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Talk:Apollo (DC Comics)

Stub creation
I just created this quickly to fix some dead links from the front-page listing of Superman. If someone who follows Stormwatch and The Authority more than I do wants to flesh it out, that would be great. Detail needed on origin (created by Bendix, but I'm not clear on who exactly Bendix is or why Apollo was created), relationship with Midnighter and perhaps some issue names/numbers for his initial appearances. Harmil 11:43, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)

He's more than just gay
It's seems like this entire article mostly focuses on his and midnighter's relationship. I'm no expert, but I'm pretty sure that there is more to the character than being gay 24.218.65.219 22:28, 28 March 2007 (UTC)

Superman powers?
I may be going out on a limb here, and im no Superman expert, but im pretty sure he does NOT get his powers from the sun
 * Both Superman and Apollo have been explicitly described in their comics as deriving their powers (or rather the charge for them) from the sun. It is true that the origin and nature of Superman's powers has shifted over the years, though (first they were simply native to his race, then they were supposed to be caused or boosted by the different gravity, then finally the solar explanation settled). Read the article for more info.
 * The difference between Superman and Apollo is that Superman's powers are part of his Kryptonian makeup and brought out by yellow sunlight, while Apollo has been enhanced (in vague and unspecified ways) and these enhancements are powered by solar radiation. The basic idea of being powered by the sun is the same.
 * Just to add some more concrete evidence see Wikipedia's entry on "Superman's Powers" for more concrete examples. Or you can watch the CM's Smallville for other examples.  Or even go to the comics (The Final Night saga, Our Worlds at War, Birthright, The Man of Steel, Superman in Space) which have dozens of references to his need for a yellow sun.

 * Superman does derive his powers from solar energy, but the references in this article that said that he does not act like a battery, as Apollo does, were wrong. While he's not as directly charged/discharged as Apollo is, he still requires to be "charged" by the sun to function, and when he depletes his solar energy stores (as when he died, and then returned), his power levels are sensibly lower.MaGnUs was here!

 * I've tidied up the 'Powers' section and simplified the comparison with Superman per your comments. We compared the two characters in the first place because Apollo is, superficially, a Superman pastiche. They both get power from the sun - that's about the extent of the instructive comparison, which otherwise tells the reader little about Apollo specifically. There's nothing special, or especially interesting, about how he differs from Superman in respect of his power source. So I've cut it out. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.21.98.233 (talk) 20:45, 2 September 2007 (UTC)

Canopy
From the volume 2 section: "This also marks the appearance of the infamous canopied four-poster bed. In the most intimate scene between Apollo and The Midnighter yet, the pair wake at dawn in their bed on the Carrier. Some fans found this scene objectionable, especially on account of the canopy." Maybe I'm just dense, but I can't figure out what's so objectionable about a bed having a canopy. This should be rewritten to be clearer. Jimpartame 13:36, 4 May 2006 (UTC)
 * I agree. I think the last part may have been written by a homophobe. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 65.244.131.147 (talk • contribs).

 * Please, refrain from personal attacks on Wikipedia. If you feel that an uncited sentence is nonsense, then that's really all that we need to deal with. Speculating as to the character of the person who wrote it isn't going to do anyone any good. -Harmil 04:09, 14 October 2006 (UTC)

Apollo's power level VS Superman's
While it is pretty clear that Apollo is a powerhouse, his strength speed and invulvernability doesn't surpass Superman's. Both can become super-charged when getting closer and closer to the sun, both have vast strength and invulnerability. If the article in question is only taking into consideration the power levels of Superman immediately after the crisis on infinite earths, I would agree. But in the last 5-10 years Superman's power levels have once again risen to unbelievable levels that may even dwarf Apollo's. Apollo is considered a Majestic class superhuman, but when Majestic crossed over into the mainstream DC universe, he was just a poor-man's Superman. To take it one step further, Apollo and the Authority couldn't even handle Captain Atom, who has traditionally been seen as weaker than the Man of Steel. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 192.139.221.204 (talk • contribs).

 * I'm personally of the opinion that a comparison between the magnitude of the powers of one fictional character to another is relatively pointless, especially as both continue to be developed and can be safely predicted to change over time. -Harmil 20:13, 1 March 2007 (UTC)

What issue was the wedding?
In what issue did Apollo and Midnighter get married?

 * Vol. 1, issue 29. The last two pages.  Armaced (talk) 16:15, 25 October 2010 (UTC)

In-universe perspective
I've just given the article a pretty comprehensive reframing after it was given the "In-universe perspective" tag. I think these edits remove the problem, so I've now removed it, but please let's talk here if you disagree. There are now a few remaining gaps in coverage of character history:

- Captain Atom: Armaggedon and the WSU reboot, and subsequent cross-overs and events

- That mini where Winter comes back and Apollo traps him in the sun, the name of which I temporarily forget

- Apollo in the Midnighter solo series (very occasionally)

- Apollo in Kev

It would be good to get some appropriately-framed summaries of the character's part in these stories. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Gonzonoir (talk • contribs) 09:35, 18 July 2008 (UTC)

Mentioning of Apollo in Queer As Folk
It will be nice to mention that in main article. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 89.110.198.44 (talk) 19:03, 5 December 2009 (UTC)

Title
The Title should be change to Apollo (Wildstorm comics)

DC and MArvel Both Have character's named Apollo. In fact DC has at least 2. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 199.173.224.31 (talk) 16:22, 14 June 2010 (UTC)
 * Well, this Apollo is pretty darned more famouse then the other two. Lots42 (talk) 16:41, 25 October 2010 (UTC)

Flashpoint
Maybe I'm just being slow, but I don't see any link between Flashpoint's Neil Sinclair and Wildstorm's Apollo that's anything other than speculation? — Preceding unsigned comment added by 82.9.42.70 (talk) 21:12, 5 February 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Apollo (DC Comics)


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User:JIP/BDSM in Harry Potter

Contrary to rumours, there is no BDSM scene in the book Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire.
 * "Don't put words in my mouth. I would never add a BDSM scene in a children's book. If you want BDSM fiction, you know where to find it." - J. K. Rowling

However, when you come to think of it, a BDSM scene between people with magical powers might be very interesting reading. I can't even begin to imagine the things they would do to achieve pleasure.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: User:JIP/BDSM in Harry Potter


text: File:Urban75 homepage.PNG

title: File:Urban75 homepage.PNG


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Bentheim-Tecklenburg

Bentheim-Tecklenburg was a German county based in the region around Tecklenburg in northern North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

History
Bentheim-Tecklenburg emerged as a partition of the County of Bentheim in 1277, and was partitioned between itself and Bentheim-Lingen in 1450. Count Conrad converted his county to Lutheranism in 1541. In 1557, it was inherited by Bentheim-Steinfurt.

Arnold III, Count of Bentheim-Steinfurt-Tecklenburg-Limburg (1554-1606) held the counties of Bentheim, Tecklenburg, Steinfurt, Limburg (with Hohenlimburg Castle), the Lordship of Rheda, possessions on the Lower Rhine and bailiff rights in the Archbishopric of Cologne. After his death his possessions were divided between his three eldest sons while the younger sons received lands from their mother. Adolf (1577-1623) received Tecklenburg and Rheda, Wilhelm Heinrich (1584-1632) Steinfurt (with Burgsteinfurt Castle), but left no offspring, Konrad Gumprecht (1585-1618) received Limburg, but his only son died early. Adolf had four sons of whom Moritz (1615-1674) inherited Tecklenburg and Rheda in 1623 and Limburg in 1629. Moritz' two sons Johann Adolf (1637-1704) and Friedrich Moritz (1653-1710) partitioned the territories again, but in 1701 Brandenburgian troops occupied Tecklenburg, as there had been a dispute about the county with the counts of Solms-Braunfels since 1577, and the latter sold their rights to Brandenburg.

After the loss of Tecklenburg, the family still ruled in Limburg and Rheda, however about 100 kilometers apart from each other. In 1756 the residence was moved from Hohenlimburg to Rheda, which remains the main seat of the family to this day. In 1803 the secularized monasteries of Herzebrock and Clarholz, both located within the territories, were taken over by the counts. However, their sovereignty ended with the mediatisation in 1808 when the county became part of the Grand Duchy of Berg, and after the Congress of Vienna (1815) of the Kingdom of Prussia. In 1817, the count was created 1st Prince of Bentheim-Tecklenburg and Rheda by the Prussian king. In 1854 he received a hereditary seat in the Prussian House of Lords. The castles of Hohenlimburg and Rheda and the abbeys of Herzebrock and Clarholz are still today owned by the House of Bentheim-Tecklenburg-Rheda.

Counts of Bentheim-Tecklenburg (1277–1557)

 * Otto III (1277–1338)
 * Otto IV (1289–1302)
 * Otto V (1302–1328)
 * Richardis (1328–1338)
 * Nicholas I (Count of Alt-Bruchhausen and Schwerin) (1338–1360)
 * Otto VI (1360–1388)
 * Nicholas II (1388–1426)
 * Otto VII (1426–1450)
 * Nicholas III (Count of Bentheim-Lingen) (1450–1493)
 * Otto VIII (1493–1526)
 * Conrad (Count of Bentheim-Lingen) (1526–1557)

Counts of Bentheim-Tecklenburg (1562–1817)

 * Arnold III, Count of Bentheim-Steinfurt-Tecklenburg-Limburg (1562–1606)

Counts of Bentheim-Tecklenburg-Rheda

 * Adolf, Count of Bentheim-Tecklenburg (1606–1623)
 * Moritz, Count of Bentheim-Tecklenburg, Rheda and Limburg (1623–1674)
 * Johann Adolf, Count of Bentheim-Tecklenburg and Rheda (1674–1704)
 * Friedrich Moritz, Count of Bentheim-Tecklenburg (1704–1710), sold his rights on Tecklenburg to Brandenburg in 1707
 * Moritz Kasimir I of Bentheim-Tecklenburg (1710–1768), brother of Friedrich Moritz
 * Moritz Kasimir II of Bentheim-Tecklenburg (1768–1805), son of Friedrich Moritz
 * Emil Friedrich I of Bentheim-Tecklenburg (1805–1817), count of Limburg and Rheda, regent of Bentheim-Tecklenburg, 1817 1st Prince of Bentheim-Tecklenburg and Rheda

(Mediatized) Princes of Bentheim-Tecklenburg and Rheda (1817–)

 * Emil, 1st Prince 1817–1837 (1765-1837)
 * Moritz Kasimir, 2nd Prince 1837–1872 (1795-1872)
 * Franz, 3rd Prince 1872-1885 (1800-1885)
 * Prince Adolf Ludwig (1804-1874)
 * Gustav, 4th Prince 1885-1909 (1849-1909)
 * Adolf, 5th Prince 1909-1967 (1889-1967)
 * Moritz Casimir, 6th Prince 1967-2014 (1923-2014)
 * Prince Carl-Gustav Moritz-Casimir (1960-) - renounced succession rights
 * Maximilian, 7th Prince 2014- (1969-) ∞ Marissa Clara Fortescue, granddaughter of Denzil Fortescue, 6th Earl Fortescue
 * Prince Moritz (2003-)
 * Prince Carl-Emil (2010-)

title: Bentheim-Tecklenburg


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Neskantaga First Nation

Neskantaga First Nation (formerly known as Lansdowne House Indian Band) is a remote Oji-Cree First Nation band government in the northern reaches of the Canadian province of Ontario, situated along the shore of Attawapiskat Lake in the District of Kenora.

The First Nation is a signatory to Treaty 9 (originally as part of the Fort Hope Band) and has reserved for itself the 831.50 ha Neskantaga Indian reserve, containing the main community of Lansdowne House Indian Settlement on Attawapiskat Lake, on the west side of the lake, which is currently the community's water source. Associated with the Neskantaga First Nation is the Summer Beaver Indian Settlement, which is shared with Nibinamik First Nation. The Lansdowne House is linked to the rest of Ontario by the Lansdowne House Airport, and by winter roads and ice roads to points south, via the Northern Ontario Resource Trail. As of November 2011, there is a total registered population of 414 people, of whom 304 people live on their own reserve.

Neskantaga is a fly-in community and is therefore not accessible by year-round road.

The Ring of Fire is 500 kilometres northeast of Thunder Bay in the remote James Bay lowlands, and contains a vast, rich and untapped mineral camp of world-class chromite, nickel, copper and palladium deposits.

Governance
The First Nation elects its officials under the Custom Electoral System. The most recent officials were Peter Moonias as Chief, and Bill Mequanawap, Christopher Moonias, Kelvin Moonias and William Moonias as Councillors; their two-year term ended on 03/31/2013.

The First Nation's council is a member of the Matawa First Nations, a local Chiefs Council, and of Nishnawbe Aski Nation, a Tribal Political Organisation representing most of the First Nations in northern Ontario.

Location
The Neskantaga First Nations is about 450 kilometres north of Thunder Bay, Ontario. Neskantaga is at the headwaters of the Attawapiskat River in the James Bay Lowlands, in a "pristine boreal setting known for bears, wolverines and excellent fishing" with many bodies of water and a "landscape weaving among them". The community was relocated in the late 1980s to a peninsula known as on Grandmother's Point, on the west side of Attawapiskat Lake.

History
According to their website, the "ancient Anishnawbe communities [date] back to at least 3000 BC." The "Attawapiskat and Otoskwin rivers surrounding Neskantaga merge into a delta with significant brackish tidal marshes" and the area was once "part of a major trade route". There were fur-trading sites since the early 1880s in the area.

Until the 1980s, the community members had lived for many years in log cabins in Lansdowne House where the Indian Affairs agency had a cabin. For many years they fetched their water from the agency's cabin as it was the only building to have plumbing. Because of ongoing issues with both infrastructure and flooding, the community was relocated in the 1980s to its current site, which is about a 20 km from its previous location. A 2020 CBC article described how the community members had given up their cabins, which were then demolished "for the promise of a better life at a new location with improved services, including clean running water in each house."

Ring of Fire
The Neskantaga First Nation is one of three First Nations that are impacted by the Northern Ontario Ring of Fire, along with the Marten Falls First Nation, and the Webequie First Nation. An open pit mine proposed by Cliffs is on treaty nine territory, of which the Webequie First Nation is located closest to.

On February 7, 2009, Ontario Minister Rick Bartolucci released the White Paper regarding the Northern Ontario Ring of Fire, including the announcement of decisions made regarding Cliffs and the province that would negatively impact Treaty 9 land. According to the Neskantaga First Nation, the agreements with Cliffs about Treaty 9 lands, was a "blatant and illegal attempt by Ontario to expand its own influence and jurisdiction in Treaty No. 9. "Ontario has twice pushed back the deadline for input" in Ring of Fire planning, but the community says it has not enough time.

By December 2020, Ontario there were tensions between the Ontario government, Neskantaga First Nation, and the nearby Webequie First Nation. The Webequie First Nation was leading an "environmental assessment process for a supply road leading to the Ring of Fire mining region" but the Neskantaga First Nation raised concerns about their own lack of meaningful participation in the assessment process during the COVID-19 pandemic. The participation of the Neskantaga First Nation was further complicated by a forced evacuation in October 2020 caused by the community's "precarious water supply."

On April 5, 2021, the Attawapiskat, Fort Albany, and Neskantaga First Nations declared a moratorium on Ring of Fire development.

Long-term drinking water advisories (DWA)
The water source for the Neskantaga community is Attawapiskat Lake. The lake often has a "naturally occurring “colour” from the roots of trees, plants and other organic matter" and has to be filtered before it can be used as drinking water.

By June 2021, the Neskantaga First Nation was still under a Long-term Drinking Water Advisory, which was first put in place in 1995. The 300 community members rely on the community’s Reverse osmosis (RO) machine for water. It is a "laborious process" in which individual households have to haul sleds several times a week to and from the local hotel to use the unreliable machine. They also depend on shipments of bottled water.

The DWA is the longest in Canada and it began to gain national attention when Canadian news outlets began to cover the story from 2004 to 2016 about the unsafe water supply. In 2006, the 2005 government plan to modernize water supplies was cancelled following a change of government.

East of Neskantaga and 90 km west of Attawapiskat First Nation, in the Northern Ontario Ring of Fire, in the James Bay Lowlands, De Beers' Victor Diamond Mine—which was operational from 2009 until 2020 when it was decommissioned—had provided "clean water for hundreds of workers" on its open pit mining site. To community members, this is evidence that the inability to provide drinking water is not a technical but a political issue.

In 1993, the federal Indian Affairs department "paid for the construction of a natural sand, low-filter water treatment plant" to filter the water from Lake Neskantaga. By February 1, 1995, it was evident that the water treatment plant had not been "built properly", and was not adequately disinfecting the water. The community was placed under a "boil water advisory" which has remained in place ever since.

In 2016, then-Indigenous Affairs Minister Carolyn Bennett visited Neskantaga, which at that time had a population of 350, and announced that the federal government would "invest approximately $8.8 million to help upgrade the community's water treatment system, including an addition to the existing water plant with new treatment technology and additional reservoir storage capacity to meet the community's long-term needs."

In October 2020, the Neskantaga First Nation fully evacuated the reserve after test results showed high levels of hydrocarbons in the water supply, caused by a faulty pump installed by Razar Contracting Services. On December 21, 2020, over 250 members returned to the reserve.

By December 2020, the new water treatment plant was commissioned and by March 2021, the upgrade and expansion was approaching final completion. There were 374 people living on the reserve and the boil water advisory affected "76 households and 6 community buildings."

Climate
Neskantaga First Nation has a subarctic climate (Dfc). Summers consist of mild, sometimes warm days with cool nights and rain usually falling on a little more than half of all summer days. Winters are brutally cold with nights reaching dangerously cold temperatures and annual snowfall averaging 95.1 inches, (241.6 cm) falling on 89 separate days. Winter usually begins sometime during October and can easily last well into April.

title: Neskantaga First Nation


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Denman, New South Wales

Denman is a small town in New South Wales, Australia, in Muswellbrook Shire. It is on the Golden Highway in the Upper Hunter Region, about 250 km north of Sydney. At the 2016 census, Denman had a population of 1,789.

Description
Denman is situated on the Hunter River near the Wollemi National Park. The main rural industries in the region are wine grape growing, horse breeding and farming. The town holds the annual Food and Wine Affair festival on the first Saturday of May.

Denman is also near Mount Rombo, a hill that has an unusual geometric shape causing to look like it has a perfectly flat top if it is viewed from Mangoola Road, a road that branches off the Golden Highway

About 20 km north-west of Denman, in the Goulburn River National Park, is Mount Dangar, with an elevation of 670 m. It was sighted in 1824 by surveyor Henry Dangar, who named it Mount Cupola (for its domed shape). It was renamed by explorer Allan Cunningham, who became the first European to climb it the following year. Mount Dangar is a good place for walks, offering exceptional views of the area.

Defence Establishment Myambat, the Australian Defence Force's largest munitions storage facility, is located around 10 kilometres west of Denman.

Heritage listings
Denman has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:
 * 4883 Jerrys Plains Road: Merton

Population
According to the 2016 census of Population, there were 1,789 people in Denman.
 * Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 6.7% of the population.
 * 86.9% of people were born in Australia and 93.2% of people spoke only English at home.
 * The most common responses for religion were Anglican 40.7%, Catholic 25.5% and No Religion 16.9%.

title: Denman, New South Wales


text:
The Heckling Hare

The Heckling Hare is a Merrie Melodies cartoon, released on July 5, 1941, and featuring Bugs Bunny and a dopey dog named Willoughby. The cartoon was directed by Tex Avery, written by Michael Maltese, animated by soon-to-be director Robert McKimson, and with musical direction by Carl W. Stalling. In a style that was becoming typical of the Bugs character, he easily outwitted and tormented his antagonist through the short, his only concern being what to do next to the dog.

This is the second-to-last Bugs Bunny cartoon directed by Tex Avery to be released following a dispute with producer Leon Schlesinger during production (see "Original Ending" below). The last, All This and Rabbit Stew, was produced before this film. Additionally, it was the fifth cartoon for Bugs and the 55th cartoon Avery directed at Warner Bros.

The Merrie Melodies opening sequence also featured the first usage of the Warner Bros. shield logo zooming in with a carrot-munching Bugs Bunny lying on top of it. Here, after the zoom-in and a couple of bites of his carrot, Bugs pulls down the Merrie Melodies title screen like it is a shade.

Plot
Instead of Elmer Fudd, Bugs is hunted by a dog named Willoughby, but the dog falls for every trap Bugs sets for him until they both fall off a cliff at the end.

Voice cast

 * Mel Blanc as Bugs Bunny
 * Kent Rogers as Willoughby the Dog

Home media
This cartoon appears in restored form on the DVD Looney Tunes Golden Collection: Volume 2. It is also included, unrestored, on Looney Tunes Golden Collection: Volume 3 as part of the 1990 TV special ''What's Up Doc? A Salute to Bugs Bunny''.

Original ending
This is the cartoon that led to Avery leaving Warner Bros. and moving to MGM. The final gag of this cartoon originally had Bugs and Willoughby falling off three cliffs, with Bugs telling the audience "Well! Here we go again!" during the second and third trip down. Schlesinger intervened for reasons that are not known with certainty.

It has been claimed that Bugs' line was "Hold on to your hats, folks. Here we go again!", referring to a dirty joke that was then in circulation. However, this line does not appear in the film's dialogue transcript; a similar line had been used in Daffy Duck and Egghead (1938, coincidentally also directed by Avery) where Daffy Duck tells the audience, "Hold your seats, folks, here we go again!" just before launching into his own take on The Merry-Go-Round Broke Down. Another story is that Schlesinger feared that Tex Avery had killed off Bugs Bunny by ending the cartoon with Bugs and Willoughby falling off the second cliff without a clear indication of whether or not the two survived.

According to Martha Sigall, Schlesinger found the second fall to be repetitious and objected to its inclusion on those grounds. He instructed Avery to cut it, but Avery insisted that it should remain. Schlesinger simply overruled him as the boss. Karl F. Cohen suggests that Schlesinger found inappropriate an ending which suggests that Bugs gets killed. From Schlesinger's point of view the dispute was over his right to do as he pleased with the films he was paying for. From Avery's point of view, the dispute was over artistic interference.

The film was edited so that the characters only fall off a cliff once. After Bugs and Willoughby fall through the sky in a lengthy sequence, they "put on the brakes" and make a soft, feet-first landing on the ground. Bugs says to the audience, "N'yah, fooled you, didn't we?!" The dog follows with, "Yeah!" just as the cartoon fades out. Willoughby's line and the fade out to the end card are usually cut in TV versions (mostly those shown on the Ted Turner-owned cable networks TBS, TNT, Cartoon Network, and Boomerang) to cover up the fact that the cartoon had been edited in such an abrupt manner prior to release in theaters.

Avery was angry, and walked out of the studio. He was promptly suspended for four weeks with no pay. On July 2, 1941, the quarrel was reported in an article for The Hollywood Reporter. During his suspension, Avery was hired by Jerry Fairbanks at Paramount Pictures where he directed the first three Speaking of Animals shorts and later left for MGM.

title: The Heckling Hare


text:
Provisional Committee of the State Duma

The Provisional Committee of the State Duma (Временный Комитет Государственной Думы) was a special government body established on March 12, 1917 (27 February O.S.) by the Fourth State Duma deputies at the outbreak of the February Revolution in the same year. It was formed under the jurisdiction of the Russian Provisional Government, established immediately after the abdication of Nicholas II.

The committee declared itself the governing body of Russian Empire, but competed for power with the Petrograd Soviet, which was created on the same day. The Government of Golitzine as the Council of Ministers of Russian Empire retreated to the Admiralty building. The committee of the State Duma appointed 24 commissars to head various state ministries replacing the Imperial Government. According to Milyukov Chkheidze never participated in the work of the committee.

On March 15 (March 2 O.S.) the committee and the Petrograd Soviet agreed to create the Provisional Government. Many members of the committee went on to serve in the Provisional Government, while the committee continued to play an insignificant role until the Fourth Duma was dissolved on September 19 (September 6 O.S.).

title: Provisional Committee of the State Duma


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Pilot valve

A pilot valve is a small valve that controls a limited-flow control feed to a separate piloted valve. Typically, this separate valve controls a high pressure or high flow feed. Pilot valves are useful because they allow a small and easily operated feed to control a much higher pressure or higher flow feed, which would otherwise require a much larger force to operate; indeed, this is even useful when a solenoid is used to operate the valve.

Pilot valves are often used in critical applications (e.g., emergency and SIS controls) and are human-operated. They can be set up as a push-to-activate or dead man's switch.

title: Pilot valve


text:
Johann Andreas Segner

Johann Andreas von Segner (Segner János András, Johann Andreas von Segner, Ján Andrej Segner, Iohannes Andreas de Segner; October 9, 1704 – October 5, 1777) was a Hungarian scientist. He was born in the Kingdom of Hungary, in the former Hungarian capital city of Pozsony, or Pressburg (today Bratislava).

Early life and education
Johann Segner was born to Johann Michael von Segner and his wife Christine von Segner (née Fischer) on probably the 10 October 1704. Other sources mention also the 4 or the 9 October. His father was a tax clerk. His paternal ancestors came from Styria to Pressburg in the Kingdom of Hungary; by the 18th century. In 1596 the family was granted nobility for their military accomplishments by Rudolph II. He studied at Pressburg and Debrecen. In April 1725, Segner began studying at the University of Jena. Under the guidance of Georg Erhard Hamberger, Segner developed an evidence for the cartesian rule of signs. In his third year at Jena, he began to teach other students in mathematics. During his stay in Jena, he was supported by Hermann Friedrich Teichmeyer, who lectured at the faculty of medicine. In October 1729, he graduated under Simon Paul Hirscher from the faculty of medicine. Following he returned to Pressburg where he worked as a medic until December 1731. Following he worked temporarily as the city physician in Debrecen until early 1732. In 1732 he returned to Jena where he requested a degree from the faculty of philosophy and also the possibility to give lectures in the faculty of philosophy. He graduated in May 1732 he began to lecture in 1733. In September the same year he was nominated a professor in the faculty of philosophy where he soon lectured the metaphysics of Christian Wolff.

University of Göttingen
The University in Göttingen was established after a visit by George II to Hanover in 1732. After Hamberger was denied his resignation from the University of Jena, he suggested von Segner instead. 1735 Segner became the professor of mathematics and physics at the University of Göttingen. As in January 1736 the professor for medicine died, he also lectured in the faculty of medicine.

University of Halle
After Christian Wolff died, the Prussian King Friedrich II requested from the mathematician Leonhard Euler advice on who could be succeed Wolff at the University of Halle. Euler suggested Daniel Bernoulli who did not accept. Then Euler suggested von Segner, who requested the recognition of his Hungarian title and an extraordinary treatment at the university in return of his acceptance. In 1755 he became a professor at Halle, where he divided the lectures in mathematics and physics with Johann Joachim Lange. In Halle he also established an observatory. Von Segner died on the 5 October 1777.

Connections
One of the best-known scientists of his age, Segner was a member of the academies of Berlin, London, and Saint Petersburg. According to Mathematics Genealogy Project, as of February 2013, he has over 66 thousand academic descendants, out of the total 170 thousand mathematicians in the database.

Contributions
He was the first scientist to use the reactive force of water and constructed the first water-jet, the Segner wheel, which resembles one type of modern lawn sprinkler. Segner, also produced the first proof of Descartes' rule of signs. Historians of science remember him as the father of the water turbine. The lunar crater Segner is named after him, as is asteroid 28878 Segner.

Personal life
In 1732, he married Carolina Sophia, the daughter of Hermann Friedrich Teichmeier. They had three children of which two reached adulthood.

Works in modern edition

 * Johann Andreas Segner, Specimen logicae universaliter demonstratae (1740) edited with an introduction by Mirella Capozzi, Bologna: CLUEB, 1990.

title: Johann Andreas Segner


text:
Bentheim-Lingen

Bentheim-Lingen was a county seated in Lingen in Germany. Bentheim-Lingen emerged as a partition of Bentheim-Tecklenburg in 1450, and was absorbed by Spain in 1555. Over the next century, ownership of Bentheim-Lingen passed between Spain and Nassau-Orange, before being annexed by Prussia 1702.

Counts of Bentheim-Lingen (1450–1555)

 * Otto (1450–1508) with...
 * Nicholas III (Count of Bentheim-Tecklenburg) (1493–1508)
 * Nicholas IV (1508–1541)
 * Conrad (Count of Bentheim-Tecklenburg) (1541–1547)
 * Maximilian (1547–1548)
 * Anna (1548–1555)

title: Bentheim-Lingen


text:
Talk:Vincent Persichetti

Most influential?
Query "…one of the major figures in music of the 20th century…" I do not deny Persichetti's influence in America (about which I know little, and which I can well believe to be considerable). However, I'm fairly sure his music is not big in Europe (I've never encountered any in performance — my loss, perhaps, and the article has piqued my curiosity). I would like to see it made more explicit that his influence is mainly in America, or alternatively would like to see the claims for his global significance made more convincingly and be shown in more detail what that influence was. --RobertG ♬ talk 11:54, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * Unfortunately, you are correct. His influence is primarily felt within the borders of the United States, though even here I am not aware of many composers who draw heavily from him as an influence. Perhaps this is less true in the piano world, though, given his numerous compositions for the piano. I would not know; I play bassoon, not piano. Nonetheless, I would consider taking that part down completely unless somebody can provide a good reference suporting that point.
 * On another note, where can I find a recording of the Parable for bassoon? I recently acquired a copy and find the rythms too unusual to play without a recording to check them against. I usually listen to a recording of a piece beforehand anyway, but with this piece it is a must. NightfyreX 17:08, 3 July 2007 (UTC)

 * Even in the United States he is a name know mostly to "insiders." A few composers and conductors. I have read his book but have not heard a piece by him for over 25 years. Gingermint (talk) 23:52, 20 August 2010 (UTC)

 * I was in choir in high school in the 80's - we performed a number of vocal works by Vincent Persichetti. Imagine my surprise to be singing music written by my father's mentor.  I also attended a concert conducted by Mr. Persichetti at ASU.  I assure you, ask many musicians and they will know instantly who Persichetti is.Rowan37 (talk) 03:28, 2 September 2010 (UTC)Rowan37
 * I don't think such a test would pass muster. However strong his compositions are, or his ideas on music theory, I'm afraid the 'influence' he had was on his students; I've yet to find a single player who knew his name when I mentioned him. But that goes for many, many composers. 50.111.19.34 (talk) 06:25, 11 December 2021 (UTC)

 * If by "ASU" you mean Ain Shams University, Egypt, Altai State University, Russia, Aichi Sangyo University or Aichi Shukutoku University in Japan, then this would indicate an international presence. But if you mean American Sentinel University, Angelo State University, or some other US school with those initials, then you are only reinforcing the point that Persichetti is known in the US, but not abroad. The original doubt about whether Persichetti is "one of the major figures" of the 20th century, from five years ago now, of course hinges on just such issues. If a composer was well-known in the 1950s and 60s in, say, Albania, does that make her a "major figure"? How do you measure the comparative significance of a figure whose name is recognized by 23% of the combined population of Germany, Peru, and Viet Nam, as opposed to another who is familiar to 39% of the inhabitants of Guatemala, Italy, and South Africa? Should "major figures" comprise a list of only 20 names, or 2,000? The usual criterion on Wikipedia is that, if a source can be found that declares Persichetti to be "one of the major figures in music of the 20th century", then he may be declared to be one, with that source cited. Otherwise, the discussion here is not really relevant to the content of this article.—Jerome Kohl (talk) 04:36, 2 September 2010 (UTC)

note on source addition
Added external link to liner notes, and for full disclosure I work for the non-profit educational resource linked to. The notes provide reference for several facts in this article.Ribbonabaca (talk) 19:00, 27 May 2010 (UTC)

Some Fixes but This Article Needs More
There was a long list of people he taught. I cut it down to only the famous people he taught. If one were to include just the people he taught who have Wikipedia pages the list would probably be even more gigantic than it was when I found it. I fixed a few bits of grammar here and there and altered some weird sentences or eliminated them. What I have done, though, is just wound dressing. The article could use a serious re-write. Also, it could REALLY use some research. There are all sorts of statements made here that are not supported. Most of the article is based on nothing I can discern. It may all be true but how can I know? Was his opera a flop? Who says? I added a bit that it was critics who deemed it so (that makes sense!) but that was really disingenuous of me. I was just guessing in the face of a gaping void. Gingermint (talk) 00:00, 21 August 2010 (UTC)
 * It also needs in-line citations to the New Grove material, such as the 'graceful and gritty' remark. Bad show, editor who was responsible.  50.111.19.34 (talk) 06:43, 11 December 2021 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Vincent Persichetti


text:
User:Brumburger

Birmingham, UK.

title: User:Brumburger


text:
Talk:E-poetry

I think iterature should be removed: It is not just e-poetry, though some of it is. Perhaps a selection from this interesting page should be made. As it is, some-one thinking s/he'll get e-poetry winds up wading through a number of slow-loading links, only a few of which even might be called e-poetry.

Duplicate pages: there is a page titled Digital poetry which deals with the same content. I think E-poetry is by far the more common term, (although it's possible there's some subtle diffference betweeen the 2 terms). I'm sure the two pages need merging but am not confident to achieve it myself. Sarah the poet 13:37, 24 October 2005 (UTC)

"Electronic" is not the same as "digital". Electronic poetry could be done with non-digital technology. But, also, the term "e-poetry" is associated with a particular American school of poetry whereas "digital poetry" has wider association outside of the USA. Also, as noted in the e-poetry article itself, the term 'e-poetry' has been, to some degree, superceded by the term 'digital poetry'. I don't think the articles should be merged. They should play out their different fates.

- I agree that, though the term "digital poetry" has increasing currency, "e-poetry" usefully marks the first phase of what now seems a border crossing practice, and is sometimes grouped under the broader term "new media".

ad?
The gift of poetry stuff seems questionable as e-poetry. In any case, it seems like it's an ad that's been snuck in (with the same link twice). Shouldn't this eithe be eliminated or at least cut down so that it doesn't take up so much of the short article? Kdammers 10:32, 22 August 2006 (UTC)

The latest link
sems to have too much non e-p stuff. I think it should either be removed or a more detailed ref should be given. Kdammers 05:59, 20 February 2007 (UTC)

title: Talk:E-poetry


text:
Talk:The Transformed Man

Charles Bud Dant
Does anybody own a copy of the album and can confirm that Charles Bud Dant is really the producer? The allmusic.com entry of the album lists him as the "executive producer" but despite sounding similar that is a much different position. —Preceding unsigned comment added by Lairor (talk • contribs) 20:28, 23 March 2006 (UTC)

 * Producer was Don Ralke. I have updated the Infobox album. HairyWombat (talk) 23:56, 14 November 2009 (UTC)

Spleen
Article credits a "Fred Devenport" as the writer on this tract. Did he write the music? The poem he is reciting is a fairly literal translation of Charles Baudelaire's Spleen, which in the original French goes:

Quand le ciel bas et lourd pèse comme un couvercle Sur l'esprit gémissant en proie aux longs ennuis, Et que de l'horizon embrassant tout le cercle Il nous verse un jour noir plus triste que les nuits;

Quand la terre est changée en un cachot humide, Où l'Espérance, comme une chauve-souris, S'en va battant les murs de son aile timide  Et se cognant la tête à des plafonds pourris;

Quand la pluie étalant ses immenses traînées D'une vaste prison imite les barreaux, Et qu'un peuple muet d'infâmes araignées Vient tendre ses filets au fond de nos cerveaux,

Des cloches tout à coup sautent avec furie Et lancent vers le ciel un affreux hurlement, Ainsi que des esprits errants et sans patrie Qui se mettent à geindre opiniâtrement.

-Et de longs corbillards, sans tambours ni musique, Défilent lentement dans mon âme; l'Espoir, Vaincu, pleure, et l'Angoisse atroce, despotique, Sur mon crâne incliné plante son drapeau noir.

— Smerdis of Tlön 19:39, 1 August 2006 (UTC)

Did Shatner's album have any "Value"?
Ok, so I was a very geeky kid in Jr. High School in 1968. and I loved Star Trek, so I bought the so-called "worst album ever produced". Even then it was obvious to me that this was not a great musical production.

But I did listen to it, many times, and it did have one redeeming value. It got me turned on to Shakespeare. William Shatner's Transformed Man made Shakespeare sound intersting and exciting to me. I started reading Shakespeare after that. The album gave me a great gift, and have therefore never regretted buying the "worst album ever".

I hope it had the same effect on others, but even if it didn't, at least one kid got something real and valuable from it. I'd say the ablum has value on that basis.

Is is easy to poo-poo something, but that doesn't always make it worthless.

BigBear427 (talk) 07:06, 19 May 2010 (UTC)

 * "Hear, hear!" The album has immortal value: we know about it.  It's campy, it's priceless.  Long live The Transformed Man! Doc9871 (talk) 03:49, 20 May 2010 (UTC)

Redeemed Value
For 99% of humanity, this album is pure schlock, drek. For a select few, the album makes sense. Read Shatner's books. He explains why he made it, and why he did what he did. He genuinely meant well, as he did with HAS BEEN and Fear of Pop, but opposed to Seeking Major Tom which is fully intended to be what many perceive this album to be, drek. The Transformed Man is Shatner's attempt to be "Beat" Kerouac style, poetic, avaunt garde, post modern, cerebral, and even intellectual. This was his "Howl" ala Ginsberg, his "Jazz of the Beat Generation" ala Kerouac.

Anyone listening to this album today is hearing it out-of-context. You're missing the Summer of Love, the popular culture of 1968, Vietnam, the Hippies, etc. To listen to this album today is like watching a silent movie. You could, but you'd rather not. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 75.43.18.19 (talk) 03:40, 8 December 2011 (UTC)

Transformed Man original language/author
The liner notes credit Frank Davenport with translating "The Transformed Man", but I can't seem to find any reference to the source material. Does anyone out there know? Frank? — Preceding unsigned comment added by Jhughescmoc (talk • contribs) 13:24, 21 September 2012 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:The Transformed Man


text:
Wikipedia:Irish Wikipedians' notice board/Irish featured article drive

[ Purge server cache]

The basic idea behind this is to improve Irish articles to featured article (FA) status. It is medium term in its aims - there is no time frame or any specific topics. An article can be added as long as at least one person is actively working on it with the intention of bringing it to FA status.

Articles in Peer Review
See:Irish Wikipedians' notice board/Peer review

Articles on FAC
see Irish Wikipedians' notice board/featured articles


text:
User:Nightstallion/european integration process (by type)

(23):

 * countries in negotiations for membership (2) — 🇮🇸, 🇹🇷
 * candidate countries (3) — 🇲🇰, 🇲🇪, 🇷🇸
 * applied for membership (1) — 🇦🇱
 * wants to join (5) — 🇧🇦,, Kosovo, 🇲🇩, 🇺🇦
 * could join (2) — 🇳🇴, 🇨🇭
 * not yet (10) — 🇦🇩, 🇦🇲, 🇦🇿, 🇧🇾, 🇰🇿, 🇱🇮, 🇲🇨, 🇷🇺, 🇸🇲, 🇻🇦

€ — Euro (28):

 * ERM II, could join (1) — 🇩🇰
 * non-ERM II, to join (6) — 🇧🇬, 🇭🇷, 🇨🇿, 🇭🇺, 🇵🇱, 🇷🇴
 * non-ERM II, could join (2) — 🇸🇪, 🇬🇧
 * unilaterally adopted (2) — Kosovo, 🇲🇪
 * not yet (17) — 🇦🇱, 🇦🇲, 🇦🇿, 🇧🇾, 🇧🇦,, 🇮🇸, 🇰🇿, 🇱🇮, 🇲🇰, 🇲🇩, 🇳🇴, 🇷🇺, 🇷🇸, 🇨🇭, 🇹🇷, 🇺🇦

Schengen (25):

 * to start negotiations/de facto (1): 🇻🇦
 * de facto (3): 🇦🇩, 🇲🇨, 🇸🇲
 * to join later (4) — 🇧🇬, 🇭🇷, 🇨🇾, 🇷🇴
 * could join (2) — 🇮🇪, 🇬🇧
 * not yet (15) — 🇦🇱, 🇦🇲, 🇦🇿, 🇧🇾, 🇧🇦,, 🇰🇿, Kosovo, 🇲🇰, 🇲🇩, 🇲🇪, 🇷🇺, 🇷🇸, 🇹🇷, 🇺🇦

Unified Patent Court (27):

 * signed, but not applying fully (1): 🇮🇹
 * not signed, but applying (1): 🇵🇱
 * not signed (2): 🇭🇷, 🇪🇸
 * non-EU members (23) — 🇦🇱, 🇦🇩, 🇦🇲, 🇦🇿, 🇧🇾, 🇧🇦,, 🇮🇸, 🇰🇿, Kosovo, 🇱🇮, 🇲🇰, 🇲🇩, 🇲🇨, 🇲🇪, 🇳🇴, 🇷🇺, 🇸🇲, 🇷🇸, 🇨🇭, 🇹🇷, 🇺🇦, 🇻🇦

European Union Divorce Law Pact (35):

 * not participating (12): 🇭🇷, 🇨🇾, 🇨🇿, 🇩🇰, 🇪🇪, 🇫🇮, 🇬🇷, 🇮🇪, 🇳🇱, 🇵🇱, 🇸🇰, 🇸🇪, 🇬🇧
 * non-EU members (23) — 🇦🇱, 🇦🇩, 🇦🇲, 🇦🇿, 🇧🇾, 🇧🇦,, 🇮🇸, 🇰🇿, Kosovo, 🇱🇮, 🇲🇰, 🇲🇩, 🇲🇨, 🇲🇪, 🇳🇴, 🇷🇺, 🇸🇲, 🇷🇸, 🇨🇭, 🇹🇷, 🇺🇦, 🇻🇦

Council of Europe (4)

 * permanent observer (1) — 🇻🇦
 * not yet (3) — 🇧🇾, 🇰🇿, Kosovo

World Trade Organization (10):

 * in bilateral market access negotiations (4) — 🇦🇩, 🇧🇾, 🇧🇦, 🇰🇿
 * before bilateral market access negotiations (2) — 🇦🇿, 🇷🇸
 * permanent observer (1) — 🇻🇦
 * non-observers (3) — Kosovo, 🇲🇨, 🇸🇲

European Space Agency (31):

 * joining (2) — 🇪🇪, 🇭🇺
 * signed PECS (2) — 🇱🇻, 🇸🇮
 * signed ECS (3) — 🇧🇬, 🇱🇹, 🇸🇰
 * signed Cooperation Agreement (4) — 🇨🇾, 🇲🇹, 🇺🇦 (🇮🇱)
 * not yet: EU members (1) — 🇭🇷
 * not yet: others (20) — 🇦🇱, 🇦🇩, 🇦🇲, 🇦🇿, 🇧🇾, 🇧🇦,, 🇮🇸, 🇰🇿, Kosovo, 🇱🇮, 🇲🇰, 🇲🇩, 🇲🇨, 🇲🇪, 🇷🇺, 🇸🇲, 🇷🇸, 🇹🇷, 🇻🇦

International Criminal Court — Rome Statute (10):

 * signed and in process of ratification (4) — 🇲🇨, 🇷🇺, 🇺🇦
 * signed (1) — 🇦🇲
 * in process of ratification (2) — 🇦🇿, 🇹🇷
 * permanent observer (1) — 🇻🇦
 * not yet (3) — 🇧🇾, 🇰🇿, Kosovo

International Criminal Court — Agreement on Privileges and Immunities (13−1):

 * signed (1) — 🇨🇭
 * permanent observer (1) — 🇻🇦
 * not yet (2) — 🇲🇩, 🇸🇲
 * not yet ratified Rome Statute (9−1) — 🇦🇲, 🇦🇿, 🇧🇾, 🇰🇿, Kosovo, 🇲🇨, 🇷🇺, 🇹🇷, 🇺🇦 (ALREADY RATIFIED APIC!)


text:
Wikipedia:Peer review/June 2005

This page contains the Peer review requests that are older than one month, are not signed, or did not follow the "How to use this page" principles in some way. If one of your requests has been moved here by mistake, please accept our apologies and copy it back to the main Peer review page with your signature ( ~ ).

title: Wikipedia:Peer review/June 2005


text:
Talk:Modal (textile)

[Comment of May 2008]
Put a warning out about this material!!! Modal can cause serious allergic reactions in certain people. Consumers should be able to find out about the risks involved with the fabric. Don't let more people face confusion or distress over not knowing what is causing their rashes!!! —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.160.156.15 (talk) 05:35, 4 May 2008 (UTC)

Do not delete this article: I found it very helpful!

Don't delete
I found this article helpful as well. My parents bought me a shirt made with modal, and I was curious about the fabric. I'm positive that this incident happens thousands of times every day, and to delete this article would be a great disservice to the english speaking world. I vote keep.

I agree. I have lots of things made from this fabric and I was very interested to learn more about it. If you want to merge it with the rayon article, that's fine, but at least have some kind of redirect so people can find the information. I found it helpful and interesting. 192.54.250.11 (talk) 20:17, 14 December 2012 (UTC)

People need to be aware that Modal is commonly used in underwear which can cause severe reactions. Lasenza uses 95% Modal which I just realized. Many people who have vaginal itching and problems not associated with an STD, could be allergic to Modal or have a sensitivity. People need to be educated. 06.21.19

More info please
Is there a way to add information about the potential allergic reactions to Modal? I recently bought some Jockey underwear with modal in it, a new popular 'natural' fabric. I had a severe allergic reaction, but there was no warning about it on the package. I'm not the only one- as this website shows: http://dld123.com/q&a/index.php?cid=43 I haven't been able to find any research about it, but maybe that's why BB & B discontinued it. I've sent a complaint to the consumer protection agency. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 67.160.156.15 (talk) 04:07, 15 November 2007 (UTC)

Closed deletion listing
This article was listed for deletion on 26 May, 2005. The discussion was closed with the result of keep. This article will not be deleted. You can view the discussion, which is no longer live: Votes_for_deletion/Modal (textile). --Tony Sidaway|Talk 18:48, 9 Jun 2005 (UTC)

The Modal sheets are still running at the end of 09'at BB&B. There must not have any other complaints or they would have removed them from the store and not expanded the line to 3 more offerings and toweling. Perhaps those persons were more sensitive to other things in their enviroments.Aludite (talk) 23:46, 23 October 2009 (UTC)

Remove retail store reference?
I think the line about the kind of sheets available at Bed Bath & Beyond should be removed. It's so specific that it's almost an ad. Jennifer Brooks 06:38, 10 August 2006 (UTC)

--Comment-- Why bother until B,B&B has a competitor in this product ? It sounds like this material should be ENCOURAGED, not discouraged. The ubiquitous Wal-Mart offers men's socks of Modal. If anyone else does, delete this, otherwise not, even if it is WM.

The reference to BB&B was relevent because BB&B was almost the only US store where such sheets were available. However, as of July 2007, it looks like they're phasing their modal sheets out. Can anyone confirm this? 207.31.229.4 20:52, 23 July 2007 (UTC)

I bought some modal sheets from BB&B years ago, but when I was last there, I couldn't find them anymore. (I'll admit I didn't try all that hard.) I would like to get some more, there or elsewhere. I think that at the very least the disambiguation page should point to wherever the modal info ends up. -- [Anon user:parl] 06:20, 3 February 2009 (UTC)

 * Right now the article reads more like an advertisement for retail outlets' modal items. The whole section listing every store and product available should be reduced to something like "Modal is becoming increasingly popular with American retailers." --NEMT (talk) 15:38, 11 May 2008 (UTC)

Lots of retailers have modal sheets and clothing. It's becoming more common. --Dante Alighieri | Talk 17:47, 28 May 2008 (UTC)

This looks more and more like an ad for clothing made by Modal textiles. I vote for we delete the commersial part and merge the article with Rayon. --Langbein Rise (talk) 19:34, 11 February 2009 (UTC)

Could Use a Criticism Section
Others have complained of allergic reactions, but no one has mentioned how loathsome this stuff feels. The article claims it is "softer than mercerized cotton", but it doesn't mention that it also feels like a particularly nasty synthetic. After inadvertently trying a towel made mostly of this stuff I wanted to take another shower. It made my skin crawl. Enon (talk) 01:11, 19 June 2012 (UTC)

Speak for yourself! I have several items of sleepwear made of modal, and they are my absolute favorites. They have no odor at all, they are very soft and EXTREMELY comfortable, and none of them have produced any sort of allergic reaction whatsoever -- and that's after YEARS of use. It couldn't be as bad as you say unless everybody who bought it had your experience, but judging from how well it sells, that clearly is not the case. If some people don't like it or have allergies, etc., that's too bad for them, but just as many (if not more) of us LOVE the stuff. If you don't like it, don't buy it; more for me!192.54.250.11 (talk) 20:12, 14 December 2012 (UTC)

=Yes, I find it comfortable and soft, not loatrhsome. Jabberwoch (talk) 17:11, 21 September 2013 (UTC)

Reference Link is broke
Hi. I tried clicking the reference link and was taken to http://cameo.mfa.org/materials/record.asp?key=2170&subkey=6142&Search=Search&MaterialName=modal+fiber&submit.x=0&submit.y=0 which is a broken link. I went on that site though and found the article that it was trying to reference. The link should now be:

http://cameo.mfa.org/wiki/Modal_fiber

I tried to change it but could not figure out how :( so someone with more wikipedia editing skills, perhaps they could make the change. Thanks! — Preceding unsigned comment added by 76.31.201.4 (talk) 14:16, 9 August 2013 (UTC)

title: Talk:Modal (textile)


text:
R v Sault Ste-Marie (City of)

R v Sault Ste-Marie (City of) [1978] 2 SCR 1299 is a Supreme Court of Canada case where the Court defines the three types of offences that exist in Canadian criminal law and further defines the justification for "public welfare" offences.

Background
The city of Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario, hired Cherokee Disposal to dispose of the city's waste. The city built a disposal site 20 feet from a stream which, when filled by the disposal company, resulted in waste seeping into the stream. The city was charged with discharging, or permitting to be discharged, refuse into the public waterways causing pollution pursuant to section 32(1) of the Ontario Water Resources Act.

The issue before the court was whether the city's offence should be classified as strict liability or absolute liability. The Court of Appeal for Ontario held that the charge required proof of mens rea, which on the facts would acquit the defendant.

Reasoning
In the judgement written by Justice Dickson, the Court recognized three categories of offences:

 * 1) True Crimes: Offences that require some state of mind (mens rea) as an element of the crime. These offences are usually implied by the use of language within the charge such as "knowingly", "willfully", or "intentionally".
 * 2) Strict Liability: Offences that do not require the proof of mens rea.  The act alone is punishable. The duty is on the accused to have acted as a reasonable person and has a defence of reasonable mistake of fact (a due diligence defence). The Court stated that the due diligence defence "will be available if the accused reasonably believed in a mistaken set of facts which, if true, would render the act or omission innocent, or if he took all reasonable steps to avoid the particular event. These offences may properly be called offences of strict liability." The reason for this is that the Court described a need for a class of offence that had a lower standard to convict than True Crimes but was not as harsh as Absolute Liability offences. As opposed to the first category of offences in which the accused is presumed innocent, offences of strict liability presses a presumption of negligence on the accused. The burden of proving that the accused acted as a diligent person rests on his shoulders and must be demonstrated by preponderance of evidence.
 * 3)  Absolute Liability: Similar to Strict Liability, these offences do not require proof of mens rea either. However, the accused has no defences available.

To distinguish between these types the Court examines:
 * [t]he overall regulatory pattern adopted by the legislature, the subject matter of the legislation, the importance of the penalty and the precision of the language used will be primary considerations in determining whether the offence falls into the third category.

The Court then noted that the dumping offences were of a public welfare nature and were from a provincial statute, thus, were Strict Liability offences and do not require mens rea.

title: R v Sault Ste-Marie (City of)


text:
2006 FIBA World Championship

The 2006 FIBA World Championship was the 15th FIBA World Championship, the international basketball world championship for men's national teams. The tournament was hosted by Japan and held from 19 August to 3 September 2006. It was co-organised by the International Basketball Federation (FIBA), Japan Basketball Association (JABBA) and the 2006 Organising Committee.

For the first time since 1986, the World Championship was contested by 24 nations, eight more than in 2002. As a result, group rounds were conducted in four cities, with the knockout rounds being hosted by Saitama City.

Spain won the tournament by beating Greece 70–47 in the championship final. Spain won all nine games they played. Spain's gold medal in this tournament was the first medal Spain had ever won in a FIBA World Championship. Pau Gasol also became the first Spaniard to win the MVP award. It was the first time a country has won all nine of its games since 1994 when the United States won all nine games and took the gold medal home. The bronze medal was won by the United States, who defeated Argentina, 96–81, in the third place game, after a semi-finals loss to Greece. Up to 2019, including the 2014 tournament, it has been the only tournament where neither Yugoslavia or the USA have reached the final. The 2006 tournament marked the final appearance of Serbia and Montenegro as they broke up into the independent nations of Serbia and Montenegro after a successful independence referendum in Montenegro in May.

Seventeen years after the 2006 edition, Japan once again hosted the FIBA World Championships, now called the World Cup in 2023 in Okinawa along with the Philippines and Indonesia.

Qualification
There were 24 teams taking part in the 2006 World Cup of Basketball.
 * Host nation: 1 berth
 * 2004 Summer Olympics: 12 teams competing for 1 berth, removed from that country's FIBA zone
 * FIBA Africa: 12 teams competing for 3 berths
 * FIBA Oceania: 2 teams competing for 2 berths
 * FIBA Americas: 10 teams competing for 4 berths
 * FIBA Asia: 16 teams competing for 3 berths
 * FIBA Europe: 16 teams competing for 6 berths
 * Wild card: 4 berths

Squads
At the start of tournament, all 24 participating countries had 12 players on their roster.

Competing nations
The following national teams competed:

Japan qualified as the host country, and Italy, Puerto Rico, Serbia and Montenegro, and Turkey gained FIBA wild-card invitations. Argentina qualified as the champion of the 2004 Olympics. The remaining 18 countries qualified through their continents' qualifying tournaments (six from Europe, four from the Americas, three from each of Asia and Africa and two from Oceania).

The draw for the 2006 World Championship was held in Tokyo on 15 January 2006. In the preliminary rounds, Group A played at Sendai, Group B at Hiroshima, Group C at Hamamatsu and Group D at Sapporo. The Medal Rounds were played at Saitama.

Group A
Venue: Sendai Gymnasium, Sendai

19 August 2006

20 August 2006

21 August 2006

23 August 2006

24 August 2006

Group B
Venue: Hiroshima Green Arena, Hiroshima

19 August 2006

20 August 2006

21 August 2006

23 August 2006

24 August 2006

Group C
Venue: Hamamatsu Arena, Hamamatsu

19 August 2006

20 August 2006

22 August 2006

23 August 2006

24 August 2006

Group D
Venue: Sapporo Arena, Sapporo

19 August 2006

20 August 2006

22 August 2006

23 August 2006

24 August 2006

Knockout stage
Venue: Saitama Super Arena, Saitama

Final
Since the inaugural competition in 1950 the five competing countries for the title had always been two of Argentina, United States, Soviet Union, Brazil and Yugoslavia, one of which always being either United States or Yugoslavia. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Russia took its place in the finals of 1994 and 1998, and after the breakup of Yugoslavia, FR Yugoslavia took its place in the finals of 1998 and 2002. The 2006 final was the first and only one in which none of these five teams competed.

The final was an unexpectedly one-sided affair, with Spain dominating from the beginning and limiting Greece to just 47 points, fewer than the Greeks had scored in any single game in the tournament, and less than half what Greece had scored against the US in the semifinals. Spain won despite having lost power forward Pau Gasol, who was ultimately named the tournament's most valuable player, to injury in a semifinal match against Argentina.

Final standings

 * Teams that were eliminated at the round of 16 are officially tied for 9th.
 * Teams that were 5th at their preliminary rounds are officially tied for 17th.
 * Teams that were 6th at their preliminary rounds are officially tied for 21st.

All-Tournament Team

 * 🇪🇸 Pau Gasol
 * 🇪🇸 Jorge Garbajosa
 * 🇺🇸 Carmelo Anthony
 * 🇦🇷 Manu Ginóbili
 * 🇬🇷 Theodoros Papaloukas

Referees
For the World Championship, FIBA selected 40 professional referees.

Sponsorship
• McDonald's

title: 2006 FIBA World Championship


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Urban75

 This page is an archive of the proposed deletion of the article below. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page, if it exists; or after the end of this archived section. The result of the debate was keep - Mailer Diablo 2 July 2005 17:13 (UTC)

Urban75
The subject of a seemingly endless revert war, is this really worth keeping? Smileyrepublic 14:46, 23 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * This article was listed for deletion earlier this month. The deletion discussion was closed here ten days before this nomination, and the result was keep.

 * Abstain (for now). How popular is this site? Is the user community as large as say Something Awful or the Straight Dope Message Board? A website has to show some serious notability to be included in the Wikipedia, and after a cursory look at the site I see a lot of activity going on, and 190,000 Google hits is nothing to shake a stick at. Also, we have to consider that if it has a really large user base, this article is likely just going to keep getting re-created, especially if people are already warring over it. — Ливай | ☺ 15:54, 23 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep as per Mgm below. — Ливай | ☺ 03:04, 24 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Alexa rank ~64,000. (For comparison, the sites mentioned above have a rank better than 7000.)  A large portion of the Google hits come from the site, blogs, or from/about unrelated sites of similar names (urban75.org, urban75.net).  --Xcali
 * Comment - urban75.org and urban75.net are part of the same site. Smileyrepublic 16:31, 23 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment - As I said on the previous VfD, Emotion Eric, which also has an entry on WP, has an Alexa rank of 98,544, much much lower than Urban75. Should that be therefore deleted too? Thenugga 22:17, 23 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep. This is a perfectly good article about an encyclopedic website.  It's difficult to take a second nomination seriously when it's barely a week after the first was closed.   If there were an "endless revert war", this suggests that the article should be protected, not destroyed. As it happens, there doesn't seem to be significantly more revert warring than on comparable articles. However, the nominator, User:Smileyrepublic, seems to have been engaged in a pointless edit war in the past day or two.  I'm issuing a warning to him to stop.  He's gone way over the 3RR, and I've issued a formal (final) warning on his user talk page.  --Tony Sidaway|Talk 20:56, 23 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Examples of Urban 75 in the news:
 * Guardian October 28, 2004
 * Guardian, May 13, 2004
 * BBC News Brian Paddick story
 * Keep. I'll assume good faith and think the nominator was unaware of the previous vfd. But I don't see how another discussion is warranted so short after the earlier vfd. - Mgm|(talk) 21:16, Jun 23, 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep per TonySideway. Falphin 00:52, 24 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy Keep for integrity of process -- renomination too soon. Xoloz 04:13, 24 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment: wasn't this page on VfD short time ago (and survived)? Pavel Vozenilek 02:07, 25 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Speedy keep. Renominated 10 days after we decided, 13 to 4 (disregarding sockpuppet/anon votes), that it should be kept.  We should go ahead and speedy-keep this article, before we end up with a flood of vandalism on the VfD like we had last time. --Idont Havaname 23:51, 25 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep; encyclopaedic, survived recent vote. Warofdreams 28 June 2005 09:40 (UTC)

 * ''The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the debate. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be placed on a related article talk page, if one exists; in an undeletion request, if it does not; or below this section.

title: Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Urban75


text:
Talk:Sokoban

Untitled
Enough with the implementations already! Sokoban is probably one of (if not the most) reimplemented puzzle games for computers. Given that most of the generic implementations can be readily googled, I think that having so many external links is pointless. I plan (a) to tidy up the external link section and (b) remove the external links from the variants section, unless someone can present a good reason why I shouldn't.--Malcohol 12:10, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * I'd suggest grouping them, using different levels of bullet points. Really only the most popular implementations should be listed, or at least listed first.  On my Sokoban site (not listed in this article, I'm happy to say) I simply link to someone that maintains a larger list of links, namely Sokosave.  — Lee J Haywood 18:40, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)

 * What about keepin (though maybe organized) all the info together? Future readers just get it all in one place (and no googling: who said google was part of the wikipedia project?). I'd even dream of a place that would complete it with some way to retrieve the referred docs (a bit the way google/yahoo caches do, to mention them). Reasons? The content can't be defeated, may the web change evidences would remain. knowledge & memory. good article & thanks || Zui 15:26, 9 September 2005 (UTC)

 * I made most of the edits I intended to. My worry was that the external links section would end up with a link to almost every implemenation of the game. Considering the article is a short one, this would be inappropriate. Currently the list seems under control, but I will trim it down if it gets out of control again.--Malcohol 17:26, 11 September 2005 (UTC)

Another day, another random sokoban implementation added to the list! Sigh. A suggestion: we create List of Sokoban implementations and let people add their implementation there, where it won't affect the main article. --Malcohol 14:06, 27 October 2005 (UTC)

 * I was thinking of suggesting that same idea, but I'm not aware of any precedence for a list of external links – in this case where those implementations probably wouldn't have their own articles. On the other hand, perhaps we should consider writing articles for individual implementations that are well-known?  Other computer games, not to mention numerous TV series, often get such treatment.   — Lee J Haywood 20:22, 27 October 2005 (UTC)

 * On second thought, an article that I started/designed, WAP access is a list of external links with an explanation for each. I suggest moving the current list from the main article to the new one, then we can all contribute to the new page.   — Lee J Haywood 20:32, 28 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Good stuff. I'm too busy right now to manage this, so if you want to, please go ahead. If no one has made a start on it by next week, I'll do it.--Malcohol 14:25, 29 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Hmmm. I just visited Rogue (computer game) which has a list of "Ports, Clones and Remakes". This seems to work quite well, and might serve for the Sokoban page for now. We might still need a seperate page if the list gets unwealdy.--Malcohol 13:36, 9 November 2005 (UTC). Done --Malcohol 10:25, 9 January 2006 (UTC)

 * I remember making some sokoban-maps for Crossfire_(computer_game) back in 1993. It has the mechanics needed for creating sokoban-like puzzles.  Filik (talk) 15:33, 21 January 2010 (UTC)

Remm'ed variants links
I am trying to squash a spammer, User:Funpcgame, and in the processed noticed your External links. I removed all variants, since that seemed excessive (and aforementioned spammer added himself here). I also suggest paring down the list much further, or it's just bait for spammers. --Storkk 12:54, 8 September 2006 (UTC)

Erim Sever's Web resource
I see there is some to-ing and fro-ing on whether Erim Sever's Sokoban web page is a suitable link for the External Links section. It was originally removed because "The language and the layout quality of the web-site is not good enough". While I agree that the layout and writing are poor, I don't see why that should justify reason for its removal (see External_links). It should rather be judged on its content. I haven't checked the site in detail, but it does look to be quite comprehensive. --Malcohol 13:23, 8 October 2007 (UTC)

Kwirk
There was a "see also" to the game Kwirk here but it was removed. I think that removal was hasty. I appreciate that this page is subject to a lot of spamming by numerous commercial and non-commercial implementations, but interesting Sokoban-like games which have their own Wikipedia page surely deserve to be referenced. --Malcohol (talk) 16:54, 24 March 2009 (UTC)

I made the removal, but on second thought, you're right: it was too hasty; I'm sorry. If "Chip's Challenge" should be listed under "see also", then "Kwirk" should have the same right. I won't object if you put "Kwirk" back on the list. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 62.107.206.120 (talk) 11:57, 10 May 2009 (UTC)

Spelling variations
Is there more information about the correct spelling of this game's name? I see a personal website that shows a literal Romanji translation and the now-official translation. There's also automatic romanji translators that convert it into "soukoban", and other places that indicate a mistranslation as well. The official translation seemed to win, but it's something that can be documented. --Sigma 7 (talk) 21:28, 3 July 2009 (UTC).

free-version
This article being listed in "free games," wouldn't it make sense for (at least) a link in the "external links" section be made to a download of such a game? For example, http://sites.google.com/site/twipley/games; however, the real problem is that most versions seem OS-dependent. Twipley (talk) 01:48, 4 February 2010 (UTC)

 * Actually, the real problem is that this article gets bombarded with links to free and commercial versions of Sokoban, to the extent that it became unusable. The consensus seems to be that no such links should be accommodated. See discussion above. Besides, any decent search engine will link to numerous versions.Malcohol (talk) 18:11, 2 March 2010 (UTC)

 * I think it's worth to gather links to Sokoban clones, especially for the open source ones. We can gather the links in the talk page for the moment. Later we can decide where to save them: at external links or maybe on Wikia. Here two such open source clones:
 * Sokoban YASC, an open source version of the game
 * JSoko, an open source version of the game written in Java
 * —  Ark25  (talk) 20:43, 25 September 2013 (UTC)

Shove it!
Sega Mega Drive have a video game in 1989 for Japanese Version, & 1990 for English Version.--على المزارقه (talk) 17:54, 11 September 2017 (UTC)

UNIX port?
Under "Development":

In 1988 Sokoban was published in US by Spectrum HoloByte for the Commodore 64, IBM-PC, Unix, Commodore Amiga and Apple II series as Soko-Ban.

I'd love to know what UNIX this was ported to in 1988? The link to the specific version by Spectrum Holobyte only lists Commodore 64, DOS, Apple II, and BBC Micro. Maybe some exotic OS for BBC Micro? I have no idea...

Mercster (talk) 17:35, 23 October 2022 (UTC)

on digital cameras
One implementation I know of is on Magic Lantern for some Canon EOS cameras: https://www.magiclantern.fm/forum/index.php?topic=4691.0 Erik Krause (talk) 22:38, 9 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Sokoban


text:
1994 French Open

The 1994 French Open was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France. The tournament was held from 23 May until 5 June. It was the 98th staging of the French Open, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1994.

Men's singles
🇪🇸 Sergi Bruguera defeated 🇪🇸 Alberto Berasategui, 6–3, 7–5, 2–6, 6–1
 * It was Bruguera's 1st title of the year, and his 12th overall. It was his 2nd (and last) career Grand Slam title, and his 2nd French Open title.

Women's singles
🇪🇸 Arantxa Sánchez Vicario defeated 🇫🇷 Mary Pierce, 6–4, 6–4
 * It was Sanchez's 4th title of the year, and her 16th overall. It was her 2nd career Grand Slam title, and her 2nd French Open title.

Men's doubles
Byron Black / 🇺🇸 Jonathan Stark defeated 🇸🇪 Jan Apell / 🇸🇪 Jonas Björkman, 6–4, 7–6

Women's doubles
🇺🇸 Gigi Fernández / 🇧🇾 Natalia Zvereva defeated 🇺🇸 Lindsay Davenport / 🇺🇸 Lisa Raymond, 6–2, 6–2

Mixed doubles
Kristie Boogert / Menno Oosting defeated  Larisa Savchenko-Neiland / 🇷🇺 Andrei Olhovskiy, 7–5, 3–6, 7–5
 * This was Boogert's 1st career Grand Slam title.

Boys' singles
🇪🇸 Jacobo Díaz defeated 🇮🇹 Giorgio Galimberti, 6–3, 7–6

Girls' singles
Martina Hingis defeated 🇨🇦 Sonya Jeyaseelan, 6–3, 6–1

Boys' doubles
🇧🇷 Gustavo Kuerten / 🇪🇨 Nicolás Lapentti defeated 🇫🇷 Maxime Boyé / 🇫🇷 Nicolas Escudé, 6–2, 6–4

Girls' doubles
Martina Hingis / 🇸🇰 Henrieta Nagyová defeated 🇨🇿 Lenka Cenková / 🇨🇿 Ludmila Richterová, 6–3, 6–2

title: 1994 French Open


text:
Adelaide Plains

The Adelaide Plains (Kaurna name Tarndanya) is a plain in South Australia lying between the coast (Gulf St Vincent) on the west and the Mount Lofty Ranges on the east. The southernmost tip of the plain is in the southern seaside suburbs of Adelaide around Brighton at the foot of the O'Halloran Hill escarpment with the south Hummocks Range and Wakefield River roughly approximating the northern boundary.

Traditionally entirely occupied by the Kaurna (indigenous) people, the Adelaide Plains are crossed by a number of rivers and creeks, but several dry up during summer. The rivers (from south to north) include: the Onkaparinga/Ngangki, Sturt/Warri Torrens/Karra Wirra, Little Para, Gawler, Light/Yarralinka and Wakefield/Undalya. The plains are generally fertile with annual rainfall of about 460 mm per year.

The plain can be roughly divided into three parts. The southern area is now covered by the city of Adelaide, the capital of South Australia. The central area is considered the breadbasket of South Australia with many market gardens and wineries, particularly around the towns of Virginia and Angle Vale. The northern area is predominantly used for growing cereal grains such as wheat, barley, and canola, and farming sheep.

Usage of the term Adelaide Plains frequently refers to a central and non-metropolitan subset of the plain. This is evidenced by the local government area of Adelaide Plains Council, which occupies 932 sqkm from the Gawler River in the south to Wild Horse Plains, Long Plains and Grace Plains north of Dublin and Mallala.

title: Adelaide Plains


text:
User:Richa.mehta

Hi,

I haven't made any great contributions here ;) Off n On just make a few. To be frank I am pretty bad at editing images on the page. I will try improve this skill in the mean-time.

I have interest in cartoons, travelling and reading. And quite addicted to wikipedia, so end up making mini contributions :D

title: User:Richa.mehta


text:
Pitchcapping

Pitchcapping is a form of torture which involves pouring hot pitch or tar (mainly used at the time for water-proofing seams in the sides of ships and boats) into a conical paper cap and forcing it onto an individual's head, which is then allowed to cool before being rapidly removed. Typically, victims of pitchcapping suffer loss of skin and tissue around their head. The practise of pitchcapping dates back to the period of classical antiquity, but was used most prominently during the suppression of the Irish Rebellion of 1798. Pitchcapping was usually preceded by the hasty shaving of the victim's hair, and the effect it had resembled scalping in the injuries inflicted. In other forms of pitchcapping, pitch or tar was poured into the victim's orifices instead, though since doing so invariably proved fatal, this was more akin to a form of execution instead. Another form of pitchcapping involved smearing cloth or a piece of paper with pitch and pressing it onto the head of the victim.

Early antecedents of pitchcapping were used in the period of classical antiquity, when hot liquids, including molten metals, were used as a form of execution. Mithridates VI of Pontus executed Roman consul Manius Aqullius in 88 BC using molten gold, while it was rumoured that Marcus Licinius Crassus was killed using a similar method by the Parthians after being defeated at the Battle of Carrhae in 53 BC, though this most likely occurred after his death. During the Irish Rebellion of 1798 against British rule in Ireland, government forces, in particular the militia and yeomanry, frequently used pitchcapping against suspected rebels. A prominent victim of pitchcapping was Anthony Perry, a leader of the Wexford Rebellion.

Society of United Irishmen member Myles Byrne described pitchcapping in his memoirs:

"Flogging, half hanging, picketing, were mild tortures in comparison of the pitch caps that were applied to the heads of those who happened to wear their hair short, called croppies; the head being completely singed, a cap made of strong linen well imbued with boiling pitch was so closely put on that it could not be taken off without bringing off a part of the skin and flesh from the head : in many instances the tortured victim had one of his ears cut off to satisfy the executioner that if he escaped he could readily be discovered, being so well marked.'"

title: Pitchcapping


text: Category:Argentine cartoonists

title: Category:Argentine cartoonists


text:
Talk:United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit

Trivia
I do not understand the following sentence in the Trivia section of the article: "Since the days of John Marshall, the Chief Justice of the United States has been the Circuit Justice for the Fourth Circuit." Is it supposed to mean that the Chief Justice is also a Circuit Justice for the Fourth Circuit? If so, that fact isn't true.(Jeffreyjoh (talk) 08:35, 10 January 2009 (UTC))

Duty stations
I want to confirm the duty stations for the current court. I start by going to the court's official website, but this only gives phone numbers, not the cities. However, by plugging the phone numbers into Google:

(a) No Google Phonebook entry; Google search points to Criminal Justice Forum page. (b) No Google Phonebook entry; Google search points to NC Bar page.

To confirm Judge Luttig's duty station, I go to the Federal Law Clerk Information System, which returns Alexandria, VA. I now have a complete list of duty stations.

This list matches the currently available list in the article, except that Judge Williams appears to have moved from Richmond, VA to Orangeburg, SC.

— DLJessup 12:12, 1 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Widener or Murnaghan?
According to the "Pending nominations," Haynes is a nominated to Seat 8 vacated by Widener. Yet Widener is listed as a "current member" of the court and Seat 8 is listed as being held by Francis Murnaghan until 2000. So which one is correct?--Smashingworth 00:54, 15 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Widener is a future vacancy as listed here. I don't know the exact circumstances, maybe he's doing what O'Connor did, waiting for the confirmation of his successor. NoSeptember   talk  01:12, 15 April 2006 (UTC)
 * So, Haynes is nominated to Widener's Seat 4, not Seat 8. According to that website, there is no nominee for the Murnaghan Seat 8 vacancy.  I'll go ahead and correct that in pending nominations.--Smashingworth 03:16, 15 April 2006 (UTC)
 * Judge Widener announced that he will take Senior status "upon confirmation" of his successor. Thus, he is still an active member of the court, but as soon as someone is confirmed for his seat, he will go senior. —The preceding unsigned comment was added by 208.27.111.123 (talk) 15:46, 27 December 2006 (UTC).

Table standardization
Please note and contribute to this discussion. Billyboy01 (talk) 23:07, 22 April 2010 (UTC)

WikiProject United States courts and judges|
Should the line WikiProject United States courts and judges be class=C as now, or class=B as all the other lines are assessed?--Dthomsen8 (talk) 23:21, 26 January 2019 (UTC)


text:
List of parliamentary constituencies in East Sussex

The ceremonial county of East Sussex, (which includes the unitary authority of Brighton & Hove) is divided into 9 parliamentary constituencies - 4 borough constituencies and 5 county constituencies.

2010 boundary changes
Under the Fifth Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the Boundary Commission for England decided to retain the existing 8 constituencies in East Sussex, with minor changes to realign constituency boundaries with those of current local government wards, and to reduce the electoral disparity between constituencies.

Proposed boundary changes
See 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies for further details.

Following the abandonment of the Sixth Periodic Review (the 2018 review), the Boundary Commission for England formally launched the 2023 Review on 5 January 2021. Initial proposals were published on 8 June 2021 and, following two periods of public consultation, revised proposals were published on 8 November 2022. The final proposals were published on 28 June 2023.

The commission has proposed that East Sussex be combined with West Sussex as a sub-region of the South East Region, resulting in the creation of a new cross-county boundary constituency named East Grinstead and Uckfield. The resultant changes to existing constituencies would entail the abolition of Wealden and the creation of the new constituency of Sussex Weald. Brighton Kemptown will be renamed Brighton Kemptown and Peacehaven, and, although its boundaries are unchanged, it is proposed that Hove be renamed Hove and Portslade.

The following constituencies are proposed:

Containing electoral wards from Brighton and Hove

 * Brighton Kemptown (part)
 * Brighton Pavilion
 * Hove and Portslade

Containing electoral wards from Eastbourne

 * Eastbourne

Containing electoral wards from Hastings

 * Hastings and Rye (part)

Containing electoral wards from Lewes

 * Brighton Kemptown (part)
 * East Grinstead and Uckfield (part)1
 * Lewes (part)

Containing electoral wards from Rother

 * Bexhill and Battle (part)
 * Hastings and Rye (part)

Containing electoral wards from Wealden

 * Bexhill and Battle (part)
 * East Grinstead and Uckfield (part)1
 * Lewes (part)
 * Sussex Weald

1 Also contains part of Mid Sussex District in West Sussex

Results history
Primary data source: House of Commons research briefing - General election results from 1918 to 2019

2019
The number of votes cast for each political party who fielded candidates in constituencies comprising East Sussex in the 2019 general election were as follows:

Percentage votes
11983 & 1987 - SDP-Liberal Alliance

* Included in Other

Seats
11983 & 1987 - SDP-Liberal Alliance

Historic representation by party
A cell marked → (with a different colour background to the preceding cell) indicates that the previous MP continued to sit under a new party name.

The Local Government Act 1972 moved the District of Mid Sussex into West Sussex from East Sussex. This change was put into effect in the Parliamentary constituency boundaries for the 1983 boundary changes.

1983 to present
1partly in West Sussex


text:
Packie Bonner

Patrick Joseph Bonner (born 24 May 1960) is an Irish retired footballer who played as a goalkeeper and spent his entire senior career at Celtic. He earned 80 caps for the Republic of Ireland national football team after making his debut on his 21st birthday. Commonly known as Pat or Packie, he also played Gaelic football for his native Donegal county team.

Gaelic football
Bonner played Gaelic football for the Donegal county team at minor and senior level in the 1970s. He played a number of games in the National Football League (NFL).

Early career
He began his soccer career in the late 1970s with his local youth side, Keadue Rovers. When he was 16 he had several trials with Leicester City and kept goal for them in the FA Youth Cup.

In August 1977, Bonner had agreed a deal to sign for League of Ireland side Finn Harps on a 6-month contract after impressing in a guest appearance in a friendly against English team Stoke City F.C. An agreement was put in place, with then Harps manager, Eunan "Busty" Blake, that if a bigger club came in, Bonner would be allowed to leave and Blake himself would personally tear up his contract. He was subsequently spotted by Sean Fallon, who was scouting in Ireland for Celtic, and invited to Glasgow for a trial. True to his word, Blake tore up Bonner's Finn Harps contract, without him ever making a competitive appearance for the club, and Bonner signed for Celtic on 14 May 1978.

Celtic
Bonner went on to make 483 league appearances with Celtic, and is the goalkeeper with the most appearances in Celtic's history, with 646 overall. In total with Celtic, he won four League Championship medals, three Scottish Cup winners' medals and a League Cup winners' medal. Although he was released by manager Lou Macari in 1994, he was re-signed by Tommy Burns after Macari was sacked. His last appearance for Celtic was winning the 1995 Scottish Cup final under Burns. After the Scottish Cup Final victory over Airdrie, Bonner took on the role of player-coach and finally left the club in 1998 to work as a coach alongside former teammate Tommy Burns.

International career
Bonner made his international debut for the Republic of Ireland on his 21st birthday in a friendly against Poland on 24 May 1981.

For the remainder of the Eoin Hand managerial era, Bolton Wanderers Jim McDonagh remained Ireland's first choice goalkeeper. However, by the time of the appointment of Jack Charlton in March 1986, Bonner was already claiming the number one position. Bonner claimed his 75th international cap on his 34th birthday in a 1–0 win over Bolivia at Lansdowne Road which at the time equalled the Republic of Ireland record held by Liam Brady.

Euro 1988
Bonner played in seven of Ireland's eight games in the qualifying round of UEFA Euro 1988. Despite some good results, including a 1–0 win away to Scotland, a 2–0 win at home to Bulgaria and a 2–2 draw away to World Cup bronze medalists Belgium, Ireland looked to be losing out on goal difference to Bulgaria. Bulgaria needed only a draw against Scotland in their last match to progress. However, a last-minute winning goal for Scotland gave Ireland, and Bonner, a first appearance at the UEFA European Championship.

Bonner played in all of Ireland's games at Euro 88, including the 1–0 victory over England in Stuttgart. Ireland scored early and dominated in the first half, missing several chances to put the game beyond England. However, in the second half, Bonner produced a number of outstanding saves to keep Ireland in the lead, most notably from Gary Lineker, and was named Man of the Match. It was Bonner's eighth consecutive clean sheet for Ireland. In the second game, Ireland drew 1–1 with the Soviet Union. Ireland narrowly missed out on a semi-final appearance, conceding a goal in the dying minutes of their final group match against eventual champions, the Netherlands.

1990 World Cup
Bonner missed the opening qualifying game for the 1990 FIFA World Cup away to Northern Ireland due to a back injury. He played in the remaining seven fixtures, with the only goals being conceded throughout the qualifying campaign coming in a 0–2 loss in Spain. Indeed, only an excellent performance by Bonner in that game saved Ireland from a heavier defeat. Ireland went on to beat Spain 1–0 in the return fixture at Lansdowne Road, and in November 1989 clinched qualification in the final fixture with a 2–0 win away over Malta.

It was the first time the Republic of Ireland had qualified for the World Cup, and Bonner would make his mark on the world stage with two memorable moments that live long in Irish sporting folklore. The first was in Ireland's very first World Cup finals game, against England. With Ireland 1–0 down late in the game, Bonner delivered a determined clearance all the way to the English penalty area, setting up Kevin Sheedy's equaliser. While Bonner's role in the goal itself was minimal, the look of sheer determination on his face has been remembered as one of the defining moments of Ireland's inaugural appearance in the tournament. After a disappointing 0–0 draw with Egypt in the second game, Ireland needed at least a draw with the Netherlands to ensure passage to the next round. With Ireland 1–0 down midway through the second half, Bonner once again delivered a clearance all the way to the Dutch penalty area, which caused enough confusion to allow Niall Quinn to slot in the equaliser and send Ireland to the knockout stage. Ireland's second round fixture against Romania went to a penalty shootout, where the score was tied at 4–4 with one kick remaining for each team. Bonner made a simple save from a poorly taken penalty by Daniel Timofte, setting up David O'Leary to score the winning Irish kick. In the quarter-final against Italy, Ireland lost 1–0 as Bonner saved a powerful shot from Roberto Donadoni, but was knocked off balance enough to allow Salvatore Schillaci to snatch the winning goal and send Ireland home. Bonner arrived home in Dublin to a hero's welcome the following day.

Bonner's penalty save has been remembered by FIFA as one of the great moments of that World Cup. In an article entitled "Bonner's Moment in Time", Bonner states, "It really wouldn't be an exaggeration to say that that one save changed my life forever, certainly in terms of recognition."

Euro 1992
Bonner remained Ireland's number one choice goalkeeper for UEFA Euro 1992, where Ireland was drawn against Poland, Turkey and England in the qualifying round. Ireland lost out to England in controversial circumstances. With Ireland one point behind England and tied with Poland with two games left, it was debated in the media if a draw with Poland would be better than a win. Assuming England beat Turkey on the same day, a draw left Ireland and Poland with six points each with England on eight points and all three teams having one remaining game. With England playing Poland in the last game, it meant that Poland could still qualify for the tournament by beating England and hoping Ireland failed to beat Turkey in their last game. If Poland did beat England, Ireland could then qualify on goal difference by beating Turkey. However, if instead, Ireland beat Poland in the second-last game, Poland was out of the tournament. Ireland would have seven points to England's eight, meaning that Ireland would need to beat Turkey and hope that Poland, without the prospect of qualification, could still manage a draw with England. With Ireland leading Poland 3–1 with minutes to go, Ireland conceded two late goals and the game finished 3–3.

In those final games Poland did hold England to a draw (1-1) and Ireland did beat Turkey 3-1, but England had beaten Turkey 1-0 that night and qualified with 9 points to Ireland's 8 points.

1994 World Cup
Bonner represented Ireland in all 12 qualifying matches for the 1994 FIFA World Cup. Ireland seemed well on the way to qualification after seven wins and three draws in the opening ten games. With each side having only two games remaining, Ireland led the group on 18 points, ahead of Denmark on 16, with Spain in third place on 15 points. Ireland needed only a draw at Lansdowne Road against Spain in the second last game to guarantee qualification, while a win would virtually guarantee top position in the group. However, Ireland conceded three goals in a 15-minute spell in the first half, and despite a late consolation goal, Ireland now needed to beat Northern Ireland in the last game to guarantee a place in the finals. A draw would mean Ireland needed the Spain-Denmark game, happening simultaneously, to finish in a win for one of the two sides. Ireland drew 1–1 with Northern Ireland but qualified ahead of Denmark by virtue of having scored more goals (they were level on goal difference), as Denmark lost 1–0 to Spain. Bonner's saves throughout the tournament were key to Ireland's goal-difference remaining on par with Denmark and ensuring eventual qualification.

In the Finals, Ireland beat Italy 1–0 in their opening match. The euphoria was elevated by the fact that Ireland had also beaten Germany and the Netherlands in warm-up games. However, from that point on, the tournament was a disappointment for Ireland and especially Bonner. A 2–1 defeat at the hands of Mexico and a 0–0 draw with Norway were just enough for Ireland to move into round two on the strength of their win over Italy. A 2–0 defeat to the Netherlands ended Ireland's tournament, and was a low point for Bonner. With Ireland already 1–0 down late in the first half, a long-distance effort from Wim Jonk should have been an easy save. However, Bonner fumbled the shot and it dribbled into the net. Ireland never recovered and was eliminated from the tournament.

Euro 1996 qualification campaign
Bonner struggled to maintain his place in the Ireland squad during the UEFA Euro 1996 qualification campaign, playing only one match, as captain, in a 4–0 win over Liechtenstein at Lansdowne Road. Alan Kelly played all of Ireland's other qualification matches. Ireland were eliminated 2–0 by the Netherlands in a playoff.

Legacy
Bonner became the Republic of Ireland's most capped goalkeeper with 80 appearances for his country. He held this record until it was surpassed in 2007 by fellow Donegal native Shay Given who, by the end of 2011, had achieved 120 caps. Bonner remains a cultural icon in Ireland for his role in some of the most memorable moments in Irish sporting history.

Coaching role
On 2 February 2003, following the promotion of Brian Kerr to the position of Republic of Ireland team manager, Bonner was named as technical director of the Football Association of Ireland (FAI). He previously held the role of the senior squad's goalkeeping coach in the organisation. In addition, he has worked as a football presenter with TV3.

Personal life
Bonner is married to Ann and has two children, Andrew and Melissa. His son Andrew was also a footballer who played as a striker for the Republic of Ireland youth teams and in the Scottish Junior leagues at club level, and was later an amateur distance runner.

His twin brother Denis played football in Ireland for Galway United and Finn Harps. He also has five sisters.

Honours
Celtic
 * Scottish Premier Division: 1978–79, 1980–81, 1981–82, 1985–86, 1987–88
 * Scottish Cup: 1979–80, 1984–85, 1987–88, 1988–89, 1994–95
 * Scottish League Cup: 1982–83, 1997–98

Individual
 * Ballon d'Or: 1989 (17th place)

title: Packie Bonner


text: Category:WikiProject Poland

title: Category:WikiProject Poland