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Armory v Delamirie

, (1722) 1 Strange 505, is a famous English case on personal property law and finder's rights. It is one of the first cases that established possession as a valuable property right and as evidence of ownership. The defendant in the case was Paul de Lamerie, a great producer of silverworks in the 18th century. His name was misspelled by the court reporter.

Facts
Armory was a chimney sweep's boy who found a jewel in the setting of a ring. He took the jewel to the shop of Delamirie, a goldsmith, to obtain a valuation of the item. An apprentice, the agent of Delamirie, surreptitiously removed the gems from the setting on the pretence of weighing it. The apprentice returned with the empty setting and informed Armory that it was worth three halfpence. The apprentice offered to pay him for it but Armory refused and asked the apprentice to return the stones and setting in their prior condition. The apprentice returned the socket of the jewel without the gems. Armory brought an action against Delamirie in trover (via respondeat superior for the actions of his apprentice).

The issue before the court was whether either party had any property rights to the jewel.

Judgment
The Court held that both Armory and Delamirie had property rights in the jewel, even though neither was the true owner. Sir John Pratt CJ held they each have a right to possession that is enforceable against everyone except those with a greater right to the possession. The true owner of the jewel was not relevant; the Court was only concerned with who had a better right to possession. The priority of rights to possession says that a finder has better title to property that he or she finds over everyone except the true owner, and Armory thus had full title to the jewel. The Court found in favour of Armory. Since the jewel was not produced at the trial, Armory was awarded the maximum value that a jewel of that form could have (under the principle that a wrongdoer should not be able to derive gain, i.e. uncertainty of damages, from the effects of his wrongdoing).

The report shows the following text:

The plaintiff being a chimney sweeper's boy found a jewel and carried it to the defendant's shop (who was a goldsmith) to know what it was, and delivered it into the hands of the apprentice, who under pretence of weighing it, took out the stones, and calling to the master to let him know it came to three halfpence, the master offered the boy the money, who refused to take it, and insisted to have the thing again; whereupon the apprentice delivered him back the socket without the stones. And now in trover against the master these points were ruled:

1. That the finder of a jewel, though he does not by such finding acquire an absolute property or ownership, yet he has such a property as will enable him to keep it against all but the rightful owner, and subsequently may maintain trover.

2. That the action well lay against the master, who gives a credit to his apprentice, and is answerable for his neglect, Jones v Hart, Salk 441. Cor. Holt CJ Mead v Hammond, supra. Grammer v Nixon, post, 653.

3. As to the value of the jewel several of the trade were examined to prove what a jewel of the finest water that would fit the socket would be worth; and the Chief Justice directed the jury, that unless the defendant did produce the jewel, and shew it not to be of the finest water, they should presume the strongest case against him, and make the value of the best jewels the measure of their damages: which they accordingly did.

Literature
Armory v Delamirie inspired A. M. Watson's literary fiction novel Infants of the Brush: A Chimney Sweep's Story, which focuses on the life of the chimney sweep's boy who found the jewel.

title: Armory v Delamirie


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Rianxo

Rianxo is a port town and municipality in the autonomous community of Galicia in northwestern Spain in the province of A Coruña. It has a population of a little over 10,000 and its two main industries are fishing and tourism. The town's yearly celebration of Our Lady of Guadalupe is popular with tourists. Rianxo was the birthplace of several influential Galician writers, including Paio Gómez Chariño gl, Manuel Antonio, Alfonso R. Castelao and Rafael Dieste.

List of parishes
It has 6 parroquiasgl
 * O Arañogl
 * Asadosgl
 * Isorna gl
 * Leiro gl
 * Rianxo gl
 * Taragoña gl

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: Rianxo


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Template:Baháʼí sidebar

{{documentation |content =

title: Template:Baháʼí sidebar


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Bill Cook

William Osser Xavier Cook (October 8, 1895 – May 5, 1986) was a Canadian professional ice hockey right winger who played for the Saskatoon Crescents of the Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL) and the New York Rangers of the National Hockey League (NHL). A prolific scorer, Cook led the WCHL in goals twice and the NHL three times. He was named an all-star seven times between the two leagues. Known as "The Original Ranger", Cook was the first captain of the New York Rangers, scored the first goal in franchise history and led the team to two Stanley Cup championships.

Turning to coaching following his playing career, Cook led the Cleveland Barons to two Calder Cup championships and the Minneapolis Millers to a United States Hockey League championship. He coached the New York Rangers during the 1951–52 NHL season until his retirement in 1953. Cook was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1952 and Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 1975.

Early life
Cook was born on October 8, 1895,  in Brantford, Ontario. He was a middle child of a large family, and the eldest of three sons, preceding his brothers Frederick ("Bun") and Alexander ("Bud"). The family moved to Kingston, Ontario, where he learned to skate on the Rideau Canal. He joined the Kingston Frontenacs' junior hockey team in 1913 and played for two seasons before his career was interrupted by the First World War.

He enlisted in the Canadian Expeditionary Force in December 1915, and served with the 50th Battery, Canadian Field Artillery for nearly two years in France and another year at the Belgian front. Arriving in England in April 1916, Cook was initially promoted to acting Bombardier, but reverted back to Gunner so he could serve on the front earlier, and was sent there in July 1916. Cook participated in several engagements, including at Ypres, the Somme, Vimy Ridge and Hill 70. With the end of the First World War Cook was sent to Archangel in northern Russia, part of the allied intervention in the Russian Civil War. He would spend 8 months in Russia, and was awarded the Military Medal for his services in April 1919. He returned to Canada in July 1919 and was discharged shortly after.

Upon his return from the war, Cook rejoined the Frontenacs for one season before joining the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds in 1920. He led the Northern Ontario Hockey Association (NOHA) in both goals, 12, and points, 19, while the Greyhounds won the NOHA championship. He won the scoring title again in 1921–22 with 20 goals and 28 points.

Saskatoon Crescents
Spurning offers from National Hockey League (NHL) teams to turn professional in the eastern league, Cook moved to Saskatchewan, where he had been granted land for his service in the war. The Calgary Tigers of the Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL) attempted to recruit him for the 1922–23 season but failed to sign him. Instead, he joined the Saskatoon Crescents. He recorded 25 points in 30 games in his first professional season.

Returning to Saskatoon in 1923–24, Cook led the WCHL with 26 goals and 40 points. He was named the all-star right wing for the first of three consecutive seasons. He scored 22 goals in 1924–25. The WCHL rebranded itself the Western Hockey League (WHL) and the Crescents became the Sheiks in 1925–26. Cook again led in both goals and points with 31 and 44 respectively, and had become known as the best right wing in hockey.

New York Rangers
The WHL had run into financial difficulty in its final seasons, and after 1926, ceased operations. The Montreal Maroons intended to sign both Cook and his brother Bun to join their team for the 1926–27 NHL season. While the team's manager waited in Montreal to meet the brothers, Conn Smythe, manager of the newly formed New York Rangers, travelled to Winnipeg to reach the pair first. Smythe signed both Cook brothers for $12,000. Bill Cook was officially the first player signed by the Rangers, and was named the team's first captain. The Cook brothers joined Frank Boucher to form the "Bread Line", one of the early NHL's most prolific scoring lines. The Rangers made their NHL debut on November 16, 1926, against the Maroons. Cook scored the franchise's first goal, which also stood up as the winner, in a 1–0 victory. Appearing in 44 games, he led the league in both goals, 33, and points, 37. He finished as the runner-up to Herb Gardiner of the Montreal Canadiens for the Hart Trophy as the NHL's most valuable player. The Rangers finished first in the American Division, but were eliminated by the Boston Bruins in the playoffs. Cook recorded 24 points in 1927–28, the seventh highest total in the league. The Rangers again qualified for the playoffs, where they defeated the Pittsburgh Pirates, Boston Bruins and Montreal Maroons to win the franchise's first Stanley Cup championship. The Bread Line scored every Rangers goal in the 1928 Stanley Cup Finals.

Twenty-three points in 1928–29 again placed Cook seventh in the league. The Rangers defeated the New York Americans to reach the 1929 Stanley Cup Finals, but were defeated by the Montreal Canadiens. Cook led the Rangers and finished fourth in league scoring in 1929–30 and 1930–31 with 59 and 42 points respectively. In 1931, he was named to the NHL's inaugural All-Star team at right wing. It was the first of four consecutive appearances; he was placed on the first team in 1931, 1932 and 1933, and on the second team in 1934. Cook's 34 goals in 1931–32 tied Charlie Conacher for the league lead. The Rangers won the American Division title, and after defeating the Canadians, faced Conacher's Toronto Maple Leafs in the 1932 Stanley Cup Finals. Toronto swept the series with three consecutive victories.

Cook was again the top scorer in 1932–33, leading the NHL in both goals, 28, and points, 50. At 36 years, 5 months old, Cook was the oldest player in NHL history to win a scoring title until 2013 when Martin St. Louis of the Tampa Bay Lightning led the NHL in scoring at the age of 37. The Rangers reached the 1933 Stanley Cup Finals against the Toronto Maple Leafs. Cook scored the winning goal in the second game, then scored the championship winning goal, in overtime, in the fourth game. It was the first overtime power play goal in NHL playoff history. The trophy was not available on the night the Rangers won, leading the series to become known as the "Forgotten Cup". Cook accepted the Stanley Cup on behalf of his team in November of that year, seven months after the Rangers victory.

After scoring only 13 goals in 1933–34, Cook improved to 20 goals in 1934–35. In a 7–5 victory over the Maple Leafs on January 29, 1935, the Bread line scored four goals and five assists to reach a combined 1,000 points as a unit over their nine seasons together. The Bread Line was broken up in 1935–36 when Bun was forced out of the Rangers lineup by illness. Bill Cook scored just seven goals that season, and at the age of 40, scored one goal in 21 games before retiring as a player during the 1936–37 season.

Coaching career
Turning to coaching, Cook took over as the manager of the Cleveland Barons in the International-American Hockey League (IAHL) in the 1937–38 season. He inherited a team that had struggled the season before and led it to a respectable season, winning 34 of 50 games played combined between the regular season and playoffs. Cook was pressed into service as a player as a result of injuries. His team was able to dress only 10 of 17 players in the deciding game of the Barons' playoff series against the Syracuse Stars. Cook played a regular shift in the game, but the Barons lost, 3–2, in the fourth overtime period.

The Barons finished fifth overall in the IAHL standings in 1938–39, but defeated the Springfield Indians and Providence Reds to reach the league championship series against the Philadelphia Ramblers. They won the best-of-five championship three games to one to claim the Calder Cup. Cook coached the Barons to a second Calder Cup in 1940–41, defeating the Hershey Bears in the final. Cook remained behind the Barons' bench until the conclusion of the 1942–43 American Hockey League (AHL) season. He then turned coaching duties over to his brother Bun, but remained the team's general manager.

Cook left the Barons to join the Minneapolis Millers of the United States Hockey League (USHL) in 1947. He coached the team for three seasons, leading the team to the Paul W. Loudon Trophy as league champions in 1949–50. He moved on to coach the Denver Falcons, also of the USHL, in 1950–51 then the Saskatoon Quakers of the Pacific Coast Hockey League (PHCL) the following season. Cook left the Quakers midway through the season when asked by Frank Boucher, general manager of the New York Rangers, to return to the NHL club as its head coach. He coached the final 47 games of the Rangers' 1951–52 season, winning 17, losing 22 and tying 8. He remained behind the Rangers bench in 1952–53, but the Rangers missed the playoffs after winning only 17 of 70 games. Cook was replaced as coach following the season as Boucher named himself head coach. Cook then retired from hockey.

Legacy
A prolific scorer, Cook scored 317 goals and 508 points in 591 games in his 15-year professional career. Known as "The Original Ranger", he led the team in goals six times. He was regarded as being the greatest right wing in the game's history when he retired, an opinion former teammate Frank Boucher retained many years later: "Bill was the finest all-round player in Ranger history. And he's my choice as the best right winger hockey ever knew – despite the fact that others disagree and give their votes to Rocket Richard or Gordie Howe. I say Cook topped them both." Cook was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1952, and Canada's Sports Hall of Fame in 1975.

A popular former Ranger, Cook participated in the closing of the old Madison Square Garden and the opening of the new facility in 1968. In recognition of his scoring the first Rangers goal in the old Garden, he was asked to "score" the first goal in the new facility as part of the opening ceremony for the new. In 1986, he was presented with the Rangers' Alumni Association award, the first former Ranger to receive the award through a vote of alumni membership. The Hockey News ranked Cook as the 44th greatest player in NHL history, and highest Ranger on the list, in its 1998 book The Top 100 NHL Players of All Time.

Personal life
Accepting a land grant from the federal government, Cook settled in Saskatchewan following the First World War, taking a half section of land adjacent to a similar holding of his brother Bun's. He established his farm near Lac Vert, hunted and played baseball during hockey off-seasons. He later returned to Kingston, Ontario, where he continued to farm and was nearly killed when one of his bulls gored him. Cook was married and had three children. He died of cancer in Kingston on May 5, 1986. He was bured at St. Mary's Catholic Cemetery in Kingston, near Bun.

title: Bill Cook


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Lipid emulsion

Lipid emulsion or fat emulsion refers to an emulsion of fat for human intravenous use, to administer nutrients to critically-ill patients that cannot consume food. It is often referred to by the brand name of the most commonly used version, Intralipid, which is an emulsion containing soybean oil, egg phospholipids and glycerin, and is available in 10%, 20% and 30% concentrations. The 30% concentration is not approved for direct intravenous infusion, but should be mixed with amino acids and dextrose as part of a total nutrient admixture.

Nutrition
Intralipid and other balanced lipid emulsions provide essential fatty acids, linoleic acid (LA), an omega-6 fatty acid, alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), an omega-3 fatty acid. The emulsion is used as a component of intravenous nutrition for people who are unable to get nutrition via an oral diet. These nutrients are combined with the intention of administering parenteral nutrition, where nutrients are delivered in an alternative pathway other than the gastrointestinal tract.

Local anaesthetic toxicity
Lipid emulsions are effective in treating experimental models of severe cardiotoxicity from intravenous overdose of local anaesthetic drugs such as bupivacaine.

They have been effective in people unresponsive to the usual resuscitation methods. They have subsequently been used off-label in the treatment of overdose from other fat-soluble medications.

Vehicle for other medications
Propofol is dissolved in a lipid emulsion for intravenous use. Sometimes etomidate (the usual vehicle for etomidate is propylene glycol) is supplied using a lipid emulsion as a vehicle. The possibility of lipid emulsions as an alternative drug delivery medium is under works.

History
Intravenous lipid emulsions have been used experimentally since at least the 19th century. An early product marketed in 1957 under the name Lipomul was briefly used in the United States but was subsequently withdrawn due to side effects. Intralipid was invented by the Swedish physician and nutrition researcher Arvid Wretlind, and was approved for clinical use in Sweden in 1962. In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration initially declined to approve the product due to prior experience with another fat emulsion. It was approved in the United States in 1972.

Research
Intralipid is also widely used in optical experiments to simulate the scattering properties of biological tissues. Solutions of appropriate concentrations of intralipid can be prepared that closely mimic the response of human or animal tissue to light at wavelengths in the red and infrared ranges where tissue is highly scattering but has a rather low absorption coefficient.

Cardioprotective agent
Intralipid is currently being studied for its potential use as a cardioprotective agent, specifically as a treatment for ischemic reperfusion injury. The rapid return of myocardial blood supply is critical in order to save the ischemic heart, but it also has the potential to create injury due to oxidative damage (via reactive oxygen species) and calcium overload. Myocardial damage with the resumption of blood flow after an ischemic event is termed “reperfusion injury”.

The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is normally closed during ischemia, but calcium overload and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) with  reperfusion open mPTP allowing hydrogen ions to flow from the mitochondrial matrix into the cytosol. The hydrogen flux disrupts the mitochondrial membrane potential and results in mitochondrial swelling, outer membrane rupture, and the release of pro-apoptotic factors. These changes impair mitochondrial energy production and drive cardiac myocyte apoptosis.

Intralipid (5mL/kg) provided five minutes before reperfusion delays the opening of mPTP in vivo rat models, making it a potential cardioprotective agent Lou et al. (2014) found that the cardioprotection aspect of Intralipid is initiated by the accumulation of acylcarnitines in the mitochondria and involves inhibition of the electron transport chain, an increase in ROS production during early (3 min) reperfusion, and activation of the reperfusion injury salvage kinase pathway (RISK). The mitochondrial accumulation of acylcarnitines (primarily palmitoyl-carnitine) inhibits the electron transport chain at complex IV, generating protective ROS. The effects of ROS are both “site” and “time” sensitive, meaning that both will ultimately determine whether the ROS are beneficial or detrimental. The generated ROS, which are formed from electrons leaking from the electron transport chain of the mitochondria, first act directly on mPTP to limit opening. ROS then activate signalling pathways that act on the mitochondria to decrease mPTP opening and mediate protection. Activation of the RISK pathway by ROS increases the phosphorylation of other pathways, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK) pathways, both of which are found in pools localized at the mitochondria. The Akt and ERK pathways converge to alter glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK-3β) activity. Specifically, Akt and ERK phosphorylate GSK-3β, inactivating the enzyme, and inhibiting the opening of mPTP. The mechanism by which GSK-3β inhibits the opening of the mPTP is controversial. Nishihara et al. (2007) proposed that it is achieved through interaction of GSK-3β with ANT subunit of mPTP, inhibiting the Cyp-D–ANT interaction, resulting in the inability of the mPTP to open.

In a study by Rahman et al. (2011) Intralipid-treated rat hearts were found to required more calcium to open mPTP during ischemia-reperfusion. The cardiomyocytes are therefore, better able to tolerate the calcium overload, and increase the threshold for opening of the mPTP with the addition of Intralipid.

title: Lipid emulsion


text: Category:Subdivisions of Norway

title: Category:Subdivisions of Norway


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User:Tdevries

Hi, I'm Tjipke de Vries. I'm also Tdevries on the Dutch wikipedia, Tjdevries on the Frysian wikipedia and Tdevries on Meta-wiki. For any comments, please use my talk page on the Dutch wikipedia

''"Nevertheless, it is vital to remember that information - in the sense of raw data - is not knowledge; that knowledge is not wisdom; and that wisdom is not foresight. But information is the first essential step to all of these." - Arthur C. Clarke''

af:Gebruiker:Tdevries de:Benutzer:Tdevries fy:Meidogger:Tjdevries nl:Gebruiker:Tdevries

title: User:Tdevries


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File:Deerhoof-milkman.jpg

Fair use rationale
It is contended that the use of this album cover in Milk Man qualifies as fair use for the following reasons:
 * 1) This image illustrates the cover of the album or associated single that is discussed in the article.
 * 2) The image is only a small portion of the overall product.
 * 3) This image can be used to identify the album or associated single that is the subject of this article.
 * 4) It does not limit the copyright owner's rights to market or sell the album in any way.
 * 5) The image is of lower resolution than the original cover.
 * 6) The image is being used in an informative way and does not detract from sales of the album.
 * 7) No free or public domain images have been located for this album.

title: File:Deerhoof-milkman.jpg


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User talk:Mel Etitis/Arbtan

'''This page was created by in my User space, after I'd asked him to stop editing User:Mel Etitis/Arbtan. I've left it here as evidence. Please don't edit it further (any edits will be immediately reverted).''' —Preceding unsigned comment added by Mel Etitis (talk • contribs)

Comment by Mr Tan
I do not see why Mel Etitis has been accusing me as a reincarnation of User:Chan Han Xiang. In the first place, an IP address can be shared by several users, and I do not see how am I related to User:Chan Han Xiang in anyway, just because I may have shared many similar characters with me.

Again, I do not see why Mel Etitis has bear the grudge by saying that I have been continuously boasting on my english. I have already acknowledged that I have detected my own flaws time and again, and you may review one of my acknowledgements at Talk:Lee Kuan Yew. In one of his cases, he even said that I should be banned from editing grammar, but that is violating the dignity of a user, for his English can be improved in anyway in the future. In fact, Mel has also reverted my changes very fast,[1] (http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Contributions&target=Mel+Etitis), reverting my edits by claiming that my grammar is poor. This is reverting at the expense of my contributions, in which he should never do. He has also shown distrust against me, especially in the case of Zanskar. I have already apologised that my blanking was a mistake, Talk:Zanskar, nor did I ever have the intention of controlling other articles, and that is heresy.

I may have did that (unintentionnally) in the case of /temp pages following the example of User:Nichalp and User:JMBell in Zossen. My relations with other users, however, is much friendlier than with him. My time on wikipedia should be a classic and peaceful and happy time, and not fighting with him like this. If that is the case, it is better to leave wikipedia, for I do not want to tow myself down to fight on such a trival matter. My studies are already slacking, especially my Mathematics. I do not want to get emotionally influenced at the expense of my acadamy. And adding to the fact that a fifty year old professor quarrelling with a fourteen-year-old teen? This is totally absurd and childih for Mel Etitis! He should teach me honorably and understand a student like me well.

Tan

title: User talk:Mel Etitis/Arbtan


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Bun Cook

Frederick Joseph "Bun" Cook (September 18, 1903 – March 19, 1988) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward and coach. He was an Allan Cup champion with the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds in 1924 before embarking on a 13-year professional career. He played for the Saskatoon Crescents in the Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL) and the New York Rangers and Boston Bruins in the National Hockey League (NHL). Cook was a member of two Stanley Cup championship teams with the Rangers, in 1928 and 1933, playing on the "Bread Line" with his brother Bill and Frank Boucher.

Cook turned to coaching in 1937 and spent 19 years in the American Hockey League (AHL), with the Providence Reds for six seasons and the remainder with the Cleveland Barons. His 636 wins as a coach is the second most in AHL history and he led his teams to the playoffs in all but one season. Cook was named an AHL All-Star coach on six occasions, and led his teams to a record seven Calder Cup championships. He was posthumously inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1995 and to the AHL Hall of Fame in 2007.

He was the last surviving former player of the Saskatoon Crescents.

Early life
Frederick Joseph Cook was born September 18, 1903, in Kingston, Ontario. He was part of a large family, and the second of three brothers, following Bill and preceding Alexander ("Bud"). Despite their eight-year difference age, Bun frequently followed Bill to new teams and the pair spent most of their careers playing together. Bun joined Bill in playing senior hockey with the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds in 1921, and while Bill had already left the team by that point, Bun was a member of the Greyhounds squad that won the Allan Cup in 1924 as senior champions of Canada. Following the championship, Bun turned professional by signing with the Saskatoon Crescents of the Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL) for the 1924–25 season. Bill had already played two years in Saskatoon by that point and housed his younger brother during their shared tenure with the team.

Playing career
Cook played two seasons in the Western League. He scored 17 goals in 28 games in 1924–25 and added eight more in 30 games the following season. The league had run into financial difficulty in its final seasons, and after 1926, ceased operations. The Montreal Maroons intended to sign both Cook and his brother Bill to join their team for the 1926–27 NHL season. While the team's manager waited in Montreal to meet the brothers, Conn Smythe, manager of the newly formed New York Rangers, travelled to Winnipeg to reach the pair first. Smythe signed both Cook brothers for $12,000. The brothers convinced Smythe to sign Frank Boucher, who also played in the WCHL, and the trio to form the "Bread Line", one of the early NHL's most prolific scoring lines. The expansion Rangers made their debut on November 16, 1926. Cook assisted on the first goal in franchise history, scored by his brother, and which stood as the only marker in a 1–0 victory. During the season, Cook earned his nickname "Bun" from a journalist who claimed he was "quick as a bunny" on the ice. He finished the 1926–27 season with 23 points in 44 games then improved to 28 points in 1927–28. Cook led the Rangers with 14 assists on the year. The Rangers finished second in the American Division that season and defeated the Pittsburgh Pirates and Boston Bruins to reach the 1928 Stanley Cup Finals against the Maroons. The Bread Line scored every Rangers goal in the series. The second game was notable for having Rangers coach Lester Patrick play goal after regular goaltender Lorne Chabot was injured. New York won that game, 2–1, and went on to capture the franchise's first Stanley Cup championship.

Cook's offence declined in 1928–29 as he recorded only 18 points. Attempting to defend their championship, the Rangers reached the 1929 Stanley Cup Finals, but were defeated by the Boston Bruins. The 1929–30 season was statistically Cook's best in professional hockey. He finished tenth in the NHL with 24 goals and totaled 43 points in 44 games. Following a 35-point season in 1930–31, he was named to the inaugural NHL All-Star team as the second team left wing. Cook scored 34 points the following season. The Rangers won the American Division title and reached the 1932 Stanley Cup Finals but lost the series to the Toronto Maple Leafs.

With 22 goals in 1932–33, Cook finished fourth in the NHL, while his 37 points were seventh best. The Rangers reached the 1933 Stanley Cup Finals, and Cook had two opportunities to end the series in the deciding fourth game: He was unable to score on a breakaway late in regulation time, while he and Bill nearly teamed up to end the contest early in overtime. Bill ultimately scored the winning goal in a 1–0 victory as the Rangers won their second Stanley Cup championship.

Cook was a consistent scorer the following two seasons as he recorded 33 points in 1933–34 and 34 points in 1934–35. However, he missed much of the 1935–36 season due to an arthritic condition. Believing he would not recover, the Rangers sold Cook to the Boston Bruins. The transaction broke up the Bread Line, which had been together for nine seasons. He appeared in 40 games for the Bruins in 1936–37, his final NHL season, and recorded nine points.

In 531 career professional games, Cook scored 183 goals and 335 points. He was also an early innovator of the slapshot and of the drop pass. According to Cook: "I had a dream about the drop pass one night and at our next practice, I told Frank and Bill about it. They thought I was crazy, but they decided to humour me. By gosh, it worked! I'd cross over from left wing to centre as I moved in on defense. I'd fake a shot and leave the puck behind and skate away from it, with Frank or Bill picking it up. We got a lot of goals off the crisscross and drop pass." Ed Sullivan, then of the New York Graphic, praised Cook's creativity: "When Bun Cook is hot, he is one of the most amazing players in hockey. At such moments, he attempts plays that stagger the imagination." In 1995, Cook was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame by the veterans committee. Often overshadowed by his linemates, he was the last member of the Bread Line to gain entry into the Hall, as he followed Bill (1952) and Frank Boucher (1958).

Coaching career
After retiring from the NHL in 1937, Cook turned to coaching and became the head coach of the Providence Reds in the International-American Hockey League (IAHL; later the American Hockey League, AHL). He guided the Reds to a record and a first-place finish in the Eastern Division, as well as a Calder Cup championship after the Reds defeated the Syracuse Stars. Following the 1938–39 season, Cook was named to the IAHL/AHL All-Star team for the first time of four consecutive seasons.

In 1942, Cook served as coach of the Eastern Division team at the first AHL All-Star Game. He coached the Reds for six seasons, until 1942–43. The Reds won three division titles and a second Calder Cup in 1940. Occasionally pressed into playing duty, Cook also appeared in 37 games for the Reds over that time, and recorded what ultimately was his final professional goal, the game-winner in a 3–2 victory over the New Haven Eagles on December 17, 1942.

Cook left Providence to become head coach of the Cleveland Barons in 1943–44. The Barons won their division six times in Cook's first nine seasons as coach. They reached the Calder Cup Final on six occasions in that time and won three championships: in 1944–45, 1947–48 and 1950–51. He was considered a favourite to become head coach of the Boston Bruins in 1950, but never left Cleveland.

In 1952–53, Cook coached the Barons to both the regular season championship and the Calder Cup as the Barons defeated the Pittsburgh Hornets by a 1–0 score in overtime of the seventh, and deciding, game of the series. Cook coached the Barons to a repeat championship in 1953–54, his seventh Calder Cup victory. With a record of 26–31–7, 1955–56 season was the first in 13 seasons with the Barons that Cook coached the team to a losing record. Though the team reached the league championship series, the Barons opted to relieve Cook of his position as coach.

Cook spent one season coaching the Sault Ste. Marie Greyhounds of the Northern Ontario Hockey League, in 1956–57, then spent three seasons with the Kingston Frontenacs of the Eastern Professional Hockey League until his retirement in 1961. Cook retired as the most successful coach in AHL history. His seven Calder Cups are four more than anyone else, and his 636 career wins were the most in league history for a half-century (Roy Sommer would pass him in 2016). He was inducted into the American Hockey League Hall of Fame in 2007.

Personal life
Bill Cook was given a land grant following the First World War, and became a farmer on a half section of land near Lac Vert, Saskatchewan. Bun followed his elder brother to the prairie province and farmed an adjacent half section. Following his career in hockey, Cook ultimately returned to his hometown of Kingston where he died on March 19, 1988.

title: Bun Cook


text:
Gary Bennett (baseball)

Gary David Bennett Jr. (born April 17, 1972) is an American former professional baseball catcher, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for several teams, from 1995 to 1996 and 1998 to 2008.

Bennett was selected by the Philadelphia Phillies in the 11th round of the 1990 Major League Baseball Draft. He played in the Phillies minor league system from 1990–1996, playing for the Martinsville Phillies (1990–1991), Batavia Clippers (1992), Spartanburg Phillies (1993), Clearwater Phillies (1993–1994), Reading Phillies (1994–1995), Scranton/Wilkes-Barre Red Barons (1995–1996).

Bennett made his major league debut in 1995 for the Phillies on September 24 against the Cincinnati Reds as a pinch hitter. He was signed as a free agent by the Boston Red Sox in 1997 season and spent the season with the Pawtucket Red Sox. He returned to the Phillies organization the following year as a minor league free agent. Played most of the season with Scranton before his contract was purchased by the Phillies in September. 1998 was his first full season in the majors and he stayed with the Phillies as a backup catcher to Mike Lieberthal until he was traded to the New York Mets for fellow catcher Todd Pratt on July 23, 2001. Bennett played in one big league game for the Mets (going 1–1) before they traded him to the Colorado Rockies a month later. He stayed with the Rockies in 2002, having over 200 at-bats in a season for the first time in his major league career. He then signed free agent deals with the San Diego Padres for 2003 (where he eclipsed the 300 at-bat mark for the first time and set a career-high in RBI, with 42), Milwaukee Brewers for 2004, Washington Nationals for 2005, and St. Louis Cardinals for 2006.

Bennett came alive in late August 2006. He hit four home runs in the span of a week, including a walk-off grand slam against the Chicago Cubs on August 27, 2006. The four home runs equaled his career high of four home runs in a single season, which he did with the 2002 Colorado Rockies. He hit no other home runs that season.

On November 28, 2006, Bennett was re-signed by the Cardinals.

On November 2, 2007, the Cardinals exercised their 2008 buy-out option on his contract.

On December 13, 2007, Bennett was named in the Mitchell Report, which detailed his illegal use of performance-enhancing substances such as human growth hormone.

On December 17, 2007, the Dodgers signed Bennett to a one-year deal to back up Russell Martin, the Dodgers' young All-Star catcher. After signing, Bennett publicly admitted that the Mitchell Report was accurate as far as he was concerned, stating, "As far as the report is concerned to me, it's accurate. Obviously, it was a stupid decision. It was a mistake." Bennett's 2008 season was cut short, however, when he went on the disabled list in mid-May for plantar fasciitis. The ailment would keep Bennett on the disabled list the remainder of the season. Veteran backup Danny Ardoin took Bennett's spot in his absence as Martin's backup. Bennett finished the 2008 campaign with a disappointing .190 batting average with one home run and four RBI in only 10 games played. After the season the Dodgers bought out Bennett's option year, making him a free agent.

title: Gary Bennett (baseball)


text: Category:1722 in law

title: Category:1722 in law


text:
Project Rulison

Project Rulison, named after the rural community of Rulison, Colorado, was an underground 40-kiloton nuclear test project in the United States on September 10, 1969, about 8 mi SE of the town of Grand Valley, Colorado (now named Parachute, Colorado) in Garfield County. The location of "Surface Ground Zero" is 39.40528°N, -107.94853°W. The depth of the test cavity was approximately 8400 ft below the ground surface. It was part of the Operation Mandrel weapons test series under the name Mandrel Rulison, as well as the Operation Plowshare project which explored peaceful engineering uses of nuclear explosions. The peaceful aim of Project Rulison was to determine if natural gas could be easily liberated from underground regions. This site remains under active monitoring by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Legacy Management.

The test succeeded in liberating large quantities of natural gas; however the resulting radioactivity left the gas contaminated and unsuitable for applications such as cooking and heating homes. Although projected public radiation exposures from commercial use of stimulated gas had been reduced to less than 1% of background, it became clear in the early 1970s that public acceptance within the U.S. of any product containing radioactivity, no matter how minimal, was difficult if not impossible.

This was the second of three nuclear demonstration projects for natural-gas-reservoir stimulation as part of the Plowshare program. The other two were Project Gasbuggy in 1967 in northern New Mexico and Project Rio Blanco in 1973 in Colorado.

Clean up and later proposals for site
The Department of Energy began a cleanup of the site in the 1970s which was completed in 1998. A buffer zone put in place by the state of Colorado still exists around the site. A January 2005 report by the DOE stated that radioactivity levels were normal at the surface and in groundwater, though a later report due in 2007 was expected to more fully explore if there was subsurface contamination and whether or not radioactivity was still spreading outward from the blast site itself.

As of June 2005, the Houston, Texas-based company Presco was seeking to drill for natural gas within the buffer zone, putting in as many as four wells. The company had initially received approval to drill one well, but the county dropped its support when more extensive plans were revealed.

A placard, erected in 1976, now marks the site where the blast took place. It is accessible via a gravel road, Garfield County Route 338.

title: Project Rulison


text:
Talk:Henry Clay Ide

Expansion
There's scope for further expansion here, as tagged: Uncle G (talk) 15:59, 16 September 2009 (UTC)
 * There's more to say about Ide's early political career, as state senator, Republican delegate, and so forth.
 * There's more to say about Ide's family. Two children are mentioned thus far.  He actually had four.  He also had a wife.
 * There's more to say about Ide's business affairs. He was a bank director (for several banks), a bank trustee, and receiver of the Knickerbocker Trust Company of New York.
 * There's more to say about Ide's honorary degrees, such as the one from Dartmouth College.

title: Talk:Henry Clay Ide


text:
Art Coulter

Arthur Edmund Coulter (May 31, 1909 – October 14, 2000) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who played for the New York Rangers and Chicago Black Hawks in the National Hockey League.

Coulter, a two time Stanley Cup Champion, helped the Black Hawks win their first championship in 1933–34 and the Rangers to a Cup win in 1939–40. He succeeded Hall of Famer Bill Cook as captain of the Rangers in 1938. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1974.

Awards and achievements

 * Stanley Cup Championships (1934 & 1940)
 * NHL Second All-Star Team Defence (1935, 1938, 1939, & 1940)
 * Inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1974
 * Honoured Member of the Manitoba Hockey Hall of Fame
 * Member of the Manitoba Sports Hall of Fame
 * In the 2009 book 100 Ranger Greats, was ranked No. 30 all-time of the 901 New York Rangers who had played during the team's first 82 seasons

title: Art Coulter


text: User talk:69.0.17.88

title: User talk:69.0.17.88


text:
Wikipedia talk:Articles for deletion/Doubt based

Yep - it's a fairly new phrase. And it is a very interesting concept to contrast and compare faith based vs. doubt based religions. There's nothing wrong with Wikipedia getting in on the groud floor of a new concept.


text:
Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum

The Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum (Latin: "Deeds of the Huns and Hungarians") is a medieval chronicle written mainly by Simon of Kéza around 1282–1285. It is one of the sources of early Hungarian history. It is also known as the Gesta Hungarorum (II) (Latin: "Deeds of the Hungarians"), the "(II)" indicating its status as an expansion of the original Gesta Hungarorum (written around 1200).

The work is dated to 1282–1285 as it includes the Battle of Lake Hód (1282) but does not mention the Second Mongol invasion of Hungary in 1285.

The work combines Hunnish legend with history. It consists of two parts: the Hunnish legend ("Hunnish Chronicle"), expanded with Hungarian oral tales; and a history of the Kingdom of Hungary since the original Gesta Hungarorum.

Simon of Kéza was a court cleric of King Ladislaus IV of Hungary (reigned 1272–1290). He travelled widely in Italy, France and Germany and culled his epic and poetic materials from a broad range of readings.

By Kéza's own admission, he used contemporary German, Italian and French chronicles, but it has been proved that he freely used Hungarian sources also.

The Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum was edited and translated in 1999 by László Veszprémy and Frank Schaer for the Central European University.

title: Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum


text:
Rodrigo García (director)

Rodrigo García Barcha (born 24 August 1959) is a Colombian and Mexican television and film director, screenwriter, author and former cinematographer, best known for his films Nine Lives (2005), Mother and Child (2009), Albert Nobbs (2011), Last Days in the Desert (2015), as well as his work on the HBO drama series In Treatment. He also created, wrote, and directed the award-winning web series Blue (2012–2015), starring Julia Stiles, for which he won an IAWTV Award in 2014. In 2021 García released his first memoir, A Farewell to Gabo and Mercedes: A Son's Memoir of Gabriel García Márquez and Mercedes Barcha.

Life and career
García was born in Bogotá, Colombia, the son of Colombian Nobel-winner writer Gabriel García Márquez and Mercedes Barcha Pardo. Because of his father, he grew up around Carlos Fuentes, Julio Cortázar, Pablo Neruda and Luis Buñuel.

García has directed a variety of independent films, such as the award-winning Nine Lives (2005), which was nominated for the William Shatner Golden Groundhog Award for Best Underground Movie, and Albert Nobbs (2011), which screened at several film festivals, as well as episodes of several HBO series, including Six Feet Under, Carnivàle, and Big Love. He produced and developed the HBO drama series In Treatment.

He worked as a camera operator for Cold Heaven, Reality Bites, A Walk in the Clouds, The Birdcage, Twilight and Great Expectations, and as director of photography for Gia and Poison Ivy.

In 2012, García and Jon Avnet created WIGS, a web channel part of YouTube Original Channel Initiative that produces scripted drama mainly targeted to female audiences. For WIGS, García created, wrote and directed several web series, notably Blue, starring Julia Stiles, for which he won an IAWTV Award for Best Director – Drama in 2014.

title: Rodrigo García (director)


text:
Buddhist Churches of America

The Buddhist Churches of America (abbreviated as BCA in English, 米国仏教団 or Beikoku Bukkyōdan in Japanese) is the United States branch of the Nishi Honganji subsect of Jōdo Shinshū ("True Pure Land School") Buddhism.

The BCA headquarters is at 1710 Octavia Street, San Francisco, and currently under the leadership of Terri Omori, its first female president. It is the oldest Buddhist organization in the continental United States.

Origins and development
An earlier branch of the Nishi Hongwanji was established on the Hawaiian Islands in the 1880s as the Honpa Hongwanji Mission of Hawaii. It remains a separate mission from the BCA today.

The BCA's roots on the U.S. mainland originate with missionaries Rev. Dr. Shuya Sonoda and Rev. Kakuryo Nishijima, who arrived in San Francisco in 1899, and formed a Buddhist Association (Bukkyo Seinenkai) as a focal point to begin organizing the Japanese Buddhists in America. They would eventually establish temples in Sacramento (1899), Fresno (1900), Seattle (1901), Oakland (1901), San Jose (1902), Portland (1903), and Stockton (1906), under what was then called the Jodo Shinshu Buddhist Mission of North America. This organization evolved into the current BCA, incorporated in 1944. The BCA counts over 60 affiliated churches and some 12,000 members within its ranks today.

During World War II, Japanese Buddhist communities faced suspicion and discrimination as many Buddhist leaders were targeted by the government, as all mainland Japanese-Americans were incarcerated for the duration of the war. Despite the persecution, Japanese Buddhists kept their faith and continued their practice, initially in secret, in the camps and on the battlefield.

The BCA joined together with other Japanese-American community leaders of all faiths in assisting returning Nikkei resettle, opening up surviving churches and temples as temporary hostels, and in cases where churches or temples were vandalized or destroyed, offered up spaces to each other to practice their faith until new facilities could be acquired.

The BCA hopes that ongoing American interest in the Dharma will lead to a new interest in Jōdo Shinshū and its revival in the United States. The BCA has attempted to accomplish this goal chiefly through academia, layman training, and through cultural events open to the public, such as the bon festival, taiko, and Japanese food bazaars. They also sponsor youth organizations such as Boy and Girl Scout troops, and community basketball leagues, often competing with and providing opportunities for children of all faiths to meet each learn from each other.

BCA was among the first American Buddhist communities to sanction same-sex marriage and support LGBTQ rights.

Seminary and education
In 1949, the BCA founded the Institute of Buddhist Studies in Berkeley as the Buddhist Studies Center, becoming the first seminary for Buddhist ministry in America, and provides graduate level education in the Buddhist tradition through its affiliation with the Graduate Theological Union today.

During World War 2 and Korea, the BCA petitioned the War Department to commission Buddhist chaplains to serve the spiritual needs of its members serving with the 442nd RCT, however the request was denied, conflating it with the practice of State Shinto in Japan. It wasn't until 1987 when the efforts of BCA Rev Haruo Yamaoka, together with Buddhist veterans, finally gained approval from the Department of Defense endorse Buddhist chaplain candidates, and in 2004, when a graduate of IBS, Navy LTJG Jeanette Shin, would be commissioned as the first Buddhist chaplain in the U.S. Military. The BCA is currently the only organization authorized by the Department of Defense to endorse Buddhist chaplains seeking to serve in the military.

BCA ministers have also been the only Buddhists to serve as chaplains in the California State Senate and the California State Assembly, Rev. Shoko Masunaga (1975-1976) and Rev. Bob Oshita (2017-2020), both of Sacramento Betsuin.

Style
In the United States, BCA priests may be addressed as either Sensei ("Teacher"), "Minister", or "Reverend". The head priest of a temple is called "Rinban". Following World War II, BCA traditionally referred to its houses of worship as "churches" rather than "temples" as is common in Japan due to post-war prejudice in America, however have recently begun to slowly embrace the "temple" moniker again.

Prior to the establishment of the Institute of Buddhist Studies as an accredited graduate school in 1985, BCA ministers have historically been all male and ethnically Japanese, trained at Nishi Hongan-ji in Japan, but there are now a substantial number of female, and non-Japanese ministers. In 2022, the BCA appointed their first female president, Terri Omori.

Outreach
In 2020, the BCA started a "Dial the Dharma" project, spearheaded by BCA Bishop Reverend Marvin Harada. Users who have limited access to smart devices, or are not comfortable with smart device technology, can call a toll-free telephone number to hear a 5-minute, pre-recorded weekly message (available every Wednesday). A podcast version is also available.

title: Buddhist Churches of America


text:
Alene Duerk

Alene Bertha Duerk (March 29, 1920 – July 21, 2018) became the first female admiral in the U.S. Navy in 1972. She was also the director of the U.S. Navy Nurse Corps from 1970 to 1975. She is a 1974 recipient of a Distinguished Alumni Award of Case Western Reserve University's Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing.

Early life and education
Duerk was born in Defiance, Ohio, on March 29, 1920, to Albert and Emma Duerk. She had nursing training at Toledo Hospital School of Nursing, from which she received her diploma in 1941.

Career
On January 23, 1943, she was appointed as an ensign in the Nurse Corps of the U.S. Naval Reserve. After receiving her commission in 1943, she was assigned in March of that year as a Ward Nurse at Naval Medical Center Portsmouth, Portsmouth, Virginia. In January 1944, she transferred, in a similar capacity, to the Naval Hospital, Bethesda, Maryland and in May 1945 joined the USS Benevolence (AH-13) That vessel, anchored off Eniwetok, received the sick and wounded brought back from Third Fleet operations against Japan and later joined the Third Fleet for its last strikes against the enemy. After the cessation of hostilities, that hospital ship remained in Japanese waters, off Yokosuka, to assist in the processing of liberated Allied prisoners of war. The Benevolence returned to the United States with wounded servicemen in late 1945. Assigned in January 1946 to the Naval Hospital, Great Lakes, Illinois, Duerk continued duty there until June of that year, when she was released from active naval service.

She attended the Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, from which she received the degree of Bachelor of Science in Ward Management and Teaching, Medical and Surgical Nursing, in 1948. Employed as Supervisor and Instructor, Medical Nursing, at Highland Park (Michigan) General Hospital, she remained there until 1951. While there, she joined a ready naval reserve unit in Detroit, Michigan, in 1948.

Ordered to return to active naval service, she reported in June 1951, as a ward nurse at the Naval Hospital, Portsmouth, Virginia. Transferred in September 1951 to the Naval Hospital Corps School, Portsmouth, she was a Nursing Instructor there until October 1956, when she became Interservice Education Coordinatorat the Naval Horpital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. From June 1958 to May 1961 she served as Nurse Programs Officer at the Naval Recruiting Station, Chicago, Illinois, after which she had duty as Charge Nurse at the U. S. Naval Station Hospital, Subic Bay, Republic of the Philippines. In April 1962 she was assigned as Assistant Chief Nurse at the U.S. Naval Hospital, Yokosuka, Japan.

During the period May 1963 to June 1965 she was the Senior Nurse Corps Officer at the Naval Station Dispensary, Long Beach, California. Following an assignment as Chief of the Nursing Branch at the Naval Hospital Corps School, San Diego, California, she reported in May 1966 as Assistant for Nurse Recruitment in the Office of the Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health and Medical), Washington, D. C. She remained there until May 1967, then had duty until February 1968 as Assistant Head of Medical Placement Liaison (Nurse Corps), Bureau of Naval Personnel, Navy Department. She next returned to the Naval Hospital, Great Lakes, where she became Director of the Navy Nurse Corps, Bureau of Medicine and Surgery, Navy Department.

Advancing progressively in rank, she attained that of captain on July 1, 1967. She became the first female admiral in the Navy in 1972.

Duerk retired in 1975. She died in Central Florida on July 21, 2018, at the age of 98.

Awards and decorations
Duerk received the following honorary degrees:
 * Legion of Merit ribbon.svg Legion of Merit
 * U.S. Naval Reserve Medal ribbon.svg Naval Reserve Medal
 * American Campaign Medal ribbon.svg American Campaign Medal
 * Asiatic-Pacific Campaign ribbon.svg Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with bronze star
 * World War II Victory Medal ribbon.svg World War II Victory Medal
 * Army of Occupation ribbon.svg Navy Occupation Service Medal, Asia Clasp
 * National Defense Service Medal ribbon.svg National Defense Service Medal with bronze star
 * Doctor of Human Relations from Bowling Green University, 1973
 * Doctor of Humanities from Marymount College of Arlington, Virginia, 1974
 * Doctor of Science from Iowa Wesleyan College, 1975
 * Doctor of Science from Medical College of Ohio, 1976.

Tributes
In 2013 the University of Central Florida College of Nursing unveiled a bronze statue of Duerk, and it was put on display there. That university also offers the Rear Admiral Alene Duerk VNA Endowed Nursing Scholarship.

Personal life and retirement
Having heard of her promotion to rear admiral on the radio in her car, a toll booth operator was the first person Duerk spoke to about it. But by the time she had gotten home, family was already calling and the press was waiting for her. From that time on, she felt that she was not only an admiral, she was a spokeswoman for all the women in the Navy. In that role, she frequently made appearances and statements in support of her Navy women, fighting for increases in pay, better conditions and recruiting nurses. Shortly after her promotion, she appeared on the game show To Tell the Truth

After retirement, she joined the board of the Visiting Nurse Association in the early 1990s, which later became the Visiting Nurse Foundation in 1997, serving on the board for nearly 25 years. The board established the Admiral Alene Duerk Endowed Scholarship Fund at University of Central Florida in her honor.

Although she was very close to her family, Duerk never married or had children of her own.

title: Alene Duerk


text:
Milk Man (Deerhoof album)

Milk Man is the sixth album by the band Deerhoof, released in 2004. It is something of a concept album, based on a character (the "Milk Man" shown on the cover of the album), created by Japanese artist Ken Kagami, a friend and onetime housemate of the band. The album was remastered and reissued in 2011 by ATP Recordings.

Personnel

 * Chris Cohen – guitar
 * John Dieterich – guitar
 * Satomi Matsuzaki – bass guitar, vocals
 * Greg Saunier – drums, vocals

title: Milk Man (Deerhoof album)


text: Category:1877 in law

title: Category:1877 in law


text:
Bill Cowley

William Mailes "Cowboy" Cowley (June 12, 1912 – December 31, 1993 ) was a Canadian professional ice hockey centre who played 13 seasons in the National Hockey League for the St. Louis Eagles and Boston Bruins. Described as the Wayne Gretzky of his era, Cowley twice won the Hart Memorial Trophy as the NHL's MVP, and is widely regarded as one of the best playmakers in hockey history.

Amateur career
Born in Quebec and raised in the Ottawa Valley, Cowley played junior ice hockey locally, for the Ottawa Primrose and Ottawa Shamrocks of the Ottawa City Hockey League. He led the competition in scoring while playing for the Primroses in the 1931 Memorial Cup, where they lost in the finals by the Elmwood Millionaires, two games to one.

He was selected by Cecil Duncan to be on an Ottawa All-Stars team which went undefeated on an exhibition series in Europe during December 1931 and January 1932. Following the tour, he played a partial season for the Shamrocks' senior team in 1933, before moving on to play for the Halifax Wolverines of the Maritime Senior Hockey League in 1934, leading the league that season in goals, assists and points.

1930s
After playing a single minor professional game for the Tulsa Oilers of the American Hockey Association at the start of the season—scoring no points but getting into a fight—Cowley broke in as a rookie with the St. Louis Eagles, formerly the Ottawa Senators. After the season, the Senators/Eagles franchise was terminated and Bruins general manager Art Ross selected Cowley with the sixth selection in the subsequent dispersal draft, paying a dispersal fee of $2,250 to the Senators.

Originally playing for Boston as a left winger instead of at his natural center position due to the presence on the Boston roster of star centers Cooney Weiland and Dit Clapper, Cowley scored his first goal for Boston on December 1, 1935, in the Bruins' 2–0 victory over the New York Rangers at Boston Garden. He finished the 1936 season with 21 points, good for fourth in team scoring that year. By the playoffs, he had improved enough to be a starter, centering a checking line with Paul Runge and Peggy O'Neil, and contributed two goals in the Bruins' two-game total-goals loss to the Toronto Maple Leafs.

In his second season, he moved permanently to center on a line with Ray Getliffe and Charlie Sands, Cowley broke through to stardom, leading the Bruins in scoring and tying for eighth in the league that season. While the injury-riddled Bruins failed in the playoffs again—losing in three games to the Montreal Maroons—Cowley was rewarded by a fourth place finish in voting for the Lady Byng Memorial Trophy.

Augmented by the first full season of the famous Kraut Line, comprising Milt Schmidt, Bobby Bauer and Woody Dumart, the 1938 season saw the Cowley-led Bruins rocketing to the top of the standings, recording 30 wins, a mark only surpassed in league history to that date by the 1930 Bruins. Again Cowley led Boston in scoring with 38 points, good for fifth in the league, and he was named a First Team All-Star at center for the first time.

As the 1939 season got underway, Cowley was assigned new linemates, Roy Conacher and Mel Hill. Even though Cowley missed over a quarter of the season with a knee injury, he finished third in league scoring behind Toe Blake and Sweeney Schriner, and set a new single-season NHL record for assists with 34 (a record Cowley would break himself in 1941). The opening playoff series against the Rangers was the first in league history to go a full seven games, and famously won by Hill, who with his three overtime goals earned the nickname "Sudden Death"; Cowley assisted on all three of his goals and scored three himself. The Bruins went on to defeat Toronto in the finals for their second Stanley Cup; Cowley led all playoff scorers with 14 points.

1940s
Boston defended its regular season title in 1940 season, with Cowley finishing tied for fourth in league scoring behind all three members of the Kraut Line (the only other times the top four scorers came from the same team would be from the Bruins as well, in 1971 and 1974).

The 1941 season saw Cowley have his best season to date, leading Boston to its unprecedented fourth straight regular season championship. Even though his chronically bad knee forced him out of some games and almost all of the playoffs, Cowley won the scoring championship by a wide margin over Bryan Hextall of the Rangers with 62 points—second in league history only to Cy Denneny's mark of 73 in 1930, when the forward passing rules had been vastly liberalized—and won the Hart Memorial Trophy. He also broke his own record for assists in a season with 47, and was named a First Team All-Star for the second time. Despite Cowley only being able to play in two playoff games and scoring no points, the Bruins won their third Stanley Cup title, defeating the Detroit Red Wings in four consecutive games in the final round.

World War II ravaged the Bruins' powerful roster starting the next season. While the Bruins were comfortably in first place through the season's halfway point, all three of the Kraut Line were called up to the Canadian armed forces shortly thereafter. Worse yet, Cowley suffered a serious jaw injury against Detroit on January 22—Busher Jackson quoted as saying the injury was one of the worst he had ever seen —and missed all of the rest of the regular season, with team manager Art Ross deliberately holding him out for the playoffs. During the season, on February 5, 1942, one of the first NHL All-Star Games was organized in Boston, between a Boston team augmented by recently retired Bruins and an alumni All-Star team from other clubs, to benefit the U.S. Army Relief Society. Too injured to play, Cowley coached the Bruins team; the game ended in a 4–4 tie.

In the 1943 season, Cowley regained full form, playing in every game and once again leading the league in assists, as well as in power play and game-winning goals. He scored new career highs of 27 goals and 72 points, finishing second in the scoring race to Doug Bentley of the Chicago Black Hawks, while being cited by Detroit manager Jack Adams as being the greatest stickhandler the game had ever seen. He was named First Team All-Star for the third time, and given the war- and injury-riddled Bruins' roster, was awarded his second Hart Memorial Trophy as the league's most valuable player.

Now in his thirties and suffering more frequent injuries, Cowley never again played a full season. Yet 1944 proved his finest season, as he comfortably led the league in scoring for most of it, tallying nearly two points a game, a mark that would stand for decades (though this would be the only season during Cowley's career in which the Bruins missed the playoffs). He centered a line with Herb Cain and Art Jackson. With the team once again decimated with injuries and enlistments, Cowley was the sole major star left. The injury bug struck again on January 7, when in the midst of a 12–3 rout by Toronto, Leaf center Jack McLean separated Cowley's shoulder with a heavy boardcheck; Bruins manager Ross alleged that it was a dirty play and the result of a deliberate attack. Upon returning to the lineup, he reinjured his chronically bad knee and was forced out again, eventually missing 14 games in all to finish seventh in league scoring. Despite missing so much action, he was named First Team All-Star at center for the fourth and final time, and was runner-up in Hart Trophy voting to Babe Pratt of Toronto.

He was healthy for most of the 1944–45 NHL season, and led the scoring race for most of it (despite little help from the ongoing decimation of the Bruins roster) before tailing off to finish fourth in league scoring (behind Elmer Lach, Maurice Richard, and Toe Blake, who played on the Montreal Canadiens' Punch Line), and leading the Bruins in scoring for the final time. Cowley was named to the Second All-Star Team, and placed third and fourth respectively in the Hart and Lady Byng voting. He was considered the star of the series as the threadbare underdog Bruins extended the recent Stanley Cup champion Detroit Red Wings to seven games in the opening series of the playoffs.

Centering Cain and Don Gallinger as the 1945–46 NHL season dawned, and with the return of many players from the military, Cowley started out strong, scoring 24 points in 26 games before suffering a compound fracture of the wrist in a January match against the Canadiens. He returned in time for the playoffs, where the Bruins fell to the Canadiens in the Cup Finals.

In his final season, Cowley was slowed by age and the progressive effect of his many injuries, but finished fourth in team scoring behind Schmidt, Bauer and Dumart despite missing nine games, and centered a line with Gallinger and Bep Guidolin. On February 12, 1947, he surpassed Syd Howe to become the all-time career NHL points leader in a 10–1 win over the New York Rangers.

Retirement
On April 5, 1947, at the Bruins' annual breakup party, Cowley unexpectedly announced he was leaving hockey because general manager Art Ross had chosen to leave him off of the roster for a post-season exhibition tour of western Canada and the United States. Cowley's wife was from Vancouver and he wanted to use the trip as a honeymoon.

Cowley finished his career with 195 goals and 353 assists for 548 points in 549 NHL games. Upon his retirement, Cowley was the NHL career leader in assists (a distinction he'd held from the 1944 season on forward) and points; he held both marks until surpassed by Elmer Lach in 1952. He led the league in hat tricks twice (1943 and 1944), in assists per game five times, and in points per game four times.

His 1944 record of 1.97 points per game stood as the all-time mark until Wayne Gretzky surpassed it in 1981. Cowley was to later say of Gretzky surpassing his mark, "I never thought I'd see the day when a player would do that. I always thought that would be impossible."

After his career, Cowley went on to coach the Ottawa Commandos team in the Ontario Hockey Association's senior loop in 1948, and the Vancouver Canucks of the Pacific Coast Hockey League in 1949, in which the team finished third place in its division with a 33–31–6 record, before leaving the sport for good.

Returning to Ottawa after his coaching days, Cowley went into business, owning a hotel in Smiths Falls, Ontario and the Elmdale Tavern/Hotel in Ottawa. In 1967, he was a founder of the Ottawa 67's junior ice hockey team, and remained part owner until 1975. He passed on the Elmdale to his son John.

Cowley died on New Year's Eve, 1993, of a heart attack. He was survived by his wife Jessie (née Wilson), children Jill Fumerton, John, Jane Egan and Dan. He is buried in the hamlet of Norway Bay, Quebec, just south-east of his birthplace of Bristol, where he had a home and spent much of his retirement years.

Cowley was the last active player who had played for the Senators/Eagles franchise. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1968, as the sole inductee into the Players category that year. In 1998, he was ranked number 53 on The Hockey News' list of the 100 Greatest Hockey Players.

title: Bill Cowley


text:
Philotheus of Pskov

Philotheus (or Filofei; Филофей; c. 1465 – 1542) was a hegumen of the Yelizarov Monastery, near Pskov, in the 16th century. He is credited with authorship of the Legend of the White Cowl and the Moscow - Third Rome prophecy, details of which are very scarce. He is popularly known as the presumed author of the concept of Moscow as the Third Rome; Philotheus set out this thesis in his letters to the priest and to Grand Duke Vasily III.

In reality, these letters are mainly devoted to other issues, mostly talking about Church issues, and only refer to Moscow or Muscovy rather obliquely. Their main message in this regard is rather to remind the tzar about his ecclesiastical position of Protector of Faith, as the two previous capitals of Orthodoxy, Rome and Constantinople, both fell, first to the Latin heretics, and second to the Muslim heathens, with Moscow remaining its sole bastion. Philotheus prophecy could then best construed that the Muscovy (or Russia in general) will stand as far as it remains true to the Orthodox faith.

His alleged authorship of the essays On the Grievances of the Church to Ivan the Terrible, was refuted by scholars, as it contained elements of discrepancy with his first epistle. The person who wrote this essay, using the name of Philotheus, tied the theme of "Third Rome" to the protection of property rights of the church.

In August 2009, it was reported that archaeologists had discovered a grave in Pskov, allegedly belonging to Philotheus.

title: Philotheus of Pskov


text:
Talk:Second Chimurenga

Contradictory Sentence?
I find the following sentence contradictory:

"In 1976, Rhodesian Selous Scout soldiers destroyed a United Nations refugee camp, containing many hundreds of terrorist trainees, called cadres."

Surely it was either a refugee camp or it was a terrorist training camp, but not both -- or was/is the UN in the business of housing refugees and training terrorists in the same location?

Anyone have any comments?

--Craig 18:13, 23 October 2005 (UTC)

 * Since I received no response, I went ahead and edited that sentence at the same time as cleaning up the article significantly. --Craig 23:07, 25 October 2005 (UTC)

Background
Some background information on the war would be nice. It may be blindingly obvious why the war started, but I wouldn't want to just presume and add it myself. --Easytoremember 01:33, 31 May 2006 (UTC)

I find this page to be biased toward the white population of Rhodesia by not being called the bush war.

That's what the Zimbabwean government calls it. Complain to them. Gazpacho 19:57, 10 August 2006 (UTC)

Move discussion in progress
There is a move discussion in progress on Talk:Rhodesian Bush War which affects this page. Please participate on that page and not in this talk page section. Thank you. —RMCD bot 02:47, 12 October 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Second Chimurenga


text:
Wikipedia:Articles for deletion/Wikipedia:Wikiworld

 This page is an archive of the discussion about the proposed deletion of the article below. This page is no longer live. Further comments should be made on the article's talk page rather than here so that this page is preserved as an historic record. The result of the debate was DELETE. JeremyA 03:58, 18 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Wikiworld
No practical use and has not been updated in a long time. Delete. --Sn0wflake 16:14, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)
 * Delete. Nothing there that's not already listed on the Main Page. Mgm|(talk) 17:54, Jun 4, 2005 (UTC)

 * This page is now preserved as an archive of the debate and, like some other VfD subpages, is no longer 'live'. Subsequent comments on the issue, the deletion, or the decision-making process should be placed on the relevant 'live' pages.  Please do not edit this page .


text:
Talk:Farmers Branch, Texas

Correct format for including additional references
There seems to be a repeated problem in the last week in which one editor adds four articles to the end of the reference list without working them into the article, then another editor removes the articles. Given that the articles seem (from the titles) to be about support of Ordinance 2903 and about frustration over the restraining order, it would be easy for people to think it was a question of keeping out reporting on the support for the ordinance, when I suspect it's more about the support being added in an unencyclopedic way.

I am posting the list here so that editors can collaborate to incorporate any relevant references and/or material into the article OR add them as part of a separate list of additional references for key articles not directly cited in the text. I already checked to make sure all four references exist; the first three are editorial columns by a Dallas Morning News columnist who also works for WBAP, while the last is a news article. - Lawikitejana 22:15, 12 June 2007 (UTC)
 * 10. Mark Davis, Is Farmers Branch Racist?, Dallas Morning News, November 29, 2006. +
 * 11. Mark Davis, Farmers Branch voters have spoken; who's listening?, Dallas Morning News, May 16, 2007
 * 12. Mark Davis, In Farmers Branch and Washington, the will of the people is being ignored. The Dallas Morning News, May 23, 2007
 * 13. Stephanie Sandoval, Order to halt rental ban frustrates FB residents The Dallas Morning News, May 26, 2007

Fair use rationale for Image:Farmers branch flag.gif
Image:Farmers branch flag.gif is being used on this article. I notice the image page specifies that the image is being used under fair use but there is no explanation or rationale as to why its use in this Wikipedia article constitutes fair use. In addition to the boilerplate fair use template, you must also write out on the image description page a specific explanation or rationale for why using this image in each article is consistent with fair use.

Please go to the image description page and edit it to include a fair use rationale. Using one of the templates at Fair use rationale guideline is an easy way to insure that your image is in compliance with Wikipedia policy, but remember that you must complete the template. Do not simply insert a blank template on an image page.

If there is other fair use media, consider checking that you have specified the fair use rationale on the other images used on this page. Note that any fair use images lacking such an explanation can be deleted one week after being tagged, as described on criteria for speedy deletion. If you have any questions please ask them at the Media copyright questions page. Thank you.

BetacommandBot (talk) 20:37, 13 February 2008 (UTC)
 * Problem fixed by another user as of 15 Feb 2008. Lawikitejana (talk) 04:18, 1 March 2008 (UTC)

Immigration Measures
Hazleton, PA was actually the first municipality to pass legislation banning landlords from renting to illegal immigrants. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 209.2.229.56 (talk) 18:38, 29 May 2008 (UTC)

Zoning map

 * Webpage: https://www.farmersbranch.info/work/planning/zoning-aerials http://www.webcitation.org/6AswdzxXg
 * Overall: http://www.farmersbranch.info/sites/default/files/images/content-images/Zoning%20Atlas.jpg - http://www.webcitation.org/6AswfcuUK

And by grid: WhisperToMe (talk) 05:24, 23 September 2012 (UTC)
 * 23: https://www.farmersbranch.info/sites/default/files/map23.pdf - http://www.webcitation.org/6AswhUsi6

Maps: WhisperToMe (talk) 23:24, 29 April 2014 (UTC)
 * http://www.farmersbranchtx.gov/index.aspx?nid=251

External links modified
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 * Added tag to http://www.census.gov/popest/data/cities/totals/2015/SUB-EST2015.html
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 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://dfw.cbslocal.com/2011/05/16/farmers-branch-voters-say-no-to-separate-isd/
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20140330130449/http://godja.org/hoshuko/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=46&Itemid=93 to http://godja.org/hoshuko/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=46&Itemid=93

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External links modified
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I have just modified 9 external links on Farmers Branch, Texas. Please take a moment to review my edit. If you have any questions, or need the bot to ignore the links, or the page altogether, please visit this simple FaQ for additional information. I made the following changes:
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://factfinder2.census.gov/
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://factfinder2.census.gov/
 * Corrected formatting/usage for http://www.census.gov/prod/www/decennial.html
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20170202120557/https://cfbisd.edu/files/_1XBsz_/63b603d93b7d7f743745a49013852ec4/Attendance-Zone-Map-Stark.pdf to http://www.cfbisd.edu/files/_1XBsz_/63b603d93b7d7f743745a49013852ec4/Attendance-Zone-Map-Stark.pdf
 * Added tag to http://www.cfbisd.edu/files/_1XBnd_/847863eda1e980c73745a49013852ec4/Attendance-Zone-Map-McLaughlin.pdf
 * Added tag to http://www.cfbisd.edu/files/_1XBtr_/585885cbddb6df893745a49013852ec4/Attendance-Zone-Map-Strickland.pdf
 * Added tag to http://www.cfbisd.edu/files/_1XB3o_/ad0c9fcbea1a21693745a49013852ec4/Attendance-Zone-Map-Field.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20170202181329/https://cfbisd.edu/files/_1XCGr_/97e43a4a81cd196a3745a49013852ec4/Attendance-Zone-Map-Turner.pdf to http://www.cfbisd.edu/files/_1XCGr_/97e43a4a81cd196a3745a49013852ec4/Attendance-Zone-Map-Turner.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20170202120614/https://cfbisd.edu/files/_1XB2T_/e035a424ba487d763745a49013852ec4/Attendance-Zone-Map-Bush.pdf to http://www.cfbisd.edu/files/_1XB2T_/e035a424ba487d763745a49013852ec4/Attendance-Zone-Map-Bush.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20170202113302/https://cfbisd.edu/files/_1XCDQ_/a6658f976e3319bf3745a49013852ec4/Attendance-Zone-Map-Ranchview.pdf to http://www.cfbisd.edu/files/_1XCDQ_/a6658f976e3319bf3745a49013852ec4/Attendance-Zone-Map-Ranchview.pdf
 * Added archive https://web.archive.org/web/20120115214139/http://www.honorsacademy.org/index.php/about.html to http://www.honorsacademy.org/index.php/about.html
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Need Names Under ‘The structure of the management and co-ordination of city services’ ?
Isn’t it un-encyclopedic and undue weight (WP:WEIGHT) to list all the 19 names and titles of employees under ‘The structure of the management and co-ordination of city services is:’? Quaerens-veritatem (talk) 04:55, 19 February 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:Farmers Branch, Texas


text:
Congress (card game)

Congress is a patience or solitaire card game using two decks of 52 playing cards each. It is a simple but strategic game which requires skill and careful choosing for it to be completed successfully. It is closely related to Forty Thieves but has eight instead of ten columns. It is sometimes called President's Cabinet, and can typically be completed successfully less than once in 20 games.

Rules
Two columns of four cards each are dealt. In between these two columns are columns that serve as foundations. Once an ace is available, it is placed on one of these foundations and it is built up by suit to Kings.

The cards on the two columns to the left and right of the foundations are available for play and a card can built onto a foundation or to another card on the tableau (the two columns). Building on the tableau is down regardless of suit and any space is filled either by the top card of the stock or the top card of the wastepile. Cards are moved only one at a time.

When play is no longer possible on the tableau, the stock is dealt one at a time onto the waste pile, the top card of which is available for play. It can only be dealt once.

The game is out if all cards are placed onto the foundations.

Variations
Parliament is an easier variant of Congress where the Aces begin on the foundations. Also closely related is Diplomat.

title: Congress (card game)


text:
User talk:Heydude

Welcome!
Hi Heydude, and a warm welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you have enjoyed editing as much as I did so far and decide to stay. Unfamiliar with the features and workings of Wikipedia? Don't fret! Be Bold! Here's some good links for your reference and that'll get you started in no time!

""

Most Wikipedians would prefer to just work on articles of their own interest. But if you have some free time to spare, here are some open tasks that you may want to help out :

""

Oh yes, don't forget to sign when you write on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: ~. This will automatically add your name and the time after your comments. And finally, if you have any questions or doubts, don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Once again, welcome! =)

- Mailer Diablo 16:15, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)

title: User talk:Heydude


text:
Talk:The Colony, Texas

Vandalism >:O
Someone needs a BAN BAN BAN. It's srs business.

71.123.181.108 (talk) 01:55, 15 January 2009 (UTC)

bad link
http://gismap.cityofthecolony.com currently links to MS IIS, Might be a temporary glitch, but if the issue endures, the link should be removed,Bustter (talk) 06:26, 14 April 2009 (UTC)

Eliminated "external links" section, which consisted of one dead link. Bustter (talk) 13:38, 19 May 2009 (UTC)

Detailed Change Notes
Updated Mayor and Council per May 2009 election. Removed inaccurate derogatory sentence about liquor stores. Removed inaccurate unsubstantiated sentence about bankrupt businesses. Thecolonytx (talk) 23:27, 22 May 2009 (UTC)

Updated Relations with Frisco, TX section. Tcresident51 (talk) 16:14, 28 May 2009 (UTC)

Changed the name of this section, if you don't mind. BTW, The derogatory sentence about the liquor stores - The Colony, City by the Liquor Store - should not be in the article but it is a common joke for TC residents. Until recently the surrounding cities of Lewisville and Frisco were 'dry' and did not permit liquor stores, but The Colony did. This led to The Colony having so many liquor stores per capita - 1 store per 7800 residents, compared to 1 per 44k in Frisco, and 1 per 32k in Lewisville, don't quote me on that (Numbers compiled using zip codes and City-Data). Laser123454321 (talk) 19:18, 12 April 2014 (UTC)

Grandscape
Perhaps a bit subjective, living in area, thought addition of more details to article would be appropriate;

"The development of Grandscape, the 3.9 million-square-foot mixed-use project sprouting up in The Colony, Texas, takes a significant step forward. Developer Nebraska Furniture Mart, a subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway, recently tapped Merriman Anderson/Architects to serve as designer and architect of record for the $1.3 billion, suburban Dallas/Fort Worth project." from https://www.cpexecutive.com/post/maa-tapped-to-design-1-3b-dallas-project/?utm_source=whatcountsemail&utm_medium=cpe%20daily&utm_campaign=cpe%20daily%20newsletter --Wikipietime (talk) 14:31, 28 July 2017 (UTC)

title: Talk:The Colony, Texas


text:
User talk:Benvol

Welcome!
Hi Benvol, and a warm welcome to Wikipedia! I hope you have enjoyed editing as much as I did so far and decide to stay. Unfamiliar with the features and workings of Wikipedia? Don't fret! Be Bold! Here's some good links for your reference and that'll get you started in no time!

""

Most Wikipedians would prefer to just work on articles of their own interest. But if you have some free time to spare, here are some open tasks that you may want to help out :

""

Oh yes, don't forget to sign when you write on talk pages, simply type four tildes, like this: ~. This will automatically add your name and the time after your comments. And finally, if you have any questions or doubts, don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Once again, welcome! =)

- Mailer Diablo 16:15, 4 Jun 2005 (UTC)

Image Tagging Image:OsnabrueckCastlePark.jpg
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Image Tagging Image:UniOsnaPhys.jpg
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Image Tagging Image:OsnabrueckCastle.jpg
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Image Tagging Image:Uni-FH-OsnaWesterberg.jpg
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Image Tagging Image:UniOsnaEcon.jpg
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Image Tagging Image:UniOsnaMath.jpg
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title: User talk:Benvol