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You're Beautiful

"You're Beautiful" is a song by English singer-songwriter James Blunt. It was written by Blunt, Sacha Skarbek and Amanda Ghost for Blunt's debut album, Back to Bedlam (2004). It was released as the third single of the album in 2005.

In the United Kingdom and Australia, the song reached number one and number two respectively. When released as the debut single from Back to Bedlam in Canada and the United States, it reached number one on both charts and received widespread airplay. In 2006, the song won an Ivor Novello Award for airplay. The song has sold 625,000 copies in the United Kingdom as stated by the Official Charts Company, and by October 2012 over three million in the United States. It remains Blunt's biggest hit single in the United States to date, and his only one to reach the top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100. In 2012, a new version of the single was issued in Japan. The Q;indivi+ Remix, featuring Japanese performer Keri, was issued on 28 March 2012.

The song is performed in the key of E♭ major.

Writing and inspiration
Newspapers have claimed that "You're Beautiful" is about a former girlfriend of Blunt, Dixie Chassay, casting assistant for the Harry Potter films, although Blunt refuses to confirm or deny this. On 8 March 2006 on The Oprah Winfrey Show, Blunt said of the song, "It's kind of miserable. It was about seeing my ex-girlfriend on the Underground in London with her new man, who I didn't know existed. She and I caught eyes and lived a lifetime in that moment, but didn't do anything about it and haven't seen each other since." According to Blunt, he wrote the lyrics of the song at home in two minutes after meeting her, and then finished the song with Sacha Skarbek in Los Angeles, and with Amanda Ghost also credited as a co-writer. Blunt said of the song: "It's always been portrayed as romantic, but it’s actually a bit creepy. It’s about a guy (me) who’s high and stalking someone else’s girlfriend on the subway. And then the stalker kills himself." In an interview with HitQuarters, co-writer Sacha Skarbek said that Blunt brought the title, verses, and the approach of the chorus to a songwriting session. Skarbek's contribution largely focused on the music aspect to the track, contributing chord ideas for the verses, honing the melodies, and making sure the song stuck to, "a couple of key hooks rather than making it too complicated".

Several versions of the song exist. One lyrical version has an explicit word in it ("She could see from my face that I was fucking high") which was released on Back to Bedlam and most of the "You're Beautiful" singles. The radio edit of the song replaces the explicit lyric, changing it to "She could see from my face that I was flying high". Acoustic, live, and DVD versions have also been released. However, because of the word in question, the album was given a Parental Advisory sticker. When asked about the song, Blunt responded, "It's probably one of the least meaningful songs on the album and by no means people's favourite. The album is like a book covering various aspects of life in a specific order."

At the beginning of the song, Blunt sings the first line twice ("My life is brilliant"). The mistimed delivery was left in the final recording but omitted in most radio versions. This is parodied in "Weird Al" Yankovic's song "You're Pitiful": After the initial start, he says "What, was I too early? Oh, sorry. Should I...Do you wanna start over? Or, keep going? Okay. Now? Now?" and then begins the song again.

Music video
The music video for "You're Beautiful" was directed by Sam Brown. At least one writer's interpretation is that it shows Blunt taking his own life, perhaps following a Japanese tradition of removing one's shoes and contents of clothing prior to jumping from a great height. However, the director of the video states in a "making-of" piece of footage that "the idea [of the video] is built around the last line, where he says, 'I'll never be with you', and that idea of completely forgetting about something, of getting rid of that emotion, and moving on, and I think that the video is a sort of visual manifestation of that emotion."

Blunt removes the upper portion of his clothing in a cold, bare, snowy setting and places all of his personal belongings on the ground. While doing this, seagulls circle overhead like buzzards. At the end of the video, he jumps off a cliff and falls into the water while he sings the lyrics: "But it's time to face the truth, I will never be with you". According to Blunt, he had to jump twice and suffered a split lip in the jumps. The video was filmed in Mallorca, Spain on 23 March 2005.

On 9 November 2021, Blunt announced a 4K remaster of the video on his Instagram. $undefined$

The video has been parodied in a Dead Ringers spoof, with Jon Culshaw impersonating Blunt, singing the song with different lyrics where he explains how he can be cool.

Critical reception and ubiquity
About.com gave the song four and a half stars out of five, saying "The simple power of Blunt's songwriting is effective at conveying the pain of realizing he will never be with the object of his affections."

"You're Beautiful" was ranked number seven in a poll conducted by Rolling Stone magazine to identify the 10 most annoying songs. VH1 ranked it number 95 on its list of the 100 Greatest Songs of the '00s. In October 2014, Blunt stated it had become so ubiquitous that it was "force-fed down people's throats". It has been named as one of the worst songs ever recorded, despite its positive critical reviews.

Chart performance
"You're Beautiful" is Blunt's most successful single release to date. It was also his first successful single and reached number one in ten countries across the world, including the United Kingdom, the United States, Spain, Mexico, Canada, and the Netherlands. The song peaked within the top five in New Zealand, number four, Australia, number two, France, and Germany. Released on 18 May 2005, it entered at number twelve on 5 June and reached number one six weeks later where it remained for five consecutive weeks. The highest position "You're Beautiful" reached in Australia was number two, where it stayed for two consecutive weeks.

In November 2005, "You're Beautiful" was released in North America where it achieved widespread success. In Canada, it ascended to number one (where it remained for four consecutive weeks) 22 weeks following its debut on the BDS Airplay chart. In the United States, it debuted at number 88 before reaching number one 17 weeks later. It replaced Beyoncé's "Check on It" and itself was replaced by Ne-Yo's "So Sick".

The song became the first non-urban or American Idol song to reach the top of the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 since Nickelback's "How You Remind Me" in 2001. While "Hollaback Girl" by Gwen Stefani achieved the same accolade, it has been disputed due to the song's hip-hop-based influences. This also became the first single by a British artist to reach number one since Elton John's "Candle in the Wind 1997" (1997). It achieved success on the Billboard Pop 100, Hot Digital Songs, Adult Contemporary, and Adult Top 40 formats. It has been certified double platinum by the RIAA for digital and platinum for mastertone. It has sold over three million in the United States.

Awards
The song received three nominations at the 2007 Grammy Awards: Record of the Year, Song of the Year and Best Male Pop Vocal Performance.

The song won the BMI Internet Award for most plays on BMI-licensed websites in 2007 and was the first song to receive this honor at BMI's London Awards.

Release
The single was released in four official physical formats. CD1 includes an exclusive acoustic recording of "Fall at Your Feet", a cover taken from the BBC Radio 1 live lounge sessions. CD2 includes an exclusive acoustic version of "High", plus the video for "You're Beautiful" and "Making-Of" footage. The 7" vinyl includes an exclusive acoustic version of "So Long, Jimmy". The fourth physical format was an exclusive version of CD1, only available at HMV, which includes an additional third track, in the form of an acoustic version of "You're Beautiful". This version was also sold in Australia.

Track listing

 * UK CD single number one
 * 1) "You're Beautiful" (Edit) – 3:22
 * 2) "Fall at Your Feet" (Acoustic) – 2:25

 * UK CD single number two
 * 1) "You're Beautiful" (Edit) – 3:22
 * 2) "High" (Acoustic) – 4:03
 * 3) "You're Beautiful" (The Making of the Video) – 3:00
 * 4) "You're Beautiful" (Video) – 3:23

 * UK 7" single
 * 1) "You're Beautiful" (Edit) – 3:22
 * 2) "So Long, Jimmy" (Acoustic) – 4:14

 * Australian CD single
 * 1) "You're Beautiful" (Edit) – 3:22
 * 2) "Fall at Your Feet" (Acoustic) – 2:25
 * 3) "You're Beautiful" (Acoustic) – 3:35

 * Japanese CD single
 * 1) "You're Beautiful" (The Q;indivi+ Remix) (featuring Keri) – 3:28

title: You're Beautiful


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HNoMS Uredd (P41)

HMS P41 was a Royal Navy U-class submarine built by Vickers-Armstrong. She was transferred to the exiled Royal Norwegian Navy before completion and renamed HNoMS Uredd. She and one of the B-class in 1940 have so far been the only Norwegian submarines to have been sunk.

Service history
Ordered on 11 March 1940, the submarine was laid down at the Vickers-Armstrongs shipyard in Barrow-in-Furness on 15 October 1940, and launched on 24 August 1941.

She was transferred to Norwegian command on 7 December 1941. She served mostly as a patrol craft off the coast of Nazi-occupied Norway, eventually completing a total of seven successful missions for the Royal Norwegian Navy, sinking several German ships.

In February 1943 she was assigned, under the command of Rolf Q. Røren, to drop off six Kompani Linge soldiers at Bodø as part of Operation Seagull - and then proceed to the island of Senja to pick up two French submariners who had been left behind by the FRENCH SUBMARINE Junon.

Contact with Uredd was lost and she was believed to have been sunk in a German minefield on 10 February. The Royal Norwegian Navy officially declared her lost on 20 February 1943, the Royal Navy on 28 February.

In 1985, HNOMS Tana discovered the wreckage of the Uredd southwest of Fugløyvær and confirmed that she had hit a German minefield laid by the German minelayer SS Cobra (1926) - killing the crew of 34 and six soldiers. The following year, King Olav V unveiled a memorial to those lost aboard the Uredd, located in Grensen. The wreck is officially a war grave.

As HNoMS Uredd was operating with the Royal Navy's 9th Submarine Flotilla based at Dundee in Scotland, her crew are all commemorated on Dundee International Submarine Memorial.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: HNoMS Uredd (P41)


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Inés Gaviria

Inés Elvira Gaviria Escobar (born July 12, 1979) is a Colombian singer-songwriter based in Miami, Florida. Her first album with the Respek Label, and distributed by Universal Records, was released in June 2005. She was nominated for the 2006 Latin Grammy Awards. She is the sister of the colombian producer and composer José Gaviria. Actually is married with the political scientist Alba Lucía Pava with whom she had a daughter called Salomé.

Latin Grammy Awards
A Latin Grammy Award is an accolade by the Latin Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences to recognize outstanding achievement in the music industry.

 * rowspan="2" |2006 || Inés Gaviria || Best New Artist || Nominated
 * A Mi Manera || Best Female Pop Vocal Album || Nominated
 * A Mi Manera || Best Female Pop Vocal Album || Nominated
 * A Mi Manera || Best Female Pop Vocal Album || Nominated

title: Inés Gaviria


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User talk:MJCLKA

Thanks for experimenting with Wikipedia. Your test worked, and has been reverted or removed. Please use the sandbox for any other tests you want to do. Take a look at the welcome page if you would like to learn more about contributing to our encyclopedia. Thanks.

title: User talk:MJCLKA


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Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Atri Rohan Banerjee

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Trilobite (Talk) 15:28, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Atri Rohan Banerjee
Non-notable person. If anything should be a user page, not an article MarkS 19:33, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Userfy and delete - looks like a newby. - DS1953 20:37, 5 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, if he wasn't an anon, it would be user page material. --Etacar11 01:32, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


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Horace Archambeault

Sir Horace Archambeault (March 6, 1857 – August 25, 1918) was a Canadian politician, judge, and a faculty member in Quebec.

He was born in L'Assomption, Canada East, and studied classics and law. He moved to Montreal and created a law firm with partners. In 1881 he became a professor at Université Laval, eventually becoming the dean of the university's law school. In 1888, Archambeault replaced his father as representative for the division of Repentigny in the Legislative Council of Quebec, becoming its speaker and the attorney general of Quebec in 1897. He was appointed a judge for the Quebec Court of King's Bench in 1908 and became its chief justice in 1911. He was knighted in 1915 and died in Trois-Pistoles in 1918.

Early life, family, and education
Archambeault was born on March 6, 1857, in L'Assomption, Lower Canada. His father was Louis Archambeault and his mother was Marguerite-Élisabeth Dugal.

Archambeault was a student of classical studies at Collège de L'Assomption and Petit Séminaire de Québec. In 1878 he received a degree in law from Université Laval and was called to the bar. He moved to Montreal to begin a career as a lawyer.

Early career
Archambeault joined in a professional partnership with his brother Louis-Henri Archambeault, then formed a firm with Henri-Benjamin Rainville, Honoré Gervais and J.-A Bonnin. In 1881 he became a professor of commercial law and maritime law at the Université Laval's Montreal campus. In 1886 he was given a Doctor of Law because of his professorship at the university, and that year became the faculty's secretary. He was a member of the council of the Montreal bar from 1890 to 1898, and became its vice-president. From 1900 to 1901 he was the bâtonnier of the Montreal bar and the Quebec provincial bar. In 1915 he became the dean of Université Laval's law school.

Political career
Louis Archambeault retired from the Legislative Council of Quebec as representative of Repentigny in 1888 and Horace was invited to replace him. He was originally considered a National Conservative but switched his political allegiance to become a Liberal. In 1897 he was appointed as speaker of the council and Quebec's attorney general. In 1904, he introduced a bill that assigned specific statutes to industrial accidents whereby the employer would be responsible for any worker accidents even if they were not negligent. This bill would become law in 1909.

In 1906, Archambeault declined an appointment to the Supreme Court of Canada but in 1908 he accepted an appointment to the Quebec Court of King's Bench and became its chief justice in 1911. His rulings favoured a strict reading of the text of the law. He maintained a separation of the legislative and judicial branches and thought that they should not interfere with each other, and prevented the use of common law over civil law.

Archambeault was the administrator of the province twice, in order to act for the lieutenant governor: December 1914 – February 1915, and February 1918 – April 1918.

Honours
The governor-general appointed Archambeault as a member of the Queen's Counsel in 1889. He was knighted in 1915.

Personal life and death
Archambeault married Élizabeth Lelièvre in Quebec City at Cathedral-Basilica of Notre-Dame de Québec in 1882. They had no children. Archambeault was Roman Catholic. He died on August 25, 1918, in Trois-Pistoles, Quebec. He was buried in the Notre Dame des Neiges Cemetery.

title: Horace Archambeault


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Please Please Me (song)

"Please Please Me" is a song released by the English rock band the Beatles. It was their second single in the United Kingdom, and their first in the United States. It is also the title track of their first LP, which was recorded to capitalise on the success of the single. It is a John Lennon composition (credited to McCartney–Lennon), although its ultimate form was significantly influenced by producer George Martin.

The single was released in the UK on 11 January 1963 and reached No. 1 on the New Musical Express and Melody Maker charts. However, it only reached No. 2 on the Record Retailer chart, which subsequently evolved into the UK Singles Chart. Because of this, it was not included on the Beatles' number ones compilation, 1.

The single, as initially released with "Ask Me Why" on the B-side, failed to make much impact in the US in February 1963, but when re-released there on 3 January 1964 (this time with "From Me to You" on the B-side), it reached No. 3 on the Billboard Hot 100. The song was also re-released on 6 December 1982 by Parlophone in the UK.

Composition
The Beatles had accomplished a modest debut success with "Love Me Do", but outside of Liverpool and Hamburg they were still practically unknown. Part of the problem was that the group were committed to begin what was to be their final Hamburg season just as "Love Me Do" entered the British charts and so were unable to actively promote it on their home soil. Nonetheless, their producer, George Martin, felt it was a promising start and decided to go ahead with a second single.

"Please Please Me" has a diverse history. George Martin has stated that the original version of this song was "rather dreary", was too slow and consequently had little prospect of being the big hit the band were looking for. Martin said, "I was still thinking that we should release their [earlier] recording of 'How Do You Do It?'", a previously taped Mitch Murray composition that Martin insisted the Beatles record which he had seriously considered as an alternative debut single instead of "Love Me Do". The group replied that they were only interested in recording their own material. McCartney said: "It was symptomatic of our group that we turned down 'How Do You Do It?'." Ringo Starr commented: "I remember us all being ready to stand up for the principle of, 'We have written these songs and we want to do them'". George Martin was ultimately sympathetic to their appeals, but said later: "[I] would still have issued "How Do You Do It?" had they not persuaded me to listen to another version of "Please Please Me". "How Do You Do It?" was later a hit for Gerry & the Pacemakers.

Lennon first conceived "Please Please Me" as a bluesy, slow tempo song. Lennon recalled: "I remember the day I wrote it, I heard Roy Orbison doing 'Only the Lonely', or something. And I was also always intrigued by the words to a Bing Crosby song that went, 'Please lend a little ear to my pleas'. The double use of the word 'please'. So it was a combination of Roy Orbison and Bing Crosby". Originally it was vocally sparse, did not contain any harmonies or responses, nor did it have the scaled harmonica intro. Lennon later stated: "Please Please Me is my song completely. It was my attempt at writing a Roy Orbison song, would you believe it? I wrote it in the bedroom in my house at Menlove Avenue, which was my auntie's place".

Recording
The Beatles first presented "Please Please Me" to George Martin at their 4 September 1962 session. Ringo Starr in Anthology stated: "On my first visit in September we just ran through some tracks for George Martin. We even did 'Please Please Me'. I remember that, because while we were recording it I was playing the bass drum with a maraca in one hand and a tambourine in the other." John Lennon in Anthology stated: "We'd had a top 30 entry with 'Love Me Do' and we really thought we were on top of the world. Then came 'Please Please Me'—and wham! We tried to make it as simple as possible. Some of the stuff we've written in the past has been a bit way-out, but we aimed this one straight at the hit parade... We almost abandoned it as the B-side of 'Love Me Do'. We changed our minds only because we were so tired the night we did 'Love Me Do'. We'd been going over it a few times and when we came to the question of the flipside, we intended using 'Please Please Me'. Our recording manager, George Martin, thought our arrangement was fussy, so we tried to make it simpler. We were getting very tired, though, and we just couldn't seem to get it right. We are conscientious about our work and we don't like to rush things."

In the opinion of George Martin, "At that stage 'Please Please Me' was a very dreary song. It was like a Roy Orbison number, very slow, bluesy vocals. It was obvious to me that it badly needed pepping up. I told them to bring it in next time and we'd have another go at it." He asked the Beatles to consider making major changes to it, including increasing its tempo. Paul McCartney in Anthology stated: "We sang it and George Martin said, 'Can we change the tempo?' We said, 'What's that?' He said, 'Make it a bit faster. Let me try it.' And he did. We thought, 'Oh, that's all right, yes.' Actually, we were a bit embarrassed that he had found a better tempo than we had."

A faster-tempo version without harmonica was recorded at Abbey Road on 11 September, the only session in which session drummer Andy White was present. The up-tempo track, No. 24 on Anthology 1, was believed to have been wiped until its rediscovery in 1994 during the Anthology production, with Anthology notes seeming to indicate that it features drummer Andy White rather than Ringo Starr. The point is not addressed in the Mark Lewisohn-researched Anthology notes, although author Lewisohn's 1988 The Beatles Recording Sessions quotes session engineer Ron Richards as saying, "Ringo didn't play drums at all that evening." However, recording technician Geoff Emerick later wrote that, following White's departure, he witnessed Beatles roadie Mal Evans set up Starr's kit and the group record "Please Please Me" with Starr on drums. In a 2012 BBC interview, Andy White claimed that the drumming on the hit single was his: "From the drum sound I can tell that I was on it, because it was a vastly different sound to Ringo's drumset at that time. This was before he got the Ludwig kit. Each drummer gets an individual sound, first of all by the way they tune the drums and then by the way they play the drums."

White, however, was not at the studio for the final recording on 26 November and was only hired for the 11 September session. As recorded on 26 November, Lennon's harmonica playing features prominently and, similar to other early Beatles' compositions such as "Love Me Do" and "From Me to You", opens the song. McCartney and Lennon initially share the vocals with McCartney holding a high note while Lennon drops down through the scale, a ploy they learned from the Everly Brothers UK hit song "Cathy's Clown" (April 1960). McCartney said: "I did the trick of remaining on the high note while the melody cascaded down from it". Ringo Starr asserts himself, exorcising any lingering doubts from the "Love Me Do" sessions regarding his ability. Where "Love Me Do" had been arguably parochial, relying to a large extent on their existing home fans for support. "Please Please Me" would be groundbreaking, especially as the Beatles were now back in the UK and able to appear on influential national television shows such as Thank Your Lucky Stars.

By the time it was brought back into the studio on 26 November 1962, its arrangement had been radically altered, and it took 18 takes to record what George Martin immediately predicted would be their first major hit.

A new mix was created for the stereo version of the album, and on 25 February 1963, Martin made one created from original takes 16, 17 and 18. This stereo version has Lennon fluffing the final verse, causing him to sing 'come on' with a slight chuckle in his voice. Also different in the stereo mix is Harrison's lead guitar line before the final verse; rather than duplicating the overdubbed harmonica exactly as he had earlier in the song, Harrison drops down a fourth for the third note, rather than continuing down by stepwise motion.

The song was credited to "McCartney–Lennon", as were all other Lennon–McCartney originals on the Please Please Me album. The songwriting credit was changed to the more familiar "Lennon–McCartney" sequence for their second album, With the Beatles.

Publishing
According to Ray Coleman's biography, Brian Epstein: The Man Who Made the Beatles, Epstein had been dissatisfied with EMI's promotional efforts for "Love Me Do" (published by EMI's subsidiary Ardmore & Beechwood) and asked George Martin if he could suggest a publisher who would push the single more effectively. Martin suggested three candidates, one of whom was Dick James. Epstein made an appointment to meet with him for 11 a.m. the following day, as well as an appointment with another EMI subsidiary at 10 a.m. Arriving on time for the first meeting, Epstein was informed that the executive he was due to meet had not arrived yet. Still waiting at 10:25, he decided that he was not prepared to do business with an organisation that could not keep a scheduled appointment, and left.

Arriving at James' office 20 minutes early, he apologised to the receptionist and said he was happy to wait until the appointed time. The receptionist nevertheless phoned James, who promptly came out of his office, welcomed Epstein and quickly got down to business. Epstein played the single and James remarked that it was a number one record. Epstein replied that if James could achieve that then he would be prepared to offer him a long-term publishing deal. James phoned Philip Jones, producer of ITV television show Thank Your Lucky Stars, played the song for him over the telephone, and gained the Beatles a slot on the next edition of the programme. The two then shook hands on a deal that would make them, and the Beatles, extremely wealthy.

UK release
The new single was released in the UK on 11 January 1963 during one of the worst winters in British history. On 19 January much of the population was snowed-in at home watching the Beatles perform the song on the Saturday night TV show, Thank Your Lucky Stars. The national exposure of the song, as well as the band's unusual appearance and hair style, generated a lot of attention, and they were booked by promoter Arthur Howes for a series of national tours. The first tour was as a support band for Helen Shapiro in February, for Tommy Roe and Chris Montez in March, and for Roy Orbison in May. During breaks in the touring schedule, the Beatles performed the song on a number of BBC national radio programmes. The touring and TV appearances, along with extensive press coverage, propelled the single to the top of most of the British charts and the Beatles, much to their embarrassment, were moved to the top of the bill on the Tommy Roe and Roy Orbison tours.

Original US release
Capitol Records, EMI's United States label, was offered the right to release "Please Please Me" in the US, but turned it down. Instead, it was placed with Transglobal, an EMI affiliate that worked to place foreign masters with US record labels. It was told to find an American outlet for the record as quickly as possible, in order to appease Martin and Beatles manager Brian Epstein. "Please Please Me" was then offered to Atlantic, which also rejected it. Finally, Vee-Jay, which had released the top-five hit "I Remember You" by Frank Ifield in 1962 (another record that Capitol had turned down), was offered the right to issue "Please Please Me" in the States, and chose to do so. The exact date of the US issue was lost for decades, but research published in 2004 showed that the single, "Please Please Me"/"Ask Me Why", was released by Vee-Jay on 7 February 1963.

Dick Biondi, a disc jockey on WLS in Chicago and a friend of Vee-Jay executive Ewart Abner, played the song on the radio from February 1963, perhaps as early as 8 February 1963, thus becoming the first DJ to play a Beatles record in the US. Art Roberts, a legendary DJ and music director at the time, tells how the record came to be played first at the station: "Let me tell you the story of 'Please Please Me'. The record was released on the Vee-Jay label. It was a local Chicago recording company. The owner, Ewart Abner, brought a copy of the record to WLS. I was the music director at the time and listened to his story about a group, and looked at pictures in teen magazines he brought back from England. I figured, what if this group would get as popular in the United States as they were in England and Europe. So I added the record to the list."

On WLS, "Please Please Me" peaked at No. 35 on 15 March on the second of its two weeks on the "Silver Dollar Survey", in addition to its two airplay weeks. However, the song did not chart on any other major national American survey until 1964.

The first pressings of the Vee-Jay single, which was assigned the catalog number 498, featured a typographical error: the band's name was spelled "The Beattles" with two "t"s. WLS used this spelling on its Silver Dollar Surveys in 1963. Later copies of the single corrected this misspelling. However, the same spelling was also on the Silver Dollar Surveys for the first two weeks of "I Want to Hold Your Hand" in 1964. Also, the composers on the Vee-Jay edition were credited on both sides as "J. Lennon-P. McCartney", unlike on the UK Parlophone edition (which listed the names in the reverse order). However, with the exception of Chicago, the record was a failure as it sold approximately 7,310 copies. Today, copies of Vee-Jay 498—whether with the incorrect or correct spelling of the Beatles on the label—are valuable collector's items.

Second US release
In the wake of the rush-release of "I Want to Hold Your Hand" in the United States, Vee-Jay reissued "Please Please Me" on or about 3 January 1964, the day that film footage of the Beatles appeared on a prime time episode of The Jack Paar Program on NBC Television. Playing it safe, the label chose to put "From Me to You" on the B-side, as Del Shannon's version had been a minor hit in 1963. The new single was issued with the catalog number 581.

This time, "Please Please Me" was a massive hit, eventually peaking at No. 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart for the week ending 14 March 1964, trailing only "I Want to Hold Your Hand" and "She Loves You". "Please Please Me" was at No. 5 on the Hot 100 on 4 April 1964, the date on which the Beatles held the top five spots.

Because Vee-Jay wanted to get as many copies of the record pressed as quickly as possible, it did not insist on uniformity from one pressing plant to another. As a result, a dizzying number of label variations exist. Some of these added a comma to the song title, rendering it as "Please, Please Me". Additionally, some copies of the record were issued with a picture sleeve. Early promotional copies had a special sleeve proclaiming "Please Please Me" as "The Record That Started Beatlemania". The text on the sleeve noted that the Beatles had just appeared on Paar's program and were scheduled to appear on The Ed Sullivan Show in February. This sleeve is considered to be extremely rare.

At least 1.1 million copies of the reissue were sold. If Vee-Jay had been a member of the RIAA, the single would have been certified gold.

Critical reception
Rolling Stone ranked the song at No. 184 on its list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time, placing it 15th among Beatles songs on that list.

"Please Please Me" was chosen for The Beatles' first national UK television appearance, on Thank Your Lucky Stars on 19 January 1963.

Covers

 * In 1983, Fausto Leali released an Italian version in his 1984 album Fausto Leali and his Novelty (Jolly Hi-Fi Records, LPJ 5038), with text by Danpa and using the same title Please please me (Jolly Hi-Fi Records, J 20209).

Personnel
Personnel per Ian MacDonald: Engineered by Norman Smith
 * John Lennon – lead vocals, rhythm guitar, harmonica
 * Paul McCartney – bass, harmony vocals
 * George Harrison – lead guitar, backing vocals
 * Andy White – drums

title: Please Please Me (song)


text:
Wikipedia:Featured picture candidates/Image:Aldrin Apollo 11.jpg

Image:Aldrin Apollo 11.jpg

A photo of Buzz Aldrin taken during the first moon landing surely deserves to be a featured photo, especially one of such high quality and resolution.
 * Nominate and support. - Anish7 01:04, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. High res, interesting subject, and no doubt useful in illustrating a number of articles. Mgm|(talk) 19:52, Jun 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support - I was thinking of nominating this picture, but it looks like you beat me to it. :-) Sango  123  19:58, Jun 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support - Great pic, an important historical event also. E l e c t r i c m o o s e - Electrifying  20:50, Jun 5, 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong support - like [s]he said, it deserves to be featured. --Oblivious 11:31, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Support -- Chris 73 Talk 11:55, Jun 6, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support - definitely deserves to be featured. Kaldari 16:20, 6 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Support, proves that the landings were faked! This link is Broken 21:51, 7 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * "Proves that the landings were faked"? How have you determined that? Sango  123  22:15, Jun 7, 2005 (UTC)
 * Read Apollo_moon_landing_hoax_accusations This link is Broken
 * I've read the arguments and counter-arguments with a neutral point of view, but I believe the landings were absolutely real and not hoaxes (see also this site). However, I respect your opinion, and the important thing is that this is an excellent picture, however we chose to interpret it. Sango  123  14:49, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The fact you seem to have missed is that....I was joking. This link is Broken 04:28, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Yep, I missed that... several times over; you seemed to be quite serious. :-) Sango  123  23:08, Jun 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. -- Silversmith Hewwo 09:07, 8 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. --YUL89YYZ 16:24, Jun 8, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support, nice picture. Phoenix2 23:26, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. Definitely worthy. Enochlau 08:44, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Support. Definitely worthy. Neutralitytalk 02:59, Jun 11, 2005 (UTC)
 * Is there an echo in the building? Support. --Spangineer (háblame)  18:02, Jun 13, 2005 (UTC)
 * [[Image:Symbol support vote.png|15px]] Support. ECHO echo echo echo :-) --Fir0002 04:58, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Support -- Longhair | Talk 02:16, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Support -- AllyUnion (talk) 15:34, 16 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Support --TomStar81 01:50, 18 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * I'd [[Image:Symbol support vote.png|15px]] Support if Aldrin wasn't such a coward, liar, and THIEF for faking the landings...... :) Bart (I got my ass beat by a 70 year old) Sibrel  ™  15:52, 20 Jun 2005 (UTC)


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Dianne Yerbury

Dianne Yerbury (born 25 March 1941) is an Australian university administrator and company director. She was the Vice-Chancellor of Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia from 1987 to 2005.

She was Australia's first female Vice-Chancellor, and was also the longest serving Vice-Chancellor of Macquarie University. In 1987 she was also made Professor Emerita at the University of New South Wales.

Yerbury was made a Member of the Order of Australia (AM) in 1984 and elevated to Officer (AO) in 2001 for "service to tertiary education, particularly in developing the broader cultural and international mission of Australian universities and leading Macquarie University into significant new fields of scientific and social research, to the arts and to the community".

She was named the 2002 Telstra New South Wales Business Woman of the Year. From 2003-04 she was vice-president, and from 2004-05 president, of the Australian Vice-Chancellors' Committee.

In 2006, it was announced that Yerbury would remain at Macquarie University in the role of Arts and Culture Ambassador and also as International Ambassador for the University. Following a long-running dispute with her successor Steven Schwartz over expenses, occupation of the vice-chancellorial residence and ownership of several million dollars' worth of art works, Yerbury left Macquarie University in February 2007.

Yerbury received an apology from the Fairfax Press:

APOLOGY TO DI YERBURY, AO

From February 8, 2007, the Herald published a number of articles in print and online, including a news blog, concerning Professor Di Yerbury who had served as Vice-Chancellor of Macquarie University for more than 19 years to February 2006. Professor Yerbury has alleged that the articles depicted her as dishonestly commingling her private art collection with the University's own art collection and failing honestly to account for her use of the University's credit card. The Herald at no time intended to convey any such allegations against Professor Yerbury. If readers understood the articles as in any way reflecting upon her honesty and probity, the Herald withdraws those allegations and apologises for the hurt to Professor Yerbury and any damage to her reputation.

title: Dianne Yerbury


text:
Talk:Drakkhen

Questionable NPOV
From the article:

''The small proportion of the gaming population who have played and enjoyed Drakkhen generally consider it a classic of the RPG genre, alongside the likes of Betrayal at Krondor, Final Fantasy IV, and Baldur's Gate -- although its replay value may be slightly lower than these due to its comparative lack of depth, detail, and storytelling. Regardless, the ambience in this game in unparalleled.''

There are several NPOV concerns here, including the three games chosen to represent the classics of the RPG genre (while all three games have recieved high critical acclaim, it's a rather eclectic, idiosyncratic ensemble), while the comments on depth, detail, storytelling and particular the ambience are all highly opinionated.211.27.72.91 15:52, 19 August 2006 (UTC)

Most every word written inside the above spoiler is incredibly biased and inaccurate for and against Drakkhen's reception. It would be more accurate to say the critical reception was warm, according to mobygames.com, and to this day, people are divided on whether the game has aged well (from what I've seen from modern reviews on YouTube and other websites; take that with a grain of salt). UnderCloud (talk) 04:21, 9 January 2018 (UTC)

Music
Can someone comment on the differences between the music for the Amiga/PC version and the SNES version? For the most part, the SNES version definitely isn't "orchestral" -- it's moody and synth-driven, bordering on ambient music at times. Goldenband 03:42, 15 April 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:Drakkhen


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User talk:Jsheehy

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk:PRISM_(surveillance_program)&oldid=559238329

Please stop copy editing articles as a computer can see fit. When you are online I'll buy you a pizza, if it is not delivered, you ARE ASLEEP AT THE KEYBOARD. rawr.Fatum81 (talk) 14:59, 10 June 2013 (UTC)

Fight moved to Fatum81 (talk) 16:22, 10 June 2013 (UTC)

Edit warring warning
Your recent edits seem to have the appearance of edit warring  after a review of the reverts you have made on PRISM (surveillance program). Users are expected to collaborate and discuss with others and avoid editing disruptively. Please be particularly aware, the three-revert rule states that: If you find yourself in an editing dispute, use the article's talk page to discuss the changes; work towards a version that represents consensus among editors. You can post a request for help at an appropriate noticeboard or seek dispute resolution. In some cases it may be appropriate to request temporary page protection. If you engage in an edit war, you may be blocked from editing without further notice. Somedifferentstuff (talk) 18:02, 11 June 2013 (UTC)
 * 1) Making more than three reversions on a single page within a 24-hour period is almost always grounds for an immediate block.
 * 2) Do not edit war even if you believe you are right.

 * I have submitted this for dispute resolution, since you are unwilling to participate in the talk page and keep reverting many different users' edits. Jsheehy (talk) 18:08, 11 June 2013 (UTC)

PRISM and terrorism plots
Hi! I added PRISM_(surveillance_program) info related to Najibullah Zazi, David Headley, the Tsarnaev brothers, and Faisal Shahzad in relation to PRISM and Boundless Informant WhisperToMe (talk) 05:06, 14 June 2013 (UTC)

ArbCom elections are now open!
MediaWiki message delivery (talk) 13:01, 23 November 2015 (UTC)

title: User talk:Jsheehy


text:
List of environmental dates

This is a list of environmental dates which are designated for creating awareness of environmental issues.

Species awareness days highlight biodiversity, with the aim of increasing understanding and appreciation of the subject. Some of these days have been shown to cause a rise in information-seeking behaviour, and may lead to an increase in conservation fundraising by charities and advocacy groups.

Hours

 * Earth Hour – 8:30 pm (local time), next one will take place on 22 March 2025.

title: List of environmental dates


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Talk:Street-Legal (album)

Misc comments
There should be an article on Desirée.

Your mom's Desiree.

Who is the McFree mentioned in paragraph 3 of the main section?99.9.126.131 (talk) 00:30, 23 September 2013 (UTC)

Billy Cross swedish??
Billy Cross was born in NYC and moved to Denmark sometime in the eighties. Swedish? I think not.

 * You are correct, except he moved to Denmark in the 70s. 650 Norton (1951) (talk) 17:27, 17 August 2008 (UTC)

Reggae?
Which track/tracks are reggae on Street Legal? Best, 650 Norton (1951) (talk) 17:27, 17 August 2008 (UTC)

an abidingly creative artist
The following is a quote from the second to last paragraph.

"Street-Legal would be the first in a long line of song collections whose failure to be realized in the studio would lay a 'dust of rumors' over Dylan as an abidingly creative artist that he has never been able to fully shake," writes Heylin.

Though attributed to "Heylin", of whom I have not read (unfortunately), it is unclear where this quotation starts. Only an ending quotation is present. Also, despite being a moderately well-educated native speaker of English, I fail to understand what "an abidingly creative artist:" means.

In each definition I've found for "abidingly" that I have come across the word is said to mean, "enduring". So the poor studio recordings leave a dust of rumours about Dylan's enduring creativity? The sentence makes this sound like a negative result.

Should the sentence be interpreted that critics question whether Dylan continues to be creative?

I realise it is supposedly a quotation from a critic, but perhaps it should be paraphrased for clarity.

Otherwise, very interesting article... Thank you for all of the hard work put into it so far. I plan to make a few minor edits in earlier parts of the article where I felt it necessary to re-read some sections several times for clarity.

Rockthing (talk) 11:05, 9 March 2009 (UTC)

 * It's not well written but it's quite clear for this moderately well-educated native speaker of English (although I stopped taking classes in reading after 3rd grade). It means some people thought the sound was crap and that led them to wonder if perhaps Dylan wasn't really as good as they thought.  —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.171.176.170 (talk) 14:18, 26 July 2010 (UTC)

Rundown Rehearsal Tapes
Several hours of the '78 tour rehearsals are now on YouTube. Should we link to those? I suppose not, given that they might be taken down, but perhaps mention that tapes of the rehearsals exist?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GdxTkt-QwpU — Preceding unsigned comment added by Drbeechwood (talk • contribs) 21:57, 22 February 2018 (UTC)

“Background” section seems too long
There’s a lot of useless information in the “background” section. Particularly all the stuff about his divorce seems unnecessary. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 24.228.147.116 (talk) 01:38, 14 May 2020 (UTC)

Link 5 is down
Often cited link #5 - http://warehouseeyes.netfirms.com/streetlegal.html no longer works Queensgardener (talk) 02:06, 2 May 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Street-Legal (album)


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Category talk:Mayors of Denver

Untitled
When I added Fredrico Pena to this list it automatically added the P bullet point, but did not do the same for Benjamin F. Stapleton. Why is this?

title: Category talk:Mayors of Denver


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John Wilkinson (poet)

John Lawton Wilkinson (born 1953) is a contemporary English poet.

From 1972 to 1975, he studied English at Jesus College, Cambridge, United Kingdom, where he founded, with Charlie Bulbeck and Charles Lambert, the Blue Room, a society devoted to the propagation of poetry and the other fine arts.

His first publication, Of Western Limit (a collaboration with Charles Lambert), appeared in 1974, the year in which Wilkinson won the Chancellor's Medal for Poetry. He has published seven major collections of verse as well as critical articles on British and American poetry, some of which were collected in The Lyric Touch (2007).

His most recent collections are Reckitt's Blue (2013), Down to Earth (2008), Lake Shore Drive (2006), Contrivances (2003) and Effigies against the Light (2001); a chapbook titled Iphigenia appeared in 2004, and his 1986 collection, Proud Flesh, was re-issued in 2005 with an introduction by Drew Milne. In 1992, his work "Hid Lip" appeared alongside works by Stephen Rodefer and Rod Mengham in a volume called Writing Out of Character, published by Street Editions. Schedule of Unrest: Selected Poems appeared in 2014.

John Wilkinson has held a Frank Knox Fellowship at Harvard University, and was a Fulbright Distinguished Scholar in 2003/04 at the Nathan S. Kline Institute. From 2007/08 he was Carl H. Pforzheimer Fellow at the National Humanities Center in North Carolina. From 2005 to 2010 he was Writer in Residence and thereafter Research Professor in the Department of English at the University of Notre Dame. In 2010 he moved to the University of Chicago as Professor of Practice of the Arts. He is married to the literary critic Maud Ellmann.

title: John Wilkinson (poet)


text: User talk:63.197.80.39

title: User talk:63.197.80.39


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Into the West (miniseries)

Into the West is a 2005 miniseries produced by Steven Spielberg and DreamWorks, with six two-hour episodes (including commercials). The series was first broadcast in the U.S. on Turner Network Television (TNT) on six Fridays starting on June 10, 2005. It was also shown in the UK on BBC2 and BBC HD from November 4, 2006, and in Canada on CBC Television. The series also aired in the U.S. on AMC during the summer (June/July) and fall (autumn, September/October) of 2012.

The miniseries begins in the 1820s and is told mainly through the third person narration of Jacob Wheeler (Matthew Settle) and Loved By the Buffalo (Joseph M. Marshall III), although episodes outside the direct observation of both protagonists are also shown. The plot follows the story of two families, one white American and one Native American, as their lives become mingled through the momentous events of American expansion. The story intertwines real and fictional characters and events spanning the period of expansion of the United States in the American frontier from 1825 to 1890.

The show has a large cast, with about 250 speaking parts. The series features well-known performers including Josh Brolin, Gary Busey, Michael Spears, Tonantzin Carmelo, Skeet Ulrich, Garrett Wang, Steve Reevis, Rachael Leigh Cook, Wes Studi, Irene Bedard, Alan Tudyk, Christian Kane, Russell Means, Jay Tavare, Keri Russell, Graham Greene, Sean Astin, Beau Bridges, Judge Reinhold, Zahn McClarnon, Tom Berenger, Gil Birmingham, David Paymer, Raoul Trujillo, Eric Schweig, Lance Henriksen, Simon R. Baker, Tyler Christopher, Tatanka Means, Gordon Tootoosis, Sheila Tousey, Annabella Piugattuk, and Will Patton.

It was filmed in Drumheller, Alberta and Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Episode 1: "Wheel to the Stars"
Growling Bear (Gordon Tootoosis), an elderly Lakota medicine man, has an apocalyptic vision that the buffalo his people rely upon will soon vanish from the prairie and the Lakota will live in square houses. His vision is controversial and his apprentice, Soaring Eagle (Gerald Auger), convinces most of the people to disregard Growling Bear's dark vision. A young boy named White Feather (Chevez Ezaneh) overhears and seeks out the now discredited Growling Bear to learn more about his vision. Before he dies, Growling Bear gives White Feather a necklace symbolizing the Lakota medicine wheel. This necklace is passed on to various characters through the miniseries.

Later, during a buffalo jump hunt led by White Feather's older brothers Running Fox (Matthew Strongeagle) and Dog Star (Pony Boy Osuniga), many people from the village are killed during the stampede, but White Feather is miraculously spared when the spirit of deceased Growling Bear appears to protect him. The tribe renames him Loved by the Buffalo and begin to regard him as a holy man healing people by taking their pain upon himself. This causes Soaring Eagle to become jealous and he tries to undermine Loved by the Buffalo (Simon Baker) by blaming him for an outbreak of pox and then leaving him for dead. Growling Bear appears to Loved by the Buffalo again, teaching him a song to cure the outbreak.

Loved by the Buffalo's sister, Thunder Heart Woman (Sarah Weston), is married off to a white trapper, Thomas Lebeck (Scott Heindl). Loved by the Buffalo gives Thunder Heart Woman the wooden medicine wheel necklace as a parting gift. Dog Star (Michael Spears) and Running Fox (Zahn McClarnon) marry two sisters and begin families, but Loved by the Buffalo realizes that his destiny lies on a different path.

At about the same time, a young wheelwright named Jacob Wheeler (Matthew Settle) is growing discontented with his settled life in the fictional Wheelerton, Virginia, where he and his brothers work as wheelwrights for his grandfather Abraham (Ken Pogue), a veteran of the Battle of Yorktown. When a mountain man named James Fletcher (Will Patton) passes through, he tells Jacob of the wonders of the western frontier and that he will be joining an expedition to the Pacific Ocean led by the famous Jedediah Smith (Josh Brolin) leaving from St. Louis, Jacob decides to leave his family and head west. He convinces his brother Nathan (Alan Tudyk), to come west with him, but another brother, Jethro (Skeet Ulrich), cannot bring himself to leave his home and stays behind.

Once the brothers reach St. Louis, Missouri, they find Fletcher, who rebuffs them. Dejected, Nathan goes into a saloon to drink and gamble, winning a deed to a land claim in the Mexican province of Tejas. Nathan tries to convince Jacob to come with him to Tejas, but Jacob has become determined to become a mountain man and travel to the West with Jedediah Smith. The brothers part company and Jacob heads toward the Rocky Mountains.

Jacob catches up with Fletcher and trapping party captain Jedediah Smith who once again rebuffs him, but he convinces them to take him in. Jacob stitches Smith's scalp after a bear attack and prefers Smith's company rather than fraternizing with a Mojave tribe they trade with for horses in the Sierra Nevada. Eventually he becomes a trusted member of the party. Jacob accompanies Smith's party to California, where they are arrested by the Mexican Capitan de Salamanca (Francesco Quinn) for trespassing and held at the San Gabriel Mission. The party is charged with stealing the horses they bought from the Mojave (a brand is shown). The Mexicans fear that if they are freed, the party will show other Americans how to go to California. Smith negotiates their expulsion, promising they would never return to California under pain of death. On the way back, they return to the Mohave camp and are attacked; many are killed including Fletcher, who guards Smith and Jacob's narrow escape through a cave. Loved by the Buffalo undergoes a Sun Dance.

Thunder Heart Woman's (Tonantzin Carmelo) trapper husband Lebeck is killed in an attack by the Crow, her infant daughter is captured, and she is sold into slavery. Later, Jacob sees her being auctioned off at a trapper rendezvous and attempts to buy her in order to return Thunder Heart Woman to her people. Trapper Johnny Fox (Gary Busey) rifle duels Jacob for the right to purchase her. Jacob is victorious, shooting then stabbing Fox one-handed after being shot in his left forearm. Thunder Heart Woman gives Jacob the wooden medicine wheel necklace as a token of her gratitude. When they return to the tribe, Jacob marries Thunder Heart Woman and begins to live with her family as part of the Lakota tribe.

Running Fox trades for a horsecart, much to the dismay of his brothers, who see white goods as a corruption of Lakota culture. When Loved by the Buffalo sees Jacob repairing the wheel, he is reminded of a vision he had during his Sun Dance in which a wooden wheel smashes a stone wheel. Loved by the Buffalo realizes that the wooden wheel symbolizes the wagon wheels of the whites and that the stone wheel is the medicine wheel of the Lakota culture. Loved by the Buffalo takes Jacob and Thunder Heart Woman to a sacred hilltop where a stone medicine wheel has been erected and tells him about the four great powers that it symbolizes. Loved by the Buffalo leaves the tribe to try to prevent the vision of Growling Bear from coming to pass.

Episode 2: "Manifest Destiny"
After living among the Lakota people, Jacob decides to take his wife and daughter Margaret Light Shines east to Wheelerton, Virginia. Jacob's family gives Thunder Heart Woman a much colder reception than her family gave him. After living in Wheelerton for a time, Jacob decides to take his family, now including a young son Abraham High Wolf, back west.

This time, Jacob's brother Jethro (Skeet Ulrich) decides to come along. They are also accompanied by Jacob's three young female cousins; Leah Wheeler (Emily Holmes), Rachel Wheeler (Jessica Capshaw), and Naomi Wheeler (Keri Russell). The three girls have been unlucky in love and are lured by the tales of excitement out west.

Meanwhile, Thunder Heart Woman's two oldest brothers, Dog Star and Running Fox argue over whether or not to adopt white technology. The disagreement comes to a boil and the two agree to part ways, splitting the tribe.

After working their way west for several years, the Wheeler clan arrives at Independence, Missouri. Jacob, now with a second son Jacob Junior High Cloud, wants to go west to California or the Oregon country, but Thunder Heart Woman and some of the others wish to remain in Missouri. Jacob eventually convinces the others to go to California and they join a wagon train led by Stephen Hoxie (Beau Bridges) who is a better salesman than a leader. Among the other settlers is a German immigrant preacher named Hobbes (Derek de Lint), a free black family fleeing racial prejudice, and several former mountain men.

The wagon train passage is filled with dangers: Leah Wheeler is thrown from the wagon during the crossing of a river and drowns, and the young son of the black pioneers is killed by stampeding cattle during a thunder storm. But life also continues: Rachel and Naomi take husbands from among the wagon trail guides. Later, while traversing a pass, a wagon breaks free, knocks Rachel down and runs over her leg, causing a severe compound fracture. The leg eventually becomes infected and must be amputated. Preacher Hobbes is the closest thing to a doctor available, but he botches the operation and Rachel dies.

Cholera breaks out, killing the wife of the black pioneer. Those exposed, including Jacob, Thunder Heart Woman, the children, and Jethro must stay behind under quarantine while the main body of the wagon train carries on. Naomi and her husband, who have not been exposed, go on with the others. Jethro is afflicted with symptoms of cholera but recovers, and no new outbreaks occur after Jacob orders that all drinking water be boiled. They rush to catch up with the main body, but find it was attacked by Cheyenne warriors, and all except Naomi were killed.

Naomi, taken into captivity, is sold to Cheyenne chief Prairie Fire (Jay Tavare), who takes her as his wife. The thought of a forced marriage to an Indian is repulsive to Naomi, who has always considered them as barely human savages. She chants nursery rhymes, which put off his amorous advances. In time, she begins to see Prairie Fire in a different light and she grows to become happy in her new life. She eventually gives birth to a son, whom he names One Horn Bull.

Jacob returns to the rest of the wagons, and they are soon attacked. The Indians are fought off, but an arrow is shot through Jacob's upper chest, and he begs to be left behind to recover on his own terms as the trail would kill him faster. After the party leaves, Jacob is rescued by a party led by Running Fox, that stumble across him half-dead. After recovering his strength, Jacob spends several months in the mountains. Haunted by the faces of the children he sent on with his wife and brother, Jacob eventually tries to find them in California. He searches several years for his family but cannot find them, and eventually gives them up for dead.

The Mexican–American War erupts and Jacob joins John C. Frémont's militia to fight the Mexican Army. During a supply stop in one of the settlements, he sees his wife at a distance, but before he can go over to greet her, he sees her and his brother Jethro embrace and kiss. They also have a new child, Cornflower. Dejected that his wife and brother have become romantically involved but not wanting to disrupt their happiness, he decides to leave without making his presence known. Before he goes, he gives the wooden medicine wheel necklace to his young son, who does not realize the man is his father.

Meanwhile, Dog Star and Running Fox are still estranged. The other tribes that have been trading with the whites for rifles, particularly the Crow, have grown stronger, and the Lakota are now at a disadvantage. Seeking guidance, Dog Star visits the stone medicine wheel, where he meets Loved by the Buffalo. Loved by the Buffalo tells his brother that his lifetime quest is to preserve the traditional ways. The whites at the forts refuse to trade pistols to the Lakota, instead giving them whiskey, and drunkenness soon becomes a problem. Loved by the Buffalo also appears to his brother Running Fox in a vision. Running Fox and Dog Star eventually reconcile and agree to no longer trade for white goods.

Thunder Heart Woman finds the wooden medicine wheel necklace and realizes that her husband is still alive. She feels that it is best not to go after him, but their daughter Margaret Light Shines Wheeler (Sage Galesi) is determined to find him.

Episode 3: "Dreams and Schemes"
Jethro and Thunder Heart Woman remain together in California and a daughter, Corn Flower (Chantelle Webster), is born to them. While working at the Wheeler ranch, now dubbed Rancho Paradiso, Jethro encounters a 49er named Martin Jarrett (Sean Astin) who brings him the first news about the California gold rush. Jethro soon follows him to the nearby American River to prospect for gold, although he returns home each night.

Jethro dreams of quick riches but all he finds are a few small grains. Undeterred, he begins to spend more and more time looking for gold. Without Jethro's labor, the ranch begins to run into difficulties, with essential repairs being left undone. Jethro also takes to drinking heavily to counter the frigid waters of the river and becomes abusive towards Thunder Heart Woman and the children. After one too many arguments turn violent, Abe High Wolf Wheeler (Tyler Posey) decides to leave.

Jethro's cousin, David Wheeler (Balthazar Getty), arrives as a 49er and becomes Jethro's partner in prospecting for gold. Angered by the successes of a group of Chinese immigrant miners, Jethro and David drive them off and steal their claim. After finding a huge nugget of gold, Jethro and David argue over how they will split their new fortune. David insists that half of the nugget should be divided amongst each other, especially when David was the first to find it. Greedy over the find, Jethro coldly replies that it was his claim, so David is entitled to perhaps a quarter of the money, maybe even a third of it just because they happen to be related. After Jethro falls asleep, David steals the nugget and heads toward San Francisco. Jethro follows him downriver and the both of them exchange gun fire in desperation. As David tries to escape in a canoe, Jethro attempts to board the canoe and David kills him with an oar to the head. Right afterwards, David loses his balance due to the weight of the gold nugget in his pack, falls into the river, and drowns when the weight of the nugget takes him to the bottom. To support her family, Thunder Heart Woman starts to sell food and supplies to the miners.

Meanwhile, Margaret Light Shines Wheeler has taken a job in a guest house in San Francisco, but continues to look for her father. Jacob remained with the army, but became disillusioned at the treatment of Native Americans in Oregon and returned to trapping in the mountains in California. After spotting an army unit sporting a Bear Flag, Margaret inquires if any of them know Jacob Wheeler. A sergeant tells her that Jacob is among them and says he will lead her to him. When the two enter a barn, he tries to rape her. Margaret is saved by Ethan Biggs (Daniel Gillies), a British immigrant photographer. Margaret goes to work for Biggs and the two eventually fall in love and marry.

While working in the photo studio, a local wheelwright tells Margaret a trapper in the mountains has fixed a broken wagon wheel for some settlers. Certain that it's her father, Margaret convinces Biggs to join her looking for the trapper's camp. When they find the camp, Jacob at first takes them for thieves and nearly shoots them. Margaret shows him the wooden medicine wheel necklace and he realizes that she is his daughter. Jacob then goes to Rancho Paradiso and is reunited with his family.

On the plains, white encroachment has become an undeniable problem for the tribes. Running Fox and Dog Star join several other chiefs—including Conquering Bear (Graham Greene)—at the signing of the Treaty of Fort Laramie (1851). All three agree that the peace is precarious but decide to give the agreement a chance.

A little later, Loved by the Buffalo is visiting Conquering Bear's village. A cow escapes from a passing Mormon wagon train and rampages through the village, causing considerable damage. The villagers try to give the cow back to the settlers, but they become frightened at the sight of the Indians and run away. The tribe decides to keep the cow as compensation for the damage and butcher it. A platoon of soldiers soon arrive, in command of a lieutenant who has no respect for the Native Americans. The lieutenant demands that the cow be returned and the "thief" be handed over. Conquering Bear tries to explain the situation to the soldiers, but his efforts are thwarted by a drunken scout who intentionally mistranslates the negotiations. The lieutenant orders his soldiers to open fire on the village, but the warriors fight back. Conquering Bear is killed, but his warriors manage to kill the lieutenant, the drunken translator, and every single soldier in the party. (Note: this event is based on the August 1854 Grattan massacre.)

A few years later, another Wheeler cousin, Samson Wheeler (Matthew Modine) has moved to Lawrence, Kansas with his family—his wife Susannah (Rebecca Jenkins), sons Aaron (Greyston Holt) and Jeremiah (James Kirk), and adopted daughter Clara (Rachael Leigh Cook). An anti-slavery Unionist himself, Samson allies with the abolitionist Jayhawkers during the days of "Bleeding Kansas" as tensions rise in the months leading up to the Civil War. He refuses to leave the town despite being threatened by Border Ruffian leader Bloody Bill Anderson (Christian Bocher) for hiring Henry Foster (Kwesi Ameyaw), a black worker. Lawrence is later attacked by Anderson's bushwackers and Quantrill's Raiders. In the raid, Samson, Susannah and their two sons are killed, leaving Clara as the only survivor. She then leaves Kansas to seek out her cousins in Omaha, Nebraska.

Jacob Wheeler's sons take different paths. Abe Wheeler (Christian Kane) has become a rider for the Pony Express. Despite being an excellent rider, he loses his job when the Pony Express is superseded by the telegraph. Jacob Wheeler Jr. (Tyler Christopher) also decides to leave the family ranch to strike out on his own. Leaving California for the great plains, his knowledge of the Lakota language is valuable to the army and he is hired as a scout.

Dog Star's son, Brings Horse (Nathaniel Arcand) is shot by an army sniper when he climbs a telegraph pole to investigate the wires strung from the top and cutting them. Sleeping Bear (Nathan Lee Chasing His Horse), Dog Star's surviving son, pledges revenge against the whites for what they have done.

Episode 4: "Hell on Wheels"
In December 1863, Clara Wheeler makes her journey to Omaha and finds her cousins, Daniel Wheeler (Lance Henriksen), his wife Esther (Jane E. Goold) and his children Robert (Warren Kole), Jackson (Glen Powell Jr.), Thomas (Kurt Sorenson) and Lilly (Mia Stallard). Daniel is pursuing the family trade as a wheelwright. He is not happy to see Clara (in the previous episode Samson mentioned that he never was on good terms with Daniel, although the reason is never revealed) and intends to send her away to the war-raged East, but he is persuaded by his wife and his son Robert to take Clara in, on the condition that Robert takes the sole responsibility for Clara. It is obvious that Clara is traumatized from the deaths of her family, but she is quickly comforted by Robert's caring presence.

The race is on as the Central Pacific and Union Pacific Railroads lay down tracks across the U.S., bringing East and West together. Jacob Wheeler's son Abe joins the construction crew of the Central Pacific railroad, working east from Sacramento. Working conditions are hard, and many workers leave to prospect for gold in the Californian goldfields. Chinese workers ("Coolies") are brought in from San Francisco to supplement the work crews. Abe meets and befriends Chow-Ping Yen (Garrett Wang), and they work in difficult conditions into and through the Sierra Nevada. Chow-Ping saves Abe's life when he almost falls from a bosun's chair while setting dynamite to construct a shelf along a cliff face.

In March 1864, while photographing California Governor Frederick Low, Ethan Biggs and his wife, Margaret Light Shines (Jacob's daughter), decide to see the Indian Territory, and they take a stagecoach to Denver. In Denver, they hear Colonel John Chivington (Tom Berenger) speak against the Indians and recruit for the Third Colorado Cavalry. Ethan and Margaret's stagecoach is ambushed by Cheyenne warriors after leaving Denver. The other passengers are killed, but they are captured by Roman Nose (Rod Rondeaux) and taken to the camp of Black Kettle. Although the Cheyenne are hostile at first, Ethan and Margaret demonstrate their photographic equipment to the curious Cheyenne, and come to appreciate the Indian's hospitality.

While Ethan photographs the people of Black Kettle's camp, Margaret works to establish peace between the Cheyenne and the local Governor and Army. On September 28, 1864, Black Kettle holds council with Colorado Territory Governor John Evans, Colonel Chivington and Major Wynkoop (Arron Shiver), to ensure peace. (Major Wynkoop's character is based on Silas Soule.) The Indians make clear their desire for peace, but the negotiations end inconclusively.

Margaret and Ethan decide to continue their journey, but, on November 29, 1864, the night before they have planned to leave, Colonel Chivington attacks Black Kettle's village at the head of the Third Colorado Cavalry. Most of the village, including Ethan, are killed at the Sand Creek Massacre. Margaret is saved by Black Kettle and flees with the survivors.

Further altercations between the Indians and the American settlers leads Red Cloud (Raoul Trujillo) to begin to gather the forces that will lead to Red Cloud's War. On December 21, 1866, a large band of Cheyenne and Sioux under Crazy Horse (Tatanka Means) attack a supply train near Fort Phil Kearny. Capt. Fetterman (Dylan Kenin) leads a relief party of 80 men. Ignoring orders not to venture beyond Lodge Trail Ridge, he led his troops into an ambush. He and his entire party were killed in the attack, later called the Fetterman Massacre.

General William Tecumseh Sherman meets with Black Kettle and other Indian Chiefs, and Margaret watches another treaty being signed. Despite the treaty, Col George Armstrong Custer (Jonathan Scarfe) and the 7th Cavalry attack Black Kettle's Cheyenne village at the Battle of Washita River on November 27, 1868. Jacob Jr. has been serving as a scout for the U.S. Army with Custer. Margaret is taken captive with other Indian women. They are taken to an Army Fort, where she is reunited with her brother Jacob Jr., who tries to help her escape. She refuses, insisting on staying with her adopted Indian family. Eventually, the U.S. Army abandons some forts, and the second Treaty of Fort Laramie creates the Great Sioux reservation.

Abe Wheeler continues to work on the railroad until the First transcontinental railroad was completed on May 10, 1869, when the driving of the Golden Spike joins the Union Pacific and Central Pacific Railroads at Promontory Summit in Utah. Abe parts company with Chow-Ping.

Meanwhile, Daniel Wheeler is seeking fortune by collaborating with Central Pacific Railroads and creating railroad boomtowns, exploiting the debaucheries of new settlers. He starts with North Platte, Nebraska with his sons Robert and Jackson as assistants, and by May 1868 they are in Cheyenne. Robert brings Clara along, and romance develops between them, while Daniel strongly disapproves their relationship. Robert disagrees with Daniel's corruptive way of business, and grows distant from his father. After the Transcontinental Railroad is completed, Robert and Clara decide to strike out on their own, leaving behind the life dominated by the greedy Daniel.

Episode 5: "Casualties of War"
Gold is discovered in the Black Hills in 1874. The Black Hills are considered by the Lakota to be the axis mundi, or center of the world, and the 1868 Treaty of Fort Laramie granted the Indians ownership of the mountain range. Now, settlers trespass on their land to prospect for gold, and the U.S. Army moves in to take possession. Conflict over control of the region sparks the Black Hills War, the last major Indian War on the Great Plains.

Red Cloud (Raoul Trujillo) continues to talk of peace with the whites at Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, but many young men leave to join Sitting Bull (Eric Schweig), including cousins White Bird (Kalani Queypo)—son of Sleeping Bear and grandson of Dog Star (Gil Birmingham)—and Red Lance (Eddie Spears)—grandson of Running Fox (Russell Means) and son of White Crow (David Midthunder). Red Lance's younger brother, Voices That Carry (Nakotah Larance), wants to go with his brother, but is required to stay behind with his grand-uncle Dog Star because of his youth. Red Cloud thinks that the "peace talkers" from Washington will honor the Treaty of Fort Laramie and keep other whites out of the Black Hills.

Robert Wheeler is operating a general store in Hillsgate, Dakota Territory, while Clara spends her spare time teaching the town's children. Their store prospers as a result of the Black Hills Gold Rush and the many who rush into the area to find gold. In October 1874, Robert agrees to take a prospector into the Black Hills for $10, but they are attacked by two bushwhackers and the prospector is killed. Robert kills the two bushwhackers in turn with his Sharps Buffalo Rifle. Though he is safely home, Clara is angry with Robert for risking his life to make money. Clara buys a typewriter from a traveling salesman. Robert invests the profits from the store in about 100 Buffalo hides for $3 each, expecting to make a profit from the craze for buffalo bedspreads and overcoats, but finds that fashions have moved on and he cannot sell them to Douglas Hillman (Judge Reinhold) for more than $1 each. Instead, he gives them to the needy Indians at a nearby reservation. While there, he meets Captain Richard Henry Pratt (Keith Carradine), who commends his actions.

Margaret Light Shines (Irene Bedard) has been a prisoner of the Army since the Battle of Washita River, but she finds purpose helping the women and orphaned children at the same Indian Reservation as Red Cloud. Voices That Carry runs away from the camp of Red Cloud to join his father, White Crow, with Sitting Bull.

In June 1876, Jacob Wheeler Jr. (Tyler Christopher) is still a scout for Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer (Jonathan Scarfe) and the 7th U.S. Cavalry. On the morning of the Battle of the Little Bighorn, Custer dispatches Jacob Jr. with a message to Captain Frederick Benteen. Jacob Jr. gives a letter for his parents to a friend who is assigned to Major Marcus Reno's group, in case he should not survive Custer's plan. As he foresaw, Jacob is killed before he finds Benteen, as Crazy Horse and a Lakota-Northern Cheyenne combined force wipe out Custer's cavalry detachment. Among those who are also killed is White Bird. Voices That Carry brings the body of his cousin back to Dog Star in Red Cloud's camp.

After the final letter from Jacob Jr. reaches them, Jacob (John Terry) and Thunder Heart Woman (Sheila Tousey) go to Hillsgate in an effort to find Jacob Jr.'s resting place. They meet Robert and Clara, who take them to the scene of the battle. It is then learnt that Robert and Clara had a son, William, who died from a fever. Clara is unable to let go of the painful memory and there is some strain in her relationship with Robert.

Following the defeat of the Sioux and their allies later in 1876, the United States "purchased" the Black Hills region (no actual purchase was ever completed and this area is under dispute to this day).

In 1879, Richard Henry Pratt returns to Hillsgate, and invites Robert and Clara to join him in teaching at an experimental school in Pennsylvania designed to "civilize" Native American children. Pratt persuades the Lakota that their children need to learn the white men's ways. He takes 125 Lakota children to the Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. President Rutherford B. Hayes had arranged for the Carlisle Barracks to be made available. Among the children is Voices That Carry, who encourages the other Native Americans to resist assimilation. Voices That Carry's numerous attempts to undermine the process upset Pratt, but Robert tries to convince the boy to work hard so he can record the story of his people. Voices That Carry and Robert form a tentative friendship. After 6 months in Carlisle, Robert falls out with Pratt over his strict teaching methods, and heads back for home with Clara, who is now bearing their second child. Before they set off, Clara leaves her typewriter to Voices That Carry.

Episode 6: "Ghost Dance"
Ten years have passed since the end of Episode 5. Robert (Craig Sheffer) and Clara Wheeler (Joanna Going) return home, disillusioned by the school they have been hired to run, and Clara begins to teach Native American children on the reservation. Loved by the Buffalo (Joseph M. Marshall III) believes he has found the foretold prophet when a mysterious Indian named Wovoka (Jonathan Joss) inspires his people with the Ghost Dance and a vision of their restored land at a Paiute reservation, the Yerington Indian Colony near Yerington, Nevada. But the ritual stirs up more fear among those who wish to contain the Native Americans. Voices That Carry (Chaske Spencer) is reunited with his brother Red Lance (Eddie Spears). Within weeks, the Ghost Dance becomes a phenomenon in the reservation. Local white governors and suppliers, who are tasked with the job of providing clothing and food for the Natives, become fearful of an Indian uprising. Local newspaper reporters overly exaggerate the dance as being sadistic and rebellious in nature. Margaret Light Shines is living in the reservation to help tend to the local children and sick. One of the newspaper reporters, not realizing she speaks English and knows how to use a camera, confronts her and trades his camera for a Ghost Shirt. Margaret Light Shines then uses the camera to record her version of the history.

After Sitting Bull is "accidentally" killed by Indian Police sent by the Indian Agent, the Ghost Dance rebellion grows, which in turn leads to more brutality toward the Native Americans. Indian Agent Daniel Royer (David Paymer), fearful of the Ghost Dance, sends for help and Colonel James W. Forsyth arrives with the 7th Cavalry Regiment. The 7th Cavalry regiment moves outward from the reservation into the hills and valleys restricted of Indian settlement where Big Foot (George Aguilar) and his followers are hiding out. Fearful of the slaughter of his people who are poorly armed, Big Foot agrees to return to the reservation peacefully.

Jacob Wheeler (John Terry) and his wife Thunder Heart Woman (Sheila Tousey) decide to move to South Dakota to settle in with the people they care about—Robert and Clara. Margaret Light Shines walks past and sees a missing person search notice (put up by Robert) and realizes her family is nearby. She is taken back by Robert and reunites with her parents.

While on the journey back to the reservation settlement, the groups stop and rest at a valley called Wounded Knee. While there, Colonel Forsyth requests Big Foot's men turn over all their weapons. They do so peacefully; however, when Forsyth sees how few arms Big Foot's men are carrying, he becomes angry. Believing his reports that Big Foot's men were well armed, the soldiers begin tearing apart the camp, taking anything that could be used as a weapon, including sticks and utensils. One of Big Foot's warriors, Black Coyote (Tokala Clifford), is deaf and did not hear the request to turn in his gun. When a U.S. soldier attempts to pry it from his hands, the gun goes off by accident. The American soldiers then open fire at will upon Big Foot and his people. While Big Foot's men rush to pick up their weapons and defend themselves, the women and children run in opposite directions only to be mowed down by the 7th Cavalry's gunfire. Most of the Natives, including Big Foot, are slaughtered. Robert Wheeler, who was attached to the 7th Cavalry in supplying Big Foot's men with blankets and food, survives the massacre but was injured by artillery.

The survivors of the massacre are marched back to the reservation. Word goes round rapidly about the slaughter and Margaret Light Shines goes out to the field at Wounded Knee to photograph the massacre. While there, she meets and photographs the newspaper reporter who sold her the camera, who is looking with horror at the sight of the hundreds of frozen dead bodies which he indirectly had contributed to. She is also reunited with her uncle Loved By the Buffalo, who is performing the death rites for the deceased. Margaret brings him to meet her parents, Thunder Heart Woman and Jacob Wheeler.

Loved By the Buffalo and Jacob Wheeler meet again, closing a circle that began many years ago, and Loved By the Buffalo comes to realize that his destiny was not to prevent what was destined to happen, but to preserve it and the memory of his people; to teach the young Lakota children the ways of their people. "So long as there are still a few Lakota left who understand the traditional ways of their people, the tribe, history, and the memories and lessons of our past can still be preserved so that future generations may also learn from them."

The final scene shows Loved By the Buffalo sitting with a group of Lakota children, Margaret, and Thunder Heart Woman, teaching them the past of the people and his own experiences. At the same time miles away, Robert and Clara are expecting another child. Jacob is sitting on the porch with Robert and Clara's son Jedediah (Dax Ansley), telling him about his own experiences, past, and the lessons he has to teach.

 * "The only history a man knows for certain is that small part he owns for himself."—Jacob Wheeler
 * "I always told my children—you are one part Lakota and one part Virginia—be proud of both."—Jacob Wheeler
 * "When you tell these stories, you touch the Grandmothers and Grandfathers."—Loved by the Buffalo

Cast
Listed below are the major characters and the actors who play them. Some of the characters are portrayed at different ages by different actors.

 * Loved by the Buffalo: played by Chevez Ezaneh, Simon R. Baker, George Leach, Steve Reevis, Joseph M. Marshall III
 * Thunder Heart Woman: played by Sarah Weston, Tonantzin Carmelo, Sheila Tousey
 * Running Fox: played by Mathew Strongeagle, Zahn McClarnon, Russell Means
 * Dog Star: played by Pony Boy Osuniga, Michael Spears, Gil Birmingham
 * Growling Bear: played by Gordon Tootoosis
 * Jacob Wheeler: played by Matthew Settle, John Terry
 * Jethro Wheeler: played by Skeet Ulrich
 * Nathan Wheeler: played by Alan Tudyk
 * Jedediah Smith: played by Josh Brolin
 * James Fletcher: played by Will Patton
 * Johnny Fox: played by Gary Busey
 * Naomi Wheeler: played by Keri Russell
 * Rachel Wheeler: played by Jessica Capshaw
 * Leah Wheeler: played by Emily Holmes
 * Stephen Hoxie: played by Beau Bridges
 * Preacher Hobbes: played by Derek de Lint
 * Prairie Fire: played by Jay Tavare
 * Margaret (Light Shines) Wheeler: played by Chantry Bruised Head, Summer Rae Birdyellowhead, Sage Galesi, Irene Bedard
 * Jacob (Touch the Sky) Wheeler Jr.: played by Samuel Patrick Chu, Tyler Christopher
 * Abraham (High Wolf) Wheeler: played by Benjamin Smoke, Tyler Posey, Christian Kane
 * Conquering Bear: played by Graham Greene
 * Clara Wheeler: played by Rachael Leigh Cook, Joanna Going
 * David Wheeler: played by Balthazar Getty
 * Samson Wheeler: played by Matthew Modine
 * Martin Jarrett: played by Sean Astin
 * Hannah Wheeler: played by Georgie Collins
 * Ethan Biggs: played by Daniel Gillies
 * Robert Wheeler: played by Warren Kole, Craig Sheffer
 * Daniel Wheeler: played by Lance Henriksen
 * John Chivington: played by Tom Berenger
 * George Armstrong Custer: played by Jonathan Scarfe
 * Thomas C. Durant: played by Forrest Fyre
 * Black Kettle: played by Wes Studi
 * Red Cloud: played by Raoul Trujillo
 * White Crow: played by William Joseph Elk III, David Midthunder
 * Red Lance: played by Malachi Tsoodle-Nelson, Eddie Spears
 * Richard Henry Pratt: played by Keith Carradine
 * Douglas Hillman: played by Judge Reinhold
 * Sitting Bull: played by Eric Schweig
 * Crazy Horse: played by Tatanka Means
 * Voices That Carry: played by Nakotah LaRance, Chaske Spencer
 * Daniel Royer: played by David Paymer
 * Yellow Bird: played by Billy Merasty
 * Kicking Bear: played by Brandon Oakes
 * Spotted Elk: played by George Aguilar
 * Sleeping Bear: played by Nathan Lee Chasing His Horse

Wheeler family tree
Sources:

Home release
A four disc DVD box set was released on October 4, 2005. There are producer, director, and cast interviews among the six episodes of the series and other various features.

Soundtrack
A two-disc album of Geoff Zanelli's music was released in 2013 by La-La Land Records.

title: Into the West (miniseries)


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Jiyang Chen (2)

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. — Trilobite (Talk) 15:29, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)


text:
Johann Heinrich Schulze

Johann Heinrich Schulze (12 May 1687 – 10 October 1744) was a German professor and polymath.

History
Schulze studied medicine, chemistry, philosophy and theology and became a professor in Altdorf and Halle for anatomy and several other subjects.

Notable discoveries
Schulze is best known for his discovery that the darkening in sunlight of various substances mixed with silver nitrate is due to the light, not the heat as other experimenters believed, and for using the phenomenon to temporarily capture shadows.

Schulze's experiments with silver nitrate were undertaken in about 1717. He found that a slurry of chalk and nitric acid into which some silver had been dissolved was darkened by sunlight, but not by exposure to the heat from a fire. To provide an interesting demonstration of its darkening by light, he applied stencils of words to a bottle filled with the mixture and put it in direct sunlight, which produced copies of the text in dark characters on the surface of the contents. The impressions persisted until they were erased by shaking the bottle or until overall exposure to light obliterated them. Because they were produced by the action of light, an extremely broad and literal definition of what a photograph is may allow even these fluid, ephemeral sun printings to qualify as such, and on that basis many German sources credit Schulze as the inventor of photography.

Though Schulze's work did not provide a means of permanently preserving an image, it did provide a foundation for later efforts toward that end. Thomas Wedgwood and Humphry Davy produced more substantial but still impermanent shadow images on coated paper and leather around the year 1800. Nicéphore Niépce succeeded in photographing camera images on paper coated with silver chloride in 1816 but he, too, could not make his results light-fast. The first permanent camera photograph of this type was made in 1835 by Henry Fox Talbot.

Works

 * Abhandlung von der Stein-Chur durch innerliche Artzeneyen überhaupt und insonderheit von der neulich bekannt gewordenen Englischen . Franckfurt, 1740 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
 * Chemische Versuche . Waysenhaus, Halle 1745 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf

title: Johann Heinrich Schulze