text:
Spanish frigate Numancia

Numancia (F83) is the third of the six Spanish-built Santa Maria-class frigates of the Spanish Navy, based on the American Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate design. The frigate was constructed in Spain by Bazan and laid down on 8 January 1986; launched on 29 January 1987; and entered service with the Spanish Navy on 17 November 1989. Based at Rota, Numancia has been deployed to the Indian Ocean to fight piracy in Somalia as part of Operation Atalanta and to the Mediterranean Sea to intercept illegal trafficking of migrants as part of Operation Sophia.

Design and description
The Santa María class is a series of six guided missile frigates based on the American Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate. The Oliver Hazard Perry class had been conceived as a way to reduce unit costs while maintaining an anti-air warfare (AAW) platform with anti-submarine (ASW) and anti-surface warfare capabilities. The Oliver Hazard Perry class came in two forms: short-hulled and long-hulled, with the Santa María class being the later, with an additional beam to allow for more top weight for future modifications. The class came in two batches, with the first four being from batch one and the final two from batch two. The first batch of ships had a displacement of 2851 t light, 3160 t standard, and 4017 t at full load. The second batch has the same light and standard displacements, with a full load displacement of 4107 t. The frigates measure 138.8 m long overall and 125.9 m at the waterline with a beam of 14.3 m and a standard draught of 4.52 m and a maximum draught at the sonar dome of 6.6 m. The ships have a complement of 223 sailors including 13 officers.

The Santa María class is propelled by a controllable pitch propller powered by two General Electric LM2500 gas turbines creating 41000 shp, giving the vessels a maximum speed of 29 kn. The frigates stow 587 t of fuel and have a range of 5000 nmi at 18 kn or 4500 nmi at 20 kn. The ships have four 1,000 kW Kato-Allison 114-DOOL diesel generator sets creating a total of 4,000 kW. These can power two 350 shp retractable, rotatable auxiliary propulsion motors. The vessels have fin stabilisers fitted.

Armament and sensors
Frigates of the Santa María class are armed with a single-armed Mk 13 missile launcher serviced by a 40-round magazine that can handle 32 SM-1MR anti-air/ship missiles and 8 Harpoon anti-ship missiles. The Harpoon missiles have a range of 50 nmi at Mach 0.9 carrying a 227 kg warhead. The SM-1R missiles have a range of 20.5 nmi at Mach 2. The vessels also mount a single OTO Melara 76 mm/62 calibre naval gun capable of firing 85 rounds per minute up to 8.7 nmi with each shell carrying a 6 kg warhead. For AAW defence, the ships mount a single Meroka 20 mm/120 12-barrelled close-in weapons system (CIWS) capable of firing 3,600 rounds per minute up to 2 km. For ASW, the frigates are armed with two triple-mounted Mark 32 torpedo tubes for Mod 5 Mark 46 torpedoes.

The vessels are equipped with AN/SPS-49(V)4 2-D air search radar, RAN-12L (being replaced by RAN-30) 2-D low horizon air search radar for the Meroka CIWS, SPS-55 surface search radar and a Mk 92 fire-control radar. For ASW, the ships have SQS-56 sonar and SQR-19(V) towed arrays. For weapons fire control, they have Mk 13 weapons control, Mk 92 and SPG-60 STIR missile control, and SQQ-89 ASW systems. For electronic warfare they have a Nettunel intercept, a SLQ-25 Nixie towed torpedo decoy, and Mk36 SROC decoy launchers.

Aircraft
As long-hulled versions of the Oliver Hazard Perry class, the Santa María-class frigates have twin hangars to accommodate up to two Sikorsky SH-60B Seahawk Light Airborne Multi-Purpose System (LAMPS) III helicopters though only one is usually embarked. The helicopter deck, located aft, is equipped with the RAST helicopter deck-handling system designed to handle LAMPS helicopters.

Construction and career
The frigate was ordered on 29 June 1977. The ship was laid down on 8 January 1986, at Izar's shipyard in Ferrol, Spain. Delays in construction followed as the Spanish Navy deferred the frigate's construction in order to focus on the construction of a new aircraft carrier. Numancia was launched on 29 January 1987, and commissioned into service on 17 November 1989. The vessel is homeported at Rota, Spain, as part of the 41st Escort Squadron.

On 27 April 2009, Numancia seized the nine Somali pirates that tried to board the cruise ship MSC Melody after a short chase. From March to August 2013, Numancia deployed to the Indian Ocean as part of Operation Atalanta. In 2016, the frigate was deployed as part of Operation Sophia, intercepting the illegal trafficking of migrants in the Mediterranean Sea. In 2022, Numancia returned to the Indian Ocean, escorting food relief ships through the area as part of Operation Atalanta.

title: Spanish frigate Numancia


text:
Spanish frigate Canarias

Canarias (F86), is the last of the six Spanish-built Santa María-class frigates of the Spanish Navy, which are based on the American Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate design. The Santa María class offer both anti-air and anti-submarine defence for the Spanish Navy. The frigate was laid down by Bazan on 15 April 1992 and launched on 21 June 1993. Upon entering service on 14 December 1994, Canarias was homeported at Rota and assigned to the 41st Escort Squadron. Canarias has been assigned to Operation Atalanta of the Somali coast, combatting piracy and Operation Sophia in the Mediterranean Sea, intercepting illegal trafficking of migrants.

Design and description
The Santa María class are a series of six guided missile frigates based on the American Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate. The Oliver Hazard Perry class had been conceived as a way to reduce unit costs while maintaining an anti-air warfare (AAW) platform with anti-submarine (ASW) and anti-surface warfare capabilities. The Oliver Hazard Perry class came in two forms, the short-hulled and long-hulled, with the Santa María class being of the later with additional beam to allow for more top weight for future modifications. The class came in two batches, with the first four being of batch one and the final two of the second. The first batch of ships have a displacement of 2851 t light, 3160 t standard and 4017 t at full load. The second batch have the same light and standard displacements, with a full load displacement of 4107 t. The frigates measure 138.8 m long overall and 125.9 m at the waterline with a beam of 14.3 m and a standard draught of 4.52 m and a maximum draught at the sonar dome of 6.6 m. The ships have a complement of 223 sailors including 13 officers.

The Santa María class is propelled by a controllable pitch propeller powered by two General Electric LM2500 gas turbines creating 41000 shp, giving the vessels a maximum speed of 29 kn. The frigates stow 587 t of fuel and have a range of 5000 nmi at 18 kn or 4500 nmi at 20 kn. The ships have four 1,000 kW Kato-Allison 114-DOOL diesel generator sets creating a total of 4,000 kW. These can power two 350 shp retractable, rotatable auxiliary propulsion motors. The vessels have fin stabilisers fitted.

Armament and sensors
Frigates of the Santa María class are armed with a single-armed Mk 13 missile launcher serviced by a 40-round magazine that can handle 32 SM-1MR anti-air/ship missiles and 8 Harpoon anti-ship missiles. The Harpoon missiles have a range of 50 nmi at Mach 0.9 carrying a 227 kg warhead. The SM-1R missiles have a range of 20.5 nmi at Mach 2. The vessels also mount a single OTO Melara 76 mm/62 calibre naval gun capable of firing 85 rounds per minute up to 8.7 nmi with each shell carrying a 6 kg warhead. For AAW defence, the ships mount a single Meroka 20 mm/120 12-barrelled close-in weapons system (CIWS) capable of firing 3,600 rounds per minute up to 2 km. For ASW, the frigates are armed with two triple-mounted Mark 32 torpedo tubes for Mod 5 Mark 46 torpedoes.

The vessels are equipped with AN/SPS-49(V)5 2-D air search radar, RAN-12L (being replaced by RAN-30) 2-D low horizon air search radar for the Meroka CIWS, SPS-55 surface search radar and a Mk 92 fire-control radar. For ASW, the ships have SQS-56 sonar, SQR-19(V)2 towed array. For weapons fire control, they have Mk 13 weapons control, Mk 92 and SPG-60 STIR missile control, SQQ-89 ASW systems. For electronic warfare they have Nettunel Mk-3000 intercept, a SLQ-25 Nixie towed torpedo decoy, and Mk36 SROC decoy launchers.

Aircraft
As long-hulled versions of the Oliver Hazard Perry class, the Santa María-class frigates have twin hangars to accommodate up to two Sikorsky SH-60B Seahawk Light Airborne Multi-Purpose System (LAMPS) III helicopters though only one is usually embarked. The helicopter deck, located aft, is equipped with the RAST helicopter deck-handling system designed to handle LAMPS helicopters.

Construction and career
The sixth and last hull of the Santa Maria class was ordered on 26 December 1989. The ship was laid down on 15 April 1992 by Bazan at their shipyard in Ferrol, Spain. Canarias was launched on 21 June 1993 and commissioned in service on 14 December 1994. Upon entering service, Canarias was homeported at Rota and assigned to the 41st Escort Squadron.

In 2008, Canarias was one of three ships of the class that suffered damage after a crane fell on the frigates while tied up at Rota. In 2009, Canarias was assigned to Operation Atalanta, the international effort to fight piracy off Somalia. On 5 October, Canarias arrested two of the hijackers of the tuna boat Alakrana that had been captured by Somali pirates. Canarias was reinforced by the frigate SPANISH FRIGATE Méndez Núñez on 26 October. The two Spanish vessels recovered Alakrana on 18 November 2009. Spanish helicopters operating from the ships fired upon a pirate zodiac and skiff during the operation. In early 2011, Canarias was deployed again off the coast of Somalia. On 11 March 2011, Canarias aided the disabled cargo ship RAK Afrikana off the coast of Somalia. The ITALIAN FRIGATE Zeffiro, with the aid of Canarias, assisted the crew of RAK Afrikana in disembarking the vessel before it sank. On 31 March 2011, Canarias captured 11 Somali pirates that attempted to hijack a fishing vessel in the Indian Ocean.

In September 2015, the frigate was assigned to Operation Sophia, the interception of illegal trafficking of migrants across the Mediterranean Sea. Canarias rescued 517 migrants from traffickers in November 2015, destroying their vessel after recovering the passengers. Canarias rescued over 1,100 migrants from traffickers before returning to Rota in January 2016. Canarias returned to Operation Sophia in January 2017.

In 2019, Canarias, once again operating off the Somali coast, responded to a distress call from a Somali Navy vessel that had become disabled. Canarias aided the Somali personnel in getting their craft operating again.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Spanish frigate Canarias


text:
Dave Silk

David Mark Silk (born January 1, 1958)  is an American former professional ice hockey player. His professional career, which spanned 13 years, included 249 NHL regular season games with the Boston Bruins, Winnipeg Jets, Detroit Red Wings and New York Rangers. Silk is arguably most famous for being a member of the 1980 US Men's hockey team that won the gold medal at the Olympics in Lake Placid. He is the cousin of former NHL and Boston Bruins player Mike Milbury.

Amateur career
Silk was born in Scituate, Massachusetts, and raised in Scituate and Cohasset, Massachusetts. He attended Thayer Academy in Braintree, where he scored 85 points in his first season. He then moved to Boston University where he became teammates and lifelong friends with future Miracle on Ice members Mike Eruzione, Jim Craig, and Jack O'Callahan. Silk was a dominating force for the Boston University Terriers hockey team, earning all-tournament, athlete of the week, and First- Team-All- New England honors. He won the NCAA Championship in 1978 with Boston University, and was awarded New England Rookie of the Year 1976–1977.

Professional career
Drafted 59th overall by the New York Rangers in the 1978 NHL Entry Draft, Silk signed a contract with the Rangers on March 3, 1980, days after the Olympic gold medal game. He spent the next three seasons as a Ranger, playing mostly at right wing and center. Silk realized a childhood dream when he was traded to the Boston Bruins in 1983. He was claimed off waivers by the Detroit Red Wings the following season. After becoming a free agent in 1985, Silk signed with the Winnipeg Jets, finished his NHL career, and moved on to Germany for the 1986–87 season.

Post playing career
Silk retired from hockey in 1991, returning to his alma mater Boston University where he served as the assistant men's hockey coach while attending BU's graduate school of management. Silk has been inducted into the United States Hockey Hall of Fame, United States Olympic Hall of Fame, Boston University Hall of Fame, Sports Illustrated, Sportsman of the Year, and also inducted into the Massachusetts Hockey Hall of Fame (NHL + Amateur).

While attending Boston University, Silk earned both an undergraduate degree and a Masters of Business Administration degree and is a Director of Institutional Sales in Boston. When asked if Silk still ties up the skates he said "I skate maybe once or twice a year for a charity event. I can’t say I miss it.  I’m content.  I’m good friends with former teammates Jack O’Callahan and also with Jack Hughes and Ralph Cox, who were the last two cuts from the team that year.  The friendships, like I said, are the most important things for me to ever come out of my time in hockey" (Carroll).

In popular culture
Rick Dano played Silk in the 1981 TV movie Miracle on Ice.

Bobby Hanson played him in the 2004 Disney film Miracle. Hanson played his college hockey at Boston University, where Silk, Jack O'Callahan, and Mike Eruzione had played. After college, Hanson played professional hockey in Europe, before a knee injury ended his career.

title: Dave Silk


text:
Spanish frigate Navarra

Navarra (F85) is the fifth of the six Spanish-built Santa Maria-class frigates of the Spanish Navy, which are based on the American Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate design. The vessel was constructed by Bazan (now Navantia) and launched on 23 October 1992 and commissioned on 27 May 1994. The Santa Maria-class frigates provide anti-submarine and anti-air defence for the Spanish Navy.

Design and description
The Santa María class are a series of six guided missile frigates based on the American Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate. The Oliver Hazard Perry class had been conceived as a way to reduce unit costs while maintaining an anti-air warfare (AAW) platform with anti-submarine (ASW) and anti-surface warfare capabilities. The Oliver Hazard Perry class came in two forms, the short-hulled and long-hulled, with the Santa María class being of the later with additional beam to allow for more top weight for future modifications. The class came in two batches, with the first four being of batch one and the final two of the second. The first batch of ships have a displacement of 2851 t light, 3160 t standard and 4017 t at full load. The second batch have the same light and standard displacements, with a full load displacement of 4107 t. The frigates measure 138.8 m long overall and 125.9 m at the waterline with a beam of 14.3 m and a standard draught of 4.52 m and a maximum draught at the sonar dome of 6.6 m. The ships have a complement of 223 sailors including 13 officers.

The Santa María class is propelled by a controllable pitch propeller powered by two General Electric LM2500 gas turbines creating 41000 shp, giving the vessels a maximum speed of 29 kn. The frigates stow 587 t of fuel and have a range of 5000 nmi at 18 kn or 4500 nmi at 20 kn. The ships have four 1,000 kW Kato-Allison 114-DOOL diesel generator sets creating a total of 4,000 kW. These can power two 350 shp retractable, rotatable auxiliary propulsion motors. The vessels have fin stabilisers fitted.

Armament and sensors
Frigates of the Santa María class are armed with a single-armed Mk 13 missile launcher serviced by a 40-round magazine that can handle 32 SM-1MR anti-air/ship missiles and 8 Harpoon anti-ship missiles. The Harpoon missiles have a range of 50 nmi at Mach 0.9 carrying a 227 kg warhead. The SM-1R missiles have a range of 20.5 nmi at Mach 2. The vessels also mount a single OTO Melara 76 mm/62 calibre naval gun capable of firing 85 rounds per minute up to 8.7 nmi with each shell carrying a 6 kg warhead. For AAW defence, the ships mount a single Meroka 20 mm/120 12-barrelled close-in weapons system (CIWS) capable of firing 3,600 rounds per minute up to 2 km. For ASW, the frigates are armed with two triple-mounted Mark 32 torpedo tubes for Mod 5 Mark 46 torpedoes.

The vessels are equipped with AN/SPS-49(V)5 2-D air search radar, RAN-12L (being replaced by RAN-30) 2-D low horizon air search radar for the Meroka CIWS, SPS-55 surface search radar and a Mk 92 fire-control radar. For ASW, the ships have SQS-56 sonar, SQR-19(V)2 towed array. For weapons fire control, they have Mk 13 weapons control, Mk 92 and SPG-60 STIR missile control, SQQ-89 ASW systems. For electronic warfare they have Nettunel Mk-3000 intercept, a SLQ-25 Nixie towed torpedo decoy, and Mk36 SROC decoy launchers.

Aircraft
As long-hulled versions of the Oliver Hazard Perry class, the Santa María-class frigates have twin hangars to accommodate up to two Sikorsky SH-60B Seahawk Light Airborne Multi-Purpose System (LAMPS) III helicopters though only one is usually embarked. The helicopter deck, located aft, is equipped with the RAST helicopter deck-handling system designed to handle LAMPS helicopters.

Construction and career
The frigate was one of the final pair of hulls ordered on 26 December 1989. The keel was laid down on 15 April 1991 by Izar (now Navantia) at Ferrol, Spain. Navarra was launched on 23 October 1992 and commissioned on 30 May 1994. Navarra was given the pennant number F85 and assigned to the 41 Escort Squadron based at Rota, Spain. The Santa Maria-class frigates were tasked with escorting the aircraft carrier SPANISH AIRCRAFT CARRIER Príncipe de Asturias.

On 9 December 2002, Navarra intercepted the unflagged freighter So San several hundred miles southeast of Yemen at the request of the United States government, possibly associated in some fashion with the U.S. Proliferation Security Initiative. The frigate fired across So San's bow after the freighter ignored hails and attempted to evade the frigate. The freighter's crew was North Korean; 23 containers containing 15 complete Scud ballistic missiles, 15 high-explosive warheads, and 23 nitric acid containers were found on board. Yemen claimed ownership of the shipment and protested the interception and U.S. officials released the vessel after receiving assurances that the missiles would not be transferred to a third party.

On 23 March 2010, she sank a Somali pirate mothership lifeboat and captured two skiffs, after private security forces successfully defended MV Almezaan from a pirate attack. The six suspected pirates were later released, when the master and crew of Almezaan refused to testify.

In November 2016, while patrolling off the Libyan coast as part of the EUNAVFOR's Operation Sophia, the frigate recovered 227 migrants from inflatable boats in the Mediterranean Sea.

title: Spanish frigate Navarra


text: User talk:69.192.69.180

title: User talk:69.192.69.180


text:
Talk:Fustanella

The references are totally wrong
This article is pure Albanian propaganda 195.74.240.13 (talk) 13:54, 27 May 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Fustanella


text:
Eric Strobel

Eric Martin Strobel (born June 5, 1958) is an American former ice hockey forward who was a member of the "Miracle on Ice" 1980 gold medal-winning U.S. Olympic hockey team.

Amateur career
Strobel attended Rochester Mayo High School where he earned all-conference honors in 1973-74, 1974–75 and 1975–76 before moving on to the University of Minnesota. He was a member of the 1979 University of Minnesota Golden Gophers NCAA championship team.

International
Strobel first played for Team USA at the 1979 Ice Hockey World Championships in Moscow. His coach from Minnesota, Herb Brooks, was the coach for the U.S. for the 1980 Winter Olympics.

Professional career
Drafted 133rd overall in the 1978 NHL Entry Draft by the Buffalo Sabres, Strobel never played with the parent club. He managed only half a season as a professional playing for their top minor league team, the Rochester Americans of the American Hockey League (AHL), before he broke his ankle during an AHL playoff game in the spring of 1980, and retired from hockey.

Post playing career
Strobel returned to Minnesota after his retirement and became a telephone sales executive in Apple Valley, Minnesota.

He previously coached the Peewee A team for the Eastview Athletic Association in Apple Valley.

Personal
Strobel met his future wife Kim when he returned to university after his playing career ended, and they have two daughters, Leslie and Krista. Strobel's father, Art Strobel played for the New York Rangers.

Eric Strobel suffered a minor stroke on October 31, 2006 and recovered in the hospital. He leads a normal life after undergoing physical therapy.

In popular culture
Strobel was not featured in Miracle on Ice, a 1981 TV movie, but appears in archival footage of the gold medal ceremony.

Robbie MacGregor portrayed Strobel in the 2004 film Miracle.

title: Eric Strobel


text:
Talk:Washington Avenue Bridge (Minneapolis)

When was the current bridge completed?
 * Probably 1965, a short time before the original bridge was torn down. Possibly 1964. —Mulad (talk) 17:40, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Washington Avenue Bridge (Minneapolis). Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20101117165152/http://www.metrocouncil.org:80/transportation/ccorridor/ccWABfaq.htm to http://www.metrocouncil.org/transportation/ccorridor/ccWABfaq.htm

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 12:36, 11 January 2016 (UTC)


text:
Spanish frigate Victoria

Victoria (F82) is the second of the six Spanish-built Santa Maria-class frigates of the Spanish Navy, based on the American Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate design. Constructed in 1983, the vessel was launched on 23 July 1986 and commissioned on 11 November 1987. The frigate has been assigned to Operation Atalanta, fighting piracy of the Somalian coast.

Design and description
The Santa María class are a series of six guided missile frigates based on the American Oliver Hazard Perry-class frigate. The Oliver Hazard Perry class had been conceived as a way to reduce unit costs while maintaining an anti-air warfare (AAW) platform with anti-submarine (ASW) and anti-surface warfare capabilities. The Oliver Hazard Perry class came in two forms, the short-hulled and long-hulled, with the Santa María class being of the later with additional beam to allow for more top weight for future modifications. The class came in two batches, with the first four being of batch one and the final two of the second. The first batch of ships have a displacement of 2851 t light, 3160 t standard and 4017 t at full load. The second batch have the same light and standard displacements, with a full load displacement of 4107 t. The frigates measure 138.8 m long overall and 125.9 m at the waterline with a beam of 14.3 m and a standard draught of 4.52 m and a maximum draught at the sonar dome of 6.6 m. The ships have a complement of 223 sailors including 13 officers.

The Santa María class is propelled by a controllable pitch propller powered by two General Electric LM2500 gas turbines creating 41000 shp, giving the vessels a maximum speed of 29 kn. The frigates stow 587 t of fuel and have a range of 5000 nmi at 18 kn or 4500 nmi at 20 kn. The ships have four 1,000 kW Kato-Allison 114-DOOL diesel generator sets creating a total of 4,000 kW. These can power two 350 shp retractable, rotatable auxiliary propulsion motors. The vessels have fin stabilisers fitted.

Armament and sensors
Frigates of the Santa María class are armed with a single-armed Mk 13 missile launcher serviced by a 40-round magazine that can handle 32 SM-1MR anti-air/ship missiles and 8 Harpoon anti-ship missiles. The Harpoon missiles have a range of 50 nmi at Mach 0.9 carrying a 227 kg warhead. The SM-1R missiles have a range of 20.5 nmi at Mach 2. The vessels also mount a single OTO Melara 76 mm/62 calibre naval gun capable of firing 85 rounds per minute up to 8.7 nmi with each shell carrying a 6 kg warhead. For AAW defence, the ships mount a single Meroka 20 mm/120 12-barrelled close-in weapons system (CIWS) capable of firing 3,600 rounds per minute up to 2 km. For ASW, the frigates are armed with two triple-mounted Mark 32 torpedo tubes for Mod 5 Mark 46 torpedoes.

The vessels are equipped with AN/SPS-49(V)4 2-D air search radar, RAN-12L (being replaced by RAN-30) 2-D low horizon air search radar for the Meroka CIWS, SPS-55 surface search radar and a Mk 92 fire-control radar. For ASW, the ships have SQS-56 sonar, SQR-19(V) towed array. For weapons fire control, they have Mk 13 weapons control, Mk 92 and SPG-60 STIR missile control, SQQ-89 ASW systems. For electronic warfare they have Nettunel intercept, a SLQ-25 Nixie towed torpedo decoy, and Mk36 SROC decoy launchers.

Aircraft
As long-hulled versions of the Oliver Hazard Perry class, the Santa María-class frigates have twin hangars to accommodate up to two Sikorsky SH-60B Seahawk Light Airborne Multi-Purpose System (LAMPS) III helicopters though only one is usually embarked. The helicopter deck, located aft, is equipped with the RAST helicopter deck-handling system designed to handle LAMPS helicopters.

Construction and career
Victoria was ordered on 29 June 1977. The ship was laid down on 16 August 1983 at Izar's shipyard in Ferrol, Spain. Delays in construction followed as the Spanish Navy deferred the frigate's construction in order to focus on the construction of a new aircraft carrier. The frigate was launched on 23 July 1986 and commissioned into service on 11 November 1987. The vessel is homeported at Rota, Spain as part of the 41st Escort Squadron.

On 29 March 2009, as she was taking part in Operation Atalanta, the German Navy tanker GERMAN TANKER Spessart was attacked by a seven-man pirate boat. In addition to the regular 40-man civilian crew, Spessart carried a 12-man security detail which exchanged small arms fire with the pirates, and repelled the assault. The SH-60B helicopter aboard Victoria intercepted the fleeing pirate skiff, opened fire, and kept guard over the surrendering pirates until relieved by naval units. Fellow warships HNLMS De Zeven Provinciën (F802), GREEK FRIGATE Psara and USS Boxer (LHD-4) were also involved in this chase.

On 2 June 2010, Victoria provided medical assistance to the crew of the Libyan vessel MV Rim, and prevented recapture of that ship by Somali pirates, after the crew of Rim overpowered the pirates who had hijacked the ship four months earlier. Rim had been anchored in the harbour of Garacad, Somalia, since her 3 February 2010 taking in the Gulf of Aden. On 3 August 2010, a helicopter from Victoria stopped a pirate attack on the Norwegian chemical tanker MV Bow Saga, which had sent a distress call that it was under attack by a pirate skiff. The seven pirates on board the skiff were later captured by a second team from the European Union naval force in the region. On 3 August 2010, the Norwegian chemical tanker MV Bow Saga was proceeding through the transit corridor in the middle of the Gulf of Aden when it came under attack. A pirate skiff with 7 people on board shot at the bridge, damaging the windows. EU NAVFOR heard her distress call and ordered the closest warship, Victoria react to the incident. Victoria already had her helicopter in the air and was able to intervene only ten minutes after the call. The pirates stopped the attack and tried to flee. After warning shots, first from the helicopter and then from the warship Victoria, the pirates eventually stopped. The skiff was searched by a boarding team from Victoria and weapons were subsequently found.

In November 2022, the Spanish Navy announced that Victoria was to be modified to include a second boat deck to allow for the use of rigid-hulled inflatable boats.

title: Spanish frigate Victoria


text:
User talk:Hellbus

 * A new topic requires a new section.
 * New sections go at the bottom of this page.
 * New sections require titles.
 * New replies go underneath the post they are in reply to.
 * Sign your posts by typing ~.
 * Posts must be coherent and civil.
 * I reserve the right to delete any postings from people unwilling or unable to obey these simple requests.

Thanks for the input on the Niagara Class steam locomotives
Thanks for the table! I have been away from Wiki for ages and have not had a chance to tidy the article up. --Ozsteamtrain (talk) 05:12, 9 January 2009 (UTC)

Why Not
This site does not require registration. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Hunter209 (talk • contribs) 22:55, 15 September 2008 (UTC)
 * "A site that requires registration or a subscription should not be linked unless the web site itself is the topic of the article or is being used as an inline reference." Per WP:EL. Hellbus (talk) 02:17, 16 September 2008 (UTC)

Ushanka
You said you took a picture of that Ushanka yourself and removed the background. Do you happen to know where I could get one almost exactly like it, particularly the emblem of the USSR on it. Thanks in advance. 209.33.36.146 05:04, 5 March 2006 (UTC)

I got mine on ebay. EASports 07:07, 5 March 2006 (UTC)

Wikipedia Cat Lovers' Committee
, I can see from your userboxes that you love cats.

Would you be interested in joining the Wikipedia Cat Lovers' Committee?

If you want to join, you can add yourself to the members list and contact the committee founder, me, GeorgeMoney on my talk page.

Thank You. -- George Mon  e  y Talk   Contribs 22:22, 16 April 2006 (UTC)

Street Light Interference
I am working on improving the article with this name. I am one of those considered a "SLIder" (described further in the article). This phenomenon has been happening to me for over 20 years. Last June I had my apartment maintenance supervisor hold my Sony digital camera on me while I went under some lamps to make them go out. The Sony P72 camera makes MPEG movies. The shortest movies I have that have demonstrated the effect are 4 MB and 10 MB. I don't know if I can e-mail to you to show you what I am talking about(?). I would like to show this effect by a short (i.e. under 100k) GIF movie of a "flickering" mercury vapor lamp going on and off (continously cycling on & off); that I could then place into the Wikipedia article on this subject to show the effect that I am talking about. Is it possible to make such a file? I am NOT computer software sophisticated and am not able to make such a file myself. Would it be hard to do (or even possible to do)? Could it be "cropped" from one of my movies that does show the effect? I noticed the digital neon movie you made and then thought maybe my idea could be done. What do you think? --Doug talk 22:10, 8 February 2007 (UTC)
 * You might put the video on Youtube and then link it in the article. I don't think an animated gif could be made that would both show the effect and not be huge. Hellbus 22:35, 8 February 2007 (UTC)

A new Genesis
Hellbus, will you join us in creating a new Genesis for Mankind? --Vi Veri Veniversum Vivus Vici 23:41, 2 June 2007 (UTC)

Bulleid valve gear: chain-stretch
Thought I ought to tell you that since Bulleid's time the usual received wisdom about the strange valve events is that they were due to chain stretch. Personally I have very strong doubts about that and have put a note on the Discussions page where I tried to explain why. If chain stretch is not mentioned in the article that does not come from ignorance. I would interested in knowing your views as my intention was not to impose a monologue.--John of Paris (talk) 22:51, 8 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I saw it elsewhere and thought it belonged in the article. No reason other than that. Hellbus (talk) 05:13, 9 December 2007 (UTC)

UPRW
Hi,

Union Pacific Rail-Way, while an erroneous name for the company, is a mistake that might be commonly made among Europeans. Redirects are cheap, and redirects for likely mistaken titles are never speediable and rarely deleted at AfD. Although I wouldn't suggest anyone go around creating deliberate redirects of this sort, they are normally allowed to remain if they exist. Redirects exist primarily for reader convenience, not to enforce any orthodoxy about "correct names". Best wishes, Xoloz (talk) 15:29, 23 December 2007 (UTC)

Leading wheel
I've taken the liberty of flipping your image in this article, in response to a request on the talk page. You remain attributed as the original uploader. Thanks. --Old Moonraker (talk) 21:33, 3 January 2008 (UTC)

My dear Hellbus, according to my old dad, who was a machinist on the Chesapeake and Ohio, the leading wheels were referred to as the 'engine truck'(with the trailing wheels called the 'trailing truck', or 'trailers'). Can you tell me if this is standard nomenclature in the States, or not? If it is, may I suggest a mention of that in the article? Please give me a buzz at my talk page. Many thanks.--Lyricmac (talk) 20:01, 18 January 2008 (UTC)

Sunshine
I wanted to say that you made a terrific replacement with Sunshine spacesuit.jpg! I think that it is a better shot of the spacesuit, especially with the Kenny-esque slit. Appreciate the improvement! — Erik (talk • contrib) - 16:08, 5 April 2008 (UTC)

 * I had a question, though; I've revised the fair use rationale for that image, and I was wondering if you had a link to that image found somewhere online? It would strengthen the "Source" part of the rationale. — Erik  (talk • contrib) - 16:13, 5 April 2008 (UTC)
 * No online link. I have the DVD and took a screenshot myself. I'll add some more detail to that description. Hellbus (talk) 18:33, 5 April 2008 (UTC)

Traser
> Self-Powered Lighting; Why? ==

Would you please explain why you think "Traser" should redirect to Self-powered lighting? Other than the dab template you recently added, the term "traser" does not appear in the article and I, for one, have never encountered it in connection with this sort of lighting. Thanks. Pzavon (talk) 14:56, 6 April 2008 (UTC)
 * Traser redirects there. I didn't create that redirect; I just added the link because the spelling is similar. Hellbus (talk) 16:42, 6 April 2008 (UTC)
 * However, as far as I can tell, the word "Traser" has no relevance to self-powered lighting, neither does "tracer," which does not redirect there. Do you know what Wikpedia policy is in such a case?  Pzavon (talk) 19:28, 6 April 2008 (UTC)
 * There's already a discussion on the talk page for Self-powered lighting regarding why "traser" is there to begin with. The reason I put the link on the tracer page is because of similarity of spelling. If it bothers you, go ahead and remove it. Hellbus (talk) 19:57, 6 April 2008 (UTC)

Userboxes
Hey there! I came across, amongst others, on Tetracube's userpage. They are fantastic. Do you mind if I steal them?

Thanks, --BlueNovember (talk) 19:39, 6 October 2008 (UTC)

 * Go ahead and use them. That's what they're there for. Hellbus (talk) 21:34, 6 October 2008 (UTC)

Consensus poll on Rebuild of Eva 1.0
Folken keeps forcing his edits on the Rebuild of Eva 1.0 article and I keep reverting them to my version, and basically I feel that Folken is ordering us around even though he has no authority to do so because he is not an admin, and he didn't do much to help setting up these articles, only nitpicking on things we wrote. Be that as it may, I feel the only way to stop him from bullying us around is to make a formal vote at Talk:Evangelion: 1.0 You Are (Not) Alone for consensus. Heck, vote against my position if you feel that is the proper course of action; the point is that Folken does not have the authority to single-handedly constantly be laying down decisions like this and such decisions should be made, I feel, with the support of the whole project. --Vi Veri Veniversum Vivus Vici (talk) 23:26, 6 October 2008 (UTC)
 * Well, I've chimed in on it. I've also noticed that Folken has a history of doing stuff like this. Hellbus (talk) 00:00, 7 October 2008 (UTC)

Hey guys, great news, even if you think your opinion is better than the WP guidelines and styles, it's not. Folken de Fanel (talk) 00:59, 7 October 2008 (UTC)
 * Have you tried being civil? It's really not necessary to step on everyone's toes just to make your opinion known. Hellbus (talk) 01:01, 7 October 2008 (UTC)

Barnstar

 * Thanks! Hellbus (talk) 03:30, 4 November 2008 (UTC)
 * No problem - credit where due! - Ahunt (talk) 11:36, 4 November 2008 (UTC)

Gas Turbine-Electric Locomotives
Gas turbine-electric locomotive article needs some "professional help", several of the locomotives mentioned are Gas Turbine-Hydraulic, not electric, examples of these include the French RTG, the UAC TurboTrain, Amtraks Turboliners, and CN's "Turbo"Wuhwuzdat (talk) 02:16, 19 December 2008 (UTC)
 * I'm not a professional. Hellbus (talk) 03:11, 19 December 2008 (UTC)

Ok, but your level of Wiki experience far exceeds my own..... Wuhwuzdat (talk) 04:34, 19 December 2008 (UTC)

Re: IP block
Hi, yes I looked at the other IPs. They are all registered to the Bulgarian Telecommunications Company Broadband Service, so they are possibly dynamic meaning that the link to Jetwave Dave could be coincidence. The user has now been warned and subsequently temporarily blocked for abusive behaviour, so can be blocked without further warning for similar behaviour in the future. —Jeremy (talk) 20:35, 31 January 2009 (UTC)

 * All the edits to GTEL come from Bulgarian IPs, whereas most of the suspected socks of Jetwave Dave are in Denver, Colorado. In marking one of the Bulgarian IPs as a suspected sock you commented that he could be using a proxy. If this is true then the best course of action is to try to find out if these IPs are open proxies because then we can place indefinite blocks on them. Otherwise, Jetwave Dave or not, the only course of action is short term blocks following any abusive edits.

 * I'm not 100% sure how to confirm an open proxy. The best evidence I can see is these three edits:, , and , where he rapidly switches between two of the IPs he has used. I'll take a look at WikiProject on open proxies and see what can be done. —Jeremy (talk) 23:15, 31 January 2009 (UTC)

 * I requested an open proxy check on 213.91.242.146. —Jeremy (talk) 23:32, 31 January 2009 (UTC)
 * Thanks. Hellbus (talk) 23:58, 31 January 2009 (UTC)

About me
your photograph of the train is amazing, i am using it in the research for my photography project called Time and Space. i go to university arts london. if you'd like to contact me, do so on llcreamphotography@gmx.com

thank you —Preceding unsigned comment added by 86.166.135.142 (talk) 09:50, February 1, 2009

You Image of the disassembled v-cube 7
Are there all pieces of the v-cube 7 on the image? I don't think so, because of some pieces shown in the picture of the v-cube 6, wich are not in the picture of the v-cube 7. If it is so, can you make a photo of all pieces? (Sorry for my bad english) --FUZxxl (talk) 19:59, 11 March 2009 (UTC)
 * All the pieces are there. The hidden pieces of the V-Cube 6 are still there on the V-Cube 7, just reshaped into pieces with stickers on them. The two puzzles have the same number of parts. Hellbus (talk) 22:00, 11 March 2009 (UTC)

Super Square One
Hi, I started a preliminary writeup of the new puzzle by Meffert's, Super Square One, and I'm wondering if you'd like to take a look at it and give me some feedback: User:Tetracube/Super Square One. I didn't put this in the main article space yet because I'm still undecided whether this deserves its own article, or it should be merged into Square One (puzzle). What do you think? Thanks.—Tetracube (talk) 20:57, 12 May 2009 (UTC)

Master Pyramorphix
Hi, I've written up a draft article on the Master Pyramophix (with lots of pictures :-)), and wonder if you'd like to take a look at it: User:Tetracube/Master Pyramorphix. Do you think there's enough material here to warrant its own article? Or should we merge it into Pyramorphix? Thanks!—Tetracube (talk) 14:46, 29 May 2009 (UTC)
 * I think this should be a subsection, not a separate article, since the Master Pyramorphix is based on the Rubik's Cube in the same way that the Pyramorphix is based on the Pocket Cube. I'll handle the permutations section, since I have a pretty good idea of how to calculate it. I'm assuming that this puzzle has the ribbed stickers like other Meffert's puzzles; if I'm wrong, let me know. Hellbus (talk) 22:23, 29 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Yep, this has ribbed stickers. The "Meffert's Challenge" logo is laminated over the sticker, but that's just a minor detail. :-) I'll merge this into Pyramorphix when I get the time. Thanks for your feedback.—Tetracube (talk) 23:02, 29 May 2009 (UTC)

 * Permutations have been added in. I think I got the right numbers but you may want to check to be sure. Hellbus (talk) 00:05, 30 May 2009 (UTC)

 * I've merged the page into Pyramorphix. I'll take a closer look at the calculations later. Thanks for the help!—Tetracube (talk) 17:36, 30 May 2009 (UTC)

Our Bulgarian "friend" is back
(term "friend" used very loosely) Please see Special:Contributions/87.252.167.254. Any and all assistance dealing with his tendentious edits, belligerent attitude, and eastern European lack of grammar would be greatly appreciated. Wuh Wuz  Dat  21:15, 25 September 2009 (UTC)
 * I must admit, I laughed at the edit summary you used for reverting him on the Baldwin loco article. Hellbus (talk) 21:49, 25 September 2009 (UTC)

NaH
Empirical formula?? NaH is the formula. There is no empirical formula, I dont think in this case.--Smokefoot (talk) 15:54, 17 January 2010 (UTC)
 * From the empirical formula article: "The empirical formula is used as standard for most ionic compounds, such as CaCl2, and for macromolecules, such as SiO2." NaH can have an arbitrary number of atoms, but the 1:1 ratio of sodium to hydrogen remains the same, so an empirical formula is the simplest way to describe it. Hellbus (talk) 17:06, 17 January 2010 (UTC)
 * And what other formula would be possibly listed Na2H2? Never mind It seems like a distinction without a difference.--Smokefoot (talk) 17:37, 17 January 2010 (UTC)

Goodbye
As it has become painfully obvious, my contributions are no longer welcome or needed here. In light of this situation, I am leaving this screwed up bureaucracy for the conceivable future. Good luck, my friend and keep fighting the good fight. ILLEGITIMUS NON CARBORUNDUM Wuh  Wuz  Dat  02:13, 18 January 2010 (UTC)

Well, you'd better get the President on the phone or
you're gonna have to answer to the Coca-Cola company! Burpelson AFB (talk) 03:21, 1 April 2010 (UTC)

 * Hello Hellbus. You might want to check back to your post on "B AFB's" talk page. I left a note that I hope that you will find both humorous and historical. Things change so fast. Cheers and happy editing. MarnetteD | Talk 01:14, 2 April 2010 (UTC)

Things I Won't Work With: Dioxygen Difluoride
Saw that you added a link to that in dioxygen difluoride. I also came across that amusing page today, and almost choked to death trying to stifle my laughter in the office. Hilarious!—Tetracube (talk) 23:43, 18 May 2010 (UTC)
 * After reading it, I knew more people needed to see it. Glad to see that I'm not the only one who got a kick out of it. Hellbus (talk) 23:44, 18 May 2010 (UTC)

Helicopter cube!
Hi, I've created a new Helicopter Cube article, complete with photos of the jumbling variant of it. However, I need some help with computing the number of combinations; do you think you could come up with something? Thanks!—Tetracube (talk) 14:16, 6 July 2010 (UTC)
 * I'll see what I can do. Prior to seeing your photos I didn't know that it was possible to deviate from the cube shape. Hellbus (talk) 16:47, 6 July 2010 (UTC)

 * Well, not all versions of the helicube are jumble-able. The ones sold by Meffert are; I believe the curvy copter variant doesn't.—Tetracube (talk) 19:35, 6 July 2010 (UTC)

 * I have the Meffert version, so when I come up with a figure I'll make sure to note that it applies to that version of the puzzle. Hellbus (talk) 21:05, 6 July 2010 (UTC)

 * You might just want to have two counts, one with jumbling, one without. I'm not sure how you'd count the jumbling combinations, unless restricted to cube shapes only; the possible jumbled shapes aren't obvious at all because jumbled pieces block certain moves but not others. It can get very complicated if you're going to account for all possibilities.—Tetracube (talk) 21:52, 6 July 2010 (UTC)

 * I think I'm going to have to restrict it to cube shapes, but I could still have two figures: one where jumble moves cause orbital transfers and one where no such moves are performed. Hellbus (talk) 23:07, 6 July 2010 (UTC)

Hi, could you please help with adding references to this article to establish notability? It got tagged last month while I was on vacation, and I've less time for WP these days. Thanks!—Tetracube (talk) 16:53, 1 September 2010 (UTC)
 * I haven't been able to find anything beyond the references you added. As for notability, I'm not really sure what needs to be done to resolve that concern. Hellbus (talk) 22:24, 1 September 2010 (UTC)

Nixie Tube GIF
Hey, great work on those nixie tube graphics. I'd like to use them in an application, are there any hi-res and/or 24bit versions of those shots? :) Thialfihar (talk) 11:49, 11 July 2010 (UTC)
 * Not uploaded yet, but I'll let you know when that changes. Hellbus (talk) 15:12, 11 July 2010 (UTC)
 * Awesome, cheers! Thialfihar (talk) 13:01, 12 July 2010 (UTC)
 * Images are available on Wikimedia Commons as noted on your talk page as well. Hellbus (talk) 04:11, 20 July 2010 (UTC)
 * They're excellent. I want to use them in a sort of retro-looking live wallpaper for Android, tho I'm not sure yet how exactly. For that 1000x1000 is probably overkill, but still an excellent basis to touch up and resize them as needed, thanks a lot. :) The Z566M ones are beautiful also. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Thialfihar (talk • contribs) 14:36, 24 July 2010 (UTC)
 * Love the Nixie tube gif but also your userbox (where I discovered it). Minorly re-edited it on my user page to "this user is old enough to fondly remember Nixie tubes". Thanks again. Juan Riley (talk) 19:32, 18 May 2014 (UTC)

Ask for Copyright for 'File:Chevy Nova SX-70 manipulation.jpg', Emergency~!
Hi Hellubs, I love your photo 'Chevy Nova SX-70 manipulation'. And I want to ask for your approve to use this picture in my essay 'Instant Camera Art'. It will print on our course book 'Art Write', but won't make any profit, it is just a project of our course 'Writing for culture and art'. I am a postgraduate student of COFA in Sydney. Hope you can approve my application. You can contact me via z3296381@unsw.edu.au —Preceding unsigned comment added by Shineshow (talk • contribs) 07:51, 11 October 2010 (UTC)
 * Permission granted. Hellbus (talk) 16:49, 11 October 2010 (UTC)

Someone is using your image without attribution
Hello Hellubs, you should contact this guy and ask if he plans to sell t-shirts with your Wikimedia Commons photograph. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.119.224.250 (talk) 23:54, 3 November 2010 (UTC)
 * Good find. I left a comment on the video. Hellbus (talk) 16:40, 4 November 2010 (UTC)

Reason why youtube is an unreliables Source
1) it's coming from a random youtube user, we have no idea where the information is coming from. 2)ti's just a simple video. We usually ask for text information, not videos. 3) Youtube is mainly a commercial site. But really, i feel like this was just a challenge seeing as you would agree with me anyways. You realize there isn't a Good Article on WIkipedia that uses youtube as a reliabel source. Questioning youtube as a reliable source is rather...well i dont know how to put it.Bread Ninja (talk) 05:51, 22 November 2010 (UTC)
 * If you had simply explained your reasoning clearly at the beginning (which you didn't), we wouldn't have as much back-and-forth as we did. Using a blank edit summary doesn't explain anything. I'm still unconvinced that having that link in the article is detrimental to the article, but I'll let it go. Hellbus (talk) 12:45, 22 November 2010 (UTC)

youtube, chi one of the more obvious reasons why it shouldn't, and has always been avoided. Remember, it's not the information thats unreliable, but the source. if the source isn't reliable, then we can't use the information, despite being true, plus, that wasn't an informative video. You see what I'm saying? If a reliable third party source talks about it, and has a video with it, then maybe, but again from a reliable source. youtube has always been an unreliable source.Bread Ninja (talk) 19:16, 6 December 2010 (UTC)

Nixie tube animated .gif
I like this image very much, and have used it at Neon lighting. I posted a question about the tube's code, and its diameter, at Commons. Cheers, Easchiff (talk) 00:43, 29 November 2010 (UTC)

Thanks for fixing the caption in the Neon lighting article, and modifying the Commons caption to indicate the manufacturer. I'm a bit of a stickler for indicating the sizes of objects in photos. Easchiff (talk) 04:22, 29 November 2010 (UTC)

FDIV bug
Why did you change "discovering" to "encountering" in ? "Discovering" accurately says that he discovered the bug. "Encountering" sounds to me like the bug was already known or that he didn't realize there was a bug. PrimeHunter (talk) 04:06, 4 February 2011 (UTC)
 * From the FDIV bug article: "On October 24, 1994 he reported the issue to Intel. According to Nicely, his contact person at Intel would later admit that Intel had been aware of the problem since May 1994, when the flaw had been discovered when testing the FPU for its new P6 core, first used in the Pentium Pro." However, on another reading I noticed the same article credits him with independently discovering it, so you can change it back if you like. Hellbus (talk) 04:09, 4 February 2011 (UTC)

 * I have changed it back. If a company keeps something secret then I think it's fair to say it's discovered by the first discoverer outside the company. PrimeHunter (talk) 04:38, 4 February 2011 (UTC)

Cubes
Hey, I don't know if anyone ever pointed this out to you before, but the picture of your Rubik's Cubes is in the background of this other image. :) TheCoffee (talk) 18:28, 17 April 2011 (UTC)
 * Nice catch. I keep thinking I should redo that one with all the cubes having the same body color, either black or white. Hellbus (talk) 02:11, 18 April 2011 (UTC)

USS Kentucky FAR
nominated USS Kentucky (BB-66) for a featured article review here. Please join the discussion on whether this article meets featured article criteria. Articles are typically reviewed for two weeks. If substantial concerns are not addressed during the review period, the article will be moved to the Featured Article Removal Candidates list for a further period, where editors may declare "Keep" or "Delist" the article's featured status. The instructions for the review process are here.. You are receiving this notice because you are one of three editors with the most edits to the article. Brad (talk) 05:52, 12 August 2011 (UTC)

Reuse of Nixie Tube graphics
Just to let you know I have reused your Nixie Tube graphics in a freeware PyS60 (python for Series 60) application for Nokia Symbian mobile phones - about 2 years ago. App website here. Sorry the page looks bad, but Google killed the site and auto conversion to new location didn't quite work.

So why do I tell about this now? Because I want to convert the same freeware app to iPhone and was looking for higher resolution graphics. Quite surprisingly I discovered your new pics in Commons! Much appreciated, will give credit within the new app (if Apple approves yet another simple clock app).

Oh, one more thing. Created this Wikipedia account ONLY to tell you about this! Not sure when/if I login next time... Email address is valid in case you see some problems? Jokohama (talk) 06:31, 30 January 2012 (UTC)
 * I had someone else make a similar request once, so I uploaded photos of the digits of two different tubes. Here are the ones like what you have on your website. Just click to get to the 1000x1000 pixel versions. Hellbus (talk) 03:38, 1 February 2012 (UTC)

File:Gimli glider.JPG listed for deletion
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:Gimli glider.JPG, has been listed at Files for deletion. Please see the to see why this is (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry), if you are interested in it not being deleted. Thank you. Dcoetzee 14:45, 12 November 2012 (UTC)

Maurice Tillet Wikipedia page - need your help?
Respectfully, I have updated the Tillet page twice, and you have removed the information twice. I completely agree to your first removal. My wording was clumsy. It is something I continually work on. I completely agree with that removal. My second update I tried to keep to the subject of death masks created by Bobby Managoff. Every letter I wrote I can prove as fact. You removed it citing original research. There is very few people of the world studying Maurice, yet there is allot of data still out there that can be added. For example, I have a newspaper saying he graduated from St. Stanislaus, a Catholic School that takes children up until completion of High school, and another article that said he was going for his law degree at Talouse University in Paris. No one seems to know if he graduated. Is this "Original Research" Would you allow me to add it, because it is in some newspaper? I am finding the newspapers get it wrong sometimes, and in some cases, often! In fact what I see is people blogging and reblogging is the same old hyperbole on the man. For these death masks, I have been in almost constant contact with all three of the museums where the death masks exist now, and have been working with staff and curators to perform a proper compare that has PROVEN conclusively that a 4th death mask exists. I suspect this is the area you are citing as original research, however I back it up conclusively with pictures and details in the cited blog. It is likely that no one is more educated on the subject of Maurice Tillet than myself at this time. The man has been dead for going on 60 years and I refuse rehash the same old tired rhetoric on this most amazing man. I would like to add to the bulk of knowledge known on the man. The problem is I am now very concerned about your actions I have serious concerns that you will remove my posts even though the facts I have provided are based upon sound research. My last update could not have been more solidly proven, yet you removed it citing "Original Research".. I now know things that others do not about Maurice and I have the proof needed to back it up. If that is not what Wikipedia is for, then what is it? Respectfully, if you remove my updates, then you may as well remove more. For example - " Tillet wrestled for two years in France and England until World War II forced them to leave for the United States in 1939.[1]" Likely this is not accurate. When I read up on why he left Paris it was not to flee anything. He left for the money that could be made in Wrestling in the United States. The cited page was : "http://slam.canoe.ca/Slam/Wrestling/2011/12/14/19123831.html" They did a great job on their site, however it does not mean they got it perfectly accurate. "In Boston, Massachusetts, in 1940, promoter Paul Bowser pushed Tillet, who was wrestling as The French Angel, as a main eventer,.." Maurice became the French Angel after another promoter STOLE the Angel nickname and gimmick. He was originally just, "The Angel" until there was the need to clarify WHAT Angel he was. It seems I need something to the equivalent of your permission in order to post on Maurice. I am humble enough to know that my literary skills are sometimes lacking, however my research and ability to get at truth is not. If you want to be my proof reader, I would welcome that. In fact I would love a passionately involved proof reader. Before I attempt anything more on the Maurice Tillet Wikipedia page, I am seeking your thoughts so that we can avoid a repeat performance. I look forward to a civilized discussion discussion about this matter. Regards - Interested in the Angel. Interested in the Angel (talk) 06:25, 19 November 2012 (UTC)

 * Please read WP:OR and WP:RS. A blog is not considered a reliable source. Your username and narrow focus for editing suggest a conflict of interest also. Hellbus (talk) 17:47, 20 November 2012 (UTC)

HELLBUS, you know what, you are absolutely right. I do have a mild conflict of interest. Please do not believe I have a narrow focus or that I stopped at research done on the masks. My original update contained more, and honestly I have a ton more details I could add, that are completely accurate about Maurice, rather than retold misinformation

My blog goes about as deep into everything Maurice Tillet as has ever been done. The reason I started researching Maurice was because I have a death mask created from the man, however I go much deeper. Maurice is likely is the inspiration for Shrek and I show why and provide details to back this claim, I correct misinformation out there on the net about him, and I provide the largest collection of details on the man himself. My intent is to remove hyperbole about him, replacing it with more accurate details.

The likelihood I will ever sell the mask this in this manner is almost nill. Very little interest in Maurice these days. However, I have done a TON of research on Maurice, and it is much more factual and deep than what exists on him now. How do I enter, "Facts into Evidence" as it were, when I know what is written about him is incomplete or incorrect. After all these death masks are an interesting chapter in Maurice's legacy. However this is just the start of what I want to add. Then I ran into you, and found it was not that easy.

Here's my problem: I can look at details in the wikipedia page now, and prove things wrong. Such as "Tillet died on September 4, 1954, in France, from heart disease.[1] Tillet is buried at Lithuanian National Cemetery in Justice, Illinois in (Cook County, Illinois)" He did not die in France, and I have the newspaper article that gives the specifics of when, where, he died. WHERE did this information come from that indicates he died in France?

One of the reference pages is this: "The French Angel was more man than monster". Slam! Sports - Is this a reputable source???? In their online article they say, "Indeed, "unusual" is perhaps best used to describe Tillet, a far more fair term than the mean-spirited nicknames of "the world's ugliest man," "freak" or "human monstrosity." "  Maurice and his manager intentionally marketed Maurice that way. It was not mean spirited, he chose it, for marketing.

Another questionable detail, "His friends nicknamed him Angel," reads The French Angel Record Book." I very much respect the author of that book however I have just as many quotes to show that his mother gave him that nickname.

Another incorrect detail of the article is this: ""The Angel" wrestled in England and France until World War II drove the pair to the United States in 1939. ".. He left before the war and by his own account in another newspaper quoting him, he left before the start of the war and was for opportunity NOT because of the war. Maurice was French navy to the core and would have instantly joined up and fought.. In fact he tried to join the U.S. war effort and was turned down and was devastated by it. And again - "At 5-foot-7, 270 pounds, Tillet was an awesome, if disproportioned" Maurice was 5foot 8, and 1/2 and was measured by Harvard Anthropologists.

Your allowing a reference to be in the Wikipedia page, that if scrutinized has its fair share of incorrect details.

You also have included in this page - "http://thehumanmarvels.com/110/%E2%80%98the-french-angel%E2%80%99-maurice-tillet/disfigured" - "He aspired to become an actor and was highly intelligent, allegedly speaking 14 languages and being quite gifted in prose. However, in his twenties, Maurice developed acromegaly." I have yet to see anything credible that shows Maurice spoke beyond 4 languages. I suspect he did, however this 14, I suspect is rampantly passed on hyperbole, to raise up the man. It was at age 17, from most reports he saw acromegaly start attacking his features, NOT in his 20's..

My issue is this. I will admit to a COI, since I would someday like to sell my death mask. So in that you are completely correct. You were also correct in removing my first post as my wording was not up to PAR. However, my research, is authentic and backed up with more fact than is presented anywhere else. My sourcing goes far and beyond the sources currently on the page that are basically repackaging what is believed.

I will NOT update Wikipedia with anything until we settle this little issue. Your saying I cannot use my blog as a reputable source, however I have been to one of those museums and have spoken to and received pictures of all the busts. I dig for details on the man, likely like no one has done. I never say never, and I try to avoid using the word fact, as it is hard to get to absolute knowledge.

So where do we go from here? Your allowing source materials and references that I can prove contain incorrect information. I would challenge anyone to critique what I present in my blog and read for factual accuracy?

Tell me, what do I do to get "Facts entered into Evidence"? It is known far and wide that Wikipedia is a great place to go to get leads and learn quickly on a subject, but cannot be trusted. I appreciate someone like yourself guarding the gates, however I have more details and facts than I have seen out there and would somehow like to update the page within policy.

HELP? Interested in the Angel (talk) 22:36, 21 November 2012 (UTC)
 * Please read WP:SPS also. Posting information on your blog is not sufficient to have said information included in an encyclopedia. I'm not indicating belief or doubt in what you have claimed. The message I'm trying to get through to you is that your blog is not enough. These claims need to be cited by other sources. If you have other sources to back you up, by all means cite them and add your information back. As for what I have "included," I haven't. If you feel the information is incorrect (and can cite such) then the other link can be removed. Hellbus (talk) 00:25, 22 November 2012 (UTC)

I would like to respond you what you said here, "Posting information on your blog is not sufficient to have said information included in an encyclopedia." I worked diligently to perform the research required to proof anything that started as theory. What is claimed in the blog is sourced. Sourcing is not enough here, because we have bigger issues. COI and Original Research, pretty much makes it impossible for me to present anything about these four death masks now known to exist. Anything I would add on the subject would constitute a COI. Almost every site on the net about Maurice say's three death masks exist. There is now four, and this simply does not sound like the place I am allowed to present this new fact.

I have gone to the Dan Gable Wrestling Museum and physically done a compare. I have also taken tons of pictures of all and shared them with all the museums in order to verify authenticity. I have done a detailed analysis with an artist that does body castings to review all physical evidence the remains on the bust. I have been in in almost continual contact with, and shared information with the curator of the Warren Anatomical Museum at Harvard, and contacts at the Dan Gable Wrestling museum. Even if there was not a COI issue, not sure how to source the research performed and the conclusions drawn. All I can do is present the evidence and conclusions, and open myself to public scrutiny to make sure I am not making a mis-step. This is, in part, the reason I wished to post here. I want oversight, and to make sure I am representing things as they are. What troubles me is that acceptable knowledge transfer in Wikipedia is not based on truth or fact, rather only the acceptability of source. You have effectively pointed out that wikipedia is not a place for the addition of new facts or information. Wikipedia is a place for those with sourceable information to provide, what is already known or generally believed. The idea being if you can source it, you can sell it as fact here. My problem with this is misinformation. I can show you a half dozen articles written about Maurice, that completely gets things incorrect. I could very easily source those, providing completely incorrect information. My point, is hopefully well received. Sourcing, does not ensure truth or fact.

As you study any subject, there is always room for correction, and addition. I have turned over my research and all details to Harvard, as well as to the museums on the Maurice Tillet death masks. They have appreciated what I have been able to add about the masks as well as to the details of Maurice. Should they publish what I have added to the story, THAT would be an independent source. Unfortunately, Maurice is not all that relevant at this time. My research will likely be filed, and not published anytime soon, if ever.

It has been made perfectly clear that this is not the place to present any NEW information. Since I now understand that Wikipedia is about sourcin, and not a search for fact or truth, I will the misinformation presented, to remain, as it appears what is in there is somehow properly sourced. With respect to what is on the page, everything is pretty accurate with the exception of his dying in France. He died in the U.S.

My specific complaint is with the source link, and external links. A proper critique of the details in those shows they contain too many mistakes on the man to be allowed to used as source material. My blog most likely contains the most thorough and accurate details on the man, correcting misinformation, adding new theories, and providing new facts, however it is not a proper source here.

What I have learned here about wikipedia has helped me immensely and I thank you. I now understand, more completely what Wikipedia is for. I should continue to do my own research, should I want to get at truth, or fact of a subject.

Thank you for your time Interested in the Angel (talk) 05:27, 22 November 2012 (UTC)
 * If you have done research, you should have third-party sources to cite. What is unclear about this? Hellbus (talk) 23:29, 22 November 2012 (UTC)

I can source everything, with the exception of this 4th Maurice Tillet death mask that I own. Since I own it I have a inherent COI issue. Also, sourcing of the authenticity of this mask is all but impossible, for the fact that it is Original research. I had no idea what I had, until very recently. I picked it up, only because I liked it. Then my research began. I scoured the net and spoke to everyone connected to the death masks in order to see if anyone had ever heard of another existing. I scoured the net and it consistently refers to THREE total being created by the artist. I contacted each of the three museums where the three known to exist are, and was able to do a detailed analysis by picture comparison. In one case I was able to travel to the museum with mine, and performed a side by side comparison. When you say, "What is so unclear about that?" I guess it is the obvious. I have no idea how to source, original research. I think we have gone full circle now. What I have, I can prove, however the proof is only presented in a blog that I created. Interested in the Angel (talk) 04:05, 23 November 2012 (UTC)

Nixie tube switched off
Hi, big thx for the nixie tube images. I wrote a screensaver using them. Do you have by any chance a picture with the tube switched off, i.e. showing no number at all. I tried to photoshop something but it looks weird. MrTridac (talk) 08:30, 16 October 2014 (UTC)
 * Which tube do you need a picture of? Hellbus (talk) 19:17, 16 October 2014 (UTC)

Image usage
Hi Hellbus! We love some of your photos here at our designer agency & appreciate that you have popped them up on the wiki commons under the Creative Commons license for us to use. We would love to use some of your images in our presentations, but would find it difficult to attribute based on the presentation of our work. I wanted to see if we could possibly arrange an agreement or a donation to correctly use your work for our presentation style? my appropriate email can be found in my profile to discuss. Many thanks, Michael Pugs18 (talk) 06:08, 16 June 2016 (UTC)
 * I can't access your profile. Hellbus (talk) 08:55, 16 June 2016 (UTC)

Hi Hellbus, sorry, not sure i created correctly. I can be contact at mpuglisi@sabanbrands.com Thanks very muchPugs18 (talk) 03:17, 17 June 2016 (UTC)

Edit marked as minor
Hello, Hellbus. You recently marked [//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Backronym&curid=36982&diff=1108933929&oldid=1107952572 this edit] as minor, but the edit added substantive/factual content. Minor edits are typically just cosmetic, such as fixing typos or formatting references and so on. Maybe that is not how you think about minor edits, but for editors like me marking that edit as minor is potentially misleading. Happy editing, Cnilep (talk) 01:01, 12 September 2022 (UTC)

ArbCom 2022 Elections voter message
 Hello! Voting in the 2022 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

If you wish to participate in the 2022 election, please review the candidates and submit your choices on the voting page. If you no longer wish to receive these messages, you may add to your user talk page. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:21, 29 November 2022 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image File:Q2 front-side view.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:Q2 front-side view.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described in section F5 of the criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. --B-bot (talk) 03:30, 8 March 2023 (UTC)

File:MM Leftovers.jpg listed for discussion
A file that you uploaded or altered, File:MM Leftovers.jpg, has been listed at Files for discussion. Please see the to see why it has been listed (you may have to search for the title of the image to find its entry). Feel free to add your opinion on the matter below the nomination. Thank you. ―Justin ( koavf ) ❤T☮C☺M☯ 06:27, 17 July 2023 (UTC)

ArbCom 2023 Elections voter message
 Hello! Voting in the 2023 Arbitration Committee elections is now open until 23:59 (UTC) on. All eligible users are allowed to vote. Users with alternate accounts may only vote once.

The Arbitration Committee is the panel of editors responsible for conducting the Wikipedia arbitration process. It has the authority to impose binding solutions to disputes between editors, primarily for serious conduct disputes the community has been unable to resolve. This includes the authority to impose site bans, topic bans, editing restrictions, and other measures needed to maintain our editing environment. The arbitration policy describes the Committee's roles and responsibilities in greater detail.

If you wish to participate in the 2023 election, please review the candidates and submit your choices on the voting page. If you no longer wish to receive these messages, you may add to your user talk page. MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 00:23, 28 November 2023 (UTC)

Orphaned non-free image File:T1 color photo.jpg
Thanks for uploading File:T1 color photo.jpg. The image description page currently specifies that the image is non-free and may only be used on Wikipedia under a claim of fair use. However, the image is currently not used in any articles on Wikipedia. If the image was previously in an article, please go to the article and see why it was removed. You may add it back if you think that that will be useful. However, please note that images for which a replacement could be created are not acceptable for use on Wikipedia (see our policy for non-free media).

Note that any non-free images not used in any articles will be deleted after seven days, as described in section F5 of the criteria for speedy deletion. Thank you. --B-bot (talk) 02:41, 13 April 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:Hellbus


text: Category:Bridges completed in 1884

title: Category:Bridges completed in 1884


text:
140 Broadway

140 Broadway (formerly known as the Marine Midland Building or the HSBC Bank Building) is a 51-story International Style office building on the east side of Broadway between Cedar and Liberty streets in the Financial District of Manhattan in New York City. The building was designed by Gordon Bunshaft, of the firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, and consists of a mostly smooth black facade on a trapezoidal plot. It is approximately 688 ft tall, with approximately 1.17 e6sqft. It is known for the distinctive sculpture at its entrance, Isamu Noguchi's Cube.

The developer Erwin S. Wolfson acquired the site in several stages between 1952 and 1961. Initial plans called for a 36-story monolith, but when Wolfson died, the architects modified their plans to a 51-story tower, which occupied only two-fifths of the block and conformed to the 1961 Zoning Resolution. The building was erected between late 1964 and 1967 and was originally known for its main tenant, the Marine Midland Corporation (later part of HSBC). Several early tenants were affiliated with the financial industry, including banking and accounting firms. In 1998, the building was sold to Silverstein Properties, which undertook a major renovation.

The primary tenant of the building since 2002 is Brown Brothers Harriman, filling a vacancy left after HSBC relocated in 2001. The building has been owned by Union Investment since 2004, and the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission designated the building as a city landmark in 2013. Reviews of the building among architecture critics have been largely positive, with several praising the structure's smooth black facade.

Site
140 Broadway is located on an entire city block bounded to the west by Broadway, to the north by Liberty Street, to the east by Nassau Street, and to the south by Cedar Street. The block is an irregular trapezoid, with all of its frontages being of different lengths. The block measures 144 ft along Broadway, 318 ft along Liberty Street, 184 ft along Nassau Street, and 301 ft along Cedar Street. The building occupies two-fifths of the block, with dimensions of between 87 and 209 ft. Its footprint is rhomboid, matching the shape of the block. Roger N. Radford, the leader of the team that designed 140 Broadway, stated that many of the tenants he knew were unaware of the building's "funny shape".

Within 140 Broadway's immediate surroundings are One Liberty Plaza to the northwest; the Chamber of Commerce of the State of New York and the Liberty Tower to the north; the Federal Reserve Bank of New York Building to the northeast; 28 Liberty Street to the east; the Equitable Building to the south; the Trinity and United States Realty Buildings to the southwest; and Zuccotti Park to the west. Trinity Church and Wall Street are located two blocks south.

Architecture
140 Broadway was designed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM) in the International Style, with Gordon Bunshaft as the lead on the project. It was erected by the Diesel Construction Company, co-founded by prolific real-estate developer Erwin S. Wolfson, and led by Carl Morse at the time of the building's construction. Roger N. Radford was the design team's leader; Allan Labie was the project manager; Bradley B. Sullivan was the job captain; and James Ruderman was the structural engineer. Thomas Crimmins Construction Company were hired to excavate the site, and U.S. Steel provided the steel.

140 Broadway contains 51 stories and measures either 677 ft or 688 ft tall. It has about 21,000 to 24,000 ft2 on each floor, or 1.2 e6ft2 total. The structure uses a frame weighing 14000 ST. Because of 140 Broadway's energy efficiency, the U.S. Green Building Council has certified 140 Broadway as a Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Gold structure.

Form and facade
The New York City Department of City Planning passed the 1961 Zoning Resolution in October 1960, and the new zoning rules became effective in December 1961, superseding the 1916 Zoning Resolution. Rather than the inclusion of setbacks that the old zoning laws had encouraged, the new zoning laws allowed skyscrapers to have a bulky massing with additional floor area, in exchange for the inclusion of ground-level open spaces. 140 Broadway's design strictly adhered to the 1961 law; according to Radford, the law "force[d] the mass of the building toward the center of the site".

Harry Helmsley, who took over the building's development after Wolfson's death, sought to emphasize the building's vertical axis. As a result, Radford decided to emphasize the vertical window-washing tracks along the black-aluminum facade. The facade is otherwise smooth, with dark glass panels as well as slightly textured aluminum window trim. The western facade has three vertical bays of six windows each, while the eastern facade has four bays of six windows. The northern and southern facades each have seven bays of six windows. Little else was attached to the facade, except for signs with the number 140 on both faces of either southern corner, as well as the name of the Marine Midland Bank on the Broadway and Cedar Street sides. There are numerous revolving doors on all four sides that provide access to the building.

Initial plans called for a rectangular building with a light-gray, grid-like facade made of concrete or aluminum. The building had been redesigned by 1965 to have a smooth facade that harmonized with the surrounding masonry buildings while standing out from its surroundings. One critic wrote that the previous design had 140 Broadway as "a little brother to [28 Liberty Street] in the same shiny finish", which he said "would have looked like a poor relation." Another compared the new plan to contemporary graphic design and Ad Reinhardt's "black" paintings. The design of 140 Broadway's facade was also patterned after the Equitable Life Assurance Building, designed by Pietro Belluschi in Portland, Oregon.

Plaza

140 Broadway is set back 80 ft from the curb on Broadway, 30 ft from Cedar Street's curb, and 25 ft from Liberty Street's curb. A public plaza is located in this intermediate space and is made of tiled white travertine. An entrance to the New York City Subway's Broad Street station existed on the plaza's southeast corner but was removed by 1999. A granite monument to Harry Helmsley is located at the plaza's southwest corner. The sidewalks on all sides of 140 Broadway are 20 ft wide and are maintained by the New York City Department of Transportation rather than the building's owners, but are sometimes considered part of the plaza.

The Cube
According to Radford, Bunshaft suggested that Isamu Noguchi be involved with the project. During the building's construction, Noguchi was commissioned to create a sculpture for the portion of the plaza facing Broadway. He had originally proposed a "megalith" or a "cluster of primitivisitic monoliths". However, Helmsley felt that the "megalith" would have cost too much. Subsequently, Bunshaft had suggested combining Noguchi's "series of rocks" into a single block.

Noguchi's final sculpture, titled The Cube, was installed in 1968. It is a vermilion-hued rhombohedron with a cylindrical hole through its center, standing upon one corner and measuring 28 ft tall. The Cube is located off-center, on the north side of the plaza, contrasting with 140 Broadway's dark facade while turning viewers' attention toward the surrounding plaza. Like 140 Broadway, it was detailed by SOM and has an aluminum frame. Bunshaft praised The Cube as "work[ing] beautifully with the building [in] every way", while Metropolitan Museum of Art director Thomas Hoving said that the cube was a sign of "change in public taste".

Planning and construction
In 1952, Wolfson began purchasing land on the city block bounded by Cedar, Liberty, and Nassau Streets, and Broadway. The six plots on the block had been owned by different entities immediately prior to Wolfson's purchase, including The Clearing House, the National Bank of Commerce, and the Guaranty Trust Company (later part of J.P. Morgan & Co.), and had five buildings between nine and nineteen stories tall. These entities eventually sold all of their properties to J.P. Morgan, and in August 1961, Wolfson bought all six plots from J.P. Morgan. At the time, Wolfson was planning a 32-story building on the site, a bulky mass that would conform with the 1961 Zoning Resolution, as well as allow for the widening of Liberty Street in conjunction with the construction of 28 Liberty Street, then known as One Chase Manhattan Plaza. Wolfson's building would have had masonry canopies protruding from the floor plates. Also in 1961, SOM was hired as the architecture firm for the proposed building.

Wolfson died suddenly in June 1962. Upon Morse's request, developer Harry Helmsley agreed to collaborate on the project, and Helmsley created the 140 Broadway Corporation. Lawrence A. Wien also became a sponsor of the project. The plans were modified in May 1963 to provide for a 40-story skyscraper occupying two-fifths of the block. The modified plans also provided for closing Cedar Street, thereby forming a pedestrian plaza extending to 28 Liberty Street, as well as adding subway entrances. By June 1964, Wolfson's estate and Helmsley were about to submit plans for the building. Two months later, Wien withdrew from the project and Helmsley modified the building to have 49 floors, still occupying two-fifths of the block. The architects submitted a new-building application to the New York City Department of Buildings in early 1964, though minor changes to the plans were made in subsequent months.

Demolition of existing buildings on the site started in June 1964. The builders endeavored to reduce noise as much as possible: demolition took place only during off-peak hours, and heavy blankets were used to muffle the sound of blasting as well as contain the debris. Site excavation was completed in the middle of the following year, and construction of the building frame commenced, with 600 workers being employed. Keeping with the noise-reduction policy of the foundation's excavation, the building utilized a "butt-welded structural frame", which necessitated less time on the noisy processes of bolting and riveting. One floor was built every two days, and 140 Broadway topped out during June 1966. One person working nearby stated that his lawnmower made more noise than the building's construction. Bunshaft recalled that the building's cost was higher than average "due to the wisdom of Wolfson initially, Helmsley waking up, and Carl Morse urging that it not be the cheapest building in the world but the most economical one...."

Usage
In October 1965, Marine Midland Bank leased the two basements and the first 20 floors. Because the bank was the largest tenant at 140 Broadway, Helmsley's corporation gave the bank naming rights to the building. According to the bank's annual report for that year, 140 Broadway was to be the new headquarters of the bank. The second floor contained the main banking hall. By March 1967, the building was 90% rented. The Department of Buildings gave a temporary occupancy certificate that April, and certified the building as complete in October 1967. Other original tenants at the building included Clarke, Dodge Company; Delafield Delafield; Laird Company Corporation; and Control Data Corporation. Later tenants included Morgan Stanley, Paine Webber, Ernest & Ernest, the City Midday Club, Puerto Rico's government, and Helmsley's company Helmsley-Spear. In 1980, HSBC acquired a 51% controlling interest in the Marine Midland Corporation.

After Helmsley died in January 1997, his widow Leona Helmsley sold off over a dozen of his properties. The New York Times wrote that 140 Broadway had "attracted the most attention from prospective buyers": although the building was only 59% occupied and required renovations, real estate in the Financial District was highly sought. After several bids were received from six "serious finalists", the building was sold to Larry Silverstein's company Silverstein Properties for $190 million in January 1998. Subsequently, Silverstein undertook a $60 million renovation and leased out much of the remaining space. At the time, Silverstein harbored concerns that HSBC, which occupied 40% of the space, would move out once its lease expired in 2002. HSBC subsequently moved its primary headquarters to the HSBC Tower in Midtown Manhattan in 2001. Brown Brothers Harriman & Co. was then signed as 140 Broadway's major tenant, moving to 20 floors.

The building was purchased in 2004 by German firm Union Investment. On June 25, 2013, the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission designated the Marine Midland Building as a New York City landmark. In January 2018, the building's owners proposed adding circular planters to the plaza, as well as adding "street furniture" on the sidewalk, which would potentially displace street vendors. Despite controversy over the plans, the Landmarks Preservation Commission approved the changes in March 2018. The designs for the renovated plaza call for planters to be installed on the section of the plaza on Liberty Street. By 2021, the building's owners were marketing Brown Brothers Harriman's space for rent.

Bombings
A bombing occurred on 140 Broadway's eighth floor on August 20, 1969, injuring 20 people. Police estimated the bomb to be the equivalent of 25 sticks of dynamite, making it among the city's strongest bomb blasts to date. The explosive was placed in a hallway just off the elevators some time during the evening and it exploded at around 10:30 pm. The injured were working on the night shift in the bank's stock bookkeeping department and were working on the other side of the corridor wall. The inside of this wall was lined with floor-to-ceiling automated file units that weighed 3 tons each and which absorbed most of the blast. Still, the blast moved the file units about a foot, blew out all the windows on that side of the building, and opened a 5 ft hole in the reinforced concrete floor. The bomber, Sam Melville, was convicted of this and seven other 1969 Manhattan bombings and sentenced to 18 years in prison. He was killed by a state sharpshooter during the Attica Prison riot in September 1971. As a result of the bombing, the Marine Midland Company increased security.

In 1972, Ronald Kaufman made an unsuccessful attempt to bomb the building by hiding an explosive in a bank vault. The building was again damaged in 1974, when Fuerzas Armadas de Liberación Nacional Puertorriqueña detonated a car bomb on the adjacent street. The bomb's force was equivalent to 40 sticks of dynamite and scattered debris for one and a half blocks.

Other incidents
On October 20, 1981, a fire occurred at 140 Broadway's 47th floor. When an elevator with five workers inside opened its doors on the 47th floor, the occupants were injured and had to manually seal the door. This prompted an investigation, which found that hundreds of New York City buildings' elevators did not have keys that enabled firefighters to navigate to specific floors. The elevators were supposed to have been upgraded as part of a 1973 law that mandated compliance with a new fire code, including upgrades to elevators that were activated by heat rather than automatically. The law had a deadline of September 1981, and after the fire at 140 Broadway, numerous landlords were given summonses for not complying with the new fire code. In 1984, a disgruntled maintenance worker removed parts of 140 Broadway's air-conditioning system and stored these components elsewhere. After the air-conditioning system had been taken apart for the winter, the worker, Robert Rodriguez, dumped some crucial components of the air-conditioning system into a tank on the 37th floor, which served the building's sprinkler system. Some 10,000 workers lost air-conditioning for several weeks, being "uncomfortably warm" until June 1984, when Rodriguez was arrested and the parts of the air-conditioning system were retrieved by scuba divers.

Critical reception
Reviews among architecture critics were largely positive. In 1968, Ada Louise Huxtable of The New York Times described 140 Broadway as "one of the handsomest [skyscrapers] in the city", enhanced by the inclusion of The Cube, and two years later, said that it was the "epitome of nineteen sixties sophisticated architectural elegance" contrasting with the Chamber of Commerce and One Liberty Plaza. Huxtable further stated in 1974 that 140 Broadway was "not only one of [the] buildings I admire most in New York, but that I admire most anywhere". Huxtable's successor at the Times, Paul Goldberger, said "the glass curtain wall is dark and refined, it is discreet", and ranked it as SOM's "best" New York City building. Goldberger later said that 140 Broadway probably had the "most beautiful glass 'skin' of any skyscraper in Manhattan". John Tauranac wrote that 140 Broadway was "Manhattan's most elegant tower", while John Morris Dixon, writing in Architectural Forum, said it was among "the handsomest office buildings in the U.S.A." Eric Nash said that the building was "one of the last, best expressions of modernist unity".

As early as 1996, architect Robert A. M. Stern had suggested that 140 Broadway was a viable candidate for official landmark status. Stern, in his book New York 1960 had said, "Its sleekly Modernist exteriors were an appropriate extension of the building's exterior minimalism", and had called The Cube one of the building's "most memorable aspects". The 2010 version of the AIA Guide to New York City characterized 140 Broadway as "a taut skin stretched over bare bones". 140 Broadway's design was widely imitated. In New York City, subsequent buildings that used a similar style included SOM's Solow Building and Emery Roth's 450 Park Avenue, as well as SOM's designs for 919 Third Avenue and 1166 Avenue of the Americas.

title: 140 Broadway


text:
Phil Verchota

Phillip John Verchota (born December 28, 1956) is an American former ice hockey forward. He is best known for being a member of the 1980 U.S. Olympic hockey team that won the gold medal in the event known as the Miracle on Ice. He was the captain of the U.S. hockey team at the 1984 Winter Olympics.

College career
Verchota attended Duluth East High School where he also was a star defensive tackle in gridiron football and recruited for both football and hockey at the University of Minnesota. However, he chose not to play on the football team and devoted all attention on playing hockey for the Minnesota Gophers. Verchota was a member of the 1976 and 1979 NCAA championship teams coached by Herb Brooks.

International/club career
Verchota made his international debut at the 1979 Ice Hockey World Championship in Moscow after his college career had ended. He then joined the U.S. Olympic team on a full-time basis for the 1979-80 season.

After the Olympics, Verchota opted to play overseas with Jokerit in Finland rather than sign a contract with the Minnesota North Stars, who had drafted him 75th overall in the 1976 NHL Entry Draft (he also turned down an offer from the North Stars in 1977 to leave U. of Minnesota early). Verchota also played for the U.S. national team at the 1981 Ice Hockey World Championship tournament in Stockholm before taking a one-year sabbatical from hockey.

He rejoined the U.S. national team as a full-time player in 1982–83 and helped the United States win the ice hockey world championship "Pool B" qualifying tournament in the spring of 1983. He continued with the US national program until the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo, and retired from hockey afterwards.

Post-playing career
Verchota (who is a business administration major and Williams Scholar at University of Minnesota) went into banking after retirement and became senior vice president of First American Bank in Willmar, Minnesota. He was named one of the 50 greatest players in University of Minnesota hockey history as part of "Legends on Ice" tribute in 2001. His skates from 1980 are part of the National Museum of American History collection.

In popular culture
Verchota is not featured in a 1981 TV movie about the 1980 U.S. hockey team called Miracle on Ice, but does appear in archival footage of the medal ceremony where he is awarded the gold medal.

In the 2004 Disney film Miracle, he is played by Kris Wilson, who in 2002 led the University of Wisconsin-Superior to the NCAA Division III hockey championship.

title: Phil Verchota


text:
Rutuli

The Rutuli or Rutulians were an ancient people in Italy. The Rutuli were located in a territory whose capital was the ancient town of Ardea, located about 35 km southeast of Rome.

Thought to have been descended from the Umbri and the Pelasgians, according to modern scholars they were more probably connected with the Etruscan or Ligurian peoples.

Mythological history
In Virgil's Aeneid, and also according to Livy, the Rutuli are led by Turnus, a young prince to whom Latinus, king of the Latins, had promised the hand of his daughter Lavinia in marriage. When the Trojans arrived in Italy, Latinus decided to give his daughter to Aeneas instead because of instructions he had received from the gods to marry his daughter to a foreigner. Turnus was outraged and led his people as well as several other Italian tribes against the Trojans in war. Virgil's text ends when Aeneas defeats Turnus in single combat and therefore confirms his right to marry Lavinia. In some other accounts of the story of Aeneas, Latinus is later killed in a subsequent battle with the Rutuli.

War with Rome under Tarquinius Superbus
During the 6th century BC, in Rome's early semi-legendary history, Rome's seventh and final king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus went to war with the Rutuli. According to Livy, the Rutuli were, at that time, a very wealthy and powerful people. Tarquinius was desirous of obtaining the booty that would come with victory over the Rutuli.

Tarquin unsuccessfully sought to take Ardea by storm, and subsequently began an extensive siege of the city. The war was interrupted by the revolution that overthrew the Roman monarchy. The Roman army, camped outside Ardea, welcomed Lucius Junius Brutus as their new leader, and expelled the king's sons. It is unclear as to the eventual outcomes of the siege and the war.

title: Rutuli


text: Talk:John S. Battle

title: Talk:John S. Battle