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210

S usual as it is with Mankind to act absolutely by Will and Pleasure, without regard to Counsel, or the rigid Method of Rule and Precept; it must be acknowledg'd nevertheless, that the good and laudable Custom of asking Advice, is still upheld, and kept in fashion, as a matter of fair Repute, and honourable Appearance: Insomuch that even Monarchs, and absolute Princes themselves, disdain not, we see, to make profession of the Practice.

, I presume, on this account, that the Royal Persons are pleas'd, on publick Occasions, to make use of the noted Style of WE and US. Not that they are suppos'd to have any Converse with Themselves, as being endow'd with the Privilege of becoming Plural, and enlarging their Capacity, in the manner above describ'd. Single and absolute Persons in Government, Rh


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Rh

IS esteem'd the highest Compliment which can be paid a Writer, on the occasion of some new Work he has made publick, to tell him, "That he has undoubtedly surpass'd ." And indeed when one observes how well this Compliment is receiv'd, one wou'd imagine it to contain some wonderful Hyperbole of Praise. For according to the Strain of modern Politeness; 'tis not an ordinary Violation of Truth, which can afford a Tribute sufficient to answer any common degree of Merit. Now 'tis well known that the Gentlemen whose Merit lies towards Authorship, are unwilling to make the least abatement on the foot of this Ceremonial. One wou'd wonder therefore to find 'em so entirely satisfy'd with a Form of Praise, which in plain sense amounts to no more than a bare Affirmative, "That they have in some manner differ'd from themselves, and are become Rh

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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FLEXIBLE RESPONSE  (M) (13 Apr 66) ACSFOR, 5th Bn, 7th Cav file, DAMH-HSO, The subject of the letter is the activation of aviation units, but it pertains to the activation of infantry and cavalry units.

$15$ Ltr, TAG to Chief, NGB, and other addresses, 9 Oct 65, sub: Increased Readiness of the Selected Reserve Component Force, AGAM-P (M) (8 Oct 65) ORC (Office of Reserve Components)-OPT (Organization, Plans and Training)-OF, Selected Reserve Force file, DAMH-HSO; "Reserve Units In Selected Reserve Force," Army Reserve Magazine 11 (Dec 1965); 4–6; Ltr, NGB to AG California, 1 Nov 65, sub: Reorganization of California ARNG, 1965, to Include SRF Units, NG-AROTO 1002-California, Ltr, NGB to AG, Texas, 24 Jan 66, sub: Reorganization of Texas ARNG to Include SRF units, NG-AROTO 1002-01-Texas, Ltr, NGB to AG, Washington, 28 Oct 65, sub: Reorganization of the Washington ARNG, 1965, to Include SRF Units, NG-AROTO 1002-01-Washington, and Ltr, NGB to AG, Oregon, 28 Oct 65, sub: Reorganization of the Oregon ARNG, 1965, to Include SRF Units, NG-AROTO 1002-01-Oregon, all NGB Reference files, DAMH-HSO.

$16$ Ltr, TAG to Chief, Organized Reserve Components, 13 Nov 65, sub: Inactivation of USAR Reinforcing Reserve Units, AGAM (M), Selected Reserve Force file, DAMH-HSO.

$17$ "Stability Operations Dominican Republic," pt. I, vol. 1, ch. II, p. 1, Ms, DAMH-HSR: Hermes, "Vietnam Buildup,” ch. 2, pp. 34–36, ch. 15, pp. 1

$18$ Weinert, Army Buildup, 1966, pp. 85–88; Department of Defense Annual Report, 1967, p. 144.

$19$ Weinert, Army Buildup, 1967, pp. 97–101; Telephone information request sheets, sub: Composition of the 198th Infantry Brigade, 2 and 5 May 1967, Msg DA 813926 to CG, CONARC, 9 May 67, sub: Organization of the 198th Inf Bde, and Memo for Record, undated, sub: Evolution of 198th Inf Bde, all 198th Inf Bde file, DAMH-HSO.

$20$ Task Force Oregon was named for the home state of its commander, Maj Gen William E. Rosson.

$21$ William C. Westmoreland, A Soldier Reports (Garden City, N.J.: Doubleday and Co., 1976), p. 201.

$22$
Msg, USARV to USARPAC, 181303 May 67, sub: 3d Brigades, 4th and 25th Infantry Division, Msg, ACSFOR to CinC, USARPAC, DA 824266, 192355Z Jul 67, same subject, GO 144, USARPAC, 1967, Ltr, TAG to CinC, USARPAC, 12 Sep 67, sub: Change in Status of USARPAC Units, AGSD-C (M) (1 Sep 67) ACSFOR, all 3d Bde, 25th Inf Div file, DAMH-HSO.

$23$
SS, ACSFOR for CofS, 7 Sep 67, sub: Americal Division, FOR PP TP, Memo for Record, 29 Sep 67, sub: Organization and Activation of the 23d Infantry Division, and GO 175, USARPAC, 20 Sep 1967, all 23d Inf Div file, DAMH-HSO.

$24$
Ltr, TAG to CinC, USARPAC, 29 Sep 67, sub: Change in Status of Units, AGSD-C (20 Sep 67) ACSFOR, Ltr, TAG to CG, CONARC, 28 Sep 67, sub: Reorganization of the 198th Infantry Brigade, AGSD-C (M) (21 Sep 67) ACSFOR, both AG Reference files, DAMH-HSO; "For Freedom Under the Southern Cross," Americal 1 (May 1968): 2–6.

$25$
Sharp and Westmoreland, Report on the War in Vietnam, p. 156; News Release, 1170–67, Arrival of 101st Airborne Division in Vietnam, 13 Dec 67, and Ltr, TAG to CG, Third U.S. Army, 30 Nov 67, sub: Reorganization of Elements of the 101st Airborne Division, AGSD-C (M) (15 Nov 67) ACSFOR, both 101st Abn Div file, DAMH-HSO.

$26$
SS, ACSFOR for CofS, 18 Oct 67, sub: Activation of the 6th Infantry Division, FOR PP TP, Msg, DA ACSFOR for CG, CONARC, and CinC, USARPAC, 837848, 261426Z Oct 67, same subject, Msg, CinC, USARPAC, to ACSFOR, 062056 Nov 67, same subject, and GO 358, Third U.S. Army, 1967, all 6th Inf Div file, DAMH-HSO.

$27$
W. W. Rostow, The Diffusion of Power (New York: Macmillan Co., 1972), p. 410; Report by the J–1 to the JCofStaff on Special Pay for Duty subject to Hostile fire in Korea, 21 Feb 68, JCS 2478/130, Korea, Special Pay for Hostile Fire file, DAMH-HSO; Sharp and Westmoreland, Report of the War In Vietnam, pp. 157–62, 183–84.

$28$
Ltr, TAG to CG, Fifth U.S. Army, 13 May 68, sub: Change in Status of Units, AGSD-C (M) (2 May 68) ACSFOR, 5th Inf Div file, DAMH-HSO; Msg, DA to CG, CONARC, and other addresses, 866004, 28 May 68, sub: Final Movement Directive 68–56, 1st Bde, 5th Inf Div, file, DAMH-HSO; Unit History of the 1st Infantry Brigade, 5th Infantry Division (Mechanized), 1917–1971, Ms, MHI.


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Rh Accept this burning light, and guard your blameless Baptism, so that when the Lord comes to the wedding feast, you may meet him there, with all his Saints, in the hall of justice of heaven, and live forever and ever. ℞. Amen.

¶ The kinship that you have contracted in responding for the Baptized, having him when they poured the Holy water on him, impedes you alone such that you may not marry him, nor his father, or mother, and that you have an obligation to teach him the law of God, and the prayer, if his parents were such bad Christians that they did not teach them. Rh


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 FLEXIBLE RESPONSE

judged unnecessary and others that were undermanned and underequipped could now be deleted with minimum controversy and their assets used to field contingency forces. Among the units inactivated were the last six combat divisions in the Army Reserve—the 63d, 77th, 81st, 83d, 90th, and 102d Infantry Divisions—and the 79th, 94th, and 96th Command Headquarters (Division). The 103d Command Headquarters (Division) was converted to a support brigade headquarters.

In the spring of 1965 the Army also responded to a crisis in the Caribbean area. To help restore political stability and protect United States citizens and property, President Johnson sent the 82d Airborne Division and other forces to the Dominican Republic. Subsequently, the Inter-American Peace Force was organized there, and by the autumn the only United States combat force left was one brigade of three battalions from the 82d Division. The Joint Chiefs of Staff asked that the brigade be returned to the United States so that the 82d could resume its place in the strategic force as a full-strength unit. In response, the Army selected the 196th Infantry Brigade to replace the divisional brigade in June 1966, But by the time the 196th had completed its training, stability had returned to the Dominican Republic, and the president withdrew all United States forces from the country.

To meet Westmoreland's continuing demand for more troops in Vietnam, President Johnson then approved the transfer of the 196th Infantry Brigade to Southeast Asia. As the unit had been trained for street fighting and riot control,


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Rh ¶ This kinship you made with each other, having brought the Holy water, taking them and speaking in their place, the unmarried women, or unmarried men may not marry, or not cause to marry either; and the father and mother, may not be married. And you are to teach the honored law of God and prayer; when the father and mother are being bad Christians and they are not teaching the law, you are to be doing this.

Less, ✠ almighty God, this creature of salt, by the blessing of heaven for the explusion of the enemy, Rh


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 Rh that a tribe, or sub-tribe, bearing this name existed in the twelfth or thirteenth centuries, in no way accounts for its having been applied, as a general term of contempt, to the Chaghatais as a people: there must have been some other reason and origin. The name itself was found, by Quatremère, never to appear previous to the Mongol invasions of the west, or subsequent to the date of the Zafar-Náma—viz., 1424. Marco Polo was one of the earliest to mention it, and he gives it the form Caraonas. He relates that he met with the Caraonas at Kirmán and, apparently also, at other places in Persia farther north, and describes them as a robber tribe who were "the sons of Indian mothers by Tartar fathers." Probably the word "Indian" may have been employed by him in a very broad sense, or it may, as Sir H. Yule has suggested, perhaps stand for Biluchi; but in any case, Marco Polo refers to them as a race of half-breeds, and states that the name of Caraonas had been given them on account of their mixed parentage. Dr. Erdmann, again, alludes to the Karawinah, or Karawinas, stationed in Khorasán about the same period, and explains, on the authority of Wassáf, that they were the artillerists (Feuerwerker) of the Chaghatai army. These are the only two instances known to me, where meanings for the term are suggested by original contemporary authors; but there seems no reason to suppose that the name was specially given to any such classes as half-caste robbers or artillerymen. It was imposed, Mirza Haidar tells us, on the Chaghatais generally, and therefore is far more likely to have had its origin in something quite unconnected with either the banditti of Kirmán or the gunners of the army in Khorasán, for both these classes may have inherited a right to the distinction with their Chaghatai relationship: the lesser would be contained in the greater.

But under whatever name the Moghuls were known to their neighbours, one of the most noteworthy circumstances connected with them, during the period to which Mirza Haidar's history refers, was that they were rapidly declining in power and in numbers. With the introduction among them of the Musulman


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 78 religion, they seem to have tended gradually to lose their national characteristics and to merge more and more into the tribes or nations—for the most part of Turki descent—by whom they were surrounded. From the time of the Mongol conquests down to the first half of the sixteenth century, nearly three hundred years had elapsed. In so long a period, it is only reasonable to conclude that some changes may have taken place in a politically weak and unstable people like the Mongols, and who, in addition, were pressed upon from the west and south by alien nations much superior to themselves in numbers. It is not, however, necessary to assume, as some writers have done, that the mass of the Moghuls, even in the latest years of this period, were of Turki blood, or that they used the Turki language as their own. The circumstances that appear rather to have given rise to this view are: (1) the glimpses that are occasionally obtained in history of the Moghul Khans and chiefs (almost the only persons ever noticed individually by historians) who had become to all intents and purposes Turks, at a period following pretty closely on that of the Mongol ascendency—a matter that affects only the Moghuls of Moghulistan; and (2) the use made by Musulman authors of the word Turk, when designating, sometimes all nomad and steppe-dwelling, or pastoral, tribes, and sometimes a specific race. This dual use of the word Turk underlies the whole of the ethnography of Central Asia, as it has come down to us through the writings of Oriental authors. It has been my object to avoid, if possible, all discussion of this much-debated question, but in order that some of our author's statements may not be wrongly interpreted, it is necessary to make some brief remarks upon it.

One instance which touches phase (1) is that of the racial characteristics of the family of Baber, which gave to India the


text: Report of The Inter-Governmental Committee, Malaysia/Public Service


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 Rh so-called 'Moghul' line of kings. It will hardly be disputed that not alone Baber himself, but some of his more immediate ancestors, were to all intents and purposes Turks; and this was the case not only in the acquisition of language and manners, but by intermixture of blood; while his successors, whose portraits, painted in India, are extant at the present day, show no trace in their features of descent from a Mongoloid race. It is said that Baber's grandfather (Sultan Abu Said of Khorasan, 1452–67) was described by a Khivan contemporary, who visited him, as a very handsome man with a full beard and unlike a Moghul. Another, and perhaps more perfect, instance of the same thing is the description given in the Tarikh-i-Rashidi of the personal appearance of Yunus, Khan of Moghulistan, in 1456, or some two centuries only after the death of Chaghatai Khan—who was certainly a pure Mongol. Yunus is reported, by one who says that he expected to see a beardless man, "like any other Turk of the desert," to have had a full beard and Tájik (i.e., Aryan) features; and brief though this description is, it tells so significant a tale of a changed race, that it is probably as trustworthy a record, as a portrait painted by even a superior artist to those of Hindustan. In the case of the few families of the chiefs, there would be a tendency to change much more rapidly than in that of the bulk of the people. Their custom was to give their relations in marriage to the friendly rulers of foreign countries, and, in exchange, to take to wife a member of those rulers' families; if one Khan subjugated another, he usually demanded a daughter or a sister in marriage; while it was no doubt possible, and perhaps fashionable, for the governing classes to add foreign wives to their harems, in the same way that Musulmans of means and position have loved to do at all periods and in most countries.

In these circumstances, the physical characteristics of the original race would soon pass away among the families of the chiefs, and with them would go the language and the customs. But with the mass of the tribes-people it would be otherwise. There appears to be no description of them indicating a resemblance to the Turks; on the contrary, the description of Yunus implies a difference between him and the mass of his people. Moreover, we may assume that the rank and file of the Moghuls would not have the same opportunities for rapidly connecting themselves in blood relationship with their neighbours; conse-


text: Index:Letter to B. K. Dutt's sister

title: Index:Letter to B. K. Dutt's sister


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 80 quently the distinctive features of their race would take longer to undermine. As already observed, the life of the steppes and the comparative isolation of the aul, would tend rather to preserve the purity of the race. It may not be possible to form an estimate of the length of time that would be needed to bring about a change of type by gradual intermarriage, but we know, at any rate, of one instance where this same Mongol people, from living in more or less isolated positions, and mixing with neighbouring races only to a very slight extent, have preserved all the physical characteristics of their original type, as well as the language, down to our own day—or some six and a half centuries from the date of their transplantation, during the era of the Mongol conquests. I refer to the Hazáras of Afghanistan, most of whom are still as unmistakably Mongol in feature and build as the inhabitants of Mongolia itself. According to the most trustworthy accounts of them, they descend from the remnants of the army of Nikudar Oghlán, a son of Hulaku, who invaded the region in which they dwell now, about the latter half of the thirteenth century; while Professor von der Gabelentz has shown that, in spite of a slight mixture of Persian words, their language is still strictly Mongolian, or more particularly, West Mongolian—i.e., Kalmák.

On the general question of the rise and decay of languages, enough is known of the process which a nation has to go through before it can completely change its tongue, to justify the belief that a very long period is needed for the transfer to become finally accomplished. The first step is that the people should become bi-lingual—that the mass of them (not a few of the chiefs) should come to use both the old and the new language with equal facility—and this alone is a process requiring many generations. The next step is that the old language should fall into disuse and be forgotten. The second


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276

Chást, 114.

Chishtía, 236.

Dábbat-ul-Arz, 88.

Dajjál, 88.

Dalálat, 35.

Darúd, 111.

Dár-ul-Harb, 207.

Dár-ul-Islám, 207.

Dár-ul-Qarár, 92.

Dár-us-Salám, 91.

Darwesh, 234.

Díat, 142.

Dígar, 114.

Dín, 11.

Dirham, 127.

Dozakh, 96.

Duaʾ, 32, 111.

Faná, 229.

Faqíh, 157.

Faqír, 158, 234.

Farz, 112, 137.

Farz-i-Kafáí, 146.

Fátihah, 107.

Fatwá, 144, 156.

Firdaus, 91.

Fiqah, 161.

Fitrat, 147.

Fúrqán, 14.

Ghaus, 158, 241.

Ghází, 206.

Ghusal, 105.

Gísú, 230.

Hadd, 141.

Hadís, 50, 160.

Hadís-i-ʾAzíz, 54.

Hadís-i-Gharíb, 54.

Hadís-i-Hasan, 52.

Hadís-i-Maqtuʾ, 53.

Hadís-i-Marfuʾ, 52.

Hadís-i-Mashhúr, 54, 62.

Hadís-i-Mauqúf, 53.

Hadís-i-Mauzuʾ, 55.

Hadís-i-Mursal, 54.

Hadís-i-Mustafíz, 54.

Hadís-i-Mutawátir, 53, 62.

Hadís-i-Sahíh, 52.

Hadís-i-Zʾaíf, 52.

Hájí, 135.

Hajj, 101, 130.

Hajr-ul-Aswad, 133.

Hakím, 157.

Halál, 148.

Hambali, 213.

Hanifí, 212.

Haqíqat, 34, 229, 230.

Haqíqí, 226.

Harám, 138.

Harf, 28.

Hashíyah, 162.


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 party of horse, set out, full of hope, to the appointed place, to await the adventure.

Emma meantime, with all the subtlety of her sex, had been doing all that she deemed necessary to secure the success of her project. She had ceased to torment the all-enduring Gnome with deadly coldness; her eye spoke hope; her deportment relaxed somewhat of its haughty reserve. How transporting so favourable a change, to a suitor hitherto repulsed with scorn! Rubezahl, spirit as he was, fell into the snare. Discouragement had long closed his lips; he now once more became eloquent, nay, even pressing. Emma seemed to yield; she requested but one day’s delay; which the Gnome, intoxicated with love and joy, willingly consented to, and then retired, deeming his triumph perfectly secure.

Next morning, shortly after sunrise, Emma came forth from her toilet, dressed like a bride, and ornamented with all her jewels. Her fair hair was gracefully arranged in a knot, which a myrtle wreath encircled; the edges of her robe glittered with precious stones. On seeing the Gnome, who was impatiently expecting her upon the great terrace, she modestly covered her face with her veil. “Celestial maid,” said Rubezahl, in faltering accents, “deny me not the joy of drinking deep draughts of love from thine eyes; let nothing intercept those tender,


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 yielding glances, which are about to render me the happiest being the ruddy morning sun e’er shone upon.” So saying, he would have removed the veil which concealed the lovely features he so desired to gaze upon; but Emma only drew it still closer around her, and replied in a scarcely audible tone of voice: “O master of my heart! ’tis not in mortal to resist thee! Thy constancy hath triumphed. Receive from my lips the confession of my tenderness; but suffer this veil still to hide my blushes and my tears.”—“Why tears?” said Rubezahl, in faltering accents; “every tear of thine falls like a drop of burning oil on my heart. I ask love for love, but no sacrifice.”—“Ah!” replied Emma, “why will’st thou misinterpret my tears? My heart responds to thy tenderness, but anxious misgivings harass me. The wife does not retain the charms of the mistress. Thou art not assailable by old age; but the beauty of mortals is a flower which soon fades. How can I be assured that thou wilt prove as tender and constant a husband, as thou hast been a passionate and devoted lover?”—“Demand what proof thou wilt of my fidelity,” replied Rubezahl, “and it shall be given. Only put my constancy to the proof, and thou shalt find how unalterable is my deep love.”—“Be it so,” said Emma; “I ask but one evidence of thy complaisance. Go, count all the turnips in the field. ’Tis my wish that our nuptials should not


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 And ran along the sands and made old Nile Run red between the shadows of his banks. And so it struck those sphinxes crouched at watch Grimly before the gates, struck them and rose, And reached that lighted room, and looked beyond The lights. And the queen saw it first. Even then

A maiden came therein who bore a cup, A wonderous eup, flashing more fair than day, And in it, darker than the pools of night, The hemlock; placed on the table and went out Dolorous-footed from that waiting hall.

Laughing rose Creon, not a laggard sound, This as it burst forth made a rout of all The lurking shadows. So he grasped the cup And raised aloft, and ever laughing cried: "Libations to high Eros, God of Gods, And Atropos, who brought me to this night! O queen, I feel the arms of Proserpine!"

But ere he drank, sudden she started up, With wan, drear lips, and placed a hand upon The fateful arm, but never word she spoke, For as they stood a growing sound moved out, Strong as the horror of that dawn of death— The marching trumpets of Antonius.


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 Soft-footed steps and wave of rosy veils; And next the freshness and the eager stir Of life that slept in beauty and awoke To sing. So lyre and flute rose high, and leaped The dancers in triumphant ecstacy. And as it ended all that group retired, And all the players of the lyre and flute, And they, the Nubians of the chosen tribe.

And silence grew out through that mighty hall Save where beyond the wall a sound was made Like half-remembered music of a dream. And the drooped lights purple and golden shone. And through the air the rich Messenian wine Left a sweet odor like the breath that stirs The lips of Gods, when Gods are bent on love. And Creon let his eyes through a long space Fall on her, and he thrilled to think such beauty Should be near his touch; gazed ever on those lips That smiled less often than they seemed, and throat Even more white than soft, and there below, Just hidden by the loose robe girt around, Her breasts made gradual swell, and the eloth flowed Softly along her waist, o'er hips and thighs Whose roundness made sweet magic of each fold; And last his eye eaught on the sandalled feet Crossed by thick-jeweled thongs that showed more dark Against the tender white, where a small vein Ran out a little tracery of blue. Up in the east an eager radiance sprang


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 Rippled o'er with light. Nubians they, from out The chosen tribes of Darfur. They had known The mighty silences, the livid sun, And those tall, welcome palm trees by the spring. And some in goblets bore the priceless wines Of old Messenia and Ocana's stream. Fair were the goblets, carved with chrysoprase, Others of jacinth or carnelian red. So that twain feasted there on curious dainties Brought from far Clissa and Nowanagar, And new-found lands, and the Messenian wine Laughed all aglow through the white jacinth, wreathed With opal stones.

And there she watched the great Heroie arch of Creon's breast, and he How her lips smiled less often than they seemed, Wondering ever at the littlest curve. Then dancing girls, with measured steps, moved through The hall, clothed in light fluttering veils that each Cost a year's labor far in Dehra Dun. Beyond the Indus, past the Ganges stream, Old women wrought them far in Dehra Dun. And round the dark hair of the dancing girls Lay ropes of pearls, and jeweled sandals flashed Upon their feet. Then one high flute blew out And the quick lyres made chorus with the sound In trembling rhythm, whereto the dancers moved In the dance of dawn. First all the motions slow As shadows that swing down an eastern range,


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 be unattended. When thou hast ascertained the number of turnips, so that I may form my arrangements, I will convert them into a magnificent train; but take care how you miscount, even by one. This is the proof I demand of thy devotion.”

However unwilling the Gnome might be to quit his beautiful betrothed at such a moment, he delayed not to obey her; and running to the field, set to work with more haste than good speed, hurrying along the rows of turnips as fast as the doctors do along the rows of patients’ beds in a hospital. So zealous was he in his exertions, that the account was quickly summed up; but to “make assurance doubly sure,” he deemed it safest to go over the computation again, when, to his great annoyance, he discovered an error which necessitated a third scrutiny; and this, again, only served to manifest a new defect of addition. Nor can we be surprised at these mistakes; the idea of a pretty girl is quite enough to confuse the brain of the very best of arithmeticians; the most infallible among them have been known to blunder when the figure of a fair lady has happened to get mixed up with the other figures to which they were applying themselves.

No sooner had the crafty Emma lost sight of her lover than she took measures for flight. She had kept in reserve a large juicy turnip, which, at a stroke of her wand, became a powerful horse, ready


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 And Creon said: "Shall I Make bright my person with soft blues of Media, Arrogant purples out of Tyre, aglow With jewels rich enough to furnish forth Another fleet to sail on Syracuse?"' And the queen looked on him a little space And answered: "It is well. I had not thought To wound thy pride of race, for where is he Knows not the glory of the northern waters? No idle wealth, but purity of thought In forms surrounding. Fallen now from that, But ah, how fallen is this land of Nile! The mighty hand of Rome is stretched abroad Over old Egypt; yea, and lays its hold Upon my heart."

Speaking she led him towards A couch and showed a place beside her there. And Creon, gazing, thought the light of evening Was truly dim, ay, hated half the dark That thrusts a hand from out oblivion To steal away all beauty like a thought. Along the floor there lay great Moesian rugs, And woven costly wools of Kermanshah Wrought with bright colors hung across the couch, And silks of Noahkahli, dyed in Ur. Before them stood a table whose bright top Was one quick flashing slab of almandine, Deep black, yet touched with sudden lights of rose. Then came a train of slaves in white sparse tunics And the strong black limbs at every motion


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. He offered himself. In such matters he really has very good taste.

. Well, have the clerks set the table, cover the furniture, yes, and sew on the machine, too, if they want to, only do me the favor to remove these things from the chairs.

. Have a little patience; Carmen is unpacking her trunks. Besides, I had to empty the armoires to make room for my new gowns from Madrid. We spread everything out so as to get a good look at it. You know how upsetting it is to have guests in the house. These old buildings are absolutely without conveniences.

. But where am I to receive visitors?

. Oh, you annoy me!

. Did you ring?

. Yes. Ask the Marchioness's maid to come down. And tell Don Trino that if he runs short of carnations, there are two bunches waiting for him on my dressing-table.

. Certainly.

. The maid will pick up for you.

. Phew! But it's hot. I wish I didn't have to wear this frock coat.

. Why don't you take it off? Nobody will be in before evening.

. But, wife, I have to write to the Prime Minister.

. What does madame wish?

. Pick up these things. How is the Marchioness this afternoon?

. She is dressing for the reception.


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 saddled and bridled. Instantly vaulting upon its back, she was borne with the rapidity of the wind over moor and mountain, to the lovely valley Maienthal, where, once more restored to happiness, she threw herself into the arms of her beloved Ratibor, who had been there for some hours, full of the most solicitous suspense.

The busy Gnome, meantime, was so totally absorbed in his enumeration, that he neither saw nor heard anything that was going on. After infinite trouble and vexation, he had at length arrived at the precise number of turnips, large and small, which the field contained; and full of exultation, he flew to rejoin the lady of his love to render his account, in the hope of now fully convincing her that he should prove the most complaisant and obedient husband that ever fantastic and capricious daughter of Eve led by the nose. He presented himself on the great grass plot, with an air of very considerable self-satisfaction. Not finding there her whom he sought, he examined all the arbours and paths in the garden with equal want of success; he then rushed into the house, and looked into every corner of it, calling aloud the dear name of “Emma!” But the vaulted ceilings of the lone apartments alone repeated the beloved name; no Emma was there. All at once the truth flashed on his mind. Relieving himself instantly


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Rh Háwía, 97.

Hijrat, 2, 209.

Hiqqah, 126.

Hutama, 96.

ʾIbárat, 32, 35.

Iblís, 32, 82.

Ibn-i-Májah, 56.

ʾIdgah, 171.

ʾId-ul-Azhá, 184, 178.

ʾId-ul-Fitr, 128, 171.

ʾIfrít, 82.

Ihrám, 132.

I′jáb, 177.

ʾIjmaʾ, 12, 61.

Ilhám, 47, 48.

Ilhám Rabbání, 47.

Illat, 64.

ʾIlm-i-Hadís, 51.

ʾIlm-i-Tajwíd, 25.

ʾIlm-i-Usúl, 31.

Imám, 150, 156.

Imám-Bára, 164.

Imám-Mahdí, 89.

Imám-ul-ʾAzam, 150.

Imám-ul-Mubín, 98.

I′mán, 66.

I′mán-i-Mufassal, 66.

I′mán-i-Mujmal, 66.

Injíl, 268.

Iqámat, 106, 117.

Iqtizá, 35.

ʾIsa, 256.

ʾIshaq, 228.

Ishárat, 35.

Ishárat-ul-Malak, 48.

Islám, 10.

Ism-i-Safát, 67.

Ism-i-Zát, 67.

Ism-ul-ʾAzam, 67.

Istibsár, 57.

Istidlál, 35.

Istighfár, 179.

Istiʾmál, 34.

Isráfíl, 79.

Itifáq-i-Fʾili, 61.

Itifáq-i-Qauli, 61.

Itifáq-i-Saqúti, 61.

ʾItiqáf, 121.

Izn, 225.

Jabarút, 230.

Jahannam, 96.

Jahím, 97.

Jalálíá, 236.

Jamád-ul-úla, 163.

Jamád-ul-ukhrá, 163.

Jamaʾ-i-Masjid, 171.

Jamra, 134.

Janáza, 185.

Jánn, 82.

Jannat, 91.

Jannat-i-ʾAdan, 92.

Jannat-i-ʾIlliyún, 92.

Jannat-ul-Firdaus, 92.

Jannat-ul-Khuld, 91.

Jannat-ul-Mawá, 92.

Jannat-un-Nʾaím, 92.

Jazʾah, 126.

Jibráíl, 15, 79.


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 Him forth through halls whose monstrous columns rose A dwindling height; and on the granite stones Down the great way was warlike pageantry, Conquest of cities, nations caught in chains; And mighty pictures of the chase were there, Lions and grizzly pards struck down and spoiled. All these were of the olden time when Egypt Poured its thick columns over Nubia, Crossed the Euphrates and the Tigris stream And beat against the gates of Nineveh. And this had changed. The soldier moved the loom; The priestly hand was on the plough; and fleets Drew the world's commerce to the mouths of Nile. And where the Theban conquerors had dwelt A Roman legion held the place of war, And Roman eagles over-ruled the air. All this moved strong in Creon till it seemed A ghost of Pharaoh stalked behind his back. Across these thoughts of dying empire came A little rush of music, hardly more Than a wind making voices in the trees, But in it was the tremulous thrill of flutes, And with it came a stir of spoken words. The noise grew till they came upon the portal Of a room many-sounded, gay with lights Of various hues. And therein was the queen, Who when they entered rose, and angry-eyed Spoke to the slave:

"Has Egypt grown so poor There is no other cloth to robe her guest Than cheerless linen?"


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. Goodness! Tell her it isn't a reception—just a few friends dropping in to see the fireworks from the balcony.

. That makes no difference. After six the Marchioness always wears an evening-gown, in the English fashion, sir.

. Well, if that is the case

. The only difference is that if it is an informal affair, she wears a high neck, but if it is public, of course, the neck is cut low.

. Of course, Santiago, of course. [The withdraws] You ought to be ashamed of yourself to be taking lessons from a maid.

. But how was I to know? Who would ever have supposed that in public it would be cut low?

. I wish you would keep your eyes open, Santiago.

. Just as you say, my dear. Oh! You don't know how I feel!

. What is the matter ?

. I have sent word to Madrid but they refuse to answer anything definite—generalities, that is all. They say that I am in a better position than they are to appreciate the conditions; that the government lacks knowledge of the local situation.

. Why do you have to ask the government what to do? They will think that you are a fool, and they will be right, too. Can't you make up your own mind? The first thing that a man needs in order to fill an office of importance is character, and to have character is to do whatever one thinks is right, no matter what comes of it. If it turns out to be wrong, all the more reason for sticking to it.

. Then I will


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 from the cumbrous coil of mortal mould, and resuming his spirit shape, he shot up high in the air, like an arrow from a bow, and descried the fair fugitive in the far distance, just at the moment when her courser was about to pass the limits of his dominions. Furious, the Gnome seized on a couple of clouds that were peaceably sailing past him, and dashing them against each other, sent after the perfidious fair one a terrible flash of lightning, which splintered to atoms an oak that had marked the barrier for a thousand years. That barrier, however, Emma had already passed; and, as beyond it Rubezahl was powerless, the cloud dispersed in a light mist.

After having desperately dashed to and fro, here and there, in the upper air, venting to the four winds his rage, Rubezahl, o’erladen with grief, returned to the castle, and wandered through its vast and lone apartments, which re-echoed to his groans and cries. Then he sought once more the garden, whose beauties had no longer any charm for him; one single trace of his faithless mistress’s footsteps, which he discovered in the soft gravel, was of deeper interest to him than all the splendid flowers and fruits around. There was not a spot which did not remind him of happiness, now fled; here, there, everywhere, as she conversed with Brinhilda, as she played with her lapdog, as she


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 plucked and arranged her tasteful bouquets, had he watched her with rapture; at times invisible, at other times, when in mortal guise, he breathed his vows of love, and occupied the hours in pleasing converse. Slowly paced he up and down, plunged in the most gloomy reverie; then, roused to fury, he poured forth curses loud and deep against the whole human race, whom—so bad, so treacherous did he now deem them—he determined to hold thenceforth in utter scorn and hatred. In an excess of rage he thrice stamped with his foot, and instantly the magic palace and all its appurtenances disappeared, and into the fathomless gulf which opened in its place the Gnome precipitated himself, nor paused in his career till he reached the centre of the earth, carrying with him a sense of the bitterest mortification and disappointment, and fierce hatred to all mankind.

Meantime Prince Ratibor, who had lost no time in providing for the security of his lovely prize, bore her in triumph to her father’s court, where their espousals were celebrated; and thence he proceeded with his bride to his dominions, ascended the throne of his forefathers, and built the town which bears his name to this day. The wondrous adventure of the Princess in the Riesengeberg, her daring flight, and fortune-favoured escape, became a tradition in all men’s mouths, handed down from generation to


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following is an account of the three species into which the Quercus Robur of Linnæus has been divided:—Quercus pedunculata, Quercus sessilifiora, and Quercus lanuginosa. Brief notes are given also of certain Mediterranean and Oriental forms which are in cultivation. The generic character will be given in another part, with our description of the exotic oaks in cultivation in these islands. Plates 78 and 79 show the twigs and buds of the pedunculate and sessile oaks, as well as those of some other species which will be described in a later volume, and the leaves of the three species now treated and of some of their varieties.

Those wishing to have the latest information on the oak from a physiological point of view are referred to the late Prof. Marshall Ward's work, which contains many details on points with which we do not propose to deal.

Loudon's account of the oak, covering over 100 closely printed pages, is also well worth study, especially with regard to the numerous historical trees, the quality of the timber, and the fungi, galls, and insects which live on or attack the tree.

A large tree, attaining a height of over 100 feet and a girth of stem of 20 to 30 feet, with the main branches large, long, and irregularly bent.

Bark, when old, irregularly fissured, and gradually increasing to a thickness of two inches or more. Branchlets in winter stout, glabrous, angled, grey, with a five-angled pith and small semicircular leaf-scars, which are set obliquely on prominent leaf-cushions and show three irregular groups of leaf-traces. Buds brown, clustered at the ends of the twigs, and arranged alternately (in 2/5 order) lower on the twigs, arising at an acute angle; blunt-oval, five-angled, with numerous imbricated scales (in five rows), which are glabrous on the surface and


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284

1. Var. fastigiata, Spach, ''Hist. Vég.'' xi. 151 (1842), Fastigiate or Cypress Oak.

The Cypress Oak has the branches pointing upwards, which gives the tree an irregular fastigiate shape; but in foliage and fruit it does not differ from the common oak. It has been found wild in the south-west of France, in the Landes and Pyrenees, in the provinces of Galicia and Navarre in Spain, and in Calabria. A famous tree of this variety stood in 1876 near the village of Haareshausen, close to Babenhausen in Hesse, which was supposed to be 280 years old, and it then measured 100 feet high and 10 feet in girth. It had been celebrated in Germany since the middle of the eighteenth century, and stood originally in the forest, now cleared away. From this tree nearly all the German trees, and possibly many English and French trees of this variety, have been derived. This variety comes true from seed to some extent; of thirty acorns sown at Nancy, twelve produced pyramidal oaks, the remainder reverting to the ordinary type. At White Knights, of several hundred acorns sown by the gardener, only five came true to the fastigiate type. Elwes has raised plants from seed which in youth at least are more or less fastigiate. The tree at White Knights is a remarkably good specimen, being 81 feet high and 8 feet in girth, and is beautifully symmetrical in shape. Sir Herbert Maxwell tells us that there are two trees at Dawick, Peeblesshire. Other fine specimens are at Knole Park, Kent, where Elwes measured one 66 feet by 5 feet; and at Hardwick, Suffolk, where he saw one 61 feet by 4 feet roinches. A very well shaped tree of this variety at Melbury Park (Plate 80) measures 65 feet by 3 feet 8 inches, and has the form of a well-grown Lombardy poplar. But none of these are equal to a tree growing at the Trianon at Versailles, which Elwes saw in 1905, and which measures about 90 feet by 10 feet. Several sub-varieties have appeared in various nurseries, and have received names, but as we have seen none of these in cultivation we do not think them worth recording.

2. Var. pendula, Loudon, ''Arb. et Frut. Brit.'' iii. 1732 (1838), Weeping Oak.—In this variety the branches are pendulous. The most famous tree of this kind is at Moccas Court in Herefordshire; but it has now almost ceased to weep, and Elwes would not have been able to distinguish it if it had not been pointed out to him. The present owner, the Rev. Sir George Cornewall, writes that "weeping oaks are far from uncommon in Herefordshire," and showed


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. Do what? What is it you are going to do?

. Comply with the law.

. Comply with the law? Don't talk nonsense. You don't mean to say you have authorized the performance of that horrible play?

. There wasn't any way out of it. The posters are up for the first performance already.

. With your consent?

. Why not?

. After having heard what His Reverence said this morning? After all the leading citizens of Moraleda have come to you in face of this onslaught and joined hands to form a dike

. Come down out of the pulpit, my dear; it isn't your sphere. My duty is not to please a faction, however large—no, not if it included everybody. My duty is to obey the law.

. Very well, then. Do as you see fit. I knew that sooner or later you would succeed in making yourself ridiculous. You will go out of office in disgrace, discredited as a politician or as anything else.

. Josefina, what conception have you of the law? They can say what they like, but women possess only the rudiments of moral sense. It is much less highly developed with them than with us.

. That may be, but we possess plenty of common sense, which is a thing that you haven't any idea of. What did your uncle say to me when I went to him to ask him to recommend you to the ministry for the position which you now hold, because you were too inefficient to earn your own living—our situation at that time could not possibly have been worse—what did he say to me? "Undeceive yourself, Josefina. Poor Santiago is no good. He will never amount


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286 has received many names, as var. purpurea, Loudon, and var. sanguinea, Spach. There are slight sub-varieties which are known as atropurpurea, atrosanguinea, nigra, nigricans, etc. The purple oak was first described by Bechstein (Forst. Bot. 333) in 1810 as Quercus sanguinea.

9. Var. variegata, Endlicher. Oaks with variegated leaves are not uncommon in the wild state. There is a specimen at Kew of a curious form sent by Mr. J. Lindsay Johnston from Eastlodge, Crondall, Hants, in xs82, The Rey. W. Wilks has sent leaves of an oak at Shirley, which were of a beautiful pink colour in November 1902. There are many forms of variegated oaks in catalogues; but it must be remembered that there is often a tendency in them to revert to the green form in a short space of time. Some of these sub-varieties may be distinguished as follows:—argenteo-marginata, margin of leaves white; argenteo-picta, leaves with white streaks; aureo-variegata, leaves with yellow streaks; rubrinervia, veins red in the young leaves; aureo-bicolor and tricolor, leaves variously coloured yellow, white, and green.

Elwes has seen a very fine variegated-leaved oak at Haldon near Exeter, the seat of J.F.G. Bannatyne, Esq, and I measured one 57 feet high and 7 feet in girth, at The Grove, Teddington, which, according to Loudon, was 37 feet high in 1837. This tree bears leaves, which come out variegated green, white, and pink, changing in autumn to a pure pink colour. The present owner, Charles E. Howard, Esq., informed me that it fruited only once to his knowledge, in 1887.

An account is given in the Gardeners' Chronicle of 14th September 1861 of a common oak which became variegated, the result of having been struck by lightning. This tree grew near Mawley, the seat of Sir Edward Blount, and contained about thirty feet of timber. It was struck by lightning on 26th June 1838, and did not appear to suffer at the time; but shortly afterwards the foliage, which was previously green, became beautifully variegated, and continued to produce variegated leaves and remained healthy.

10. Var. cuprea, Hort. This variety has bronze-coloured leaves when young, and is said to be a very distinct and vigorous form.

11. Var. tardissima, Simonkai, Le chêne de juin. —This variety has more regular branching and denser foliage than the common form; but is chiefly remarkable for the lateness of its leafing, which occurs five to eight weeks after the common oak. It was discovered in France in the valley of the Saône, from Pontailler to Saint-Amour; and has since been found at various places in the departments of Loir-et-Cher and Cher, and also in Hungary. It appears from experiments made at Nancy to come true from seed; and the delay in the putting forth of the leaf is as marked in seedlings as in old trees, It grows vigorously; and apparently, in spite of the short period each season that it


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The oak tree should sue poets for damages. Poets have used the oak tree as the symbol for slowness—sturdy and strong, yes, but so slow, so slow! The reiterations of poetry may be responsible for the fact that most people think of this tree as impossibly slow when one suggests it as the basis of an agricultural crop. On the contrary the facts about the oak are quite otherwise. I am sure no poet ever grew a grove of the faster growing varieties, for he would have put speed into his oak poetry.

The genus of oak trees holds possibility, one might almost say promise, of being one of the greatest of all food and forage producers in the lands of frost. Why has it not already become a great crop? That is one of the puzzles of history, in view of its remarkable qualities.

1. Some oaks are precocious in bearing nuts (acorns).

2. Some grow swiftly.

3. Some are very productive.

4. Some acorns are good to eat in the natural state, and most can be made good to eat by removing the tannin which makes some acorns bitter to the taste. However, tannin is a useful, commercial product easily removed and in steady demand.

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288 pairs of rounded lobes, the lateral nerves reaching to the sinuses as well as to the lobes; coriaceous; under surface bluish green, with a stellate pubescence, often discernible only with a lens. Fruit: 2 to 6 on a long stalk, very large, the acorns being $4/5$ inch in diameter. The cups look very distinct from those of the common oak.

This species is considered by Zabel to be a hybrid between Q. pedunculata and Q. lanuginosa, but it seems rather to be a geographical form of Quercus pedunculata, Elwes saw two stunted trees which may be this at Orton Hall, Peterborough, said to have been raised from acorns sent by the late Sir H. Layard from Kurdistan.

The following three species or geographical forms were considered to be varieties of Quercus pedunculata by De Candolle.

Quercus Brutia, Tenore, ''Sem. Ann. Hort. Neap.'' (1825), p. 12.—Occurs in southern Italy. The difference between it and some northern forms of Q. pedunculata is very slight, as the leaves are glabrous. The fruit is large and somewhat peculiar.

Quercus Thomasii, Tenore, ''loc. cit.'' This also occurs in southern Italy, and is a form with large acorns, having leaves pubescent on the under surface, and standing on short pubescent petioles.

Quercus apennina, Lamarck, Encyc. i. 725 (1783).—This is a small oak which occurs on dry situations in the south of France, and is said to form considerable forests in the Apennines in Italy. It has hoary, tomentose shoots and small leaves, with the under surface pale pubescent, and shorter stalks than Quercus lanuginosa, which it otherwise much resembles. The fruit is crowded on thick grey tomentose axes, and the cupules are greyish tomentose with appressed scales.

Hybrid or Intermediate Forms.—Hybrids between Quercus sessiliflora and Q. pedunculata occur; but they seem to be rare in the wild state in England, and I have only seen two or three specimens which could not at a glance be referred to one or other species without doubt. The best name for the hybrid is Quercus intermedia, Boenn, in Rchb. Fl. Germ. 177 (1830). The type specimen of Q. intermedia, Don, obtained by Leighton in Wyre Forest, Shropshire, is true sessiliflora. Another specimen in the British Museum labelled intermedia, gathered in 1843 in Surrey, is pedunculata; in this some of the peduncles are rather short, but there is one fully developed peduncle of the usual length, and the leaves in no way differ from ordinary pedunculata. What is often supposed to be intermedia is, however, the common oak, bearing leaves with stalks of a moderate length. The word pedunculata is apparently a trap to deceive all but the practised botanist. In Q. pedunculata the acorns are sessile on a long peduncle, which is distinct from a shoot, as it bears only acorns, never buds or leaves. I have received specimens from professional foresters, labelled "sessiliflora, intermediate form," in which the


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290 began"; and goes on to say, "What is important is the fact that the durmast will thrive and ripen its season's growth in moist northern and western latitudes, which are unfavourable to the development of the pedunculate kind. In our salt-laden atmosphere upon the western seaboard much of the growth made by the pedunculate oak during one season fails to ripen before it is nipped by frost, and the tree is much more subject than the durmast to galls—a sure sign of debility; and it never carries with it the wealth of glossy foliage that never fails to distinguish the latter."

He then speaks of the fine oaks at Merevale Park, which are described on p. 318, as being of the sessile variety, and says that at Knole Park, Kent, on the other hand, the general growth is pedunculate; but there is a magnificent avenue of durmast oaks, leading to the house from the direction of the Wilderness, and these tower far and straight above the gnarled and twisted veterans in the rest of the park.

Another peculiarity of the sessile oak is referred to in a letter from the Hon. Gerald Lascelles to Mr. Stafford Howard, in which he says: 'I doubt whether there is much difference between the timber of the sessile and pedunculate oaks, but I think that the sessile is straighter and cleaner in growth, and one thing is certain— that it is almost immune from the attacks of the caterpillar (Tortrix viridana) which so often destroys every leaf on the pedunculate oak in early summer. Whether this does any real harm or not is a moot point, but I think it must be a check to growth, and that the trees would be better without it. I have seen a sessile oak standing out in brilliant foliage when every tree in the wood around was as bare of leaf as in winter."

Mr. J. Smith, in the paper above referred to, pp. 29–30, confirms Mr. Lascelles' observations, and says that in 1888, which was the worst year for these caterpillars that he remembered, he passed through a wood composed of Q. sessiliflora in which, though it had been attacked by the caterpillars, they had left off, evidently either poisoned or starved. He also quotes a resident in the Forest of Dean who, writing in 1881, says: 'It was strikingly evident last summer that the Q. Robur pedunculata, or old English oak, was attacked by blight (? caterpillars) more severely than Q. R. sessiliflora"; and Mr. Baylis, who now has charge of Dean Forest, writes to me on the subject as follows:—"I can confirm the statement that the larva of the green oak moth defoliates Q. pedunculata, very much more than Q. sessiliflora, and I think the reason is this: the latter is the first to come into leaf, and the leaf has time to get fairly tough before the caterpillar has reached its most destructive stage, which is about the time that Q. pedunculata is coming into leaf. I have very frequently noticed this fact that the oak with more decided pedunculate characters is almost invariably attacked rather than the other."

The only published exact observation that I know of with regard to the relative rate of growth of the two forms on the same soil is by Mr. H. Clinton Baker of Bayfordbury. Near his house are growing on sandy loam, close to each other, a pedunculate oak raised in 1811 from the celebrated tree at Panshanger, and a sessile


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 5. The acorn has been used as a standard food for ages.

6. The food value of the acorn (pp. 180, 189) shows that it stands well in the class of nutrients. Historically, it has been a food for ages of the squirrel, opossum, raccoon, and bear. Among the four-footed brethren the hog, above all, might almost be called an acorn animal. For untold ages he has lived in the forests, from Korea to Spain. In the autumns he has larded himself up with a layer of fat to carry him through the winter. A food for man, the acorn has certainly been used for unknown centuries in many lands. It is still being used as food by man, his beasts, and the wildlings.

As the pioneer farmers of Pennsylvania pushed aside the flowing stream of oil from their springs so that animals might drink water, so the modern world has pushed aside this good food plant, the oak tree.

There is a strip of hills from New England to Minnesota, from New England to Alabama, from Alabama to Ohio, from Ohio to Missouri, and from Missouri down to Texas. On these hills men have been making their living by growing wheat, corn, oats, clover, and grass. Yet I am confident that in every county there are oak trees of such productivity that if made into orchards they would in any decade yield more food for beast and possibly for man than has been obtained on the average in any country in any similar period on the hill farms of this wide region.

The oak tree is productive. Down in Algarve, the southernmost province of Portugal, I heard of an ilex that bore 1,200 liters (35¼ liters equal 1 bushel) of acorns. The definiteness of the report was pleasing to the ear of one in search of facts, and the size of the yield was surprising. I went to see the tree. It stood alone in an unfenced outer yard at the edge of the village of St. Bras. The branches had a reach of only fifty-one feet. By long and devious methods I cross-questioned the owner, a widow of sixty. She always told the same story, and the neigh-

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 "You will go, my father?" said Madeline.

"Go, my child! (said he); yes, and happy I am to think I can in any degree mitigate the sufferings of a fellow-creature." He hastily collected what things he wanted, and went out.

Madeline left her supper unfinished, and in a state of agitation, such as she had never before experienced, watched in the little grove before the cottage for his return. The moment she saw him approaching the gate, she flew to meet him.

"Well, my dear sir, (cried she), is there any hope?"

"Hope! (repeated Clermont), heaven forbid there was not; the unfortunate young man, though severely, is not dangerously hurt; and I trust, and make no doubt, but that in a few days, with proper care and attention, he will be able to rise: his senses, which the shock of the fall alone


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 it is. And they are doomed along with it. Some of the young ones spout about a Soviet but there's not much conviction in them. There's no sort of conviction about anything, except that it's all a muddle and a hole. Even under a Soviet you've still got to sell coal: and that's the difficulty.

"We've got this great industrial population, and they've got to be fed, so the damn show has to be kept going somehow. The women talk a lot more than the men, nowadays, and they are a sight more cocksure. The men are limp, they feel a doom somewhere, and they go about as if there was nothing to be done. Anyhow, nobody knows what should be done, in spite of all the talk. The young ones get mad because they've no money to spend. Their whole life depends on spending money, and now they've got none to spend. That's our civilisation and our education: bring up the masses to depend entirely on spending money, and then the money gives out. The pits are working two days, two-and-a-half days a week, and there's no sign of betterment even for the winter. It means a man bringing up a family on twenty-five and thirty shillings. The women are the maddest of all. But then they're the maddest for spending, nowadays.

"If you could only tell them that living and spending isn't the same thing! But it's no good. If only they were educated to live instead of earn and spend, they could manage very happily on twenty-five shillings. If the men wore scarlet trousers as I said, they wouldn't think so much of money: if they could dance and hop and skip, and sing and swagger and be handsome, they could do with very little cash. And amuse the women themselves, and be amused by the women. They ought to learn to be naked and handsome, and to sing in a mass and dance the old group dances, and carve the stools they sit on, and embroider their own emblems. Then they wouldn't need money. And that's the only way to solve the industrial problem: train the people to be able to live and live in handsomeness, without needing to spend. But you can't do it.  They're all one-track minds nowadays. Whereas the mass of people oughtn't even to try to think, because they can't. They should be alive and frisky, and acknowledge the great god Pan. He's the only god for the masses, for ever. The few can go in for higher cults if they like. But let the mass be for ever pagan.

"But the colliers aren't pagan, far from it. They're a sad lot, a


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 and Smitham Colliery Company, they use it for raising hay and oats for the pit-ponies; not a private concern. But they've got cows and pigs and all the rest of it, and I get thirty shillings a week as labourer. Rowley, the farmer, puts me on to as many jobs as he can, so that I can learn as much as possible between now and next Easter. I've not heard a thing about Bertha. I've no idea why she didn't show up at the divorce, nor where she is nor what she's up to. But if I keep quiet till March I suppose I shall be free. And don't you bother about Sir Clifford. He'll want to get rid of you one of these days. If he leaves you alone, it's a lot.

"I've got lodgings in a bit of an old cottage in Engine Row, very decent. The man is engine-driver at High Park, tall, with a beard, and very chapel. The woman is a birdy bit of a thing who loves anything superior, King's English and allow me! all the time. But they lost their only son in the war, and it's sort of knocked a hole in them. There's a long gawky lass of a daughter training for a schoolteacher, and I help her with her lessons sometimes, so we're quite the family. But they're very decent people, and only too kind to me. I expect I'm more coddled than you are.

"I like farming all right. It's not inspiring, but then I don't ask to be inspired. I'm used to horses, and cows, though they are very female, have a soothing effect on me. When I sit with my head in her side, milking, I feel very solaced. They have six rather fine Herefords. Oat harvest is just over and I enjoyed it, in spite of sore hands and a lot of rain. I don't take much notice of people, but get on with them all right. Most things one just ignores.

"The pits are working badly; this is a colliery district like Tevershall, only prettier. I sometimes sit in the Wellington and talk to the men. They grumble a lot, but they're not going to alter anything. As everybody says, the Notts-Derby miners have got their hearts in the right place. But the rest of their anatomy must be in the wrong place, in a world that has no use for them. I like them, but they don't cheer me much: not enough of the old fighting-cock in them. They talk a lot about nationalisation, nationalisation of royalties, nationalisation of the whole industry. But you can't nationalise coal and leave all the other industries as they are. They talk about putting coal to new uses, like Sir Clifford is trying to do. It may work here and there, but not as a general thing, I doubt.  Whatever you make you've got to sell it. The men are very apathetic. They feel the whole damned thing is doomed, and I believe


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Three men sat chatting at leisure under a chestnut tree on the little common of a Corsican village. It was a beautiful day in June. As the chestnut trees were only now blooming, it would be two full months before these men, one-crop farmers and owners of chestnut orchards, would have to go to work.

For miles I had ridden along a good stone road that wound in and out along the face of the mountainside, a mountainside that was much like my own Blue Ridge in Virginia, with one chief difference—this mountainside was higher and more prosperous than its Virginia prototype. The road at about two thousand feet above sea level went for miles along the mountain through a zone of chestnut orchards. In and out it went, in and out through coves and around headlands. Down near the sea level it was too dry for the chestnut, for Corsica is a land of Mediterranean climate, with little summer rain at low altitudes. Up near the top of the mountain it was too cool for the chestnut; but throughout a middle zone one thousand feet or more in elevation from bottom to top, the chestnut was at home. I think that in fifteen miles I had not been more than one hundred yards from a chestnut tree. If I was correctly informed, every chestnut tree in the wide area that stretched up the slope and down the slope was a grafted tree. At frequent intervals I had

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was aware, however, of a growing restlessness. Out of her disconnection, a restlessness was taking possession of her like madness. It twitched her limbs when she didn't want to twitch them. It jerked her spine when she didn't want to jerk upright but preferred to rest comfortably. It thrilled inside her body, in her womb, somewhere, till she felt she must jump into water and swim to get away from it; a mad restlessness. It made her heart beat violently for no reason, And she was getting thinner.

It was just restlessness. She would rush off across the park, and abandon Clifford, and lie prone in the bracken. To get away from the house she must get away from the house and everybody. The wood was her one refuge, her sanctuary.

But it was not really a refuge, a sanctuary, because she had no connection with it. It was only a place where she could get away from the rest. She never really touched the spirit of the wood itself if it had any such nonsensical thing.

Vaguely she knew herself that she was going to pieces in some way. Vaguely she knew she was out of connection: she had lost touch with the substantial and vital world. Only Clifford and his books, which did not exist which had nothing in them! Void to void. Vaguely she knew. But it was like beating her head against a stone.

Her father warned her again: "Why don't you get yourself a beau, Connie? Do you all the good in the world."

That winter Michaelis came for a few days. He was a young Irishman who had already made a large fortune by his plays in America. He had been taken up quite enthusiastically for a time by smart society in London, for he wrote smart society plays. Then


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 passed substantial, comfortable-looking stone villages, villages that looked older than the gnarly chestnut trees that shaded them.

I wanted to learn the system by which these trees made a living for the village folk, so I joined the three men who sat chatting on the little common. It was a simple story that they told me. The men of the village were farmers. Their chief estate and sustenance were tracts of the grafted chestnut orchards that surrounded the village in all directions. In addition they owned little terraced vegetable gardens and alfalfa patches near the village. Every morning a flock of milch goats, attended by some member of the family, and perhaps accompanied by a donkey or two, or by a mule, went out to browse beneath the trees. Goat's milk, goat's-milk cheese, and goat flesh were important articles of diet in the village. I found that a meal of goat's-milk cheese and cakes made of chestnut flour was good.

The men told me that the year's work begins in August or September. A few weeks before chestnuts are ripe, the orchards are scythed to remove the things that goats and mules cannot eat. Then in September comes the chestnut harvest. At that season there is no school. Even the children help the men and women to pick up chestnuts. The nuts are carried upon the backs of donkeys, mules, and humans to the village. After harvest, pigs are loosed to turn over the leaves and find the nuts that have escaped the human eye. For the pigs, that is going back to nature.

Paris restaurateurs and butchers say that chestnut-fed pork is as good as any pork and is usually considered to be of superior quality. (Letter from American Vice-consul General, Paris, August 12, 1913.)

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 The American Consul at Seville, Spain, wrote, September 29, 1914:

Some of the Corsican nuts are shipped fresh to market, but the main crop is dried for local use. Upon the slatted floor of a stone dry-house, the nuts are spread to a depth of two or three feet. From a slow fire in the basement, smoke and heat arise through the slatted floor to dry the nuts that are spread upon it. This kills all worms and cures the nuts so that they will keep as well as any other grain. The air space between the shell and the shrunken meats makes good ventilating space.

The chestnut is to the Corsican mountaineer what corn is to the Appalachian mountaineer in the fastnesses of Carolina, Kentucky, or Tennessee, except that Corsica grows more of chestnuts than Appalachia does of corn.

The Corsican crop of 1925 was 95,000 metric tons, worth $1,650,000. (Letter, September 23, 1927, Lucien Memminger, American Consul, Bordeaux.) The production of chestnuts that year in Corsica per square mile was more than that of wheat in Kansas (28 tons to 25). The next year Kansas doubled its wheat crop. Consul Memminger states that the Corsican crop was reported to be 95,000 tons in 1924 and 95,000 in 1927.

In 1925 Corsica grew 28 metric tons of chestnuts per square mile.

The corresponding figures for corn for 1924 were as follows:

Bledsoe Co. Tetitissc:ccsccccrssececeassa enews 29 tons Yancy Go... Nii Gass cssssveivenesstecasarmwrareaceiaraiaw%s ar * Buncombe: 60: Ni Co ssiciis sacenccesarremaaunas iy " Mitchell: Co., NG, accas pecs sse ewes is Harlan Cos Kysicssccvns cecnieaciatiancciases gs *

Bell Gos Reyecs 5 sins die se ewee eae aa es Ss ©

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 gradually smart society realised that it had been made ridiculous at the hands of a down-at-heel Dublin street-rat, and revulsion came. Michaelis was the last word in what was caddish and bounderish. He was discovered to be anti-English, and to the class that made this discovery this was worse than the dirtiest crime. He was cut dead, and his corpse thrown into the refuse-can.

Nevertheless Michaelis had his apartment in Mayfair, and walked down Bond Street the image of a gentleman, for you cannot get even the best tailors to cut their low-down customers, when the customers pay.

Clifford was inviting the young man of thirty at an inauspicious moment in that young man's career. Yet Clifford did not hesitate. Michaelis had the ear of a few million people, probably; and, being a hopeless outsider, he would no doubt be grateful to be asked down to Wragby at this juncture, when the rest of the smart world was cutting him. Being grateful, he would no doubt do Clifford "good" over there in America. Kudos! A man gets a lot of kudos, whatever that may be, by being talked about in the right way, especially "over there." Clifford was a coming man; and it was remarkable what a sound publicity instinct he had. In the end Michaelis did him most nobly in a play, and Clifford was a sort of popular hero. Till the reaction, when he found he had been made ridiculous.

Connie wondered a little over Clifford's blind, imperious instinct to become known: known, that is, to the vast amorphous world he did not himself know, and of which he was uneasily afraid; known as a writer, as a first-class modern writer. Connie was aware from successful, old, hearty, bluffing Sir Malcolm, that artists did advertise themselves, and exert themselves to put their goods over. But her father used channels ready-made, used by all the other R.A.'s who sold their pictures. Whereas Clifford discovered new channels of publicity, all kinds. He had all kinds of people at Wragby, without exactly lowering himself. But, determined to build himself a monument of reputation quickly, he used any handy rubble in the making.

Michaelis arrived duly, in a very neat car, with a chauffeur and a manservant. He was absolutely Bond Street! But at sight of him something in Clifford's country soul recoiled. He wasn't exactly not exactly  in fact, he wasn't at all, well what his appear-


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415

titles here given are selected from a collection of bibliographical references relating to the Scandinavian countries of which about two thousand are in the English language. The intention has been to select the titles deemed most important and present them with reasonable fullness. In the original MS. catalogue the exact contents of nearly every work are carefully given. To have printed these contents would have exceeded the space allotted to this bibliographical appendix.

Indications of review notices, and all critical notes as to the relative value of the works catalogued have been omitted in order to keep within the limits of an appendix. To save space the paginations are not given, but care has been taken to indicate, when possible, maps and illustrations.

To avoid a seeming incompleteness a few of the most recent American books of travel have been included although they possess little or no value.

Capital letters are used as seldom as possible, and the punctuation and spelling of the title-pages are adhered to as nearly as possible. The abbreviations are mostly self-explanatory. The English given names are abbreviated according to Mr. Charles A. Cutter's method as follows:—Augustus A:, Benjamin B:, Charles C:, David D:, Edward E:, Frederick F:, George G:, Henry H:, Isaac I:, John J:, Louis L:, Mark M:, Nicholas N:, Otto O:, Peter P:, Richard R:, Samuel S:, Thomas T:, Victor V:, William W:, Charlotte C., Elizabeth E.., Frances F.., Helen H.., Jane J.., Louisa L.., Mary M.., Sarah S.. .

It having been thought desirable to give the titles of all English translations of works of Scandinavian writers, the second part of this bibliography has been devoted to this purpose.


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 deprived him of, were completely restored ere I went to him, and he was perfectly sensible of every thing I did for him, though too much exhausted to express his thanks, which his looks evinced him anxious to do, but which indeed a common act of humanity like mine does not merit." Clermont proceeded to say that he thought the stranger, though in such a situation, one of the finest young men he had ever seen. Madeline blushed; and, perfectly relieved from her uneasiness, felt a conscious pleasure at her father's opinion coinciding with her's.

The next morning, before breakfast, Clermont went to visit his patient; when he returned, his countenance announced pleasing intelligence.

"Well, (said he, seating himself at the breakfast table) I believe I shall soon grow vain of my skill, and declare myself a professed physician; as I prognosticated, my patient is already better, and I have had some conversation with him."


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 Madeline looked earnestly at her father.

"He had learned (resumed Clermont), from the good dame of the cottage that I was not a surgeon, but merely attended him from good will; in consequence of which he would have loaded me with thanks, had I not stopped him by declaring, that if he persisted in talking of obligations, I would instantly bid him a final adieu.

"After I had silenced him on that subject, he proceeded to tell me his name was de Sevignie, and that a love of rambling, inspired by a wish of seeing all in nature and art worthy of observation in his native country, had led him to a little hamlet about a league from our valley, where enquiring, as was his custom whenever he halted, if there was any place in the neighbourhood worth visiting, he had been directed by his host to the old castle, as one of the finest monuments of art and antiquity in this part of the country. 'I visited it almost immediately, (said he); and from that time, which was


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 about a fortnight ago, have never failed repairing to it every evening at sun-set, attracted thither by an irresistible impulse.'

"I am sorry (said I), your visits were at last so unfortunately terminated; your present accident is, I suppose, to be imputed to them."—His reply was 'Yes'; he had wandered unheeding whither he went, into a wrong path, extremely rugged, where, his foot slipping, he fell from the top to the bottom of the hill. His spirits seemed low, (continued Clermont); so I rallied my own to endeavour to raise them.

"There is I believe (said I) some spell, in that castle which allures, or rather draws, people thither, whether they will or no; I have a little girl who is always gadding to it, in defiance of all the ghosts, hobgoblins, and fairies, which, according to the account of the villagers, continually haunt it."

Madeline felt her cheek glow; and, withdrawing her eyes from her father, she


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 pretended to be busy in pouring out the coffee.

"My forced gaiety was however lost upon him (said Clermont); he grew agitated, so I took my leave, promising to call upon him again in the course of the day; and, at his desire, sent one of the young men of the cottage to the hamlet for his servant, whom he wished, in preference to a stranger, to attend him. As soon as you have breakfasted, my love, I wish you would take a loaf of white bread, which cannot be procured where he is, and a bottle of last year's vintage to the cottage for the young stranger."

No commission could be more pleasing to Madeline than the present one. The moment she rose from table, she tied on her hat, and putting the bread and wine into a small osier basket, proceeded to the cottage, at the door of which its mistress sat netting.


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 to anything. If he goes into office on horseback like Don Quixote, he will come out of it on an ass like Sancho Panza." And your uncle was a prophet. He knew what he was talking about.

. My dear wife, Josefina, let us not disturb the peace of our home, even though it be a governor's house—temporarily—by questions of politics. They ought never to cloud the brow of a creature so fair as yourself—you, for whom I have toiled, although I never was ambitious, for whom I would strive, yes, and fight with all my might, not only in a governorship of the second class, but, upon a throne, if I had one, to seat you beside me in ermine.

. Upon a throne? How long do you suppose you would stay there?

. You are lovely, you are beautiful; do not forget that, my dear. Don't you think that with such a wife a governor might be pardoned something, even if his ideas are a little advanced?

. Don't advance, Santiago! For heaven's sake, don't advance! And stop talking nonsense. This is a serious matter.

. That is precisely the reason I don't intend to have you meddle in it.

. So? That is what I am to you, is it? In the serious affairs of life, I am a meddler? I have no voice? I am not your wife, your equal; I am a butterfly, a toy who cares for nothing but frivolity? This is the consideration I receive after so many years of sacrifice, after all the privations I have endured for you!

. Josefina! My dear!

. At least you cannot say that my eyes were not open when I married you. I had no illusions about your future. When I first met you, you were the last person in


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 Central jail Lahore

Dear Sister,

Yesterday Battu himself wrote a letter informing you not to come here till you receive his letter. Battu was transferred yesternight to some other jail. Upto this time we are quite in dark about his destination. Anyhow I would earnestly request you not to leave Banaras for Lahore unless you received his letter. His separation is unbearable for me too. It is only today that I feel quite perplexed and every moment has


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 "Ah! how kind (said she, rising and taking the basket from Madeline), is Mr. Clermont! heaven will requite him for his goodness: won't you come in, Mam'selle; 'tis a warm day, and I am sure you must be tired by your walk; all my folks, old and young, are gone to the vineyard (it was now the vintage season), and I am a little lonely or so in their absence."

"Your guest is better?" cried Madeline, entering as she spoke, and taking a chair.

"Yes, Mam'selle, heaven and your father be praised for that; he is a fine youth, and it would be a pity indeed if any thing ailed him long. I must, now that I have so good an opportunity, show you, Mam'selle, a little picture, which I think belonged to him, as my Claude found it near the spot where he fell." So saying, she opened a drawer, from whence she took the picture, and presented it to Madeline, who, the moment she cast her eyes upon it, recollected it to be the same she had seen in the hands of the stranger; and this convinced her of what indeed


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 become a burden. Really it is very hard to be separated with a friend more dear than my brothers. Any how we must bear all patiently. I will request you to keep courage. Don't to stress. Something good will come out of it all. Yours Bhagat Singh

Sh: Pramila Devi C/o Swami Satyanand Tuai Sumeru Matha Ganesh Mohalla Benares City (U.P)


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 she had scarcely doubted before, that he and de Sevignie were the same person.

She now found it to be a highly-finished landscape of the castle and surrounding scenes, in which a small female figure was conspicuously drawn. This bore so great a resemblance to her own person, that she had no doubt of its being designed for her. Such an indication of attachment touched her young and simple heart more perhaps than the most impassioned declaration could have accomplished.

"As soon as he departs, I shall pin this picture up (proceeded his hostess); it will look so pretty against the wall; but till then I should be afraid to do so, lest he should demand it."

"I think (said Madeline, who feared the good woman or some of her family might discover the resemblance which the figure in the drawing bore to her), you had better return it."


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 "No, indeed (replied Janette), I shall do no such thing; he does not know I have it, so there can be no harm in keeping it."

"Well, do as you please," said Madeline, rising to depart, and taking up her empty basket. All the way back, her thoughts were engrossed by what she had seen; and she felt agitated at the idea of being introduced to Sevignie, which she supposed would now be the case as soon as he had recovered.

The attentions of her father were unremitted; and he returned from every visit more and more pleased with his new acquaintance, who, though too severely hurt to be able to rise for some days, was perfectly capable of conversing with him.

"I never (said Clermont to his daughter, on returning one evening), met with a mind more indebted to nature, or more improved by education, than that of de Sevignie; yet, with all his abilities and ac-


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 quirements, he is unobtrusive, unassuming, and unaffected; he does not study for subjects calculated to display his talents, as too many possessed of such would ostentatiously do; instead of leading, he is rather led to them; and his modesty, not only from its intrinsic merit, but its novelty, greatly heightens his perfections."

Such encomiums on de Sevignie were inexpressibly pleasing to Madeline; they seemed to give a sanction to the tender interest she felt for him; and they made her, besides, feel a sensation of gratified pride at being an object of regard to so amiable a youth.

At the end of a week, her father told her that his patient was able to rise, and expressed a wish that she would take some little delicacies, which he mentioned, to the cottage for him.


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 Madeline never obeyed a wish of her father's more readily; tying on her straw hat, she proceeded almost directly to the cottage with her osier basket upon her arm, well filled, and covered with a napkin. The cottage door lay open, but Janette (as in general was the case) was not there; neither was she nor any other person in the little room it opened into. Madeline, not willing to depart without seeing her, proceeded to an apartment which looked into the garden, and was divided from the one she had left by a long passage, at the door of which she tapped; it was instantly opened by Janette, and Madeline was entering, when the appearance of de Sevignie, who had not, she imagined, yet left his room, seated in a wrapping gown at an open window, as if to inhale the balmy and refreshing sweetness of the air, made her suddenly start back. Janette, however, prevented her retreating entirely:—"Lord, Mam'selle, don't be frightened (cried she), 'Tis only Monsieur de Sevignie you see, who has left his chamber this morning for the


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 first time; do pray come in, and wish him joy of his recovery; he will be very glad I am sure to see you."

"Permit me, Madam (said de Sevignie, who on her first appearance had risen, though with evident tremor and difficulty), permit me, Madam, (advancing to her) at least to have an opportunity of thanking you for your humane attention to a stranger. Oh, to the daughter suffer me to express what to the father I am forbade—my warm, my fervent sense of the obligations which both have conferred upon me."

"You rate much too highly, sir (said Madeline, raising her eyes from the ground), any little attentions we had the power of paying you."

"See, Monsieur (cried Janette, taking the basket from Madeline's arm, and uncovering it), how good Mam'selle is to you, what nice things she has brought you: do pray come in, Mam'selle, and take some refreshment; Monsieur, I dare say, will be very glad to have you sit a bit with him."


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 "Glad," repeated he with energy, while his eyes were fastened upon Madeline; "that were a poor expression indeed for what I should feel if I were so highly honoured."

The words of Janette, and the looks of de Sevignie, heightened the blushes which had already overspread the beautiful cheeks of Madeline.—"I cannot stop another minute," said she, confused, and turning to Janette as if solely to address her.

"Well, I am sorry that you can't (replied Janette); but before you go, won't you tell Monsieur how happy you are at his recovery."

"I am very—happy indeed (said she with some hesitation), that he is so well.—Adieu, sir (again glancing at Sevignie, whose eyes eloquently expressed his wishes that she would comply with the request of Janette, though diffidence and timidity prevented his seconding it); adieu, sir, I trust you will soon be perfectly recovered." She then, without waiting for him to speak, hurried to the


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 outer room, followed by Janette—"I assure you, Mam'selle (said she), if you had sat a little while with Monsieur, you would have liked him vastly, he is so gentle and good-humoured; did you observe what a beautiful smile he has?"

"Yes—no," answered Madeline moving to the door.

"Do you know, Mam'selle, (cried Janette, still following) I was obliged to restore the little picture; he enquired so particularly about it, and seemed so uneasy at the idea of losing it, that I could not find in my heart to keep it from him."

As Madeline walked back, she regretted the confusion she had betrayed at the sight of de Sevignie, which she feared he might impute to a consciousness of his sentiments towards her; and his wish of concealing them was so obvious, that the idea of being suspected of knowing them, shocked her beyond measure. She therefore resolved, if ever they again met, to have a better guard


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 "Because I follow my own inclination, and I'm not inclined to."

It was useless. She went upstairs, and told Hilda the upshot.

"Better get away tomorrow," said Hilda, "and let him come to his senses."

So Connie spent half the night packing her really private and personal effects. In the morning she had her trunks sent to the station, without telling Clifford. She decided to see him only to say good bye, before lunch.

But she spoke to Mrs. Bolton.

"I must say good bye to you, Mrs. Bolton, you know why. But I can trust you not to talk."

"Oh, you can trust me, your Ladyship, though it's a sad blow for us here, indeed. But I hope you'll be happy with the other gentleman."

"The other gentleman! It's Mr. Mellors, and I care for him. Sir Clifford knows. But don't say anything to anybody. And if one day you think Sir Clifford may be willing to divorce me, let me know, will you? I should like to be properly married to the man I care for."

"I'm sure you would, my Lady! Oh, you can trust me. I'll be faithful to Sir Clifford, and I'll be faithful to you, for I can see you're both right in your own ways."

"Thank you! And look! I want to give you this—may I?—" So Connie left Wragby once more, and went on with Hilda to Scotland. Mellors went into the country and got work on a farm. The idea was, he should get his divorce, if possible, whether Connie got hers or not. And for six months he should work at farming, so that eventually he and Connie could have some small farm of their own, into which he could put his energy. For he would have to have some work, even hard work, to do, and he would have to make his own living, even if her capital started him.

So they would have to wait till spring was in, till the baby was born, till the early summer came round again. The Grange Farm, Old Heanor, 29 September. "I got on here with a bit of contriving, because I knew Richards, the company engineer, in the army. It is a farm belonging to Butler


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 over her feelings, to endeavour to remove such a suspicion if it really existed.

Her resolution was however easier to plan than to carry into effect; for when, on the second day after her interview with him, of which she informed her father, Clermont ushered him into the parlour where she sat at work; she suddenly rose from her chair with an emotion that rendered her for some minutes incapable of speaking.

"You and my daughter have already met (said Clermont to him); any introduction is therefore unnecessary. Madeline, my love (addressing her), I am sure you will feel happy at Monsieur de Sevignie's being able to come abroad again, and at his kind intention of devoting this, his first day of recovered health, to our gratification."

"I shall indeed, sir," said Madeline bowing.

The eloquent eyes of de Sevignie seemed to thank her for this assurance. Clermont


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Rh

EFORE we enter on the Examination of our Historical Sketch, it may be proper to remark, that by the word Tablature (for which we have yet no name in English, besides the general one of Picture) we denote, according to the original word, a Work not only distinct from a mere Portraiture, but from all those wilder sorts of Painting which are in a manner absolute, and independent; such as the Paintings in Fresco upon the Walls, the Cielings, the Stair-Cases, III.


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Rh ,

HIS Letter comes to your Lordship, accompany'd with a small Writing intitled : for such alone can that Piece deservedly be call'd, which aspires no higher than to the forming of a Project, and that too in so vulgar a Science as Painting. But whatever the Subject be, if it can prove any way entertaining to you, it will sufficiently answer my Design. And if possibly it may have that good success, I shou'd have no ordinary opinion of my Project; since I know how hard it wou'd be to give your Lordship a real Entertainment of any thing which was not in some respect; worthy and useful. Rh


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 the world that any one would have fallen in love with, with that old green coat you used to wear—I can see it now—and twenty-five pesetas a week in the Court of Claims. Didn't my parents take me away for a whole summer to Escorial so that I could get you out of my head? But I could not. No, I was young and foolish then, and I loved you, I loved you out of pity like… like… Desdemona loved Othello!

. I know, Josefina, I know. If I ever doubted for one moment, if I have ever ceased to merit your affection

. I remember the first present I ever gave you—half a dozen linen pocket-handkerchiefs to replace that old cotton towel you used to carry and pull out whenever you had a cold. Ay! How it used to mortify me! And in those days you always had a cold.

. I know, my dear, I know. You were so thoughtful, so providing…

. And after we were married, in times of trial and privation, who was it who was the first to economize, to cut herself down? I was. Didn't we go for whole months without a maid, without any servant in the house whatever? And I was laundress and cook, and I helped you translate feuilletons from the French, although they might better have been left untranslated, and I made all my clothes for two years myself so as to appear decently and spend as little upon them as possible, and made them all alike so that nobody could tell when I had new ones, though I never had any, and the worst that you ever heard me say in all that time was that another man in your place would have acted differently, that he wouldn't have been a good-for-nothing, that he would not have behaved himself like an ass! But you never heard me complain. And now you repay all my sacrifices by telling me that I cannot understand anything


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 made him take a seat by her; and her confusion gradually subsiding, they soon entered into conversation. The situation, simplicity, and ornaments of the cottage were pleasing themes to de Sevignie; the latter he particularly admired, perhaps from knowing they were Madeline's performances; and Clermont listened with unspeakable delight to the praises bestowed upon the taste and ingenuity of his daughter, nor could he forbear, with the pride so natural to a paternal heart, joining in them.

"Yet, 'tis not so much from the beauty of these works that I derive my pleasure (said Clermont) as from the consideration of their being specimens of a taste which will always furnish my child with agreeable employment, and prevent her from feeling that most disagreeable of all sensations, weariness of herself: but excuse me, my love (seeing a blush steal over the cheek of Madeline), for speaking as I have done; modest merit I know always shrinks from public praise. Monsieur de Sevignie


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 will also I hope have the goodness to pardon me; to speak of what we love, is a foible we are all, particularly a parent, liable to; and some years hence, when he is himself perhaps a parent, he will be able to make allowances for its being indulged."

"You do not know my heart (said de Sevignie, with warmth), or you would not suppose I could not now make these allowances:—cold and unfeeling indeed should I consider that soul which was not proud, which did not boast of, such a treasure as you possess."

After dinner, when the heat of the sun had declined, they walked out to the garden; and from thence ascended by an easy path to the summit of the hill which overlooked it, to enjoy the lovely prospect and the fresh breeze that played around so delightful after the oppressive warmth of an autumnal day.


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 Immediately before them, they could only see the white chimneys of the cottages rising amidst embowering groves; but, on either side, they commanded a full view of the valley, o'er which the sober colouring of closing day was already spread, heightening the gloomy solemnity of its hanging woods, and giving a deeper tint of green to the smooth and sloping banks of the stream which, now clear and beautifully serene, reflected, as in a glass, those sloping banks, the neat cottages, the waving woods, that rose above them, and the blue firmament, yet marked by the glories of the setting sun; whilst beside it lay its ruminating herds, and all around was silence, as if nature and her works were hushed to repose by the declining hour.

"How delicious is this prospect (said de Sevignie, in a voice of rapture)! the eye could never be tired of it; yet is its tranquillity even more pleasing to the mind, than its beauties to the eye."


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 him: and the Lord shut him in on the outside

And the flood was forty days upon the earth: and the waters increased, and lifted up the ark on high from the earth.

For they overflowed exceedingly: and filled all on the face of the earth: And the ark was carried upon the waters.

And the waters prevailed beyond measure upon the earth: and all the high mountains under the whole heaven were covered.

The water was fifteen cubits higher than the mountains, which it covered.

And all flesh was destroyed that moved upon the earth, both of fowl, and of cattle, and of beasts, and of all creeping things that creep upon the earth: and all men,

And all things, wherein there is the breath of life on the earth, died.

And he destroyed all the substance, that was upon the earth, from man even to beast, and the creeping things and fowls of the air: and they were destroyed from the earth: and Noe only remained, and they that were with him in the ark.

And the waters prevailed upon the earth a hundred and fifty days.

''The deluge ceaseth. Noe goeth out of the ark, and offereth sacrifice. God’s covenant to him.''

ND God remembred Noe, and all the living creatures, and all the cattle which were with him in the ark, and brought a wind upon the earth, and the waters were abated.

The fountains also of the deep, and the flood-gates of heaven, were shut up: and the rain from heaven was restrained.

And the waters returned from off the earth going and coming: and they began to be abated after a hundred and fifty days.

And the ark rested in the seventh month, the seven and twentieth day of the month, upon the mountains of Armenia.

And the waters were going and decreasing until the tenth month: for in the tenth month, the first day of the month, the tops of the mountains appeared.

And after that forty days were passed, Noe opening the window of the ark, which he had made, sent forth a raven.