text:
Talk:Propylene

Title
The article title has been changed despite the fact that it no longer is in harmony with the text (inserted by several different editors). The article is most consistent with "propene" as the title. I would like it to revert to propene.--AssegaiAli (talk) 19:46, 7 March 2008 (UTC)

I agree - the article is all about propene anyway. As a student, I only learn about propene and I find the -ylene names confusing.--212.74.26.3 (talk) 14:16, 22 March 2008 (UTC)

The of this article: Propene v. Propylene
... is currently being discussed here. Yilloslime (t) 04:04, 24 April 2008 (UTC) is propene is extracted from natural gas —Preceding unsigned comment added by Bbhadauria (talk • contribs) 11:47, 29 January 2009 (UTC)

Continued reverts
This user VMS Mosaic who is not a contributor to this article nor has ever raised the issue on this talk page is repeatedly reverting text to reflect the spelling in the (wholly overwritten) stub version of the article. He is a source of repeated controversy on this issue as his talk page bears out, see [|here]. Can I ask genuine contributors please to use the discussion page should controversial changes be embarked upon--AssegaiAli (talk) 18:30, 16 August 2008 (UTC)
 * The page is now protected from editing—please work it out instead of reverting one another. However frustrating this may be, saying "WP:ENGVAR is not relevant - text is mine and I use BrEng/Infobox too" as you did in your edit summary is, if you'll excuse me, preposterous. The text is not yours. The whole purpose of WP:ENGVAR is to prevent lame edit wars such as this one, not to fuel them. Fvasconcellos (t·c) 18:46, 16 August 2008 (UTC)

 * None of my other hundreds of WP:ENGVAR edits since December 2007 have created controversy. I have made at least a thousand WP:ENGVAR edits, and only a very few were ever decided to be incorrect.  Just today, two other established editors have reverted this article's spelling to American. I was not going to revert it a second time today because the issue has now become edit warring. There is a short discussion with AssegaiAli on my talk page where I explained my position regarding WP:ENGVAR per this article. He chose not to continue the discussion there. VMS Mosaic (talk) 18:50, 16 August 2008 (UTC)

Not true - on your talk page you have been asked to take care over ENGVAR interventions! You would be advised to follow that advice.--AssegaiAli (talk) 18:32, 18 August 2008 (UTC)
 * You are pointing out an issue which happened well over a year ago (4/07) when an issue with a "term of art" came up. Yes, agreement was reached that the "term of art" was British.  I never claimed to be infallible.  The last complaint about one of my WP:ENGVAR edits was 12/07, so yes I did take the advice and have been very careful and objective in my WP:ENGVAR edits.  VMS Mosaic (talk) 19:34, 18 August 2008 (UTC)
 * When I first looked at this article, it had a mixed spelling dialect (British and American). I checked the history per WP:ENGVAR and found the article was both started in and destubbed in American.  It was either all American or intermixed from that time on.  The article is not on a British subject, so WP:ENGVAR is clear on what dialect it should use.  VMS Mosaic (talk) 19:05, 16 August 2008 (UTC)

 * I haven't looked at every single version of this article, but it seems that the article was originally written and destubbed in American Englished, and existed that way from July 2004 until March 2008 when AssegaiAli made this edit. So, per WP:ENGVAR it should stay in American English. Also, ENGVAR aside, I think we should never use the word "Inflammable" in an article about a chemical, since the consequences of confusion over the meaning of this term could be deadly. Yilloslime (t) 20:47, 16 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Concur with this analysis of the history. And strongly concur that regardless the British vs American choice for spelling, we should always use unambiguous terms when they are available (see "Opportunities for commonality" section of ENGVAR). You can look in a dictionary to find that "inflammable" means it can burn, but even better to write "flammable" which has a more obvious meaning (and doesn't look like it means the opposite to those who aren't familiar with the term). DMacks (talk) 20:56, 16 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Hmmmm.... well I have looked at past versions - and the article has been a mixture of spellings almost from the start - i.e. June 2005 actually. The issue is not very clear cut at all. VMS Mosaic's insistent interventions are not supported by the history. In addition none of the original text exists as of this month so the article should just be left as it is--Mountwolseley (talk) 06:56, 17 August 2008 (UTC)
 * I agree with next above and disagree with DMack etc. It is quite wrong to say it was destubbed in US English. This happened [|here] and as you can see it contains both. However, the infobox, which IMHO is the main contributor to its upgrade is in BrEng. The article should stay as it is.--AssegaiAli (talk) 09:59, 17 August 2008 (UTC)
 * I don't see any British English in that version, but I admit I'm no expert. Can you point it out for me? Yilloslime (t) 16:48, 17 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Earliest form of the page is US ("color" and "odor"). insertion of the infobox used British spellings in the infobox but left US spellings in the article itself. This edit was not an entire rewrite, merely moving content from article into infobox, and it changed spellings while doing so...that's against ENGVAR (should have remained US in the infobox). These spellings (US in article, BR in infobox) then remained until AssegaiAli made this change to BR in the article text. DMacks (talk) 18:20, 17 August 2008 (UTC)

No there were Br spellings in the text as well back in 2006 before destubbing. I don't think ENGVAR is the final arbiter here. Somebody who puts in a couple of sentences to make a stub does not hold everybody else to ransom. The convention should be set at destubbing (then we could easily use ENGVAR) but since it was not - well then the Br one has prevailed so obvioulsy it should be let alone.--Mountwolseley (talk) 12:05, 18 August 2008 (UTC)
 * The history is not as clear cut as I'd like because the infobox did use British for a period of time after it was added continuing beyond the destubbing (which was hard to follow given the stub tags being moved and changed repeatedly). However, the article has been continuously intermixed since the first edit adding British spellings.  "Synthesized" was spelled American until after the edit war started and was removed from the article once I pointed out that fact.  If the article history does not show per WP:ENGVAR which variety the article is written in, then the final sentence of WP:ENGVAR(Retaining the existing variety) applies. If that is the case, then I claim to be the first editor who disambiguated the variety (to American English).  The editor who added the infobox did not disambiguate the article per WP:ENGVAR and therefore cannot claim to be the first major contributor in regard to WP:ENGVAR particulary given the fact that he changed the spellings in violation of WP:ENGVAR when he moved the words from the text to the infobox.

 * In short, the article started in American English, became intermixed, and remained intermixed until I disambiguated the spelling per WP:ENGVAR. Unless I am mistaken in this analysis of the edit history, the article should be restored to and remain in American English. VMS Mosaic (talk) 20:33, 17 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Not clear cut yes - exactly why no one should be carrying out interventions and reverts willy-nilly and without raising any discussions beforehand! In any case VMS Mosaic is quite wrong US spelling was not the predominant one at the time of destubbing (let's make that quite clear) and it has not been predominant at any time since either. In fact Commonwealth spelling has predominated throughout.
 * The fact that one US spelling form survived has usually been a reason for removing it elsewhere in WP but here it is being used as the spurious excuse for changing everything else . No the article should stay as it is--Mountwolseley (talk) 11:38, 18 August 2008 (UTC)

 * The folks claiming that this article was a mix of British and American English from the get go need to provide specific examples of words and versions, because I and others have looked at older versions of the article and not been able to find any instances of British English other than the infobox prior to Assegai coming along. Up to now this discussion has been quite silly and useless, with one faction claiming the article always has had some British spellings, and another claiming it hasn't. If people would provided actual evidence, we could have settled this already. And since one cannot prove a negative, the burden is in on the "yes there always was British English" crowd to prove their contention. Let's establish the facts first, then argue about how to apply WP:ENGVAR or common sense or whatever. Yilloslime (t) 15:44, 18 August 2008 (UTC)

The history is more than clear cut enough, just not perfectly clear cut. When I found the article it had three British and two American spellings. The spelling proportions have remained about the same since British was first added including at the destubbing. No spelling has been predominate since WP:ENGVAR was first violated. I have made more than a thousand WP:ENGVAR edits/reverts and do not have the time to open a discussion on each and every one of them. The history was more than clear enough to apply WP:ENGVAR without discussion. Unfortunately I have had to leave several large articles in an intermixed state because the histories were not clear, and I knew an idiotic debate like this one would occur.

 * 1. The article was all American English from the start in 7/04 to 6/05.
 * 2. There has never been a time (until the edit war) when the article has been predominantly British especially considering that the number of words with a variant spelling has usually been about five. I believe British never exceeded American by more than one (possibly two; I checked the entire history but could have missed something).

Unfortunately, some people here are looking for any excuse to ignore WP:ENGVAR. Once more: the article started in American, became intermixed and stayed that way without either spelling ever predominating. To make the article all British at this point would ignore the whole point of WP:ENGVAR. Unfortunately, some here have taken the position that WP:ENGVAR is not relevant and that article ownership should be what matters (in sprite of WP:OWN).

I agree with User:Yilloslime that it needs to be proved that British English has been the predominate spelling since the destubbing (by more than just one word). Actually it is a little silly to even talk about which predominated given the small numbers involved, and that what needs to be proved is if the article ever became entirely British. VMS Mosaic (talk) 17:58, 18 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Fantastic points - if you have nothing new to say just repeat it all at great length......

"No spelling has been predominant" and then you say that Br has exceeded US (go & look up predominant.) Then - the article's state at destubbing prompted your intervention - quietly dropped when that contradicts your argument. Obviously VMS Mosaic believes that the ones who disagree with him should prove him wrong. Not so fast matey - you started this by swanning in and making changes. You prove yourself. So far you've changed your story several times. In addition if this is an "idiotic debate" - then why are you taking part in it? Unfortunately some people here are so used to getting their own way that when someone disagrees with them, they think that nobody is as correct as they are. ENGVAR assumes that consensus is reached - by the time it is destubbed is a good choice (avoids a couple of random opening sentences determining the whole future). In this case it was not so your argument does not hold. One form prevailed with the exception of one word that is no longer present. That form is the one that should be left--AssegaiAli (talk) 18:32, 18 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Actually, "use whatever's already present" is essentially what ENGVAR does say, and I don't see anything about "unless someone else adds a huge chunk of content that uses the other variant". The instant/edit you have chosen of destubbing is poor IMO precisely because that was about the time the mix was created (not switched, but pure mixing). If you don't think "use page's own precedent unless there's a reason to choose some specific variant" is a good idea, that sounds like a broader concern than this page, and you should definitely bring it up on the ENGVAR talk-page. DMacks (talk) 19:06, 18 August 2008 (UTC)
 * (clicked "save" too soon). The guideline of "use whatever form at the time of destubbing" is a good one--if there was a clear-cut point when the article went from "essentially nothing" to "start class at least". But the recent edit that removed the stub-tag was pretty late...the article already had lots of content and the edit that gave it more (which I assume is what is being claimed as the destubbing edit) really didn't add massively more content (less than doubled it). Seems like the article kind of grew up and nobody cared about the long-standing mix or the presence of a stub-tag well after the article had actual content. DMacks (talk) 19:18, 18 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Assegai, 217, etc.: The article was created in American English and existed that way until the infobox was added, when it became mixed. If you can provide evidence to the contrary, please do. Please do not simply repeat yourself, as this won't get us anywhere. Yilloslime (t) 19:31, 18 August 2008 (UTC)

 * To DMacks that destubbing is not the operative one, it was [|here] by Ksbrown when Commonwealth English existed in both text and box and US English in text. Perhaps destubbing was early or late but we can't tell now. The moment, as you say, was missed to set the convention definitely. Instead it has evolved in one direction. That is why it should stay as it is. --AssegaiAli (talk) 20:02, 18 August 2008 (UTC)
 * For what it is worth, the spelling count in [|here] is four to four unless I am missing something.VMS Mosaic (talk) 20:29, 18 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Can you indulge me for just moment? For Am Eng, I see "colorless" "odorless" "odor" and "synthesized." For Br Eng, I find "colourless" "odourless" and "vapour". What am I missing? Yilloslime (t) 20:42, 18 August 2008 (UTC)
 * "behaviour". In an easy place to miss it. VMS Mosaic (talk) 21:01, 18 August 2008 (UTC)
 * A-ha. Thanks! Yilloslime (t) 21:20, 18 August 2008 (UTC)

Why don't we just vote and settle the matter sooner rather than later. It seems to be taking an inordinate amount of time and effort to understand and apply policy. All we need is to choose between American and British and make it clear to all future editors that this must be followed. It's not like American and British English are so different that anyone will be confused about the meaning of the words in question. Then we can all focus on the important thing - content!

Ben (talk) 19:35, 18 August 2008 (UTC)

 * A vote may be the only solution, particulary now that we have reached the point of debating the meaning of "predominate". If we used User:AssegaiAli's meaning, then the final sentence of WP:ENGVAR(Retaining the existing variety) would have no meaning except when the number of spelling variants was exactly equal. That is clearly not what that final sentence means.  We will end up just going in endless circles if we have to debate the exact meaning of every word.

 * One question for all the British hardliners. Where were you when the article was clearly intermixed? Why did none of you apply WP:ENGVAR?  Why was it okay to leave American spellings? VMS Mosaic (talk) 19:52, 18 August 2008 (UTC)

To the editor above - kindly stop criticising other editors and describing people who disagree with you as hardliners. This is enflaming the issue. --Mountwolseley (talk) 22:12, 18 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Pot Kettle Black. My edits were "insistent"? Other than the possible poor use of the word "hardliner", where did I criticize anyone in that comment?

 * I am still interested in knowing why the article was allowed to continue undisambiguated, but the minute an editor tried to disambiguate it with a good faith edit, the article suddenly had to be all British or else. VMS Mosaic (talk) 17:17, 19 August 2008 (UTC)

 * I would assent to a binding vote if it comes to it, but I predict that it's not going to solve anything because at least one of the following things will happen:
 * Not everyone will agree to a vote
 * One or more previously involved editors will vanish during the voting, only to come back after it has concluded and claim that the vote doesn't count since not all interested parties were able to participate.
 * Those on the "losing side" will claim (correctly) that casting votes does not allow editors to sidestep policy. The "winning side" will point out that WP:ENGVAR is just a guideline.
 * Sorry if that sounds cynical. I would love to be proven wrong and see a vote happen without any of the above nonsense happening. Yilloslime (t) 20:36, 18 August 2008 (UTC)
 * We could ask for a mediator. All involved would have to agree which I suspect would be unlikely. I just want the issue resolved one way or the other as long as WP rules and practices are followed. VMS Mosaic (talk) 20:43, 18 August 2008 (UTC)

This is not about spelling or about WP policies at all. This is about arrogance isn't it. Some people show this more clearly than others though, a) saying that explaining their actions to others is "idiotic" or "silly";

b) dismissing criticism of poor use of a word as having its meaning "debated"; (why not this is supposed to be an encyclopedia)

c) describing people with similarly strong yet opposite views as "hardliners". Intelligent people would just drop this. No further comment--79.70.254.194 (talk) 10:01, 19 August 2008 (UTC)

 * WP:ENGVAR debates are the prime example used by Wikipedia as "lame" (aka idiotic) which is the word I should have used but chose another because "lame" had already been used here by the editor who protected the page.

 * To extend a lame discussion by debating the exact meaning of each and every word is, well, lame. It is often simply a way to avoid the actual issue(s).

 * At this point I don't care which way the spelling ends. What I care about is that WP rules and practices be followed. I believe the main issue is actually WP:OWN because at least one editor seems to believe he "owns" the article. A secondary issue is WP:GOODFAITH.  My initial edit was done in good faith but has been treated almost like it was vandalism (primarily I think due to ownership issues).

 * Your comments are at least as arrogant as anyone else's here (i.e., if I were intelligent, I would shut up and go alway).

 * Yes, I may have made better word selections, but some of them were prompted by trolling comments which have since been removed. And yes, I do not believe it would be too far from the truth to say I was a "hardliner" when it comes to following WP rules and practices. VMS Mosaic (talk) 17:17, 19 August 2008 (UTC)

I see nothing to indicate this issue will be settled anytime soon, so we need to ask an administrator to set the protection to indefinite. VMS Mosaic (talk) 17:27, 22 August 2008 (UTC)

 * So long as you guys are NOT revert-warring on the article page, that is quite unnecessary. I trust that all parties will sort this out HERE and not on the article? --Rifleman 82 (talk) 17:42, 22 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Agreed. So far edit-warring has not re-commenced, and I have some non-ENGVAR and hopefully non-controversial updates I'd like to make, so I'd like to see the page remain unprotected. If warring breaks out, it can always be re-protected. I see no reason act preemptively.

 * The problem is that the ones in favor of leaving the article as is are no longer responding. I fear that the only way to get a response would be a revert back to the state at which the edit war started.  I'd be happy to continue the discussion without the protection if there was any discussion. Perhaps reverting the article back to its WP:ENGVAR state prior to my initial edit and then unprotecting it would be a solution acceptable to all. Then if any one trys to make it all British or all American without discussion, protection could be put back in place. VMS Mosaic (talk) 17:59, 22 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Nothing new has been added to discuss so the debate folded--AssegaiAli (talk) 13:04, 23 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Since no one objected or proposed a better idea, I restored the spelling state (as much as possible given the other non-WP:ENGVAR edits) to what it was prior to the edit war. Just because the debate "folded" does not mean the dispute has ended. VMS Mosaic (talk) 18:58, 23 August 2008 (UTC)
 * If you want to return to a mixed spelling per the above, I won't revert the spelling again. VMS Mosaic (talk) 03:11, 27 February 2010 (UTC)

Edit -ideas

 * "Propene has a higher density and boiling point than ethylene due to the greater size of the molecule, and the molecule has a small dipole moment even though it has no strongly polar bonds because of its reduced symmetry (its point group is Cs)."

 * Unclear what "because of" is explaining (and it sounds like it's explaining why it has no strongly polar bonds, which is obviously not the intent). Suggested replacement:

 * "Propene has a higher density and boiling point than ethylene due to the greater size of the molecule and because the molecule has a reduced symmetry and a small dipole moment (its point group is Cs) even though it has no strongly polar bonds.

 * Still wordy and maybe too much for one sentence, but at least now (IMO) correct.

 * "All propene is obtained from non-renewable sources; petroleum or natural gas deposits (and coal to a lesser extent). It is a fossil fuel."

 * Natural gas is mostly methane, which is renewable and not (or at least not only) a fossil fuel. Is it really obtainable from methane, or is it just a fossil fuel that often is found mixed with it in natural-gas wells?

DMacks (talk) 21:08, 16 August 2008 (UTC)

 * About the point group I agree or what about taking that out of the text and putting in the infobox?

 * About natural gas, well that is a mineral so is not renewable and originates from deposits of dead animals and plants, making it, I suppose, a fossil fuel. Biofuel methane itself (i.e. not natural gas) is renewable but doesn't come into this as it does not contain propene or other alkenes in it. (Although it does contain traces of other organic compounds such as dimethyl sulfide.)--AssegaiAli (talk) 09:59, 17 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Yes, point-group in the infobox would be good! Then the article itself could just be "…because the molecule has a small dipole moment." If we want to get into more structural detail, could put it elsewhere. My point about natural gas is exactly the confusion you just taked about...in common use (and per our natural gas article), it is mostly methane, which is renewable. By just saying "from natural gas wells", we're leaving it to the reader to figure out that it's a component of the mixture that is "natural gas" (or read that article) instead of relying on common knowledge of "mostly methane therefore made from methane". Again we need to be clear that it's not manufactured from methane. Otherwise the sentence might be pedantically correct, but not clear (and contradicts common-language use of terms). DMacks (talk) 18:05, 17 August 2008 (UTC)

 * The "because of" was referring to why the molecule has a dipole moment, not why it has no polar bonds. And I'm not sure that the fact that propene has a dipole moment sheds much light on it's density or bp vis-a-vis ethylene. I would suggest as an improvement: Propene has a higher density and boiling point than ethylene due its greater size. It lacks strongly polar bonds, but still has a small dipole moment due to its reduced symmetry (its point group is Cs). Thus while more symmetrical alkenes like ethylene or 2-butene are more volatile than their saturated congeners (ethane and butane, respectively), propene is less volatile than propane. Or something like that. This might be too much detail, and I'm actually not sure whether this is the usual explanation proffered to explain bp trends--it makes sense and works for C1-C3 alkenes/alkanes at least, but I haven't checked any textbooks to see if it's the official rationalization. (I would also be fine putting the point group in the infobox)
 * With regard to renewable/non-renewable, last time I checked natural gas was a fossil fuel and most methane came directly from oil wells or from petroleum, so neither are renewable. Methane can be produced from renewable sources, but very little actually is, so if we're going to make a brief passing mention of the renewability/non-renewability of propene or methane and not go into further explanation, then it would be best to say it's non-renewable and leave it at that. Yilloslime (t) 01:14, 19 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Some other ideas for improvement:
 * "and at room temperature sealed liquid canisters must be stored under greater pressure than for propane." I've never heard of this before. Is this true? If true, is this worth mentioning? I don't think this is even if its true, but perhaps others feel differently.
 * "Recently hydrogen peroxide/propene has been proposed as an inexpensive Single Stage To Orbit propellant...." Is this relevant? I have my doubts.
 * I think a reference to the Cumene process is needed somewhere, since this is an important industrial reaction involving propene. At the very least I think we need a See Also link. It's use as monomer for polypropylene is mentioned, but I think we could go into a little more detail, mentioning the Ziegler-Natta and Kaminsky catalysts, tacticity, and related concepts. I realize that these catalysts and concepts apply to higher alkenes as well, but in most textbooks the polymerization of propene is used as an example, and we might want to follow suit here. Yilloslime (t) 04:44, 19 August 2008 (UTC)

 * Figures, we have xtal properties (including space-group) but not molecular ones (point group). OTOH, we do have numeric dipole, which is nice support for the bp/density discussion. DMacks (talk) 22:02, 26 August 2008 (UTC)
 * Just a point about the pressure for the sealed canisters - it is certainly true helium and hydrogen are usually stored under highest pressure, butane under the lowest. Personally I think it is worth mentioning as it does give useful information about the properties of propene that relate to the way it is physically handled. It is also seldom mentioned in other sources of info on propene. Does anyone mind if I put it back in?(It took a few days to check the validity of the fact; hence the delay in responding.--AssegaiAli (talk) 18:16, 27 August 2008 (UTC)
 * I assume you are talking about this, which I removed: "Propene is much more volatile than propane, and at room temperature sealed liquid canisters must be stored under greater pressure than for propane." I was about to say that the first part is wrong: propane is more volatile than propene, as its bp is lower. However, I realize that I'm wrong: propene's bp is lower. So I'm going to go remove that stuff I added about it's dipole making it less volatile that propane. Still, I'm not sure that the degree of pressurization of stored cylinders is really relevant or notable, especially since once you start using the gas, the pressure in the tank with change. Yilloslime (t) 18:44, 27 August 2008 (UTC)

Molecular mass
Why is the molecular mass not shown in the properties table?77.87.224.99 (talk) 09:21, 18 November 2010 (UTC)
 * -- Ed (Edgar181) 13:49, 18 November 2010 (UTC)

Combustion
How does this gas react with excess oxygen and limited oxygen? 76.124.224.179 (talk) 18:15, 13 January 2013 (UTC)

 * -- rdmenotte (rdmenotte) 07:48, 27 November 2015 (UTC)

Link broken
The external link to the MSDS leads into Nirwana. 160.62.4.100 (talk) 13:32, 30 September 2014 (UTC)
 * . I replaced the broken link with a working one. Thanks for catching the problem and reporting it here.  -- Ed (Edgar181) 14:27, 30 September 2014 (UTC)

2-bromopropene

 * Formula of 2-bromopropene is not CH2=CH-CH2Br, but CH2=CBr-CH3.--Brane.Blokar (talk) 06:21, 10 January 2015 (UTC)

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Propene biosynthesis, not
I figured that some organism had developed a way to make propene, but SciFinder came up with few hits under "propylene biosynthesis". I found three patents on engineered organisms:
 * Propylene synthesis using engineered enzymes
 * By Silverman, Joshua A.; Purcell, Thomas Joseph
 * From U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. (2015), US 20150232886 A1 20150820.  |  Language: English, Database: CAPLUS
 * The present disclosure relates to biosynthetic methods for producing propylene and to genetically engineered organisms ..

 * Propylene synthesis using engineered enzymes derived from C1-metabolizing microorganisms
 * By Silverman, Joshua; Purcell, Thomas Joseph
 * From PCT Int. Appl. (2014), WO 2014047209 A1 20140327.  |  Language: English, Database: CAPLUS
 * A synthetic pathway for the manuf. of propylene from C1 compds. is described... convert a C1 compd. to 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA ,, crotonic acid... decarboxylation...

 * Metabolic engineering of microorganisms for producing propylene and metabolic pathways and enzymes related thereto
 * By Burgard, Anthony P.; Osterhout, Robin E.; Sun, Jun; Pharkya, Priti; Burk, Mark J.
 * From U.S. Pat. Appl. Publ. (2012), US 20120329119 A1 20121227.  |  Language: English, Database: CAPLUS
 * The invention provides non-naturally occurring microbial organisms having a propylene pathway...

So, apparently it is not made naturally. It is bioactive as a competitor with ethylene as a plant hormone. One more note: SciFinder lists ~83,601 citations for propene.--Smokefoot (talk) 17:21, 12 June 2018 (UTC)

 * I reformatted to clarify each patent's details This ref I added recently to the article says plainly "Propylene, according to GBE, has never been naturally directly produced by microorganisms", and also mentions several companies that are working on engineered enzymes to do it (predates the patents you found). DMacks (talk) 19:31, 12 June 2018 (UTC)
 * Thank you. Apparently my search term "propylene biosynthesis" was not ideal to find earlier citations.   Kind of interesting that nature overlooked this small molecule.--Smokefoot (talk) 20:09, 12 June 2018 (UTC)

Requested move 21 June 2022

 * The following is a closed discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. Editors desiring to contest the closing decision should consider a move review after discussing it on the closer's talk page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.

The result of the move request was: consensus to move the page to the proposed title at this time, per the discussion below. Dekimasu よ! 02:25, 28 June 2022 (UTC)

Propene → Propylene – The article title for this compound should be its trivial name or common name, propylene, rather than its systematic or preferred IUPAC name, propene, per WP:OCHEMNAME. Compare with ethylene versus its redirect ethene and polypropylene versus its redirect polypropene. Mdewman6 (talk) 02:12, 21 June 2022 (UTC) The discussion above is closed. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made on the appropriate discussion page. No further edits should be made to this discussion.
 * Support per nom and ngrams. BilledMammal (talk) 05:05, 21 June 2022 (UTC)
 * Support per nom. Clearly passes WP:OCHEMNAME. Tevildo (talk)
 * Support. Propylene is what earthlings call this stuff, but be prepared for pushback.--Smokefoot (talk) 22:46, 21 June 2022 (UTC)
 * Support. Consistent with article entitled ethylene versus ethene as already stated. Sandcherry (talk) 21:52, 22 June 2022 (UTC)

Production: FCC/Market... Tone
I'm new to Talk and comments, but not new to chemistry. (Or new to edits over the years). I haven't done any edits here, but found the tone of the last phrase of the last paragraph in the "Production" section leaving a reader feeling "bluntly final", regardless if it's true or not that biosynthesis is impossible...

For no apparent reason it's somewhat pessimistic or perhaps slightly negative sounding regarding biosynthesis? At the least in quite contrast to the previous paragraph. (Regarding the section: Production: FCC vs. "Market...").

It's actually where I decided to stop reading for pleasure and go back to work, frankly. That's all. This was supposed to be a quick comment. Janka441 (talk) 02:03, 14 December 2022 (UTC)
 * I tweaked the phrasing. I possibly/probably wrote the bit that bothered you somewhat.  The issue encountered in Wikipedia is so filled with idealists and tree-huggers that they often write in ways that imply that green routes are just around the corner.  That wish is usually unfounded, based on my reading.  --Smokefoot (talk) 19:47, 14 December 2022 (UTC)

Add pressure for liquid in density part of infobox
Someone please add pressure for liquid in density part of the infobox. 141.134.140.104 (talk) 01:02, 10 January 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Propylene


text:
File:CoolOnYourIslandSingle.jpg

Summary
Cover of 7" vinyl single "Cool On Your Island" by Y Kant Tori Read

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: File:CoolOnYourIslandSingle.jpg


text:
Cool on Your Island

"Cool On Your Island" is a song by the band Y Kant Tori Read, commercially released by Atlantic Records in 1988 as a 7" vinyl single and a cassette single. Two versions of a promotional 7" vinyl were also released, one with light blue labels and one with dark blue labels. The song was a commercial failure and received absolutely no critical comment. After the failure of the first single by the band, the label did not feel expenses were warranted to film a music video.

The promotional 7" vinyl singles feature a double A-side of an edited version of the track. There was also a promotional CD single issued for the Phil Collins song "A Groovy Kind of Love". Inexplicably it featured "Cool on Your Island" as tracks 2 and 3; the album and edit versions. The track would go on to be a favourite for Amos to perform at live concerts later in her career.

Amos has told a story on The Rosie O'Donnell Show regarding an incident where the release of this single may have kept her out of harm. She states that between the failure of "Y Kant Tori Read" and her successful solo career she was detained by German police while travelling because a friend (and co-traveller) had marijuana on her person. When the police were interrogating her, she stated she was a musician and that she had been "on a record with Phil Collins." As he was extremely popular there at the time, she was set free.

Track listing

 * 7" Single (Atlantic 7-89021) and Cassette Single (Atlantic 89021-4)
 * 1) "Cool on Your Island" – 4:57
 * 2) "Heart Attack at 23" – 5:16

 * 7" Promo Single (Atlantic 7-89021)
 * 1) "Cool on Your Island" (Edit) – 4:05
 * 2) "Cool on Your Island" (Edit) – 4:05

 * CD Promo Single (Atlantic PR2452)
 * 1) "A Groovy Kind of Love" by Phil Collins – 3:25
 * 2) "Cool on Your Island" (Edit) – 4:05
 * 3) "Cool on Your Island" (LP version) – 4:57

title: Cool on Your Island


text:
NWA World Television Championship

The NWA World Television Championship is a world television championship owned and promoted by the American professional wrestling promotion National Wrestling Alliance (NWA). The inaugural champion was Ricky Starks. The current champion is Max the Impaler, who is in their first reign.

On December 14, 2019, the NWA announced they were reintroducing the NWA World Television Championship with a tournament to determine a new champion. Although past Television champions from both the Georgia and Mid-Atlantic versions have been referred to on NWA programming, the original titles and respective lineage are currently owned by WWE. The modern-day NWA World Television Championship is considered the third most important heavyweight title in the current NWA, after the World and National titles. The belt uses the same design as used by JCP/WCW between 1985 and 1992.

History
On December 14, 2019, during NWA's Into the Fire pay-per-view, it was announced they were reintroducing the NWA World Television Championship with a tournament to determine a new champion at their next PPV, Hard Times, on January 24, 2020. On the December 17 episode of NWA's weekly flagship program, NWA Power, it was revealed that all NWA World Television Championship tournament matches would have a 6 minute, 5 second time limit. The time limit was an homage to the 6:05 PM start time of NWA Power as well as a tribute to the original start time for NWA's World Championship Wrestling that ran from the 1970s to 1992. All tournament competitors, as well as two qualifying matches, were then announced. On the January 7 episode of NWA Power, Tim Storm clarified that six competitors would move on to the first round of the NWA World Television Championship tournament. He also announced there would be two additional spots open in the first round for competitors yet to be named and not currently on the NWA roster. The tournament bracket was unveiled on the January 14 episode of NWA Power. On the January 21 episode of NWA Power, the final two competitors in the first round of the tournament were named: Matt Cross from the independent circuit and Dan Maff from Ring of Honor.

On the January 28, 2020 episode of NWA Power, the "Lucky Seven Rule" was announced. A champion who successfully defends the championship seven consecutive times will be eligible to trade in the championship for a match for the NWA Worlds Heavyweight Championship. On March 21, 2021 at Back For The Attack, the NWA extended the time limit for World Television title matches on pay-per-views to ten minutes.

Hard Times tournament
1 Replaced Nick Aldis when Aldis refused to enter and ordered fellow Strictly Business member Isaacs to take his place. 2 Replaced an injured Zane Dawson when Anderson won an 8-man Last Chance Gauntlet match to fill the spot. 3 Anderson was not "medically cleared" to compete giving Tim Storm a bye as a result.

Belt design
The current design is the same that Jim Crockett Promotions used from April 1985 to November 1988. It is also the same design World Championship Wrestling used from November 1988 to January 1991 and for the WCW World Television Championship belt from January 1991 to May 1992. The design uses a dual-colored leather strap (black front, red back) as the base. The main plate is nickel silver with a red background for the words “NWA Television Heavyweight Wrestling Champion.” An eagle’s head and wings sit underneath the “NWA” letters, a globe is etched in the silver underneath “Television,” and a wrestling ring with two figures is etched in the silver underneath “Heavyweight Wrestling Champion.” There are four side plates. On the left are the logos of two of the major television networks: NBC and ABC. On the right, the logo of the television network CBS is on one plate while an image of a satellite dish is on the other. The belt was also available in red and white straps.

Reigns
As of July 29, 2024, there have been seven reigns between seven champions and two vacancies. Ricky Starks was the inaugural champion. Tyrus reign is the longest between 474 and 476 days, while Starks' reign is the shortest with two days. Tyrus is the oldest champion at 48 years old, while Starks is the youngest at 29 years old.

Max the Impaler is the current champion in their first reign. They defeated Mims to unify the NWA World Women's Television Championship into the NWA World Television Championship on January 13, 2024, at Paranoia, where was match aired at NWA Powerrr on February 13, 2024.

title: NWA World Television Championship


text:
User talk:Markus Schmaus

Hi! welcome to Wikipedia!

Hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. Be bold in editing pages. Here are some links that you might find useful:

 * Try the Tutorial. If you have less time, try How to edit a page.
 * To sign your posts (on talk pages, Articles for deletion page etc.) use 	 ~ (four tildes). This will insert your name and timestamp. To insert just your name, type (3 tildes).
 * You can experiment in the test area.
 * You can get help at the Help Desk

 * Some other pages that will help you know more about Wikipedia: Manual of Style and Five pillars, Neutral point of view, Civility, What Wikipedia is not, How to write a great article

I hope you stick around and keep contributing to Wikipedia. Drop us a note at New user log.

-- utcursch | talk to me

Various questions
Also a warm welcome from me. I saw that you have been contributing to some articles on mathematics, so I thought you might be interested in WikiProject Mathematics which discusses Wikipedia issues specific to maths.

I do have two remarks about your edits:
 * There seems to be a mistake in the article Family (mathematics), as I stated on Talk:Family (mathematics).
 * I reverted your edit at Linear independence. It is true that a projective space is not a vector space, but when $$(a_1,...,a_n)$$ is introduced, it is not yet seen as an element of the projective space. This only happens in the third sequence ("It makes sense to ...").

Anyway, I look forward to your future contributions. Feel free to add me any questions on my talk page, which is at User talk:Jitse Niesen. Tschüss, Jitse Niesen 04:29, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Did you want to write something on my talk page? It now has an heading Families, but no text. -- Jitse Niesen 14:34, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Yes, I present enter after starting with the heading, which triggered save page. I later was interupted writing my message.

Families
Hi, we have some discussion going on, all of them in some way connected to families. Maybe it's a cultural thing. My German professor defined a basis as a family and I found lots of German sources doing the same. But I actually found hardly any English sources doing this. Generally families don't seem too popular in the English math community. Mathworld uses the curly brackets notation for families, which I find misleading for the reasons stated in my article.

Families is a formalisation of statements as "let v1, ..., vn be a basis" or "[a matrix A is invertible, if] the columns of A are linearly independent" (taken from invertible matrix).

It is perfectly possible to do linear algebra without using index notation, I actually prefer index free notation
 * $$\int_\Omega f$$

over
 * $$\int_{x \in \Omega} f(x).$$

I like universal properties and there is no need for families when talking about a free module over a set, the corresponding basis.

But many people, especially physicists, prefer index notation. They like to talk about first, second, or third coordinates, they use matrices instead of homomorphisms. Index notation can be formulated exactly, but this requires using families.

Making index free definitions and having pages using index notation refering to those definitions leads to small inconsistencies as is the case with invertible matrix. Markus Schmaus 15:42, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC) Markus Schmaus 14:49, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * English mathematical texts are indeed generally less formal than text from continental Europe in that they tend to put more emphasis on readability, sometimes at the expense of rigour; at least, that is my impression. And then there is the difference between applied and pure maths, and maths generally and physics. However, I don't actually see the small inconsistency in invertible matrix that you are referring to. Is it in the phrase "the columns of A are linearly independent"? But the "columns of A" can just as well refer to the set of columns as to the family of columns. I agree that "let v1, ..., vn be a basis" is not precise; it should properly be written as "let {v1, ..., vn} be a basis".
 * I hope you understand that I am not following you and trying to obstruct all you do, but I was rather surprised when somebody starts using unfamiliar terminology in some of the articles on my watchlist. -- Jitse Niesen 17:10, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Consider the matrix ( (1,1)T, (1,1)T ), it is not invertible, but the set of columns is lineraly independent, the family of columns wouldn't be. Markus Schmaus 17:22, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * You are absolutely right. Let me consider what the best way is to resolve this. I am still hesitant to define basis as a family, since many will not be familiar with that term. Perhaps the standard English term is sequence. However, there is a difference between family and sequence, in that a sequence is linearly ordered. -- Jitse Niesen 17:51, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * A sequence is a family with the natural numbers as the index set. In the old version of index (mathematics) the term indexed set was used synonymous with family. But I have never heard that term before and I didn't find many references on google. Array might be an idea, but I don't think array is a common and well defined mathematical term. Some would use vector, but as you already noticed I think it misses the point. I still think using family would be best, but I will try to make family (mathematics) easier to understand. Markus Schmaus 15:05, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Manifold
As I wrote on Talk:Manifold/rewrite, I think it is best if we let it rest for a week and calm down a bit. It would take me quite some time to react on the points you and KSmrq raise with the required care and I am afraid the situation would get out of hand before, so please take a rest and work on something else. See you in a week, Jitse Niesen (talk) 22:35, 26 July 2005 (UTC)

"German pride" apology
Greetings. On the manifold/rewrite talk page I made a remark referring to German pride. It has been brought to my attention that such a remark could be offensive in the context of German culture. Please let me assure you I intended no offense, and sincerely apologize if my attempt to be friendly may have backfired. I will apologize on the page itself when it is unfrozen, but I am mortified at my blunder and did not want to wait until then to speak to you personally about this one specific issue. KSmrq 22:10, 2005 July 30 (UTC)

SVG production
Since you placed a question on my talk page, I answered there. I suspect you are not aware of that convention, so I'm letting you know on your own talk page. (The purpose of the convention is to keep the thread of conversation in one place.) KSmrq 20:58, 2005 August 7 (UTC)

 * Fine with me. Markus Schmaus 21:40, 7 August 2005 (UTC)

Mdash
Just to let you know that lack of spaces around mdash; is not something that should be corrected. Both ways are acceptable. Making an edit with the sole purpose of adding/removing those spaces makes more harm than good (because you effictively creating another version of the whole article, thus consuming Wikipedia storage space. Incorporating it into an edit you would make anyway is a whole other story, of course.  Just a heads up.—Ëzhiki (ërinacëus amurënsis) 23:30, 1 February 2006 (UTC)

Disambiguation pages
I am aware of the WP:MOSDAB, but looking at this particular edit I can't see how my bot had violated that. My bot removed the link to continuity. I am confused, could you explicity point out the mistake.--Commander Keane 23:36, 9 February 2006 (UTC)

You utterly failed to communicate
WAS 4.250 01:31, 10 February 2006 (UTC)

WikiProject Munich
Would you be interested in helping out atWikiProject Munich? Kingjeff 21:20, 18 November 2006 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:05, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

"L2 space" listed at Redirects for discussion
A discussion is taking place to address the redirect L2 space. The discussion will occur at Redirects for discussion/Log/2020 June 10 until a consensus is reached, and anyone, including you, is welcome to contribute to the discussion. 1234qwer1234qwer4 (talk) 16:58, 10 June 2020 (UTC)

title: User talk:Markus Schmaus


text:
Talk:Pentomino

For making diagrams see m:Template talk:Square 8x8.--Patrick 11:41, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Inappropriate medium

 * ''There is a subdivision into two subsets of six pentominos which each have a 6×5 solution. This provides eight 6×10 solutions, and also eight solutions of 5×12.

"I know something that you don't, nananananana!" Instead of mentioning the existence of these solutions in text, without giving any hint as to what they are, it would be so much better to show a picture! I'll put it on my to-do list. —Herbee 12:00, 9 September 2005 (UTC)

O well, Patrick seems to consider this 'his' article and is prepared to start a revert war, so I won't waste my time here. —Herbee 17:05, 11 September 2005 (UTC)
 * It is not at all my article, I only reverted some odd deletions.--Patrick 22:28, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

 * (With the solution shown, the other one is obtained by rotating a set of seven pentominoes, or put differently, by rotating the four leftmost and the rightmost to the other side.)

We are not trying to list the solutions exhaustively here. If you insist on including this, show a picture instead of describing a picture in text. —Herbee 15:20, 9 September 2005 (UTC)
 * …but including rotation and reflection of a subset of pentominoes (sometimes this is possible and provides in a simple way an additional solution; e.g., with the 3×20 solution shown, the other one is obtained by rotating a set of seven pentominoes, or put differently, by rotating the four leftmost and the rightmost to the other side).

A picture is worth more than a thousand words here. —Herbee 13:12, 10 September 2005 (UTC)

3D
I added 3 demention part. I am sure the solutions I posted are not in good format. However, I cannot find good way to show 3d object on screen. Can anybody help? AIEA 16:53, 1 December 2005 (UTC)

Incorrect Fact
"Other patterns that 9 of the 12 Pentomino pieces will solve, are the shapes of each of the 12 pieces enlarged x3. The German Wikipedia article mentions this too, giving examples in images."

This is wrong. All 12 shapes can be remade at a 3x3 scale. The hardest to achieve is X, but it is not impossible. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 202.89.154.135 (talk) 08:55, 11 April 2007 (UTC).

Inspiration for Tetris?
There should be a source on this - I've come up empty. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 62.198.148.168 (talk) 04:52, 25 June 2018 (UTC)

List of Games (Board and Video Games)
The primary function of this article is about Pentominoes as geometrical shapes. When adding cultural reference (like games), they should predominately feature pentominoes. Many thousands of games have pentominoes as a small subset of randomly falling blocks. I have removed the games that seemed to only mention pentominoes as one of many types of shapes, and to keep the games that are clearly about pentominoes. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 204.134.214.98 (talk) 21:04, 3 October 2020 (UTC)

30 pentacubes?
My back of the napkin math (plus some searching), seem to indicate the existence of 30 pentacubes, not just 29.

Since my calculations also indicate every cube can individually fit in a 5x3x2 space, theoretically the following could be possible.

6x5x5 10x5x3 15x5x2 25x3x2

-NotThatGuy (talk · contribs) 10:09, 2 October 2022 (UTC)

Triplication
An interesting exercise is to make a three times version of one pentomino from nine of the others. This may be done for all twelve pentomonos 87.115.149.91 (talk) 10:42, 7 October 2022 (UTC)

Inappropriate phrasing
Tetris shouldnt be used as an example, even if it is specified that is uses tetrominoes MouseDahBidoof (talk) 09:30, 19 June 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Pentomino


text:
Ben Gunn

Ben or Benjamin Gunn may refer to:

 * Ben Gunn (Treasure Island), fictional character in Robert Louis Stevenson's Treasure Island
 * Ben Gunn (guitarist), early guitarist with The Sisters of Mercy
 * Ben Gunn (campaigner) (born 1965), former prisoner on life licence
 * Benn Gunn, Australian country performer
 * Benjamin B. Gunn (1860–1907), Canadian politician

title: Ben Gunn


text:
Interpersonal psychoanalysis

Interpersonal psychoanalysis is based on the theories of American psychiatrist Harry Stack Sullivan (1892–1949). Sullivan believed that the details of a patient's interpersonal interactions with others can provide insight into the causes and cures of mental disorder.

Current practitioners stress such features as the detailed description of clinical experience, the mutuality of the interpersonal process, and the not-knowing of the analyst.

Sullivan and the neo-Freudians
Along with other neo-Freudian practitioners of interpersonal psychoanalysis, such as Horney, Fromm, Thompson and Fromm-Reichman, Sullivan repudiated Freudian drive theory.

They, like Sullivan, also shared the interdisciplinary emphasis that was to be an important part of the legacy of interpersonal psychoanalysis, influencing counsellors, clergymen, social workers and more.

Selective inattention
Sullivan proposed that patients could keep certain aspects or components of their interpersonal relationships out of their awareness by a psychological behavior described as selective inattention - a term that has to a degree passed into common usage.

A defence mechanism that functions prior to psychological repression, and acts by way of blocking all notice of the threat in question, selective inattention can also be accompanied by selective non-participation.

Both defences as used by patients may be usefully identified by the analyst through examination of his/her countertransference.

Personifications
Sullivan emphasized that psychotherapists' analyses should focus on patients' relationships and personal interactions in order to obtain knowledge of what he called personifications – one's internalised views of self and others, one's internal schemata.

Such analyses would consist of detailed questioning regarding moment-to-moment personal interactions, even including those with the analyst himself.

Personifications can form the basis for what Sullivan called parataxic distortions of the interpersonal field – distortions similar to those described as the products of transference and projective identification in orthodox psychoanalysis. As with the latter, parataxic distortion can, if identified by the analyst, prove fruitful clues to the nature of the patient's inner world.

Criticism
Sullivan has been criticised for inventing (sometimes opaque) neologisms for established psychoanalytic concepts, to claim a perhaps spurious intellectual independence.

title: Interpersonal psychoanalysis


text:
User talk:W'rkncacnter~enwiki

Hi! welcome to Wikipedia!

Hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. Be bold in editing pages. Here are some links that you might find useful:

 * Try the Tutorial. If you have less time, try How to edit a page.
 * To sign your posts (on talk pages, Articles for deletion page etc.) use 	 ~ (four tildes). This will insert your name and timestamp. To insert just your name, type (3 tildes).
 * You can experiment in the test area.
 * You can get help at the Help Desk

 * Some other pages that will help you know more about Wikipedia: Manual of Style and Five pillars, Neutral point of view, Civility, What Wikipedia is not, How to write a great article

I hope you stick around and keep contributing to Wikipedia. Drop us a note at New user log.

-- utcursch | talk to me

Regarding your username
Good to know someone besides me actually finished Marathon Infinity. I salute your taste in old Mac-only games. A Man In Black 13:09, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Your account will be renamed
Hello,

The developer team at Wikimedia is making some changes to how accounts work, as part of our on-going efforts to provide new and better tools for our users like cross-wiki notifications. These changes will mean you have the same account name everywhere. This will let us give you new features that will help you edit and discuss better, and allow more flexible user permissions for tools. One of the side-effects of this is that user accounts will now have to be unique across all 900 Wikimedia wikis. See the announcement for more information.

Unfortunately, your account clashes with another account also called W'rkncacnter. To make sure that both of you can use all Wikimedia projects in future, we have reserved the name W'rkncacnter~enwiki that only you will have. If you like it, you don't have to do anything. If you do not like it, you can pick out a different name. If you think you might own all of the accounts with this name and this message is in error, please visit Special:MergeAccount to check and attach all of your accounts to prevent them from being renamed.

Your account will still work as before, and you will be credited for all your edits made so far, but you will have to use the new account name when you log in.

Sorry for the inconvenience.

Yours, Keegan Peterzell Community Liaison, Wikimedia Foundation 03:21, 20 March 2015 (UTC)

Renamed
 This account has been renamed as part of single-user login finalisation. If you own this account you can |log in using your previous username and password for more information. If you do not like this account's new name, you can choose your own using this form after logging in: . -- Keegan (WMF) (talk) 20:22, 22 April 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:W'rkncacnter~enwiki


text:
User talk:Nsimhan

Hi! welcome to Wikipedia!

Hope you enjoy contributing to Wikipedia. Be bold in editing pages. Here are some links that you might find useful:

 * Try the Tutorial. If you have less time, try How to edit a page.
 * To sign your posts (on talk pages, Articles for deletion page etc.) use 	 ~ (four tildes). This will insert your name and timestamp. To insert just your name, type (3 tildes).
 * You can experiment in the test area.
 * You can get help at the Help Desk

 * Some other pages that will help you know more about Wikipedia: Manual of Style and Five pillars, Neutral point of view, Civility, What Wikipedia is not, How to write a great article

I hope you stick around and keep contributing to Wikipedia. Drop us a note at New user log.

-- utcursch | talk to me

Your image upload
Thanks for uploading the Anna University image, Nsimhan. -- Sundar \talk \contribs 04:40, 24 February 2006 (UTC)

title: User talk:Nsimhan


text:
Kumiko Nakano

Nakano Kumiko (中野公美子, born March 3, 1977, in Osaka, Japan) is an actress who debuted as a Japanese idol with the girl band Osaka Performance Doll from 1993 to 1997.

Television

 * 星の金貨 (Hoshi no kinka)
 * 竜馬におまかせ!
 * Beautiful (ビューティー7)
 * 歓迎！ダンジキ御一行様
 * 木綿のハンカチ2
 * 世紀末の晩鐘

Filmography

 * たこやき刑事 (Takoyaki Keiji, lit. "takoyaki detective"?)
 * Persona (2008)

title: Kumiko Nakano


text:
Leo Boivin

Leo Joseph Boivin (August 2, 1931 – October 16, 2021) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman and coach who played 19 seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). He played for the Toronto Maple Leafs, Boston Bruins, Detroit Red Wings, Pittsburgh Penguins, and Minnesota North Stars from 1952 to 1970.

Playing career
Boivin was born in Prescott, Ontario, on August 2, 1931. He began playing hockey at seven years of age on the rivers and outdoor ice surfaces of Prescott, near Ottawa. He began his junior career in 1948–49 with the Inkerman Rockets of the Ontario Valley Junior Hockey League. He was scouted by the Boston Bruins during a pre-season competition and was signed by the franchise in 1949. He subsequently played for the Port Arthur Bruins of the Thunder Bay Junior A Hockey League for two seasons. His rights were later traded to the Toronto Maple Leafs on November 16, 1950.

Professional career
Boivin started the 1951–52 season playing for the Pittsburgh Hornets of the American Hockey League (AHL), before being promoted to the Leafs. The franchise had lost hard-hitting blue-liner Bill Barilko in the summer of 1951 when he disappeared on a fishing trip, and the Toronto brass felt Boivin's physical style could help fill that void. Boivin made his NHL debut for the Leafs on March 8, 1952. He only played in one other game that season, but featured regularly for the Leafs the following year. Early in the 1954–55 season, Boivin was traded back to the Bruins in exchange for Joe Klukay.

Back in Boston, Boivin enjoyed his best years as a feared member of the Boston Bruins blue line and helped lead them to two Stanley Cup Finals in the late 1950s. Boivin starred with other Boston defensive stalwarts Allan Stanley, Fern Flaman, Doug Mohns and Bob Armstrong. He remained the anchor of a youthful Bruins defensive corps during the difficult reconstructive period of the early 1960s. Boivin became captain of the Boston Bruins in 1963. In February 1966, he was traded to the Detroit Red Wings in a five-player trade. He recounted: "I had been in Boston for a long time and they were struggling. (General Manager) Hap Emms asked me if I would go to Detroit. It was near the (trade) deadline. (Doug) Barkley lost his eye that year and Sid Abel wanted me to go there. I said, 'Sure, I'll go to Detroit.' It was quite a feeling to go in there because they had guys like (Gordie) Howe and (Alex) Delvecchio that I had hit hard through the years. But they welcomed me with open arms. I really enjoyed playing there." That spring, Boivin helped the Red Wings to the Stanley Cup Finals, where they lost to the Montreal Canadiens.

After one more season with Detroit, Boivin's career was winding down but age 35, he was given a chance to extend his career when the league doubled in size by adding six new franchises for the 1967–68 campaign. Boivin found a new home when he was selected by the Pittsburgh Penguins in 1967 NHL Expansion Draft. He recalled how "after sixteen years in the six-team league, expansion added on to my career. At that time, there were a lot of players playing in the American Hockey League that were great players who just didn't get a chance." He spent a season and a half with the Penguins before moving on for a final time when he was traded to the Minnesota North Stars, another expansion club. After the North Stars were defeated in the quarterfinals of the 1970 playoffs, Boivin retired. He declined the opportunity to extend his career with the newly established Buffalo Sabres.

Later life
After retiring from professional hockey in 1970, Boivin became a scout in his hometown. He also served as interim coach of the St. Louis Blues during the 1975–76 and 1977–78 seasons. He later coached the Ottawa 67's of the Ontario Hockey League for a brief period, tutoring young defencemen Denis Potvin and Ian Turnbull.

Boivin was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in September 1986. The arena in his hometown was consequently retitled the Leo Boivin Community Centre in honour of him that same year. He worked as a scout until his retirement in 1993 with the Hartford Whalers. He attended Ottawa Senators games annually in his later years. Boivin died on October 16, 2021, at the age of 90.

Career statistics
Sources:

Coaching record
Source:

title: Leo Boivin


text: Category:1540 in law

title: Category:1540 in law


text:
Dickie Boon

Richard Robinson Boon (January 10, 1878 – May 3, 1961) known as Dickie Boon was a Canadian ice hockey forward and manager. He played for the Montreal Hockey Club (Montreal HC) of the Canadian Amateur Hockey League (CAHL) and the Montreal Wanderers of the Federal Amateur Hockey League (FAHL) in the early 1900s. He was a player on two Stanley Cup winning teams and managed the Wanderers to four Cup titles. Boon was uncle to Lucille Wheeler-Vaughan, Canadian and world ski champion.

Early life
Born in Belleville, Ontario, he was one of seven children, four boys and three girls. Boon moved with his family to Montreal, where he became involved in several sports in his youth. He was a proficient speed skater, winning the 1892 Junior Amateur Championship. He was also involved in rowing and canoeing. The family home was on the present site of the Windsor train station in Montreal.

Hockey career
In 1894, at the age of 16, Boon began playing organized hockey with the "Young Crystals" at the old Crystal Rink in Montreal with another Hall of Famer, Mike Grant. In 1897, he joined the Monarch Hockey Club. In 1900 he joined the Montreal Hockey Club of the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association's junior club. The following year he was promoted to the senior team. He played the position of cover point, similar to today's defenceman. Considered to be 'fast and wiry', Boon is credited with being the first player to use the poke check, which he used to great success in stopping opposing forwards. Boon was the captain of the two-time Stanley Cup-winning Montreal HC teams of 1902 and 1903 which had several other future Hall of Famers including Jimmy Gardner, Tommy Phillips and Jack Marshall. He was effective despite being the smallest player on the team. Like many other members of the team dubbed the "Little Men of Iron", Boon left Montreal HC in December 1903 to found the Montreal Wanderers in the new Federal Amateur Hockey League (FAHL). He played with the club until 1905. At that point, professionalism was taking hold in hockey and Boon dropped out of playing hockey after the objections of his parents to him becoming a professional. He then turned to management of the Wanderers and he managed the club until 1916. He led the Wanderers to four Stanley Cup titles in 1906, 1907, 1908, and 1910 as Manager. Although Boon was a multiple winner of the Stanley Cup, he was not happy with it interfering in the season of play. In 1903, he was quoted as saying: "The Cup is far from beneficial to the game, it is detrimental."

In 1910, Boon, along with Jimmy Gardner was instrumental in setting up the National Hockey Association (NHA) (predecessor of today's National Hockey League (NHL)) when the Wanderers were refused entry into the new Canadian Hockey Association (CHA), along with Renfrew. Gardner, Boon and Ambrose O'Brien conceived of founding the NHA on the spot, after the CHA had met to expel the Wanderers and in the same hotel, the Windsor Hotel in Montreal. The NHA would be innovative in making professional hockey more business-like.

In 1924, Boon was approached by James Strachan, former owner of the Wanderers and part-owner of the new Montreal Hockey Club franchise entering the National Hockey League to negotiate the use of the name "Wanderers" for the new team. The negotiations were unsuccessful and the team was instead nameless, until the nickname "Maroons" came into use, after the colour of their sweaters.

After hockey
After retiring from playing hockey, Boon became a co-founder of the Boon-Strachan Coal business, and he took up curling and golf. He was a long-time member of the Outremont Curling Club and the Club's Boon Trophy was named after him. In 1954, he was named one of Montreal's outstanding sportsmen by the Sportsmen's Association of Montreal.

He died at his Outremont, Quebec, home on May 3, 1961, after being in poor health for several months. He had continued to curl until 1959, when he was injured in a golf cart accident that fractured his pelvis. He continued playing golf until the fall of 1960 not long before his death. Boon was survived by his widow Kathleen Fitzgerald. He was later buried at Mount Royal Cemetery in Montreal.

Awards and achievements

 * 1952 – Inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame
 * 1954 – Named one of Montreal's outstanding sportsmen by the Sportsmen's Association of Montreal

title: Dickie Boon


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Political killing

Political killing may refer to:
 * Extrajudicial killing, the result of a political decision
 * Politicide, killing based on the victim's political ideology

title: Political killing


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Tatung Company

Tatung Company (Tatung; ) is a multinational corporation established in 1918 and headquartered in Zhongshan, Taipei, Taiwan.

Established in 1918 and headquartered in Taipei, Tatung Company holds 3 business groups, which includes 8 business units: Industrial Appliance BU, Motor BU, Wire & Cable BU, Solar BU, Smart Meter BU, System Integration BU, Appliance BU, and Advanced Electronics BU. As a conglomerate, Tatung's investees involve in some major industries such as optoelectronics, energy, system integration, industrial system, branding retail channel, and asset development.

History
Xie Zhi Business Enterprise, the forerunner of Tatung Company, was established in 1918 by Shang-Zhi Lin. It was involved in high-profile construction projects, including the Tamsui River embankment project and the Executive Yuan building.

In 1939, Tatung Iron Works was established as the company ventured into iron and steel manufacturing. Following the arrival of the ROC administration in 1945, Tatung Iron Works was renamed to Tatung Steel and Machinery Manufacturing Company. The company began mass production of electrical motors and appliances 10 years later in 1949.

In 1962 the company became publicly listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange, and was renamed to Tatung Company in 1968. A year later, Tatung began production of color TVs, and adopted the "Tatung Boy" mascot, which became a Taiwanese cultural symbol.

Timeline
1970 Revenues exceeded NT$2.2 billion, making Tatung Taiwan's foremost private company.

1972 W. S. Lin, the grandson of Shang-Zhi Lin, was appointed as president of Tatung. Shortly thereafter he was implicated in a case of embezzlement at Tatung which would take more than ten years to litigate.

1977 Participated in the Ten Major Construction Projects with the construction of a slag treatment facility for China Steel and provision for Chiang Kai-shek International Airport's power control station

2000 Chunghwa Picture Tubes was listed on the OTC market

2001 Global Management Division set up at the company's headquarters Chunghwa Picture Tubes was listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange

2003 Mass production of LCD and PDP TVs Lin Cheng-yuan resigns as head of Chunghwa Picture Tubes.

2004 Set up a new subsidiary Toes Opto-Mechatronics Company Established SeQual Technologies Co. to produce the oxygen generator for clinical therapy and home health care uses Established Tatung Compressors (Zhongshan) Co. in China

2005 Consolidated Tatung's Desktop PC Business Unit with Elitegroup Computer Systems (ECS), making Tatung the largest shareholder of ECS Established Tatung Wire & Cable Technology (Wujiang) Co. in China

Death of T.S. Lin

2006 Mr. W. S. Lin was elected as chairman and president of Tatung Green Energy Technology started trading on the emerging stock market

2007 Forward Electronics invested in Apollo Solar Energy Co. to expand its scope into the market of solar cell module

2008 Green Energy Technology was listed on the Taiwan Stock Exchange as 25 January Established Tatung Electric Technology (Vietnam) Co. for the manufacturing and sales of wires and cables

2009 Tatung University launched WiMAX network, the first wireless broadband network ever built in campus alike To help the victims of Typhoon Morakot, Tatung initiated a Special Service Project in which 1,000 technicians and 70 service trucks were mobilized in and around the affected areas to help handle damaged home appliance items. The employees of Tatung Group together with the staff of Tatung University and Tatung High School also donated their one-day earnings totaling to NT$10 million to those in need.

2010 New Energy Business Unit set up a crystal growth center to manufacture multicrystalline silicon bricks, a milestone for HQ's involvement in the crystal-related business Luxury condominium, "Tatung Noble Residences (Phase II of Tatung Tomorrow World)", the 2nd project in Nangang by Shan Chih Asset Development, was under construction

2011 Mrs. W.Y. Lin was appointed President of Tatung

2012 Lithium iron phosphate cathode material by Tatung Fine Chemicals successfully entered into Japanese market of energy storage

2015 Lin Cheng-yuan, indicted in the US on charges of price fixing.

2020 Lin family loses control of the Tatung board of directors. Lin Wen-yuan (no relation) appointed as chairman of the new board.

2021 Lu Ming-kuang, Lin Wen-yuan's successor as chairman, resigns the position.

Affiliations

 * Tatung F.C. (until 2022)
 * Tatung University
 * Tatung Institute of Commerce and Technology
 * Tatung High School

Sponsorship
Tatung sponsored Wolverhampton Wanderers Football Club, an English Football League side, from 1982 to 1985.

title: Tatung Company


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Brown's Inlet

Brown's Inlet is a body of water in central Ottawa. A former creek, it grew considerably in size with the creation of the Rideau Canal, into which it now empties. Originally considerably larger, the inlet was shortened and divided so that today on the surface it is two ponds, but they are connected underground. The inlet is in the southern part of the Glebe neighbourhood, emptying into the canal near the Bank Street Bridge. The two ponds of the inlet are surrounded by parks and expensive homes. The ponds are home to a wide array of wild life including frogs, turtles, fish, and birds.

title: Brown's Inlet


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Clan Gunn

Clan Gunn (Na Guinnich) is a Highland Scottish clan associated with lands in northeastern Scotland, including Caithness, Sutherland and, arguably, the Orkney Isles. Clan Gunn is one of the oldest Scottish Clans, being descended from the Norse Jarls of Orkney and the Pictish Mormaers of Caithness.

Traditional origins
The traditional origin of the Clan Gunn is that the progenitor of the clan was one Gunni who came to Caithness at the end of the 12th century when his wife, Ragnhild, inherited the estates from her brother, Harald Maddadsson who was the Earl of Orkney. His wife descended from St Ragnvald, who was the founder of the St Magnus Cathedral in Kirkwall, Orkney. Gunni, whose name meant war, was allegedly descended from Viking adventurers and his grandfather was Sweyn who was killed in a raid on Dublin in 1171. Smibert, however, states that the Gunns were of Gaelic origin. Further information on the Norse origins of Clan Gunn can be found in an article written by Michael James Gunn, quoting Sir Robert Gordon's A Genealogical History of The Earldom of Sutherland from the 17th century: "Sir Robert Gordon, in researching genealogies for his work interviewed many of the heads of families in Sutherland, among them Alexander Gun of Kilearnan and Navidale, 4th Mackeamish, who died in 1655. From him he learned that Mackeamish’s family are called Clan-Gun from one called Gun, whom they allege to have been the king of Denmarke his sone, and came many dayes agoe from Denmark, and settled himself in Catteynes. The significance of this statement is made clear when it is remembered that, in Sir Robert Gordon’s time, the kingdoms of Denmark and Norway were united under the Danish crown. However, the ancient Gaelic sennachies described the Gunns as Lochlannaich, or Norwegians, not Danes, because at the time of their forebear’s arrival in Orkney and Caithness, Norway was a separate kingdom and not united with Denmark until the Union of Kalmar in 1391.

Recorded origins
The first 'chief' of the Clan Gunn to appear in historical records definitively was George Gunn, who was the crouner or  coroner of Caithness during the 15th century. The later Celtic patronymic of the Gunn chiefs may have been MacSheumais Chataich, however 'George' Gunn was widely known as Am Braisdeach Mor which means the great brooch-wearer. This was due to the insignia that was worn by him as coroner. George is said to have held court at his Clyth Castle in such splendor that it would rival any Highland chief.

15th century and clan conflicts

The Battle of Harpsdale was fought in 1426 where the Clan Gunn fought an inconclusive battle with the Clan Mackay.

The Gunn's traditional enemies were the Clan Keith, who from their Ackergill Castle, challenged the Gunn chiefs for both political needs and for land. In one such feud it was claimed that Dugald Keith coveted Helen, daughter of Gunn of Braemor. The girl resisted Keith's advances but on learning that she was to be married to another man, he surrounded her father's house, slew many of the inhabitants and carried the girl to Ackergill Castle where she threw herself from the tower, rather than submitting to her kidnapper. The Gunns retaliated and repeatedly raided the Keith's territory; however, they suffered defeat in 1438 or 1464 at the Battle of Tannach. Both sides having suffered considerable losses agreed to meet and settle their differences in what is known as the Battle of Champions, where each side was to bring twelve horses. However, the Keiths arrived with two warriors on each horse and slaughtered the outnumbered Gunns. This was in turn avenged by the chief's remaining son James who killed Keith of Ackergill and his son at Drummoy.

16th century and clan conflicts
In 1517 the Clan Gunn supported the Clan Sutherland in defeating the Clan Mackay at the Battle of Torran Dubh.

Alistair Gunn, son of John Robson Gunn, had become a man of much note and power in the North. He had married the daughter of John Gordon, 11th Earl of Sutherland and for this reason "he felt entitled to hold his head high amongst the best in Scotland". His pride, or perhaps his loyalty to the Earl of Sutherland, led to his undoing when in 1562, he led Gordon's retinue and encountered James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray, and his followers on the High Street of Aberdeen. The Earl of Moray was the bastard half-brother of Mary, Queen of Scots, as well as the son-in-law of William Keith, 4th Earl Marischal, chief of Clan Keith. It was the custom at the time to yield thoroughfares to the personage of greater rank, and in refusing to yield the middle of the street to Stewart and his train, Alistair publicly insulted the Earl. Stewart soon afterward had him pursued to a place called Delvines, near Nairn. There he was captured by Andrew Munro of Milntown and taken to Inverness, and following a mock trial, he was executed.

In the late 16th century the Gunns were involved in a number of feuds against the Earl of Sutherland and Earl of Caithness. In 1586 at the Battle of Allt Camhna the Clan Gunn was victorious but they were defeated shortly afterward by a massive force at the Battle of Leckmelm.

17th century and Civil War
During the 17th century the Clan Gunn strengthened their links with the Clan Mackay when Gunn of Kilearnan married Mary Mackay, sister of Lord Reay, chief of Clan Mackay. The next Gunn chief married Lord Reay's daughter.

Another branch of the clan, the Gunns of Bramore, who descend from Robert, a younger son of Am Braisdeach Mor, were generally known as the Robson Gunns. Sir William Gunn, brother of the Robson chief, despite being Catholic, served in the army of the Protestant king of Sweden, and rose to command a battalion. He later fought for Charles I and received a knighthood in 1639. He later returned to the Continent where he served the Holy Roman Empire and married a German baroness. He became an imperial general and was created baron of the Holy Roman Empire in 1649.

18th century and Jacobite uprisings
The Gunns as a Clan did not support the Stuarts and fought for the British Government during the Jacobite rising of 1745. Alexander Gunn, chief of the Clan Gunn, was a Captain of an Independent Highland Company that fought for the British Government.

Gunns did independently fight for the Bonnie Prince and a list can be found in the publication No Quarter Given, the muster roll of Prince Charles Edward Stuart's Army 1745–46.

Gunns were heavily drawn upon for the 79th Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders regiment during the French revolutionary and Napoleonic wars.

Chieftainship

On 25 September 2015, the Lord Lyon King of Arms for Scotland issued an interlocutor recognizing Iain Alexander Gunn of Banniskirk as Chief of Clan Gunn. He is now Iain Alexander Gunn of that Ilk, Chief of Clan Gunn. At a Family Convention, held in Orkney on July 18, 2015, a petition to the Lyon Court requesting this recognition was approved and sent to the Lyon for action. For the first time in 230 years the Clan has a recognized Chief. Iain previously served as Commander of Clan Gunn for over forty-three years.

Commanders
Iain Alexander Gunn of Banniskirk was appointed the second Commander of Clan Gunn, by commission of Lord Lyon on 9 June 1972. He was Secretary of the Clan Gunn UK Society on its establishment in 1961. The first Commander was his paternal uncle, William Gunn of Banniskirk, who held the title from 1967 to 1968.

In 1978, the previous Chief of Clan Keith and the then Commander of Clan Gunn signed a peace treaty at the site of the Chapel of St. Tayrs, ending the feud between the two clans which began in 1478.

Castles

 * Gunn's Castle also known as Clyth Castle was situated on a rock above the sea, eight miles south-west of Wick, Caithness. It was once a splendid and strong castle but virtually nothing remains. The fortress was held by the Gunns during their feud with the Clan Keith.
 * Dirlot Castle near Watten, Caithness was originally held by the Cheynes but passed to the Gunns in the 15th century. However, later it went to the Clan Sutherland and then the Clan Mackay.
 * Halberry Castle near Wick, Caithness was held by the Gunns but there are now only some remains by the sea.
 * Latheron Castle near Dunbeath, Caithness, was held by the Gunns but passed to the Clan Sinclair in the 17th century and there are only slight remains left of the castle. Latheron House dates from the 18th century.
 * Kinbrace, site of castle once held by the Gunns, although the location is not certain.

Tartan
The Gunn tartan is found in 'weathered', 'ancient', 'muted', and 'modern' colourings. A picture of the Tartan

title: Clan Gunn


text:
Frank Boucher

François Xavier Boucher (October 7, 1901 – December 12, 1977) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player and executive. Boucher played the forward position for the Ottawa Senators and New York Rangers in the National Hockey League (NHL) and the Vancouver Maroons in the Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA) between 1921 and 1938, and again from 1943 to 1944. Boucher later became coach and the general manager of the New York Rangers between 1939 and 1955. He won the Stanley Cup three times, all with the Rangers: in 1928 and 1933 as a player, and in 1940 as the coach. Boucher was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1958. Three of his brothers also played in the NHL, including Georges, who was also inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame.

Personal information
Born in Ottawa, Ontario, in 1901, Boucher was the youngest son in a family of six sons and two daughters born to Tom Boucher and Annie Carroll. His paternal grandfather, Antoine Boucher was French, while his other grandparents were of Irish descent. Frank Boucher was one of four brothers who played in the NHL. His brother, Georges "Buck" Boucher, played on the Ottawa Senators dynasty of the 1920s, winning four Stanley Cups. Brothers Bobby and Billy also played in the NHL. There were two other brothers, Carroll and Joseph, and two sisters, Irene and Lily. The family lived in the New Edinburgh neighbourhood of Ottawa.

Frank's nephew, Sgt. Frank Boucher, son of Georges, was the head coach of Canada's 1948 Olympic gold medal winning ice hockey team - the Ottawa RCAF Flyers.

Early life
Frank Boucher inherited some of his athletic ability from his father Tom, who played rugby football both for Ottawa College and for the Ottawa Rough Riders, winning Canadian championships in 1894, 1896, 1897 and 1901, playing alongside Tom "King" Clancy, whose son was the famous hockey player King Clancy. Boucher recalls receiving his first pair of skates at age six for Christmas, double-runners which he promptly fell from and never used again. Frank and the rest of the brothers would play games on outdoor rinks, including rinks on the Rideau River and for local New Edinburgh teams. To pay for team equipment, the team members would canvass the neighbourhood, which included Rideau Hall, where Boucher would first meet Lady Byng. Boucher attended Crichton Public School but dropped out of school at age thirteen. He took a job as an office boy with the federal government munitions department for the duration of World War I. After World War I, Boucher joined the Royal Canadian Mounted Police and moved west.

Hockey career
While in Lethbridge working with the Mounties, Boucher played for the Lethbridge Vets along with Mountie teams he organized. After a year working in Banff, Alberta, Frank returned home to play for the Ottawa Senators for the 1921–22 season, where he would play with his brother George. Because he had played senior hockey out west, his playing rights belonged to the PCHA, but he was allowed to play the season for Ottawa on condition he then play for the Vancouver Maroons in following seasons. In a twist of fate, he joined the Stanley Cup champions but the Senators lost the NHL title that year to the Toronto St. Pats, who would defeat Vancouver in the Stanley Cup Finals.

Boucher played for the Maroons until 1926. The Maroons would play in the 1923 Stanley Cup Finals against the Senators, losing 3-2. His brother George still played for the Senators. That series also featured brothers Cy and Corbett Denneny playing against each other, marking the first time two different sets of brothers faced each other in an NHL or Big Four championship series.

The Maroons played in the 1924 Stanley Cup playoffs against Montreal, who had the other Boucher brothers Billy and Bob, losing to the Canadiens in a best-of-three series 2–0. A highlight of the second game, a Maroons 2–1 loss, was that all goals were scored by the Bouchers, two by Billy and one by Frank.

In 1926, when the western league dissolved, his rights were sold to the Boston Bruins. He never played for the Bruins as Conn Smythe then paid the Bruins $1500 for Boucher, on the advice of Bill Cook, whom he'd played against out west, but would play with during his time with the Rangers. Boucher became a member of the original New York Rangers team.

Boucher played for the Rangers until he retired in 1937–38. Boucher centered the famous Bread Line with the brothers Bill and Bun Cook, and together they helped the Rangers win the Stanley Cup in 1928 and 1933, also reaching the Finals in 1932.

Frank was not only a brilliant forward, but was also one of the game's classiest. Lady Byng, wife of Viscount Byng, the Governor-General of Canada, donated a trophy to be awarded to the NHL's "most gentlemanly player." While playing for the New York Rangers, Boucher won the Lady Byng Memorial Trophy seven times in eight years. He was then given the trophy outright, and Lady Byng donated another trophy to the NHL.

The Rangers hired him to coach the New York Rovers, a minor-league team that also played at Madison Square Garden, as his apprenticeship to coaching the Rangers. When general manager Lester Patrick made the decision to retire from coaching prior to the 1939–40 season, he hired Boucher, who led his Ranger club to the last Stanley Cup. The franchise would be in existence for 68 seasons before they won a Cup without Boucher being directly involved.

After finishing first in the NHL's regular season in 1942, the Rangers lost in the playoffs to the Toronto Maple Leafs. Soon they became victims of the military draft of World War II and went into a steep decline. In 1943–44 NHL season the New York Rangers were so bad that Boucher came out of retirement for 15 games to play where he recorded 14 points; at age 42, he was the oldest position player ever to play in the NHL, a record he held until surpassed by Doug Harvey in 1968. The Rangers finished the 50 game season with only 6 wins. Between appearances in 1940 and 1972 they reached the Stanley Cup Finals only once.

Boucher and Ottawa District Hockey Association executive Cecil Duncan collaborated on experiments to change the ice hockey rules. In January 1937, they tried a single blue-line at centre ice to cut down on the number of offside infractions in a game. During the 1943–44 NHL season, Boucher and Duncan introduced the centre ice red line to the hockey rink, in an effort to open up the game and allow the defending team to pass the puck out of their own zone and counter-attack quicker.

When Patrick retired, Frank took over as general manager. He got the Rangers into the playoffs in 1947–48 with his trade to get Buddy O'Connor and Frank Eddolls. He stepped down from coaching to concentrate on his manager's job and hired Lynn Patrick, Lester's son and an ex-teammate, to coach the Rangers, and Lynn came very close to winning the Stanley Cup in 1950, proving Boucher astute in hiring him as coach. But the Rangers were an aging team, and eroded. Lynn Patrick resigned to go to Boston, and neither Neil Colville nor Bill Cook, also former teammates of Boucher's, could get the Rangers into the playoffs. General John Kilpatrick, the Rangers' owner, thought about replacing Boucher, but he held off.

During the 1945–46 season, Boucher became the first coach to use two goalies regularly. Alternating Charlie Rayner and Jim Henry every game, and later, every four to six minutes, he proved the usefulness of having two goalies.

Frank went back behind the bench in 1953–54, but could not get the Rangers into the playoffs. He then hired Muzz Patrick, another son of Lester and ex-teammate, to coach the team, but the Rangers won only 17 games and missed the playoffs again. So General Kilpatrick had a talk with Frank and reluctantly expressed that Frank could not build the Rangers into a winner, and recommended Frank resign as general manager. Frank thought it over, realizing that it was better than being fired. He then typed his resignation and handed it in to the General, ending his 29-year association with the Rangers.

He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1958. In 1998, he was ranked number 61 on The Hockey News' list of the 100 Greatest Hockey Players. His uniform number 7 hangs in the rafters of Madison Square Garden, although it was retired for a later Ranger, Rod Gilbert.

Boucher served as commissioner of the Saskatchewan Junior Hockey League from 1959 to 1966. He proposed to establish a junior hockey league of the best twelve teams in Canada sponsored by the NHL, and to compete for a trophy at a higher tier than the Memorial Cup. Canadian Amateur Hockey Association president Art Potter and the resolutions committee were against increasing NHL influence into amateur hockey in Canada and declined to present the proposal at the semi-annual meeting. Boucher and team owners in Saskatchewan and Manitoba accused Potter and the CAHA of disregarding their concerns and favouring the Edmonton Oil Kings. Boucher threatened to withdraw the SJHL from the Memorial Cup playoffs, due to the "unfair domination of western junior hockey by the Edmonton Oil Kings", since they had the pick of all the players from Alberta and used loopholes in rules to import stronger players. The SJHL disbanded following the 1965–66 season, when five of its eight teams joined the newly formed the Canadian Major Junior Hockey League (CMJHL). Boucher served as the first commissioner of the CMJHL, now known as the Western Hockey League.

In 1974, Boucher wrote When the Rangers Were Young, a book about his experiences with the old-time Broadway Blueshirts, giving him one last moment of fame during his lifetime. He died of cancer on December 12, 1977, in the town of Kemptville, Ontario, near Ottawa, at the age of 76.

In the 2009 book 100 Ranger Greats, the authors ranked Boucher at No. 9 all-time of the 901 New York Rangers who had played during the team's first 82 seasons.

title: Frank Boucher


text:
Međimurje Party

The Međimurje Party (Međimurska stranka or MS) is a regional political party in Croatia, formed in Međimurje in 2000. It is usually aligned with right-wing parties.

At the last legislative elections, 23 November 2003, an alliance of the Croatian Party of Rights (Hrvatska stranka prava), the Međimurje Party and the Zagorje Democratic Party - won 6.4% of the popular vote and 8 out of 151 seats, all for the HSP.

title: Međimurje Party


text:
User talk:Janson~enwiki

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title: User talk:Janson~enwiki


text:
The Black EP

The Black EP is an EP by American rock band Interpol, released in August 2003 by EMI Records. It includes "Say Hello to the Angels" (taken from their debut album, Turn on the Bright Lights), a demo version of "NYC", and four live recordings from the Black Sessions recorded on French radio station Radio France.

Track listing

 * 1) "Say Hello to the Angels" – 4:27
 * 2) "NYC (Demo)" – 4:28
 * 3) "Obstacle 1 (Black Session)" – 4:18
 * 4) "Specialist (Black Session)" – 6:33
 * 5) "Leif Erikson (Black Session)" – 3:55
 * 6) "PDA (Black Session)" – 5:19

Personnel

 * Paul Banks – vocals, guitar
 * Daniel Kessler – guitar
 * Sam Fogarino – drums
 * Carlos Dengler – bass guitar, keyboards on tracks 1 and 2
 * Eric Altesleben - keyboards and backing vocals on tracks 3, 4, 5 and 6

Releases

title: The Black EP