hall on December 29, 1925 under the direction of Paul Whiteman, preceded by a Whiteman performance in Washington, DC on 12 December 1925. A photostat of the original Grofé score exists in the Music and Recorded Sound Division of the New York Public Library and is titled Blue Monday (135th Street). In an unusually daring move for 1950's television, it was presented in that medium in 1953, as part of the famous anthology, Omnibus, under the title 135th Street. This production featured black singers, not white singers in blackface. Blue Monday is occasionally, though sparingly, revived both inside and outside of the United States, including a 1970 New York revival and recent productions in Adelaide, Australia, Livorno, Italy, Arlington, Virginia and Linz, Austria. A vocal score with a new orchestration by George Bassman was published in 1993. This version was recorded and released on CD that year.

An abbreviated version of Blue Monday, performed in blackface, was included in the 1945 film biography of Gershwin, Rhapsody in Blue. The sequence was a fictionalized, but basically true re-creation of the work's opening performance. Bandleader Paul Whiteman appeared as himself.

Note: Though it is true that at least some of the performers in the film - the leads who play Vi and Joe - are white and that their skin was evidently darkened, it is a question of body makeup and not the sort of blackface used in minstrel shows - as, for example, seen earlier in the picture when Jolson performs "Swanee".

Preservation status
On September 22, 2013, it was announced that a musicological critical edition of the full orchestral score (with the original orchestrations by Will Vodery) will be eventually released. The Gershwin family, working in conjunction with the Library of Congress and the University of Michigan, are working to make scores available to the public that represent Gershwin's true intent.

The entire Gershwin project may take 30 to 40 years to complete, and it is unclear when the Blue Monday edition will be released.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Blue Monday (opera)


text:
Claire Martin

Claire or Clare Martin may refer to:

 * Claire Martin (gymnast) (born 1998), French artistic gymnast
 * Clare Martin (ice hockey) (1922–1980), Canadian NHL player
 * Claire Martin (meteorologist), British-Canadian meteorologist, broadcaster, and environmentalist
 * Claire Martin (singer) (born 1967), English jazz singer
 * Claire Martin (writer) (1914–2014), Canadian author

title: Claire Martin


text: User talk:81.156.255.60

title: User talk:81.156.255.60


text:
Talk:Paradise Mall (Hong Kong)

Help Needed for this article
Can any Wikipedian please help me to finish this article? I cannot finish this article since I cannot gather enough information. Thank You so much. - comment by 69.140.103.233 at 18:52, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC) on the article

 * I am quite sure you can get a bit more useful information at its official website. — Instantnood 19:01, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)

WikiProject class rating
This article was automatically assessed because at least one WikiProject had rated the article as stub, and the rating on other projects was brought up to Stub class. BetacommandBot 05:16, 10 November 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Paradise Mall (Hong Kong)


text:
Paul Nash

Paul Nash may refer to:

 * Paul Nash (artist) (1889–1946), British artist
 * Paul Nash (athlete) (born 1947), South African sprinter
 * Paul Nash (Australian swimmer) (born 1959), Australian swimmer
 * Paul Nash (Jamaican swimmer) (born 1943), former Jamaican swimmer
 * Paul Nash (musician) (1948-2005), American guitarist

title: Paul Nash


text: Category:System administration

title: Category:System administration


text:
User:Iromeister

Hi,

I'm a 27 years old guy from Germany, specialising in computer network security technology. This is of course one of the areas of Wikipedia to which I contribute. Monetary and economic theory is another interest of mine, although not professional.

My English's gonna improve throughout the next months and probably years, because I'm gonna travel to a lot of Intentional communities all about Europe and maybe beyond. You can read about my travels in my Blog (in German): http://iromeister.twoday.net/. I continue blogging at http://www.iromeister.de/.

Update: From last summer till January 2007 I lived in the community Jahnishausen with my girlfriend (sometimes I call her my wife though we're not married). In February we moved to Leipzig, where I'm establishing my business PC ab 50 (computer services for people over 50) at the moment.

That's it for now, I'll write more about myself some day in the future...

title: User:Iromeister


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User:Mindspillage/sense

The primary rule I go by is Use Common Sense. Which is a meta-rule that goes hand-in-hand with Don't be a dick and Ignore all rules, and supersedes all others. It goes with Assume good faith as it is written, which states that one should assume good faith "until bad faith makes itself known". It goes with Wikiquette and Civility, because common sense states that working with people will get better results than working against them. It balances No original research with Common knowledge. It tempers the Three-revert rule with discretion and good judgment. Use Common Sense governs all of these.

Written policy is good, particularly when it clarifies unwritten rules, making the actual workings of Wikipedia more transparent. But the increasingly legalistic letter-of-the-law interpretations are doing more harm than good. We are a community that exists to build an encyclopedia. Our primary purpose is to build that encyclopedia, and we cannot do it if the community is continually too busy sniping at each other and testing the rules to actually write articles. We cannot do it if we are so worried about possibly offending someone that contributors of proven good quality are driven off by trolls and POV-pushers. We cannot do it if new contributors are driven off by a Byzantine system of rules and made to feel like outsiders for not being intimately familiar with everything that has gone before. Use common sense.

title: User:Mindspillage/sense


text:
Demigod (album)

Demigod is the seventh studio album by Polish extreme metal band Behemoth. The album was recorded during May and July in 2004 at the Hendrix Studios and was released in October 2004. Daniel Bergstrand mixed the record at the Dug out Studios in Uppsala, Sweden during July and August in 2004. The record was then mastered at the Cutting Room in Stockholm, Sweden in August 2004.

The track "XUL" included a guest guitar solo by Karl Sanders of Nile.

The track "Before the Æons Came" is an adaptation of a poem by British poet Algernon Charles Swinburne.

The track "Conquer All" was featured as DLC in the rhythm game Rock Band 2, and has continued to be featured in subsequent games.

Along with being Behemoth's breakthrough album, Demigod is now considered a landmark album within the Polish death metal scene, with Decibel Magazine notably including it in their Hall of Fame.

Personnel

 * Behemoth
 * Adam "Nergal" Darski – vocals, guitars, acoustic guitar, lyrics
 * Zbigniew Robert "Inferno" Promiński – drums and percussion
 * Tomasz "Orion" Wróblewski – bass guitar

 * Additional musicians
 * Patryk Dominik "Seth" Sztyber – session guitars
 * Karl Sanders – guitar solo on "XUL"
 * Piotr Bańka – synthesizer, and arrangements
 * Academic Male Choir From Lublin – choir

 * Production
 * Arkadiusz "Malta" Malczewski – sound engineer
 * Tomasz "Graal" Daniłowicz – cover design and artwork
 * Krzysztof Azarewicz – lyrics
 * Zenon Darski – weaponry and armour
 * Thomas Eberger – mastering
 * Sharon E. Wennekers – grammatical consultations
 * Dominik Kulaszewicz – photography
 * Krzysztof Sadowski – photography
 * Tomasz Daniłowicz – The Core Ov Hell mask design
 * Zenon Darski – The Core Ov Hell mask finishing
 * Norbert Grabianowski – The Core Ov Hell mask forging

 * Note
 * Recorded at Hendrix Studios, Lublin; May–July 2004
 * Mixed at Dug Out Studio, Upsala; July–August 2004
 * Mastered at Cutting Room, Stockholm; August 2004

title: Demigod (album)


text:
Talk:Crush, Crumble and Chomp!

What cities?
Call me picky, but I'm curious, what four cities can you destroy? Dralwik 19:02, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * I wish I knew. I listed the two I could verify, but I don't know the rest.  My guess is that at least one of the remaining two is Tokyo.  However, it doesn't really matter.  If you look at the screenshots on MobyGames, all the cities are pretty generic, with buildings and streets that all look pretty similar.  There are no notable buildings, such as the Empire State Building or the Transamerica Pyramid anywhere in the cities.  The only relationship they have to the real cities is—perhaps—the layout.  That is, the outline of the city and location of waterways. It's a pretty ancient game, they did what they could at the time. :-S   — Frecklefoot | Talk 19:07, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)

 * I played this game hundreds of times. The cities were NYC, San Fran, Tokyo, Washington DC.

 * Any other questions about this game, let me know. It was the first game we ever got for our new Apple IIe, so it stuck in the brain pretty good. --68.45.21.166

 * Thanks for the info, I'll add it to the article. Next time, please sign your post.  I added your signature to your post above, but to sign them yourself, type either 3 or 4 tildes (  or ~ ).  The latter is preferred since it also adds a timestamp.   — Frecklefoot | Talk 14:53, Jun 16, 2005 (UTC)
 * I can confirm the above. I even have some of the original monster quick-reference cards lying around; I'll scan 'em in, one of these days.  - ikkyu2  ( talk ) 21:33, 6 March 2006 (UTC)

title: Talk:Crush, Crumble and Chomp!


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Broken rhyme

Broken rhyme, also called split rhyme, is a form of rhyme which can be found in a poem. It is produced by dividing a word at the line break of a poem to make a rhyme with the end word of another line. Gerard Manley Hopkins' poem The Windhover, for example, divides the word "kingdom" at the end of the first line to rhyme with the word "wing" ending the fourth line. Hopkins is rare in using the device in serious poems. More commonly, the device is used in comic or playful poetry, as in the sixth stanza of Edward Lear's "How Pleasant to Know Mr. Lear" or in Elizabeth Bishop's "Pink Dog":

 * Sixth Stanza of "How Pleasant to Know Mr. Lear":

 * When he walks in waterproof white,
 * The children run after him so!
 * Calling out, "He's gone out in his night-
 * Gown, that crazy old Englishman, oh!"

Here, the word "nightgown" has been split over the third and fourth lines so that the first and third lines form a tail rhyme.

Singer-songwriter and satirist Tom Lehrer occasionally used broken rhymes for comedic effect, such as in the opening lines of "We Will All Go Together When We Go":

 * When you attend a funeral
 * It is sad to think that sooner or
 * Later those you love will do the same for you
 * And you may have thought it tragic
 * Not to mention other adjec-
 * -tives to think of all the weeping they will do

Here, the word "adjective" has been split over the fifth and sixth line to rhyme with "tragic".

Note that the expression "sooner or later" has also been split down the middle, but with no word-division, between the second and third line. This is a closely related poetry device called enjambement.

title: Broken rhyme


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John Abbott (actor)

John Albert Chamberlain Kefford (5 June 1905 – 24 May 1996) was an English actor professionally known as John Abbott. His memorable roles include the invalid Frederick Fairlie in the 1948 film The Woman in White and the pacifist Ayelborne in the Star Trek episode "Errand of Mercy". He also played Sesmar on an episode of Lost in Space, "The Dream Monster", in 1966. Abbott was known as a Shakespearean actor.

Biography
Abbott was born in the district of Stepney in London on 5 June 1905. He had two siblings - a sister, Ivy Skeates of Cambridge, and a brother, Harold Kefford.

In 1934, he began his career in show business when he made his professional stage debut in a revival of Dryden's Aureng-zebe with Sybil Thorndike. He then joined the Old Vic Company and appeared in Shakespearean roles, including Claudius in a production of Hamlet at Elsinore Castle in Denmark with Laurence Olivier, Vivien Leigh, and Alec Guinness. His first Broadway role was that of Count Mancini in He Who Gets Slapped in 1946. He also appeared on Broadway in Monserrat and The Waltz of the Toreadors. He made his film debut in Mademoiselle Docteur in 1937, and went on to act in scores of films in the next 30 years. Among his film credits are Mission to Moscow, Jane Eyre, A Thousand and One Nights, Humoresque, and The Greatest Story Ever Told. His television appearances in that time were even more numerous, beginning with pioneering broadcasts by the BBC before the Second World War.

In the early days of the Second World War, Abbott worked at the British Embassy in Stockholm. When the time came to leave, he had to go by way of the United States. While in the U.S., he was offered a part in Hollywood in 1941 and ended up living there for the rest of his life.

On American television between the 1950s and 1970s, Abbott had roles on a wide variety of series such as Kraft Television Theatre, Studio 57, Gunsmoke (lead character Edward Vanderman in S5E20’s The Tragedian” - 1960), Matinee Theatre, Bonanza, Thriller, Star Trek, Mannix, Iron Horse, and Bewitched. Although he was blacklisted during the Red Scare of the 1950s, a producer who wanted to hire him eventually succeeded in getting the actor removed from the list. In his final years, Abbott taught acting to students free of charge.

Abbott died at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center from natural causes on 24 May 1996 at the age of 90.

title: John Abbott (actor)


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User:Mindspillage/disputes

If you feel wronged by another user's words, nothing is ever gained by responding on the offensive. Respond with courtesy and respect—even if you don't think it's deserved—or don't respond at all. Even if you are certain the other party is not acting in good faith, escalating the dispute does nothing to help you. By continuing it, you are no longer without blame for any problem that arises; you have fanned the flames. A dispute that would have faded away for lack of interest gains vigor with another participant. If you respond on the offensive to someone who has attacked you, why would their reaction be anything other than another attack? They have already shown themselves to be willing to attack once, to ignore the civility guidelines. Sinking to their level only encourages them to continue.

When in doubt, be kind. When not in doubt, be kind anyway. A courteous and civil response to a potentially inflammatory statement has many possible outcomes. If the offense was due purely to misunderstanding, you have avoided making an unwarranted attack on someone who has done you no wrong. If you were intentionally attacked, you have avoided sinking to the level of the person who did it. When you respond with hostility, you behave no better than they do, and you give legitimacy to their opinion of you. If someone believes you to be hostile, and you respond unkindly, you confirm that. If you respond with nothing but civility, your attacker is the one who looks bad, not you.

The hardest thing about following this guideline is stifling your ego. You have not "lost" by not answering a perceived attack in kind, or by failing to get the last word. If you don't react to a perceived slight, their attack has completely failed to do what it was intended to do.

title: User:Mindspillage/disputes


text:
Corpse Killer

Corpse Killer is a horror-themed rail shooter developed and published by Digital Pictures for the Sega CD, Sega CD 32X, 3DO, Sega Saturn, Windows 95 and Macintosh computers. An interactive variation on the zombie film genre, it utilizes live-action full motion video in a format similar to other games developed by Digital Pictures. Reviews for the game were mixed, generally criticizing the repetitive gameplay and low video quality, though many reviewers enjoyed the campy nature of the cutscenes. Corpse Killer was the first CD game released for the Sega 32X. It was later remastered for Steam, PlayStation 4 and Nintendo Switch.

Footage from the game was recycled for the 2003 film Game Over.

Story
An unnamed United States Marine is airdropped onto a tropical island on a top secret mission to stop the evil Dr. Hellman, who plans to release his army of zombies on the world. He is bitten by a zombie and also meets an attractive female reporter and a Rastafarian male driver. Four of the marine lieutenant's comrades are captured by Hellman and turned into zombies. To rescue them, the lieutenant infiltrates Hellman's compound and shoots each of them with bullets coated with extract from Datura plants, which can turn freshly-created zombies back into humans.

Cast

 * Vincent Schiavelli as Hellman
 * Jeremiah Birkett as Winston
 * Bridget Butler as Julie
 * John Cassini as Magliano
 * Gary Anthony Sturgis as Fleming
 * Erin Bobo as Duffy
 * Bill Moseley as Captain
 * Charles Kahlenberg as General

Gameplay
Most of the gameplay is similar to other light gun video games such as Lethal Enforcers. The player moves through the jungle shooting various zombies, collecting better ammunition (to prepare for a raid on Hellman's compound) and medicine to recover health.

Development
John Lafia directed the live-action footage, which was filmed on location in the Caribbean, with most scenes being shot in Puerto Rico. The actors portraying the zombies wore latex masks.

Sega Saturn features
The Sega Saturn version of the title was released with the subtitle of "Graveyard Edition". This version features a few exclusives such as full-screen video (other versions have the FMV boxed in), improved video quality, a difficulty select (ranging from normal to bloodthirsty to cannibal), items and power-ups that drop down from the top of the screen and can be shot and collected, and "in your face" zombie attacks. These attacks involve a zombie that pops up immediately in front of the "camera" and attacks the player. They can only be killed with armor-piercing rounds or Datura rounds. The Saturn version is also the only version of the game to lack light gun support (though there is no mention of light guns in the manual or packaging for the 3DO version, it does in fact include light gun support).

Reception
Reviewing the Sega CD version, GamePro remarked that "This frisky first-person blast-a-thon looks and feels like a bad live-action movie. But your taste for 'bad' just might bring this Corpse to life." They particularly praised the B-movie production values, "typically grainy but stylish" FMV graphics, and the effective controls even when using a standard gamepad instead of a light gun.

In their review of the 32X version, the four reviewers of Electronic Gaming Monthly said that the "campy, bad b-movie" cutscenes are entertaining but the gameplay is dull, and that the graphics are only slightly improved from the Sega CD version. Next Generation commented that the game itself is "decent", but that the improvement in graphics over the Sega CD version "is so small that only an expert could notice." GamePro reviewed that the 32X version retains the elements that made the Sega CD version fun and has far better graphics.

Electronic Gaming Monthly reversed their position on the game's cutscenes when reviewing the Saturn version, with all save Andrew Baran now saying that the scenes are dull and repetitive. They also criticized the substandard video quality of the FMV and the "laughable" gameplay. GamePro's brief review, while acknowledging the FMV is grainy, noted it was at least superior to any previous version of the game. The reviewer praised the cursor movement's easy control and concluded, "This'll do for zombified Saturn gamers." A brief review from Next Generation published over a year after the game's release criticized the "Cheesy graphics and extremely repetitious gameplay". In 1995, MegaZone included Corpse Killer in their Top 50 Games In History writing: "Great full-motion video and a silly-but-fun plot."

Re-release
William Mesa, Flash Film Works and Screaming Villains remastered the game from the original source material in 2019 and re-released it as a "25th Anniversary Edition" for Steam, and PlayStation 4. It was also released in physical PS4 media by Limited Run Games. The new version contained several hours' worth of behind-the-scenes video from the original production as well as hundreds of still images, the original production script and other assorted documents.

title: Corpse Killer


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Ulithian language

Ulithian is the language spoken on Ulithi Atoll and neighboring islands. Ulithian is one of the six official languages of the Federated States of Micronesia. There are some 3,000 speakers, although only 700 of these live on Ulithi Atoll.

In 2010, a UlithianEnglish and EnglishUlithian dictionary was published by Habele, a US-based charity. The authors' stated aim was to create a consistent and intuitive pattern of Roman alphabet spelling useful for both native Ulithian and native English speakers.

History
Ulithian is a language spoken in Micronesia. The specific islands that Ulithian is spoken in are Ulithi, Ngulu, Sorol, Fais Islands and Eastern Caroline Islands. There are also a few speakers that can be found in the United States. Ulithian has about 3039 speakers, 700 of which reside in Ulithi itself. Many of the other Pacific languages spoken in the surrounding islands are similar to Ulithian which makes it easier for others to understand. In a way, it is a universal language for the area. The people who live in and around Ulithi are classified as Micronesians. Their appearances greatly vary because of all the different people who passed through the area over time. Ulithi has a strong democracy with a king by name voted by the people. Because the Ulithian language is so widely recognized, it holds a good status in the islands. It is also one of the six official languages in the Federated States of Micronesia.

Consonants
may also be heard as.

Vowels
Ulithian has eight vowels which is a large amount for a Pacific language, innovating from a former system of five plain vowels in Proto-Oceanic. They are, , , , , , ,. They are spelled, , , , , , ,.

Reduplication
Full reduplication can be used in many ways. It can be used to show a stronger emotion, for example, sig means 'jealous' and sigsig means 'short-tempered' or 'easily set off'. It can also be used for similar things; for example, bbech means 'the color white', and bbechbbech is 'glare' or 'the reflection of the sun'.

Indigenous vocabulary

 * mwaal – man
 * fafel – woman
 * mongoi – eat
 * maesoer – sleep
 * bichikkar – hot
 * halloefong – cold
 * nguuch – bored

Loanwords
At various times, Spain, Germany, Japan, and the United States had control over the islands of Ulithi. Each one of these groups left behind words that have been evolved and are now used in the Ulithian language. Linguists have used these words to trace back what items each group introduced to Ulithi.

Spain has had an influence in Ulithi since the early 1500s. They left behind things like foods, religious terms, and animals. Some examples of words from Spanish:

Since Spain passed through Ulithi for such a long period of time, the words they left were used because they actually left behind those things. Foods like the potato and squash were brought by the Spanish, so Ulithian uses words based on the Spanish words for them. Spain was also Catholic, so Catholic terms were left behind.

Japan occupied Ulithi during the time of World War I and left during or after World War II. Before the World Wars, Japan traded with Ulithi. Since the two countries were trade partners, they needed to know how to communicate. Every so often, young boys would learn the basics of Japanese and because of this, "it is not at all difficult today to find Ulithians who speak and write a bit of Japanese". An example of a word from Japan is denwa, which Ulithian changed to dengwa which means 'telephone'. Japan had such a big impact that the word for battery, denchi, remained the same in Ulithian.

Germany did not occupy Ulithi for long, so they left the least influence and there are almost no words that were left behind and still used. One of the few words that got carried over is mark, a German coin which turned into mak, what Ulithians call the U.S. half dollar.

In 1944, the U.S. task force arrived in Ulithi and there has been an abundance of English loan words since then. The most impact English is having on Ulithian is through the school systems. Words such as 'homework' and 'campus' which in Ulithian are homwork and kampus are very similar.

There are some loan words that have become the official word in Ulithian, but others are used in place of another word. The Spanish word flores, which means 'flower', was taken and used by Ulithian speakers as floras. According to the Ulithian-English Dictionary written by Neil Mellen and John Hancock, the general word for 'flowers' is floraas, which is close to what is stated in the journal. While the word for 'flower' was similar, the Spanish word for 'table', mesa, was directly taken to use in Ulithian. The Ulithian-English Dictionary says that the translation of table is tiis. This is comparable to speaking pidgin in Hawaii. There are a lot of Japanese words that the majority of people – even if they do not speak Japanese – use, such as shoyu for soy sauce and bocha for a bath.

Materials
As far as social media such as radio and television, there does not seem to be any in specifically Ulithian but there are some in other surrounding languages. Esikiel Lippwe states in a letter that radio and television stations are very important because they effectively educate and bring awareness to the people about things like health issues.

Vitality
According to Ethnologue, Ulithian is ranked at an EGIDS level of 5 which means that the language is being used vigorously, but not as a main language. It is most likely being used more by the older generation. There is a possibility of the language dying out, but it is still in good standing (Ethnologue).

title: Ulithian language


text:
User talk:Lufthmark

Welcome
Hello , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! You (Talk) 19:05, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)
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Thanks
Hello Lufthmark!

Thanks for the invitation; my University (UANL) is already there!.

Now I invite you to join the WikiProject Mexico where by the way (on the terminology section) we reached a consensus regarding the naming convention for the articles about mexican universities. See here

Regards, Abögarp 15:43, 28 March 2006 (UTC)

Cal Poly Pomona images
Greetings! I see you aware that the images of Cal Poly Pomona you uploaded were not under a free license and so not suitable for Wikipedia. As the university has contacted us about these photos, I am deleting them from the site. Thanks for your understanding; the Image use policy may help if you are wondering what images can and cannot be uploaded. Thanks, Mindspillage (spill yours?) 04:44, 30 March 2006 (UTC)

Some universities near my city
Hi Lufthmark, There´s a Tecnologico de Monterrey campus Tampico here, if you want to add it to your Userboxes list of universities here in Mexico. This university is in the state of Tamaulipas. There´s also the Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, another university here in Tampico. I don´t have time right now to tell you which other ones aren´t there. I´ll get back to you later. Will G. 16:12, 31 March 2006 (UTC)

UDG → UdeG/UAG
Sorry, it's me again.--- There are two (almost incompatible) schools in Guadalajara: UdeG (Universidad de Guadalajara), and UAG (Universidad Autonoma de Guadalajara). Check their respective websites: www.udg.mx, www.uag.mx. Please pay attention to their respective acronyms. I made appropriate templates for each school and added them to the userbox category. I think UDG is unintelligible for either alumni, so that template may be reserved for other uses.--- Cheers, Louie 04:55, 8 April 2006 (UTC)

Hi Lufthmark
Hi,the mexican schools userboxes are great, congrats!, I wold like if you can make one from CETYS Universidad and Preparatoria, and CEIM (centro escolar integral de mexicali), both are in Mexicali, Mexico, I would love if you can make them :P, Cetys colours are Black, Gold and White, and CEIM are Green and White, thank you congrats! {Sarah sofía 04:50, 12 April 2006 (UTC)}

Thank You Lufthmark
Hi thank you for the userbox from CETYS, about CEIM, CEIM means: Centro Escolar Integral de Mexicali, the colors of CEIM are Green that is this type of green found in this link: http://www.bigbaer.com/reference/colors/green_008000.gif, and White. Thank You -- Cheers!. Sarah sofía 20:44, 13 April 2006 (UTC)

Userbox
the userbox from CETYS is awosme!, I liked them, thanks a lot for the userbox. Sarah sofía 01:41, 16 April 2006 (UTC)

Cal Poly Pomona logo
Hi Lufthmark. I was just wondering why you uploaded Image:Cal poly pomona-seal.JPG to replace Image:Cal poly pomona-seal.png. Typically we prefer the png format over a jpg. Let me know. --PS2pcGAMER (talk) 03:16, 28 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Hey, it is no problem at all. I was just curious if there was any reason.  --PS2pcGAMER (talk) 20:05, 28 April 2006 (UTC)

Hi Lufthmark, shouldn't the logo for Cal Poly Pomona, say "Cal Poly Pomona" (not just "Cal Poly"). Is this one perhaps from SLO? --MarsRover 15:58, 14 September 2006 (UTC)

sandbox
Hi, I moved the page Lufthmark Sandbox to User:Lufthmark/Sandbox, since it seems to me that you wanted to create your own sandbox. --Austrian 12:59, 30 April 2006 (UTC)

 * Just so you know, I went ahead and deleted the redirect under CSD R2. --PS2pcGAMER (talk) 06:15, 1 May 2006 (UTC)

Image copyright problem with Image:MXBaseballlogo.JPG
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Category:Wikipedians by alma mater: Universidad Tecnológica de México
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ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:05, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Lufthmark


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Karli Sacharowitz

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. Golbez 18:25, Jun 21, 2005 (UTC)

Karli Sacharowitz
Speedy Delete Not notable, nonsense, verified this person was not runner up in 1912 Tour De France, only 1 entry in Google. Srcrowl 19:05, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC) --- RESPONSE: Are you kidding???? So is Carly also "diminutive for Karl"? Nonsense, Karli is a girl's name. There was an Austrian Karli cyclist too, guys!
 * Speedy delete as hoax. I'm trusting your research. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  21:28, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Other than the article claims, "she" is not remembered in Austria. Furthermore, "Karli" is not a female name, but a male name (diminutive for Karl). Martg76 22:23, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete unverified, possible hoax. --Etacar11 00:04, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
Villalmanzo

Villalmanzo is a village and municipality of the province of Burgos, in the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain.

title: Villalmanzo


text:
Lois Marshall

Lois Catherine Marshall, CC (January 29, 1925 – February 19, 1997) was a Canadian soprano. Her husband, Weldon Kilburn, had been her early coach and piano accompanist.

Early life and studies; awards
Born in Toronto, Ontario, Marshall "began voice studies at age 12 with Weldon Kilburn (at the Royal Conservatory of Music in Toronto), her accompanist and coach until 1971 and to whom she was eventually married in 1968." Lois Marshall was a graduate of the University of Toronto. In 1968, Marshall was invested as a Companion of the Order of Canada but was, over her long career, the recipient of many other honours and awards, such as the University of Alberta National Award in Music (1962), the Centennial Medal (1967), a Canada Music Council Medal (1972), the Ontario Arts Council Medal of Excellence (1973), the Molson Prize (1980), the Toronto Arts Award for music (1987), a Governor General's Performing Arts Award for Lifetime Artistic Achievement (1993) and the Order of Ontario (1993). She held honorary degrees from the Universities of Toronto and Regina, and the Royal Conservatory made her an honorary fellow in 1994.

Career
She enjoyed a long career, primarily as a concert and recital singer, first as a soprano and later as a mezzo-soprano. She recorded extensively and in a very wide repertoire. Especially prized are the live recordings, which provide something of the vitality and warmth she radiated on those occasions. The lifelong effects of childhood polio severely limited her mobility, especially in later years. Nevertheless, she appeared occasionally on opera stages and in televised opera, including Boston productions especially staged for her by Sarah Caldwell. Her final performances in opera were as the old nurse in Eugene Onegin, in both Ottawa and Toronto. Early fame came with appearances and recordings with Toscanini and Beecham. For many years, she toured as the soprano soloist in the Bach Aria Group, and sang in annual Toronto performances of Messiah and St. Matthew Passion under Sir Ernest MacMillan and successive conductors of the Toronto Symphony.

Partial discography
Dates in parentheses are the dates of recording. Much of Lois Marshall's recorded legacy is held in the archives of the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Little of it, however, has been released.
 * Arias, CBC PSCD 2001 (1956–1959).
 * Bach, Johann Sebastian. Cantata 51 and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Exsultate Jubilate, Toronto Symphony, MacMillan (cond.), Hallmark, CS2 (1953/1954).
 * Bach, Johann Sebastian. Mass in B Minor, Redel (cond.) Philips 438 739-2.
 * Handel, George Frideric. Messiah, Toronto Mendelssohn Choir, MacMillan (cond.), Beaver Records, LPS 001 (1952).
 * Bach, Johann Sebastian. St. Matthew Passion, Toronto Symphony, MacMillan (cond.), Beaver Records, LPS 002 (1953).
 * Beethoven, Ludwig van. Missa Solemnis, NBC Symphony, Toscanini (cond.), RCA (1953).
 * Celebrity Recital, Lois Marshall, Radio Canada International RCI 427 (1974).
 * Elwell, Herbert. Pastorale, Toronto Symphony, MacMillan (cond.), Hallmark, CS1 (1953).
 * Folksongs of the British Isles, Marquis MAR 102 (1983).
 * Handel, George Frideric. Messiah, Toronto Symphony, MacMillan (cond.), Beaver Records, LPS 001 (1952).
 * Handel, George Frideric. Solomon, Royal Philharmonic, Beecham (cond.), [EMI] (1955–1956).
 * Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus. Die Entführung aus dem Serail, Royal Philharmonic, Beecham (cond.), EMI (1957).
 * Schubert, Franz. Die schöne Müllerin, CBC PSCD 2010 (1976).
 * Schubert, Franz. Winterreise, CBC PSCD 2011 (1979).
 * Schumann, Robert. A Schumann Recital, CBC (1978).
 * Strauss, Richard. Vier letzte Lieder, Sony SM2K 526674.
 * Strauss, Richard. "Ophelia Lieder Nos. 1-3" CBC (1962-1963), Richard Strauss - A Personal View, by Glenn Gould

title: Lois Marshall


text:
Stupid (disambiguation)

Stupid refers to stupidity, a lack of intelligence.

Stupid may also refer to:
 * Stupid (art movement), a group of artists in Cologne, Germany, in the 1920s
 * Stupid!, a UK children's television show on CBBC
 * Stupid.com, a web site
 * Stupid, the twenty-ninth chapter of Wayside School Gets A Little Stranger

Songs

 * "Stupid" (Ashnikko song), 2019
 * "Stupid" (Sarah McLachlan song), 2004
 * "Stupid", by Aitana from Tráiler, 2018
 * "Stupid", by Brockhampton from Saturation III, 2017
 * "Stupid", by G Flip from About Us, 2019
 * "Stupid", by the Game from Drillmatic – Heart vs. Mind, 2022
 * "Stupid", by Hyoyeon from Deep, 2022
 * "Stupid", by Per Gessle from The World According to Gessle, 1997
 * "Stupid", by Playaz Circle from Flight 360: The Takeoff, 2009
 * "Stupid", by Raven-Symoné from Raven-Symoné, 2008
 * "Stupid", by Tate McRae from All the Things I Never Said, 2020

title: Stupid (disambiguation)


text: User talk:84.182.183.14

title: User talk:84.182.183.14


text:
Cry Me a River (Arthur Hamilton song)

"Cry Me a River" is a popular American torch song, written by Arthur Hamilton, first published in 1953 and made famous in 1955 with the version by Julie London.

In 2001, the Julie London version of "Cry Me a River" was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.

Origins and early recordings
Arthur Hamilton later said of the song: "I had never heard the phrase. I just liked the combination of words...  Instead of 'Eat your heart out' or 'I'll get even with you,' it sounded like a good, smart retort to somebody who had hurt your feelings or broken your heart." He was initially concerned that listeners would hear a reference to the Crimea, rather than "..cry me a...", but said that "..sitting down and playing the melody and coming up with lyrics made it a nonissue."

A bluesy jazz ballad, "Cry Me a River" was originally written for Ella Fitzgerald to sing in the 1920s-set film Pete Kelly's Blues (released 1955). According to Hamilton, he and Julie London had been high school classmates, and she contacted him on behalf of her husband, Jack Webb, who was the film's director and was looking for new songs for its soundtrack. After the song was dropped from the film, Fitzgerald first released her version on Clap Hands, Here Comes Charlie! in 1961. The song was also offered to Peggy King, but Columbia Records A&R chief Mitch Miller objected to the word "plebeian" in the lyric.

The song's first release was by actress and singer Julie London on Liberty Records in 1955, backed by Barney Kessel on guitar and Ray Leatherwood on bass. London had been urged to record the song by Bobby Troup, whom she would later marry after her divorce from Webb. A performance of the song by London in the 1956 film The Girl Can't Help It, helped to make it a bestseller (reaching no. 9 on US and no. 22 on the UK Singles Chart). It became a gold record, and in 2016, it was inducted by the Library of Congress in the National Recording Registry.

Notable recordings
One site, SecondHandSongs, lists 658 recorded versions of the song (as at September 2023). Versions that charted include:
 * Marie Knight (1969) number 35 on Billboard R&B
 * Joe Cocker (live version) (1970) number 11 on Billboard
 * Mari Wilson (1983) number 27 on UK Singles Chart from Showpeople
 * Denise Welch (1995) number 23 on UK Singles Chart
 * Michael Bublé (2009) number 34 on UK Singles Chart

title: Cry Me a River (Arthur Hamilton song)


text: User talk:128.205.153.179

title: User talk:128.205.153.179


text:
Master Fatman

Morten Mabunda Lindberg (Lindberg; 23 September 1965 – 26 March 2019), also known as "Master Fatman", was a Danish media personality. He was also a comedian, taxi driver, performer, disc jockey, host, musician, singer, film maker, actor, and benefactor. In 2010, Lindberg married Herminia Mabunda from Mozambique and adopted her surname. He had five children.

Master Fatman died unexpectedly on March 26, 2019. He was 53.

Creative engagements
Lindberg was involved with underground performance art and entertainment for many years. His stage name "Master Fatman" was first chosen during a performance of his in March 1987, attempting to channel and incarnate Liberace's soul into his body. Lindberg used other stage names and alter egos, but Master Fatman eventually emerged as the most popular one.

Lindberg had a very broad range of interests and engaged with magazine writing, publishing and editing, theatre, film, tv, radio and music, usually with a good deal of humour and subtle irony, but also out of genuine artistic interest and curiosity, and an urge for creative expression. In the early 1990s, he took up an interest in acting and film making, and among his first engagements was the lowbudget short film Gayniggers from Outer Space, which later obtained a cult status. This was the first and only time Lindberg tried his hands with film directing, but he continued his film interest with acting roles and writing. In 1993, after travelling in India, Lindberg started the political party "Det Kosmiske Parti" (The Cosmic Party) and participated in the Copenhagen municipal elections as the love preaching self-styled guru Tykmesteren the following year, another stage name of his. Although close to being elected, he didn't make it, but kept evolving the cosmic guru role and was associated with it ever after. Through the later half of the 1990s and early 2000s, he edited and wrote for the underground magazine "Magasin Schäfer" along with Danish writers Martin Kongstad and Henrik List.

Master Fatman participated in the Danish Eurovision Song Contest of 1995 with his song "Jordisk Kærlighed" (Earthly Love), but didn't win. In 2006, also as Master Fatman, he competed in the third season of the dance contest Vild med dans on TV2, wearing several eye-catching costumes, including an Elvis outfit.

Lindberg travelled widely to experience the cultures of the world and he developed particularly strong ties to India, Brazil, Mozambique (and Africa in general), and France. In Brazil, where he lived for extended periods, his social indignation and concern was aroused after experiencing the Brazilian favelas and seeing how rough life was there. As a response, Lindberg eventually set up and sponsored orphanages and humanitarian child care projects in Brazil, among other engagements. With his African wife, Lindberg owned a second home in Mozambique.

Music
As a musician, Lindberg participated in numerous projects and bands, both as an instrumentalist and a singer. Projects and bands that he has been in include: Master Fatman and his Freedom Fighters, Master Fatman Guru Orchestra, Lindberg Hemmer Foundation, Nature TM and Per Kristensen Band. Most of the bands that Lindberg was involved with were out of the mainstream and only modestly popular.

Lindberg had a very broad range of musical interests, and was an avid jazz lover, in particular the Brazilian Bossa-style jazz, and he ran his own jazz program for several years on the Danish Radio (DR). He was also a frequent host at various Danish jazz events and shows.

Food
Food, especially vegetarian food, had Lindberg's interest throughout most of his life. He was himself a vegetarian since his early twenties, and he hosted several TV programs about food and cooking for the Danish National TV DR. In his radio show Croque Monsieur at Radio24syv he explored and mediated his love for the French cuisine, in particular his love for cheese and cakes, and followed it up with a cookbook in 2017.

Lindberg's image as an obese man was entirely deliberate and started out as a counterreaction to all the weight loss diets and popular ideals of being slim in the 1980s. He increased his cake consumption, drank cream and ate raw bacon as part of stage acts. Soon, a significant weight gain was achieved and it became part of his public image. Lindberg sought happiness and cosmic love, not material virtues, and to him, being slim simply didn't look good for men.

Filmography

 * Clemens Show (2000)
 * Spektrum (1994)
 * Gayniggers from Outer Space (1992)
 * Problem Child (1990)

Discography
Some of Lindberg's music has only been released on cassettes or in very limited numbers (records and cds) in underground circles. The list of substantial albums and widely circulated releases includes:
 * Master Fatman and his Freedom Fighters (1991): "Hail Hail"
 * Per Kristensen Band (1995): "Så Er Festen Forbi"
 * Lindberg Hemmer Foundation (1996): "Scandinavian supermarket-music at its very best"
 * Lindberg Hemmer Foundation (2001): "Brazilian Architecture"

As Master Fatman, Lindberg also released a number of singles, covering disco hits from the 1970s.

Literature

 * Torben Eschen (1992): "Ja, jeg tror jeg er en reinkarnation af Bobby Ewing fra Dallas : Master Fatmans livshistorie", Borgen
 * David Pepe Birch (2011): "Master Fatman", Lindhardt og Ringhof
 * Marie Holm & Morten Lindberg (2017): "Croque Monsieur", People´sPress French cooking from Lindberg's radio program Croque Monsieur.

title: Master Fatman


text:
Boa (web server)

Boa is a discontinued since 2005 open-source small-footprint web server that is suitable for embedded applications. Originally written by Paul Phillips, it was previously maintained by Larry Doolittle and Jon Nelson.

Slashdot and Fotolog use Boa to serve images.

As of its last release, Boa has the following limitations: As of 2022 Boa is still used in many embedded applications, and its known vulnerabilities have been actively exploited.
 * No access control features (HTTP Basic access authentication, etc.)
 * No chroot option (planned)
 * No Server Side Includes (deemed incompatible with server performance goals)
 * No SSL support although there are some patches against 0.94.13 that introduce SSL support

title: Boa (web server)


text:
List of rivers of Washington, D.C.

List of rivers and creeks of Washington, D.C. (District of Columbia), sorted alphabetically.

 * Anacostia River
 * Barnaby Run
 * Bennings Branch (historical)
 * Bingham Run
 * Broad Branch
 * Davis Branch (historical)
 * Deep Branch (historical)
 * Duck Creek (historical)
 * Dumbarton Oaks
 * Fenwick Branch
 * Fletchers Run
 * Fort Chaplin Tributary
 * Fort Dupont Tributary
 * Fort Stanton Tributary
 * Foundry Branch
 * Gallatin Run
 * Gillam Branch (historical)
 * Hickey Run
 * James Creek (historical)
 * Klingle Run
 * Lost Stream
 * Lower Beaverdam Creek
 * Luzon Branch
 * Maddox Branch
 * Melvin Hazen Valley Branch
 * Milkhouse Run
 * Nash Run
 * Normanstone Creek
 * Oxon Creek
 * Oxon Run
 * Pinehurst Branch
 * Piney Branch
 * Piney Run
 * Pope Branch
 * Portal Branch
 * Potomac River
 * Reedy Branch (historical)
 * Rock Creek
 * Soapstone Branch
 * Stickfoot Branch
 * Texas Avenue Tributary
 * Tiber Creek (Goose Creek)
 * Watts Branch
 * Winkle Doodle Run

title: List of rivers of Washington, D.C.


text:
Talk:No Limit Records

Untitled
Billionaire? How?
 * Just examine the statistics provided. Lajbi 11:19, 11 April 2006 (UTC)

I had the same though HOW? cuz these guys SUCK. NO TALENT RAPPERS!

This entry looks like it was written by a 12 year old.

Listen, You Guys need to stop changing Guttar Music to Gutta Music! It's GUTTAR with an R at the end, ok.. J Anyaoha 03:36, 18 April 2007 (UTC)

'''DENNIS SCHRÖDER This article did look like a 12 year old created it. Also, the statistics says millionaires. GeniusG214

yo yo yo someones got 2 make king george and big ed pages —Preceding unsigned comment added by 216.232.2.123 (talk) 01:12, 10 December 2007 (UTC)

 * Removed vandalism from the page. Sephiroth storm (talk) 15:01, 23 July 2008 (UTC)

hey. so this article is still here without any revisions?

To the wealthy
if you as someone who is for the people how about when you throw away food when the less fortunate don't have the luxury of throwing anything away so just think about tonight so shoot me an email with your thoughts on this matter ttyl. Fuzzypeach7 (talk) 08:36, 30 May 2024 (UTC)

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title: Talk:No Limit Records


text:
Domani

"Domani" (Italian for "tomorrow") is a 1955 song written by Ulpio Minucci with lyrics by Tony Velona. The melody is based on the intermezzo from the comic opera I Quattro Rusteghi by Ermanno Wolf-Ferrari.

The most popular version of the song was recorded in 1955 by Julius LaRosa, released by Cadence Records as catalog number 1265. It first reached the Billboard magazine charts on July 13, 1955 and lasted 7 weeks on the chart, peaking at #13.

The song was rendered in French - retaining the title "Domani" - by Renée Lebas; a Finnish rendering: "Huomenna", was recorded by Maynie Sirén.

Another song of the same name was released by the Twilight Singers on the "Black Is the Color of My True Love's Hair" EP and on Greg Dulli's 2005 album Amber Headlights.

Other recordings

 * Bing Crosby recorded the song in 1955 for use on his radio show and it was subsequently included in the box set The Bing Crosby CBS Radio Recordings (1954-56) issued by Mosaic Records (catalog MD7-245) in 2009.
 * Tony Martin - a single release in 1955.

title: Domani


text:
Vila Velha de Ródão

Vila Velha de Ródão is a municipality in the district of Castelo Branco in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 3,521, in an area of 329.91 km2.

The present mayor is Maria Carmo Sequeira, elected by the Socialist Party. The municipal holiday is the Monday after the 4th Sunday of August.

In 1762, it was the site of the Battle of Vila Velha.

On 5 November 2007, a road accident on A23 killed 15 people and injured 22.

Parishes
Administratively, the municipality is divided into 4 civil parishes (freguesias):
 * Fratel
 * Perais
 * Sarnadas de Ródão
 * Vila Velha de Ródão

Notable people

 * Armindo Monteiro (1896 – 1955) a university professor, businessman, diplomat and politician
 * Manuel Cargaleiro (born 1927 in Vila Velha de Ródão) an artist who creates ceramic and painting

Powerboat Racing
In October 2020, Vila Velha de Ródão hosted the final two rounds of the UIM F2 World Championship. The series was won by Portuguese driver Duarte Benavente.

title: Vila Velha de Ródão


text: User:Jacinthe

title: User:Jacinthe


text:
User talk:Mrt1212

Welcome
Hello , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! You (Talk) 19:09, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

title: User talk:Mrt1212


text:
Höga Kusten Bridge

The High Coast Bridge (Högakustenbron), also known as the Veda Bridge (Vedabron), is a suspension bridge crossing the mouth of the river Ångermanälven near Veda, on the border between the municipalities of Härnösand and Kramfors in the province of Ångermanland in northern Sweden. The area is often referred to as High Coast, hence its name. The older bridge across the same river is the Sandö Bridge, in a new extension of the European route E4. It is (as of 2016) the third longest suspension bridge in Scandinavia (after the Great Belt Fixed Link in Denmark and Hardanger Bridge in Norway), the fourth longest in Europe, and the 21st longest of the world.

The total length is 1867 m, the span is 1210 m, and the column pillars are 180 m tall. The max height for ships is 40 m. The bridge was constructed between 1993 and 1997 and was officially opened on 1 December 1997 by king Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden.

The shorter name, the Veda Bridge, refers to the village Veda, which lies 1 km west of the south abutment of the bridge.

title: Höga Kusten Bridge


text:
User talk:Kazikameuk

Welcome
Hello , and welcome to Wikipedia. Thank you for your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers: I hope you enjoy editing here and being a Wikipedian! By the way, you can sign your name on Talk and vote pages using three tildes, like this: ~~~. Four tildes (~~~~) produces your name and the current date. If you have any questions, see the help pages, add a question to the village pump or ask me on my talk page. Again, welcome! You (Talk) 19:10, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * The Five Pillars of Wikipedia
 * How to edit a page
 * Editing tutorial
 * Picture tutorial
 * How to write a great article
 * Naming conventions
 * Manual of Style

Note to self
User: kazikameuk/greeting

The Game
I just lost the game.Sumthingweird 13:25, 16 February 2006 (UTC)

hello
hello. send me a email. Jay 20:52, 10 April 2006 (UTC)

Whee!
Nothing Steel359 20:01, 3 May 2006 (UTC)

WP:CVU status
The Counter-Vandalism Unit project is under consideration to be moved to and/or  status. You have been identified as a project member and your input as to this matter would be welcomed at WT:CVU. Thank you. Delivered on behalf of user:xaosflux 01:15, 10 August 2007 (UTC)

title: User talk:Kazikameuk


text:
APV

APV may refer to:

 * Actuarial present value, a probability weighted present value often used in insurance
 * Adjusted present value, a variation of the net present value (NPV)
 * Advanced Power Virtualization (renamed PowerVM), a software virtualization technique used by IBM
 * Alavuden Peli-Veikot, a multi-sport club in Alavus, Finland
 * Allen Parkway Village, a housing development in Fourth Ward, Houston
 * Apple Valley Airport (California), from its IATA airport code
 * Approach Procedure with Vertical guidance, a type of Instrument approach in aviation
 * APV (NMDAR antagonist), or AP5, a selective NMDA receptor antagonist
 * APV plc, a former company making process equipment
 * Asia Pacific Vision, a television content provider
 * Chevrolet Lumina APV, a minivan manufactured and marketed by General Motors
 * Suzuki APV, a microvan manufactured and marketed by Suzuki
 * Amazon Prime Video
 * Armored protected vehicle, a kind of armoured fighting vehicle
 * A US Navy hull classification symbol: Transport and aircraft ferry (APV)

title: APV


text:
Talk:Professor Chronotis

Untitled
Isn't "Reg" just short for "Regius", as in Regius Professor?

Sounds like a Tom Baker/Douglas Adams joke to me! PaulHammond 19:11, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)

 * It wasn't in Shada - must have been in Dirk Gently. --khaosworks 19:14, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)

Daniel Joyce?
Have Orman/Blum confirmed that Daniel Joyce in Unnatural History is Professor Chronotis? I thought that Joyce was supposed to be the Doctor's father — the "Ulysses" of the abandoned Leekley script of the TV movie. (Ulysses/Joyce... get it?) —Josiah Rowe (talk • contribs) 05:22, 13 November 2005 (UTC)
 * Considering the other connections between The Infinity Doctors and Unatural History, you're probably right. We ought to clarify that.--Sean|Bla ck 05:43, 13 November 2005 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Chronotis (Shada).png
Image:Chronotis (Shada).png is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 05:11, 2 January 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Professor Chronotis


text:
Langkawi International Maritime and Aerospace Exhibition

Langkawi International Maritime and Aerospace Exhibition (LIMA; Pameran Aeroangkasa dan Maritim Antarabangsa Langkawi) is a maritime and aerospace exhibition which takes place once every two years, held on odd-numbered years. It is held in Langkawi, Malaysia, and the last event took place in 2023. The event is supported by the Malaysian government and industry associations.

LIMA is one of the largest maritime and aerospace exhibitions in the Asia-Pacific region; it is focused mainly on the defence industry, but also supports civilian industries. In 2013, LIMA recorded an overall growth of 10%, with 433 exhibitors from thirty-one countries, 333 defence delegations from thirty-eight countries, 632 media personnel from 127 agencies, sixty-eight ships, and seventy-eight aircraft attending the show. The five-day event also saw 38,421 trade visitors from both defence and commercial sectors from all around the world, as well as 135,691 public visitors.

The exhibitors involved in the event exhibit their products inside the purpose built Mahsuri International Exhibition Centre (MIEC), adjacent to the terminal at Langkawi International Airport. The maritime exhibitions take place at Resorts World Langkawi, while the aerospace exhibitions take place at the Langkawi International Airport. The venues are all in close proximity to each other.

History
Langkawi International Maritime and Aerospace Exhibition began in 1991, with slightly over 100 exhibiting companies with the aim of making Langkawi the venue for light and experimental aircraft to fly unhampered by heavy traffic, modelled after the EAA Air Venture in the United States. LIMA has now expanded into maritime exhibitions, and is also one of Asia-Pacific's largest maritime and air exhibitions. Nowadays, a four-hour flying display is held daily throughout the show.

LIMA 2003
The LIMA 2003 exhibition generated business totalling RM 2.182 billion (US$ 575 million) through thirty contracts, letters of offer and acceptance or intent, and memorandums of understanding.

LIMA 2005
LIMA 2005 witnessed a signing of RM 4 billion worth of contracts in maritime and aerospace items. According to the then Defence Minister Datuk Seri Haji Najib Razak that the amount included defence contract RM 3.2 billion, letters of offer worth RM 403 million and letters of intent worth RM 344 million. Najib Razak said that a major portion of the contracts sealed this time was related to the purchase of Airbus A400M aircraft for the Royal Malaysian Air Force, which amounted to RM 2.8 billion including the equipment.

LIMA 2007
LIMA 2007 was the successor to LIMA 2005. The air and maritime exhibition mainly consisted of the same concepts.

LIMA 2013
The biennial Langkawi International Maritime and Aerospace 2013, was launched on 27 March 2013. The show started with a display of air stunts by the Royal Malaysian Air Force. Among the VIPs who were present was Raja Muda of Perlis Tuanku Syed Faizuddin Putra Jamalullail, Raja Puan Muda Tuanku Hajah Lailatul Shahreen Akashah Khalil, and their two children.

LIMA 2013 recorded an overall growth of 10%. 433 exhibitors from thirty-one countries, 333 defence delegations from thirty-eight countries, 632 media personnel from 127 agencies, sixty-eight ships, and seventy-eight aircraft attended the show. The five-day event also saw 38,421 trade visitors from both defence and commercial sectors from all around the world, as well as 135,691 public visitors.

Daily airshows and maritime stunts were staged for visitors. The shows are conducted by local and foreign military personnel. Vehicles included Zodiac and CB90 boats, Super Lynx and Fennec helicopters. The Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency showcased its Kilat and Petir boats with their Agusta Westland, Dauphin and Bombardier aircraft.

LIMA 2013 was hoped to be the cleanest exhibition ever, as the organisers had hired a firm with 150 workers to conduct the cleaning and waste managing throughout the event.

LIMA 2013 witnessed the signing of twenty-four contracts that amounted to RM 4.271 billion, boosting the Malaysian defence technology industry.

LIMA 2015
LIMA 2015 was inaugurated on 17 March 2015, and concluded on the 21st. Dassault Aviation had a successful bid, the Malaysian Government expressed interest in buying some of the Dassault Rafale jet aircraft.

LIMA 2017
LIMA 2017 saw over 180,000 visitors, compared to about 175,000 visitors during LIMA 2015, it is expected that there will be a 10% larger crowd during LIMA 2019. LIMA 2017 recorded 555 exhibitors from thirty-six countries, compared to 512 from thirty-six countries in LIMA 2015. The value of contracts and agreements signed this time also rose to about RM 3.7 billion, an increase of 81% from the RM 2 billion, while twelve memorandums of understanding, eleven contracts, seven letters of agreement, and five letters of intent signed were signed.

LIMA 2019
Prime minister Mahathir launched LIMA 2019 after regained his power. He also launched the first edition of LIMA in 1991 when he was the fourth prime minister.

LIMA 2023
Defence minister Hishammuddin Hussein announced that LIMA 2023 will be held on 23 to 27 May 2023. Around 600 exhibitors from twenty countries are expected to take part in this edition. Aerobatic teams from various air forces, such as the Black Eagles, August 1st, Jupiter Aerobatic Team, Russian Knights, and the Al Fursan took part in the aerobatic display.


text:
User talk:Bjwebb/Ninth Doctor

Companions
Should companions be a section, or a subsection of the Overview article? Personally I think that it should be on its own as it longer than the rest of the overview section. --bjwebb 19:12, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Yeah, section on its own would probably be appropriate. --khaosworks 19:15, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Bjwebb/Ninth Doctor


text:
P/poly

In computational complexity theory, P/poly is a complexity class representing problems that can be solved by small circuits. More precisely, it is the set of formal languages that have polynomial-size circuit families. It can also be defined equivalently in terms of Turing machines with advice, extra information supplied to the Turing machine along with its input, that may depend on the input length but not on the input itself. In this formulation, P/poly is the class of decision problems that can be solved by a polynomial-time Turing machine with advice strings of length polynomial in the input size. These two different definitions make P/poly central to circuit complexity and non-uniform complexity.

For example, the popular Miller–Rabin primality test can be formulated as a P/poly algorithm: the "advice" is a list of candidate values to test. It is possible to precompute a list of $$O(n)$$ values such that every composite $$n$$-bit number will be certain to have a witness $$a$$ in the list. For example, to correctly determine the primality of 32-bit numbers, it is enough to test $$a\in\{2,7,61\}$$. The existence of short lists of candidate witnesses follows from the fact that for each composite $$n$$, three out of four candidate values successfully detect that $$n$$ is composite. From this, a simple counting argument similar to the one in the proof that BPP $$\subset$$ P/poly below shows that there exists a suitable list of candidate values for every input size, and more strongly that most long-enough lists of candidate values will work correctly, although finding a list that is guaranteed to work may be expensive.

P/poly, unlike other polynomial-time classes such as P or BPP, is not generally considered a practical class for computing. Indeed, it contains every undecidable unary language, none of which can be solved in general by real computers. On the other hand, if the input length is bounded by a relatively small number and the advice strings are short, it can be used to model practical algorithms with a separate expensive preprocessing phase and a fast processing phase, as in the Miller–Rabin example.

Formal definition
The complexity class P/poly can be defined in terms of SIZE as follows:

 * $$\mathsf{P/poly} = \cup_{c\in\mathbb{N}} \mathsf{SIZE}(n^c).$$

where $$\mathsf{SIZE}(n^c)$$ is the set of decision problems that can be solved by polynomial-sized circuit families.

Alternatively, $$\mathsf{P/poly}$$ can be defined using Turing machines that "take advice". Such a machine has, for each $n$, an advice string $$\alpha_n$$, which it is allowed to use in its computation whenever the input has size $n$.

Let $$T,a: \mathbb{N} \rightarrow \mathbb{N}$$ be functions. The class of languages decidable by time-T(n) Turing machines with $$a(n)$$ advice, denoted $$\mathsf{DTIME}(T(n))/a(n)$$, contains every language L such that there exists a sequence $$\{\alpha_n\}_{n \in \mathbb{N}}$$ of strings with $$\alpha_n \in \{0, 1\}^{a(n)}$$ and a TM M satisfying

 * $$M(x, \alpha_n) = 1 \Leftrightarrow x \in L$$

for every $$x \in \{0, 1\}^n$$, where on input $$(x, \alpha_n)$$ the machine M runs for at most $$O(T(n))$$ steps.

Importance of P/poly
P/poly is an important class for several reasons. For theoretical computer science, there are several important properties that depend on P/poly:

 * If NP ⊆ P/poly then PH (the polynomial hierarchy) collapses to $$\Sigma_2^{\mathsf P}$$. This result is the Karp–Lipton theorem; furthermore, NP ⊆ P/poly implies AM = MA
 * If PSPACE ⊆ P/poly then $$\mathsf{PSPACE} = \Sigma_2^{\mathsf P} \cap \Pi_2^{\mathsf P}$$, even PSPACE = MA.
 * Proof: Consider a language L from PSPACE. It is known that there exists an interactive proof system for L, where actions of the prover can be carried out by a PSPACE machine. By assumption, the prover can be replaced by a polynomial-size circuit. Therefore, L has a MA protocol: Merlin sends the circuit as proof, and Arthur can simulate the IP protocol himself without any additional help.

 * If P#P ⊆ P/poly then P#P = MA. The proof is similar to above, based on an interactive protocol for permanent and #P-completeness of permanent.
 * If EXPTIME ⊆ P/poly then $$\mathsf{EXPTIME} =\Sigma_2^{\mathsf P} \cap \Pi_2^{\mathsf P}$$ (Meyer's theorem), even EXPTIME = MA.
 * If NEXPTIME ⊆ P/poly then NEXPTIME = EXPTIME, even NEXPTIME = MA. Conversely, NEXPTIME = MA implies NEXPTIME ⊆ P/poly
 * If EXPNP ⊆ P/poly then $$\mathsf{EXP^{NP}} = \Sigma_2^{\mathsf P} \cap \Pi_2^{\mathsf P}$$ (Buhrman, Homer)
 * It is known that MAEXP, an exponential version of MA, is not contained in P/poly.
 * Proof: If MAEXP ⊆ P/poly then PSPACE = MA (see above). By padding, EXPSPACE = MAEXP, therefore EXPSPACE ⊆ P/poly but this can be proven false with diagonalization.

One of the most interesting reasons that P/poly is important is the property that if NP is not a subset of P/poly, then P ≠ NP. This observation was the center of many attempts to prove P ≠ NP. It is known that for a random oracle A, NPA is not a subset of PA/poly with probability 1.

P/poly is also used in the field of cryptography. Security is often defined 'against' P/poly adversaries. Besides including most practical models of computation like BPP, this also admits the possibility that adversaries can do heavy precomputation for inputs up to a certain length, as in the construction of rainbow tables.

Although not all languages in P/poly are sparse languages, there is a polynomial-time Turing reduction from any language in P/poly to a sparse language.

Bounded-error probabilistic polynomial is contained in P/poly
Adleman's theorem states that BPP ⊆ P/poly, where BPP is the set of problems solvable with randomized algorithms with two-sided error in polynomial time. A weaker result was initially proven by Leonard Adleman, namely, that RP ⊆ P/poly; and this result was generalized to BPP ⊆ P/poly by Bennett and Gill. Variants of the theorem show that BPL is contained in L/poly and AM is contained in NP/poly.

Proof
Let L be a language in BPP, and let M(x,r) be a polynomial-time algorithm that decides L with error ≤ 1/3 (where x is the input string and r is a set of random bits).

Construct a new machine M'(x,R), which runs M 48n times and takes a majority vote of the results (where n is the input length and R is a sequence of 48n independently random rs). Thus, M' is also polynomial-time, and has an error probability ≤ 1/en by the Chernoff bound (see BPP). If we can fix R then we obtain an algorithm that is deterministic.

If $$\mbox{Bad}(x)$$ is defined as $$\{R: M'(x, R) \text{ is incorrect}\}$$, we have:

 * $$\forall x\, \mbox{Prob}_R[R \in \mbox{Bad}(x)] \leq \frac{1}{e^n}.$$

The input size is n, so there are 2n possible inputs. Thus, by the union bound, the probability that a random R is bad for at least one input x is

 * $$\mbox{Prob}_R [\exists x\,R \in \mbox{Bad}(x)] \leq \frac{2^n}{e^n} < 1.$$

In words, the probability that R is bad for some x is less than 1, therefore there must be an R that is good for all x. Take such an R to be the advice string in our P/poly algorithm.

title: P/poly