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State of Origin series

The State of Origin series is an annual best-of-three rugby league series between two Australian state representative sides, the New South Wales Blues and the Queensland Maroons.

Referred to as “Australian sport's greatest rivalry”,   the State of Origin series is one of Australia's premier sporting events, attracting huge television audiences and usually selling out the stadiums in which the games are played. It is regularly described as the pinnacle of rugby league, inclusive of comparisons with international competitions.

Players are selected to represent the Australian state in which they played their first senior rugby league game (either high school or local senior club). Before 1980 players were only selected for interstate matches based on where they were playing their club football at the time. Queensland was not generally competitive under these selection rules, with a total record of 54 wins, 8 draws, and 159 losses, as their smaller economy and ban on poker machines meant that leagues clubs could not compete and the vast majority of elite players ended up playing in the much richer Sydney Rugby League premiership.

In both 1980 and 1981, there were two interstate matches under the old selection rules and one experimental "State of Origin" match. From 1982 onwards a best-of-three match series has been played around the middle of the rugby league season for the State of Origin shield. During the early years the overall series results remained relatively even, but Queensland surged ahead between 2006 and 2017, winning 11 out of 12 series, including a record eight series in a row.

Teams
Since the 1908 establishment of rugby league in Australia, the sport's two major states, New South Wales and Queensland, have played representative matches against each other which have continued into the "state of origin" era which began in 1980. The two states' teams are frequently referred to as the Blues and Maroons, reflecting the respective colours of their jerseys. These were the colours of the Australia national rugby league team's jersey until the adoption of the green and gold. The Blues team is administered by the New South Wales Rugby League and the Maroons by the Queensland Rugby League. The New South Wales team are sometimes referred to by the nickname "Cockroaches" and the Queensland team as "Cane Toads", due to names given to them by Barry Muir and Johnny Raper respectively. It was reinforced by a marketing campaign used in the 1980s where the respective teams were caricatured as such.

While other Australian states and territories also have representative rugby league teams, they have not competed in the State of Origin.

Interstate rugby league before 1980
The first calls for a state of origin selection policy in interstate rugby football came before the schism between the union and league codes eventuated in Australia. In 1900 a journalist known as 'The Cynic' wrote in The Referee that star rugby player and recent immigrant to Queensland, Stephen Spragg, should be able to play for his home state of New South Wales.

Since the beginning of Australian rugby league in 1908, an interstate competition between New South Wales and Queensland has been conducted almost annually (apart from during WWI, Spanish flu and WWII). Until 1982 each team drew its players from the clubs based in that state. No consideration was given to the origins of the players themselves.

The first of these interstate games was played at Sydney's Agricultural Ground on 11 July 1908, before Queensland had even commenced its club competition. New South Wales easily accounted for Queensland in a 43–0 victory. The local media were unimpressed.

 *  There can be no doubt the NSW men are improving a good deal... They cannot be blamed for the farce, for it was nothing else. If the Australian team depends on Queenslanders to strengthen it, one is afraid it will be found wanting. They are quite the weakest lot of footballers I have even seen come down from Queensland. The play needs no detailed description as it was simply a practice match for NSW, and certainly did not advantageously advertise the new game.
 * -The Sydney Morning Herald, 13 July 1908

The interstate series was dominated by New South Wales, apart from a golden period for Queensland in the 1920s. From 1922 to 1925 Queensland defeated New South Wales 11 times in 12 matches. At the end of the 1925 season, a Kangaroo team was to be picked for touring Great Britain. Instead of announcing an Australian team dominated by Queenslanders, the Australian Rugby League Board of Control informed the media that the Rugby Football League had decided that the Kiwis would provide stronger opposition and that there would be no Australian tour. The period spanning 1922 to 1929 saw no Australian team play in Great Britain, the only such hiatus outside the two World Wars.

The New South Wales dominance of interstate football increased after 1956 when gaming machines were legalised for all registered clubs in New South Wales. This provided New South Wales football clubs with a revenue source unmatched by Queensland clubs. From this time on an increasing number of Queensland players moved to the much stronger Sydney Rugby League competition, which then made them ineligible to play for Queensland in state selection. Paul Hogan famously told a Queensland Rugby League gathering in 1977 that "every time Queensland produces a good footballer, he finishes up being processed through a New South Wales poker machine."

Before 1956, NSW had won 75% and Qld only 25% of series played. From 1956 to 1981, NSW dominance soared even higher and Qld wins dwindled to only 3.8% with only 1 series win, in 1959.

Conception of State of Origin football
By the 1970s the prestige of interstate matches had been seriously downgraded, in most part due to the fact that a number of Queensland players signed to NSW clubs could not unseat the NSW incumbent and also were not eligible for Queensland selection, so they did not play at all. Matches were played mid-week, so as not to interfere with the Sydney club competition, and the small crowds in New South Wales were hosted at suburban grounds. Interstate football reached its nadir in 1977 when the New South Wales Rugby Football League (NSWRFL) declined to host the Queensland team, and both interstate games were played in Queensland.

Former Queensland captain and Australian vice-captain Jack Reardon, who had later become a journalist, was the first to suggest that Sydney-based Queenslanders should be available for selection to represent their state.

Brisbane Courier-Mail reporter Hugh Lunn, Barry Maranta (the future co-founder of the Brisbane Broncos) and Maranta's business partner Wayne Reid played a part in persuading QRL chairman Ron McAullife that the concept could be used in rugby league. Lunn told McAullife that "you can take the Queenslander out of Queensland, Ron, but you can't take the Queensland out of the Queenslander." McAuliffe was initially skeptical. "What if we recall our boys from Sydney to play, and we are beaten. Where would we go from there?" Reid spoke to NSWRFL president Kevin Humphreys and suggested that a one-off state of origin match could be used as a Test Match selection trial.

New South Wales clubs were reticent in their support of the concept and set two conditions:
 * If the third game was to decide the series it was not to act as a selection trial, and also,
 * that the expatriate Queenslanders would be under the supervision of a representative of the NSWRFL whose duty it would be to protect the interests of both the NSWRFL and the clubs to which they were contracted. (From 1980 this role was filled by Bob Abbott, a Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks official.)

Three Sydney clubs remained opposed to the plan: St. George Dragons, South Sydney Rabbitohs and Eastern Suburbs Roosters. As these clubs were refusing to release players, Humphreys threatened to make the game an official Australian Rugby League trial, which would make release mandatory. The clubs backed down.

Experimentation
After Queensland lost the first two interstate matches in 1980 (35–3 and 17–7, the second game in front of only 1,638 Sydneysiders) it was announced that a 'state of origin' match would take place on 8 July at Lang Park in Brisbane. The New South Wales media gave both the event and Queensland's chance of winning it, little credence, calling the game a "three-day wonder". Australia's 1978 captain Bob Fulton called the match "the non-event of the century". Ron MacAullife, however, was now committed to the concept and vigorously promoted the match. Thousands of tickets were sold before the game had been officially sanctioned. Although interstate matches in Brisbane had still been well attended (24,653 had attended the opening match of the 1979 series), few expected the sell-out crowd of 33,210 Queensland rugby league fans, delighted to see their heroes in the likes of Arthur Beetson representing their home state for the first time. Queensland convincingly beat New South Wales 20–10. "I was strongly against such a match, but last night's gripping clash showed that such a fixture would be a welcome addition to the League program."

In 1981 the first two interstate matches were again played under the old selection rules. As New South Wales won the first two matches in the series, state of origin selection rules were used once more in the third match. Although New South Wales ran out to an early 15–0 lead in the game, Queensland rallied to win 22–15.

Adoption
The interest generated by the experimental state of origin matches of 1980 and 1981 and the potential for financial rewards were enough to convince the authorities to play all three games under the state of origin rules the following year. "The State of Origin format is the only possible way to allow the interstate series to survive." Despite the Maroons' success so far in the State of Origin experiments, the New South Wales media dismissed the seriousness of the Queensland threat to the Blues' long-held dominance in series wins. Queensland, under the leadership of immortal captain Wally Lewis, was inspired by this, and for the first three State of Origin series, Queensland won 2 matches to 1.

However, in 1985, under the leadership of captain Steve Mortimer, New South Wales won the deciding match in front of 39,068 spectators at the Sydney Cricket Ground, claiming the series for the first time. The following year the Blues were able to go one better and complete the first state of origin whitewash, taking the series 3–0.

1987: American match
After Queensland had won the 1987 series 2–1, a fourth game was played at Long Beach, California to showcase rugby league to the American public.

The match was played at the Veterans Memorial Stadium in Long Beach, California in front of 12,349 fans. The Blues won the game 30–18.

On 15 July 2003 the Australian Rugby League announced that the fourth 1987 game was to be classified as an official match, and that a win in the state of origin match on 16 July 2003 would take New South Wales into the overall lead.

ARL chief executive Geoff Carr said: "There had been some debate over whether the Origin fixture . . . in 1987 was counted as an official match but a search of ARL records has confirmed the status conferred on that clash by the game's governing body at the time. In announcing the match in Big League in April 1987, Ken Arthurson, the ARL's chief executive in 1987, was quoted as saying 'It's an exciting experiment but the match isn't and won't be billed as an exhibition match'."

1990s
The Queensland halves pairing of Allan Langer and Wally Lewis led the Maroons in their 3–0 series wins in both 1988 and 1989. The rise of the Canberra Raiders in the then Winfield Cup club competition produced for the Blues the formidable halves combination of Ricky Stuart and Laurie Daley who brought New South Wales back from defeat in the opening game with two wins in the 1990 series. It was evident that as the rivalry between the two states grew, the Origin matches had become much more physical forward orientated game than the open running play seen in earlier series.

As the great Queensland players from the 1980s began to retire from the game, the Maroons struggled with a team of fresh faces and considerable inexperience. 1992, 1993 and 1994 series all went to NSW as the talent and experience of Blues players such as Brett Mullins, Daley and Stuart in the backs and Benny Elias and Bradley Clyde in the forwards gave the Blues the edge when the games were on the line. It wasn't until the upheaval of the Super League war in 1995 that the Maroons were able to again clinch a series.

The main cause for concern for Queensland was the fact that the Brisbane Broncos, its players and many other Queenslanders were not aligned with the ARL prohibiting any players signed with the Super League to play for the Maroons. Despite this, the Queenslanders won the 1995 series 3–0 in a shocking white-wash. The 1996 series saw the off-field contract dramas put aside as all players were allowed, regardless of contract, state of origin selection. Having the majority of the Queenslanders back didn't help the Maroons though as the Blues 1996 white-wash with a 3–0 series win of their own.

The Australian game divided in 1997 into two competitions, one run by the ARL and one by the News Limited-owned Super League, and an interstate series was played in each. Under the Super League banner, there was a Tri-Origin series with a New Zealand side added to the competition. The ARL meanwhile stuck to its traditional format. The teams were selected using origin rules, and New South Wales and Queensland met twice. These matches do not count towards the official state of origin record. As with the premiership, players were spread between two representative tournaments as well.

The competitions merged again in 1998 as the current National Rugby League, and the series that year proved to be enthralling as both sides won a game each away from home, setting up a decider at the Sydney Football Stadium where 39,000 fans witnessed the visiting Queenslanders take the series 2–1. The end of the decade saw a dramatic series with each side taking one game each and game three ending in a draw. Queensland was awarded the series as at the time the previous winners retained the interstate honors.

2000s
The early to mid-2000s saw New South Wales starting to assert its traditional interstate dominance, causing some critics to question the future of State of Origin. However, this imbalance tipped in the third and deciding game of the 2006 State of Origin series, which is seen as the starting point of Queensland's unprecedented dynasty. Queensland followed by winning the 2007 series, as well as the 2008 series, which made Queensland's streak three series in a row. New South Wales won Game 1 on 21 May 2008, however, Queensland won Game 2 on 11 June 2008, and Game 3 on 2 July 2008. Queensland continued to follow this up by winning the first two games of the 2009 series becoming the first state to win four series in a row.

2010s
In 2010, Queensland won its historic, record-breaking, fifth consecutive Origin series with a 23–18 win in the third and final match. This was the first Queensland team to win all three consecutive State of Origin Games in 15 years. Queensland full-back Billy Slater won the man of the match in the third game and was awarded the Wally Lewis Medal as Man of the Series in 2010. The 2010 State of Origin series was also the second televised program in Australia to be shot in 3D 1080i DVB-T as well as being simultaneously broadcast in regular 576i, 1080i DVB-T and PAL.

In the first game of the 2011 series, Queensland defeated New South Wales 16–12. In the second game, New South Wales defeated Queensland 18–8. Queensland won the series 34–24 in the 2011 decider in what was Queensland captain Darren Lockyer's 36th and final game. Cameron Smith won the man of the match in both the first and third game and was awarded the Wally Lewis Medal as Man of the Series.

In 2012, then NRL CEO David Gallop introduced the Under-20s State of Origin for Toyota Cup players which saw New South Wales winning. Queensland went on to win a historic 7th series win in 2012, winning the final game by 1 point.

In 2013, New South Wales defeated Queensland 14 to 6 in game 1, Queensland defeated New South Wales 26 to 6 in game 2, while in-game 3 Queensland defeated New South Wales 12 to 10 to take out the overall Origin title for the eighth consecutive time. The 2013 series set a new State of Origin television rating record for a whole series since the 2001 introduction of the rating system.

In 2014, New South Wales defeated Queensland 12–8 in the first game of the series, and 6–4 in the second. In the third game, Queensland defeated New South Wales 32-8 after scoring the first try of the game in the 37th minute, with Queensland leading 6–2 in the first half. This gave the Blues the first series win in 8 years.

In 2015, Queensland defeated New South Wales 11–10 in game 1 played in Sydney, New South Wales defeated Queensland 26–18 in game 2 played in Melbourne, Queensland defeated New South Wales 52–6 in game 3 played in Brisbane, winning the series 2–1.

In 2016, Queensland defeated New South Wales 6–4 in game 1 and clinched the series with a 26–16 win in the second match. New South Wales closed off the series with an 18–14 win over Queensland.

In 2017, New South Wales won Game 1, 28-4 sparking the New South Wales media to start proclaiming the beginning of the Blues Dynasty. Queensland won Game 2, 18-16 after making changes to the team with the returning Billy Slater and Johnathan Thurston, who kicked the winning goal for Queensland. Thurston injured his shoulder in the 30th minute of the match, essentially disabling it as he played out the whole match. Thurston was later ruled out for the rest of the year after scans revealed his shoulder needed a reconstruction, ending his representative career as he announced 2017 would be his last representative year. In Game 3, New South Wales went in with an unchanged lineup for all three games, the first to do so since 1996. Queensland dominated the Blues, winning 22–6, with Queensland winger Dane Gagai winning the Wally Lewis Medal for Best Player in the series. It also had Johnathan Thurston raise the Origin Shield with Queensland Captain Cameron Smith, before being chaired off the ground by his teammates, ending Thurston's representative career on a high note.

In 2018, New South Wales won their first State of Origin series in four years, defeating Queensland 22–12 and 18–14 in the first two games. Queensland scored a consolation victory 18–12 in the final game.

In 2019, Queensland defeated New South Wales in the first match 18–14. New South Wales then defeated Queensland 38–6 in the second and also won the third game 26–20. This was the first time since 2005 which New South Wales won a series decider and a consecutive series win.

2020s
In 2020, Ampol became the naming rights partner of the series until at least 2023, taking over from Holden.

The 2020 series was originally due to be played during the middle of the season, but was shifted to the post-season for the first time in history, due to the COVID-19 pandemic which forced the suspension of all non-essential services in March. The series was played on consecutive Wednesday nights in November (4th, 11th, and 18th), with the venues for the fixtures designated as: Adelaide Oval, ANZ Stadium and Suncorp Stadium. Former New South Wales captain Paul Gallen and Daily Telegraph journalist Dean Ritchie notably described the Queensland team as the worst ever Maroons side. Game 1, held for the first time in Adelaide, saw Queensland beat New South Wales in a nail biting 18–14 win. At half time, the Blues were leading the Maroons 10–0, but a huge upset secured the game for Queensland. Game 2 held in Sydney, New South Wales, at ANZ Stadium, was a blue wave. Queensland scored the first try but eventually lost the game to New South Wales 34–10. Game 3 was held in Brisbane on 18 November at Suncorp Stadium and was a physical match which saw Queensland regain the shield with a 20–14 win over New South Wales. In his post game speech, Captain Daly Cherry Evans quipped “and on behalf of the worst ever Queensland team, thank you very much”. A reference to critical comments made by former New South Wales Captain Paul Gallen. Cameron Munster was awarded the Wally Lewis Medal for his exceptional performances throughout the series, despite being out due to HIA for most of Game 2.

Game 1 of the 2021 series was held at Queensland Country Bank Stadium in Townsville on 9 June, moved from the MCG after another COVID-19 outbreak in Melbourne. This became the first Origin match to be played in a regional centre. New South Wales then recorded their biggest win in series history, defeating Queensland 50–6. NSW would go on to win the series with a 26–0 win against Queensland at Suncorp, with Queensland gaining a consolation win by defeating NSW 20–18 on the Gold Coast, with the venue being required due to the resurgence of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The 2022 series took place on 8 June 26 June and 13 July, being played at Accor Stadium in Sydney, Optus Stadium in Perth and Suncorp Stadium in Brisbane with the notable addition of former player Billy Slater, as coach for the Queensland side. Queensland would go onto win the first game 16–10, with New South Wales hitting back on game 2 with a huge 44–12 finish. Game 3 finished in a nail biting 22–12 to Queensland, with Hooker Ben Hunt intercepting a mid-air kick from New South Wales halfback Nathan Cleary, securing the game with an 80 metre sprint to score. The game has been called "one of the greatest games in State of Origin history".

The 2023 State of Origin series began in Adelaide with Queensland winning game one after coming from behind in the second half. In game two, Queensland would win 32-6 in Brisbane to claim the series. New South Wales would win game three to avoid a clean sweep. In the wake of another series loss, Brad Fittler resigned as head coach of New South Wales.

The 2024 State of Origin series started on 5th June in Sydney and the last game was played on 17th July in Brisbane. The game was held at Accor Stadium, Melbourne Cricket Ground and Suncorp Stadium. New South Wales won the series after winning 2nd game in Melbourne and 3rd game in Brisbane.

Popularity
In 2013, each individual game in the series drew a higher Australian television audience than any other sporting event, the only time this has ever happened.

In recent years the series has gained popularity outside of New South Wales and Queensland, with games played in Melbourne drawing record crowds for rugby league and local television ratings comparable to those of major AFL matches. Internationally, the series is televised in 91 countries, and is a national obsession in Papua New Guinea, occasionally sparking riots, violence and deaths. It also draws a strong following in neighbouring New Zealand.

Broadcasting
Within Australia, Nine Network is the main broadcaster for the series, with replays airing on Fox Sports. The series is also broadcast on radio by ABC Radio Grandstand.

Setanta Sports broadcasts live matches in Asia. In the United States, Fox Soccer televised all matches live using the Nine feed since 2011, with the coverage moving to Fox Sports 2 when Fox Soccer was discontinued in August 2013. Sky Sports broadcasts live coverage of State of Origin in the UK.

Roy and HG's State of Origin commentary was once broadcast on Australian youth radio network Triple J. This broadcast was presented by the characters "Rampaging" Roy Slaven and HG Nelson (played by John Doyle and Greig Pickhaver), who commentated the game with a unique comedic style. Roy and HG's broadcasts began in the late 1980s and continued until 2008. Roy and HG moved from Triple J to radio network Triple M in 2009, at which point the duo ceased their State of Origin commentary.

 * Includes overnight and total viewership (in brackets)

Selection rules
Under State of Origin rules players were previously selected for the state in which they first played senior (or registered) rugby league. In 2012, the NSWRL, CRL, QRL and ARLC agreed on new criteria in determining Origin eligibility, to encompass other factors, such as place of birth. Players must also be eligible to represent Australia at international level.

Controversy
From time to time, the selection of players under the State of Origin rules creates controversy. Since 1980, Queensland has completed just 7 series with a team completely made up of players of a Queensland birth, while for New South Wales the total is only 6, although every New South Wales player has been legally eligible for the state, unlike some of Queensland's. However, the place of birth has only been a relevant factor in eligibility since 2012. The issue was parodied in the song "That's In Queensland".

An issue of contention has been the selection of players such as Peter Sterling, Ken Nagas, James McManus, Israel Folau and Greg Inglis.

NSW controversies
Ken Nagas was born and raised in Queensland but decided to play for New South Wales, Peter Sterling was born in Toowoomba, Queensland but raised in Wagga Wagga, Newcastle and Sydney, all in New South Wales, while McManus was born in Scotland and was raised in the Northern Territory, but was ruled eligible to play for New South Wales in the 2009 series. New South Wales also claim players who were born and raised in the Australian Capital Territory, including Nick Cotric and Terry Campese. However, given that the Australian Capital Territory local competition is administered by the NSWRL and is part of the New South Wales jurisdiction, this makes NSW eligibility for ACT players legitimate.

Queensland controversies
Israel Folau was born and raised in New South Wales but is eligible to play for Queensland as he played his first senior rugby league match in Queensland.

Many other Queensland players were born outside the state yet played for the Maroons, such as Sam Thaiday (born in Sydney), Petero Civoniceva (born in Fiji), Adrian Lam (born in Papua New Guinea), Lote Tuqiri (born in Fiji), Michael Crocker (born in Sydney), Billy Moore (born in Tenterfield), Tonie Carroll (born in Christchurch), Karmichael Hunt (born in Auckland) and Brad Thorn (born in Otago region, NZ).

Inglis Scandal
The selection of Greg Inglis by Queensland was the most controversial. The Queensland Rugby League selected him based on the falsity that Brisbane Norths was Inglis' first senior football club, as per the eligibility rules at the time. However, some claim that schoolboy competitions count as senior football; and, with Inglis having previously played for Hunter Sports High School in Newcastle, New South Wales, in the Arrive Alive Cup, he should have played for New South Wales.

Notable Cases of Odd Eligibility
Due to the clarification of selection rules, the Sims brothers are eligible for different States. Tariq and Ashton are eligible for New South Wales, while Korbin Sims is eligible for Queensland. Previously father and son combinations, such as Steve and Mat Rogers, have represented different states. This duo was especially notable because Mat was born in New South Wales and played for Queensland while Steve was born in Queensland and played for New South Wales. Steve Rogers played his first senior game of rugby league for the Southport Tigers on Queensland's Gold Coast, in an NSW CRL competition.

Foreign-born players have also represented each state. New Zealand has had several players, such as Brad Thorn, Ben Te'o, Craig Smith, Willie Mason, Tonie Carroll, James Tamou and Karmichael Hunt play Origin. Tamou's selection by New South Wales in 2012 was controversial as he was born in Palmerston North and played for the Junior Kiwis, lived in New Zealand until he moved to Sydney when he was 13 and was included in the New Zealand national rugby league team training squad for the 2011 Four Nations. Both Hunt and Tamou played for Australia before being selected for the State of Origin. Other players, such as Sam Kasiano and Jason Taumalolo are also eligible, creating concern in the New Zealand Rugby League. Apart from representing Queensland, Brad Thorn is also a dual rugby international, having played international rugby league for Australia, and international rugby union for the All Blacks.

Papua New Guinea–born Adrian Lam and Fijian-born Lote Tuqiri, Akuila Uate and Petero Civoniceva have also played Origin. Benny Elias was born in Lebanon and has played for and captained NSW. Mario Fenech was born in Malta and has played for NSW.

Anomalies

 * 1) In 1995 and 1997 Super League players were made ineligible for the ARL State of Origin series selection. This included most of Queensland's usual team, who now played for the Super League affiliated Brisbane Broncos. The ARL hence decided to relax the rules in those years, allowing Queensland to select Adrian Lam who had previously played for Papua New Guinea. The 1995 Origin series was the scene of the biggest upset in Origin history when the relatively inexperienced Maroons swept aside NSW, who even without their Super League players could still boast several senior Origin and international players, 3–0.
 * 2) During the 2000 World Cup several Australian players were granted dispensations to appear for other nations under the grandparent rule. The players affected were David Barnhill (NSW, Ireland), Kevin Campion (Qld, Ireland), Tonie Carroll (Qld, New Zealand), Graham Mackay (NSW, Scotland), Willie Mason (NSW, Tonga), Luke Ricketson (NSW, Ireland), Lote Tuqiri (Qld, Fiji) and Adrian Vowles (Qld, Scotland),

Year by year
Of the 43 full series played, Queensland has won 24, New South Wales 17, with 2 series drawn. However, on both of the 2 occasions there was a drawn series, the previous year's winner retained the title, with both being retained by Queensland, meaning Queensland have won 26 titles and New South Wales 17 titles. With the addition of three one-off games that were played in 1980, 1981 and 1987, the total number of games played is 132. Queensland have won 70, New South Wales have won 60, with 2 matches being drawn.

The series of 1999 and 2002 are considered drawn series, as both New South Wales and Queensland won a single game of each 3 match series, with the final game concluding in a draw. At that time there was no overtime rule to break the deadlock, and by the same set of rules, Queensland retained the shield as they were the previous holders. Due to the controversy around the second drawn series, and the rule awarding the series champions to Queensland, the rules were subsequently changed to rule out drawn matches and series. Equal points at the close of full-time are now resolved with the golden point method.

Wally Lewis Medal
The Wally Lewis Medal was awarded by the Queensland Rugby League for the Queensland player of the series from 1992 to 2003, when The Ron McAuliffe Medal replaced it as the Queensland exclusive award. From 2004 onwards it has been awarded to the player of the series irrespective of state, to the following players:

 * italics denotes player won it from the losing state.

Team

 * Most games won: 70, Queensland
 * Most series won: 24, Queensland
 * Most titles: 26, Queensland
 * Most consecutive games won: 8, Queensland (Game II, 1987 – Game III, 1989)
 * Most consecutive series won: 8, Queensland (2006–2013)
 * Most series clean sweeps: 4, Queensland (1988–1989, 1995, 2010)
 * Largest winning margin: 46, Queensland 52–6 New South Wales (Game III, 2015)
 * Most points scored in a game: 72, New South Wales 56–16 Queensland (Game III, 2000)
 * Most points scored by a team: 56, New South Wales 56–16 Queensland (Game III, 2000)

Individual

 * Oldest player: 36 years 74 days, Petero Civoniceva (2012) (Queensland)
 * Youngest player: 18 years and 83 days, Ben Ikin (1995) (Queensland)

Playing

 * Most games: 42 Cameron Smith (2003–2017) (Queensland)
 * Most consecutive games: 36 Johnathan Thurston (2005–2017) (Queensland)
 * Most games as captain: 30 Wally Lewis (1981–1991) (Queensland)
 * Most games won: 24 Cameron Smith (2003–2017) (Queensland)
 * Most series won: 11 Cameron Smith (2006–2013, 2015–2017) (Queensland) & Johnathan Thurston (2006–2013, 2015–2017) (Queensland)
 * Most Man of the Match Awards won: 8 Wally Lewis (1982–1991) (Queensland)
 * Most points: 224 Johnathan Thurston (2005–2017) (Queensland)
 * Most tries: 18 Greg Inglis (2006–2018) (Queensland)
 * Most goals: 101 Johnathan Thurston (2005–2017) (Queensland)
 * Most field goals: 4 Andrew Johns (1995–2005) (New South Wales)
 * Most points in one game: 32 Ryan Girdler (Game III, 2000) (New South Wales)
 * Most points in one series: 52 Ryan Girdler (2000) (New South Wales)
 * Most tries in one game: 3 (Chris Anderson, Kerry Boustead, Ryan Girdler, Lote Tuqiri, Matt Sing, Matt King, Dane Gagai, Valentine Holmes, Tom Trbojevic, Hamiso Tabuai-Fidow)
 * Most tries in one series: 5 Ryan Girdler (2000) (New South Wales), Lote Tuqiri (2002) (Queensland)
 * Most goals in one game: 10 Ryan Girdler (Game III, 2000) (New South Wales)
 * Most goals in one series: 16 Ryan Girdler (2000) (New South Wales)
 * Most field goals in one game: 2 Ben Elias (Game III, 1994) (New South Wales)
 * Most field goals in one series: 2 Ben Elias (1994) (New South Wales), Andrew Johns (2003) (New South Wales)

 * 1.Smith, and Thurston competed in at least one game associated with each series wins.

Coaching

 * Most games: 30 Mal Meninga (2006–2015) (Queensland)
 * Most games won: 19 Mal Meninga (2006–2015) (Queensland)
 * Most series won: 9 Mal Meninga (2006–2015) (Queensland)

Other Records
Players still currently active are listed in bold.

Source

Asterisk (*) indicates series with limited attendance due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Under 19s
The Under 19s State of Origin has only had one season so far (2022 to present)

Under 20s
The Under 20s State of Origin has only had eight seasons so far (2012 to 2019) with only one game a year, instead of three. New South Wales has won seven of the eight, with Queensland winning their first in 2018. They play for the Darren Lockyer Shield. It became Under 19 Origin in 2022, after the 2020 and 2021 editions were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Women's State of Origin
The Women's State of Origin is the Women's rugby league version of the game and has been running since 1999. The players play for the Nellie Doherty Cup. The current record for number of series won in the competition is held by Queensland, which won every series from 1999 to 2014 (a longer straight record than their male counterparts).

Asterisk (*) indicates series was decided by points aggregate.

All-Team Records
Queensland: 2026 Points
 * Points

New South Wales: 2028 Points

Women's Under 19s State of Origin
The Under 19s Women's State of Origin in the Women's rugby league is a new version of the game and has been running since 2021.

In popular culture
In an episode of the third season of the ABC Kids animated series Bluey titled "The Decider", Bluey, her family, and her neighbours Pat, Janelle, Lucky, and Chucky watch a third State of Origin match where Queensland win the series.

History

 * 1) "State of Origin 30 Years: 1980 – 2009" by Liam Hauser, Rockpool Publishing, ISBN 9781921295386
 * 2) "NSW v Queensland: 1908 – 1980" by Sean Fagan, RL1908, Retrieved 15 November 2005
 * 3) "The First State of Origin" by Sean Fagan, RL1908, Retrieved 15 November 2005
 * 4) "State of Origin History 1981–2004" by Sean Fagan, RL1908, Retrieved 15 November 2005
 * 5) "The Origin of State of Origin" by Sean Fagan, RL1908, Retrieved 15 November 2005
 * 6)  "Overseas Players and State of Origin" by Jeff Wall, Crikey 12 April 2005, Retrieved 18 November 2005
 * 7)  "The Origins of State of Origin" by Jeff Wall, Crikey 23 May 2005, Retrieved 15 November 2005
 * 8)  "We Still Want Hunt" National Rugby League, 21 March 2005, Retrieved 18 November 2005
 * 9)  "How it all began" stateoforigin.com.au, no date, retrieved 8 May 2007
 * 1)  "Overseas Players and State of Origin" by Jeff Wall, Crikey 12 April 2005, Retrieved 18 November 2005
 * 2)  "The Origins of State of Origin" by Jeff Wall, Crikey 23 May 2005, Retrieved 15 November 2005
 * 3)  "We Still Want Hunt" National Rugby League, 21 March 2005, Retrieved 18 November 2005
 * 4)  "How it all began" stateoforigin.com.au, no date, retrieved 8 May 2007

General records and statistics

 * 1) "State of Origin 30 Years: 1980 – 2009" by Liam Hauser, Rockpool Publishing, ISBN 9781921295386
 * 2) Fagan, Sean (2005) "State of Origin Results 1980–2005" RL1908, Retrieved 15 November 2005
 * 3) "History: State of Origin Results 1980–2003" by the Australian Rugby League, Retrieved 15 November 2005
 * 4) "History" by The Roar, Retrieved 8 July 2016
 * 5) "State of Origin Records" by the Queensland Rugby League, Retrieved 15 November 2005
 * 6) "State of Origin Statistics" by World of Rugby League, Retrieved 15 November 2005
 * 7) Official State of Origin website http://www.stateoforigin.com.au, Retrieved 15 November 2006

Sources disputing the 1987 Los Angeles match

 * 1) Colman, Mike (26 November 2005) "Assigning History by asterisks" The Courier-Mail (page 61)
 * 2) Dick, Barry (16 July 2003) "Origin Battle Rages On and Off the Field" The Courier-Mail (page 1)

Player lists

 * 1) State of Origin website

title: State of Origin series


text:
UKTV Gardens

UKTV Gardens was a digital television channel broadcasting in the United Kingdom, part of the UKTV family of channels. As its name suggests, the channel focused entirely on gardening shows. When it originally launched, the channel was known as UKTV Style Gardens on 23 February 2005 and all the gardening content from UKTV Style was moved to the new channel. In early 2007 it adopted the more independent name UKTV Gardens.

It was available on Sky Digital and Virgin Media.

2009 closure and replacement
As part of the UKTV rebrand, UKTV Style along with UKTV Gardens and UKTV Food were the third phase of the rebrand, with UKTV Style rebranded as Home on 30 April 2009 and UKTV Food as Good Food on 22 June 2009., and UKTV Gardens was closed down and was replaced with Really on 19 May 2009 with all the gardening programmes that were on this channel transferring to Home. Before UKTV Gardens closed, it ran all 13 episodes of The Victorian Kitchen Garden, a fitting tribute to gardening.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

title: UKTV Gardens


text:
Kensuke Sasaki

Kensuke Sasaki (佐々木 健介) is a Japanese retired professional wrestler, mixed martial artist, and founder of the now-defunct wrestling promotion Diamond Ring.

Sasaki is the first of five men ever to hold all three of puroresu's major heavyweight titles (the IWGP Heavyweight Championship, the Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship, and the GHC Heavyweight Championship), the others being Yoshihiro Takayama, Keiji Muto, Satoshi Kojima, and Yuji Nagata - totalling seven world championship reigns. Sasaki also competed in MMA and won both fights by submission, remaining undefeated in mixed martial arts competition.

Early years (1986–1989)
Sasaki debuted in Riki Choshu's Japan Pro-Wrestling, a satellite of All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW), in February 1986. On February 16, 1986, he made his debut against Shinji Sasazaki in a losing effort. Shortly afterwards, Sasaki became a regular in AJPW for over a year.

He defected to rival promotion New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), following Choshu, who returned to NJPW in 1987. During his time with NJPW, Sasaki teamed up with the likes of Osamu Matsuda and Kenichi Oya.

International excursion (1989–1990)
In January 1989, Sasaki embarked on an excursion to North America. He first started wrestling there in Puerto Rico in World Wrestling Council (WWC), where he held his very first championship, the WWC Caribbean Tag Team Championship, with Mr. Pogo twice between January 14, 1989, and April 1, 1989.

He also wrestled for Stu Hart's Stampede Wrestling promotion in Canada, where he wrestled under the name Benkei Sasaki and was trained by Hart in the Hart Dungeon. During his time in Canada, he won the Stampede International Tag Team Championship in August 1989, with All Japan loyalist Sumo Hara.

He also wrestled for Otto Wanz's Catch Wrestling Association (CWA) in tours of Austria and Germany under the name Kendo Sasaki.

In December 1989, Stampede Wrestling closed its doors, and Sasaki wrestled for the Canadian National Wrestling Alliance (CNWA), until March 1990 when he was fired by Ed Whalen for kicking Mike Lozanski too stiff.

Teaming with Hiroshi Hase (1990–1992)
Sasaki returned to NJPW in March 1990, and formed a popular tag team with Hiroshi Hase, with whom he would have a long on-off tag team partnership. They quickly won the IWGP Tag Team Championships on November 11, 1990, defeating the team of Keiji Muto and Masahiro Chono. Holding the titles for only a month facing teams like Super Strong Machine and Tatsutoshi Goto, The  Dragon Bombers (Shiro Koshinaka and Takayuki Iizuka) before eventually falling to Hiro Saito and Super Strong Machine on December 26 that same year. He would only win one more title with Hiroshi Hase a few months later; however, that was very brief, lasting only 15 days. The pair would have two reigns as IWGP Tag Team Champions, and had memorable matches with The Steiner Brothers.

Hell Raisers (1992–1996)
Two more tag title reigns followed when in late 1992, Sasaki assumed the name "Power Warrior" and teamed with Road Warrior Hawk. As The Hell Raisers, they dominated the tag team scene in New Japan. In October 1992, he also started wrestling periodically for World Championship Wrestling (WCW), and would wrestle there on and off until December 1996.

Sasaki dropped the Power Warrior persona in 1995 (as he only revives the persona on special occasions, such as teaming with Hawk and Animal in six-man tag team matches) and began climbing the ranks in singles competition. He won his first major title, the WCW United States Heavyweight Championship on November 13, 1995, defeating Sting at a NJPW Event. This was the title's first title change outside of the United States. He soon lost the title to dubious circumstances however, losing to One Man Gang which was later claimed to be an official title match.

IWGP Heavyweight Champion (1997–2002)
August 1997 skyrocketed Sasaki's rise to superstardom. On August 3, he won the G1 Climax tournament by defeating Hiroyoshi Tenzan in the final. A week later, he captured the IWGP Tag Team Championship with Kazuo Yamazaki. Finally at the end of the month, he captured the IWGP Heavyweight Championship by defeating long reigning champion Shinya Hashimoto, winning three major honors in a one-month span. Sasaki solidified his dominance in the heavyweight division by defeating both Masahiro Chono and Keiji Mutoh in his first two title defenses, thus defeating The Three Musketeers in three straight title matches. In April 1998, he lost the title to Tatsumi Fujinami. In March 1999, he won another IWGP Tag Team Championship with Shiro Koshinaka.

Sasaki won his second IWGP Heavyweight Championship from Genichiro Tenryu while wrestling with a 39 °C (102.2 °F) fever. He won the G1 Climax for the second time in August 2000 with a victory over last year's winner Manabu Nakanishi in the final, now holding both of New Japan's two heavyweight singles crowns. On October 9, 2000, Sasaki surrendered the IWGP title after he lost to Toshiaki Kawada in a non-title match at an All Japan vs. New Japan event called Do Judge. In a tournament final, Sasaki regained the title, defeating Kawada, at the January 4, 2001, Tokyo Dome show. In March 2001, Sasaki lost the IWGP Heavyweight Title to Scott Norton and in late 2002 he resigned from the promotion after a falling out with company management.

Fighting of World Japan Pro Wrestling (2003–2004)
In the beginning of 2003, Sasaki joined his mentor, Riki Choshu, in his new Fighting of World Japan Pro Wrestling (World Japan) promotion. He became the only WMG Heavyweight Champion; however, tensions between him and Choshu over financial issues caused Sasaki to withdraw and the company to die a slow death.

New Japan Pro-Wrestling (2004–2005)
After leaving World Japan, Sasaki initially returned to NJPW in 2004 as a heel freelancer, with the New Japan roster, specifically Yuji Nagata unwelcoming of his return in kayfabe. In his return match, Sasaki lost to Nagata at Wrestling World 2004 by referee's decision in an extremely bloody contest. He later aligned himself with Manabu Nakanishi, who had recently begun his "lone wolf" character. The two formed a tag team known as Pirates Gundan (Pirates Army), and regularly teamed with the likes of Scott Norton and Genichiro Tenryu. On March 12, he won back the IWGP Heavyweight Championship, defeating Hiroyoshi Tenzan in Tokyo. Sasaki dropped the title to Bob Sapp a little over two weeks later. After introducing his student Katsuhiko Nakajima and forming the Kensuke Family group, Sasaki began a redemption storyline where he attempted to win back the support of both the wrestlers and fans in NJPW. In August, he entered his first G1 Climax since 2002, but was prevented from reaching the finals by losing to Tenryu on the final day. By October, Sasaki was once again a firm fan favourite, and regained the IWGP Heavyweight Championship in controversial fashion, beating Kazuyuki Fujita in just 2:29 after reversing a sleeper into a pinfall. This win was legitimately protested by Sasaki and his wife Akira Hokuto, who destroyed the trophy given to Sasaki backstage and criticised Fujita for purposely dropping the championship so he could focus on MMA. Nevertheless, Kensuke successfully defended the belt twice against Hiroshi Tanahashi and Minoru Suzuki, before dropping it to Tenzan in December. After dropping the IWGP Title again, ally turned enemy Riki Choshu returned to NJPW in a backstage role which led to Sasaki's appearances became more sporadic, and he stopped wrestling for NJPW once again in early 2005.

All Japan Pro Wrestling (2005–2008)
After returning to NJPW, Sasaki once again started wrestling for AJPW too as a freelancer, entering the 2004 Champion Carnival and making it to the final where he lost to Keiji Mutoh. After making occasional appearances throughout 2004, Sasaki went over to AJPW full-time in early 2005. On January 16, he unsuccessfully challenged Toshiaki Kawada for the Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship, but saw success throughout the year, first winning the Champion Carnival by beating Jamal in the final. On July 26, Sasaki and his student Katsuhiko Nakajima then beat the Voodoo Murders ("brother" Yasshi and Shuji Kondo) to win the All Asia Tag Team Championship. Kensuke (as his old "Power Warrior" character) and Road Warrior Animal teamed up on September 1 at the Differ Ariake to defeat Yasshi and Kondo. On November 19, Sasaki got another shot at the Triple Crown, this time losing to Satoshi Kojima. In July 2006, Sasaki suffered an injury and required time off, meaning he and Nakajima had to vacate the All Asia Tag Titles.

After five months away from the ring, Sasaki returned to All Japan in January 2007. In May, Sasaki and Nakajima teamed up with rookie Seiya Sanada to win the Samurai! TV Triple Arrow Six Man Tag Team Cup, beating the Voodoo Murders (Kondo, Yasshi and Taru) in the final. On August 26, 2007, Sasaki defeated Minoru Suzuki to become the Triple Crown Heavyweight Champion. Sasaki made his first defense against Toshiaki Kawada on October 18, 2007, and would go on to team with Kawada after Katsuhiko Nakajima suffered an injury on October 18 in the 2007 World's Strongest Tag Determination League. Sasaki and Kawada would lose a Finals Decision match against Satoshi Kojima and Suwama on December 9; both teams were tied, and opponents were needed for Keiji Muto and Joe Doering in the final of the League.

Sasaki successfully defended the Triple Crown Championship against Satoshi Kojima (on March 1, 2008). Sasaki participated in the 2008 Champion Carnival over five straight shows in the Korakuen Hall from April 5 to April 9, scoring 4 points after 1 win (over Joe Doering), 1 loss (to Minoru Suzuki) and 2 draws (with Suwama and Osamu Nishimura). Sasaki lost the Triple Crown Championship to Carnival Winner Suwama on April 29, 2008, and left the promotion in June.

Pro Wrestling Noah (2008–2013)
Sasaki debuted for Pro Wrestling Noah in 2005, losing to Kenta Kobashi at Destiny 2005. After losing the Triple Crown titles in 2008, he jumped to Pro Wrestling Noah and announced he would make it his full-time home promotion, while still operating the Kensuke Office. On September 6, 2008, he defeated Takeshi Morishima for the GHC Heavyweight Title, becoming the first person to hold the Heavyweight title in all three major Japanese promotions. On March 1, 2009, he lost the GHC Heavyweight title to Jun Akiyama. On September 21, 2009, he teamed with Morishima to win the GHC Tag Team titles from Akitoshi Saito and Bison Smith. They lost the titles on December 6, 2009, to Takeshi Rikio and Muhammad Yone.

Sasaki teamed up with regular tag partner Takeshi Morishima to participate in the Global Tag League of 2010, which ran from January 9 to January 24. Sasaki and Morishima finished the league with a total of four points, losing out to A-Block winners Yoshihiro Takayama and Takuma Sano. Sasaki also participated in Pro-Wrestling NOAH's Global League of 2010 from March 28 to May 2. During the league, he defeated Jun Akiyama in a highly acclaimed contest. Sasaki finished with a total of seven points, losing out to eventual winner Yoshihiro Takayama.

Diamond Ring (2005–2014)
In 2005, Sasaki established his own agency, Kensuke Office. The agency is run by Sasaki's wife (former joshi wrestler), Akira Hokuto. Under the Kensuke Office agency, Sasaki and pupil Katsuhiko Nakajima toured other promotions, particularly All Japan Pro Wrestling and Pro Wrestling Noah (PWN).

In September 2006, Kensuke Office was announced as a member of the Global Professional Wrestling Alliance (GPWA). Beginning in 2007, Kensuke Office has organised its own shows, and some of the talent featured on the shows include Minoru Suzuki, Jun Akiyama, Genichiro Tenryu, Yoshihiro Takayama, Kikutaro, Takeshi Morishima, KENTA and Catfish Man. In January 2012, Kensuke Office was renamed Diamond Ring. Currently, Diamond Ring serves as developmental territory of Pro Wrestling NOAH, featuring several of its superstars.

On February 11, 2014, Sasaki suffered his first loss to Katsuhiko Nakajima in the main event of a Diamond Ring event. Two days later, Sasaki held a press conference to announce his retirement from professional wrestling. Following Sasaki's retirement, Diamond Ring was left with only one remaining wrestler, Katsuhiko Nakajima, with Satoshi Kajiwara resigning and Mitsuhiro Kitamiya joining Pro Wrestling Noah.

Mixed martial arts career
Between 2001 and 2003, Sasaki took a couple hiatuses from pro-wrestling and focused on mixed martial arts. He has two fights under his belt, winning both by submission in the first round beating Dan Chase in 2001 and future UFC fighter Christian Wellisch in 2003. In November 2002, he was originally scheduled to fight Minoru Suzuki, but due to injury, he pulled out and was replaced by Jushin Thunder Liger.

During this period, he would alter his look, cutting his signature mullet (he would occasionally dye his hair different colors), wearing ring gear bearing the word, "Volcano", and adapting moves he learned in MMA training to expand his pro wrestling moveset.

In March 2004, Sasaki defeated Francisco Filho in a sumo-style match for K-1.

Personal life
Kensuke Sasaki married Akira Hokuto on October 1, 1995, after proposing to her on their first date. Together, they have two sons: Kennosuke (born November 1998) and Seinnosuke (born March 2003). Kennosuke married professional wrestler Rin Kadokura in 2022.

Also, Kensuke has a strong bond with his protégé Katsuhiko Nakajima, whom he considers to be a member of the family.

Championships and accomplishments

 * All Japan Pro Wrestling
 * All Asia Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Katsuhiko Nakajima
 * Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * Champion Carnival (2005)
 * January 2 Korakuen Hall Heavyweight Battle Royal (2007)
 * SAMURAI! TV Cup Triple Arrow Tournament (2007) – with Katsuhiko Nakajima and Seiya Sanada
 * BAPE STA!! PRO-WRESTLING a-k-a Tournament (2004)
 * Dramatic Dream Team
 * KO-D 6-Man Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Danshoku Dino and Makoto Oishi
 * Fighting of World Japan Pro Wrestling
 * World Magma the Greatest Championship (1 time)
 * WJ Strongest Tournament (2003)
 * Hawai'i Championship Wrestling
 * HCW Kamehameha Heritage World Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * HCW Kekaulike Heritage Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Kenjiro Katahira
 * Michinoku Pro Wrestling
 * Tohoku Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Katsuhiko Nakajima
 * New Japan Pro-Wrestling
 * IWGP Heavyweight Championship (5 times)
 * IWGP Tag Team Championship (7 times) – with Hiroshi Hase (2), Hawk Warrior (2), Riki Choshu (1), Kazuo Yamazaki (1) and Shiro Koshinaka (1)
 * G1 Climax (1997, 2000)
 * G1 Climax Special Tag Team Tournament (1997) – with Kazuo Yamazaki
 * Japan/United States All Star Tournament (1996)
 * WCW World Tag Team Title Contenders League (1998) – with Yuji Nagata
 * IWGP Heavyweight Championship #1 Contenders Tournament (1999)
 * IWGP Heavyweight Championship Tournament (2001)
 * MVP Award (2000)
 * Singles Best Bout (2000) vs. Toshiaki Kawada on October 9
 * SKY PerfecTV! Cup (2001)
 * Nikkan Sports
 * Match of the Year (2000) vs. Toshiaki Kawada on October 9
 * Match of the Year (2005) vs. Kenta Kobashi on July 18
 * Outstanding Performance Award (1997, 2004, 2008)
 * Fighting Spirit Award (2004)
 * Pro Wrestling Illustrated
 * Ranked No. 10 of the top 500 singles wrestlers in the PWI 500 in 2000
 * Ranked No. 103 of the top 500 singles wrestlers of the "PWI Years" in 2003
 * Ranked No. 27 of the top 100 tag teams during the "PWI Years" with Hiroshi Hase in 2003
 * Pro Wrestling Noah
 * GHC Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * GHC Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Takeshi Morishima
 * One Night Six Man Tag Tournament (2012) – with Kento Miyahara and Takeshi Morishima
 * Global Tag League Outstanding Performance Award (2013) – with Katsuhiko Nakajima
 * Stampede Wrestling
 * Stampede Wrestling International Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Sumo Hara
 * Tokyo Sports
 * Lifetime Achievement Award (2014)
 * Match of the Year (2000) vs. Toshiaki Kawada on October 9
 * Match of the Year (2005) vs. Kenta Kobashi on July 18
 * Outstanding Performance Award (2008)
 * Wrestler of the Year (2004)
 * Toryumon Mexico
 * UWA World Tag Team Championship (1 time) – with Animal Warrior
 * Suzuki Cup (2007) – with Marco Corleone and Ultimo Dragon
 * World Championship Wrestling
 * WCW United States Heavyweight Championship (1 time)
 * World Wrestling Council
 * WWC Caribbean Tag Team Championship (2 times) – with Mr. Pogo
 * Wrestling Observer Newsletter
 * Match of the Year (1991) with Hiroshi Hase vs. Rick Steiner and Scott Steiner at the WCW/New Japan Supershow
 * Wrestling Observer Newsletter Hall of Fame (Class of 2013)

title: Kensuke Sasaki


text: Category:Bridges in Wales

title: Category:Bridges in Wales


text:
Courier Mail

Courier Mail may refer to:
 * The Courier-Mail, an Australian newspaper
 * Courier Mail Server, a mail-server software suite
 * Courier (email client), email client software
 * Courier, an accelerated mail delivery service for which the customer pays a surcharge and receives faster delivery

title: Courier Mail


text:
Talk:Ingjald

Untitled
"Ingjaldr inn illráði or Ingjald illråde ("ill-ruler")" is the header. However, my interpretation is that illråde means "ill advised".

Can anyone check this out?

 * Ráða could mean both "advise", "decide" and to "rule". The last meaning fits him best.--Wiglaf 21:05, 30 May 2005 (UTC)

 * The first thing that came to mind when I saw this was King Ethelred II of England, who was called "the Unready" ("unræd"). Could Ingjald's title mean "without council," too? --Jävligsvengelska 2 July 2005 22:00 (UTC)

 * "Unready" is not a good translation of unræd, and not even "without council". The meaning of the English word has changed too much. In fact, unræd corresponds perfectly to Swedish orådig, i.e. "indecisive". Concerning Illráði, ill means rather "bad" or "wicked".--Wiglaf 2 July 2005 22:09 (UTC)

 * Ah, thanks for clearing that up. I'd been wondering about that ill/dålig distinction. --Jävligsvengelska 2 July 2005 22:22 (UTC)

Unified Sweden?
The article currently has a sentence which says: "Ingjald has often been seen as the one who unified Sweden." This seems rather strange unless Sweden has a non-standard meaning here. Angus McLellan (Talk) 19:27, 28 August 2007 (UTC)

 * The article is dependent on a book by Birger Nerman from 1925. Chapter IX, 7th and 8th century, 50 pages with illusions of historical grandeur. I cannot bear to read the elaborate constructions. Also a century ago this went against historical scholarship. However, there still are some people who propagate this stuff via wikipedia. And as it is much harder here to delete nonsense than to write, there is a continuous accretion of imaginary history here. Nationalencyklopedin says that his historical existence is very doubtfull. Snorri tells us that he burnt the other petty kings to death at the funeral of his father, and that he became the ruler over Mälardalen. /Pieter Kuiper 20:52, 28 August 2007 (UTC)

 * I don't think that was what Angus asked about. The reason Ingjald is seen to have unified Sweden through his murderous acts is probably that he brought the small kingdoms together in their loss of their leaders. After that they all thought it was a good idea to cooperate under one king, but obviousley not that one. So they accepted Ivar Vidfamne from Skane instead, as he too was an heir of the old royal dynasty. /Leos Friend 22:12, 28 August 2007 (UTC)

 * Here is a funny image, from a monument at Vendel erected in 1937: Vendeltid - Statsbyggartid - Mannatid - "Vendel Age - Age of Nation Builders - Age of Men". /Pieter Kuiper 18:46, 29 August 2007 (UTC)

Dates for legendary kings
Berig's reaction to my edits is becoming more and more predictable. I had deleted "ca 640 - ca 650" as the dates given for Ingjald's rule. This had been tagged since August as needing a reference. Berig just puts these totally speculative dates back in, without providing a source. /Pieter Kuiper 19:28, 30 November 2007 (UTC)

 * You have access to literature that contains such dates. Why don't you provide a reference yourself?--Berig 19:30, 30 November 2007 (UTC)

 * Putting dates on these characters is like putting dates on Abraham, Noah and Adam. Of course one could find a source, maybe a contemporary of Bishop Ussher. /Pieter Kuiper 19:49, 30 November 2007 (UTC)

 * One can easily find dates for the reign of Conn of the Hundred Battles. The Baile Chuinn Cétchathaigh was written five hundred-odd years after Conn's supposed floruit. That makes it more nearly contemporaneous than the Ynglingsaga is for Ingjald, and about as contemporanerous as the Historia Norwegie or the Ágrip. The only Ingjald we can write anything about is a legendary figure who appears in various works. There's no historical Ingjald, the sort of person who can have dates attached to them, that we can prise out of the stories, so we read in Jones's OUP History of the Vikings. He is completely dismissive of Ingjald and Ivar, p. 52: "...dazzle with fantasies...authors have bestowed these conquerors laurels on Ivar in precisely the same way as Geoffrey on Monmouth ascribed to our British Arthur...". And again, Arthur is as nearly Geoffrey's contemporary as Ingjald is Snorri's. Or rather, they would be, if they weren't legendary personages, whose existence is timeless. Angus McLellan  (Talk) 20:14, 30 November 2007 (UTC)
 * I disagree with your claim that legendary personages are timeless. You appear to consider legendary to be a synonym of mythological or mythical, which it is not. Events like the death of Balder or Thor's fishing trip are mythological and consequently "timeless" and I have never seen any scholar dating these events. For legendary characters it is quite different. You can see sources like the Norton Anthology of English Literature dating the feats of Beowulf to the 6th century, because he is set together with Hygelac, who is datable. King Arthur is also dated by scholars, as if he were historical, since he is set in a context which can be dated to the 5th and the 6th centuries. If scholars have given dates to these personages, there is no reason for Wikipedia to make the claim that they are "timeless", as if there were no temporal context for them. Moreover, the article already states that he was legendary, so I don't see any risks for readers to believe that he his considered to be a historically attested king of the 7th century.--Berig 22:31, 1 December 2007 (UTC)

 * Yes, but which scholars? Not Gwyn Jones I think, nor Eric Christensen ("such tales of mythical fire-eaters as the Ingjald of Ynglinga saga"), and we had the Sawyer's opinion of sagas as a source of narrative already. The National Encyclopedia snippet says "kung av Ynglingaätten, vars historiska existens är ytterst osäker". I presume that means "a king in the Ynglingsaga [whose?] historical existence is utterly uncertain". Could you provide an example of recent-ish writing that accepts Ingjald as a historical king? We're doomed to go round in circles otherwise. Angus McLellan (Talk) 01:10, 2 December 2007 (UTC)
 * I have never written that he is accepted as a historical king by any recent historians, but that is besides the point. He is a legendary king who has his position in a line of kings from several Old Norse sources. If he has received a dating relative to those kings, it is relevant and should be mentioned, so that readers can position him more easily. Moreover, this is not a history article, but an article on legendary personages, so why are you insisting on the lack of historicity aspect? Isn't that flogging a dead horse?--Berig 07:50, 2 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Why is Berig insisting on putting unencyclopedic dates on these dead horses? /Pieter Kuiper 21:20, 2 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Because, giving dates to legendary kings is perfectly encyclopedic and scholarly, Pieter Kuiper. The encyclopedia Nationalencyklopedin gives the estimated times of life for quite a few legendary kings starting with Egil who it declares ruled in the 6th century.--Berig 12:59, 4 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Some kind of dating of the supposed time in which the person of the article lived, can't be wrong. Is Ingjald depicted in the sagas as living in the 1st century, or the 7th? If not stated, some readers will not have a clue. It would be as saying that we cant' set a time-frame for Robin Hood, or Ivanhoe, because we don't know if they existed. So, perhaps Robin Hood lived during the stone age? /Leos Friend 19:42, 3 December 2007 (UTC)

 * The Robin Hood of legend lives in the time of Richard I of England. We know this because the story, or at least the one everyone recognises, tells us so. That's a synchronism. Ingjald, however, is not depicted in any time. You could count generations, an average of about three-ish per century, and count back from someone whose floruit is known to a supposed contemporary of Ingjald. Or forward. Without a synchronism, what else is there? But Ingjald's world, where a Dog king ruled "Denmark" or "Norway" or both, is not our world. We can surmise that some king named or bynamed "Hound" is at the origin of those stories, and that Ingjald was probably some petty chieftain who got a name for being murderous and oppressive, but like the dates, those surmises need to be sourced. That means having sources for them and not doing the generational arithmetic on our fingers and stuffing in the answer we get, or providing our own gloss on the sagas.
 * So, does anyone have a reference that gives a floruit for Ingjald? If not, we shouldn't add one. If there is, we should. This is at the core of what we do:"'Wikipedia is an encyclopedia...[a]ll articles must follow our no original research policy and editors must strive for accuracy... . Wikipedia has a neutral point of view...[which] means citing verifiable, authoritative sources whenever possible...'."So says Five pillars. Attaching a date to a legendary figure goes beyond the acceptable obvious interpretation of a primary source like a saga. Angus McLellan (Talk) 00:57, 4 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Angus, you appear to have missed that Svenskt biografiskt lexikon gives a date for the floruit of Ingjald, something that I added to this article with an inline reference before you wrote this comment. Attaching dates to legendary kings is both scholarly and encyclopedic something that is exemplified by the fact that Svenskt biografiskt lexikon always does so, and Nationalencyklopedin usually does so as well.--Berig 12:59, 4 December 2007 (UTC)

 * And now I am happy. Thanks for the link. Only 1000 SEK (=100 EUR) for the whole thing on CD? That's pretty reasonable. Is there a Norwegian or Danish equivalent? Angus McLellan (Talk) 13:21, 4 December 2007 (UTC)
 * Yes, but the CD doesn't contain the last tome (32). You can find a Norwegian counterpart here. The Danish one hasn't been published since 1984, but you can consult a version from 1887-1905 here.--Berig 14:09, 4 December 2007 (UTC)

A possible date-setter
I think the son of Ingjald, Olof Trätälja, could serve as a date-setter for Ingjald and the nearest kings in the Ynglinga-line, and also for Ivar Vidfamne. Snorre places Olof in Värmland at the time when the landscape around the Klarälv river was first cleared. It is possible to date such events quite precise with carbon-dating, as the settlers used to burn the woods first, and then start to grow crops. There would be coal in the ground, showing when the clearings were made.

They have done this with a burnt hill-fort, and reached the period around 500-600. I can't see why they don't do it with the surrounding farming-fields too, when that would give a direct connection to the Ynglinga-saga. If the dates correspond to the approximate generation of Olof Trätälja in Ynglingasagan, Snorre would be vindicated. He couldn't have guessed that, or made it up. It would have to be based on facts. And, as I see it, provide a time-frame in which Snorre places the saga. /Leos Friend (talk) 16:09, 8 December 2007 (UTC)

Funny image text!

 * Ingjald centralizing Sweden

Hillarious!!  Said: Rursus   ☻   12:01, 20 March 2008 (UTC)

External links modified
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title: Talk:Ingjald


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Talk:Tow truck

Opening heading
Can anybody include a free image ?.

Correction
In the edit history, the IP address I put as a possible spammer was an incorrect address. - Richardevan 19:54, 15 May 2006

Using a cookie jar sales page for a citation
I think that using a cookie jar sales page as a citation for whether a truck was involved with a movie (Thelma and Louise, in this case) is dubious to begin with, especially when the page doesn't show the actual truck pictured here on Wikipedia's Tow Truck page. I'm removing the citation and editing the photo caption. --Badger151 (talk) 17:40, 23 January 2010 (UTC)

Requested move

 * The following discussion is an archived discussion of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

No consensus to move. Vegaswikian (talk) 21:49, 17 December 2010 (UTC)

Tow truck → Breakdown truck — I think a tow truck is type of breakdown truck and a wrecker is a breakdown truck that carries vehicles on-board. Split off the two if necessary. Marcus Qwertyus   20:35, 10 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Oppose. I suggest you're getting overly technical.  The most common name for any type of truck designed to transport a broken down car is a "tow truck".  I think the article already adequately explains the differences and how they're called when distinctions are required.  But the best name for the overall/general topic of this article is "tow truck".  --Born2cycle (talk) 00:58, 11 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Oppose I don't think I've seen a "breakdown truck" used in common usage for this use. I've seen highway patrol trucks called that, and they are definitely not wreckers/towtrucks. They are trucks with orange lights that look for problems on highways, with a directional arrow sign, but have no towing capability. 184.144.167.193 (talk) 05:19, 11 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Oppose (At least for American usage. British usage may differ.)  I've seen "wrecker" used as the nominator specifies, but "tow truck" seems to be the general term.  — Arthur Rubin  (talk) 09:06, 11 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Oppose as proposed "I think" is weak evidence. We need verifiable proof that "breakdown truck" is ewven the same thing as a "tow truck" or "wreaker" in common usage, much less actual definition, on either side of the Atlantic. - BilCat (talk) 09:17, 11 December 2010 (UTC)
 * Oppose. English is funny at times, but my local tow truck companies go by names such as ABAL Towing despite operating only tilt tray trucks, which don't actually tow! But they're still called tow trucks, and my last bill read towing. Andrewa (talk) 10:42, 11 December 2010 (UTC)
 * The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

What are the "feet" / "stabilizers" are called?
Some tow trucks with a crane have "feet" to stabilize the truck when lifting heavy things. Now my son wanted to know what those are called. I have no clue... -- Bernburgerin (talk) 21:24, 7 November 2011 (UTC)

 * Maybe ask at the reference desk? Personally, I know almost nothing about this subject; I only watch this article for vandalism. Graham 87 06:39, 8 November 2011 (UTC)

 * Because this information (what are the parts of a tow truck and how are they used) probably belongs in this article, and just in case you haven't gotten an answer yet... The "feet"/"stabilizers" are usually called "cleats" and "outriggers" (at least in the USA). The cleats dig in and grab the ground to keep the vehicle from moving. The outriggers are typically large, counter-weighted, extendable beams that keep the tow vehicle from tipping over. -Vandraedha (talk) 21:46, 29 December 2014 (UTC)

Cleanup tag
I'm not from the UK, so please be kind if I don't use spelling, grammar, or terms that are popular on that side of the pond. The intro is a bit messy, and duplicated a lot of information from the towing article. I rewrote the intro to include both disabled and non-disabled vehicles, and replaced the duplicate info with a link to the towing article. The rest of the article could also use a bit of pruning to separate the vehicle from the activity. I really don't have the time to do it myself right now, so I added the cleanup tag. If someone else wants to move the non-vehicle related information to the towing article, that would be great! -Vandraedha (talk) 21:35, 29 December 2014 (UTC)

Are there towing vehicles which have a hook (like a crane hook), or is this a media invention?
Hello,

I notice that this article doesn't mention anything about towing vehicles with a hook (like a crane hook). Is such a towing vehicle an invention of the media? If so, perhaps it would be good to have a section about this in the article. If they do exist, maybe they should be mentioned. Regards, DesertPipeline (talk) 07:52, 13 August 2021 (UTC)

Addendum: By this I mean a hook which is attached directly to the front or rear of the vehicle, underneath the bumper. DesertPipeline (talk) 08:44, 13 August 2021 (UTC)

Vehicle that is used to tow broken down cars
Pliz show photos 197.239.35.185 (talk) 15:49, 6 December 2021 (UTC)

title: Talk:Tow truck


text:
Focke-Wulf Ta 153

The Focke-Wulf Ta 153 (GH+KV) was a prototype German fighter aircraft built during World War II. It was a development of the Fw 190C, a Fw 190A with a DB 603A engine.

A project called Ra-4 was initiated in 1943. The idea was to create a new fighter derived from the Fw 190 for higher altitudes. In that sense it was a competitor for the Messerschmitt Me 155B project. The Ta 153A-1 would get the Jumo 213A or C engine and the new wings of the Fw 190B prototype. There was also the Ta 153D-1, a high-altitude version with long-span, high-aspect ratio wings and the DB 603G engine.

Although derived from the Fw 190, the Ta 153 was essentially a new aircraft. This would have required a complete conversion of the production lines with new jigs and tooling. For that reason Kurt Tank decided to modify the existing Fw 190A by adding a rear fuselage 'plug', thereby creating the Fw 190D. Later this fuselage was mated with the long wings of the Ta 153D-1 for the successful Ta 152H.

title: Focke-Wulf Ta 153


text:
Centurion Bank

Centurion Bank is a wholly submerged atoll structure in the Southwest of the Chagos Archipelago. It is about almost 10 km long northwest–southeast, and more than 3 km. The reef area is about 25 km2. The closest land is the Egmont Atoll located 122 km to the NNE. The Centurion Bank is the southernmost feature of the Chagos group.

title: Centurion Bank


text:
Richard Worsam Meade III

Richard Worsam Meade III (also called Richard Worsam Meade, Jr., by many sources) (October 9, 1837 – May 4, 1897) was an officer in the United States Navy during the American Civil War.

Biography
Born in New York City, he was the son of Captain Richard Worsam Meade II, USN, and followed his father by entering the Navy on October 2, 1850.

He was attached to the steam frigate USS San Jacinto (1850) of the Mediterranean Squadron in 1851–1854, and the sailing frigate USS Columbia (1836) in the Home Squadron in 1854–1855, before attending the United States Naval Academy in 1856. He was promoted to passed midshipman on June 20, 1856. He served in the steam frigate USS Merrimack (1855) in 1856–1857, and off Africa in 1857–1859 on board the corvette USS Cumberland (1842) and the sloop of war USS Dale (1839). Promoted to Lieutenant on January 23, 1858, Meade was an officer of the steamer USS Saranac (1848) and sailing sloop of war USS Cyane (1837), both units of the Pacific Squadron, during 1859–1861.

After returning to the East Coast from the Pacific in mid-1861, Lieutenant Meade was hospitalized for a few months for a tropical illness, then provided gunnery instruction to volunteer officers as the Navy expanded to meet the challenges of the American Civil War. In January 1862 he became executive officer of the steam sloop USS Dacotah (1859) and later held the same position on the new gunboat USS Conemaugh (1862).

Promoted to Lieutenant-Commander on July 16, 1862, Meade's subsequent Civil War service was distinguished, including participation in the suppression of the July 1863 New York Draft Riots, plus active combat and blockade enforcement work while commanding the Mississippi River ironclad USS Louisville (1862) in the latter part of 1862 and the gunboats USS Marblehead (1861) in South Carolina waters in 1863–1864 and USS Chocura (1861) in the Gulf of Mexico during 1864–1865.

Meade's post-Civil War career marked him as one of the Navy's most prominent reformist and technologically minded officers. Duty at the Naval Academy in 1865–1868 was followed by promotion to Commander and service along the Alaskan coast as commanding officer of the steamer USS Saginaw (1859). In 1871–1873 he took USS Narragansett (1859) on a lengthy diplomatic and information-gathering cruise through the south Pacific. During the rest of the 1870s he served ashore at Washington, D.C., and New York. He attained the rank of Captain while commanding USS Vandalia (1876) in the North Atlantic and West Indies in 1879–1882, then had additional shore duty and commanded the new dispatch vessel USS Dolphin (PG-24). Captain Meade was Commandant of the Washington Navy Yard in 1887–1890. Promoted to Commodore in 1892 and Rear Admiral two years later, his final service was as commander of the North Atlantic Squadron in 1894–1895. His 1891 article "George Meade, a Patriot of the Revolutionary Era", was a "hagiographic account" that strongly influenced the reputation of his great-grandfather. He was a member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, the Society of Colonial Wars, the Order of Founders and Patriots of America and the Military Order of Foreign Wars.

Meade's early retirement in May 1895 followed a series of disagreements with the Navy Department. His obituary in the Indianapolis News reported Meade as criticizing President Grover Cleveland, and quoted the sentence "I am an American and a Union man, two things this administration can't stand."

Rear Admiral Meade died in Washington, D.C., on May 4, 1897 after complications following an operation for appendicitis. He is buried in Arlington National Cemetery alongside his brother, Lieutenant Commander Henry Meigs Meade, USN.

His wife, Rebecca Paulding, was the daughter of Rear Admiral Hiram Paulding.

Namesakes
Two ships have been named USS Meade for him and his brother, Brigadier General Robert Leamy Meade, USMC. They were nephews of General George Gordon Meade.

title: Richard Worsam Meade III


text:
Talk:Currywurst

Comments
I come from Northern Germany and I have never seen a currywurst with a boiled sausage.

I am from northern Germany as well, but I have eaten a boiled currywurst once - in Würzburg, Franconia. It was disgusting, but it seems to be not that uncommon in southern Germany.

Okay guys. I am from the south of Germany and I know both types of currywurst, made with a boiled sausage or with an grilled (red or white) sausage -- Christian R. 11:13, 12. Sept. 2006 (CEST)

I'm not entirely certain, but the external link to http://www.currybu.de/ leads to a website which may be nationalistic and anti-immigrant. The anti-Döner messages present on the page are very similar to anti-Turkish propoganda which circulates in neo-Nazi circles. Maybe it should be removed. --Marc K 15 Oct 2006.
 * This looks more like satire; it is certainly not nationalistic. --Schuetzm 14:43, 17 October 2006 (UTC)

The photo of the thick sausage does NOT show a proper Currywurst. A Currywurst is thinner and cut into slices. Always. No exception. It may well be that outside the classical Currywust areas (Rhein/Ruhr and Berlin), especially in southern Germany, dishes like the one shown are sold as "Currywurst" but that would still be incorrect. Proper Currywurst is NOT made from boiled sausages, either. Not every Wurst with some ketchup is a Currywurst. --Planetscooter (talk) 13:42, 9 February 2012 (UTC)

 * It is a simple fast-food recipe, every takeaway seems to have their own "special" currywurst.
 * However, the distinguishing feature which seperates it from other wursts seems to be the curry.
 * I never seen a wurst sold without some kind of curry-powder or curry-flavoured ketchup as a currywurst.
 * Cut up it is usually served at a takeaway because it takes up less space and can easily be carried, you also need no cutlery
 * to eat it besides a small wooden fork. Not cut up it is mostly served in any place where you sit down to eat.
 * You as a customer also have the freedom to determinate your favourite length of the slices you cut for yourself.
 * Definition of a "proper currwurst": The gargantuan butchery at the VW plant in Wolfsburg churns out more currywursts
 * than any other place in the world, coming already close to the five million mark in 2012. As VW employees also consume
 * the most of the output, it seems that -if anyone does- VW holds the right to define what a "proper" currywurst is.
 * And alas!, they serve it uncut - unless you want it in a takeway-box, then it is cut.
 * Way to go Major Hirst, way to go. 77.21.210.121 (talk) 10:55, 24 November 2012 (UTC)

 * While there might be small variations (mostly regarding the sauce recipe and variants in pork instead of beef), there is no such thing as a Currywurst which was not sliced, simple as that. Even the kind of ketchup is very specific despite variations. Also I have to agree, It is completely alien to use a sausage with such a huge diameter. This picture is just not depicting the dish in question. Its like showing a sandwich on a picture supposedly showing a "burger" but if people here insist to keep it, go ahead. It surely will lead to some good laughs. --62.225.218.161 (talk) 19:13, 6 June 2016 (UTC)

What is mixed?
In the image, the curry is added after the sausage and the ketchup is mixed. Is this always the case, or is the curry sometimes mixed with the sausage and ketchup? --Kasper Hviid 10:16, 4 August 2007 (UTC)

 * it's no regular ketchup, it's curry sauce (which normally consists of curry and... ketchup). so this needs to be fixed in the article.
 * about the curry powder: As mentioned in my first sentence, the curry isn't sometimes mixed with the ketchup, but always. The additional curry powder is also always added to the dish.--BSI 15:03, 4 August 2007 (UTC)

I can confirm this. There is no ketchup but "curry sauce" (which is, in fact, a cheap kind of ketchup WITH curry powder already included. The curry sauce is warm (not cold, as ketchup would normally be). Additional curry powder is added on top of the assembly just before serving. --Planetscooter (talk) 13:45, 9 February 2012 (UTC)
 * it's curryketchup (ketchup including currypowder) plus some currypowder on top — Preceding unsigned comment added by 134.3.76.108 (talk) 13:53, 1 July 2012 (UTC)

Ties to Southern cuisine?
I have no idea of the veracity of this, but I definitely remember being fed as a child, hot dogs sliced up in ketchup. That'd be an extremely rough approximation of currywurst, but from what I understand it's a fairly common thing to make as a children's quick&dirty meal in the American south. (However, my grandfather as also stationed in Germany after WWII and raised part of the family overseas, and that could also be where it was picked up) --Mfree 16:04, 28 September 2007 (UTC)

German national dish or popular Berlin dish?
Hi. The recent edit changing the description, in the lead, from "German national dish" to "popular Berlin dish" has made the article internally inconsistent, since there are about five other places in the article which either support the idea "German national dish" or refer to it as such directly. I would have thought that, to make this change stick, the article would need a rewrite to correct the inconsistency and, more importantly, the proposed correction would need discussing here, or some verifiable references to support this quite major change. So for now I am reverting the change in the hope of seeing these references and discussion. Thanks and best wishes, DBaK (talk) 19:25, 14 December 2009 (UTC)
 * Quite on the contrary. Calling this a "German national dish" needs a direct citation. Something better than a BBC or NYT allegation. So far, it's a mere assumption. As is "popular Berlin dish". I'll edit the article with something that is less assumptuous for the time being until I (or anyone) comes up with a decent source. German media would at least be better than foreign press hype. It's nice that the curator thinks it's a national dish. Doesn't make it such. Doesn't make it not so, too, but really, isn't it a bit much to declare a "German national dish" on one man's opinion? Background - he pushed for the museum. It's basically his baby. Regards, --G-41614 (talk) 08:39, 23 April 2010 (UTC)
 * Anecdotally, I would mention that it is fairly popular throughout Germany. It is more popular though in Northern Germany. That is a pretty general thing though in Germany, taste differs significantly from north to south. The version in Ruhr is different than the one in Berlin though from what I understand. I haven't eaten it before, though, so I really have no idea. I think I remember this stuff from the TV show Galileo.--75.80.43.80 (talk) 18:47, 8 May 2011 (UTC)
 * Not that I'm an expert, but I've definitely had Currywurst in Cologne, Berlin and Leipzig. More importantly, BBC and NYT are not only good sources, they're among the best, and should not ever be lightly discounted.  Oreo Priest  talk 15:30, 9 May 2011 (UTC)

I am German and lived in Münster for 20 years. I believe that Currywurst has two core regions where it is extremely popular: Berlin and Nordrhein-Westfalen (the Rhine-Ruhr-Münster area). Both areas have slightly different styles. In Berlin the sausage is often or mostly reddish-pink colored and on the thick side of the tolerable range, while in the Westfalen area Currywurst is made from a grey-ish Rostbratwurst-style sausage. I have tried Currywurst in southern Germany a few times (I recall Erlangen as an extremely bad example), but it was never "genuine" and mostly terrible. It seems to be a common misconception outside the Currywurst core areas that an arbitrary sausage with some ketchup poured over it makes a Currywurst. Coming back to the original question: It is certainly much wider spread that Berlin, though I wouldn't call it a German national dish.--Planetscooter (talk) 13:53, 9 February 2012 (UTC)
 * As I remember it from my childhood and youth in south western Germany, it was one of the most common fast food dishes until the early or mid-1990ies. Small fast food stands sold it in every town, every public swimming pool, along major roads, commercial and industrial areas as a quick lunch for the workers/employees... Then came Döner Kebap and the international fast food chains and took a big bite out of the Bratwurst's monopoly, so to say. -- Seelefant (talk) 10:20, 28 May 2012 (UTC)

I think it first has to be defined what "national dish" really means. You can find currywurst everywhere in germany, in some areas more often than in others, but in about every not-so-small city you can find imbissbuden that serve currywurst. Everyone knows what it is, and almost everyone (except possibly vegetarians) have already tasted one. I have been living in several german cities for a while (including berlin), and it never occured to be that it may be something "typically berlin". Just as an example: In frankfur/main there is a currywurst franchise called "best worscht in town" (mix of hessian and english meaning "best sausage in town") that are famous (as in appearing in several nation wide tv short documentaries) for their "hotness"/"spicyness" scale on sausage. When you order there you tell what kind of sausage you want (typically you chose between thüringer and rindswurst) and which flavour of curry you want (they have about 6 or 8 or so), and what level of spicyness you want (A,B,B+,C,D,E,F). With increasing levels of that, you have to be of at least 16 (or was it 18) in age, and for E and F you have to sign some paper that they are not responsible for any illness/damage done to you. For a few years now I see some similar imbissbuden all over germany now. Given all that, I personally would say that its something "popular german". Not sure if you can really call it "national dish" as the tradition is only a few decades old. At least it is much more popular in whole german than stuff like lederhosen or weisswurst/weissbier that people abroad often call "typically german" but which is mainly consumed in bavaria (or other rather local areas). — Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.61.9.75 (talk) 14:29, 26 February 2013 (UTC)

800 million
You can often read that 800 million curry sausages are served in Germany annually. What I've not found so far is any indication of: (a) who determined this number? (b) when did that happen, i.e. in what year or range of years was this determined to be so? There may be answers to these questions, but until we have them, it's an unsupportable claim. It hardly seems to be so insightful a statistic that it would be worth keeping in the article anyway. It's clear enough that currywurst is a popular and widespread type of fast food, so we may assume that many millions are served every year; putting the number of 800 million on that doesn't change a thing.

Here's why the Reuters article does not count as a useful source for the number: It just dishes out the following sentence without any further context:

 * Germans consume about 800 million currywursts annually -- 70 million are eaten in Berlin alone each year.

So the author gives no source for this number, not even the museum or its director. Surely the Reuters author did not research this number herself. It follows that the article is neither a primary source for the claim, nor a secondary source, because it does not refer to another source. It may be noted that it's a light-hearted piece from the “Reuters Life!” section. SKopp (talk) 22:46, 22 October 2013 (UTC)

 * "Today, about 800 million currywurst dishes are sold in Germany each year, the Currywurst Museum says,...".TMCk (talk) 16:55, 23 October 2013 (UTC)

 * " "70 Millionen Currywürste werden jährlich in Berlin verzehrt", berichtet Birgit Breloh, Leiterin des Deutschen Currywurst Museums,..." - (Google translate.: "'70 million curry sausages are consumed annually in Berlin,' says Birgit Breloh, director of the Deutsches Currywurst Museum".TMCk (talk) 17:03, 23 October 2013 (UTC)
 * Thanks Clean-keeper! I'll re-add the claim with the additional citations, provided you have no problem with that SKopp.  Oreo Priest  talk 18:27, 23 October 2013 (UTC)

There is even an English language press sheet from the museum itself giving the same numbers. I hate to play this role, but let me note that the museum gives no source either, and cannot well be assumed to have calculated the numbers itself, as they are older than the museum, e.g.

 * August 2002
 * August 2002
 * June 2003 (including 70 million for Berlin)
 * October 2003 (text may be inaccessible if you don't come from a search engine)

I would suggest the following wording then, inserted after the Volkswagen paragraph:

 * For all of Germany, up-to-date consumption statistics are unknown, but the claim of an annual consumption of 800 million has been quoted in various press publications since at least the year 2002. In addition, 70 million are occasionally claimed for the city of Berlin.

It is admittedly a very cautious wording, but we are talking about serious matters after all ;) SKopp (talk) 19:02, 23 October 2013 (UTC)
 * That's much too cautious (and long!)! How about:
 * The Deutsches Currywurst Museum estimates that 800 million currywursts are eaten every year in Germany, with 70 million in Berlin alone.
 * which is much simpler? By including the source, those who choose to doubt it because of that are free to do so. Thoughts?  Oreo Priest  talk 19:45, 23 October 2013 (UTC)

 * Fine by me. SKopp (talk) 20:12, 23 October 2013 (UTC)
 * Great! I'm glad we could reach an agreement!  Oreo Priest  talk 02:21, 24 October 2013 (UTC)

Volkswagen
Volkswagen does not only produce the sausages but also the curry ketchup and sells it as an "original VW part" with it's own original part number (in german "Teile Nummer"), the TN 199 398 500 B which is btw one of the most sold "parts" in the history of this company — Preceding unsigned comment added by 84.56.67.148 (talk) 06:16, 11 April 2018 (UTC)

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Typo
There seems to be a typo here: “[…] by Herta Heuwer.Herta Heuwer: The roots of currywurst […]” I’m not sure how to fix it. NotFromMarkkleeberg (talk) 01:47, 26 February 2024 (UTC)

title: Talk:Currywurst


text:
Jason Smith (actor)

Jason Smith (born 31 May 1984) is an Australian actor, writer and singer best known for his roles in Home and Away (2003–2006) and Power Rangers Jungle Fury (2008).

Early life and education
Smith was born in Sydney and he studied at the Australian Theatre for Young People. When he was thirteen, Smith landed a role on Water Rats. After he completed high school, Smith chose to pursue a career in acting. He appeared in All Saints, Ocean Star and an American telemovie called The Mystery of Natalie Wood.

Career
Smith appeared as Robbie Hunter on the Australian soap opera Home and Away from 2003 until 2006. Smith earned a nomination for "Most Popular New Male Talent" at the 2005 Logie Awards for his role as Robbie.

Smith played Casey Rhodes, the Red Ranger, in Power Rangers Jungle Fury. He then starred as Gryff in Legend of the Seeker. Smith presented the first season of the Australian children's educational show Backyard Science. He also starred as a pied piper in a commercial for Axe. Smith appeared on the Australian game shows Talkin' 'Bout Your Generation and the Australian version of Pyramid.

In 2008, Smith released three songs; "What Planet", "Celebrity" and "Where".

In 2012, Smith wrote an episode of the soap opera 'Home and Away', which he had previously starred in.

In 2014, Smith reprised his role as Casey Rhodes on an episode of Power Rangers Super Megaforce titled "Spirit of the Tiger" and he also wrote the episodes Blue Saber Saga, Samurai Surprise, Power of Six and All Hail Prince Vekar of the same show.

In January 2016, Smith joined Nova FM to host Late Nights across the network. He resigned from Nova FM in December 2016 to focus on his acting career.

In 2019, Smith hosted the behind-the-scenes specials, Home and Away: Christmas in Summer Bay, which featured cast interviews and clips from the series. It was commissioned exclusively for Channel 5's streaming service My5 in the UK, but did also stream in Australia on 7plus.

title: Jason Smith (actor)