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Rh them, that none might do them harm. When they parted from those who should have them in their care, Etzel’s power did guard them on all their ways, so that none bereft them of either horse or trappings. With great speed they hasted towards Etzel’s land. To all the friends they wot of, they made known that in a short time the Burgundians would come hither from the Rhine to the Hunnish land. To the Bishop Pilgrim too, the tale was told. As they rode adown the highway before Bechelaren, men delayed not to tell Rüdeger and Gotelind, the margrave’s wife. Merry she grew that she should see them. Men saw the minstrels hasting with the tidings. They found King Etzel in the town of Gran. Greeting after greeting they gave the king, of which full many had been sent him. He blushed for very joy.

Happy of mood was the queen, when she heard the tale aright that her brothers should come into the land. She gave the minstrels great gifts as meed. This was done for honor’s sake. She spake: “Now tell me, both of you, Werbel and Swemmel, which of my kin are minded to be at the feast? Will the best of those we bade come hither to this land? Pray tell me what Hagen said when he heard the tale.”

The minstrel answered: “He came on a morning early to the council, and but little of fair speech he spake thereby. When they pledged the journey hither to the Hunnish lands, that was as words of death to the wrathful Hagen. Your brothers, the three kings, will come in lordly mood. Whoever else may come, this tale I know not of a surety. The brave minstrel Folker vowed to ride along.”


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202 “Little do I reck,” spake the queen, “whether I ever see Folker here. Of Hagen I be fond, he is a doughty hero. My spirits stand high that we may see him here.”

Then the queen went to where she saw the king. How lovingly Dame Kriemhild spake: “How like you these tales, dear my lord? What I have ever craved, shall now be brought to pass.”

“Thy wish is my joy,” spake then the king. “Never have I been so blithe of mine own kin, when they should come hither to my lands. Through the kindness of thy kinsmen my care hath fled away.”

King Etzel’s officers bade everywhere palace and hall be purveyed with benches for the guests which were to come. Thereafter the king heard from them mickle weeping.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Rh

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334 Bloedel is Bleda, the brother of Attila, with whom he reigned conjointly from 433 to 445. In our poem the name appears frequently with the diminutive ending, as Bloedelîn.

Werbel and Swemmel, who doubtless owe their introduction to some minstrel, enjoy special favor and are intrusted with the important mission of inviting the Burgundians to Etzel’s court, an honor that would hardly be accorded to persons of their rank. Swemmel appears mostly in the diminutive form Swemmelîn.

Heimburg lies on the Danube near the Hungarian border.

Misenburg is the modern Wieselburg on the Danube, twenty-one miles southeast of Pressburg.

Etzelburg was later identified with the old part of Budapest, called in German Ofen, through the influence of Hungarian legends, but, as G. Heinrich has shown, had no definite localization in the older M. H. G. epics. See Bleyer, PB. Beit. , 433 and 506. The name occurs in documents as late as the fifteenth century.

Herrat, the daughter of King Nentwin, is frequently mentioned in the Thidreksaga as Dietrich’s betrothed. She is spoken of as the exiled maid.

Nentwin is not found in any other saga, and nothing else is known of him. See W. Grimm, Heldensage, 103.

Ortlieb is not historical, and in the Thidreksaga Etzel’s son is called Aldrian. Bleyer, Die germanischen Elemente der ungarischen Hunnensage, PB. Beit. , 570, attempt to prove the identity of the names by means of a form * Arda, giving on the one hand Hungarian Aledar, Aldrian, on the other German Arte, Orte.

Hungary. According to the account in Waltharius, Hagen spent his youth as a hostage at Etzel’s court.

hostage, i. e., he has never betrayed you to your enemies.

Gran, royal free city of Hungary, on the right bank of the Danube opposite the influx of the Gran, twenty-four miles northwest of Budapest.

a thousand and sixty. This does not agree with the account in Adventure XXIV, where we read of a thousand of Hagen’s men, eighty of Dankwart’s, and thirty of


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Rh

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let us leave the tale of how they lived at Etzel’s court. More high-mettled warriors never rode in such lordly wise to the land of any king; they had whatever they listed, both of weapons and of weeds. The ruler of the Rhineland clad his men, a thousand and sixty knights, as I have heard, and nine thousand footmen, for the courtly feast. Those they left at home bewailed it in after time. The trappings were now borne across the court at Worms; then spake an aged bishop from Speyer to fair Uta: “Our friends would journey to the feasting. May God preserve their honor there.”

The noble Lady Uta then spake to her sons: “Pray tarry here, good knights. Me-dreamed last night of direst woe, how all the fowls in this land lay dead.“

“Who recketh aught of dreams,” quoth Hagen, “he wotteth not how to say the proper words, when ’t would bring him great store of honors. I wish that my lord go to court to take his leave. We must gladly ride to Etzel’s land. The arms of doughty heroes may serve kings there full well, where we shall behold Kriemhild’s feast.”

Hagen counseled the journey, but later it rued him sore. He would have advised against it, but that Gernot encountered him with such rude words. Of Siegfried, Lady Kriemhild’s husband, he minded him; he


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204 spake: “Because of him Hagen will not make the journey to the court.”

At this Hagen of Troneg spake: “I do it not from fear. Heroes, when it please you, begin the work. Certes I will gladly ride with you to Etzel’s land.” Later he carved to pieces many a helm and shield.

The skiffs were now made ready; many a knight stood there. Thither men bare whatever clothes they had. Busy they were until the even tide, then full merrily they set forth from home. Tents and pavilions were raised upon the green beyond the Rhine. When this had happed, the king bade his fair wife tarry with him. That night she still embraced her stately knight. Trumpeting and fluting rose early on the morn, as sign that they should ride. Then to the work they went. Whoso held in his arms his love caressed the fair. Later King Etzel’s wife parted them with woe.

Fair Uta’s sons, they had a liegeman, brave and true. When they would hence, he spake to the king in secret wise his mind. Quoth he: “I must bewail that ye make this journey to the court.” He was hight Rumolt and was a hero of his hands. He spake: “To whom will ye leave your folk and lands? O that none can turn you warriors from your mind! These tidings from Kriemhild have never thought me good.”

“Be the land and my little child, too, commended to thy care; serve well the ladies, that is my wish. Comfort any thou dost see in tears. Certes King Etzel’s bride will never do us harm.”

The steeds were now ready for the kings and their men. Many a one who lived there high of spirit, parted thence with loving kisses. This many a stately


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Phra Bat Somdet Phra Paramin Maha Bhumibol Adulyadej gives a great royal command by which He orders with His pleasure that it be announced as follows:

Whereas it is appropriate to improve the law on Thammasat University;

Therefore, by and with the advice and consent of the National Assembly, He orders with His gracious pleasure that the following Act be enacted:

This Act is called the "Thammasat University Act, 2531 BE".

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 lies but 40 Miles to the Wet off of Iceland; beginning from the 59th Degree 50 Minutes. The Eatern Coat extends itelf in the North as far as between 78 and 80 Degrees; which is thought to be an Iland, eparated from Rh

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 This Act shall come into force from the day following the day of its publication in the Royal Gazette onwards.

Repealed shall be—

the Thammasat University Act, 2495 BE;

the Thammasat University Act (No. 2), 2499 BE;

the Thammasat University Act (No. 3), 2499 BE;

the Thammasat University Act (No. 4), 2500 BE;

the Announcement of the Revolutionary Party No. 178, dated 19 July 2515 BE;

the Thammasat University Act (No. 5), 2516 BE.

All laws, statutes, and regulations which have already been incorporated into this Act or which are contrary or repugnant to the provisions of this Act shall be replaced by this Act.

Thammasat University under the Thammasat University Act, 2495 BE, shall become Thammasat University under this Act and shall be a juristic person.

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 In this Act—

"University" means Thammasat University;

"University Council" means Thammasat University Council.

The Subminister of Universities shall be in charge of the execution of this Act and shall have the power to issue announcements of the Subministry of Universities for execution of this Act.

Those announcements of the Subministry of Universities shall come into force upon publication in the Royal Gazette.

The University shall be an institution of education and research with objectives to provide education, promote advanced academic affairs and professions, conduct teaching, conduct research, provide academic services to the society, and nurture arts and culture of the Nation.

Public bodies of the University may be divided into the following:

Office of the Rector;

graduate colleges;

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2 the Continent of Greenland. The Wetern Shore is dicover'd as far as 70 odd Degrees. Whether it be a large Iland, or borders upon Countries to the North, is not yet found out; there eems great Reaon to believe, it is contiguous to America on the Side; becaue there we meet with the Bay or Inlet, which in the  is called Davis's Strait, from an Englihman, who in the Year 1585 was the firt Dicoverer of it; and is yearly frequented by Ships of different Nations, on account of the  But no Body as yet has been able to find out the Bottom of it. And according to the Notice we have endeavoured to gather from thoe Greenlanders who live farthet to the North, there is either but a very narrow Paage between America and Greenland; or, as is mot likely, they are quite contiguous : and I am the more inclined to believe

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Rh believe this, becaue the farther you go Northwards in the aid Strait, the lower is the Land; contrary to what we oberve, where it borders on the Seas or main Ocean, it never wants lofty Promontories. It has been the commonly received Opinion, of a long tanding, that Greenland borders upon the Aiatic Tartary, and Mocovia on the ; what confirms them in this Notion is an old Story they give Credit to, that a certain Harrald Goat did travel by Land, over Mountains and Rocks, from Greenland to Norway, bringing along with him a of whoe Milk he lived on the Journey; by which he got the Surname of Harrald Goat. Furthermore, the ancient Greenland Chritians in their Chro- Rh

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 faculties;

colleges;

independent sections.

In order to execute one or several of the objectives under section 7, the University may establish as its public bodies institutes, bureaus, centres, or agencies called otherwise which are equivalent to faculties.

Public bodies of the Office of the Rector may be divided into divisions or agencies called otherwise which are equivalent to divisions.

Public bodies of a graduate college, faculty, college, or independent section may be divided into departments, divisions, secretariats, or agencies called otherwise which are equivalent to departments or divisions.

Public bodies of an institute, bureau, centre, or agency called otherwise which is equivalent to a faculty according to section 8, paragraph 2, may be divided into divisions, secretariats, or agencies called otherwise which are equivalent to divisions.

Public bodies of a division, secretariat, or agency called otherwise which is equivalent to a division may be divided into subdivisions or agencies called otherwise which are equivalent to subdivisions.

Establishment, merger, or dissolution of the Office of the Rector, graduate colleges, faculties, colleges, independent departments, institutes, bureaus, centres,

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4 nicles relate, that there were come to them from the Northern Parts, foreign and Sheep, marked upon the Ears, and with ome Marks tied to their Horns; from which they concluded, that the Northern Parts of Greenland were alo inhabited. Vid. Theodore Torlaccius. But the contrary is proved by later Experiments made by the Navigation of Dutchmen and others to the North. See Zordrager's Greenland-Fihery, Part II. Ch. 10.

Greenland is a high and rocky Country, always covered with Ice and Snow (except on the and in the Bays or Inlets) which never thaws nor melts away. You may judge of the Height by the Propect they yield at more than 20 Norway Miles Ditance from the Shore. The whole Coat is urrounded with a vat Number of large and mall Ilands. There are a great many Inlets and large Rivers to be met with, among which the Principal is called Baal's River in 64 Degrees, and has been navigated 18 or 20 Norway Miles up the Country;

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text: The Incas of Peru/Appendix D

title: The Incas of Peru/Appendix D


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 or agencies called otherwise which are equivalent to faculties according to section 8 shall be effected by royal decrees.

Division of public bodies into departments, divisions, secretariats, or agencies called otherwise which are equivalent to departments or divisions shall be effected by announcements of the Subministry of Universities.

Subject to the objectives under section 7, the University may affiliate to itself other advanced education institutions or research institutions, and shall have the power to confer degrees, diplomas, or certificates at any level to persons who have completed education at those advanced education institutions or research institutions.

Affiliation of an advanced education institution or research institution, or cancellation thereof, shall be effected by a royal decree.

Control of the affiliated advanced education institutions or research institutions shall be as set out in the regulations of the University.

Apart from the money designated in the national budget, the University has the following income and property:

benefit money and fees which belong to the University;

income or benefit which is obtained from the use of the crown land administered, taken care of, or utilised by the University;

money and property which are dedicated to the University;

other income or benefit.

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 The picture arrangements on the Gallery's walls does not meet the most elementary museum requirements. Without any system the paintings have been permanently set into the walls and are separated from each other by only a narrow framework, which arrangement makes an intelligent examination of the Gallery impossible. Besides, many pictures, owing to differences in atmospheric conditions, have suffered considerably: they have shown cracks and in many places paints have deteriorated—all this threatening to ruin the pictures. The system of cataloguing the artists was arbitrary; for instance, paintings of the Netherlands school were ascribed to Italian masters; first-class works were left unclassified, while second-rate things were ascribed to first-class masters.

The Collegium has decided to remove from the Palace's Gallery paintings interesting from the point of view of scientific examination, and transfer them to the gallery of the Rumiantzev Museum where the paintings, after restoration and investigation, might be exhibited for popular examination.

Special mention is made of a few pictures of the Rembrandt School, two Netherlands primitives, one Florentine portrait of the 16th century, a sketch by Rubens, and finally a number of paintings by Italian masters of the 17th century.

Whereas, the Moscow Municipal Art Gallery—foundation of P. & S. M. Tretiakovs—in the domain or art and culture has risen to the level of an institution carrying out State-wide educational functions; and that the interests of the working-class demand that the Tretiakov's Gallery become one of the State museums whose activities have been under the direction of the People's Commissariat of Education—the Soviet of People's Commissaires decrees:

1. The Moscow Municipal Art Gallery, founded of P. & S. M. Tretiakovs, be declared State property of the Soviet Republic and placed under jurisdiction of the People's Commissariat of Education, subject to same regulations governing the rest of State Museums.

2. The Collegium in charge of the museums and preservations of art objects and relics of the past attached to the People's Commissariat of Education is to speedily draw up and put in operation the new regulation concerning the management of the Gallery and its activity in accordance with present day museum requirements and


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Rh Country; where the firt Danih Lodge was ettled in the Year 1721. In all you will find laid down Forbiher's Strait and , which, they pretend, form two large Ilands, adjacent to the  which, I think, are not to be found, at leat, not upon the Coat of Greenland; for I cou'd not meet with any thing like it, in the Voyage I undertook in the Year 1723 Southward, going upon Dicoveries; though I went as far as to 60 Degrees that Way: But at preent the newer Carts lay them down, the Northern Strait in 63, and the Southern in 62 Degrees. Some of the Ancients, which Thormoder follows in his Greenlandd Hitory, place them between 61 and 60 Degrees. So that the Carts differ mightily in this Particular. Beides this, there is not a Word or a Syllable mention'd in our ancient Records of Greenland of the aforeaid two Straits and large Ilands: They only inform us, that after the old Norwegians and Icelanders had began to ettle Colonies on the Eat Side of Greenland, over againt Rh

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 problems of democratization of art, educational institutions of the Russian Soviet Republic.

The Soviet Government, as the reader will observe if he refers to Document No. 1, above—discovered that the bourgeoisie was selling its works of art and also looting public collections and selling their paintings to foreign collectors. As this was hostile to the artistic interests of the proletariat, the exportation of art objects was prohibited (Document No. 24); but in another field, the Soviet Government was eager to part with art objects, namely, such as had been taken by conquest or other dishonest means, from Poland, and, with this object in view, a census of such objects in Russian museums was undertaken (Document No. 25).

The Collegium of the Commissariat of Education has passed a decree prohibiting the export and sale of art objects and relics abroad and laid it before the Soviet of People's Commissaries.

The Museum Section is preparing an instruction concerning this prohibition and elucidating the decree.

The Section invites representatives of the Commissariat and Custom House Department, with a view of cooperating in the solution of problems connected with the practical realization of the decree.

From the Commissariat in charge of properties of the Rus-treasuries of the Russian Federated Soviet Republic.

To all museums, palaces, galleries and other art and science treasuries of the Russian Soviets Federated Republic.


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6 Iceland, they continued to pread themelves all along the Shore and in the Bays; as far as Baal's River, where they did top; and where we find many Ruins of the old Norwegian Edifices. And whereas I myelf have lately met with o many Stone Buildings, o far to the South, I think my Concluion is good, that the Land upon which thee Houes tand, is no particular Iland, but contiguous to the Main. It is therefore very reaonable to believe, that whereas the Ancients took Notice of, and o accurately decribed, all thoe Bays and Ilands that were inhabited; they would not have paed by in Silence thee two large Ilans, whereupon uch tately Buildings were erected. And for this Reaon I have hereto joined a new Map or Delineation of Greenland, to hew the Contiguounes of the Eat and Wet Greenland, agreeably to other new Carts of Thermoder and others; which I follow as far as I find them not contradictory to the Decription of the Ancients, and to my own Experience.

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Owing to an acute shortage of paints on the markets, the Moscow Art Collegium has decided to establish its own factory for manufacturing paints, with an experimental laboratory, attached.

The establishment of such a factory will no doubt play an important part since Germany, possessing in abundance all kinds of chemical products, may, as soon as commercial relations are


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70 Belly. The thicket and tronget Sinews are in the Tail, which erves him for a Rudder, as his Fins do for Oars, wherewith he wims with an atonihing Swiftnes, proportioned to his Bulk, leaving a Track in the Sea, like a great Ship; and this is called his Wake, by which he is often followed.

These are as hy and timorous as they are huge and bulky; for as oon as they hear a Boat rowing, and perceive any Body's Approach, they immediately hoot under Water and plunge into the Deep; but when they find themelves in Danger, then they hew their great and urpriing Strength; for then they break to Pieces whatever comes in their Way; and if they hould hit a Boat, they would beat it in a thouand Pieces. According to the Relation of the the Whale being truck, will run away with the Line ome Hundreds of Fathoms long, fater than a Ship under full Sail. Now one would think, that uch a vat Body hould need many 1


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 The University shall have the power to administer, take care of, maintain, use, and seek benefit from its property which is the crown land according to the law on crown land.

The income of the University is not required to be sent to the Ministry of Finance according to the law on treasury reserve and the law on budgetary procedure.

All the income and property of the University must be managed for the benefits which are within the scope of the objectives of the University according to section 7.

The money and property dedicated to the University must be managed in accordance with the conditions designated by the dedicators and in line with the objectives of the University.

There shall be a University Council composed of—

the Chair of the University Council who is appointed by His Gracious Majesty;

the Deputy Chair of the University Council who is the Rector ex officio;

nine Members of the University Council who are elected from amongst the holders of the positions of Deputy Rectors, deans, independent section chiefs,

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576 up the stairway with the two boys. She had dined with the family and was putting the two boys into their beds. It was a privilege she claimed when she dined with the Walkers.

Hugh had hurried upstairs immediately after dining. He knew where his wife was. She was downstairs, sitting undera lamp, reading one of the books of Robert Louis Stevenson.

For a long time Hugh could hear the voices of children on the floor above. Then the thing happened.

Mary Cochran came down the stairway that led past the door of his room. She stopped, turned back and climbed the stairs again to the room above. Hugh arose and stepped into the hallway. The schoolgirl had returned to the children's room because she had been suddenly overtaken with a hunger to kiss Hugh's oldest boy, now a lad of nine. She crept into the room and stood for a long time looking at the two boys, who unaware of her presence had gone to sleep. Then she stole forward and kissed the boy lightly. When she went out of the room Hugh stood in the darkness waiting for her. He took hold of her hand and led her down the stairs to his own room.

She was terribly afraid and her fright in an odd way pleased him. "Well," he whispered, "you can't understand now what is going to happen here but some day you will. I'm going to kiss you and then I am going to ask you to go out of this house and never come back."

He held the girl against his body and kissed her upon the cheeks and lips. When he led her to the door she was so weak with fright and with new, strange, trembling desires that she could with difficulty make her way down the stairs and into his wife's presence. "She will lie now," he theught, and heard her voice coming up the stairs like an echo to his thoughts. "I have a terrible headache. I must hurry home," he heard her voice saying. The voice was dull and heavy. It was not the voice of a young girl.

"She is no longer like a young tree," he thought. He was glad and proud of what he had done. When he heard the door at the back of the house close softly his heart jumped. A strange quivering light came into his eyes. "She will be imprisoned but I will have nothing to do with it. She will never belong to me. My hands will never build a prison for her," he thought with grim pleasure.

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 unique position, endowed with a unique talent, and shedding a unique light upon the lives of the mass of mankind, he is surely worthy of prolonged and patient study.

That there should be such a book as Pepys's Diary is incomparably strange. Pepys, in a corrupt and idle period, played the man in public employments, toiling hard and keeping his honour bright. Much of the little good that is set down to James the Second comes by right to Pepys; and if it were little for a king, it is much for a subordinate. To his clear, capable head was owing somewhat of the greatness of England on the seas. In the exploits of Hawke, Rodney, or Nelson, this dead Mr. Pepys of the Navy Office had some considerable share. He stood well by his business in the appalling plague of 1666. He was loved and respected by some of the best and wisest men in England. He was President of the Royal Society; and when he came to die, people said of his conduct in that solemn hour—thinking it needless to say more—that it was answerable to the greatness of his life. Thus he walked in dignity, guards of soldiers sometimes attending him in his walks, subalterns bowing


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 before his periwig; and when he uttered his thoughts they were suitable to his state and services. On February 8, 1668, we find him writing to Evelyn, his mind bitterly occupied with the late Dutch war, and some thoughts of the different story of the repulse of the Great Armada: "Sir, you will not wonder at the backwardness of my thanks for the present you made me, so many days since, of the Prospect of the Medway, while the Hollander rode master in it, when I have told you that the sight of it hath led me to such reflections on my particular interest, by my employment, in the reproach due to that miscarriage, as have given me little less disquiet than he is fancied to have who found his face in Michael Angelo's hell. The same should serve me also in excuse for my silence in celebrating your mastery shown in the design and draught, did not indignation rather than courtship urge me so far to commend them, as to wish the furniture of our House of Lords changed from the story of '88 to that of '67 (of Evelyn's designing), till the pravity of this were reformed to the temper of that age, wherein God Almighty found his blessings more operative than, I fear, he doth in ours his judgments."

This is a letter honourable to the writer, where the meaning rather than the words is eloquent. Such was the account he gave of himself to his


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 contemporaries; such thoughts he chose to utter, and in such language: giving himself out for a grave and patriotic public servant. We turn to the same date in the Diary by which he is known, after two centuries, to his descendants. The entry begins in the same key with the letter, blaming the "madness of the House of Commons" and "the base proceedings, just the epitome of all our public proceedings in this age, of the House of Lords;" and then, without the least transition, this is how our diarist proceeds: "To the Strand, to my bookseller's, and there bought an idle, rogueish French book, L'escholle des Filles, which I have bought in plain binding, avoiding the buying of it better bound, because I resolve, as soon as I have read it, to burn it, that it may not stand in the list of books, nor among them, to disgrace them, if it should be found." Even in our day, when responsibility is so much more clearly apprehended, the man who wrote the letter would be notable; but what about the man, I do not say who bought a roguish book, but who was ashamed of doing so, yet did it, and recorded both the doing and the shame in the pages of his daily journal?

We all, whether we write or speak, must somewhat drape ourselves when we address our fellows; at a given moment we apprehend our character


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 and acts by some particular side; we are merry with one, grave with another, as befits the nature and demands of the relation. Pepys's letter to Evelyn would have little in common with that other one to Mrs. Knipp which he signed by the pseudonym of Dapper Dicky; yet each would be suitable to the character of his correspondent. There is no untruth in this, for man, being a Protean animal, swiftly shares and changes with his company and surroundings; and these changes are the better part of his education in the world. To strike a posture once for all, and to march through life like a drum-major, is to be highly disagreeable to others and a fool for oneself into the bargain. To Evelyn and to Knipp we understand the double facing; but to whom was he posing in the Diary, and what, in the name of astonishment, was the nature of the pose? Had he suppressed all mention of the book, or had he bought it, gloried in the act, and cheerfully recorded his glorification, in either case we should have made him out. But no; he is full of precautions to conceal the "disgrace" of the purchase, and yet speeds to chronicle the whole affair in pen and ink. It is a sort of anomaly in human action, which we can exactly parallel from another part of the Diary.

Mrs. Pepys had written a paper of her too just


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Enabling South African scientists to convert taxonomic publications into digitally accessible knowledge

May 16, 2023

Plazi and SANBI (South African National Biodiversity Institute) conducted a training Course in Pretoria April 18 to 21, 2023, to teach local scientists how to facilitate the access and reuse of scholarly published taxonomic data by themselves as well as the scientific community at large.

The course had the participation of 21 researchers, curators, technicians, and Postgraduate students from different South Africa’s biodiversity institutions and Nigeria.

The compendium included theoretical and practical classes, covering conceptual to practical aspects of taxonomic publishing to data liberation and linking. It is an extension of the previous course on linking material citations and specimens. It made use of GoldenGate to liberate data, and TreatmentBank and the Biodiversity Literature Repository to disseminate and reuse it. The focus has been on South African fauna and flora. During the course 24 publications have been processed and are now available in BLR and GBIF, including 217 treatments, 101 new species, 172 figures and 642 material citations.

The course gave the participants the opportunity to start their certifications as data analysts and data liberators through Plazi’s TreatmentBank, and aimed to prepare new trainers in South Africa to increase data liberation and reuse according to the FAIR data concept.

The preparation, organization and conduction of the workshop has been supported by the Arcadia Fund, SANBI, and the BiCIKL and eBiodiv projects and organized by SANBI’s Ian Engelbrecht and Plazi’s Julia Giora and Jonas Castro.


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 complaints against her husband, and written it in plain and very pungent English. Pepys, in an agony lest the world should come to see it, brutally seizes and destroys the tell-tale document; and then—you disbelieve your eyes—down goes the whole story with unsparing truth and in the cruellest detail. It seems he has no design but to appear respectable, and here he keeps a private book to prove he was not. You are at first faintly reminded of some of the vagaries of the morbid religious diarist; but at a moment's thought the resemblance disappears. The design of Pepys is not at all to edify; it is not from repentance that he chronicles his peccadilloes, for he tells us when he does repent, and, to be just to him, there often follows some improvement. Again, the sins of the religious diarist are of a very formal pattern, and are told with an elaborate whine. But in Pepys you come upon good, substantive misdemeanours; beams in his eye of which he alone remains unconscious; healthy outbreaks of the animal nature, and laughable subterfuges to himself that always command belief and often engage the sympathies.

Pepys was a young man for his age, came slowly to himself in the world, sowed his wild oats late, took late to industry, and preserved till nearly forty the headlong gusto of a boy. So, to


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 institute directors, bureau directors, centre directors, and chiefs of the agencies called otherwise according to section 8, paragraph 2;

the President of the Faculty Senate ex officio and six other Members of the University Council who are elected from amongst the regular members of the teaching faculty who have taught at the University for not less than five years and are not the holders of the positions under (3);

two Members of the University Council who are elected from amongst the civil officials of the University with the ranks of division chiefs or equivalents and are not the holders of the positions under (3);

qualified Members of the University Council numbering not less than nine but not more than fourteen, who are appointed by His Gracious Majesty from amongst persons outside the University upon advice of the Chair of the University Council, Deputy Chair of the University Council, and Members of the University Council under (3), (4), and (5).

In elections of Members of the University Council under section 14(3), the holders of the positions of Deputy Rectors, deans, independent section chiefs, institute directors, bureau directors, centre directors, and chiefs of the agencies called otherwise according to section 8, paragraph 2, shall be the electors. In elections of Members of the University Council under section 14(4), the regular members of the teaching faculty of the University shall be the electors. And in elections under section 14(5), the civil

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Page:George McCall Theal, Ethnography and condition of South Africa before A.D. 1505 (2nd ed, 1919).djvu/168

144 had spread along the southern border of the desert, various lighter coloured communities of Asiatic blood had settled south-west of the Red sea, and Bushmen occupied the remainder of the continent, except perhaps where a little horde of Hottentots tended their flocks somewhere between the gulf of Aden and Lake Tanganyika, and maybe highly skilled people, Arab and Indian, were delving for gold in the Rhodesia of our day. This is no sketch of fancy, but what must have been, or the condition of Africa past and present is altogether unexplainable.

The band of immigrants conquered a section of the earlier inhabitants, and incorporated its girls, possibly some of its boys also, but destroyed all the others. Then, after a time, it separated into two or more tribes, each of which pursued a distinct career of conquest, one incorporating Asiatic girls, another negro girls, still another girls of Bushman blood. The tribes increased, and fought with each other, some were destroyed, others grew stronger and stronger, and pushed their way ever southward, where there were no other people than Bushmen to oppose them. The principal line of migration was down the eastern coast, and so when a tribe moving down the centre of the continent reached the region of the great lakes, the Hottentots were obliged to flee to the south-west. In that direction the advance of the Bantu was much slower than on the other side of the continent, for there is every indication that the lower bank of the Zambesi was reached long before the valley of the Congo was occupied.

It is possible that Arabic or Indian documents may some day be discovered which will throw light upon the migration of the Bantu down the eastern coast. At present much information from books concerning any part of the continent south of the Sahara, or of the people occupying it in ancient times, cannot be obtained. The following is all that the author of this volume has been able to gather:

Dr. Budge, in his valuable work on Egypt already mentioned, gives an account of the raising of an army of black men in the valley of the Nile above Nubia 3233 years before the commencement of the Christian era, but whether those black men had, or had not, any connection with the Bantu there are no means of


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 come rightly at the spirit in which the Diary was written, we must recall a class of sentiments which with most of us are over and done before the age of twelve. In our tender years we still preserve a freshness of surprise at our prolonged existence; events make an impression out of all proportion to their consequence; we are unspeakably touched by our own past adventures, and look forward to our future personality with sentimental interest. It was something of this, I think, that clung to Pepys. Although not sentimental in the abstract, he was sweetly sentimental about himself. His own past clung about his heart, an evergreen. He was the slave of an association. He could not pass by Islington, where his father used to carry him to cakes and ale, but he must light at the "King's Head" and eat and drink "for remembrance of the old house sake." He counted it good fortune to lie a night at Epsom to renew his old walks, "where Mrs. Hely and I did use to walk and talk, with whom I had the first sentiments of love and pleasure in a woman's company, discourse and taking her by the hand, she being a pretty woman." He goes about weighing up the Assurance, which lay near Woolwich underwater, and cries in a parenthesis, "Poor ship, that I have been twice merry in, in Captain Holland's time;" and after revisiting the Naseby, now changed into


text: Index:Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Col.) of Canada and United States of America. Part I. Subfamilies Parandrinae, Prioninae and Spondylidinae.pdf


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Page:The Indo-Aryan Races, a study of the origin of Indo-Aryan people and institutions.djvu/10

In the second session of the Bengal Literary Conference held at Rajshahi in February, 1909, it was resolved to cause enquiries to be made and publish a monograph on the origin of the Bengali people. On behalf of the organisers of the Conference I requested my learned friend, Mr. Ramāprasād Chanda, who read a paper on this subject in the Conference, to undertake the work. It was originally contemplated that the monograph should be published in the Bengali language; but as Mr. Chanda was for writing out the results of his investigations in English for submitting them to the scrutiny of all scholars interested in the subject, I agreed to the proposal with the approval of my revered teacher and friend, Principal Ramendra Sundar Trivedi, who had moved the resolution in the Conference.

The delay in the publication is due partly to the many disadvantages under which the author had to work and partly to his natural diffidence. Meanwhile the Varendra Research Society was established and I placed funds at its disposal for the publication of this work.

I have now great pleasure in introducing this very interesting work to the public and hope it will stimulate further research in this new line.


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 the Charles, he confesses "it was a great pleasure to myself to see the ship that I began my good fortune in." The stone that he was cut for he preserved in a case; and to the Turners he kept alive such gratitude for their assistance that for years, and after he had begun to mount himself into higher zones, he continued to have that family to dinner on the anniversary of the operation. Not Hazlitt nor Rousseau had a more romantic passion for their past, although at times they might express it more romantically; and if Pepys shared with them this childish fondness, did not Rousseau, who left behind him the Confessions, or Hazlitt, who wrote the Liber Amoris, and loaded his essays with loving personal detail, share with Pepys in his unwearied egotism? For the two things go hand in hand; or, to be more exact, it is the first that makes the second either possible or pleasing.

But, to be quite in sympathy with Pepys, we must return once more to the experience of children. I can remember to have written, in the fly-leaf of more than one book, the date and the place where I then was—if, for instance, I was ill in bed or sitting in a certain garden; these were jottings for my future self; if I should chance on such a note in after years, I thought it would cause me a particular thrill to recognise myself


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1


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 "Well, well, you are my officer, you know, and if any thing is wrong"

"I'll take the blame," said Inglis. "Come, another pot of ale, and let us to Tillietudlem.—Here, blind Bess! where the devil has the old hag, crept to?"

"Delay them as long as you can," whispered Morton, as he thrust his purse into the hostess's hand, "all depends on gaining time."

Then, walking swiftly to the place where the girl held his horse ready, "To Fairyknowe?—no; alone I could not protect them.—I must instantly to Glasgow. Wittenbold, the commandant there, will readily give me the support of a troop, and procure me the countenance of the civil power. I must drop a caution as I pass. Come, Moorkopf," he said, addressing his horse as he mounted him,—"this day must try your breath and speed."


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 across the intervening distance. Indeed, I might come upon them now, and not be moved one tittle—which shows that I have comparatively failed in life, and grown older than Samuel Pepys. For in the Diary we can find more than one such note of perfect childish egotism; as when he explains that his candle is going out, "which makes me write thus slobberingly;" or as in this incredible particularity, "To my study, where I only wrote thus much of this day's passages to this*, and so out again;" or lastly, as here, with more of circumstance: "I staid up till the bellman came by with his bell under my window, as I was writing of this very line, and cried, 'Past one of the clock, and a cold, frosty, windy morning.'" Such passages are not to be misunderstood. The appeal to Samuel Pepys years hence is unmistakable. He desires that dear, though unknown, gentleman keenly to realise his predecessor; to remember why a passage was uncleanly written; to recall (let us fancy, with a sigh) the tones of the bellman, the chill of the early, windy morning, and the very line his own romantic self was scribing at the moment. The man, you will perceive, was making reminiscences—a sort of pleasure by ricochet, which comforts many in distress, and turns some others into sentimental libertines: and the whole book, if


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 you will but look at it in that way, is seen to be a work of art to Pepys's own address.

Here, then, we have the key to that remarkable attitude preserved by him throughout his Diary, to that unflinching—I had almost said, that unintelligent—sincerity which makes it a miracle among human books. He was not unconscious of his errors—far from it; he was often startled into shame, often reformed, often made and broke his vows of change. But whether he did ill or well, he was still his own unequalled self; still that entrancing ego of whom alone he cared to write; and still sure of his own affectionate indulgence, when the parts should be changed, and the Writer come to read what he had written. Whatever he did, or said, or thought, or suffered, it was still a trait of Pepys, a character of his career; and as, to himself, he was more interesting than Moses or than Alexander, so all should be faithfully set down. I have called his Diary a work of art. Now when the artist has found something, word or deed, exactly proper to a favourite character in play or novel, he will neither suppress nor diminish it, though the remark be silly or the act mean. The hesitation of Hamlet, the credulity of Othello, the baseness of Emma Bovary, or the irregularities of Mr. Swiveller, caused neither disappointment nor dis-


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2 This catalogue is an attempt to offer the names, the geographical distribution and bibliographic references for extant taxa of Cerambycidae of Canada and United States of America.

All informations of the present catalogue were previously published, there is not unpublished data. The geographical distribution of the extant families and subfamilies in the North America is based on previously published records, supplemented by data extracted from several collections. The geographical distribution of the species from Canada were adapted from Bousquet, Laplante, Hammond and Langor, 2017. Tribes are listed in alphabetical order, and in each tribe genera and species follow the same order. Each species-group name is followed by author (s), publication year, page, and figure (if any), acronym of the institution depository of the type, host plants (when available) and when not strictly taxonomical, an abbreviated indication of the matter is given as:

ab. - aberration biol. - biological data cat. - catalogue distr. - distribution ecol. - ecological data emend. -emendation et al., - more than four authors lect. - lectotype (designation). mim. - mimetism paras. - parasites pred. - predators refs - bibliographic references rev. - revision reval. - revalidation syn. - synonymy terat - teratology var. - variety

Acronyms of the institutions or private collections mentioned in the Part III of the catalogue:

AMNH - American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States.

ANSP - Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.

BMNH - The Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom.

CASC - California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, United StatUnited States [sic]

CNCI - Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ontario, Ottawa, Canada.

EMEC - Essig Museum of Entomology, University of California, Berkeley, California, United States.

FMNH - Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, Illinois, United States

IUBC - Department of Zoology collection, Indiana University, Bloomington, United States

LACM - Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Los Angeles, California, United States.

LSUK - Linnean Society, London, United Kingdom.

MCZN - Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

MNHN - Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France

NHMW - Naturhistorisches Museum, Wien, Austria.

NHRS - Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden

USNM - National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D. C., United States.

UZIU - Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.


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These notes owe their publication to my esteemed friend Kumār Sarat Kumār Ray, M.A., M.R.A.S., of Dighapatiya, who has been pressing me to bring out a monograph on Bengali origins for the last seven years. The encouragement given by him as president of the Varendra Research Society and by my other colleagues, Mr. Akṣay Kumār Maitra, the Director of the Society, and Messrs Rādhāgavinda Basāk, M.A., and Upendranath Ghosal, M.A., has sustained me in my investigations and emboldened me to submit the first instalment of the results to the public.

Chapter I is the outgrowth of a paper entitled India and Babylonia published in East and West of Bombay of 1905, and Chapter II of another paper published in the same magazine in 1907. The latter chapter in its present form was read in a public meeting held at Darjeeling in June, 1913, under the presidency of His Excellency Lord Carmichael, Governor of Bengal. In Chapter III I have failed to notice a very learned work on Vaiṣṇavism, Professor Brajendranāth Seal's monograph submitted to the International Congress of Orientalists held in Rome in 1899. In this work the author mainly deals with the influence of Christianity on Vaiṣṇavism, but he recognises in Kṛṣṇa the historical founder of the religion. In Professor Seal's opinion Vāsudeva, Samkarṣaṇa, Pradyumna and Aniruddha were originally and Śāṇḍilya derived the root ideas of the Bhāgavata philosophy from Vedic sources.

The anthropometric data embodied in the appendix are the results of measurements taken in 1909 and 1910. In 1909 Mr. Śaśadhar Ray, the Bengali writer, and myself, took measurements of the head form


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 galloped after the dogs. I swore, and tugged, and pulled, but I was powerless. This English General rode his horse with a snaffle only, and the beast had a mouth of iron. It was useless to pull him back. One might as well try to keep a Grenadier from a wine bottle. I gave it up in despair, and, settling down in the saddle, I prepared for the worst which could befall.

What a creature he was! Never have I felt such a horse between my knees. His great haunches gathered under him with every stride, and he shot forward ever faster and faster, stretched like a greyhound, while the wind beat in my face and whistled past my ears. I was wearing our undress jacket, a uniform simple and dark in itself—though some figures give distinction to any uniform —and I had taken the precaution to remove the long panache from my busby. The result was that, amidst the mixture of cos-tumes in the hunt, there was no reason why mine should attract attention, or why these men, whose thoughts were all with the chase, should give any heed to me. The idea that a French officer might be riding with them was too absurd to enter their minds. I laughed as I rode, for, indeed, amid all the danger, there was something of comic in the situation.

I have said that the hunters were very unequally mounted, and so at the end of a few miles, instead of being one body of men, like a charging regiment, they were scattered over a considerable space, the better riders well up to the dogs and the others trailing away behind. Now, I was as good a rider as any, and my horse was the best of them all, and so you can imagine that it was not long before he carried me to the front. And when I saw the dogs streaming over the open, and the red-coated huntsman behind them, and only seven or eight horsemen between us, then it was that the strangest thing of all happened, for I, too, went mad—I, Etienne Gerard! In a moment it came upon me, this spirit of sport, this desire to excel, this hatred of the fox. Accursed animal, should he then defy us? Vile robber, his hour was come! A, it is a great feeling, this feeling of sport, my friends, this desire to trample the fox under the hoofs of your horse. I have made the fox chase with the English. I have also, as I may tell you some day, fought the box-fight with the Bustler, of Bristol. And I say to you that this sport is a wonderful thing—full of interest as well as madness.

The farther we went the faster galloped my horse, and soon there were but three men as near the dogs as I was. All thought of fear of discovery had vanished. My brain throbbed, my blood ran hot—only one thing upon earth seemed worth living for, and that was to overtake this infernal fox. I passed one of the horsemen—a Hussar like myself. There were only two in front of me now: the one in a black coat, the other the blue artilleryman whom I had seen at the inn. His grey whiskers streamed in the wind, but he rode magnificently. For a mile or more we kept in this order, and then, as we galloped up a steep slope, my lighter weight brought me to the front. I passed them both, and when I reached the crown I was riding level with the little, hard-faced English huntsman. In front of us were the dogs, and then, a hundred paces beyond them, was a brown wisp of a thing, the fox itself, stretched to the uttermost. The sight of him fired my blood. “Aha, we have you then, assassin!” I cried, and shouted my encouragement to the huntsman. I waved my hand to show him that there was one upon whom he could rely.

And now there were only the dogs between me and my prey. These dogs, whose duty it is to point out the game, were now rather a hindrance than a help to us, for it was hard to know how to pass them. The huntsman felt the difficulty as much as I, for he rode behind them, and could make no progress towards the fox. He was a swift rider, but wanting in enterprise. For my part, I felt that it would be unworthy of the Hussars of Conflans if I could not overcome such a difficulty as this. Was Etienne Gerard to be stopped by a herd of fox-dogs? It was absurd. I gave a shout and spurred my horse.

“Hold hard, sir! Hold hard!” cried the huntsman.

He was uneasy for me, this good old man, but I reassured him by a wave and a smile. The dogs opened in front of me. One or two may have been hurt, but what would you have? The egg must be broken for the omelette. I could hear the huntsman shouting his congratulations behind me. One more effort, and the dogs were all behind me. Only the fox was in front.

Ah, the joy and pride of that moment! To know that I had beaten the English at their own sport. Here were three hundred all thirsting for the life of this animal, and yet it was I who was about to take it. I thought of my comrades of the light cavalry brigade, of my mother, of the Emperor, of


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 gust to their creators. And so with Pepys and his adored protagonist: adored not blindly, but with trenchant insight and enduring, human toleration. I have gone over and over the greater part of the Diary; and the points where, to the most suspicious scrutiny, he has seemed not perfectly sincere, are so few, so doubtful, and so petty, that I am ashamed to name them. It may be said that we all of us write such a diary in airy characters upon our brain; but I fear there is a distinction to be made; I fear that as we render to our consciousness an account of our daily fortunes and behaviour, we too often weave a tissue of romantic compliments and dull excuses; and even if Pepys were the ass and coward that men call him, we must take rank as sillier and more cowardly than he. The bald truth about oneself, what we are all too timid to admit when we are not too dull to see it, that was what he saw clearly and set down unsparingly.

It is improbable that the Diary can have been carried on in the same single spirit in which it was begun. Pepys was not such an ass, but he must have perceived, as he went on, the extraordinary nature of the work he was producing. He was a great reader, and he knew what other books were like. It must, at least, have crossed his mind that some one might ultimately decipher the


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 manuscript, and he himself, with all his pains and pleasures, be resuscitated in some later day; and the thought, although discouraged, must have warmed his heart. He was not such an ass, besides, but he must have been conscious of the deadly explosives, the gun-cotton and the giant powder, he was hoarding in his drawer. Let some contemporary light upon the journal, and Pepys was plunged for ever in social and political disgrace. We can trace the growth of his terrors by two facts. In 1660, while the Diary was still in its youth, he tells about it, as a matter of course, to a lieutenant in the navy; but in 1669, when it was already near an end, he could have bitten his tongue out, as the saying is, because he had let slip his secret to one so grave and friendly as. And from two other facts I think we may infer that he had entertained, even if he had not acquiesced in, the thought of a far-distant publicity. The first is of capital importance: the Diary was not destroyed. The second—that he took unusual precautions to confound the cipher in "rogueish" passages—proves, beyond question, that he was thinking of some other reader besides himself. Perhaps while his friends were admiring the "greatness of his behaviour" at the approach of death, he may have had a twinkling hope of immortality. Mens


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Rh dame must later needs bewail. When the doughty knights were seen go toward the steeds, men spied full many ladies standing sadly there. Their hearts did tell them that this long parting boded them great harm. This doth never ease the heart.

The doughty Burgundians started on their way. Then in the land a mighty turmoil rose; on either side of the mountains there wept both men and wives. But however the folk might bear them, the knights jogged merrily along. With them rode the men of Nibelung, a thousand hauberks strong, who had left many comely dames at home whom they never saw again. Siegfried’s wounds gave Kriemhild pain.

Gunther’s liegemen now wended their way towards the river Main, up through Eastern Frankland. Thither Hagen led them, for well he wot the way. Dankwart was their marshal, the hero from Burgundian land. As they rode away from the Eastern Frankland towards Swanfield, men could tell the princes and their kin, the worshipful knights, by their lordly bearing. On the twelfth morning the king came to the Danube. Hagen of Troneg rode foremost of them all, giving to the Nibelungs helpful cheer. On the sandy shore the bold knight dismounted and bound his steed full soon to a tree. The river was swollen, the skiffs hidden away. Great fear the Nibelungs had, as to how they might come across, for the stream was much too broad. Full many a lusty knight alighted on the ground.

“Ill may it lightly hap with thee here,“ quoth Hagen, “O ruler of the Rhine. Now mayst thou thyself see the river is swollen, its flood is mighty.


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 cujusque is est quisque, said his chosen motto; and, as he had stamped his mind with every crook and foible in the pages of the Diary, he might feel that what he left behind him was indeed himself. There is perhaps no other instance so remarkable of the desire of man for publicity and an enduring name. The greatness of his life was open, yet he longed to communicate its smallness also; and, while contemporaries bowed before him, he must buttonhole posterity with the news that his periwig was once alive with nits. But this thought, although I cannot doubt he had it, was neither his first nor his deepest; it did not colour one word that he wrote; and the Diary, for as long as he kept it, remained what it was when he began, a private pleasure for himself. It was his bosom secret; it added a zest to all his pleasures; he lived in and for it, and might well write these solemn words, when he closed that confidant for ever: "And so I betake myself to that course which is almost as much as to see myself go into the grave; for which, and all the discomforts that will accompany my being blind, the good God prepare me."

Pepys spent part of a certain winter Sunday,


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 when he had taken physic, composing "a song in praise of a liberal genius (such as I take my own to be) to all studies and pleasures." The song was unsuccessful, but the Diary is, in a sense, the very song that he was seeking; and his portrait by Hales, so admirably reproduced in Mynors Bright's edition, is a confirmation of the Diary. Hales, it would appear, had known his business; and though he put his sitter to a deal of trouble, almost breaking his neck "to have the portrait full of shadows," and draping him in an Indian gown hired expressly for the purpose, he was preoccupied about no merely picturesque effects, but to portray the essence of the man. Whether we read the picture by the Diary or the Diary by the picture, we shall at least agree that Hales was among the number of those who can "surprise the manners in the face." Here we have a mouth pouting, moist with desires; eyes greedy, protuberant, and yet apt for weeping too; a nose great alike in character and dimensions; and altogether a most fleshly, melting countenance. The face is attractive by its promise of reciprocity. I have used the word greedy, but the reader must not suppose that he can change it for that closely kindred one of hungry, for there is here no aspiration, no waiting for better things, but an animal joy in all that comes. It could never be the face of an


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x of living subjects belonging to different sections of the Brāhman caste. In this work we were helped by Mr. Surya Kumār Guha, M.A., then Deputy Superintendent of Police, Rajshahi, Mr. Hem Chandra Ganguly, M.A., of the Rajshahi College, and other friends. In 1910 the Government of Eastern Bengal and Assam placed me on special duty for ethnological researches for three months on the recommendation of the Hon'ble Mr. H. Sharp, M.A., then Director of Public Instruction. In taking measurements with instruments lent by the Ethnographical Survey of India during this period of deputation I was greatly assisted by Mahārāja Sir Girijānāth Ray Bahadur, K.C.I.E., of Dinajpur, the Hon'ble Mahārāja Sir Manindra Chandra Nandī, K.C.I.E., of Kāśīmbāzār, Mahāśay Tārak Chandra Ghose of Bhagalpur, Paṇḍit Binodvihari Vidyābinod of Bhātpāḍā, Dr. Mohini Mohan Ghosh of Champanagar, Bhagalpur, Principal Rāmendra Sundar Trivedī of Calcutta, and Mr. Rākhāldās Banerji of the Calcutta Museum, to all of whom I gratefully acknowledge my indebtedness.

My thanks are also due to Professor Srish Chandra Śāstrī who drew my attention to some of the passages of the Mahābhāṣya quoted in the text and helped me in explaining their meaning, and to Mr. Akṣay Kumar Maitra and Professors Upendra Nath Ghosal and Ramesh Chandra Mazumdar who have rendered me occasional help in correcting the proofs.

The system of transliteration adopted is that recommended by the Council of the Royal Asiatic Society with the exception of ṃ for ṁ. Owing to a large number of quotations it has not been possible to follow the system consistently. Unfortunately a considerable number of mistakes also have escaped my notice.

2em


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 artist; it is the face of a viveur—kindly, pleased and pleasing, protected from excess and upheld in contentment by the shifting versatility of his desires. For a single desire is more rightly to be called a lust; but there is health in a variety, where one may balance and control another.

The whole world, town or country, was to Pepys a garden of Armida. Wherever he went, his steps were winged with the most eager expectation; whatever he did, it was done with the most lively pleasure. An insatiable curiosity in all the shows of the world and all the secrets of knowledge, filled him brimful of the longing to travel, and supported him in the toils of study. Rome was the dream of his life; he was never happier than when he read or talked of the Eternal City. When he was in Holland, he was "with child" to see any strange thing. Meeting some friends and singing with them in a palace near the Hague, his pen fails him to express his passion of delight, "the more so because in a heaven of pleasure and in a strange country." He must go to see all famous executions. He must needs visit the body of a murdered man, defaced "with a broad wound," he says, "that makes my hand now shake to write of it." He learned to dance, and was "like to make a dancer." He learned to sing, and walked about Gray's Inn Fields "hum-


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206 Certes, I ween, we shall lose here many a worthy knight to-day.”

“Why dost thou rebuke me, Hagen?” spake the lordly king. “For thine own prowess’ sake discomfit me no more, but seek us the ford across to the other bank, that we may take hence both steeds and trappings.”

“Forsooth,” quoth Hagen, “I be not so weary of life, that I would drown me in these broad waves. Sooner shall men die by my hands in Etzel’s lands. That will I well. Stay by the water’s side, ye proud knights and good, and I will seek the ferryman myself along the stream, who shall ferry us across to Gelfrat’s land.”

Then the stalwart Hagen seized his good shield. Well was he armed. The shield he bare along, his helmet bound upon his head, bright enow it was. Above his breastplate he bare a sword so broad that most fiercely it cut on either edge. To and fro he sought the ferryman. He heard the splash of water and began to listen. In a fair spring wise women were bathing for to cool them off. Now Hagen spied them and crept toward them stealthily. When they grew ware of this, they hurried fast to escape him; glad enow they were of this. The hero took their clothes, but did them naught else of harm.

Then spake one of the mermaids (Hadburg she was called): “Sir Knight Hagen, we’ll do you here to wit, an’ ye give us our weeds again, bold knight, how ye will fare upon this journey to the Hunnish court.”

Like birds they floated before him on the flood. Therefore him-thought their senses strong and good; he believed the more what they would tell him. Well


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 ming to myself (which is now my constant practice) the trillo." He learned to play the lute, the flute, the flageolet, and the theorbo, and it was not the fault of his intention if he did not learn the harpsichord or the spinet. He learned to compose songs, and burned to give forth "a scheme and theory of music not yet ever made in the world." When he heard "a fellow whistle like a bird exceeding well," he promised to return another day and give an angel for a lesson in the art. Once, he writes, "I took the Bezan back with me, and with a brave gale and tide reached up that night to the Hope, taking great pleasure in learning the seamen's manner of singing when they sound the depths." If he found himself rusty in his Latin grammar, he must fall to it like a schoolboy. He was a member of Harrington's Club till its dissolution, and of the Royal Society before it had received the name. Boyle's Hydrostatics was "of infinite delight" to him, walking in Barnes Elms. We find him comparing Bible concordances, a captious judge of sermons, deep in Descartes and Aristotle. We find him, in a single year, studying timber and the measurement of timber; tar and oil, hemp, and the process of preparing cordage; mathematics and accounting; the hull and the rigging of ships from a model; and "looking and im-


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 proving himself of the (naval) stores with"—hark to the fellow!—"great delight." His familiar spirit of delight was not the same with Shelley's; but how true it was to him through life! He is only copying something, and behold, he "takes great pleasure to rule the lines, and have the capital words wrote with red ink;" he has only had his coal-cellar emptied and cleaned, and behold, "it do please him exceedingly." A hog's harslett is "a piece of meat he loves." He cannot ride home in my Lord Sandwich's coach, but he must exclaim, with breathless gusto, "his noble, rich coach." When he is bound for a supper party, he anticipates a "glut of pleasure." When he has a new watch, "to see my childishness," says he, "I could not forbear carrying it in my hand and seeing what o'clock it was an hundred times." To go to Vauxhall, he says, and "to hear the nightingales and other birds, hear fiddles, and there a harp and here a Jew's trump, and here laughing, and there fine people walking, is mighty divertising." And the nightingales, I take it, were particularly dear to him; and it was again "with great pleasure" that he paused to hear them as he walked to Woolwich, while the fog was rising and the April sun broke through.

He must always be doing something agreeable,


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 and, by preference, two agreeable things at once. In his house he had a box of carpenter's tools, two dogs, an eagle, a canary, and a blackbird that whistled tunes, lest, even in that full life, he should chance upon an empty moment. If he had to wait for a dish of poached eggs, he must put in the time by playing on the flageolet; if a sermon were dull, he must read in the book of Tobit or divert his mind with sly advances on the nearest women. When he walked, it must be with a book in his pocket to beguile the way in case the nightingales were silent; and even along the streets of London, with so many pretty faces to be spied for and dignitaries to be saluted, his trail was marked by little debts "for wine, pictures, etc.," the true headmark of a life intolerant of any joyless passage. He had a kind of idealism in pleasure; like the princess in the fairy story, he was conscious of a rose-leaf out of place. Dearly as he loved to talk, he could not enjoy nor shine in a conversation when he thought himself unsuitably dressed. Dearly as he loved eating, he "knew not how to eat alone;" pleasure for him must heighten pleasure; and the eye and ear must be flattered like the palate ere he avow himself content. He had no zest in a good dinner when it fell to be eaten "in a bad street and in a periwig-maker's house;" and a collation


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 was spoiled for him by indifferent music. His body was indefatigable, doing him yeoman's service in this breathless chase of pleasures. On April 11, 1662, he mentions that he went to bed "weary, which I seldom am;" and already over thirty, he would sit up all night cheerfully to see a comet. But it is never pleasure that exhausts the pleasure-seeker; for in that career, as in all others, it is failure that kills. The man who enjoys so wholly and bears so impatiently the slightest widowhood from joy, is just the man to lose a night's rest over some paltry question of his right to fiddle on the leads, or to be "vexed to the blood" by a solecism in his wife's attire; and we find in consequence that he was always peevish when he was hungry, and that his head "aked mightily" after a dispute. But nothing could divert him from his aim in life; his remedy in care was the same as his delight in prosperity; it was with pleasure, and with pleasure only, that he sought to drive out sorrow; and, whether he was jealous of his wife or skulking from a bailiff, he would equally take refuge in the theatre. There, if the house be full and the company noble, if the songs be tunable, the actors perfect, and the play diverting, this odd hero of the secret Diary, this private self-adorer, will speedily be healed of his distresses.


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 Equally pleased with a watch, a coach, a piece of meat, a tune upon the fiddle, or a fact in hydrostatics, Pepys was pleased yet more by the beauty, the worth, the mirth, or the mere scenic attitude in life of his fellow-creatures. He shows himself throughout a sterling humanist. Indeed, he who loves himself, not in idle vanity, but with a plenitude of knowledge, is the best equipped of all to love his neighbours. And perhaps it is in this sense that charity may be most properly said to begin at home. It does not matter what quality a person has: Pepys can appreciate and love him for it. He "fills his eyes" with the beauty of Lady Castlemaine; indeed, he may be said to dote upon the thought of her for years; if a woman be good-looking and not painted, he will walk miles to have another sight of her; and even when a lady by a mischance spat upon his clothes, he was immediately consoled when he had observed that she was pretty. But, on the other hand, he is delighted to see Mrs. Pett upon her knees, and speaks thus of his Aunt James: "a poor, religious, well-meaning, good soul, talking of nothing but God Almighty, and that with so much innocence that mightily pleased me." He is taken with Pen's merriment and loose songs, but not less taken with the sterling worth of Coventry. He is jolly with a drunken sailor,


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 officials of the University with the ranks of division chiefs or equivalents and are not regular members of the teaching faculty shall be the electors.

The criteria and procedure for elections of Members of the University Council according to paragraph 1 shall be as set out in the regulations of the University.

The Chair and Members of the University Council shall be in their positions for a term of two years and may be reappointed by His Gracious Majesty or may be reelected.

The Members of the University Council under section 14(3), (4), and (5) retire from their positions before their terms when they lack a requirement for their memberships in the University Council.

In the event that the Chair and Members of the University Council have retired from their positions before their terms and their replacements have been appointed by His Gracious Majesty or have been elected, or in the event that Members under section 14(6) have been additionally appointed to the University Council, the appointed or elected persons shall be in the positions for the remaining terms of the Members previously appointed or elected to the University Council.

In the event that the Chair and Members of the University Council have retired from their positions, the retired persons shall continue to perform the duties until new are appointed by His Gracious Majesty or are elected, as the case may be.

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 but listens with interest and patience, as he rides the Essex roads, to the story of a Quaker's spiritual trials and convictions. He lends a critical ear to the discourse of kings and royal dukes. He spends an evening at Vauxhall with "Killigrew and young Newport—loose company," says he, "but worth a man's being in for once, to know the nature of it, and their manner of talk and lives." And when a rag-boy lights him home, he examines him about his business and other ways of livelihood for destitute children. This is almost half-way to the beginning of philanthropy; had it only been the fashion, as it is at present, Pepys had perhaps been a man famous for good deeds. And it is through this quality that he rises, at times, superior to his surprising egotism; his interest in the love affairs of others is, indeed, impersonal; he is filled with concern for my Lady Castlemaine, whom he only knows by sight, shares in her very jealousies, joys with her in her successes; and it is not untrue, however strange it seems in his abrupt presentment, that he loved his maid Jane because she was in love with his man Tom.

Let us hear him, for once, at length: "So the women and W. Hewer and I walked upon the Downes, where a flock of sheep was; and the most pleasant and innocent sight that ever I saw


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indisposition of Edith confined her to bed during the eventful day on which she had received such an unexpected shock from the sudden apparition of Morton. Next morning, however, she was reported to be so much better, that Lord Evandale resumed his purpose of leaving Fairyknowe. At a late hour in the forenoon, Lady Emily entered the apartment of Edith with a peculiar gravity of manner. Having received and paid the compliments of the day, she observed it would be a sad, one for her, though it would relieve Miss Bellenden of an incumbrance—"My brother leaves us to-day, Miss Bellenden."


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 in my life. We found a shepherd and his little boy reading, far from any houses or sight of people, the Bible to him; so I made the boy read to me, which he did with the forced tone that children do usually read, that was mighty pretty; and then I did give him something, and went to the father, and talked with him. He did content himself mightily in my liking his boy's reading, and did bless God for him, the most like one of the old patriarchs that ever I saw in my life, and it brought those thoughts of the old age of the world in my mind for two or three days after. We took notice of his woolen knit stockings of two colours mixed, and of his shoes shod with iron, both at the toe and heels, and with great nails in the soles of his feet, which was mighty pretty; and taking notice of them, 'Why,' says the poor man, 'the downes, you see, are full of stones, and we are faine to shoe ourselves thus; and these,' says he, 'will make the stones fly till they ring before me.' I did give the poor man something, for which he was mighty thankful, and I tried to cast stones with his horne crooke. He values his dog mightily, that would turn a sheep any way which he would have him, when he goes to fold them; told me there was about eighteen score sheep in his flock, and that he hath four shillings a week the year round for keeping of


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 "Leaves us!" exclaimed Edith in surprise;" for his own house, I trust in Heaven!"

"I have reason to think he meditates a more distant journey; he has little to detain him in this country."

"Good Heaven!" exclaimed Edith, "why was I born to become the wreck of all that is manly and noble? What can be done to stop him from running headlong on ruin? I will come down instantly—Say that I implore he will not depart until I speak with him."

"It will be in vain, Miss Bellenden; but I will execute your commission;" and she left the room as formally as she had entered it, and informed her brother, Miss Bellenden was so much recovered as to propose coming down stairs ere he went away.

"I suppose," she added pettishly, "the prospect of being speedily released from our company has wrought a cure on her shattered nerves."


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 "Sister," said Lord Evandale, "you are unjust, if not envious."

"Unjust I may be, Evandale, but I should not have dreamt," glancing her eye at a mirror, "of being thought envious without better cause—But let us go to the old lady; she is making a feast in the other room, which might have dined all your troop when you had one."

Lord Evandale accompanied her in silence to the parlour, for he knew it was in vain to contend with her prepossessions and offended pride. They found the table covered with refreshments arranged under the careful inspection of Lady Margaret.

"Ye could hardly weel be said to breakfast this morning, my Lord Evandale, and ye-maun e'en, partake of a small collation before ye ride, such as this poor house, whose inmates are so much indebted to you, can provide in their present circumstances. For my ain part, I like to see young folks. take some refection before they ride out upon their sports or their


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 them; and Mrs. Turner, in the common fields here, did gather one of the prettiest nosegays that ever I saw in my life."

And so the story rambles on to the end of that day's pleasuring; with cups of milk, and glowworms, and people walking at sundown with their wives and children, and all the way home Pepys still dreaming "of the old age of the world" and the early innocence of man. This was how he walked through life, his eyes and ears wide open, and his hand, you will observe, not shut; and thus he observed the lives, the speech, and the manners of his fellow-men, with prose fidelity of detail and yet a lingering glamour of romance.

It was "two or three days after" that he extended this passage in the pages of his journal, and the style has thus the benefit of some reflection. It is generally supposed that, as a writer, Pepys must rank at the bottom of the scale of merit. But a style which is indefatigably lively, telling, and picturesque through six large volumes of everyday experience, which deals with the whole matter of a life, and yet is rarely wearisome, which condescends to the most fastidious particulars, and yet sweeps all away in the forthright current of the narrative,—such a style may be ungrammatical, it may be inelegant, it may be


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 affairs, and I said as much to his most Sacred Majesty when he breakfasted at Tillietudlem in the year of grace sixteen hundred and fifty-one, and his most Sacred Majesty was pleased to reply, drinking to my health at the same time in a flagon of Rhenish wine, 'Lady Margaret, ye speak like a Highland oracle.' These were his Majesty's very words; so that your Lordship may judge whether I have not good authority to press young folk to partake of their vivers."

It may be well supposed that much of the good lady's speech failed Lord Evandale's ears, which were then employed in listening for the light step of Edith. His absence of mind on this occasion, however natural, cost him very dear. While Lady Margaret was playing the kind hostess, a part she delighted and excelled in, she was interrupted by John Gudyill, who, in the usual phrase for announcing an inferior to the mistress of a family, said "There was ane wanting to speak to her Leddyship."


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 one tissue of mistakes, but it can never be devoid of merit. The first and the true function of the writer has been thoroughly performed throughout; and though the manner of his utterance may be childishly awkward, the matter has been transformed and assimilated by his unfeigned interest and delight. The gusto of the man speaks out fierily after all these years. For the difference between Pepys and Shelley, to return to that half-whimsical approximation, is one of quality but not one of degree; in his sphere, Pepys felt as keenly, and his is the true prose of poetry—prose because the spirit of the man was narrow and earthly, but poetry because he was delightedly alive. Hence, in such a passage as this about the Epsom shepherd, the result upon the reader's mind is entire conviction and unmingled pleasure. So, you feel, the thing fell out, not otherwise; and you would no more change it than you would change a sublimity of Shakespeare's, a homely touch of Bunyan's, or a favoured reminiscence of your own.

There never was a man nearer being an artist, who yet was not one. The tang was in the family; while he was writing the journal for our enjoyment in his comely house in Navy Gardens, no fewer than two of his cousins were tramping the fens, kit under arm, to make music to the