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CHARITY'S SECRET. 205 “The meeting was held at Beickler’s Hall last night, and the Germans subscribed liberally, as I told you they would, Lou. They will disburse it tomorrow, each family receiving a sum proportioned to the number of children.”

I wondered in silence how many appearances the Malones would put in, and whether Jemmy Grew would not find it most profitable to enter as a corpse. The bloom was wearing off of my peach for some reason.

Two days like the last passed, of which I re- tain but mixed, unsatisfactory recollections.

I was bitterly disappointed. I saw Dr. Brettler watch me anxiously each evening, but I said nothing; the annoyances were too slight to complain of. But, surely, these were not the ideal poor of novels, or even religious newspapers.

The last day of my work, however, deserves mention. It was intensely cold. My first duty in the morning was to find work for the boys who thronged the steps. I had the theory that work was better than alms for any man. So, with Ann’s help, I provided the tasks and promised liberal pay. Two of the ubiquitous Malones were set to clean the cellar—an hour’s job, probably.

“You had bettér remove anything that can be carried away,” I said to Ann. Probably they heard me.

My supplies were nearly exhausted. There was one bright-eyed little Dutch girl who had given me very efficient aid in finding out such as needed more money than the committee allowed them. Among others, a couple over seventy years old, to whom the sum we had raised for them was quite sufficient to keep in comfort their few remaining days.

“Peter is out picking rags to-day, and Mary has moved into Smith’s basement. It’s green with damp,” said my ally, that morning.

“I know, ma’am,” interpreting my look; “the rent of their room was paid for a year. But they’ve got it back, and put it and the rest in an old stocking. It’s for their berryin’, I guess; and Mary says, ‘It’s so comfortable to have a bit laid by.’”

My Quaker friend, Mrs. Reid, came in, and helped me for an hour or two. “I think,” she said, after awhile, “I will go around and see ‘Aurora and Flora.’” " Her heart had gone out curiously to them with the first garment of her little dead boy’s that she had put on them.

She came back in a few moments with her pleasant face flushed angrily. ‘There were in the coffee-bags again,” she cried. ‘There were two visitors from some Arch street society there, measuring the children all round for clothes.

They wondered what thee had done with thy very liberal supply.’ Mrs. Clincy was drunk. My baby’s clothes bought the liquor, no doubt,” her lips trembling.

I had no word of reply. As the supply waxed low, “beggars became choosers” in reality, and rode Ann’s patience to the last extremity. Scarcely an article had been, given to one of my countrymen, (for I have Irish blood in my veins, and consequently but little forbearance for them,) not an article, I say, about which they did not return with complaints. They never brought the garments with them, however.

“Thrue for you, Mrs. Cleary,” in a loud aside, where I could hear; ‘it wos a cowld night, harrd on the poor. The childher’s feet was froze intirely this mornin’.”

“Why, Mrs, Kelly, I gave you two beds, and full sets of comforters and blankets yesterday.”

“Was it bids, ma’am? Troth, I didn’t think as a leddy like yerself ’ud be callin’ them bits of things bids! An’ thim blankets hes about as much hate in as a linen rag. The childher's not used to sich. The feather bids as I bad burned were saxty pounds to the tick——”

“No matter—that’s enough.”

“Wich my mother gev me on my weddin’-day, God rest her sowl. ‘Mary,’ sez she——”

“Are you heré again, Mrs. Malone?”

“Saxty pounds to the tick—six beds burned! What does the Americans know of sich? onless a leddy like yerself,” with the usual sycophantic whine. ‘‘Indade, ma’am, an’ why shud I not be hare? It’s ony onct I’ve thrubbled: you be- fore.” Mrs. Malone’s yellow face had become as much a fixture in the parlor as the Psyche in the corner.

“What is it you need?”

“Faix,” with a courtesy, and a wave downward of her hands over her skinny figure, “hare I am; see for yerself, ma’am. There’s nine of the childher, beside himself, naked and starving, as ye may say.”

“Himself? I thought your husband died in the Libby prison?”

“Didn’t ye hare?” without a moment’s discomposure. “He come home last night, glory be to God! But he’s in the docthor’s hands at the present moment. It’s ony another weight for me poor hands to carry.”

“But the clothes I gave you?”

“Is it clothes? Ah! an’ now I remimber, ye give John a coat an’ meself an owld skirt. They weren’t much of fits, as ye’ll see for yerself; and that’s all, as the Good Man hears me.” It was very weak, no doubt; but, in spite of the knowledge that I was being swindled, so to

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text:
Page:How and what to grow in a kitchen garden of one acre (IA howwhattogrowin00darl).pdf/133

 spare, it is an excellent plan to sow two or three rows in the hotbed at each planting of seeds, which will furnish them for use several weeks before they can be had from the garden.

There is a general impression that radishes do not do well except in very light soil, while my experience is that it is mainly a matter of manure and cultivation, and that good radishes can be raised early in the season on the heaviest of soils, though later in the season they will not succeed unless the soil be favorable. Where “Night Soil” can be obtained and composted with ashes, it will make the finest kind of manure for the radish bed; but it should be applied with judgment, as it will burn up any crop if applied too heavily. This manure can hardly be so readily applied in a special location in the garden worked by horse power, and I strongly disapprove of making “beds” in such a garden; it should be kept as level as possible, that all the cultivation may be done with the wheel and horse hoes; while “beds” mean lots of slow hand work, and hard beaton ground in the paths and edges, that are perpetual sources of weeds; while in the level garden the location of rows and crops can be continually shifted, every portion of the ground being used, and none escaping cultivation.

For the earliest plantings, the small, very early kinds should be used, and these will grow the finest radishes of the season, fresh, crisp, and slightly pungent. For summer use, the large summer kinds, of very mild flavor, should be selected. These latter should be planted from the first of June until the first of August, after which I begin to sow the small

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Page:A description of Greenland.djvu/162

122 and proper Means to cultivate their Minds. In which Opinion I am confirmed by the Experience of ome who has for ome Time convered with us, epecially the young ones, who eaily have taken all what they have een or heard among us, whether it was good or bad. I have found ome of them witty enough, and of good Capacity.

Hough the Greenlanders are as yet ubject to no Government, nor know of any Magitrates, or Laws, or any ort of Dicipline; yet they are o far from being lawles, or diorderly, that they are a Law to themelves; their even Temper, and Good Nature making them oberve a regular and orderly Behaviour towards one  another.


text:
Page:The Pima Indians.pdf/14

Rh

title: Page:The Pima Indians.pdf/14


text: Page:The Hind and the Panther - Dryden (1687).djvu/58


text: Page:Pelman v. McDonald's Corporation (S.D.N.Y. 2003).pdf/1


text:
Page:The Pima Indians.pdf/15

10

title: Page:The Pima Indians.pdf/15


text:
Page:Peterson Magazine 1869B.pdf/223

206 CHARITY'S SECRET. speak, by this woman and her like, I gave them what they asked for. Poverty had made them rapacious, perhaps.

About noon there was a lull in the storm.

“Sbure, ma’am, they can’t say we’ve turned one empty-handed away,” sgid Ann, as she busied herself sorting away the remaining piles of clothing.

Ann had worked faithfully enough all week to entitle her to say ‘‘ we;” the ready tears coming as quickly to her blue eyes as the sharp word of her tongue,

I was neryously anxious there should be no complaint. I felt more deeply than I could ex- press the confidence placed in me by people who never saw my face, and was doubly fearful of failing in my duty.

After noon, however, the confusion waxed loud and fierce. The news had spread that after, today no more supplies would be received or given out, so convinced was I that the wants of all had been effectually relieved, Not one of the sufferers, I felt assured, was as comfortably provided for the winter, before the fire, as now. Several of the Germans, had told me this; most of them, the women, had taken possession of their. new rooms, and had already got work. Only one or two were here this afternoon. Be- sides these came the Clincys, the Grews, the Kellys, and all of that ilk, They broke out, in fresh numbers; the Joes appeared as Jobns, the pock-marked Peggys and Nans that had guarded the front door for days, arose, translated into Isabels and “me d’ater Constance, mem.”

They threw off all restraint, finding it was their last chance; they pulled, they dragged, they absolutely fought in the hall and vestibule, over the remaining articles.

Finding that some decisive measures were needed, as the evening came on, I enforced a moderate silence, and proceeded to divide the garments with as much justice as possible.

“Here is your bundle, Mrs. Holt. Will you go now, and make room for others?”

“My bundle, is it?” with a contemptuous sniff. ‘‘There’s none as needy as meself.”

“An’ that’s the God’s truth,” came a chorus. “She's a lone woman, with two arphant children, ma’am.”

“The committee restocked your shop?”

“An’ what’s a few bit of tapes an’ pins to keep three on? It’s little them Dutch have done for me. The b’ys are goin’ to help me out wid a ball. Mebbe ye’ll buy a ticket?” holding out a card, on which was printed, “Complimentary Supper. Mrs. Catharine Holt Admission fifty cents.’

“I think, with the ball and shop this bundle will be enough. You can go.”

A chuckle run round the room as Pa went out. “Good for yerself,” winking and nodding. ‘Much need has she of charity, Her two b’ys are grown young men, arning good wages.”

After that opened another phase of their character. They twitched my sleeve, they drew me to one corner, they beckoned, me ont to the hall.

“Them Smiths is imposing on you, good leddy. They’ve money in bank these ten years.”

‘Don’t give another haporth to dem Dutch. I saw, them selling what you giv ’em yesterday for whisky at Stulz’s, as I was a-going by to church.”

“I’d scorn to do that, I would. much feelin’.

After awhile they did not draw me aside, nor whisper, But one of them asked boldly,

“What are ye a-going to do wid that pile?” pointing to some clothes I had reserved for a woman too old to come out.

“It is for Mrs, Camp,”

“Camp, is it! Lord! ef the good people as sent these things could see how you giv to yer pets, and how the deservin’ is turned from your door! There’s them Myerses is rich,”

“That’s so! They're just rotten wid money.”

“As for me,” said a healthy, strapping Dutch girl, with her baby in her arms, “I’ve not had a rag given me,”

“No; nor will you have. Your husband has a good trade, owns the house he lives in, and you did not lose a penny’s worth by the fire.”

“I don’t care; my baby ought to be in short clothes now, and there’s lots here. They're not your’s to give; and I'll see if you dare to refuse them! They belong to us, hey!” facing me with both her black, staring eyes.

Ann opened the door, and said a few words in a low tone; and the girl went out, growling, Kerry blood told.

“Now,” said Ann, coming back into the fighting crowd, while I stood irresolute, ‘here's your bundles; the misthress’s sick ov the sight ov yez. Walk out,o’ that duer, and let me be shut ov yez for good,”

They went; but the squabbling, the abuse, the bitter taunts flung back, with all the sharpness of Irish wit and venom, made me more sick at heart than Ann could guess.

Mrs. Malone was the last. She gathered up some stray shoes in her apron, and stopping at the door, surveyed me with the furtive, watchful eyes peculiar to her race.

‘Well, good-by to ye, Mrs. Brettler! I hope v

title: Page:Peterson Magazine 1869B.pdf/223


text:
Page:How and what to grow in a kitchen garden of one acre (IA howwhattogrowin00darl).pdf/132

 pumpkins must all be gathered in and stored before any heavy frosts, as it will spoil and start them to rotting.

—This is very handsome and prolific, of small size, the pumpkins averaging about ten inches in diameter; the skin is a deep orange yellow. It is very fine grained in flesh, sweet in taste, and an excellent keeper.

—Of round shape, slightly ribbed and flattened at the ends; the skin is a rich golden orange color; the flesh is of extra quality, and very soft and tender when cooked. It is a splendid keeper, vigorous grower, and keeps well throughout the winter. These should be sown as soon as the ground can be worked in the spring, and successive sowings should be made every two or three weeks, as recommended with peas, lettuce, etc. Do not sow too many at one time, but sow frequently, that they may be had fresh and crisp; they soon become either hollow, or hard and woody, if allowed to stand long after they are of sufficient size for use. Where there is glass enough to


text: Page:Pelman v. McDonald's Corporation (S.D.N.Y. 2003).pdf/2


text:
Page:The Antigone of Sophocles (1911).djvu/44

40 At this I have no sense of pain. And now

If haply I do seem to you to play

The fool, it seems to me almost that I

This charge of folly from a fool incur.

In this the child betrays her parentage:

To evils dire she knows not how to yield.

But dispositions overstiff may break

And hardest iron, heated by the fire,

And highly tempered, oft will crack and snap;

And by a trifling curb highmettled steeds

Are oft obedient made. No claim for pride

Has one, when he is but his neighbor’s slave;

This girl knows how to show us insolence,—

Her first insult was to transgress the law,

And now a second, after this appears,

To laugh and boast at having done the deed.

In sooth I am no man—the man is she,

If she unpunished can defy the law.

What boots it if she be my sister’s child?

Were she still nearer to me than my own,

Nor she nor sister shall escape a doom

Most dire,—for both are equally to blame.

Go ye and call the other; for but now

I saw her reft of reason, raving mad.

The mind is oft detected ere its plots

Devised in darkness can be carried out.

Whoso convicted glorifies his crime

I hate no less than one who hides his sin.

Seek you a greater penalty than death?

Not I. When I have that, no more I seek.

Then why delay? You see your words by me

Are not approved, and may I ne’er behold the day

When words like these with my approval meet.

My views shall never be subscribed by you,

Nor yours by me. And yet how could I win

A nobler glory than by laying him,

My dear unburied brother, in the tomb?

All here their commendation would bestow,

Were not their tongues by fear of you engaoled.


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Page:The Pima Indians.pdf/40

] has published a series of Kiowa calendars that resemble those of the Sioux, but are more distinctly calendric.

In addition to these published records we have references to yet others that have wholly disappeared; references that can not now be verified. For example, the Iroquois are said to have maintained a record of their exploits in war by means of war posts on which notches indicated the occurrence of campaigns and conventional characters denoted the number of scalps and captives taken. Events of a certain class were thus recorded in chronologic order. Among the Santee Sioux Clark found a notched stick which he was assured represented the history of the tribe for more than a thousand years. Mooney suggests that this must have been used in connection with a chant similar to that accompanying the Walum Olam. However, it seems extremely improbable that any record should have survived the vicissitudes of an Indian camp for so long a period. The use of notched sticks for mere numeration is common enough in all cultures and among all peoples, but such a use as that made by the Santees is not, so far as known, mentioned elsewhere in the literature.

The writer was therefore greatly interested to discover no fewer than five notched calendar sticks among the Pimas. Two sticks were "told" to him by their possessors. The record covers a period of seventy years, dating from the season preceding the meteoric shower of November 13, 1833, as do the oldest of those discovered among the Kiowa. There are traditions of older sticks that have been lost or buried with their keepers. Juan Thomas, of the village of Blackwater, had lost his stick in some inexplicable manner, but he was continuing the history with pencil and paper, thus rendering it more nearly comparable to the calendars of the Plains tribes. It is noteworthy that the change from stick to paper introduced a tendency to use pictorial symbols rather than merely mnemonic characters, such as are most easily incised on the surface of a stick having clearly marked grain. Among the sticks there is an evident increase in the number and elaboration of characters which may be attributed to contact with the whites, though not to their direct influence, as the existence of the calendars has been almost entirely unknown to them.

The year begins with the saguaro harvest, about the month of June. At that time, also, the mesquite beans are ripening, as well as the cultivated crops. It is the season of feasting and rejoicing. No other annual occurrence can compare in importance with these festivities, so that it is not surprising that the years should be counted by harvests. The Lower California tribes, as described by Baegert

title: Page:The Pima Indians.pdf/40


text: Page:Pelman v. McDonald's Corporation (S.D.N.Y. 2003).pdf/3


text:
Page:Tristan and Iseult (Belloc 1914).djvu/144

 Then, as she cast it from her, she stretched her arms out in a cross, with the palms of her hands wide open, and all men saw them fresh and clean and cold. Seeing that great sight the kings and the barons and the people stood for a moment silent, then they stirred together and they praised God loudly all around.


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SOPHOCLES. No part of royalty’s estate exceeds

Supreme authority in words and deeds.

No other Theban sees it so but you.

The others too, but they suppress their thoughts.

And you feel otherwise and unashamed?

A filial pious act contains no shame.

Was he not brother, too, that fell his foe?

Aye, true, his parents, they were also mine.

Why act then with impiety to him?

The dead man will not say he deems it so.

He will; he sees you treat them both alike.

It was my brother, not a slave that died.

But he laid waste the land, the other saved.

But partial laws to Hades are unknown.

Yet equal rites the bad should not obtain.

Who knows if that be felt as just below?

A foe can never be a friend—e’en dead.

My heart admits no hate, but love for both.

To Hades then, and love, if love you must,

For while I live no woman masters me.

Lo, yonder at the door appears

Ismene shedding silver tears;

From clouds of sorrow on her brow

That shade and mar her beauty now

The rain in drops her cheek bedews,

Which crimson drops of blood suffuse.

And you, you viper lurking in my house,

And sucking my life’s blood, though unobserved,

I did not know that I was nurturing here

Two pests, in insurrection ’gainst my throne—

Come, tell me now, will you still further own

That you participated in the act

Of burial, or maintain you knew it not?


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 your prayers. They greet those who are cast down, and those in heart, those troubled and those filled with desire. May all herein find strength against inconstancy and despite and loss and pain and all the bitterness of loving.


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 1

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 1


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 2

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 2


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Page:The Antigone of Sophocles (1911).djvu/46

42 I did the deed; if she concurs,—I share

My part and bear the burden of the charge.

But justice will not, though I should, consent;

Since you would not, no share can I allow.

Yet in thy troubles I am not ashamed

To make myself the sharer of thy doom.

The dead and Hades know who did the deed;

I love not her who loves in words alone.

Refuse not, sister, my entreaty now

To die with thee and consecrate the dead.

Nay, share not thou my death, and do not claim

The deeds untouched by thee! Suffice my death.

What joy in life for me bereft of thee?

Ask Creon. He is thy concern and care.

When naught is to be gained, why pain me thus?

Pain truly do I feel, if I mock thee.

O how can I but serve thee even now?

By ’scaping death thyself—I grudge it not.

Ah! Must I acquiesce, not die with thee?

Thy choice was made to live, but mine to die.

But not without my protest made that choice.

Thy course was praised by these, by those my own.

Yet thy offense no greater is than mine.

Be brave, and live—my soul hath long been dead

That so I might now chiefly serve those gone.

Of these two maidens one has lost her wits,

The other had none from her day of birth.

The sense that one is born with ne’er abides,

O king, but leaves its seat, when mishap comes.

Yours did, when you mishapped to do misdeeds.

What life is life to me, bereft of her?


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 3

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 3


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 4

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 4


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 5

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 5


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 6

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 6


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 7

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 7


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 8

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 8


text:
Page:Holy Bible Berean Standard Bible.pdf/9

 The Creation (John 1:1–5; Hebrews 11:1–3)

In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth.

Now the earth was formless and void, and darkness was over the surface of the deep. And the Spirit of God was hovering over the surface of the waters.

The Second Day

The Third Day

The Fourth Day


text:
Page:Pelman v. McDonald's Corporation (S.D.N.Y. 2003).pdf/4

 Samuel Hirsch & Associates, New York NY by Samuel Hirsch, Esq., of Counsel, for Plaintiffs.

Winston & Strawn, New York, NY by Thomas J. Quigley, Esq., Bradley E. Lerman, Esq., Bruce R. Braun, Esq., of Counsel, Wildman, Harrold, Allen & Dixon, Chicago, IL by Anne G. Kimball, Esq., Sarah L. Olson, Esq., of Counsel, Harris Beach, LLP, New York, NY, by Judi Abbott Curry, Esq., Brian A. Bender, Esq., of Counsel, Badger & Levings, LLC, Kansas City, KS, by Elizabeth D. Badger, Esq., Theresa Levings, Esq., of Counsel, Balber, Pichard, Battistori, Maldonad & Vander Tuin, New York, NY, by Thomas P. Battistori, Esq., of Counsel, for Defendants.

SWEET, District Judge.


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Page:Peterson Magazine 1869B.pdf/224

CHARITY'S SECRET 207

the next fire they'll send their things where they'll be giv to the vartuous poor an’ not to them as plazes your fancy, mem. Good-evening, mem.” She turned to a woman beside her, and went on without lowering her tone, “She's young yet. She'll git more sense as she gits older. All the best things they kept, But them Brettlers is misabul trash. He's a quack doctor, I've heerd.”

The door shut behind them at last, George coming in, ran up to the sitting-room, and I followed with a heavy step. It was durk and cold; before I could ask what was the matter, Jane, the nurse, came in with a dismayed voice.

“Please, Mrs Brettler, them Clincy days Jet out the fire in the heater, and carried off the wraps from the metre, and the gas is dead froze, and they've made off with the spades; and as to the keg of butter——”

That was the last straw, I sat down in the dark, and, I am ashamed to say, cried bitterly.

I felt my husband's hand on wy head, stroking the hair very gently.

“It has been a hard week for you, poor Lou!”

“Yes, it has,” I broke out. “I never will try to do good again! I never want to hear of the ‘widows or the fatherless, if they are Irish! I don't wonder that charitable women get that look and manner as if they and the poor were machines together.”

George only said, “Let us have tea.” So we ate our supper by the flaring light of a tallow-candle, stuck in a bottle, for candlestick there was none.

As we went ont of the room, he said, “It is a little dismal here. Let us go for a walk.”

In spite of the cold I was glad of the chance of fresh air; ao I bathed my red eyes, put on wy cloak and bonnet, and we were soon out in a lonely street, the blue, dark sky overhead, with its glitter of eternal stars, and the frosty, exhilarating wind stirring our pulses,

I tried to put the misery of the world out of my head, as something with which I had no further work nor part, and to go back to my old cheerful self.

“Where are we going, George?” I said, as we stopped in front of one of the interminable rows of neat, cheap dwellings which form the suburbs of Philadelphia.

“I want you to see one of my patients,” he ssid, leading me straight up the staira. “She has the rooms on the second floor.”

He knocked at a door—an authoritative, doctor's knock—and went in. I followed him. The rooms were clean, but barely furnished, On a bed, near the door, lay an old woman, with one of the most reserved, honest, straightforward faces I ever had seen, The sandy bair was drawn back under her cap; her features bad that peculiar, pinched look, given by long, patient suffering, I did not need George's whisper to make me “be kind to her.”

“This is my wife, Mrs, Lennox. I would have brought her sooner to see you, but she has been occupied since I first came to you.”

She bowed gravely, holding out her hand,

“Your husband has been very kind to me, madam,”

He did not tell me that.”

“Then I must. I can live but a few years now, they tell me, and it is owing to him those years will be comfortable and happy. I have no fear of my girl's life, now.” She glanced as she said this to a young girl near the fire, who had been sewing, but now got up and stood looking at us,

I had no recollection of having seen her before; it was not until she came close, speaking, that I remembered the girl whom I had driven from the door on Tuesday-night. Now that her dress was exchanged for a plain, dark calico, her skin clean, and her fair hair smoothly brushed back, she was a homely, attractive- looking girl, with her mother’s peculiar honorable, undaunted look on her face,

My husband stooped over the bed to make some professional inquiries, and the girl moved slightly aside, beckoning me to her side.

“You remember me?”

“Yes, Margaret Lennox.”

“I wish that mother should not know of my visit to you. It is not long now, and I do not want her to know how near I was to——”

I held out my hand. “I wronged you that night. I am sorry——”

“No. You—— I would have been all you thought me, if God had not sent your husband to me. I was desperate, Mother had eaten nothing all day. I couldn't see her die before my eyes. Dr. Brettler tells me that if I had prayed, God would have heard me. I don't know. He takes care of us whether we remember him or not, I think.”

I could say nothing. The bitter gnawing of ineffectual effort was sharp at my heart.

It was very unjust,” I said, at last.

“I hardly remember. I would have done anything that night for money,” her eyes wandering. “I could not see her die, I could not get work. I went and lied to you. But I went out to get money, I would have had it, at any price—at any price.”

“Have you work now?” to turn her thoughts. �

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text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 9

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 9


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 10

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 10


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 11

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 11


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 12

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 12


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 13

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 13


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 14

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 14


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 15

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 15


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 16

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 16


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 17

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 17


text: Hollyhock House/Chapter 18

title: Hollyhock House/Chapter 18


text: Hollyhock House

title: Hollyhock House


text:
Page:Peterson Magazine 1869B.pdf/225

208 CHARITY'S SECRET.

"Yes- zephyr work. It pays well- over a dollar a day. Your husband got me a place in the factory, and leave to bring my work home. " Her face brightened quickly. It was naturally cheerful, intelligent, and, as I have said, true. Her mother was, as I afterward learned, a north country Irishwoman, with better cultivation than most of her class.

Dr. Brettler sat talking as he but seldom exerted himself to do. I saw that so deep was the feeling for him with both of these women, that his visit was more helpful, and more of a cordial than any which money could buy.

"You have your tea drawn, Margaret," he said, glancing at the kettle on the stove. 66 Will you spare us a cup? My wife will tell you our supper was anything but cheerful."

Margaret's face flushed with pleasure as she handed us the cups. As we drank the tea, I gave her mother a slight outline of the day's history. She listened gravely. She had a shrewd, thoughtful face.

"That's the way! That's the way !" shaking her head." And then the kindest-hearted people get discouraged, and hardened, and wash their hands of the poor!"

"What is wrong, then, Mrs. Lennox ? Why should these people have been generous and helpful to each other until this public aid was offered? The first appearance of help from the rich seemed to rouse the worst passions of their nature. They were greedy, envious, ungrateful. "

"I don't know if I can say rightly what I think. But it seems to me, ma'am, as if the rich and poor never could understand each other unless they changed places. You give, thinking you are generous- and so you are ; but you don't see that the poor take it with a feeling they've had secretly all their lives, that it is their right; that you cheat them, so long as you wear your silk dresses, and they wear rags. The more kept down a people have been, the more they feel that. But don't give up, madam- don't give up!"

We bade her good-night soon after, and walked slowly home. Ann had aired the parlor, removed the dusty drugget from the floor, and rade a fire in the open grate, which cast a soft, red light over the pretty room, more heartsome than any other could be. Before it sat Charley, keeping his eyes open with staring at it.

I was not tired now. When I sat down, happy and thankful for my pleasant home and the loving faces opposite me, I did not forget the friendly, Irish heart of Ann, with her quick insight and sensitive nature. It only made the riddle deeper that puzzled me. George romped with Charley awhile, and then sang for us. Soon Charley fell asleep, and we were left alone.

"How could you do so much for Mrs. Lennox, George?" I said. I knew how straitened he was.

"I could do but little myself; but there is a systematized machinery of charity here, sufficient to relieve all the need that exists. It only requires to be set in motion.”

"Well!" I sighed, "I want to be a helper in the world, but I am disappointed, George."

"I am sorry, Lou."

"This was but a little matter, I know, but it is an index; and it seems to me there's a great gulf between the two classes, even in this country, that charity will never bridge over.”

"Alms-giving will not. "

"What then?"

"I think old Mrs. Lennox had partly seen the truth; the poor need to have their birth, their education, the generations of vice and oppression that went before them, to be considered before we can understand them. Sympathy and help are more wanted by dwarfed minds, and warped consciences, than starved bodies; though I give all my goods to feed the poor, and have not charity, it profiteth me nothing. " "But their minds are not always dwarfed, Mrs. Lennox is a far cleverer woman than I, I doubt not. Generally, when that is the case. they are rough, impertinent. They assert their equality by ill-breeding. And again; are you to go on trying to help, when, in nine cases out of ten, you will be misjudged or imposed upon."

"Isn't it worth the risk?”

"I don't know. Well, at all events, I am glad you persisted in helping Margaret Lennox, impostor as she was at first. She had a sterling nature, her face speaks it. And you saved her, dear George!" my heart choked me. "You know what is promised to him who converts a sinner? he shall save his own soul alive'—is not that it?"

"No. But, dear Lou, " he said with an effort, " would not this gulf you talked of be bridged over, if we thought less of our own generosity, or danger of being cheated or misjudged, and met every man, the rich as the poor, on the simple platform of God's creatures, sure to need help for something as we ourselves do. We should fear neither impertinence from the one class, nor aggression from the other, in that case. Our brothers -isn't that the secret?"

Now this all happened a long time ago. But I often ask myself now, seeing how His suns shine and rains fall on all alike, not heeding their response, " God's creatures-is that the secret?"

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Rh another. One cannot enough admire how peaceable, lovingly and united they live together: Hatred and Envy, Strifes and Jars are never heard of among them. And although it may happen, that one bears a Grudge to another, yet it never breaks out into any Scolding, or Fighting; neither have they any Words to expres uch Paions, or any injurious and proviking Terms of Quarrelling. It has happened once or twice, that a very wicked and malicious Fellow, out of a ecret Grudge, has killed another; which none of the Neighbours have taken Notice of, but all let it pas with a urprizing Indolence; ave the next Kindred to the Dead, if he finds himelf trong enough, revenges his Relation's Death upon the Murderer. They know of no other Punihment. But thoe old Women called Witches, and uch as pretend to kill or hurt by thier conjur- ing;


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 GUARDY'S PEARL.

BY DAISY VENTNOR.

I NEVER was so provoked in my life—no, never! And to think that I had made such a ridiculous goose of myself before that white witch, Marguerite Vivian; and that now Guardy would have an excellent excuse for But, oh, dear! you don’t know who Guardy is. A fine mixed up affair Tam making of my story; let’s go back and begin all over again.

I, the desperately provoked individual, am Kathie Trevor, and, as I lost my parents before I was old enough to remember anything about them, I am the blissful possessor of a guardian, who rejoices in the name of Gerald King, but whom I always call “Guardy” for short, or, sometimes, when I’m very angry with him, “Lord Magnifico.” Of course, you will suppose that, like most guardians, mine is old, cross, and crabbed. I beg leave to contradict you. He is not very old, only thirty-three, and handsome as—as the Apollo Belvidere and Raphael’s cherubs combined; or, better still, he’s a thorough-bred American gentleman, and that species is difficult to surpass, with all due deference to our English cousins. Don’t imagine that I fell in love with him—thank you! I'd as soon be bewitched with the Sphinx; and, moreover, all the heart I had belonged to Charley Blake, which was the rock that Guardy and I split upon. Have patience, and I'll tell you the story.

I have the misfortune to be an heiress; yes, it is a misfortune, for poor Charley gets the credit of running after my money, when I know he’d love me just as well if I hadn’t a penny. I am only seventeen years old, and have been at boarding-school the greater part of my days, until a year ago, when I came back to New York to live with aunt Frances, and be bothered with Guardy. He returned from Europe about that time; and as he, like myself, is'an orphan, aunt invited him to come and live with us in Madison Avenue. I know she wanted to make a match between Guardy and me, an@ it puts me out of all patience when I remember how she acted. I am convinced that Guardy saw through it, and that he was only induced to remain in our domicile by my utter and extreme indifference upon the subject of his handsome self. Where both parties refuse to be coaxed into a tender passion, (isn’t that what they call it in novels?) it’s rather up hill work for the poor match-maker; so aunt gave it up in despair, and pounced upon me in no end of a rage because Charley was so devoted. We used to go skating every day, and she scolded, and finally appealed to Guardy as supreme authority to stop it. And Guardy, very good-naturedly, I admit, only said, Kathie is old enough to behave herself, and if she wants to skate with young Blake I have no earthly objection.” To which I elegantly responded that he was “a brick;” and he looked annoyed, and mounted his magnificent stilts immediately, and read me a long lecture upon the extreme vulgarity of “slang.”

But the grand climax came to pass about a month after, just before Christmas. Charley and I had been out skating all the afternoon, and we came home dreadfully cold; so I invited him to come into the library. It was only lit by the grate-fire, and I knelt down on the hearth-rug to get warm; so, of course, Charley took the opportunity to be affectionate, and having bestowed two kisses, was in the act of perpetrating a third, when out walked Guardy from the window-seat, and said in an awful voice,

«Kathie, what am I to understand from this?” I had never heard him speak so sternly, and I was too frightened to say one word; but Charley answered,

«Don’t be angry with Kathie, Mr. King. It's all my fault.”

I think Guardy rather liked his honesty, for he looked a shade less dreadful as he motioned Charley to a chair.

“The—the truth is,” said Charley, hesitating a little at his own impudence, ‘Kathie and I love each other dearly, and,” here he had the grace to blush, ‘‘and,” with a burst of candor, I haven't got a cent, you know: we Blakes are not rich, though we are good blood.” Here Charley looked proud, and I saw Guardy’s eyes twinkle.

“Well?” said he, coolly, as Charley took breath. Provoking wretch, he would not help us one bit! “Don’t you see,” I interposed, “I mean to give Charley all my money when we get married, and then it won’t make a particle of odds who was original owner.’

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124 ing; to uch they hew great Rigour, making nothing of killing and detroying them without Mercy. And they pretend that it is very well done; thoe People not deerving to live, who by ecret Arts can hurt and make away with others.

They have as great an Abhorrency of Stealing or Thieving among themelves, as any Nation upon Earth; wherefore they keep nothing hut up under Lock and Key, but leave every thing unlock'd, that every body can come at it, without fear of loing it.

This Vice is o much deteted by them, that if a Maiden hould teal any thing, he would thereby forfeit a good Match. Yet if they can lay Hands upon any thing belonging to us Foreigners, they make no great Scruple of Cocience about it. But, as we now have lived ome Time in the Country amongt them, and are look'd upon as true Inhabitants of the Land, they at


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 210 GUARDY'S PEARL.

Will you consent to let her belong to me some day?” said Charley, by way of a clincher. There! our secret was told, and vexed enough Guardy was about it. In the first place, he informed us that I was much too young to even think of being engaged, and intimated that Charley was not much better off. Secondly, according to the will of my father, I could not marry until I came of age, unless by special consent of my guardian. Thirdly, it was a fancy which we would each recover from without serious detriment to our hearts, and he must forbid me to think of such nonsense just at present. All this was said in Guardy’s most tranquil and placid manner, which always makes me feel as if I were beating against a rock, or blank wall, and makes me a little more angry than any other of his extremely aggravating ways. He was amiable enough to say that he knew he could trust me not to do clandestinely what he had forbidden; and he was sorry that he must ask Mr. Blake to cease his daily visits for the next six months, And then, all at once, he marched over and took Charley’s hand. “My dear boy,” said he, kindly, ‘‘don’t think me a brute, but I must do my duty by that child in a straightforward manner. You have a manly heart; take my refusal in good part if you can, and when you grow older you will appreciate better the awkward dilemma which you two children have placed me in today;” and, without allowing me to say a word, he bowed poor Charley out of the room. Of course, I was furious, and stormed until Guardy opened his handsome eyes upon me in perfect amazement. I assured him that I had not the smallest intention of obeying him; and I am ashamed now to remember how I talked. The scene ended by my being left to expend my passion alone, and Guardy went off to consult aunt Frances as to fit punishment for his refractory ward. I fully expected to be banished to some remote country school in supreme disgrace; so you may fancy my surprise when Guardy informed me, the next day, that I was invited to spend a month at Rainsford Priory, and that aunt Frances and he had concluded that I had better accept it. He was so good-natured to forget all my wicked speeches of the day before, and so politely ignored any offence, that my conscience smote me, and I was half inclined to tell him why I was pleased with the plan. You see, Charley and I had talked the matter over-beforehand. He had a houseful of cousins, the Dares, nice, jolly girls, who lived near Rainsford Priory, and they had asked Charley to go up and spend Christmas week with them.

Now Mrs. Rainsford was Marguerite Vivian’s sister, and Marguerite had hinted to me that I would be invited to the Priory when she paid her annual visit there. And to think that Guardy should fall into the trap, and send me right to the very place where Charley and I had planned to have such fun! I very nearly laughed outright.

“What makes you look so mischievous, Kathie?” asked he.

“Nothing,” said I, drawing down the corners of my mouth very demurely. “I’m sure it’s very thoughtful and kind of Marguerite.”

“Who?” said Guardy, suddenly.

“Marguerite Vivian, of course,” said I, rather wondering why he took me up in such a hurry. “Do you know her, Guardy? Isn’t she lovely?”

“I have not seen Miss Vivian for some years,” said he, as he took up. the morning paper. “As I remember her, you would do well to imitate her elegant repose of manner, Kathie.”

After which criticism, I indignantly left him to his own reflections.

Aunt Frances was occupied for two days in packing my dresses, and scolding me for my past-sins. And by the time I got into the train with my maid, Martha, bestowed on the opposite seat, I was in such a state of nervous irritation that I would hardly speak to Guardy, or bid him a good-by. I think I should have been quite amiable and obedient under Guardy’s tuition in those days, if aunt Frances had not persisted in rubbing my unfortunate temper the wrong way upon every occasion. It was useless for me to attempt reading when I felt so cross; so I tried to go to sleep, and almost succeeded, when at last the brakeman sung out ‘Chestnut Hill,” and Martha jumped up in a violent hurry.

Martha is a dreadfully stupid person, and the worst possible sort of a traveler. Out on the platform I walked, and there was Marguerite and Mrs. Rainsford in the sleigh waiting for me, and in another sleigh beside them the three Dare girls, and Charley!

“How late you are, little girl,” said Marguerite’s calm voice, in a pause between the noisy greetings of the Dares; ‘this is my sister, Kathie, and we are delighted to have you come and lighten the monotony of the country in such cold weather.”

Mrs. Rainsford was a bright-eyed, beautiful brunette, not a particle like her sister; but somehow, though she kissed me with what the French call effusion, I did not trust her. Charley came around to tuck in the robe at my side of the sleigh, and whispered in my ear,

“I’m so glad you've come, Kathie, I shall

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SOPHOCLES. Say naught of her, for she no longer lives.

What! Will you slay your son’s affianced bride?

Yes. There are other fields for him to plow.

But ne’er such love and plighted troth as theirs.

My son shall never have a wicked wife.

O dearest Hæmon! by your father wronged!

Have done with you and with your ‘plighted troth’!

And will you really rob your son of her?

Nay, ’t is the Grave shall stop their wedding.

The sentence, then, is passed that she must die?

By your vote and by mine! No more delay!

Slaves, take them in! From this time on they

Within doors must be kept, as women should.

For verily the bold will oft essay

When they see Death approach, to run away.

Oh! blessed are they whose days are free from trouble and sorrow!

On the house once shaken of heaven will fall a curse on the morrow,

A curse to abide, e’en unto the next generation,

As when the fierce blasts of Thrace, as they form

The huge waves, driving on through darkness and storm,

From the depths rolling up the black sand, even so tribulation

Surges o'er that house—waves pouring

Full on the banks and the rocks

Wind-swept with sullen roaring

And loud resounding shocks.


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126 As oon as a Viitor enters the Houe, he is deired forthwith to trip tark naked, and to it down in this Guie like all the ret; for this is the grand Fahion with them, to dry the Clothes of their Guet. When Victuals are put before him, he takes Care not to fall a eating immediately, for fear of being look'd upon as tarvd, or of paing for a Glutton. He mut tay till all the Family is gone to Bed, before he can lie down; for to them it eems unbecoming, that the Guet goes to Ret before the Landlord. Whenever a Stranger comes into a Houe, he never aks for Victuals, though never o hungry; nor is there any need he hould; for they generally exercie great Hopitality, and are very free with what they have; and what is highly to be admired and they have mot Things in common. And, if there be any among them (as it will happen) who cannot work, nor get his Livelihood, they do not let him tarve, but admit him freely to their Table, in which they confound us Chritians, who uffer o many poor and ditreed


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'''2 The Fifth Day

The Sixth Day

The Seventh Day(Exodus 16:22–30; Hebrews 4:1–11)

Thus the heavens and the earth were completed in all their vast array. And by the seventh day God had finished the work He had been doing; so on that day He rested from all His work.

Then God blessed the seventh day and sanctified it, because on that day He rested from all the work of creation that He had accomplished.

Man and Woman in the Garden

This is the account of the heavens and the earth when they were created, in the day that the LORD God made them.

Now no shrub of the field had yet appeared on the earth, nor had any plant of the field sprouted; for the LORD God had not yet sent rain upon the earth, and there was no man to


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 anticipating my wishes before they had time to ripen to maturity; and I cannot but confess, that they several times accomplished their designs as perfectly as they could wish. I returned involuntarily their kindness, as if enchanted. They succeeded to make me more unreserved; and if not the few hours, in which I was not in their company, had weakened the impressions of the rest, I should scarcely have been able to avoid an intoxication which would have ruined me for ever.

"Amongst the young men by whom I was surrounded, one distinguished himself particularly. He was of a most beautiful form, animated with a very dangerous fire, of polished manners, and an insinuating disposition, which rendered him pliable to all my wishes. He seemed to claim my favour in a more particular manner than the rest, depended entirely upon my looks, and was happy or unhappy as my humour changed. Never have the wiles of the most cunning seduction

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events recorded in the last chapter took place on a Tuesday. On Thursday afternoon, Mary was surprised, in the midst of some little bustle in which she was engaged, by the entrance of Will Wilson. He looked strange, at least it was strange to see any different expression on his face to his usual joyous beaming appearance. He had a paper parcel in his hand. He came in, and sat down, more quietly than usual.

"Why, Will! what's the matter with you? You seem quite cut up about something!"

"And I am, Mary! I'm come to say good-bye; and few folk like to say good-bye to them they love."

"Good-bye! Bless me, Will! that's sudden, is not it?"

Mary left off ironing, and came and stood near the fire-place. She had always liked Will; but now it


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44

So I see on the house of the Labdacidæ woe upon woe,

On the living fresh billows of sorrow from troubles of eld ever we flow;

And release there is none to the home of the child from the home of the father,

But some god overthrows the whole line, no soul

Obtaineth deliv’rance from dole;

For the last light of hope which was spread o’er the root, now another

Fell scythe from the gods infernal

Mows down by speech unrestrained;

For the house destruction eternal

The infatuate heart hath gained.

Thy power, O Zeus, can the trespass of man control?

Even sleep that bends all to its will is unable,

And the unwearied months of the gods,—nay, stable

Is thy throne in Olympus, while countless ages roll,

And high

In the dazzling sheen of the sky

Thou dwellest forever.

This law holds good for the past,

It holds for to-day and to-morrow:

For a man in store there is sorrow,

If he gaineth too much,—nothing vast

Can come

Without a curse in the sum

Of man’s life and endeavor.

For hope that wanders so wide encourageth those,

And to these it bringeth but gladness and cheer,

While to others disaster and many a tear,

Frustrated their foolish desires, which the fates oppose,

And they

Walk on unaware of the day

Till they step in the fire.

Some sage hath uttered this word:


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Rh ditreed Mortals to perih for Want of Victuals.

Finally the Greenlanders, as to their Manners and common Way of Life, are very lovenly, naty and filthy; they eldom wah themelves, will eat out of Plates and Bowls after their Dogs, without cleaning them; and (what is mot naueous to behold) eat Lice and uch like Vermin, which they find upon themelves or others. Thus they make good the old Proverb, What drips from the Noe, falls into the Mouth; that nothing may be lot. They will crape the Sweat from off their Faces with a Knife, and lick it up. They do not bluh to it down


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many days after John Barton's funeral was over, all was arranged respecting Jem's appointment at Toronto; and the time was fixed for his sailing. It was to take place almost immediately yet much remained to be done; many domestic preparations were to be made; and one great obstacle, anticipated by both Jem and Mary, to be removed. This was the opposition they expected from Mrs. Wilson, to whom the plan had never yet been named.

They were most anxious that their home should continue ever to be hers, yet they feared that her dislike to a new country might be an insuperable objection to this. At last Jem took advantage of an evening of unusual placidity, as he sat alone with his mother just before going to bed to broach the subject; and to his surprise she acceded willingly to his proposition of her accompanying himself and his wife.


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128 down and eae themelves in the Preence of others. Every Family has a Urine Tub placed before the Entry, in which they make Water, and leave it o tanding, till it mells mot inufferably; for they put in it the Skins, which are to be dreed, for to oak or teep in it, which affords not the agreeablet Scent; to the encreaing of which the rotten Pieces of Fleh Meat and Fat, thrown under their Benches, contribute a great deal; o that delicate Noes do not find their Account among them. Yet through long Cutom the mot naueous Things become more upportable.

Yet notwithtanding their naty and mot beatly Way of living, they are very good natur'd and friendly in Converation. They can be merry and bear a Joke, provided it be within due Bounds. Never any of them has offered in the leat Manner to hurt or do Harm to any of our People, unles provok'd to it. They fear and repecct us as a Nation far uperior to theirs in Valour and Strength.


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SOPHOCLES. Oft evil seems good to the vain

Whom the god leadeth on to bane,

Blind and deaf, hath not seen, hath not heard,

And lo!

Into mischief and woe

He plunges entire.

But look where Hæmon, of thy sons

The last and youngest, yonder comes.

Is he lamenting,

In anguish resenting

The fraud, Antigone’s ’spousal denied,

The cruel doom of his promised bride.

[Hæmon enters L.

We soon shall know more sure than seers can tell.

My son, thou ’rt certainly not come in rage

Against thy father, hearing our just doom

Irrevocable passed on thy betrothed?

Or are we dear to thee, do what we may?

Thou art my father; rules that thou dost give

For my direction, I obey, for thy

Good guidance I esteem a greater gain

To me than any marriage I could make.

Ay, this, my son, should ever be thy thought,

To let thy father’s will in all come first.

For this men, pray to rear within their homes

The children born to them all dutiful,

That they pay back in kind their father’s foe,

Their father’s friend such equal honer’ show.

But he to whom is born a worthless child,

What else hath he but trouble for himself

Begot and exultation for his foes?

Therefore, my son, let not a woman’s charm

Allure thee so that mere desire for her

Will cast thy reason out, for be assured

An evil woman in thy home to share

Thy bed affords a chill embrace. What sore

More ulcerous and painful far can be

Than this—a faithless friend. O cast away

The loathsome thing, and let this girl, as though


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Rh

Clothes are, for the mot part, made of and Seal Skin, as alo of Birds Skin nicely dreed and prepared. The Men's Habits are a Coat or Jacket, with a Cap or Hood ewed to it, to cover the Head and Shoulders, in the Fahion of a Domino, or Monk's Hood. This Coat reaches down to the Knees. Their Breeches are very mall, not coming above their Loins, that they may not hinder them in getting into their mall Boats. And as they wear no Linen, the Hairs of the Skins the Coat is made of, is turned inward, to keep them warm. Over this Coat they put on a large Frock, made of Seal Skin dreed and tanned, without Hair, in order to keep the Water out; and thus they are dreed when they go to Sea. Rh


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Rh to the public by. He was the son of a rigorously puritanic priest, and was born in Copenhagen on the 18th of November, 1743. In his eleventh year, immediately after the death of his father, he was sent to Slesvig, where an old, pedantic rector was charged with the difficult task of educating the merry, vivacious boy, in whose soul were already dawning the many-hued images of poetry. While yet a mere boy his imagination was so vivid that it at times utterly overpowered him and carried him away. Thus when only thirteen years old he once ran away from the house of his tutor with the intention of going to Holland. From there he was going to Batavia, trusting that a favorable destiny would cause him to be shipwrecked and cast him on some deserted island. He had just been reading Robinson Crusoe. When the seven years' war broke out he was seized with an irresistible desire of becoming a soldier, and life in Slesvig, with its scholastic drudgery, became unendurable to him. In order to be released from this thraldom and to be allowed to enter the military academy, he wrote a letter to his mother relating a dream that he fancied he had had, in which an angel had appeared to him with a sword in one hand and a pen in the other, and the angel had asked him which of the two he preferred; and then, when as a dutiful son he had seized hold of the pen, the angel had frowned on him. But this expedient availed him nothing, and in his fifteenth year he became a student at Copenhagen. Here occurred an event which suddenly gave a new turn to his life. He made the acquaintance of a beautiful young girl, by name Arense Hulegaard, a relative of his step-father, and his youthful heart was at once kindled with an ardent love which only became extinct with his death. Realizing that if he continued the study of theology, which he had begun, at least ten years would elapse before he could obtain his beloved, there again awoke in him his old dreams of military renown and fortune. Without communicating his plans to anyone, and without taking formal leave, the sixteen-year-old youth left his home to


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 This triteness blinds us to the singular felicity with which the observations have been verified, a felicity which makes many of the phrases still proverbial. The mark is so plain that we do scant justice to the accuracy and precision with which it is hit. Yet when we notice how every epithet tells, and how perfectly the writer does what he tries to do, we may understand why Pope extorted contemporary admiration. We may, for example, read once more the familiar passage about Buckingham. The picture, such as it is, could not be drawn more strikingly with fewer lines.

It is as graphic as a page of Dickens, and has the advantage of being less grotesque, if the sentiment is equally obvious. When Pope has made his hit, he does not blur the effect by trying to repeat it.

In these epistles, it must be owned that the sentiment is not only obvious but prosaic. The moral maxims are delivered like advice offered by one sensible man to another, not with the impassioned fervour of a prophet.

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214 become a Prussian hussar. As a hussar he intended to enter upon a career which was soon to raise him to greatness and send him home to his Arense. But things turned out quite otherwise than he had imagined. Instead of becoming a "Kammerhussar," as had been promised him, he was compelled to accept the position of a common infantry soldier, and he fared no better when he deserted the Prussians and went to the Austrians. After a year and a half of dangers and privations, through which he contracted the physical weakness that caused him so much suffering in after life, he again deserted and returned to Copenhagen. Two years later he passed his theological examination, but Arense married another man. Henceforth Ewald abandoned all hope of earthly happiness, and in this frame of mind he wrote the prose narrative "Lykkens Tempel," which was published by the "society for the advancement of the beautiful and the useful," after it had been sent back to the author several times for revision and correction.

The same year in which this story was published the society offered a prize for an ode on the attributes of divinity. Ewald competed, but instead of the required ode he handed in a lyrical drama, the "Adamiade." It was sent back to him with the remark that it certainly showed a "faint glimmering of genius," and he was asked to mend and improve it, whereupon Ewald declared that "if he could not be the first poet in the realm, he did not care to be the second," and therewith he undertook to recast and work over his poem until "all had to confess that since the days of King Skjold his equal had not been seen." While he was engaged on the revision of this poem, it became apparent to him that what he most of all lacked was thorough knowledge, and so he resolved not to write a line for two years, but devote all his time to study and reading. Of the poets he studied, Corneille and Klopstock had the greatest charm for him, and the latter especially exercised a powerful influence on the development of his poetical talent, an influence, however, from which he later gradually emancipated himself.


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 Nor can Pope often rise to that level at which alone satire is transmuted into the higher class of poetry. To accomplish that feat, if, indeed, it be possible, the poet must not simply ridicule the fantastic tricks of poor mortals, but show how they appear to the angels who weep over them. The petty figures must be projected against a background of the infinite, and we must feel the relations of our tiny eddies of life to the oceanic currents of human history. Pope can never rise above the crowd. He is looking at his equals, not contemplating them from the height which reveals their insignificance. The element, which may fairly be called poetical, is derived from an inferior source; but sometimes has passion enough in it to lift him above mere prose.

In one of his most animated passages, Pope relates his desire to—

For the moment he takes himself seriously; and, indeed, he seems to have persuaded both himself and his friends that he was really a great defender of virtue. Arbuthnot begged him, almost with his dying breath, to continue his "noble disdain and abhorrence of vice," and, with a due regard to his own safety, to try rather to reform than chastise; and Pope accepts the office ostentatiously. His provocation is "the strong antipathy of good to bad," and he exclaims,—

If the sentiment provokes a slight incredulity, it is yet

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Rh His two years set apart for study had not yet expired when his mother persuaded him to participate in a competition for the prize offered for the best poem on the death of Frederik V (1766). Ewald yielded to her entreaties and wrote the most beautiful lyric poem that had ever been composed in Denmark, and thus laid the foundation of his great fame as a lyric poet. In the year 1769 the Adamiade appeared in a revised edition with the title changed to "Adam and Eve, a biblical drama in five acts." The work shows to what a degree Ewald had become Klopstock's disciple, while there are also found traces of Corneille's influence. In spite of this Ewald's own deep, poetical nature also reveals itself in many passages, and though the poet is not perfect master of the dramatic form, which by the way was not at all suited to the subject, and though his style is somewhat artificial and bombastic, still the work is of great interest as the first serious attempt made in Danish literature in solving a great poetical problem in a grand style. The poet now made Klopstock's acquaintance, who strengthened his purpose of taking the theme for his next book from Danish legendary history, and he chose the story of Rolf Krage as told by Saxo. In 1770 there appeared a tragedy written in prose, entitled Rolf Krage, which notwithstanding its manifest faults contains passages of great beauty, and which is well worthy of our attention, since it imparted the first impulse to a fertile national movement in the field of art.

After a few satirical dramas and a number of excellent lyrical poems there appeared in 1773 the tragedy, "Balder's Death," the materials for which had also been borrowed from Saxo, and which is distinguished for the beauty of its style and language. It was the first drama in Denmark written in iambic pentameters, and there is a ring in the verses, particularly in the interludes, such as had never before been heard in the Danish language. Ewald composed this tragedy in the little village of Rungsted, which has a romantic situation on the Sound, and which he has glorified in one of his


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216 most beautiful poems, "Rungsted's Lyksaligheder" (The bliss of Rungsted). Thither he withdrew, abandoned by relations and friends. An inexorable fate continued to pursue the unhappy poet. His health had gradually become utterly broken down, and he was almost constantly racked by excruciating pains. There were but few who understood him, and the work which occupied him was by most people regarded as a breadless profession, and he was looked upon as a worthless fellow. Everybody turned away from him, and to escape absolute starvation he was obliged to degrade his poetical gifts by the composition of paid poems for certain occasions, and finally it was even proposed to send him to the poor-house. But in spite of all this he managed to keep up his spirits, and many of his most exquisite works date from this very period of illness and indigence. At last even fate seemed weary of persecuting him, and the government gave him a salary which enabled him to live an independent life in Copenhagen, where the number of his friends and admirers rapidly increased. Here he wrote in 1779 his last great work "Fiskerne" (the fishermen), a dramatized picture of the life of the people on the coast, among whom he had dwelt so long. In this book, unquestionably Ewald's best work, are found the songs "Kong Kristian stod ved höien Mast" (King Christian stood by the lofty mast), which has ever since been the favorite national song of the Danes, and "Liden Gunvor" (Little Gunvor), in which the spirit and tone of the popular ballad has been reproduced in a masterly manner. The sunshine which burst through the clouds on the poet's return to the capital as a result of brighter and happier conditions of life did not last long. His health was and remained ruined, and his illness soon so completely overpowered him that he frequently was unable to wield even a pen. "Fiskerne" was the result of the last blazing up of his gigantic spirit, which only the most intense suffering could compel to utter the faintest complaint, and this exquisite poem was


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 worth while to understand its real meaning; and the explanation is not very far to seek.

Pope's best writing, I have said, is the essence of conversation. It has the quick movement, the boldness and brilliance, which we suppose to be the attributes of the best talk. Of course the apparent facility is due to conscientious labour. In the Prologue and Epilogue and the best parts of the imitations of Horace, he shows such consummate mastery of his peculiar style, that we forget the monotonous metre. The opening passage, for example, of the Prologue is written apparently with the perfect freedom of real dialogue; in fact, it is of course far more pointed and compressed than any dialogue could ever be. The dramatic vivacity with which the whole scene is given, shows that he could use metre as the most skilful performer could command a musical instrument. Pope, indeed, shows in the Essay on Criticism, that his view about the uniformity of sound and sense were crude enough; they are analogous to the tricks by which a musician might decently imitate the cries of animals or the murmurs of a crowd; and his art excludes any attempt at rivalling the melody of the great poets who aim at producing a harmony quite independent of the direct meaning of their words. I am only speaking of the felicity with which he can move in metre, without the slightest appearance of restraint, so as to give a kind of idealized representation of the tone of animated verbal intercourse. Whatever comes within this province he can produce with admirable fidelity. Now in such talks as we imagine with Swift and Bolingbroke, we may be quite sure that there would be some very forcible denunciation of corruption—corruption being of course regarded as due to the diabolical agency of Walpole. During his later years,

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36 more than a century ago, similarly numbered the years. A space of three years would be expressed by the term "three pitahayas," "yet they seldom make use of such phrases."

It is said that when Elder Brother was leaving Pimería for the last time he told the people to count the tail feathers of the little bird, Gisap, which are twelve in number, and that they should divide the year into that number of parts. He gave them names for these parts, except for the coldest and the hottest months. The writer is disposed to regard the recognition of the "moons" as of recent origin. Not many have any names for them and these do net agree even in the same village. For example, the list of months given by the chief is quite different from that furnished by Kâʼmâl tkâk, and also contains references to wheat, which is of course modern.

As they have no winters the Pimas naturally do not have a "winter count." As there are two rainy seasons and neither is of any consequence as a general rule, while both are sometimes wanting altogether, they could not be expected to mark the flight of years by the recurrence of the rains. There are but two seasons in the Gila valley, one of torrid heat and one of ideal weather throughout the remainder of the year. The onset of the former coincides with the harvest season and the new year is therefore adapted, albeit unwittingly, to seasonal change. The year mark is invariably a deep notch across the stick.

The records of the early years are memorized and there are few minor notches to aid in recalling them. The year notches are exactly alike, yet on asking a narrator to go back and repeat the story for a certain year the writer found that he never made a mistake. Taking the stick in hand he would rake his thumb nail across the year

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] notch and begin: "That notch means," etc. The interpreter, either through imitation or because of the same mode of thought, would then take the stick and dig his thumb into the same notch before repeating the story in English. Both seemed to endow the stick and the particular notch with a definite personality in their minds. That notch looked exactly like its neighbors but it stood for something different, which was apparently recalled as much by the sense of touch as by that of sight.

Dots or shallow circular pits and short notches are the most common symbols on the sticks. These have no distinctive meaning, and are used for recording a great variety of events. The human figure is freely used, and may signify that a man killed Apaches or was killed by them, that he was bitten by a rattlesnake, struck by lightning, or, in short, any event relating to a man in any manner may be denoted by this symbol. The date of building railways was recorded by an ideogram, representing rails and ties. Only one symbol had come arbitrarily to designate a single event. This is the ⊤ which was used to record the "tizwin drunks," or festivals at which saguaro or agave liquor was brewed and freely imbibed.

It has been frequently observed that the records of the American Indians contain much that is trivial and oftentimes omit that which is important. There are obvious reasons for this that have been adequately set forth by Mallery, and it must also be borne in mind that the relative importance of an event differs according as it is viewed by Caucasian eyes or by those of the American Indian. Judging by the early portions of the records, the conclusion might be reached that the purpose was to secure chronologic sequence, though the Pimas are not known to have had ceremonies that by their infrequent recurrence would require calendric regulation. However, the later years are so filled with events that the primary purpose is clearly narrative. They are therefore to be designated annals, rather than calendars. Moreover, the years are never named. "In this year the crops failed;" "In this year the floods overspread the whole valley," etc., but never, "This is the famine year" or "This is the flood year." Upon analysis the events recorded are found to be distributed as follows:

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336 and Legrand, instead of procuring a passage in the packet, which was immediately to set sail, had been exiled to Fort Anké. However, about two months afterwards, they had the good fortune to embark for Isle de France, on board of a vessel in which some prisoners taken from our privateers were conveyed to that place.

Dauribeau, not satisfied with having taken away my collections, requested of the Governor of Samarang, that the manuscript which contained the observations I had made during the voyage in search of Pérouse might likewise be taken from me. In vain I protested against this violation of the most sacred species of property: Governor Overstraaten gave orders, on the 28th of July, that my effects, to which the seal had been applied a month before, should be searched; but fortunately my journal was not found.

Dauribeau shortly after his arrival at Samarang, for the purpose of treating with the Governor concerning the sale of the vessels, died there on the 22d of August.

As the time appointed orfor [sic] the sailing of the Dutch fleet was at hand, Citizen Piron and myself set out for Batavia on the 31st. On board of the vessel which conveyed us thither were several Javanese, one of whom was in irons. His unfortunate wife sat beside him, having volun-


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1912] being sure we were too far to the west, steered out. Result, we have passed another pony camp without seeing it. Looking at the map to-night there is no doubt we are too far to the east. With clear weather we ought to be able to correct the mistake, but will the weather get clear? It's a gloomy position, more especially as one sees the same difficulty returning even when we have corrected the error. The wind is dying down to-night and the sky clearing in the south, which is hopeful. Meanwhile it is satisfactory to note that such untoward events fail to damp the spirit of the party. To-night we had a pony hoosh so excellent and filling that one feels really strong and vigorous again.

Thursday, February 23.—R. 37. Lunch Temp. −9·8°; Supper Temp. −12°. Started in sunshine, wind almost dropped. Luckily Bowers took a round of angles and with help of the chart we fogged out that we must be inside rather than outside tracks. The data were so meagre that it seemed a great responsibility to march out and we were none of us happy about it. But just as we decided to lunch, Bowers' wonderful sharp eyes detected an old double lunch cairn, the theodolite telescope confirmed it, and our spirits rose accordingly. This afternoon we marched on and picked up another cairn; then on and camped only 2½ miles from the depôt. We cannot see it, but, given fine weather, we cannot miss it. We are, therefore, extraordinarily relieved. Covered 8·2 miles in 7 hours, showing we can do 10 to 12 on this surface. Things are again looking up, as we are on the regular line of cairns, with no gaps right home, I hope.


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154 bridge gives no hint or sign of the hidden danger, its position unguessable till man or beast is floundering, clawing and struggling for foothold on the brink.

The vast silence broken only by the mellow sounds of the marching column.

Friday, February 3, 8 —Camp 5. Roused the camp at 10 and we started marching at 12.30. At first surface bad, but gradually improving. We had two short spells and set up temporary camp to feed ourselves and ponies at 3.20. Started again at 5 and marched till 7. In all covered 9 miles. Surface seemed to have improved during the last part of the march till just before camping time, when Bowers, who was leading, plunged into soft snow. Several of the others following close on his heels shared his fate, and soon three ponies were plunging and struggling in a drift. Garrard's pony, which has very broad feet, found hard stuff beyond and then my pony got round. Forde and Keohane led round on comparatively hard ground well to the right, and the entangled ponies were unharnessed and led round from patch to patch till firmer ground was reached. Then we camped and the remaining loads were brought in. Then came the triumph of the snow-shoe again. We put a set on Bowers' big pony—at first he walked awkwardly (for a few minutes only) then he settled down, was harnessed to his load, brought that in and another also—all over places into which he had been plunging. If we had more of these shoes we could certainly put them on seven out of eight of our ponies—and after a little I think on the eighth, Oates' pony, as certainly the ponies so shod would draw their


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130 Between the Leathern Frock and the under Coat, they wear a Linen Shirt, or for want of Linen, made of Seal Guts; which alo helps to keep out the Water from the under Coat. Of late they appear ometimes in more gaudy Drees, as Shirts made of triped Linen, and Coats and Breeches of red and blue Stuffs, or Cloth, (which they buy of ours, or the Dutch Merchants) but fahioned after their own Way; in thee they make Parade and Feat, when they keep Holidays on Shore. The Stockings they wore formerly were made of or Seal Skin, but now they like better our ort of worted Stockings, of different Colours, White, Blue and Red, which they buy of us. Their Shoes and Boots are made of Seal Skins, Red or Yellow, well dreed and tanned; they are nicely wrought, with Folds behind and before, without Heels, and fit well upon the Foot. The


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Rh written under conditions which would seem to make poetical composition of any kind utterly impossible. Ewald died after a painful illness on March 17, 1781, scarcely thirty-eight years old.

Ewald is one of the greatest lyric poets of the North, perhaps even the very greatest. Many of his songs belong to the most beautiful productions of northern literature, and the heights of sublimity to which his greater poems climb have seldom been attained by any poet. His language is pure, clear, and noble, and in his verses particularly he shows an unsurpassed mastery of form. In his best prose work, "Johannes Ewalds Levnet og Meninger," he has given us an excellent autobiography, which he, unfortunately, did not complete.

The second great poet which this period produced is the Norwegian, (born 1742). In sketching Ewald's poetical activity it was necessary to call attention to the German influence, to which he was for a long time subject, but from which he, fortunately, was at length able to free himself. Ewald came less in contact with the French element which at that time invaded Danish literature, and but little French influence is to be traced in his writings. Wessel's great merit consists in having fearlessly attacked the excrescences and soulless imitations of the French element in Denmark, and he effectually checked them by making them thoroughly ridiculous.

The Danish Theatre had been reopened not long before Holberg's death, but was eking out a miserable existence. Holberg had had no successors who were able to nourish the popular taste for good Danish plays, or who could have satisfied the taste had it been present. Mainly through the example of the court, there soon developed such a preference for French tragedies and Italian operas, that all other things were thrown into the background. After the theatre had for


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Defendants McDonald’s Corporation (“McDonalds Corp.”); McDonald’s Restaurants of New York, Inc. (“McDonalds of New York”); McDonald’s 1865 Bruckner Boulevard Bronx, New York (“Bruckner Boulevard outlet”); and McDonald’s 2630 Jerome Avenue, Bronx, New York (“Jerome Avenue outlet”) (collectively “McDonalds”) have moved pursuant to Rule 12(b)(6) of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure to dismiss the complaint of class-action plaintiffs Ashley Pelman, Roberta Pelman, Jazlen Bradley, and Israel Bradley. The plaintiffs have cross-moved to remand the case to state court.

This action presents unique and challenging issues. The plaintiffs have alleged that the practices of McDonalds in making and selling their products are deceptive and that this deception has caused the minors who have consumed McDonalds’ products to injure their health by becoming obese. Questions of personal responsibility, common knowledge and public health are presented, and the role of society and the courts in addressing such issues.

The issue of determining the breadth of personal responsibility underlies much of the law: where should the line be drawn between an individual’s own responsibility to take care of herself, and society’s responsibility to ensure that others shield her? Laws are created in those situations where individuals are somehow unable to protect themselves and where society needs to provide a buffer between the individual and some other entity—whether herself, another individual or a behemoth corporation that spans the globe. Thus Congress provided that essentially all packaged foods sold at retail shall be appropriately labeled and their contents described. The Nutrition Labeling and Education Act of 1990, Pub.L. 101–535, 104 Stat. 2343 (Nov. 8, 1990) (the “NLEA”), 21 U.S.C. § 343(q). Also as a matter of


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218 some time been compelled to put up with translations of such pieces as Voltaire's "Zaire," "Merope," etc., the Norwegian,, came forward in 1771 with his opera, "Thronfölgen i Sidon," written as text to Italian music in the high-flown style of that period. The opera was produced in the Royal Theatre, and was received with an applause so great that the author was forthwith appointed director of the theatre. Shortly afterward the young and talented critic,, wrote in his dramatic journal a very bitter review of this opera, and when Bredal replied with a farce in one act called "den dramatishe Journal," the theatre was literally turned into a fighting arena between the friends of the director and those of the critic, which conflict was the occasion of Ewald's satirical drama, "De brutale Klappere " (the brutal applauders). The next year the Norwegian, an able writer and gifted poet, wrote in the conventional French style a tragedy, "Zarine," which was produced at the Royal Theatre, and was received with boundless applause.

Now appeared Wessel's great parody, the tragedy called "Kjærlighed uden Strömper" (Love without stockings), written throughout in the style of the pseudo classical tragedies, in Alexandrines, with here and there an air inserted. From beginning to end there was a scrupulous and most ridiculous regard for the prescribed "unities." Wessel availed himself of the conventional, stereotyped apparatus of the above mentioned dramas, that is to say of the hero and heroine, the rival of the former and the betrothed. The action likewise consists chiefly in the conflict between virtue and love; in short, the whole play is a faithful copy of his models, and a parody has seldom been more skilfully planned or executed with more precision. The contents of the play are briefly the following: Grete, the female lover, has in a dream received a terrible warning that she "will never be married unless the wedding takes place that very day." But her bridegroom, the tailor-apprentice Johan von Ehrenpreis,


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Rh The only Difference between the Dres of the Men and the Women is, that the Women's Coats are higher on the Shoulders, and wider than the Men's, with higher and larger Hoods. The married Women, that have got Children, wear much larger Coats than the ret, mot like Gowns, becaue they mut carry their Children in them upon their Backs, having got no other Cradle or for them. They wear Drawers, which reach to the middle of the Thigh, and over them Breeches. The Drawers they always keep on, and leep in them. Their Breeches come down to the Knee. Thee they do not wear in the Summer, nor in the Winter, but when they go abroad; and as oon as they come home they pull them off again. Next to their Body they wear a Waitcoat made of young Fawns Skins, with the hairy Side inward. The Coat, or upper Garment, is alo made of fine coloured Swans Skins (or in Defect of that, of Seal Skins) trimmed and edged with White, and nicely wrought in the Seams, and about the Brim, which looks Rh


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Rh is unable to lead her to the altar on this day because he lacks stockings and he cannot present himself on an occasion so solemn in ordinary boots. But Grete is determined to have the wedding, and so her friend Mette suggests to Johan the idea that he steal a pair of stockings from his rival, Mads, whose prospects for obtaining Grete himself have been noticeably improved by Johan's lack of stockings. After a terrible inward struggle between love and virtue, love conquers, and Johan becomes a thief. Grete has evil forebodings, but Johan indignantly refuses to countenance them as unworthy of both her and himself, and everything promises well when Mads and his friend Jesper discover the theft and charge Johan with it in the presence of his bride. Johan is unwilling to outlive the disgrace and stabs himself, and Grete follows his example. Then Mads kills himself from grief at the loss of his beloved, and his friend Jesper follows him faithfully. Finally Mette, too, follows suit and kills herself simply because she does not care to be the only survivor, and thus the play terminates as tragically as could well be desired.

The effect of the drama depends on the contrast between the ludicrous action of the most insignificant persons and the grand plot planned according to all the rules of art, on the one hand, and on the other a pretentious diction which struts about in high buskins, and which, at every moment, forgets its own assumed part, while the natural utterances of these persons with their coarse phrases and insipid figures of speech obtrude themselves even in the midst of their grandest speeches. The poet has accomplished his difficult task in a most satisfactory manner and filled his play to the brim with fun and humor, and while he never exaggerates, he betrays no anxiety lest he should give too loose reins to his sallies

The chief literary-historical value of Wessel's parody consists in his attack on the affected French taste, and this value is not lessened by the circumstance that he probably borrowed his idea from an older English play, "The Rehearsal," which


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220 was written in 1672 by the duke of Buckingham, and which ridiculed the pseudo-classical style of the dramatic literature, for the Danish parody is vastly superior. It obtains its high, imperishable value by its universal character, and though it was primarily written for the purpose of ridiculing certain favorite Danish plays, it is at the same time aimed at the essentially false tendency of art in Wessel's time, and is, on the whole, a standing protest against all affectation and bombast in art.

Wessel's tragical parody did not at once produce the effect intended by the poet, for the public did not thoroughly comprehend the significance of the satire, which ran through the whole play. The cheerful and vivid style did not fail to please, but people were perplexed in regard to the purpose of the drama, and did not know whether to laugh or to cry, a fact which gives us a fair idea of the overstrained character of the plays which were at that time offered to the public and which were listened to with all seeming gravity. The affected mannerism, with its sham, plaintive pathos, still held its own on the stage for some time, though Wessel by his striking parody gave the impulse to its final banishment.

Wessel was not a very prolific writer, and his complete works fill only one moderately sized volume. In addition to the drama mentioned, he wrote two other plays, which, however, have no value whatever. But we have from his pen a few pithy, lyrical poems, among which the "ode to sleep" is a gem of the first order. Still more important are some of his humorous narrations in verse, published in the weekly paper, "Votre Serviteur, Otiosis," which he edited for a short time. Some of these remain unequalled in Danish literature both in form and comical effect.

Wessel's name is inseparably united with the so-called "Norwegian Society," whose most prominent member he was. This society, which had been founded in 1772, was at first intended simply as an organization for bringing together the Norwegians who resided in Copenhagen, and who were


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38

Gila Crossing, Salt River. During the moon preceding the meteoric shower the Yumas, armed with clubs, bows, and arrows, attacked the Maricopa village. The Yumas surprised the Maricopas and captured their women, whom they surrounded and tried to take away with them. They were about to cross the Gila with their captives when the Pimas arrived and attacked them. The women took advantage of the confusion to escape into the chaparral. The Yumas fought bravely, but they were overpowered by numbers and few escaped to tell of their defeat.

In the early winter the meteoric shower took place. This event was followed by heavy rains that caused floods in the Salt and Gila rivers. The spectacle of falling stars was to the Pimas an augury of disaster, and the succeeding floods were regarded as a punishment for sins which they had committed. What the sins might be they did not know, but concluded that they must have offended some medicine-man who possessed great magic power. Many thought it must be the medicine-man Kak who brought this calamity upon them because they had not shown him the respect that he thought was due him. It is said that when the flood was at its height he climbed a cottonwood tree and thence proclaimed in a loud voice that he would perform certain miracles that would prove disastrous to them if they did not listen to him and show him respect.

Others declared that the floods were caused by the two sons of an old goddess, Takwa-artam. When she saw the flood threatening to overwhelm the Pimas and Maricopas she said to her sons: "Give me back my milk and then you can drown my people. The land is yet what it was when it was new." This puzzled the two brothers. They knew that they could not return the milk that had nourished them in infancy, so they did not allow the flood to rise any higher, but caused it to go down.

Salt River. This year was long remembered because of the bountiful crops of wheat, corn, squashes, pumpkins, and watermelons that were raised. The desert mesas were carpeted with flowers and the

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 such illiberality as distinguishes the mere student of economics, or of social problems, of psychology, or of theology.

But, again, I am to speak of the "essentials" of that education which is worthy to be called liberal. Now, amid wide disagreements as to what and how much the constitution of a liberal education involves, and as to the order and proportion in which its studies should be taken, there prevails the universal assumption that some things are entitled to be considered indispensable factors in this constitution. Important changes have undoubtedly taken place in opinion on almost all the subordinate points under discussion. The oldfashioned, substantial agreement as to what are essential subjects of instruction in this particular form or degree of education has been of late largely broken up. There is even more diversity of view as to how far subjects admitted to be essential should be carried before specialization in nonessentials is permitted or encouraged. Scarcely any two curricula in any of the institutions in this country which design and claim to afford a truly liberal education, precisely agree. Yet, theoretically, all are agreed as to the validity of a distinction between essentials and non-essentials. And, practically, certain subjects are everywhere required, at least to some extent, in the earlier stages of this form of education.


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132 very well. Their Shoes and Boots, with little Difference, are like thoe of the Men. Their Hair, which is very long and thick, is braided and tied up in a Knot, which becomes them well. They commonly go as well without as within Doors; nor are they covered with Hoods, but in cae it rains or nows. Their chief Ornaments and Finery is to wear Glas Beads of divere Colours, or Corals about the Neck and Arms, and Pendants in their Ears. They alo wear Bracelets, made of black Skin, et with Pearls, with which they alo trim their Clothes and Shoes.

The Greenland Sex have, beides this, another ort of Embellihment, viz. they make long black Strokes between the Eyes on the Forehead, upon the Chin, Arms, and Hands, and even upon the Thighs and Legs; thee they make with a Needle and Thread made black. And though this to others eems a wrong way of embellihing, yet they think it very handome and ornamental. And they ay, that thoe who do not thus deform their Faces, their Heads hall


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 Once more, let it be borne in mind that the very inquiry as to what a "modern" liberal education should be admits the propriety, and even the necessity, of making changes in many of the factors of such an education. And here J must insist upon a distinction which has been of late almost wholly overlooked in all discussions of this subject. This is the distinction between a truly modern education and the recent great extension of the elective system in the education offered by the higher institutions of this country. That kind of freedom, or "liberality" if you please, which gives to the youth under education the choice of his subjects of pursuit, and largely of the order and manner of their pursuit, has been carried among us to an extent which astonishes the European students of educational problems. But neither the exercise nor the withdrawal of this freedom in itself determines the question whether the student is receiving a genuinely modern education. What is necessarily implied in this word "modern" I shall try to make clear in another connection. I now wish only to say that the term signifies some kind of change which shall adapt the so-called liberal education to the age, but that the particular kind of change required is by no means necessarily to be reached through an elective system.

And now as I inquire, "What, then, are the