text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Bion Franklin.

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page, if it exists; or after the end of this archived section. The result of the debate was delete --cesarb 15:14, 24 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Bion Franklin.
Doesn't explain notability; full text is "According to Madeleine L'Engle, her son Bion Franklin was the model for Rob Austin, a character in Meet the Austins and her other Austin family stories." Can't think that this would be a very useful redirect either. Meelar (talk) 17:55, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment - The correctly named title might be an acceptable redirect to either Meet the Austins or to Madeleine L'Engle. But unless more information about Franklin himself being notable comes to light, he should not have his own article.  And unless the claim here can be verified, it should not be added to any other article.  Abstain for now. -- Jonel 18:50, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete notability not established. JamesBurns 06:06, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as per James Burns.--nixie 05:28, 23 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * ''The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be placed on a related article talk page, if one exists; in an undeletion request, if it does not; or below this section.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Blue wall of silence

The blue wall of silence, also blue code and blue shield, are terms used to denote the informal code of silence among police officers in the United States not to report on a colleague's errors, misconducts, or crimes, especially as related to police brutality in the United States. If questioned about an incident of alleged misconduct involving another officer (e.g., during the course of an official inquiry), while following the code, the officer being questioned would perjure themselves by feigning ignorance of another officer's wrongdoing.

Police corruption
The code is one example of police corruption and misconduct. Officers who engaged in discriminatory arrests, physical or verbal harassment, and selective enforcement of the law are considered to be corrupt, while officers who follow the code may participate in some of these acts during their careers for personal matters or in order to protect or support fellow officers. All of these are considered illegal offenses and are grounds for suspension or immediate dismissal. Officers who follow the code are unable to report fellow officers who participate in corruption due to the unwritten laws of their "police family".

Police perjury or "testilying" (in United States police slang) is when an officer gives false testimony in court. Officers who do not lie in court may sometimes be threatened and ostracized by fellow police officers. In 1992, the Commission to Investigate Allegations of Police Corruption (also known as the Mollen Commission) undertook a two-year investigation on perjury in law enforcement. They discovered that some officers falsified documents such as arrest reports, warrants and evidence to provide "cover" for an illegal arrest or search. Some police officers also fabricated stories when testifying before a jury. The commission found that the officers were not lying for greed but because they believed that they were imprisoning people who deserved it. Many prosecutors allowed police perjury to occur, as well.

Laws
Many police departments have their own official code of conduct. They train new recruits and investigate police officers if they have a complaint from a civilian or an alleged criminal. There are also some state laws put in place to help protect civilians and criminals from corrupt officers. If the officer is found guilty, officers can be sued by the victim for damage caused by police brutality, false arrest and imprisonment, malicious prosecution, and wrongful death. Federal laws strongly prohibit officer misconduct, including officers who follow the code by "testilying" or failing to report any officer who is participating in corruption. If an officer is in violation of any of the officer misconduct federal laws, only the federal government can issue a suit. The police department is only responsible for preventing corruption among officers. If an officer is convicted, they may be forced to pay high fines or be imprisoned. To be convicted, the plaintiffs must prove that the officer was following the "code" or participating in negligence and unlawful conduct. It is often hard to convict an officer of following the code or other forms of corruption because officers are protected by defense of immunity, which is an exemption from penalties and burdens that the law generally places on private citizens.

The U.S. Supreme Court has consistently held that officers be given the benefit of the doubt that they acted lawfully in fulfilling their duties, a position reaffirmed in Saucier v. Katz, 533 U.S. 194 (2001).

Cases
In 1970, New York City organized the Knapp Commission to hold hearings on the extent of corruption in the city's police department. Police officer Frank Serpico's startling testimony against fellow officers not only revealed systemic corruption but highlighted a longstanding obstacle to investigating these abuses: the fraternal understanding among police officers known variously as "the Code of Silence" and "the Blue Curtain" under which officers regard testimony against a fellow officer as betrayal. In 1991, the Christopher Commission was formed in Los Angeles in response to the beating of Rodney King in March of that year by four members of the Los Angeles Police Department. In 1992, the Mollen Commission, commissioned to investigate reports of police corruption in New York City, noted that "The pervasiveness of the code of silence is itself alarming." One New York City police officer said, "If a cop decided to tell on me, his career's ruined... He's going to be labeled as a rat." The following year saw the founding of the Civilian Complaint Review Board, an all-civilian board tasked with investigating civil complaints about alleged misconduct on the part of the New York City Police Department.

After that, the International Association of Chiefs of Police made a code of police conduct publication and rigorously trained police officers. In 1991, Rodney King was brutally beaten by multiple police officers of the Los Angeles Police Department. The officers involved were expected to have been following the "blue code". They claimed that the beating was lawful, but it was not until a videotape of the incident was released when it was confirmed that the officers had collectively fabricated their stories.

In the later 1990s, the FBI arrested 42 officers from five law enforcement agencies in 1998 on charges of conspiracy to distribute cocaine. In a 1998, report to U.S. Congressman Charles B. Rangel, the federal General Accounting Office found evidence of growing police involvement in drug sales, theft of drugs and money from drug dealers, and perjured testimony about illegal searches.

History
The code and police corruption stems from the mid-to-late nineteenth century. The Pinkerton National Detective Agency was known for using police officers to violently end strikes. Many members of the Ku Klux Klan were police officers who protected each other when conducting racist acts. This later gave rise to the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which gave new protections to the victims who had long suffered discriminatory policing.

"Additionally, a string of landmark Supreme Court decisions during the era gave new force both to individual privacy rights as well as to curbs upon Police Power: highly influential cases resulted in the strengthening of Fourth Amendment rights against unreasonable Search and Seizure, evidentiary rules forbidding the use at trial of evidence tainted by unconstitutional police actions, and the establishment of the so-called Miranda Warning requiring officers to advise detained suspects of their constitutional rights."

This would result in the criminalization of officers who (1) did not have the necessary paperwork to conduct a search or (2) were involved in falsifying documents or committing perjury.

A double standard exists of perceived rewards or a dismissal of charges for an officer with overwhelming evidence of guilt for unlawful criminal offenses. This double standard is further supported by police commands providing the “slap on the wrist” after strategizing a delay to reduce public media attention.

Police culture
Police culture, or "cop culture", as it is sometimes called by police officers, has resulted in a barrier against stopping corrupt officers. Police culture involves a set of values and rules that have evolved through the experiences of officers and which are affected by the environment in which they work. From the beginning of their career at their academies, police are brought into this "cop culture".

While learning jobs and duties, recruits will also learn the values needed to make it to a high rank in their organization. Some words used to describe these values are as follows: a sense of mission, action, cynicism, pessimism, machismo, suspicion, conservatism, isolation and solidarity. The unique demands that are placed on police officers, such as the threat of danger, as well as scrutiny by the public, generate a tightly woven environment conducive to the development of feelings of loyalty.

These values are claimed to lead to the code; isolation and solidarity leading to police officers sticking to their own kind, producing an us-against-them mentality. The us-against-them mentality that can result leads to officers backing each other up and staying loyal to one another; in some situations it leads to not "ratting" on fellow officers.

Whistleblowing
Whistleblowing (police officers reporting other officers' misconduct) is not common. The low number of officers coming forward may have to do with the understanding that things happen in the heat of the moment that some officers would rather keep personal. Another reason officers may hesitate to go against the blue code may be that challenging the blue code would mean challenging long-standing traditions and feelings of brotherhood within the institution. The fear of consequences may play a large role as well. These consequences can include being shunned, losing friends, and losing back-up, as well as receiving physical threats or having one's own misconduct exposed.

There are also forces that work against the code and promote whistleblowing. Many police officers do join the police force because they want to uphold the law; the blue code goes against this ideal. Some officers inform on fellow officers' misconduct for less noble motives, such as to retaliate for mistreatment by fellow officers, to seek administrative recognition, or to prove loyalty to the department. Additionally, some officers are recruited by their administration to inform. If it is in an officer's job description to find misconduct by other officers, they are more likely to go against the blue code. Officers who go against the blue code may have a deal to avoid being fired or to receive immunity from prosecution. Some officers have also been known to break the code to sell a story to the media.

Levels of crime
Police officers are more likely to cover up certain kinds of crimes by their colleagues. One study showed that excessive use of force was the crime most commonly shielded by the code. Two studies suggest that some police feel that the code is applicable in cases of "illegal brutality or bending of the rules in order to protect colleagues from criminal proceedings," but not those of illegal actions with an "acquisitive motive".

Cases such as the Rampart scandal and many other police corruption cases demonstrate that blue code culture can extend to cover-ups of other levels of crime, acquisitive or not. The code has been called "America's Most Successful Stop Snitchin' Campaign", referring to cases where police covered up the misdeeds of fellow officers and where whistleblowers were harassed, professionally sanctioned, or forced into retirement.

Exposing the code
One method of minimizing the effects of the blue wall of silence is exposing those who follow it. Many states have taken measures in police academies to promote the exposure of the blue code. In most cities, before being admitted into the academy one must pass a criminal background check. Through additional background checks, polygraph testing, and psychological evaluations, certain departments are better able to select individuals who are less likely to condone wrongdoing. In these departments, police are exposed to a basic training curriculum that instructs on ethical behavior; this instruction is reinforced in seminars and classes annually in some cases.

Several campaigns against the blue code of silence or for making it more visible in the public eye have taken place in the United States. One of the first of these campaigns was the Knapp Commission in New York (officially known as the Commission to Investigate Alleged Police Corruption) which was headed by Mayor John V. Lindsay in 1970. Over 20 years after the Knapp Commission the Mollen Commission was established in 1992 by New York City Mayor David Dinkins to investigate the nature and extent of corruption in the New York City Police Department NYPD, and to recommend changes to improve these procedures. These and other investigations have revealed details of the inner workings of the NYPD.

title: Blue wall of silence


text:
Wikipedia talk:Articles for deletion/Andrew Clemo

User: Jasonglchu was in a band with Andy himself. he shouldn't lie —Preceding unsigned comment added by 212.219.8.187 (talk • contribs) 17:56, 14 Jun 2005
 * This is patently false. jglc | t | c 19:00, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)


text: User talk:69.157.64.22

title: User talk:69.157.64.22


text:
List of birdwatchers

This is a list of notable birdwatchers and of people who are notable in their own right but also happen to be birdwatchers.

First are listed birdwatchers with large life lists, which is based on the number of species of birds each of them has/had seen. Depending on the taxonomic viewpoint, there are 10,858 (Clements V2023) or 11,032 (IOC ver. 14.1) living bird species recognised.

Large life lists
As of March 2024 according to the iGoTerra website, there are 13 birders who have added 9,000 or more species of birds to their life lists. An additional 15 birders have added at least 8,000 species of life birds. Note: all known sources of bird species life list data are self-reported.

Birders with over 8,000 species include:

 * Peter Kaestner: 10,002 / 10,013  / 9,851  (#1 on Surfbirds / #1 on iGoTerra / #1 on eBird).  Discovered the Cundinamarca antpitta (Grallaria kaestneri), which was subsequently named after him. First birder to see a representative of each of the world's (currently 249 [2021 eBird/Clements list] or 253 [2024 IOC list]) bird families.
 * Philip Rostron: 9,763 (#2 on Surfbirds)
 * Claes-Göran Cederlund: 9,761/ 9,829  (#3 on Surfbirds, #2 on iGoTerra). Deceased 2020)
 * Sue Williamson: 9,306 (#14 on Surfbirds—#1 female birder)
 * Phoebe Snetsinger: 8,398 (deceased 1999). First person ever to see 8,000 species. At time of her death in Madagascar she was World #1.
 * Bernard Master: 8,346 The Chocó vireo (Vireo masteri) is named after him.

Other notable birdwatchers

 * Ramana Athreya: birdwatcher and astronomer
 * John James Audubon, ornithologist and painter
 * Mindy Baha El Din: ornithologist and environmentalist
 * Florence Merriam Bailey: ornithologist and author of several early field guides
 * Jim Clements: author of The Clements Checklist of the Birds of the World; 7,200 (deceased in 2005)
 * Christian Cooper: host of National Geographic's Extraordinary Birder
 * Dominic Couzens: ornithologist and author
 * Lee G R Evans: British twitcher and ornithologist
 * Kenn Kaufman: American field guide author and writer
 * Richard Koeppel: subject of To See Every Bird on Earth; a life list of over 7,000
 * Starr Saphir: led bird walks in New York City's Central Park for nearly four decades
 * David Allen Sibley: American artist and field guide author

Birdwatchers famous for achievements in other fields

 * Margaret Atwood, Canadian poet, novelist, literary critic, essayist, and environmental activist
 * Sean Bean, English actor of stage and screen
 * Stephen Breyer, United States Supreme Court Justice
 * Laura Bush, former First Lady of the United States
 * Jarvis Cocker, English musician and frontman for the band Pulp
 * George Crook, 19th century U.S. Army General
 * Keith Flint, English singer and vocalist of the Prodigy
 * Anna Ford, journalist and television presenter
 * Jonathan Franzen, American novelist and essayist
 * Graeme Gibson, Canadian novelist
 * Trudie Goodwin, English actress
 * Daryl Hannah, American actress
 * Mick Jagger, English musician, singer, songwriter and actor, best known as lead vocalist and founding member of the Rolling Stones
 * Joanna Lumley, English actress, voice-over artist, former-model and author
 * Paul McCartney, English musician, best known as member of the Beatles.
 * Rory McGrath, British comedian and writer
 * Eric Morecambe, English comedian
 * Tig Notaro, American Stand-up comic and actor
 * Bill Oddie, Actor, author, comedian, television presenter
 * Vic Reeves, English comedian
 * Debby Reynolds, British veterinary surgeon
 * Theodore Roosevelt, President of the United States
 * Alison Steadman, English actress
 * Lili Taylor, American actress, American Birding Association board member
 * Laura Wade, British playwright
 * Samuel West, British actor and director
 * Brian Briggs, singer-songwriter with Stornoway and The Glass Aisle

title: List of birdwatchers


text:
Henry Boucha

Henry Charles Boucha (June 1, 1951 – September 18, 2023) was a Native American professional ice hockey center. Boucha played in both the National Hockey League (NHL) and World Hockey Association (WHA) between 1971 and 1977. In the NHL he played for the Detroit Red Wings, Minnesota North Stars, Kansas City Scouts, and Colorado Rockies, while in the WHA he played for the Minnesota Fighting Saints. His career was cut short by an eye injury by Dave Forbes. Internationally Boucha played for the American national team at two World Championships and at the 1972 Winter Olympics, where he won a silver medal.

A full-blooded Ojibwe, Boucha's distant cousin Gary Sargent and his second cousin T. J. Oshie have also played in the NHL.

Amateur career
Boucha played high school hockey for Warroad High School in Warroad, Minnesota, leading his team to the 1969 state tournament where he was injured during a 5–4 overtime loss to Edina. He is considered one of the best players to ever play Minnesota high school hockey.

While serving in the U.S. Army, Boucha joined the United States national ice hockey team on a full-time basis in 1970 as the U.S. won the "Pool B" qualification tournament. He participated in the 1971 Ice Hockey World Championships in Bern, Switzerland where he scored seven goals in ten games for Team USA. Boucha was also one of the biggest stars of the 1972 United States Olympic hockey team which received the silver medal.

Professional career
Boucha was drafted in the second round, 16th overall by the Detroit Red Wings in the 1971 NHL Entry Draft (he was also drafted first overall by the Minnesota Fighting Saints of the rival WHA but chose not to defect to the WHA). Boucha scored a goal in his first NHL game after the Olympics and was voted Detroit rookie of the year in his first full NHL season. The Red Wings sent him to the Minnesota North Stars in exchange for Danny Grant in 1974. Boucha was enjoying a solid year in his home state; on January 4, 1975, he was assaulted in a highly publicized stick incident by Dave Forbes of the Boston Bruins. The attack left Boucha with a cracked bone around his eye and blurred vision. Forbes was prosecuted for aggravated assault. His trial resulted in a hung jury.

Boucha never really recovered from the injury. He attempted a comeback with the Minnesota Fighting Saints of the WHA in 1975–76 and then returned to the NHL as a free agent with the Kansas City Scouts in later 1975-76. In 1976 the franchise moved to Denver, Colorado and became the Colorado Rockies, from whom he retired from professional hockey after only nine games.

Before the NHL required players to wear a helmet, Boucha wore a headband. His nickname was "the Chief".

Post-playing career
Boucha fell on hard times due to his unexpectedly early retirement from ice hockey (his agent was negotiating a four-year contract with the North Stars but the talks were never completed due to the injury). He went through a period of divorce and drug and alcohol abuse before straightening out his life in the 1980s. He re-established himself in his native community and became active in various Native American causes.

Henry Boucha died on September 18, 2023, at the age of 72.

International play

 * Ice hockey world championships, Pool B, 1970 (first, won promotion to Pool A)
 * Ice hockey world championships, Pool A, 1971 (sixth place)
 * Olympic tournament, 1972 (second place)

Awards and achievements

 * Detroit Red Wings rookie]of the year – 1972–73
 * Inducted into the United States Hockey Hall of Fame in 1995

title: Henry Boucha


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User talk:DoctorWho42

Welcome messages
You seem to be back at spamming hundreds of editors with Welcome messages. Is there any particular reason for this? You have received warnings in the past for such behaviour, and I want to make sure you're not headed back down that road again. Primefac (talk) 09:48, 19 June 2023 (UTC)
 * my bad i'll make different edits.– 🐦DrWho42  👻  14:55, 19 June 2023 (UTC)

Assessing files
We don't usually assess files for the Ireland WikiProject as there is no actual classification for them. All it does not add a file classification which is obvious by the "File" prefix. As you see out of almost 100,000 pages only 163 have been assessed but their function is basically of almost no use. I personally never bother as I don't see any point in it. Thanks ww2censor (talk) 10:40, 20 June 2023 (UTC)
 * oh, my mistake! i was not aware but thanks for letting me know. i'll avoid adding image files' talk pages to WikiProject Ireland.-- 🐦DrWho42  👻  10:42, 20 June 2023 (UTC)

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Doctor Who and the Pirates
Someone PRODded Doctor Who and the Pirates. I objected and added a little to the article. If you agree that it should be kept, would you please take a look and see if you can add any useful cites to the article? Thanks! -- Ssilvers (talk) 23:58, 22 November 2023 (UTC)

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Banner shells
Hi there, thank you for your contributions. Please could I ask why you're setting collapsed=yes when adding banner shells, e.g. Draft talk:Azriel Dalman? Especially when there is nothing else on the talk pages, and the default is "no" for that parameter. Thank you. -Kj cheetham (talk) 12:00, 10 January 2024 (UTC)

 * I was just about to ask this, but I see @Kj cheetham has beaten me to it. My view is that it is only worth considering the addition of collapsed=yes if there are a number of other banners on the page, and/or if the page is within the scope of a very large number of WikiProjects; and not by default.Also, if you don't mind me asking, can I just double check if these edits are being made manually or (semi-)automatically? It's just that you've made quite a large number of these edits, with a (relatively) short amount of time in between a lot of them. I also just want to make sure you're aware of WP:MEATBOT - given the large volume of edits being made, I would ask that you consider submitting a BRFA.(Also, I noticed that you've tagged categories such as Category talk:AfC submissions by date/05 December 2023 with WikiProject Articles for creation -- I'm not a member of that project, but - by my understanding - that template is for pages which have passed AfC review, and the correct template to use here is WikiProject Articles for creation (admin).)All the best, —a smart kitten[ meow] 17:35, 10 January 2024 (UTC)

 * Aw yeah! My bad. It was copied from a previous talk page but i'll omit it from now on. the edits are done manually so i apologise for the mistakes!- 🐦DrWho42  👻  21:47, 10 January 2024 (UTC)
 * also, if you're interested in WikiProject tagging, are you aware of the WP:RATER tool? Plus for your awareness, as part of the WP:PIQA implemention there are a couple of bots running which I believe includes added a banner shell template to all article talk pages which don't already have one. -Kj cheetham (talk) 22:11, 10 January 2024 (UTC)
 * Hello, per above, may I ask you to leave this task to bots? Your edits pollute watchlists and frankly seem like a waste of time. 1234qwer1234qwer4 13:04, 25 January 2024 (UTC)

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MfD nomination of User talk:Heuh0/Userboxes/American terrorism
User talk:Heuh0/Userboxes/American terrorism, a page which you created or substantially contributed to, has been nominated for deletion. Your opinions on the matter are welcome; you may participate in the discussion by adding your comments at Wikipedia:Miscellany for deletion/User talk:Heuh0/Userboxes/American terrorism and please be sure to sign your comments with four tildes ( ~ ). You are free to edit the content of User talk:Heuh0/Userboxes/American terrorism during the discussion but should not remove the miscellany for deletion template from the top of the page; such a removal will not end the deletion discussion. Thank you. RadioactiveBoulevardier (talk) 04:51, 29 February 2024 (UTC)

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Nomination of Empire of Death (Doctor Who novel) for deletion
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title: User talk:DoctorWho42


text: User talk:71.105.248.22

title: User talk:71.105.248.22


text:
User:Barack Obama's DNA

__NOINDEX__

title: User:Barack Obama's DNA


text:
Talk:List of transmission sites

Famous?
What counts as famous? Secretlondon 17:58, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I was thinking the same thing. None of these are all that famous to me. I would have expected common locations for transmission towers, such as the John Hancock Tower, Mount Washington, Telecom Tower... even still, "famous" doesn't quite cut it. - Keith D. Tyler ¶ July 7, 2005 22:30 (UTC)

The list is optimized for Europe, but it can expand to the whole world! —Preceding unsigned comment added by User: (talk • contribs)

I agree, famous is asking for POV. Possibly the antenna on my car is famous?? Suggest to rename article to List of Transmission Sites Arnoutf 11:26, 11 January 2007 (UTC)

HAARP
HAARP in alaska should be in here, no? 24.3.123.191 (talk) 04:52, 2 March 2012 (UTC)

What does this sentence even mean?
"Outside of Europe senders and repeater stations are emphatically presented from international services."

Er, what? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 192.34.135.230 (talk) 12:53, 15 April 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:List of transmission sites


text:
Fahrenheit (1995 video game)

Fahrenheit is a full motion video game developed and published by Sega for release on the Sega CD and Sega 32X CD in 1995.

Developed primarily as a 32X CD title, it also saw a release on the Sega CD, where it was the same game, but with downgraded video quality. Both versions were bundled and sold together as one package for the North American release, while Japan and Europe only saw the Sega CD version released.

Gameplay
Fahrenheit is one of the many full-motion-video games that were released for the Sega CD in the 1990s. Played through a first-person perspective it follows a rookie firefighter belonging to a fictional fire house called "Company 13".

After an introduction exposition scene the player advances to the first of three burning buildings (i.e. a house, an apartment, and a college service basement) to rescue victims and property while disposing of potential hazards (explosives, kerosene, gas valves, etc.).

As the player wanders through each building, an on-screen menu will pop up, allowing movement to the left, right or forward. The game is timed, so decisions must be made quickly or the computer will make the (wrong) decisions for the player. In addition to this, the player has a limited supply of oxygen.

The game has three different levels of difficulty and a password feature.

Reception
On release, GamePro called the game "a well-executed thriller that slowly builds in intensity." Though they complained that players are given too much time to think about their choices, they praised the game's cinematic presentation, tough decision making, and use of aural clues. Famicom Tsūshin scored the Mega-CD version of the game a 24 out of 40.

GamePro later did a separate review for the 32X version, commenting that "The strong elements of Fahrenheit on the Sega CD get even better on the 32X CD." Next Generation scored the 32X version two out of five stars, commenting, "Fahrenheit is unusual in that it lets you decide where to go, something that has never been done in an FMV game before. That feature alone almost makes this game fun. However, the typically bad acting, grainy video, and lack of gameplay don't allow the fun to happen."

title: Fahrenheit (1995 video game)


text:
User:Debroglie

Hello.... i'm too lazy to write a page for me =)

For messaging, my talk page is User_talk:Debroglie

Warcraft

 * Aegwynn
 * Hero Siege
 * Defense of the Ancients
 * Rexxar
 * Arthas Menethil
 * Alleria Windrunner
 * Tower Defense
 * Thrall (Warcraft)
 * and many others...

Misc

 * Coffee
 * Wardriving

title: User:Debroglie


text:
Capela dos Ossos

The Capela dos Ossos (English: Chapel of Bones) is one of the best-known monuments in Évora, Portugal. It is a small interior chapel located next to the entrance of the Church of St. Francis. The Chapel gets its name because the interior walls are covered and decorated with human skulls and bones.

Origin
The Capela dos Ossos was built by Franciscan friars. It is a church of bones. An estimated 5,000 corpses were exhumed to decorate the walls of the chapel. The bones, which came from ordinary people who were buried in Évora's medieval cemeteries, were arranged by the Franciscans in a variety of patterns.

Description
The chapel is formed by three spans 18.7 m long and 11 m wide. Light enters through three small openings on the left. Its walls and eight pillars are decorated in carefully arranged bones and skulls held together by cement. The ceiling is made of white painted brick and is painted with death motifs. The number of skeletons of friars was calculated to be about 5,000, coming from the cemeteries that were situated inside several dozen churches. Some of these skulls have been scribbled with graffiti. Two desiccated corpses, one of which is a child, are in glass display cases. And at the roof of chapel, the phrase "Melior est dies mortis die nativitatis (Better is the day of death than the day of birth)" (Ecclesiastes, 7, 1) from Vulgate is written.

Poem

Inside the Capela dos Ossos a poem about the need to reflect on one's existence hangs in an old wooden frame on one of the pillars. It is attributed to Fr. António da Ascenção Teles, parish priest of the village of São Pedro (wherein the Church of Saint Francis with its Capela dos Ossos was erected) from 1845 to 1848.

title: Capela dos Ossos


text:
Larisa Shepitko

Larisa Yefimovna Shepitko (Лари́са Ефи́мовна Шепи́тько, Лариса Юхимівна Шепітько; 6 January 1938 – 2 July 1979) was a Soviet film director and screenwriter of Ukrainian origin. She is considered one of the best female directors of all time, with her film The Ascent being the second film directed by a woman to win a Golden Bear and the third film directed by a woman to win a top award at a major European film festival (Cannes, Venice, Berlin).

Shepitko was also considered one of the most prominent Soviet filmmakers during both the Khrushchev Thaw and the Era of Stagnation. The Khrushchev Thaw was a direct response to the limitations that were forced upon Soviet citizens during Stalin's reign, and essentially marked the inception of an innovative return to the cinematic arts. Shepitko's career was cut short in 1979 when she was killed in a car accident while scouting locations for the film Farewell. Her husband Elem Klimov created a 20-minute tribute documentary called Larisa to honor her legacy.

Early life and education
Shepitko was born in Artemovsk, a town in Eastern Ukraine now known as Bakhmut. One of three children, she was raised by her mother, a schoolteacher. Her father, a military officer, divorced Shepitko's mother and abandoned his family when Larisa was very young. She recalled, "My father fought all through the war. To me, the war was one of the most powerful early impressions. I remember the feeling of life upset, the family separated. I remember hunger and how our mother and us, the three children, were evacuated. The impression of a global calamity certainly left an indelible mark in my child's mind." Because of this, her work often deals with loneliness and isolation.

In 1954, she graduated high school in Lviv. Shepitko moved to Moscow when she was sixteen, entering the All-Union State Institute of Cinematography as a student of Alexander Dovzhenko. She was a student of Dovzhenko's for 18 months until he died in 1956. She felt a kinship between their shared heritage and social realist imagery. She also adopted his motto, "Make every film as if it's your last."

Despite working in a very male dominated environment with a historical legacy of primarily male-made films to learn from, she would later state that, "I never tried to take male directors as a model, because I know only too well that any attempt by my female friends, my colleagues—both junior and senior—to imitate male filmmakers makes no sense because it’s all derivative."

Directing
Shepitko graduated from VGIK in 1963 with her prize winning diploma film Heat, or Znoy, made when she was 22 years old. In the film, Kemel, a recent school graduate, travels into an isolated part of the steppes to work in a small communal farm camp in Central Asia during the mid-1950s. The film was influenced by a short story, "The Camel's Eye", by Chingiz Aitmatov. Her film showed Dovzhenko's impression, both in its parched setting and its naturalistic style. During the editing phase of the film, Shepitko was helped by Elem Klimov who also was a student at VGIK at that time. The two would later marry and have a child. During the filming of Heat, Shepitko contracted Hepatitis A and oftentimes she would direct portions of the film from a stretcher. Temperatures on locations could reach upwards of 50 degrees Celsius which caused the film to melt inside of the camera numerous times. Heat won the Symposium Grand Prix ex aequo at the Karlovy Vary IFF in 1964 and an award at the All-Union Film Festival in Leningrad.

Shepitko's first post-institute film Wings concerns a much-decorated female fighter pilot of World War II. The pilot, now principal of a vocational college, is out of touch with her daughter and the new generation. She has so internalized the military ideas of service and obedience that she cannot adjust to life during peacetime. Shepitko brings to light the inner life of a middle-aged woman who must reconcile her past with her present reality. She expresses this by contrasting her character's repression, marked by claustrophobic interiors and tight compositions, with heavenly, expansive shots of sky and clouds, representing the freedom of her flying days. Actress Maya Bulgakova inhabits this stern but reasonable woman with empathy and humor. The film aroused considerable Soviet press controversy at the time, as films were not meant to depict conflicts between children and parents (Vronskaya 1972, p. 39). It started a public debate by acknowledging a generation gap and for painting a war hero as a forgotten, lost soul.

In 1967, she shot the second of the three episodes in a portmanteau film titled Beginning of an Unknown Era, made to commemorate the fiftieth anniversary of the October Revolution. Shepitko's episode, The Homeland of Electricity, follows a young engineer who brings electric power to an impoverished village. The film as a whole was judged by the authorities to show the Bolsheviks in an unflattering light, and was left unreleased. Two of the episodes, including The Homeland of Electricity, were found and shown publicly for the first time in 1987, but the film in its complete original form is believed lost.

In 1969, she shot her first color film, a musical-fantasy film titled In the 13th Hour of the Night, a New Year's revue starring Vladimir Basov, Georgy Vitsin, Zinovy Gerdt, Spartak Mishulin and Anatoly Papanov.

Shepitko's third film, You and Me, follows the lives of two male surgeons struggling with different notions of fulfillment. It is both a character study and a critique of consumerism. This was her second and last film in color. It was favorably received at the Venice Film Festival.

In 1977 Shepitko released The Ascent, her last completed film and the one which received the most attention in the West. The actors Boris Plotnikov and Vladimir Gostyukhin gained their first major roles in the film. Adapted from a novel by Vasili Bykov, Shepitko returns to the sufferings of World War II, chronicling the trials and tribulations of a group of pro-Soviet partisans in Belarus in the bleak winter of 1942. Two of the partisans, Sotnikov and Rybak, are captured by the Wehrmacht and then interrogated by a local collaborator, played by Anatoly Solonitsyn, before four of them are executed in public. This depiction of the martyrdom of the Soviets owes much to Christian iconography. The Ascent won the Golden Bear at the 27th Berlin International Film Festival in 1977. It was also the official submission of the Soviet Union for the Best Foreign Language Film of the 50th Academy Awards in 1978, and it was included in "1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die" by Steven Schneider.

Shepitko wanted the film to adhere to the authenticity of what Soviet soldiers would have experienced during World War II. The cast was derived of no-name actors whose backgrounds fit the characters she wanted them to portray. The film was shot in Murom during the severe winters of Russia where temperatures reached 40 degrees below zero. Shepitko refused any special treatment and only wore clothing that the cast wore to embody the suffering that they went through.

Shepitko's growing international reputation led to an invitation to serve on the jury at the 28th Berlin International Film Festival in 1978. Shepitko was offered a chance to direct in Hollywood, which she put off until she could improve her English. Shepitko's son Anton Klimov claims that Francis Ford Coppola screened his 1979 film Apocalypse Now to Shepitko before its release to get her thoughts on it.

Censorship
During the Soviet regime, the communist government would censor films that they did not approve of. This was the case for three of Shepitko's early films: Wings, The Homeland of Electricity, and You and Me. Wings was released to a limited audience and then later banned, The Homeland of Electricity was never shown in theaters, and You and Me was dropped and replaced from release in the Venice Film Festival by the Soviet government. She began working on the production of the film Belorussian Station in 1971 and planned to change the optimistic tone of the original tale to a more tragic one. As news got out of these plans, Mosfilm removed her from production and replaced her with a "less controversial director", Andrei Smirnov.

Censorship during this time didn't have a clear format to follow. Films were approved solely on which government official saw the film first. Elim Klimov explained that The Ascent, Shepitko's most popular film, was only released in theaters because during its screening Pyetr Masherov, the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Belorussia, "wiped away his tears and broke the crowd's stunned silence by speaking for forty minutes on the importance of the film". Masherov himself was a war veteran of the Belorussian partisan movement and related closely to what the film depicted. Within several days of the screening, The Ascent was officially accepted without any changes.

Acting
Before Shepitko directed feature-lengths, she acted in three films during her time at VGIK. She was an extra in Eldar Ryazanov's Carnival Night and played Hanna in Yuriy Lysenko's Tavriya. Lastly, she played Nina in Nikolai Litus and Igor Zemgano's Obyknovennaya istoriya. She also appeared briefly in her husband Elem Klimov's film Sport, Sport, Sport, released in 1970.

Style
Shepitko's filmmaking style is often associated with realism, characterized by a substantial degree of naturalism that emits a genuine depiction of the subject matter she explores. Most of her films are shot in black-and-white and feature isolated settings. Her shot compositions frequently focus on body parts which creates a sense of intimacy with her characters.

Shepitko also employs grand landscape shots and the use of negative space to emphasize the isolation faced by her characters. Examples of this can be seen in The Ascent where two soldiers struggle to survive in the middle of a snowstorm, and in Wings where an ex-war pilot flies alone, illustrating her disconnect from modern society.

Shepitko's style evokes a lot of visual, poetic symbolism. Much of this style was influenced by her teacher at VGIK, Alexander Dovzhenko.

Themes
The most noticeable theme in Shepitko's filmmaking career is war. More specifically, World War II in hindsight of how it relates to the modern age. In Wings, Shepitko depicts a post-World War II setting where an ex-pilot reminisces being seen as a hero of the war. For The Ascent, Shepitko describes in an interview that the reason for her wanting to make a film actually set during World War II was because she saw its thematic substance applicable to what she sought out of the modern climate of Soviet culture: “Each time period brings certain issues to the surface, and the question of heroism in today’s times is perhaps just as burning an issue now as it was in a time of war.”

The Calvert Journal states that, "Shepitko is a political filmmaker, but one rooted firmly in humanism rather than ideology. Both Wings and The Ascent are fiercely pacifist works which explore — albeit from different angles — the tragic consequences of conflict. Heroic myths are brutally stripped away, leaving instead unapologetically unpatriotic accounts of the toxic cost of war."

According to Shepitko's husband in his Larisa tribute short film, "Larisa came close to the central theme of her work—the unsparing judgement of oneself and the great responsibility each of us has for the things we’ve done in life." This was in response to his thoughts on her film You and Me, and how from there on forward this would become the prominent exploration in her films The Ascent and Farewell.

Shepitko's films sometimes feature religious themes. The Ascent uses the story of Judas and Jesus to compare and contrast her two main characters.

Marriage
In 1963, Shepitko met Elem Klimov while finishing her film Heat. Later that year the two married. They had one child, Anton, who was born in 1973.

Health
Shepitko struggled with physical and mental health problems at various points in her career. While filming Heat, she came down with Hepatitis A and had to direct some scenes from a stretcher. The repeated censorship of her work took a toll on her mental health, leading to a breakdown and hospitalization in a sanatorium in the early 1970s. During her hospitalization, Shepitko suffered a fall that damaged her spine, which complicated her pregnancy and made the birth of her son Anton in 1973 a near-death experience.

Death
Shepitko died in a car crash on a highway near the city of Tver with four members of her shooting team in 1979 while scouting locations for her planned adaptation of the novel Farewell to Matyora by Valentin Rasputin. Andrei Tarkovsky, a fellow filmmaker and friend of Shepitko, wrote in his journal about the event after attending her funeral, "... A car accident. All killed instantly. So suddenly, that not one of them had adrenaline in the blood. It seems that the driver fell asleep at the wheel. It was early morning. Between Ostachkovo and Kalinin". Her husband, the director Elem Klimov, finished the work under the title Farewell and also made a 25-minute tribute entitled Larisa (1980).

Farewell is about a small village on a beautiful island threatened with flooding. The film follows the inhabitants and their farewell to their homeland. "Critics maintained that the final product lacked Shepitko’s unique personal vision, obviously a point of view that could never be replicated". Composer Alfred Schnittke, who had worked with Shepitko many times previously on scoring her films, dedicated his String Quartet No. 2 (1981) to Shepitko's memory.

Klimov's tribute short film Larisa claims that Shepitko had been preparing all her life to make Farewell, and that it would have certainly been the high point of her career.

The author of the novel that Farewell is based on, Valentin Rasputin, stated that, "...I wanted to try and prevent Matyora from being filmed. I wanted to preserve Matyora in its original genre, as a piece of prose, but Larisa managed to persuade me very quickly. She started describing what she imagined the future film to be like, and she was so passionate about it, so interested in it, that I completely forgot my intention not to let go of Matyora."

Legacy
In 2008, The Criterion Collection released Eclipse Series 11, which featured the work of Larisa Shepitko. The series included Wings and The Ascent. In 2021, the collection released a standalone restoration of The Ascent.

A memorial plaque was erected on Pavla Kovzhuna Street in Lviv, Ukraine, the city where Shepitko grew up.

Filmography
Shepitko made a total of five feature-length films, including a TV film In the Thirteenth Hour of the Night. She also made the second segment of the omnibus film Beginning of an Unknown Era. She died in 1979 when her last film, Farewell, just started filming. Her husband, Elem Klimov completed the film in 1981.

title: Larisa Shepitko


text:
Princeton station (NJ Transit)

Princeton is the northern terminus of the Princeton Branch commuter rail service operated by NJ Transit (NJT), and is located on the Princeton University campus in Princeton, New Jersey. At the branch's southern end at Princeton Junction, connections are available to NJT's Northeast Corridor Line and peak-hour Amtrak trains. The shuttle train between the two stations is known as the "Dinky", and has also been known as the "PJ&B", for "Princeton Junction and Back". Now running 2.7 mi along a single track, it is the shortest scheduled commuter rail line in the United States. Initial studies have been conducted to add a bus transitway along the Dinky right-of-way as part of a proposed bus rapid transit system.

Service on the Princeton Branch was suspended from October 14, 2018 through May 11, 2019, replaced by shuttle buses, as part of NJT's systemwide service reductions during the installation and testing of positive train control.

Plans to relocate Princeton station 460 ft (140 m) south, proposed by the university in 2006 and approved by NJT and the Princeton Regional Planning Board, were met with opposition from some commuters, residents, alumni, and transportation advocates. The historic 1918 train station closed permanently on August 23, 2013. Approximately 1,200 ft (370 m) to the southeast, a temporary station operated from August 26, 2013 through November 9, 2014, accompanied by various bus routes shuttling among the old station, the temporary station, and Princeton Junction. The new permanent Princeton station, designed by architect Rick Joy, opened on November 17, 2014, with construction continuing on a complex of arts and dining buildings in the surrounding area. The new station includes a Wawa store, which originally opened in 1974 next to the old station.

History
The original 1865 location of Princeton station, in what became the university's Blair Courtyard, 0.15 mi south of Nassau Street, was replaced by the 1918 station, built on a site 0.25 mi further south. The historic 1918 station was constructed when the branch was part of the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR) under the direction of architect-engineer Alexander C. Shand, who had also overseen construction of the now-demolished Philadelphia Broad Street Station. Designed in the Collegiate Gothic style, the 1918 Princeton station contained a stone station house, a stone freight house, and a canopy-covered platform. The station has been owned by several different parties since the PRR era: Penn Central (1968–1976), Conrail (1976–June 1984), New Jersey Department of Transportation, New Jersey Transit Rail Operations (to October 1984), and Princeton University. It was listed on the New Jersey Register of Historic Places and the National Register of Historic Places in 1984 as part of the Operating Passenger Railroad Stations Thematic Resource.

Relocation controversy
In 2006, Princeton University announced its intention to construct a new arts center, calling for the replacement of the 1918 station house, the shortening of the trackage right-of-way, and the creation of a new terminus 460 ft to the south. Rail advocates opposed the relocation, fearing that access to the new station would be less convenient, resulting in decreased ridership that could "threaten the train's existence." The proposal prompted protest from residents, students, faculty and alumni, and led to the creation of the organization Save the Dinky.

In October 2010, the Princeton Regional Planning Board passed a resolution supporting the continuation of train service. On October 3, 2011, Save the Dinky and four local residents filed suit against the university and NJT to stop the move. Meanwhile, the borough, township, and university prepared a memo of understanding in which the school promised to fund a transit study and provide other benefits in exchange for rezoning for the combined arts/transit project.

The station house has been the property of the university since 1984, when it purchased it from NJT, with guarantees of public use. That year it was listed on the state historic register (ID#1742) and in a thematic survey for the National Register of Historic Places. In 2012, NJT requested abandonment of that public use from the state Historic Preservation Office. Save the Dinky contended that the move would breach the original agreement when the property was transferred, would cause inconvenience, and would be poor planning. The university considered it to be a necessary improvement for redevelopment of the neighborhood. In December 2012, the Regional Planning Board gave approval for the project to proceed. In June 2013, NJT approved a property transfer agreement with the university, involving three parcels around the station and the proposed arts center. The U.S. Surface Transportation Board declined a petition to review the planned move. The New Jersey court system dismissed the 2011 lawsuit in December 2013, and a related appeal in March 2014, and a follow-up petition in July 2014, and a challenge against the Regional Planning Board in January 2015, and two further appeals in February 2016. , weekday ridership was down 20 percent from 2012, the last full year of the old station.

Dinky Transitway
The Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission and New Jersey Transit have conducted studies to develop the Central New Jersey Route 1 Bus Rapid Transit Project. Parts of the proposals call for the construction of a "Dinky Transitway" along the Princeton Branch right-of-way, which would incorporate the rail service and add exclusive bus lanes and a greenway for bicycle and pedestrian traffic. In 2011, NJT indicated that moving the station would not be detrimental to its planning.

In April 2012, the university submitted a revised plan for the arts and transit center, calling for the extension of the station's freight house onto the right-of-way for possible use as a restaurant. The Regional Planning Board introduced an ordinance requiring the land be preserved for a transportation right-of-way that could eventually extend farther into the central business district at Nassau Street. According to the university, ownership of the trackage would have to change hands in order for the extended transitway to be implemented. Approvals were subsequently issued for converting the station house and the expanded freight house into a pair of restaurants, preserving two original ticket windows for kitchen views, and using the wooden arrival/departure boards as overhead menus. The Dinky Bar & Kitchen opened in the old station in 2016.

title: Princeton station (NJ Transit)


text:
Southport Pleasureland

Southport Pleasureland is an amusement park located in Southport, Merseyside, England. The park originally operated from 1913 to 2006 as Pleasureland Theme Park under the ownership of the Blackpool Pleasure Beach company. In 2007, the park re-opened under the ownership of Norman Wallis.

Pleasureland (1913–2006)
The first Pleasureland had operated since 1913 as a sister amusement park to Blackpool Pleasure Beach. In 2005, the park introduced an entrance fee, which proved unpopular and resulted in a severe downturn in the number of visitors. On 5 September 2006 it closed, due to a claimed lack of return on investments.

A number of rides, including the Traumatizer, were moved to the company's site at Blackpool.

The park included several historical rides such as the Cyclone wooden rollercoaster; on 14 September 2006, pictures were released onto the Internet of people dismantling the Cyclone, much to the dismay of local residents, Pleasureland fans, and coaster enthusiasts. On 18 September 2006, two protesters climbed to the top of the Cyclone in an attempt to save it. The protest lasted for three hours, after which the protesters came down over police concerns regarding the distraction they posed to passing motorists. There was a petition co-ordinated by a group of coaster enthusiasts to try and save the ride, but this effort also failed. The Cyclone was demolished on 20 November 2006.

One of the park's unique features was its Funhouse with traditional funhouse attractions such as the Wheel and the Social Mixer. The Funhouse continued to operate independently for several months until its closure on 31 March 2007. Soon after, the funhouse was gutted and parts taken to Blackpool; speculation exists that these will form party of a future heritage fairground museum in Blackpool.

Not much is known about the fate of many of the classic rides at Pleasureland, although some were purchased and put into storage for the Dreamland revival project in Margate.

Southport Pleasureland (2007–future)
On 31 May 2007, it was announced that Dreamstorm International were to invest £100 million at the Pleasureland site. Pleasureland was re-opened to the public on 21 July 2007 and renamed New Pleasureland. In June 2007, some of the original Pleasureland buildings were demolished, except for buildings around the perimeter. The site re-opened under new management as scheduled, with a temporary travelling fairground. Then, following a successful summer season, the park was kept open (weekends only) until November 2007, when some demolition of remaining unwanted buildings was carried out and refurbishment of other buildings completed. A Pinfari "Zyklon Loop" rollercoaster was constructed on the site where the Traumatizer once stood and was opened at the start of the 2008 season, named 'Storm'. The Traumatizer was moved to Blackpool Pleasure Beach and opened as the Infusion in 2007.

2008
The Park reopened in 2008 on 21 March. However, on 20 March, Sefton Council announced that a company called Urban Splash had been chosen to develop Southport seafront including the Pleasureland site. Here is a report from BBC News. It was announced in October 2008 that New Pleasureland would return for the 2009/2010 seasons. An official opening schedule has been announced for 2009,

The Traumatizer station building has been demolished. In February 2008, the site of the Cyclone Rollercoaster was landscaped, and part of the old River Caves ride demolished to make room for more rides.

"Norman Returns The Pleasure" The Park re-opened for the 2008 season on 15 March and rides added for the summer months. Work has also continued on the grounds to make them look more presentable. A Big Top Circus was added during the summer weeks but was removed by its owners after only 2 weeks in the park due to the low number of people visiting New Pleasureland at the start of the summer holiday period. In Summer 2008, a new static ride was opened in the form of a swinging pirate ship. In early 2008, a new roller coaster opened. "Indy's Lost World - The Ride" is a themed indoor roller coaster, based on the latest Indiana Jones' film; Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull The roller coaster is situated inside the old Fun House building. In September 2008, it was announced that New Pleasureland will return for the 2009/2010 season. In October 2008, the park's Pinfari Roller Coaster, Storm was removed from the park and sold.

2009
On the evening of 21 April, an arson attack took place, destroying the Lost Dinosaurs of the Sahara (River Caves) and a nearby inflatable attraction. In May 2009, the original Pleasureland Wildcat coaster was bought by Norman Wallis and rebuilt in its original location. The Wildcat opened on 12 August 2009.

2010
The 'Haunted Inn', the only remaining original feature of Pleasureland, was destroyed in a fire on 30 January 2010. The Pleasureland main entrance building, which was built not long before the original park closed in 2006, was also demolished in February 2010. The Casablanca Entertainment complex was repainted white in June 2010 and is awaiting refurbishment.

Indy's Lost World Indoor Roller Coaster was closed early 2010. It is to be replaced with a new Indoor Ghost Train. The ride opened in July 2010.

Battlefield Live Southport has opened on the site of the old Southport Zoo, which is immediately adjacent to Pleasureland. Battlefield Live is an outdoor combat game using guns that fire infra-red beams. The site is accessed via Pleasureland and it opened in August 2010.

2011
The park opened during the Easter Holidays hosting a Monster Truck weekend. A circus was also moved onto the site for the spring season. The previous weekend hosted an Urban Graffiti Art Festival.

2012
The park opened in March, with a new ride called "Air" and a new log flume ride was constructed on the site of the old log flume which was demolished in 2007. A new 'Events Arena' was opened in July with plans to be used as a concert venue.

2013
The park re-opened in March, with 3 new rides from Camelot Theme Park which closed in 2012.

2014
The park underwent a further rebrand for the 2014 season, with a new website, new logo, new name and new slogan - 'Where memories are made!'. The park also introduced a new electronic token system for its rides, known as the 'Fun Card'. Guests are required to purchase tokens from kiosks and are given a Fun Card with a lanyard to wear. The card can be swiped at any park ride, eliminating the need for paper tokens. Individual tokens cost £1 and all rides have a value from 1 to 4 tokens each. Stations have been allocated around the park to show guests how many tokens remain on their card to use.

2015
The park opened on 28 March with The Crazy Mouse roller coaster amid many other minor additions.

2016
In October 2015, The Crazy Mouse was dismantled to make way for a new yellow looping roller coaster. Construction for the ride was completed in 2016 with the ride's name being "looping coaster". The ride is a pinfari looping coaster.

2017
Construction on looping coaster had been completed

2018
In 2018 A Ferris wheel was added but taken away later that year. Another ferris wheel got taken down too which was ‘the kingdom in the sky’ which was moved from Camelot to Pleasureland in 2013.

2019
In 2020 a go kart track next door to pleasureland closed down and sold the land to pleasureland. The fair ground demolished the race track and built a new roller coaster called crash test, a ghost train and the grand canyon was moved here as well as another few rides meant for small children (which were removed donn later. Also the magic card system was removed as well as the entrance fee which was good for most people and attracted more guests.

2020
No updates were made to the park due to the COVID-19 virus.

2021
A new pinfari family coaster known as 'The Rocket' was added. This coaster was built in 2001 and has lived in a few parks before being added to Pleasureland.

2022
A new mini golf course with a Viking theme was built by Pleasureland in the site of the former car park.

2023
A new travelling gyro swing ride was added next to frog hoppers and Remix. The parks flagship rollercoaster ‘looping coaster’ was removed and the site is now empty. The front of the park has become a viking themed area meaning that ‘Log-flume’ has been rethemed into ‘loki’s log-flume’ and ‘happy caterpillar’ has been rethemed into ‘Odin’s little dragon’ and there has been a new viking building has been built. They have also painted the Casablanca brown and that has become part of the viking area. It now houses 'Alice in Wonderland' dark ride. Midway through the season the area around the ghost train was rethemed to a steam punk area called discovery bay. Three new permanent flat rides were added for the new area called Paradox (a small indoor Miami), Enigma (a gyro-swing ride) and Ultra (a booster ride). New theming was added including shipping containers and industrial machinery.

The future
Pleasureland has announced plans to expand and alter existing areas of the park. It will be divided into different themed areas. These areas will be a racing themed area, a steampunk themed area, a pirate themed area, a viking themed area, a beach themed area and a dinosaur themed area. Two of these ares (The viking area and the steampunk area) has already been built. The majority of rides currently at the park will get removed such as the ghost train and the majority of travelling fair ground rides. Rides such as the frisbee will remain but the decorations will be changed. The building once home to The funhouse and Indie’s adventure and is now housing the ghost train will soon be home to ultimate expedition, a stem punk dark ride. The front of the building (which has stayed the same since the funhouse) will be replaced with a new design fitting the new theme. Planning permission has also submitted for a new rollercoaster at the back of the park, near the seafront. The coaster will be a Zamperla Lightning coaster and it will be the park’s biggest investment since the park reopened in 2007.

Current rides
Southport Pleasureland is split into four themed areas, consisting of rides and attractions.

Incidents
In 2000, body of murder victim Lindsey Wilson was found at the Pleasureland. She had been decapitated and dismembered by her husband Mitchell Quy, and had her body parts hidden near a roller coaster.

While under the ownership of the Thompson family, two incidents occurred on the Sky-Ride attraction: In April 2004, four people were stranded on the ride due to an electrical fault, while in August 2004, a 59-year-old employee was killed after he became trapped while performing maintenance on the ride. In 2007 the park was fined £95,000 for breaching health and safety laws and was also ordered to pay £50,000 in costs.

In popular culture
The park was a key location in Helen Blakeman's 2003 television film Pleasureland, shown as part of Channel 4's Adult at 14 season.

title: Southport Pleasureland


title: File:Lionkg2.jpg


text: User talk:216.82.64.40

title: User talk:216.82.64.40


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/List of Ancient Jedi

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was keep. Mel Etitis ( Μελ Ετητης ) 17:03, 22 Jun 2005 (UTC)

List of Ancient Jedi
Reason why the page should be deleted: This entry is too big and is a waste of Wiki space. If this is not a waste of Wiki space i do not know what is. --Granted 18:02, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Wikiepedia is not paper! :) --maru 19:37, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

I am sure George Lucas didnt have this in mind when he started it all off! He did it to have some fun and make some money. This is going to far! Who on earth cares?! A bunch of made up ugly as hell characters, that have no meaning to life, as we know it. I am sure everyone that has contributed to the probably saddest thing I have ever witnessed in my life, could do something more productive then this! Go do something with your life, ANYTHING! But is this really your donation to society? No wonder all is screwed up in Virginia! And if you believe in a creator, do you honestly think this is what he had in mind when he gave you life? And if you dont believe in a creator, do you think your parents thought of this when they gave you life? You might die any day, so dont waste your life. 18:18, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC) Scipio Aemilianus
 * I am sure Kross didnt have this in mind when he started it all off! He did it to have some fun. This is going to far! Who on earth cares?! A bunch of made up allegations and bogus VfDs, that have no meaning to life, as we know it. I am sure everyone that has contributed to the probably lamest revenge I have ever witnessed in my life, could do something more productive then this! Go do something with your life, ANYTHING! But is petty revenge on Wikipedia really your donation to society? No wonder all is screwed up with you! And if you believe in a creator, do you honestly think this is what he had in mind when he gave you life? And if you dont believe in a creator, do you think your parents thought of this when they gave you life? You might die any day, so dont waste your life. Make some actual contributions. --maru 19:37, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep it It is Star Wars Histroy collected though books and games. It should be here so Star Wars Fans can look up info if they need to. Also EU authors could use this when writing Star Wars books, it is very useful information for a Star Wars Fan.
 * Keep and Comment. Grant disliked the fact that I voted to delete an article he created and in a really halfass attempt to spite me, VFD'd this article.  He messed up though and didn't follow the deletion process, so I removed the notice (after considering who he was and why he did it), but I've deleted for kicks and so he can't claim I removed the notice without cause, I decided to complete the steps he didn't.  Anyways, most of the entries on the list had their own pages, but I felt they should be condensed into a list (some of the entries range from 1-2 sentences to barely a paragraph). --Kross 18:54, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. My own opinion is that the various SW lists need to be rationalized (does it really make sense to have separate lists for ancient, and minor, Jedis? and etc.), but simply deleting them is emphatically not the way to go. This whole VfD seems pretty lame- see also the VfD for the Wookies. The fact that the starter, and only other hostile user, are claimed to be the same person casts considerable doubt on the validity of this deletion request. --maru 19:18, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong keep; I haven't looked into it thoroughly, but this VfD nom shows every indication of being a revenge nomination. The list is encyclopaedic, looks clean and well-formatted, and - though Mr. Fletcher may not think so - is within the Star Wars canon. jglc | t | c 19:22, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * To all of the SW fans I am sorry i offended you by calling this list of ancient jedi a waste of space. Though I still belive this file to be too big (and what is up with the "It should be here so Star Wars Fans can look up info if they need to", need it?). And I would like it if people stop calling me spitefull just because I VDF'ed an entry by a person who VDF'ed an entry of mine, it is not spite I just check his user profile thingy and saw that his two articles seem to be a bit less usefull than, lets say, a certain genetic Wuz article that I entered. Oh yeah, sorry if the VDF was a bit incompleete (thanks for correcting it) this is my first.--Granted 19:34, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. Check List of minor Star Wars Jedi characters. Its 45kb.  It used to be over 54kb in size.  This list is far from oversized.--Kross 19:47, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment. It's "VfD," not "VDF".  Secondly, Wikipedia Is Not Paper.  Thirdly, "spiteful" is spelled like that.  Fourthly, "incomplete" is spelled like that.  jglc | t | c 20:02, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Listen up mate, you obviously knew what i meant so why did you have to try and use my spelling against me. Hvis du vil have at jeg skal skrive dansk så kan jeg også bare gøre det ikke også. I don't see what anyone acheives by pointing out spelling mistakes to anyone (let alone someone who doesn't have english as there first language). and by the way; no one said wiki was paper boys. And thank you for pointing out that the SW universe inside of Wiki is shrinking. I can still not see how this SW entry can be usefull but if you guys use it alot then so be it let it stay. (Sorry, I was trying to clean up the trash). --Granted 20:50, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * keep this please Yuckfoo 20:53, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Why Yuckfoo? Do you use this Article often? --Granted 20:59, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * And what if he does? --FCYTravis 21:05, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep - based on the fact that nomination appears to be revenge-motivated. --FCYTravis 21:05, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Delete Look dudes you have got to stop coming back to this revenge thing. I have already dismissed it. plus the "And what if he does?" comment seemed to be a bit on the spite side. re-lax man i am just trying to figure out if anyone even uses this article and so far I have not heard of one person who has found use for it. --Granted 21:08, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC) (vote struck through, duplicate)
 * Every one of this user's edits is to one of the two articles in question or their respective VfD nominations. User admits he searched User:Kross's contribs page. "Dismissed" or not, looks like revenge to me. --FCYTravis 21:18, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep This is a heck of a lot better than having separate articles. Besides, it's a bad faith VfD nomination. --Xcali 21:14, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Delete I can see how it is better than seperate articles but would you need the seperate articles? ever!? the question still stands. --Granted 21:33, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * (One vote per user. Feel free to add comments. --FCYTravis 21:39, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC))

 * Keep, valid information, as crufty as it is, and the nomination was made in bad faith. --RickK 22:02, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment I'd just like to state that I hold no anger or anything towards Grant. This was amusing.--Kross 22:08, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep bad faith nomination. --Etacar11 22:31, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep it. This is a bad faith nomination and clearly not a waste of space. Gateman1997 09:20, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Comment Kross i have gotta say you have a wierd idea of fun. Anyway if this List of Ancient Jedi is usefull. For anyone. at all. ever. then sure we should keep it that is what Wiki is for. But if it is a useless (as I assume it is) then chuck it. --Granted 13:09, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep I did use wikipedia to learn about the Expanded Universe.--Poli 13:53, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep It's a viable fictional universe entry. --GaidinBDJ 19:31, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)

I dont know if it was necessary to seperate Jedi and Ancient Jedi. (this is not a vote)

 * It's not a bad idea- it is a natural categorization, since just about every known Jedi either originates from the movies and subsequent novels; or from the Dark Horse comic books; those two time periods are narrowly circumscribed with minimal overlap (yes, there are odd-balls like Ood B'Nar, but still...) --maru 22:30, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep. Taco Deposit | Talk-o to Taco 23:47, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep Why not?  I can well imagine people finding this information  of interest. --democracys 00:37, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * It should be noted that out of this users seven 7 total edits, only one was non-VfD. --maru 01:28, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. The original reasons stated for deletion result only from the complaining user's bias against Star Wars. Absolutely no claims of any validity are made to support deletion. Frankly, the deletion attempt is so wafer-thin that I wonder why it is even being seriously considered. --Pathogen 16:13, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * A good point. It seems the overwhelming consensus is a simply keep, so why don't we close this VfD? It is unlikely that 15 or 20 users will come along and vote Delete, no? --maru 16:40, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Note: I dropped Granted a friendly note on his User Talk Page. Let's hope that he learns something from this (and Genetic Wuz). If not, I will report him to administration. jglc | t | c 16:44, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep but give '''All of the KOTOR I and II characters their own articles.
 * Keep The information was of interest and value. Your lack of interest doesn't affect another person's need.  If you don't care to know about blue-crowned pelicans, don't look them up, but don't ask the encyclopedia to remove the entry for your sake.

 * Keep I found it useful information.

 * I'm kind of having mixed feelings about this article, as IMO much of the information here are nothing more than just minor Jedi characters. IMO Wikipedia only needs to keep the major Jedi and Sith characters.  So unless there are actually some Jedi Characters worth mentioning, I would say delete judging that almost all of the Jedi listed on this article are just minor Jedi characters. -- Vesther 19 June 2005, 0:57 Hours CDT
 * Keep There are a few jedi in here that are just under the bar for having their own articles. Nomi Sunrider, for example, had her own long entry in the Essential Guide to Characters. The KotOR characters are likewise important.-LtNOWIS 00:10, 20 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Keep I'd like a reference if I want to find out more about the characters, in games, movies and the like! Nothing wrong with it! Anyway, is it using up your server space?

 * Keep While just movies, the Star Wars films are part of popular culture. --phogan June 21st

 * Keep Too much information to purge.

 * Keep Ive been using this to study starwars heavily I also use it as a reference for my starwars power metal bands lyrics

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Talk:Blue wall of silence

Wikipedia Ambassador Program assignment
This article is the subject of an educational assignment at James Madison University supported by WikiProject United States Public Policy and the Wikipedia Ambassador Program during the 2011 Spring term. Further details are available on the course page.

Above message substituted from on 14:43, 7 January 2023 (UTC)

The Blue Code of Silence is Just the Tip of the Iceberg
Underlying it all, in every police department except perhaps in the smallest municipalities, Tammany Hall kingdoms exist. We live in a weak democracy where the mayoral (our mayors) provide no supervision over the police. Because of this, police departments are super overemployed, with about 80% of all policemen sitting at home, year after year, like volunteer firefighters, collecting $150,000 to $200,000 wages. New policeman right out of the police academy work for a few years, but as those at the top retire and the new ones move up, they will be asked to sit it out after just a few years. When I took my municipality to civil court on "official misconduct", providing wage lists, shift information, and math (I have a corporate background in both Personnel and Payroll), the case ended in an early dismissal, I was fined $17,000, and the judge was immediately promoted and made my county prosecutor to cover up the crime. To stop this, we must wake up, get the media involved, and make government transparency and public oversight the biggest thing for society in the 21st Century. Here's where to start: Link Lord Milner (talk) 18:56, 17 May 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Blue wall of silence


text:
Category talk:Wikipedia requested images

New Name
This category was renamed from Category:Articles needing images, in a consensus vote. See the archive here. <> Who ? ¿ ? 18:03, 14 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Requests
I would like to request a page showing, in-depth, how to make a request for things, as I cannot figure it out. Move this to wherever is appropriate. 08:30, 10 July 2005 (UTC)
 * See Requested pictures for a detailed instruction list on requesting pictures. You may also want to look at Category:Wikipedia requests, which shows a number of "Wikpedia requests" of different types. If you would like an article created then see Requested articles.  Hope that helps.   <> Who ? ¿ ?  08:34, 10 July 2005 (UTC)

Add sub category for Maps?
How about a sub category for requesting maps? With a template like RJFJR 14:42, 11 November 2005 (UTC)

 * No feedback so I created   and   .  I hope this doesn't cause a cascade of creations of new subcategories.  Diagrams refers to images that are drawn to illustrate an ariticle.  Like a diagram of how an air-conditioner works.  It can also include graphs.  We can always remove them if it was a bad idea. RJFJR 23:13, 12 November 2005 (UTC)

Reducing list size
I'm working on getting this list down some. Anyone who wants to help is welcome to!--Esprit15d 14:39, 25 October 2007 (UTC)
 * Started to give this list some attention Traveler100 (talk) 12:56, 13 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Empty but after two weeks starting to fill again!

Images and Photos
Do we really need to distinguish the difference? please see: Wikipedia talk:WikiProject Photography Traveler100 (talk) 18:33, 7 May 2008 (UTC)

Actual list?
It's far to obscure to get to the actual list of requested images from the community portal. Clicking on "more" should show more images which have been requested, not a tangle of guide pages. - Craig Pemberton 08:40, 26 November 2009 (UTC)

 * Is this what you are looking for? Category:Wikipedia requested photographs. Click on the main sub-categories.--Traveler100 (talk) 07:05, 28 November 2009 (UTC)

Articles without any image or picture
I suggest track articles without an image or picture. And, using big data with Wikidate, see the most interesting for the Wikimediasphere (Commons, Wikipedia... as a whole). And make campaigns to upload these images. WikiProject Photography could help. BoldLuis (talk) 11:55, 19 May 2020 (UTC)

authors: ಮಲ್ನಾಡಾಚ್ ಕೊಂಕ್ಣೊ


text:
Talk:Judaize

requests for sources
1. The opposite of Judaizing is Hellenizing or Marcionism, somewhere inbetween is Gnosticism.

This should be obvious to anyone familiar with the history of the period. The Second Temple period was all about Judaism versus Hellenism. See Josephus and Philo. According to Marcion, Jesus rejected the Law and Prophets, i.e. rejected Judaism, see Marcionism. According to Gnosticism the Jews misunderstood their own scriptures, see Gnosticism.

2. Pauline Christianity and Jewish Christianity were different.

See Pauline Christianity. Also see The Mythmaker: Paul and the Invention of Christianity by Hyam Maccoby.
 * Could you please quote someone saying this directly? Otherwise it's original research. Jayjg (talk)  17:41, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: Talk:Judaize


text: User talk:81.131.198.67

title: User talk:81.131.198.67