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 dealing with or reasoning about ideas by projecting them upon the same plane. It will be obvious that a great multitude of things may very well exist together in a solid jelly, which would be overlapping and incompatible and mutually destructive when projected together upon one plane. Through the bias in our Instrument to do this, through reasoning between terms not in the same plane, an enormous amount of confusion, perplexity and mental deadlocking occurs.

The old theological deadlock between predestination and free-will serves admirably as an example of the sort of deadlock I mean. Take life at the level of common sensation and common experience and there is no more indisputable fact than man's freedom of will, unless it is his complete moral responsibility. But make only the least penetrating of analyses and you perceive a world of inevitable consequences, a rigid succession of cause and effect. Insist upon a flat agreement between the two, and there you are! The Instrument fails.

It is upon these three objections, and upon an extreme suspicion of abstract terms which arises materially out of my first and second objections, that I chiefly rest my case for a profound scepticism of the remoter possibilities of the Instrument of Thought. It is a thing no more perfect than the human eye or the human ear, though like those other instruments it may have undefined possibilities of evolution towards increased range and increased power.

So much for my main contention. But before I conclude I may—since I am here—say a little more in the autobiographical vein, and with a view to your


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 in consideration of the corporal's lame knee (which sometimes gave him exquisite pain)—when my uncle Toby dined or supped alone, he would never suffer the corporal to stand; and the poor fellow's veneration for his master was such, that, with a proper artillery, my uncle Toby could have taken Dendermond itself, with less trouble than he was able to gain this point over him; for many a time when my uncle Toby supposed the corporal's leg was at rest, he would look back, and detect him standing behind him with the most dutiful respect: this bred more little squabbles betwixt them, than all other causes for five and twenty years together—But this is neither here nor there—why do I mention it?—Ask my pen,—it governs me,—I govern not it.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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 He was one evening sitting thus at his supper, when the landlord of a little inn in the village came into the parlour with an empty phial in his hand, to beg a glass or two of sack; 'Tis for a poor gentleman,—I think, of the army, said the landlord, who has been taken ill at my house four days ago, and has never held up his head since, or had a desire to taste any thing, till just now, that he has a fancy for a glass of sack and a thin toast,—I think, says he, taking his hand from his forehead, it would comfort me.

If I could neither beg, borrow, or buy such a thing,—added the landlord,—I would almost steal it for the poor gentleman, he is so ill.—I hope in God he will still mend, continued he,—we are all of us concerned for him.


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 discussion, to show how I reconcile this fundamental scepticism with the very positive beliefs about world-wide issues I possess, and the very definite distinction I make between right and wrong.

I reconcile these things by simply pointing out to you that if there is any validity in my image of that three-dimensional jelly in which our ideas are suspended, such a reconciliation as you demand in logic, such a projection of the things as being in accordance upon one plane, is totally unnecessary and impossible. They can never come together upon one plane.

This insistence upon the element of uniqueness in being, this subordination of the class to the individual difference, not only destroys the universal claim of philosophy, but the universal claim of ethical imperatives, the universal claim of any religious teaching. If you press me back upon my fundamental position I must confess I put faith and standards and rules of conduct upon exactly the same level as I put my belief of what is right in art, and what I consider right practice in art. I have arrived at a certain sort of self-knowledge and there are, I find, very distinct imperatives for me; but I am quite prepared to admit there is no proving them imperative on any one else. One's political proceedings, one's moral acts are, I hold, just as much self-expression as one's poetry or painting or music. But since life has for its primordial elements assimilation and aggression, I try not only to obey my imperatives, but to put them persuasively and convincingly into other minds, to bring about my good and to resist and overcome my evil as though they were the universal Good and the univer-


text: The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman/Volume 6/Chapter 5


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 Thou art a good natured soul, I will answer for thee, cried my uncle Toby; and thou shalt drink the poor gentleman's health in a glass of sack thyself,—and take a couple of bottles with my service, and tell him he is heartily welcome to them, and to a dozen more if they will do him good.

Though I am persuaded, said my uncle Toby, as the landlord shut the door, he is a very compassionate fellow—Trim,—yet I cannot help entertaining a high opinion of his guest too; there must be something more than common in him, that in so short a time should win so much upon the affections of his host;—And of his whole family, added the corporal, for they are all concerned for him.—Step after him, said my


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 sal Evil in which unthinking men believe. And it is obviously in no way contradictory to this philosophy, for me, if I find others responding sympathetically to any notes of mine or if I find myself responding sympathetically to notes sounding about me, to give that common resemblance between myself and others a name, to refer these others and myself in common to this thing as if it were externalised and spanned us all.

Scepticism of the Instrument is for example not incompatible with religious association and with organisation upon the basis of a common faith. It is possible to regard God as a Being synthetic in relation to men and societies, just as the idea of a universe of atoms and molecules and inorganic relationships is analytical in relation to human life.

The repudiation of demonstration in any but immediate and verifiable cases that this Scepticism of the Instrument amounts to, the abandonment of any universal validity for moral and religious propositions, brings ethical, social and religious teaching into the province of poetry, and does something to correct the estrangement between knowledge and beauty that is a feature of so much mental existence at this time. All these things are self-expression. Such an opinion sets a new and greater value on that penetrating and illuminating quality of mind we call insight, insight which when it faces towards the contradictions that arise out of the imperfections of the mental instrument is called humour. In these innate, unteachable qualities I hold—in humour and the sense of beauty—lies such hope of intellectual salvation from the original sin of our intellectual instrument as we may


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 entertain in this uncertain and fluctuating world of unique appearances

So frankly I spread my little equipment of fundamental assumptions before you, heartily glad of the opportunity you have given me of taking them out, of looking at them with the particularity the presence of hearers insures, and of hearing the impression they make upon you. Of course such a sketch must have an inevitable crudity of effect. The time I had for it—I mean the time I was able to give in preparation—was altogether too limited for any exhaustive finish of presentation; but I think on the whole I have got the main lines of this sketch map of my mental basis true. Whether I have made myself comprehensible is a different question altogether. It is for you rather than me to say how this sketch map of mine lies with regard to your own more systematic cartography.


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lying in bed, or, to speak more truthfully, I am sitting up on a green satin, lace-covered pillow, writing these notes. A green satin, lace-covered bed is on the floor beside me. It is about eleven o'clock in the morning. B. is sitting up in his bed a few feet off, smoking a pipe. We have just finished a light repast of—what do you think? you will never guess—coffee and rolls. We intend to put the week straight by stopping in bed all day, at all events until the evening. Two English ladies occupy the bedroom next to ours. They seem to have made up their minds to also stay upstairs all day. We can hear them walking about their room, muttering. They have been doing this for the last three-quarters of an hour. They seem troubled about something.

It is very pleasant here. An overflow performance is being given in the theatre to-day for the benefit of those people who could not gain admittance yesterday, and, through the open windows, we can hear the rhythmic chant of the chorus. Mellowed by the distance, the wailing cadence of the plaintive songs, mingled with the shrill


text: Page:The Harveian oration - delivered at the Royal College of Physicians, October 18th, 1899 (IA b24975941).pdf/37


text: Page:The Harveian oration - delivered at the Royal College of Physicians, October 18th, 1899 (IA b24975941).pdf/38


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text: Page:The Harveian oration - delivered at the Royal College of Physicians, October 18th, 1899 (IA b24975941).pdf/3


text: Page:The Harveian oration - delivered at the Royal College of Physicians, October 18th, 1899 (IA b24975941).pdf/4


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text: Page:The Harveian oration - delivered at the Royal College of Physicians, October 18th, 1899 (IA b24975941).pdf/35


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 Haydnistic strains of the orchestra, falls with a mournful sweetness on our ears.

We ourselves saw the play yesterday, and we are now discussing it. I am explaining to B. the difficulty I experience in writing an account of it for my diary. I tell him that I really do not know what to say about it.

He smokes for a while in silence, and then, taking the pipe from his lips, he says:

"Does it matter very much what you say about it?"

I find much relief in that thought. It at once lifts from my shoulders the oppressive feeling of responsibility that was weighing me down. After all, what does it matter what I say? What does it matter what any of us says about anything? Nobody takes much notice of it, luckily for everybody. This reflection must be of great comfort to editors and critics. A conscientious man who really felt that his words would carry weight and influence with them would be almost afraid to speak at all. It is the man who knows that it will not make an ounce of difference to anyone what he says, that can grow eloquent and vehement and positive. It will not make any difference to anybody or anything what I say about the Ober-Ammergau Passion Play. So I shall just say what I want to.

But what do I want to say? What can I say that has not been said, and said much better, already? (An author must always pretend to think that every other author writes better than he himself does. He does not really think so, you know, but it looks well to talk as though he did.) What can I say that the reader does not know, or that, not knowing, he cares to know? It is easy enough to talk about nothing, like I have been doing in this diary hitherto. It is when one is confronted with the task of


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 writing about something, that one wishes one were a respectable well-to-do sweep—a sweep with a comfortable business of his own, and a pony—instead of an author.

B. says:

"Well, why not begin by describing Ober-Ammergau."

I say it has been described so often. He says:

"So has the Oxford and Cambridge Boat Race and the Derby Day, but people go on describing them all the same, and apparently find other people to read their descriptions. Say that the little village, clustered round its mosque-domed church, nestles in the centre of a valley, surrounded by great fir-robed hills, which stand, with the cross-crowned Kofel for their chief, like stern, strong sentinels guarding its old-world peace from the din and clamour of the outer world. Describe how the square, whitewashed houses are sheltered beneath great overhanging gables, and are encircled by carved wooden balconies and verandahs, where, in the cool of the evening, peasant wood-carver and peasant farmer sit to smoke the long Bavarian pipe, and chat about the cattle and the Passion Play and village politics; and how, in gaudy colours above the porch, are painted glowing figures of saints and virgins and such-like good folk, which the rains have sadly mutilated, so that a legless angel on one side of the road looks dejectedly across at a headless Madonna on the other, while at an exposed corner some unfortunate saint, more cruelly dealt with by the weather than he ever was even by the heathen, has been deprived of everything that he could call his own, with the exception of half a head and a pair of extra-sized feet.

"Explain how all the houses are numbered according to the date they were built, so that number sixteen comes next to number forty-seven, and there is no number one,


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 because it has been pulled down. Tell how unsophisticated visitors, informed that their lodgings are at number fifty-three, go wandering for days and days round fifty-two, under the not unreasonable impression that their house must be next door, though, as a matter of fact, it is half a mile off at the other end of the village, and are discovered one sunny morning, sitting on the doorstep of number eighteen, singing pathetic snatches of nursery rhymes, and trying to plait their toes into door-mats, and are taken up and carried away screaming, to end their lives in the madhouse at Munich.

"Talk about the weather. People who have stayed here for any length of time tell me that it rains at Ober-Ammergau three days out of every four, the reason that it does not rain on the fourth day being that every fourth day is set apart for a deluge. They tell me, also, that while it will be pouring with rain just in the village the sun will be shining brightly all round about, and that the villagers, when the water begins to come in through their roofs, snatch up their children and hurry off to the nearest field, where they sit and wait until the storm is over."


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have made me think a good deal at different times about the business of writing novels, and what it means, and is, and may be; and I was a professional critic of novels long before I wrote them. I have been writing novels, or writing about novels, for the last twenty years. It seems only yesterday that I wrote a review—the first long and appreciative review he had—of Mr. Joseph Conrad's "Almayer's Folly" in the Saturday Review. When a man has focussed so much of his life upon the novel, it is not reasonable to expect him to take too modest or apologetic a view of it. I consider the novel an important and necessary thing indeed in that complicated system of uneasy adjustments and readjustments which is modern civilisation. I make very high and wide claims for it. In many directions I do not think we can get along without it.

Now this I know is not the usually received opinion. There is, I am aware, the theory that the novel is wholly and solely a means of relaxation. In spite of manifest facts, that was the dominant view of the great period that we now in our retrospective way speak of as the Victorian, and it still survives to this day. It is the man's theory of the novel rather than the woman's. One may call it the Weary Giant theory. The reader is represented as a man, burdened, toiling, worn. He has been in his office from ten to four, with perhaps only two hours' interval at


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 his club for lunch; or he has been playing golf; or he has been waiting about and voting in the House; or he has been fishing; or he has been disputing a point of law; or writing a sermon; or doing one of a thousand other of the grave important things which constitute the substance of a prosperous man's life. Now at last comes the little precious interval of leisure, and the Weary Giant takes up a book. Perhaps he is vexed: he may have been bunkered, his line may have been entangled in the trees, his favourite investment may have slumped, or the judge have had indigestion and been extremely rude to him. He wants to forget the troublesome realities of life. He wants to be taken out of himself, to be cheered, consoled, amused—above all, amused. He doesn't want ideas, he doesn't want facts; above all, he doesn't want—Problems. He wants to dream of the bright, thin, gay excitements of a phantom world—in which he can be hero—of horses ridden and lace worn and princesses rescued and won. He wants pictures of funny slums, and entertaining paupers, and laughable longshoremen, and kindly impulses making life sweet. He wants romance without its defiance, and humour without its sting; and the business of the novelist, he holds, is to supply this cooling refreshment. That is the Weary Giant theory of the novel. It ruled British criticism up to the period of the Boer War—and then something happened to quite a lot of us, and it has never completely recovered its old predominance. Perhaps it will; perhaps something else may happen to prevent its ever doing so.

Both fiction and criticism to-day are in revolt


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received me most kindly and hospitably, she, with her husband and her infant daughter, and M. and Mme. Gacon represent the Mission Évangélique and the white race at Talagouga. Mme. Gacon is the lady the planter took me for; and when I saw her, with her sweet young face and masses of pale gold-coloured hair, I felt highly flattered. Either that planter must be very short-sighted or the colour of my hair must have misled him, not that mine is pale gold, but hay-coloured. I don't know how he did it. Mme. Forget is a perfectly lovely French girl, with a pale transparent skin and the most perfect great dark eyes, with indescribable charm, grace of manner, and vivacity in conversation. It grieves me to think of her, wasted on this savage wilderness surrounded by its deadly fever air. Oranie Forget, otherwise the baby, although I am not a general admirer of babies of her age—a mere matter of months—is also charming; I am not saying this because she flattered me by taking to me—all babies and children do that—but she has great style, and I have no doubt she will grow up to be a beauty too, but she would have made a dead certainty of it, if she had taken after her mother.

The mission station at Talagouga is hitched on to the rocky hillside, which rises so abruptly from the river that there is hardly room for the narrow footpath which runs along the river frontage of it. And when you are on the Forgets' verandah it seems as if you could easily roll right off it into the dark, deep, hurrying Ogowé. I suggest this to Mme. Forget as


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By JEROME K. JEROME

LONDON: FIELD & TUER, THE LEADENHALL PRESS, E.C.

ONE SHILLING.

PRESS OPINIONS.

"A brightly written work, and an agreeable addition to stage literature."—Athenæum.

"A very readable book."—Pall Mall Gazette.

"Within its pages are many shillings' worth of genuine merriment"—New York Mirror.

"Very interesting."—Progress (Philadelphia).

"A really honest book."—Frend's Music and Drama (New York).

"There is more humour and fun in Mr Jerome's book than in half-a dozen modern comedies."—Glasgow Herald.

"The book is brimful of the most side-splitting humour."—Glasgow News.

"Written in a masterly manner—deserves to be widely read."—Western Daily Press.

"The reminiscences of a would-be actor are capital reading."—Brighton Herald.

"Highly interesting. Mr Jerome writes in a fluent, racy, and humorous style."—Northern Counties Gazette.

"One of the raciest and yet most self-evidently truthful accounts of the stage."—Newcastle Daily Journal.

"Very amusing."—Hampshire Telegraph.

"We found it very amusing reading."—Sheffield Daily Telegraph.

"Amusingly written." "The author's style is light and pleasant."—Punch.

"Had Mark Twain never existed, the writer of 'On the Stage—and Off,' might claim to be the most original joker of the century."—Topical Times.

"Extremely funny."—Judy.

"No one taking up this little book is likely to lay it down until the last page is turned."—Graphic.

"The stories that Mr Jerome tells are quite inimitable, and no less inimitable is his way of telling them. They are distinguished by a tripping cynicism and lively wit rarely found in any English book."—Lady.

"Full of genuine humour."—Life.

"Amusing and interesting."—Society.

"Altogether the book is a most amusing one."—Era.

"Pictures drawn with a light easy truth and considerable sarcastic humour."—Lady's Pictorial.

"There is much that is pathetic and more that is entertaining in his account of stage life."—Morning Post.

"Mr Jerome writes shrewdly and with a good deal of quiet humour."—Stage.

"A struggling actor's life is vividly portrayed."—Figaro.

"We can strongly recommend the expenditure of the sum of one shilling necessary to put them in possession of a copy."—Sporting Times.


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 against that tired giant, the prosperous Englishman. I cannot think of a single writer of any distinction to-day, unless it is Mr. W. W. Jacobs, who is content merely to serve the purpose of those slippered hours. So far from the weary reader being a decently tired giant, we realise that he is only an inexpressibly lax, slovenly and undertrained giant, and we are all out with one accord resolved to exercise his higher ganglia in every possible way. And so I will say no more of the idea that the novel is merely a harmless opiate for the vacant hours of prosperous men. As a matter of fact it never has been, and by its nature I doubt if it ever can be.

I do not think that women have ever quite succumbed to the tired-giant attitude in their reading. Women are more serious, not only about life, but about books. No type or kind of woman is capable of that lounging, defensive stupidity which is the basis of the tired-giant attitude; and all through the early 'nineties, during which the respectable frivolity of Great Britain left its most enduring marks upon our literature, there was a rebel undertow of earnest and aggressive writing and reading, supported chiefly by women and supplied very largely by women, which gave the lie to the prevailing trivial estimate of fiction. Among readers, women and girls and young men at least will insist upon having their novels significant and real, and it is to these perpetually renewed elements in the public that the novelist must look for his continuing emancipation from the wearier and more massive influences at work in contemporary British life.


text: One of a Thousand/Bacon, Edwin Munroe

title: One of a Thousand/Bacon, Edwin Munroe


text: Index:United Nations Security Council Meeting 1.pdf


text: Talk:2008 Declaration of Independence of Kosovo


text: Talk:Jerusalem

title: Talk:Jerusalem


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Rh

Held at Church House, Westminster, London, on Thursday, 17 January 1946, at 3 p.m.

Temporary Chairman: Mr. N. J. O. Makin (Australia).

Present: The representatives of the following countries: Australia, Brazil, China, Egypt, France, Mexico, Netherlands, Poland, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, United Kingdom, United States of America.

1. Provisional agenda for the first meetings of the Security Council
 * 1) Opening of the meeting by the temporary Chairman.
 * 2) Presentation of the section of the Report of the Preparatory Commission which relates to the Security Council.
 * 3) Adoption of rule 9 of the provisional rules of procedure providing a method for selecting the President.
 * 4) Selection of the President of the Security Council.
 * 5) Adoption of the agenda.
 * 6) Adoption of provisional rules of procedure.
 * 7) Recommendation to the General Assembly regarding the appointment of the Secretary-General (Charter, Article 97).
 * 8) Adoption of the directive to the. Military Staff Committee to meet at a given place and date.
 * 9) Discussion of the composition and organization of the staff to be assigned to the Secu


text:
Module:Separated entries

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local compressSparseArray = require('Module:TableTools').compressSparseArray local p = {}

function p._main(args) local separator = args.separator -- Decode (convert to Unicode) HTML escape sequences, such as " " for space. and mw.text.decode(args.separator) or '' local conjunction = args.conjunction and mw.text.decode(args.conjunction) or separator -- Discard values before the starting parameter. local start = tonumber(args.start) if start then for i = 1, start - 1 do args[i] = nil end end -- Discard named parameters. local values = compressSparseArray(args) return mw.text.listToText(values, separator, conjunction) end

local function makeInvokeFunction(separator, conjunction, first) return function (frame) local args = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs(frame) args.separator = separator or args.separator args.conjunction = conjunction or args.conjunction args.first = first or args.first return p._main(args) end end

p.main = makeInvokeFunction p.br = makeInvokeFunction(' ') p.comma = makeInvokeFunction(mw.message.new('comma-separator'):plain)

return p

title: Module:Separated entries


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Module:Separated entries/doc

Usage
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title: Module:Separated entries/doc


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2 #Discussion of the composition and organization of the staff to be assigned to the Secu rity Council under the Charter, Article 101, paragraphs 1 and 2.
 * 1) Discussion of the best means of arriving at the conclusion of the special agreements referred to in the Charter, Article 43.
 * 2) Reception and consideration of reports and recommendations (if any) from the General Assembly.
 * 3) Consideration of the submission of a special report (if any) to the General Assembly (Charter, Article 24, paragraph 3).
 * 4) Election of the dernier of the International Court of Justice (Statute, Articles 4, 7 to 12, 14).

2. Opening of the Meeting by the Temporary Chairman

 * In accordance with the Articles of the Charter, representatives having been appointed to serve on the Security Council and a meeting having been correctly convened, I declare the Security Council duly constituted and in session.

3. Presentation of the section of the Report of the Preparatory Commission which relates to the Security Council.

 * For the presentation of the section of the Report of the Preparatory commission which relates to the Security Council, I call on Mr. Modzelewski.

Zygmunt Modzelewski (Poland) (translated from French): In my report, presented on behalf of Committee 2 of the Preparatory Commission, I stated that the work done by the Commission, in so far as it concerns the Security Council, covers the following main points:

We drew up a provisional agenda for the first meetings of the Security Council. We worked out a draft directive to the Military Staff Committee. Finally, we drew up provisional rules of procedure for the Security Council.

The provisional agenda, as you you know, comprises thirteen items, and serves as a starting-point enabling the Council to take its first steps.

With regard to the provisional agenda, I would draw the Council's attention to the following items: item 6, concerning the adoption of the provisional rules of procedure, without


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 has found since then, perhaps, to wish that he had been one.

With his white locks moving upon his coat, he stopped and looked down at my mother, and she could not help herself but courtesy under the fixed black gazing.

"Good woman, you are none of us. Who has brought you hither? Young men must be young—but I have had too much of this work."

And he scowled at my mother, for her comeliness; and yet looked under his eyelids as if he liked her for it. But as for her, in the depth of love-grief, it struck scorn upon her womanhood; and in the flash she spoke.

"What you mean, I know not. Traitors! cut-throats! cowards! I am here to ask for my husband." She could not say any more, because her heart was now too much for her, coming hard in her throat and mouth; but she opened up her eyes at him.

"Madam," said Sir Ensor Doone—being born a gentleman, although a very bad one—"I crave pardon of you. My eyes are old, or I might have known. Now, if we have your husband prisoner, he shall go free without ransom, because I have insulted you."

"Sir," said my mother, being suddenly taken away with sorrow, because of his gracious manner, "please to let me cry a bit."

He stood away, and seemed to know that women want no help for that. And by the way she cried he knew that they had killed her husband. Then, having


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the lackeys in Molière's farce, when the true nobleman broke in on their high life below stairs, we were destined to be confronted with a real pedlar. To make the lesson still more poignant for fallen gentlemen like us, he was a pedlar of infinitely more consideration than the sort of scurvy fellows we were taken for: like a lion among mice, or a ship of war bearing down upon two cock-boats. Indeed, he did not deserve the name of pedlar at all: he was a travelling merchant.

I suppose it was about half-past eight when this worthy, Monsieur Hector Gilliard of Maubeuge, turned up at the ale-house door in a tilt


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 cart drawn by a donkey, and cried cheerily on the inhabitants. He was a lean, nervous flibbertigibbet of a man, with something the look of an actor, and something the look of a horse jockey. He had evidently prospered without any of the favours of education; for he adhered with stern simplicity to the masculine gender, and in the course of the evening passed off some fancy futures in a very florid style of architecture. With him came his wife, a comely young woman with her hair tied in a yellow kerchief, and their son, a little fellow of four, in a blouse and military képi. It was notable that the child was many degrees better dressed than either of the parents. We were informed he was already at a boarding school; but the holidays having just commenced, he was off to spend them with his parents on a cruise. An enchanting holiday occupation, was it not? to travel all day with father and mother in the tilt


text:
Talk:The Story of Manon Lescaut and the Chevalier Des Grieux

Title
The editions that I have seen scanned have a second "of" - The Story of Manon Lescaut and of the Chevalier Des Grieux -- Beardo (talk) 13:22, 3 November 2023 (UTC)


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 cart full of countless treasures; the green country rattling by on either side, and the children in all the villages contemplating him with envy and wonder? It is better fun, during the holidays, to be the son of a travelling merchant, than son and heir to the greatest cotton spinner in creation. And as for being a reigning prince—indeed I never saw one if it was not Master Gilliard!

While M. Hector and the son of the house were putting up the donkey, and getting all the valuables under lock and key, the landlady warmed up the remains of our beefsteak, and fried the cold potatoes in slices, and Madame Gilliard set herself to waken the boy, who had come far that day, and was peevish and dazzled by the light. He was no sooner awake than he began to prepare himself for supper by eating galette, unripe pears and cold potatoes—with, so far as I could judge, positive benefit to his appetite.


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 The landlady, fired with motherly emulation, awoke her own little girl; and the two children were confronted. Master Gilliard looked at her for a moment, very much as a dog looks at his own reflection in a mirror before he turns away. He was at that time absorbed in the galette. His mother seemed crestfallen that he should display so little inclination towards the other sex; and expressed her disappointment with some candour and a very proper reference to the influence of years.

Sure enough a time will come when he will pay more attention to the girls, and think a great deal less of his mother: let us hope she will like it as well as she seemed to fancy. But it is odd enough; the very women who profess most contempt for mankind as a sex, seem to find even its ugliest particulars rather lively and high-minded in their own sons.

The little girl looked longer and with more


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3 which the work of the Security Council would become very difficult; item 7, concerning recommendations to the General Assembly regarding the appointment of the Secretary-General; item 8, concerning the adoption of the directive to the Military Staff Committee to meet at a given place and date; and item 11, concerning the reception and consideration of reports and recommendations from the General Assembly, an item which may cover many matters.

The Preparatory Commission adopted, without alterations, the provisional agenda as drafted by the Executive Committee, except with respect to item 13. This item, relating to the election of the members of the International Court of Justice, was placed last on the provisional agenda so that an opportunity might be given to prepare for the election.

Regarding the directive to the Military Staff Committee, I would point out that it is necessary to fix the date and place of the first meeting of the representatives of the five States who are to form the Military Staff Committee. The Preparatory Commission left it to the Council itself to decide upon this date and place.

The provisional rules of procedure were the subject of searching discussion in Committee 2 of the Preparatory Commission. In particular, the following three questions engaged the attention of representatives who took part in the drafting of these rules: languages, access to the records of private meetings of the Security Council, and the explanatory notes to be appended to the provisional rules of procedure.

As regards languages, the Preparatory Commission felt that this was a matter for the Security Council itself to decide. The suggestion was made, however, that unless the Security Council decided otherwise, it might be willing to accept the provision that the rules adopted at the San Francisco Conference be applied. The Security Council should take note of the discussion which took place on this subject, and should decide whether any changes in the rules adopted at the San Francisco Conference are called for.

As regards the question of access to the records of private meetings of the Security Council, rule 31 (which is now rule 24) was amended by omission of its last sentence. This read as follows:

"Representatives of members who have taken part in the meeting shall have the right at all times to consult the records at the Secretariat."

By omitting this passage, the Preparatory Commission wished to stress the opinion that the Security Council should also define for itself the right of consulting the records of private meetings.

The Preparatory Commission in like manner rejected the various proposals designed to provide commentaries on the provisional rules of


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 interest, probably because she was in her own house, while he was a traveller and accustomed to strange sights. And besides there was no galette in the case with her.

All the time of supper, there was nothing spoken of but my young lord. The two parents were both absurdly fond of their child. Monsieur kept insisting on his sagacity: how he knew all the children at school by name; and when this utterly failed on trial, how he was cautious and exact to a strange degree, and if asked anything, he would sit and think—and think, and if he did not know it, "my faith, he wouldn't tell you at all—ma foi, il ne vous le dira pas." Which is certainly a very high degree of caution. At intervals, M. Hector would appeal to his wife, with his mouth full of beefsteak, as to the little fellow's age at such or such a time when he had said or done something memorable; and I noticed that Madame usually pooh-poohed these


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 enquiries. She herself was not boastful in her vein; but she never had her fill of caressing the child; and she seemed to take a gentle pleasure in recalling all that was fortunate in his little existence. No schoolboy could have talked more of the holidays which were just beginning and less of the black schooltime which must inevitably follow after. She showed, with a pride perhaps partly mercantile in origin, his pockets preposterously swollen with tops and whistles and string. When she called at a house in the way of business, it appeared he kept her company; and whenever a sale was made, received a sou out of the profit. Indeed they spoiled him vastly, these two good people. But they had an eye to his manners for all that, and reproved him for some little faults in breeding, which occurred from time to time during supper.

On the whole, I was not much hurt at being


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 taken for a pedlar. I might think that I ate with greater delicacy, or that my mistakes in French belonged to a different order; but it was plain that these distinctions would be thrown away upon the landlady and the two labourers. In all essential things, we and the Gilliards cut very much the same figure in the ale-house kitchen. M. Hector was more at home, indeed, and took a higher tone with the world; but that was explicable on the ground of his driving a donkey-cart, while we poor bodies tramped afoot. I daresay, the rest of the company thought us dying with envy, though in no ill-sense, to be as far up in the profession as the new arrival.

And of one thing I am sure: that everyone thawed and became more humanized and conversible as soon as these innocent people appeared upon the scene. I would not very readily trust the travelling merchant with any


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 extravagant sum of money; but I am sure his heart was in the right place. In this mixed world, if you can find one or two sensible places in a man, above all, if you should find a whole family living together on such pleasant terms, you may surely be satisfied, and take the rest for granted; or, what is a great deal better, boldly make up your mind that you can do perfectly well without the rest; and that ten thousand bad traits cannot make a single good one any the less good.

It was getting late. M. Hector lit a stable lantern and went off to his cart for some arrangements; and my young gentleman proceeded to divest himself of the better part of his raiment, and play gymnastics on his mother's lap, and thence on to the floor, with accompaniment of laughter.

"Are you going to sleep alone?" asked the servant lass.


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 "There's little fear of that," says Master Gilliard.

"You sleep alone at school," objected his mother. "Come, come, you must be a man."

But he protested that school was a different matter from the holidays; that there were dormitories at school; and silenced the discussion with kisses: his mother smiling, no one better pleased than she.

There certainly was, as he phrased it, very little fear that he should sleep alone; for there was but one bed for the trio. We, on our part, had firmly protested against one man's accommodation for two; and we had a double-bedded pen in the loft of the house, furnished, beside the beds, with exactly three hat pegs and one table. There was not so much as a glass of water. But the window would open, by good fortune.

Some time before I fell asleep the loft was full


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 of the sound of mighty snoring: the Gilliards, and the labourers, and the people of the inn, all at it, I suppose, with one consent. The young moon outside shone very clearly over Pont-sur-Sambre, and down upon the alehouse where all we pedlars were abed.


text: An Inland Voyage/Chapter 7

title: An Inland Voyage/Chapter 7


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 an awful future for Oranie, but she has thought of it and wired the verandah up. You go up a steep flight of steps into the house, which is raised on poles some fifteen feet above the ground in front, and you walk through it against the hillside, made up mostly of enormous boulders of quartz, for Talagouga mountains are the western termination of the side of the Sierra del Cristal range. When you get through the house you come to more stairs, cut out now in the hillside rock and leading to the kitchen to the right, and to the store buildings; to the left they continue up to the church, which is still higher up the hill-face. That church is the prettiest I have seen in Africa. I do not say I should like to sit in it, because there seems to me no proper precautions taken to exclude snakes, lizards, or insects, and there would be great difficulty in concentrating one's mind on the higher life in the presence of these fearfully prevalent lower forms. Talagouga church commences as a


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 strong wooden framework on which is hung the bell, and then to the right of this structure, is another which is a roof supported by bare poles. At its lower end there is a little daïs on which stands a table and a chair, the yellow clay floor slopes abruptly up hill and the pews consist of round, none too thick, poles, neatly mounted on stumps, some ten inches from the ground. I should have thought those pews were quite perfection for an African congregation; but they tell me I am wrong and that even Elders go off sound asleep on them, quite comfortably, I suppose like bats; I don't mean upside down, you understand, but merely by an allied form of muscular action, the legs clinching on to the pole-pew during sleep. Beyond the church, the hillside is cut by a ravine, and out of the dense forest that grows in it runs a beautiful, clear stream. It has been dammed back above, for it is harnessed to M. Gacon's saw-mill. The building of this dam, the erection of the two big water-wheels, the saw, and the shed that covers it, indeed all the work connected with the affair, has been done by M. Gacon with his own hands, and not only has he dammed back the water, and put up his saw-mill, but he still works hard at it daily, cutting hundreds of fine red-wood planks for the service of the mission, shipping them by the Éclaireur, in flighty little canoes in this risky bit of river, and keeping a big store of them under his house—a bamboo structure, once Talagouga church—and all this with no other assistance but unskilled native labour. What this means you might understand a little if I were to write details from June to January, and then you were to come out here and take a turn at some such job yourself, to finish off your education. Across the other side of the ravine and high up, is perched the house which Dr. Nassau built, when he first established mission work on the Upper Ogowé. The house is now in ruins; but in front of it, as an illustration of the transitory nature of European life in West Africa, is the grave of Mrs. Nassau, among the great white blocks of quartz rock, its plain stone looking the one firm, permanent, human-made-thing about the place; below it, down the hill, are some houses inhabited by the native employés on the station: and passing these, still going down towards the river, you come to a wooden bridge spanning


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 the mill-stream, and crossing this, you find yourself back on the path which goes in front of M. Gacon's house; passing this you come to the house inhabited by the girls in the mission school, presided over by the comely Imgrimina, wife of Isaac, the Jack-Wash, and a few steps more bring you to the foot of the Forgets' verandah staircase. The path runs on a little beyond this to the cast, on a slightly broader, level bit of ground, behind which rises the hillside, and it ends abruptly at another ravine with another, but smaller, stream; beyond this the hills come down right into the river, and on the small, flat piece of ground there are a few more native houses, belonging to the Bible-readers, and so on; up on the hillside above them hangs a garden, apparently kept in position by quantities of stout wooden pegs driven into the ground; these really are to keep the artificially levelled beds of mould, and the things in them, from being washed down into the river by the torrential wet season's rains. All sorts of things are supposed by the gardener to grow in those beds, but Mme. Forget declares there is nothing but a sort of salad. It is a very nice salad; I believe it to be dandelion, and there is plenty of it, and Mme. Forget might be more resigned about it; on the other hand, I agree with her, and quite fail to see why the gardener's salary should be continually raised, as he desires nor exactly what bearing his abdominal afflictions have on the non-productiveness of the tomato plants, nor why, again, he should be paid more because of them, for curious abdominal symptoms are very common among the whole of the West African tribes. My own opinion about that garden is that there are too many plantains in it, and too much shade. The whole station is surrounded by dense, dark-coloured, and forbidding-looking forest; in front of it runs the dark rapid river, profoundly deep, but not more than 400 yards wide here; on the opposite side of it there is another hillside similarly forested, and unbroken by clearing, save in one little spot higher up than the mission, where there is a little native town and a small sub-factory of Hatton and Cookson's.

Talagouga is grand, but its scenery is undoubtedly grim, and its name, signifying the gateway of misery, seems applic-


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654

T. D.


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 able. It must be a melancholy place to live in, the very air lies heavy and silent. I never saw the trees stirred by a breeze the whole time I was there, even the broad plantain leaves seemed to stand sleeping day out and day in, motionless. This is because the mountains shelter it back and front; and on either side, promontories, running out from both banks, make a narrow winding gorge for the river channel. The only sign of motion you get is in the Ogowé; if you look at it you see, in spite of its dark quiet face, that it is sweeping past at a terrific pace. One great gray rock sticks up through it just below the mission beach, and from that lies ever a silver streak from the hindrance it gives the current. Every now and again you will notice a canoe full of wild, naked, or nearly naked savages, silent because they are Fans, and don't sing like Igalwas or M'pongwe when in canoes. They are either paddling very hard and creeping very slowly upwards, against one of the banks, or just keeping her head straight and going rapidly down. Now and again you will hear the laboured beat of the engines of either the Mové or Éclaireur, before you see the vessel and hear the warning shriek of their whistles; and you can watch her as she comes up fighting her way to Njole, or see her as she comes down, slipping past like a dream in a few seconds, and that is all. My first afternoon sufficed to allow of my seeing the station. M. Jacot reports it to have thirty-two buildings on it, but he is a slave to truth, and counts all the cook-houses, &c. Houses deserving of the name there are but three—the Gacons', the girls' and the Forgets'.

Mme. Forget took no end of care of me, and I look at my clean, tidy, comfortable room with terror, until I find a built out bath-room wherein I shall be able to make awful messes with fish, &c., without disgracing myself and country; and joy inexpressible! "no mosquitoes," yet still curtain. I told you before I had heard they ended at O Soamokita, but when I see people putting up mosquito-curtains over their beds I always have doubts; besides, along here you always find people deny having mosquitoes, if they can, without committing violent per-


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the morning, when we came down-stairs, the landlady pointed out to us two pails of water behind the street-door. "Voilà de l'eau pour vous débarbouiller," says she. And so there we made a shift to wash ourselves, while Madame Gilliard brushed the family boots on the outer doorstep, and M. Hector, whistling cheerily, arranged some small goods for the day's campaign in a portable chest of drawers, which formed a part of his baggage. Meanwhile the child was letting off Waterloo crackers all over the floor.

I wonder, by-the-by, what they call Waterloo crackers in France; perhaps Austerlitz crackers.


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Rh, as well as of those who by precept and example have added to the lustre of our College and have benefited mankind by their pursuance of Harvey's exhortation "to search out the secrets of nature." Not a few of my predecessors in this honourable office have with much learning and in graceful diction fulfilled their task thus, as others have preferred to consider some aspect of Harvey's work in the light of more modern knowledge, or to show how fruitful have been the methods inculcated by Bacon, which Harvey was one of the first to apply, in extending the domain of science in those branches more closely associated with our own. Others again have pictured for us in eloquent phrase the times in which Harvey lived, and have called up to our appreciation his companions and contemporaries and the influence they exerted on the thought and progress of his age. And in this brief survey of how the theme has been treated it would ill become me to omit a reference to the masterly oration of our learned Harveian librarian who sought to show in true light the relation of Harvey to his great predecessor Galen, and how mistaken some of the notions concerning that relation have been. Further, too, he has pointed out that notwithstanding a large amount of very faulty anatomical knowledge that was

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 we revere as our special Founder, and also our first President. It was he who provided the first home for the College in his own house in Knightrider Street, where the Fellows continued to meet for nearly a Century (1614) and who also laid the foundations of our Library.

To him succeeded 30 years later, in the Office of President, John Caius, whose name is perpetuated in that of a Cambridge College and who stands in especial honour in this our Fellowship as its munificent and enlightened benefactor. To him we are indebted for the institution of the College Annals, the earlier records of which he collected and wrote out in his own hand with an account in full detail of the College doings subsequent to his own election as a Fellow; and with scarce a break the proceedings of the College have been recorded by successive Registrars to our own days. From Caius also we received a revision of the Statutes, and the silver caduceus, the emblem of the President's office and carried by each one as such since Caius' time.

Also William Gilbert, our President in 1600, who "opened the modern era by treating Magnetism and Electricity on a scientific basis," and whose fame has recently been commemorated by the formation of a Gilbert Society and the publication of a sumptuous translation of his great work, the work which induced Galileo to turn his mind to the subject. To the College Gilbert bequeathed "his whole Library, globes, instruments, and cabinet of minerals."

Also Dr. Richard Caldwell, greatly distinguished, who

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 together with Lord Lumley was the generous donor in 1582 of arent charge upon certain lands, to endow a Surgery lecture in the College—the Lumleian Lectureship, the fourth holder of which was Harvey himself, who in his very first course (1615) set forth his views on the circulation of the blood.

Also Dr. Theodore Gulston, celebrated for his theological no less than for his medical learning, who bequeathed by will in 1632 £200 to the College "to purchase a rent charge for the maintenance of an annual Lecture to be read within the College sometime between Michaelmas and Easter by one of the four youngest Doctors in physic in the College."

Also Sir Theodore Mayerne (1573–1654), who left us his Library, including many manuscripts.

Also Sir W. Paddy, first time President in 1609 and again in 1618, who bequeathed £30 to the College in 1634.

Also Dr. Baldwin Hamey, Senior, who also left to the College a like sum after his death in 1640.

Also Dr. Baldwin Hamey, Junior, "the most munificent of all the benefactors of our College," as Dr. Munk describes him. In the troublous times of the Civil Wars, when the building rented by the College in Amen Corner from the Chapter of St. Paul's was like to be sold to pay the exactions levied in the City of London, Dr. Hamey himself became the purchaser of the house and garden and afterwards gave it in perpetuity to his colleagues," and who besides contributing liberally to the Fund for rebuilding the College after the Fire of 1666 also "at his own sole cost amounting to some hundreds of pounds, wainscoted the caenaculum with fine Spanish oak with fluted pilasters ornamented with capitals, an elegantly carved cornice, and his coat of arms and crest immediately over the entrance." A portion of this wainscoting was removed

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1821.]

I had abundantly satisfied my curiosity with the curious things of London, I was admonished by my purse, which had suffered a sore bowel complaint from the time of my arrival, that it behoved me to think of taking it to grass and replenishment in the Salt-market. Accordingly after settling counts with Mrs Damask, I got a hackney to carry my portmanty to the wharf, where I embarked on board the Mountaineer steam-boat, bound, God willing, to the Port of Leith.

I had not been long on board when, lo! and behold who should I see, flourishing his cane, but that nice, good-tempered, fat man, whose genius and talents in the abstruse art of song writing make such a figure in Blackwood’s Magazine.

“Hey, Doctor!” quo I at length; “Hegh, sirs, but a sight of you here is gude for sair een—whar d’ye come frae?”


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 There is a great deal in the point of view. Do you remember the Frenchman who, travelling by way of Southampton, was put down in Waterloo Station, and had to drive across Waterloo Bridge? He had a mind to go home again, it seems.

Pont itself is on the river, but whereas it is ten minutes' walk from Quartes by dry land, it is six weary kilometres by water. We left our bags at the inn, and walked to our canoes through the wet orchards unencumbered. Some of the children were there to see us off, but we were no longer the mysterious beings of the night before. A departure is much less romantic than an unexplained arrival in the golden evening. Although we might be greatly taken at a ghost's first appearance, we should behold him vanish with comparative equanimity.

The good folk of the inn at Pont, when we called there for the bags, were overcome with


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 marvelling. At sight of these two dainty little boats, with a fluttering Union Jack on each, and all the varnish shining from the sponge, they began to perceive that they had entertained angels unawares. The landlady stood upon the bridge, probably lamenting she had charged so little; the son ran to and fro, and called out the neighbours to enjoy the sight; and we paddled away from quite a crowd of wrapt observers. These gentlemen pedlars, indeed! Now you see their quality too late.

The whole day was showery, with occasional drenching plumps. We were soaked to the skin, then partially dried in the sun, then soaked once more. But there were some calm intervals, and one notably, when we were skirting the forest of Mormal, a sinister name to the ear, but a place most gratifying to sight and smell. It looked solemn along the river-side, drooping its boughs into the water, and piling them up aloft


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 inuironed with a great poole, whoſe water could not be drawen away, the wall being good, and flanked with good towers, and the approaches difficile for the planting of Ordinaunce; the Caſtle beeing much ſtronger, garniſhed with great and ſtrong towers and verie good wals, with a donion ſeperated, ditched with good and great ditches: and beſides all this the Counte of Briſac well accompanied with Gentlemen, Captaines and Souldiers, with a great ſhowe that hee would not haue made this proofe but with intent to get honour, and to defend the place effectuallie, as in deed vnto the Summons which his Maieſtie did make the next day, he made an anſwere conuenient vnto ſuch a reſolution, which was that he had vowed vnto God, that he would neuer ſpeak of anie compoſition for that Towne, which made all men thinke, that he would haue defended it better than he did.

His Maieſtie (whoſe preſence in ſuch like affaires is the perfect ſchoole of extreame diligence, determined ſo to begin, as that he would not make 2. workes of one) did batter the Caſtle; for that the Caſtle being wonne, the Towne could not hold out, and cauſed the morrowe after, with great expedition, Gabions to be made for the batterie, bags to be filled with earth, and all things neceſſarie to be done. Which was ſo diligently followed, that in leſſe than three dayes all was in a readineſſe, and had begun to batter vpon the Thurſday, but that he ſtayed for three Cannons which Mounſieur Montpenſier brought him out of the Caſtle of Caen: which could not arriue at the ſaid ſiege vntill that verie day.


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Rh from the old College building in Warwick Lane and now adorns the Censors' room adjoining. Further, in imitation of Harvey he settled on the College the estate and manor of Ashlins in Essex, the proceeds from which were for the purpose among other things of doubling the premium to the Harveian orator and furnishing certain gratuities to the President, the remainder to be applied to the general purposes and advancement of the College. It is to Dr. Harvey's bequest that every Fellow present on the occasion of the election of our President owes the half crown in lieu of a pair of gloves which he then receives.

Also Dr. George Ent, who delivered the Anatomical Lecture in 1665, and who was knighted in the College by King Charles II., who had attended the discourse. Five years later he filled the Presidential chair. He was on terms of friendship with Harvey, and it was through him that the Master's work on the Generation of Animals was published; a benefaction to Science no less than to this College, which also received from him a pecuniary bequest.

Also Henry Marquis of Dorchester, who was admitted a Fellow of this College in 1658, having three years previously presented to the College £100 with which to augment the Library.

Also Dr. William Croone, who at his death in 1684 "left behind him a plan for two Lectureships which he had designed to found; one to be read before the College of Physicians with a sermon to be preached at the Church of St. Mary-le-Bow; the other to be delivered yearly before the Royal Society upon the nature and laws of muscular motion." His will, however, contained no provision for the endowment of these Lectures, and the funds for the two Lectureships were subsequently provided by his widow, who became Lady Sadleir.

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 With the Duke Montpenſier there came betwixt twelue and fifteene hundred French Souldiers, and a good Troupe of the Gentlemen of the Countrey, & certaine Companies of men of Armes. Thoſe with in the Towne did neeur ſallye out: but otherwiſe made alwaies a good ſhewe of a reſolution in them, and in their words were ouer lauiſh, performing afterward ſo little as they did.

His Maieſtie pretending to make three batteries, two of which, from ſundrie parts ſhould batter at the breach of the ſaid Caſtle; and the third to bee placed vpon a Rocke, which ſhould ſcoure curtaine wiſe along, behinde the breach of the ſaid Caſtle. Hee began vpon Friday the fifth day of Ianuarie at eight of the clocke to beate two great towers, which flanked from the one vnto the other; the one of which ſerued for a defence vnto the breach, which he purpoſed to make. After the beſtowing of foure hundred Cannon ſhot, the top of one of the Towers beeing fallen, and a hole being made in the other tower that defended the breache, which hole opened into the ſaid Caſtle, his Maieſtie cauſed it to be battered for the ſpeedie breach which would be made in it: for there needed but the beating away of a little piece of the wall. Then he commaunded certaine Troupes of Souldiers, to goe and viewe if they could lodge in the ſaid Tower, vpon which certain of them entring the hole, which was pierced through the Tower into the Caſtle, finding no reſiſtance, called their companions, and ſo entring one after another, in verie ſhort ſpace they became Maſters both of Caſtle and Towne.


text: Blackwood's Magazine/Volume 10/Issue 58/The Mount of Olives


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 into a wall of leaves. What is a forest but a city of nature's own, full of hardy and innocuous living things, where there is nothing dead and nothing made with the hands, but the citizens themselves are the houses and public monuments? There is nothing so much alive, and yet so quiet, as a woodland; and a pair of people, swinging past in canoes, feel very small and bustling by comparison.

And surely of all smells in the world, the smell of many trees is the sweetest and most fortifying. The sea has a rude, pistolling sort of odour, that takes you in the nostrils like snuff, and carries with it a fine sentiment of open water and tall ships; but the smell of a forest, which comes nearest to this in tonic quality, surpasses it by many degrees in the quality of softness. Again, the smell of the sea has little variety, but the smell of a forest is infinitely changeful; it varies with the hour of the day,


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 Thoſe within being ſore diſmaied, without anie fight they retired them ſelues into the Donion ſpoken of before; out of which they ſent three Gentlemen the ſame daye, to beſeech the King to receaue them vpon anie compoſition; who aunſwered, that he would not receaue them, but at his own pleaſure; and that they ſhould prooue his clemencie, without binding himſelfe vnto anie condition. Yet notwithſtanding, the morrowe after ſuffering the Countie Briſac to come and ſubmit himſelfe vnto him, he being ouercome with the pitie he had vpon the young Gentleman, graunted to chuſe fifteene of the beſt of them, whom he would keepe priſoners as warlike enemies, and the reſt ſhould be at his Maieſties diſpoſition.

It were not well done to take away the Souldiers honour that were at this ſiege, who in truth did their indeuour: but wee muſt acknowledge this to haue been Gods worke, as a thing moſt admirable vnto vs that ſaw it, that at one inſtant thoſe that ſeemed to be furious Lions, were metamorphoſid into meeker things than Lambes. The Towne being thus taken by aſſault, could not be preſerued from pillaging and ſaccaging: ſo that by this may compariſon be made, between the intertainment that thoſe receiue, which flie vnto his Maieſties clemencie, and thoſe which obſtinately attend the force of his Armie; the one being made whollie deſolate, and the other reioycing in a full and perfect quietnes, making a profit of their loſſe, obtaining by their taking and reduction free libertie, in ſtead of the hard captiuitie which they ſuffered vnder the vnlawfull gouernment of others.


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 not in strength merely, but in character; and the different sorts of trees, as you go from one zone of the wood to another, seem to live among different kinds of atmosphere. Usually the resin of the fir predominates. But some woods are more coquettish in their habits; and the breath of the forest of Mormal, as it came aboard upon us that showery afternoon, was perfumed with nothing less delicate than sweetbrier.

I wish our way had always lain among woods. Trees are the most civil society. An old oak that has been growing where he stands since before the Reformation, taller than many spires, more stately than the greater part of mountains, and yet a living thing, liable to sicknesses and death, like you and me: is not that in itself a speaking lesson in history? But acres on acres full of such patriarchs contiguously rooted, their green tops billowing in the wind, their stalwart


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Rh Sokka-sonar, cited from Flateyjar-bók iii. 445-454. Játvarðar Saga, the Life of Edward the Confessor, Ed. 1852, also contained in Flateyjar-bók iii. 463-472. Ósvalds Saga, the Life of King Oswald, Ed. 1854. Thomas Saga Erkibiskups, the Life of Thomas á Becket, cited from a MS. 5311 in the British Museum, a transcript of an Icelandic vellum MS. called Thomas-skinna; another recension of this Saga is in an Icelandic MS. at Stockholm: it is now in the press under the care of Unger, Christiania, whose edition is now and then cited (Thom. Ed.), vide e.g. gjafmildi. Rómverja Sögur, edited in Pröver, pp. 108-386, is a paraphrase of Sallust’s Bellum Jugurt. and Lucan’s Pharsalia. Veraldar Saga, a short Universal History, ‘Sex Aetates Mundi,’ cited from Pröver, pp. 64-103. We may also here record the Þorfinns Saga (vide above, D. II. 2) and Vínlands-þáttr, from Flateyjar-bók vol. i, wrongly inserted in the editions of the Heimskringla vol. i, published by Rafn in Antiquitates Americanae, Copenhagen, pp. 7-78: these two Sagas refer to the discovery of America at the end of the 10th and the beginning of the 11th centuries.

F. SACRED OR LEGENDARY LORE.

 * I. of the Historical Books of the Old Testament by bishop Brand (died 1264), edited by Unger, Christiania 1862; also sometimes called Gyðinga Sögur. The first part, pp. 1-319, is a scholastic compilation from Genesis, Exodus, Petrus Comestor, and the Speculum Historiale, and was composed about A.D. 1300, but the whole work is now called by the name of Stjórn.

 * II., etc.—The Homilies and Sermons of St. Gregory, marked Greg. Homiliu-bók or Book of Homilies, by Unger, Christiania 1864, marked Hom.; the figures refer to the pages of the MS. Arna-Magn. 619, which are marked in the edition: another old vellum MS. of Homilies at Stockholm (marked Hom. St.) is not published. Elucidarius, Ed. in Ann. for Nord. Oldk. 1858; the figures mark the pages of the MS. noted in the edition.

 * III., etc.:—Barlaams Saga (by Joh. Damasc.), Unger’s Ed., Christiania 1851: Clemens Saga (Clement Alexandr.): Martinus Saga (St. Martin of Tours), from vellum MS. Arna-Magn. 645: Blasius Saga (St. Blaise), from vellum MS. Arna-Magn. 623: Mariu Saga (Virgin Mary), from MS. Arna-Magn. 656 A. and other MSS., is now edited by C. R. Unger, Christiania, and often cited both in the Grammar and Dictionary: Niðrstigningar Saga or History of Descent to Hell, a rendering of the later part of the Apocryphal Gospel of Nicodemus, from MSS. Arna-Magn. 645, pp. 102-110, and 623, pp. 1-10: Andreas Saga, MS. Arna-Magn. 625: Johannes Saga baptistae, MS. Arna-Magn. 623: Postula Sögur, from various MSS., Arna-Magn. 645, 656 C, etc.; a printed copy (Viðey 1836) is now and then used: Theophilus, edited by Mr. Dasent, 1842, now again published as part of the Mar. Saga. Antonius Saga, Augustinus Saga, Páls Saga Postula, cited from Arna-Magn. 234 fol. Many other small legendary stories are besides cited (without name) from the Arna-Magn. MSS. nos. 656, 655 (the Roman numerals denote parts or fasciculi), 623, 645, 677. Many of these tales and homilies are preserved in very old MSS., and belong to the earliest stage of Icelandic literature.

G. ROMANCES OR FABLES, rendered mostly from French and Latin.

 * I. :—Alexanders Saga (from the Alexandreis of Philip Gautier), by Unger, Christiania 1848: Karla-Magnús Saga (Charlemagne), by Unger, Christiania 1860: Þiðreks Saga af Bern (Dietrich), by Unger, Christiania 1853: Breta-Sögur, the first part also called Trojumanna Sögur, chiefly founded upon Geoffrey of Monmouth’s Hist. Brit. and Dares Phrygius, edited in Ann for Nord. Oldk., Copenhagen 1848, 1849.

 * II. :—Artus-kappa Sögur, containing Parcevals Saga, Ivents Saga, Valvents Saga, Möttuls Saga, Erreks Saga, cited from MS. 4859 in the British Museum: Elis Saga, Bærings Saga, Flovent Saga, Magus Saga, all four cited from vellum MS. Arna-Magn. 580; the last is also at times quoted from an edition: Tristams Saga, in MS. Arna-Magn. 443, but only cited from Fritzner’s Dictionary: Mirmants Saga, cited from MS. 4859 in the British Museum: Bevus Saga; Clarus Saga.β. Strengleikar or Lays of the Britons, edited by Unger, Christiania 1850.

 * III. fabricated in Iceland:—The greater part of Fornaldar Sögur, 2nd and 3rd vols., vide above; Þjalar-Jóns Saga, Konráðs Saga Keisara Sonar, and many others.

H. WORKS OF A LEARNED OR SCHOLASTIC CHARACTER.

 * I. :—Skálda, a collection of three of four Icelandic philological treatises of the 12th to the 14th century, preserved in ones of the MSS. of the Edda (Orms-bók), and therefore usually published as an appendix to that book, and in many modern works quoted under the name of Edda; it is here cited under the name of Skálda. Skálda is a traditionary name in Iceland, although it is sometimes applied to the Skáldskapar-mál, vide C; the earliest and by far the most interesting—perhaps the earliest philological treatise in any Teutonic language—os that by Thorodd; it is contained in p. 160, l. 27 to p. 169, l. 18 in the edition of Dr. Egilsson, Reykjavík 1849 (where these treatises are published under the name of Ritgjörðir Tilheyrandi Snorra Edda), but in the Ed. Arna-Magn. ii. 44-60; the third treatise; an imitation of Donatus and Priscian, pp. 173-200, is written by Ólafr Hvíta-skáld (died 1259), cp. Ed. Arna-Magn. ii. 62-189; the fourth treatise, pp. 200-212, is simply a continuation of the third.2. The Skáldskapar-mál of Snorri, the rhymed glossaries, and the metrical poem Hátta-tal with the commentary in prose (vide C), may be reckoned in this class.

 * II. Skugg-sjá or Konungs Skugg-sjá, i.e. Speculum Regale, a didactic scholastic work; the Copenhagen Ed. of 1768 is cited here; a new edition appeared at Christiania in 1848. Anecdoton, a polemical treatise on ecclesiastical matters, published by Werlauff, Copenhagen 1815, and again in 1848, along with the Skugg-sjá.

 * III. :—Rím-begla, a large collection of arithmetical treatises, etc., published at Copenhagen in 1780; the name Rímbegla, however, refers properly to the first part, viz. pp. 1-114 in this edition: this treatise is preserved in an Icelandic MS. of the 12th century (no. 1812 Royal Libr. Copenhagen), and is so called by the author, whose name is unknown. Algorismus, a treatise on Arithmetic by Hauk Erlendsson (died 1334), contained in the vellum MS. Hauks-bók, and edited by Munch in Ann. for Nord. Oldk., Copenhagen 1848, pp. 353-375.

 * IV. :—A small collection is published under the title of Symbolae ad Geographiam Medii aevi, edited by Werlauff in 1821, especially containing a geographical sketch by the Icelandic abbot Nicholas (died 1161), called Leiðarvísir og Borga-skipan: some things are also published in Antiquités Russes and Orientales, 1852; various fragments of this kind are contained in the Hauks-bók. Some parts of the rhymed glossary in the Edda (C. I), e.g. names of rivers, islands, etc., belong to this class.

 * V. :—Lækninga-bók, a MS. in the Arna-Magn. collection 434, 12mo; a small part published in Pröver, pp. 471-474. The chief source for medical citations, however, is a list of Icelandic names of diseases contained in the 9th and 10th volumes of Félags-rit, 1789 and 1790, written by Svein Pálsson (died 1840), and drawn from various old treatises on medical matters.

J. MÁLDAGAR, SKJÖL, etc., i.e. DEEDS AND DIPLOMAS.

 * I. :—Historia Ecclesiastica Islandiae by bishop Finn Jónsson, Finnus Johannaeus, published in four volumes, Copenhagen 1772-1778, contains a great number of writs and deeds referring to Icelandic church-history, which are cited in this Dictionary as far as down to A.D. 1400: Diplomatarium Islandicum by Jón Sigurdsson, Copenhagen 1857 sqq., contains deeds and Libri Datici of the churches down to the union with Norway (about A.D. 1263), but is not finished: deeds of the 14th century are therefore


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 younglings pushing up about their knees: a whole forest, healthy and beautiful, giving colour to the light, giving perfume to the air: what is this but the most imposing piece in nature's repertory? Heine wished to lie like Merlin under the oaks of Broceliande. I should not be satisfied with one tree; but if the wood grew together like a banyan grove, I would be buried under the tap-root of the whole; my parts should circulate from oak to oak; and my consciousness should be diffused abroad in all the forest, and give a common heart to that assembly of green spires, so that it also might rejoice in its own loveliness and dignity. I think I feel a thousand squirrels leaping from bough to bough in my vast mausoleum; and the birds and the winds merrily coursing over its uneven, leafy surface.

Alas! the forest of Mormal is only a little bit of a wood, and it was but for a little way that we


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 skirted by its boundaries. And the rest of the time the rain kept coming in squirts and the wind in squalls, until one's heart grew weary of such fitful, scolding weather. It was odd how the showers began when we had to carry the boats over a lock, and must expose our legs. They always did. This is a sort of thing that readily begets a personal feeling against nature. There seems no reason why the shower should not come five minutes before or five minutes after, unless you suppose an intention to affront you. The Cigarette had a mackintosh which put him more or less above these contrarieties. But I had to bear the brunt uncovered. I began to remember that nature was a woman. My companion, in a rosier temper, listened with great satisfaction to my Jeremiads, and ironically concurred. He instanced, as a cognate matter, the action of the tides, "Which," said he, "was altogether designed for the confusion of canoeists,


text: The Incas of Peru/Chapter 7

title: The Incas of Peru/Chapter 7


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4 procedure. The Commission thus emphasized that it likewise wished to leave it to the Security Council to decide whether or not such commentaries would be necessary, especially since Mr. Blaisdell, Vice-Chairman of the Steering Committee of the Executive Committee, has compiled some explanatory notes. These appear in the Report of the Preparatory Commission.

We have, moreover, added rule 17, to the effect that the Security Council may consult competent persons on any question.

I think I have dealt exhaustively with the purpose of my report. I would like to add, however, that throughout its work the Preparatory Commission was mindful of the important role of the Security Council as an organ of the United Nations, bearing as it does the full weight of responsibility for the maintenance of international peace. Proof of this awareness was demonstrated, first and foremost, by the atmosphere which always prevailed whenever matters concerning the Security Council were raised in the Preparatory Commission.

Further proof was provided by the spirit of whole-hearted goodwill which inspired all the representatives to assist in reaching solutions best calculated to render our task easier. All we should do, I think, is to proceed in the same conciliatory spirit with the work initiated by the Preparatory Commission, and to seek the means most likely to guarantee peace and security.

4. Adoption of rule 9 of the provisional rules of procedure providing a method for selecting the President

 * I take it that you would wish to have the consideration of the Report deferred until some later time? If that is your wish, then we shall proceed to the consideration of item 3.

I submit to the Council the adoption of rule 9 of the provisional rules of procedure, providing a method of selecting the President. If there are no objections, it is adopted.

Rule 9 was adopted.

5. Selection of the President of the Security Council

The representative of Australia, Mr. N. J. O. Makin, Minister of the Navy, assumed the presidential chair.

 * I find great difficulty in knowing how I can adequately express my sense of the great honour and distinction accorded to my country, and to me personally as leader of the Australian delegation, in taking up my duties as President of the Security Council at its first


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Title
Note that the title of this document (and the copy in internet archive) omits the second "of" in the title. -- Beardo (talk) 16:20, 3 November 2023 (UTC)


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5 session. I would wish that this office had been filled by my colleague, Dr. Evatt, the Australian Minister for External Affairs, who at San Francisco and elsewhere made such a well-recognized contribution to the establishment of the United Nations. I hope that at some later stage, when Australian domestic problems requiring his personal attention are less pressing, Dr. Evatt may find it possible to associate himself with the work of this Council.

May I be permitted to remind you that, during the meetings of the Preparatory Commission, Australia strongly advocated the election of a President of the Security Council for a twelve-month term, instead of a system of automatic rotation of office in alphabetical order, which was eventually adopted? In the circumstances, I suggest that this is a clear demonstration of the desirability of submitting gracefully to the majority decision.

The Australian Government is fully sensible of the great responsibility which has been placed upon it, and of the importance and high dignity of the office which Australia has been called upon to occupy. In discharging my duties as the first President of the Security Council, I shall endeavour to act in accordance with the best traditions of such a responsible office. It will be my utmost endeavour to exercise such impartiality and consideration as will merit your individual confidence and goodwill.

Together we must establish the high standards which should obtain in the work of this Council if it is to proceed with its business smoothly and expeditiously, and if it is to justify the very great hopes which the peoples of the world centre on us.

Our work must be based on the Charter. We are not permitted to go beyond it, but we shall not fail to exercise to the full the very great powers which have been given to this Council.

The guiding principles for the members individually, and for the Council, are already laid down and have already been accepted by each one of us. I would call to mind five of the principles that are found in Article 2 of the Charter:

 * 1) The principle of the sovereign equality of all Members.
 * 2) The undertaking to fulfil in good faith the obligations which members assume in order to assure to all Members of the United Nations the rights and benefits resulting from membership.
 * 3) The undertaking to settle international disputes by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security and justice are not endangered.
 * 4) The undertaking to refrain in international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any State, and from the use of force in any other manner inconsistent with the purposes of the United Nations.


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6 # The undertaking to give the United Nations every assistance in any action which takes place in accordance with the Charter, and to refrain from giving assistance to any State against which the United Nations is taking preventive or enforcement action.

These principles include a respect for the sovereign equality of States, and the territorial integrity and political independence of States. They also include a pledge to serve the aims of justice and the cause of peace.

Our fellow Members of the United Nations have placed in our hands the primary, but not the sole responsibility, for the maintenance of international peace and security. They have given to us authority to act on their behalf, and they will expect us to remember these principles at all times. I am sure that so long as we do so the Security Council will be a great power for good in the world, bringing that freedom from fear which is necessary before we can hope for progress and welfare in all lands.

The first task before the Security Council will necessarily be of an organizational kind, so that it may establish itself and complete all the arrangements necessary for its smooth working and continuous functioning. I trust that this essential business will be completed expeditiously, so that we may give immediate attention to the completion of the system of security described in the Charter.

In addition to the preliminary organization, I feel that I should call attention to the need, in accordance with Article 43 of the Charter, for the negotiation of special agreements amongst states, so that the Security Council may have available at its call as soon as possible the armed forces, assistance and facilities necessary to maintain peace. For the conclusion of these agreements, the advice and assistance of the Military Staff Committee will be necessary; one of the first acts of the Security Council will be to call this Committee into being and to direct it in the task that it is to perform. When this process is complete, the Security Council will be fully equipped to perform a function which is unique in the history of international organization—the direction of collective action for the maintenance of peace, justice, and the rule of law.

I would stress, therefore, that the calling together of the Security Council will not by itself establish peace. The maintenance of peace requires the co-operation of all Members of the United Nations. That co-operation rests, in the ultimate issue, on the will of the peoples of the world to work for peace. A real will to peace must spring, not from fear, but from positive faith in the brotherhood of men.

The more speedily and smoothly we can complete this preliminary work, the sooner will the Security Council be capable of exercising its full powers for the good of all-nations, so that we may find the means of living together in peace with one another as good neighbours. Conscious of the urgent nature of the responsi


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7 bilities which we have undertaken in ratifying the Charter, I invite the members of the Council to proceed with the business before us. Let us commence our work in confidence and goodwill, and continue it in that spirit, not unaware of the difficulties which lie ahead, but determined to overcome them.

Edward Stettinius Jr. (United States of America): Before we proceed to the adoption of the agenda, may I congratulate you, as the representative of Australia, on becoming the first President of the Security Council. Also, may I congratulate you on the magnificent address that we have just heard. May I add, on behalf of the United States, that I am glad this honour has fallen to one of the smaller countries elected to the Security Council, and to one which joined so effectively with the larger nations in the grand alliance of the United Nations against the Axis aggressors.

Today's meeting of the Security Council, like last Thursday's meeting of the General Assembly, is an historic occasion.

For those of us who have been working over the past two years to bring the United Nations into being, today is a fulfilment of our hopes. It seems only yesterday, and was, indeed, little more than a year ago, that the preliminary plan of a Security Council began to take shape at Dumbarton Oaks.

But for the world, today's meeting is not a fulfilment but a beginning. The Assembly, together with the Economic and Social Council and the Trusteeship Council, is responsible for building the kind of world in which lasting peace will be possible. The Security Council, on the other hand, must make the possibility a certainty; it must see that the peace is kept in fact. That grave responsibility has been delegated to it under the Charter by all the Members of the United Nations. The powers which the Charter gives to the Security Council are, I believe, sufficient for this purpose.

Whether it succeeds or not, however, depends upon the manner in which the members of the Security Council discharge the special obligation which they have assumed. This is the obligation to agree so that the Council may be able to act, and act effectively. It is the obligation to reconcile our differences, one by one, and to work together to fulfil the purposes and principles to which the Charter pledges all the Members of the United Nations.

To meet this obligation will often be difficult. It will require the highest kind of statesmanship from all the member nations, large and small. But it is an obligation that arises from the necessities of mankind's survival on this planet. The ability to meet it has been tried and tested and not found wanting in the terrible ordeal through which we have just passed. It has been tried and tested and not found wanting in the creation of the United Nations. Its mettle, I believe with all my heart, will stand the tests of peace to come, if for no other reason than because it must.


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8 The Security Council today begins its history. It will be a history momentous in its consequences for the human race. This is a new beginning in the long quest for peace and security. Many failures lie behind this day. Many difficulties lie ahead. This time we cannot afford to fail.

We have a great deal of organizational work to do before we can complete the security system intended by the Charter. Let us enter now upon that work. If we build sensibly and steadily and in loyal friendship together, we will not betray the hopes of men and women everywhere that are today placed in our hands.

Wellington Koo (China): As the representative of a country which, like yours, Mr. President, is remote from Europe, but which, in sentiment, always regards Australia as a close neighbour, I am glad to take this opportunity to join in the congratulations which Mr. Stettinius, the representative of the United States of America, has just extended to you, and to associate myself with the wise words which you and he have said in emphasizing the importance of the task that lies ahead of us.

The inauguration of the Security Council is a signal event for the peace-loving peoples of the world. This principal organ of the United Nations is not merely a constituent part of the United Nations, but a standing body which will function continuously. On this Council rests the primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security in the world. It has, besides, the exclusive authority of dealing with Trust Territories which are strategic areas. It has also an important role to play in bringing about settlement of international disputes by peaceful means and in conformity with the principles of justice and international law. The Council has other functions and powers, but those I have mentioned are perhaps the most important of all.

The first meetings of the Security Council must, in the nature of things, be devoted mainly to the work and problems of organization. In order to discharge its functions effectively, it must set up the necessary machinery and agencies. Among them is the Military Staff Committee, which is provided for by the Charter and which, we hope, will be established in due course.

China, my country, which yields to none in the love of peace and in the determination to subordinate national interests to the common interest of the international family, rejoices in the birth of this vital organ in the body politic of the United Nations.

Therefore, on this historic occasion I wish, while congratulating you and your country, also to express the satisfaction of the Chinese Government and people that the Security Council is now constituted and entering upon its all-important functions and duties, especially its paramount function and duty as the recognized guardian of world peace.


text: The Czechoslovak Review/Volume 3/Number 3


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9 Andrei Gromyko (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics): This moment is truly historical. This is the first meeting of the organ whose task is to ensure lasting peace among nations. I wish, in the name of the Soviet delegation, to express the hope that the Security Council will fulfil the great historic task which has been given to it by the Charter of the United Nations.

Ernest Bevin (United Kingdom): I am naturally glad that the representative of a British Dominion has been called upon to take the chair at the first meeting of the Security Council, and especially a Dominion whose very existence was threatened by an attack by the Japanese and who, for a considerable time, faced the dangers of invasion and destruction.

We are met today to inaugurate the Security Council. Like the other representatives who have spoken, I can only hope that it will be successful in its work, firm in its decisions, just and considerate in dealing with all the cases that will come before us, and always actuated by the highest motives to secure peace among all peoples.

Vincent Auriol (France) (translated from French): The French Government joins in the tributes which have been paid to the President, and associates itself with the presidential address and with the words which have greeted the opening meeting of the Security Council. Seventy-five years ago, almost to the day, Bismarck laid the foundations of the German Empire. It is fitting to recall the collapse of that mighty empire at this moment when we are ushering in an epoch of law among peoples and of justice among nations.

The Security Council’s task is a heavy one, but it will be sustained by our hope, which is shared by the people, and by our remembrance of the sufferings of all those who fought and died that the rule of law might prevail. Faithful to her tradition, France will strive with all means at her disposal for the accomplishment of the task set before us.

Abdel Hamid Badawi (Egypt) (translated from French): The significance of this event has already been sufficiently stressed. The functions and responsibilities of the Security Council have been expounded in words which are as eloquent as they are timely, and I have nothing to add to these pronouncements, except to offer my congratulations to the President. His election is a tribute to his country, which fought so valiantly against the enemy, and it recalls the fine contribution of Dr. Evatt to the cause of liberty and international law.

Egypt is proud of her membership of the Security Council. She has full faith in the Council's future, knowing the spirit which animates it. The Council is the safeguard of lasting peace, as the future will prove.

Cyro de Freitas Valle (Brazil): After listening to so many eloquent speeches today, you will wish to be brief, Mr. President. I shall


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10 just like, on behalf of Brazil, to applaud your remarks and to say how happy we are to see you in the Chair, and to recall what was said yesterday by the head of my delegation as to what people are awaiting from this gathering. He said, you will remember, “The trouble-maker is always wrong.” Let us hope that from now on the trouble-maker will be stopped.

Zygmunt Modzelewski (Poland) (translated from French): Poland can look back on a long history devoted to the defence of justice and peace. The very life of Poland depends on the preservation of peace. The truth of this was shown to us in a sad and painful manner during the recent German occupation. This is but an additional reason for our endorsing wholeheartedly the statements in favour of peace made by the representatives of great nations.

Eelco van Kleffens (Netherlands): It is a great privilege and a matter of happy augury, I think, that we start the meeting under the presidency of so eminent a gentleman as the representative of the Commonwealth of Australia.

Less than a year ago, the people of the Netherlands were still under the heel of an oppressor. It was the blackest period in their history, and the contrast of the present day is very great. But though it was a situation in which all were near despair, hope was never entirely extinguished in the hearts of my countrymen, and it has now made room for high expectation.

I remember very well that, in the dark days of the war, that great leader of the country which is giving us the very generous hospitality we are enjoying here—I mean Winston Spencer Churchill — talked to us of the dark valley through which we had to make a long pilgrimage in order to emerge one day into these sunlit regions where 'peace, and liberty would reign once more. We have now emerged into those regions; and I think that this assembly, of the Security Council marks a most auspicious beginning.

In the old Republic of the United Netherlands there used to be an important body whose members in those formal days used to be addressed in writing as “Very discreet and very loyal Gentlemen”. I think if we all work together here as very discreet and very loyal gentlemen, then the Security Council will fulfil in the spirit of the Charter that very important mission that has been entrusted to it,

(Mexico): Nothing could be more opportune than this moment of historical importance, when the Security Council, of the United Nations is established in session, to remember the purpose and aim of the United Nations and the problems which face the United Nations and the nations represented in the Security Council. With the high ideals, which are expressed in the words of the Charter,