text: Talk:His Little Partner

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title: Talk:His Little Partner


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 game in the county! But, 'duke, when I fish, I fish, and don't play;—so, away, boys, for another haul, and we'll send out wagons and carts, in the morning, to bring in our prizes!"

Marmaduke appeared to understand that all opposition to the will of the Sheriff would be useless, and he strolled from the fire, to the place where the canoe of the hunters lay, whither the ladies and Oliver Edwards had already preceded him.

Curiosity induced the females to approach this spot, but it surely was a different motive that led the youth thither. Elizabeth examined the light ash timbers and thin bark covering of the canoe, in admiration of its neat but simple execution, and with wonder that any human being could be so daring as to trust his life in so frail a vessel. But the youth explained to her the buoyant properties of the boat, and its perfect safety, when under proper management, adding, in such glowing terms, a description of the manner in which the fish were struck with the spear, that she changed suddenly, from an apprehension of the danger of the excursion, to a desire to participate in its pleasures. She even ventured a proposition to that effect to her father, laughing at the same time, at her own wish, and accusing herself of acting under a woman's caprice.

"Say not so, Bess," returned the Judge; "I would have you above the idle fears of a silly girl. These canoes are the safest kind of boats, to those who have skill and steady nerves. I have crossed the broadest part of the Oneida in one much smaller than this."

"And I the Ontary," interrupted the Leather-stocking; "and that with squaws in the canoe, too. But the Delaware women be used to the paddle

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 and are down good hands in a boat of this nater. If the young woman would like to see an old man strike a trout for his breakfast, she is welcome to a seat and a sight. John will say the same, seeing that he built the canoe, which was only launched yesterday; for I'm not over curous at such small work as brooms, and basket-making, and other like Indian trades."

Natty gave the heiress one of his significant laughs, with a kind nod of his head, when he concluded this invitation; but Mohegan, with the native grace of an Indian, approached, and taking her soft white hand into his own swarthy and wrinkled palm, said—

"Come, grand-daughter of Miquon, and John will be glad. Trust the Indian: his head is old, though his hand is not steady. The young Eagle will go, and see that no harm hurts his sister."

"Well, Mr. Edwards," cried Elizabeth, blushing slightly, "your friend, Mohegan, you see, has given a promise for you. Do you redeem the pledge?"

"With my life, if necessary, Miss Temple." cried the youth, with fervour. "The sight is worth some little apprehension, for of real danger there is none. I will go with you and Miss Grant, however, to save appearances."

"With me!" exclaimed Louisa; "no, not with me, Mr. Edwards, nor surely do you mean to trust yourself in that slight canoe."

"But I shall, for I have no apprehensions any longer," said Elizabeth, stepping into the boat, and taking a seat where the Indian directed. "Mr. Edwards, you may remain, as three do seem to be enough for such an egg shell."

"It shall hold a fourth," cried the young man, springing to her side, with a violence that nearly shook the weak fabric of the vessel asunder;—

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 "He is gone then (said she, sinking upon a chair); we have parted to meet no more!—Oh, de Sevignie! I now almost regret we ever met!"

Absorbed in melancholy, she forgot the necessity there was for trying to suppress her emotions before her father's return, till his step, as she imagined, in the hall roused her from her reverie, and made her precipitately fly to another room which opened immediately upon the stairs. She had scarcely gained her chamber, when Jaqueline entered.

"Come down, Mam'selle (said she), Monsieur de Sevignie is below, and wishes to speak with you."

"With me! (repeated Madeline, starting from the seat on which she had thrown herself); good heaven! (in inexpressible agitation, the agitation perhaps of hope) what can he have to say to me?"

"I am sure that's more than I can tell (said Jaqueline); but I will go and inform


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 "I am sure that's more than I can tell (said Jaqueline); but I will go and inform him you are coming." So saying, she descended the stairs, followed by Madeline as soon as she had wiped away her tears. De Sevignie was waiting for her at the parlour door—"I came back (said he in a hesitating voice as she entered) to return the poems which you were so obliging as to lend me, and which I forgot this evening when I came to take leave."

The colour which had mantled the cheeks of Madeline died away, and she took the book in silence from him.

"Permit me now (cried he) to return those thanks for your attentions, which, when I saw you before this evening, I had not the power of doing. Oh, Madeline! (as if with irrepressible emotion) who can wonder at my being then incapable of speaking."—Madeline turned from him to conceal the feelings he inspired, and walked to the window; he followed her—"this evening (cried he) I have bade a final adieu


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 to felicity; to-morrow, to-morrow at this hour, oh, Madeline! and I shall be far, far distant from this spot!—I shall only behold this lovely face in idea:—tell me (he continued, taking her hand, and looking at her with the most touching softness), when I am gone, may I hope sometimes to be remembered, as a friend?—to think of living in the memory of those I love, would be to me a soothing pleasure, the only pleasure I can enjoy."

Madeline promised not to forget him; 'twas a promise her heart told her she would truly perform. De Sevignie still lingered after receiving it;—"I must be gone at last (cried he); every moment I stay but increases my reluctance to depart. Oh, Madeline! no words can express my heaviness of heart at thus bidding a last adieu to" He paused—but his eyes expressed what his tongue left unfinished. Madeline sat down; her tears fell in spite of her efforts to restrain them: de Sevignie grasped her hands in his;


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 he looked at her with a countenance full of anguish.—"I must fly (said he), or I shall no longer have any command over myself." The breeze that blew in at the window had wafted aside the hair of Madeline from her forehead; de Sevignie pressed his lips against it for a moment; and, dropping on his knees, "bless, heaven (he cried) bless with the choicest of thy gifts, the loveliest of thy works!"—then rising precipitately, he once more rushed out of the house.

Madeline, more dejected than ever, returned to her chamber; nor could any effort she made for the purpose so far restore her composure as to enable her to join her father (whose walk had been purposely lengthened on her account) at supper: she excused herself by pleading a head-ache. Clermont sighed, as he thought that a heart-ache was what she should have said. The departure of de Sevignie Clermont trusted would check the passion of Madeline; and that, like an untoward blossom of the spring,


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 it would gradually die away—the "perfume and the suppliance of a moment:" how greatly therefore was he disappointed when convinced of the falsity of this idea, by the alteration which took place in her after the departure of de Sevignie; the rose forsook her cheek; she pined in thought, and neglected all her former avocations: with an anguish which no language can express, he watched over her; he did not hint at the observations he had made; but gently and by degrees he strove to lead her back to her former pursuits, well-knowing that employment was the best antidote against melancholy: he also frequently hinted, that she should be particularly watchful of her peace, as his entirely depended on it. These insinuations at length recalled her to a sense of what was due to him and herself; and she felt guilty of ingratitude in so long giving way to feelings which, by injuring her tranquillity, had interrupted his: a conviction of error was followed by a determination of making every possible atonement for it; she


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 matic, their tints merging happily into each other at the edges while retaining their purity. In this latter class the typical variety had delicate clair-de-lune glaze covering the interior of a piece and passing, on the outside, without suggesting any break of continuity, into a colour resembling, but even softer than, that of red hawthorn. The external tint was not uniform, but minutely mottled or dappled throughout, a pleasing play of light and shade being thus produced. In specimens of this class, and indeed in all fine examples of old Chün-yao, the clair-de-lune glaze is broken by flattened v-shaped marks, through which the beautiful azure of the heart of the glaze is apparent. These marks are much valued by Chinese connoisseurs. Their presence or absence alone constitutes, in the eyes of some virtuosi, the difference between excellence and mediocrity. Anyone who has seen specimens of Yueh-pai (clair-de-lune) ware must be familiar with the fact that the deeper azure of the glaze gleams out in spaces of greater or less magnitude, recalling the depths of colour seen through breaks in a fleecy sky. This feature occurs in the Chün-yao, and its description by Chinese writers of former days has greatly perplexed modern translators. It should be observed, however, that clair-de-lune monochromes, though manufactured at Chün-chou, were not greatly esteemed. The combination of clair-de-lune with vermilion red ranked much higher. With regard to the green colour of Chun-yao, the reader must not suppose that there is question of a céladon monochrome. Like the clair-de-lune, this green also occurred in combination with red and even with purple. Specimens showing the three colours—cinnabar red, ripe-grape purple, and


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 therefore struggled against despondency, and applied herself more assiduously than ever to her wonted occupations: success crowned her exertions; her health returned, and with it its almost constant attendant—cheerfulness; a cheerfulness, however, which derived its principal support from the hope of again beholding de Sevignie, and which sometimes, losing that support, sunk into despondency.

The winter glided away without any event happening in the least interesting to her feelings or her father's; and without lessening the impression which de Sevignie had made upon her heart: the scenes he had particularly admired about the cottage, she still wandered to; and the old castle still continued her favourite haunt; she copied the lines, though her doing so was unnecessary, for they were already deeply impressed upon her memory; and often visited the house where he had lodged, and where every tongue was eloquent in his praise.


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 "pardon me, Miss Temple, that I do not permit these venerable Charons to take you to the shades, unattended by your genius."

"Is it a good or evil spirit?" asked Elizabeth.

"Good to you."

"And mine," added the maiden, with an air that strangely blended pique with satisfaction. But the motion of the canoe gave rise to new ideas, and fortunately afforded a good excuse to the young man to change the discourse.

It appeared to Elizabeth, that they glided over the water by magic, so easy and graceful was the manner in which Mohegan guided his little bark. A slight gesture with his spear, indicated the way in which the Leather-stocking wished to go, and a profound silence was preserved by the whole party, as a precaution necessary to the success of their fishery. The shore, at that point of the lake, ran gradually off, and the water shoaled regularly, differing, in this particular, altogether, from those parts where the mountains rose, nearly in perpendicular precipices, from the beach. There, the largest vessels could have lain, with their yards locked in the branches of the pines; while here, a scanty growth of rushes lifted their tops above the lake, gently curling the waters, as their bending heads slowly waved with the passing breath of the night air. It was at the shallow points, only, that the bass could be found, or the net cast with success.

Elizabeth saw thousands of these fish, swimming in shoals along the shallow and warm waters of the shore; for the flaring light of their torch exposed all the mysteries of the lake, laying them open to the eye, with a slight variation in colour, as plainly as if the limpid sheet of the Otsego was but another atmosphere. Every instant she expected to see the impending spear of

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CHAP. IV.

night in the latter part of spring, as Clermont and Madeline were preparing to retire from the parlour for the night, a loud and violent knocking at the hall-door suddenly startled them: an apprehension of danger however never entered their thoughts; some neighbour taken ill, they supposed, had sent for relief; and, under this idea, Clermont hastened to open the door; but how great was his amazement on doing so to perceive a total stranger.


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 head in the P'ing-tzu-lei-p'ien (ch. 214, p. 8) shows that t'u-ssu is the name of a vegetable parasite, and as such is associated with that of a similar growth called nü-lo by the Chinese; it is the plant known to botanists as Cuscuta, or as the dodder in common English. Cf. Porter Smith, ''Chinese Mat. Med''., p. 87. I am inclined to think that the metaphor implied in this name refers to a peculiar crackled muster, which is neither the crab's claw muster, nor the fish spawn muster of the Kuan-yao and Ko-yao porcelains, and which may be seen on some old specimens of Chün-yao.

The passage, as here translated, is indeed perplexing. But it is pretty plain that the Chinese author refers not to the colour of the dodder or to any appearance capable of being associated with crackle, but to the variegation of the leaf. The dodder—called by the Japanese ne-nashi-kazura, or the rootless parasite—is often spoken of in this sense. What the passage in the Liu-ch'ing-jih-cha conveys is that the colours of the Chün-yao presented a variegated appearance, like the green and white on the leaf of the dodder, and that the deeper azure at the heart of the clair-de-lune glaze gleamed out in places like the steely blue in the centre of a flame. The fitness of this latter simile is easily recognised.

"The Po-wu-yao-lan says: 'The highest quality consists of pieces having a colour as red as cinnabar, and as green as onion-leaves and kingfisher's plumage, which is commonly called the green of the parrot and the purple brown colour of the skin of an eggplant fruit, or of pieces red like rouge, green like onion-leaves and kingfisher's plumage, and purple like ink black, these three colours being pure and not in the slightest degree changed during the firing. Pieces which have one or two numbers on the bottom as a trade mark, and are of a colour resembling


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 "Don't be alarmed, sir (said the man, who was young and appeared agitated, on perceiving him step back); I am servant to a lady of distinction, who is travelling from Paris to her chateau about ten leagues from this, and has met with an unfortunate accident in the valley, her coach being there overturned, and so much damaged, that she cannot proceed on her journey till it has been repaired: at a loss, in the mean time, for a place to stay in, she has sent to the owner of this cottage, who I suppose, sir, (bowing) you are, to request he will have the goodness either to permit her to remain a few hours in it, or inform her where she can gain admittance."

Clermont instantly desired him to present his respects to his lady, and inform her that he was happy he could have the honour of accommodating her. The servant bowed again, and hurried away, while Clermont put the light into Jaqueline's hands, and returned to the parlour to assist Madeline in settling


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 it. In a few minutes approaching steps were heard, and a lady, somewhat advanced in years, but of a dignified and benignant aspect, entered the room. Clermont approached to welcome and receive her, but suddenly stopped, as did the lady, and, to the inexpressible amazement of Madeline, they both gazed on each other with all the wildness of surprise.

"Good heaven! (exclaimed the stranger, first breaking silence) do I really behold a friend so valued, so long anxiously sought after—do I really behold my ever esteemed—."

Clermont started; turned his eye upon his daughter; as quickly glanced it at the lady, and laid his hand upon his mouth: she seemed to understand the sign; sighed—paused—and looked down; then again raising her eyes—"I bless the accident (cried she), which has been the means of discovering to me the retreat of a friend so valued."


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 "I cannot indeed regret it (said Clermont, advancing, and taking her hand to his heart); I cannot regret what has again introduced me to the notice of the Countess de Merville,—what has convinced me that a being still exists interested about the unfortunate Clermont."

"Clermont! (repeated the lady, with a mournful voice); oh, my friend! but there is no name, no title by which you would not be equally estimable to me."

"Allow me (said he, looking at his daughter), to introduce another recluse to your ladyship."

She bowed; and Clermont advancing to Madeline, who, lost in wonder, had hitherto stood contemplating them, took her trembling hand and led her forward. The Countess clasped her to her bosom; then suddenly held her to a distance from it, and exclaimed—"what a resemblance!"

"A fatal one (cried Clermont); it often


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 pig's liver, since the red, ch'ing and green colours got mixed together like saliva hanging down through not being sufficiently fired, are not to be distinguished as different kinds. For, such names as "mucus," or "pig's liver," which are given to this class of porcelain, have been invented for fun's sake. Among these porcelains, those which have bottoms like the flower-pots in which sword-grass is grown, are considered the most excellent; the others, viz., those which have bottoms like ton-shaped censers, Ho-fang jugs or Kuan-tsü, are all of a yellowish, sandy paste, for which reason they are not good in appearance; they have been made in recent years at I-hsing, the paste consisting of a gritty clay, though the enamel somewhat resembles the better class article; but they do not stand wear and tear.'

Refering to the simile of kingfisher's plumage, Dr. Hirth says:—

To a European eye the tints appearing in old Chün-yao porcelains, besides the reddish colours, are perhaps rather bluish than greenish; but it should be considered that, by the admixture of white and red materials, the exact description must have been very difficult to a Chinese writer. Probably no better metaphor could have been found for the colour described than the plumage of the parrot (ying-ko-lü), if we think of the red-tailed bird of a greyish plumage, which is so superior to all other varieties for its linguistic faculties.

Referring to the numbers on the bottom, he says:—

Julien (p. 74) translates: 'Les vases qui portaient au dessous du pied les charactères numériques, i., (un), eul (deux);' eitel (China Rev., vol. x., p. 311): 'Specimens bearing one or two numerical characters at the bottom.' I have, against


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 embitters the pleasure I take in gazing on her; the eyes, the voice, the smile!"

"Come, my good friend (said the Countess), reflect that there is no earthly pleasure without alloy, and try to support the common lot with fortitude: I believe I need not bring any proof to confirm the truth of what I have said, that the cup of joy never comes into mortal hands unmixed with bitter ingredients."

"No (replied Clermont), I want no proof of the truth of your words."

"I hope and believe (said she), that the destiny of this dear young creature will be happier than was that of the person she resembles."

"If not (cried Clermont, raising his eyes), grant, oh thou supreme Being! that I may never live to see it fulfilled." His own energy struck him; he recollected himself: handed the Countess to a chair, and briefly informed Madeline, whom he saw almost stupefied by surprise, how she should arrange matters for the accommodation of their


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 guests; entreating her at the same time, to hasten whatever supper could be procured. She directly left the parlour, but was greatly surprised to find two females standing in the hall, younger, but not quite so well dressed as the Countess. She expressed her regret at their having continued so long in such a situation, and her wonder at their not having accompanied the Countess into the parlour: they smiled on each other at this, and said they were only her attendants. Madeline blushed at her mistake, for she had supposed them companions of the Countess, and conducted them into a small room adjoining the parlour, used by her father as a study: here, having procured lights, she left them. She found Jaqueline stirring up the fire, and asked her how she could suffer the strangers to continue so long in the hall?

"Why, Lord a mercy, Mam'selle (said Jaqueline), how could I think of every thing? here have I been in such a fuss, ransacking my brain to know what we should do about supper. Lord, what an unlucky thing it was


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 that Father Pierre dined here to-day; he has always such an appetite; only for him some of the fowl at least would have been left, and then I could have made some rich gravy, and tossed it into a fricassee in a moment. I am sure I am as sorry as the lady herself can be about the accident; not that I should have cared a pin about it had it happened in summer or autumn, when one would have had nothing to do but put out their hand to gather something nice; but now nothing can be got for love or money."

"I am sure (said Madeline, with a look of distress), I don't know what is to be done."

"Well, Mam'selle, there's no use in fretting any more about the matter; I'll dress a good dish of eggs, and what with them and the new cheese, and some of your sweetmeats, we'll be able to furnish the table pretty tolerably."

"We must bestir ourselves, my good Jaqueline, for the rooms are yet to be settled; my father is to have a mattress brought


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 my grammatical instinct, adopted the second rendering, since I have seen a Sung specimen bearing the number wu (five) as a trade mark. The description given by Fortune (A Residence among the Chinese, London, 1857, p. 86) of 'the most ancient examples of porcelain' apparently refers to this class of Chün-yao.

Referring to the caution that pieces showing mixed colours, owing to being imperfectly fired, should not be distinguished as different kinds, he says:—

As is done in Julien's translation (pp. 74 and 75), where seven classes are named, viz., (1) Mei-tzu-ch'ing or green or blue, like plums'; (2) Chia-pi-tzu or 'purple brown, like the egg-plant fruit' (see above); (3) Hai-tang-hung or 'red, like the Japanese pear'; (4) Chu-kan or 'pig's liver' (see above); (5) Lo fei or 'mule's lungs'; (6) Pi-ti or 'mucus' (see above); and (7) T'ien-lan or 'sky blue.' The Ch'ing-pi-tsang says: 'Of Chün-chou porcelains the best quality consists of pieces that are red like rouge; the second quality is green (ch'ing) like onion leaves and kingfisher's plumage, and brown or purple like ink. Pieces that are of a pure colour and contain one or two numbers as marks on the bottom, are superior; pieces that show mixed colours are in no demand.'

Dr. Bushell corrects a portion of the above renderings. In his review of Dr. Hirth's pamphlet, he writes: —"Dr. Hirth translates—'Among these porcelains, those which have bottoms like the flower-pots in which sword-grass is grown, are considered the most excellent; the others, viz., those which have bottoms like ton-shaped censers, Ho-fang jugs, or Kuan-tsu,' &c. I would render it, 'Among these porcelains the flower-pots and saucers for growing sword-grass are the most beautiful; the others, viz., the barrel-seats, censers and boxes, square vases and jars with covers,' &c. These things are all well


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 down to the study for himself; and you must make up a bed here for yourself, as I shall be obliged to take your's in consequence of giving my own to the Countess."

"Holy Virgin! what a hurly-burly's here, (exclaimed Jaqueline); Lord what ill luck we had that they should fix on our cottage in preference to any other in the valley."

"Hush, hush, (said Madeline); consider how ill-natured it is to regret giving shelter to those who were benighted and distressed."

"Well, Mam'selle, if you'll lay the cloth, as I am so busy; I'll be after you in a moment with supper."

"Very well (replied Madeline as she took it up); and pray do not forget the strangers in the study." She then proceeded to the parlour, where she found her father and the Countess sitting by the fire, apparently engaged in an interesting discourse, which her presence interrupted. Clermont rose to assist her in laying the cloth; and the


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 Countess watched her every movement with looks that spoke the warmest admiration: never indeed had Madeline appeared more beautiful; surprise and agitation had heightened the faint glow of her cheek to a bright crimson, which increased the lustre of her eyes, and rendered it almost dazzling. With downcast looks and hesitating accents, she apologised to the Countess for the frugal fare she was compelled to set before her. Jaqueline soon made her appearance with it; and ere she retired, was again reminded of the servants in the study, for whom she received some of Madeline's nice sweetmeats, and Clermont's best wine.

Either from compliance to the delicate feelings of her entertainers, or from real inclination, the Countess seemed to enjoy her supper; every thing indeed, though simple, was excellent in its kind. Her conversation now turned on general subjects, and Madeline was disappointed beyond expression, for she had flattered herself it would have re-


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 curred to former days, and of course explained to her what she had so long sighed to know, namely, the real origin of her father, and those misfortunes which had occasioned his present seclusion: and her disappointment rendered her unable, as she otherwise would have done, to enjoy the conversation of her new and noble guest; which, like her eye, still retained all the fire of youth, and indicated a spirit at once penetrating and benignant.

Clermont appeared unusually animated; and Madeline, amidst her wonder and disappointment, blessed the chance which had produced an incident so pleasing to him. Soon after supper, the Countess complained of fatigue: Madeline immediately took the hint; and having seen that a chamber was ready for her, offered to conduct her to it; an offer which the Countess instantly accepted; but her attendance was not permitted; the Countess's women were summoned, and


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 from their lady's room repaired to the one allotted for them.

Madeline returned to the parlour, hoping that her father would explain whatever appeared mysterious to her, but she was disappointed; for he instantly said that he must wish her good-night, as he was extremely fatigued. Madeline could not help believing this was a pretext to avoid entering into conversation, and with involuntary dejection she received his adieu, and retired to her little chamber. Here she sat a long time pondering over all that had passed, and wondering why such profound secrecy should be observed to her: wearied at last with conjectures, she repaired to bed, but her mind was too much disturbed to let her rest as quietly as usual. About the middle of the night she was startled by a noise from below stairs; trembling she sat up in the bed to listen more distinctly; and in the next moment heard a soft tap at the door of the room adjoining hers, in which the Countess slept;


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 she immediately stole out of bed, and unlatching her door, opened just as much of it as would permit her to observe what was going on without being discovered. She had not stood here a minute, when the Countess's door was opened with as much caution as her own had been, and she saw her coming from it with a light; and then, to her inexpressible amazement, beheld her father standing in the passage, who, taking the hand of the Countess, led her softly down stairs. It was some time before Madeline could move, so much was she astonished; a number of uneasy sensations rushed upon her mind; but she was too innocent to harbour any ideas prejudicial to her father and his friend: she concluded they had chosen this time as the best for talking over affairs which they wished to conceal. What an opportunity, thought Madeline, is there now for discovering those affairs:—she instantly flew to the chair on which her things were thrown, and snatching up a wrapper, threw it over her with breathless impatience, and hastened


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 to the lobby;—but here she paused and reflected,

"Good heavens! (cried she, whilst she felt her cheeks suffused with the burning blushes of shame); good heavens, what am I about doing!—going to steal meanly upon the privacy of my father and his friend!—a father, from whose uniform tenderness I might well suppose that nothing which had a tendency to promote my happiness would be concealed;—a father, who has so sedulously cautioned me against any action contrary to virtue; that any deviation in me is inexcusable.—Fie, fie, Madeline, what a wretch art thou! how unworthy of his goodness! how little benefited by his precepts!" She returned to her chamber, fastened the door, and sitting down upon the bed, burst into an agony of tears—"I shall be ashamed to meet my father's eyes in the morning (cried she), I am sure my looks will betray my guilt: well I am resolved I will punish myself for it;


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 henceforward I'll never express the smallest curiosity to be acquainted with his affairs; and never more will I scold Jaqueline when I catch her with her ear to the key-hole listening to our discourse."

She continued lamenting her conduct and imploring heaven to forgive it, till she heard the Countess, notwithstanding the lightness of her step, returning to her chamber. Roused by this, she then first perceived that day was dawning, and cold and exhausted crept into bed, where she lay till it was time for her to rise. As soon as dressed, she went down to assist Jaqueline in preparing breakfast, and found her the only person yet up.

"Why, Mam'selle (said she, the moment she saw Madeline), I believe you slept but poorly last night, for you look very pale."

"Do I," said Madeline, with a sigh.

"Yes, indeed; and I fancy I don't look vastly blooming myself, for my rest was not over good I can assure you; I thought I


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 heard strange noises last night; do you know, Mam'selle, I don't half like those strangers."

"We must give them their breakfast however (said Madeline); so pray, Jaqueline, let us lose no more time in talking."

"Bless you (cried Jaqueline), you'll find I have lost no time in getting it ready; the coffee is ready for making, the things are laid, and I am just going to the dairy for the butter and cream."

Madeline turned into the parlour, and walked to the window, but not now, as heretofore, to gaze upon the prospect with delight: her mind was sunk in the heaviest dejection; for, for the first time, it was conscious of error; and all that had before charmed, was now disregarded.

Oh, Innocence! first of blessings! how tasteless without thee would all the pleasures of life appear to a heart of sensibility! as no state can be happy without thee, neither


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 can any be truly wretched with thee; thy smiles can give fortitude to the weak; thy power can blunt the arrows of adversity: he who cherishes thee shall, in the hour of misery, be rewarded by thy consolations,—and blessed, thrice blessed are they who know them.

Madeline was not long in the parlour ere her father entered. After the usual salutations, he began a conversation which seemed contrived for the purpose of knowing whether Madeline felt any curiosity about the proceedings of the last night; he at length took her hand, and leading her to a chair, seated himself by her,

"My dear Madeline (said he), you were no doubt surprised at what you saw last night; and your silence respecting that surprise, pleases me more than I can express, as it at once convinces me of the command you have over yourself, and the respect you have for me."


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 Praise so undeserved was more cutting to the heart of Madeline than the severest reproaches could have been; she burst into tears; declared her unworthiness, her contrition, and implored her father's forgiveness.

"An error (exclaimed Clermont, after the pause of a minute, and taking the hand which he had suddenly relinquished), so ingenuously acknowledged, so sincerely repented, I cannot deny my pardon to: but, my dear Madeline, let the conviction of your weakness, render you more fervent than ever in imploring heaven to strengthen your virtuous resolutions: let it also influence you to make allowances for the frailty of others; 'tis inexcusable in any one to triumph over the indiscretions of another, which perhaps the want of similar temptations alone prevented their falling into; but doubly inexcusable in those who are conscious of having committed them."


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 "From the first pang of remorse, judge of the horrors which ever attend misconduct, and strive to avoid them by ever resisting inclinations that side not with your duties: to oppose our passions, is finally to conquer them; like cowards, they are tyrannical with the weak, but timid with the brave: and no victory can be so glorious as one obtained over them; 'tis applauded by our reason, sanctioned by our conscience, and applauded by him who records the smallest effort in the cause of virtue."

"Oh, my father (said Madeline), henceforward I trust I shall convince you I have profited by your lessons."

"Be your error forgotten (resumed Clermont), or only remembered as a caution against any future one. And now, my child, to return to last night; you were no doubt astonished at the feelings manifested by the Countess de Merville and me at our unexpected meeting; but strong as is our mutual regard, friendship is the only tie between us: how that friendship commenced,


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 or was interrupted, would not be more painful to you to hear, than to me to relate, supposing our stolen interview was for the purpose of talking over affairs which we wished to conceal; a wish dictated by regard to your tranquillity; as the Countess knew my past, so was she now acquainted with my present situation; and in consequence of being so generously noble, humanely offered to take you under her protection."

Madeline started, and would have spoken, had not a motion from Clermont enjoined her to silence.

"You know not (he continued), heaven only knows it, the load of anxiety her offer has removed from my heart; unnumbered have been the sleepless nights, the wretched days I have passed on your account; looking forward to the hour which should deprive you of my protection (a tear dropped from Madeline on his hand); which should leave you for-


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 lorn in a world too prone to take advantage of innocence and poverty: the asylum of a cloister was the only one I had means of procuring you; but to that you ever manifested a repugnance, and I could not therefore influence you to it; the free-will offering of the heart is alone acceptable to heaven: besides, I do not thoroughly approve such institutions; I think they are somewhat contrary to nature; and I can never believe that beings immured for life, can feel gratitude so ardent, piety so exalted to the Almighty, as those who, in the wide range of the world, have daily opportunities of exploring his wonders, experiencing his goodness, and contemplating the profusion of his gifts. The Countess de Merville is just the guide to whose care I can consign my beloved girl with confidence and pleasure; her virtues are as fascinating as her manners; and though her ability to do good is great, her wish is still greater.

"With her you'll move in a sphere of life very different from your present one;


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 and against the dangers so often attending sudden exaltation I would caution you, did I not know that she will at once cherish you with the tenderness of a parent, and watch you with the sedulity of a friend: all I shall therefore say is, that I trust you may ever continue the unaffected child of nature; ever remember that modesty is the best ornament of a female, and simplicity her chief attraction: the Countess departs after breakfast, and you then accompany her."

Madeline again started; all the pleasure she might from a lively fancy have derived at the prospect of such a change of scene, was damped by the idea of leaving him;—"oh, my father! (she said, bursting into tears), how can I leave you!"

"Equally affected as herself, and bitterly lamenting the cruel necessity which could alone have caused a separation, he clasped her to his bosom, and mingled tears with hers; in pity to his feelings, he besought


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 her to moderate hers; to consider the tranquillity he should enjoy from having her under such protection. He told her in a few months, if it pleased heaven, they would again meet, as the Countess then intended to return to Paris, and had promised in her way to it to make some stay at his cottage.

Madeline, comforted by those words, wiped away her tears, and said, she would try to compose herself. Clermont then took a small picture, plainly set, from his pocket; "I know (said he), your tenderness will be gratified by this present; accept therefore, my dear Madeline (putting it into her hand) the copy of what your father was when his cheek was unfaded by age or care, his spirit unbroken by disappointment."

Madeline had never before seen this picture, she received it with transport; though from its being done at a very early period, she could now scarcely trace any resemblance in it to her father.


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 The Countess now entered the parlour with a countenance open as day, and irradiated with the sunshine of good-humour:—"Well (cried she to Clermont), have you told our young friend that I mean to run away with her?"

"Yes (replied he), and she has no objection to the measure, but what proceeds from her reluctance at leaving me."

"If she did not feel that reluctance, (said the Countess), she would be lessened in my esteem; but while I admire, it will be my study to remove it."

"I am convinced it will," said Clermont.

"And I, madam, (said Madeline), am truly sensible of your goodness; I feel it at my heart; and it will be the height of my ambition to merit it: oh, what joy should I derive from it, but for quitting my father!"—A tear, in spite of her efforts to restrain it, trickled down her cheek; but she hastily wiped it away, and seated herself at the table, to which Clermont handed Madame. The emotions of Madeline prevented her


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 eating and she lingered over the breakfast things, long after her attendance was necessary, till the Countess, looking at her watch, begged she would pack up whatever she wanted to take along with her, as she expected the carriage every moment, and was anxious to begin her journey that it might be terminated at an early hour, the roads about the chateau being very lonesome.

Madeline immediately rose and repaired to Jaqueline to obtain her assistance, and inform her she was going.—"Alack a day, it was an unlucky hour which brought those strangers to our cottage! (cried the good-natured Jaqueline); here they have come to disturb our happiness and comfort, and leave me and my poor master like two solitary hermits: we never more shall have any pleasant music! never more any midnight serenades, or dancing on the lawn—no, no! Claude and Josephe will never more come about the house with their flutes when you have left it;—poor lads! often and often


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 have I scoffed at them for doing so, and said they might as well pipe to the kids on the mountains as to you, who was a lady born, I was sure. And then, Mam'selle, if the Chevalier de Sevignie should ever re-visit the cottage, how sadly he'll be disappointed at finding you gone; for I'll never believe but what he was deeply in love with you; what else could have kept him in the valley so long after he was recovered, or make him come loitering about the cottage as I discovered him one morning?"

Jaqueline had now touched a chord which could not bear vibration. Madeline from being pale, turned red, and then pale again; and, hastening up stairs, desired Jaqueline to follow her directly, Jaqueline obeyed; and Madeline, too much agitated to do much for herself, gave her the things to pack up which she wanted to take with her; then leaning pensively against a window which commanded a view of the castle, "I am going then, (said she to herself); going, I


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 may say, into a new world, without really knowing the family to which I belong,—the mother from which I sprung, or one circumstance about her: but why do I indulge this restless curiosity? oh, let me try to repress it, as well from the resolution of last night, as from the conviction, that could the knowledge I desire add to my happiness, it would not be kept from me:—never, therefore, may my rashness again attempt to raise the veil which prudence as well as tenderness, I must believe, has cast over past events."

"Well, Mam'selle (cried Jaqueline), your things are now packed, but heaven knows most unwillingly. Is there no way by which you could avoid going?"

"No, (replied Madeline), for my father wishes me to go, happy to have me under the protection of a lady who is as good as she is great."

"She may be very good indeed (said Jaqueline); but that's more than her attendants are, I fancy; I don't like them at all,


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 they did so titter at me last night when I went to the study with their supper, though I am sure I paid my compliments to them very handsomely: Lord they think, because they have been in Paris, that no body but themselves knows any thing of good-breeding."

Madeline now descended to the parlour; and in a few minutes after the coach appeared. She trembled and wept, and the fortitude of Clermont almost forsook him; he blessed, he embraced her with unutterable tenderness; he put her hand into the Countess's, and said he committed to her charge his only earthly happiness,—the only treasure he had preserved from the wreck of felicity,—his sole friend, almost his sole companion, for fifteen years.

The Countess, convinced that to delay would rather increase than diminish the emotions of both, hastened to the carriage,


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 The Countess, convinced that to delay would rather increase than diminish the emotions of both, hastened to the carriage, led by Clermont, and followed by Madeline, her attendants, and the weeping Jaqueline.

"I shall certainly break my heart (cried the latter as she walked by Madeline), and this great lady will have my death to answer for: Lord send she mayn't have any more sins upon her conscience; they say those Paris folks are sometimes very wicked."

Madeline cast her pensive eyes alternately on her father, his cottage, and the lovely prospect surrounding it: "oh, dear preceptor of my youth! oh, solitary scenes of early infancy! (she cried to herself) how gladly would I resign all the pleasure which, perhaps, awaits my entrance into another situation, to continue the companion of one,—the peaceful inmate of the other!"

More dejected than words can express, she entered the coach, whose swiftness


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 soon made her lose sight of her father; but while one glimpse of his habitation could be seen, she did not turn her eyes from it; and when a winding of the valley hid it from her view, she again sighed, and implored the protection of heaven for its beloved owner.


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CHAP. V.

soothing attentions of the Countess de Merville at length abated the grief of Madeline; she gradually revived and began to converse and admire the new and beautiful scenes, through which she passed. In the course of conversation she learned that her amiable friend was a widow, and had one only child, a daughter, married about three years to a Monsieur D'Alembert, who generally resided in Paris; in which place the Countess had also lived for that period,


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Copyright, 1918, by The New York Times Company.

Special Cable to.

LONDON, Nov. 9.—Official news of the Kaiser's abdication reached London today as dusk was falling, when great crowds were wending their way homeward after seeing the Lord Mayor's show. Londoners may let themselves go later, but today, though the spectacle witnessed by millions was one well calculated to arouse enthusiasm, the crowds maintained that curiously quiet, restrained demeanor which is astonishing everybody at this moment of triumph.

Such applause as was indulged in was for the contingents of the Allies which took part in the Lord Mayor's procession, and particularly for the American flying men who, headed by the Stars and Stripes, marched along the historic route by which the incoming Lord Mayor proceeds from the Guildhall to the Royal Courts of Justice, to take the oath of office, and back to the Guildhall.

The Americans enjoyed the warmest greeting given to any feature of the parade, notwithstanding the fact that it comprised many making a strong appeal to the national spirit. It was a war show rather than a civic function. A number of captured German guns gave a note of victory. And the sense of victory in the air was reflected in the remarks of the crowds and in the myriad of cheerful faces.

Great airplanes moved majestically across the sky, flying so low at times that one could almost distinguish their crews, and squadrons of fighting machines performed a series of battle evolutions in the higher air, while baby scouts, dolphins, and other aircraft, at altitudes so great that they seemed like small birds, performed a veritable dance of joy, looping the loop, nose diving and tail diving, and doing all sorts of stunts as if in sheet delight at the conquest of the air.

The spectacle presented by the flying men for hours without cessation was wonderful, particularly that of the battle fleet of three squadrons. London had seen nothing quite so impressive since that midday of July 7, 1917, when German airplanes, dropping bombs, paraded their destructive superiority in the gaze of citizens too astonished to be afraid.

While Lloyd George was speaking at Guildhall, London's streets remained darkened but thronged as usual by Saturday night crowds, unusually articulate. The Kaiser's abdication was speedily known throughout the central parts of London. Laughter and jests were heard in the darkness, but nothing in the remotest degree resembling Mafeking Night. The theatres were packed to capacity, and public houses, where no spirits and only much diluted beer was obtainable, had queues. Many observers testified that they had not seen a single intoxicated man in the streets today.

Sir Eric Geddes's remarkable statement about the German fleet a fortnight ago being ordered out to battle to cast a last die of fortune, and the refusal of the men to commit suicide, aroused cheers at Guildhall, cheers which were repeated when the First Lord referred to the co-operation of the American Navy with the British in the task of making the victory certain. Geddes's tribute to sea power as decisive of the world's destinies was appreciated by the audience, whose well-being before the war had depended upon that freedom of the seas which the British Navy insured in peace times and whose national existence had been safeguarded by that same navy in time of war.

When the Lord Mayor proposed "His Majesty's Ministers," Lloyd George rose and said:

"I have no news for you."

There was loud laughter at the joke, for everybody knew what the Premier meant by news on the day when the Kaiser's abdication was a matter of common knowledge.

An armistice is not yet certain, but, as Mr. George said, the issue is settled.

The cities of Germany, marked by black oblongs, are those in which the revolutionary movement has obtained partial or complete control. In addition to those thus designated, Chemnitz, Cassel, Aix-la-Chapelle, Nuremberg, Munster, Düsseldorf, Karlsruhe, and Mannheim have gone over to the Reds, according to advices received after the preparation of the map.

Württemberg's King has abdicated, and the King of Saxony is reported to be on the verge of doing so, as well as the King of Bavaria, following the outbreak in Munich last week. The Duke of Brunswick has likewise abdicated, together with his heir.

The heavy black line at the left marks the advancing battlefront of the allied armies.

The map also shows De Steeg, Holland, the ex-Kaiser's reported destination.

At the time of their greatest advance in 1914, the Germans held approximately 12,000 square miles of French territory.

Today, so far as may be calculated from the fragmentary data of their rapid retreat, they are in possession of only about 2,400 square miles of French soil.

ceived here. The majority of these were officers.

Copyright, 1918, by The New York Times Company.

Special Cable to.

COPENHAGEN, Nov. 8.—Specials to the Koebenhavn report events in Schleswig-Holstein: The cruiser schoolship Schlesien arrived at the Danish town of Marstal on the Island of Aeror, a fugitive from the red fleet, but pretending to lack fresh water. Two warships from the rebellion are watching the ship, evidently wanting to catch it. But the crew prefer to stay at Marstal.

From Toender it is reported that soldiers have taken possession of arms and ammunition. Similar reports come from Rensburg, Eckernfoerde, Flensborg, Aavenran, Soenderborg and HAderslev, where the railway stations, and from Sonderborg, where the marine station is in their power.

Flensborg reports say that the Captain of the Koenig was shot on board his warship when trying to hoist the German war flag.

According to an official Danish communication the Danish cruiser Geyser is stationed at Koldingfjord and the cuiser Heimdal is off Fasborg. The guards at the frontier of Schleswig have been strengthened.

Ships guarding the mine fields in the Baltic and south of the Danish Islands have been withdrawn. Sailors forced their officers to obedience and hoisted the red flag.

COPENHAGEN, Nov. 10, (Associated Press.)—Another attempt on the life of Prince Henry of Prussia has been made at Flensburg, where he was in seclusion in a villa. The result of the attempt is not known, but it is believed that he escaped.

Prince Henry, brother of the former Emperor, was attacked by marines while fleeing from Kiel in an automobile flying a red flag on Wednesday last. A dozen shots were fired at him, and his chauffeur was wounded.

Special Cable to.

LONDON, Nov. 10.—The Daily News's parliamentary correspondent writes that one fact has become known to the authorities here as to the origin of the Kiel revolt.

"According to our information," he writes, "it was the return of the U-boats, bringing with them the terrible news of submarine losses hitherto craftily concealed from the fleet and the German people, which stirred the sailors to revolt. Phantom U-boats which did not return becasue they were at the bottom of the sea have been reckoned as a fleet in being, and the cynicism and decit of the high command was its own Némesis. With the war lost, it was a torch to a powder barrel.

"The last adventure, it may be, of the German high seas fleet, in setting out to sea, is considered at the moment of writing to be susceptible of more explanations than one. If this were done at the instance of the German Government—for the officers must be on board if the fleet is sailing—then the story of the U-boats following to attack it would imply that the U-boats were manned by mutineers."

firm the Kaiser's flight, there is a divergence relative to the identity and number of his companions.

A Copenhagen dispatch to Reuter says that it is semi-officially reported in Berlin that the Emperor, accompanied by ten men, has arrived at Arnheim and occupied Count von Bentick's château.

The German Consol from Maastricht arrived soon after 8 o'clock. Dutch railway officials soon made their appearance and mnay of the inhabitants came to the station attracted by curiosity.

A dispatch to the Exchange Telegraph Company from Copenhagen quotes the Politiken as saying that when the ex-Kaiser arrived at Maastricht he was accompanied by the former Empress.

WASHINGTON, Nov. 10—The War Department authorizes the publication of the following dispatch to the General Staff from The Hague, dated Nov. 10:

"Press reports state that the Kaiser arrived this morning in Maastricht, Holland, and is proceeding to Middachten Castle, in the town of De Steeg, near Utrecht."

De Steeg is on the Guelders Yssel, an arm of the Rhine River, about forty miles east of Utrecht and twelve miles from the German border.

The Château Middachten, to which the former Emperor is reported to be proceeding, belongs to Count William Frederick Charles Henry von Bentinck. He is a member of the Prussian Guards, and before the war was attaché of the German Embassy in London, and a member of the English Turf and Royal Automobile Clubs. He is 38 years old. He belongs to the famous Anglo-Dutch-German house of Bentinck, the Continental branch of the family of the Duke of Portland. Middachten Castle dates back to the year 1697.

ROME, Nov. 9.—News of the German Emperor's abdication was received here with great satisfaction and is accepted as an indication that Germany will sign the armistice imposed by the Allies, which, it is contended, could not have been done so long as the Emperor remained in power.

A Deputy who has just returned from the liberated Italian provinces said today: "The German Emperor's abdication is a sign that Germany has at last awakened to the fact that she has been beaten on all fronts and that she has been deceived all along by the military party. The German people themselves have forced their idol to abdicate. That is the end of military autocracy and the birth of democracy in Germany."

STOCKHOLM, Nov. 10.—After the abdication, Prince Adalbert, third son of the former Kaiser, sought refuge on his yacht, the crew of which remains loyal. His wife, Princess Adelheld, and the children, are leaving Kiel by rail.

Prince Henry of Prussia, and his consort seem to be hiding near the Danish frontier awaiting a chance of crossing. Prince Henry had a narrow escape from death during his flight from Kiel, in a motor car, a bullet entering his sleeve, while the Princess was shot above the elbow.

COPENHAGEN, Nov. 10.—According to a frontier message, Princess Heinrich, wife of the grandson of Ludwig III. of Bavaria, was wounded in the arm when fired upon as she was fleeing from Munich.

She and her husband are now hiding in Southern Bavaria with Princess Adelheld, wife of Prince Adalbert, Emperor William's third son.

AMSTERDAM, Nov. 10.—Advices from Munich state that the King of Bavaria with his daughters and his son, Crown Prince Rupprecht, departed in motor cars Thursday night for an unknown destination. The Soldiers' and Workmen's Councils occupy the royal residences. Later it was said the King returned to the castle to take away the Queen, who was ill, from the excited city.

Copyright, 1918, by The New York Times Company.

Special Cable to.

STOCKHOLM, Nov. 10.—The few travelers who succeeded in crossing the German frontier to North Jutland all confirm that splendid order of things in North Germany after the great revolution. The abdication of the Kaiser has not created so much of a sensation as might have been expected, as his power had already gone.

As typical of the interest of the German people, a correspondent of Koebenhaven states that when he carried the news to a German sentry on the Danish boundary, the latter preferred to discuss food prices in Denmark. The same sentry states that his patrol had settled the question of command by telling their Lieutenant in charge they would stand no more of his cheek.

The German eagle has been picked off all Prussian helmets and military decorations. Anybody who refuses to remove the eagle risks being shot. In all Government offices pictures of the Kaiser and Ludendorff have been removed, whereas those of Hindenburg have been allowed to remain.

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 for the purpose of enjoying her daughter's company:—"but at length, weary of the dissipation that prevails there (said she), and in which I was sometimes obliged unavoidably to join, I found myself under the necessity of giving up my daughter's society for a time, in order to recruit myself by country air and retirement."

They stopped, in the meridian of the day, at a small house on the borders of an extensive forest through which they were to pass, to procure some refreshment, and rest the horses. The room in which the Countess and Madeline dined looked into the forest; and the cool shade which the trees cast upon the windows, rendered it delightful after the intense heat they had been exposed to whilst travelling. At some distance, proudly rising above the trees, appeared the antique towers of a castle.

"What a gloomy residence must that be, madam," said Madeline pointing to it."


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 "Gloomy indeed," replied the Countess.

"Ah, my ladies, (cried their host, who was attending them, an old grey-headed man), I remember the time (with a melancholy shake of his head) when that castle, notwithstanding its situation in the forest, was neither sad nor gloomy, but one of the gayest mansions in France."

"And what occasioned an alteration in it?" said Madeline, after waiting a minute to try if the Countess would ask the question.

"Death, my Lady,—death, that pays no regard to rank or riches. The Count de Montmorenci, (continued the old man, advancing a few steps nearer to Madeline), the lord of that castle, had an only son, one of the finest youths perhaps that ever was seen,—the admiration of the rich, the comfort of the poor, the pride and darling of his parents; this beloved son was murdered about seventeen years ago upon the Alps, and ever since that period the Count has never held up his head. To complete his misery, the Countess, on whom he doted, died in two days


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 after she heard the fate of her son; and poor gentleman, from that time to the present, he has led a wretched and unsettled life, wandering about from one seat to another, (for he has many in France) as if he hoped change of scene could give him comfort;—alas! nothing in this world can do so. He has now been two years absent from Montmorenci Castle; we therefore expect him soon at it. While he is away, 'tis always locked up: and from his frequent absences, and the neglect shown to every thing when in it, 'tis become, both within and without, quite an altered place. The only pleasure he has experienced since his son's death, has been in doing what he thought would show respect and honour to his memory: he has had a fine monument erected for him in the chapel of Montmorenci Castle; and on the left side of it, at a good distance, you may see, my lady, (approaching the window, and pointing out the spot to Madeline), rising above a thick clump of trees, the top of a


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 monumental pillar, which he placed there to his memory."

"Yes, (said Madeline) I see it; there appears to me an urn upon it."

"You are right, my lady, there is an urn ornamented with a wreath of laurel, withered ere half blown. Some people say that the Count in his youth, (resumed the old man), committed actions which deserved the chastisement of heaven. For my part, I say nothing; when a man is in sorrow, his faults should be forgotten."

"Not always, my friend, (said the Countess, who had hitherto sat silently listening to the conversation); I agree with you, a man should not be reproached for them when in trouble; but they should be remembered to prove the justice of Providence in sending that trouble, and that, sooner or later, he will punish the evil doer."

"Very true, very true," cried her host, bowing to the ground.


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 The Countess was now informed her carriage was ready, and she lost no time in re-entering it: it passed within a few yards of Montmorenci Castle; and through the bars of the massy iron gate which opened into its spacious court, Madeline beheld that court strewed with fragments of the building, o'er which the high grass waved in rank luxuriance. "The pride, the glory of the family belonging to that castle (said the Countess, bending forward to look at it), is gone for ever; dazzling was its splendour, but rapid its decline: greatness unsupported by goodness can never be durable."

"You think then, madam, (cried Madeline), that the Count really merited his afflictions."

Tis an unpleasant subject, my dear, (said the Countess) we will change it"; 'twas accordingly dropped.

About sun-set they reached the chateau, which the Countess de Merville possessed in right of her father; it was built at a very


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 distant period, and its architecture was rude in the extreme; for the pride of its possessors would not permit the smallest polish or improvement, considering its rudeness an honourable date of their own antiquity. Time, however, had been less sparing, and marked it in many places with visible decay; some of the windows were dismantled from the failure of the stone work, and many of its battlements had mouldered away: it stood upon an elevated lawn, sequestered in the bosom of an extensive wood, whose mighty shades appeared coeval with itself: on one side a narrow stream crept from a little shrubby hill with sluggish murmurs through the brushwood, expanding by degrees, till it formed a spacious lake, whose rising banks were covered with a profusion of fragrant and flowering shrubs; the myrtle, the laurestine, the flexile osier, and the weeping willow here intermingled their beauties, and fantastically fringed its margin; while on its bosom lay a few small islands of variegated verdure, the haunts of lonely and aquatic


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 fowl, whose melancholy cries heightened the natural solemnity of the evening hour. Behind the chateau lay its old fashioned gardens, full of fountains, labyrinths, bowers, and mutilated statues; and above them, bounding the horizon, were seen the towering Alps, those gigantic sons of creation, to whom compared, the proudest monuments of art are as insignificant as the ray of the glow-worm to the solar blaze. The gardens were terminated by a narrow valley, to which there was a descent by steps cut in the sod: it lay between stupendous mountains, whose summits, at a distance, appeared tinged with blue vapour, and proudly reaching to the clouds; and in it stood the remains of a religious house, built and endowed by an ancestor of the Countess, many years prior to the erection of the castle, and at which this period had been long uninhabited in consequence of its decay; it still however continued to be the Countess's place of worship; hither, whenever she resided at the chateau, she was wont to retire at the close of day,


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 and pass an hour in prayer and solemn meditation; and here a priest (belonging to the community that had once inhabited it, and for whom her father had procured another habitation) officiated at stated periods. The chapel was still in tolerable preservation; but all beside, except a flight of stairs that led to the dormitory above, was in irreparable decay. The numerous religious devices and heavy gothic windows of the chapel, were of themselves almost sufficient to have inspired a holy awe: relics of saints and departed warriors covered great part of the walls; and banners presented by knights crusaders on their return from the Holy Land, as grateful offerings to heaven for its protecting care, still hung from some of the pillars, waving, as if in sullen dignity, o'er the sculptured marble that covered their remains. For religious retirement, no place could have been better adapted than the valley; its towering mountains excluded every prospect that could have allured the heart to wish to stray beyond it; and the gloom of the


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 hanging woods invited to meditation, which there was no sounds to interrupt, except the dashing of distant waterfalls, and the cawing of rooks: a thick mantle of grass covered the valley, and here the thistle shook its lonely head, and the moss that crept over the buttresses of the monastery whistled to the wind. This building communicated with the castle by means of a subterraneous passage, now never used on account of its vicinity to the burying vaults.

The vast magnitude and decaying grandeur of the chateau, impressed Madeline with surprise and melancholy; which were almost heightened to awe and veneration on entering a gloomy-vaulted hall of immense size, with small arched windows, and supported by stone arches, ornamented with rude sculpture, and hung with rusty coats of armour; while against the walls the ancient implements of war were placed in curious devices of suns, moons, and stars. At one


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 end of the hall was the picture of the founder of the castle, and at the other the grand stair-case, whose sides were covered with historical pictures reaching to the ceiling.

The old domestics of the chateau were here assembled to welcome the return of their lady; and their delight at seeing her was a convincing proof, if such a one had been wanting, of her goodness. She addressed them all kindly and severally, nor betrayed the least impatience at their tedious enquiries. She then led Madeline into a large parlour, where she embraced and welcomed her to the chateau, which she desired her in future to consider as her home. Coffee was immediately brought in, and the house-keeper soon after followed; presuming on her superiority over the rest of the servants, she had come in to hear and relate all that had happened since her lady's departure; she was a little woman, almost double with age, and neat even to preciseness. The Countess, who esteemed her from


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 her long residence in the family, and her fidelity, made her take a cup of coffee, and sit down.

"Well, madame (said the little creature, while her eyes twinkled with pleasure at the kindness of her lady), has my young lady yet given an heir to Monsieur D'Alembert?"

"No," replied the Countess.

"Dear heart! I am sorry for that; I had hoped by this time to have heard there was a grandson born to my beloved lady." She then proceeded to mention her pleasure at the Countess's having procured such a companion as Madeline, one who would prevent her missing her daughter as much as she had formerly done.

The Countess sighed at these words; and a shade of melancholy for a few minutes obscured her countenance. The eyes of Madeline, meanwhile, were busily employed examining the apartment; many things within it excited her surprise and curiosity;


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 and scarcely could she keep herself from asking a number of questions about what she saw. While the Countess and Agatha were talking over family matters, she retired to a window which commanded a beautiful prospect of the lake, now glittering with the beams of a setting sun: the scene recalled to her mind the manner in which she had been situated the preceding evening; and the sigh of involuntary regret mingled with the pleasures of recollection.

With her father she had then viewed the retiring glories of the sun from the little lawn before their cottage;—glories which he had likened to those that attend the departure of the virtuous—calm, awful, and lovely: together they had enjoyed the fresh breeze which played around; and heard the soft voices of the peasant girls chanting the evening service to the Virgin, in which they joined, elevating their hearts like their eyes to that heaven whose goodness they experienced. Enraptured with the scene, they


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 thought not of returning to the house; but continued to watch the moon gradually breaking through the fleecy clouds, mellowing the extensive landscape, and casting long tracts of radiance aslant the trembling waves; while the owl, from his ivy-mantled bower, hailed her with notes of sadness, and the young cottagers came forth to dance beneath her beams. "Oh, my father! (cried Madeline to herself) if I did not think such evenings would return, how wretched would be now the heart of your child!"

As she leaned pensively against the window, she was suddenly roused by lively music from the wood; and immediately after, saw a troop of rustics emerging from it, dressed in their holiday clothes, and adorned with large bouquets of the gayest spring flowers. Those were the Countess's tenants come to celebrate her arrival. She directly went forth to meet them, followed by Madeline, who derived unspeakable pleasure from such a sight. They all eagerly crowded round their


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 beloved mistress, each anxious to be first noticed; some weeping for joy, and others blessing heaven for permitting them again to behold her face. Affected by those proofs of love and gratitude, the heart of the Countess swelled with sensibility, and a tear rolled down her cheek: oh, how delightful! how different her sensations from those experienced by the selfish beings who neither feel nor interest themselves about the welfare of others; but, like the haughty tyrant, seated

close their eyes upon the distresses of mankind, because elevated above them; and say within themselves, let not

After conversing some time with the peasants, the Countess returned to the parlour; from whence she and Madeline watched them resuming the dance, and partaking of


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 refreshments laid out for them on large tables about the lawn. The gaiety of the scene somewhat amused, but could not entirely remove the dejection of Madeline's heart; her father, sad and solitary in his cottage, was present to her view: and she sighed almost unknowing to herself. The Countess perceived her dejection, and loved her the better for it, as she knew the amiable source from which it proceeded: she tried, however, to beguile it by her conversation; and related a number of pleasant anecdotes; described the different places she had seen; and gave a particular account of Paris, its customs, and diversions.

Subjects so new to Madeline could not fail to amuse and interest her; and she expressed her pleasure in the liveliest manner.

"Yet this charming place (said the Countess, alluding to what Madeline had said on hearing Paris described), I should never visit


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 but on my daughter's account. At my time of life, its gaieties begin to tire: besides, I love retirement, particularly the retirement of this chateau; I venerate its woods; they were planted by my forefathers; and if ever departed spirits are permitted to review this world, their spirits I think sometimes revisit them. Often, at the solemn hour of twilight, have I fancied their voices mingled in the gale which sighed among the trees: such fancies, perhaps, you'll say are weaknesses; the generality of mankind would consider them so; but they rather strengthen than enervate my mind: they are more soothing to it than language can express; they calm, they refine, they almost exalt it above mortality, and gradually prepare it for that hour which, in the course of nature, I may soon expect. But think not, my love (continued she, on seeing a gloom again stealing over the countenance of Madeline), that you are come to live with a dismal recluse; no,—I love innocent and rational


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 society, and shall continue to do so, while I have health or spirits to enjoy it."

In this manner they continued to converse, till supper was announced in another room. Hitherto a stranger to any thing like luxury or splendour, Madeline was astonished on entering it at the elegance and grandeur exhibited to her view; for the Countess, though of the most domestic turn, still kept up that state her high rank and fortune entitled her to. She gazed alternately at the table, the attendants, and the massy plate which covered the side-board; and began to fear she should make but an awkward figure in a situation so very different from her former one.

Fatigued by her journey, the Countess soon after supper proposed retiring to rest; a proposal extremely agreeable to Madeline, whose spirits still felt agitated. The Countess conducted her to her chamber, which was near her own, and at the end of a long


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 gallery that overlooked the hall; here they parted; but a servant remained, who offered to assist Madeline in undressing; an offer which she, never accustomed to such attendance, refused; and, feeling a restraint in her presence, dismissed her; yet scarcely had she done so, ere she felt an uneasy sensation, something like fear, stealing over her mind as she looked round her spacious and gloomy apartment; nor could she prevent herself from starting as the tapestry, which represented a number of grotesque and frightful figures, agitated by the wind that whistled through the crevices, every now and then swelled from the walls. She sat down near the door, wishing herself again in her own little chamber, and attentively listening for a passing step that she might desire the servant she had dismissed to be recalled; but all was profoundly still, and continued so; and at length she recollected herself, blushed for the weakness she had betrayed; and, recommending herself to the protection of heaven, retired to bed, where she soon forgot


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 her cares and fears. She awoke in the morning with renovated spirits; and, impatient to gratify her curiosity by examining the contents of the chamber, instantly rose: the furniture was rich but old-fashioned; and as she looked over the great presses and curious inlaid cabinets, she thought indeed she must have not only a great fortune, but great vanity if she could ever fill them. Thus employed, she forgot the progress of time, till one of the Countess's women appeared to know if she was ready for breakfast, as her lady waited. She immediately descended to the parlour, where she was received with the utmost kindness.

Breakfast over, she wrote a long letter to her father, and was then amused by looking over the chateau. In the course of a week she received an answer from her father; and the pleasure he expressed at her situation, joined to the unremitting attentions of the Countess, entirely restored her spirits. Every day raised her benevolent friend still higher


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 in her estimation, and love and esteem were soon united to gratitude and respect.

The Countess determined not to receive any visitors, nor if possible let her arrival at the chateau be known, till she had recovered from the fatigue occasioned by the dissipations of Paris. But the total retirement in which she at present lived, neither tired nor depressed Madeline; with the Countess, it was, indeed, impossible to experience any dullness; she had received and profited by all the advantages of a liberal education; and her almost constant intercourse with the great world, contributed, as well as her knowledge of books, to render her conversation entertaining and instructive. But not alone by her conversation did she try to enliven their solitude; she varied it by excursions about the domain and to the most romantic places in its neighbourhood.

She also diversified it, by seeing carried into execution a number of benevolent


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 schemes for her poor tenants: she went amongst them herself to see if they had every thing requisite for comfort; and whether their children were taught to reverence the power that gave them being; she loved to watch their labours, and encourage industry by reward. Madeline, who always attended her in her rambles, beheld with the most exquisite delight the cheek of youth dimpling into smiles at her approach, and the eye of age glittering with tears; while she seemed to tread in air, and her cheek, warmed by the glow of benevolence, again displayed a colour that might have rivalled the brightest bloom of youth. Next to these, the most delightful of the hours passed by the Countess and Madeline, were those in which they rambled through the wild wood walks of the forest; at that time of day when all the


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 Leather-stocking darting into the thronging hosts that were rushing beneath her, where it would seem that a blow could not go amiss; and where, as her father had already said, the prize that would be obtained was worthy of the notice of any epicure. But Natty had his peculiar habits; and, it would seem, his peculiar tastes also. His tall stature, and his erect posture, enabled him to see much further than those who, from motives of safety, were seated in the bottom of the canoe; and he turned his head warily, in every direction, frequently bending his body forward, and straining his vision, as if desirous of penetrating the darkness in the water, that surrounded their boundary of light. At length his anxious scrutiny was rewarded with success, and, waving his spear from the shore, he said, in a cautious tone—

"Send her outside the bass, John; I see a laker there, that has run out of the school. It's sildom one finds such a creater in the shallow waters, where a spear can touch it."

Mohegan gave a wave of assent with his hand, and in the next instant the canoe was without the "run of the bass," and in water of nearly twenty feet in depth. A few additional knots were laid on the grating;, and the light from the fire made to reach the bottom. Elizabeth then saw a fish of unusual size, floating above the small pieces of logs and sticks that were lying on the bottom. The animal was only distinguishable, at that distance, by a slight, but almost imperceptible motion of its fins and tail. The curiosity excited by this unusual exposure of the secrets of the lake, seemed to be mutual between the heiress of the land and the lord of these waters, for the "salmon-trout" soon announced his interest by raising his head and body, for a few degrees above a

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 horizontal line, and then dropping them again into the position of nature.

"Whist! whist!" said Natty, in a low voice, on hearing a slight sound made by Elizabeth, in bending over the side of the canoe, in eager curiosity; "'tis a sceary animal, and it's a far stroke for a spear. My handle is but fourteen foot, and the Greater lies at a good eighteen from the top of the water; but I'll try him, for he's a ten-pounder."

While speaking, the Leather-stocking was poising and directing his weapon. Elizabeth saw the bright, polished tines, as they slowly and silently entered the water, where the refraction pointed them many degrees from the true direction to the fish; and she thought that the intended victim saw them also, as he seemed to increase the play of his tail and fins, though without moving his station. At the next instant, the tall body of Natty bent to the water's edge, and the handle of his spear disappeared in the lake. The long, dark streak of the gliding weapon, and the little bubbling vortex, which followed its rapid flight, were easily to be seen; but it was not until the handle shot again high into the air, by its own re-action, and its master, catching it in his hand, threw its tines uppermost, that Elizabeth was acquainted with the success of the blow. A fish of great size was transfixed by the barbed steel, and was very soon shaken from its impaled situation into the bottom of the canoe.

"That will do, John," said Natty, raising his prize by one of his fingers, and exhibiting it be fore the torch; "enough is as good as a feast; I shall not strike another blow to-night."

The Indian again waved his hand, and replied with the simple and energetic monosyllable of,—

"Good."

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2 Sometimes small gestures can have unexpected consequences. Major initiatives practically guarantee them. In our time, few pieces of federal legislation rank in significance with the Civil Rights Act of 1964. There, in Title VII, Congress outlawed discrimination in the workplace on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin. Today, we must decide whether an employer can fire someone simply for being homosexual or transgender. The answer is clear. An employer who fires an individual for being homosexual or transgender fires that person for traits or actions it would not have questioned in members of a different sex. Sex plays a necessary and undisguisable role in the decision, exactly what Title VII forbids.

Those who adopted the Civil Rights Act might not have anticipated their work would lead to this particular result. Likely, they weren’t thinking about many of the Act’s consequences that have become apparent over the years, including its prohibition against discrimination on the basis of motherhood or its ban on the sexual harassment of male employees. But the limits of the drafters’ imagination supply no reason to ignore the law’s demands. When the express terms of a statute give us one answer and extratextual considerations suggest another, it’s no contest. Only the written word is the law, and all persons are entitled to its benefit.

Few facts are needed to appreciate the legal question we face. Each of the three cases before us started the same way: An employer fired a long-time employee shortly after the employee revealed that he or she is homosexual or transgender—and allegedly for no reason other than the employee’s homosexuality or transgender status.

Gerald Bostock worked for Clayton County, Georgia, as a child welfare advocate. Under his leadership, the county won national awards for its work. After a decade with the


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 Elizabeth was awakened from the trance, created by this scene, and by gazing in that unusual manner at the bottom of the lake, by the hoarse sounds of Benjamin's voice, and the dashing of oars, as the heavier boat of the seine-drawers approached the spot where the canoe lay, dragging after its toilsome way, the folds of the net, which was already spreading on the water.

"Haul off, haul off Master Bumppo," cried Benjamin; "your top-light frightens the fish, who see the net and sheer off soundings. A fish knows as much as a horse, or, for that matter, more, seeing that it's brought up on the water. Haul off, Master Bumppo, haul off, I say, and give a wide birth to the seine."

Mohegan guided their little canoe to a point where the movements of the fishermen could be observed, without interruption to the business, and then suffered it to lie quietly on the water, looking like an imaginary vessel floating in the air. There appeared to be much ill-humour among the party in the batteau, for the directions of Benjamin were not only frequent, but issued in a voice that partook largely of the tones of dissatisfaction.

"Pull larboard oar, will ye, Master Kirby," cried the old seaman; "Pull larboard, best. It would puzzle the oldest admiral in the British fleet to cast this here net fair, with a wake like a corkscrew. Pull starboard, boy, pull starboard oar, with a will."

"Harkee, Mister Pump," said Kirby, ceasing to row, and speaking with some spirit; "I'm a man that likes civil language and decent treatment; such as is right 'twixt man and man. If you want us to go hoy, say so, and hoy I'll go, for the benefit of the company; but I'm not used to being ordered about like dumb cattle."

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 "Who's dumb cattle!" echoed Benjamin, fiercely, turning his forbidding face to the glare of the light from the canoe, and exhibiting every feature teeming with the expression of his disgust. "If you want to come aft and cun the boat round, come and be damned, and a pretty steerage you'll make of it too. There's but another heave of the net in the stern-sheets, and we're clear of the thing. Give way, will ye? and shoot her ahead for a fathom or two, and if you catch me afloat again with such a horsemarine as yourself, why rate me a ship's jackass, that's all."

Probably encouraged by the prospect of a speedy termination to his labour, the wood-chopper resumed his oar, and, under the strong excitement of his feelings, gave a stroke with it, that not only cleared the boat of the net, but of the steward, at the same instant, also. Benjamin had stood on the little platform that held the seine, in the stern of the boat, and the violent whirl occasioned by the vigour of the wood-chopper's arm, completely destroyed his balance. The position of the lights rendered objects in the batteau distinguishable, both from the canoe and the shore; and the heavy fall on the water drew all eyes to the steward, as he lay struggling, for a moment, in sight.

A loud burst of merriment, to which the lungs of Kirby contributed no small part, broke out like a chorus of laughter, and rung along the eastern mountain, in echoes, until it died away in distant, mocking mirth, among the rocks and woods. The body of the steward was seen slowly to disappear, as was expected; but when the light waves, which had been raised by his fall, begun to sink in calmness, and the water finally closed over his head, unbroken and still, a very different feeling pervaded the spectators.

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Rh county, Mr. Bostock began participating in a gay recreational softball league. Not long after that, influential members of the community allegedly made disparaging comments about Mr. Bostock’s sexual orientation and participation in the league. Soon, he was fired for conduct “unbecoming” a county employee.

Donald Zarda worked as a skydiving instructor at Altitude Express in New York. After several seasons with the company, Mr. Zarda mentioned that he was gay and, days later, was fired.

Aimee Stephens worked at R. G. & G. R. Harris Funeral Homes in Garden City, Michigan. When she got the job, Ms. Stephens presented as a male. But two years into her service with the company, she began treatment for despair and loneliness. Ultimately, clinicians diagnosed her with gender dysphoria and recommended that she begin living as a woman. In her sixth year with the company, Ms. Stephens wrote a letter to her employer explaining that she planned to “live and work full-time as a woman” after she returned from an upcoming vacation. The funeral home fired her before she left, telling her “this is not going to work out.”

While these cases began the same way, they ended differently. Each employee brought suit under Title VII alleging unlawful discrimination on the basis of sex. 78 Stat. 255, 42 U. S. C. §2000e–2(a)(1). In Mr. Bostock’s case, the Eleventh Circuit held that the law does not prohibit employers from firing employees for being gay and so his suit could be dismissed as a matter of law. 723 Fed. Appx. 964 (2018). Meanwhile, in Mr. Zarda’s case, the Second Circuit concluded that sexual orientation discrimination does violate Title VII and allowed his case to proceed. 883 F. 3d 100 (2018). Ms. Stephens’s case has a more complex procedural history, but in the end the Sixth Circuit reached a decision along the same lines as the Second Circuit’s, holding that Title VII bars employers from firing employees because of


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CLERMONT.

CHAP. I.

evening was far advanced when Madeline went upon the lawn. It was now the dusky hour of twilight, when the glow worm gan to light his pale and ineffectual fires" amongst the tangled thickets of the forest, and the vespers of the birds and the toils of the woodman had ceased. The beetle had now commenced its droning


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 flight, and the owlet her sad song from the ivy mantled turrets of the castle, intermingled, or rather lost at times, in the hoarse and melancholy cries of waterfowl returning to the little islands on the lake, across which came the hollow sound of a distant convent bell.

Madeline stood some minutes upon the lawn as if to enjoy sounds, which by suiting, soothed the dejection of her mind; but the kind of pleasing trance into which they lulled her, was of short continuance; all the perturbed thoughts which anxiety and attention about the Countess had, during the day, in some degree dissipated, soon returned with full power; and as she cast her eyes on the bleak and distant mountains, fancy, torturing fancy presented de Sevignie to her view, a sad and solitary wanderer about them. His head unsheltered, exposed to the unwholesome dews of night; his ideas unsettled, perhaps wandering after her, who like himself was a child of sorrow.


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 Wrapt in melancholy meditation, heedless almost whither or how far she went, she now wandered down a lonely and romantic path, which led along the margin of a lake to a stupendous mountain that terminated it: in this mountain were numerous cavities, some of which had been formed into agreeable summer retreats by the Count and Countess de Merville; the foremost of these was a spacious grotto, whose sides and roof were formed of rugged stone, ornamented by beautiful crystalline substances, which sparkled in the rays of the sun, that sometimes pierced through crevices in the roof like the finest brilliants; its floor consisted of smooth pebbles curiously inlaid, and its arched entrance was nearly overgrown by a thick foliage of ivy, whose dark green was enlivened by the bright tints of several wild flowers: while thick around the myrtle, the laurestine, and the arbutus, reared high their beauteous and fragrant heads, stretching their fantastic arms through its crevices: immediately above


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 Pride and Hughson, 377 and n. 4.

Prideaux, Ed., Advocate, 415, n. 2.

Prior, compared to Butler, Life, xix.

Priscian's head, 181 and n. 5; 182, n. 1.

Prisoners, Roman, chained to their gaolers, 288 and n. 2; sham examinations of, 365, n. 4.

Profligate, 109 and n. 2.

Proletarii, or low class of Roman people, 32, n. 4.

Promethean powder, 107 and n. 1.

Prophecies, fulfilling of the, 338 and n. 2.

Proserpine, 283.

Protestation, the, or solemn vow, 34; 63 and n. 1; 178 and n. 2

Providence, revolts of, 383 and n. 2.

Prynne. alluded to, 30. n. 1; 263, n. 2; 325, n. 2; 329, n. 1; his Histrio-mastix, 35, n. 6; sentenced to lose his ears, 91, n. 3; 366, n. 3.

Psalms, reading a verse from the, 271 and n. 1; alluded to, 341 and n. 1, 2.

Public Faith, 180 and n. 3, 4.

Pug-Robin, 317 and n. 2.

Puisne Judge, 415, n. 3.

Pull a crow, 193 and n. 2.

Pullen, 214 and n. 5.

Pulpit, news told in the, 405 and n. 2.

Punese, 284 and n. 1.

Puppet-shows, subjects of, 27 n. 4.

Puppies, remarkable, 138 and n. 4.

Purchas's Pilgrims, 48, n. 3, 4.

Puritans, custom of the, 3, n. 6; their doctrines, 79, n. 6.

Purses, mode of wearing, 70, n. 3.

Purtenance, 97 and n. 1.

Pygmalion, cut his mistress out of stone, 97 and n. 3.

Pym, John, 63, n. 4; 422, n. 4.

Pyrrhus, king of Epirus, cured his courtiers with a kick, 144 and n. 2.

Pythagoras, the Greek philosopher, music said to be invented by, 11, n. 4; philosophy of, 27, n. 2; on the music of the spheres, 159, n. 1; alluded to, 239 and n. 1; the soul of, 291.

Quack story from Menckenius, 228, n. 4.

Quacks of Government, 341 and n. 6.

Quakers, will not swear, 181 and n. 4.

Quatenus oath, 184.

Querpo, 401; meaning of the word, n. 2.

Questions and commands, game of, 304 and n. 4, 6.

Quiblet or Quillet, 421, n. 4.

Quint, 387; meaning of the word, 387, n. 1.

Quirks and quillets, 421 and n. 4.

Rabbins, their writings, 184 and n. 2; of the Synod, 194, n. 3.

Rabelais, alluded to, 10, n. 2.

Races, in Italy, 393, n. 1.

Raise, a favourite expression, 191 and n. 2.

Ralpho, his profession, 22; his gifts, 23; his learning, 25; condemns bear-baiting, 35; compares them to Synods, 36; reconnoitres the rabble, 46; encounters Colon, 74; is dismounted by Magnano, 74; takes Crowdero prisoner, 77; his speech on giving quarter, 80; his second expedition with Hudibras, 101; is assailed by Orsin, 102; encounters Cerdon, 104: encourages Hudibras, 104; assists him to remount, 106; is thrown from his horse, 107; demands assistance of Hudibras, 110; is made captive along with Hudibras, 117; is placed in the stocks, 118; blames the Knight's rashness, 120; reviles Synods, 121; his abuse of human learning, 131; proves perjury a less sin than flagellation, 175; maintains that saints are privileged to commit