text:
Roman economy

The study of the economies of the ancient city-state of Rome and its empire during the Republican and Imperial periods remains highly speculative. There are no surviving records of business and government accounts, such as detailed reports of tax revenues, and few literary sources regarding economic activity. Instead, the study of this ancient economy is today mainly based on the surviving archeological and literary evidence that allow researchers to form conjectures based on comparisons with other more recent pre-industrial economies.

During the early centuries of the Roman Republic, it is conjectured that the economy was largely agrarian and centered on the trading of commodities such as grain and wine. Financial markets were established through such trade, and financial institutions, which extended credit for personal use and public infrastructure, were established primarily by interfamily wealth. In times of agricultural and cash shortfall, Roman officials and moneyers tended to respond by coining money, which happened during the prolonged crisis of the First Punic War and created economic distortion and difficulties.

Following the Punic Wars, during the late Republic and the early Roman Empire, the economy became more monetized and a more sophisticated financial system emerged. Emperors issued coinage stamped with their portraits to disseminate propaganda, to create public goodwill, and to symbolize their wealth and power. The Roman Imperial monetary economy often suffered bouts of inflation in part by emperors who issued money to fund high-profile imperial projects such as public building works or costly wars that offered opportunities for propaganda but little or no material gain.

Emperors of the Antonine and the Severan dynasties overall debased the currency, particularly the denarius, under the pressures of meeting military payrolls. Sudden inflation during the reign of Commodus damaged the credit market. In the mid-200s, the supply of specie contracted sharply. Conditions during the Crisis of the Third Century, such as reductions in long-distance trade, the disruption of mining operations, and the physical transfer of gold coinage outside the empire by invading enemies, greatly diminished the money supply and the banking sector by the year 300. Although Roman coinage had long been fiat money or fiduciary currency, general economic anxieties came to a head under Aurelian, and bankers lost confidence in coins legitimately issued by the central government. Despite Diocletian's introduction of the gold solidus and monetary reforms, the credit market of the Empire never recovered its former robustness.

Banking system
The setup of the banking system under the Empire allowed the exchange of extremely large sums without the physical transfer of coins, which led to fiat money. With no central bank, a professional deposit banker (argentarius, coactor argentarius, or later nummularius) received and held deposits for a fixed or indefinite term and lent money to third parties. Generally, available capital exceeded the amount needed by borrowers and so loans were made and credit was extended on risky terms. The senatorial elite were involved heavily in private lending, as both creditors and borrowers, and made loans from their personal fortunes on the basis of social connections.

Banks of classical antiquity typically kept less in reserves than the full total of customers' deposits, as they had no incentive to ensure that customers' deposits would be insured in the event of a bank run. It was common consensus among Romans at the time, especially by Seneca's ideologies, that anyone involved in commerce should have access to credit. That tendency toward fiat money caused the money supply to fluctuate consistently.

Mining and metallurgy
The main mining regions of the Empire were Spain (gold, silver, copper, tin, lead); Gaul (gold, silver, iron); Britain (mainly iron, lead, tin), the Danubian provinces (gold, iron); Macedonia and Thrace (gold, silver); and Asia Minor (gold, silver, iron, tin). Intensive large-scale mining—of alluvial deposits, and by means of open-cast mining and underground mining—took place from the reign of Augustus up to the early 3rd century AD, when the instability of the Empire disrupted production. The gold mines of Dacia, for instance, were no longer available for Roman exploitation after the province was surrendered in 271. Mining seems to have resumed to some extent during the 4th century.

Hydraulic mining, which Pliny referred to as ruina montium ("ruin of the mountains"), allowed base and precious metals to be extracted on a proto-industrial scale. The total annual iron output is estimated at 82,500 tonnes. Copper was produced at an annual rate of 15,000 t, and lead at 80,000 t, both production levels unmatched until the Industrial Revolution; Spain alone had a 40 percent share in world lead production. The high lead output was a by-product of extensive silver mining which reached 200 t per annum. At its peak around the mid-2nd century AD, the Roman silver stock is estimated at 10,000 t, five to ten times larger than the combined silver mass of medieval Europe and the Abbasid Caliphate around 800 AD. As an indication of the scale of Roman metal production, lead pollution in the Greenland ice sheet quadrupled over its prehistoric levels during the Imperial era, and dropped again thereafter.

The invention and widespread application of hydraulic mining, namely hushing and ground-sluicing, aided by the ability of the Romans to plan and execute mining operations on a large scale, allowed various base and precious metals to be extracted on a proto-industrial scale only rarely, if ever, matched until the Industrial Revolution. The most common fuel by far for smelting and forging operations, as well as heating purposes, was wood and particularly charcoal, which is nearly twice as efficient. In addition, coal was mined in some regions to a fairly large extent: Almost all major coalfields in Roman Britain were exploited by the late 2nd century AD, and a lively trade along the English North Sea coast developed, which extended to the continental Rhineland, where bituminous coal was already used for the smelting of iron ore.

Transportation and communication
The Roman Empire completely encircled the Mediterranean, which they called "our sea" (mare nostrum). Roman sailing vessels navigated the Mediterranean as well as the major rivers of the Empire, including the Guadalquivir, Ebro, Rhône, Rhine, Tiber and Nile. Transport by water was preferred where possible, as moving commodities by land was more difficult and much more expensive: during Roman times, travel by sea was 50 to 60 times cheaper than travel by land according to Keith Hopkins. During the Roman period, sea trade in the Mediterranean reached its pre-modern peak. Vehicles, wheels, and ships indicate the existence of a great number of skilled woodworkers.

Land transport utilized the advanced system of Roman roads. The in-kind taxes paid by communities included the provision of personnel, animals, or vehicles for the cursus publicus, the state mail and transport service established by Augustus. Relay stations were located along the roads every seven to twelve Roman miles, and tended to grow into a village or trading post. A mansio (plural mansiones) was a privately run service station franchised by the imperial bureaucracy for the cursus publicus. The support staff at such a facility included muleteers, secretaries, blacksmiths, cartwrights, a veterinarian, and a few military police and couriers. The distance between mansiones was determined by how far a wagon could travel in a day. Mules were the animal most often used for pulling carts, travelling about 6.4 km/h. As an example of the pace of communication, it took a messenger a minimum of nine days to travel to Rome from Mainz in the province of Germania Superior, even on a matter of urgency. In addition to the mansiones, some taverns offered accommodations as well as food and drink; one recorded tab for a stay showed charges for wine, bread, mule feed, and the services of a prostitute.

Trade and commodities
Roman provinces traded among themselves, but trade extended outside the frontiers to regions as far away as China and India. The main commodity was grain. Chinese trade was mostly conducted overland through middle men along the Silk Road; Indian trade, however, also occurred by sea from Egyptian ports on the Red Sea. Also traded were olive oil, various foodstuffs, garum (fish sauce), slaves, ore and manufactured metal objects, fibres and textiles, timber, pottery, glassware, marble, papyrus, spices and materia medica, ivory, pearls, and gemstones.

Though most provinces were capable of producing wine, regional varietals were desirable and wine was a central item of trade. Shortages of vin ordinaire were rare. The major suppliers for the city of Rome were the west coast of Italy, southern Gaul, the Tarraconensis region of Spain, and Crete. Alexandria, the second-largest city, imported wine from Laodicea in Syria and the Aegean. At the retail level, taverns or specialty wine shops (vinaria) sold wine by the jug for carryout and by the drink on-premises, with price ranges reflecting quality.

Trade in the early Roman Empire allowed Rome to become as vast and great as it did. Emperor Augustus, despite his intense public and private spending, took control of trade from the government and expanded Roman influence by opening new trading markets in overseas areas such as Britain, Germany, and Africa. Rome dominated trade and influence over the world in the age of the Roman Empire but could not advance in their industrial and manufacturing processes. This ultimately threatened the expanding trading and commerce industries that Augustus brought about, as well as the strong standing of the Empire in the eyes of the Romans and the world.

Whereas the Roman economy was able to thrive in the first few centuries AD thanks to its advanced trade and commerce, the boom was tempered as their ways of conducting business changed drastically. Due to Augustus and the aristocracy holding the large majority of land and wealth in Rome, trade and commerce in the basic everyday commodities began to decline. Trade began to only take place for the more luxurious commodities, effectively excluding the majority of Romans due to their poverty. Foreign trade was also incredibly significant to the rise and complexity of the Roman economy, and the Romans traded commodities such as wine, oil, grain, salt, arms, and iron to countries primarily in the West. When those countries came under decline in around 2nd century AD, and respective trade between them and the Roman Empire had to cease as a result, this put a dent in the strength of the Roman economy as foreign trade was a major factor of economic growth for the superfluously resourced Empire. Compounded with their inability to make proper production advancements to keep up with their growing and evolving economy, these events hindered Roman trade, limited their array of commodities and harmed the economy.

Labour and occupations
Inscriptions record 268 different occupations in the city of Rome, and 85 in Pompeii. Professional associations or trade guilds (collegia) are attested for a wide range of occupations, including fishermen (piscatores), salt merchants (salinatores), olive oil dealers (olivarii), entertainers (scaenici), cattle dealers (pecuarii), goldsmiths (aurifices), teamsters (asinarii or muliones), and stonecutters (lapidarii). These are sometimes quite specialized: one collegium at Rome was strictly limited to craftsmen who worked in ivory and citrus wood.

Work performed by slaves falls into five general categories: domestic, with epitaphs recording at least 55 different household jobs; imperial or public service; urban crafts and services; agriculture; and mining. Convicts provided much of the labour in the mines or quarries, where conditions were notoriously brutal. In practice, there was little division of labour between slave and free, and most workers were illiterate and without special skills. The greatest number of common labourers were employed in agriculture: in the Italian system of industrial farming (latifundia), these may have been mostly slaves, but throughout the Empire, slave farm labour was probably less important than other forms of dependent labour by people who were technically not enslaved.

Textile and clothing production was a major source of employment. Both textiles and finished garments were traded among the peoples of the Empire, whose products were often named for them or a particular town, rather like a fashion "label". Better ready-to-wear was exported by businessmen (negotiatores or mercatores) who were often well-to-do residents of the production centres. Finished garments might be retailed by their sales agents, who travelled to potential customers, or by vestiarii, clothing dealers who were mostly freedmen; or they might be peddled by itinerant merchants. In Egypt, textile producers could run prosperous small businesses employing apprentices, free workers earning wages, and slaves. The fullers (fullones) and dye workers (coloratores) had their own guilds. Centonarii were guild workers who specialized in textile production and the recycling of old clothes into pieced goods.

Estimates of national accounts and income distribution
As there are no surviving records that allow economic historians to produce reliable estimates for the national accounts of ancient Rome, thus the estimation of ancient Roman product levels remains speculative. Estimates of the gross domestic product of the Roman economy during the Principate. For the sample years of 14, 100, and 150 AD, estimates of per capita GDP range from 166 to 380 sestertii.

The Roman Empire was not uniformly developed. The GDP per capita of Italy is estimated to be higher than the average of the Empire during the Principate, due to a higher degree of urbanization and trade (partly thanks to Mediterranean access compared to the provinces in the imperial periphery), and the concentration of elite income in the heartland. Other regions next to the Mediterranean, such as the Aegean and North Africa are also thought to be more developed than the imperial average in the same period. Estimates of the difference between Italian income levels and the average for the Empire vary from 40, to 66, to 100 percent higher than in the rest of the Empire.

In the Scheidel–Friesen model of Roman national accounts, the total annual income generated by the Empire is placed at nearly 20 billion sestertii, with about 5 percent extracted by the imperial government. Households in the top 1.5 percent of income distribution captured about 20 percent of income. Another 20 percent went to about 10 percent of the population who can be characterized as a non-elite middle. The remaining "vast majority" produced more than half of the total income, but lived near subsistence. All cited economic historians stress the point that any estimate can only be regarded as a rough approximation to the realities of the ancient economy, given the general paucity of surviving pertinent data.

Based on the evidence left by the archaeological remains of the houses of the prosperous Roman town of Pompeii, Geoffrey Kron estimates that the mean household income of Pompeii was at 7,900 sestertii, a much higher than is implied by the GDP estimates for the whole Empire. Based on the distribution of house sizes from these archaeological remains, he also estimated a distribution of income that implies that Pompeii had a much larger middle-class than would be expected in the Scheidel–Friesen model. His estimates pointed to a level of living standards in Pompeii superior to 19th century Western Europe. He concluded that existing estimates of Roman GDP should be revised upwards.

A Decimal fractions rounded to the nearest tenth. Italic numbers not directly given by the authors; they are obtained by multiplying the respective value of GDP per capita by estimated population size.

Regional breakdown

Angus Maddison is the only economist cited who offers a detailed breakdown of the national disposable income (NDI) of the various parts of the Roman Empire. His "highly provisional" estimate (see right) relies on a low-count of the Roman population of only 44 million at the time of the death of Augustus in 14 AD. Italia is considered to have been the richest region, due to tax transfers from the provinces and the concentration of elite income in the heartland; its NDI per capita is estimated at having been between 40% and 66% higher than in the rest of the empire. Besides Italy, the wealthiest province was Egypt, in terms of NDI per capita.

The European NDI per capita was higher than in the Asian and African provinces if Italy is included, but without it, the rest of Europe had a lower NDI per capita than the Asian and African provinces. The Hellenistic Eastern provinces (Greece, Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt) were about 20% wealthier than their mostly Latin-speaking Western counterparts, with Egypt alone being about 28% wealthier. However, Italia, which was not administered as a province, enjoyed a higher per capita income than any one of them.

Taxation
Historians conjectured that imperial taxation under amounted to about 5% of the Empire's gross product. The typical tax rate paid by individuals ranged from 2 to 5%. This tax burden did not include the tax revenues levied by the local cities, called municipia in the Latin-speaking parts of the Empire and poleis in the Greek-speaking parts.

The tax code was "bewildering" in its complicated system of direct and indirect taxes, some paid in cash and some in kind. Taxes might be specific to a province, or kinds of properties such as fisheries or salt evaporation ponds; they might be in effect for a limited time. Tax collection was justified by the need to maintain the military, and taxpayers sometimes got a refund if the army captured a surplus of booty. In-kind taxes were accepted from less-monetized areas, particularly those who could supply grain or goods to army camps.

The primary source of direct tax revenue was individuals, who paid a poll tax and a tax on their land, construed as a tax on its produce or productive capacity. Supplemental forms could be filed by those eligible for certain exemptions; for example, Egyptian farmers could register fields as fallow and tax-exempt depending on flood patterns of the Nile. Tax obligations were determined by the Census, which required each head of household to appear before the presiding official and provide a head count of his household, as well as an accounting of property he owned that was suitable for agriculture or habitation.

A major source of indirect-tax revenue was the portoria, customs and tolls on imports and exports, including among provinces. Special taxes were levied on the slave trade. Towards the end of his reign, Augustus instituted a 4% tax on the sale of slaves, which Nero shifted from the purchaser to the dealers, who responded by raising their prices. An owner who manumitted a slave paid a "freedom tax", calculated at 5% of value.

An inheritance tax of 5% was assessed when Roman citizens above a certain net worth left property to anyone but members of their immediate family. Revenues from the estate tax and from a 1% sales tax on auctions went towards the veterans' pension fund (aerarium militare).

Low taxes helped the Roman aristocracy increase their wealth, which equalled or exceeded the revenues of the central government. An emperor sometimes replenished his treasury by confiscating the estates of the "super-rich", but in the later period, the resistance of the wealthy to paying taxes was one of the factors contributing to the collapse of the Empire.

State revenues
Existing literary sources provide only fragmentary evidence regarding Roman state revenues. Some of the existing literary evidence is detailed as follows: With the conclusion of the Third Mithridatic War in 63 BC, the Roman Republic now incorporated the Kingdom of Pontus, Cilicia, most of Syria, and the island of Crete into its growing dominion, as well as turning the Kingdom of Judea into a client state. The Roman historian Plutarch records that after Pompey's return to Rome as a renowned conqueror of the east, tablets were presented showing that state revenues had increased from 50 million denarii to 85 million, an increase from 200 to 340 million sesterces from new taxes levied. Yet this was apparently roughly the size of the entire state budget of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Hellenistic Egypt. Both Cicero and Strabo related how at the beginning of the reign of Ptolemy XII Auletes (80–51 BC) his kingdom received an annual revenue of 12,500 talents, the equivalent of 75 million denarii, or 300 million sesterces. Hence, with the Roman conquest of Egypt in the Final War of the Roman Republic (32–30 BC) and transformation of Egypt into a Roman province, one would readily assume a considerable increase in state revenues was made. The revenues garnered in Egypt in 80 BC alone was seven times the amount of tax money contemporary Roman Gaul offered to the Roman coffers following its conquest by Julius Caesar, a mere 40 million sesterces. Yet this was roughly the same amount of taxes Rome was able to levy from Egypt (i.e., 40 million sesterces) after its conquest by Octavian, bringing the total figure for state revenues up to 420 million (which included 40 million from newly conquered Egypt, 40 million from Gaul, and 340 million from all other provinces). The whole of Roman Britain after its conquest produced only about 11 million sesterces in revenues whereas the city of Alexandria in Egypt alone generated roughly 36 million sesterces. Gold mining from the Roman provinces of Hispania on the Iberian Peninsula produced roughly 80 million sesterces every year.

During the 1st century AD, the total value of imported goods form the maritime trade coming from the Indian Ocean region (including the silk and spice trade) was roughly 1,000 million sesterces, allowing the Roman state to garner 250 million sesterces of that figure in tax revenue. Even after the reduction in the number of Roman legions from about fifty to twenty-eight (500,000 down to 300,000 full-time soldiers and auxiliaries) the Roman state under Augustus still spent 640 million sesterces on military costs alone per annum (with total state expenses hovering around 1,000 million). Raoul McLaughlin stresses that "as long as international commerce thrived, the Roman Empire could meet these high-level military costs." A further 25 million sesterces in state revenues was gathered by taxing the Roman exported goods loaded on ships destined for Arabia and India (worth roughly 100 million in total).

Advertising
In ancient Rome businesses advertised themselves primarily through word of mouth, the usage of the trade sign, and through black or red writings inscribed on surfaces. They were displayed as frescoes or mosaics. Masters would task their slaves with inscribing advertisements onto the walls of ancient Roman settlements. In ancient Rome, graffiti was the equivalent of billboards. Goods and products in ancient Rome may have carried inscriptions which were used to advertise other goods and services. Toy chariots were inscribed with the names of famous charioteers and lamps and bowls had images of famous gladiators. It was also common for merchants to advertise their brands on amphorae. These markers were known as the titulus pictus. They were used to convey information about the good and provide an easily recognizable label that attracted consumers to the product. Merchants would hire orators to spread the news of their product on the streets of the Roman cities. Wealthy businessmen would pay people to mention their business in literature.

Roman vendors could also market based on their own unique product brand. In Pompeii merchants advertised their own brands of garum, a Roman fish sauce, based on its ingredients, processing, and the manufacturer. Two known marketing slogans from Pompeii are "essence of the best mackerel" and "best available." Wine merchants in ancient Rome used positioning, which is a marketing term referring to the place a brand holds in the customer's minds. They marketed their wine as high-class.

Archaeological excavations in Pompeii revealed one advertisement that stated:

"The gladiators owned by Aulus Suettius Certus will fight at Pompeii on May 31. There will be an animal hunt and awnings will be provided."

- Unknown Advertising in ancient Rome served multiple purposes. It helped businesses market their services, it promoted politicians, and it advertised games and entertainment.

title: Roman economy


text:
Nirim

Nirim (נִירִים, lit. plowed fields) is a kibbutz in the northwestern Negev in Israel. Located near the border with the Gaza Strip, about 7 km east of Khan Yunis, it falls under the jurisdiction of Eshkol Regional Council. In it had a population of.

History
The kibbutz was established in October 1946 as part of the 11 points in the Negev plan aimed at establishing a Jewish presence in the Negev in order to claim it as part of a future Jewish state. It was named after the Nir brigade of the Hashomer Hatzair youth movement, some of whose members helped establish the kibbutz, and was originally established on a site called "Dangour", where kibbutz Sufa is now. One of the founders was Dan Zur, who became one of Israel's leading landscape architects. At the outbreak of the 1948 Arab–Israeli War on 15 May 1948, the kibbutz was first Jewish settlement in Israel to be attacked by the Egyptian army, in the Battle of Nirim. It had 39 defenders. During the battle, the Egyptians came within 25 meters of the kibbutz perimeter and eight of the kibbutz defenders were killed, before Egyptians withdrew. All of the houses were destroyed in the attack. Nirim remained an Israel Defense Forces (IDF) outpost against the Egyptian army throughout the war.

In 1948, the family of Salman Abu Sitta was forcibly expelled from the area, and their land, which was then known as Ma'in Abu Sitta, subsequently used to expand the kibbutz.

After the war, the IDF wanted the site because of its strategic location, while the kibbutzniks wanted to move north, to the line of 200 millimeters of rain a year, so the kibbutz moved some 12 kilometers northeast to its present location, next to the site of an ancient synagogue at Horvat Maon. During the Mapam split of 1952, Moshe Sneh's supporters were banished from the kibbutz. Until 1956, it was targeted by Fedayeen attacks from the Gaza Strip.

Since 2000, Nirim has been hit by Qassam rockets fired from the Gaza Strip. After Israel's launching of Operation Cast Lead, in January 2009, most of Nirim's members, as well as other villages near the Gaza Strip, were evacuated. Dozens of families from Nirim stayed at kibbutz Mishmar HaEmek in the Jezreel Valley for a month, until the end of the operation. On August 26, 2014, on the last day of Operation Protective Edge, the head of security, Ze'ev "Ze'evik" Etzion and the assistant head of security Shachar Melamed, were killed in a rocket attack. They were both working with a team of electricians and other kibbutz members, attempting to reinstate the electricity to the community after the high voltage tower that supplied electricity to the whole kibbutz was hit by a rocket earlier the same day. The same rocket attack that killed Ze'evik and Shachar, blew off the legs of Gadi Yarkoni, who has since been elected mayor of the Eshkol Regional Council, and currently serving his second term.

October 2023 Hamas-led attack
Nirim was one of the Israeli villages attacked by Hamas forces in the 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel. At least five people were killed in the attack and many were injured. Some members of the kibbutz were kidnapped to Gaza. About seven hours after the forces entered the kibbutz, IDF soldiers killed nine Hamas fighters that were still there. The forces inflicted significant damage upon the kibbutz. In response, a crowdfunding initiative was initiated to support the kibbutz's restoration, amassing over half a million shekels within just a few days.

Economy
Nirim produces organically grown peanuts, sweet potatoes, turnips, carrots, wheat, barley, avocado and other vegetables, and exports them to Europe. The farmers work the land right up to the Gaza Strip barrier. After Israel's disengagement from Gaza in 2005, the Defense Ministry decided to construct a security strip in the area surrounding Gaza, which was to run through Nirim agricultural territory. Nirim was asked to concede NIS 1 million of its compensation funds.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Nirim


text:
Talk:Stir Crazy (restaurant)

Untitled
page updated with a bit more beef, what was there was just a placeholder while i got the disambiguation worked out. I'll try to upload a pic in the next few days.

Also- if you are ever at stir crazy, give the thai sticky wings a shot :)

One of the most overpriced restaurants in the US. We spent over 40 dollars for two people and didn't even get full. And the food wasn't even very good. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 69.243.177.189 (talk) 00:03, 17 March 2008 (UTC)

WP:FOOD Tagging
This article talk page was automatically added with WikiProject Food and drink banner as it falls under Category:Restaurants or one of its subcategories. If you find this addition an error, Kindly undo the changes and update the inappropriate categories if needed. You can find the related request for tagging here -- TinucherianBot (talk) 11:14, 2 July 2008 (UTC)

Having worked at one personally for over two years at the Michigan location i can tell you first hand Adam Smith the General Manager does not know how to run a business, he didn't even finish high school. his lack of respect for his employees and his numerous "flings" with underage hostess and servers is enough to make you sick and thats not even the half of it, i could go on but i don't want to waste my time even thinking about him. If you ever do go there to eat and i hope you never do ask for Adam and bitch up a storm your meal will be free. and the appetizer coconut shrimp $8.54 is now more then the price of the entree sweet and sour chicken at around $8.00. Just don't waste your time or money unless you want a free meal. i'm not going to lie the food was good when worked there because i cared about what people were ordering but i can honestly tell you none of the mexicans back there give a fuck about you or your food!

External links modified
Hello fellow Wikipedians,

I have just added archive links to 1 one external link on Stir Crazy (restaurant). Please take a moment to review my edit. If necessary, add after the link to keep me from modifying it. Alternatively, you can add to keep me off the page altogether. I made the following changes:
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/20101009083650/http://stircrazy.com/company/details.aspx?pressID=16 to http://www.stircrazy.com/company/details.aspx?pressID=16

When you have finished reviewing my changes, please set the checked parameter below to true to let others know.

Cheers.—cyberbot II  Talk to my owner :Online 12:12, 11 January 2016 (UTC)

A farewell message from our owner, Andy Spann:
50.254.21.211 (talk) 03:12, 26 April 2021 (UTC) 50.254.21.211 (talk) 03:27, 26 April 2021 (UTC)
 * https://www.facebook.com/stircrazyfresh/videos/280028016320473/
 * https://www.stlmag.com/dining/jeff-daniels-takes-the-helm-at-stir-crazy-in-creve-coeur/

title: Talk:Stir Crazy (restaurant)


text:
Colin Groves

Colin Peter Groves (24 June 1942 – 30 November 2017) was a British-Australian biologist and anthropologist. Groves was Professor of Biological Anthropology at the Australian National University in Canberra, Australia.

Education
Born in England, Groves completed a Bachelor of Science at University College London in 1963, and a Doctor of Philosophy at the Royal Free Hospital School of Medicine in 1966. From 1966 to 1973, he was a postdoctoral researcher and teaching fellow at the University of California, Berkeley, Queen Elizabeth College and the University of Cambridge.

Career
Groves emigrated to Australia in 1973 and joined the Australian National University, where he was promoted to full professor in 2000 and remained emeritus professor until his death.

Along with the Czech biologist Professor Vratislav Mazák, Groves was the describer of Homo ergaster. Groves also wrote Primate Taxonomy published by the Smithsonian Institution Press in 2001, and Ungulate Taxonomy, co-authored by Peter Grubb (2011, Johns Hopkins Press).

He was an active member of the Australian Skeptics and had many published sceptical papers, as well as research papers covering his other research interests. He also conducted regular debates with creationists and anti-evolutionists. Groves opposed the arguments of creationism, stating "It is a great mistake to ignore the threat: it will not just go away, it must be countered. ... Scientists, but most especially archaeologists, are in the front line; we, not the artists or the politicians, are the ones with ammunition to stem the tide of creationist rubbish, and relegate it to Monty Python's Flying Circus where it belongs."

Research interests
Groves' research interests included human evolution, primates, mammalian taxonomy, skeletal analysis, biological anthropology, ethnobiology, cryptozoology, and biogeography. He conducted extensive fieldwork in Kenya, Tanzania, Rwanda, India, Iran, China, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Death and legacy
Groves died on 30 November 2017 at the age of 75. In 2018, he was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award of the International Primatological Society in 2018 in Nairobi, becoming the first posthumous person to receive this award.

Selected publications

title: Colin Groves


text:
Donat

Donat may refer to:

People

 * Camille Donat (born 1988), French triathlete
 * Donat, Bishop of Dublin (died 1074), first bishop of Dublin
 * Robert Donat (1905–1958), English actor
 * Peter Donat (1928–2018), Canadian actor, nephew of Robert
 * Richard Donat (born 1941), Canadian actor, nephew of Robert
 * Rosa Donat (born 1960), Spanish mathematician
 * Jan Piwnik (1912–1944), Polish World War II soldier who used the nom de guerre Donat
 * Donat Savoie, Canadian anthropologist

Other uses

 * Donat, Switzerland, a municipality
 * Donat of the Order of St John, contributor to its funds

title: Donat


text:
List of high schools in Florida

This is a list of high schools in the U.S. state of Florida.

Alachua County

 * First Christian Academy, High Springs
 * Hawthorne Middle/High School, Hawthorne
 * Newberry High School, Newberry
 * Santa Fe High School, Alachua

Public/magnet/charter

 * Alachua eSchool
 * Buchholz High School
 * Eastside High School
 * Gainesville High School
 * Loften High School
 * P. K. Yonge Developmental Research School
 * SIATech Gainesville

Private/religious

 * Christian Life Academy
 * Cornerstone Academy
 * Oak Hall High School
 * Passage Christian Academy
 * The Rock School
 * St. Francis High School
 * Windsor Christian Academy

Baker County

 * Baker County High School, Glen St. Mary

Bay County

 * J.R. Arnold High School, Panama City Beach

Lynn Haven

 * A. Crawford Mosley High School
 * New Horizons Learning Center

Public

 * A. D. Harris High School
 * Bay High School
 * Deane Bozeman School
 * Rutherford High School

Charter/magnet

 * AMIKids Panama City Marine Institute
 * Chautauqua Learn & Serve Charter School
 * Haney Technical High School
 * Newpoint Bay High School
 * North Bay Haven Career Academy
 * Palm Bay Prep Academy
 * Rising Leaders Academy
 * Rosenwald High School

Private/religious

 * Covenant Christian School
 * Panama City Advanced School

Starke

 * Bradford High School
 * Bradford-Union Technical Center
 * Hope Christian Academy
 * Northside Christian Academy

Brevard County

 * Cocoa Beach High School, Cocoa Beach
 * Rockledge High School, Rockledge
 * Satellite High School, Satellite Beach
 * Viera High School, Viera

Cocoa

 * Cocoa High School
 * Space Coast Christian Academy
 * Space Coast Junior/Senior High School

Melbourne

 * Eau Gallie High School
 * Florida Preparatory Academy
 * Holy Trinity Episcopal Academy
 * Melbourne Central Catholic High School
 * Melbourne High School
 * Palm Bay Magnet High School
 * Parkhurst Academy
 * RFM Christian Academy
 * Sancta Familia Academy
 * Wade Christian Academy
 * West Shore Junior – Senior High School

Merritt Island

 * Brevard Private Academy
 * Edgewood Junior/Senior High School
 * Merritt Island Christian School
 * Merritt Island High School

Palm Bay

 * Bayside High School
 * Covenant Christian School
 * Heritage High School
 * Odyssey Charter School
 * Riverdale Country School

Titusville

 * Astronaut High School
 * Titusville High School

West Melbourne

 * Brevard Academy
 * West Melbourne Christian Academy

Broward County

 * Hallandale High School, Hallandale Beach
 * Lauderhill 6-12 STEM-MED, Lauderhill
 * Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School, Parkland
 * Millennium 6-12 Collegiate Academy, Tamarac
 * Piper High School, Sunrise

Coconut Creek

 * Atlantic Technical Center
 * Coconut Creek High School
 * Monarch High School
 * North Broward Preparatory School

Cooper City

 * Cooper City Christian Academy
 * Cooper City High School
 * Westlake Preparatory School & Academy

Coral Springs

 * Coral Glades High School
 * Coral Springs Charter School
 * Coral Springs Christian Academy
 * Coral Springs High School
 * J. P. Taravella High School

Davie

 * American Preparatory Academy
 * College Academy at Broward Community College
 * Conservatory Prep Senior High School
 * McFatter Technical Center
 * Nova High School
 * Sterling Academy
 * University School of Nova Southeastern University
 * Western High School

Deerfield Beach

 * Deerfield Beach High School
 * Highlands Christian Academy

Fort Lauderdale

 * Academic Solutions Academy
 * Archbishop Edward A. McCarthy High School
 * Calvary Christian Academy
 * Cardinal Gibbons High School
 * Dillard High School
 * Fort Lauderdale High School
 * Fort Lauderdale Preparatory School
 * Holy Temple Christian Academy
 * Pine Crest School
 * St. Thomas Aquinas High School
 * Stranahan High School
 * Westminster Academy

Hollywood

 * Avant Garde Academy Broward
 * Ben Gamla Charter School
 * Calvary Christian Academy
 * Chaminade-Madonna College Preparatory School
 * Hollywood Hills High School
 * International School of Broward
 * McArthur High School
 * Sheridan Hills Christian School
 * South Broward High School

Lauderdale Lakes, Florida

 * Boyd H. Anderson High School
 * Rhema Word Christian Academy

Margate, Florida

 * Ascend Academy Charter High School
 * Broward Math & Science Schools
 * Phyl's Academy

Miramar, Florida

 * Everglades High School
 * Miramar High School

Oakland Park, Florida

 * Lighthouse Christian Academy
 * Northeast High School

Pembroke Pines, Florida

 * Charles W. Flanagan High School
 * Pembroke Pines Charter High School
 * West Broward High School

Plantation

 * American Heritage School
 * David Posnack Hebrew Day School
 * Plantation High School
 * South Plantation High School

Pompano Beach

 * Blanche Ely High School
 * Pompano Beach High School

Weston, Florida

 * Cypress Bay High School
 * Sagemont Upper School

Calhoun County

 * Altha Public School (K-12), Altha
 * Blountstown High School, Blountstown

Charlotte County

 * Charlotte High School, Punta Gorda
 * Lemon Bay High School, Englewood
 * Port Charlotte High School, Port Charlotte

Public

 * Citrus High School, Inverness
 * Crystal River High School, Crystal River
 * Cypress Creek Academy, Lecanto
 * Lecanto High School, Lecanto
 * Withlacoochee Technical Institute, Inverness

Charter

 * Academy of Environmental Science, Crystal River

Clay County

 * Clay High School, Green Cove Springs
 * Fleming Island High School, Orange Park
 * Keystone Heights Junior-Senior High School, Keystone Heights
 * Middleburg High School, Middleburg
 * Oakleaf High School, Orange Park
 * Orange Park High School, Orange Park
 * Ridgeview High School, Orange Park
 * St. Johns Country Day School, Orange Park

Collier County

 * Barron G. Collier High School, Naples
 * The Community School of Naples, Naples
 * Everglades High School, Everglades City
 * First Baptist Academy High School, Naples
 * Golden Gate High School, Naples
 * Gulf Coast High School, Naples
 * Immokalee High School, Immokalee
 * Lely High School, Naples
 * Lorenzo Walker Technical High School, Naples
 * Naples High School, Naples
 * Palmetto Ridge High School, Naples
 * Rhodora J. Donahue Academy of Ave Maria, Ave Maria
 * St. John Neumann High School, Naples
 * Seacrest Country Day School, Naples

Columbia County

 * Challenge Learning Center, Lake City
 * Columbia High School, Lake City
 * Fort White High School, Fort White
 * Lake City Christian Academy, Lake City

DeSoto County

 * DeSoto High School, Arcadia
 * Heritage Baptist Academy, Arcadia
 * Life Christian Academy, Arcadia
 * Peace River Valley Church Academy, Arcadia

Dixie County

 * Dixie County High School, Cross City

Public

 * A. Philip Randolph Academies of Technology, Jacksonville
 * Andrew Jackson High School, Jacksonville
 * Atlantic Coast High School, Jacksonville
 * Baldwin Middle-Senior High, Baldwin
 * Douglas Anderson School of the Arts, Jacksonville
 * Duncan U. Fletcher High School, Neptune Beach
 * Edward H. White High School, Jacksonville
 * Englewood High School, Jacksonville
 * First Coast High School, Jacksonville
 * Frank H. Peterson Academies of Technology, Jacksonville
 * Jean Ribault High School, Jacksonville
 * Riverside High School, Jacksonville (formerly Robert E. Lee High School)
 * Sandalwood High School, Jacksonville
 * Samuel W. Wolfson High School, Jacksonville
 * Terry Parker High School, Jacksonville
 * Westside High School, Jacksonville
 * William M. Raines High School, Jacksonville

Magnet

 * Darnell-Cookman School of the Medical Arts, Jacksonville
 * Mandarin High School, Jacksonville
 * Paxon School for Advanced Studies, Jacksonville
 * Stanton College Preparatory School, Jacksonville

Alternative

 * Grand Park Center, Jacksonville
 * Marine Science Education Center, Atlantic Beach

Charter

 * Duval Charter High School at Baymeadows
 * Pathways Academy
 * River City Science Academy
 * School for Integrated Academics and Technology
 * SOS Academy Charter
 * Wayman Academy of the Arts

Private

 * Bishop Kenny High School, Jacksonville
 * Bishop Snyder High School, Jacksonville
 * Bolles School, Jacksonville
 * Christian Heritage Academy, Jacksonville
 * Christ's Church Academy, Jacksonville
 * Episcopal High School, Jacksonville
 * First Coast Christian School, Jacksonville
 * Jacksonville Country Day School, Jacksonville
 * Parson's Christian Academy, Jacksonville
 * Potter's House Christian Academy, Jacksonville
 * Providence School, Jacksonville
 * Seacoast Christian Academy, Jacksonville
 * Trinity Christian Academy, Jacksonville
 * University Christian School, Jacksonville
 * West Meadows Baptist Academy, Jacksonville
 * Victory Christian Academy, Jacksonville

Escambia County

 * Booker T. Washington High School, Pensacola
 * East Hill Christian School, Pensacola
 * Escambia Charter School, Gonzalez
 * Escambia High School, Pensacola
 * J. M. Tate High School, Gonzalez
 * Northview High School, Century
 * Pensacola Catholic High School, Pensacola
 * Pensacola Christian Academy, Pensacola
 * Pensacola High School, Pensacola
 * Pensacola School Of Liberal Arts, Pensacola
 * Pine Forest High School, Pensacola
 * Ruby J. Gainer Charter School, Pensacola
 * West Florida High School of Advanced Technology, Pensacola
 * Woodham High School, Pensacola (currently being used as a middle school)

Flagler County

 * Flagler Palm Coast High School, Palm Coast
 * Matanzas High School, Palm Coast

Franklin County

 * Franklin County School, Eastpoint

Gadsden County

 * East Gadsden High School, Havana
 * West Gadsden High School, Greensboro

Private

 * Robert F. Munroe Day School, Gadsden County
 * Tallavana Christian School, Havana

Gilchrist County

 * Bell High School, Bell
 * Trenton High School, Trenton

Glades County

 * Moore Haven Junior/Senior High School, Moore Haven

Gulf County

 * Port St. Joe High School, Port St. Joe
 * Wewahitchka High School, Wewahitchka

Hamilton County

 * Corinth Christian Academy, Jasper
 * Hamilton County High School, Jasper

Hardee County

 * Hardee Senior High School, Wauchula

Hendry County

 * Ahfachkee Day School, Clewiston
 * Clewiston High School, Clewiston
 * International Christian Academy, LaBelle
 * LaBelle High School, LaBelle

Hernando County

 * Central High School, Brooksville
 * Frank W. Springstead High School, Spring Hill
 * Hernando Christian Academy, Brooksville
 * Hernando High School, Brooksville
 * Nature Coast Technical High School, Brooksville
 * Spring Hill Christian Academy, Spring Hill
 * Weeki Wachee High School, Weeki Wachee
 * West Hernando Christian School, Spring Hill

Highlands County

 * Avon Park High School, Avon Park
 * Heartland Christian School, Sebring
 * Lake Placid High School, Lake Placid
 * Sebring High School, Sebring
 * Walker Memorial Academy, Avon Park

Hillsborough County

 * A. P. Leto High School, Tampa
 * Academy of the Holy Names (all-female), Tampa
 * Armwood High School, Seffner
 * Bayshore Christian School, Tampa
 * Bell Creek Academy, Riverview
 * Berkeley Preparatory School, Tampa
 * Bloomingdale High School, Valrico
 * Brandon High School, Brandon
 * Braulio Alonso High School, Tampa
 * Brooks-DeBartolo Collegiate High School, Tampa
 * C. Leon King High School, Tampa
 * Carrollwood Day School, Carrolwood
 * Central Baptist School, Brandon
 * Durant High School, Plant City
 * Earl J. Lennard High School, Ruskin
 * East Bay High School, Gibsonton
 * Faith Baptist School, Brandon
 * Falkenburg Academy, Tampa
 * Florida College Academy, Temple Terrace
 * Foundation Christian Academy, Valrico
 * Freedom High School, Tampa
 * George D. Chamberlain High School, Tampa
 * George S. Middleton High School, Tampa
 * Grace Christian School, Valrico
 * Henry B. Plant High School, Tampa
 * Heritage Academy
 * Hillsborough Baptist School, Seffner
 * Hillsborough High School, Tampa
 * Howard W. Blake High School, Tampa
 * Jesuit High School of Tampa (all-male), Tampa
 * Joe E. Newsome High School, Lithia
 * Legacy Christian Academy, Seffner
 * Millburn High School, Tampa
 * Paul R. Wharton High School, Tampa
 * Pepin Academy, Tampa
 * Pivot Charter School, Riverview
 * Plant City High School, Plant City
 * Providence Christian School, Riverview
 * Riverview High School, Riverview
 * St. Stephen Catholic School, Lithia
 * Seffner Christian Academy, Seffner
 * Seminole Heights Charter School, Tampa
 * Sickles High School, Tampa
 * Spoto High School, Riverview
 * Steinbrenner High School, Lutz
 * Sumner High School, Riverview
 * Tampa Baptist Academy, Tampa
 * Tampa Bay Technical High School, Tampa
 * Tampa Catholic High School, Tampa
 * Tampa Preparatory School, Tampa
 * Thomas Jefferson High School, Tampa
 * Thomas Richard Robinson High School, Tampa
 * Tropical Acres Christian Academy, Riverview
 * Vivian Gaither High School, Tampa
 * West University Charter School, Tampa

Holmes County

 * Bethlehem High School, Bonifay
 * Holmes County High School, Bonifay
 * Ponce de Leon High School, Ponce de Leon
 * Poplar Springs High School, Graceville

Indian River County

 * Indian River Charter High School, Vero Beach
 * Saint Edwards School, Vero Beach
 * Sebastian River High School, Sebastian
 * Vero Beach High School, Vero Beach

Jackson County

 * Cottondale High School, Cottondale
 * Graceville High School, Graceville
 * Grand Ridge High School, Grand Ridge
 * Hope School, Marianna
 * Jackson Academy of Applied Technology, Marianna
 * Malone High School, Malone
 * Marianna High School, Marianna
 * Sneads High School, Sneads

Jefferson County

 * Aucilla Christian Academy, Monticello
 * Jefferson County Middle / High School, Monticello

Lafayette County

 * Lafayette High School, Mayo
 * Lighthouse Christian School, Mayo

Lake County

 * East Ridge High School, Clermont
 * Eustis High School, Eustis
 * Lake Minneola High School, Minneola
 * Leesburg High School, Leesburg
 * Mount Dora High School, Mount Dora
 * South Lake High School, Groveland
 * Tavares High School, Tavares
 * Umatilla High School, Umatilla

Private

 * Christian Home & Bible School, aka Mount Dora Bible, Mount Dora
 * Faith Lutheran School, Eustis
 * First Academy High School, Leesburg
 * Hampden DuBose Academy, Mount Dora
 * Montverde Academy, Montverde
 * Real Life Christian Academy, Clermont

Charter

 * Alee Academy Charter, Umatilla
 * The Villages Charter High School, The Villages

Lee County

 * Bonita Springs High School, Bonita Springs
 * Cape Coral High School, Cape Coral
 * Cypress Lake High School, Fort Myers
 * Dunbar High School, Fort Myers
 * East Lee County High School, Lehigh Acres
 * Estero High School, Estero
 * Fort Myers Senior High School, Fort Myers
 * Gateway High School, Fort Myers
 * Ida S. Baker High School, Cape Coral
 * Island Coast High School, Cape Coral
 * Lee County High Technical Center Central, Fort Myers
 * Lee County High Technology Center North, Cape Coral
 * Lehigh Senior High School, Lehigh Acres
 * Mariner High School, Cape Coral
 * North Fort Myers High School, North Fort Myers
 * Riverdale High School, Fort Myers
 * South Fort Myers High School, Fort Myers

Charter

 * Florida SouthWestern Collegiate High School, Fort Myers
 * Gateway Charter High School, Fort Myers
 * Oasis Charter High School, Cape Coral
 * Pivot Charter High School, Fort Myers

Private

 * Bishop Verot High School, Fort Myers
 * Canterbury School, Fort Myers
 * Cape Coral Christian School, Cape Coral
 * Evangelical Christian School, Fort Myers
 * Southwest Florida Marine Institute, Fort Myers

Leon County

 * Amos P. Godby High School, Tallahassee
 * Christ Classical Academy School, Tallahassee
 * Community Christian School, Tallahassee
 * Ecclesia Christian Academy, Tallahassee
 * Florida Agricultural and Mechanical High School, Tallahassee
 * Florida State University School/Florida High, Tallahassee
 * James S. Rickards High School, Tallahassee
 * John Paul II Catholic High School, Tallahassee
 * Lawton Chiles High School, Tallahassee
 * Leon High School, Tallahassee
 * Lighthouse Christian Academy, Tallahassee
 * Lincoln High School, Tallahassee
 * Maclay School, Tallahassee
 * Maranatha Christian School, Tallahassee
 * North Florida Christian High School, Tallahassee
 * SAIL High School, Tallahassee
 * Woodland Hall Academy, Tallahassee

Levy County

 * Bronson High School, Bronson
 * Cedar Key School, Cedar Key
 * Chiefland High School, Chiefland
 * New Hope Charter School, Chiefland
 * Williston High School, Williston

Liberty County

 * Liberty County High School, Bristol

Madison County

 * Madison County High School, Madison

Manatee County

 * Bayshore High School, Bradenton
 * Braden River High School, Bradenton
 * Bradenton Christian School, Bradenton
 * Lakewood Ranch High School, Bradenton
 * Manatee High School, Bradenton
 * Manatee School for the Arts, Palmetto
 * PAL Opportunity Charter School, Bradenton
 * Palmetto High School, Palmetto
 * Richard Milburn Academy, Bradenton
 * Southeast High School, Bradenton

Private

 * Community Christian School, Bradenton
 * St. Stephen's Episcopal School, Bradenton

Public

 * Belleview High School, Belleview
 * CFCC Academy, Belleview
 * Dunnellon High School, Dunnellon
 * Forest High School, Ocala
 * Lake Weir High School, Ocala
 * Marion Technical Institute, Ocala
 * North Marion High School, Citra
 * Vanguard High School, Ocala
 * West Port High School, Ocala

Private

 * Ocala Christian Academy, Ocala
 * St. John Lutheran School, Ocala
 * Trinity Catholic High School, Ocala

Public

 * Clark Advanced Learning Center, dual enrollment high school, Stuart
 * Jensen Beach High School, Jensen Beach
 * Martin County High School, Stuart
 * South Fork High School, Stuart

Private

 * Community Christian Academy, Stuart
 * Hobe Sound Christian Academy, Hobe Sound
 * The Pine School, Hobe Sound/Stuart

Public

 * Alonzo and Tracy Mourning Senior High Biscayne Bay Campus, North Miami
 * American High School, Miami
 * Barbara Goleman High School, Miami Lakes
 * Booker T. Washington High School, Miami
 * Coral Gables Senior High School, Coral Gables
 * Dr. Michael M. Krop High School, Miami
 * Felix Varela High School, Miami
 * G. Holmes Braddock High School, Miami
 * Hialeah Gardens High School, Hialeah
 * Hialeah High School, Hialeah
 * Hialeah-Miami Lakes High School, Hialeah/Miami Lakes
 * Homestead High School, Homestead
 * John A. Ferguson High School, Miami
 * Miami Beach High School, Miami Beach
 * Miami Carol City High School, Miami Gardens
 * Miami Central High School, Miami
 * Miami Coral Park High School, Miami
 * Miami Edison Senior High School, Miami
 * Miami High School, Miami
 * Miami Jackson High School, Miami
 * Miami Killian High School, Miami
 * Miami Norland High School, Miami Gardens
 * Miami Northwestern High School, Miami
 * Miami Palmetto High School, Pinecrest
 * Miami Southridge High School, Cutler Bay
 * Miami Springs High School, Miami Springs
 * Miami Sunset High School, Miami
 * North Miami Beach High School, North Miami Beach
 * North Miami Senior High School, North Miami
 * Ronald W. Reagan Doral High School, Doral
 * South Dade High School, Homestead
 * South Miami High School, South Miami
 * Southwest Miami High School, Miami
 * Westland Hialeah High School, Hialeah
 * Young Men's Preparatory Academy (all-boys), Miami

Private

 * AIU High School, North Miami Beach
 * Allison Academy School, North Miami Beach
 * Archbishop Coleman F. Carroll High School, Miami
 * Archbishop Curley-Notre Dame High School, Miami
 * Belen Jesuit Preparatory School (all-boys), Miami
 * Carrollton School of the Sacred Heart (all-girls), Miami
 * Champagnat Catholic School, Hialeah
 * Christopher Columbus High School (all-boys), Miami
 * Colonial Christian School of Homestead, Homestead
 * Dade Christian School, Miami Lakes
 * Edison Private School, Hialeah
 * Florida Christian School, Miami
 * Greater Miami Adventist Academy, Miami
 * Gulliver Preparatory School, Miami
 * Immaculata-Lasalle High School, Miami
 * International Studies Charter High School, Coral Gables
 * La Progresiva Presbyterian School, Miami
 * Miami Christian School, Miami
 * Miami Country Day School, Miami
 * Monsignor Edward Pace High School, Miami
 * Northwest Christian Academy, North Miami
 * Our Lady of Lourdes Academy (all-girls), Miami
 * Palmer Trinity School, Palmetto Bay
 * Palmetto Bay Academy, Palmetto Bay
 * Princeton Christian School, Homestead
 * Rabbi Alexander S. Gross Hebrew Academy, Miami Beach
 * Ransom Everglades School, Miami
 * Riviera Schools, Miami
 * St. Brendan High School, Miami
 * Samuel Scheck Hillel Community Day School, North Miami Beach
 * Westminster Christian School, Miami
 * Westwood Christian Day Schools, Miami
 * Yeshiva Toras Chaim Jewish School, Miami Beach

Magnet

 * Coral Reef High School, Miami (magnet)
 * Design and Architecture High School, Miami (architecture magnet)
 * José Marti Math and Science Technology (MAST) 6-12 Academy (math, science and technology magnet)
 * MAST Academy, Miami (maritime and science technology magnet)
 * Miami Arts Studio 6-12 @ Zelda Glazer (music, visual arts, broadcasting, technology production, theatre, dance, orchestra and band)
 * Miami Lakes Educational Center, Miami Lakes (technical magnet)
 * New World School of the Arts, Miami (music, visual arts, dance, and theater magnet)
 * Robert Morgan Educational Center, Miami (vocational magnet)
 * School for Advanced Studies, Miami (college prep magnet)
 * School for Applied Technologies, Miami (magnet)
 * TERRA Environmental Research Institute, Miami (magnet)
 * William H. Turner Technical Arts High School, Miami (technical magnet)

Charter

 * Academy of Arts & Minds, Miami
 * Archimedean Upper Conservatory, Miami
 * Corporate Academy North, Miami
 * Corporate Academy South, Miami
 * Doctors Charter School of Miami Shores, Miami Shores
 * Doral Academy High School, Doral
 * Doral Performing Arts & Entertainment Academy, Doral
 * International Studies Charter High School, Miami
 * Keys Gate Charter High School, Homestead
 * Life Skills Center Miami-Dade County, Miami
 * Mater Academy Charter High School, Miami
 * Mater Academy East High School, Miami
 * Mater Performing Arts & Entertainment Academy, Miami
 * Miami Arts Charter School, Miami
 * School for Integrated Academics & Technologies (SIATech), Miami
 * Somerset Academy Charter High School, Miami
 * Transitional Learning Academy, Miami

Monroe County

 * Coral Shores High School, Plantation Key
 * Island Christian School, Plantation Key
 * Key West High School, Key West
 * Marathon High School, Marathon

Nassau County

 * Fernandina Beach High School, Fernandina Beach
 * Hilliard Middle-Senior High School, Hilliard
 * West Nassau High School, Callahan
 * Yulee High School, Yulee

Okaloosa County

 * Baker K-12 School, Baker
 * Calvary Christian Academy, Fort Walton Beach
 * Choctawhatchee Academy, Fort Walton Beach
 * Choctawhatchee Senior High School, Fort Walton Beach
 * Crestview High School, Crestview
 * Crestview Vocational-Technical Center, Crestview
 * Fort Walton Beach High School, Fort Walton Beach
 * Laurel Hill School (K-12), Laurel Hill
 * Niceville High School, Niceville
 * Okaloosa Applied Technology Center, Fort Walton Beach
 * Okaloosa-Walton Collegiate High School, Niceville
 * Rocky Bayou Christian School, Niceville

Okeechobee County

 * New Endeavor High School, Okeechobee
 * Okeechobee Alternative High School, Okeechobee (8 - 12 Grade)
 * Okeechobee High School, Okeechobee (10 - 12 Grade)
 * Tantie Juvenile Residential Facility

Orange County

 * Apopka High School, Apopka
 * Colonial High School, Orlando
 * Cypress Creek High School, Orlando
 * Dr. Phillips High School, Orlando
 * East River High School, Orlando
 * Edgewater High School, Orlando
 * Freedom High School, Orlando
 * Horizon High School, Winter Garden
 * Jones High School, Orlando
 * Lake Nona High School, Orlando
 * Lake Buena Vista High School, Orlando
 * Maynard Evans High School, Orlando
 * O-Tec Middle Florida Technology School, Orlando
 * O-Tec Westside Technology School, Winter Garden
 * Oak Ridge High School, Orlando
 * Ocoee High School, Ocoee
 * Olympia High School, Orlando
 * Robert Hungerford Preparatory High School, Eatonville
 * St. Lillie V. High School, Orlando
 * Timber Creek High School, Orlando
 * University High School, Orlando
 * Wekiva High School, Apopka
 * West Orange High School, Winter Garden
 * William R. Boone High School, Orlando
 * Windermere High School, Windermere
 * Winter Park High School, Winter Park

Private

 * Agape Christian Academy, Orlando
 * American School of Leadership, Orlando
 * Bishop Moore High School, Orlando
 * Central Florida Christian Academy, Orlando
 * Faith Christian Academy, Orlando
 * The First Academy, Orlando
 * Geneva School, Winter Park
 * Lake Highland Preparatory School, Orlando
 * Orangewood Christian School, Maitland
 * Orlando Lutheran Academy, Orlando
 * Pine Castle Christian Academy
 * Real Life Christian Academy, Clermont
 * Trinity Preparatory School, Winter Park
 * Windermere Preparatory School, Lake Butler

Osceola County

 * Celebration High School, Celebration
 * Gateway High School, Kissimmee
 * Harmony High School, Harmony
 * Heritage Christian School, Kissimmee
 * Liberty High School, Kissimmee
 * New Dimensions High School, Kissimmee
 * Osceola County School For The Arts, Kissimmee
 * Osceola High School, Kissimmee
 * Poinciana High School, Kissimmee
 * Professional and Technical High School, Kissimmee
 * St. Cloud High School, St. Cloud

Palm Beach County

 * American Heritage School, Delray Beach
 * Atlantic Community High School, Delray Beach
 * The Benjamin School, North Palm Beach
 * Boca Raton Christian School, Boca Raton
 * Boca Raton Community High School, Boca Raton
 * Boynton Beach Community High School, Boynton Beach
 * Cardinal Newman High School, West Palm Beach
 * Coastal Middle & Senior High School, Lake Park
 * Delray Youth Vocational, Delray Beach
 * Alexander W. Dreyfoos, Jr. School of the Arts, West Palm Beach
 * Dr. Joaquín García High School, Lake Worth Beach
 * Everglades Preparatory Academy, Pahokee
 * Forest Hill Community High School, West Palm Beach
 * Forest Trail Academy Online High School, Wellington
 * G-STAR School of the Arts for Motion Pictures and Television, West Palm Beach
 * Goliath Academy High School traditional and online high school, Wellington
 * Glades Central High School, Belle Glade
 * Grandview Preparatory School, Boca Raton
 * Gulfstream Goodwill Career Academy, Boca Raton
 * Harid Conservatory, Boca Raton
 * Inlet Grove Community High School, Riviera Beach
 * John I. Leonard High School, Greenacres
 * Jupiter Christian School, Jupiter
 * Jupiter Community High School, Jupiter
 * The King's Academy, West Palm Beach
 * Lake Worth Community High School, Lake Worth
 * Lake Worth Christian School, Boynton Beach
 * Life Skills Center of Palm Beach County, Boca Raton
 * Matlock Academy Private Prep High School, West Palm Beach
 * Olympic Heights Community High School, Boca Raton
 * Oxbridge Academy, West Palm Beach
 * Pahokee High School, Pahokee
 * Palm Beach Central High School, Wellington
 * Palm Beach Gardens Community High School, Palm Beach Gardens
 * Palm Beach Lakes Community High School, West Palm Beach
 * Park Vista Community High School, Lake Worth
 * Pope John Paul II High School, Boca Raton
 * Royal Palm Beach Community High School, Royal Palm Beach
 * St. Andrew's School, Boca Raton
 * Santaluces Community High School, Lantana
 * Seminole Ridge Community High School, Loxahatchee
 * South Technical Academy, Boynton Beach
 * Spanish River Community High School, Boca Raton
 * Suncoast Community High School, Riviera Beach
 * Survivors, West Palm Beach
 * Survivors Charter School, Boynton Beach
 * Toussaint L'Ouverture High School for Arts and Social Justice, Delray Beach
 * Weinbaum Yeshiva High School, Boca Raton
 * Wellington Community High School, Wellington
 * West Boca Raton Community High School, Boca Raton
 * West Technical Education Center, Belle Glade
 * William T. Dwyer High School, Palm Beach Gardens

Pasco County

 * Anclote High School, Holiday
 * East Pasco Adventist Academy, Dade City
 * F. K. Marchman Technical Center, New Port Richey
 * Fivay High School, Hudson
 * Genesis Preparatory School, New Port Richey
 * Gulf High School, New Port Richey
 * Hudson High School, Hudson
 * J. W. Mitchell High School, New Port Richey
 * Land o' Lakes High School, Land o' Lakes
 * Pasco High School, Dade City
 * Richard Milburn Academy, New Port Richey
 * Ridgewood High School, New Port Richey
 * River Ridge High School, New Port Richey
 * Sunlake High School, Land o' Lakes
 * Wesley Chapel High School, Wesley Chapel
 * Wiregrass Ranch High School, Wesley Chapel
 * Zephyrhills High School, Zephyrhills

Pinellas County

 * Anchor Academy, Dunedin
 * Bayside High School, Clearwater
 * Boca Ciega High School, Gulfport
 * Calvary Christian High School, Clearwater
 * Canterbury School of Florida, St. Petersburg
 * Clearwater Central Catholic High School, Clearwater
 * Clearwater High School, Clearwater
 * Countryside High School, Clearwater
 * Dixie M. Hollins High School, St. Petersburg
 * Dunedin Academy, Dunedin
 * Dunedin High School, Dunedin
 * East Lake High School, Tarpon Springs
 * Gibbs High School, St. Petersburg
 * Indian Rocks Christian School, Largo
 * Keswick Christian School, St. Petersburg
 * Lakewood High School, St. Petersburg
 * Largo High School, Largo
 * Lift Academy, Seminole
 * Newpoint Pinellas, Clearwater
 * Northeast High School, St. Petersburg
 * Northside Christian School, St. Petersburg
 * Osceola High School, Seminole
 * Palm Harbor Community School, Palm Harbor
 * Palm Harbor University High School, Palm Harbor
 * Pinellas County Center for the Arts, St. Petersburg
 * Pinellas Park High School, Largo
 * St. Petersburg Catholic High School, St. Petersburg
 * St. Petersburg Christian School, St. Petesrsburg
 * St. Petersburg Collegiate High School, St. Petersburg
 * St. Petersburg High School, St. Petersburg
 * Schiller Academy, Dunedin
 * Seminole High School, Seminole
 * Seminole Vocational Education Center, Seminole
 * Shorecrest Preparatory School, St. Petersburg
 * Tarpon Springs High School, Tarpon Springs
 * Veritas Academy, Largo

Polk County

 * All Saints' Academy, Winter Haven
 * ARC-Academic Research Center, Lakeland
 * Auburndale High School, Auburndale
 * Bartow High School, Bartow
 * Chain of Lakes Collegiate High School, Winter Haven
 * Collegiate High School, Lakeland
 * Daniel Jenkins Academy of Technology, Haines City
 * Fort Meade High School, Fort Meade
 * Frostproof Middle-Senior High School, Frostproof
 * Gause Academy of Leadership and Applied Technology, Bartow
 * George W. Jenkins High School, Lakeland
 * Haines City High School, Haines City
 * Kathleen High School, Lakeland
 * Lake Gibson High School, Lakeland
 * Lake Region High School, Eagle Lake
 * Lake Wales High School, Lake Wales
 * Lakeland Christian School, Lakeland
 * Lakeland High School, Lakeland
 * Lois Cowles Harrison Center for the Visual and Performing Arts, Lakeland
 * Maynard E. Traviss Technical Center, Lakeland
 * McKeel Academy of Technology, Lakeland
 * Mulberry High School, Mulberry
 * Ridge Community High School, Davenport
 * Ridge Technical Center, Winter Haven
 * Santa Fe Catholic High School, Lakeland
 * Summerlin Military Academy, Bartow
 * The Vanguard School, Lake Wales
 * Winter Haven High School, Winter Haven

Putnam County

 * Crescent City High School, Crescent City
 * Interlachen High School, Interlachen
 * Palatka High School, Palatka

Public

 * Allen D. Nease Senior High School, Ponte Vedra
 * Bartram Trail High School, St. Johns
 * Creekside High School, St. Johns
 * First Coast Skills Academy, St. Augustine
 * First Coast Technical High School, St. Augustine
 * Pedro Menendez High School, St. Augustine
 * Ponte Vedra High School, Ponte Vedra
 * St. Augustine High School, St. Augustine
 * St. Johns Technical High School, St. Augustine
 * Tocoi Creek High School, St. Augustine near the World Golf Village
 * Beachside High School, St. Johns

Private

 * St. Gerard Campus School, St. Augustine
 * St. Joseph Academy, St. Augustine

State

 * Florida School for the Deaf and the Blind, St. Augustine

Public

 * Fort Pierce Central High School, Fort Pierce
 * Fort Pierce Westwood Academy: The WEST Prep Magnet, Fort Pierce
 * Lincoln Park Academy, Fort Pierce
 * Port St. Lucie High School, Port St. Lucie
 * St. Lucie West Centennial High School, Port St. Lucie
 * Treasure Coast High School, Port St. Lucie

Private

 * Faith Baptist School, Fort Pierce
 * John Carroll Catholic High School, Fort Pierce
 * Morningside Academy, Port St. Lucie
 * Victory Forge Military Academy, Port St. Lucie

Santa Rosa County

 * Central High School, Milton
 * Gulf Breeze High School, Gulf Breeze
 * Jay High School, Jay
 * Locklin Technical Center, Milton
 * Milton High School, Milton
 * Navarre High School, Navarre
 * Pace High School, Pace
 * Victory Christian Academy, Jay

Sarasota County

 * Booker High School, Sarasota
 * North Port High School, North Port
 * Pine View School, Osprey
 * Riverview High School, Sarasota
 * Sarasota High School, Sarasota
 * Suncoast Polytechnical High School, Sarasota, Florida
 * Venice High School, Venice

Private

 * Bishop Nevins Academy
 * Cardinal Mooney High School
 * The GAP School
 * Julie Rohr Academy
 * Lutheran Ascension School
 * NewGate School
 * Out-of-Door Academy
 * Sarasota Christian School

Charter

 * Sarasota Military Academy

Seminole County

 * Crooms Academy of Information Technology, Sanford
 * Lake Brantley High School, Altamonte Springs
 * Lake Howell High School, Winter Park
 * Lake Mary High School, Lake Mary
 * Lyman High School, Longwood
 * Oviedo High School, Oviedo
 * Paul J. Hagerty High School, Oviedo
 * Quest Academy, Sanford
 * Seminole High School, Sanford
 * Winter Springs High School, Winter Springs

Private

 * Altamonte Christian School, Altamonte Springs
 * Bear Lake Christian School, Apopka
 * Champion Preparatory Academy, Altamonte Springs
 * Forest Lake Academy, Apopka
 * The Geneva School, Winter Park
 * Lake Mary Preparatory School, Lake Mary
 * Lawton Chiles Preparatory School, Winter Springs
 * Liberty Christian School, Sanford
 * Lighthouse Baptist Academy, Winter Park
 * The Master's Academy, Oviedo
 * New Life Christian Academy, Sanford
 * Orangewood Christian School, Maitland
 * The Regent Academy, Casselberry
 * RiverWalk Christian Academy, Sanford
 * St. Mary Magdalen Catholic School, Altamonte Springs
 * Trinity Preparatory School, Winter Park
 * The Trinity School, Fern Park

Sumter County

 * South Sumter High School, Bushnell
 * The Villages Charter High School, The Villages
 * Wildwood Middle High School, Wildwood

Suwannee County

 * Branford High School, Branford
 * The School Without Walls, Live Oak
 * Suwannee-Hamilton Area Vocational-Technical Center, Live Oak
 * Suwannee High School, Live Oak

Taylor County

 * Taylor County Area Vocational-Technical & General School, Perry
 * Taylor County High School, Perry

Union County

 * Union County High School, Lake Butler

Public

 * Atlantic High School, Port Orange
 * DeLand High School, DeLand
 * Deltona High School, Deltona
 * Mainland High School, Daytona Beach
 * New Smyrna Beach High School, New Smyrna Beach
 * Pine Ridge High School, Deltona
 * Seabreeze High School, Daytona Beach
 * Spruce Creek High School, Port Orange
 * University High School, Orange City
 * T. Dewitt Taylor Middle-High School, Pierson

Private

 * Calvary Christian Academy, Ormond Beach
 * Father Lopez Catholic High School, Daytona Beach
 * Lighthouse Christian Preparatory Academy, DeLand
 * Trinity Christian Academy, Deltona
 * Warner Christian Academy, South Daytona

Wakulla County

 * Wakulla High School, Crawfordville

Walton County

 * Freeport High School, Freeport
 * South Walton High School, Santa Rosa Beach
 * Walton Career Development Center, DeFuniak Springs
 * Walton Senior High School, DeFuniak Springs

Washington County

 * Chipley High School, Chipley
 * Vernon High School, Vernon

title: List of high schools in Florida


text:
Louisa Lawson

Louisa Lawson (née Albury) (17 February 1848 – 12 August 1920) was an Australian poet, writer, publisher, suffragist, and feminist. She was the mother of the poet and author Henry Lawson.

Early life
Louisa Albury was born on 17 February 1848 at Guntawang Station near Gulgong, New South Wales, the daughter of Henry Albury and Harriet Winn. She was the second of 12 children in a struggling family, and like many girls at that time left school at 13. On 7 July 1866 aged 18 she married Niels Larsen (Peter Lawson), a Norwegian sailor, at the Methodist parsonage at Mudgee, New South Wales. He was often away gold mining or working with his father-in-law, leaving her on her own to raise four children – Henry 1867, Lucy 1869, Jack 1873 and Poppy 1877, the twin of Tegan who died at eight months. Louisa grieved over the loss of Tegan for many years and left the care of her other children to the oldest child, Henry. This led to ill feelings on Henry's part towards his mother and the two often fought. In 1882 she, her children, and Border Collie Bryn moved to Sydney, where she managed boarding houses.

Publisher
Lawson used the money saved while running her boarding houses to purchase shares in the radical pro-federation newspaper The Republican in 1887. She and son Henry edited The Republican in 1887–88, which was printed on an old press in Louisa's cottage. The Republican called for an Australian republic uniting under 'the flag of a Federated Australia, the Great Republic of the Southern Seas'. The Republican was replaced by The Nationalist, but it lasted two issues.

With her earnings and her experience from working on The Republican, Lawson was able in May 1888, to edit and publish The Dawn, Australia's first journal produced solely by women, which was distributed throughout Australia and overseas. The Dawn had a strong feminist perspective and frequently addressed issues such as women's right to vote and assume public office, women's education, and economic and legal rights, domestic violence, and temperance. The Dawn was published monthly from its debut to 1905 and at its height employed 10 female staff. Lawson's son Henry also contributed poems and stories for the paper, and in 1894 The Dawn press printed Henry's first book, Short Stories in Prose and Verse.

Around 1904 Louisa published her own volume, Dert and Do, a simple story of 18,000 words. In 1905 she collected and published her own verses, The Lonely Crossing and other Poems. Louisa likely had a strong influence on her son's literary work in its earliest days.

Suffragist
In 1889 Lawson founded The Dawn Club, which became the hub of the suffrage movement in Sydney. In 1891 the Womanhood Suffrage League of New South Wales formed to campaign for women's suffrage, and Lawson allowed the League to use The Dawn office to print pamphlets and literature free of charge. When women were finally given the vote, in 1902 with the passing of the New South Wales Womanhood Suffrage Bill, Lawson was introduced to the members of Parliament as 'The Mother of Suffrage in New South Wales'.

Later life
Lawson retired in 1905 but continued to write for Sydney magazines and published The Lonely Crossing and Other Poems, a collection of 53 poems. She died on Thursday 12 August 1920 aged 72 after a long and painful illness in Gladesville Mental Hospital. On Saturday 14 August 1920, she was buried with her parents in the Church of England section of Rookwood Cemetery.

Memorials
In 1941, The Sydney Morning Herald reported a memorial seat was to be erected in The Domain, Sydney as a tribute to Louisa Lawson.

In 1975 Australia Post released a stamp in honour of Louisa. The Stamp was designed by Des and Jackie O'Brien, and was one in a series of six stamps released on 6 August 1975 to commemorate the International Year of Women. It was printed at the Melbourne Note Printing Branch, using the photogravure process in three colours.

The Louisa Lawson House, a mental healthcare centre for women which operated from 1982 to 1994, was named in her honour.

A park in Marrickville, New South Wales is named in her honour. The Louisa Lawson Reserve also contains a large colourful mosaic depicting the front cover of The Dawn, and a plaque that reads "Louisa Lawson (1848–1920) Social Reformer, Writer, Feminist and Mother of Henry Lawson. These stones are all that remain from the walls of her home in Renwick Street, Marrickville."

Louisa Lawson Crescent, in the Canberra suburb of Gilmore, is named in her honour.

Louisa Lawson Building, in the Canberra suburb of Greenway, is named in her honour. This building is currently occupied by Services Australia.

A statue of Louisa Lawson was unveiled outside the Library in Market St, Mudgee on 8 March 2023.

Selected single poems

 * "To a Bird" (1888)
 * "A Dream" (1891)
 * "A Birthday Wish" (1892)
 * "To a Bird" (1892)
 * "To My Sister" (1893)
 * "Lines Written During a Night Spent in a Bush Inn" (1901)
 * "The Digger's Daughter" (1903)
 * "The Hour is Come" (1903)
 * "Back Again" (1904)
 * "In Memoriam" (1905)
 * "A Child's Question" (1905)
 * "A Mother's Answer" (1905)

title: Louisa Lawson


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Kirk Baillie Foy

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was - deleted - SimonP 03:39, Jun 15, 2005 (UTC)

Kirk Baillie Foy
Vanity. Denni ☯ 01:14, 2005 May 31 (UTC)
 * Speedy --Xcali 01:52, 31 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Andrew Lenahan - St ar bli nd  02:29, May 31, 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity. - Etacar11 02:50, 31 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity. Double Blue  (Talk) 03:52, 31 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete vanity. Zzyzx11 (Talk) 05:25, 31 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, vanity. --Idont Havaname 05:53, 31 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete drini ☎ 05:56, 31 May 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete, vanity. Megan1967 10:44, 31 May 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages. Please do not edit this page.


text:
Mníšek pod Brdy

Mníšek pod Brdy is a town in Prague-West District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 6,300 inhabitants. The historic town centre and Skalka area are well preserved and are protected by law as an urban monument zone.

Etymology
The name Mníšek is a diminutive of mnich, which means 'monk' in Czech. The attribute pod Brdy means "below Brdy" and refers to the town's location.

Geography
Mníšek pod Brdy is located about 15 km southwest of Prague. It lies mostly in the Benešov Uplands, only the northern part of the municipal territory extends into the Brdy Highlands. The highest point is the Skalka hill at 553 m above sea level. A system of fishponds supplied by the stream of Bojovský potok is located in the centre of the town. The largest body of water is Sýkorník Pond east of the built-up area.

History
The first written mention of Mníšek pod Brdy is from 1348, when existence of the castle is mentioned. From 1487 to 1655, the estate was owned by the Lords of Mitrovice. In 1639, during the Thirty Years' War, Mníšek pod Brdy was damaged and looted by the Swedish army led by Johan Banér. In 1655, the estate was bought by Servác Engel of Engelsfluss, a burgher from Prague. He had repaired the castle. Among the following owners of the estate were the families of Unvert and Pachta of Rájov.

Transport
The D4 motorway from Prague to Písek runs through the territory of Mníšek pod Brdy.

Mníšek pod Brdy is located on the railway line Prague–Dobříš. The town is served by two train station: Mníšek pod Brdy and Rymaně.

Sport
Mníšek pod Brdy hosts an annual cross-country ultramarathon of 50 km length, which is part of the European Ultramarathon Cup.

Sights
Mníšek pod Brdy Castle is the main landmark of the town and its oldest building. It includes a fishpond and a small castle park. Today the castle is owned by the state and offers guided tours.

The main landmark of the town square is the Church of Saint Wenceslaus. It was built in 1743–1756 by an unknown architect on the place of a church which was burned down by the Swedish army in 1639.

The Baroque complex of Skalka is located on Skalka hill. It was built by Servác Engel of Engelsfluss in the 17th century. It includes the Chapel of Saint Mary Magdalene, a monastery, Stations of the Cross and a hermitage.

title: Mníšek pod Brdy


text:
User:Rick Block/WP600 not admins

 * This list (and users who have removed themselves from it) has been merged into List of non-admins with high edit counts

List of users in the top 600 in article space edits (from the 27 April 2005 WP:1000, i.e. more than ~2500 edits) who are not currently administrators (and not inactive or former administrators, and are not listed as having denied a nomination). If you are on this list and do not wish to be, please feel free to remove yourself. In fact, if you're on this list feel free to do pretty much anything you'd like with your own entry (alright, anything reasonable). Sorted alphabetically by user name.

Note: this list was generated manually (using tools such as vi, sort, etc.) starting with WP:1000 and WP:LA, not using database queries. There may well be mistakes or omissions. Users listed on Missing_Wikipedians are indicated as inactive.

* - indicates users who have expressed an interest in becoming an administrator. Previous unsuccessful nominations are indicated, also see Unsuccessful_adminship_candidacies. Users not previously nominated have added a '*' themselves in response to a message left on their talk page. Previously nominated users were starred by default, but were invited to remove it.

DISCLAIMER: This list indicates large numbers of edits, which generally (although not necessarily) indicates a more than casual dedication to improving Wikipedia's content. Users on this list, including those indicating an interest, may or may not make suitable administrators. Nominators are advised to check the balance of a potential nominee's edits between the main namespace, article talk, user talk, and posts to policy and Wikipedia discussion pages, and also to check that the nominee describes his or her edits accurately in edit summaries.

 * 1) user:23skidoo (promoted October 7, 2005: Requests for adminship/23skidoo)
 * 2) user:Abigail-II (no longer active)
 * 3) user:Acegikmo1
 * 4) *user:Acsenray
 * 5) *user:Alai
 * 6) *user:Alex.tan
 * 7) user:AlexPlank
 * 8) user:AlistairMcMillan (now an admin)
 * 9) *user:Alkivar (previously nominated 1st, 2nd)
 * 10) *user:Ancheta Wis
 * 11) user:Andries
 * 12) user:Andros 1337
 * 13) user:Antaeus Feldspar
 * 14) user:Anthony DiPierro (no longer very active)
 * 15) *user:Anárion (aka user:Jor, prevously nominated)
 * 16) user:AugPi
 * 17) * user:BD2412 (promoted December 8, 2005: Requests for adminship/BD2412)
 * 18) *user:BRG (previously nominated)
 * 19) user:Beland (now an admin)
 * 20) user:Bensaccount
 * 21) *user:Bevo
 * 22) user:Big iron
 * 23) user:BillCook (no longer active)
 * 24) user:Bluemoose (now an admin)
 * 25) *user:Bobblewik (previously nominated)
 * 26) +user:Bobo192 (Half a star, like MPF. So long as I'm considered capable.)
 * 27) user:Bogdangiusca
 * 28) user:Boothy443
 * 29) user:Branddobbe Thank you, but I would be a very irresponsible admin.
 * 30) user:Burschik
 * 31) user:Camerong
 * 32) *user:Cautious
 * 33) user:Ceyockey
 * 34) *user:Chameleon (#713 as of April 27) (previously nominated)
 * 35) user:ChicXulub (no longer active)
 * 36) user:Chris j wood
 * 37) user:Christian
 * 38) *user:DCEdwards1966 (previously nominated)
 * 39) user:DMG413 (inactive since 2 May 05)
 * 40) user:DO'Neil
 * 41) user:Danakil (no longer active)
 * 42) *user:Daniel C. Boyer
 * 43) user:DanielCD (now an admin)
 * 44) user:Darkcore
 * 45) user:Darwinek (now an admin)
 * 46) user:Decius
 * 47) *User:Den fjättrade ankan
 * 48) *user:Denelson83 (now an admin)
 * 49) user:Djegan
 * 50) user:Djinn112
 * 51) user:DocWatson42
 * 52) *user:Dominus
 * 53) *user:Dryazan
 * 54) user:Dsmdgold
 * 55) user:Eclecticology
 * 56) user:EdH
 * 57) *user:Edcolins (now an admin)
 * 58) *user:Eequor (previously nominated 1st, 2nd)
 * 59) *user:Egil (now an admin)
 * 60) *user:Ellmist
 * 61) user:Ellywa
 * 62) user:Emax (inactive since Feb 05)
 * 63) user:Emperorbma
 * 64) *user:Ericd
 * 65) user:Eugene van der Pijll (now an admin)
 * 66) user:Fastfission (now an admin)
 * 67) user:Fawcett5 (now an admin)
 * 68) user:Fg2
 * 69) user:Finn-Zoltan
 * 70) user:Fonzy (no longer active)
 * 71) user:Fuelbottle
 * 72) user:FuriousFreddy (aka user:B Touch, declined nomination in June 2005)
 * 73) user:GRAHAMUK
 * 74) user:Gary D (inactive since Feb 2005)
 * 75) user:Gene Nygaard
 * 76) user:GIen
 * 77) user:Gilgamesh
 * 78) user:Glenn
 * 79) user:GreatWhiteNortherner
 * 80) *user:Grendelkhan
 * 81) user:Greyengine5 (no longer active)
 * 82) user:Grm wnr (now an admin)
 * 83) user:Ground Zero (aka user:Kevintoronto) (now an admin - see RfA results)
 * 84) *user:Grstain
 * 85) user:Halibutt (currently disputed at Requests for adminship/Halibutt)
 * 86) *user:Hall Monitor (#998 as of 24 July 2005 WP:1000) (now an admin)
 * 87) user:Henrygb (now an admin)
 * 88) user:Hike395
 * 89) user:Historian
 * 90) user:Hooperbloob
 * 91) user:Huaiwei
 * 92) user:Humus sapiens
 * 93) user:Husnock
 * 94) user:IZAK (does not wish to be an admin)
 * 95) user:Iam
 * 96) * user:Iceberg3k
 * 97) user:Instantnood (previously nominated)
 * 98) user:Irate (currently banned)
 * 99) *user:Ish ishwar
 * 100) user:Itai (prevously self-nominated)
 * 101) *user:J3ff
 * 102) user:Jag123
 * 103) user:Jaknouse (inactive since Jan 05)
 * 104) user:Jason One
 * 105) user:Jazz77> (no longer active)
 * 106) user:JB82
 * 107) *user:Jcw69 (now an admin)
 * 108) user:Jeltz
 * 109) user:Jerryseinfeld
 * 110) * user:Jesster79
 * 111) user:Jguk
 * 112) user:JillandJack (banned, see user:DW)
 * 113) *user:JimWae
 * 114) user:JoJan (now an admin)
 * 115) user:JohnArmagh
 * 116) *user:Jonathunder
 * 117) user:Jondel (now an admin)
 * 118) user:Jonel
 * 119) user:Jorge Stolfi (active only 2-3 weeks every year)
 * 120) user:Joseph Dwayne
 * 121) user:Jpatokal
 * 122) user:Jyril
 * 123) user:K1Bond007 (now an admin)
 * 124) user:Kchishol1970
 * 125) user:Keith Edkins
 * 126) user:Kevin Rector
 * 127) user:KevinBot (a bot)
 * 128) user:Kevyn
 * 129) user:Kpjas
 * 130) user:Ksnow (inactive since 15 April 2005)
 * 131) *user:LGagnon (previously nominated)
 * 132) *user:Lectonar (now an admin)
 * 133) user:Lee M
 * 134) *user:LeeHunter
 * 135) user:Leonard G. (previously self-nominated)
 * 136) *user:Liberlogos
 * 137) user:Looxix (inactive since 15 Jan 2005)
 * 138) user:Lucky 6.9 (now an admin])
 * 139) user:Lukobe (inactive since 24 May 2005)
 * 140) *user:Lupin (now an admin)
 * 141) +user:MPF (half-a-star so far: possibly, would like to know more about what it entails)
 * 142) user:MPLX (inactive since 9 May 2005)
 * 143) user:MakeRocketGoNow
 * 144) user:Man vyi
 * 145) user:Marcus2
 * 146) *user:Mark83 (aka user:H1523702)
 * 147) user:Martg76
 * 148) *user:MathKnight (not very active lately on the EnWiki, but a very active admin on the Hebrew Wikipedia)
 * 149) *user:Maurreen (previously nominated)
 * 150) user:Megan1967 ("resigned" as of 20 Jun 2005)
 * 151) *user:Minghong (previously nominated)
 * 152) user:MisfitToys
 * 153) user:Modster
 * 154) user:Monedula
 * 155) user:Moverton
 * 156) user:Mrsteviec
 * 157) user:Mrwojo (does not wish to be an admin)
 * 158) user:Mtiedemann
 * 159) user:Mulad (now an admin)
 * 160) user:MusiCitizen  (does not wish to be an admin)
 * 161) user:Mwng
 * 162) user:Mydogategodshat
 * 163) user:Mzajac (now an admin)
 * 164) user:N328KF
 * 165) user:Naddy
 * 166) user:Nanshu
 * 167) user:Nat Krause
 * 168) *user:Necrothesp
 * 169) *user:Neilc
 * 170) *user:Netoholic (previously self-nominated)
 * 171) user:Nickj (currently has no particular reason to want to be an admin)
 * 172) *user:Nicknack009
 * 173) *user:Nikai
 * 174) user:Nikola Smolenski (previously nominated)
 * 175) * user:Nixdorf
 * 176) user:Nobot (bot)
 * 177) user:Nonenmac
 * 178) user:Norm (now editing as User:Krik; previously departed with a spate of Willy on Wheels-style page move vandalism:, )
 * 179) user:Oleg Alexandrov (now an admin)
 * 180) user:OneGuy (no longer active)
 * 181) user:Our Phellap
 * 182) *user:OwenBlacker
 * 183) *user:Paul W
 * 184) user:Paulley
 * 185) user:Pcpcpc (inactive since April 17 2005)
 * 186) user:PedroPVZ
 * 187) user:Pethan
 * 188) * user:Phil Boswell (now an admin)
 * 189) user:Philip Baird Shearer
 * 190) *user:Pigsonthewing
 * 191) user:Plasma east
 * 192) user:Pne
 * 193) user:Poccil (previously self-nominated, inactive since Feb 2005 - Requests for adminship/Poccil, Requests for adminship/Poccil2)
 * 194) *user:Pumpie (previously nominated)
 * 195) *user:R. fiend (now an admin)
 * 196) RHaworth (#827 in total edits as of April 27) (now an admin)
 * 197) user:RJFJR (now an admin)
 * 198) user:RJHall (declined nomination in May 2005)
 * 199) user:RJII
 * 200) user:RK (currently restricted)
 * 201) user:RTC
 * 202) user:Radiojon
 * 203) user:Radman1
 * 204) user:Reddi (currently not very active)
 * 205) user:Remuel
 * 206) user:Renata (no longer active)
 * 207) user:Reubenbarton (declined June 23, 2005)
 * 208) user:Revth (inactive since May 7, 2005)
 * 209) user:Rick Block (now an admin)
 * 210) *user:Ricky81682
 * 211) *user:Riddley
 * 212) user:Romanm
 * 213) user:Rossrs
 * 214) *user:Rsabbatini
 * 215) user:Ruhrjung (inactive since May 10, 2005)
 * 216) *user:SNIyer12
 * 217) user:SPUI
 * 218) user:Saforrest
 * 219) user:Saga City
 * 220) *user:Sam Hocevar (now an admin)
 * 221) *user:Sam Spade (previously nominated)
 * 222) user:ScudLee (previously nominated, inactive since March 2005)
 * 223) user:Seav
 * 224) user:Secfan
 * 225) user:Sekicho
 * 226) user:Sfoskett (nominated, pending acceptance)
 * 227) user:Sietse Snel - happy to remain as is for time being
 * 228) *user:SimonMayer
 * 229) *user:Sjorford (previously self-nominated)
 * 230) user:Smallweed
 * 231) user:Soman
 * 232) *user:Spinboy (previously nominated)
 * 233) *user:SpookyMulder
 * 234) *user:Squash (previously self-nominated)
 * 235) *user:Stefanomione
 * 236) *user:Steinsky
 * 237) user:Stepp-Wulf
 * 238) user:Stevietheman
 * 239) *user:Stirling Newberry
 * 240) *user:Stombs
 * 241) user:Susvolans (previously nominated)
 * 242) user:TOO
 * 243) user:Tabletop - happy to remain as is for time being.
 * 244) user:Tagishsimon
 * 245) user:Ted Wilkes
 * 246) *user:Tedius Zanarukando
 * 247) user:The Singing Badger (now an admin>
 * 248) *user:The Tom
 * 249) user:TheParanoidOne
 * 250) user:Timo Honkasalo
 * 251) user:Tobias Conradi - happy to remain as is for time being.
 * 252) user:Tom Radulovich
 * 253) *user:Tomf688
 * 254) user:TonyW
 * 255) *user:TOttenville8
 * 256) user:Toytoy
 * 257) user:Tregoweth (now an admin)
 * 258) user:Tucci528 (inactive since February 6, 2004)
 * 259) user:Uncle G (now an admin)
 * 260) user:Vardion (politely decline, thanks)
 * 261) user:Vera Cruz (currently banned, as user:Lir)
 * 262) user:VeryVerily (no longer active)
 * 263) user:Viriditas
 * 264) user:VivaEmilyDavies (no longer active)
 * 265) user:Vsmith (now an admin)
 * 266) *user:Warpozio
 * 267) user:Wayland
 * 268) *user:Webkid
 * 269) *user:Wereon (previously nominated)
 * 270) *user:William M. Connolley (previously nominated)
 * 271) user:Willmcw (now an admin)
 * 272) user:Wmahan
 * 273) user:Woohookitty (now an admin)
 * 274) user:YUL89YYZ (politely decline, thanks)
 * 275) user:Zigger
 * 276) user:Zundark (does not wish to be an admin)

title: User:Rick Block/WP600 not admins


text:
SS-Standarte Kurt Eggers

The SS-Standarte "Kurt Eggers" was an SS propaganda formation (SS-Standarte) of Nazi Germany during World War II. It publicised the actions of Waffen-SS combat units. The "Berichter" (literally: reporters) of the Standarte were fully trained and equipped for combat and expected to fight actively, if the situation demanded it.

Operational history
The SS-Kriegsberichter-Kompanie ("SS War Reporter Company") was formed in January 1940 with four platoons of war correspondents and their support staff. The platoons were able to operate independently of each other, each equipped with still and movie cameras to enable units to visually document the actions of Waffen-SS men in combat.

The company came under the command of ex-Allgemeine-SS commander Günter d'Alquen who commanded the unit throughout its existence. One platoon was attached to each of the four Waffen-SS combat formations. These platoons were attached to their respective formations throughout the campaigns during the Battle of France and the invasion of Yugoslavia. By August 1941, the number of Waffen-SS formations had increased, and so the SS-Kriegsberichter-Kompanie increased in size as well, becoming the SS-Kriegsberichter-Abteilung (battalion).

As the number of SS combat-formations increased, so did the number of correspondents required. In December 1943, the unit reached regimental size and received the name SS-Standarte "Kurt Eggers". The honorary title referred to Kurt Eggers, SS war correspondent and editor of the SS magazine Das Schwarze Korps, who had been killed earlier in the year while reporting on the SS Division Wiking during the Third Battle of Kharkov.

A number of foreign Waffen-SS volunteers became Kurt Eggers photographers, movie cameramen, writers, broadcasters and recorders, and most were multilingual. Several formations within the Standarte were formed to gather information for occupied or allied countries, and these sub-units were generally staffed by volunteers of the relevant nationality. At least one American, Martin James Monti, several Britons, and a New Zealander served with the Standarte in the course of World War II. "Three English volunteers are known to have served in this unit, Railton Freeman (aka Royston and Metcalfe), who was sentenced to ten years' imprisonment after the War, Dennis John Leister (aka Beckwith) and Francis Paul Maton (aka Wood) as well as one from New Zealand: Roy Nicholias Courlander (aka Regan). After the war, Leister, Matton, and Courlander were all court-martialled for aiding the enemy. Leister was sentenced to three years in prison, Matton to 10 years in prison, and Courlander to 15 years in prison, which was reduced to nine years on appeal. Monti was court-martialed for stealing a plane in order to defect, but before being charged with treason in a civilian court. He pleaded guilty and was sentenced to 25 years in prison.

title: SS-Standarte Kurt Eggers


text:
Macarthur railway station

Macarthur railway station is located on the Main Southern line, serving the Sydney suburb of Campbelltown. It is served by Sydney Trains T8 Airport & South and NSW TrainLink Southern Highlands Line services. It is the southern extremity of the electrified Sydney Trains network.

History
In 1976, a plan was created to build a new station 488m in the southern direction of the existing Campbelltown railway station. The plan for a "new" Campbelltown station was dropped and the plan was modified to be an unmanned, new, station. The plan was later changed to be 1800m to its current location, being built to serve a shopping centre being built 500m away. The station was originally supposed to be named Ambarvale, after the suburb it is located, but this was later changed to Macarthur, the name of the region. Construction started in November 1983 with the station opening on 28 July 1985. It was initially only served by a few peak-hour services until a new timetable was introduced on 16 November 1986.

The station initially consisted of two side platforms. Because suburban trains terminating on the main lines caused congestion to through trains, a side turnback platform was added in time for the 2000 Summer Olympics.

Under the CityRail Clearways Project, Macarthur received an upgrade. This work, completed in late 2010, included refurbishment of the station, a bus interchange, and a new carpark. In a proposed second stage, Macarthur was to receive a fourth platform for through trains heading south, however, the project was cancelled.

In January 2013, the Southern Sydney Freight Line opened to the west of the station.

Electrification through the Macarthur station site was completed in 1968 as part of the Liverpool-Glenlee electrification project. Electric passenger trains terminated at Campbelltown, but freight trains continued to Glenlee coal siding and loader (now in Mount Annan) so that electrically hauled coal trains could connect it and Port Kembla. The Glenlee coal loader has closed and electric trains are stopped at Macarthur, with the wires only extending a few hundred metres down the line.

Transport links
Macarthur station is served by various bus routes with Transit Systems being the primary operator. The bus interchange is located on Menangle Road.

 * 877: Campbelltown to Kearns via Eagle Vale & Eschol Park
 * 879: Campbelltown to Leumeah via Blair Athol
 * 880: Campbelltown to Minto via Eagle Vale & Kearns
 * 886: Campbelltown to Glen Alpine
 * 887: Campbelltown to Wollongong via Appin
 * 888: Campbelltown to St Helens Park via Ambarvale & Rosemeadow
 * 889: Campbelltown to Menangle via Menangle Park
 * 890: Campbelltown to Harrington Park via Narellan Vale & Narellan
 * 890C: Campbelltown to Camden via Narellan
 * 891: Campbelltown to Mount Annan via Currans Hill
 * 892: Campbelltown to Mount Annan via Narellan Vale
 * 893: Campbelltown to Narellan via Elderslie & Spring Farm
 * 895: Campbelltown to Camden South via Camden
 * 896: Campbelltown to Oran Park via Gregory Hills

Macarthur Station is also served by one NightRide route:
 * NightRide route N30: Macarthur to Town Hall station

title: Macarthur railway station