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100 to the God of Israel. Note, Those that resolve to serve God, must not mind being singular in it, nor be drawn by the crowd to forsake his service. Those that are bound for heaven, must be willing to swim against the stream, and must not do as the most do, but as the best do.

(2.) The matter being thus put to their choice, they immediately determine it by a free, rational, and intelligent, declaration, for the God of Israel, against all competitors whatsoever, v. 16··18. Here, [1.] They concur with Joshua in this resolution, being influenced by the example of so great a man, who had been so great a blessing to them, v. 18, We also will serve the Lord. See how much good great men might do, if they were but zealous in religion, by their influence on their inferiors. [2.] They startle at the thought of apostatising from God, v. 16. God forbid! the word intimates the greatest dread and detestation imaginable; "Far be it, far be it from us, that we or our'sours - as per 1806 London edition [sic] should ever forsake the Lord to serve other gods. We must be lost to all sense of justice, gratitude, and honour, ere we can harbour the least thought of such a thing." Thus must our hearts rise against all temptations to desert the service of God: Get thee behind me, Satan. [3.] They give very substantial reasons for their choice, to show that they did not make it purely in compliance to Joshua, but from a full conviction of the reasonableness and equity of it. They make this choice for, and in consideration, First, Of the many great and very kind things God had done for them, bringing them out of Egypt through the wilderness into Canaan, v. 17, 18. Thus they repeat to themselves Joshua's sermon, and then express their sincere compliance with the intentions of it. Secondly, Of the relation they stood in to God, and his covenant with them, "We will serve the Lord, v. 18, for he is our God, who has graciously engaged himself by promise to us, and to whom we have by solemn vow engaged ourselves."

2. He brings them to embrace their religion resolutely, and to express a full purpose of heart to cleave to the Lord. Now that he has them in a good mind, he follows his blow, and drives the nail to the head, that it might, if possible, be a nail in a sure place. Fast bind, fast find.

(1.) In order to this he sets before them the difficulties of religion, and that in it, which might be thought discouraging, v. 19, 20. Ye cannot serve the Lord, for he is a holy God, or as it is in the Hebrew, he is the holy Gods, intimating the mystery of the Trinity, three in one; holy, holy, holy, holy Father, holy Son, holy Spirit. He will not forgive. And if ye forsake him, he will do you hurt. Certainly Joshua does not intend hereby to deter them from the service of God as impracticable and dangerous. But, [1.] He perhaps intends to represent here the suggestions of seducers, who tempted Israel from their God, and from the service of him, with such insinuations as these; that he was a hard master, his work impossible to be done, and he not to be pleased, and if displeased, implacable and revengeful; that he would confine their respects to himself only, and would not suffer them to show the least kindness for any other, and that herein he was very unlike the gods of the nations, which were easy, and neither holy nor jealous. It is probable that this was then commonly objected against the Jewish religion, as it has all along been the artifice of Satan ever since he tempted our first parents, thus to misrepresent God and his laws, as harsh and severe; and Joshua by his tone and manner of speaking might make them perceive he intended it as an objection, and would put it to them how they would keep their ground against the force of it. Or, [2.] He thus expresses his godly jealousy over them, and his fear concerning them, that, notwithstanding the professions they now made of zeal for God and his service, they would afterward draw back, and if they did, they would find him just and jealous to avenge it. Or, [3.] He resolves to let them know the worst of it, and what strict terms they must expect to stand upon with God, that they might sit down and count the cost. "Ye cannot serve the Lord, except you put away all other gods, for he is holy and jealous, and will by no means admit a rival, and therefore you must be very watchful and careful, for it is at your peril, if you desire his service; better you had never known it." Thus though our Master has assured us that his yoke is easy, yet lest, upon the presumption of that, we should grow remiss and careless, he has also told us that the gate is straight, and the way narrow, that leads to life, that we may therefore strive to enter, and not seek only. "You cannot serve God and mammon; therefore if you resolve to serve God, you must renounce all competitors with him. You cannot serve God in your own strength, nor will he forgive your transgressions for any righteousness of your own; but all the seed of Israel must be justified and must glory in the Lord alone, as their righteousness and strength, Isa. 45. 24, 25. They must therefore come off from all confidence in their own sufficiency, else their purposes would be to no purpose. Or, [4.] Joshua thus urges on them the seeming discouragements which lay in their way, that he might sharpen their resolutions, and draw from them a promise yet more express and solemn, that they would continue faithful to God and their religion. He draws it from them that they might catch at it the more earnestly, and hold it the faster.

(2.) Notwithstanding this statement of the difficulties of religion, they declared a firm and fixed resolution to continue and persevere therein, v. 21. "Nay, but we will serve the Lord, we will think never the worse of him for his being a holy and jealous God, nor for his confining his servants to worship himself only. Justly will he consume them that forsake him, but we never will forsake him; not only we have a good mind to serve him, and we hope we shall, but we are at a point, we cannot bear to hear any entreaties to leave him, or to turn from following after him, Ruth 1. 16. in the strength of divine grace we are resolved that we will serve the Lord." This resolution they repeat with an explication, v. 24. "The Lord our God will we serve, not only be called his servants, and wear his livery, but our religion shall rule us in every thing, and his voice will we obey." And in vain do we call him Master and Lord, if we do not the things which he saith, Luke 6. 46. This last promise they make, in answer to the charge Joshua gave them, v. 23. that, in order to their perseverance, they should, [1.] Put away the images and relics of the strange gods, and not keep any of the tokens of those other lovers in their custody, if they resolved their Maker should be their Husband; they promise in this to obey his voice. [2.] That they should incline their hearts to the God of Israel, use their authority over their own hearts to engage them for God, not only to set their affections upon him, but to settle them so. These terms they agreed to, and thus, as Joshua explains the bargain, they strike it, The Lord our God will we serve.

II. The service of God being thus made their deliberate choice, Joshua binds them to it by a solemn covenant, v. 25. Moses had twice publicly ratified this covenant between God and Israel, at mount Sinai, Exod. 24. and in the plains of Moab, Deut 29. 1. Joshua had likewise done it once, ch. 8. 31, &c. and now the second time. It is here called a


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42 Part 6—General provisions ::section 70 (offences under section 1 of the Geneva Conventions Act 1957 (c. 52)), and
 * sections 71 to 73 (extradition);
 * (d) the repeal by Schedule 10 of the provisions of the Genocide Act 1969 (c. 12) creating the offence of genocide.

(2) This Act extends to Northern Ireland.

(3) Her Majesty may by Order in Council make provision for extending the provisions of this Act, with such exceptions, adaptations or modifications as may be specified in the Order, to any of the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or any colony.

(4) Section 77 of this Act (application of provisions to other International Tribunals) has the same extent as section 1 of the United Nations Act 1946 (c. 45).

(5) The provisions of this Act amending the Army Act 1955 (3 & 4 Eliz. 2 c. 18), the Air Force Act 1955 (3 & 4 Eliz. 2 c. 19) or the Naval Discipline Act 1957 (c. 53), or which relate to proceedings under those Acts, extend to any place to which those Acts extend.

80Power to make provision in relation to Scotland

(1) The Secretary of State may by regulations make such modifications or adaptations of this Act as appear to him appropriate for co-ordinating the provisions of this Act and any corresponding provisions of an Act of the Scottish Parliament.

(2) The regulations may, in particular, make provision—
 * (a) for the transmission to and from Scottish Ministers of communications from and to the ICC, and
 * (b) for warrants, orders and other things done under the Scottish provisions to have effect in England and Wales or Northern Ireland as if done under the corresponding provisions of this Act.

(3) Regulations under this section shall be made by statutory instrument which shall be subject to annulment in pursuance of a resolution of either House of Parliament. Final provisions 81Index of defined expressions

In this Act the expressions listed below are defined or otherwise explained by the provisions indicated—

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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International Criminal Court Act 2001 (c. 17) Part 6—General provisions

82Commencement

(1) The provisions of this Act come into force on such day as the Secretary of State may by order appoint.

(2) Any such order shall be made by statutory instrument and may appoint different days for different provisions and purposes.

83Repeals

The enactments mentioned in Schedule 10 are repealed to the extent specified.


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44 Part 6—General provisions 84Short title

This Act may be cited as the International Criminal Court Act 2001.


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42 of slow-coaches, but a genuine idler is a rarity. He is not a man who slouches about with his hands in his pockets. On the contrary, his most startling characteristic is that he is always intensely busy.

It is impossible to enjoy idling thoroughly unless one has plenty of work to do. There is no fun in doing nothing when you have nothing to. Wasting time is merely an occupation then, and a most exhausting one. Idleness, like kisses, to be sweet must be stolen.

Many years ago, when I was a young man, I was taken very ill—I never could see myself that much was the matter with me, except that I had a beastly cold. But I suppose it was something very serious, for the doctor said that I ought to have come to him a month before, and that if it (whatever it was) had gone on for another week he would not have answered for the consequences. It is an extraordinary thing, but I never knew a doctor called into any case yet, but what it transpired that another day's delay would have rendered cure hopeless. Our medical guide, philosopher, and friend is like the hero in a melodrama, he always comes upon the scene just, and only just, in the nick of time. It is Providence, that is what it is.

Well, as I was saying, I was very ill, and was ordered to Buxton for a month, with strict injunctions to do nothing whatever all the while that I was there.


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Rh "Rest is what you require," said the doctor, "perfect rest."

It seemed a delightful prospect. "This man evidently understands my complaint," said I, and I pictured to myself a glorious time—a four weeks' dolce far niente with a dash of illness in it. Not too much illness, but just illness enough—just sufficient to give it the flavour of suffering, and make it poetical. I should get up late, sip chocolate, and have my breakfast in slippers and a dressing-gown. I should lie out in the garden in a hammock, and read sentimental novels with a melancholy ending, until the book would fall from my listless hand, and I should recline there, dreamily gazing into the deep blue of the firmament, watching the fleecy clouds, floating like white-sailed ships, across its depths, and listening to the joyous song of the birds, and the low rustling of the trees. Or, when I became too weak to go out of doors, I should sit, propped up with pillows, at the open window of the ground floor front, and look wasted and interesting, so that all the pretty girls would sigh as they passed by.

And, twice a day, I should go down in a Bath chair to the Colonnade, to drink the waters. Oh, those waters! I knew nothing about them then, and was rather taken with the idea. "Drinking the waters" sounded fashionable and Queen Anneified, and I thought I should like them. But, ugh! after the first


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 when we were small, and the youngest fell sick; his illness became serious, and my parents, in their anxiety, wished to leave nothing undone. One day, when we were all at table, we missed the dessert. "Isn't there any dessert?" one of us asked. "No," my mother answered. "We can't afford it. We have to buy medicine for your baby brother." Soon afterward the baby boy died. Time passed, conditions became normal again, and the dessert reappeared on the table. We children clapped our hands. "We have dessert again! We have dessert!" My father and mother looked at each other sadly—it was a look that imposed silence upon us all, agonizing silence. We felt as if we had been eating our baby brother instead of the dessert. Now you understand why the thought of a family of my own in which these childish ferocities might be repeated, appalls me. Their cruelty is so elemental that it does not outrage, but brings tears.

. Yes, life is cruel. If these things produced so deep an impression upon you that you have never been able to forget them, think what they must have meant to your father and mother. A child can never know the anguish that parents feel when they see their children suffer, when they hear them complain of life, of the lack of so many things, to which they believe themselves entitled simply through having been born, because they see others about them who have them, simply because they were born. At such a time, even the love through which we brought them into the world, weighs upon our hearts like remorse. We have not the courage to call them ungrateful, we prefer rather to blame ourselves. If our children could only know that we are so eager to see them happy that even their ingratitude, horrible though it may be in a child, does not wound us so deeply as it does to see them suffer, and to realize that we are pow-


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 erless, with all the love in our hearts, to assure their happiness.

. Why, mamma!

. Forgive me. Now you understand why the prospect of my son's marriage appalls me. I have lived as I am not willing that he should live, as I am not willing that my daughter should live. Luisa might have married her cousin Manolo when she was still very young. It is easy to see what the result would have been, because he has married, and has five children. Everything spells trouble and anxiety in that house. The wife is ill, the children are delicate. No love is strong enough to hold out. The gentlest nature must become crabbed and distorted, and patience is exhausted at last. Bitter disputes take place at all hours; words are exchanged, as a mere matter of habit, which give offense. If love had been all of life, there would not have been a happier woman in the world than I; none was ever loved more dearly by her husband, or was more fortunate in her children. And yet, if you were to ask me: "Would you be willing to live your life over again?" I should reply: "No, no! A thousand times no! I have had enough!" And now to think that my life may be lived over again, that it may be lived again by my children… Oh, my poor boy, my poor boy!

. Who knows? Julio may be very happy—it depends upon his disposition, and upon circumstances. Suppose that he should be fortunate enough not to have children? Or he may be lucky in the lottery, or they both may die on their honeymoon, and be satisfied!

. That is a terrible thing to say.

. In all probability nature will take her course, and it will be merely one marriage more. The world has no intention of coming to an end, Doña Carmen, and to face the


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 question squarely, if only the rich were to marry and only the rich to have children, it would not be long before they could no longer tell that they were rich, because they would be walking the streets barefoot for want of anybody to make them a pair of shoes. I must hurry now; it is time to go, Doña Carmen. I should not like Julio to surprise me here, and to imagine that this was a conspiracy.

. Do not worry upon that account; he never returns before eleven at the earliest. But we must not detain you; you have engagements, and our tertulia would not prove amusing.

. Probably you expect company?

. Only some neighbors, who spend the winter evenings together. We meet in a different house every night. To-night it is our turn.

. I suppose you play games?

. Not even that. We talk, we read the paper. Some of us go to sleep.

. You may feel like a dull evening some time yourself.

. Yes, I shall drop in if I do. I hope you improve, Luisita. Now don't blacken my reputation. I may pursue the rich girls, but you don't know how shocked I should be, if one of them were honestly to sit up and take notice.

. I wish I could believe what you say.

. Good-by, Pepe. Adios! Remember to speak to Julio.

. Never, Doña Carmen. When a man has made up his mind, it is useless. It would only create feeling. I think too much of Julio, as he knows—and you know what I think of you.

. Thanks, Pepe; many, many thanks.


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. Pepe is a nice boy, after all.

. After all?

. At first sight you might think he was lightheaded, talking as he does, and pretending that all the girls are in love with him.

. He is not bad-looking, so no wonder. Besides, he is clever. I must get my sewing.

. Don't sew any more, my dear. You are not well. How are you now? Why don't you go to bed?

. No, I couldn't sleep.

. Well, don't sew. I don't want you to overdo; you have enough with the housework. I wish the weather would improve, and then we could go out for a walk in the afternoons. We stay indoors too much—not that I care, I don't feel it myself; I grow stronger every day, by God's grace, apparently. But you, my dear, are nothing but bones; you don't eat.

. I haven't any appetite.

. That reminds me, your tonic has given out. We must send for another bottle to-morrow.

. No, mamma, it doesn't do any good; it is only an expense. I'll be better soon; I must get strong, so that I can help you, and work.

. My poor child, you mustn't think of such a thing.

. Yes, mamma; when Julio marries, he won't be able to help you any more, although he may not admit it. Even if he could, his wife wouldn't let him. A daughter-in-law isn't the same thing as a daughter.

. No, and, anyway, I couldn't accept it. Does he think that is what I have on my mind? What difference does it make? I might be willing to swallow my pride for your sake, but I am accustomed to it. You were babies


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 in arms when your father died. Now, he is the one I am worried about. A son, a brother, doesn't know what it means to keep house, to support a family. He imagines his wife will be just like we are; but Emilia will have her ideas…

. I think I hear Don Hilario.

. Don Hilario!

. What is this? How is the invalid? They told me she had had a violent attack.

. I only frightened mamma.

. Yes, doctor, it was rather violent. Fortunately, it passed quickly.

. Come, come! Do you feel distress? Any oppression? Palpitation?

. No, not now.

. How is the appetite?

. She hasn't any; she doesn't eat. I am dreadfully worried. Isn't there anything that we can do for this child? Can't we cure her somehow, Don Hilario?

. Ah, Doña Carmen, we could open this balcony to the sea or to the green fields, instead of on this narrow, dirty street; we could throw those inner windows wide to the sunshine and fresh air, instead of opening them upon a dusky, murky court, heavy with kitchen smells; we could bring a little love and a little happiness to Luisita's heart along with the sunshine and fresh air!

. Yes, you are right. That is the only cure.

. But sunshine and fresh air, sea breezes and the scent of the fields, love with its illusions and desires, which are so necessary to the young, are gifts which God has scattered through the world, but which man has made so dear. Believe me, the diseases which science has not yet been able


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52 At the Piltdown Nurseries in Sussex there are many fine specimens, one of which is said to have been 50 feet by 9½ feet in girth in 1854. Messrs. Dennett and Sons, the present tenants of this nursery, inform me that they believe this is one of the oldest trees in the country, and that in April 1903 it was about 70 feet high (perhaps more), with a girth of 7 feet at 5 feet, and 11 feet close to the ground. But a correspondent of the Gardeners' Chronicle says that in 1891 it was 65 feet by 10½ feet at 4 feet, and that 3½ bushels of seed were collected in this nursery in 1889, which produced hardier plants than imported seed. He also states that one of the trees which was cut down in 1880 threw up in 1884 a sucker from the roots, which grew 15 feet high in five years, and showed in 1891 no signs of branching out in any way. He also states that it does not matter when Araucarias are pruned, as they grow steadily all the year. The soil at Piltdown is a deep loam with gravel subsoil, and though, as it is here stated, it is generally thought that a dry, well-drained subsoil is essential to the success of this tree, yet I have seen in the garden of Foss bridge Inn in the Cotswold Hills, in a low damp situation close to the banks of the Coin, two Araucarias, male and female, about 40 feet high, which produced ripe seed in 1903, from which Mr. Holyoake, gardener to the Earl of Eldon of Stowell Park, has raised plants.

At Bicton, Devonshire, the seat of the Honourable Mark Rolle, there is a fine avenue of Araucarias, which has been often mentioned in print; but the trees in it do not appear to be increasing in height so fast as the good soil and climate would lead one to expect. When I saw them in September 1902 the best which I measured was about 50 feet high by 8 feet 9 inches in girth. Ripe seeds were falling at the time, from which seedlings were raised.

There are also fine trees at Castlehill, North Devon, the seat of the Earl Fortescue, which have produced seed for many years past.

At Tortworth Court, Gloucestershire, the seat of the Earl of Ducie, who has one of the best collections of trees in England, and to whom I am indebted for very much assistance and advice in this work, there are many large Araucarias, the best of which I found to be 53 feet by 7 feet 6 inches in 1904. It is producing many young shoots among the dying branches of the trunk.

In Scotland the Araucaria grows well not only in the south-west where, at Castle Kennedy, the seat of the Earl of Stair, there is a fine avenue, 200 yards long, in which the largest tree is 50 feet by 6 feet 2 inches in girth, and from which self-sown seedlings have sprung, but also in Perthshire, where there are fair-sized trees, one of which on the banks of the Tay in the grounds of the Duke of Athole at Dunkeld, I found in 1904 to be 50 feet high, but only 3 feet 11 in girth. It grows well at Gordon Castle exposed to the full force of the north-east wind, and has ripened seeds as far north as Inverness. But some of the trees recorded in Perthshire and other places in Scotland have been killed during severe frosts, and as a rule the growth is not so rapid as in the south of England. Two


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54 is due to the roots of the tree having reached a cold wet subsoil, or from exposure to excessive cold. There seems to be no remedy for this disease, which usually kills the tree.

Araucarias do not thrive in the smoky atmosphere of a large town, and for this reason are not seen at their best in the immediate neighbourhood of London, nor do I know of any very fine ones in Wales or in the midland and northern counties of England.

The gum which exudes from the bark is used in Chile as a salve for wounds and ulcers. It has a pleasant smell like that of turpentine, and sets hard when dry, but I am not aware that it contains any special intrinsic virtue.

The seeds are largely consumed by the Araucanos and other tribes of Indians, and are occasionally sent for sale to the markets of Valdivia and Concepcion. I have eaten them both roasted and boiled, and found them very palatable, with a nutty flavour somewhat like that of almonds.

The timber is said to have been formerly used in the dockyards of Chile, but is now considered inferior to that of the Alerce (Fitzroya patagonica), and perhaps owing to the remote positions in which the trees grow, is not now used except locally. Through the kindness of the Duke of Bedford I received two planks cut from a tree grown at Endsleigh, near Tavistock, of which the wood does not show any specially attractive quality. The Earl of Ducie describes it as "not unlike good deal, but from the absence of turpentine and for some other reason it is smoother to the touch than the ordinary deals of commerce. In this respect its texture is not unlike that of redwood (Sequoia senipervirens). On testing a thin batten by breakage, it proved to be tough and strong for its size; but the fracture was abrupt, and showed little longitudinal fibre. The wood is somewhat heavier than ordinary deal." The timber is not mentioned in Stone's Timbers of Commerce.


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56

The Ginkgo when young is pyramidal in habit, with slender, upright branches: older, it becomes much more spreading and broader in the crown. It attains a height of 100 feet and upwards, with a girth of stem of about 30 feet. Bark: grey, somewhat rough, becoming fissured when old.

Leaves: deciduous, scattered on the long shoots, crowded at the apex of the short shoots, which grow slowly from year to year, their older portions being covered with the leaf-scars of former years. The short shoot may, after several years, elongate into a long shoot bearing scattered leaves. The leaves are stalked, and unique in shape amongst trees, recalling on a large scale the pinna of an adiantum fern; they show much variation in size (2–8 inches in breadth) and in margin, but generally are bilobed and irregularly crenate or cut in their upper part. There is no midrib, and the veins, repeatedly forking, are not connected by any cross veinlets. The stomata are scattered on the lower surface. In the bud the leaves are folded together and not rolled up, as in the crozier-like vernation of ferns.

Flowers and fruit: see description of the genus.

The drupe-like seeds have a fleshy outer covering of a bright orange colour when ripe, and when they fall upon the ground, this bursts and emits an odour of butyric acid which is very disagreeable. They are imperfectly developed as they fall, though apparently ripe; and the fertilisation of the ovule and the subsequent development of the embryo occur while they are lying on the ground during winter. The kernels^are edible, being known to the Chinese as pai-kuo (white fruits), and are sold in most market towns of China. They are supposed to promote digestion and diminish the effects of wine-drinking; and are eaten roasted at feasts and weddings, the shells being dyed red.

Fruit-bearing trees are now common in Southern Europe; but no fruit, so far as we know, has ever been produced in England. The well-known tree at Kew is a male, and produces flowers freely in exceptional years, e.g. in 1894, supposed to be due to the fact that the preceding summer was remarkably warm, with continual sunshine.

Extraordinary cases of abnormal formation of fruit have been observed in Japan. Shirai described and figured in 1891 fruit which was produced on the surface of ordinary leaves of the tree. Fujii has studied since then the various stages of the development of ovules and of pollen sacs upon leaves. The so-called aril of the fruit is considered by him to represent a carpel, as he has observed transitional stages between the ordinarily shaped aril and a leafy blade bearing ovules.


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 to master, those familiar maladies whose causes and whose cure are unknown, although there are many, are not so much the despair of physicians as those other ills, in which life, not death, is the enemy, those maladies which we know so well and whose cure we also know, which have but a single name—poverty. I should not speak to others as frankly as I do to you, it might give offense; there is so much false pride. But here I am a friend. Since we have been neighbors, and I have had the pleasure of attending you, I have come to be deeply interested in you all.

. We appreciate it, Don Hilario; you have been kind and generous to us. You must forgive us if we abuse your generosity, but your visits are a consolation.

. Say no more. Doña Carmen. As I have told you, there is but one word for Luisita's illness, poverty, poverty of blood, poverty of life, poverty of everything. Even though you were to make a great effort, and to change your manner of living for a time completely, what would be gained by it? The inevitable reaction would ensue, accompanied by greater suffering, greater privations. I know there are physicians, and I envy them, who look upon the patient as an abstract being, and have the temerity to prescribe expensive travels and costly diets, fillets and champagnes of rare vintages, whether they ride up in an elevator and trip over soft carpets, or clamber up a hundred steps to an attic, clattering over broken tiles. It is my misfortune to be considerate, and there are those who do not thank me for it. There are persons who say: "Don Hilario does not diagnose my complaint; he prescribes nothing." Whereas I say: "What am I to prescribe here? Bank-notes of a thousand pesetas?" All I can do is appear forgetful, and neglect to send in my bill. If I cannot bring health, at least I have no right to take it away.


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58 1895, p. 444. We are indebted to Mrs. Archibald Little for a photograph taken by her in Western China, of a tree 19½ feet round the base, and larger above, which very well shows these excrescences (Plate 23).

In summer the leaves are unmistakable. In winter the long and short shoots should be examined. The long shoot of one year's growth is round, smooth, brownish, and shining, the terminal buds being larger than the scattered lateral buds, which come off at a wide angle. The buds are conical, and composed of several imbricated brown dotted scales. The leaf-scars show 2 small cicatrices, and are fringed above with white pubescence. The short shoots are spurs of varying length, up to an inch or more, stout, ringed, and bearing at their apex a bud surrounded by several double-dotted leaf-scars. In Pseudolarix and the larches, which have somewhat similar spurs, the leaf-scars are much smaller, and show on their surface only one tiny cicatrice. In Taxodium there are no spurs, and the scars which are left where the twigs have fallen off show only one central cicatrice.

The following forms are known in cultivation:—

Var. variegata. Leaves blotched and streaked with pale yellow.

Var. pendula. Branches more or less pendulous.

Var. macrophylla laciniata. Leaves much larger than in the ordinary form, 8 inches or more in width, and divided into 3 to 5 lobes, which are themselves subdivided.

Var. triloba. Scarce worthy of recognition, as the leaves in all Ginkgo trees are exceedingly variable in lobing.

Var. fastigiata. Columnar in shape, the branches being directed almost vertically upwards.

The wild habitat of Ginkgo biloba, the only species now living, is not known for certain. The late Mrs. Bishop, in a letter to the Standard, Aug. 17, 1899, reported that she had observed it growing wild in Japan, in the great forest northward from Lebungd on Volcano Bay in Yezo, and also in the country at the sources of the great Gold and Min rivers in Western China. However, all scientific travellers in Japan and the leading Japanese botanists and foresters deny its being indigenous in any part of Japan; and botanical collectors have not observed it truly wild in China. Consul-General Hosie says it is common in Szechuan, especially in the hills bounding the upper waters of the river Min; but he does not explicitly assert that it is wild there. Its native habitat has yet to be


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60 Fortune mentions that the tree grows to a very large size in the Shanghai district, and in the northern part of the Chekiang province. The Japanese name Ginkgo is their pronunciation of the Chinese yin-kuo, "silver fruit"; but the common name in Japan is i-cho.

The tree was introduced into Europe about 1730, being first planted in the Botanic Garden at Utrecht. Jacquin brought it into the Botanic Garden at Vienna sometime after 1768. It was introduced into England about 1754; and into the Unites States in 1784, by W. Hamilton, who planted it in his garden at Woodlawn, near Philadelphia. It first flowered in Europe at Kew in 1795. Female flowers were first noticed by De Candolle in 1814 on a tree at Bourdigny near Geneva. Scions of this tree were grafted on a male tree in the Botanic Garden of Montpellier; and perfect fruit was produced by it for the first time in Europe in 1835.

Ginkgo is easily raised from seeds, which retain their vitality for some months. Female plants may be obtained by grafting. It is easily transplanted, even when of a large size. Trees of over 40 feet high have been successfully moved. It thrives in deep, well-drained, rich soil. It is useful for planting in towns, as it is free from the attacks of insects and fungi; and the hard leathery leaves resist the smoke of cities. It may also be freely pruned. It is of course best propagated by seed; but layers and cuttings may be employed in certain cases. Falconer (loc. cit.) says that it is not readily propagated by cuttings, and that it took two years to root a cutting in the gardens at Glen Core (U.S.A.). Pyramidal forms can be obtained by careful selection, and the broad-leaved variety by careful grafting. The Ginkgo is well adapted for cultivation in tubs or vases, and may then be trained either as a pyramid or a bush.

The tree has a formal appearance when young, and is not really beautiful till it attains a fair age. The peculiar form of the leaves renders it a striking object. The foliage, just before it falls in autumn, turns a bright yellow colour, which makes it very effective in that season, but only for a few days, as the defoliation is very rapid.

Ginkgo is perfectly hardy in England, and, as a lawn tree, is seen to great advantage. Many trees of considerable size occur in different parts of the country. The best known one is that at Kew, of which a photograph is given (Plate 21). In 1888 it was (measured by Mr. Nicholson) 56 feet in height, with a girth of 9 feet at


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Rabbit and Piglet were sitting outside Pooh’s front door listening to Rabbit, and Pooh was sitting with them. It was a drowsy summer afternoon, and the Forest was full of gentle sounds, which all seemed to be saying to Pooh, “Don’t listen to Rabbit, listen to me.” So he got into a comfortable position for not listening to Rabbit, and from time to time he opened his eyes to say “Ah!” and then closed them again to say “True,” and from time to time Rabbit said, “You see what I mean, Piglet,” very earnestly, and Piglet nodded earnestly to show that he did.

“In fact,” said Rabbit, coming to the end of it at last, “Tigger’s getting so Bouncy nowadays that it’s time we taught him a lesson. Don’t you think so, Piglet?”

Piglet said that Tigger was very Bouncy, and that


text:
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 if they could think of a way of unbouncing him, it would be a Very Good Idea.

“Just what I feel,” said Rabbit. “What do you say, Pooh?”

Pooh opened his eyes with a jerk and said, “Extremely.”

“Extremely what?” asked Rabbit.

“What you were saying,” said Pooh. “Undoubtably.”

Piglet gave Pooh a stiffening sort of nudge, and Pooh, who felt more and more that he was somewhere else, got up slowly and began to look for himself.

“But how shall we do it?” asked Piglet. “What sort of a lesson, Rabbit?”


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 “That’s the point,” said Rabbit.

The word “lesson” came back to Pooh as one he had heard before somewhere.

“There’s a thing called Twy-stymes,” he said. “Christopher Robin tried to teach it to me once, but it didn’t.”

“What didn’t?” said Rabbit.

“Didn’t what?” said Piglet.

Pooh shook his head.

“I don’t know,” he said. “It just didn’t. What are we talking about?”

“Pooh,” said Piglet reproachfully, “haven’t you been listening to what Rabbit was saying?”

“I listened, but I had a small piece of fluff in my ear. Could you say it again, please, Rabbit?”

Rabbit never minded saying things again, so he asked where he should begin from; and when Pooh had said from the moment when the fluff got in his ear, and Rabbit had asked when that was, and Pooh had said he didn’t know because he hadn’t heard properly, Piglet settled it all by saying that what they were trying to do was, they were just trying to think of a way to get the bounces out of Tigger, because however much you liked him, you couldn’t deny it, he did bounce.

“Oh, I see,” said Pooh.

“There’s too much of him,” said Rabbit, “that’s what it comes to.”


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 Pooh tried to think, and all he could think of was something which didn’t help at all. So he hummed it very quietly to himself.

“What was Pooh saying?” asked Rabbit. “Any good?”

“No,” said Pooh sadly. “No good.”

“Well, I’ve got an idea,” said Rabbit, “and here it is. We take Tigger for a long explore, somewhere where he’s never been, and we lose him there, and next morning we find him again, and—mark my words—he’ll be a different Tigger altogether.”

“Why?” said Pooh.

“Because he’ll be a Humble Tigger. Because he’ll be a Sad Tigger, a Melancholy Tigger, a Small and Sorry Tigger, and Oh-Rabbit-I-am-glad-to-see-you Tigger. That’s why.”


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 “Will he be glad to see me and Piglet, too?”

“Of course.”

“That’s good,” said Pooh.

“I should hate him to go on being Sad,” said Piglet doubtfully.

“Tiggers never go on being Sad,” explained Rabbit. “They get over it with Astonishing Rapidity. I asked Owl, just to make sure, and he said that that’s what they always get over it with. But if we can make Tigger feel Small and Sad just for five minutes, we shall have done a good deed.”

“Would Christopher Robin think so?” asked Piglet.

“Yes,” said Rabbit. “He’d say ‘You’ve done a good deed, Piglet. I would have done it myself, only I happened to be doing something else. Thank you, Piglet.’ And Pooh, of course.”

Piglet felt very glad about this, and he saw at once that what they were going to do to Tigger was a good thing to do, and as Pooh and Rabbit were doing it with him, it was a thing which even a Very Small Animal could wake up in the morning and be comfortable about doing. So the only question was, where should they lose Tigger?

“We’ll take him to the North Pole,” said Rabbit, “because it was a very long explore finding it, so it will be a very long explore for Tigger unfinding it again.”


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 charge of Providence, all-wise and amiable. That He guides this world to ends we cannot understand; desirable ends, did we but know them, but incomprehensible; that this life, this whole Universe, is but the starting point for a developing series of immortal lives. And from this you conclude that the part a human being has to play in this scheme is the part of a trustful child, which need only not pester the Higher Powers, which need only do its few simple congenial duties, to be surely preserved and rewarded and carried on."

"There is much in simple faith," said Sir Eliphaz; "sneer though you may."

"But your view is a grimmer one, Dr. Barrack; you say that this Process is utterly beyond knowledge and control. We cannot alter it or appease it. It makes of some of us vessels of honour and of others vessels of dishonour. It has scrawled our race across the black emptiness of space, and it may wipe us out again. Such is the quality of Fate. We can but follow our lights and instincts In the end, in practical matters, your teaching marches with the teaching of Sir Eliphaz. You bow to the thing that is; he gladly and trustfully—with a certain old-world courtesy, you grimly—in the modern style"

For some moments Mr. Huss sat with compressed lips, as though he listened to the pain within him. Then he said: "I don't.

"I don't submit. I rebel—not in my own strength nor by my own impulse. I rebel by the spirit of God in me. I rebel not merely to make weak gestures of defiance against the black disorder and cruelties of


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 space and time, but for mastery. I am a rebel of pride—I am full of the pride of God in my heart. I am the servant of a rebellious and adventurous God who may yet bring order into this cruel and frightful chaos in which we seem to be driven hither and thither like leaves before the wind, a God who, in spite of all appearances, may yet rule over it at last and mould it to his will."

"What a world it will be!" whispered Mr. Farr, unable to restrain himself and yet half-ashamed of his sneer.

"What a world it is, Farr! What a cunning and watchful world! Does it serve even you? So insecure has it become that opportunity may yet turn a frightful face upon you—in the very moment as you snatch

"But you see how I differ from you all. You see that the spirit of my life and of my teaching—of my teaching—for all its weaknesses and slips and failures, is a fight against that Dark Being of the universe who seeks to crush us all. Who broods over me now even as I talk to you It is a fight against disorder, a refusal of that very submission you have made, a repudiation altogether of that same voluntary death in life"

He moistened his lips and resumed.

"The end and substance of all real education is to teach men and women of the Battle of God, to teach them of the beginnings of life upon this lonely little planet amidst the endless stars, and how those beginnings have unfolded; to show them how man has arisen through the long ages from amidst the beasts,


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 and the nature of the struggle God wages through him, and to draw all men together out of themselves into one common life and effort with God. The nature of God's struggle is the essence of our dispute. It is a struggle, with a hope of victory but with no assurance. You have argued, Sir Eliphaz, that it is an unreal struggle, a sham fight, that indeed all things are perfectly adjusted and for our final happiness, and when I have reminded you a little of the unmasked horrors about us, you have shifted your ground of compensation into another—into an incredible—world."

Sir Eliphaz sounded dissent musically. Then he waved his long hand as Mr. Huss paused and regarded him. "But go on!" he said. "Go on!"

"And now I come to you, Dr. Barrack, and your modern fatalism. You hold this universe is uncontrollable—anyhow. And incomprehensible. For good or ill—we can be no more than our strenuous selves. You must, you say, be yourself. I answer, you must lose yourself in something altogether greater—in God There is a curious likeness, Doctor, and a curious difference in your views and mine. I think you see the world very much as I see it, but you see it coldly like a man before sunrise, and I"

He paused. "There is a light upon it," he asserted with a noticeable flatness in his voice. "There is a light light"

He became silent. For a while it seemed as if the light he spoke of had gone from him and as if the shadow had engulfed him. When he spoke again it was with an evident effort.


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Page:Mexico in revolution (IA mexicoinrevoluti00blas).pdf/19

 AM just back from Mexico, where I spent a month and a half. In this brief period of time I made the acquaintance of a Government that looked strong and seemed destined to reach the end of its constitutional days peacefully; I witnessed the outbreak of a revolution that in its early stages led a languid life; I saw the decisive triumph of this revolution, brought about by the unexpected assistance of political elements that had seemed out of sympathy with it; and I observed, finally, the flight of President Carranza, the present uncertainty regarding the probably future of the new Government in process of formation.

After all, there is nothing extraordinary in this vertiginous movement of events. Of all things Mexican, revolutions move with the greatest velocity.


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 any other matter which the President, or, as the case may be, the Governor *** of the State, may refer to them:

Provided that the President as respects the all-India services and also as respects other services and posts in connection with the affairs of the Union, and the Governor ***, as respects other services and posts in connection with the affairs of a State, may make regulations specifying the matters in which either generally, or in any particular class of case or in any particular circumstances, it shall not be necessary for a Public Service Commission to be consulted.

(4) Nothing in clause (3) shall require a Public Service Commission to be consulted as respects the manner in which any provision referred to in clause (4) of article 16 may be made or as respects the manner in which effect may be given to the provisions of article 335.

(5) All regulations made under the proviso to clause (3) by the President or the Governor *** of a State shall be laid for not less than fourteen days before each House of Parliament or the House or each House of the Legislature of the State, as the case may be, as soon as possible after they are made, and shall be subject to such modifications, whether by way of repeal or amendment, as both Houses of Parliament or the House or both Houses of the Legislature of the State may make during the session in which they are so laid.

321. Power to extend functions of Public Service Commissions.—An Act made by Parliament or, as the case may be, the Legislature of a State may provide for the exercise of additional functions by the Union Public Service Commission or the State Public Service Commission as respects the services of the Union or the State and also as respects the services of any local authority or other body corporate constituted by law or of any public institution.

322. Expenses of Public Service Commissions.—The expenses of the Union or a State Public Service Commission, including any salaries, allowances and pensions payable to or in respect of the members or staff of the Commission, shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India or, as the case may be, the Consolidated Fund of the State.

323. Reports of Public Service Commissions.—(1) It shall be the duty of the Union Commission to present annually to the President a report as to the work done by the Commission and on receipt of such report the President shall cause a copy thereof together with a memorandum explaining, as respects the cases, if any, where the advice of the Commission was not accepted, the reasons for such non-acceptance to be laid before each House of Parliament.

(2) It shall be the duty of a State Commission to present annually to the Governor *** of the State a report as to the work done by the Commission, and it shall be the duty of a Joint Commission to present annually to the Governor *** of each of the States the needs of which are served by the Joint Commission a report as to the work done by the Commission in relation to that State, and in either case the Governor ***, shall, on receipt of such report, cause a copy thereof together with a memorandum explaining, as respects the cases, if any, where the advice of the Commission was not accepted, the reasons for such nonacceptance to be laid before the Legislature of the State.

'''323A. Administrative tribunals.'''—(1) Parliament may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by administrative tribunals of disputes and complaints with respect to recruitment and conditions of service of


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 doing so. My father was correcting exercises. The books were arranged in two piles in front of him—those he had already finished with, and those he had not yet touched. Behind him was the wall, with its cheap, ugly, flowered paper, and illuminated texts. I glanced at him from time to time over the top of my book. There was perpetual dinginess in his appearance; his linen was not often scrupulously clean, and his nails never were. Just now I wanted to ask him to stop snuffing. How could I read while he kept on making such disgusting noises! He had a peculiar way of breathing through his nose so as to produce a sort of whistling sound, which I could never get accustomed to. Often I had gone upstairs and sat in an ice-cold bedroom merely to be rid of it.

Suddenly he looked up over his spectacles and addressed me across the table. "I intended to ask you about that book you have brought home. Who gave it to you?"

I at once assumed an air of elaborate nonchalance. "Nobody gave it to me. I found it in the book-case."

"What are you reading in it?"

"'Venus and Adonis.'"

"I don't like the books you have been reading lately."

"But this is Shakespeare!" I exclaimed, feigning tremendous astonishment.

"I don't care who it is. Why can't you read what other boys read?"

"I thought he was supposed to be the greatest poet in the world!"

"You know very well what I mean. If you do read him, why don't you read the plays—'Julius Cæsar?'"

"I'd rather have poems than plays. What is the harm in this?"

"The harm is that it is not suited to your age. it is full of all kinds of voluptuous images and thoughts. You have been too much at Derryaghy lately."


text:
User talk:Education for All Thai People

Welcome
Welcome

Hello, Education for All Thai People, and welcome to Wikisource! Thank you for joining the project. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here are a few good links for newcomers:
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I hope you enjoy contributing to Wikisource, the library that is free for everyone to use! In discussions, please "sign" your comments using four tildes ( ~ ); this will automatically produce your username if you're logged in (or IP address if you are not) and the date. If you need help, ask me on my talk page, or ask your question here (click  [//en.wikisource.org/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Education_for_All_Thai_People&action=edit&section=new edit] ) and place  before your question.

Again, welcome! —Justin ( koavf ) ❤T☮C☺M☯ 12:26, 17 January 2024 (UTC)

User talk:Billinghurst help me
Author talk:Sukavich Rangsitpol Education for All Thai People (talk) 13:57, 17 January 2024 (UTC)

title: User talk:Education for All Thai People


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Page:Constitution of India (9 Sep 2020).pdf/134

 persons appointed to public services and posts in connection with the affairs of the Union or of any State or of any local or other authority within the territory of India or under the control of the Government of India or of any corporation owned or controlled by the Government.

(2) A law made under clause (1) may—
 * (a) provide for the establishment of an administrative tribunal for the Union and a separate administrative tribunal for each State or for two or more States;
 * (b) specify the jurisdiction, powers (including the power to punish for contempt) and authority which may be exercised by each of the said tribunals;
 * (c) provide for the procedure (including provisions as to limitation and rules of evidence) to be followed by the said tribunals;
 * (d) exclude the jurisdiction of all courts, except the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under article 136, with respect to the disputes or complaints referred to in clause (1);
 * (e) provide for the transfer to each such administrative tribunal of any cases pending before any court or other authority immediately before the establishment of such tribunal as would have been within the jurisdiction of such tribunal if the causes of action on which such suits or proceedings are based had arisen after such establishment;
 * (f) repeal or amend any order made by the President under clause (3) of article 371D;
 * (g) contain such supplemental, incidental and consequential provisions (including provisions as to fees) as Parliament may deem necessary for the effective functioning of, and for the speedy disposal of cases by, and the enforcement of the orders of, such tribunals.

(3) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding anything in any other provision of this Constitution or in any other law for the time being in force.

'''323B. Tribunals for other matters.'''—(1) The appropriate Legislature may, by law, provide for the adjudication or trial by tribunals of any disputes, complaints, or offences with respect to all or any of the matters specified in clause (2) with respect to which such Legislature has power to make laws.

(2) The matters referred to in clause (1) are the following, namely:—
 * (a) levy, assessment, collection and enforcement of any tax;
 * (b) foreign exchange, import and export across customs frontiers;
 * (c) industrial and labour disputes;
 * (d) land reforms by way of acquisition by the State of any estate as defined in article 31A or of any rights therein or the extinguishment or modification of any such rights or by way of ceiling on agricultural land or in any other way;
 * (e) ceiling on urban property;
 * (f) elections to either House of Parliament or the House or either House of the Legislature of a State, but excluding the matters referred to in article 329 and article 329A;
 * (g) production, procurement, supply and distribution of food-stuffs (including edible oilseeds and oils) and such other goods as the President may, by public notification, declare to be essential goods for the purpose of this article and control of prices of such goods;
 * [(h) rent, its regulation and control and tenancy issues including the right, title and interest of landlords and tenants;]


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Page:Kalevala (Kirby 1907) v1.djvu/231

Runo XIX]

the smith, e’en Ilmarinen,

He the great primeval craftsman,

Came himself into the chamber,

And beneath the roof he hastened.

Brought the maid of mead a beaker,

Placed a can of drink of honey

In the hands of Ilmarinen,

And the smith spoke out as follows:

“Never while my life is left me,

Long as shines the golden moonlight,

Will I taste the drink before me,

Till my own is granted to me,

She for whom so long I waited,

She for whom so long I pined for.”

Then said Pohjola’s old Mistress,

In the very words which follow:

“Trouble great befalls the suitor,

Comes to her for whom he waiteth;

One shoe still remains unfitted,

And unfitted is the other;

But the bride is waiting for you,

And you may indeed receive her,

If you plough the field of vipers,

Where the writhing snakes are swarming,

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Page:Constitution of India (9 Sep 2020).pdf/135

 : [(i)] offences against laws with respect to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to [(h)] and fees in respect of any of those matters;
 * [(j)] any matter incidental to any of the matters specified in sub-clauses (a) to [(i)].

(3) A law made under clause (1) may—
 * (a) provide for the establishment of a hierarchy of tribunals;
 * (b) specify the jurisdiction, powers (including the power to punish for contempt) and authority which may be exercised by each of the said tribunals;
 * (c) provide for the procedure (including provisions as to limitation and rules of evidence) to be followed by the said tribunals;
 * (d) exclude the jurisdiction of all courts, except the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under article 136, with respect to all or any of the matters falling within the jurisdiction of the said tribunals;
 * (e) provide for the transfer to each such tribunal of any cases pending before any court or any other authority immediately before the establishment of such tribunal as would have been within the jurisdiction of such tribunal if the causes of action on which such suits or proceedings are based had arisen after such establishment;
 * (f) contain such supplemental, incidental and consequential provisions (including provisions as to fees) as the appropriate Legislature may deem necessary for the effective functioning of, and for the speedy disposal of cases by, and the enforcement of the orders of, such tribunals.

(4) The provisions of this article shall have effect notwithstanding anything in any other provision of this Constitution or in any other law for the time being in force.

Explanation.—In this article, “appropriate Legislature”, in relation to any matter, means Parliament or, as the case may be, a State Legislature competent to make laws with respect to such matter in accordance with the provisions of Part XI.]

324. Superintendence, direction and control of elections to be vested in an Election Commission.—(1) The superintendence, direction and control of the preparation of the electoral rolls for, and the conduct of, all elections to Parliament and to the Legislature of every State and of elections to the offices of President and Vice-President held under this Constitution *** shall be vested in a Commission (referred to in this Constitution as the Election Commission).

(2) The Election Commission shall consist of the Chief Election Commissioner and such number of other Election Commissioners, if any, as the President may from time to time fix and the appointment of the Chief Election Commissioner and other Election Commissioners shall, subject to the provisions of any law made in that behalf by Parliament, be made by the President.

(3) When any other Election Commissioner is so appointed the Chief Election Commissioner shall act as the Chairman of the Election Commission.

(4) Before each general election to the House of the People and to the Legislative Assembly of each State, and before the first general election and thereafter before each biennial election to the Legislative Council of each State having such Council, the President may also appoint after consultation with the


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212

But without a plough employing,

And without a ploughshare guiding.

Once the field was ploughed by Hiisi,

Lempo seamed it next with furrows,

With the ploughshare formed of copper,

With the plough in furnace smelted;

But my own son, most unhappy,

Left the half untilled behind him.”

Then the smith, e’en Ilmarinen,

Sought the maiden in her chamber,

And he spoke the words which follow:

“Night’s own daughter, twilight maiden,

Do you not the time remember,

When I forged the Sampo for you,

And the brilliant cover welded,

And a binding oath thou sweared’st,

By the God whom all men worship,

’Fore the face of Him Almighty,

And you gave a certain promise

Unto me, the mighty hero,

You would be my friend for ever,

Dove-like in my arms to nestle?

Nothing will your mother grant me,

Nor will she her daughter give me,

Till I plough the field of vipers,

Where the writhing snakes are swarming.”

Then his bride assistance lent him,

And advice the maiden gave him:

“O thou smith, O Ilmarinen,

Thou the great primeval craftsman!

Forge thyself a plough all golden,

Cunningly bedecked with silver,

Then go plough the field of serpents,

Where the writhing snakes are swarming.”

Then the smith, e’en Ilmarinen,

Laid the gold upon the anvil,

Worked the bellows on the silver,

And he forged the plough he needed,

And he forged him shoes of iron;

Greaves of steel he next constructed,

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 Election Commission such Regional Commissioners as he may consider necessary to assist the Election Commission in the performance of the functions conferred on the Commission by clause (1).

(5) Subject to the provisions of any law made by Parliament, the conditions of service and tenure of office of the Election Commissioners and the Regional Commissioners shall be such as the President may by rule determine:

Provided that the Chief Election Commissioner shall not be removed from his office except in like manner and on the like grounds as a Judge of the Supreme Court and the conditions of service of the Chief Election Commissioner shall not be varied to his disadvantage after his appointment:

Provided further that any other Election Commissioner or a Regional Commissioner shall not be removed from office except on the recommendation of the Chief Election Commissioner.

(6) The President, or the Governor *** of a State, shall, when so requested by the Election Commission, make available to the Election Commission or to a Regional Commissioner such staff as may be necessary for the discharge of the functions conferred on the Election Commission by clause (1).

325. No person to be ineligible for inclusion in, or to claim to be included in a special, electoral roll on grounds of religion, race, caste or sex.—There shall be one general electoral roll for every territorial constituency for election to either House of Parliament or to the House or either House of the Legislature of a State and no person shall be ineligible for inclusion in any such roll or claim to be included in any special electoral roll for any such constituency on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex or any of them.

326. Elections to the House of the People and to the Legislative Assemblies of States to be on the basis of adult suffrage.—The elections to the House of the People and to the Legislative Assembly of every State shall be on the basis of adult suffrage; that is to say, every person who is a citizen of India and who is not less than [eighteen years] of age on such date as may be fixed in that behalf by or under any law made by the appropriate Legislature and is not otherwise disqualified under this Constitution or any law made by the appropriate Legislature on the ground of non-residence, unsoundness of mind, crime or corrupt or illegal practice, shall be entitled to be registered as a voter at any such election.

327. Power of Parliament to make provision with respect to elections to Legislatures.—Subject to the provisions of this Constitution, Parliament may from time to time by law make provision with respect to all matters relating to, or in connection with, elections to either House of Parliament or to the House or either House of the Legislature of a State including the preparation of electoral rolls, the delimitation of constituencies and all other matters necessary for securing the due constitution of such House or Houses.

328. Power of Legislature of a State to make provision with respect to elections to such Legislature.—Subject to the provisions of this Constitution and in so far as provision in that behalf is not made by Parliament, the Legislature of a State may from time to time by law make provision with respect to all matters relating to, or in connection with, the elections to the House or either House of the Legislature of the State including the preparation of electoral rolls and all other matters necessary for securing the due constitution of such House or Houses.

329. Bar to interference by courts in electoral matters.— [Notwithstanding anything in this Constitution ***—]
 * (a) the validity of any law relating to the delimitation of constituencies or the allotment of seats to such constituencies, made or purporting to be made under article 327 or article 328, shall not be called in question in any court;


text:
Page:Kalevala (Kirby 1907) v1.djvu/233

Runo XIX]

And with these his feet he covered,

Those upon his shins he fastened;

And he donned an iron mail-coat,

With a belt of steel he girt him,

Took a pair of iron gauntlets,

Gauntlets like to stone for hardness;

Then he chose a horse of mettle,

And he yoked the steed so noble,

And he went to plough the acre,

And the open field to furrow.

There he saw the heads all rearing,

Saw the heads that hissed unceasing,

And he spoke the words which follow:

“O thou snake, whom God created,

You who lift your head so proudly,

Who is friendly and will hearken,

Rearing up your head so proudly,

And your neck so proudly lifting;

From my path at once remove you,

Creep, thou wretch, among the stubble,

Creeping down among the bushes,

Or where greenest grass is growing!

If you lift your head from out it,

Ukko then your head shall shatter,

With his sharp and steel-tipped arrows,

With a mighty hail of iron.”

Then he ploughed the field of vipers,

Furrowed all the land of serpents,

From the furrows raised the vipers,

Drove the serpents all before him,

And he said, returning homeward:

“I have ploughed the field of vipers,

Furrowed all the land of serpents,

Driven before me all the serpents:

Will you give me now your daughter,

And unite me with my darling?”

Then did Pohjola’s old Mistress,

Answer in the words which follow:

“I will only give the maiden,

And unite you with my daughter,

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214

If you catch the Bear of Tuoni,

Bridle, too, the Wolf of Mana,

Far in Tuonela’s great forest,

In the distant realms of Mana.

Hundreds have gone forth to yoke them;

Never one returned in safety.”

Then the smith, e’en Ilmarinen,

Sought the maiden in her chamber,

And he spoke the words which follow:

“Now the task is laid upon me,

Manala’s fierce wolves to bridle,

And to hunt the bears of Tuoni,

Far in Tuonela’s great forest,

In the distant realms of Mana.”

Then his bride assistance lent him,

And advice the maiden gave him.

“O thou smith, O Ilmarinen,

Thou the great primeval craftsman!

Forge thee bits, of steel the hardest,

Forge thee muzzles wrought of iron.

Sitting on a rock in water,

Where the cataracts fall all foaming.

Hunt thou then the Bears of Tuoni,

And the Wolves of Mana bridle.”

Then the smith, e’en Ilmarinen,

He the great primeval craftsman,

Forged him bits, of steel the hardest,

Forged him muzzles wrought of iron,

Sitting on a rock in water,

Where the cataracts fall all foaming.

Then he went the beasts to fetter,

And he spoke the words which follow:

“Terhenetär, Cloudland’s daughter!

With the cloud-sieve sift thou quickly,

And disperse thy mists around me,

Where the beasts I seek are lurking,

That they may not hear me moving,

That they may not flee before me.”

Then the Wolf’s great jaws he muzzled,

And with iron the Bear he fettered,

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text:
Page:Kalevala (Kirby 1907) v1.djvu/235

Runo XIX]

On the barren heaths of Tuoni,

In the blue depths of the forest.

And he said, returning homeward:

“Give me now your daughter, old one.

Here I bring the Bear of Tuoni,

And the Wolf of Mana muzzled.”

Then did Pohjola’s old Mistress

Answer in the words which follow:

“I will give you first the duckling,

And the blue-winged duck will give you,

When the pike, so huge and scaly,

He the fish so plump and floundering,

You shall bring from Tuoni’s river,

And from Manala’s abysses;

But without a net to lift it,

Using not a hand to grasp it.

Hundreds have gone forth to seek it,

Never one returned in safety.”

Then there came distress upon him,

And affliction overwhelmed him,

As he sought the maiden’s chamber,

And he spoke the words which follow:

“Now a task is laid upon me,

Greater still than all the former;

For the pike, so huge and scaly,

He the fish so plump and floundering,

I must bring from Tuoni’s river,

From the eternal stream of Mana,

But with neither snare nor drag-net,

Nor with help of other tackle.”

Then his bride assistance lent him,

And advice the maiden gave him.

“O thou smith, O Ilmarinen,

Do thou not be so despondent!

Forge thee now a fiery eagle,

Forge a bird of fire all flaming!

This the mighty pike shall capture,

Drag the fish so plump and floundering,

From the murky stream of Tuoni,

And from Manala’s abysses.”

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Page:Kalevala (Kirby 1907) v1.djvu/236

216

Then the smith, e’en Ilmarinen,

Deathless artist of the smithy,

Forged himself a fiery eagle,

Forged a bird of fire all flaming,

And of iron he forged the talons,

Forged the claws of steel the hardest,

Wings like sides of boat constructed;

Then upon the wings he mounted,

On the eagle’s back he sat him,

On the wing-bones of the eagle.

Then he spoke unto the eagle,

And the mighty bird instructed:

“O my eagle, bird I fashioned,

Fly thou forth, where I shall order,

To the turbid stream of Tuoni,

And to Manala’s abysses:

Seize the pike, so huge and scaly,

He the fish so plump and floundering.”

Then the bird, that noble eagle,

Took his flight, and upward soaring,

Forth he flew the pike to capture,

Fish with teeth of size terrific,

In the river-depths of Tuoni,

Down in Manala’s abysses:

To the water stretched a pinion,

And the other touched the heavens;

In the sea he dipped his talons,

On the cliffs his beak he whetted.

Thus the smith, e’en Ilmarinen,

Journeyed forth to seek his booty

In the depths of Tuoni’s river,

While the eagle watched beside him.

From the water rose a kelpie

And it clutched at Ilmarinen,

By the neck the eagle seized it,

And the kelpie’s head he twisted.

To the bottom down he forced it.

To the black mud at the bottom.

Then came forth the pike of Tuoni,

And the water-dog came onward.

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text:
Page:The Adventures of Maya the Bee (1922).djvu/19

Rh threatened to overwhelm her. The general excitement got into her blood, and she set up a fine, distinct buzzing.

"What do you mean by that?" said Cassandra. "Isn't there noise enough as it is?"

Maya subsided at once, and looked at Cassandra questioningly.

"Come here, child, we'll see if we cannot quiet down a bit." Cassandra took Maya by her gleaming wings, which were still soft and new and marvelously transparent, and shoved her into an almost deserted corner beside a few honeycombs filled with honey.

Maya stood still and held on to one of the cells.

"It smells delicious here," she observed.

Her remark seemed to fluster the old lady again.

"You must learn to wait, child," she replied. "I have brought up several hundred young bees this spring and given them lessons for their first flight, but I haven't come across another one that was as pert and forward as you are. You seem to be an exceptional nature."


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Page:Kalevala (Kirby 1907) v1.djvu/237

Runo XIX]

Not a small pike of the smallest,

Nor a large pike of the largest;

Long his tongue as twain of axe-shafts,

Long his teeth as rake-shaft measures,

Wide his gorge as three great rivers,

Seven boats’ length his back extended,

And the smith he sought to seize on,

And to swallow Ilmarinen.

But the eagle rushed against him,

And the bird of air attacked him;

Not an eagle of the small ones,

Nor an eagle of the large ones.

Long his beak as hundred fathoms,

Wide his gorge as six great rivers,

Six spears’ length his tongue extended,

Five scythes’ length his talons measured

And he saw the pike so scaly,

Saw the fish so plump and floundering.

Fiercely on the fish he darted,

Rushed against the fish so scaly.

Then the pike so large and scaly,

He the fish so plump and floundering,

Tried to drag the eagle’s pinions

Underneath the sparkling waters,

But the eagle swift ascended,

Up into the air he raised him,

From the grimy ooze he raised him,

To the sparkling water o’er it.

Back and forth the eagle hovered,

And again he made an effort,

And he struck one talon fiercely

In the pike’s terrific shoulders,

In the water-dog’s great backbone,

And he fixed the other talon

Firmly in the steel-hard mountain,

In the rocks as hard as iron.

From the stone slipped off the talon,

Slipped from off the rocky mountain,

And the pike again dived downward,

In the water slid the monster,

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Page:Kalevala (Kirby 1907) v1.djvu/238

218

Slipped from off the eagle’s talons,

From the great bird’s claws terrific,

But his sides were scored most deeply,

And his shoulders cleft asunder.

Once again, with iron talons,

Swooped again the furious eagle,

With his wings all fiery glowing,

And his eyes like flame that sparkled,

Seized the pike with mighty talons,

Grasped the water-dog securely,

Dragged the huge and scaly monster,

Raised him from the tossing water,

From the depths beneath the billows,

To the water’s sparkling surface.

Then the bird with claws of iron

Made a third and final effort,

Brought the mighty pike of Tuoni,

He the fish so plump and floundering,

From the river dark of Tuoni,

And from Manala’s abysses.

Scarce like water flowed the water

From the great pike’s scales stupendous;

Nor like air the air extended

When the great bird flapped his pinions.

Thus the iron-taloned eagle

Bore the pike so huge and scaly,

To the branches of an oak-tree,

To a pine-tree’s crown, wide spreading.

There he feasted on the booty,

Open ripped the fish’s belly,

Tore away the fish’s breastbone,

And the head and neck he sundered.

Said the smith, said Ilmarinen,

“O thou wicked, wicked eagle,

What a faithless bird I find you,

You have seized upon the quarry,

And have feasted on the booty,

Open ripped the fish’s belly,

Torn away the fish’s breastbone,

And the head and neck have sundered.”

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text:
Page:Martin Faber - the story of a criminal (IA martinfaber00simmrich).pdf/25

Rh pains of labour. Her life was saved with difficulty, and, seemingly by miraculous interposition, the life of her infant was also preserved. But he was the creature of the deepest sensibility. His nervous organization was peculiarly susceptible. He was affected by circumstances the most trifling and casual—trembled and shrunk from every unwonted breeze—withered beneath reproach, and pined under neglect. So marked a character, presenting too, as it did, a contrast, so strikingly with my own, attracted my attention, at an early period of our school association. His dependence, his weakness, his terrors—all made him an object of consideration which no other character would have provoked. I loved him—strange to say—and with a feeling of singular power. I fought his battles—I never permitted him to


text: Page:Martin Faber - the story of a criminal (IA martinfaber00simmrich).pdf/202


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Page:Kalevala (Kirby 1907) v1.djvu/239

Runo XIX]

But the iron-taloned eagle

Rose and soared away in fury,

High aloft in air he raised him,

To the borders of the cloudland.

Fled the clouds, the heavens were thundering,

And the props of air bowed downward:

Ukko’s bow in twain was broken,

In the moon the horns sharp-pointed.

Then the smith, e’en Ilmarinen,

Took the pike’s head, which he carried,

To the old crone as a present,

And he spoke the words which follow:

“Make of this a chair for ever,

In the halls of lofty Pohja.”

Then he spoke the words which follow,

And in words like these expressed him:

“I have ploughed the field of serpents,

Furrowed all the land of serpents;

Bridled, too, the wolves of Mana,

And have chained the bears of Tuoni;

Brought the pike so huge and scaly,

He the fish so plump and floundering,

From the river deep of Tuoni,

And from Manala’s abysses.

Will you give me now the maiden,

And bestow your daughter on me?”

Then said Pohjola’s old Mistress,

“Badly have you done your errand,

Thus the head in twain to sever,

Open rip the fish’s belly,

Tear away the fish’s breastbone,

Feasting thus upon the booty.”

Then the smith, e’en Ilmarinen,

Answered in the words that follow:

“Never can you bring, undamaged,

Quarry from the best of regions.

This is brought from Tuoni’s river,

And from Manala’s abysses.

Is not yet the maiden ready,

She for whom I longed and laboured?”

title: Page:Kalevala (Kirby 1907) v1.djvu/239


text: Page:The Industrial System, An Inquiry Into Earned and Unearned Income.djvu/4


text:
Page:More Tales from Tolstoi.djvu/70

More Tales from Tolstoi selfsame clumsy hat and back, covered with snow; there, too, was the selfsame low shaft-bow, beneath which, between the tightly drawn leather reins, and always the same distance off, the head of the brown horse with the black mane deliberately bending in the direction of the wind, moved slowly up and down. Behind its back one could also see, to the right, the bay side-horse, with its tail tied up into a bunch, occasionally bumping against the front board of the sledge. Look down—and there was the selfsame snow thumping against the sides of the sledge, which the wind stubbornly lifted and carried off in one direction. In front, always at the same distance, the leading troika ran steadily along; on the right and on the left everything was white and twinkling. In vain the eye sought for some new object: not a post, not a rick, not a fence—nothing at all was visible. Everywhere everything was white, white and mobile; sometimes the horizon seemed incomprehensibly far off, sometimes compressed within two paces distance in every direction. Sometimes a high white wall would grow up suddenly on the right and run alongside the sledge, then it would as suddenly disappear and grow up in front only to run further and further off and again disappear. If you looked up it would appear quite light the first instant, and you would seem to see little stars through the mist; but the little stars vanished from your view ever higher and higher, and all you saw was the snow, which fell past your eyes on to your face and into the collar of your furs; the sky was identically bright everywhere, identically

title: Page:More Tales from Tolstoi.djvu/70


text:
Page:Vegetables and their Cultivation.djvu/33

Rh clay into finer parts, and make them less cohesive, while the exposure of the rough clods to frost and air will cause them to divide into still finer particles. Early in the year a dressing of fresh lime, at the rate of half a hundredweight per square rod, will get rid of the adhesiveness, disintegrate the mould, prevent puddling on the surface, sweeten the soil, promote nitrification, and the liberation of potash. Thus, in a few years, it will be possible to make a clay soil workable and fertile.

Points to remember in the case of clay soils are:—

1. Deep working, to drain the surface water into the sub-soil, and render the upper stratum drier and warmer.

2. To manure heavily in autumn, to open the pores of the soil, and add humus to the latter.

3. To dig in autumn and leave rough all the winter.

4. To avoid working on the land in wet weather.

5. To add lime occasionally.

Loamy Soils.—Loam is the best of all soils, whether it be a heavy and clayey loam, or a sandy loam. Such soils are very fertile, easy to manage, and well adapted for the growth of vegetable crops. Those of the heaviest type require liberal manuring in autumn, deep digging, leaving rough all winter, and an occasional liming as advised above early in the year. Those of a lighter nature may, or may not, be dug and manured in autumn. Loams overlying chalk may often be improved by a light dressing of lime. Although there may be abundance of lime below, there is frequently little in the surface soil, owing to the fact that lime quickly sinks. The best manure for loamy soils is fresh stable or mixed farmyard dung; for light soils the manure should be used in a decayed condition.

Sandy Soils.—These are difficult to manage in dry seasons, owing to the fact that they quickly lose their moisture. Science and practice have shown, however, that if such soils are occasionally limed, the lime will cement the sandy particles together and arrest the depletion of moisture. Furthermore, by the free use of cool and moisture-retaining cow and pig manures, applied late in winter or early in spring, and not in autumn or early winter, sandy soils may be made


text:
Page:More Tales from Tolstoi.djvu/71

Rh white, colourless, uniform, and constantly mobile. The wind seemed to be perpetually shifting. Now it blew right against you and blinded your eyes, now it blew teasingly sideways and flung the collar of your fur coat over your head and mockingly flapped it in your face, now it would howl from behind through some unprotected crevice. Audible throughout was the faint, miserable crunching of hoofs and sledge-boards over the snow and the expiring tinkle of the little bells when we passed over deep snow. Only very rarely, when we drove against the wind, and over naked, frozen, stony ground, did the energetic whistling of Ignaty and the thrilling sound of the little bell with the resonant, droning quinte come flying, plainly audible, towards us, and then these sounds would immediately and pleasantly disturb the melancholy character of the wilderness, subsequently falling into a monotonous melody persisting with intolerable fidelity always on one and the same motif, which I involuntarily imagined to myself as I listened to them. One of my feet presently began to grow numb, and when I turned about a bit in order the better to shelter it, the snow which had accumulated on my collar and hat plunged down my neck and made me shiver; but, on the whole, I was still warm enough in my well-warmed furs, and a feeling of drowsiness came over me.

Recollections and ideas alternated with the most strenuous rapidity in my imagination.

title: Page:More Tales from Tolstoi.djvu/71


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Page:The Pima Indians.pdf/203

198 score of writers have testified, leading to the belief that. moral standards in Pimería at least equaled if they did not resemble our own. Life and property were secure. By their industry they had mastered the difficulties of their environment. The relations of the sexes and the division of labor had been adjusted in a manner creditable to them.

The law of vengeance operated to prevent homicide. "Speak not foolishly," said the elders; "do not quarrel and kill your neighbor, for that leads to retaliation." Thus the youth were instructed and the abhorrence of bloodshed grew deep and lasting. Within the tribe there was but one exception to this—to kill the convicted sorcerer was meritorious.

No odium attached to the crime of suicide. The body was buried in the usual manner and the property was similarly divided or destroyed. Several instances of self-destruction were ascertained. A blind old man had shot himself and a young man had ended his career because his father would not let him sell some piece of personal property. Another man had shot himself because hie wife had deserted him and their family of small children. A woman had starved herself and baby in the hills of the desert because her husband had left her.

The crime of arson was unknown, though dwellings were frequently burned by accident.

Adultery was punished by turning the woman away from the home. Sometimes the husband shot the horse of the offending man and "then he felt all right."

Prostitution with its train of diseases has not depleted the numbers of the Pimas as it has the population of so many surrounding tribes. Loose women are said by the old people to have been rare in the old days. Independent testimony of the whites accords with this. "They are exceedingly jealous of their females; and their chastity, as far as outside barbarians are concerned, remains, with a few exceptions, unimpeachable." One informant assured the writer's party that the infant daughter of a prostitute by an unknown father was always destroyed lest she "grow up to be as bad as her mother."

title: Page:The Pima Indians.pdf/203


text:
Page:Martin Faber - the story of a criminal (IA martinfaber00simmrich).pdf/26

16 be imposed upon:—and he—could he do less?—he assisted me in my lessons, he worked my sums, he helped my understanding in its deficiencies, and he reproved my improprieties—and I—I bored with and submitted patiently on most occasions to his reproofs. William Harding was a genius, and one of the first order; but his nervous susceptibilities left him perfectly hopeless and helpless. Collision with the world of man would have destroyed him; and, as it was, the excess of the imaginative quality which seemed to keep even pace with his sensibilities, left him continually struggling—and as continually to the injury and overthrow of the latter—with the calm suggestions of his judgment. He was a creature to be loved and pitied; and without entertaining, at this period, a single sentiment savoring of either of these,


text:
Page:Hudibras - Volume 2 (Butler, Nash, Bohn; 1859).djvu/283

RV 421 (CANTO III.])


text:
Page:Thomas Patrick Hughes - Notes on Muhammadanism - 2ed. (1877).djvu/37

16 or One terrible in power; and in the Traditions the agent of inspiration is generally spoken of as "an angel" (malak). It is, therefore, not quite certain through what agency Muhammad believed himself to be inspired of God.

According to Ayeshah, one of the Prophet's wives, the revelation was first communicated in dreams. Ayeshah relates :—"The first revelations which the Prophet received were in true dreams; and he never dreamt but it came to pass as regularly as the dawn of day. After this the Prophet was fond of retirement, and used to seclude himself in a cave in mount Híráa and worship there day and night. He would, whenever he wished, return to his family at Mecca, and then go back again, taking with him the necessaries of life. Thus he continued to return to Khadíjah from time to time, until one day the revelation came down to him, and the angel (malak) came


text:
Page:Thomas Patrick Hughes - Notes on Muhammadanism - 2ed. (1877).djvu/38

 Rh to him and said, 'Read' (iqaráa); but the Prophet said, 'I am not a reader.' And the Prophet related, that he (i. e. the angel) took hold of me and squeezed me as much as I could bear, and he then let me go and said again, 'Read!' And I said, 'I am not a reader.' Then he took hold of me a second time, and squeezed me as much as I could bear, and then let me go, and said 'Read!' And I said, 'I am not a reader.' Then he took hold of me a third time and squeezed me as much as I could bear, and said:—

Read! in the name of thy Lord who created;

Created man from a clot of blood in the womb.

Read! for thy Lord is the most beneficent,

He hath taught men the use of the pen;

He hath taught man that which he knoweth not.'

"Then the Prophet repeated the words himself, and with his heart trembling he returned (i.e. from Hiráa to Mecca) to Khadíjah, and


text:
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220

Then did Pohjola’s old Mistress

Answer in the words which follow:

“Yes, the maiden now is ready,

She for whom you longed and laboured.

I will give my tender duckling,

And prepare the duck I cherished,

For the smith, for Ilmarinen,

At his side to sit for ever,

On his knee as wife to seat her,

Dove-like in his arms to nestle.”

On the floor a child was sitting,

On the floor a child was singing:

“To our room there came already,

Came a bird into our castle;

From the north-east flew an eagle,

Through the sky a hawk came flying,

In the air one wing was flapping,

On the sea the other rested,

With his tail he swept the ocean,

And to heaven his head he lifted;

And he gazed around, and turned him,

Back and forth the eagle hovered,

Perched upon the heroes’ castle,

And his beak he whetted on it,

But the roof was formed of iron,

And he could not pierce within it.

“So he gazed around and turned him,

Back and forth the eagle hovered,

Perched upon the women’s castle,

And his beak he whetted on it,

But the roof was formed of copper,

And he could not pierce within it.

“So he gazed around and turned him,

Back and forth the eagle hovered,

Perched upon the maidens’ castle,

And his beak he whetted on it,

And the roof was formed of linen,

And he forced his way within it.

“Then he perched upon the chimney,

Then upon the floor descended,

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Page:Thomas Patrick Hughes - Notes on Muhammadanism - 2ed. (1877).djvu/39

 18 said, 'Wrap me up, wrap me up.' And they wrapped him up in a garment, till his fear was dispelled, and he told Khadíjah what had passed, and he said: 'Verily, I was afraid I should have died.' Then Khadíjah said, 'No, it will not be so. I swear by God, He will never make you melancholy or sad. For verily you are kind to your relatives, you speak the truth, you are faithful in trust, you bear the afflictions of the people, you spend in good works what you gain in trade, you are hospitable, and you assist your fellow men.' After this, Khadíjah took the Prophet to Waraga, who was the son of her uncle, and she said to him, 'O son of my uncle! hear what your brother's son says.' Then Waraqa said to the Prophet, 'O son of my brother! what do you see?' Then the Prophet told Waraga what he saw, and Waraga said, 'That is the Námús which God sent to Moses.' Ayeshah also relates


text:
Page:Constitution of India (9 Sep 2020).pdf/137

 :(b) no election to either House of Parliament or to the House or either House of the Legislature of a State shall be called in question except by an election petition presented to such authority and in such manner as may be provided for by or under any law made by the appropriate Legislature.

[329A. [Special provision as to elections to Parliament in the case of Prime Minister and Speaker.]–Omitted by the Constitution (Forty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1978, s. 36 (w.e.f. 20-6-1979).

*****

330. Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the House of the People.— (1) Seats shall be reserved in the House of the People for —
 * (a) the Scheduled Castes;

 * [(b) the Scheduled Tribes except the Scheduled Tribes in the autonomous districts of Assam; and]

 * (c) the Scheduled Tribes in the autonomous districts of Assam.

(2) The number of seats reserved in any State [or Union territory] for the Scheduled Castes or the Scheduled Tribes under clause (1) shall bear, as nearly as may be, the same proportion to the total number of seats allotted to that State [or Union territory] in the House of the People as the population of the Scheduled Castes in the State [or Union territory] or of the Scheduled Tribes in the State [or Union territory] or part of the State or Union territory, as the case may be, in respect of which seats are so reserved, bears to the total population of the State [or Union territory].

[(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in clause (2), the number of seats reserved in the House of the People for the Scheduled Tribes in the autonomous districts of Assam shall bear to the total number of seats allotted to that State a proportion not less than the population of the Scheduled Tribes in the said autonomous districts bears to the total population of the State.]

[Explanation.—In this article and in article 332, the expression “population” means the population as ascertained at the last preceding census of which the relevant figures have been published:

Provided that the reference in this Explanation to the last preceding census of which the relevant figures have been published shall, until the relevant figures for the first census taken after the year [2026] have been published, be construed as a reference to the [2001] census.]

331. Representation of the Anglo-Indian Community in the House of the People.—Notwithstanding anything in article 81, the President may, if he is of opinion that the Anglo-Indian community is not adequately represented in the House of the People, nominate not more than two members of that community to the House of the People.

332. Reservation of seats for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Legislative Assemblies of the States.—(1) Seats shall be reserved for the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes, [except the Scheduled Tribes in the autonomous districts of Assam], in the Legislative Assembly of every


text:
Page:Hudibras - Volume 2 (Butler, Nash, Bohn; 1859).djvu/284

RV 422 (CANTO III.])


text:
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 Rh that Haris-ibn-Hishám asked the Prophet, 'How did the revelation come to you?' and the Prophet said, 'Sometimes like the noise of a bell, and sometimes the angel would come and converse with me in the shape of a man.

According to A′yeshah's statement, the Súra-i-Alaq (xcvi.) was the first portion of the Qurán revealed; but it is more probable that the poetical Súras, in which there is no express declaration of the prophetic office, or of a divine commission, were composed at an earlier period. Internal evidence would assign the earliest date to the Súras Zilzál (xcix.), Asar (ciii.), A′diyát (c.), and Fátiha (i.), which are rather the utterances of a searcher after truth than of an Apostle of God.

The whole book was not arranged until after Muhammad's death, but it is believed that the Prophet himself divided the Súras and gave most of them their present titles, which are chosen from some word which occurs in the chapter. The following is the


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 20 account of the collection and arrangement of the Qurán, as it stands at present, as given in traditions recorded by Bokhárí:—

"Zaid-ibn-Sábit, relates :—'Abú-Bakr sent a person to me, and called me to him, at the time of the battle with the people of Zemámah; and I went to him, and Omar was with him; and Abú-Bakr said to me, "Omar came to me and said, 'Verily, a great many of the readers of the Qurán were slain on the day of the battle with the people of Zemámah; and really I am afraid that if the slaughter should be great, much will be lost from the Qurán, because every person remembers something of it; and, verily, I see it advisable for you to order the Qurán to be collected into one book.' I said to Omar, 'How can I do a thing which the Prophet has not done.' He said, 'I swear by God, this collecting of the Qurán is a good thing.' And Omar used to be constantly returning to me and saying: 'You must collect the Qurán,' till at length


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 parcel—He shook his head—Monsieur Le Blanc! Madam Le Blanc! did you see any papers of mine?—you maid of the house! run up stairs—François! run up after her

—I must have my remarks—they were the best remarks, cried I, that ever were made—the wisest—the wittiest—What shall I do?—which way shall I turn myself?

Sancho Pança, when he lost his ass's, did not exclaim more bitterly.

the first transport was over, and the registers of the brain were beginning to get a little out of the confusion into which this jumble of cross


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Runo XIX]

Pushed aside the castle’s shutter,

Sat him at the castle window,

Near the wall, all green his feathers,

In the room, his plumes a hundred.

“Then he scanned the braidless maidens,

Gazing on the long-haired maiden,

On the best of all the maidens,

Fairest maid with hair unbraided,

And her head with beads was shining,

And her head with beauteous blossoms.

“In his claws the eagle seized her,

And the hawk with talons grasped her,

Seized the best of all the party,

Of the flock of ducks the fairest,

She the sweetest-voiced and tenderest,

She the rosiest and the whitest,

She the bird of air selected,

In his talons far he bore her,

She who held her head the highest,

And her form of all the shapeliest,

And her feathers of the finest,

And her plumage of the softest.”

Then did Pohjola’s old Mistress

Answer in the words that follow:

“Wherefore dost thou know, my darling,

Or hast heard, my golden apple,

How the maiden grew amongst us,

And her flaxen hair waved round her?

Perhaps the maiden shone with silver,

Or the maiden’s gold was famous.

Has our sun been shining on you,

Or the moon afar been shining?”

From the floor the child made answer,

And the growing child responded:

“Therefore did your darling know it,

And your fostling learned to know it.

In the far-famed maidens’ dwelling,

In the home where dwells the fair one;

Good report rejoiced the father,

When he launched his largest vessel:

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text: The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman/Volume 7/Chapter 37