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84

Give the cows their milk-filled udders

Always filled to overflowing,

To be milked by dwarfish women,

That a little girl may milk them.

“Rise, O virgin, from the valley,

From the spring, in gorgeous raiment,

From the spring, O maiden, rise thou,

From the ooze arise, O fairest.

From the spring take thou some water,

Sprinkle thou my cattle with it,

That the cattle may be finer,

And the mistress’ cattle prosper,

Ere the coming of the mistress,

Ere the herd-girl look upon them,

She, the most unskilful mistress,

And the very timid herd-girl.

“Mielikki, the forest’s mistress,

Of the herds the bounteous mother,

Send the tallest of thy handmaids,

And the best among thy servants,

That they may protect my cattle,

And my herd be watched and tended

Through the finest of the summer,

In the good Creator’s summer,

Under Jumala’s protection,

And protected by his favour.

“Tellervo, O maid of Tapio,

Little daughter of the forest,

Clad in soft and beauteous garments,

With thy yellow hair so lovely,

Be the guardian of the cattle,

Do thou guard the mistress’ cattle

All through Metsola so lovely,

And through Tapiola’s bright regions

Do thou guard the herd securely,

Do thou watch the herd unsleeping.

“With thy lovely hands protect them,

With thy slender fingers stroke them,

Rub them with the skins of lynxes,

Comb them with the fins of fishes,

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text: Index:The Imperial Durbar Album of the Indian princes, chiefs and zamindars.djvu

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Rh Maharaja Gulab Singh remained a staunch ally of the British during the Indian Mutiny, and sent a contingent of 2000 strong, 200 cavalry, and 6 guns, under the command of his eldest son and heir-apparent. Prince Ranabir Singh, to help the English in the deliverance of Delhi. The British offered an Ilaqua in the province of Oudh to the Maharaja for his valuable assistance; but, he declined it saying what he did was out of friendship and loyalty and not as a mercenary. Lord Lawrence, the then Viceroy and Governor-General, highly appreciated this, and in addition to several recognitions, assured the Maharaja that should lineal heirs fail him, and no formal adoption have been made, his wishes in the matter would be respected. He was likewise exempted from the payment of tribute. Maharaja Gulab Singh died in 1877 A.D. and his son Ranabir Singh ascended the Gadi. He followed the policy of his father and remained a firm ally of the English. He died in 1885 A.D. and was succeeded by his son Partab Singh, the present ruler of Kashmir.

During Maharaja Partab Singh's regime several improvements were inaugurated, such as the survey for laying out of a railway-line from Sialkot to Jammu and further on to Shrinagar, conservation of water-power for industrial purposes, opening of canals for irrigation, and introduction of sericulture on an extensive scale. But before these and various other projects could be thoroughly worked up, the internal troubles of the State so far worried the Maharaja, that he decided to keep himself aloof from the administration for a time; and, with the advice of the British Government, a State Council was appointed under the president-ship of Raja Amar Singh, the Maharaja's youngest brother. The Maharaja resumed the administration of the State in 1893 A.D. Since that time, several improvements in the resources of the country and the modes of administration have been carried out and Kashmir has taken a rank with the model States in India.

The insignia of the order of G. C. S. I. was conferred upon the Maharaja in the year 1892 A.D., and subsequently, in the year 1896 A.D. he was given the honorary rank of Major-General by the British Government. Maharaja Sir Partab Singh sent his army to fight along with the British troops in the expeditions of the Black Mountain, the Tirah, and the Agror Valley. On each of these occasions the services rendered by the troops of His Highness the Maharaja were greatly appreciated. In the Tirah campaign, the Maharaja's battery gained a special name for their remarkable activity, vigilance, and valour.

The State army consists of two mountain batteries, one horse artillery and one garrison battery, one squadron of Kashmir Lancers, one troop bodyguard cavalry, seven regiments of Infantry, and four Companies of Sappers and miners. Out of this the State maintains a force of 3,370, Imperial service troops.

The total area of the state is 81,000 square miles with a population of about 30 lacs, and an average revenue of 93 lacs of rupees.

Major-General His Highness Maharaja Sir Partab Singh Bahadur G.C.S.I., the present ruler of Jammu and Kashmir, is entitled to a salute of 19 guns.


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THE hilly and fertile tract of country in the Himalayan valley "situated to the east- ward of the river Indus and westward of the river Ravi," as described in the treaty of 1846 A.D., is known to Europeans as Kashmir, and to the natives of India, as Jammu. Defining more precisely, the State comprises the territories of Jammu, the valley of Kashmir, and the frontier districts of Ladak and digit.

The family-legend of the house of Jammu shows that the first scion of the Solar dynasty, who came over from Ayodhya, was Agni Giri. His descendant, Jambu Lochan laid the foundation of the preseht Jammu Raj. Later on, Daya Karan, who was one of the sons of Jambu Lochan, conquered Kashmir and ruled over it. The sway established by him continued in his line for fifty-two generations.

Lack of historical literature in Sanskrit is well-known, but Kashmir has its history chronicled from very remote times by the poets Kalhana and Jonaraja in the Rajatarangim, and by Shrivara in the Rajaualipataka, bringing the record down to the subjugation of the country by the Mogul Emperor Akbar in 1586 A.D. Akbar built a strong fortress on the slopes of Hara-Parvat. His luxurious son and successor Jehangir was so fascinated with the natural grandeur of the country and its bracing climate, that he made it his summer-resort.

Raja Ranjit Dev was the ruler of Jammu in the middle of the 18th century. At his death, about 1780 A.D., his three sons quarrelled, and the principality was thrown into confusion by internecine feuds. The Sikhs took advantage of the situation, plundered the city of Jammu, and made the State their tributary. Ranjit Singh of Lahore, khown as the 'Lion of the Punjab,' found that it was no easy task to keep the warlike Dogras under control, and hit upon the policy of enlisting capable persons from the clan in his service. Gulab Singh and his two brothers, the great-grandsons of Surat Singh, the younger brother of Ranjit Dev, were soldiers of fortune. They took service under the ruler of the Punjab, and soon distinguished themselves by their bravery, and were duly rewarded. Gulab Singh was created Raja of Jammu in 1820 A.D., and both the other brothers got estates in the adjoining territories. After the death of Ranjit Singh in 1844 A.D., there was great confusion in the Punjab, and for a time it was a hot-bed of intrigue and turmoil. Ranjit Singh's widow placed her minor son, Dhulip Singh, on the throne, and carried on the administration with the help of her brother, and Gulab Singh of Jammu.

War broke out between the English and the Sikhs in 1845 A.D. during which Gulab Singh of Jammu carefully kept himself aloof. On the termination of the Sikh war in 1847 A.D. a treaty was concluded, by which it was agreed that the Sikh Maharaja should cede the district of Doab to the English, and pay one crore of rupees as the expenses of the war to them. The Maharaja, not being able to pay this war indemnity, handed over the province of Kashmir and Hazara to the English, who, in their turn, sold them to Gulab Singh of Jammu for seventy-five lacs of Rupees. Thus it was that the ruler of Jammu became master of Kashmir. The newly purchasd tracts did not, however, come into the hands of Gulab Singh smoothly and peacefully.


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 Then, without knowing how, I was leaning over a night of water.

This water was of black radiance, as are certain diamonds, spanned across with vaults of rock, and carrying no image, neither showing marge nor end, but centred (as it might be) with a bottomless indrawal.

With that chill and dread upon me, and the sheer rock all around, and the faint light heaving wavily on the silence of this gulf, I must have lost my wits and gone to the bottom, if there were any.

But suddenly a robin sang (as they will do after dark, towards spring) in the brown fern and ivy behind me. I took it for our little Annie's voice (for she could call any robin), and gathering quick warm comfort, sprang up the steep way towards the starlight. Climbing back, as the stones glid down, I heard the cold greedy wave go lapping, like a blind black dog, into the distance of arches and hollow depths of darkness.


text: Lorna Doone/Volume 1/Chapter 8

title: Lorna Doone/Volume 1/Chapter 8


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Runo XXXII]

Like the hue of the lake creatures,

Like the wool of ewe of meadow.

Come at evening and night’s darkness,

When the twilight round is closing,

Then do thou lead home my cattle,

Lead them to their noble mistress,

On their backs the water pouring,

Lakes of milk upon their cruppers.

“When the sun to rest has sunken,

And the bird of eve is singing,

Then I say unto my cattle,

Speak unto my horned creatures.

“‘Come ye home, ye curve-horned cattle,

Milk-dispensers to the household,

In the house ’tis very pleasant,

Where the floor is nice for resting.

On the waste ’tis bad to wander,

Or upon the shore to bellow,

Therefore you should hasten homeward,

And the women fire will kindle,

In the field of honeyed grasses,

On the ground o’ergrown with berries.’

“Nyyrikki, O son of Tapio,

Blue-coat offspring of the forest!

Take the stumps of tallest pine-trees,

And the lofty crowns of fir-trees,

For a bridge in miry places,

Where the ground is bad for walking,

Deep morass, and swampy moorland,

And the treacherous pools of water.

Let the curve-homed cattle wander,

And the split-hoofed cattle gallop,

Unto where the smoke is rising,

Free from harm, and free from danger,

Sinking not into the marshes,

Nor embogged in miry places.

“If the cattle pay no heeding,

Nor will home return at nightfall,

Pihlajatar, little damsel,

Katajatar, fairest maiden,

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text: The Earth Turns South/Ash-Blossom

title: The Earth Turns South/Ash-Blossom


text: The Earth Turns South/The Antique

title: The Earth Turns South/The Antique


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Page:Magistrates’ Courts Act 1980.pdf/80

72c. 43

(5) A magistrates’ court composed of a single justice, or sitting in an occasional court-house, shall not impose imprisonment for a period exceeding 14 days or order a person to pay more than £1.

(6) Subject to the provisions of subsection (7) below, the justices composing the court before which any proceedings take place shall be present during the whole of the proceedings; but, if during the course of the proceedings any justice absents himself, he shall cease to act further therein and, if the remaining justices are enough to satisfy the requirements of the preceding provisions of this section, the proceedings may continue before a court composed of those justices.

(7) Where the trial of an information is adjourned after the accused has been convicted and before he is sentenced or otherwise dealt with, the court which sentences or deals with him need not be composed of the same justices as that which convicted him; but, where among the justices composing the court which sentences or deals with an offender there are any who were not sitting when he was convicted, the court which sentences or deals with the offender shall before doing so make such inquiry into the facts and circumstances of the case as will enable the justices who were not sitting when the offender was convicted to be fully acquainted with those facts and circumstances.

(8) This section shall have effect subject to the provisions of this Act relating to domestic proceedings. Appearance by counsel or solicitor

122.—(1) A party to any proceedings before a magistrates’ court may be represented by counsel or solicitor.

(2) Subject to subsection (3) below, an absent party so represented shall be deemed not to be absent.

(3) Appearance of a party by counsel or solicitor shall not satisfy any provision of any enactment or any condition of a recognizance expressly requiring his presence. Process

123.—(1) No objection shall be allowed to any information or complaint, or to any summons or warrant to procure the presence of the defendant, for any defect in it in substance or in form, or for any variance between it and the evidence adduced on behalf of the prosecutor or complainant at the hearing of the information or complaint.

(2) If it appears to a magistrates’ court that any variance between a summons or warrant and the evidence adduced on behalf of the prosecutor or complainant is such that the defendant


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Rh

has been misled by the variance, the court shall, on the application of the defendant, adjourn the hearing.

124. A warrant or summons issued by a justice of the peace shall not cease to have effect by reason of his death or his ceasing to be a justice.

125.—(1) A warrant of arrest issued by a justice of the peace shall remain in force until it is executed or withdrawn.

(2) A warrant of arrest, warrant of commitment, warrant of distress or search warrant issued by a justice of the peace may be executed anywhere in England and Wales by any person to whom it is directed or by any constable acting within his police area.

This subsection does not apply to a warrant of commitment or a warrant of distress issued under Part VI of the General Rate Act 1967.

(3) A warrant to arrest a person charged with an offence may be executed by a constable notwithstanding that it is not in his possession at the time; but the warrant shall, on the demand of the person arrested, be shown to him as soon as practicable.

126. Sections 12 to 14 of the Indictable Offences Act 1848 (which relate, among other things, to the execution in Scotland, Northern Ireland, the Isle of Man and the Channel Islands of warrants of arrest for the offences referred to in those sections) shall, so far as applicable, apply to—
 * (a) warrants of arrest issued under section 1 above for offences other than those referred to in the said sections 12 to 14;
 * (b) warrants of arrest issued under section 13 above;
 * (c) warrants of arrest issued under section 97 above other than warrants issued in bastardy proceedings to arrest a witness; and
 * (d) warrants of commitment issued under this Act.

Limitation of time

127.—(1) Except as otherwise expressly provided by any enactment and subject to subsection (2) below, a magistrates’ court shall not try an information or hear a complaint unless the information was laid, or the complaint made, within 6 months from the time when the offence was committed, or the matter of complaint arose.


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74c. 43

(2) Nothing in—
 * (a) subsection (1) above; or
 * (b) subject to subsection (4) below, any other enactment (however framed or worded) which, as regards any offence to which it applies, would but for this section impose a time-limit on the power of a magistrates’ court to try an information summarily or impose a limitation on the time for taking summary proceedings,

shall apply in relation to any indictable offence.

(3) Without prejudice to the generality of paragraph (b) of subsection (2) above, that paragraph includes enactments which impose a time-limit that applies only in certain circumstances (for example, where the proceedings are not instituted by or with the consent of the Director of Public Prosecutions or some other specified authority).

(4) Where, as regards any indictable offence, there is imposed by any enactment (however framed or worded, and whether falling within subsection (2)(b) above or not) a limitation on the time for taking proceedings on indictment for that offence no summary proceedings for that offence shall be taken after the latest time for taking proceedings on indictment. Remand

128.—(1) Where a magistrates’ court has power to remand any person, then, subject to section 4 of the Bail Act 1976 and to any other enactment modifying that power, the court may—
 * (a) remand him in custody, that is to say, commit him to custody to be brought before the court at the end of the period of remand or at such earlier time as the court may require; or
 * (b) where it is inquiring into or trying an offence alleged to have been committed by that person or has convicted him of an offence, remand him on bail in accordance with the Bail Act 1976, that is to say, by directing him to appear as provided in subsection (4) below; or
 * (c) except in a case falling within paragraph (b) above, remand him on bail by taking from him a recognizance (with or without sureties) conditioned as provided in that subsection;

and may, in a case falling within paragraph (c) above, instead of taking recognizances in accordance with that paragraph, fix the amount of the recognizances with a view to their being taken subsequently in accordance with section 119 above.


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Rh

(2) Where the court fixes the amount of a recognizance under subsection (1) above or section 8(3) of the Bail Act 1976 with a view to its being taken subsequently the court shall in the meantime commit the person so remanded to custody in accordance with paragraph (a) of the said subsection (1).

(3) Where a person is brought before the court after remand, the court may further remand him.

(4) Where a person is remanded on bail under subsection (1) above the court may, where it remands him on bail in accordance with the Bail Act 1976 direct him to appear or, in any other case, direct that his recognizance be conditioned for his appearance—
 * (a) before that court at the end of the period of remand; or
 * (b) at every time and place to which during the course of the proceedings the hearing may be from time to time adjourned;

and, where it remands him on bail conditionally on his providing a surety during an inquiry into an offence alleged to have been committed by him, may direct that the recognizance of the surety be conditioned to secure that the person so bailed appears—
 * (c) at every time and place to which during the course of the proceedings the hearing may be from time to time adjourned and also before the Crown Court in the event of the person so bailed being committed for trial there.

(5) Where a person is directed to appear or a recognizance is conditioned for a person’s appearance in accordance with paragraph (b) or (c) of subsection (4) above, the fixing at any time of the time for him next to appear shall be deemed to be a remand; but nothing in this subsection or subsection (4) above shall deprive the court of power at any subsequent hearing to remand him afresh.

(6) Subject to the provisions of section 129 below, a magistrates’ court shall not remand a person for a period exceeding 8 clear days, except that—
 * (a) if the court remands him on bail, it may remand him for a longer period if he and the other party consent;
 * (b) where the court adjourns a trial under section 10(3) or 30 above, the court may remand him for the period of the adjournment;


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76c. 43

(7) A magistrates’ court having power to remand a person in custody may, if the remand is for a period not exceeding 3 clear days, commit him to the custody of a constable.

129.—(1) If a magistrates’ court is satisfied that any person who has been remanded is unable by reason of illness or accident to appear or be brought before the court at the expiration of the period for which he was remanded, the court may, in his absence, remand him for a further time; and section 128(6) above shall not apply.

(2) Notwithstanding anything in section 128(1) above, the power of a court under subsection (1) above to remand a person on bail for a further time—
 * (a) where he was granted bail in criminal proceedings, includes power to enlarge the recognizance of any surety for him to a later time;
 * (b) where he was granted bail otherwise than in criminal proceedings, may be exercised by enlarging his recognizance and those of any sureties for him to a later time.

(3) Where a person remanded on bail is bound to appear before a magistrates’ court at any time and the court has no power to remand him under subsection (1) above, the court may in his absence-
 * (a) where he was granted bail in criminal proceedings, appoint a later time as the time at which he is to appear and enlarge the recognizances of any sureties for him to that time;
 * (b) where he was granted bail otherwise than in criminal proceedings, enlarge his recognizance and those of any sureties for him to a later time;

and the appointment of the time or the enlargement of his recognizance shall be deemed to be a further remand.

(4) Where a magistrates’ court commits a person for trial on bail and the recognizance of any surety for him has been conditioned in accordance with paragraph (a) of subsection (4) of section 128 above the court may, in the absence of the surety,


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86

Quickly cut a branch of birch-tree,

Take a rod from out the bushes,

Likewise take a whip of cherry,

And of juniper to scourge them,

From the back of Tapio’s castle,

From among the slopes of alder.

Drive the herd towards the household,

At the time for bathroom-heating;

Homeward drive the household cattle,

Cows from Metsola’s great forest.

“Otso, apple of the forest,

With thy honey-paws so curving,

Let us make a peace between us,

Haste to make a peace between us,

So that always and for ever

In the days that we are living,

Thou wilt fell no hooféd cattle,

Nor wilt overthrow the milch-kine,

Through the finest of the summer,

In the good Creator’s summer.

“When thou hear’st the cow-bells ringing,

Or thou hear’st the cow-horn sounding,

Cast thee down among the hillocks,

Sleep thou there upon the meadow,

Thrust thine ears into the stubble,

Hide thy head among the hillocks,

Or conceal thee in the thickets,

To thy mossy lair retreat thou,

Go thou forth to other districts,

Flee away to other hillocks,

That thou mayst not hear the cow-bells,

Nor the talking of the herdsmen.

“O my Otso, O my darling,

Handsome one, with paws of honey,

I forbid thee to approach them,

Or molest the herd of cattle,

Neither with thy tongue to touch them,

Nor with ugly mouth to seize them,

With thy teeth to tear to pieces,

Neither with thy claws to scratch them.

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Rh

enlarge his recognizance so that he is bound to secure that the person so committed for trial appears also before the Crown Court.

130.—(1) A magistrates’ court adjourning a case under section 5, 10(1) or 18(4) above, and remanding the accused in custody, may, if he has attained the age of 17, order that he be brought up for any subsequent remands before an alternate magistrates’ court nearer to the prison where he is to be confined while on remand.

(2) The order shall require the accused to be brought before the alternate court at the end of the period of remand or at such earlier time as the alternate court may require.

(3) While the order is in force, the alternate court shall, to the exclusion of the court which made the order, have all the powers in relation to further remand (whether in custody or on bail) and the grant of legal aid which that court would have had but for the order.

(4) The alternate court may, on remanding the accused in custody, require him to be brought before the court which made the order at the end of the period of remand or at such earlier time as that court may require; and, if the alternate court does so, or the accused is released on bail, the order under subsection (1) above shall cease to be in force.

(5) Schedule 5 to this Act shall have effect to supplement this section.

131.—(1) When a magistrates’ court remands an accused person in custody and he is already detained under a custodial sentence, the period for which he is remanded may be up to 28 clear days.

(2) But the court shall inquire as to the expected date of his release from that detention; and if it appears that it will be before 28 clear days have expired, he shall not be remanded in custody for more than 8 clear days or (if longer) a period ending with that date.

(3) So long as he is detained under a custodial sentence, an application for him to be further remanded in custody may be made and determined without his appearance in court, provided that he is represented by counsel or a solicitor who signifies the accused’s consent to the application being heard in his absence. Restrictions on imprisonment

132. A magistrates’ court shall not impose imprisonment for less than 5 days.


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Runo XXXII]

“Go thou slouching through the meadow,

Go in secret through the pasture,

Slinking off when bells are ringing,

Shun the talking of the shepherds.

If the herd is on the heathland,

Then into the swamps retreat thou,

If the herd is in the marshes,

Then conceal thee in the thickets,

If the herd should climb the mountain,

Quickly then descend the mountain,

If the herd should wander downward,

Wander then along the mountain,

If they wander in the bushes,

To the thicker woods retreat thou,

If the thicker wood they enter,

Wander then into the bushes,

Wander like the golden cuckoo,

Like the dove of silver colour,

Move aside as moves the powan,

Glide away like fish in water,

As a flock of wool drifts sideways,

Or a roll of flax the lightest,

In thy fur thy claws conceal thou,

In thy gums thy teeth conceal thou,

That the herd thou dost not frighten,

Nor the little calves be injured.

“Let the cattle rest in quiet,

Leave in peace the hooféd cattle,

Let the herd securely wander,

Let them march in perfect order

Through the swamps and through the open,

Through the tangle of the forest,

Never do thou dare to touch them,

Nor to wickedly molest them.

“Keep the former oath thou sworest,

There by Tuonela’s deep river,

By the raging fall of water,

At the knees of the Creator.

Thou hast been indeed permitted,

Three times in the course of summer,

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xxxiv GENERAL PREFACE. , stirred him up, and directed him, so as to write the things which he had partly witnessed himself, partly had heard from the other Apostles, and partly God had revealed to him, in such a way as should be in accordance with the method, order, style, diction, and genius of S. Matthew. For there was no need of a fresh revelation from God for such things as Matthew already knew, by seeing or hearing them, but only of assistance and direction of the Holy Spirit, lest through forgetfulness, or any other human infirmity, he should err from the truth, even in the very slightest point, or write anything else, or in any different manner from what the Holy Spirit willed.

Some are of opinion that this title was prefixed to his Gospel by S. Matthew himself, as were also the titles of S. Mark, S. Luke, and S. John by those Evangelists. For thus the Prophets prefixed their names to their prophecies, as the Vision of Isaiah, the Vision of Obadiah.

But it is far more probable that the titles of each of the Gospels were attached to them, not by the Evangelists themselves, but by the Church. The similarity of the titles is an indication that such was the case. The title of the Syriac Gospel, which I have already cited, makes it still more probable that it was so. And from hence you may gather an irrefragable argument for the authority of tradition, that Holy Scripture does not suffice for building up the true faith and morals of the Church, but that there is need likewise of Apostolic traditions. This is one of the false negations of the heretics. For tell me if you can, from whence you know that this is the Gospel of S. Matthew, and Canonical Scripture, and that the Gospels of Thomas, of Barnabas, and the Twelve Apostles, which were formerly in circulation, are not Canonical Scripture, except by the tradition and consent of the Church? For many

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TITLE PREFIXED TO S. MATTHEW’S GOSPEL. xxxv books have false titles, and are inscribed with the names of other authors, as is plain by the works of SS. Augustine, Jerome, Cyprian, and other Fathers. In the same way some Gospels which were compiled by heretics, were inscribed with the names of SS. Bartholomew, Thomas, and Barnabas. By like art and deceit, they might have ascribed a false Gospel to S. Matthew, as in effect the Gnostics did, when they changed and corrupted S. Matthew’s Gospel by their additions. In order, therefore, that we may be sure that this Gospel is rightly ascribed to S. Matthew, and still more, that the whole of it was really dictated by the Holy Ghost, there must needs be the declaration and definition of the Church, which severs it from Apocryphal writings, and pronounces it Canonical. Hence S. Austin, in his book against the Epistle of Manes, which they call Fundamental, wisely says, “I would not believe the Gospel, unless the authority of the Catholic Church moved me to do so.” Not because the authority of the Church is worthier, or of more weight than that of Holy Scripture—for Scripture is the word and the oracle of God Himself—but because it is the office of the Church to separate genuine Scripture from what is false and spurious, and to give its true sense and meaning. “When, therefore, we say,” says a weighty author, “that the Evangelists and other sacred writers have authority from the Catholic Church, according to the sense in which we say it, no one has a right to be offended, as if we set the Church before God. For the sense in which we say that the Church confers authority upon the Scriptures is this, that she declares them to be given by God, and pronounces that they have been dictated by Him. Do they prefer the servant to his master, who say, as is commonly done, that the king’s letters have the chancellor’s authority, because he has attached the great seal to them?

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xxxvi GENERAL PREFACE. But the Church has the Seal of God, even the Spirit Himself, who was promised, and has been given to her, that He may abide with her for ever. The Spirit recognizes His own handwriting. He it was who first dictated these four Gospels. And now He makes known to us, by the Church, that He did indite them.”

Matthew. Matthew, who was called by Christ from the receipt of custom to the apostolate, was the first who wrote a Gospel. Blessed Peter Damian, in his sermon on S. Matthew, gives him this eulogium:—“Amongst the greatest saints who have gained their titles of victory in celestial glory by their triumph over the world, Matthew seems to me especially glorious and famous, and to obtain a certain primacy of dignity amongst them. To speak plainly, there is no one after Christ to whom, as it appears to me, the holy universal Church is more indebted. For this is the very cause of the life of the world, that the Gospel has shone upon us. Like a captain, he carried a standard for his followers, and by his example stirred them up to write.”

Cajetan and the Anabaptists are of opinion that S. Matthew wrote in Greek, because Hebrew words—such as Emmanuel; Eli, Eli, lama sabachthani?—are translated into Greek. But these may have been added by the Greek translator. SS. Jerome and Augustine, Eusebius, and the rest of the ancients, unanimously affirm that Matthew wrote in Hebrew, and that he did so because he was asked by the Jews, when he was going away amongst the Gentiles, to leave them in writing what he had orally preached to them. This is asserted by S. Chrysostom, in his first Homily. The Auctor Imperfecti adds, “The cause of S. Matthew’s writing was this: at a time of severe persecution in Palestine, when all were in danger of being dispersed, in order that if the disciples were deprived of teachers of the faith, they might not be deprived

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emerged from Van Aldin's suite so precipitantly that he collided with a lady passing across the corridor. He apologized, and she accepted his apologies with a smiling reassurance and passed on, leaving with him a pleasant impression of a soothing personality and rather fine grey eyes.

For all his nonchalance, his interview with his father-in-law had shaken him more than he cared to show. He had a solitary lunch, and after it, frowning to himself a little, he went around to the sumptuous flat that housed the lady known as Mirelle. A trim Frenchwoman received him with smiles.

"But enter then, Monsieur. Madame reposes herself."

He was ushered into the long room with its Eastern setting which he knew so well. Mirelle was lying on the divan, supported by an incredible number of cushions, all in varying shades of amber, to harmonize with the yellow ochre of her complexion. The dancer was a beautifully made woman, and if her face, beneath its mask of yellow, was in truth somewhat haggard, it had a bizarre charm of its own, and her orange lips smiled invitingly at Derek Kettering.

He kissed her, and flung himself into a chair.

"What have you been doing with yourself? Just got up, I suppose?"


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 They went into a grove of sunlit white pines and danced there together. Finally the little tiny said: "I'm hungry, Eeserpip."

"It's Eepersip,” she said, "but it doesn’t matter much. I'll find you something to eat." After a while they found some flame-coloured berries, and then Eepersip dug up some white roots of which she was fond.

The boy said: "This is jolly, it is. Is this the way you get your food?"

"Always," she said.

They played a while longer, and then someone called.

Eepersip had a strange feeling at that moment. She could not help feeling a certain reluctance when she had first played with him; then she had decided that he could not have anything to do with the civilized people she hated so, He must be separate from them, perhaps even a wild thing like herself. She felt a sensation of horror when the strange voice sounded. Then he was not alonethen he lived in a house with other people!

Startled, she cried: "Who's that?"

"My mother," he answered.

"Then you don't live here all by yourself?" She had a bitter feeling of disappointment.

"Oh, no."

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 The orange mouth widened into a long smile.

"No," said the dancer. "I have been at work."

She flung out a long, pale hand towards the piano, which was littered with untidy music scores.

"Ambrose has been here. He has been playing me the new Opera."

Kettering nodded without paying much attention. He was profoundly uninterested in Claud Ambrose and the latter's operatic setting of Ibsen's Peer Gynt. So was Mirelle, for that matter, regarding it merely as a unique opportunity for her own presentation as Anitra.

"It is a marvellous dance," she murmured. "I shall put all the passion of the desert into it. I shall dance hung over with jewels—ah! and, by the way, mon ami, there is a pearl that I saw yesterday in Bond Street—a black pearl."

She paused, looking at him invitingly.

"My dear girl," said Kettering, "it's no use talking of black pearls to me. At the present minute, as far as I am concerned, the fat is in the fire."

She was quick to respond to his tone. She sat up, her big black eyes widening.

"What is that you say, Dereek? What has happened?"

"My esteemed father-in-law," said Kettering, "is preparing to go off the deep-end."

"Eh?"

"In other words, he wants Ruth to divorce me."

"How stupid!" said Mirelle. "Why should she want to divorce you?"

Derek Kettering grinned.


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 The distribution of traffic between the least used and most used parts of the system is also illustrated by Figure No. 1.

Figure 1 Cumulative Distribution of Passenger, Freight and combined Passenger and Freight Traffic over Route Miles

It will be seen that one-third of the route mileage carries only 1 per cent. of the total passenger miles. Similarly, one-third of the mileage carries only I per cent. of the total freight ton miles, and the corresponding figures for the least used half are 4 per cent. and 5 per cent. of passengers and freight respectively. It will also be seen that one-third of the route mileage carries only 24 per cent. of the total passenger and freight traffic, combined by adding passenger miles and ton miles as equal units, and half the route mileage carries only 7 per cent. of the total traffic.

Maps Nos. 1 and 2 show the distribution of passenger and freight traffic density over the railway route system. The volume passing in a normal week is indicated either by broken lines of different types or by continuous lines indicating density by their thickness.

There is a striking disparity between the heavily loaded and extremely lightly loaded lines shown on the maps.


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TITLE PREFIXED TO S. MATTHEW’S GOSPEL. xxxvii of teaching, they asked Matthew to write them a history of all the words and deeds of Christ, that wheresoever they might be, they might have with them a statement of all that they believed. S. Jerome declares that he had seen S. Matthew’s Gospel, written in Hebrew, in the Library of Pamphilus the Martyr, at Cæsarea, and from it had transcribed his own copy. This Hebrew text is now, however, lost. For what Sebastian Munster, an unfrocked renegade, has offered to us, as though he had received it from the Jews, is suspected to have been written, or else falsified, by heretics or Jewish traitors, and has besides an offensive odour of spuriousness.

S. Matthew wrote a Gospel in Hebrew, at the bidding of the Apostles, says S. Epiphanius (Hæres. 51), in the same year that they took counsel about separating, that they might go to the Gentiles. This was in the year 37 after the birth of Christ, the fourth from the Passion. So that the opinion of Baronius is not so probable that Matthew wrote in 41. Still less probable is what S. Irenæus says (lib. 3, c. I), that he wrote whilst SS. Peter and Paul were preaching at Rome. For S. Peter did not come to Rome before the second year of the Emperor Claudius, and S. Paul not before the third year of Nero. Whence it would follow that S. Matthew did not write until the eighteenth or twentieth year after Christ’s ascension, which is evidently untrue.

Certainly S. Matthew’s Hebrew Gospel was immediately translated into Greek. This was done either by S. Matthew himself, S. John, or S. James, or by some such person. S. Athanasius, in his Synopsis of Holy Scripture, says, “Matthew’s Gospel was written by Matthew in the Hebrew dialect, published at Jerusalem, and a translation made by James, the Lord’s brother.” But Theophylact, in his Preface says, “John, it is reported, translated

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 Subsequent complete closure of lines, after arrangements have been made to retain any good rail freight which they carry, will add to the number of staff displaced. A first assessment of the effect of the more obvious cases puts the number at 10,900 but, as in the case of the passenger services, reshaping will be a continuous process and further reductions will follow.

Like other changes, introduction of the freight sundries plan will be a progressive process, but when it is fully developed, it will lead to a direct reduction in supervisory, clerical and handling staff, which is estimated to be 8,600, to which must be added a longer term saving of train working and maintenance staff estimated to be 4,900.

Reductions in coaching and wagon stock, and in locomotives, may make it necessary to re-examine the workshop position, once implementation of the plan is well under way, although reductions of the order of those proposed were taken into account in the recently prepared Workshop Plan.

Indirect savings in administrative staff will accrue when reductions in services have a group effect. In addition, the wholesale re-diagramming of locomotives, multiple units, coaches and trainmen, which will be made possible when a certain stage of withdrawal has been reached, will lead to better utilisation of what remains. Determination of the future position of alternative main routes, and large termini serving the same places, will result in further savings. The manpower reductions likely to result from all these changes cannot yet be established. However, preliminary examination in some areas leads to the conclusion that the figures given for direct savings from line closures will be no more than one half of those which will ultimately be achieved.

For the financial well-being of the railways, it is necessary that changes be made as quickly as possible, but there will be many retarding factors.

Hitherto, station closures, withdrawals of passenger services and curtailments of freight facilities, have been pursued at a rate which was very largely governed by the management's capacity to investigate, document and present a succession of individual cases to both Transport Users Consultative Committees and Staff representatives. As a consequence, it has taken 12 years to withdraw unprofitable passenger or freight services from 4,236 route miles.

Effective implementation of the plan will depend upon a speedier realisation of intentions than has been found possible in the past. Even so, a staff displacement will clearly be a continuing process over a number of years, and the average rate of reduction need not be very much higher than the 1962 rate. There may, however, if the consultative procedure operates with reasonable speed, be an initial period when the closure of the passenger services and of some lines will release staff at a higher rate than the expected average. In part, this will be due to the holding back of cases which were in the pipeline last August.


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xxxviii GENERAL PREFACE. this Gospel out of Hebrew into Greek.” Some again are of opinion that Barnabas was the translator of this Gospel from Hebrew into Greek. Among others this is asserted by Sixtus Senensis. But Anastasius Sinaita says that Luke and Paul were the translators. The Syriac version of S. Matthew was certainly translated not from the Hebrew, but the Greek. S. Jerome also, when by the command of Pope Damasus, he corrected the Latin translation of the four Gospels, made S. Matthew conform to the Greek rather than the Hebrew, as he tells us in his preface to the Gospels. I may observe in passing that when S. Jerome, at the bidding of Damasus, translated the Old Testament out of Hebrew into Latin, he did not translate afresh the New Testament, but brought the existing translation into accordance with the Greek original.

So that the translator of the New Testament was not S. Jerome, but some one much earlier, though far from being a good Latinist, as is plain to every reader.

S. Jerome says, that when S. Matthew wrote his Gospel in Hebrew, he appears to have followed the Hebrew original in his citations from the Old Testament. But the Greek translator has preferred to cite them from the Septuagint, as better known to the Gentiles.

Whether S. Matthew wrote in pure Hebrew, such as that of Moses and the Prophets, or in the corrupt Hebrew current after the Babylonish captivity, usually called Syriac, is not plain. It is certain that the Jews in the time of Christ did not speak pure Hebrew. Syriac was their vernacular. It is very evident that the rest of the New Testament was translated from Greek into Syriac, and the same person apparently translated all the books. The Hebrew words quoted in the Greek text differ from the Syriac words used in the Syriac version now extant.

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 Fortunately the extent to which men will have to be discharged will be far lower than the annual reductions in manpower. Natural wastage is such that the major part of the reductions can be brought about by strict control of recruitment, and this control will be facilitated by the existence of a clear cut plan. Even so, because the pattern of staff displacement will not match the pattern of wastage, problems will also arise from the necessity for extensive re-deployment of people.

The Board is keenly aware that a large scale reorganisation of the kind outlined in this Report is bound to cause hardship to some people and inconvenience to many others, and has prepared to ameliorate these difficulties as far as possible.

The established arrangements for redundancy have been revised and men who have to move from their appointed post to another one in a lower grade will in future retain their old rate of pay for up to five years, unless they can be reinstated in their former grade in the meantime. If they have to move home, there are substantial payments to meet their removal costs.

For those who have to be discharged, either because there is no other work which they can go to, or who elect to leave rather than move to other work, there will be adequate periods of notice during which they will be able to travel free and with pay to seek other employment. Also, there will be substantial resettlement payments.

The scheme for resettlement payments, which has recently been agreed with the Railway Trade Unions, provides for lump sum payments which depend upon length of service, plus continuing weekly payments over a period related both to length of service and age. The continuing payments are designed to help men while they are seeking other employment. For some long service men, lump sums may amount to nearly £500, and weekly payments to supplement unemployment pay may continue for a year.

In addition, of course, efforts will be made to help men to find new employment, by using existing machinery for placement and re-training, and by consultation with other employers.

On the positive side, the Board hopes that formulation of a realistic plan will restore confidence in the future of the railways and remove the anxiety which has existed in the minds of many for some years. A vigorous and efficient railway system, of the right size and pattern, will be able to offer good employment and wide opportunities for promotion to the large number of staff who will remain, and to those who will come in future.


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H. H. MIR SIR MAHMUD KHAN, G.C1.E. Wali of Kalat.


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H. H. MAHARAJA SIR SHAHU CHHATRAPATI MAHARAJ, G.C.S.I., G.C.V.O., Maharaja of Kolhapur,


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H. H. MAHARAJA-DHIRAJA MAHARANA SIR FATEH SINGH BAHADUR. G.C.S.L

Maharana of Udaipur (Mewar.)


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H. H. MAHARAJA RAJA SIR BALA RAMA VARMA BAHADUR, G.C.S.I., G.C.I.E.,

Maharaja of Travancore-


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 of a man: wan, pale, and ghastly. His breathing was hard and thick, and he moaned painfully as it came and went. At the bedside, sat a short old man in a cobbler's apron, who, by the aid of a pair of horn spectacles, was reading from the Bible aloud. It was the fortunate legatee.

The sick man laid his hand upon his attendant's arm, and motioned him to stop. He closed the book, and laid it on the bed.

"Open the window," said the sick man.

He did so. The noise of carriages and carts, the rattle of wheels, the cries of men and boys, all the busy sounds of a mighty multitude instinct with life and occupation, blended into one deep murmur, floated into the room. Above the hoarse loud hum, arose, from time to time, a boisterous laugh; or a scrap of some jingling song, shouted forth, by one of the giddy crowd, would strike upon the ear, for an instant, and then be lost amidst the roar of voices and the tramp of footsteps; the breaking of the billows of the restless sea of life, that rolled heavily on, without. Melancholy sounds to a quiet listener at any time; how melancholy to the watcher by the bed of death!

"There is no air here," said the sick man faintly. "The place pollutes it. It was fresh round about, when I walked there, years ago; but it grows hot and heavy in passing these walls. I cannot breathe it."

"We have breathed it together, for a long time," said the old man. "Come, come."

There was a short silence, during which the two spectators approached the bed. The sick man drew a hand of his old fellow prisoner towards him, and pressing it affectionately between both his own, retained it in his grasp.

"I hope," he gasped after a while: so faintly that they bent their ears close over the bed to catch the half-formed sounds his pale lips gave vent to: "I hope my merciful Judge will bear in mind my heavy punishment on earth. Twenty years, my friend, twenty years in this hideous grave! My


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MAJOR-GENERAL H. H. MAHARAJA SIR PARTAB SINGH, G.C.S.I.

Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir.


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 "I'm sorry to say that your landlord's wery bad to-night, sir," said Roker, setting down the glass, and inspecting the lining of his hat preparatory to putting it on again.

"What! The Chancery prisoner!" exclaimed Mr. Pickwick.

"He won't be a Chancery prisoner wery long, sir," replied Roker, turning his hat round, so as to get the maker's name right side upwards, as he looked into it.

"You make my blood run cold," said Mr. Pickwick. "What do you mean?"

"He's been consumptive for a long time past," said Mr. Roker, "and he's taken wery bad in the breath to-night. The doctor said, six months ago, that nothing but change of air could save him."

"Great Heaven!" exclaimed Mr. Pickwick; "has this man been slowly murdered by the law for six months?"

"I don't know about that," replied Roker, weighing the hat by the brims in both hands. "I suppose he'd have been took the same, wherever he was. He went into the infirmary, this morning; the doctor says his strength is to be kept up as much as possible; and the warden's sent him wine and broth and that, from his own house. It's not the warden's fault, you know, sir."

"Of course not," replied Mr. Pickwick hastily.

"I'm afraid, however," said Roker, shaking his head, "that it's all up with him. I offered Neddy two six penn'orths to one upon it just now, but he wouldn't take it, and quite right. Thankee, sir. Good night, sir."

"Stay," said Mr. Pickwick earnestly. "Where is this infirmary?"

"Just over where you slept, sir," replied Roker. "I'll show you, if you like to come. Mr. Pickwick snatched up his hat without speaking, and followed at once.

The turnkey led the way in silence; and gently raising the latch of the room-door, motioned Mr. Pickwick to enter. It was a large, bare, desolate room, with a number of stump bedsteads made of iron: on one of which lay stretched, the shadow


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H. H. THE MAHARAJA TUKOJI RAO BALASAHEB HOLKAfL

Maharaja of Indore.


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MAJOR-GENERAL H. H. MAHARAJA SIR MADHAO RAO S1N0HIA BAHADUR,

G.C.S.I., G.C.V.O., A.D.C., LL.D.

Maharaja of Gwauob.


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 "Well then, good night," said Mr. Pickwick, attempting to disengage his hand.

"My friend, my benefactor, my honoured companion," murmured Mr. Winkle, catching at his wrist. "Do not judge me harshly; do not, when you hear that, driven to extremity by hopeless obstacles, I"

"Now then," said Mr. Tupman, re-appearing at the door. "Are you coming, or are we to be locked in?"

"Yes, yes, I am ready," replied Mr. Winkle. And with a violent effort he tore himself away.

As Mr. Pickwick was gazing down the passage after them in silent astonishment, Sam Weller appeared at the stair-head, and whispered for one moment in Mr. Winkle's ear.

"Oh certainly, depend upon me," said that gentleman aloud.

"Thankee, sir. You won't forget, sir?" said Sam.

"Of course not," replied Mr. Winkle.

"Wish you luck, sir," said Sam, touching his hat. "I should very much liked to ha' joined you, sir; but the gov'ner o' course is pairamount."

"It is very much to your credit that you remain here," said Mr. Winkle. With these words they disappeared down the stairs.

"Very extraordinary," said Mr. Pickwick, going back into his room, and seating himself at the table in a musing attitude. "What can that young man be going to do?"

He had sat ruminating about the matter for some time, when the voice of Roker, the turnkey, demanded whether he might come in.

"By all means," said Mr. Pickwick.

"I've brought you a softer pillow, sir," said Roker, " instead of the temporary one you had last night."

"Thank you," said Mr. Pickwick. "Will you take a glass of wine?"

"You're wery good, sir," replied Mr. Roker, accepting the proffered glass. "Yours, sir."

"Thank you," said Mr. Pickwick.


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H. H. SULTANAH JAHAN G.C.S.I., G.C.LE. Begum of Bmopal.


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H. H. SIR KRISHNARAJ WODIAR. G. C. S. t

Maharaja of Mysore


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 Containers will have the greatest possible width of opening at sides and end. This will give maximum freedom for loading them by fork lift or pallet truck.

Where the nature and volume of traffic justifies it, suitable containers to carry any commodity now carried by general purpose or specialised road vehicles, will be provided. The use of privately-owned containers, built within British Railways specifications, will be encouraged.

The maximum length of container planned at present is 27 ft. because of present regulations for road vehicles. The wagon, however, is designed to permit an increase in container length to 30 ft. or more.

The task at the depot is essentially the simple one of transferring, very quickly and cheaply, containers of standard sizes between road and rail. The layout can be equally simple and depots will consist of a siding (or two), sometimes a line to release the locomotive, one or more cranes spanning the siding, a roadway, a park for road vehicles and containers, and a small building for the staff.

The depots, of which it is expected there will ultimately be about 55, fall into three principal groups. Large ones handling over 2 m. tons a year, medium ones handling around 0.5 m. tons to 2 m. tons a year, and a few small ones handling under 0.5 m. tons a year. Since the operation of Liner Trains will be restricted to only a few main routes, it will be possible to serve them through a small number of depots so that the capital cost of depots will be low in relation to their throughput and the unit costs of handling containers through them will also be low.

The depots proposed are marked on Map No. 11.

The transfer system must deal satisfactorily with containers of varying lengths, shapes and weights; it must be consistent with the use of standard road vehicles since the service should appeal to road hauliers and C licence holders; it must transfer to ground as well as to vehicle; and it must be so cheap and flexible as to give reasonable costs even when not in continuous use.

Many systems, both traditional and newly devised, have been studied. As a result, it is likely that the preferred methods will be the use of straddle cranes and gantry cranes, lifting automatically by means of pincer arms engaging in the base of the containers. At places of maximum and still growing intake and output, there may also be scope for application of the fork-lift principle developed to meet the special circumstances of Liner Trains.

Few road vehicles owned by British Railways are capable of carrying the new heavy containers. It is intended to co-operate with British Road Services, with C licence operators, and with road hauliers, so as to avoid an expensive duplication of road transport. As necessary, the Railway fleet will be adapted to the changing pattern which the Liner Train will initiate.


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 and an enormous meat pie, with sundry dishes of vegetables, and pots of porter, which stood upon the chairs or the sofa-bedstead, or where they could, everybody felt disposed to do justice to the meal, notwithstanding that the meat had been purchased, and dressed, and the pie made, and baked, at the prison cookery hard by.

To these, succeeded a bottle or two of very good wine, for which a messenger was dispatched by Mr. Pickwick to the Horn Coffeehouse, in Doctors' Commons. The bottle or two, indeed, might be more properly described as a bottle or six, for by the time it was drunk, and tea over, the bell began to ring for strangers to withdraw.

But, if Mr. Winkle's behaviour had been unaccountable in the morning, it became perfectly unearthly and solemn when, under the influence of his feelings, and his share of the bottle or six, he prepared to take leave of his friend. He lingered behind, until Mr. Tupman and Mr. Snodgrass had disappeared, and then fervently clenched Mr. Pickwick's hand, with an expression of face in which deep and mighty resolve was fearfully blended with the very concentrated essence of gloom.

"Good night, my dear sir!" said Mr. Winkle between his set teeth.

"Bless you, my dear fellow!" replied the warm-hearted Mr. Pickwick, as he returned the pressure of his young friend's hand.

"Now then!" cried Mr. Tupman from the gallery.

"Yes, yes, directly," replied Mr. Winkle. "Good night!"

"Good night," said Mr. Pickwick.

There was another good night, and another, and half-a-dozen more after that, and still Mr. Winkle had fast hold of his friend's hand, and was looking into his face with the same strange expression.

"Is anything the matter?" said Mr. Pickwick at last, when his arm was quite sore with shaking.

"Nothing," said Mr. Winkle.


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Bourne <Sf Shepherd, India.

H. H. NIZAMAJL-MULK MIR OSMAN ALI KHAN BAHADUR.

Nizam of Hyderabad.


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Bourne & Shepherd, India.

H. H. MAHARAJA SIR SAYAJ1 RAO GAEKWAR BAHADUR, C.C.S.L

Maharaja of Barooa.


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Rh In S. Matthew xxvii. 8, instead of the Hebrew Haceldama, or field of blood, the present Syriac has agurescadama, an evident Grecism, partly formed from, a field. Instead of the Hebrew Cephas, the Syriac has Kypho. For Eli, Eli, my God, my God, it has Il, Il, omitting the my. For Golgota, it has Golgoulto; for Jacob, Jaacoub, &c.

The Syrians thought that the translator of the New Testament from Greek into their language was S. Mark the Evangelist. But it is difficult to believe this, for both the Cyrils, Clement of Alexandria, SS. Athanasius and Damascene, Theodoret, S. Ephrem, who lived either in Syria, or else in Egypt, make no mention of it. I may add that the Version has several things which are little pleasing to learned men. This translator appears to have lived subsequently to the Fathers just named. He has this good point about him, however, that he was a Catholic opposed to heretics. For in the headings of his chapters he often makes mention of fasts, vigils, feasts, invocation of saints, &c.

As regards divisions, the Gospel of S. Matthew has been variously divided, and parted into sections. By the ancient Latin Church, according to S. Hilary, it was divided into 33 Canons: by others, it was divided into 67 Canons. By the later Latins it is divided into 28 chapters. By the Greeks, according to Euthymius, it was divided into 68 chapters; according to Suidas into 68 titles, and 355 chapters.

Lastly, S. Matthew is pre-eminent amongst the Evangelists in the following respects:—

1. He was the first who published a Gospel, wherefore Tertullian calls him, “that most faithful exponent of the Gospel.” (Lib. de Carne Christi, c. 22.)

2. Because he dwells upon Christ’s regal dignity more than the others.

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 Appendix 4

The description 'Liner Train' is applied to a conception of transport based upon joint use of road and rail for door-to-door transport of containerised merchandise, with special purpose, through-running, scheduled trains providing the trunk haul. It is envisaged as the future method for handling those flows of traffic, which are composed of consignments too small in themselves to make trainloads, but which aggregate beavyheavy [sic] regular flows sufficient to support one or more trains per day.

The advantages of the Railway are in the disciplined, safe, rapid movement of large tonnages at low cost. These advantages have generally been outweighed, firstly by the slow discharge of wagons, and secondly by the delays and damage inherent in collecting wagons in marshalling yards. The idea underlying the Liner Train is to by-pass both these obstacles to speed and economy. The expensive chassis of the wagon will no longer be marshalled, or be detained while goods are handled. Terminal delays will affect only the body.

The Liner Train then is a train of chassis which will remain continuously coupled. It will cater for the longer distance traffics and will run to a strict timetable calling for high utilisation of the stock. It will carry containers and, when fully loaded, it will have a gross load of 680 tons and a payload of 360 tons. The speed will be a maximum of 75 and an average of 50 miles an hour.

By their combination of speed, reliability in all weathers, freedom from damage or pilferage, and convenience of service, Liner Trains will surpass anything known by rail or road.

The Liner Train aims primarily to capture full load traffic not on rail, and to handle remuneratively traffics which are at present carried at a loss on rail.

The traffic studies show that about 16 m. tons a year of freight which is on road would be suitable for rail if the right conditions for conveyance could be created. The traffic is of the right physical nature and it moves in heavy and regular flows between a limited number of places and over sufficiently large distances. The conditions which must apply are speed, reliability, minimum handling and immunity from loss and damage, coupled with rates at a level acceptable to the customer and remunerative to the Railway.

The assessment of the potential tonnage is judged to be conservative. It includes only traffics which have been identified so far by examination of the individual flows of traffic in the 93 m. tons initially judged to be favourable to rail. A more thorough-going examination of 130 m. tons rejected as unsuitable for rail haul by traditional means may lead to some addition to the 16 m. tons identified so far.

To the tonnage which may be drawn on to rail can be added about 10 to 12 m. tons of existing wagonload rail traffic. Much of it originates at private sidings and is consigned to stations. Most of this is unremunerative at present, but will


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Page:Books on Egypt and Chaldaea, Vol. 32--Legends of the Gods.pdf/327

 "Typhon," the name of her professed adversary, is also a Greek word, and means "pride and insolence." This latter name is well adapted to one who, full of ignorance and error, tears in pieces and conceals that holy doctrine which the goddess collects, compiles, and delivers to those who aspire after the most perfect participation in the divine nature. This doctrine inculcates a steady perseverance in one uniform and temperate course of life, and an abstinence from particular kinds of foods, as well as from all indulgence of the carnal appetite, and it restrains the intemperate and voluptuous part within due bounds, and at the same time habituates her votaries to undergo those austere and rigid ceremonies which their religion obliges them to observe. The end and aim of all these toils and labours is the attainment of the knowledge of the First and Chief Being, who alone is the object of the understanding of the mind; and this knowledge the goddess invites us to seek after, as being near and dwelling continually with her. And this also is what the very name of her temple promiseth to us, that is to say, the knowledge and understanding of the eternal and self-existent Being ( τοὒ ὄυτας )--now, it is called "Iseion," which suggests that if we approach the temple of the goddess rightly, and with purity, we shall obtain the knowledge of that eternal and self-existent Being ( τὸ ὂυ ).

The goddess Isis is said by some authors to be


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Page:The Castle of Wolfenbach - Parsons - 1854.djvu/306

Lost in surprize, Osbert stood for some time looking down upon an inner court, whence the sounds seemed to arise; after a few minutes he observed a young lady enter from that side on which the tower arose, on her arm rested an elder one, in whose face might be traced the lines of decaying beauty, but it was visible from the melancholy which clouded her features, that the finger of affliction had there anticipated the ravages of time. She was dressed in the habit of a widow, and the black veil which shaded her forehead, and gave a fine expression to her countenance, devolved upon the ground in a length of train, and heightened the natural majesty of her figure; she moved with slow steps, and was supported by the young lady whose veil half disclosed a countenance where beauty was touched with sorrow and inimitable expression; the elegance of her form, and the dignity of her air, proclaimed her to be of distinguished rank. On her arm was hung that lute, whose melody had just charmed the attention of the Earl, who was now fixed in wonder at what he beheld, that was equalled only by his admiration. They retired through a gate on the opposite side of the court, and were seen no more. Osbert followed them with his eyes, which for some time remained fixed upon the door through which they had disappeared, almost insensible of their departure. When he returned to himself, he discovered as if for the first time, that he was in solitude. He conjectured that these strangers were confined by the oppressive power of the Baron, and his eyes were suffused with


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Page:Books on Egypt and Chaldaea, Vol. 32--Legends of the Gods.pdf/328

 the daughter of Hermes, and by others of Prometheus, both of them famous for their philosophic turn of mind. The latter is supposed to have first taught mankind wisdom and foresight, as the former is reputed to have invented letters and music.

They likewise call the former of the two Muses at Hermppolis Isis as well as Dikaiosune, she being none other, it is said, than Wisdom pointing out the knowledge of divine truths to her votaries, the true Hierophori and Hierostoli. Now, by the former of these are meant such who carry about them locked up in their souls, as in a chest, the sacred doctrine concerning the gods, purified from all such superfluities as superstition may have added thereto. And the holy apparel with which the Hierostoli adorn the statues of these deities, which is partly of a dark and gloomy and partly of a more bright and shining colour, seems aptly


text:
Page:Hudibras - Volume 2 (Butler, Nash, Bohn; 1859).djvu/299

RV 437 (Rh)


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Page:The Imperial Durbar Album of the Indian princes, chiefs and zamindars.djvu/54

K H- NAWAB SADIQ MAHOMMED KHAN. Nawab. of Bhahawalpur.


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Page:Books on Egypt and Chaldaea, Vol. 32--Legends of the Gods.pdf/324

 his mother likewise. As for the poison, the strength thereof has been made powerless. Verily I am a favoured one, and I will join myself 250 to his hour to hurl back the report of evil to him that sent it forth. The heart of Rā-Ḥeru-Khuti rejoiceth. Thy son Horus is counted up for life [which is] on this child to make him to smite, and to retreat (?) from those who are above, and to turn back the paths of the Sebȧu fiends from him, so that he may take possession of the throne of the Two Lands. Rā is in heaven to make answer on 251 behalf of him and his father. The words of power of his mother have lifted up his face, and they protect him and enable him to go round about wheresoever he pleaseth, and to set the terror of him in celestial beings. I have made haste ......"


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Page:The Imperial Durbar Album of the Indian princes, chiefs and zamindars.djvu/60

Herzog & Higgins. Mhow.


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Page:The Imperial Durbar Album of the Indian princes, chiefs and zamindars.djvu/63

{{c|{{c|Maharao of Bundi.}}


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Page:Hudibras - Volume 2 (Butler, Nash, Bohn; 1859).djvu/300

RV 438 (ANSWER.])


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Page:Variable Capital Companies Act 2018.pdf/146

Rh :(8) The following provision applies in place of section 219(1) of the Companies Act (which enables the Court to fix the remuneration of a receiver or manager of a company):

 * "The Court may —

 * (a) on an application by the liquidator of a VCC, by order fix the amount to be paid as remuneration to a person who, under a power contained in any instrument, has been appointed as receiver or manager of the property of the VCC or its sub-fund; or

 * (b) on an application by the liquidator of a sub-fund, by order fix the amount to be paid as remuneration to a person who, under a power contained in any instrument, has been appointed as receiver or manager of the property of the sub-fund.".

 * (9) The following provision applies in place of section 220 of the Companies Act (which is about the appointment of a company's liquidator as receiver of the company):

 * "Where an application is made to the Court to appoint a on behald of debentures or other creditors of —

 * (a) a VCC; or

 * (b) a sub-fund,

 * which is being wound up by the Court, the Court may appoint the liquidator as such receiver."

 * (10) A reference in sections 223(1) and 224 of the Companies Act to a statement in the prescribed form as to the affairs of a company or of any particulars concerning a company in the statement, is to a statement in the prescribed form as to the affairs of the VCC or of the sub-fund (as the case may be), or of those particulars concerning the VCC or the sub-fund, as the case may be.

 * (11) The reference in section 223(3) of the Companies Act to the winding up of the company is to the winding up of the VCC or the sub-fund, as the case may be.

 * (12) The reference in section 224(2)(a) and (d) of the Companies Act to an officer of the company is to —


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Page:The Imperial Durbar Album of the Indian princes, chiefs and zamindars.djvu/66

Wiele & Klein, Madras.


text: Page:Principles of Computational Biology Lecture 11, Phylogenetic trees.pdf/9


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Vernon df Co., Bombay.

H. H. MAHARAO SAWAI SIR KHENGARJI BAHADUR. G.C.I.E.,

Rao of Cutch.


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Page:The Imperial Durbar Album of the Indian princes, chiefs and zamindars.djvu/72

COL. H. H. MAHARAJADH1RAJA SIR SAWAI MADHO SJNGH BAHApUR*

G.C.S.I., G.C.I.E.. G.C.V.O., Maharaja of Jaipur.


text: Page:Principles of Computational Biology Lecture 11, Phylogenetic trees.pdf/10


text: Page:The genuine remains in verse and prose of Mr. Samuel Butler (1759), volume 1.djvu/134


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Page:The story of the flute (IA storyofflute1914fitz).djvu/25

 Thinking that they were concealing the nymph, Pan cut the reeds, and amorously sighing over them, they gave forth musical sounds, whereupon he fashioned them into pipes of various lengths and played upon them.

Ovid assigns the invention of the flute to Minerva, who, finding herself laughed at by Juno and Venus whenever she played it,

Alcibiades abandoned the flute for a like reason, saying that a man's most intimate friends would hardly recognise him when playing it. Hence Greek sculptors never represented a player actually blowing into the flute, and the ancient players often wore veils.

To return to Pan and Marsyas. The former challenged Apollo to a contest between flute and lyre (Apollo's special instrument). Midas, King of Phrygia, who acted as judge, decided in favour of Pan and his flute, and was decorated with asses' ears in consequence. Apollo then challenged Marsyas, a famous flute-player, whom he defeated, because Apollo accompanied his lyre with his voice. Marsyas complained that this was unfair at a trial of instruments only, to which the god rejoined that Marsyas also used both his fingers and his mouth. This puzzled the judges, and another trial was ordered, at which Marsyas was again


text: Page:Principles of Computational Biology Lecture 11, Phylogenetic trees.pdf/11


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text:
Blessed be God

 * "Blessed be God", also called the "Divine Praises", an 18th-century Roman Catholic expiatory prayer
 * Blessed be God, a prayer book by Charles Jerome Callan

title: Blessed be God


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Page:Unclos e.djvu/59

65

Every State shall adopt the laws and regulations necessary to provide that, if persons subject to its jurisdiction who are the owners of a submarine cable or pipeline beneath the high seas, in laying or repairing that cable or pipeline, cause a break in or injury to another cable or pipeline, they shall bear the cost of the repairs.

Every State shall adopt the laws and regulations necessary to ensure that the owners of ships who can prove that they have sacrificed an anchor, a net or any other fishing gear, in order to avoid injuring a submarine cable or pipeline, shall be indemnified by the owner of the cable or pipeline, provided that the owner of the ship has taken all reasonable precautionary measures beforehand.

All States have the right for their nationals to engage in fishing on the high seas subject to:
 * (a) their treaty obligations;
 * (b) the rights and duties as well as the interest of coastal States provided for, inter alia, in article 63, paragraph 2, and articles 64 and 67; and
 * (c) the provisions of this section.

All States have the duty to take, or to cooperate with other States in taking, such measures for their respective nationals as may be necessary for the conservation of the living resources of the high seas.

States shall cooperate with each other in the conservation and management of living resources in the area of the high seas. States whose nationals exploit identical living resources, or different living resources in the same area, shall enter into negotiations with a view to taking the measures necessary for the conversation of the living resources concerned. They shall,

title: Page:Unclos e.djvu/59


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Page:Principles of Computational Biology Lecture 11, Phylogenetic trees.pdf/14

Example: Consider binary characters. Each character corresponds to a gene. 0-gene absent 1-gene present It makemakes [sic] sense to assume directed changes only form 0 to 1. The root has to be all zeros


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text: Page:The genuine remains in verse and prose of Mr. Samuel Butler (1759), volume 1.djvu/133


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text: Page:The genuine remains in verse and prose of Mr. Samuel Butler (1759), volume 1.djvu/132


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Page:Self-help with illustrations of conduct and perseverance (IA selfhelpwithillu00smiliala).pdf/138

 name—their productions were of the rudest kind, for the most part only plain brown ware, with the pattern scratched in while the clay was wet. The principal supply of the better articles of earthenware came from Delft in Holland, and of drinking stone pots from Cologne. Two foreign potters, the brothers Elers from Nuremberg, settled for a time in Staffordshire, and introduced an improved manufacture, but they shortly after removed to Chelsea, where they confined themselves to the manufacture of ornamental pieces. No porcelain capable of resisting a scratch with a hard point had yet been made in England; and for a long time the "white ware" made in Staffordshire was not white, but of a dirty cream colour. Such, in a few words, was the condition of the pottery manufacture when Josiah Wedgwood was born at Burslem in 1730. By the time that he died, sixty-four years later, it had become completely changed. By his energy, skill, and genius, he established the trade upon a new and solid foundation; and, in the words of his epitaph, "converted a rude and inconsiderable manufacture into an elegant art and an important branch of national commerce."

Josiah Wedgwood was one of those indefatigable men who from time to time spring from the ranks of the common people, and by their energetic character not only practically educate the working population in habits of industry, but by the example of diligence and perseverance which they set before them, largely influence the public activity in all directions, and contribute in a great degree to form the national character. He was, like Arkwright, the youngest of a family of thirteen children. His grandfather and granduncle were both potters,


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Page:Alumni Oxonienses (1500-1714) volume 3.djvu/395

 Quinbrough, Michael, s. William, of Coventry, p.p., matric. 11 May, 1670, aged 18; vicar of Exhall, co. Warwick, 1686. See Foster's Index Eccl.  Quiney, George, of co. Warwick, pleb. .,, matric. 5 May, 1620, aged 19; B.A. 11 May, 1620, as Queney.  Quinney, Richard; B.A. from. 27 Oct., 1638.  Quinsey, Thomas; B.A. from ., Cambridge. 1653-4. M.A. 1657; incorporated 9 May, 1661, vicar of Godalming, Surrey, 1661; licenced 10 Feb., 1675-6 (a widower), to marry Mrs. Gresham Kirk, of Godalming, Surrey, widow; vicar of Horsell, Surrey, 1679. See London Marriage Licences, ed. Foster, & Foster's Index Eccl.  Quintin, John, s. Edw., of Norwich (city), p.p. ., matric. 27 Feb., 1693-4, aged 18; migrated to ., Cambridge, 1696, B.A. 1697-8. rector of Thwaite St. Mary, Norfolk, 1713. See Foster's Index Eccl.  [5]

Quintan, Samuel, of co. Gloucester, pleb. ., matric. 28 Jan., 1619-20, aged 15; B.A. 12 Nov., 1623. See also.  Quintan, Theophilus, s. William, of Berkley, co. Gloucester, sacerd. ., matric. entry 2 July, 1624, aged 10; chorister 1624, B.A. 24 July, 1634, demy 1634-7, M.A. 13 May, 1637, rector of Littleton-on Severn, co. Gloucester, 1639, of Litton-Cheney, Dorset, 1639, of Rockington, co. Gloucester, 1641, and of Tokenham Week, Wilts. 1660, canon of Bristol 1665-83; father of the next. See Bloxam, i. 37; & Foster's Index Eccl.  Quintin, Theophilus, s. Theophilus, of Tokenham, Wilts, minister. ., matric. 21 June, 1667, aged 18, chorister 1663-8; vicar of Wear, Somerset, 1672 (legum studiosus), until his death in 1675. See Bloxam, i. 93; & Foster's Index Eccl.

Quinton, William, of co. Gloucester, pleb. ., matric. 16 Oct., 1607, aged 19, B.A. 23 Oct, 1610. See also.

Quipp, William, of co. Lincoln, cler. fil. , matric. 8 Dec, 1615, aged 16; B.A. from. supd. 29 May, 1619, rector of Rockington or Rockhampton, co. Gloucester, 1633. See Foster's Index Eccl & O.H.S. xii. 379.
 [10] [ 1226 ]


text: The Genuine Remains in Verse and Prose of Mr. Samuel Butler/Volume 1/Satyrical Epistle to a bad Poet


title: Page:Scc-reedley-report-11.15.pdf/2