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 fellow, and look the very Prosopopeia of Political Economy! I know exactly what you're going to say, but if you please we'll leave Turgot and Galileo to Mr. Canning and the House of Commons, or your cousin Hargrave and his Debating Society. However, jesting apart, get your hat, and walk with me as far as Evans's; where I have promised to look in, to see the Mazarin Bible, and we'll talk this affair over as we go along.

"I am no bigot you know, Vivian. I am not one of those who wish to oppose the application of refined philosophy to the common business of life. We are, I hope, an improving race; there is room, I am sure, for great improvement, and the perfectibility of man is certainly a very pretty dream. (How well that Union Club House comes out now, since they have made the opening;) but, although we may have steam kitchens, human nature is, I imagine, much the same this moment that we are

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

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Page:Travels in West Africa, Congo Français, Corisco and Cameroons (IA travelsinwestafr00kingrich).pdf/751

 1. Monitor niloticus. L.

2. Poromera Fordii, Hallow.

3. Mabouia Raddonii, Gray.

4. Cymnodactylus fasciatus, D. B.

5. Polemon Barthii, Jan.

6. Covonella fuliginoides, Gthr.

7. Grayia Smythii, Leach.

8. Hydræthiops melanogaster, Gthr.

9. Hapsidophrys lineatus, Fisch,

10. Philothamnus nitidus, Gthr.

11. Lycophidium irroratum, Leach.

12. Dipsadoboa assimilis, Matschie.

13. Naja melanoleuca, Hallow.

14. Vipera nasicornis, Shaw.

15. Atheris anisolepis, Mocq.

16. Cornufer Johnstonii, Blgr.

17. Rana crassipes, Ptrs.

Before passing on to the Fishes I offer remarks on a few of these species.

Nostril between two nasals and the suture between rostral and first labial. Lower eyelid scaly. Collar present. Back covered with scales larger than those of the tail, and strongly keeled, the keels forming continuous longitudinal ridges; sides with much smaller scales; ventral scales rather large, imbricate, keeled, the keels again forming continuous series. Fingers and toes slender, with a double series of smooth, very small scutes beneath, Femoral pores; no inguinal pores. Tail long, cylindrical.

General aspect of a Tachydromus.

The scutes on the upper side of the head show longitudinal ridges either along the middle or concentric with their margins. The anterior nasal meets its fellow in the median line behind the rostral. Anterior frontal longer than broad; an unpaired small scute between the posterior frontals. Vertical bell-shaped twice as long as broad; a pair of anterior occipitals,


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 On the ninth day of January, 1912, I went to where Sister Etter was holding meetings, at 17th street and Martindale avenue, this city. I was a total stranger—did not know a person in the house, except my good wife who had gone with me—as I was unable to go out alone.

When Sister Etter gave the altar call, I went to the altar, knelt down and the brethren and sisters laid on hands and prayed for me, and rebuked the diseases in Jesus’ name. When they laid their hands on my back I shuddered, for I was so sore and tender I could not even bear my back bathed. Just had to take a sponge and squeeze the water out gently on my back as the cancer had almost eaten through. But praise God, he took all soreness away. Something just seemed to drop on the sore spot; it seemed like four or five thicknesses of plasters. It was so real in my mind that I put my hand to my back to see how thick they were. I was not at the altar more than fifteen minutes until all pain and soreness was all gone; that awful burning sensation left and to this day has never returned—about thirty-one months—almost three years since I was healed—not a trace of the diseases left. I have been free from aches and pains; have never had a day of sickness since the day God so wonderfully healed me. On the same day I was also healed of rheumatism in my right arm and shoulder. My arm was drawn to my side; I could not dress myself. The Lord straightened my arm out and it is still straight. Praise the Lord forever. Oh, glory to Jesus, he can save and he has power to heal and he does heal. Oh, I can never tell how happy I was when Jesus touched my body and healed me. I jumped up over the altar; took off my coat and put it on again—something I had not been able to do for weeks. I said if the Lord could stop pains and aches in a moment, He was the one for me to look to.

I had an inflated rubber ring I had to take with me, for I could not sit down on the softest feather pillow, as the rectum was so sore and tender.

I let the air out of the ring; boxed it up; hung up the syringe. I was using three quarts of warm water night and morning in the bowels; three pills each evening and other medicine every two hours. I had nearly two weeks treatment in the house—I threw it all out—haven’t taken a dose of any kind of medicine since the day I was healed nor I would not take a dose for the

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Page:A grammar of Panjabee language (IA dli.csl.8227).pdf/5

4 DECLENSION OF A NOUN MASCULINE

Nom. Nominative. Genitive. Acc. and Dative. Ablative Nom. Gen. Acc. and Dat Abl, Nominative,

Genitive, Ace. and Dat. Abi, Medekulon, Medethon, Mode pason, DECLENSION OF A NOUN Ghodeenoo, a mare. Chodecton; from a mare. DECLENSION OF A COMPOUND NOUN. Sing slar. Hacha ghollà: a good horse. Hache gbodedà; of a good horse. Acc. & Dat. Hache gholenoo; a good horse. Hache ghedesten; from a good horse. Singular. Ghoda, a horse. Ghodedà; of a horse. Ghedenoo; a horse. Ghodeton; from a horse. Non. Singular. Ghodee; a mare.. Ghodeedà; of a mare. 01 Hachyan ghodyànton; from good horses. This termination is changed into dee, to agree with a feminine noun. Gen. Tedá Acc and Dat. Abl. g Main or man; L. DECLENSION OF THE 1ST PERSONAL PRONOUN. Singular. Plarad. FAMININE. Medà, or mendà; my. Menoo or mainkoo; me. Maithon, Maitheen, Mendekulon, Plural. Ghode: horses. Ghodyanda; of horses, Ghodyanoo: horses. Ghodyánton; from horses. As athon from me, Plural. Hache ghode: good horses. Hachyàn Ghodyandà, of good horses. Hachyàn ghodyánoo; good horses. STenda: Tondà; }thy. Tenon, or tunnoo; thee. Tethon, or tuthon; from thee. Plural. Ghodiyàn; mares. Ghodiyandà; of mares. Ghodiyanoo, to mares, Ghodiyanton; from mares. DECLENSION OF THE 2ND PERSONAL PRONOUN. Singular. Toon; thon. SL Asi; we. I. Asada or sadà; our. Asanoo or sânco; us. Sathon. Satheen; from us. Asatheen. Plural. Tusi, or tusàn; you. Tahada, or tusada your. Tuhannoo, or tasannoo; you. Tuhathon, or tusàthon; from you. GR
 * J stands for Jathay dialect


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Page:A grammar of Panjabee language (IA dli.csl.8227).pdf/6

5 DECLENSION OF THE SRD PERSONAL PRONOUN (PROXIMATE!) Singular. Plural. Nom. Gen. Acc. and Dat, Isnoo; this. Abl. E, this I. Isdà eendà; of this. Iskulon, isthon; from this. DECLENSION OF THE 3RD PERSONAL PRONOUN (REMOTE.) Singular Nom. O, that. Gen. Usdà; of that. Ace, and Dat. Usnoo; that. Abl. Acc. and Dal.

Usthon; from that. B: these. Inhandà; of these. Inhànoo; these. Inhà kulon: from these. Inhà pason; O: those. Onhànda; of those. Onhanoo; those. DECLENSION OF THE REFLECTIVE PRONOUN Nom. ape; self, Gen. apnà; of self. Acc. and Dat. àpnoo; to self. àpthon; from self. DECLENSION OF THE INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN (AXIMATE.) Nom. Koana: who. Gen. Kisda; whose. Nom. Gen, and Dat. Acc. Onakuloon. Onlathon; from those. Onlià pason. DECLENSION OF THE INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN (INANIMATE.) Kyà, or kee; what. Kisda, or kadà; of what. Kisnno kanoo; what, Kiathon, or kaithon; from what. Kisnoo, or kainoo. Kisthon; from whom. SL

CARDINAL NUMBERS.


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Rh ORDINAL NUMBERS.


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Page:A grammar of Panjabee language (IA dli.csl.8227).pdf/8

 OF CULTURE Fun GOYSHA KHMER OR INDIA WAS STATS CONJUGATION OF THE AUXILIARY VERB. INDICATIVE MOOD, Present Tense. Main bàn, or an; I am. Toon hen, or en; thou art. O nen, or en; he is. Perfect Past Tense. Main haisan, or sàn; I was. Toon haisen, or sden; thou wert. O haisee, see, or àhà; he was. Imperfect Main hundà sin, I was being. Toon hunda sa,en; thou wert being, Ohunda see; he was being. Main hoya sau; I had been. Toon hoyà sàen, thou hadst been. O hoyà see; he had been. Asi ban, or àn; we are. Tusi ho, or o; you are. O hain, or ain; they are. Main howanga; I shall be.. Toon howengà; thou shalst be. O hovegà; he shall be. Pluperfect Past Tense. Asi haisàn, or ahe; we were. Tusi haisàn, or ahe, you were. O haisin, or sin; they were. Past Tense. Asi hunde san; we were being. Tusi bunde så,o; you were being. O lunde san; they were being. Future Tense, Main howan; I may be. Toon hoven; thon mayst be. O hove; he may be, Asi hoye san; we had been. Tusi hoye sao; you had been, O hoye sàn; they had beer. Asi howange; we shall be. Tusi hovoge; you shall be. O hoange; they shall be. IMPERATIVE MOOD. Toon ho or o; be thou. The Negative Imperative is formed by prefixing Na. SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. Tusi hove or oo; be you, SL The relative conjunction (Harf i shart of the Arabians) is expressed by je, if, and the correlative conjunction (harf i jazà) by tàn, then. Present Tense. Asi hoviye; we may be. Tasi hove, you may be. O howan; they may be.


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 walking Pall-Mall East, as it was some thousands of years ago, when as wise men were walking on the banks of the Ilyssus. When our moral powers increase in proportion to our physical ones, then huzza for the perfectibility of man! and respectable, idle loungers, like you and I, Vivian, may then have a chance of walking in the streets of London without having their heels trodden upon; a ceremony which I have this moment undergone. In the present day we are all studying science, and none of us are studying ourselves. This is not exactly the Socratic process; and as for the γνωθι σεαυτον of the more ancient Athenian, that principle is quite out of fashion in the nineteenth century (I believe that's the phrase). Self is the only person whom we know nothing about.

"But, my dear Vivian, as to the immediate point of our consideration:—in my library, uninfluenced and uncontrolled by passion or by party, I cannot but see that it is utterly

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 that all that we are wishing and striving for can take place, without some—without much evil. In ten years' time, perhaps, or less, the fever will have subsided, and in ten years' time, or less, your intellect will be matured. Now, my good Sir, instead of talking about the active spirit of the age, and the opportunities offered to the adventurous and the bold, ought you not rather to congratulate yourself, that a great change is being effected, at a period of your life when you need not, individually, be subjected to the possibility of being injured by its operation; and when you are preparing your mind to take advantage of the system, when that system is matured and organized?

"As to your request, it assuredly is one of the most modest, and the most rational, that I have lately been favoured with. Although I would much rather that any influence which I may exercise over your mind, should be the effect of my advice as your friend, than of my

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 authority as your father; still I really feel it my duty, parentally, to protest against this very crude proposition of yours. However, if you choose to lose a term or two, do. Don't blame me, you know, if afterwards you repent it."

Here dashed by the gorgeous equipage of Mrs. Ormolu, the wife of a man who was working all the gold and silver mines in Christendom. "Ah! my dear Vivian," said Mr. Grey, "it is this which has turned all your brains. In this age every one is striving to make an immense fortune, and, what is most terrific, at the same time, a speedy one. This thirst for sudden wealth it is, which engenders the extravagant conceptions, and fosters that wild spirit of speculation which is now stalking abroad; and which, like the Dmon in Frankenstein, not only fearfully wanders over the whole wide face of nature, but grins in the imagined solitude of our secret chambers. Oh! my son, it is for the young men of the present day that I

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Author:William Kitchiner

Works

 * A Companion to the Telescope (1811)
 * Practical Observations on Telescopes, Opera-glasses, and Spectacles (1815)
 * Apicius Redivivus, or the Cook's Oracle being six hundred receipts, the result of actual experiments instituted in the kitchen of a physician, comprising a culinary code for the rational epicure (1817)
 * Peptic Precepts to prevent and relieve Indigestion (1821)
 * Observations on Vocal Music and Singing (1821)
 * The Pleasures of Making a Will (1822)
 * The Art of Invigorating and Prolonging Life by Food, Clothes, Air, Exercise, Wine, Sleep,’ &c. (1822)
 * Loyal, National, and Sea Songs of England. Selected from original manuscripts and early printed copies in the library of W. Kitchiner (1822)
 * A brief Memoir of Charles Dibdin, with some Documents supplied by Mrs. Lovat Ashe (1823)
 * The Economy of The Eyes: For the improvement of the sight, and what Spectacles are best calculated for the Eyes, and an Account of the Pancratic Magnifier (1824)
 * The Economy of The Eyes Part II: Of Telescopes, being the result of thirty years' experience with fifty-one Telescopes in the possession of W. Kitchiner (1825)
 * The Housekeeper's Ledger; a Plan of keeping Accounts of the Expenses of Housekeeping (1825)
 * The Traveller's Oracle, or Maxims for Locomotion (1827)
 * The Horse and Carriage Keeper's Oracle. By John Jervis. Revised by W. Kitchiner. Being Part 2 of the Traveller's Oracle (1827)
 * The Housekeeper's Oracle, containing a system of Carving, the Art of Managing Servants, and the Economist and Epicure's Calendar (1829)
 * The Shilling Kitchiner (1861)

title: Author:William Kitchiner


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 whole world. The Lord has proved to me beyond a doubt that I don’t need any more; He has shown to me that He has power over man; over sickness; just trust and obey Him. My bowels never moved for five weeks, but I kept on eating just the same; never had a better appetite or felt better in my life—Praise His name for ever. I am twenty pounds heavier to-day than I ever weighed before. The Lord cured me of the drink and tobacco habit also saved me at the same time. Oh, glory to Jesus forever.

To Whom It May Concern: I, the undersigned, can testify that each and every word of the above statement of Mr. Armstrong’s is true to the letter. I am his wife, also am a nurse. I took care of him when he was suffering and being eaten up with that awful cancer.

There was a large hole eaten out in his hip and the bowel discharge would drop into that hole, and I would be compelled to use my own hands to lift out the discharge, and the cancer smelled so bad that many times I would get deathly sick and several times came near fainting while working with him, but praise God He healed my husband; healed him to stay healed. The flesh is all filled in now where the hole was eaten in his hip. He is in perfect health; works twelve hours a day, six days week.

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text:
Author:John Murrell

Works

 * A New Booke of Cookerie (1617)

title: Author:John Murrell


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 —seduced by the temporary success of a few children of fortune, I observe that their minds recoil from the prospects which are held forth by the ordinary, and, mark me,—by the only modes of acquiring property—fair trade, and honourable professions. It is for you and your companions that I fear. God grant! that there may not be a moral as well as a political disorganization! God grant! that our youth, the hope of our state, may not be lost to us! For, oh! my son, the wisest has said—'He that maketh haste to be rich, shall not be innocent.' Let us step into Clarke's and take an ice."

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text: Signs and Wonders God Wrought in the Ministry for Forty Years/Chapter 29


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The Long Night

 * The Long Night, novel by Stanley John Weyman (1903)
 * "The Long Night" short story by Augusta Huiell Seaman 1907
 * "The Long Night," short story by Elisabeth Sanxay Holding (1925)

title: The Long Night


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Marquess of Carabas started in life as the cadet of a noble family. The earl, his father, like the woodman in the fairy tale, was blessed with three sons—the first was an idiot, and was destined for the Coronet; the second was a man of business, and was educated for the Commons; the third was a Roué, and was shipped to the Colonies.

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 The present Marquess, then the Honourable Sidney Lorraine, prospered in his political career. He was servile, and pompous, and indefatigable, and talkative—so whispered the world:—his friends hailed him as, at once, a courtier and a sage, a man of business, and an orator. After revelling in his fair proportion of commissionerships, and under-secretary-ships, and the rest of the milk and honey of the political Canaan, the apex of the pyramid of his ambition was at length visible, for Sidney Lorraine became President of a board, and wriggled into the adylum of the cabinet.

At this moment his idiot brother died. To compensate for his loss of office, and to secure his votes, the Earl of Carabas was promoted in the peerage, and was presented with some magnificent office—meaning nothing, swelling with dignity, and void of duties. As years rolled on, various changes took place in the

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 very significant tone. "I suppose she's one of your playing-up ladies. I think you told me she was only on a visit here."

"A pretty long visit though, for a sister-in-law—if sister-in-law she be. As I was saying to the Marchioness the other day, when Mrs. Felix offended her so violently by trampling on the dear little Julie—if it came into a Court of Justice, I should like to see the proof—that's all. At any rate, it"s pretty evident that Mr. Lorraine has had enough of his bargain."

"Quite evident, I think—eh! Dr. Sly?—Those German women never make good English wives," continued Miss Gusset, with all a Toadey"s patriotism.

"Talking of wives, didn't you think Lady Julia spoke very strangely of Sir Peter, after dinner to-day? I hate that Lady Julia, if it's only for petting Vivian Grey so. She positively called him "little love"—very flighty, and sickening.'"

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Page:NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SURVEY 18; CZECHOSLOVAKIA; THE SOCIETY CIA-RDP01-00707R000200110015-7.pdf/12

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following the war. Since the early postwar years, however, the birth rate has been in a general decline, primarily because of extensive birth control practices, and now, along with other Central European countries, is among the lowest in the world. From a postwar high of 24.2 per 1,000 persons in 1947, the birth rate dropped to a record low of 14.9 in 1968. Since then the rate has shifted upward to reach 17.3 per 1,000 persons in 1972. Between 1950 and 1968 the number of births declined by 26%, considerably higher than the average Eastern Europe decline of 16%.

The two major divisions of Czechoslovakia have long had strikingly different demographic characteristics. Those of the Czech Lands, comprising the western three-fifths of the country, are typical of Western Europe whereas those of Slovakia are more typical of Eastern Europe. The birth rate has been consistently lower in the Czech Lands than in Slovakia (Figure 2). The gap in the death rate, however, was closed as living conditions and medical facilities in Slovakia improved during the interwar period. Since the early 1950's, the death rate in Slovakia has been lower than that in the Czech Lands primarily because the population is younger. Hence, natural increase in Slovakia was twice as high as that in the Czech Lands in the interwar period and has been as much as three times higher than that in the Czech Lands in recent years. Infant mortality, however, continues to remain higher in Slovakia, which had an infant death rate of 25.4 per 1,000 live births compared with 19.3 for the Czech Lands in 1972.

Czechoslovakia's slow population growth has led to chronic labor shortages which pose a major economic problem to the country. The regime embarked on a number of schemes during the 1960's to stimulate population growth, offering financial inducements such as family allowances, maternity benefits (increased again in 1970 and 1971), rent reductions for families with similar children, and reduced tax rates for larger families. Running counter to this, however, are many factors conducive to family limitation, such as inadequate housing, the difficulty of supporting more than two children, the increasing employment of women, and the availability of abortions.

In the mid-1950's the countries of Eastern Europe followed the Soviet lead in relaxing their abortion laws. This is generally recognized to have been a decisive step, since it provided government sanction to efforts to limit the size of families. Abortion in Czechoslovakia had been legal exclusively for medical reasons, but in 1957 virtually all limitations were removed. A sharp rise in the number of abortions followed until 1961, when the government, concerned over the declining birth rate, imposed new restrictions. Although these were effective for a few years, in 1964 the abortion rate again began increasing. The number of abortions jumped from 94,000 in 1964 to 125,000 in 1970, but during 1971 the number fell to 122,000 and during 1972 to 118,000. The number of abortions in 1972 represented one abortion for every 2.1 births.

Data on life expectancy at birth reveal striking results in the control of disease over the past 40 years:

Life expectancy values for males have not improved significantly since 1955 and those for females remained much the same since 1960. Nonetheless, the 1972 values for both sexes are among the highest in the world. Furthermore, the values are about the same in Slovakia as they are in the Czech Lands. The differences between the values for the two sexes—6.8 years in 1972—is clear evidence of a more favorable mortality pattern for females.

Should mortality decline at a moderate pace and fertility remain at the 1971 level, the population is projected to increase slowly—from 14.6 million in midyear 1973 to 15.1 million in 1980, to 15.4 million in 1985, and to 15.6 million in 1990. These projections imply that the average annual rate of population increase will decline from 6.2 per 1,000 in 1972 to 4.5 in 1980, to 3.4 in 1985, and to 3.1 million in 1990.

6

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Rh secretly prepared to blow up in case of a reverse, and formed up in the plain beyond. No tactics were possible where the inequality in force was so outrageous. But we hastily threw up a breastwork, more for concealment than for any real protection, placed our two guns in the centre with the horses and ammunition in the rear, and lay down to await the foe.

We had not to wait long. Already the smoke from a thousand funnels darkened the sky to the north-west, and the confused hum as of a distant cataract announced his approach. Then a dark cloud gathered in the horizon, broken by flashes of light, and rolled towards us, growing in length and blackness, and reminding me forcibly of a sandstorm I once witnessed in the African desert. It was an awful sight, sufficient to try the nerves of more practised soldiers than those under my command.

I repeated my orders. Whatever their other defects my troops were all marksmen, and the chilled steel projectiles from their powerful rifles were sufficient to pierce boiler plating at short range.


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34 But it was on my Artillery that I placed my chief reliance. The odds were extreme, but with the rapid fire attainable by our guns, and their great range, I trusted to destroy a considerable number of the first comers and make a rampart of their corpses.

I turned once more to the men. "Now men," said I, "reserve your fire. Let the guns do the work till the enemy is within 500 yards, then each of you pick off his machine, and drive his bullet well into the centre of the boiler."

I turned my back on them and mounted the rampart, and with glass to my eye scanned intently the advancing host. Gell was beside me and we watched in silence. We could detect the outlines of the engines, though they were still some three miles off, (Gell's party had over-estimated their speed) and could see that many of them were of varied form, and furnished with appliances different to anything we had seen before, but each no doubt for its own deadly purpose. How long we gazed I know not, but the enemy seemed to be advancing less rapidly though no less steadily than before;


text: Index:บันทึกลับ (มหิธร, ๒๔๗๕).pdf

title: Index:บันทึกลับ (มหิธร, ๒๔๗๕).pdf


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Page:บันทึกลับ (มหิธร, ๒๔๗๕).pdf/1

On 30 June 2475 BE, at 17:15 hrs, His Majesty granted an audience to Phraya Manopakon, Phraya Siwisan, Phraya Prichachonlayut, Phraya Phahon, and Luang Praditmanutham at Sukhothai Palace. He said to them: "I would like to inquire of you about something and to tell you frankly that, since I was given the throne, I have been wondering why I was chosen. Maybe deities wanted me to do something.

"They might want me to undo what Rama VI had done. I then tried to pay out his debts and fix our financial conditions to make them reflourish. On my return from America, the economy, however, became depressed. I feel that it was not my fault. It was due to external situations. But I do feel that the resolutions I effected were somewhat late and weak. It ended up that because senior and proficient figures were surrounding me and going against them was unlikely to succeed.

"In addition, I think that a constitution should have been given since the reign of Rama VI, and after I succeeded him to the throne, I became so certain that it was my duty to give a constitution to the Siamese Country. Once Phraya Kanlaya (F B Sayre) came in, I conferred with him on drafting its outlines, which, however, were disapproved by the Supreme Council of State. Personally, in the initial period, I wanted to do it at two levels: upper and lower. At the lower level, there would be municipalities to teach citizens how to choose representatives. I then ordered the Law Drafting Department to draft this up, as already known by Luang Pradit.

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4 cause it is usually taken in pursuit. As soon as this takes place, the frog ceases to make any struggle or attempt to escape. The whole body and the legs are stretched out, as it were, convulsively, and the snake gradually draws in first the leg he has seized and afterwards the rest of the animal, portion after portion, by means of the peculiar mechanism of the jaws, so admirably adapted for this purpose. When a frog is in the process of being swallowed in this manner, as soon as the snake's jaws have reached the body, the other hind leg becomes turned forwards; and as the body gradually disappears, the three legs and the head are seen standing forwards out of the snake's mouth in a very singular manner. Should the snake, however, have taken the frog by the middle of the body, it invariably turns it, until the head is directed towards the throat of the snake, and it is then swallowed, head foremost." The frog is not only alive during the above process, but often after it has reached the stomach. Mr. Bell says, "I once saw a very small one, which had been swallowed by a large snake in my possession, leap again out of the mouth of the latter, which happened to gape, as they frequently do immediately after taking food."

This species is truly oviparous. Its eggs, from sixteen to twenty in number, attached together by a glutinous secretion, are deposited in some favourable locality, as a dung-hill, and are hatched by the heat developed, or that derived from direct exposure to the sun. In this circumstance it will be seen to differ from the viper, to which we must now return.

The common viper (Pelias berus) is so variable in minor features, especially in colouring, that its varieties have been described as new species. It is more common in Scotland than the snake, and is everywhere abundant in heaths, dry woods, and banks. In many parts of England is is called the adder, for between the adder and viper there is no difference. Its general colour lies between an olive and a red-brown. There is a mark between the eyes, and a zigzag black line running the whole length of the body, with a row of irregular triangular spots on each side. The scales or plates on the head are smaller, and those of the upper parts of the body longer than in the snake.

The great difference exists in the possession by the viper of poison and fangs, and facility in using them. In the upper jaw, instead of a double row of teeth, as in the snake, this reptile possesses two or three long curved fangs, with a tubular passage down them, communicating with the glands that secrete venom at their base, and open at the apex. When not in use these fangs recline backwards upon the jaw, but are instantaneously erected, when required, by the aid of a small muscle. The poison is a tasteless, yellowish fluid, innocuous when swallowed, but venomous when it enters the blood through a wound. When the viper strikes its victim, the pressure on the tooth forces a small drop of the poison from the reservoir at its base, along the tube into the wound. It is well known that if venomous serpents of this kind are irritated and caused to strike at a stick, or some other object for a few times, the store of venom becomes expended, and that afterwards their bite is comparatively harmless, until a new supply of venom has been secreted. If the snake can be regarded as our miniature representative of the boa, the viper deserves to be considered as a little apology for the rattlesnake; the rattle, of course, being excepted.

Like many other poisonous reptiles, the young of the viper are matured in the egg whilst still in the uterus of its parent, and the thin membrane which enclosed them is ruptured at their birth, so that the viper seems to be truly viviparous, as the eggs are never excluded entire. There is a firm belief extant amongst country people, who make no aspirations to science, that the young of the viper, from twelve to twenty in number, when alarmed, rush to their mother, and glide one by one down her throat for security, whence they emerge again when the danger is past. This has been so often and so seriously affirmed, that, however much we may feel disposed to doubt, we are not in a position to deny.

As neither vipers nor snakes are to be seen during the winter months, it is but reasonable to expect that some explanation of this circumstance should be given. Reptiles do not generally like cold weather, therefore they proceed to winter quarters—

Vipers and snakes [sic]hybernate in company, coiled up and torpid, in hollows at roots of trees, without food or requiring any; and in the spring resume life and activity. During the winter the venomous species secrete no poison, and if aroused and driven to the use of their fangs, appear to be powerless for mischief.

As the aim of our present chapter is to


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Translation:Likutei Moharan/9

"T'homot Y'chasyumu (The deeps covered them); they sank into the depths like a stone."

(Exodus 15:5)

[Prayer]
The essence of life-force comes from prayer, as is written (Psalms 42:9), "Prayer to the God of my life." This is why a person should pray with all his energy. When a person prays with all his strength and concentrates his energy into the letters making up the prayers, his energy is renewed there. This corresponds to (Lamentations 3:23), "They are renewed each morning; great is Your emunah (faith)." And faith is prayer, as in (Exodus 17:2), "And his hands were emunah," which Onkelos renders: "[his hands] were spread out in prayer.

[The Twelve Tribes]
And know! There are twelve tribes [in Israel], corresponding to the twelve constellations (Tikkuney Zohar #18, #21). Each tribe has its own individual version [of the prayers], and its very own gate through which its prayers enter. And, through its prayers, each tribe arouses the power of its constellation from among the twelve constellations. This constellation then radiates downwards, causing the vegetation, as well as the other things dependent on it to grow.

This is the meaning of (Numbers 24:17), "A star steps forth out of Yaaov, and a tribe stands up out of Israel." "Stands up,"  (Berakhot 6b). When a tribe of Israel stands up to pray, it thereby arouses a star and the star steps forth and strikes things to make them grow. As our Sages taught: There is not a blade of grass below that does not have a star and an angel Above, which strike it and tell it, "Grow!" (Bereishit Rabbah 10:7).

Our Sages taught: Providing with his livelihood is as difficult as splitting the Red Sea (Pesachim 118a); and :  Providing a person with his marriage partner is as difficult as splitting the Red Sea (Sotah 2a).

The Red Sea was divided into twelve lanes, paralleling the twelve tribes (Pirkey d'Rebbi Eliezer 42). Through their prayers, the Children of Israel bring about a union, between the Holy One and His Shekhinah (Divine Presence), as is written (Psalms 68:5), "Praise [i.e., pray to] the One who rides upon the aravot (highest heavens)." The "One who rides" is the Holy One; "ARaVot" refers to the Shekhinah, in whom all the supernal colors are mitAReV (blended). Commensurate with the divine union a person brings about through his prayer, so he, in turn, is granted his marriage partner. And, because there are twelve different versions of, finding one's marriage partner is therefore compared to the splitting of the Red Sea, which was [divided] into twelve.

In addition, with their prayers, the Jewish people provide sustenance for their Father in heaven. As is written (Psalms 105:10), "vayaAMiDehah (He made it stand) for Yaakov as a chok (statute)." The word chok denotes livelihood (Beitzah 16a), and AMiDah is nothing other than prayer.

This is the meaning of (Psalms 99:7), "The guarded His testimonies and He gave them a chok." The word "testimony" refers to prayer, as in (Psalms 122:4), "...the tribes of God, a testimony for Israel, to give praise [i.e., to pray] to the name of God." In addition, our Sages taught: Testimony can ony be given when standing (Shavuot 30a), and standing is prayer:  we testify to His unity.

And to the extent a person sustains his Father in heaven with his prayer, so he, in turn, is given his sustenance. Thus [the Sages taught]:...  livelihood is as difficult as splitting the Red Sea. In other words, sustenance is divided up into twelve pathways, in accordance with the twelve [prayer versions of the] tribes of God.

{Abba Binyamin said, "All my days I was very concerned about two things: about my prayer, that it should be close to my mitah (my bed); and about my mitah, that is should be positioned between north and south" (Berakhot 5b).}

It takes considerable merit for a person to be able to send his prayer up through his tribe's appropriate gate. This is what Abba Binyamin said: "All my days I was concerned about two things:  about my prayer that it should be close to my MiTaH (bed)... In other words, he wanted to pray through the gate of his MaTeH (tribe).  For there are twelve tribes and each one has its very own gate.  He prayed that his prayer should not be separated from his tribe.

Hence the word mateh, because "mateh" alludes to marital union. This is indicated in the ensuing [part of his] statement: "...about my mitah (bed), that is should be positioned between north and south" - mitah corresponding to marital union.

Furthermore, mateh corresponds to sustenance, as is written (Leviticus 26:26), "When I break your MaTeh (staff) of bread." For the twelve MaTot (tribes) bring about a union [of the Holy One and the Shekhinah] and provide sustenance , as in the abovementioned: "...his marriage partner is as difficult... his livelihood is as difficult..."

[Abba Binyamin] also prayed that  merit the "two tables" [of wisdom and prosperity]. This is the meaning of, "that my bed should be positioned between north and south." For our Sages taught: Someone who wants to become wise should face south, and someone who wants to become wealthy should face north (Bava Batra 25b).

And Yaakov - in whom all twelve tribes were collectively embodied - knew each and every tribe at its root. This is why it is written of him (Genesis 49:33), "And Yaakov gathered up his feet onto the mitah." "His feet" corresponds to prayer, as is written (Psalms 85:14), "Righteousness will go before him." In other words, [Yaakov's gathering up his feet alludes to] his gathering all the prayers.

[Yaakov] also had the power to give a portion of the world to Yosef, as is written (Genesis 48:22), "And I have given you one shekhem (one portion) over and above your brothers." For through his prayer, he sent an influx of life-force into all three parts of the universe - the lowest world, the world of the stars and the world of the angels. This is [indicated in the word] SheKheM: Shafel (lowly), Kokhav (star) and Malakh (angel). All this [Yaakov] achieved through his prayer, as the verse continues, "...[the portion] which I took from the hand of the Emorite with my sword and my bow" -  "with my prayer and supplication."

[Truth]
But when a person stands up to pray, he is beset by external thoughts and kelipot (husks) surround him. He is left in the dark, unable to pray, as is written (Lamentations 3:44), "You covered Yourself with a cloud so that no prayer could pass through."

{"The wicked go round on every side; that which is exalted is degraded by the sons of man" (Psalms 12:9)}

It is written, "The wicked go round on every side..." "The wicked," i.e., the kelipot, surround the person. "That which is exalted is degraded" - i.e., while [standing] in prayer, for [prayer] stands at the very summit of the universe (Berakhot 6b).

But know! The darkness itself contains many openings from which to exit. As our Sages taught: When someone comes to defile himself, they open up for him (Yoma 38b) - there are many openings for him. We see that even in the darkness there are many openings through which to leave. The problem is that the person [caught up in the darkness] is blind and does not know how to find the opening.

And know! A person merits finding the opening through truth. For the main light that illuminates [the openings] is God, as is written (Psalms 27:1), "God is my light and my help." But through falsehood, a person dismisses God, as in (Exodus 20:7), "You shall not swear falsely by the name of God." Through falsehood one removes [himself from] God, for (Psalms 101:7), "He that speaks falsely will not stand in My sight."

Through truth, on the other hand, God dwells with him, as in (Psalms 145:18), "God is near to all who call Him, to all who call Him in truth." And when God is with a person, He enlightens him on how to get out of the darkness that disturbs him when he prays, as in, "God is my light."

{"God said to Noach: 'Make for yourself a teivah (an ark)... Make a light for the ark, and to an amah (a cubit) techalenah (finish it) milemaalah (from above); and put the opening of the ark b'tzidah (on its side), and make it with a lower, second and third story'" (Genesis 6:14-17).}

This is the explanation of, "Make a light for the ark." Rashi explains: "some say a window, and some say a precious jewel." The difference between a window and a precious jewel is that a window has no light of its own. It is simply [a medium] for the light to enter through. But when there is no light, the window does not give light. With a precious jewel, however, even when there is no outside light the jewel shines of itself. So, too, there are people whose words are [like] a window, incapable of giving them light on their own. This is [what Rashi means by] "some say." Their "saying" becomes a window. And there are some whose "saying" becomes a precious jewel and [their words] radiate.

And know! Everything depends on the degree of truth [a person has]. For the main light is God, and god is the essence of truth. God's primary yearning is for nothing but the truth.

'...to an amah (cubit) techalenah (finish it) milemaalah (from above)." [The word TeChaLenah] has the same connotation as "And David's soul TeChaL (longed)" (cf. 2 Samuel 13:39). [And the letters of the word] AMaH allude to the Heh (five) articulators, which consist of Aish (fire) and Mayim (water).

In other words: See to it that the words leave your mouth in truth, and then, from Above, God will long to dwell with you. And when He dwells with you, He will shine for you. Thus, the initial letters of "Amah Techalenah Milemaalah" spell AEMeT (truth). For it is through truth that, from Above, God desires to dwell with man, as in "God is near to all who call Him, to all who call him in truth."

And then, "...and put the opening of the teivah (ark) b'tZiDah (on its side)." That is, ["the teivah" corresponds to] the teivah (word) that emerges in truth. This [true word] will put an opening for you in the darkness in which you are trapped. And this is "b'tZiDah" - i.e., the kelipah which is tZaD tZayiD (traps prey), as is written [of Esav], "he was a trapper with his mouth" (Genesis 25:28).

At first, [the person praying] could not even speak because of the darkness surrounding him. But, by emerging from the darkness and praying properly, he rectifies the "lower, second and third storeys" - i.e., the lowest world, the world of the stars and the world of the intellect.

{However, it it impossible to pray without studying Torah. For an ignoramus cannot be pious (Avot 2:6). And, as is written (Proverbs 28:9), "When a person turns his ear from hearing Torah, his prayer is also an abomination."}

[Mashiach]
And every person must bind his prayers to the of the generation.  tzaddik knows how to match the gates [to the prayers] and raise each and every prayer to its appropriate gate. For each and every tzaddik is an aspect of Moshe-Mashiach. As , "Moshe, you said it well" (Shabbat 101b). And it is written (Genesis 49:10), "Until Shiloh [i.e., Mashiach] comes" - this is Moshe (Zohar I, 25b).

And Mashiach all the prayers. This is why [the Sages said that] the Mashiach will judge through the power of smell (Sanhedrin 93b). For corresponds to the ChoTeM (nose), as in (Isaiah 48:9), "For My praise [i.e., prayer], eChToM (I will restrain My anger) for you.

This is the explanation:

'''Rabbah bar bar Chanah recounted: Once, we were travelling in the wilderness accompanied by a merchant. He would pick up earth, smell it and say, "This is the way to such-and-such a place, and that is the way to some other place." We asked him, "How far are we from water?" He said to us, "Bring me some earth." We brought it and he said, "Eight miles." [Later] taneinon (we again) brought him some. He said that we were three miles away. I switched them around, but still could not get the better of him''' (Bava Batra 73b).

Rashbam:

merchant - an Ishmaelite socher (trader): switched them around - the samples of earth one with the other, to see if he really was an expert:

♦

Once, we were travelling...accompanied by a merchant - This "Ishmaelite socher" (trader) corresponds to the tzaddik of the generation. He encompasses all the prayers, like Mashiach. And prayer corresponds to an iShMAelite trader, as is written (Genesis 16:11), "[You shall call his name Ishmael,] for God SheMA (has heard) your affliction." Onkelos renders this: "God has accepted your prayers." And this is the reason [he is called a] SoCheR: SaChoR is Aramaic for "surround," which corresponds to faith, as in (Psalms 89:9), "Your faith surrounds You."

We were accompanied by a merchant - We bound ourselves to the tzaddik of the generation, for he is the aspect of Mashiach, the embodiment of prayer.

He would pick up earth, smell it and say, This is the way to such-and-such a place, and that is the way to some other place - "Earth" corresponds to prayer, as is written (Isaiah 41:2), "His sword will make them as earth." The sword is prayer, as in, "...my sword will make them as earth." The sword is prayers, as in, "...my sword and my bow." He would smell [the earth], for [the tzaddik] has this power of smell because he encompasses all the prayers. And it is written, "For My praise [i.e., prayer] eChToM for you," [and ChoTeM is the nose].

and say, This is the way to such-and-such a place - He knew the gates of the prayers, and he knew to which tribe each prayer related.

We asked him, How far are we from water? - Namely, [how far are we] from (Lamentations 2:19], "Pour out your heart like water before God."

he said, Eight [aspects] - This alludes to Torah study [and prayer]: the Five Books of the Torah and the three daily prayers.

Taneinon (we again) brought him some - "Taneinon" denotes study. Thus, after studying Torah we again brought him earth to smell [so that he would tell us] how far we were from this aspect of "water," [i.e., from the level where the prayer pours forth like water].

He said, Three miles - Namely, the three. Then he proved to us that we had not yet reached the level where we prayed with such concentration that we poured out our hearts before Him like water. The proof was:

I switched them around - As is written (Psalms 89:44), "But, You have turned back the edge of his sword, and You have not let him stand in battle." For all the prayers are a sword for Maschiach, and if the prayers had been as described above, [i.e., offered with true devotion,] God would certainly not have "turned back the edge of his sword." This was the sign that we had not yet reached the level of "Pour out your heart like water before God."

[Land of Israel]
Now, prayer corresponds to miracles, for it [too]. Sometimes, the natural order necessitates one thing, whereas prayer overrides nature's course. And the quintessence of miracles - i.e., the quintessence of prayer - is only in the Land of Israel, as in (Psalms 37:3), "Dwell in the Land and cultivate faith." And faith is prayer, as is written, "And his hands were emunah (faith)," which Onkelos renders: ["his hands were spread out in prayer."]

This is the reason why [the Land of Israel] is higher than all the other lands (Zevachim 54b) - because the quintessence of NiSim (miracles) occurs there. And it is written (Isaiah 62:10), "Lift up [high] a NeiS (sign)." This also explains why [the Land of Israel] is called the Land of Kanaan. Kanaan connotes a socher (trader), which corresponds to faith, as in, "Your faith surrounds You."

Thus, our Sages taught: The Land of Israel drinks first (Taanit 10a). [This refers to] the rains, which come from the t'home (deep), as is written (Psalms 42:8), "Deep calls to deep." T'HoMe connotes the miraculous [and amazing], as in (Ruth 1:19), "and the entire city TeiHoMe (was amazed)." This is because over a miracle, something new and original, people are amazed.

This is also why the Sages said that "the voice of the dove is heard in our land" (Song of Songs 2:12) refers to the rains (cf. Taanit 25b). For in the Land of Israel - the place of the deeps / miracles / faith / prayer - the quintessence of rains "is heard."

And, "God made one to contrast the other" (Ecclesiastes 7:14). The Land of Egypt is thus the antithesis of the Land of Israel, "one to contrast the other," as in (Exodus 14:27), "And the Egyptians NaSim (were fleeing) against it." Egypt is the converse of the Land of Israel, the converse of NiSim (miracles). This is why prayer has not place in Egypt, as in, "When I go outside the city I will spread out my hands [in prayer]" (Exodus 9:29).

This is why when Avraham blemished the Land of Israel - when God promised him the inheritance of the land and Avraham asked (Genesis 15:8), "How shall I know?" - it became necessary for our ancestors to go down to Egypt. It was [Avraham's] blemishing of faith, of the Land of Israel, the aspect of miracles, which resulted in Yaakov and his sons descending to Egypt, .

And, it was specifically Yaakov and his sons who went down, [Avraham] blemished the Land of Israel / prayer, and Yaakov and his [twelve] sons - who correspond to prayer and its twelve gates - descended.

Moreover, because the quintessence of prayer is [embodied in] Yaakov and his sons, no one merited the Land of Israel and prayer other than Yaakov and his sons. As it is written (Genesis 21:12), [Avraham was told that] "in Yitzchak shall your seed be called" - [in Yitzchak,] but not all of Yitzchak (Nedarim 31b).

{The rains only fall on account of baaley amanah (men of faith) (Taanit 8a).}

This is the explanation of what our Sages taught: The rains only fall on account of amanah. ["AMaNaH"] corresponds to the Land of Israel, which corresponds to prayer and AEMuNaH (faith). And [the Land of Israel] "drinks first" because that is where the T'HoMot / miracles are, as in, "and the entire city TeiHoMe."

{'''I saw the Angel of Rain. It had the appearance of a tor (ox), and prita sifevatei (its lips were split open). It was standing between t'home (deep) and t'home"''' (Taanit 25b).}

This is the meaning of what our Sages taught: When the rains are falling, even a prutah (small coin) in the purse is blessed (Taanit 8b). The "PRuTaH" corresponds to "the voice of the tor (dove)" [which proclaims miracles], as the Sages also taught: [I saw the Angel of Rain. It had the appearance of a tor (ox), and its lips were PRiTaH (split open). It was standing between [the upper] deep and [the lower] deep - i.e., it comprised the two deeps, the embodiment of all miracles.

And this is: "a prutah in the KIS [is blessed]." Sometimes, the power of miracles is nitKaSeh (covered up). But with the [advent of the] rains, the prutah, the miracle, "is blessed" - for "its lips were open."

There are people who deny all miracles and say that everything comes about naturally. Even if they witness a miracle, they cover it up with natural explanations, attributing it to the natural course of things. By doing so, they blemish prayer, because prayer corresponds to miracles, which alter nature. They also blemish faith, because they do not believe in Divine Providence. And they blemish the Land of Israel, the place of miracles, as in, "the voice of the dove is heard in our Land" - and [the Sages] taught: The Land of Israel drinks first. For the T'HoMot are there, [it being] the place of miracles, as in, "and the entire city TeiHoMe."

And as a result of this [blemish to the Land of Israel],  the exile of "Egypt," because "God made on to contrast the other."  All exiles are known as MitZRayIM (Egypt), because they MetZeiRIM (cause anguish and suffering) to the Jewish people (Bereishit Rabbah 16:4).

[metZoLot]
This is the explanation [of the opening verse]:

{"T'homot Y'chasyumu (The deeps covered them); they sank into the metzolot (depths) like an evan (a stone)."}

The deeps covered them - Ths refers to people who cover up the miracles and try to show that everything follows a natural order.

they sank into the metzolot like an evan - "...from there the Shepherd, the evan (Rock) of Israel" (Genesis 49:24). Onkelos renders ["AEVaN" as a compound word]: AVhan u'VeNin (father and sons).

metZoLot - This alludes to Egypt, as is written (Exodus 12:36), "And they natZLu (despoiled) Egypt."

like an evan - This is avhan u'venin. It alludes to Yaakov and his sons, who correspond to prayer / miracles / the Land of Israel.  to the blemish cast on prayer / faith / the Land of Israel, they must accordingly go into the depths of the exile of "Egypt" - just as Yaakov and his sons descended into Egypt because Avraham asked, "How will I know?" with regard to inheriting the Land.

title: Translation:Likutei Moharan/9


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Translation talk:Likutei Moharan/9

Credit to Translators
This text is being typed in wikisource but the original translation from the Hebrew was done by Moshe Mykoff and Symcha Bergman and can be found in the LIKUTEY MOHARAN SET (15 volumes). The set also includes annotations by Chaim Kramer and is considered the first authoritative translation of Rebbe Nachman’s magnum opus, containing all his major lessons. Presented with facing Hebrew text, full explanatory notes, source references and supplementary information, plus a variety of charts which assist the reader with kabbalistic teachings found in the text. Volume 1 contains Reb Noson’s introduction to the original work, brief biographies of Rebbe Nachman and Reb Noson, and a bibliography. Published by Breslov Research Institute in Jerusalem in 1993 & 2012 by editors: Moshe Mykoff & Ozer Bergman. Breslevjoy (talk) 18:12, 20 November 2023 (UTC)

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] point out the features whereby the venomous may be distinguished from the harmless species, the viper from the snake, it will be well, in conclusion, to repeat what we have advanced on this subject, in a concise a manner as possible.

It is the snake that is harmless, and the viper that is venomous; the latter being innocuous also in winter, and most dangerous in the hottest weather. The snake is commonly the larger of the two, and is found in the dampest situations, generally in near proximity to water, in which it delights to bask. The snake has large plates, or scales, upon its head, few in number; in the viper they are numerous and small. The snake has no continuous line of a darker colour running along its body, but is spotted all over; the viper has a continuous line, zigzag and blotched, running down its entire length. The head in the snake is more depressed and acutely pointed in front than in the viper, which latter has a characteristic blotch something like the "death's head and thigh-bones" of the "death's-head moth," on the top of its cranium. Whether or not its venom is fatal, we would strongly advise our readers not to permit the viper to make an experimental dart at their skins. It is better to indulge in a shudder when only a harmless snake crosses our path, than make the mistake of hugging a viper to our bosom.

PWARDS of two thousand years ago, there flourished in Greece a certain philosopher, who, like Pliny and Aristotle, devoted a portion of his time and talent to the study of Natural History. The Grecian sage to whom we refer was Theophrastus, who wrote a treatise on plants somewhere about B.C. 300. This same Greek was acquainted with a certain aquatic lant, to which he gave the name of Lemna; but what the precise plant was to which he gave that name is now uncertain; it might have been a "duckweed," and it might have been something else. In more recent times this name has been adopted for a group, or genus, of aquatic plants, known to every child, old enouh to float a mimic boat in a mud-puddle, as "duckwood." It is to these plants—small, insignificant, and uninteresting, as they appear to be—that we propose adverting, with the view of pointing out wherein they differ from each other. Because, though many, perhaps, never looked at them with sufficient care or interest to recognise more than one form, others have detected variations to such an extent that they are enabled to point out three or four types, with distinct features of their own. Some may learn for the first time that four species of "duckweed" are found in Britain, others, cognizant of this fact, may wish to know more about them. In the first place, let us see in what points they all agree, or, as botanists would say, let us make out their generic character. All are floating plants, in no way attached to the soil, like the majority of plants, but vegetating and sailing like little boats on the face of the water. There are no real stems, and no real leaves, but the whole plants consists of little green fronds which look like leaves, and which are either separate, one from another, or cohere two or three together. One, two, or more little threads hang down from the under side of these fronds into the water, after the manner of rootlets, but they do not attach themselves. These fronds are multiplied by young ones growing out of the edges of those that are mature. The flowers, which are very simple, and equally rare, are produced from cracks or fissures in the edges of the fronds. These flowers consist of a little bract enclosing two stamens and a small ovary. In these points all the four species which inhabit this country agree.

To render our remarks on these species more comprehensible we have given figures,

Fig 1. Ivy-leaved Duckweed (Lemna triscula) Fig 2. Lesser Duckweed (Lemna minor).

of which the first four represent the plants in their actual size, i.e., the Ivy-leaved Duckweed (Lemna trisulca), the Lesser Duckweed (Lemna minor), the Greater Duckweed (Lemna polyrrhiza), and the Gibbous Duckweed (Lemnaa gibba).


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 half the size of the posterior, between which a central occipital. The posterior occipitals are fringed by some smaller marginal scutes. Two large supraoculars on each side. Seven or eight narrow upper labials, of which the penultimate is the largest. Four chin-shields on one side, five on the other. Temporal scales small, strongly keeled.

Ear very open, vertically long. Collar more distinct in front of the shoulder-joint, and nearly obsolete across the chest. Dorsal scales in eight, ventral in ten, longitudinal series. Prænal region covered by keeled scales, in size and shape scarcely differing from those preceding them. About twelve femoral pores. All the caudal scales strongly keeled.

The fore limb pressed backwards does not reach the groin; the hind limb carried forwards extends to the ear. Thigh finely granular behind.

The upper parts are brown, or, after the removal of the epidermis, green iridescent. Back anteriorly with a black longitudinal band of each side of the median line, the two bands coalescent further behind. An indistinct greenish band along each side of the neck. Lower parts whitish.

I have given a full description of this lizard, as the specimen found by Miss Kingsley at Lambarene secms to be only the second known to exist in collections. Its specific identity with Tackydromus Fordii of Hallowell might be questioned, as this author has described the specimen in the museum of the Philadelphia Academy as possessing only six rows of ventral scales; also the scutellation of the præanal region is differently described, However, as there is a great agreement in other respects between the two specimens, and the locality (Gaboon) as given by Hallowell points likewise to a specific identity, I adopt the name given by the latter author.


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Index talk:Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly, Volume 1.pdf

Extracted images
Some images were extracted from File:Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper Vol. 18.pdf, which has better quality. —CalendulaAsteraceae (talk • contribs) 21:22, 27 November 2023 (UTC)


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 But that was too late. At the upper level, I had set up an Assembly of Privy Councillors to train government officials since I found that they did not know how to speak up. I set this assembly up, hoping there would be a platform for them to exercise their judgment and express their voices. When I went to America, I gave an interview saying that a constitution was planned to be given. Upon my return, I felt even more sure that the constitution should not be held back any longer. I then conferred with Mister Stevens, who, however, told me that it was not the time yet. As for Phraya Siwisan, from whom I also sought counsel, he was of the same mind as Mister Stevens. Now that Phraya Siwisan and Mister Stevens offered such objection, the matter again ended in a flop. Later, I planned not to announce before the Kingdom's sesquicentennial celebrations. Probably because of my cowardice, I waited to announce it after the celebrations. I proposed this at a meeting of the Supreme Council of State. By cause of Mister Stevens' objection, the meeting remonstrated, saying the economy was being depressed. Yet, before I went to Hua Hin, I conceived ideas of having a prime minister, having an assembly which can interpellate state ministers and request their change, and having representatives from outer towns. However, it was extremely difficult for each of these to come true. I hope that you would see how hard it was for me to go against adults who had been in the government service for over twenty years ahead of me.

" was that the Minister of Seals would be permitted to preside over the cabinet, I myself would not attend the cabinet, and the number of Privy Councillors would be enlarged to allow them to act as a parliament. The second plan I prepared was like thait. I also carried the plan with me when I travelled to Hua Hin, in order

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 ?—This enquiry is made at page 100, where the fact is recorded that in numerous specimens of Arum maculatum examined last summer by the writer of the question small insects and chitinous fragments of others were invariably found inside the nearly closed spathes. The following observations may, perhaps, throw some light on the subject. For two years past} have grown a plant of Arum crinitum in my garden, and each year if has produced one of its lugubrious locking spathes. The plant grows about 18in. high. The spathe is vary large, the spadix long and strange looking. The inside of the spathe and the whole of the visible part of the spadix are covered thickly with black hairs. When the inflorescence is fully developed most offensive carrion-like smell is emitted, Directly the disagreeable odour is produced blue bottle flies (Musca romiteria) make their appearance and swarm on to the protruding lip of the spathe. Both years I have noticed no sign of these flies until the fetid smell of the Arum attracted them. Readers of Robert Browning's weird poem of the Pied Piper of Hamelin will remember bow mysteriously the children were compelled to follow the insulted musician: the flies seem as strangely and powerfully fascinated by the Arum, They arrive in a bustle, they have evidently come purposely, they fly unerringly to the plant, they then speedily make their wav to the narrow entrance to the lower part of the spathe in which the base of the spadix is chambered in almost absolute darkness, The inlet is narrow, and is well protected by the hairs before mentioned, though they seam no obstacle to the ingress of the flies. But after they are once inside there they must remain; whether stupefied by the noxious exhalation of the plant or imprisoned by the hairs which yielded them such easy entrances I do not know. I have watched the plant for hours, but never saw a fly return from what may be deemed a condemned cell. The spathe remains open only a day or two at most, and then gradually closes and shrivels up. Each year at an interval of a week or so after the closing of the spathe I have cut open the chambered part of it, and have found it nearly full of dead and partially decomposed flies. If I am fortunate enough to have the plant in flower this summer I shall take care to observe it more closely, and will forward it to Mr. Lawson Tait for examination.—E. W. B., Moseley.

.—There are many hard-working Naturalists in the Yorkshire Union, and no doubt in the Midland too, whoso energies are more or less wasted. Speaking of Entomologists particularly, too many devote all their attention to one family. Thus Lepidoptera, are generally the insects most systematically collected, and there are instances of all the Entomologists in a society collecting nothing else. The result is a waste of energy, as half the number would generally work a district efficiently; whereas the larger number overdo it, and frequently exterminate the rarer insects, Where so many are engaged in the same pursuit. There is sure to be rivalry as to who shall make the largest collection. Thus it comes to pass that a dozen or more specimens are obtained where two would serve every legitimate purpose. One male and one female with varieties are enough imagos for any scientific collection. To those should be added specimens of their various stages of metamorphosis. Larva-preserving is now so generally well understood that nearly all Lepidopterists can preserve larvæ (most kinds at all events) as well as they can set insects. Those should invariably be mounted on a twig or leaf of the plant on which they ordinarily feed. The pupa and its cocoon (especially in the ease of the Bombveidæ) should, where possible, always form part of the collection. But there are other fields where the energies of the Entomologist may find ample and useful employment, and where at present, the workers are far too few. Take, for instance, the Diptera: how little is done with them, and yet how much wants


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NEW YORK

LEIPZIG

1899


text: Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly/Volume 1/Number 4/Why


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text: Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly/Volume 1

title: Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly/Volume 1


text: Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly/Volume 1/Number 4


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Page:Richard III (1927) Yale.djvu/111

Richard the Third, IV. ii

Buck. My lord, your promise for the earldom,—

K. Rich. Richmond! When last I was at Exeter,

The mayor in courtesy show'd me the castle,

And call'd it Rougemont: at which name I started,

Because a bard of Ireland told me once

I should not live long after I saw Richmond.

Buck. My lord!

K. Rich. Ay, what's o'clock?

Buck. I am thus bold to put your Grace in mind

Of what you promis'd me.

K. Rich. Well, but what is 't o'clock?

Buck. Upon the stroke of ten.

K. Rich. Well, let it strike.

Buck. Why let it strike?

K. Rich. Because that, like a Jack, thou keep'st the stroke

Betwixt thy begging and my meditation.

I am not in the giving vein to-day.]

Buck. May it please you to resolve me in my suit?

K. Rich. Thou troublest me: I am not in the vein.

Exit [King Richard and Train].

Buck. And is it thus? repays he my deep service

With such contempt? made I him king for this?

O, let me think on Hastings, and be gone

To Brecknock, while my fearful head is on.

 104 Rougemont; cf. n.

113 Jack; cf. n.

116 resolve: confirm; cf. n.

121 Brecknock; cf. n.

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text: Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly

title: Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly


text:
Talk:An Inn for Journeying Thoughts

Versions
There is a different version at Index:An Inn for Journeying Thoughts.pdf -- Beardo (talk) 21:35, 27 November 2023 (UTC)

title: Talk:An Inn for Journeying Thoughts


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Page:Star Names And Their Meanings - Allen - 1899.djvu/26

xx Where thought necessary, the accentuation of the star-titles is given in the Indices, although in some cases, from the uncertainty of origin, this may be doubtful.

In conclusion, I would acknowledge my obligations for useful suggestions to Professor Edward S. H olden, till lately the Director of the Lick Observatory; to Mr. Addison Van Name, of the Yale University Library, for access to volumes of reference and help in translations; to Messrs Theodore L. De Vinne & Co. (the De Vinne Press), for their accustomed skill in the make-up of my book; and to Mr. P. J. Cassidy, for his interest and intelligent care in its proof-reading. Lastly do I thank my young friend Miss Lucy Noble Morris, of Morristown, for long-continued aid in various ways, especially in her tasteful selection of poetical illustrations.

And now, with the hope that my work, even with its imperfections, may serve to foster a more intelligent interest in the nomenclature and "archaeology of practical astronomy," I submit it to all lovers of the stars.

1em


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 girl knows this, and feels it; above all, she feels that to incur the blame of her parents is a cruel alternative, yet she still speaks out, and defends her brother, because she believes that in this instance he is innocent. Her noble defence meets with nothing but reproof. She is put down, censured, and, more than all, suspected; but still she maintains the cause of her brother. A few days perhaps develop the real truth. The boy is innocent, and his sister was all the while right. Is the mother then to pass over, unnoticed, so noble and persevering an effort on the part of her child? Certainly not. Although herself in the wrong, and under the necessity of confessing before her children that she has been so, yet a generous and noble-minded mother will see in an instant what is the course of conduct she ought to pursue, and she will rejoice in such an opportunity of expressing her warmest approval.

Although the telling of direct falsehoods from a want of courage to speak the truth, is the first and most obvious exemplification of what is meant by an absence of moral courage, there exists throughout all those varied intricacies which belong to the structure of society, a constant occurrence of occasions, in which moral courage may be called into action for the support of integrity against the allurements of artifice, and the temptations of self-interest. In almost all those trials which beset mankind in the respectable walks of life, it is not from actual propensities to vice that they fail to maintain their ground: but from a little, and perhaps an unconscious leaning to self-interest, a little desire to keep well with the world or with a certain party; and all that endless train of little motives which mix themselves in with almost everything we say and do.

Now, it is chiefly against these that I would bring into operation the strong power of moral courage, not to uproot or destroy such motives one by one; that would indeed be to dissever the hydra heads of an unconquerable enemy. It would in fact be to destroy the whole fabric of human nature. Instead, therefore, of attempting to uproot these plants of evil growth, I would begin in the early training of children to lay the strong foundation of a solid character, by making moral courage one of the first elements of its being I would begin with a high standard, by aiming at what i

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6 Such students of Botany as may be willing to devote time and attention to these small plants, will find that there is much to be learnt respecting them. One species, the Greater Duckweed, has never been seen in flower in this country; and two others, the Ivy-leaved}} and Gibbous Duckweeds, flower but rarely, whilst the fourth, or Lesser Duckweed, is more often met with in flower than any other species; but if we may judge from our own experience, this occurs only under rare and exceptional conditions. This extreme rarity in flowering has compelled us to go to other sources than nature herself for details of the floral organs, to meet with more or less imperfection or dissatisfaction.

Fig. 3. Greater Duckweed (Lemna polyrrhiza). Fig. 4. Gibbous Duckweed (Lemna gibba).

This is true to such an extent of the Greater Duckweed, that we have been compelled to adopt, probably the only drawings in existence of the flowers of this particular species, made in the first instance by poor artists from very indifferent sketches, but we must take such as we can get and "be thankful."

These four species are to be found, more or less abundantly, in this country, and the resident in London has the advantage of being able to find them all in plenty, without going out of sight of town. There is at least one other species, to which we have not alluded, closely resembling the Lesser Duckweed, which may yet be found in Britain, though its occurrence has not at present been recorded.

Fig. 5. Flower of Ivy-leaved Duckweed (Lemna trisulca), from Sowerby. Fig. 6. Details of fruit of the same, from Nees von Esenbeck's "Genera Plantarum."

The Ivy-leaved Duckweed has fronds of a very different shape from those of the other species, and thinner. They are nearly half an inch in length, not quite half as broad, narrowed towards one end, and attenuated into a little stalk at the other, with a single fibre produced from the under surface. This also occurs plentifully in all the ditches in the neighbourhood of Tottenham, and elsewhere.

The Greater Duckweed has fronds larger than in any other species, nearly circular, rather thick, and with a cluster of fibres proceeding from the under-surface of each frond. Though said to be rare, it grows in abundance in the Hampstead Ponds, and in all the ditches and still waters bordering the Lea at Tottenham, and the surrounding district.

The Lesser (or common) Duckweed has small ovate fronds, cohering three or four together, with one fibre proceeding downwards from the under surface of each, the ovary contains but a single ovule; at least such is the character given by those who have examined the fruit. Of course, this species occurs in still water everywhere.

Fig. 9. Flower of Greater Duckweed (L. polyrrhiza), from Reichenbach's "Flora Germanica." Fig. 10. Flowers of the same species, from Lamarck's Encyclopædia. (We know of no figure of the fruit of this species.)

The Gibbous Duckweed has fronds shaped like those of the Common Duckweed, but thicker and rather larger, flattened above, and convex beneath. Each frond has a single rootlet. The ovary is said to contain two, or more, ovules. This species is probably not of


text: Frank Leslie's Popular Monthly/Volume 1/Number 4/Miscellany 6


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 noble, great, and good; and leaving the littlenesses of artificial life to vanish into nothing; as they necessarily would, by the mind being stored with materials of a weightier and more sterling nature.

But how is this great and important work to be accomplished? First, I should say, by impressing upon the minds of children a just estimate of all moral qualities. It may occasion greater inconvenience to the mother at the moment, that her child should tear a new dress, than that it should tell a falsehood; but if, from any personal feeling, she allows her disapprobation to be expressed as strongly in one case, as in the other; if she evinces as much dissatisfaction at the fall of a china cup, as at an act of meanness or deception practised by one child toward another; or if her delight is as manifest on the arrival of a new article of furniture, as on some evidence in her family that wrong feeling has been overcome, or noble and generous sentiments called into exercise, she will do incalculable mischief, by destroying what ought to be a clear distinction betwixt the degrees of moral feeling comprehended in these different cases.

It is the same throughout the whole of that discipline to which youth is subjected. We must keep the balance true, not only as regards actions, but motives, so far as they can be ascertained; and never from personal feeling, or momentary impulse, allow undue weight to be thrown into either scale. Above all, we must maintain a constant reference to what is approved by God, rather than by man — to what is consistent with Christian profession, rather than to what may be expedient, creditable, or consistent vnth the usages of the world. We ought to teach children, that having done simply what was right, there is nothing, and there can be nothing, to fear; and we should teach this on the broad foundation, that the habits and customs of ten thousand worlds can not alter one tittle of the Divine law, or make that good which is really evil.

Any one who has paid much attention to the state of society in the present day, will, I think, agree with me, that these are times in which mothers are especially called upon to teach their children, that they are acting not merely with a party for the support of a particular set of opinions, and in opposition to all who hold opinions differing in the slight-

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 According to this legend, which is related from a monograph on "The Celestial Bear" by Stansbury Hagar, the whole bear is represented by the stars of the Big Dipper. The first hunter, who is the first star in the handle of the Dipper, was called the robin and carried the bow with which to kill the bear. The chicadee, the second star in the handle of the Dipper, carried the pot, the little star Alcor, in which to cook the bear. The third hunter, the moosebird, carried the sticks with which to build the fire. Four other hunters followed besides the three represented by the stars in the Dipper's handle.

The chase continues throughout the summer until part of the hunters disappear below the horizon. About mid-autumn the Bear rises up to defend herself but is pierced by an arrow of the robin, and the autumn leaves are stained scarlet from his wounds. The spirit of the dead Bear enters into another Bear and the chase begins again and so keeps up eternally. In the Indian version the group of stars above the hunters (which is the Bear's head in the Ursa Major of the Greeks), is the Bear's den. This den is picturesquely situated on the northern horizon early in the spring and, to the mind of the Indian, the great Bear seems as if it were just emerging after a long winter's hibernation.

There is also an old Iroquois Indian tale which claims that at one time in the distant past the bear had a fine bushy tail but that this tail was frozen off one cold winter when the foolish animal endeavored to catch a fish by letting the long appendage hang through a hole in the ice. In those days, perhaps, the bears were vain creatures,—which might explain, in part, why the star-jeweled tails on the shadowy forms of Ursa Major and Ursa Minor are held with the upright pride of a cat with nine kittens as these mammoth plantigrades nightly promenade on their circular path around the Pole.

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Author:Stansbury Hagar

Works

 * Boas anniversary volume: anthropological papers written in honor of Franz Boas (1906)
 * Boas anniversary volume: anthropological papers written in honor of Franz Boas (1906)
 * Boas anniversary volume: anthropological papers written in honor of Franz Boas (1906)

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 that I could make a memo and propose it to the cabinet. When I heard this news, I proved to be too late again. I have no anger for what you, People's Party, have done, and I feel for you because we lacked understanding in each other. Once I head the news, I guessed it was about the government. I regretted that I was too late, which brought a great shame to me. On that day, upon hearing what you announced on radio, I felt so sad and hurt over the many evil things you accused me of, of which none is true.

"When I heard such an announcement, I thought that you were perhaps staging insurrection. I then sought counsel and got three ways out. If I wanted to flee, I got as many as twenty-four hours to flee. If I wanted to fight, I got military forces from outer towns. But I thought that taking flight would result in a great chaos, there could be killings and deaths, and members of the royal family could be endangered. To fight, it was not too difficult. I did not want to let the shedding of blood, I then accepted you. When making the acceptance, I did declare that I was having infirmities and I had no son or daughter and that I accepted to return to you due to my desire to support you, so that you would be able to establish a charter for administration firmly, despite some royals probably feeling that this was the way of a coward.

"In your announcement which accused me of employing only flatterers, nothing is true. I have dismissed bunches of corrupt persons. But how could I alone roam around to catch corrupt men across the country? Even in this Party corrupt figures will be found too — just wait and see! I believe that all members of the royal household were frankly determined to support the government affairs. The accusation that they took citizens as their slaves or

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A sinuous line of stars divides the figures of the Great and Little Bears. These stars lie on the huge body of Draco, the Sky Dragon, whose length coils halfway around the axis of the world.

Draco is sometimes called the "Guardian of the Stars," the stars being the golden apples which hang from the pole-tree in the Garden of Darkness. This is rather a pretty conceit as the Dragon's Eyes, represented by the stars Alwaid and Etanin, never rest, that is, never set below the northern horizon of Greece.

The above title was probably suggested by the legend which tells of Laden, the sleepless dragon, that guarded the tree of golden fruit in the Garden of the Hesperides. This garden lay near the feet of Atlas, the giant Titan, who sat on a mountain in northern Africa supporting the dome of the heavens. The bright eyes of this snake were at that time aided in their wakefulness by the silvery, lilting voices of the Hesperides, daughters of Hesperus, whose name was given to the beautiful Evening Star so often seen in this direction. According to one legend, Hercules slew this dragon in order to pick the gleaming fruit and bring it to his cousin Eurystheus as his eleventh Labor, but that this Dragon could be identical with the sky dragon, Draco, whose head lies just beyond the heel of Hercules, is somewhat discounted by other legends which claim that Hercules temporarily supported the weight of heaven while Atlas went down to the garden and got the apples from his nieces. In return for this favor, Atlas gained a little rest.

It has also been suggested that perhaps Draco was the monster "with a body more huge than any mountain pine" and "a roar like

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 a fire among the woodlands," which was entwined around a beech tree in the Grove of Mars, the War-god, at the eastern end of the Euxine (which we now call the Black Sea). On this beech tree was nailed the golden fleece of the wondrous ram which flew into the sky and aided two persecuted children to escape. To obtain this fleece, Orpheus drugged the snake with music while Jason stepped across the mighty coils and tore the golden wool from the tree. After the Argonautic expedition, both the ram and the dragon were placed among the stars.

Still another legend relates that when the gods and the earth-born giants waged their mighty war to gain possession of Olympus, a huge crawling monster had the audacity to anger the Goddess Minerva who seized it and hurled it far into the heavens where it caught on the axis of the world, and froze into immobility before it had time to unwind its contortions. The only time on record that this dragon ever revived from its stupid torpor was when Phæthon, son of Apollo, lost control of the steeds of his sun-chariot and the heated vehicle swerved northward from the beaten path.

Although there are a number of opinions as to just which dragon in legend is represented by Draco, the constellation is a very important one, for one of its stars, a star named Thuban, was at one time our Pole Star. Indeed, in 2300 the Pharaohs of Egypt looked up at Thuban as their Pole Star. As their Pole Star! But where was our faithful North Star during 2300, and how could our earth's pole swing from this point in the heavens to one half the way between the "Guards" on the tiny bowl of the Little Dipper, and Mizar on the crook of the handle of the Big

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 Dipper? This strange phenomenon not only happened but happens regularly, for the earth "reels like a top" as well as "whirls," although the reeling motion is so much slower than the whirling motion that while it whirls once on its axis in a day, it reels around only once in 25,000 years. During this time the earth's axis describes a circle from Thuban, through the present Pole Star, around through Vega and back again. Vega may be easily located for it crosses the zenith in the late evenings of summer, a beautiful bluish-white star of the first magnitude. It will be about 11,500 years or about 13,500 before this blue star will again shine above the northern pole of our earth.

It was not an uncommon thing in olden times to build temples dedicated to the observation of certain stars. It is believed that the great pyramid of Cheops, built 4600 years ago, was so constructed that the light of Thuban, then the Pole Star, would shine down its great stone tube at the time the star was at its lower culmination. Olcott in "Starlore of All Ages" tells us that the idea was to conduct the ray of light from Thuban through the passage opening high up in the side of the pyramid, to the eye of a god hidden far down beneath its foundations. When viewed from the bottom of the tunnel, which ends in a room hollowed out of solid stone, it is said that the mouth appears but little larger than the moon's diameter. It is interesting to note that the pyramid of Cheops is the mightiest structure the world has ever seen. According to Herodotus, 100,000 men were employed constantly on this work for 20 years. But the rays of Thuban can no longer shine down the 380 feet of stone tube to light the eye of the god hidden in its depths, for the reeling of the earth has caused the tube to be out of the star's line of light. It may happen again in 21,000 years, however—if the pyramid is still there.

In China there is an observatory 4000 years old which Samuel G. Bayne in his little book the "Pith of Astronomy" speaks of visit-

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 ing. Here is a slanting granite wall in which two eyeholes had been bored for the sole purpose of sighting Thuban.

Changes in the universe are very gradual and although 4000 years seems a long time to the limited mind of a human being, it is but little in comparison to the vast periods of time which must pass before a visible change can be noticed in the heavens. We speak of these years nonchalantly, but astronomers have had to work hard and patiently in order to make such assertions and to back them up with sufficient proof.

Traveling backward in imagination on the circle that our pole has taken 25,000 years to describe in the sky, and again imagining the star which we now see as our Pole Star as the Pole Star of that by-gone era, what a difference we find in the appearance of the earth! Herds of strange and savage animals are scattered here instead of thriving villages and cities, and man, in equally savage state, wanders about the hills and plains alone or in straggling bands. In traveling forward 21,000 years again to the time only 4000 years ago when Thuban, on the coils of the Dragon, shone as our Pole Star, we come to comparatively recent times; civilization on our earth has made great advances, not the least of them being that it has raised its head and has noted that there are not only stars but that the stars differ from one another. Probably during this era the Chinese chose the Dragon for their national emblem.

The principal interest in the constellation of Draco is, of course, the star Thuban. It is interesting to locate this ancient

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98

Tyr. The tyrannous and bloody act is done;

The most arch deed of piteous massacre

That ever yet this land was guilty of.

Dighton and Forrest, whom I did suborn

To do this piece of ruthful butchery,

Albeit they were flesh'd villains, bloody dogs,

Melted with tenderness and mild compassion,

Wept like to children in their death's sad story.

'Oh! thus,' quoth Dighton, 'lay the gentle babes:'

'Thus, thus,' quoth Forrest, 'girdling one another

Within their alabaster innocent arms:

Their lips were four red roses on a stalk,

And in their summer beauty kiss'd each other.

A book of prayers on their pillow lay;

Which one,' quoth Forrest, 'almost chang'd my mind;

But, O, the devil'—there the villain stopp'd;

When Dighton thus told on: 'We smothered

The most replenished sweet work of nature,

That from the prime creation e'er she fram'd.'

Hence both are gone with conscience and remorse;

They could not speak; and so I left them both,

To bear this tidings to the bloody king:

And here he comes.

All health, my sovereign lord!

 2 arch: principal

4 suborn: procure by bribery

5 ruthful: pitiable

6 flesh'd: hardened; cf. n.

8 in: in relating

9 Dighton; cf. n.

10 Forrest; cf. n.

11 alabaster: marble-white

18 replenished: complete, perfect

19 prime: first in time

fram'd: formed

20 gone: completely overcome

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Page:The Wreck of a World - Grove - 1890.djvu/71

Rh at night threw up rockets as signals, but always without result. The whole country seemed deserted; the riparians, at all events, had fled en masse.

At last, on the evening of the 11th, we found ourselves nearing the City of New Orleans, where I hoped to find some vessel or vessels that would take us away from this monster-haunted continent. At the urgent entreaty of my daughter Aurelia, who complained that the children were suffering from the heat and confinement of the steamboat, I anchored the vessels, and allowed her, with a number of her small charges, to go on shore, that they might run about and take the exercise they so much needed. The delight of the little troop was extreme. As they landed from the boats and felt their feet press their mother earth once more the shouts, laughter, and cheering did our hearts good to listen to. Two hours they were to have, and no more, and the boats' crews were ordered to lie alongside to take them on board at the expiration of that time.

The two hours had not elapsed when it became clear to us from the confused sounds on shore that something unexpected had occurred. We were anchored


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Page:The Wreck of a World - Grove - 1890.djvu/70

54 suicide from panic, and satisfied them that they were in no more danger in the middle of the stream than they had been on one side of it.

We steamed on all day, making good progress with the aid of the rapid current, and ever accompanied by our persistent foe, till, as the sun went down, we came in sight of the spires and palaces of St. Louis. And here, to our great joy, we shook off our pursuers. For at this spot is the junction of the Missouri and Mississippi, two of the mightiest rivers in the world, and the bridges having been destroyed by the inhabitants before their flight, the machines were completely hemmed in between two impassable floods.

And now our journey assumed a more agreeable character, as the spirits of all revived, under the influence of the change of scene, the novelty of the life, and the removal of the incubus of fear. For several days we journeyed on with nothing to record more remarkable than the occasional stranding of a vessel on a mudbank, and collisions, threatened or actual, with "snags," as the floating drift timber is locally called. Whenever we passed a town or village we stopped, blew our whistles, hoisted flags, or if it were