text:
Jo Lustig

Joseph George Lustig (October 21, 1925 – May 29, 1999) was an American music entrepreneur.

Early career
Lustig was born on October 21, 1925, in Coney Island, New York, the youngest child of five to Yiddish-speaking Jewish immigrants from the Polish-Russian border. At the age of 12 he saw Billie Holiday singing in a club and fell in love with music.

During World War II, Lustig served as a medical orderly in the Asiatic-Pacific Theater.

He became an apprentice music journalist and press agent, meeting with entertainers such as Gloria Swanson and Mel Brooks. His early clients included Nat King Cole, the Birdland jazz club, and The Weavers.

In 1957, Lustig hired Joyce Glassman as an assistant; Glassman introduced him to her friends in a Greenwich Village bar, Cedar Tavern, the poets Gregory Corso and Allen Ginsberg and her then-boyfriend, an unknown writer named Jack Kerouac. After hours of conversation about the world of press agents, Lustig announced that Kerouac would write a play, "I Am a Camera", on the subject. When he received the manuscript at his office from Kerouac, he suggested revisions were necessary; the following week, Kerouac's On the Road was reviewed in The New York Times and hailed as a masterpiece. Lustig's play was never discussed again.

After touring Europe with Nat King Cole in 1960, he decided to relocate to London.

Anglo-American folk music
In 1962 American folk singer Julie Felix decided to hitch-hike around Europe. In 1964 she finally arrived in Britain. Jo Lustig saw her potential and offered to become her agent. When Decca signed Julie Felix it was the first time a British label acquired a major folk artist. Lustig promoted her to record an album and a single ("Someday soon") and an appearance on the Eamonn Andrews TV show. She was the first British-based folk singer to fill the Albert Hall. In 1965 when Nico met Lustig at a party hosted by the co-producer of the Bond films, she said "I want to be a singer". A few weeks later she was on "Ready Steady Go", singing her first single, thanks to Jo. However, she was not successful, and in 1966 joined Andy Warhol at The Factory.

British folk music
In 1968 Lustig spotted "The Pentangle". In 1969 he gave them one of the first mystery album sleeves – a silhouette of the band. The cover of their second album Sweet Child was designed by Peter Blake, creator of The Beatles "Sgt. Pepper cover. Lustig also brought Pentangle a U.S. concert tour beginning in February 1969 at the Fillmore East.

In 1970 Ralph McTell changed his manager Bruce May for Jo Lustig. In October he was able to fill the Royal Festival Hall. In 1972 Robin and Barry Dransfield's "Lord of all I Behold" was Melody Maker's Folk Album of the Year. Jo eagerly read the pop press and signed them up, even before the album was released. The two brothers were then signed to Warner Brothers in America, and were off on a big concert tour supporting another Lustig act, Ralph McTell. Unfortunately the brothers not only quarrelled with each other but Barry seemed to be psychologically unable to handle large-scale commercial fame. Jo tore up the contract in disgust. This gives a hint of how impatient and short-tempered Jo Lustig was. By the end of the 1972 McTell had also broken with Jo Lustig. Ralph's brother Bruce was in charge again. It is perhaps surprising that Jo never managed Donovan, the biggest of all British folk artists. The reason is that Mickie Most got there first, and managed Donovan well. Another casualty of Jo's aggressive publicity-seeking approach was Anne Briggs, who was so disgusted that she gave up singing altogether, citing Jo as one of the reasons. Shel Talmy described him as "one of my most unfavourite people".

Steeleye Span
After the departure of Martin Carthy and Ashley Hutchings, Steeleye Span were eager for commercial success. They sacked Sandy Roberton and signed up with Jo Lustig. He brought them a lucrative contract with Chrysalis, and lavish studio time. Within a year they had a hit, "Gaudete". Somewhere along the line, Jo Lustig managed Irish harpist Mary O'Hara, who emerged after a decade in a convent to become a popular easy listening act. He also managed folk singer Richard Digance and, for a while, Jethro Tull (during the "Songs from the Wood" period). In 1974, the Chieftains were still semi-professional, despite having released "Chieftains 4" in 1974, to worldwide praise. In 1975 they became full-time musicians and took Jo Lustig as their manager. He brought them a contract with a major label, Island Records. By 1982 Richard and Linda Thompson were also managed by Jo, but it is not clear when this started. About 1980 Jo Lustig created his own record label called Luggage, but only one act is known to have appeared in it – the Home Service. Jo financed the first Home Service single in 1981. Despite containing talented musicians, the Home Service were not commercially successful. Perhaps this was the reason that he gave up folk bands, and became a film producer.

Lustig in films
In 1985 Jo produced The Doctor and the Devils a historical thriller. In 1987 there came his best-known venture, 84 Charing Cross Road, in which he was associate producer. In 1989 he started to specialise in television documentaries about musicians, starting with The Unforgettable Nat 'King'. Blondes: Anita Ekberg was also in 1999. Diana Dors was on television in 1999. Maria Callas : life and art (1999) was produced by Jo for video release.

Personal life
In 1967, Lustig married Dee Daniels, a press assistant at a record company. The couple shared the management of Pentangle.

He died of pancreatic cancer on May 29, 1999, in Cambridge, England.

title: Jo Lustig


text:
Albay Bikol language

Albay Bikol, or simply Albayanon is a group of languages and one of the three languages that compose Inland Bikol. It is spoken in the southwestern coast of Albay, (Pio Duran, Jovellar) and northwestern Sorsogon. The region is bordered by the Coastal Bikol and Rinconada Bikol speakers. The latter is the closest language of Albay Bikol and is mutually intelligible. They are both included in Inland Bikol group of languages.

Albay Bikol is the only sub-group of the Inland Bikol group with several languages with in it. The member languages in this sub-grouping lack stressed syllables, rare, if there is, and that makes them different and unique from other Bikol languages. The said feature of Albay Bikol is comparable to French and Portuguese languages that rarely use stressed syllables.

Dialectal variation
"Were you there at the market for a long time?" translated into Albay Bikol languages, Coastal Bikol and Rinconada Bikol.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Albay Bikol language


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Rock Paper Saddam

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was delete. – Rich Farmbrough 17:34, 15 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Rock Paper Saddam
Unencyclopedic, self promotory, covering matters very limited in importance. Several times reverted from speedy by the creator. Wiki is not a web directory. Recommend delete and the same also for Jay_Barnes for similar reasons. Oneliner 10:21, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep - Term gets 15,400 Google hits. If stub can't be expanded, merge into Internet phenomenon or Internet memes or something of the like. --FCYTravis 10:24, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete as NN --JiFish(Talk/Contrib) 11:00, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Weak keep, I agree with FCYTravis and his comments: "Term gets 15,400 Google hits. If stub can't be expanded, merge into Internet phenomenon or Internet memes or something of the like." --ShaunMacPherson 12:11, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep per google hits. Kappa 12:36, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Cute, but cute doesn't cut it. Also, even if kept, definitely delete Jay Barnes. -- BD2412 talk 12:53, 2005 Jun 10 (UTC)
 * Merge to Internet memes; this is nowhere near AYBABTU on the meme scale. Radiant_ >|< 13:04, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Comment ...but what is? --Badlydrawnjeff 13:31, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep notable internet memes. --Badlydrawnjeff 13:30, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete 13:37, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC) — Preceding unsigned comment added by Snorre (talk • contribs) 13:37, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * On a chatty side comment, it's really nifty that he commented at 13:37. jglc | t | c 15:56, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. This is likely to be of interest to nobody in less than 10 years. Google is inherently biased towards internet phenomenon; hence, just as you wouldn't delete on article about Africa based on ggogle hits, you shouldn't keep an article on the internet per google hits. --Scimitar 13:44, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Keep as per Badlydrawnjeff. jglc | t | c 15:51, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Not notable. The flash animation was kind of funny, but its popularity was brief even as these things go—about a week at the most. Unlike AYBABTU, has had no appreciable impact on the world, or even the Internet, at large.   — Gwalla | Talk 18:19, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete: Scimitar is right: Google will always bias hugely toward Internet phenomena.  If the site is interested even a little bit in advertising itself, 10,000 links is pretty much standard fare for your "Osama in a blender" type of animation.  Shared around the office LAN one week, gone the next. Geogre 19:40, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Advert.     19:51, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, nn meme. RickK 19:56, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * keep please as per jglc Yuckfoo 20:19, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete not notable one-off joke. What Scimitar and Geogre said. CDC   (talk)  21:12, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. With "internet memes", Google hits are everthing, and this only gets around 15000.  For comparison, "All your base" and variants get over a million. --Carnildo 21:30, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Do we need every damn fool with a website with things claiming to be funny here? No! Hohokus 23:31, 10 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable meme which will be forgotten by most in less than a year. A и D я 01D  TALK  EMAIL  23:33, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)
 * Strong delete. — Phil Welch 02:02, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete non notable meme. JamesBurns 02:11, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Yet another short-lived internet meme. --Calton | Talk 03:04, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete Non-notable. I agree that, for an internet meme, 15000 Google hits is not encyclopedia worthy. Xoloz 03:39, 11 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Non-notable website promo.  Kaibabsquirrel 01:48, 12 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Wikia c c 23:04, Jun 14, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Something that a small number of people on the internet do to get a few giggles.  This does not belong in an encyclopedia. Indrian 04:05, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Edel

Edel is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:

Surname

 * Abraham Edel (1908–2007), North American philosopher and ethicist
 * Alfred William Edel (c. 1930–2005), American television news presenter
 * Apoula Edel (born 1986), Cameroonian-Armenian footballer
 * Leon Edel (1907–1997), North American literary critic and biographer
 * Uli Edel (born 1947), German film director

Given name

 * Edel Eckblad (1914–1994), Norwegian actress
 * Edel Hætta Eriksen (1921–2023), Norwegian schoolteacher and politician
 * Edele Jernskjæg (died 1512), Danish noble, lady-in-waiting and royal mistress of King John I of Denmark
 * Edel Oliva (born 1965), Cuban race walker
 * Edel Rodriguez (born 1971), Cuban-American artist and illustrator
 * Edel Quinn (1907–1944), Irish lay missionary
 * Edel Randem (1910–2001), Norwegian figure skater
 * Edel Therese Høiseth (born 1966), former speed skater from Norway, who specialised in the shorter distances; the 500 m and 1,000 m
 * Edel (footballer), Ildefonso Soares de Oliveira (born 1958), Brazilian footballer

Other uses

 * Eðel or ēðel, a name for Œ / œ, a ligature of the Latin script
 * Construction Nautic Edel, a French boat builder
 * Edel 665, a French sailboat design
 * Edel (character), fictional character in the webtoon series Denma
 * Edel SE & Co. KGaA, a German independent media company
 * Édel de Cléron, a French cheese from Cléron, Franche-Comté
 * Edel Land District, a land district (cadastral division) of Western Australia, located within the North-West Land Division
 * Edel-Mega Records, a Danish record company established in 1983. It was renamed Edel-Mega Records when it was acquired by Edel Music in 2001
 * , the ICAO code for Langenlonsheim Airfield
 * Edel Paragliders, a defunct South Korean paraglider manufacturing company
 * Edel, another name for the logic puzzle nonogram

title: Edel


text:
User talk:Psyk0

Today's random bit of information: My birthday, February 28th, is the same day that Father Ted actor Dermot Morgan died. I never knew that.

huh?
I didn't delete your comments, what comments? LittleRedRidingHood 28 June 2005 09:35 (UTC)

Category:GP2
You know you might have had the courtesy to wait a day before nominating the category I created ***TWO MINUTES*** before you nominated it to CSD! What kind of crap is that? Yeah, it only had one article at the time but that WAS TWO MINUTES BEFORE YOU NOMINATED IT! What, can't wait for me to fill it, it's so useless to you? 132.205.45.110 20:10, 16 July 2005 (UTC)

Block
Hello. When a sysop blocks an IP address that is being used for vandalism, and it affects you, you shouldn't interpret it as a block on you. Which IP address is it you want me to unblock? Your email doesn't say. Evercat 11:29, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Ah, my apologies, I thought it would. My address is 80.3.64.9. (I'm emailing you this as well in case you don't pick it up on my talk page.) --Psyk0 11:31, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Unblocked. Evercat 11:33, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

 * Many thanks! --Psyk0 11:54, 26 August 2005 (UTC)

Speedy deletion nomination of K. Sandra Fuhr

A tag has been placed on K. Sandra Fuhr requesting that it be speedily deleted from Wikipedia. This has been done because the article, which appears to be about a real person, individual animal(s), an organization (band, club, company, etc.), or web content, does not indicate how or why the subject of the article is important or significant: that is, why an article about it should be included in an encyclopedia. Under the criteria for speedy deletion, articles that do not indicate the subject's importance or significance may be deleted at any time. Please see the guidelines for what is generally accepted as notable.

If you can assert the notability of the subject,. Clicking that button will take you to the talk page where you will find a pre-formatted place for you to explain why you believe the page should not be deleted. You can also visit the |the article's talk page directly to give your reasons, but be aware that once tagged for speedy deletion, if the article meets the criterion, it may be deleted without delay. Please do not remove the speedy deletion tag yourself. You may freely add information to the article that would confirm the subject's notability under Wikipedia guidelines.

See the guidelines for specific types of articles: biographies, websites, bands, or companies. --Jtalledo (talk) 14:41, 27 July 2011 (UTC)

Nessie the Dragon listed at Redirects for discussion
An editor has asked for a discussion to address the redirect Nessie the Dragon. Since you had some involvement with the Nessie the Dragon redirect, you might want to participate in the redirect discussion if you have not already done so. Widefox ; talk 10:22, 21 April 2015 (UTC)

RC Patrol-related Proposals in the 2016 Community Wishlist Survey
Greetings Recent Changes Patrollers!

This is a one-time-only message to inform you about technical proposals related to Recent Changes Patrol in the 2016 Community Wishlist Survey that I think you may be interested in reviewing and perhaps even voting for:

 * 1) Adjust number of entries and days at Last unpatrolled
 * 2) Editor-focused central editing dashboard
 * 3) "Hide trusted users" checkbox option on watchlists and related/recent changes (RC) pages
 * 4) Real-Time Recent Changes App for Android
 * 5) Shortcut for patrollers to last changes list

Further, there are more than 20 proposals related to Watchlists in general that you may be interested in reviewing. (and over 260 proposals in all, across many aspects of wikis)

Thank you for your consideration. Please note that voting for proposals continues through December 12, 2016.

Note: You received this message because you have transcluded User wikipedia/RC Patrol (user box) on your user page. Since this message is "one-time-only" there is no opt out for future mailings.

Best regards, — Delivered: 01:12, 8 December 2016 (UTC)

title: User talk:Psyk0


text:
Papaver dahlianum

Papaver dahlianum, commonly called the Svalbard poppy, is a poppy species common on Svalbard, north-eastern Greenland and a small area of northern Norway. It is the symbolic flower of Svalbard. Some sources regard this species as part of Papaver radicatum.

It grows to 10–25 cm high, and has long-petiolated basal leaves forming a rosette; the leaves are pinnately dissected and coarsely hirsute. The flowering stems are slender, often arcuate, hirsute. The flower is 2–4 cm in diameter, with four yellow or white, slightly undulate petals, and two boat-shaped sepals, which are densely hirsute with dark brown hairs. The fruit is an obovoid capsule covered with stiff hairs, containing numerous seeds.

The poppy grows on gravel, roadsides, scree sleeps and ledges, and holds the altitude record for flowering plants in Svalbard.

Despite the extreme northern latitude of the Svalbard poppy, if accepted as a separate species, Papaver radicatum is the most northerly growing plant known to the world, being found on Kaffeklubben Island.

title: Papaver dahlianum


text:
Talk:Anubis Cruger

Untitled
It's not mentioned anywhere in the article, so why is it in the title he is given the nickname "Doggie"? Also, since 'Chief' is not a part of his name but rather a title, shouldn't that be removed from the title also? -- Supermorff

Does anyone know what this refers to:
 * He charged his opponent with the kidnapping of his wife, Aisynia, and the destruction of the Anubinoid species. On the first charge, he was found innocent. On the second charge, however, he was found guilty and placed inside a confinement card.

It had little context within the article. -- Supermorff 13:10, 16 August 2005 (UTC)

Have you ever noticed that Anubis rarely barks or shows any sign of being a dog (except the occasional growling)?

'''don't mean to but in, but, Cruger is

'''1. refered to as Commander, not Chief

2. a Sirian (his homeworld is "Sirius" and "his Sirian life force" was brought up during the episode Idol

I know he's a Sirian, silly. He just looks like a dog and occasionally growls like one, too.

Hey do ya think it would be cool if this article had a picture and description about the Japanese Doggie Cruger costume from the sentai counterpart? It's an interesting fact because he looks Strangely Weird and Silly in his original dog like costume? Nathen

Hey, I read in the section of appearence that some PR fans consider the japanese Cruger as a "muppet reject." Is this true? Please Speak Nathen

McGruff
Does this character remind anyone of McGruff? Anubis has a similar personality in terms of combating crime. VoltronForce 07:37, 12 July 2007 (UTC)

Fair use rationale for Image:Cruger ichthyor.jpg
Image:Cruger ichthyor.jpg is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to ensure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 13:42, 25 February 2008 (UTC)

title: Talk:Anubis Cruger


text:
Symphony No. 4 (Vaughan Williams)

Ralph Vaughan Williams dedicated his Symphony No. 4 in F minor to Arnold Bax.

Unlike Vaughan Williams's first three symphonies, it was not given a title, the composer stating that it was to be understood as pure music, without any incidental or external inspiration.

In contrast to many of Vaughan Williams's previous compositions, the symphony displays a severity of tone. The composer himself once observed of it, "I'm not at all sure that I like it myself now. All I know is that it's what I wanted to do at the time." According to the letter written by Arthur Benjamin to Vaughan Williams on 21 April 1935 (BL MS Mus 1714/1/9, ff. 113–14), the British composer Sir William Walton admired the work greatly. Benjamin wrote: "I met Willy Walton on the way to the Hall and he said — having been to the rehearsals — that we were going to hear the greatest symphony since Beethoven. Arnold, too, agreed." An alternative source states that Walton heard Constant Lambert saying it to Benjamin.

Only two symphonies of Vaughan Williams end loudly: No. 4 and No. 8.

The work was first performed on 10 April 1935 by the BBC Symphony Orchestra conducted by Adrian Boult. Its first recording, made two years later, featured the composer himself conducting the same orchestra in what proved to be his only commercial recording of any of his symphonies. It was released on 78-rpm discs in the UK by HMV and in the US by RCA Victor, and has been reissued on LP and CD.

The United States premiere was given on 19 December 1935 by Artur Rodziński and the Cleveland Orchestra. The earliest American performance to have survived in recorded form was the broadcast of 21 May 1938 by Adrian Boult, guest conducting the NBC Symphony Orchestra, released by Pristine Classical. This was followed on 14 March 1943 by another performance by the NBC Symphony Orchestra under Leopold Stokowski. It was the only time he ever conducted the work and his performance has been issued on CD by Cala Records.

Structure
The work is in four movements with the third and fourth linked:

 * 1) Allegro
 * 2) Andante moderato
 * 3) Scherzo: Allegro molto
 * 4) Finale con epilogo fugato: Allegro molto

A typical performance takes about 32 minutes.

Opening dissonance of the first movement: Germinal motive that develops out of the opening dissonance: Motive built of fourths (measure 14–15):

Instrumentation
The symphony is scored for a large orchestra including: 2 or 3 flutes (2nd doubling on piccolo), 2 or 3 oboes (2nd doubling on cor anglais), 2 clarinets (in B♭), bass clarinet (in B♭) (ad lib.), 2 bassoons, contrabassoon (ad lib.), 4 horns (in F), 2 trumpets (in C), 3 trombones, tuba, timpani, triangle, side drum, cymbals, bass drum, strings.

Peggy Glanville-Hicks’ claim
His student, the Australian composer Peggy Glanville-Hicks, claimed that he had borrowed the opening theme of the first movement from her Sinfonietta for Small Orchestra in D minor (1935), and that she in turn borrowed it back for her opera The Transposed Heads (1953). Glanville-Hicks did not complete her Sinfonietta until three months after the premiere of Vaughan Williams's symphony, but she was writing it at the same time as the composition of the symphony.

Recordings

 * Vaughan Williams—BBC Symphony Orchestra. HMV Red Seal 78s DB 3367–3370 (Abbey Road, 11 October 1937)
 * Boult—NBC Symphony Orchestra. (plus music by Beethoven, Busoni, Butterworth, Copland, Elgar, Holst, and Walton). Pristine Classical PASC 626 (Studio 8-H, 21 May 1938)
 * Stokowski—NBC Symphony Orchestra. (+ music by Butterworth + Antheil). Cala Records CACD 0528 (14 March 1943)
 * Barbirolli—BBC Symphony Orchestra (+ music by Benjamin-A). Barbirolli Society SJB 1064 (1950)
 * Mitropoulos—Philharmonic-Symphony Orchestra of New York (+ music by several others). Music & Arts CD 1214 (Carnegie Hall, 5 April 1953)
 * Boult—London Philharmonic Orchestra. Decca LXT 2909 (Kingsway Hall, 2–4 December 1953)
 * Mitropoulos—Philharmonic-Symphony Orchestra of New York. Columbia Masterworks ML 5158 (Columbia 30th Street Studios, 9 January 1956)
 * Sargent—BBC Symphony Orchestra (+ Stokowski's recording of Symphony No. 8). Carlton BBC Radio Classics 15656 91312 (Royal Albert Hall, 16 August 1963)
 * Bernstein—New York Philharmonic (+ Serenade to Music). Columbia MS 7177 (Philharmonic Hall, 21 October 1965)
 * Boult—New Philharmonia (+ Norfolk Rhapsody No. 1 in E minor). HMV ASD 2375 (Abbey Road, 22–23 Jan. and 12 February 1968)
 * Previn—London Symphony Orchestra (+ Concerto accademico). RCA Red Seal SB 6801 (Kingsway Hall, 10–11 March 1969)
 * Del Mar—BBC Scottish Symphony Orchestra (+ music by Elgar + Bliss). BBC Music Magazine MM 80 (BBC Studios, Glasgow, 24 August 1973)
 * Davis-C—Boston Symphony Orchestra (+ music by many others). BSO CB 100 (Symphony Hall, 26 October 1973)
 * Berglund—Royal Philharmonic Orchestra (+ The Lark Ascending). EMI ASD 3904 (Abbey Road, 29–30 October 1979)
 * Thomson—London Symphony Orchestra (+ Concerto accademico). Chandos CHAN 8633 (St Jude-on-the-Hill, Hampstead, 27–28 November 1987)
 * Rozhdestvensky— USSR State Symphony Orchestra (+ A Pastoral Symphony). Melodiya CD 10-02170-3 (Philharmonia Building, Leningrad, 28 October 1988)
 * Handley—Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra (+ A Pastoral Symphony). EMI Eminence CD EMX 2192 (Philharmonic Hall, Liverpool, 8–9 March 1991)
 * Slatkin—Philharmonia (+ A Pastoral Symphony + Fantasia on "Greensleeves"). RCA Victor Red Seal 09026-61194-2 (Watford Town Hall, 29 November 1991)
 * Davis-A—BBC Symphony Orchestra (+ Symphony No. 5). Teldec 4509-90844-2 (St Augustine's Church, London, December 1992)
 * Haitink—London Philharmonic Orchestra (+ A Pastoral Symphony). EMI CD 5 56564 2 (Colosseum, Watford, December 1996)
 * Norrington—London Philharmonic Orchestra (+ Symphony No. 6). Decca 458 658–2 (Colosseum, Watford, February 1997)
 * Hickox—London Symphony Orchestra (+ Mass in G minor + Six Choral Songs). Chandos CHAN 9984 (All Saints Church, Tooting, January 2001)
 * Daniel—Bournemouth Symphony Orchestra (+ Norfolk Rhapsody 1 in E minor + Suite "Flos campi"). Naxos 8.557276 (Lighthouse, Poole, 6–7 March 2003)
 * Botstein—American Symphony Orchestra. ASO download 091 (Avery Fisher Hall, 7 April 2006)
 * Davis-C—London Symphony Orchestra (+ music by many others). LSO Live 0766 (Barbican Hall, 24 September 2008)
 * Oundjian—Toronto Symphony Orchestra (+ Symphony No. 5). TSO Live 0311 (Thomson Hall, March 2011)
 * Kalmar—Oregon Symphony Orchestra (+ music by Ives + Adams + Britten). PentaTone PTC 5186 393 (Schnitzer Hall, Portland, 7–8 May 2011)
 * Wigglesworth—London Philharmonic Orchestra (+ Jurowski's recording of Symphony No. 8). LPO CD 0082 (Royal Festival Hall, 1 May 2013)
 * Spano—Atlanta Symphony Orchestra (+ Cantata "Dona nobis pacem" + The Lark Ascending). ASO Media CD-1005 (Woodruff Center, Atlanta, 21–22 February 2014)
 * Elder—Hallé Orchestra (+ Symphony No. 6). Hallé CD HLL 7547 (Bridgewater Hall, Manchester, 7 April 2016)
 * Manze—Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra (+ A Pastoral Symphony). Onyx 4161 (Philharmonic Hall, Liverpool, 5–7 May 2016)
 * Pappano—London Symphony Orchestra (+ Symphony No. 6). LSO Live LSO0867D (Barbican Hall, London, 15 March 2020)

title: Symphony No. 4 (Vaughan Williams)


text:
Category:Splines (mathematics)

See also Subdivision surfaces, which is an emerging alternative to spline-based surfaces.

title: Category:Splines (mathematics)


text:
Alain Bashung

Alain Bashung (born Alain Claude Baschung, ; 1 December 1947 – 14 March 2009) was a French singer, songwriter and actor. Credited with reviving the French chanson in "a time of French musical turmoil", he is often regarded in his home country as the most important French rock musician after Serge Gainsbourg. He rose to prominence in the early 1980s with hit songs such as "Gaby oh Gaby" and "Vertige de l'amour", and later had a string of hit records from the 1990s onward, such as "Osez Joséphine", "Ma petite entreprise" and "La nuit je mens". He has had an influence on many later French artists, and is the most awarded artist in the Victoires de la Musique history with 12 victories obtained throughout his career.

Bashung's Play blessures (1982), Osez Joséphine (1991), and Fantaisie militaire (1998) have made multiple French lists of the greatest albums. L'Imprudence (2002) and Bleu pétrole (2008), the last two studio albums released during his lifetime, also garnered acclaim. Bashung died at 61 after a two-year fight with lung cancer.

Youth
Alain Baschung (he later dropped the "c" from his surname) was the son of a Breton mother working in a rubber factory and an Algerian father, whom he never knew. His mother remarried, and at the age of one, Bashung was sent to Wingersheim, near Strasbourg to live with his stepfather's parents. He spent his childhood in the countryside, in a rather conservative environment, alongside a grandmother who did not speak French. He discovered music during his childhood, notably Kurt Weill's Mahagonny, and began to practice with a Rosebud harmonica offered to him when he was five. He also was involved in basketball and cycling, and sang in the church choir in Wingersheim.

He came back to Paris in 1959, where he discovered the great chanson artists, and then rock artists such as Gene Vincent, Buddy Holly (whom he admired deeply), and Elvis Presley. While studying (before dropping out after he was awarded a BTS in accountancy from the École nationale de commerce in 1965), he formed a band called Les Dunces playing folk music and rockabilly.

Long beginnings
He later formed a band with musicians met in Royan, and then began to tour in restaurants, hotels and U.S. military bases. He began his career with his first EP, "Pourquoi rêvez-vous des États-Unis ?" in 1966, which he wrote and composed. At the same time, he joined the RCA label to become a music arranger. He wrote songs for French artists. In June 1967, at the Palais des Sports of Paris, he was the opening act (alongside Noël Deschamps and Ronnie Bird) of artists such as the Pretty Things, the Troggs or Cream.

In 1968, he released his first single, "Les Romantiques", which was largely ignored by the public and unsuccessful. Around that time, he dropped the "c" from his name and spent some time at the house of fellow singer Christophe.

From 1972 to 1974, he composed some of the music and cowrote three albums and three singles (including "Marilou") for French rock singer Dick Rivers. In 1973, he played Robespierre in the musical La Révolution française by Claude-Michel Schönberg.

In 11 years, he released no less than four EPs and ten singles, one under the moniker of David Bergen, and two others in 1976 and 1977 as Hendrick Darmen, composer for a band called Monkey Bizness. All of them failed to have any impact.

Boris Bergman and first successes
He then met sound engineer Andy Scott and lyricist Boris Bergman. Together, they realized his first album Roman-photos, with a country and rockabilly sound, which was a commercial failure as punk rock was rising. In 1979, he produced another album, Roulette russe, darker and leaning more openly toward rock. In 1980, he released the single "Gaby oh Gaby", which became his breakthrough success (selling more than a million copies).

His critical and commercial success was confirmed with his next album, Pizza, which allowed him, thanks to his second hit success, "Vertige de l'amour", to tour in prestigious locations, such as the Olympia. However, he broke with Bergman at the time.

Artistic turn
In 1982, Bashung released an album called Play blessures, written by Serge Gainsbourg. The album, in contrast with its immediate predecessor, is dark, minimalistic and inaccessible. The album was intended to break away from his unexpected success. It was a commercial and, at first, critical failure, Bashung being called by some the "Johnny Hallyday of new wave". Yet, it is now considered a classic album in France.

In 1983, he produced another dark album, Figure imposée, which also met with little success. However, in 1984 he made peace with Boris Bergman, and the lyricist wrote for him "SOS Amor" which was a surprise hit. In 1985, he sang "Touche pas à mon pote", a single for the association SOS Racisme.

In the wake of the success of "SOS Amor", he released in 1986 the album Passé le Rio Grande, which allowed him to get his first Victoires de la musique award.

In 1989, he returned to a dark, experimental style with the album Novice, from which the singles "Bombez !", "Pyromanes" and "Étrange été" were released. The album marked his first collaboration with lyricist Jean Fauque and his definitive breakup with Boris Bergman.

Mainstream and critical success
In 1991, he released another album with Fauque as lyricist, Osez Joséphine, which also included some cover versions of classic American rock songs. The album helped him achieve mainstream success, selling 350.000 copies and "Osez Joséphine" became his first real popular success since "Vertige de l'amour". On the same album is featured "Madame rêve", another classic in a different, more atmospheric style, which would be a trademark of his future releases.

In 1992, he covered the French pop classic song "Les Mots bleus", from the album by the same name by Christophe, for an AIDS research support compilation. In 1994, he released Chatterton, which he called a "new age country" album. For this album, he worked with artists such as Sonny Landreth, Ally McErlaine, Link Wray, Marc Ribot or Stéphane Belmondo. The single "Ma petite entreprise" was a new popular success. Following the album, he toured for two years and in 1995 released the double live album Confessions publiques.

From 1994 onwards, Bashung began to spend more time for his acting career (which he started in 1981 with Nestor Burma, détective de choc), for instance with Ma sœur chinoise by Alain Mazars.

After recording a duet with Brigitte Fontaine, "City" for her Les Palaces album, he came back to music in 1998 with Fantaisie militaire. For this album, he notably collaborated with Jean Fauque, Rodolphe Burger, Les Valentins, Jean-Marc Lederman and Adrian Utley of Portishead. The arrangements and strings were done by Joseph Racaille. The first single from the album was "La nuit je mens" which was another hit for Bashung. For the album, he received 3 more Victoires de la musique awards in 1999 (and in 2005, he received another for the "best album of the last twenty years"). For Bashung, it was a huge commercial and critical success.

In 2000, he released the compilation Climax, on which some songs are rerecordings as duets with notable artists from the French scene (most famously, the song "Volontaire" from Play blessures with French band Noir Désir). That same year, he cowrote "L'Eau et le vin" for Vanessa Paradis' album Bliss.

In 2002, he released another album, L'Imprudence to critical acclaim, which is considered one of the darker albums of his discography. The album is not easily accessible and features strings and electronic arrangements, with sometimes nearly spoken lyrics, and was inspired according to Bashung by old black and white movies. That same year, he recorded the album Cantique des cantiques with his new wife, singer Chloé Mons, the song was written for their wedding in 2001 by Rodolphe Burger, from a new translation of Solomon's Song of Songs by Olivier Cadiot. In 2003, he sang the French chanson classic "Avec le temps" by Léo Ferré for a tribute album to the late artist, Avec Léo ! and wrote the preface to a book about that artist.

In 2004, the double live album La Tournée des grands espaces was released. In 2005, he sang "Le Sud" on a tribute album to Nino Ferrer, On dirait Nino. In 2006, he recorded a Charles Trenet song, "Que reste-t-il de nos amours ?" as a duet with Françoise Hardy for her album (Parenthèses...).

In June 2006, in the Cité de la musique in Paris, he got the opportunity to sing for several days. There he brought on stage artists such as Christophe, Dominique A, Rodolphe Burger or Arto Lindsay. In early 2007, after a small break, he was involved in the Les Aventuriers d'un autre monde tour alongside rock and pop artists Jean-Louis Aubert, Cali, Daniel Darc, Richard Kolinka and Raphaël. He sang for a couple of evenings in the Salle Pleyel in Paris, and played the role of Jack the Ripper for the song "Panique Mécanique" on Dionysos' album La Mécanique du Cœur.

That same year, he played with Belgian singer Arno in the movie J'ai toujours rêvé d'être un gangster, by Samuel Benchetrit. They appear as themselves, arguing over the authorship of a song.

In 2008, he sang "L.U.V." as a duet with Daniel Darc for the latter's album, Amours suprêmes. He was also involved in Étienne Daho's Daho Show, covering "I Can't Escape from You" as a duet with Daho. He also rerecorded Serge Gainsbourg's classic album, L'Homme à tête de chou, for a show.

On 24 March 2008, he released the album Bleu pétrole, collaborating notably with Gaëtan Roussel of French band Louise Attaque, Arman Méliès, M. Ward or Gérard Manset (covering the latter's song "Il voyage en solitaire" as the final song on the album). He then began to tour for the album. The 10 June 2008, he sang several times at the Olympia although he was undergoing a chemotherapy for his lung cancer. Jean Fauque claimed that a new album was underway.

Final months and death
On 1 January 2009, Bashung was made Chevalier (Knight) of the Légion d'honneur. On 28 February 2009, he received three prestigious Victoires de la Musique awards for his final album Bleu pétrole. The 2009 award ceremony was his last public appearance. He appeared frail, but still performed "Résidents de la République." He won the Best male artist of the year, Best album and Best tour awards.

Bashung died in Paris on 14 March 2009 from lung cancer at the age of 61 at the Hôpital Saint-Joseph in Paris. After a religious ceremony at the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés, he was buried on 20 March 2009 in the Père Lachaise Cemetery.

Posthumous events
On 12 November 2009, the opening of a ballet using a rerecording of L'Homme à tête de chou, a 1976 Serge Gainsbourg album, by Bashung as the soundtrack, occurred at the Maison de la Culture de Grenoble, with a choreography by Jean-Claude Gallotta who approached him in 2007 to adapt the work.

On 27 November 2009, a box set called À perte de vue, which contained the entire output of Bashung so far (on 27 discs), was released. The box set features his twelve solo albums so far, his five live albums, his two duet albums with Chloé Mons, two albums of instrumentals and three albums of covers, duets and rarities. Alongside this box set a double live album documenting his last tour, called Dimanches à l'Élysée and recorded at the Élysée Montmartre on 14 December 2008, was released on 16 November. That same day, a live video recorded at the Olympia 10 and 15 June 2008 was released. This DVD was awarded the 2010 Victoires de la musique award for best musical DVD of the year. At the same Victoires ceremony, French singer Benjamin Biolay, who was awarded the Best male artist of the year award, paid tribute to Bashung.

He can be heard singing La nuit je mens in the closing scenes of the final episode of the French television series Les Bleus: premiers pas dans la police (2006–10). On 26 April 2011, a tribute album called Tels Alain Bashung was released. It features twelve covers of Bashung songs by various artists and bands, with a documentary called Alain Bashung - Faisons envie directed by Thierry Villeneuve. On 7 November 2011, his rerecording of L'Homme à tête de chou was released on Barclay Records.

Influence
A multi-platinum artist, Bashung received three awards during the ceremony at the Paris Zenith, including best male artist, best album for "Bleu Pétrole" (Barclay/Universal) and best live show. He spent his career singing a pop-chanson repertoire. With 12 trophies won since 1993, he was the most awarded artist in the history of the Victoires de la Musique. Bashung, who had cancer, had to postpone several dates of his last tour. While receiving his award, he said he hoped that record companies would "remain in a human dimension by making people happy with records."

In February 2010, the French edition of Rolling Stone magazine placed six of his albums in their list "100 disques essentiels du rock français" (100 Essential French Rock Albums) with two albums in the top 10, Osez Joséphine at number one, and Fantaisie militaire at number nine.

Live albums

 * 1985 : Live Tour 85
 * 1992 : Tour Novice
 * 1995 : Confessions publiques
 * 2004 : La Tournée des grands espaces
 * 2009 : Dimanches à l'Élysée

Compilations

 * 1993 : Réservé aux indiens
 * 1999 : Climax
 * 2000 : Ma petite entreprise (original soundtrack to the film My Little Business)

Actor

 * 1981 : Nestor Burma, détective de choc de Jean-Luc Miesch
 * 1981 : Le Cimetière des voitures de Fernando Arrabal
 * 1991 : Rien que des mensonges de Paule Muret
 * 1992 : L'Ombre du doute de Aline Issermann
 * 1994 : Ma sœur chinoise de Alain Mazars
 * 1995 : Le Jeu de la clé de Michel Hassan
 * 1998 : Mon père, ma mère, mes frères et mes sœurs... de Charlotte de Turckheim
 * 1999 : Je veux tout de Patrick Braoudé
 * 2000 : La Confusion des Genres de Ilan Duran Cohen
 * 2000 : Retour à la vie de Pascal Baeumler (avec Emmanuelle Laborit)
 * 2000 : Félix et Lola de Patrice Leconte
 * 2000 : L'Origine du monde de Jérôme Enrico
 * 2002 : La Bande du drugstore de François Armanet
 * 2003 : Le P'tit Curieux de Jean Marbœuf
 * 2006 : Arthur et les Minimoys de Luc Besson (voix de M Le maudit)
 * 2007 : J'ai toujours rêvé d'être un gangster de Samuel Benchetrit
 * 2014 : Jack et la mécanique du cœur [jack the ripper] {died before screening}

Composer

 * 1981 : Nestor Burma, détective de choc de Jean-Luc Miesch
 * 1985 : Le Quatrième Pouvoir de Serge Leroy
 * 1986 : Le Beauf de Yves Amoureux
 * 1992 : Le Jeune Werther de Jacques Doillon
 * 1994 : Pigalle de Karim Dridi
 * 1999 : Ma petite entreprise de Pierre Jolivet

title: Alain Bashung


text:
Dušan Vukotić

Dušan Vukotić (Душан Вукотић; 7 February 1927 – 8 July 1998) was a Yugoslav and Croatian-Montenegrin cartoonist, author and director of animated films. He is the best known member of the Zagreb school of animated films.

Biography
Vukotić was born in Bileća, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes to father Radovan Vukotić and mother Darinka Vučinić. His father Radovan was a Royal Yugoslav Army sub-colonel who got captured in the vicinity of Gornji Milanovac by the invading Wehrmacht force during the Nazi German invasion of Yugoslavia, spending the remainder of World War II in Osnabrück prison camp. His mother Darinka was a daughter of Milutin Vučinić, Montenegrin army officer and one time prime minister. His paternal grandfather Mojaš "Kinjo" Vukotić who died during the 1912-1913 Siege of Scutari was serdar Janko Vukotić's brother.

Career
In 1953, Vukotić became one of the founding members of Zagreb Film. He worked there for over four decades and directed cartoons such as Cow on the Moon.

He directed Surogat ("Ersatz"), which won an Oscar for best animated short for 1961, becoming the first foreign film to do so. Another of his films, Igra ("The Game"), was nominated for an Academy Award in 1964.

After the 1960s, he rarely made short animated films, making three full-length movies - a fantasy tale for children, Sedmi kontinent ("The Seventh Continent", 1966), an action movie, Akcija Stadion ("Operation Stadium") about the resistance of Zagreb students to the Ustaša regime in 1941, and the science fiction/horror parody Gosti iz galaksije ("Visitors from the Galaxy of Arkana", 1981). In 1963, he was a member of the jury at the 3rd Moscow International Film Festival.

Personal life
He also taught film directing at the Zagreb Academy for Dramatic Art from the founding of its Film department in 1967 until his retirement in the early 1990s.

After 1973, he was a member of the Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts.

In 1994 he received Lifetime Achievement Award at the World Festival of Animated Film - Animafest Zagreb.

At the time of his death, Vukotić was preparing a production of his new science fiction movie, co-written by the Croatian science fiction writer Aleksandar Žiljak.

Vukotić died in Krapinske Toplice near Zagreb at the age of 71.

title: Dušan Vukotić


text:
Baishan

Baishan (, is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Jilin province, in the Dongbei (northeastern) part of China. "白山" literally means "White Mountain", and is named after Changbai Mountain . Baishan borders Yanbian to the east, Tonghua to the southwest, Jilin City to the north, and North Korea to the south.

Baishan is to be granted the title of China International Mineral Water City. In Baishan is the Baishan Dam.

History
In 1902, Qing imperial government set up the Linjiang County in today's Baishan region. During the Manchukuo period, Linjiang county was under the jurisdiction of Tonghua. In March 1959, Jilin provincial government promoted Linjiang County to a county-level city and renamed it as Hunjiang City, which is still under the administration of Tonghua Prefecture. In 1985, Hunjiang City developed into a prefecture-level city, administerring three districts and three counties including Fusong, Jingyu and Changbai. The city was renamed to Baishan in April, 1994 with the approval of the State Council.

Transportation

 * Changbaishan Airport

title: Baishan


text:
Bad Meets Evil

Bad Meets Evil is an American hip hop super duo composed of Detroit-based rappers Royce da 5′9″ (Bad) and Eminem (Evil). Formed in 1998, the duo's name comes from the namesake song from Eminem's The Slim Shady LP (1999), which featured Royce da 5'9". They debuted the same year with the release of the double single, "Nuttin' to Do" and "Scary Movies", the latter of which for the soundtrack to the 2000 horror comedy parody film Scary Movie. A decade later, the duo reunited to release an extended play (EP) to critical and commercial success.

The duo broke up after a feud between Royce and the members of Eminem's group D12. The feud ended when Proof, a D12 member and a mutually close affiliate of both rappers, was killed in April 2006. After Royce's supergroup Slaughterhouse signed to Eminem's Shady Records, a reunion of Bad Meets Evil followed with the EP Hell: The Sequel (2011), which reached number one on the US Billboard 200 and was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The EP's lead single, "Fast Lane" peaked at number thirty-two on the Billboard Hot 100, while its second single, "Lighters" (featuring Bruno Mars), peaked at number four on the same chart.

The duo returned for the 15-year anniversary album for Shady Records, Shady XV (2014), for "Vegas", and again in 2015 to record two tracks for the boxing film Southpaw, titled "All I Think About" and "Raw". The duo reunited for the song "Not Alike" on Eminem's album Kamikaze (2018). Eminem was also featured on Royce's song "Caterpillar" on his album Book of Ryan (2018). Royce was featured on three tracks on Eminem's album Music To Be Murdered By (2020): "You Gon' Learn", "Yah Yah" and "I Will". On the song "Godzilla" from the same album, Eminem confirms that the duo are still active by rapping ("pack heat, but it's black ink Evil half of the Bad Meets Evil, that means take a back seat").

Formation and subsequent break-up
Eminem met Royce da 5'9" in 1997 when Royce was opening for singer Usher at the Palladium. Eminem and Royce da 5'9", became quick friends before Eminem's rise to fame, and collaborated on the track which led to the duo's foundation, "Bad Meets Evil", for Eminem's 1999 major label debut The Slim Shady LP. The duo's first work, a 1999 double-single, which was originally recorded in 1998, consisting of "Nuttin' to Do" and "Scary Movies", achieved respectable chart success, peaking at 36 on the Hot Rap Songs chart, while the latter peaked at 63 on the UK Singles Chart. A year later, the song "Scary Movies" was featured on the soundtrack of the horror comedy parody film Scary Movie.

"Renegade" was originally a song featuring Eminem recorded for Royce's first studio debut album Rock City (2002), but Royce's verses were later replaced with Jay-Z's for his 2001 album The Blueprint. Jay-Z contacted Eminem for a collaboration and beat while the song was being made. Limited in time for production, Eminem sent Jay-Z the beat for "Renegade" with approval from Royce. However, Eminem was still featured on Royce's Rock City album, on the title track.

Dr. Dre heard one of Royce's mix tapes through Eminem, deciding to sign him to Aftermath Entertainment. Eminem secured him a ghostwriting position on Dre's second studio album, 2001. After his manager Kino stated: "I've seen Em sit Dre down like a pupil and coach him on rhymes" on a phone interview, Dr. Dre requested that Royce cut ties with his manager. Royce refused to fire his manager, thus his relationship with Dre ended.

After Royce turned down Eminem's offer to join his Anger Management Tour as a hype man, Proof, member of Eminem's band D12 and his best friend, also a good friend of Royce's, took the place. Later, Royce wanted to continue working with Eminem, who was busy working with D12, which led Royce to believe that D12 was "souring" his relationship with Eminem. A feud with a series of diss tracks followed, resulting in the duo's break up.

Reunion
In 2011, Royce's rap group Slaughterhouse signed to Eminem's founded label Shady Records. This led to a reunion of Bad Meets Evil with the debut extended play Hell: The Sequel, released on June 14, 2011, after 11 years of inactivity in the group. A chart success, it peaked at number one on the Billboard 200 and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA).

"Fast Lane" was released on May 3, 2011, as the lead single. It was recorded by Mike Strange at Effigy Studios (Ferndale, Michigan). Recorded a few months before its release, the song was written by Eminem, Royce da 5'9" and Sly "Pyper" Jordan, who also sings the chorus to the song with additional vocals from Denaun Porter. Eminem requested that Sly perform the chorus, after hearing Dr. Dre's hit single "Kush". Supa Dups and Jason "JG" Gilbert produced the song; Eminem and Mike Strange mixed the song. JG and Supa Dups also sample their own vocals. According to Supa Dups, he was asked to make a beat with JG, without knowing it was for Bad Meets Evil. He said that "[They] didn't even have Eminem in mind [when they made the beat]." According to this interview with Mixtape Daily, Supa Dups had little knowledge about the project, but simply submitted the beat to Eminem. Months after recording the song, on April 28, 2011, when it leaked onto the Internet, Supa Dups was impressed by the finished version, lyrically, and was proud to have participated in the project. The song peaked at number 32 on the Hot 100 chart.

The second single, "Lighters", was originally intended to be featured on Royce's fifth studio album, Success Is Certain, but the single itself had ended up on Hell: The Sequel. It was produced solely by Rochester, New York producer Battle Roy. After Royce had presented the track to Eminem, he was inspired to write and record the first verse, prompting Royce to write his the day afterwards. Bad Meets Evil then flew to Los Angeles, where R&B and pop singer Bruno Mars heard the song. Eminem and Mars then made minor changes to the musical arrangement. The song was recorded at Effigy Studios by Strange, Isolation Studios by Asar and Levcon Studios (Los Angeles, California) by Ari Levine of The Smeezingtons, a music production and songwriting group consisting of Philip Lawrence and Mars. Eminem, The Smeezingtons and Battle Roy produced the song. Battle Roy and Joe Strange also engineered the song. Luis Resto provided additional keyboards for the song. On May 25, 2011, when the track listing of Hell: The Sequel was announced, "Lighters" was revealed to the public to feature Mars. "Lighters" hit contemporary hit radio on July 5, 2011, as the second single from the EP. "Lighters" performed better on the charts than "Fast Lane", peaking at number four on the Hot 100 chart.

Bad Meets Evil released a new song, entitled "Vegas", for the compilation album Shady XV, which was released on November 24, 2014, through Shady Records.

In 2015, two new Bad Meets Evil songs were released. The two songs, "All I Think About" and "Raw" appear on the Southpaw Soundtrack, produced by Shady Records.

In 2018, two Bad Meets Evil songs were released "Caterpillar" which featured Eminem off Royce's Book of Ryan album and "Not Alike" which featured Royce off Eminem's Kamikaze album.

title: Bad Meets Evil


text:
Talk:Solar System model

Additional trails
Baltimore & Annapolis Trail Planet Walk is another potential addition. http://www.americantrails.org/resources/art/planetwalk.html http://www.friendsofaatrails.org/planet_walk.htm 108.15.40.121 (talk) 11:14, 31 May 2011 (UTC)

There is a model near Saint Louis, Alsace, France, along the walk/bike trail parallel to the Grand Canal d'Alsace. 132.3.49.78 (talk) 15:10, 13 June 2014 (UTC)

Astrology
I've attempted to clean up the article. Please indicate any further concerns. --agr 19:24, 17 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * The part at the end that starts sermonizing about astrology is inappropriate. I'll snip it out myself if no one objects. Thedoorhinge 23:59, 14 October 2006 (UTC)
 * The concept that the section attempts to explain is very valid, and should be retained. The text is, however, very poorly written and should be completely rethought. There is text on the Solar Sytem page that could be incorporated here. --Ckatz chat spy  04:23, 15 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Even if the concept is valid, it presents an opinion- that astrology flourishes on misconceptions. That isn't for Wikipedia to take a stance on. I'll remove it, if someone wants to find a source of someone significant saying it and put it back as "according to X, misconceptions like this are what allow astrology to flourish" then go ahead.Thedoorhinge 14:34, 15 October 2006 (UTC)
 * Sorry... I was referring to the part about the scale of the Solar System, not the astrology... delete away! --Ckatz chat spy  18:50, 15 October 2006 (UTC)

Mental Model
What is the best simple mental model of the solar system?

If the goal is a rough mental model of the planet spacing, there are two sets of planets:

The Inner Planets Mercury Venus Earth Mars 0.4 0.7  1.0  1.5 The Outer Planets Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune (Pluto) 5 10  19  30  39

Each set is spaced quite evenly. The inner planets are spaced at about 0.3 astronomical units. The outer planets are spaced at about 10 AU. The key mental concept is that the four inner planets are closely spaced, and the outer planets are spaced about 30 times farther apart.

What is the best simple mental model of the planet sizes?

Mercury, Venus and Mars are "a little smaller" than Earth (0.4 to .95 diameter). Jupiter and Saturn are "about ten times" (11 and 9 times dia). Uranus and Neptune are 4 times bigger. Pluto is one-fifth dia. (The difference in masses is greater than the difference in diameters.) The Sun is 100 times the dia of Earth. The distance from the Earth to the Sun is about 100 times the dia of the Sun. The solar system is almost all empty space -- the sun is small compared to the distances between, and everything else is extremely small. -69.87.203.252 12:35, 20 March 2007 (UTC)
 * A few days ago I posted my best effort to present a model that is easy to mentally grasp at a human scale. Imagine going to a football field with a golf ball and four BB pellets. Place the golf ball at one goal line, then run all the way to the other end to place one of the BB pellets at the other goal line. Along the way you dropped the other BB pellets - one at the 17 yard line, one at the 30 yard line, and one 63 yards beyond the golf ball.

 * Ok, so if you scale the distance from the Sun to the farthest planet, Neptune, down to that 100 yards, that's a close approximation to what you'd have. The golf ball would actually be larger than the Sun (the Sun would be two-thirds the diameter of the golf ball). And the four BB pellets are larger than each of the Gas Giants. Saturns rings, however, would extend wider than the BB.

 * So that's how vastly empty the Solar System is. The five largest bodies all scale to smaller than scattering a golf ball and four BBs down the entire distance of a football field! (And keep in mind that the distance across the entire orbit of Neptune would be double this.)

 * The terrestrial planets and the dwarf planets scale down to the size of fleas and flea eggs! That's on this same football field. Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are all found at the 5 yard line and closer. The yard line sequence for those planets is: 1, 2, 3, 5. Along with those, Ceres and Jupiter all are in the Red Zone, at 9 and 17 yards.

 * The full sequence of distances from the Sun to Neptune is:
 * 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, (9), 17, 30, 63, 100.

 * Pluto and the outer dwarf planets scale to:
 * (130), (143), (152), (225).

 * This full detailed graphic of this description has been posted to the article, with pointers toward the dwarf planets past Neptune's goal line as they'd be found off the image to the right. A simplified diagram, showing only the golf ball and four BBs is here:
 * File:Solar System scaled to football field.png

 * I hope this is as helpful to others as it has been for me. As soon as you become aware of how vast the actual spacing is, then you can see how badly distorted all the images and orreries we've grown up with are. If you're able to walk a full-scale model, that can help to convey the accurate vastness of the Solar System, but these are typically so large that by the time you reach the outer planets, you've forgotten how far you've travelled to get there. At least, that's been my experience. It's hard to take it all in at once. When reduced to the scale of a football field, everything stays within an immediately graspable human scale. A person can be sitting at a football stadium, see both goal lines, and be holding a golf ball in one hand, four BB's in the other hand, and simultaneously get bitten by a flea because they brought their dog to enjoy the game too. Ha!--Tdadamemd (talk) 07:22, 11 May 2012 (UTC)

Today I uploaded a photograph-version of the Solar System scaled to a football field. This could be a good one to incorporate into this article, or even the main Solar System article. The main article still falls short in communicating the vast distances between the planets.--Tdadamemd (talk) 08:57, 5 April 2014 (UTC)

 * Ok, for the time being, I've just added a text-link to the caption of the original football field image. If a consensus sees the new image to be a better one to present in this article as primary, then they can be swapped out.

 * ...and FYI, I made this edit to include the new image into the main article on the Solar System, in the effort to address this long-standing deficiency.--Tdadamemd (talk) 04:06, 6 April 2014 (UTC)

Badly chosen sites
Calais,	Saint-Valery-sur-Somme, and Rotterdam are not in the UK, and should be changed to sites more or less north of London; Pluto could be in Snowdonia. There is in fact no need to use the UK; whole Pluto could be in the Middlesbrough region, more or less. Or, with the centre near Preston, it may be possible to have at least one body in each of the four constituent parts of the UK - England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. 82.163.24.100 (talk) 11:56, 13 March 2010 (UTC)

 * I have done just that. Using sites in France and the Netherlands for a UK model was ridiculous. The places I have chosen are all fairly large and well-known UK locations accurate to within a mile, according to Great Circle Mapper. Walshie79 (talk) 01:07, 17 December 2015 (UTC)

Ratio sorting
Is there any way to get MediaWiki to sort columns containing ratios correctly, aside from making the entire column header “1:” and filling the values with the second half of the ratio? El Mariachi (talk) 18:22, 1 February 2014 (UTC)

 * El Mariachi, I see the issue as well. I took a brief look at the documentation but I've not processed it all yet.
 * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Sorting
 * Do you know of any good examples of sortable tables?
 * I tried adding data-sort-type="number" |to the column header but it didn't seem to work correctly.
 * Jasebaese (talk) 19:27, 17 January 2016 (UTC)

 * The sorting problem is still there. I propose just eliminating the repetitive and redundant "1:" from each "Scale" entry, which will fix the sorting issue. I think I've seen this done on other Wikitables with the same issues. Reify-tech (talk) 21:18, 5 March 2022 (UTC)

The Solar System, to scale, for a school yard
In the talk page of Solar System I wrote
 * I have made what I believe to be a very useful education resource, The Solar System, to scale, for a school yard. There are obvious non-N-POV reasons why I should not add on Wikipedia a link to this page. But if a respected editor of some experience and expertise should agree that it is a very useful education resource, and should think it worth adding it to an external links § somewhere suitable, I’d be flattered. But if that respected editor of some experience and expertise should think not, then it should not be done.

to which Tbayboy replied
 * Perhaps not here, but I think it would be fitting for Solar System model.

Please consider the same question asked here. JDAWiseman (talk) 11:11, 1 December 2014 (UTC)
 * No objections, fits nicely, so done. JDAWiseman (talk) 10:13, 25 December 2014 (UTC)

About those "Voyage" solar system models
Just curious why they're listed in the second table, the one for virtual/temporary/dual-scale models. I was under the impression that they are true-scale models. Niobrara (talk) 13:10, 17 September 2015 (UTC)
 * I came to ask the same question. Sounds like we should move them. I'll do that. McKay (talk) 17:34, 18 September 2015 (UTC)

External links modified (January 2018)
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 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110718161215/http://www.zuerich.com/en/visitor/Experience/Nature/Planetenweg-details.html to http://www.zuerich.com/en/visitor/Experience/Nature/Planetenweg-details.html
 * Added archive https://archive.is/20130222182744/http://www.gymnasium-sorghvliet.nl/site/leerlingen/studium_generale-zonnestelsel to http://www.gymnasium-sorghvliet.nl/site/leerlingen/studium_generale-zonnestelsel
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20110525220622/http://www.solchicago.com/ to http://www.solchicago.com/
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title: Talk:Solar System model


text:
User:Cyril59

my website http://www.trappistbeer.net

title: User:Cyril59


text:
User talk:Koffieyahoo/Archive 1

Wecome to the Wikipedia
Welcome to Wikipedia! Thanks for your contributions to the coolest online encyclopedia I know of =). I sure hope you stick around; we're always in need of more people to create new articles and improve the ones we already have.  You'll probably find it easiest to start with a tutorial of how the wikipedia works, and you can test stuff for yourself in the sandbox.  When you're contributing, you'll probably find the manual of style to be helpful, and you'll also want to remember a couple important guidelines.  First, write from a neutral point of view, second, be bold in editing pages, and third, use wikiquette.  Those are probably the most important ones, and you can take a look at some others at the policies and guidelines page. You might also be interested in how to write a great article and possibly adding some images to your articles.

Be sure to get involved in the community – you can contact me at my talk page if you have any questions, and you can check out the village pump, where lots of wikipedians hang out and discuss things. If you're looking for something to do, check out the community portal. And whenever you ask a question or post something on a talk page, be sure to sign your name by typing ~~~~.

Again, welcome! It's great to have you. Happy editing! --Spangineer (háblame)  10:33, Jun 10, 2005 (UTC)

You reverted my contributions to Concurrent programming language
Hello,

Welcome to the Wikipedia. I noticed that you changed the article on Concurrent programming language with just a bald claim. Since you did not provide any justification for your change, I fixed it up.--CarlHewitt 2005 July 5 21:54 (UTC)

 * It removes useful examples and requires the reader to have more background knowledge. Koffieyahoo 6 July 2005 06:28 (UTC)

 * Moreover, your latest changes alter the semantics of Concurrent programming languages, no longer is it the case that a programming language should provide linguistic constructs, which is essential, otherwise C is even a concurrent programming language. Koffieyahoo 6 July 2005 11:47 (UTC)

 * Good point. I added "linguistic constructs" to the definition.--CarlHewitt 2005 July 6 15:56 (UTC)

 * More moreover, you seem to be confused a bit: parallel and concurrent programming do not need shared objects, as demonstrated for example by message passing systems. Koffieyahoo 6 July 2005 18:04 (UTC)

I noticed that you made a few more changes by simply deleting stuff. So I fixed them up as well.--CarlHewitt 2005 July 6 05:41 (UTC)

 * All this is motivated in the summary. Your changes somehow have a feel of vanity and non-NPOV. If you refer to the actor model, you should also refer to any other model of computation which might be slightly relevant, which you don't do, and besides this is why the category structure and the what links here exist. Koffieyahoo 6 July 2005 06:28 (UTC)

 * The article also refers to Process calculi which are the other pricipal class of models of concurrency. Is there another one that you wouuld like to add as well?--CarlHewitt 2005 July 6 15:56 (UTC)

Erfurt Program
Well, I`m not the intial author of Erfurt Program, but cleaned it up a bit, the reference to revolution is to the socialist one, yes. The Erfurst Program was one of the programs adopted by the early SPD, I`ll settle some things in the article, thank you for your comments. --Isolani 8 July 2005 14:47 (UTC)

You also reverted my contributions to Logic programming
So I have added some discussion to the article.--Carl Hewitt 05:33, 13 July 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Koffieyahoo/Archive 1


text:
Vojo Stanić

Vojo Stanić (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Војо Станић; born 3 February 1924) is a Montenegrin painter and sculptor.

Biography
Vojo Stanić was born in Podgorica, and grew up in Nikšić. He completed Academy of Sculpture in Belgrade, after which he moved to Herceg Novi.

During that time he turned to painting, enabling him to better express his peace-loving, Mediterranean spirit and interest in people. His paintings are small drama stories from everyday life, full of spirit. They bring back to life the spirit of Renaissance comedies, presenting human weaknesses and at the same time he shows understanding for them. Topics from cafes, sea or home are often a mixture of surreal details or imaginative relationship of characters and objects.

Stanić is one of the most important modern Montenegrin painters, and is a member of CANU and DANU. He had several individual exhibits. The most important exhibit of his was at Venice Biennale in 1997.

His paintings are exhibited in a number of galleries in Montenegro, as well as in the permanent exhibit in the Art Museum in Cetinje.

Stanić turned 100 on 3 February 2024.

title: Vojo Stanić