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 believe anything whatever, unless good reason could be given for the adoption of the creed; and so in the seventeenth century our chains fell.

While purely experimental science made enormous advances after this great era, medicine by no means proceeded with equal stride.

With regard to the great discovery of Harvey, it may, indeed, be said that whether we regard pathology as shown us in the solids, or as it has advanced by the light of a revived and philosophic humoral pathology, it is only since the commencement of the nineteenth century that we have used our knowledge of the circulation to assist our progress.

Little was to be hoped from Harvey’s discovery while the medical profession was fully imbued with the spirit of Galen’s writings, when our books spoke of hot and cold remedies, and the cardinal qualities formed matter for grave consideration among the learned in physic; and this was the case long after Harvey’s death. Hippocrates had adopted a method of inquiry far too laborious to please when contrasted with the wild system of hasty generalisation practised by those who followed him; and this taken in connection with the


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 fact that the physical sciences can only assist medicine incidentally, and often most indirectly, not only explains the position of the art immediately after the time of Hippocrates, but through every following century. It must not be forgotten that we have only just ceased to intersperse our language with that which we now regard as little else than jargon. It is scarcely credible, but nevertheless it is the fact, that so lately as 1711 we find an English physician translating a medical book written long after the discoveries of Harvey had been published, in which the learned translator indulges recklessly in hypothesis. He tells us how he selected Sylvius and Willis as patterns—blaming the former, however, for referring all the corruptions of the humours to the vicious effervescences of the acids and alkalies, and regretting the error of the latter in his attempted explanation of convulsive affections, which are so probably accounted for by the prevalence of an acid, or, to use his own quaint diction, ‘some such grating substance for their cause.’

As to the author Avhose work he translates (the learned Etimüller of Leipsic), we find him endowing Ascarides with qualities indicating either a most

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 wondrous instinct or a profound acquaintance with astronomy. These worms, he says, observe the motions of the moon, and ought to be attacked when the moon is in the wane.

his was considered valuable matter by readers in 1711, for the work sold rapidly, and more than three editions were bought by the profession in a few years. If we now pass on from 1711 to a period nearly a century later, we find that the great discovery of Harvey had done but little for pathology, that it was still ‘a scheme too fine to be drawn into practice;’ but yet great advances were making, facts were being collected and arranged, and all attempts to generalise were met by the most critical scrutiny.

Though we are greatly indebted to our knowledge of the circulation of the blood for much that modern science has done for medicine, still we cannot but allow that pathology would have been enriched by a vast amount of discovery had we been ignorant of the fact up to the present day. The pathology of nervous diseases might have been developed, and the discoveries of Bright, intimately connected as they are with the subject of blood


text: Author:John Davy

title: Author:John Davy


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 hailed as a miracle and an omen, and its meaning is thus given to us by the learned Dr. Horst. This eminent physician explains the phenomenon by telling us that at the birth of the child the Sun Avas in conjunction with Saturn, at the sign of Aries; that the golden tooth was the herald of a golden age. The Doctor also says, the matter is clearly alluded to by Daniel, in his well-known second chapter, where the prophet speaks of a statue with a golden head. When things were thus, as years rolled on, sceptics and scoffers arose—rude men asking awkward questions, and some of these could be silenced by the frown of authority; but there were also, very fortunately, rude men of another kind—brave, bold men, who could not be frowned down—and all honour to them, for it is through them that we are free.

These men were considered Avicked and unbelieving, but they had something within them that nourished their strength, something which Avhispered to them through days of toil and nights of thought, that their mission was high, for truth was inscribed on their banner; and while on the one hand they modestly believed wellnigh all things possible, on the other boldly refused to


text: Author:George Mursell Garrett

title: Author:George Mursell Garrett


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 relation is intimate and important can scarcely be doubted. We require to determine that an especial characterise the nervous force, and distinguish it from all other forces with which we have to deal; and I would venture to suggest that chemistry promises something in this inquiry. Even in its general bearing, we observe very interesting material for reflection. I may here allude to the fact (mentioned on a former occasion within these walls), that the cerebro-spinal and sympathetic systems have their distribution so arranged that the cerebro-spinal branches terminate in acid fluid, whereas the sympathetic nerve is distributed over surfaces having an alka line reaction. I may add to this the striking fact, that the great sympathetic ganglia are strongly alkaline, while the brain and spinal marrow (and more especially the grey matter), if examined immediately after death, are scarcely neutral to test-paper, and become rapidly acid on exposure. I was enabled to establish these latter facts in the physiological laboratory of Guy’s Hospital, where the semilunar ganglia of a dog were dexterously obtained for me by my friend Dr. Pavy. I cannot but believe that great good would accrue, if those


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 who have the time and the taste for inquiry would apply chemistry carefully and minutely to a subject which is not only deeply interesting to us as pathologists, but which more especially recommends itself to the student by the mysterious beauty of its manifestations.

If we now pass on to consider the position of humoral pathology in the present day, we see at once how necessary a knowledge of the circulation has been to its advancement. Dependent as this branch of science is for its successful prosecution upon a combined knowledge of chemistry, physics, and practical medicine, but few competent labourers can be found in the field, while the importance of the inquiry far exceeds that which, as physicians, we ought to attach to any other branch of pathology. When reflecting on the morbid changes effected in the solids, whether they be such as to admit of detection by the unassisted eye, or to require the aid of that valuable, though in some hands dangerous instrument, the microscope; still, we are obliged, if we desire to advance but a single step, to revert to the probable changes in the fluids which have preceded and brought about the lesion. Trite as this remark may appear, I am


text: Author:Garret Colley Wesley

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 by the anterior roots of the spinal nerves, into the cervical portion of the sympathetic and into the splanchnic nerves.

In reflecting upon these very interesting manifestations of nervous force, we may be allowed to regret that we have not the advantage in the present day of applying the mind of a Harvey to the task of unravelling and developing, with the originality and boldness so necessary to the work, the nature and scope of the mysterious power transmitted by the nerves. We are checked, perchance, in dealing with this great subject, by the influence of some generally received but yet false notions, which the perspicacity of a Harvey might at once set aside, and with a mind thus freed from a weight of error, we might expect him to pass on to discovery with rapid steps. We know no more of the intimate nature of nervous force than our predecessors of the eighteenth century, and for my own part I would say, there appears but little hope of advancing our knowledge of the subject until the nervous system is regarded from other points of view than those from which it has been examined. The neglect of chemistry in its application to this subject is remarkable, and that its


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Duncan the Meek reigned king of Scotland, there lived a great thane, or lord, called Macbeth. This Macbeth was a near kinsman to the king, and in great esteem at court for his valour and conduct in the wars; an example of which he had lately given, in defeating a rebel army assisted by the troops of Norway in terrible numbers.

The two Scottish generals, Macbeth and Banquo, returning victorious from this great battle, their way lay over a blasted heath, where they were stopped by the strange appearance of three figures like women, except that they had beards, and their withered skins and wild attire made them look not like any earthly creatures. Macbeth first addressed them, when they, seemingly offended, laid each one her choppy finger upon her skinny lips, in token of silence; and the first of them saluted Macbeth with the title of thane of Glamis. The general was not a little startled to find himself known by such creatures; but how much more, when the second of them followed up that salute by giving him the title of thane of Cawdor, to which honour he had no pretensions; and again the third bid him 'All hail! king that shalt be hereafter!' Such a prophetic greeting might well amaze him, who knew that while the king's sons lived he could not hope to succeed to the throne. Then turning to Banquo, they pronounced him, in a sort of riddling terms, to be ''lesser than Macbeth and greater! not so happy, but much happier!'' and prophesied that though he should never reign, yet his sons after him should be kings in Scotland.


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text: Author:William Knapp

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text: Author:Ralph Harrison

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 They then turned into air, and vanished: by which the generals knew them to be the weird sisters, or witches.

While they stood pondering on the strangeness of this adventure, there arrived certain messengers from the king, who were empowered by him to confer upon Macbeth the dignity of thane of Cawdor: an event so miraculously corresponding with the prediction of the witches astonished Macbeth, and he stood wrapped in amazement, unable to make reply to the messengers; and in that point of time swelling hopes arose in his mind that the prediction of the third witch might in like manner have its accomplishment, and that he should one day reign king in Scotland.

Turning to Banquo, he said, "Do you not hope that your children shall be kings, when what the witches promised to me has so wonderfully come to pass?" "That hope," answered the general, "might enkindle you to aim at the throne; but oftentimes these ministers of darkness tell us truths in little things, to betray us into deeds of greatest consequence."

But the wicked suggestions of the witches had sunk too deep into the mind of Macbeth to allow him to attend to the warnings of the good Banquo. From that time he bent all his thoughts how to compass the throne of Scotland.

Macbeth had a wife, to whom he communicated the strange prediction of the weird sisters, and its partial accomplishment. She was a bad, ambitious woman, and so as her husband and herself could arrive at greatness, she cared not much by what means. She spurred on the reluctant purpose of Macbeth, who felt compunction at the thoughts of blood, and did not cease to represent the murder of the king as a step absolutely necessary to the fulfilment of the flattering prophecy.

It happened at this time that the king, who out of


text: Author:James Turle

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Page:Sacred Books of the East - Volume 49.djvu/400

 144 THE VAGRAKKHEDIKÂ.

and if a son or a daughter of a good family, after taking from this treatise of the Law, this Pragñâ- pâramitâ, one Gâthâ of four lines only, should learn it, repeat it, understand it, and fully explain it to others, then the latter would on the strength of this produce a larger stock of merit, immeasurable and innumerable. And how should he explain it? As in the sky:

Stars, darkness, a lamp, a phantom, dew, a bubble. A dream, a flash of lightning, and a cloud — thus we should look upon the world (all that was made).

Thus he should explain; therefore it is said: He should explain.'

Thus spoke the Bhagavat enraptured. The elder Subhûti, and the friars, nuns, the faithful lay- men and women, and the Bodhisattvas also, and the whole world of gods, men, evil spirits and fairies, praised the preaching of the Bhagavat. (32)

Thus is finished the Diamond-cutter, the blessed Pragñâpâramitâ.

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text: Author:George Thomas Smart

title: Author:George Thomas Smart


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 his royal condescension would oftentimes visit his principal nobility upon gracious terms, came to Macbeth's house, attended by his two sons, Malcolm and Donalbain, and a numerous train of thanes and attendants, the more to honour Macbeth for the triumphal success of his wars.

The castle of Macbeth was pleasantly situated, and the air about it was sweet and wholesome, which appeared by the nests which the martlet, or swallow, had built under all the jutting friezes and buttresses of the building, wherever it found a place of advantage; for where those birds most breed and haunt, the air is observed to be delicate. The king entered well-pleased with the place, and not less so with the attentions and respect of his honoured hostess, lady Macbeth, who had the art of covering treacherous purposes with smiles; and could look like the innocent flower, while she was indeed the serpent under it.

The king being tired with his journey, went early to bed, and in his state-room two grooms of his chamber (as was the custom) slept beside him. He had been unusually pleased with his reception, and had made presents before he retired to his principal officers; and among the rest, had sent a rich diamond to lady Macbeth, greeting her by the name of his most kind hostess.

Now was the middle of night, when over half the world nature seems dead, and wicked dreams abuse men's minds asleep, and none but the wolf and the murderer is abroad. This was the time when lady Macbeth waked to plot the murder of the king. She would not have undertaken a deed so abhorrent to her sex, but that she feared her husband's nature, that it was too full of the milk of human kindness, to do a contrived murder. She knew him to be ambitious, but withal to be scrupulous, and not yet prepared for that height of crime which commonly in the end


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Page:Sacred Books of the East - Volume 49.djvu/365

 THE

VAGRAKKHEDIKÂ.

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Page:Voyage in search of La Perouse, volume 2 (Stockdale).djvu/369

] I found on the banks of several rivulets, were fragments of rocks of quartz mixed with mica, and frequently of a sort of free stone, which likewise consisted of quartzose particles.

Birds, especially parrots, are so numerous in this island, that it probably derives from this circumstance its name, which signifies in the Malayan language, a bird.

The woods afford such abundance of deer, goats and wild boars, that the natives can furnish the Resident with as many as he has occasion for, at the rate of two musket shots fired at each. The species of boar called babi-roussa (sus babyrussa), is also found here.

The natives seemed to be much afraid of several kinds of snakes, which they told us were very numerous in their island; but during the whole of our stay in this place, which I spent almost entirely in rambling through the woods, I never met with one of these reptiles.

Although the rainy season had not yet set in, violent storms blew almost every night from the high mountains.

Upon sounding the bay, we discovered at its entrance, a little on this side of the east point, called Point Rouba, a shelf of rocks, at a depth of not more than a fathom throughout an extent of about 2,000 toises; but the rest of this spacious


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 Higgins was on the verge of being panic-stricken. He felt it would be the safer and more discreet plan not to look at the Earl, as it had been well known that his fatherly affection for his sons had been such that he had seen them about twice a year, and that when they had been ill, he had promptly departed for London, because he would not be bored with doctors and nurses. It was a little trying, therefore, to his lordship's nerves to be told, while he looked on, his eyes gleaming from under his shaggy eyebrows, that he felt an interest in scarlet fever.

"You see, Higgins," broke in the Earl with a fine grim smile, "you people have been mistaken in me. Lord Fauntleroy understands me. When you want reliable information on the subject of my character, apply to him. Get into the carriage, Fauntleroy."

And Fauntleroy jumped in, and the carriage rolled away down the green lane, and even when it turned the corner into the high road, the Earl was still grimly smiling.

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text: Author:Christopher Tye

title: Author:Christopher Tye


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 accompanies inordinate ambition. She had won him to consent to the murder, but she doubted his resolution and she feared that the natural tenderness of his disposition (more humane than her own) would come between, and defeat the purpose. So with her own hands armed with a dagger, she approached the king's bed; having taken care to ply the grooms of his chamber so with wine, that they slept intoxicated, and careless of their charge. There lay Duncan in a sound sleep after the fatigues of his journey, and as she viewed him earnestly, there was something in his face, as he slept, which resembled her own father; and she had not the courage to proceed.

She returned to confer with her husband. His resolution had begun to stagger. He considered that there were strong reasons against the deed. In the first place, he was not only a subject, but a near kinsman to the king; and he had been his host and entertainer that day, whose duty, by the laws of hospitality, it was to shut the door against his murderers, not bear the knife himself. Then he considered how just and merciful a king this Duncan had been, how clear of offence to his subjects, how loving to his nobility, and in particular to him; that such kings are the peculiar care of Heaven, and their subjects doubly bound to revenge their deaths. Besides, by the favours of the king, Macbeth stood high in the opinion of all sorts of men, and how would those honours be stained by the reputation of so foul a murder!

In these conflicts of the mind lady Macbeth found her husband inclining to the better part, and resolving to proceed no further. But she being a woman not easily shaken from her evil purpose, began to pour in at his ears words which infused a portion of her own spirit into his mind, assigning reason upon reason why he should not shrink from what he had undertaken; how easy the deed was; how soon it would be over;


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308 outlet very deep, and that even at a small distance from the western point, or Point Lessatello, called by the natives Tanguiou Corbau (Buffalo Point).

According to astronomical observations made at the village of Cayeli, its latitude was 3° 21′ 54″ S. long. 125° 1′ 6″ E.

The dip of the magnetic needle was 20° 30′.

Its variation, as observed on board, was 0° 54′ E.

The higesthighest [sic] point indicated by the thermometer on board was 23°, and on shore 25° 3-10ths.

The mercury in the barometer varied only from 28 inches 1 line to 28 inches 2 lines.

The time of high water on the full and change days was three quarters after eleven; it then rose to six feet perpendicular height.

On the 16th we sailed from Bourou, steering for the Strait of Bouton, which we entered on the afternoon of the 22d.

17th. On the following day, about sun-set, we cast anchor 513 toises from the coast, opposite to the outlet of the channel which separates Pangesani from Celebes. Rossel, who, in consequence of Dauribeau's being indisposed, had now the command of the expedition, formed the project of sailing out through this channel. Early in the morning of the 24th, he dispatched a pinnace, which reconnoitred the channel to the extent of 15,000 toises. A great number of small islands


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 118 THE VAGRAKKHEDIKÂ

they would believe in a being, they would believe in a living being, they would believe in a person. And why? Because, O Subhûti, neither quality nor no- quality is to be accepted by a noble-minded Bodhi- sattva. Therefore this hidden saying has been preached by the Tathâgata : " By those who know the teaching of the Law, as like unto a raft, all qualities indeed must be abandoned; much more no-qualities 1."' (6)

VII.

And again Bhagavat spoke thus to the venerable Subhûti : 'What do you think, O Subhûti, is there anything (dharma) that was known by the Tathâgata under the name of the highest perfect knowledge, or anything that was taught by the Tathâgata?'

After these words, the venerable Subhûti spoke thus to Bhagavat: 'As I, O Bhagavat, understand the meaning of the preaching of the Bhagavat, there is nothing that was known by the Tathâgata under the name of the highest perfect knowledge, nor is there anything that is taught by the Tathâgata. And why? Because that thing which was known or taught by the Tathâgata is incomprehensible and inexpressible. It is neither a thing nor no-thing. And why? Because the holy persons 2 are of im- perfect power 3.' (7)

1 The same line is quoted in the Abhidharmakosha-vyâkhyâ.

2 Âryapudgala need not be Bodhisattvas, but all who have entered on the path leading to Nirvâna.

• Harlez: 'Parceque les entités supérieures sont produites telles sans être réelles et parfaites pour cela.' If samskrita can be used in Buddhist literature in the sense of perfect, and prabhâvitâ as power, my translation might pass, but even then the ' because ' remains difficult.

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Ambassador Erdan's speech for the UN's 75th Anniversary

Thank you Mr. President,

My grandfather Chaim arrived at Auschwitz with his wife Bracha and their eight children. Within minutes of their arrival, Bracha and seven of their children, my aunts and uncles, were taken away and sent to the gas chambers.

In 1945, as the world was rebuilding from the ruins of the Second World War, my grandfather Chaim and my grandmothers Clari and Rachel, were rebuilding their lives after surviving the horrors of the Holocaust.

As the international community founded the United Nations with the goal of maintaining international peace and security, my grandparents immigrated to Israel with the goal of starting a new, better and safer life for themselves and for the Jewish people.

When I was first elected to the Israeli Knesset in 2003, my grandmother Rachel told me that in the midst of the hell of Auschwitz, she could never have imagined that Jewish sovereignty would one day be renewed in our ancient homeland, let alone that her grandson would serve in the parliament of that sovereign state.

Today, her grandson represents the world’s only Jewish state before the organization tasked with guaranteeing that never again will anyone have to endure the unimaginable pain and suffering that my grandparents, and millions of others, endured.

I speak before you today, on behalf of the State of Israel and the Jewish people to assure that this institution honors that promise.

The 75th anniversary of the UN is indeed cause for celebration, but it is also a time for introspection.

In its early years, the United Nations was an undeniable force for good in the world. However, over time, this organization has allowed politics to steer it away from the primary goal enshrined in its mandate. While it still plays an important role in eliminating hunger, promoting equality, protecting the environment and much else, it has neglected promoting peace and security.

Just in the last few weeks, the UN was given the opportunity to reaffirm its commitment to that goal, but once again, squandered it.

Iran remains the biggest threat to peace and security in the Middle East, and beyond. Yet, instead of extending the arms embargo on Iran and preventing it from strengthening its capabilities, nearly all members of the Security Council chose inaction and allowed the embargo to expire.

In response to the signing of the Abraham Accords, this organization again chose inaction. Rather than celebrate this historic event and using it as a catalyst for further peace in the region, this organization reacted with indifference, at best. I hope to see a different reaction to the normalization of relations between Israel and Sudan.

Inaction should not be an option for an organization created to guarantee peace and security.

Mr. President,

As the world faces an unprecedented health and economic crisis it is more important than ever that the United Nations continue to play a key role in creating a better world for all.

However, in order to remain relevant in the next 75 years, it must also fulfill its primary purpose of promoting peace and security.

Thank you.


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 and how the action of one short night would give to all their nights and days to come sovereign sway and royalty! Then she threw contempt on his change of purpose, and accused him of fickleness and cowardice; and declared that she had given suck, and knew how tender it was to love the babe that milked her; but she would, while it was smiling in her face, have plucked it from her breast, and dashed its brains out, if she had so sworn to do it, as he had sworn to perform that murder. Then she added, how practicable it was to lay the guilt of the deed upon the drunken sleepy grooms. And with the valour of her tongue she so chastised his sluggish resolutions, that he once more summoned up courage to the bloody business.

So, taking the dagger in his hand, he softly stole in the dark to the room where Duncan lay; and as he went, he thought he saw another dagger in the air, with the handle towards him, and on the blade and at the point of it drops of blood; but when he tried to grasp at it, it was nothing but air, a mere phantasm proceeding from his own hot and oppressed brain and the business he had in hand.

Getting rid of this fear, he entered the king's room, whom he despatched with one stroke of his dagger. Just as he had done the murder, one of the grooms, who slept in the chamber, laughed in his sleep, and the other cried, "Murder," which woke them both; but they said a short prayer; one of them said, "God bless us!" and the other answered "Amen;" and addressed themselves to sleep again. Macbeth, who stood listening to them, tried to say, "Amen," when the fellow said, "God bless us!" but, though he had most need of a blessing, the word stuck in his throat, and he could not pronounce it.

Again he thought he heard a voice which cried, "Sleep no more: Macbeth doth murder sleep, the


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Page:Sacred Books of the East - Volume 49.djvu/367

 THE

VAGRAKKHEDIKÂ

OR

DIAMOND-CUTTER.

Adoration to the blessed Ârya-pragñâ-pâramitâ (perfection of wisdom).

I.

Thus it was heard by me : At one time Bhagavat (the blessed Buddha) dwelt in Srâvastî, in the grove of Geta in the garden of Anâthapindada 2, together with a large company of Bhikshus (mendicants), viz. with 1250 Bhikshus 8, with many noble-minded Bodhi- sattvas 4.

1 Geta, son of king Prasengit, to whom the park belonged before it was sold to Anâthapindada.

8 Another name of Sudatta, meaning, literally, he who gives food to the poor.

8 The number of 1250 is explained by a Chinese priest Lun-hin, in his commentary on the Amitâyur-dhyâna-sûtra. According to the Dharmagupta-vinaya, which he quotes, the number consisted of 500 disciples of Uruvilva-kâsyapa, 300 of Gayâ-kâsyapa, 200 of Nadî-kâsyapa, 150 of «Sâriputra, and 100 of Maudgalyâyana. The Chinese translators often mistook the Sanskrit expression 'half- thirteen hundred,' i. e. 1250. See Bunyiu Nanjio, Catalogue of Tripitaka, p. 6.

4 Higher beings on the road to Bodhi or perfect knowledge. They are destined hereafter to become Buddhas themselves.

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Page:Tales from Shakespeare - Lamb C and M, Rackham A (1908).djvu/179

 innocent sleep, that nourishes life." Still it cried, "Sleep no more," to all the house. "Glamis hath murdered sleep, and therefore Cawdor shall sleep no more, Macbeth shall sleep no more."

With such horrible imaginations Macbeth returned to his listening wife, who began to think he had failed of his purpose, and that the deed was somehow frustrated. He came in so distracted a state, that she reproached him with his want of firmness, and sent him to wash his hands of the blood which stained them, while she took his dagger, with purpose to stain the cheeks of the grooms with blood, to make it seem their guilt.

Morning came, and with it the discovery of the murder, which could not be concealed; and though Macbeth and his lady made great show of grief, and the proofs against the grooms (the dagger being produced against them and their faces smeared with blood) were sufficiently strong, yet the entire suspicion fell upon Macbeth, whose inducements to such a deed were so much more forcible than such poor silly grooms could be supposed to have; and Duncan's two sons fled. Malcolm, the eldest, sought for refuge in the English court; and the youngest, Donalbain, made his escape to Ireland.

The king's sons, who should have succeeded him, having thus vacated the throne, Macbeth as next heir was crowned king, and thus the prediction of the weird sisters was literally accomplished.

Though placed so high, Macbeth and his queen could not forget the prophecy of the weird sisters, that, though Macbeth should be king, yet not his children, but the children of Banquo, should be kings after him. The thought of this, and that they had defiled their hands with blood, and done so great crimes, only to place the posterity of Banquo upon the throne, so rankled within them, that they deter-


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Page:Sacred Books of the East - Volume 49.djvu/371

 OR DIAMOND-CUTTER. II5

O Bhagavat.' Bhagavat said : 'In the same manner, O Subhûti, the measure of the stock of merit of a Bodhisattva, who gives a gift without believing in anything, is not easy to learn. And thus indeed, O Subhûti, should one who has entered on the path of Bodhisattvas give a gift, that he should not be- lieve even in the idea of cause/ (4)

V.

1 Now, what do you think, O Subhûti, should a Tathâgata be seen (known) by the possession of signs 1 ?' Subhûti said : 'Not indeed, O Bhagavat, a Tathâgata is not to be seen (known) by the pos- session of signs. And why? Because what has been preached by the Tathâgata as the possession of signs, that is indeed the possession of no-signs.'

After this, Bhagavat spoke thus to the venerable Subhûti : ' Wherever there is, O Subhûti, the pos- session of signs, there is falsehood; wherever there is no possession of signs, there is no falsehood. Hence the Tathfigata is to be seen (known) from no-signs as signs 2.' (5)

VI.

After this, the venerable Subhûti spoke thus to the Bhagavat: ' Forsooth, O Bhagavat, will there be any beings in the future, in the last time, in the last moment, in the last 500 years 3, during the time

1 Qualities by which he could be known.

2 It would be easier to read lakshanâlakshanatvatah, from the signs having the character of no-signs. M. de Harlez translates rightly, 'c'est par le non-marque de marquer que la Tathâgata doit être vu et reconnu.'

3 I have changed Pañkâsatî into Pañkasatî, because what is
 * 12

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 CELERY SANDWICH

Chop fine a few stalks of celery, mix with a little mayonnaise dressing, spread on thin slices of lightly buttered bread, cover with another slice.

CELERY SANDWICH NO. 2

Butter bread on the loaf, first having creamed the butter. Cut away the crusts and starting at one corner of the slice, roll it over two crisp short celery sticks. Tie with baby ribbon.

CELERY AND ENGLISH WALNUT SANDWICH

Mix one cup of chopped celery, one-fourth cup of chopped English walnuts, and one-fourth cup chopped olives. Moisten with mayonnaise and place between thin slices of lightly buttered brown bread.


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 CELERY AND ENGLISH WALNUT SANDWICH NO. 2

Chop celery and English walnuts fine, add a dash of salt and allspice, moisten with a little mayonnaise dressing. Spread between thin slices of lightly buttered white bread.

LETTUCE SANDWICH

Between thin, oblong slices of lightly buttered white bread, place a crisp lettuce leaf that has been dipped in mayonnaise dressing, and sprinkled with Parmesan cheese.

LETTUCE SANDWICH NO. 2

Cut crisp lettuce leaves into ribbons with scissors, add a dash of mayonnaise dressing, and season with salt. Place between thin slices of lightly buttered white or brown bread.


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 BOSTON BROWN BREAD SANDWICH

Between thin slices of lightly buttered brown bread place a lettuce leaf that has been dipped in mayonnaise dressing.

BAR HARBOR SANDWICH

Cut the crisp lettuce leaves into ribbons with the scissors, salt and pepper and moisten with a little mayonnaise dressing. Place on thin slices of lightly buttered white bread; on each lay a thin slice of tomato and cover with another slice of buttered bread. Press together and serve as soon as made.

RADISH SANDWICH

Between thin slices of lightly buttered white bread place sprigs of watercress and thin slices of a radish that has been dipped in French dressing. Can be served with the fish course.


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title: Page:กม ร ๕ - ๒๔๕๑.pdf/320


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Page:The Up-to-Date Sandwich Book.djvu/63

 STRING BEAN SANDWICH

Cook string beans until tender; when cold, cut in small pieces, add a chopped onion, and a few chopped English walnut meats. Mix with a little French dressing and spread between lightly buttered slices of white bread, with a crisp lettuce leaf between.

APPLE AND CELERY SANDWICH

Chop three apples and three stalks of celery fine. Mix with a little mayonnaise dressing and place on thin slices of lightly buttered white bread. Put the two slices together.

APPLE AND GRAPE SANDWICH

Remove the seeds from thin skinned white grapes; add one apple and one stalk of celery; chop fine. Moisten with French dressing, toss up, and spread on thinly cut slices of buttered white bread. Place the two slices together.


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 APPLE SALAD SANDWICH

Chop fine two medium sized red apples and two stalks of celery; mix with a little boiled dressing and place between thin slices of buttered white bread.

WALDORF SANDWICH

Chop two apples, two stalks of celery, and one sweet pepper fine, add a little mayonnaise dressing, mix, and place between thin slices of lightly buttered white bread. Garnish with a sprig of watercress.

NOVELTY SANDWICH

Chop one small onion, eight olives, one green pepper (seeds removed), and one chow chow pickle fine. Add one cupful of grated Parmesan cheese; moisten with enough mustard dressing from the chow chow to form a paste. Spread on thin slices of lightly buttered white bread. Cover with another slice and cut in triangles.


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 ST. PATRICK SANDWICH

Chop a handful of mint, a handful of parsley, and a tiny onion very fine, add a dash of paprika, mix with a little mayonnaise dressing. Place between thin slices of lightly buttered white bread. Garnish with a sprig of parsley.

TARTAR SANDWICH

Take two tablespoonfuls each of chopped onion, parsley, capers, and sour cucumber pickles. Mix with two tablespoonfuls of mayonnaise dressing. Place mixture between thin slices of graham or white bread lightly buttered.

GRAPE FRUIT SANDWICH

Remove the pulp from grape fruit, making one cup; add one-fourth cup of finely chopped walnuts, moisten with a little mayonnaise dressing, and place between thin slices of lightly buttered white bread cut in strips.


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 CHERRY SALAD SANDWICH

Remove stones from two cups of cherries, add one-half cup of English walnuts and two stalks of celery that have been chopped fine; add enough mayonnaise to moisten; place between thin slices of lightly buttered white bread. Garnish with a cherry.

PINEAPPLE SALAD SANDWICH

Shred one medium sized pineapple, add one cupful of skinned and seeded white grapes, one-half cup of finely chopped English walnuts; moisten with cream mayonnaise. Place between thin slices of lightly buttered white bread with a crisp lettuce leaf between. Garnish with a red cherry.

MOCK OYSTER SANDWICH

Boil salsify until tender, work smooth with a little sweet cream, season with salt, cayenne, and a dash of anchovy sauce; place between thin slices of lightly buttered white bread.


text: Author:Thomas Olivers

title: Author:Thomas Olivers


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 the Cornishman, touching his hat, and then thrusting his nose deeper than ever into the eel-basket.

'Beautiful stream this,' said Lancelot, who had a continual longing—right or wrong—to chat with his inferiors; and was proportionately sulky and reserved to his superiors.

'Beautiful enough, sir,' said the keeper, with an emphasis on the first word.

'Why, has it any other fault?'

'Not so wholesome as pretty, sir.'

'What harm does it do?'

'Fever, and ague, and rheumatism, sir.'

'Where?' asked Lancelot, a little amused by the man's laconic answers.

'Wherever the white fog spreads, sir.'

'Where's that?'

'Everywhere, sir.'

'And when?'

'Always, sir.'

Lancelot burst out laughing. The man looked up at him slowly and seriously.

'You wouldn't laugh, sir, if you'd seen much of the inside of these cottages round.'

'Really,' said Lancelot, I was only laughing at our making such very short work of such a long and serious story. Do you mean that the unhealthiness of this country is wholly caused by the river?'

'No, sir. The river-damps are God's sending; and so they are not too bad to bear. But there's more of man's sending, that is too bad to bear.'


text: Page:Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (IA journalofstra21221890roya).pdf/291


text: Page:Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (IA journalofstra21221890roya).pdf/292


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 'What do you mean?'

'Are men likely to be healthy when they are worse housed than a pig?'

'No.'

'And worse fed than a hound?'

'Good heavens! No!'

'Or packed together to sleep, like pilchards in a barrel?'

'But, my good fellow, do you mean that the labourers here are in that state?'

'It isn't far to walk, sir. Perhaps, some day, when the may-fly is gone off, and the fish won't rise awhile, you could walk down and see. I beg your pardon, sir, though, for thinking of such a thing. They are not places fit for gentlemen, that's certain.' There was a staid irony in his tone, which Lancelot felt.

'But the clergyman goes?'

'Yes, sir.'

'And Miss Honoria goes?'

'Yes, God Almighty bless her!'

'And do not they see that all goes right?'

The giant twisted his huge limbs, as if trying to avoid an answer, and yet not daring to do so.

'Do clergymen go about among the poor much, sir, at college, before they are ordained?'

Lancelot smiled, and shook his head.

'I thought so, sir. Our good vicar is like the rest hereabouts. God knows, he stints neither time nor money—the souls of the poor are well looked after, and their bodies, too—as far as his purse will go; but that's not far.'


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 'Is he ill-off, then?'

'The living's worth some forty pounds a-year. The great tithes, they say, are worth better than twelve hundred; but Squire Lavington has them.'

'Oh, I see!' said Lancelot.

'I'm glad you do, sir, for I don't,' meekly answered Tregarva. 'But the vicar, sir, he is a kind man, and a good; but the poor don't understand him, nor he them. He is too learned, sir, and, saving your presence, too fond of his prayer-book.'

'One can't be too fond of a good thing!'

'Not unless you make an idol of it, sir, and fancy that men's souls were made for the prayer-book, and not the prayer-book for them.'

'But cannot he expose and redress these evils, if they exist?'

Tregarva twisted about again.

'I do not say that I think it, sir; but this I know, that every poor man in the vale thinks it that the parsons are afraid of the landlords. They must see these things, for they are not blind; and they try to plaster them up out of their own pockets.'

'But why, in God's name, don't they strike at the root of the matter, and go straight to the landlords and tell them the truth?' asked Lancelot.

'So people say, sir. I see no reason for it, except the one which I gave you. Besides, sir, you must remember, that a man can't quarrel with his own kin; and so many of them are their squire's brothers, or sons, or nephews.'

'Or good friends with him, at least.'


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Page:Journal of the Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society (IA journalofstra21221890roya).pdf/367

 THE RULING FAMILY OF SELANGOR.

3. There exists, in Malay, an interesting historical work entitled "Tuhfat-el-nafis," written in A. H. 1288, by Raja ALI, of Riouw, which treats of the later history of those Malay States, the royal houses of which have been founded or influenced by Bugis chiefs from the island of Celebes. These include Riouw, Linggi, Johor, Selangor, Siak, &c.

4. A long table of descent is given, which is mostly fabulous until it approaches modern times. In compiling the latter portion, the author has perhaps consulted Dutch publications.

5. The admixture of Bugis blood in the reigning families of the Malay kingdoms of the Straits of Malacca, seems to have commenced in the early part of the 18th century. It is related in the native chronicle above alluded to that Upu Tanderi Burong, a Bugis Raja in the island of Celebes (the third son of the first Bugis Raja who embraced Muhammadanism), had five sons : —

 * (1) Daing Peani, from whom (by his marriage in Siautak) the reigning family of Siak in Sumatra are descended. He also married princesses of the reigning Malay families in Johor, Selangor and Kedah.
 * (2) Daing Menimbun, from whom the Rajas of Pontianak, Matan and Brunei are descended.


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Rh signs of moving, and it became evident that affairs were not so simple as they first had seemed. The tall farmer was in fact no accidental spectator, and he stood by premeditation close to the trunk of a tree, so that had any traveller passed along the road without the park gate, or even round the lawn to the door, that person would scarce have noticed the other, notwithstanding that the gate was quite near at hand, and the park little larger than a paddock. There was still light enough in the western heaven to brighten faintly one side of the man's face, and to show against the trunk of the tree behind the admirable cut of his profile; also to reveal that the front of the manor-house, small though it seemed, was solidly built of stone in that never-to-be-surpassed style for the English country residence—the mullioned and transomed Elizabethan.

The lawn, although neglected, was still as level as a bowling-green—which indeed it might once have served for; and the blades of grass before the window were raked by the candle-shine, which stretched over them so far as to touch the yeoman's face in front.

Within the dining-room there were also, with one of the twain, the same signs of a hidden purpose that marked the farmer. The young lady's mind was straying as clearly into the shadows as that of the loiterer was fixed upon the room—nay, it could be said that she was quite conscious of his presence outside. Impatience caused her foot to beat silently on the carpet, and she more than once rose to leave the table. This proceeding was checked by her father, who would put his hand upon her shoulder and unceremoniously press her down into her chair, till he should have concluded his observations. Her replies were brief enough, and there was factitiousness in her smiles of assent to his views. A small iron casement between two of the mullions was open, and some occasional words of the dialogue were audible without.

'As for drains—how can I put in drains? The pipes don't cost much, that's true; but the labour in

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Index talk:An Ainu-English-Japanese dictionary (including a grammar of the Ainu language).djvu

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Pinging you in case there is a better solution for. Fish bowl (talk) 22:28, 10 October 2023 (UTC)
 * I suppose I could just use like other pages instead. lol Fish bowl (talk) 22:40, 10 October 2023 (UTC)


text: Page:Books on Egypt and Chaldaea, Vol. 32--Legends of the Gods.pdf/153


text: Index:Winston Churchill to Franklin D. Roosevelt - NARA - 194979


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Page:Winston Churchill to Franklin D. Roosevelt - NARA - 194979.jpg

 I have been working steadily about the bases on turning the mountains back into molehills, but even so, the molehills remain to be disposed of. I hope to send you a cable on Monday leaving very little that is not cleared away. Please lend a hand with the shovel if you can. Remember it is the inflexible policy of His Majesty's Government, with or without any reciprocal consideration, to make sure that the United States has full, effective military security both in war and in necessary peace-time preparations for war in these Islands and areas. Give us the best chance you can to bring the local people along, for after all these Islands are their only home, and I want them to be your friends as well as ours.

The sinkings are bad and the strain is increasing at sea. Ends.


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Page:CTRL0000034605 - Transcribed Interview of Angela McCallum, (December 8, 2021).pdf/72

72

Thanks.

 * BY

Do you know—you said you recall a message about putting pressure on him tonight. Is that right?

I—we have to find the document.

Okay. Do you remember what was happening around this period of time, such that one might want to put pressure on Speaker Cutler?

No. Like I said earlier, I wasn't involved in the conversations related to why we were asked to do certain things.

Had you been asked this kind of request before, to pull donor data, on other legislators at the State level or Federal?

None that I recall.

So, from your recollection, this was, like, the first time that you'd received this kind of request?

I think so. I may have been asked to do that—like I described earlier, Madison and I did informal vetting on people. I may have looked, you know, at the FEC website once or twice before in something related to that, but I don't recall any.

And with respect to the pressure to put on the House Speaker Cutler, was it your understanding it was financial pressure if it related to pulling donor data?

I have no idea. I didn't send the message. So you'd have to ask Michael Brown as to what kind of pressure he was referring to.

Do you know if anyone pulled the donor data for House Speaker Cutler and cross-referenced them with President Trump?


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text: Winston Churchill to Franklin D. Roosevelt (March, 1941)


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Page:Sacred Books of the East - Volume 49.djvu/399

 OR DIAMOND-CUTTER. 143

preached as no-belief by the Tathâgata ; and there- fore it is called a belief in matter.' Bhagavat said: 'And a belief in matter itself, O Subhûti, is un- mentionable and inexpressible ; it is neither a thing nor no-thing, and this is known by children and ignorant persons.' (30)

XXXI.

'And why? Because, O Subhûti, if a man were to say that belief in self, belief in a being, belief in life, belief in personality had been preached by the Tathâgata, would he be speaking truly?' Subhûti said: 'Not indeed, Bhagavat, not indeed, Sugata ; he would not be speaking truly. And why? Because, O Bhagavat, what was preached by the Tathâgata as a belief in self, that was preached by the Tathâ- gata as no-belief; therefore it is called belief in self.'

Bhagavat said: 'Thus then, O Subhûti, are all things to be perceived, to be looked upon, and to be believed by one who has entered on the path of the Bodhisattvas. And in this wise are they to be perceived, to be looked upon, and to be believed, that a man should believe neither in the idea of a thing nor in the idea of a no-thing. And why ? Because, by saying : The idea of a thing, the idea of a thing indeed, it has been preached by the Tathâgata as no-idea of a thing.' (31)

XXXII.

'And, O Subhûti, if a noble-minded Bodhisattva were to fill immeasurable and innumerable spheres of worlds with the seven treasures, and give them as a gift to holy and fully enlightened Tathâgatas ;

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been under the necessity of observing the Bolshevist movement from close quarters for many years. I have had to contend with it almost daily long before it seized the power in Russia in the name of Communism and Soviet. Trotzky is only one of the Bolshevist leaders who long sojourned in this country to plague the American labor movement. And the few thousands who have returned to Soviet Russia represent but a small part of the forces of revolutionary mania in America. These forces are not strong enough seriously to threaten American labor—provided they are isolated and understood. But they must be understood and isolated.

While the labor movement of the world is gradually but steadily shaking itself free of the illusion that the Soviets are a workingmen's government—the first workingmen's government—conservative powers are beginning to give them commercial and political support and a part of the press is engaged in finding virtuous reasons for this policy. The pace was set by the British-Soviet trade agreement and by Lloyd George's speech in Parliament in which he contended, with an intentional paradox but still quite seriously, that the Bolshevists had suddenly become moderates. The work of labor in repudiating Bolshevism has thus become more difficult. Certain conservatives and reactionaries pretend—for motives of their own—that they no longer have much objection to


text: Index:Lord Halifax to Franklin D. Roosevelt - NARA - 194980


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vi the Soviets. They are willing to trade with cannibals, to use an expression of Lloyd George. But labor cannot affiliate or associate with cannibals—or with tyrants who rule over labor by the Red Terror and the firing squad.

Whether an anti-labor despotism rules over one of the greatest peoples of the earth may be a matter of indifference to the masters of the British Empire as long as that despotism is willing to meet the Empire half way—and to sign away the title to the territories and natural wealth of the nation. It cannot be a matter of indifference to labor.

Labor's interest in putting forth the truth about the Soviets is in part altruistic. Labor's regard for the welfare of the Russian workers is deep and genuine. But it also knows that if an anti-labor despotism may be made to work in one country—however inefficiently—it will encourage the enemies of labor to try the same methods elsewhere. Moreover, if the Soviets are given a certain permanence and success as "moderates" by the aid of certain governments and financiers they will certainly continue to represent this success to the labor of the world as having come to them from their own efforts as "ultra-revolutionists."

The outward success of the Soviets—with capitalist backing—would cost the capitalists themselves dearly in the end. But labor would pay, and pay heavily from the beginning.

The Soviets may or may not reach a common understanding of real practical importance with cynical imperialists and capitalistic adventurers. There is no possible common ground between Bolshevism and organized labor. Nor will the proposed economic alliance between


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Rh Bolshevism and Reaction be able to force labor to compromise with the Soviets. In the long run this alliance will help to make still more clear to the wage-earners the true character of Bolshevism. But its first result is to re-inforce the already formidable Bolshevist propaganda.

The miserable collapse of the revolution called by the Soviets in Germany in March, following upon their failure in January and February to capture the labor unions of Italy and France, would have spelled the end of the Bolshevist menace as far as labor is concerned. But then came the British-Soviet trade agreement, the laudatory speech of Lloyd George, and a renewed flood of pro-Soviet propaganda from capitalist and so-called "liberal" quarters. So that the Bolshevist propaganda menace, while in a new form, is more threatening than ever, and continues to strike at all the foundations of our democratic civilization—and, in particular at the principles that underlie the labor movement.

The American labor movement has lost no opportunity to prove its warm friendship for the Russian people and for the Russian Revolution. It has not hesitated to send its greetings and offer of support even to Socialists such as those associated with Kerensky—although American labor is not and never has been socialistic. Officials of American labor unions have not scrupled for this purpose to associate themselves with certain Socialists of this country who supported the war in a common address to the Kerensky government. American labor also, in its earnest wish to reach the Russian people after the Bolshevist revolution, went so far as to address a mes-


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Page:Lord Halifax to Franklin D. Roosevelt - NARA - 194980.jpg

 BRITISH EMBASSY,

WASHINGTON, B.C.

Dear Mr. President,

I enclose herein in its correct form the second half of the message from the Prime Minister which I sent you yesterday afternoon.

Believe me,

Dear Mr. President,

Very sincerely yours,

Halifax

The Honourable

Franklin D. Roosevelt,

President of the United States of America,

Washington, D. C.


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 This, however, does not always deter them from generalising, and thus it is that now-a-days, while more work is done, less good work is done proportionally than was effected by the smaller number of labourers of the last century, who rarely worked unless they felt strong inclination and possessed ability.

In reflecting on the present we may be allowed to hope for the future. Some may rejoice in believing that those who are to follow us enjoy great advantages, and will become more competent labourers than their predecessors. In this wondrous microcosm with which we have to deal, with its valves, levers, streams, and springs; with its mysterious force exercised in such manner that analogy scarcely assists us in the attempt to unravel its nature; in this abode of wonders, doubtless every discovery in physical science finds its application. Let us see in this reflection the advantage of educating the rising generation, so that they may at least be competent to understand and apply the observations of those who work for them; for all who work at physical science must work for the physician. I would humbly submit that the medical education of the present day can scarcely be con-


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 sidered very valuable so far as regards the advancement of medicine as a science. One of the great evils we have to contend against is want of time. Owing to this, the present curriculum is most overwhelming to the student, who probably might be able to fulfil the conditions required in double the number of years now allotted to study; but who is forced, under existing regulations, to acquire an imperfect acquaintance with a multitude of subjects.

This is not a bad scheme for retarding the progress of medicine. Fortunately, human nature rebels against the imposition of unreasonable conditions, and the student unwittingly uses in his defence a quality of mind, the existence of which should never be forgotten by those who legislate on the important subject of education.

Why it is so I know not, but long experience as a teacher and examiner has shown me that the mind in acquiring knowledge becomes active in two very different ways. It may act in such manner that the impressions received are of permanent character, or it may learn a lesson (and very correctly too) which will be dismissed from the mind so soon as it has answered the required end. The latter mode of engaging thought enables the


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 errors, now received as truths, swept from our path, and the atmosphere cleared for the perception of facts now obscured for want of the proper light by which to discern their nature and value.

Much might be said of the abuse of physiology in its application to pathology. We are not quite secure in the present day from the tendency to too rapid generalisation which infected men’s minds in Harvey’s time, and which contrasted so strongly with his mode of thought and procedure. We may perhaps attribute this evil partly to the state of the medical profession, which in these days of competition has become greatly troubled. It is now the fashion to work, and many do so because they are ashamed to be thought idle. If naturally slothful, a fact or an assumed fact supplies them with sufficient matter for a theory, and then with little trouble they can appear before the public at frequent intervals, borne on a cloud of misty composition. Or, they may be more industrious, but lack wit, and urged forward by the inspiration of example, go through much labour.

But they have worked badly, and find a very small return for the time and trouble expended.


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 In making these remarks, I would not desire to give more than due importance to this law in its application to the condition of membrane while constituting a portion of organised beings.

There is much danger in this temptation, for though it is difficult to believe hut that these forces, manifested so strongly in dead matter, have their influence under what we must call conventionally vital conditions, still we are bound to wait patiently for further observations and discoveries before we can presume to push forward theory from such a basis. We see the necessity for this caution in the fact, that living membrane in some cases possesses qualities under the conditions of health which apparently render it capable of resisting the action of this law; and therefore, in explaining the phenomena of disease, we must carefully remember that we probably have to deal with other and modifying forces, concerning which we are, as yet, uninformed. Thus, it is our duty to keep in mind the possibility of applying every physical fact which relates to our science, and to watch anxiously for the moment when it may become useful; but, at the same time, not to lose sight of the varying conditions of the materials with which we have to deal, and of the


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 effusions which we cannot attribute to obstructed circulation, such as the effusions in Bright’s disease.

hen we remember how urinary salts and urea (which may be regarded as the crystalloids of the urine) foul the blood in albuminuria, causing a change in the qualities of the liquor sanguinis, by the introduction of an excess of substances capable of permeating membrane with facility, we at once see how a knowledge of Graham’s law may possibly assist us in explaining the dropsical state.

The loss of the extractive matters of the blood may also be cited as tending to alter the relation of the liquor sanguinis to the membranes with which it comes in contact. In Asiatic cholera, when the disease is characterised by the usual flow of serous fluid from the intestinal surface, conditions are present suggesting the probability that retention of crystalloids in the circulation may have much to do with bringing about the result; for, if the secretions generally, and especially the secretion of urine, be suddenly stopped, the blood will become rich in crystalloids—a condition which we know greatly favours the diffusion of fluids through membrane.


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viii sage to the Russian nation in care of the Soviets. Both messages are quoted in the Appendix.

From the early beginnings of the first Russian Revolution in 1905 every occasion has been seized to demonstrate friendship. In 1921 the Executive Council of the American Federation of Labor once more reiterated its friendly attitude in the following words:

The present volume endeavors to give a balanced and equal consideration to all the more important phases of Sovietism. But, naturally, I am in a particularly favorable situation to discuss the Soviet attitude towards labor both in Russia and throughout the world. The chapters dealing with this part of the subject should be of interest


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Rh not only to labor and its sympathizers but to the entire community.

I must take this opportunity to point out that the hostility of the Bolshevists to the American Federation of Labor is of the same degree of intensity and of the same general character as the hostility of a large group of reactionary employers—a group to be found in all countries, but at the present moment far more aggressive and powerful in the United States than in any other nation of the globe. So closely identical are the anti-labor-union policies of the Bolshevists and Reactionaries that a number of instances have already arisen of deliberate co-operation to destroy organized labor. But even when there is no definite alliance the similarity of the purposes and methods of the two groups bring it about that they spread an identical propaganda. The Reactionary, therefore, does not disguise the delight with which he reads of the Bolshevist attacks on organized labor, nor do the Bolshevists disguise their joy at the victories of Reaction. Nor is this the only way by which Reaction aids Bolshevism; in its refusal to grant reasonable economic concessions and to cede to reasonable demands for political and legislative reforms, the Reactionaries inevitably drive the thoughtless and impatient into the arms of Bolshevism.

I have been obliged to deal continually with Bolshevism for the past four years. I have utilized in the present volume parts of several recent articles from the official organ of the American Federation of Labor, The American Federationist, of which I am editor, as well as certain material in the current report of the Executive


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x Council of that organization. Nearly all of it, however, is new.

Mr. William English Walling, who has collaborated with me, is the author of a number of books dealing with the international labor movement and of two volumes on Russia. He spent several years in that country at the time of the origin of the Bolshevist party and has followed it closely for the past fifteen years. His knowledge of Russia and the international labor movement, to which I can testify, has proved most helpful.

2em


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Template:外務省記録

 自　年　月　日 至　年　月　日  「」 第　　卷 外務省  自　年　月　日 至　年　月　日  「」 第　　卷

title: Template:外務省記録


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Page:CTRL0000034605 - Transcribed Interview of Angela McCallum, (December 8, 2021).pdf/73

73 I believe Madison and I—

Yeah.

—did as instructed, but I can't confirm that.

So you believe it might have been you and Ms. Crawley that assisted but you're not 100 percent sure. Is that fair?

Yeah. We were—yes. We were asked to do it, so I assume that we performed that task.

And you don't recall what Mr. Brown might have done with this information?

I do not.

And did you do anything further with the information that you pulled other than provide it to Mr. Brown?

No. I assume I just sent it back to him.

And do you recall was it in a spreadsheet or how you transmitted the information to Mr. Brown?

I was cross-referencing it. I would've very likely used Excel to match up names.

Okay. Perfect. Thank you.

Uh-huh.

Turn to the document behindtab5. And if you want to take a minute to review. It's just one page, I believe. I believe it's Bates—I believe that's 59.

Uh-huh.

Okay.

And this is a communication dated November 12, 2020, Is that right?

That's what I see, yes.

There's not a name associated with this text message. Do you recall who


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 sinking the trenches is ruination. And then the gates—they should be hung to stone posts, otherwise there's no keeping them up through harvest.' The Squire's voice was strongly toned with the local accent, so that he said 'draïns' and 'geāts' like the rustics on his estate.

The landscape without grew darker, and the young man's figure seemed to be absorbed into the trunk of the tree. The small stars filled in between the larger, the nebulæ between the small stars, the trees quite lost their voice; and if there was still a sound, it was from the cascade of a stream which stretched along under the trees that bounded the lawn on its northern side.

At last the young girl did get to her feet and secure her retreat. 'I have something to do, papa,' she said. 'I shall not be in the drawing-room just yet.'

'Very well,' replied he. 'Then I won't hurry.' And closing the door behind her, he drew his decanters together and settled down in his chair.

Three minutes after that a woman's shape emerged from the drawing-room window, and passing through a wall-door to the entrance front, came across the grass. She kept well clear of the dining-room window, but enough of its light fell on her to show, escaping from the dark-hooded cloak that she wore, stray verges of the same light dress which had figured but recently at the dinner-table. The hood was contracted tight about her face with a drawing-string, making her countenance small and baby-like, and lovelier even than before.

Without hesitation she brushed across the grass to the tree under which the young man stood concealed. The moment she had reached him he enclosed her form with his arm. The meeting and embrace, though by no means formal, were yet not passionate; the whole proceeding was that of persons who had repeated the act so often as to be unconscious of its performance. She turned within his arm, and faced in

title: Page:A Changed Man (1913).pdf/43


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Rh beside him until his companion regained his feet. This the fugitive noted dully, wondering vaguely if the starving tramp-dog was destined to profit by his finish even as he had hoped to profit—to live—by the death of the dog.

It was by accident that the Man's dimming eyes all at once lighted on something that instantly fixed them in a stare of incredulity. On the vagabond's pendulous chops was the purpling stain of fresh blood, and, adhering to the corners of his great mouth, was the unmistakable gray-brown fur of a rabbit. In the Man, unbelief gave way to conviction, and conviction to instant and insane passion.

"Why—damn you!" the one brute arraigned the other, "you've actually caught a rabbit—and sneaked away and eaten every hell-fired bit of it by yourself! ... And—it was the drink I gave you that enabled you to catch it——"

The dog shrank from the Man instinctively as the latter thrust out a trembling forefinger in accusation.

"That rabbit would have meant—would have meant life to me," whined the fugitive despairingly, "and you—a miserable, good-for-nothing tramp-dog whose life ain’t worth a copper—you sneaked off and—ate—a—whole—rabbit!"

The Man's disheartened tone was like a wail of one who faces execution. An odd glitter had suddenly dissipated the listless, lifeless look in his heavy-browed eyes.

The vagabond shrank yet farther away from his accuser, as though he understood and repented. But the Man was obdurate, resolved. He leveled the Winchester evenly at his companion’s head, but, suddenly remembering the value of silence, he lowered the weapon, leaned it conveniently against, a tree and selected a club.

No sooner was the club in the Man's hands than the tramp-dog rose guardedly from his haunches, all fear seemingly having left him. The Man saw this and knew by logic what the brute knew by instinct, but as always the higher animal felt confident of his superiority over the lower one.

"I'd kill you now even if I didn't have to," wheezed the Man.

The tramp-dog’s bloodshot eyes were steadily following the club. His small pointed ears stood forward in a strangely menacing expression and the shaggy hair along his great dark-gray back bristled savagely.

The Man surveyed the dog and comprehended; but already they had begun circling and the rifle was between him and the dog that seemed all of a sudden to have strangely changed.

"Great God!" choked out the Man as a horrible misgiving resolved itself into seeming certainty; "it's a wolf!"

HE vagabond advanced a pace and paused, his sharp muzzle pointing, a foreleg raised intently. He might have been some great, disheveled pointer stalking game. The Man stood irresolute, club clenched in hands.

"You were a damn strange looking dog from the first," he muttered, remembering.

A little courage came back to him as the lapsing seconds stayed the crisis and he recalled the vagabond’s wound and his weakened condition. However, he had lately regaled himself with a rabbit, bitterly thought the Man.

Barely two paces separated the outcast from his unwisely discarded Winchester. Holding his club before him as a shield, he gave a sudden spring for the weapon and salvation. It was the crucial moment. His fingers were almost closing upon the rifle when a flash of gray went up from the ground in a diagonal streak that might have been a tongue of lightning.

There was a single half-stifled growl, followed by a sputtering cry of horror, and they went down together, the Man and the dog, the one conscious of a mighty tearing at his whiskery throat and instinctively fumbling for the heavy-bladed knife he carried, the powerful jaws of the other gripping with all the desperation of brute ferocity, as though the tramp-dog comprehended the true life-and-death nature of the contest.

The Man fought as shrewdly and as calculatively as though his adversary were a man and not a brute. He had reason to know the value of a good knife, and at last he got hold of and held the weapon, open-bladed, in his free hand; but because of the precious seconds necessarily lost in bringing it into play, the slashes he finally drove at the wolf-dog's exposed flank were so feeble that they scarcely more than penetrated the tangled mat of the vagabond's shaggy coat.

T MIDNIGHT the wolf-dog, after swift, noiseless flight came to a standstill before a bush-screened cave in a rugged wood, many miles from the scene of his battle with the outlaw. The pale light of a winter moon, filtering down through naked tree-tops, robed him now as if in a plaid coat of curiously patterned silver and ebony, fantastically outlingoutlining [sic] the sharp angles of his fleshless body and recasting him in a periphery as of some dread werewolf, grim, gaunt and terrible.

One watching him now could not have said with certainty whether he was dog or wolf. Ever and anon he peered back uneasily along his trail and listened, after the wary manner of his late companion. But behind him there was naught but moonlight and silence and distance interminable.

As he stood motionless, gazing away to the rear, something of queer contentment after the day's work seemed to grow into the vagabond's aspect. Something in his very poise, nay, in the way he held his swollen and disfigured head, seemed to announce that with him all was well. Once again he moved forward, then once more he paused and ran his bloodshot eyes back over the moon-silvered trail: Silence, brooding, mysterious.

He lifted his wounded head and contemplated the westering moon with an expression that was somehow not unlike that which depicts the processes of a reasoning human mind. His mouth was a little way open, his snow-white teeth showing between lips that were drawn back in the unmistakable semblance of a wide and exultant grin! After a moment he cast a final glance backward, then trotted forward as silently as a shadow and disappeared in the cave.

In the ragged halfbreed the gentle ancestry of the dooryard dog had fought an all-day fight with the savage strain of the great timber-wolf, but the more fiercely vital of the contending elements had won at last, and the vagabond, guilty now of a tragic and awful thing of which his lingering dog instinct vaguely accused him, had gone back forever to the wary wanderers from which he had descended, and from whose silent lurking places in the shadowy forests he had strayed for the space of a generation.


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LANNING three meals a day, three hundred and sixty-five days in the year, may be a most interesting game or may result in a deadly monotony of dishes. Nevertheless, people have to be fed and most families are happier if they have occasional guests.

Nutrition authorities tell us that fresh fruit and vegetables and milk are daily necessities for well planned meals. To keep these properly, requires refrigeration.

Because of the part the refrigerator plays in the care of foodstuffs and the preparation of meals it is desirable to have it as near as possible to the place where cooking is done and to the dining room as well.

From the chilled fruit that is served for breakfast, the ice cubes that are frozen for


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 water, the milk given to the children, the firm butter squares or balls, the crisp salad and the cold or frozen dessert that completes the dinner, to the iced beverage that is so popular when taken just before retiring, the refrigerator plays an important part in making food appetizing and inviting.

With a reliable refrigerator not only fresh food supplies but left-overs are kept from spoiling. With a little thought you will find that almost anything can go into a soup, hash, stew, salad or ice cream. Many of the dishes suggested in the menus may be made of small amounts of foodstuff added to salad dressing, whipped cream or custard.

We suggest that you study the recipes and especially the suggestions that follow many of the recipes until you acquire the dare to make other combinations than those suggested. Salads and desserts not listed in any cook book can easily and quickly be put together, and never twice alike. If chilled or frozen they will be greeted by a delighted family. All the alluring drug store favorites can be prepared from pure materials and served at meal time, as they should be.


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Page:The life of Charlotte Brontë (IA lifeofcharlotteb01gaskrich).pdf/106

 Contents:—1. The Beauty of Nature; 2. A Short Poem; 3. Meditations while Journeying in a Canadian Forest; 4. A Song of an Exile; 5. On Seeing the Ruins of the Tower of Babel; 6. A Thing of 14 lines; 7. Lines written on the Bank of a River one fine Summer Evening; 8. Spring, a Song; 9. Autumn, a Song.

Miscellaneous Poems, finished May 30th, 1830. Contents:—1. The Churchyard; 2. Descriptions of the Duke of Wellington's Palace on the Pleasant Banks of the Lusiva; this article is a small prose tale or incident; 3. Pleasure; 4. Lines written on the Summit of a high Mountain of the North of England; 5. Winter; 6. Two Fragments, namely, 1st, The Vision; 2nd, A Short untitled Poem; The Evening Walk, a Poem, June 23rd, 1830.

Making in the whole twenty-two volumes.

, August 3, 1830.

As each volume contains from sixty to a hundred pages, and the size of the page lithographed is rather less than the average, the amount of the whole seems very great, if we remember that it was all written in about fifteen months. So much for the quantity; the quality strikes me as of singular merit for a girl of thirteen or fourteen. Both as a specimen of her prose style at this time, and also as revealing something of the quiet domestic life led by these children, I take an extract from the introduction to "Tales of the Islanders," the title of one of their "Little Magazines:"—


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Page:CTRL0000034605 - Transcribed Interview of Angela McCallum, (December 8, 2021).pdf/74

74 sent you this message?

Mr. One moment, counsel.

[Discussion off the record.]

The Okay.

Mr. Thanks, counsel.

The Can you repeat the question?

 * BY

Sure. Do you recall who sent you this message which is behind tab 5?

No. I would assume, based on the conversation, that it is a provisional ballot, you know, volunteer observer.

Great.

And, in her message, she said that—or, excuse me, this person; I'm not sure of the gender—that "we already anticipate having to go to court after our election commission hearing tomorrow. Is there a pre-prepped dec that we can use to adjust for a quick filing?"

Do you know what kind of filing this individual was referring to?

Based on, you know, the date and the conversation and it being Northampton, which is, I believe, a county in Pennsylvania, you know, I think this is related to provisional ballots for filing? You know, I don't know exactly what she's referring to. There's, you know, a process where they reject or keep provisional ballots in some kind of, you know, hearing format. So I assume that that’s the filing she's referring to.

Do you know, when she says a pre-prepped doc, what that means?

I don't.

But you believe it might relate ta something to do with provisional ballots?


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 I'll put it in my pocket rather than not stay, now we are this far away from Ancoats."

"Or I can lend you another shawl," suggested Mrs. Barton.

"Ay, any thing rather than not stay."

The matter being decided, the party proceeded home, through many half-finished streets, all so like one another that you might have easily been bewildered and lost your way. Not a step, however, did our friends lose; down this entry, cutting off that corner, until they turned out of one of these innumerable streets into a little paved court, having the backs of houses at the end opposite to the opening, and a gutter running through the middle to carry off household slops, washing suds, &c. The women who lived in the court were busy taking in strings of caps, frocks, and various articles of linen, which hung from side to side, dangling so low, that if our friends had been a few minutes sooner, they would have had to stoop very much, or else the half-wet clothes would have flapped in their faces; but although the evening seemed yet early when they were in the open fields—among the pent-up houses, night, with its mists, and its darkness, had already begun to fall.

Many greetings were given and exchanged between the Wilsons and these women, for not long ago they had also dwelt in this court.

Two rude lads, standing at a disorderly looking house-door, exclaimed, as Mary Barton (the daughter) passed, "Eh, look! Polly Barton's gotten a sweet-heart."


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 Of course this referred to young Wilson, who stole a look to see how Mary took the idea. He saw her assume the air of a young fury, and to his next speech she answered not a word.

Mrs. Barton produced the key of the door from her pocket; and on entering the house-place it seemed as if they were in total darkness, except one bright spot, which might be a cat's eye, or might be, what it was, a red-hot fire, smouldering under a large piece of coal, which John Barton immediately applied himself to break up, and the effect instantly produced was warm and glowing light in every corner of the room. To add to this (although the coarse yellow glare seemed lost in the ruddy glow from the fire), Mrs. Barton lighted a dip by sticking it in the fire, and having placed it satisfactorily in a tin candlestick, began to look further about her, on hospitable thoughts intent. The room was tolerably large, and possessed many conveniences. On the right of the door, as you entered, was a longish window, with a broad ledge. On each side of this, hung blue-and-white check curtains, which were now drawn, to shut in the friends met to enjoy themselves. Two geraniums, unpruned and leafy, which stood on the sill, formed a further defence from out-door pryers. In the corner between the window and the fire-side was a cupboard, apparently full of plates and dishes, cups and saucers, and some more nondescript articles, for which one would have fancied their possessors could find no use—such as triangular pieces of glass to save carving knives and forks from dirtying table-cloths.


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Page:CTRL0000034605 - Transcribed Interview of Angela McCallum, (December 8, 2021).pdf/75

75 Correct.

And, at the time—this was November 12th—what were you working on with respect to the provisional ballots in Pennsylvania?

Solely just, you know, coordinating with volunteers who were observing at these particular counties.

Do you recall, was there a challenge with respect to the provisional ballots in Northampton around this time?

I don't know. Like I said, there was a lot of counties that we handled in Pennsylvania, so I won't be able to recall the outcome of any particular county.

Is it your understanding that there was a provisional review process in more than one county in Pennsylvania?

Yes.

Okay. And you were involved in the various counties.

Multiple counties.

Multiple counties. So you can't recall the different Pennsylvania counties that you were involved with, with respect to provisional ballot review.

I don't—I don't think I—I mean, I don't have a comprehensive list in my head of every county. I mean, Christy and I had multiple, multiple counties. So I don't know, you know, what was going on particularly in Northampton on November 12th. I don't recall.

And I believe you said the individual who texted you might have been a volunteer. Is that right?

Yes.

So you don't believe this was someone who was working for the Trump campaign at this time.


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 However, it was evident Mrs. Barton was proud of her crockery and glass, for she left her cupboard door open, with a glance round of satisfaction and pleasure. On the opposite side to the door and window was the staircase, and two doors; one of which (the nearest to the fire), led into a sort of little back kitchen, where dirty work, such as washing up dishes, might be done, and whose shelves served as larder, and pantry, and store-room, and all. The other door, which was considerably lower, opened into the coal-hole—the slanting closet under the stairs; from which, to the fire-place, there was a gay-coloured piece of oil-cloth laid. The place seemed almost crammed with furniture (sure sign of good times among the mills). Beneath the window was a dresser with three deep drawers. Opposite the fire-place was a table, which I should call a Pembroke, only that it was made of deal, and I cannot tell how far such a name may be applied to such humble material. On it, resting against the wall, was a bright green japanned tea-tray, having a couple of scarlet lovers embracing in the middle. The fire-light danced merrily on this, and really (setting all taste but that of a child's aside) it gave a richness of colouring to that side of the room. It was in some measure propped up by a crimson tea-caddy, also of japan ware. A round table on one branching leg really for use, stood in the corresponding corner to the cupboard; and, if you can picture all this with a washy, but clean stencilled pattern on the walls, you can form some idea of John Barton's home.

The tray was soon hoisted down, and before the


text: Why Defend the Nation?

title: Why Defend the Nation?


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 merry chatter of cups and saucers began, the women disburdened themselves of their out-of-door things, and sent Mary up stairs with them. Then came a long whispering, and chinking of money, to which Mr. and Mrs. Wilson were too polite to attend; knowing, as they did full well, that it all related to the preparations for hospitality; hospitality that, in their turn, they should have such pleasure in offering. So they tried to be busily occupied with the children, and not to hear Mrs. Barton's directions to Mary.

"Run, Mary dear, just round the corner, and get some fresh eggs at Tipping's (you may get one a-piece, that will be five-pence), and see if he has any nice ham cut, that he would let us have a pound of."

"Say two pounds, missis, and don't be stingy." chimed in the husband.

"Well, a pound and a half, Mary. And get it Cumberland ham, for Wilson comes from there-away, and it will have a sort of relish of home with it he'll like,—and Mary" (seeing the lassie fain to be off), "you must get a pennyworth of milk and a loaf of bread—mind you get it fresh and new—and, and—that's all, Mary."

"No, it's not all," said her husband. "Thou must get sixpenny worth of rum, to warm the tea; thou'll get it at the 'Grapes.' And thou just go to Alice Wilson; he says she lives just right round the corner, under 14, Barber Street" (this was addressed to his wife), "and tell her to come and take her tea with us; she'll


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Page:Frank David Ely -Why defend the nation? Sound Americanism... (1924).pdf/13

FTER the manner of our forefathers” is inspirational to patriotic Americans. I know of no finer motto to point these humble thoughts on my country's faults, needs, and glories.

The lifeblood of the Republic is education; and more especially the thorough understanding and correct evaluation throughout the masses of the people of those principles and ideals of free government for the sound establishment of which our forefathers fought and died on the battlefield, and adherence to which has made America truly great.

We cannot draw blood from a turnip. Mediocrity and superficiality are crimes when caught in high places. Truth is mighty, but requires dissemination that it may exert a free influence. The principles which govern advertising in business apply with no less qualifications than those requisite in the high professions and in representative business can possibly fit men to hold public office. We must inculcate American traditions and ideals in our present and in our oncoming generations to the end that they too shall prize freedom and liberty above all other earthly gifts, and shall ever guard them as precious treasures. For even as we ourselves prize and live this inestimable heritage of ours may we rest assured that our children, and our children's children, shall likewise cherish and enjoy its blessings.

In all the real tests of her manhood America has stood staunch and unyielding. Great dangers are easier of national recognition, diagnosis, and vigorous treatment than is the insidious decay which threatens even in our outward prosperity. The why of America lies in her traditions and ideals, which must ever be preserved.

On additional duty as Reserve Affairs Officer in the Sixth Corps Area I learned that the building up of the Reserves is best accomplished by the border work of building National Defense; and the latter term is really synonymous with “Ameri-


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10 canism.” The hearty assistance and loyalty given in this work by over eight thousand Reserve officers in the States of Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin, together with the active support received from the press, have encouraged this wider effort to get the message home to the youth of the whole country. Our boys of today will tomorrow be holding the helm of the good ship Destiny, America, Unltd., and every good American should do all he can to insure fair sailing.

If these pages may arouse some added fulfillment of the need for intelligent, well directed, and sustained effort to instruct over youth in the value of their great heritage, thus insuring a sounder basis for the forming of true individual American opinion on all the great questions where these successively arise as the years roll on, then will they have accomplished the author's fondest hopes and desires.Chicago, Illinois, January 1, 1924.


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Page:CTRL0000034605 - Transcribed Interview of Angela McCallum, (December 8, 2021).pdf/76

76 I don't believe so, but I can't confirm. I don't have the number saved, so—

Right. Okay. Thank you.

Yeah, just one question. I know that we received all these documents in a production from your firm, Mr. Brothers, but I don't believe we received a privilege log. Can you explain for us the basis for redactions on this document?

Mr. Yeah. So the redactions are the First Amendment privilege we asserted in our letter that covers voters and campaign volunteers. But, I should say, that's not only a First Amendment privilege objection but also a legislative purpose and pertinence objection is the basis for that redaction.

Thank you for that response.

Setting that aside, it seems that the information that you redacted here might also be described as redacted for personal, identifying, or private information. Is that an accurate assumption on my part?

Mr. That's accurate.

Okay. All right. Let's leave it there, and then we can move on.

Great.

 * BY

Earlier, you had mentioned you'd done some work in Georgia—is that right?—in connection with the 2020 election? Or with just the recount—or just the—excuse me—the runoff elections in Georgia?

I performed work with both, both the runoff and the general Presidential election.

Sorry. Let me be more clear. I performed work for the National Republican Senatorial Committee for solely the Senate runoff. Did not do anything for the Senate general.


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 like to see her brother, I'll be bound, let alone Jane and the twins."

"If she comes she must bring a tea-cup and saucer, for we have but half-a-dozen, and here's six of us," said Mrs. Barton.

"Pooh! pooh! Jem and Mary can drink out of one, surely."

But Mary secretly determined to take care that Alice brought her tea-cup and saucer, if the alternative was to be her sharing any thing with Jem.

Alice Wilson had but just come in. She had been out all day in the fields, gathering wild herbs for drinks and medicine, for in addition to her invaluable qualities as a sick nurse and her worldly occupation as a washer-woman, she added a considerable knowledge of hedge and field simples; and on fine days, when no more profitable occupation offered itself, she used to ramble off into the lanes and meadows as far as her legs could carry her. This evening she had returned loaded with nettles, and her first object was to light a candle and see to hang them up in bunches in every available place in her cellar room. It was the perfection of cleanliness: in one corner stood the modest-looking bed, with a check curtain at the head, the whitewashed wall filling up the place where the corresponding one should have been. The floor was bricked, and scrupulously clean, although so damp that it seemed as if the last washing would never dry up. As the cellar window looked into an area in the street, down which boys


text:
Page:CTRL0000034605 - Transcribed Interview of Angela McCallum, (December 8, 2021).pdf/77

77 And then in my role for the Trump campaign, I performed work in Georgia, not physically in Georgia, but—

So let's just walk through the Trump campaign work that you did with respect to Georgia in the 2020 election.

Okay.

Can you tell us, you know, when did you get involved in the Presidential election with respect to Georgia in 2020?

Well, Georgia was one of our battleground States. Like I mentioned earlier with the elected officials outreach office, Olivia and Nick were, you know, having communications and conversations with State senators, State representatives, county commissioners, potentially county sheriffs as well. So, you know, a lot of those job duties that I mentioned earlier, like collecting information to put into weekly reports, I did that in Georgia.

Um—that's all I have for that question.

So I'll just take it step by step.

Yeah.

Did you do work with respect to Georgia for the Trump campaign before election day?

Before election day, it would be, you know, any kind of communications tracking that Olivia and Nick had me do, in respect to if there was an op-ed published or a radio interview, that was something, or if they had messaging and talking points from a conversation that Olivia had with a State rep, something like that.

And when you collected that information, tracked it, do you know how it was being used?

It was just sent in a—Madison and myself compiled that information into a


text: Why Defend the Nation?/Foreword

title: Why Defend the Nation?/Foreword