text:
Woo'd and married and a'

 * "Woo'd an' married an' a", anonymous (The bride came out of the byre)
 * "Woo'd and married and a'" by Joanna Baillie (The bride she is winsome and bonnie)

title: Woo'd and married and a'


text:
Page:The Works of H G Wells Volume 11.pdf/116

 Ages ago, and for long ages, there stretched continuous land connections from Africa to Europe. Then the instinct was formed; the birds flew over land from the heated south to the northern summer to build and breed. Slowly age by age the seas crept over those necks of land. Those linking tracts have been broken now for a hundred thousand years, and yet over a constantly widening sea, in which myriads perish exhausted, instinct, blind and pitiless, still drives those birds. And again think of those vain urgencies for some purpose long since forgotten, that drive the swarming lemmings to their fate. And look at man, your evolution's crown; consider his want of balance, the invalidism of his women, the extravagant disproportion of his desires. Consider the Record of the Rocks honestly and frankly, and where can you trace this crescendo you suggest? There have been great ages of marvellous tree-ferns and wonderful forest swamps, and all those glorious growths have died. They did not go on; they reached a climax and died; another sort of plant succeeded them. Then think of all that wonderful fauna of the Mesozoic times, the age of Leviathan; the theriodonts, reptilian beasts, the leaping dinosaurs, the mososaurs and suchlike monsters of the deep, the bat-winged pterodactyls, the plesiosaurs and ichthyosaurs. Think of the marvels of the Mesozoic seas; the thousands of various ammonites, the wealth of fish life. Across all that world of life swept death, as the wet fingers of a child wipe a drawing from a slate. They left no descendants, they clambered to a vast variety and complexity and ceased. The dawn

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/393

 Mr. Pickwick did not quite understand the last item of description, but, comprehending the first, said "Yes" at a venture.

"T'other's a black-haired chap in mulberry livery, with wery large head?"

"Yes, yes, he is," said Mr. Pickwick and Sam, with great earnestness.

"Then I know where they are, and that's all about it," said Mr. Weller; "they're at Ipswich, safe enough, them two."

"No!" said Mr. Pickwick.

"Fact," said Mr. Weller, "and I'll tell you how I know it. I work an Ipswich coach now and then for a friend o' mine. I worked down the wery day arter the night as you caught the rheumatiz, and at the Black Boy at Chelmsford—the wery place they'd come to—I took 'em up, right through to Ipswich, where the man servant—him in the mulberries—told me they was a goin' to put up for a long time."

"I'll follow him," said Mr. Pickwick; "we may as well see Ipswich as any other place. I'll follow him."

"You're quite certain it was them, governor?" inquired Mr. Weller, junior.

"Quite, Sammy, quite," replied his father, replied his father, "for their appearance is wery sing'ler; besides that 'ere, I wondered to see the gen'lm'n so formiliar with his servant; and, more than that, as they sat in front, right behind the box, I heerd 'em laughing, and saying how they'd done old Fireworks."

"Old who?" said Mr. Pickwick.

"Old Fireworks, sir; by which, I've no doubt, they meant you, sir."

There is nothing positively vile or atrocious in the appellation of "old Fireworks," but still it is by no means a respectful or flattering designation. The recollection of all the wrongs he had sustained at Jingle's hands had crowded on Mr. Pickwick's mind, the moment Mr. Weller began to speak it wanted but a feather to turn the scale, and "old Fireworks" did it.


text: The Amulet for 1826/Stanzas by L. E. L.

title: The Amulet for 1826/Stanzas by L. E. L.


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/392

 "Don't she, though?" inquired Mr. Weller junior.

The elder Mr. Weller shook his head, as he replied with a sigh, "I've done it once too often, Sammy; I've done it once too often. Take example by your father, my boy, and be wery careful o' widders all your life, specially if they've kept a public-house, Sammy." Having delivered this parental advice with great pathos, Mr. Weller senior re-filled his pipe from a tin box he carried in his pocket, and, lighting his fresh pipe from the ashes of the old one, commenced smoking at a great rate.

"Beg your pardon, sir," he said, renewing the subject, and addressing Mr. Pickwick, after a considerable pause, "nothin' personal, I hope, sir; I hope you han't got a widder, sir."

"Not I," replied Mr. Pickwick, laughing; and while Mr. Pickwick laughed, Sam Weller informed his parent in a whisper, of the relation in which he stood towards that gentleman.

"Beg your pardon, sir," said Mr. Weller, senior, taking off his hat, "I hope you've no fault to find with Sammy, sir?"

"None whatever," said Mr. Pickwick.

"Wery glad to hear it, sir," replied the old man; "I took a good deal o' pains with his eddication, sir; let him run in the streets when he was wery young, and shift for his-self. It's the only way to make a boy sharp, sir."

"Rather a dangerous process, I should imagine," said Mr. Pickwick, with a smile.

"And not a wery sure one, neither," added Mr. Weller; "I got reg'larly done the other day."

"No!" said his father.

"I did," said the son; and he proceeded to relate, in as few words as possible, how he had fallen a ready dupe to the stratagems of Job Trotter.

Mr. Weller senior listened to the tale with the most profound attention, and, at its termination, said:

"Worn't one o' these chaps slim and tall, with long hair, and the gift o' the gab wery gallopin'?"


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/391

 half-dozen puffs with an air of profound meditation and look at them again. At last the stout man, putting up his legs on the seat, and leaning his back against the wall, began to puff at his pipe without leaving off at all, and to stare through the smoke at the new comers, as if he had made up his mind to see the most he could of them.

At first the evolutions of the stout man had escaped Mr. Weller's observation, but by degrees, as he saw Mr. Pickwick's eyes every now and then turning towards him, he began to gaze in the same direction, at the same time shading his eyes with his hand, as if he partially recognised the object before him, and wished to make quite sure of its identity. His doubts were speedily dispelled, however; for the stout man having blown a thick cloud from his pipe, a hoarse voice, like some strange effort of ventriloquism, emerged from beneath the capacious shawls which muffled his throat and chest, and slowly uttered these sounds—"Wy, Sammy!"

"Who's that, Sam?" inquired Mr. Pickwick.

"Why, I wouldn't ha' believed it, sir," replied Mr. Weller with astonished eyes. "It's the old 'un."

"Old one," said Mr. Pickwick. "What old one?"

"My father, sir," replied Mr. Weller. "How are you, my ancient?" With which beautiful ebullition of filial affection, Mr. Weller made room on the seat beside him, for the stout man, who advanced pipe in mouth and pot in hand, to greet him.

"Wy, Sammy," said the father, "I han't seen you, for two year and better."

"Nor more you have, old codger," replied the son. "How's mother in law?"

"Wy, I'll tell you what, Sammy," said Mr. Weller, senior, with much solemnity in his manner; "there never was a nicer woman as a widder, than that 'ere second wentur o' mine—a sweet creetur she was, Sammy; all I can say on her now, is, that as she was such an uncommon pleasant widder, it's a great pity she ever changed her con-dition. She don't act as a vife, Sammy."


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/390

 to wonder where they were going, when his master turned round, and said:

"Sam, I will go immediately to Mr. Perker's."

"That's just exactly the wery place vere you ought to have gone last night, sir," replied Mr. Weller.

"I think it is, Sam," said Mr. Pickwick.

"I know it is," said Mr. Weller.

"Well, well, Sam," replied Mr. Pickwick, we will go there at once, but first, as I have been rather ruffled, I should like a glass of brandy and water warm, Sam. Where can I have it, Sam?"

Mr. Weller's knowledge of London was extensive and peculiar. He replied, without the slightest consideration:

"Second court on the right hand side—last house but vun on the same side the vay—take the box as stands in the first fire-place, 'cos there an't no leg in the middle o' the table, wich all the others has, and it's wery inconwenient."

Mr. Pickwick observed his valet's directions implicitly, and bidding Sam follow him, entered the tavern he had pointed out, where the hot brandy and water was speedily placed before him; while Mr. Weller, seated at a respectful distance, though at the same table with his master, was accommodated with a pint of porter.

The room was one of a very homely description, and was apparently under the especial patronage of stage coachmen: for several gentlemen, who had all the appearance of belonging to that learned profession, were drinking and smoking in the different boxes. Among the number was one stout, red-faced, elderly man in particular, seated in an opposite box, who attracted Mr. Pickwick's attention. The stout man was smoking with great vehemence, but between every half-dozen puffs, he took his pipe from his mouth, and looked first at Mr. Weller and then at Mr. Pickwick. Then, he would bury in a quart pot, as much of his countenance as the dimensions of the quart pot admitted of its receiving, and take another look at Sam and Mr. Pickwick. Then he would take another


text:
Page:Tristan and Iseult (Belloc 1914).djvu/7

Drawn from the best French Sources and Re-told by J. Bédier Tristan and Iseult - Bedier tr. Belloc (1914) - printer's ornament.png Rendered into English by H. Belloc

New York Dodd, Mead & Company 1914


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/389

 sir, that of all the disgraceful and rascally proceedings that ever were attempted, this is the most so. I repeat it, sir."

"You hear that, Mr. Wicks?" said Dodson.

"You won't forget these expressions, Mr. Jackson?" said Fogg.

"Perhaps you would like to call us swindlers, sir," said Dodson. "Pray do, sir, if you feel disposed; now pray do, sir."

"I do," said Mr. Pickwick. "You are swindlers."

"Very good," said Dodson. "You can hear down there, I hope, Mr. Wicks?"

"Oh yes, sir," said Wicks.

"You had better come up a step or two higher, if you can't," added Mr. Fogg. "Go on, sir; do go on. You had better call us thieves, sir; or perhaps you would like to assault one of us. Pray do it, sir, if you would; we will not make the smallest resistance. Pray do it, sir."

As Fogg put himself very temptingly within the reach Mr. Pickwick's clenched fist, there is little doubt that that gentleman would have complied with his earnest entreaty, but for the interposition of Sam, who, hearing the dispute, emerged from the office, mounted the stairs, and seized his master by the arm.

"You just come avay," said Mr. Weller. "Battledore and shuttlecock's a wery good game, vhen you an't the shuttlecock and two lawyers the battledores, in which case it gets too excitin' to be pleasant. Come avay, sir. If you want to ease your mind by blowing up somebody, come out into the court and blow up me; but it's rayther too expensive work to be carried on here."

And without the slightest ceremony, Mr. Weller hauled his master down the stairs, and down the court, and having safely deposited him in Cornhill, fell behind, prepared to follow whithersoever he should lead.

Mr. Pickwick walked on abstractedly, crossed opposite the Mansion House, and bent his steps up Cheapside. Sam began


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/388

 "Understand, sir? That you certainly may," replied Dodson, with something as near a smile as his importance would allow.

"And that the damages are actually laid at fifteen hundred pounds?" said Mr. Pickwick.

"To which understanding you may add my assurance, that if we could have prevailed upon our client, they would have been laid at treble the amount, sir:" replied Dodson.

"I believe Mrs. Bardell specially said, however," observed Fogg, glancing at Dodson, "that she would not compromise for a farthing less."

"Unquestionably," replied Dodson, sternly. For the action was only just begun; and it wouldn't have done to let Mr. Pickwick compromise it then, even if he had been so disposed.

"As you offer no terms, sir," said Dodson, displaying a slip of parchment in his right hand, and affectionately pressing a paper copy of it, on Mr. Pickwick with his left, "I had better serve you with a copy of this writ, sir. Here is the original, sir."

"Very well, gentlemen, very well," said Mr. Pickwick, rising in person and wrath at the same time; "you shall hear from my solicitor, gentlemen."

"We shall be very happy to do so," said Fogg, rubbing his hands.

"Very," said Dodson, opening the door.

"And before I go, gentlemen," said the excited Mr. Pickwick, turning round on the landing, "permit me to say, that of all the disgraceful and rascally proceedings—"

"Stay, sir, stay," interposed Dodson, with great politeness. "Mr. Jackson! Mr. Wicks!"

"Sir," said the two clerks, appearing at the bottom of the stairs.

"I merely want you to hear what this gentleman says," replied Dodson. Pray, go on, sir—disgraceful and rascally proceedings, I think you said?"

"I did," said Mr. Pickwick, thoroughly roused. "I said,


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/387

 by the statement of our client. That statement, sir, may be true, or it may be false; it may be credible, or it may be incredible; but, if it be true, and if it be credible, I do not hesitate to say, sir, that our grounds of action, sir, are strong, and not to be shaken. You may be an unfortunate man, sir, or you may be a designing one; but if I were called upon, as a juryman upon my oath, sir, to express an opinion of your conduct, sir, I do not hesitate to assert that I should have but one opinion about it." Here Dodson drew himself up, with an air of offended virtue, and looked at Fogg, who thrust his hands further in his pockets, and, nodding his head sagely, said, in a tone of the fullest concurrence, "Most certainly."

"Well, sir," said Mr. Pickwick, with considerable pain depicted in his countenance, "you will permit me to assure you, that I am a most unfortunate man, so far as this case is concerned."

"I hope you are, sir," replied Dodson; "I trust you may be, sir. If you are really innocent of what is laid to your charge, you are more unfortunate than I had believed any man could possibly be. What do you say, Mr. Fogg?"

"I say precisely what you say," replied Fogg, with a smile of incredulity.

"The writ, sir, which commences the action," continued Dodson, "was issued regularly. Mr. Fogg, where is the præcipe book?"

"Here it is," said Fogg, handing over a square book, with a parchment cover.

"Here is the entry," resumed Dodson. Middlesex, Capias Martha Bardell, widow, v. Samuel Pickwick. Damages, £1500. Dodson and Fogg for the plaintiff, Aug. 28, 1830.' All regular, sir; perfectly." Dodson coughed and looked at Fogg, who said "Perfectly," also. And then they both looked at Mr. Pickwick.

"I am to understand, then," said Mr. Pickwick, "that it really is your intention to proceed with this action?"


text:
Page:The Works of H G Wells Volume 11.pdf/117

 of the Eocene was the bleak dawn of a denuded world. Crescendo if you will, but thereafter diminuendo, pianissimo. And then once again from fresh obscure starting-points far down the stem life swelled, and swelled again, only to dwindle. The world we live in to-day is a meagre spectacle beside the abundance of the earlier Tertiary time, when Behemoth in a thousand forms, Deinotherium, Titanotherium, Helladotherium, sabre-toothed tiger, a hundred sorts of elephant, and the like, pushed through the jungles that are now this mild world of to-day. Where is that crescendo now? Crescendo! Through those long ages our ancestors were hiding under leaves and climbing into trees to be out of the way of the crescendo. As the motif of a crescendo they sang exceedingly small. And now for a little while the world is ours, and we wax in our turn. To what good? To what end? Tell me, you who say the world is good, tell me the end. How can we escape at last the common fate under the darkling sky of a frozen world?"

He paused for some moments, weary with speaking.

"There is no comfort," he said, "in the flowers or the stars; no assurance in the past and no sure hope in the future. There is nothing but the God of faith and courage in the hearts of men And He gives no sign of power, no earnest of victory He gives no sign"

Whereupon Sir Eliphaz breathed the word: "Immortality!"

"Let me say a word or two upon Immortality," said Sir Eliphaz, breaking suddenly into eagerness,


text:
Page:Pentagon-Papers-Part IV. C. 2. a.djvu/73

Rh

D. The Aftermath of Honolulu.

The importance of combining appearances of a firm posture with efforts to reduce public doubts on U.S. interests in Southeast Asia apparently struck a responsive chord in the White House. In the military area, the President apparently recognized the need for more and better information, but did not convey a sense of urgency regarding its acquisition. Possibly just following the meeting, Secretary McNamara expressed his wish to discuss North Vietnamese targets and troop movement capabilities with the JCS on 8 June. The following day, he communicated interest to the Joint Staff in obtaining "facts and statistics" on Haiphong harbor traffic; existing plans for mining the harbor; impacts of such operations on different import categories; and alternative DRV importation facilities. On the other hand, non-committing military actions which could improve our image in Southeast Asia were given immediate approval. On the same day he received the request for Haiphong mining information, the Director of the Joint Staff informed the Army of a McNamara directive calling for "immediate action...by the Army to improve the effectiveness and readiness status of its materiel prestocked for possible use in Southeast Asia." Specifically, the Secretary ordered (1) augmenting the stockage at Korat, in Thailand, to support a ROAD Infantry Brigade and (2) giving first priority at the Okinawa Army Forward Depot to stocking non-air-transportable equipment required by an airlifted ROAD Infantry Brigade. In keeping with the Administration's current policy rationale, the augmentation of contingency war stocks in Thailand was given extensive press coverage.

In non-military areas, the President apparently encouraged further examination of the vital issues which impacted on national commitment and public support. Soon after the 3 June meeting, work was begun under State" Department guidance to assemble information in answer to some of the prevalent public questions on Southeast Asian involvement. For example, on 10 June, the Department of Defense was asked to furnish responses to 27 questions developed in State, as a fall-out of the discussions in Honolulu. Similar questions became a frequent focus for interdepartmental correspondence and meetings in the coming weeks. Paralleling this effort was an examination of the desirability of requesting a Congressional resolution. On the same day that OSD received State's request to furnish information, an interagency meeting was held to discuss the implications which a resolution would have for the U.S. policy position and the public rationale which its acceptance would demand. The relative advantages of having or not having a resolution were also considered.

To supplement recommendations coming from Honolulu, the President apparently sought additional guidance to help sort out the alternatives available to him. Soon after receiving reports from the Honolulu conference, he sent a request to Walt Rostow to prepare a public statement for him, detailing a Governmental view of U.S. policy and commitments in Southeast Asia. As most likely expected, the rationale and discussion which resulted took a more aggressive approach than the prevailing views at Honolulu and were not used. In fact, President Johnson did not deliver Rh


text: The Modern Review/Volume 44

title: The Modern Review/Volume 44


text:
Page:Journal of Conversations with Lord Byron.pdf/88

 tonishing his hearers, he affected to despise and ridicule them.

From this period we saw Lord Byron frequently; he met us in our rides nearly every day, and the road to Nervi became our favorite promenade. While riding by the sea-shore, he often recurred to the events of his life, mingling sarcasms on himself with bitter pleasantries against others. He dined often with us, and sometimes came after dinner, as he complained that he suffered from indulging at our repasts, as animal food disagreed with him. He added, that even the excitement of society, though agreeable and exhilarating at the time, left a nervous irritation, that prevented sleep or occupation for many hours afterwards.

I once spoke to him, by the desire of his medical adviser, on the necessity of his accustoming himself to a more nutritious regimen; but declared that, if he did, he should get fat and stupid, and that it was only by abstinence that he felt he had the power of exercising his mind. He complained of being spoiled for society, by having so long lived out of it; and said that, though naturally of a quick apprehension, he latterly felt himself dull and stupid. The impression left on my mind is, that Byron never could have been a brilliant person in society, and that


text:
Page:Pentagon-Papers-Part IV. C. 2. a.djvu/74

Rh

a major policy address during the coming weeks, relying on news conferences and speeches by other officials to state the official view. In contrast to the Rostow approach, his news conference of 23 June and Secretary Rusk's speech at Williams College, 14 June, emphasized the U.S. determination to support its Southeast Asian allies, but avoided any direct challenge to Hanoi and Peking or any hint of intent to increase our military commitment.

In addition, the President asked his advisers the basic question, "Would the rest of Southeast Asia necessarily fall if Laos and South Vietnam came under North Vietnamese control?" On 9 June, the Board of National Estimates, CIA, provided a response, stating:

""With the possible exception of Cambodia, it is likely that no nation in the area would quickly succumb to communism as a result of the fall of Laos and South Vietnam. Furthermore, a continuation of the spread of communism in the area would not be inexorable, and any spread which did occur would take time -- time in which the total situation might change in any of a number of ways unfavorable to the communist cause.""

The statement went on to argue that the loss of South Vietnam and Laos "would be profoundly damaging to the U.S. position in the Far Bast," because of its impact on U.S. prestige and on the credibility of our other commitments to contain the spread of communism. It did not suggest that such a loss would affect the wider U.S. interest in containing overt military attacks. Our island base, it argued, would probably still enable us to employ enough military power in the area to deter Hanoi and Peking from this kind of aggression. It cautioned, however, that the leadership in Peking (as well as Hanoi) would profit directly by being able to justify its militant policies with demonstrated success and by having raised "its prestige as a leader of World Communism" at the expense of the more moderate USSR.

E. Sources of Moderate Advice

The strength of the Board's warning was weakened by two significant caveats. The first linked the estimate's less-than-alarmist view to a clearly "worst case":

""This memorandum assumes a clear-cut communist victory in these countries, i.e ., a withdrawal of U.S. forces and virtual elimination of U.S. presence in Indochina, either preceded or soon followed by the establishment of communist regimes in Laos and South Vietnam. The results of a fuzzier, piecemeal victory, such as one staged through a 'neutralist' phase, would probably be similar, though somewhat less sharp and severe."" Rh


text: Page:The Mystery of the Blue Train.pdf/13


text:
Page:NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SURVEY 18; CZECHOSLOVAKIA; THE SOCIETY CIA-RDP01-00707R000200110015-7.pdf/28

 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2009/06/16: CIA-RDP01-00707R000200110015-7

strengthened religious toleration and freedom of conscience and formed the legal basis of all religious activities in Bohemia and Moravia until 1949.

After the creation of the republic in 1918, the Roman Catholic Church lost many members and much of its strong influence in national affairs in the popular reaction against its close relations with the former Hapsburg rulers. Between 1918 and 1921 the Church lost an estimated 1,400,000 of its members in Bohemia and Moravia, about half of them joining the newly established Czechoslovak National Church or other Protestant churches and the other half remaining without any religious affiliation. Through a modus vivendi finally concluded between the government and the Vatican in 1928, whereby ecclesiastical jurisdictions were changed and the Vatican agreed to submit its appointments to certain Church positions to prior approval of the government, the Catholic Church once again became an influential force in national life. Its power was not confined to the religious sphere; it was also exercised through the Catholic political parties, labor unions, sports clubs, and charitable and educational institutions.

Despite the departure after World War II of some 3 million Germans, 90% of whom were Catholic according to the 1930 census (the latest official information on religious affiliation), and of almost 100,000 Hungarians, 63% of whom were Catholic in 1930, most estimates currently place the Roman Catholic population at about 10 million, or about 70% of the total population. The Catholic Church is divided until two archdioceses and 12 dioceses. There is no archdiocese in Slovakia; Slovak bishops are still technically subordinate to the Hungarian archdiocese of Esztergom.

Following the Communist takeover in 1948, the regime launched a massive campaign to bring the churches under complete state control. This campaign was directed mainly against the Catholic Church, which the regime sought to shape into a pliable instrument of domestic and foreign policy. The Communists viewed the church as an obstacle to the development of socialism and regarded the Vatican as virtually a foreign enemy—the headquarters and espionage center of "world clergy" in the service of the capitalist powers.

From 1948 until the fall of Novotny in January 1968, the regime was dedicated to the eventual dissolution of all organized religion and all vestiges of religious feeling. For political expediency, the regime at first was content merely to weaken the church's authority and maintained a relatively conciliatory attitude calculated to elicit compliance and cooperation. The bishops resisted regime tactics, however, and the Communists responded by launching an all-out offensive against all religious communities but mainly against the predominant Catholic Church. Legislation was enacted giving the state financial control and power of appointment over the clergy. Those clergymen refusing to bow were expelled from church activities, deported, or jailed, including the Archbishop of Prague, Jesef Beran, who was to spend 14 years in prison. The regime recruited its own group of "patriotic priests" to fill the vacancies and set up the Catholic Clergy for Peace as a front. Religious orders were liquidated, monasteries were closed, citizens were pressured into leaving the church, and atheism was introduced as a formal subject in the schools. Although forced into submission, the church remained for many people a symbol of resistance to communism.

Throughout the 1950's the regime conducted an antireligious propaganda campaign designed to accelerate their "cultural revolution" and the development of the "Socialist man." As a result of their conversion into state-supervised organizations, the churches became economically dependent on the state and were governed by officials loyal to the regime. In addition, the churches were forced to propagate and support various policies such as collectivization of agriculture and the "peace campaigns." At the same time they were not permitted to propagate or defend religion outside the churches or to contest the antireligious propaganda and activities of the regime.

As the demands for liberalization and change swept across Czechoslovakia in the early 1960's, the regime appeared to be seeking a new accommodation with the Catholic Church. This development stemmed in part from the general easing of tensions between the Vatican and the Communist countries of Eastern Europe, fostered by the late Pope John XXIII, and the confidence of the Prague regime that the church posed no great threat to stability. Moreover, the regime wanted to improve its image internally and abroad. In addition to toning down antireligious propaganda, the regime permitted a Czechoslovak Catholic delegation to attend the Second Vatican Council beginning in 1962 and facilitated the transfer of Archbishop Beran to Rome in 1963 after his 14 years of detention.

The sociopolitical reformation of the mid-1960's and the promise of a new era in relations between church and state aroused optimism among church officials who hoped for an atmosphere under which religion and communism could coexist. In addition to replacing conservative government officials respon-

22

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2009/06/16: CIA-RDP01-00707R000200110015-7


text:
Page:The Mystery of the Blue Train.pdf/14

viii


text: Page:The Modern Review Vol 44 (July-Dec. 1928).djvu/2


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/386

 "Ask him to step here."

"Yes, sir." Exit Jackson.

"Take a seat, sir," said Fogg; "there is the paper, sir; my partner will be here directly, and we can converse about this matter, sir."

Mr. Pickwick took a seat and the paper, but instead of reading the latter, peeped over the top of it, and took a survey of the man of business, who was an elderly, pimply-faced, vegetable-diet sort of man, in a black coat, dark mixture trousers, and small black gaiters; a kind of being who seemed to be an essential part of the desk at which he was writing, and to have as much thought or sentiment.

After a few minutes' silence, Mr. Dodson, a plump, portly, stern-looking man, with a loud voice, appeared; and the conversation commenced.

"This is Mr. Pickwick," said Fogg.

"Ah! You are the defendant, sir, in Bardell and Pickwick?" said Dodson.

"I am, sir," replied Mr. Pickwick.

"Well, sir," said Dodson, "and what do you propose?"

"Ah!" said Fogg, thrusting his hands into his trousers' pockets, and throwing himself back in his chair, "what do you propose, Mr. Pickwick?"

"Hush, Fogg," said Dodson, "let me hear what Mr. Pickwick has to say."

"I came, gentlemen," said Mr. Pickwick, gazing placidly on the two partners, "I came here, gentlemen, to express the surprise with which I received your letter of the other day, and to inquire what grounds of action you can have against me."

"Grounds of—" Fogg had ejaculated this much, when he was stopped by Dodson.

"Mr. Fogg," said Dodson, "I am going to speak."

"I beg your pardon, Mr. Dodson," said Fogg.

"For the grounds of moral elevation in his action, sir," continued Dodson, with air, "you will consult your own conscience and your own feelings. We, sir, we, are guided entirely


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/385

 "I'll see," said Wicks, dismounting leisurely from his stool. "What name shall I tell Mr. Fogg?"

"Pickwick," replied the illustrious subject of these memoirs. Mr. Jackson departed up stairs on his errand, and immediately returned with a message that Mr. Fogg would see Mr. Pickwick in five minutes; and having delivered it, returned again to his desk.

"What did he say his name was?" whispered Wicks.

"Pickwick," replied Jackson; "it's the defendant in Bardell and Pickwick."

A sudden scraping of feet, mingled with the sound of suppressed laughter, was heard from behind the partition.

"They're a twiggin' of you, sir," whispered Mr. Weller.

"Twigging of me, Sam!" replied Mr. Pickwick; "what do you mean by twigging me?"

Mr. Weller replied by pointing with his thumb over his shoulder, and Mr. Pickwick, on looking up, became sensible of the pleasing fact, that all the four clerks, with countenances expressive of the utmost amusement, and with their heads thrust over the wooden screen, were minutely inspecting the figure and general appearance of the supposed trifler with female hearts, and disturber of female happiness. On his looking up, the row of heads suddenly disappeared, and the sound of pens travelling at a furious rate over paper, immediately succeeded.

A sudden ring at the bell which hung in the office, summoned Mr. Jackson to the apartment of Fogg, from whence he came back to say that he (Fogg) was ready to see Mr. Pickwick if he would step up stairs.

Up stairs Mr. Pickwick did step accordingly, leaving Sam Weller below. The room door of the one-pair back, bore inscribed in legible characters the imposing words "Mr. Fogg;" and, having tapped thereat, and been desired to come in, Jackson ushered Mr. Pickwick into the presence.

"Is Mr. Dodson in?" inquired Mr. Fogg.

"Just come in, sir," replied Jackson.


text:
Page:Annals of Augusta County.djvu/95

Although the preceding chapter closed so peacefully, the war was not over. In fact the worst part of it was still to come, and for eight years longer there was no peace on the frontiers, and no feeling of security by any of the white settlers west of the Blue Ridge.

It is impossible to relate a tenth part of all the stories of adventure during these stirring times which have come down to us. Many of these are of doubtful authority, and others founded on fact are so marred by mistakes as to time, place, &c., that they have to be omitted. Nobody appears to have cared or thought at the time of making a record of passing events, and in the course of a few generations oral tradition became contradictory and unreliable.

Governor Gilmer and other writers relate that the house of Colonel John Lewis was assailed by Indians on one occasion when the sons and retainers of the family were absent. Though old and infirm. Colonel Lewis is said to have stationed himself at a port-hole and kept up a constant shooting at the Indians, whilst his wife reloaded the guns. His sons and servants hearing the report of guns returned home and drove the Indians off.

As related, this story is inconsistent with the authentic history of the times. It is not probable that any dwelling within two miles of Staunton was ever besieged or assailed by hostile Indians. We know, however, that before war had arisen, parties of Indians often traversed the country, calling at houses, and soliciting, and to some extent demanding, supplies, just as white "tramps" do now-a-days. Very likely, during this time, a party

title: Page:Annals of Augusta County.djvu/95


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/325

 very literally obeyed. Whether his body partook in some degree of the elasticity of his mind, or whether Mr. Weller's notions of a gentle push were of a somewhat rougher description than Mr. Pickwick's, the immediate effect of his assistance was to jerk that immortal gentleman completely over the wall on to the bed beneath, where, after crushing three gooseberry-bushes and a rose-tree, he finally alighted at full length.

"You ha'n't hurt yourself, I hope, sir?" said Sam, in a loud whisper, as soon as he recovered from the surprise consequent upon the mysterious disappearance of his master.

"I have not hurt myself, Sam, certainly," replied Mr. Pickwick, from the other side of the wall, "but I rather think that you have hurt me."

"I hope not, sir," said Sam.

"Never mind," said Mr. Pickwick, rising, "it's nothing but a few scratches. Go away, or we shall be overheard."

"Good-bye, sir."

"Good-bye."

With stealthy steps Sam Weller departed, leaving Mr. Pickwick alone in the garden.

Lights occasionally appeared in the different windows of the house, or glanced from the staircases, as if the inmates were retiring to rest. Not caring to go too near the door, until the appointed time, Mr. Pickwick crouched into an angle of the wall, and awaited its arrival.

It was a situation which might well have depressed the spirits of many a man. Mr. Pickwick, however, felt neither depression nor misgiving. He knew that his purpose was in the main a good one, and he placed implicit reliance on the high-minded Job. It was dull, certainly; not to say, dreary; but a contemplative man can always employ himself in meditation. Mr. Pickwick had meditated himself into a doze, when he was roused by the chimes of the neighbouring church ringing out the hour—half-past eleven.

"That is the time," thought Mr. Pickwick, getting cautiously on his feet. He looked up at the house. The


text:
Page:Journal of Conversations with Lord Byron.pdf/89

 he was not formed for what generally is understood by that term; he has none of the "small change" that passes current in the mart of society; his gold is in ingots, and cannot be brought into use for trifling expenditures; he, however, talks a good deal, and likes to raconter.

Talking of people who were great talkers, he observed that almost all clever people were such, and gave several examples; amongst others, he cited Voltaire, Horace Walpole, Johnson, Napoleon Bonaparte, and Madame de Staël. "But," said he, my friend, Lady -, would have talked them all out of the field. She, I suppose, has heard that all clever people are great talkers, and so has determined on displaying, at least, one attribute of that genus; but her ladyship would do well to recollect, that all great talkers are not clever people - a truism that no one can doubt who has been often in her society."

Lady - "continued Byron, "with beaucoup de ridicule, has many essentially fine qualities; she is independent in her principles - though, by the by, like all Independents, she allows that privilege to few others, being the veriest tyrant that ever governed Fashion's fools, who are compelled to shake their caps and bells as


text:
My Boy Tammy

 * "My Boy Tammy", poem/song by Hector Macneill
 * My Boy Tammy, Scottish chapbook

title: My Boy Tammy


text:
Page:TASJ-1-3.djvu/350

 is rowed along over the moon of the sea-depths? Is it the bush of the man in the moon?”

The fine weather, however, did not continue. The dark clouds which gathered overhead alarmed the master of the junk, and they put back to Murotsu under a pelting shower, and very miserable. Three more wretched days they were obliged to remain here, endeavouring with indifferent success to while away the time by writing Chinese and Japanese verses, and every morning counting the days that had been already spent on the voyage. On the 21st they again proceeded on their way. A large number of other junks sailed at the same time, a pretty sight which was greatly admired by Tsurayuki. “It was spring,” he remarks, “but it seemed as if over the sea the leaves of autumn were being scattered.” The weather was now fine, and they entered what we call the Kii Channel. Here they were disturbed by a fresh cause of anxiety. It seems that Tsurayuki during his term of office in Tosa had had occasion to deal rather severely with the pirates of these parts, and it was thought likely that they would now try to have their revenge. One of the commentators attempts to save Tsurayuki’s reputation for courage by reminding us that this diary is written in the character of a woman. The course of the narrative, however, shows that their alarm was quite genuine, and indeed, to all appearance, well-grounded. Two days later we find them praying to the Kami and Hotoke to save them from the pirates. On the following days there were constant alarms, and on the 26th they heard that the pirates were actually in pursuit of them, so they left their anchorage at midnight, and put to sea. There was a place on their way where it was usual to make offerings to the God of the sea. Tsurayuki made the captain offer nusa. They were offered by being cast into the air, and allowing the wind to carry them to the sea. The nusa fell in an easterly direction, and the junk’s course was turned to the same quarter. To the great joy of

title: Page:TASJ-1-3.djvu/350


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/324

 "You're a soft customer, you are;—we've got it all out o' you, any how," thought Mr. Weller, as Job walked away.

We cannot state the precise nature of the thoughts which passed through Mr. Trotter's mind, because we don't know what they were.

The day wore on, evening came, and a little before ten o'clock Sam Weller reported that Mr. Jingle and Job had gone out together, that their luggage was packed up, and that they had ordered a chaise. The plot was evidently in execution, as Mr. Trotter had foretold.

Half-past ten o'clock arrived, and it was time for Mr. Pickwick to issue forth on his delicate errand. Resisting Sam's tender of his great-coat, in order that he might have no incumbrance in scaling the wall, he set forth, followed by his attendant.

There was a bright moon, but it was behind the clouds. It was a fine dry night, but it was most uncommonly dark. Paths, hedges, fields, houses, and trees, were enveloped in one deep shade. The atmosphere was hot and sultry, the lightning quivered faintly on the verge of the horizon, and was the only sight that varied the dull gloom in which everything was wrapped—sound there was none, except the distant barking of some restless house-dog.

They found the house, read the brass-plate, walked round the wall, and stopped at that portion of it which divided them from the bottom of the garden.

"You will return to the inn, Sam, when you have assisted me over," said Mr. Pickwick.

"Very well, sir."

"And you will sit up, 'till I return."

"Cert'nly, sir."

"Take hold of my leg; and, when I say 'Over,' raise me gently."

"All right, sir."

Having settled these preliminaries, Mr. Pickwick grasped the top of the wall, and gave the word "Over," which was


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/323

 "That's a clincher," said Mr. Weller, aside.

"Then this garden," resumed Mr. Pickwick. I to get into it?"

"The wall is very low, sir, and your servant will give you a leg up."

"My servant will give me a leg up," repeated Mr. Pickwick, mechanically. "You will be sure to be near this door that you speak of?

"You cannot mistake it, sir; it's the only one that opens into the garden. Tap at it when you hear the clock strike, and I will open it instantly."

"I don't like the plan," said Mr. Pickwick; "but as I see no other, and as the happiness of this young lady's whole life is at stake, I adopt it. I shall be sure to be there."

Thus, for the second time, did Mr. Pickwick's innate goodfeeling involve him in an enterprise from which he would most willingly have stood aloof.

"What is the name of the house?" inquired Mr. Pickwick.

"Westgate House, sir. You turn a little to the right when you get to the end of the town; it stands by itself, some little distance off the high road, with the name on a brass plate on the gate.

"I know it," said Mr. Pickwick. I observed it once before, when I was in this town. You may depend upon me."

Mr. Trotter made another bow, and turned to depart, when Mr. Pickwick thrust a guinea into his hand.

"You're a fine fellow," said Mr. Pickwick, "and I admire your goodness of heart. No thanks. Remember—eleven o'clock."

"There is no fear of my forgetting it, sir," replied Job Trotter. With these words he left the room, followed by Sam.

"I say," said the latter, "not a bad notion that 'ere crying. I'd cry like a rain-water spout in a shower on such good terms. How do you do it?"

"It comes from the heart, Mr. Walker," replied Job, solemnly. "Good morning, sir."


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/322

 out of her bed-room. A post-chaise will be waiting, and away we go."

"Well?" said Mr. Pickwick.

"Well, sir, I have been thinking that if you were in waiting in the garden behind, alone—"

"Alone," said Mr. Pickwick." Why alone?"

"I thought it very natural," replied Job, "that the old lady wouldn't like such an unpleasant discovery to be made before more persons than can possibly be helped. The young lady too, sir—consider her feelings."

"You are very right," said Mr. Pickwick. "The consideration evinces your delicacy of feeling. Go on; you are very right."

"Well sir, I have been thinking that if you were waiting in the back garden alone, and I was to let you in, at the door which opens into it, from the end of the passage, at exactly half-past eleven o'clock, you would be just in the very moment of time to assist me in frustrating the designs of this bad man, by whom I have been unfortunately ensnared." Here Mr. Trotter sighed deeply.

"Don't distress yourself on that account," said Mr. Pickwick, "if he had one grain of the delicacy of feeling which distinguishes you, humble as your station is, I should have some hopes of him."

Job Trotter bowed low; and in spite of Mr. Weller's previous remonstrance, the tears again rose to his eyes.

"I never see such a feller," said Sam. "Blessed if I don't think he's got a main in his head as is always turned on."

"Sam," said Mr. Pickwick, with great severity. "Hold your tongue."

"Werry well, sir," replied Mr. Weller. Ind "I don't like this plan," said Mr. Pickwick, after deep meditation. "Why cannot I communicate with the young lady's friends?"

"Because they live one hundred miles from here, sir," responded Job Trotter.


text:
Page:TASJ-1-3.djvu/351

 all on board, they had now a favorable wind, sail was set, and they made a good day’s run. The next two days they were again stormbound, but on the 29th, they proceeded on their voyage. On the 30th they crossed the entrance to the Naruto passsage, and the same night, by dint of hard rowing they reached the strait of Idzumi. They had now reached the Gokinai, or five provinces round Kiôtô and here there was no longer any fear of pirates. They first day of the second month they made little way, and on the second we have the following entry. “The rain and wind ceased not; a whole day and a whole night we prayed to the Kami and Hotoke.” On the next day the weather was equally bad, and on the fourth the captain would not put to sea from a fear of bad weather which proved quite groundless. There were a great many beautiful shells on the beach at this place, and Tsurayuki composed these lines in allusion to a shell which is called in Japanese the wasure-gai or shell of forgetfulness.

“I would descend from my ship to gather the shell of forgetfulness of one for whom I am filled with sorrowful longing. Do ye, oh ye advancing surges drive it forward to the strand.”

He afterwards says that the true wish of his heart was not to forget her whom he had lost, but only to give such respite to his sorrow that it might afterwards gain greater strength.

The record of the 5th contains a passage which has some philological interest as giving a specimen of the spoken language at this period. Tsurayuki noticed that a chance order of the captain to his sailors was really a line of poetry of the regular number of 31 syllables. The order was as follows:—

Mifune yori | ohose-tabu nari | asagita no | ide-konu suki ni | tsuna de haya hike.

“Thus it is ordered from the august ship; (i. e. by Tsurayuki, the owner) before the morning north-wind comes forth, make haste and haul the ship along with a tow-rope.” The only form here which

title: Page:TASJ-1-3.djvu/351


text:
Page:The Hunterian Oration, delivered before the Royal College of Surgeons ... February 14, 1817 (IA b22009358).pdf/49

41 The art of injecting the arteries, veins, and lymphatics with wax, mercury, and other substances; by which the vascularity of parts, and the anastomoses of vessels were ascertained, &c.

From a correct knowledge of the structure of a living body——from close observation— and from well conducted experiments, were deduced those inferences as to the uses and powers of the several parts, upon which phystology and pathology principally rest. The different stages of digestion of the aliment— of chylification, and of sanguification, are easily traceable; and that upon the supply of arterial blood the life of a part depends, was ascertained.

The various and complicated apparatus by which faecal, useless, or noxious matters �


text:
Author:Edward Harrison Compton

Works

 * Chester Water-colours

title: Author:Edward Harrison Compton


text:
Page:The Hunterian Oration, delivered before the Royal College of Surgeons ... February 14, 1817 (IA b22009358).pdf/50

42 are expelled from the body, were explained ; and in short, the powers of which the constitution is possessed, to resist disease and to repair the effects of injuries, were far better understood than at any former period.

This preliminary knowledge necessarily produced a more rational pathology; and that the comforts and safety to mankind from thence derived became apparent, and were properly appreciated, is seen by the high degree of estimation in which those who exercised the Art and Science of Surgery were held. ‘The easy and effectual method of restraining hemorrhage by the ligature—the general adoption of simple and superficial applications to wounds and sores—the practice of saving as much skin as possible in

operations— and even the bringing into con- �


text:
Page:The Hunterian Oration, delivered before the Royal College of Surgeons ... February 14, 1817 (IA b22009358).pdf/51

43 tact the divided muscles from the opposite sides of a stump immediately after amputa- tion, so that they occasionally unite by the first intention, are a few of the very many improvements that had taken place.

The great and increasing fame of the teachers of Anatomy, Physiology, and Sur- gery ; and indeed of all parts of medical and philosophical knowledge, had now brought to London multitudes of pupils, not only from every part of the British dominions, but some also from almost every civilized country of the world. This is not to be wondered at, for here all circumstances were favourable to the acquisition of such knowledge; and as they still continue, the celebrity justly acquired

by the great men lately mentioned, has been �


text:
Page:TASJ-1-3.djvu/352

 is distinctively colloquial is de for ni te, while mifune and tabu nari are now written forms, and would not be used in the spoken language. There are one or two other examples of the colloquial language in the Tosa nikki, and although too few to be decisive, they point to the conclusion that the spoken idiom of the time differed but little from the language employed in literature. A curious colloquial form of the future occurs, ending in zu, as in the phrase “mata makarazu” ‘I will come again.’ The same form of the future is still preserved in some of the local dialects.

I translate part of the entry for the 5th, the day before they arrived within the Osaka river. They were now opposite Sumiyoshi.

“Meanwhile a sudden gale sprung up, and in spite of all our efforts we fell gradually to leeward, and were in great danger of being sent to the bottom. “This god of Sumiyoshi,” said the Captain, “is like other gods. What he desires is not any of the fashionable articles of the day. Give him nusa as an offering.” The Captain’s advice was taken, and nusa were offered, but as the wind, instead of ceasing, only blew harder and harder, and the danger from the storm and sea became more and more imminent, the captain again said, “Because the august heart of the God is not moved for nusa, neither does the august ship move. Offer to him something in which he will take greater pleasure.” In compliance with this advice, I thought what it would be best to offer. “Of eves I have a pair—then let me give to the god my mirror, of which I have only one.” The mirror was accordingly flung into the sea, to my very great regret. But no sooner had I done so, than the sea itself became as smooth as a mirror.”

The next day, they entered the Osaka river. All the passengers, men, women and children, were overjoyed at reaching this point of their voyage, and clasped their foreheads with their hands in ecstasies of delight.

There is no mention of any city or town of Osaka in the Diary, for the simple reason that it did not then exist. Naniwa, which has been used in later times as a

title: Page:TASJ-1-3.djvu/352


text:
Page:Journal of Conversations with Lord Byron.pdf/90

 she wills it. Of all that coterie," said Byron," Madame de -, after Lady - was the best; at least I thought so, for these two ladies were the only ones who ventured to protect me when all London was crying out against me on the separation, and they behaved courageously and kindly; indeed Madame de - defended me when few dared to do so, and I have always remembered it. Poor dear Lady - ! does she still retain her beautiful cream-colored complexion and raven hair? I used to long to tell her that she spoiled her looks by her excessive animation; for eyes, tongue, head, and arms were all in movement at once, and were only relieved from their active service by want of respiration. I shall never forget when she once complained to me of the fatigue of literary occupations; and I, in terror, expected her ladyship to propose reading to me an epic poem, tragedy, or at least a novel of her composition, when lo! she displayed to me a very richly-bound album, half filled with printed extracts cut out of newspapers and magazines, which she had selected and pasted in the book; and I (happy at being let off so easily) sincerely agreed with her that literature was very tiresome. I understand that she has now advanced with the 'march of intellect,' and got an album filled with MS. poetry, to which all of us,


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/321

 "And when," said Mr. Pickwick, "when is this villainous design to be carried into execution—when is this elopement to take place?"

"To-night, sir," replied Job.

"To-night!" exclaimed Mr. Pickwick "This very night, sir," replied Job Trotter. "That is what alarms me so much."

"Instant measures must be taken," said Mr. Pickwick. "I will see the lady who keeps the establishment immediately,"

"I beg your pardon, sir," said Job, "but that course of proceeding will never do."

"Why not?" inquired Mr. Pickwick.

"My master, sir, is a very artful man."

"I know he is," said Mr. Pickwick.

"And he has so wound himself round the old lady's heart, sir," resumed Job, "that she would believe nothing to his prejudice, if you went down on your bare knees, and swore it; especially as you have no proof but the word of a servant, who, for anything she knows (and my master would be sure to say so), was discharged for some fault, and does this in revenge."

"What had better be done, then?" said Mr. Pickwick.

"Nothing but taking him in the very fact of eloping, will convince the old lady, sir," replied Job.

"All them old cats will run their heads agin mile-stones," observed Mr. Weller in a parenthesis.

"But this taking him in the very act of elopement, would be a very difficult thing to accomplish, I fear," said Mr. Pickwick.

"I don't know, sir," said Mr. Trotter, after a few moments' reflection. "I think it might be very easily done."

"How?" was Mr. Pickwick's inquiry.

"Why," replied Mr. Trotter, "my master and I, being in the confidence of the two servants, will be secreted in the kitchen at ten o'clock. When the family have retired to rest, we shall come out of the kitchen, and the young lady


text:
Page:The Works of H G Wells Volume 11.pdf/118

 "for that, I presume, is the thing we have forgotten. That, I see, is the difference between us and you, Mr. Huss; that is why we can sit here, content to play our partial rôles, knowing full surely that some day the broken lines and inconsecutiveness that perplex us in this life will all be revealed and resolved into their perfect circles, while you to whom this earthly life is all and final, you must needs be a rebel, you must needs preach a doctrine between defiance and despair If indeed death ended all! Ah! Then indeed you might claim that reason was on your side. The afflictions of man are very many. Why should I deny it?"

The patentee and chief proprietor of the Temanite blocks paused for a moment.

"Yes," he said, peering up through his eyebrows at the sky, "that is the real issue. Blind to that, you are blind to everything."

"I don't know whether I am with you on this question of immortality, Sir Eliphaz," warned Dr. Barrack, coughing shortly.

"For my part I'm altogether with him," said Mr. Dad. "If there is no immortal life—well, what's the good of being temperate and decent and careful for five and fifty years?"

Sir Eliphaz had decided now to drop all apologetics for the scheme of Nature.

"A place of trial, a place of stimulus and training," he said. "Respice finem. The clues are all—beyond."

"But if you really consider this world as a place for soul-making," said Mr. Huss, "what do you


text:
Page:Journal of Conversations with Lord Byron.pdf/91

 of the craft, have contributed. I was the first; Moore wrote something, which was, like all that he writes, very sparkling and terse; but he got dissatisfied with the faint praise it met with from the husband before Miladi saw the verses, and destroyed the effusion; I know not if he ever has supplied their place. Can you fancy Moore paying attention to the opinion of Milor on poesy? Had it been on racing or horse-flesh, he might have been right; but Pegasus is, perhaps, the only horse of whose paces Lord - could not be a judge."

Talking of fashionable life in London, Lord Byron said that there was nothing so vapid and ennuyeux. "The English," said he, "were intended by nature to be good, sober-minded people, and those who live in the country are really admirable. I saw a good deal of English country life, and it is the only favorable impression that remains of our mode of living; but of London, and exclusive society, I retain a fearful recollection. Dissipation has need of wit, talent, and gaiety to prevent reflection, and make the eternal round of frivolous amusements pass; and of these," continued Byron, "there was a terrible lack in the society in which I mixed. The minds of the English are formed of sterner stuff. You may make an English woman (indeed Nature


text:
Page:TASJ-1-3.djvu/353

 poetical synonym for Osaka is properly the river-mouth, as its etymology shows, naniwa meaning ‘dangerous waves.’ The bar of the Osaka river had the same evil reputation in ancient times that it has unhappily deserved too well in our own day. Several days were now spent in dragging their vessel laboriously against the strong current of the river. A fast day occurred on their way up it, which Tsurayuki had this time the satisfaction of keeping properly by abstaining entirely from fish. On the 12th, they reached Yamazaki, from which place a carriage (i.e. one of the bullock-carts in which kuges rode) was sent for to Kioto, and on the evening of the 16th they left Yamazaki for the capital. Tsurayuki was greatly delighted to recognize the old familiar landmarks as he rode along. He mentions the children’s playthings and sweetmeats in the shops as looking exactly as when he went away, and wonders whether he will find as little change in the hearts of his friends. He had purposely left Yamasaki in the evening in order that it might be night when he reached his own dwelling. I translate his account of the state in which he found it.

“The moon was shining brightly when I reached my house and entered the gate so that its condition was plainly to be seen. It was decayed and ruined beyond all description—worse even than I had been told. The heart of the man in whose charge I left it was in an equally dilapidated condition. The fence between the two houses had been broken down so that both seemed but one, and he appeared to have fulfilled his charge by looking in through the gaps. And yet I had supplied him by every opportunity with the means of keeping it in repair. To-night, however, I would not allow him to be told this in an angry tone, but in spite of my vexation offered him an acknowledgment for his trouble. There was in one place something like a pond where water had collected in a hollow, by the side of which grew a fir-tree. It had lost half its branches, and looked as if a thousand years had passed during the

title: Page:TASJ-1-3.djvu/353


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/320

 Trotter, applying to his eyes a pink checked pocket handkerchief about six inches square.

"The feeling does you a great deal of honour," replied Mr. Pickwick; "but it is your duty, nevertheless."

"I know it is my duty, sir," replied Job, with great emotion. "We should all try to discharge our duty, sir, and I humbly endeavour to discharge mine, sir; but it is a hard trial to betray a master, sir, whose clothes you wear, and whose bread you eat, even though he is a scoundrel, sir."

"You are a very good fellow," said Mr. Pickwick, much affected, "an honest fellow."

"Come come," interposed Sam, who had witnessed Mr. Trotter's tears with considerable impatience, "blow this here water-cart bis'ness. It won't do no good, this won't."

"Sam," said Mr. Pickwick, reproachfully, "I am sorry to find that you have so little respect for this young man's feelings."

"His feelins is all wery well, sir," replied Mr. Weller; "and as they're so wery fine, and it's a pity he should lose 'em, I think he'd better keep 'em in his own buzzum, than let 'em ewaporate in hot water, 'specially as they do no good. Tears never yet wound up a clock, or worked a steam ingen'. The next time you go out to a smoking party, young fellow, fill your pipe with that 'ere reflection; and for the present just put that bit of pink gingham into your pocket. "Tan't so handsome that you need keep waving it about, as if you was a tight-rope dancer."

"My man is in the right," said Mr. Pickwick, accosting Job, "although his mode of expressing his opinion is somewhat homely, and occasionally incomprehensible."

"He is, sir, very right," said Mr. Trotter, "and I will give way no longer."

"Very well," said Mr. Pickwick. "Now, where is this boarding-school?"

"It is a large, old, red-brick house, just outside the town, sir," replied Job Trotter.


text:
Page:TASJ-1-3.djvu/354

 five or six years of my absence. Younger trees had grown up round it, and the whole place was in a most neglected condition, so that everyone said that it was pitiful to see. Among other sad thoughts that rose spontaneously to my mind was the memory—ah! how sorrowful!—of one who was born in this house, but who did not return here along with me. My fellow-passengers were chatting merrily with their children in their arms, but I meanwhile, still unable to contain my grief, privately repeated these lines to one who knew my heart.”

I shall not give the verses, but proceed to the last sentence of the diary which is as follows:—

“I cannot write down all my many regrets and memories; be it for good or for evil, here I will fling away my pen.”

The Tosa Nikki is a striking example of the truth of Buffon’s dictum that “style is everything.” It contains no exciting adventures or romantic situations; there are in it no wise maxims or novel information; its only merit is that it describes in simple yet elegant language the ordinary life of a traveller in Japan at the time when it was written. But these qualities have gained it a high rank amongst Japanese classics, and have ensured its being handed down to our own day as a most esteemed model for composition in the native Japanese style.

I may observe in conclusion that the Japanese of the Tosa Nikki is on the whole tolerably easy, and it may be recommended as a good book with which to begin the study of the ancient literature of Japan.

title: Page:TASJ-1-3.djvu/354


text: Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan/Series 1/Volume 3/Part 2/An Ancient Japanese Classic


text:
Page:Works of Charles Dickens, ed. Lang - Volume 1.djvu/319

 indescribables with his right, as if to intimate that his master might have done the same without alarming anybody much, by the chinking of coin.

"Ah," said Sam, "that's the game, is it?"

The mulberry man nodded significantly.

"Well, and don't you think, old feller," remonstrated Mr. Weller, "that if you let your master take in this here young lady, you're a precious rascal?"

"I know that," said Job Trotter, turning upon his companion a countenance of deep contrition, and groaning slightly. "I know that, and that's what it is that preys upon my mind. But what am I to do?"

"Do!" said Sam; "di-wulge to the missis, and give up your master."

"Who'd believe me?" replied Job Trotter. "The young lady's considered the very picture of innocence and discretion. She'd deny it, and so would my master. master. Who'd believe me? I should lose my place, and get indicted for a conspiracy, or some such thing; that's all I should take by my motion."

"There's somethin' in that," said Sam, ruminating; "there's somethin' in that."

"If I knew any respectable gentleman who would take the matter up," continued Mr. Trotter, "I might have some hope of preventing the elopement; but there's the same difficulty, Mr. Walker, just the same. I know no gentleman in this strange place, and ten to one if I did, whether he would believe my story."

"Come this way," said Sam, suddenly jumping up, and grasping the mulberry man by the arm. "My mas'r 's the man you want, I see." And after a slight resistance on the part of Job Trotter, Sam led his newly-found friend to the apartment of Mr. Pickwick, to whom he presented him, together with a brief summary of the dialogue we have just repeated.

"I am very sorry to betray my master, sir," said Job


text:
Page:Operation Crossroads 1946.pdf/83

 :(33 km) from the detonation and on an aircraft flying 18 nmi (33 km) from the detonation. For BAKER, instruments were installed on a ship positioned 10.9 nmi (20 km) from the detonation and spectroscopes were placed on an aircraft flying 7.2 nmi (13 km) from the burst.

 * Staffing: BuOrd Instrumentation Group personnel manned the projects in this program with some help from AAF. Potential for exposure of Program VI personnel was quite low. Aircraft and ships involved remained clear of radioactive areas in and downwind of the Bikini Lagoon. BuOrd Instrumentation Group personnel had low exposures as can be seen from Table 6. Most personnel working in Program VI were not badged and those that were had readings less than 1.0 R.

 * Project Report: Reference C.9.209, Enclosure H.

Program VII -- Radiation Measurements

 * Agency: Los Alamos Laboratory

 * Operations: The first of the three projects in this program was the measurement of fast neutrons on ABLE test by placing sulfur samples on several target ships.

 * The second was measurement of gamma-ray emissions from BAKER detonation. During this project, gamma-ray measurement signals were transmitted from the bomb case to USS Cumberland Sound (AV-17) just before the transmitters were destroyed.

 * The third project was collection and measurement of air and water samples to determine the efficiency of the detonations. This included the use of drone aircraft (B-17 and F6F) and drone boats to obtain radioactive air and water samples.

 * The Army B-17 drones were guided from Enewetak to Bikini by a B-17 controller aircraft. On ABLE they samples at 12,000, 18,000, 24,000, and 30,000 feet (3.66, 5.49, 7.32, and 9.14 km) between 6 and 15 minutes after the detonation. On BAKER they sampled at 6,000 and 10,000 feet (1.83 and 3.05 km) between 5 and 10 minutes after the detonation. Each B-17 drone aircraft had a filter box mounted in place of its top turret and a large inflatable rubber bag in its bomb bay. The air filter unit with its special filter paper was designed to filter 90 cubic feet (7.5 cubic meters) of air in 30 seconds. The rubber bag was opened on command of the controller in the B-17 control aircraft when the drone entered the cloud. It automatically closed 30 seconds later, capturing 90 cubic feet (7.5 cubic meters) of air. The drones were guided back to Enewetak where they were landed by ground controllers. Los Alamos Report No. 613 (Reference C.1.1) describes removal of the filter unit:

 * The AAF filter unit was fixed to the top turret of a drone B-17. A lanyard ran from the unit down along the outside fuselage and ended in a handle fixed near the door of the plane. One sharp pull on the lanyard brought the filter unit tumbling down. Each door of the unit itself was fitted with a short lanyard. One sharp pull of this lanyard, and the door leaped

78

title: Page:Operation Crossroads 1946.pdf/83


text:
Page:Operation Crossroads 1946.pdf/84

 :::off in an amazing shower of spring and bolts. The filter papers sandwiched between their screens could then be picked up, a few wires snipped to separate the screens, and the paper removed.

 * Figure 18 shows a drone B-17 landed at Enewetak after shot ABLE. A monitor is shown walking away from the rubber bag in the background. The bag had been dropped from the bomb bay into a wheeled contrivance and was pulled away from the B-17 with long ropes. The top filter unit is visible on the top of the B-17 fuselage. Los Alamos personnel removed the filter papers from the boxes and flew to Kwajalein on the waiting C-54 with the filter papers and the large rubber bags filled with air samples. The samples were analyzed at Kwajalein.

 * Navy F6F drones were guided to Bikini from the carrier USS Shangri-La (CV-38) by drone control F6Fs. For able, three drones sampled at 10,000, 15,000, and 20,000 feet (3.05, 4.57, and 6.1 km) approximately 8 to 15 minutes after the detonation. For BAKER, three drones sampled at 5,000, 9,000, and 14,000 feet (1.52, 2.74, and 4.27 km) 5 to 10 minutes after the detonation. After the sampling was complete they were guided to the island of Roi-Namur in Kwajalein Atoll and were landed there by ground control pilots. The F6F drones had a single unit with filter paper mounted under the left wing. A 10-foot (3.05-meter) pole with a hook was used to unhook and drop the unit from the wing. Six bolts were then removed on the doors

Figure 18. Air sampling gas bad and drone B-17 at Enewetak Island following shot ABLE, CROSSROADS.

79

title: Page:Operation Crossroads 1946.pdf/84


text:
Page:Operation Crossroads 1946.pdf/85

 :by specially adapted 10-foot (3.05-meter) poles. The doors were then pulled off with another special 10-foot (3.05-meter) pole. The filter paper and securing screens were attached to the door and came out of the unit with the doors. The filter papers were picked up with long-handled tongs (Figure 19) and placed in special lead receptacles. They were then flown by C-54 to Kwajalein for analysis.

 * Drone boats from USS Begor (APD-127) collected radioactive water samples throughout the target array. Radioactive samples were taken from Begor to Kwajalein and then to Los Alamos Laboratory for analysis.

 * Staffing: Los Alamos Laboratory supplied the personnel for the projects in this program. Removal of sulfur samples from target ships on ABLE test would have exposed men to low-level radiation on those ships that were near surface zero, viz. Sakawa (a captured Japanese cruiser), USS Crittenden (APA-77), USS Carlisle (APA-69), and USS Arkansas (BB-33) (Reference C.9.210, p. N-212). Measurement of gamma rays at detonation time for BAKER should not have created any radiation exposure to personnel. Removal of radioactive air and water samples from planes and boats was a very sensitive operation with a high exposure potential. Only 12 to 70 personnel in

Figure 19. Removal of filter papers from the F6F filter units at Roi-Namur Island following shot ABLE, CROSSROADS.

80

title: Page:Operation Crossroads 1946.pdf/85


text:
Page:Sid & Marty Krofft Television Productions v. McDonald's Corporation.pdf/9

 We believe that the court in Arnstein was alluding to the idea-expression dichotomy which we make explicit today. When the court in Arnstein refers to “copying” which is not itself an infringement, it must be suggesting copying merely of the work’s idea, which is not protected by the copyright. To constitute an infringement, the copying must reach the point of “unlawful appropriation,” or the copying of the protected expression itself. We analyze this distinction in terms both of the elements involved—idea and expression—and of the tests to be used—extrinsic and intrinsic—in an effort to clarify the issues involved.

In the context of this case, the distinction between these tests is important. Defendants do not dispute the fact that they copied the idea of plaintiffs’ Pufnstuf television series—basically a fantasyland filled with diverse and fanciful characters in action. They argue, however, that the expressions of this idea are too dissimilar for there to be an infringement. They come to this conclusion by dissecting the constituent parts of the Pufnstuf series—characters, setting, and plot—and pointing out the dissimilarities between these parts and those of the McDonaldland commercials.

This approach ignores the idea-expression dichotomy alluded to in Arnstein and analyzed today. Defendants attempt to apply an extrinsic test by the listing of dissimilarities in determining whether the expression they used was substantially similar to the expression used by plaintiffs. That extrinsic test is inappropriate; an intrinsic test must here be used. As the court in Arnstein stated: "“Whether (if he copied) defendant unlawfully appropriated presents, too, an issue of fact. The proper criterion on that issue is not an analytic or other comparison of the respective … compositions …. The plaintiff’s legally protected interest in the potential financial return from his compositions which derive from the lay public’s approbation of his efforts. The question, therefore, is whether defendant took from plaintiff’s works so much of what is pleasing to the [eyes and] ears of lay [persons], who comprise the audience for whom such popular [works are] composed, that defendant wrongfully appropriated something which belongs to the plaintiff. Surely, then, we have an issue of fact which a jury is peculiarly fitted to determine.” 154 F.2d at 472–78 (footnotes omitted)."

Analytic dissection, as defendants have done, is therefore improper.

Defendants contest the continued viability of Arnstein. It is true that Arnstein’s alternative holding that summary judgment may not be granted when there is the slightest doubt as to the facts has been disapproved. See, e. g., First National Bank of Arizona v. Cities Service Co., 391 U.S. 253, 288–90, 88 S.Ct. 1575, 20 L.Ed.2d 569 (1968); Beal v. Lindsay, 468 F.2d 287, 291 (2 Cir. 1972); Janis v. Wilson, 385 F.Supp. 1143, 1147 (D.S.D.1974); Keller v. California Liquid Gas Corp., 363 F.Supp. 123, 126 (D.Wyo.1978). But the case’s tests for infringement have consistently been approved by this court. See, e. g., Goodson-Todman Enterprises, Inc. v. Kellogg Co., 513 F.2d 913, 914 (9 Cir. 1975); Overman v. Loesser, 205 F.2d 521, 523 (9 Cir. 1953). They have also been accepted by other courts. See, e. g., Universal Athletic Sales Co. v. Salkeld, supra, 511 F.2d at 907; Scott v. WKJG, Inc., 376 F.2d 467, 469 (7 Cir. 1967). We believe Arnstein is still good law.


text: Page:The Mystery of the Blue Train.pdf/10


text:
Page:Sid & Marty Krofft Television Productions v. McDonald's Corporation.pdf/10

 Since the intrinsic test for expression is uniquely suited for determination by the trier of fact, this court must be reluctant to reverse it. See International Luggage Registry v. Avery Products Corp., supra, 541 F.2d at 831; Caddy-Imler Creations, Inc. v. Caddy, 299 F.2d 79, 82 (9 Cir. 1962). As this court said in Williams v. Kaag Manufacturers, Inc., supra, 338 F.2d at 951: "“We have commented frequently on the inappropriateness of substituting our judgment for that of the trial judge on questions of fact. The more vague the test, the less inclined we are to intervene.”"

As a finding of fact, a conclusion as to the question of copying is subject to the “clearly erroneous” standard. Fed.R.Civ.P. 52(a). But it follows that this court will be less likely to find clear error when the subjective test for copying of expression has been applied.

The present case demands an even more intrinsic determination because both plaintiffs’ and defendants’ works are directed to an audience of children. This raises the particular factual issue of the impact of the respective works upon the minds and imaginations of young people. As the court said in Ideal Toy Corp. v. Fab-Lu Ltd., 261 F.Supp. 238, 241–42 (S.D.N.Y.1966), aff’d, 360 F.2d 1021 (2 Cir. 1966):

"“In applying the test of the average lay observer, [children] are not to be excluded—indeed they are the ‘far-flung faithful … audience.’ The television advertising campaign of plaintiff was directed toward acquainting these youngsters with … its new teenage and pre-teen dolls. The impression of the faces and general appearance of the dolls was upon them. … [T]he dolls create the same impression, both with respect to their appearances and the play—uses for which they are suited. It is the youngsters who, on the basis of this impression, go to the stores with their parents or at home make their wishes known for the dolls they desire after television has made its impact upon them. In their enthusiasm to acquire … [the dolls] they certainly are not bent upon ‘detecting disparities’ or even readily observing upon inspection such fine details as the point at which the necks are molded” (citations and footnotes omitted)."

The H. R. Pufnstuf series became the most popular children’s show on Saturday morning television. This success led several manufacturers of children’s goods to use the Pufnstuf characters. It is not surprising, then, that McDonald’s hoped to duplicate this peculiar appeal to children in its commercials. It was in recognition of the subjective and unpredictable nature of children’s responses that defendants opted to recreate the H. R. Pufnstuf format rather than use an original and unproven approach.

Defendants would have this court ignore that intrinsic quality which they recognized to embark on an extrinsic analysis of the two works. For example, in discussing the principal characters—Pufnstuf and Mayor McCheese—defendants point out: "“ ‘Pufnstuf’ wears what can only be described as a yellow and green dragon suit with a blue cummerband from which hangs a medal which says ‘mayor’. ‘McCheese’ wears a version of pink formal dress—‘tails’—with knicker trousers. He has a typical diplomat’s sash on which is written ‘mayor’, the ‘M’ consisting of the McDonald’s trademark of an ‘M’ made of golden arches.”"

So not only do defendants remove the characters from the setting, but dissect further to analyze the clothing, colors, features, and


text:
Page:Sid & Marty Krofft Television Productions v. McDonald's Corporation.pdf/11

 mannerisms of each character. We do not believe that the ordinary reasonable person, let alone a child, viewing these works will even notice that Pufnstuf is wearing a cummerbund while Mayor McCheese is wearing a diplomat’s sash.

Duplication or near identity is not necessary to establish infringement. Runge v. Lee, 441 F.2d 579, 582 (9 Cir. 1971); Williams v. Kaag Manufacturers, Inc., supra, 338 F.2d at 951. As this court stated in Universal Pictures Co., Inc. v. Harold Lloyd Corp., infra, 162 F.2d 354, at 360: "“[A]n infringement is not confined to literal and exact repetition or reproduction; it includes also the various modes in which the matter of any work may be adopted, imitated, transferred, or reproduced, with more or less colorable alterations to disguise the piracy.”"

And, as Judge Learned Hand put it, copyright “cannot be limited literally to the text, else a plagiarist would escape by immaterial variations.” Nichols v. Universal Pictures Corp., 45 F.2d 119, 121 (2 Cir. 1930).

We have viewed representative samples of both the H. R. Pufnstuf show and McDonaldland commercials. It is clear to us that defendants’ works are substantially similar to plaintiffs’. They have captured the “total concept and feel” of the Pufnstuf show. Roth Greeting Cards v. United Card Co., 429 F.2d 1106, 1110 (9 Cir. 1970). We would so conclude even if we were sitting as the triers of fact. There is no doubt that the findings of the jury in this case are not clearly erroneous.

Defendants argue that dissection is proper and that duplication or near identity is necessary because the competing works are things, rather than dramatic works. They cite numerous cases in which infringement was found because the defendants’ works were nearly identical to those of the plaintiffs. See, e. g., Bleistein v. Donaldson Lithographing Co., 188 U.S. 239, 250, 23 S.Ct. 298, 47 L.Ed. 460 (1903) (circus posters); Sunset House Distributing Corp. v. Doran, 304 F.2d 251, 252 (9 Cir. 1962) (plastic Santa Claus); King Features Syndicate v. Fleischer, 299 F. 533, 534 (2 Cir. 1924) (doll). Defendants fail to perceive, however, that near identity may be required in some cases not because the works are things, but because the expression of those works and the idea of those works are indistinguishable.

Herbert Rosenthal Jewelry Corp. v. Kalpakian, 446 F.2d 738 (9 Cir. 1971), upon which defendants rely, is illustrative of this point. In that case, plaintiff sued for infringement of its jeweled bee pin, claiming it should be protected against the manufacture of any substantially similar object. This court responded:

“What is basically at stake is the extent of the copyright owner’s monopoly—from how large an area of activity did Congress intend to allow the copyright owner to exclude others? We think the production of jeweled bee pins is a larger private preserve than Congress intended to be set aside in the public market without a patent. A jeweled bee pin is therefore an idea that defendants were free to copy. Plaintiff seems to agree, for it disavows any claim that defendants


text:
Page:Hunterian oration, delivered in the theatre of the Royal College of Surgeons in London on February 14th 1829 (electronic resource) (IA b2148305x).pdf/35

Rh wonderful work that Hunter has left, the labour of his hands, he has himself constructed the most splendid monument of his fame. In every position in which it is viewed, the character of the greatest mind appears inscribed. It is the production of a great intellectual workman, whose penetrating mind embraced the whole of a great design, and whose acute discernment ranged over every subject that would afford illustration. The best offering of gratitude to Hunter, as well as a great boon to science, is to expound, to confirm, and to enlarge, his principles of philosophy.

The changing scene of life is continually adding to the obituary, the names of those. whom we regret. It is a part of my duty to notice, on this occasion, the lamented death of two members of the Council. Mr. John Heaviside died at an advanced age educated in the school of Pott, he continued, during a long life, the duties of a London Surgeon; preserving the cultivated


text:
Page:Sid & Marty Krofft Television Productions v. McDonald's Corporation.pdf/12

 manufacture and sell jeweled bee pins and concedes that only plaintiffs’ particular design or expression of the jeweled bee pin idea is protected under its copyright. The difficulty, as we have noted, is that on this record the idea and its expression appear to be indistinguishable. There is no greater similarity between the pins of plaintiff and defendants than is inevitable from the use of jewel-encrusted bee forms in both.

“When the idea and its expression are thus inseparable, copying the expression will not be barred, since protecting the expression in such circumstances would confer a monopoly of the idea upon the copyright owner free of the conditions and limitations imposed by the patent law.” Id. at 742. See also Herbert Rosenthal Jewelry Corp. v. Honora Jewelry Co., Inc., 509 F.2d 64, 65 (2 Cir. 1974).

The idea and the expression will coincide when the expression provides nothing new or additional over the idea. Thus, the expression of a jeweled bee pin contains nothing new over the idea of a jeweled bee pin. Returning to our own example, the idea of a plaster statute of a nude will probably coincide with the expression of that idea when an inexpensive manufacturing process is used. There will be no separately distinguishable features in the statute’s expression over the idea of a plaster nude statute.

The complexity and artistry of the expression of an idea will separate it from even the most banal idea. Michaelangelo’s David is, as an idea, no more than a statute of a nude male. But no one would question the proposition that if a copyrighted work it would deserve protection even against the poorest of imitations. This is because so much more was added in the expression over the idea.

When idea and expression coincide, there will be protection against nothing other than identical copying of the work. When other defendants made jeweled bees from the same molds as plaintiffs, they were held liable. See Herbert Rosenthal Jewelry Corp. v. Grossbardt, 436 F.2d 315 (2 Cir. 1970). Therefore, the scope of copyright protection increases with the extent expression differs from the idea.

The coincidence of idea and expression may occur in works other than “things.” Baker v. Selden, supra, held that blank accounting books are not subject to copyright protection. Yet if any information is contained in those blanks, copyright protection is available. See Edwin K. Williams & Co. v. Edwin K. Williams, etc., 542 F.2d 1053, 1060–61 (9 Cir. 1976) (account books with explanation); Guthrie v. Curlett, 36 F.2d 694 (2 Cir. 1929) (index of freight tariffs); American Code Co. v. Bensinger, 282 F. 829 (2 Cir. 1922) (codes).

There is no special standard of similarity required in the case of “things.” Nor is any such standard suggested by any of the cases cited by defendants. For example, in Monogram Models, Inc. v. Industro Motive Corp., 492 F.2d 1281, 1284 (6 Cir. 1974), the issue was one of copyright infringement of scale model airplane kits. Defendant admitted copying, but argued lack of substantial copying. The court affirmed a jury finding of infringement, citing the ordinary reasonable observer test. Id. at 1286. See also Williams v. Kaag Manufacturing, Inc.,


text:
Logan Water

 * "Logan Water" in The Black-Bird Songster (1840s)
 * "Logan Water" in Seven sentimental songs (1840s)
 * "Logan Water" in The Book of Scottish Song (1843)

title: Logan Water