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 the letters, and Pope would have had some grounds of complaint had he not been aware of the failure of Swift's mind, and had he not been himself the tempter. His position, however, forced him to blame his friend. It was a necessary part of his case to impute at least a breach of confidence to his victim. He therefore took the attitude—it must, one hopes, have cost him a blush—of one who is seriously aggrieved, but who is generously anxious to shield a friend in consideration of his known infirmity. He is forced, in sorrow, to admit that Swift has erred, but he will not allow himself to be annoyed. The most humiliating words ever written by a man not utterly vile, must have been those which Pope set down in a letter to Nugent, after giving his own version of the case: "I think I can make no reflections upon this strange incident but what are truly melancholy, and humble the pride of human nature. That the greatest of geniuses, though prudence may have been the companion of wit (which is very rare) for their whole lives past, may have nothing left them but their vanity. No decay of body is half so miserable." The most audacious hypocrite of fiction pales beside this. Pope, condescending to the meanest complication of lies to justify a paltry vanity, taking advantage of his old friend's dotage to trick him into complicity, then giving a false account of his error, and finally moralizing, with all the airs of philosophic charity, and taking credit for his generosity, is altogether a picture to set fiction at defiance.

I must add a remark not so edifying. Pope went down to his grave soon afterwards, without exciting suspicion except among two or three people intimately concerned. A whisper of doubt was soon hushed. Even the biographers who were on the track of his former

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 deception did not suspect this similar iniquity. The last of them, Mr. Carruthers, writing in 1857, observes upon the pain given to Pope by the treachery of Swift—a treachery of course palliated by Swift's failure of mind. At last Mr. Dilke discovered the truth, which has been placed beyond doubt by the still later discovery of the letters to Orrery. The moral is, apparently, that it is better to cheat a respectable man than a rogue; for the respectable tacitly form a society for mutual support of character, whilst the open rogue will be only too glad to show that you are even such an one as himself.

It was not probable that letters thus published should be printed with scrupulous accuracy. Pope, indeed, can scarcely have attempted to conceal the fact that they had been a good deal altered. And so long as the letters were regarded merely as literary compositions, the practice was at least pardonable. But Pope went further; and the full extent of his audacious changes was not seen until Mr. Dilke became possessed of the Caryll correspondence. On comparing the copies preserved by Caryll with the letters published by Pope, it became evident that Pope had regarded these letter as so much raw material, which he might carve into shape at pleasure, and with such alterations of date and address as might be convenient, to the confusion of all biographers and editors ignorant of his peculiar method of editing. The details of these very disgraceful falsifications have been fully described by Mr. Elwin, but I turn gladly from this lamentable narrative to say something of the literary value of the correspondence. Every critic has made the obvious remark that Pope's letters are artificial and self-conscious. Pope claimed the opposite merit. " It is many years," he says to Swift in

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 swamp, he wore that filament tucked up scandalously short. Whenever we were sitting down in the forest having one of our nondescript meals, he always sat next to me and appropriated the tin. Then he would fill his pipe, and turning to me with the easy grace of aristocracy, would say what may be translated as "My dear Princess, could you favour me with a lucifer?"

I used to say, "My dear Duke, charmed, I'm sure," and give him one ready lit.

I dared not trust him with the box whole, having a personal conviction that he would have kept it. I asked him what he would do suppose I was not there with a box of lucifers; and he produced a bush-cow's horn with a neat wood lid tied on with tie tie, and from out of it he produced a flint and steel and demonstrated. Unfortunately all his grace's minor possessions, owing to the scantiness of his attire, were in one and the same pine-apple-fibre bag which he wore slung across his shoulder; and these possessions, though not great, were as dangerous to the body as a million sterling is said to be to the soul, for they consisted largely of gunpowder and snuff, and their separate receptacles leaked and their contents commingled, so that demonstration on fire-making methods among the Fan ended in an awful bang and blow-up in a small way, and the Professor and his pupil sneezed like fury for ten minutes, and a cruel world laughed till it nearly died, for twenty. Still that bag with all its failings was a wonder for its containing power.

The first day in the forest we came across a snake —a beauty with a new red-brown and yellow-patterned velvety skin, about three feet six inches long and as thick as a man's thigh. Ngouta met it, hanging from a bough, and shot backwards like a lobster, Ngouta having among his many weaknesses a rooted horror of snakes. This snake the Ogowé natives all hold in great aversion. For the bite of other sorts of snakes they profess to have remedies, but for this they have none. If, however, a native is stung by one he usually conceals the fact that it was this particular kind, and tries to get any chance the native doctor's medicine may give. The Duke stepped


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 ( Sambhava Parva continued. )

Vaisampayana said, "Then Indra held a consultation with Narayana about the latter's decent on earth from heaven with all the gods according to their respective portions. And having commanded all the dwellers of heaven, Indra returned from the abode of Narayana. And the dwellers of heaven gradually became incarnate on Earth for the destruction of the Asuras and the welfare of the three worlds. And then, O tiger amongst kings, the celestials took their births, according as they pleased, in the lines of Brahmarshis and royal sages. And they slew the Danavas, Rakshasas, Gandharvas and Snakes, other man-eaters, and, indeed, many other creatures. And, O bull of the Bharata race, the Danavas and Rakshasas, Gandharvas and Snakes, could not slay the incarnate celestials even in their infancy, they were so strong!"

Janamejaya said, "I desire to hear, from the beginning, of the births of the gods, the Danavas, the Gandharvas, the Apsaras, men, Yakshas, and Rakshas. Therefore, it behoveth thee to tell me about the births of all creatures."

Vaisampayana said, "Indeed, I shall, having bowed down to the self-create, tell thee in detail the origin of the celestials and other creatures. It is known that Brahmā hath six spiritual sons, viz, Marichi, Atri, Angira, Pulastya, Pulaha, and Kratu. And Marichi's son is Kasyapa, and from Kasyapa have sprung these creatures. Unto Daksha (one of the Prajapatis) were born thirteen daughters of great good fortune. The daughters of Daksha are, O tiger among men and prince of the Bharata race, Aditi, Diti, Danu, Kala, Danayu, Sinhika, Krodha, Pradha, Viswa, Vinata, Kapila, Muni, and Kadru. The sons and grand-sons of these, gifted with great energy, have been infinite. From Aditi have sprung the twelve Adityas who are the lords of the universe. And, O Bharata, as they are according to their names, shall I recount them to thee. They are Dhata, Mitra, Aryama, Sakra, Varuna, Angsa, Vaga, Vivaswan, Pusha, Savita, Tashta, and Vishnu. The


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, "since I wrote as a wit." He smiles to think "how Curll would be bit were our epistles to fall into his hands, and how gloriously they would fall short of every ingenious reader's anticipations." Warburton adds in a note that Pope used to "value himself upon this particular." It is indeed true that Pope had dropped the boyish affectation of his letters to Wycherley and Cromwell. But such a statement in the mouth of a man who plotted to secure Curll's publication of his letters, with devices elaborate enough to make the reputation of an unscrupulous diplomatist, is of course only one more example of the superlative degree of affectation, the affectation of being unaffected. We should be indeed disappointed were we to expect in Pope's letters what we find in the best specimens of the art: the charm which belongs to a simple outpouring of friendly feeling in private intercourse; the sweet playfulness of Cowper, or the grave humour of Gray, or even the sparkle and brilliance of Walpole's admirable letters. Though Walpole had an eye to posterity, and has his own mode of affectation, he is for the moment intent on amusing, and is free from the most annoying blemish in Pope's writing, the resolution to appear always in full dress, and to mount as often as possible upon the stilts of moral self-approbation. All this is obvious to the hasty reader; and yet I must confess my own conviction that there is scarcely a more interesting volume in the language than that which contains the correspondence of Swift, Bolingbroke, and Pope. To enjoy it, indeed, we must not expect to be in sympathy with the writers. Rather we must adopt the mental attitude of spectators of a scene of high comedy—the comedy which is dashed with satire and has a tragical side to it. We are behind the scenes in Vanity Fair, and listening to the talk of three of its most famous per-

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 serious discussion, which began, I believe, in a weekly paper devoted to the interests of various nonconformist religious organisations, about the proper length for a novel. The critic was to begin his painful duties with a yard measure. The matter was taken up with profound gravity by the Westminster Gazette, and a considerable number of literary men and women were circularised and asked to state, in the face of "Tom Jones," "The Vicar of Wakefield," "The Shabby-Genteel Story," and "Bleak House," just exactly how long the novel ought to be. Our replies varied according to the civility of our natures, but the mere attempt to raise the question shows, I think, how widespread among the editorial, paragraph-writing, opinion-making sort of people is this notion of prescribing a definite length and a definite form for the novel. In the newspaper correspondence that followed, our friend the Weary Giant made a transitory appearance again. We were told the novel ought to be long enough for him to take up after dinner and finish before his whisky at eleven.

That was obviously a half-forgotten echo of Edgar Allan Poe's discussion of the short story. Edgar Allan Poe was very definite upon the point that the short story should be finished at a sitting. But the novel and short story are two entirely different things, and the train of reasoning that made the American master limit the short story to about an hour of reading as a maximum, does not apply to the longer work. A short story is, or should be, a simple thing; it aims at producing one single, vivid effect; it has to seize the attention at the outset, and never relaxing, gather


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 formers, doubting whether they most deceive each other or the public or themselves. The secret is an open one for us, now that the illusion which perplexed contemporaries has worn itself threadbare.

The most impressive letters are undoubtedly those of Swift—the stern sad humourist, frowning upon the world which has rejected him, and covering his wrath with an affectation, not of fine sentiment, but of misanthropy. A soured man prefers to turn his worst side outwards. There are phrases in his letters which brand themselves upon the memory like those of no other man; and we are softened into pity as the strong mind is seen gradually sinking into decay. The two other sharers in the colloquy are in effective contrast. We see through Bolingbroke's magnificent self-deceit; the flowing manners of the statesman who, though the game is lost, is longing for a favourable turn of the card, but still affects to solace himself with philosophy, and wraps himself in dignified reflections upon the blessings of retirement, contrast with Swift's downright avowal of indignant scorn for himself and mankind. And yet we have a sense of the man's amazing cleverness, and regret that he has no chance of trying one more fall with his antagonists in the open arena. Pope's affectation is perhaps the most transparent and the most gratuitous. His career had been pre-eminently successful; his talents had found their natural outlet; and he had only to be what he apparently persuaded himself that he was, to be happy in spite of illness. He is constantly flourishing his admirable moral sense in our faces, dilating upon his simplicity, modesty, fidelity to his friends, indifference to the charms of fame, till we are almost convinced that he has imposed upon himself. By some strange piece of legerdemain he must surely have succeeded in regarding even his deliberate artifices, with

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104 advised. I cut out his angry tongue, and put a kind one there instead.”

Samuel was not only vizier, he was also Rabbi. His knowledge of the Rabbinical literature was profound, and his “Introduction to the Talmud” (Mebo ha-Talmud) is still a standard work. He expended much labor and money on collecting the works of the Gaonim. The versatility of Samuel was extraordinary. From the palace he would go to the school; after inditing a despatch he would compose a hymn; he would leave a reception of foreign diplomatists to discuss intricate points of Rabbinical law or examine the latest scientific discoveries. As a poet, his muse was that of the town, not of the field. But though he wrote no nature poems, he resembled the ancient Hebrew Psalmists in one striking feature. He sang new songs of thanksgiving over his own triumphs, uttered laments on his own woes, but there is an impersonal note in these songs as there is in the similar


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 *, potter, 329.
 * Obanawa, painter of keramics, 389.
 * Obasen, Fukami, potter, 114.
 * Oda, Higo, porcelain factory, 325.
 * Odashi, Hizen, potteries, 116–118.
 * Odo ware, 348; Tōkyō ware so called, 349.
 * Oe ware, 366.
 * Ogata Kichisaburo, potter, 216; figure subjects, 217.
 * Ogata Sansei. See Kenzan.
 * Ogawa Kyuemon, expert in kilns, 235; his faience, 328.
 * Ogawa Ritsuo. See Haritsu.
 * Ogawa Riuzaemon, potter, 328.
 * Ogori Sotan, patron of keramics, 404,
 * Ohashi Rakuzen, potter, 223, 224.
 * Ohi family, potters, 256, 257.
 * Ohi ware, 255, 257; faience popularly so called, 258.
 * Okabe Tokuzō, potter, 321.
 * Okami Buhei, potter, 119.
 * Okami Jingoro, potter, 119.
 * Okamoto Sadagoro, potter, 401.
 * Okamoto Sadahachi, potter, 401.
 * Okamura Jōsaku, potter, 356.
 * Okawachi, Hizen, beginnings of keramic industry, 94; porcelain manufacture, 94, 95; official patronage, 95; character of the porcelain, 96, 123–128; identification of the porcelain, 97; products monopolised by the feudal lord, 98; céladon, 98; modern conditions, 99; export of the ware, 123, 126; crackle, 128.
 * Oku-gōrai ware, 308.
 * Okumura Yasutaro. See Shōzan.
 * Okura Seishichi, potter, 254.
 * Okushi family, potters, 115.
 * Old Japan, porcelain, origin, 78; character, 79; designs of decoration, 80–82; dominant colours, 82; identification, 89; not a characteristic ware, 132.
 * Omi province, source of faience materials, 365; ancient kilns, 365; Zeze wares, 366–368; Shigaraki ware, 368–370; Shigaraki clay, 370; Nagarasan ware, 370; Kotō porcelain, 371.
 * Omuro ware, 182.
 * Oniwa ware, 375, 387; imitation, 377.
 * Ono Genriu-in, potter-priest, 154; his faience ware, 157; descendants, 157.
 * Ono-mura, Kaga, pottery, 247, 248.
 * Oribe ware, 275.
 * Ota, imitation Satsuma ware, 404; Makuzu ware, 405; porcelain, 406, 418.
 * Otagaki Rengetsu, female potter and poet, 230; her ware, 231.
 * Otoroku, potter, 179, 187.
 * Otowaya, early Kyōtō potter, 179, 187.
 * Otowaya Sōzaemon. See Kentei.
 * Owari province, traditional ware, 263; Oribe ware, 275; Shino ware, 276; Gempin ware, 276; Mifukai ware, 278; Shuntai ware, 279; flambé glazes, 279; Tokoname ware, 280; Toyōsuke Raku ware, 281; origin of porcelain manufacture, 282–287; composition of the porcelain, 287, 291; variable character of the porcelain, 288–290; modern conditions, 292, 306; counterfeit Satsuma faience, 299. See also Seto.
 * Oyamado Sahei, patron of Mikawachi potters, 101.
 *
 * Pâte-sur-pâte decoration, 198–201.
 * Pigments. See Colours.
 * Porcelain, none in Shōsō-in collection, 11; art acquired from China, 17, 21; Chinese primacy, 19–21, 62, 411–413; first Japanese manufacture, 22–25, 39–41; why not followed up, 26–29; Chinese ivory-white mistaken for Korean,


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 "For what reason should he call upon you, Sir?" replied Edward.

"Simply, young man, because the New Forest is, by the Parliament, committed to my charge. Notice has been given for all those who were employed to come here, that they might be permitted to remain, or be discharged, as I may deem most advisable."

"Jacob Armitage has heard nothing of this, Sir," replied Edward. "He was a keeper, appointed under the king; for two or three years his allowances have never been paid, and he has lived on his own cottage, which was left to him by his father, being his own property."

"And pray may I ask, young man, do you live with Jacob Armitage?"

"I have done so for more than a year."

"And as your relation has received no pay and allowances; as you state, pray by what means has he maintained himself?"

"How have the other keepers maintained themselves?" replied Edward.

"Do not put questions to me, Sir," replied the gentleman; "but be pleased to reply to mine. What has been the means of subsistence of Jacob Armitage?"

"If you think he has no means of subsistence, Sir, you are mistaken," replied Edward. "We have land of our own, which we cultivate; we have our pony and our cart; we have our pigs and our cows."

"And they have been sufficient?"

"Had the patriarchs more?" replied Edward.

"You are pithy at reply, young man; but I know something of Jacob Armitage, and we know," continued he, putting his finger close to some writing opposite the name on the list, "with whom he has associated, and with whom he has served. Now allow me to put one question. You have come, you say, for two


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 forward and with one blow flattened its head against the tree with his gun butt, and then folded the snake up and got as much of it as possible into the bag, while the rest hung dangling out. Ngouta, not being able to keep ahead of the Duke, his Grace's pace being stiff, went to the extreme rear of the party, so that other people might be killed first if the snake returned to life, as he surmised it would. He fell into other dangers from this caution, but I cannot chronicle Ngouta's afflictions in full without running this book into an old-fashioned folio size. We had the snake for supper, that is to say the Fan and I; the others would not touch it, although a good snake, properly cooked, is one of the best meats one gets out here, far and away better than the African fowl.

The Fans also did their best to educate me in every way: they told me their names for things, while I told them mine, throwing in besides as "a dash for top" a few colloquial phrases such as: "Dear me, now," "Who'd have thought it," "Stuff, my dear sir," and so on; and when I left them they had run each together as it were into one word, and a nice savage sound they had with them too, especially "dearmenow," so I must warn any philologist who visits the Fans, to beware of regarding any word beyond two syllables in length as being of native origin. I found several European words already slightly altered in use among them, such as "Amuck"—a mug, "Alas"—a glass, a tumbler. I do not know whether their "Ami"—a person addressed, or spoken of—is French or not. It may come from "Anwě"—M'pongwe for "Ye," "You." They use it as a rule in addressing a person after the phrase they always open up conversation with, "Azuna"—Listen, or I am speaking.

They also showed me many things: how to light a fire from the pith of a certain tree, which was useful to me in after life, but they rather overdid this branch of instruction one way and another; for example, Wiki had, as above indicated, a mania for bush-ropes and a marvellous eye and knowledge of them; he would pick out from among the thousands surrounding us now one of such peculiar suppleness that you could wind it round anything, like a strip of cloth, and as strong withal as a hawser; or again another which has


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 a certain stiffness, combined with a slight elastic spring, excellent for hauling, with the ease and accuracy of a lady who picks out the particular twisted strand of embroidery silk from a multi-coloured tangled ball. He would go into the bush after them while other people were resting, and particularly after the sort which, when split is bright yellow, and very supple and excellent to tie round loads.

On one occasion, between Egaja and Esoon, he came back from one of these quests and wanted me to come and see something, very quietly; I went, and we crept down into a rocky ravine, on the other side of which lay one of the outer-most Egaja plantations. When we got to the edge of the cleared ground, we lay down, and wormed our way, with elaborate caution, among a patch of Koko; Wiki first, I following in his trail.

After about fifty yards of this, Wiki sank flat, and I saw before me some thirty yards off, busily employed in pulling down plantains, and other depredations, five gorillas: one old male, one young male, and three females. One of these had clinging to her a young fellow, with beautiful wavy black hair with just a kink in it. The big male was crouching on his haunches, with his long arms hanging down on either side, with the backs of his hands on the ground, the palms upwards. The elder lady was tearing to pieces and eating a pine-apple, while the others were at the plantains destroying more than they ate.

They kept up a sort of a whinnying, chattering noise, quite different from the sound I have heard gorillas give when enraged, or from the one you can hear them giving when they are what the natives call "dancing" at night. I noticed that their reach of arm was immense, and that when they went from one tree to another, they squattered across the open ground in a most inelegant style, dragging their long arms with the knuckles downwards. I should think the big male and female were over six feet each. The others would be from four to five. I put out my hand and laid it on Wiki's gun to prevent him from firing, and he, thinking I was going to fire, gripped my wrist.

I watched the gorillas with great interest for a few seconds,


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 until I heard Wiki make a peculiar small sound, and looking at him saw his face was working in an awful way as he clutched his throat with his hand violently.

Heavens! think I, this gentleman's going to have a fit; it's lost we are entirely this time. He rolled his head to and fro, and then buried his face into a heap of dried rubbish at the foot of a plantain stem, clasped his hands over it, and gave an explosive sneeze. The gorillas let go all, raised themselves up for a second, gave a quaint sound between a bark and a howl, and then the ladies and the young gentleman started home. The old male rose to his full height (it struck me at the time this was a matter of ten feet at least, but for scientific purposes allowance must be made for a lady's notions) and looked straight towards us, or rather towards where that sound came from. Wiki went off into a paroxysm of falsetto sneezes the like of which I have never heard; nor evidently had the gorilla, who doubtless thinking, as one of his black co-relatives would have thought, that the phenomenon favoured Duppy, went off after his family with a celerity that was amazing the moment he touched the forest, and disappeared as they had, swinging himself along through it from bough to bough, in a way that convinced me that, given the necessity of getting about in tropical forests, man has made a mistake in getting his arms shortened. I have seen many wild animals in their native wilds, but never have I seen anything to equal gorillas going through bush; it is a graceful, powerful, superbly perfect hand-trapeze performance.

After this sporting adventure, we returned, as I usually return from a sporting adventure, without measurements or the body.

Our first day's march, though the longest, was the easiest, though, providentially I did not know this at the time. From my Woermann road walks I judge it was well twenty-five miles. It was easiest however, from its lying for the greater part of


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 * 43; discovery of porcelain stone, 55; composition of various kinds, 234, 407–409; modern, after Chinese models, 416–424.
 * Hizen: discovery of porcelain stone, 55; early Arita, 57, 59; composition and varieties of stone, 58, 64–67; development of enamel decoration in Arita, 61–63; process, 67–75; composition, 72; colours used in decorating, 74, 87; influence and extent of Dutch trade, 75–87; Old Japan ware, 79–82; characteristics, 89, 97, 123–128; decorative devices, 90, 94; art decline, 92–94; Okawachi, 94–98; Mikawachi, 101–107; egg-shell, 105, 110–112; rarity of unglazed, 105; modelled, 105, 106; potters, 107, 108, 112–118; revival, 113; Odashi, 117; Kame-yama, 118, 128; export ware not characteristic, 120–122, 132; modern "grains-of-rice," 419.
 * Kaga: Ao-Kutani, 237–239; Ko-Kutani, 239–241; composition, 241–244; Wakasugi, 246, 257; Hachiroe, 249, 251; modern, 253, 421.
 * Kyōtō: beginnings, 210; blue-and-white, 212; Mokubei's, 215; Shūhei's, 216; Zengoro's, 220, 223, 224; Seifu family, 226, 417; Yosobei's, 227; modern conditions, 233, 417; composition, 233.
 * Mino: beginnings, 302; blue-and-white egg-shell, 303; decoration over the glaze, 303, 304; domestic, 304; Gosuke's decoration, 304; high-relief modelled, 305.
 * Owari: beginnings of blue-and-white, 282–286; composition, 287, 288, 290; variable character and other difficulties, 288–290; characteristics, 292–294, 297; marks, 292; modern conditions, 292, 296; over-the-glaze decoration, 294–297; cloisonné decoration, 298; modern egg-shell, 420.
 * Miscellaneous: Satsuma, 154–156; Chikuzen, 320; Higo, 325; Izumo, 340; Iwami, 340; Iyo, 343; Nagato, 346; Awaji, 353; Kotō, 371; Himeji, 372; Meppō, 378; Sanda, 380; Yedo, 388, 418; Koishikawa, 394; Aizu, 394, 395; Ota, 406, 416, 418. See also Faience, Keramics.
 * Potter's wheel, earliest use, 2, 9; form, 68, 160.
 * Pottery. See Keramics.
 *
 * of the dolmen builders, 4.
 * Rai, daughter of Mokubei, potter, 216.
 * Rakō. See Jimbei.
 * Raku ware and potters, 32–38; historical importance, 38; easy manufacture, 385; Yedo mosaics and figures, 386; Kishi, 397.
 * Rakuzan ware, 336.
 * Rekkō, chief of Mito, his ware, 406.
 * Rengetsu ware, 231.
 * Riemon, Higuchi, potter, 108.
 * Rihei, Kita, potter, 342.
 * Rikei. See Kōraizaemon.
 * Rikiu-Shigaraki ware, 369.
 * Rinzo, Soejima, potter, 116.
 * Risaburo, Soejima, potter, 116; founds the Seisei-sha, 116.
 * Risampei. See Kanagai.
 * Riuzan. See Yamamoto Tatsunosuke.


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 the way through the gloomy type of forest. All day long we never saw the sky once.

The earlier part of the day we were steadily going up hill, here and there making a small descent, and then up again, until we came on to what was apparently a long ridge, for on either side of us we could look down into deep, dark, ravine-like valleys. Twice or thrice we descended into these to cross them, finding at their bottom a small or large swamp with a river running through its midst. Those rivers all went to Lake Ayzingo.

We had to hurry because Kiva, who was the only one among us who had been to Efoua, said that unless we did we should not reach Efoua that night. I said, "Why not stay for bush?" not having contracted any love for a night in a Fan town by the experience of M'fetta; moreover the Fans were not sure that after all the whole party of us might not spend the evening at Efoua, when we did get there, simmering in its cooking-pots.

Ngouta, I may remark, had no doubt on the subject at all, and regretted having left Mrs. N. keenly, and the Andande store sincerely. But these Fans are a fine sporting tribe, and allowed they would risk it; besides, they were almost certain they had friends at Efoua; and, in addition, they showed me trees scratched in a way that was magnification of the condition of my own cat's pet table leg at home, demonstrating leopards in the vicinity. I kept going, as it was my only chance, because I found I stiffened if I sat down, and they always carefully told me the direction to go in when they sat down; with their superior pace they soon caught me up, and then passed me, leaving me and Ngouta and sometimes Singlet and Pagan behind, we, in our turn, overtaking them, with this difference that they were sitting down when we did so.

About five o'clock I was off ahead and noticed a path which I had been told I should meet with, and, when met with, I must follow. The path was slightly indistinct, but by keeping my eye on it I could see it. Presently I came to a place where it went out, but appeared again on the other side of a clump of underbush fairly distinctly. I made a short cut for it and the next news was I was in a heap, on a lot of spikes,


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 standing what it is that I wish you to do. These are the lines of Torres Vedras. You will perceive that they cover a vast space, and you will realize that the English can only hold a position here and there. Once through the lines you have twenty-five miles of open country which lie between them and Lisbon. It is very important to me to learn how Wellington's troops are distributed throughout that space, and it is my wish that you should go and ascertain.”

His words turned me cold.

“Sir” said I, “it is impossible that a colonel of light cavalry should condescend to act as a spy.”

He laughed and clapped me on the shoulder.

“You would not be a Hussar if you were not a hot-head,” said he. “If you will listen you will understand that I have not asked you to act as a spy. What do you think of that horse?”

He had conducted me to the opening of his tent, and there was a Chasseur who led up and down a most admirable creature. He was a dapple grey, not very tall, a little over fifteen hands perhaps, but with the short head and splendid arch of the neck which comes with the Arab blood. His shoulders and haunches were so muscular, and yet his legs so fine, that it thrilled me with joy just to gaze upon him. A fine horse or a beautiful woman, I cannot look at them unmoved, even now when seventy winters have chilled my blood. You can think how it was in the year ’10.

“This,” said Massena, “is Voltigeur, the swiftest horse in our army. What I desire is that you should start to-night, ride round the lines upon the flank, make your way across the enemy’s rear, and return upon the other flank bringing me news of his dispositions. You will wear a uniform, and will, therefore, if captured, be safe from the death of a spy. It is probable that you will get through the lines unchallenged, for the posts are very scattered. Once through, in daylight you can outride anything which you meet, and if you keep off the roads you may escape entirely unnoticed. If you have not reported yourself by to-morrow night, I will understand that you are taken, and I will offer them Colonel Petrie in exchange.”

Ah, how my heart swelled with pride and joy as I sprang into the saddle and galloped this grand horse up and down to show the Marshal the mastery which I had of him! He was magnificent—we were both magnificent, for Massena clapped his hands and cried out in his delight. It was not I, but he, who said that a gallant beast deserves a gallant rider. Then, when for the third time, with my panache flying and my dolman streaming behind me, I thundered past him, I saw upon his hard old face that he had no longer any doubt that he had chosen the man for his purpose. I drew my sabre, raised the hilt to my lips in salute, and galloped on to my own quarters. Already the news had spread that I had been chosen for a mission, and my little rascals came swarming out of their tents to cheer me. Ah! it brings the tears to my old eyes when I think how proud they were


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 some fifteen feet or so below ground level, at the bottom of a bag-shaped game pit.

It is at these times you realise the blessing of a good thick skirt. Had I paid heed to the advice of many people in England, who ought to have known better, and did not do it themselves, and adopted masculine garments, I should have been spiked to the bone, and done for. Whereas, save for a good many bruises, here I was with the fulness of my skirt tucked under me, sitting on nine ebony spikes some twelve inches long, in comparative comfort, howling lustily to be hauled out. The Duke came along first, and looked down at me. I said, "Get a bush-rope, and haul me out." He grunted and sat down on a log. The Passenger came next, and he looked down. "You kill?" says he. "Not much," say I; "get a bush-rope and haul me out." "No fit," says he, and sat down on the log. Presently, however, Kiva and Wiki came up, and Wiki went and selected the one and only bush-rope suitable to haul an English lady, of my exact complexion, age, and size, out of that one particular pit. They seemed rare round there from the time he took; and I was just casting about in my mind as to what method would be best to employ in getting up the smooth, yellow, sandy-clay, incurved walls, when he arrived with it, and I was out in a twinkling, and very much ashamed of myself, until Silence, who was then leading, disappeared through the path before us with a despairing yell. Each man then pulled the skin cover off his gun lock, carefully looked to see if things there were all right and ready loosened his knife in its snake-skin sheath; and then we set about hauling poor Silence out, binding him up where necessary with cool green leaves; for he, not having a skirt, had got a good deal frayed at the edges on those spikes. Then we closed up, for the Fans said these pits were symptomatic of the immediate neighbourhood of Efoua. We sounded our ground, as we went into a thick plantain patch, through which we could see a great clearing in the forest, and the low huts of a big town. We charged into it, going right through the guard-house gateway, at one end, in single file, as its narrowness obliged us, and into the street-shaped town, and formed ourselves into as imposing a looking party as possible


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 in the centre of the street. The Efouerians regarded us with much amazement, and the women and children cleared off into the huts, and took stock of us through the door-holes. There were but few men in the town, the majority, we subsequently learnt, being away after elephants. But there were quite sufficient left to make a crowd in a ring round us. Fortunately Wiki and Kiva's friends were present, and we were soon in another word—fog, but not so bad a one as that at M'fetta; indeed Efoua struck me, from the first, favourably; it was, for one thing, much cleaner than most Fan towns I have been in.

As a result of the confabulation, one of the chiefs had his house cleared out for me. It consisted of two apartments almost bare of everything save a pile of boxes, and a small fire on the floor, some little bags hanging from the roof poles, and a general supply of insects. The inner room contained nothing save a hard plank, raised on four short pegs from the earth floor.

I shook hands with and thanked the chief, and directed that all the loads should be placed inside the huts. I must admit my good friend was a villainous-looking savage, but he behaved most hospitably and kindly. From what I had heard of the Fan, I deemed it advisable not to make any present to him at once, but to base my claim on him on the right of an amicable stranger to hospitality. When I had seen all the baggage stowed I went outside and sat at the doorway on a rather rickety mushroom-shaped stool in the cool evening air, waiting for my tea which I wanted bitterly. Pagan came up as usual for tobacco to buy chop with; and after giving it to him, I and the two chiefs, with Gray Shirt acting as interpreter, had a long chat. Of course the first question was, Why was I there?

I told them I was on my way to the factory of H. and C. on the Rembwé. They said they had heard of "Ugumu," i.e., Messrs Hatton and Cookson, but they did not trade direct with them, passing their trade into towns nearer to the Rembwé, which were swindling bad towns, they said; and they got the idea stuck in their heads that I was a trader, a sort of bagman for the firm, and Gray Shirt could not get this idea out, so off one of their majesties went and returned with


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186 youngest, however, is superior to them all in merit. Diti had one son called And the illustrious  had five sons, all famous throughout the worlds. The eldest of them all was Prahradha, the next was Sanghradha; the third was Anuhrada; and after him were Shivi and Vashkala. And, O Bharata, it is known everywhere that Prahrada had three sons. They were Virochana, Kumva, and Nikumva. And unto Virochana was born a son, Vali, of great prowess. And the son of Vali is known to be the great Asura Vana. And blessed with good fortune Vana was a follower of Rudra, (Siva) and was known also by the name of Mahakala. And Danu had forty sons, O Bharata! The eldest of them all was king of great fame. Shamvara and Namuchi, and Puloma; Ashiloma, and Keshi, and Durjaya; Ayashira, and the powerful  also  and Vegavana, and he called Ketumana; Swarvanu, Aswa,  Vrishaparva, and then Ajaka; and  and Sukshma, and Tuhundu of great strength; Ekapada, and Ekachakra, Virupaksha, Mahodara; and Nichandra, and Nikumva, Kupata, and then Kapata; Sarava, and Salava, Surya, and then Chandrama; these in the race of Danu are stated to be well-known. The Surya and Chandrama (the Sun and the Moon) of the celestials are other persons, and not the sons of Danu as mentioned above. The following ten gifted with great strength and vigour were also, O king, born in the race of Danu:—Ekaksha, Amritapa of heroic courage, Pralamva and Naraka; Vatapi, and  the great Asura; Gavishta, and Vanayu, and the Danava called Dirghajihva. And, O Bharata, the sons and the grand-sons of these were known to be countless. And Singhika gave birth to Rahu the persecutor of the Sun and the Moon; to three others, Suchandra, and  And the countless progeny of Krura (Krodha) were as much crooked and wicked as herself. And the tribe was wrathful, of crooked deeds, and persecutors of their foes. And Danayu also had four sons who were bulls among the Asuras. They were Vikshara, Vala, Vira, and Vritra the great Asura. And the sons of Kalā were all like Kala (Yama) himself and smiters of all


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 twenty-five balls of rubber, which I bought to promote good feeling, subsequently dashing them to Wiki, who passed them in at Ndorko when we got there. I also bought some elephant-hair necklaces from one of the chiefs' wives, by exchanging my red silk tie with her for them, and one or two other things. I saw fish-hooks would not be of much value because Efoua was not near a big water of any sort; so I held fish-hooks and traded handkerchiefs and knives.

One old chief was exceedingly keen to do business, and I bought a meat spoon, a plantain spoon, and a gravy spoon off him; and then he brought me a lot of rubbish I did not want, and I said so, and announced I had finished trade for that night. However the old gentleman was not to be put off, and after an unsuccessful attempt to sell me his cooking-pots, which were roughly made out of clay, he made energetic signs to me that if I would wait he had got something that he would dispose of which Gray Shirt said was "good too much." Off he went across the street, and disappeared into his hut, where he evidently had a thorough hunt for the precious article. One box after another was brought out to the light of a bush torch held by one of his wives, and there was a great confabulation between him and his family of the "I'm sure you had it last," "You must have moved it," "Never touched the thing," sort. At last it was found, and he brought it across the street to me most carefully. It was a bundle of bark cloth tied round something most carefully with tie tie. This being removed, disclosed a layer of rag, which was unwound from round a central article. Whatever can this be? thinks I; some rare and valuable object doubtless, let's hope connected with Fetish worship, and I anxiously watched its unpacking; in the end, however, it disclosed, to my disgust and rage, an old shilling razor. The way the old chief held it out, and the amount of dollars he asked for it, was enough to make any one believe that I was in such urgent need of the thing, that I was at his mercy regarding price. I waved it off with a haughty scorn, and then feeling smitten by the expression of agonised bewilderment on his face, I dashed him a belt that delighted him, and went inside and had tea to soothe my outraged feelings.


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Beginning New Year’s night, at the gospel tent on Sixth avenue, East End car line, with services held at 2 p. m. and 7:30 p. m., daily, the meetings have been a great success from the first service. The prominent figure in the meeting is Mrs. M. B. Woodworth-Etter of Indianapolis, Ind., with thirty-five years’ evangelistic experience. Thousands are reported to have received healings from the Lord through her ministry. Some fifteen or twenty persons have already testified to having been healed at this meeting, of diseases, varying from neuralgia to Bright’s disease and cancer. The tent is filled nightly with respectful and attentive audiences from the city and from out of town, to a distance of three hundred miles and less.

Among the number of persons prayed for, with the laying on of hands, was a daughter of a prominent physician and surgeon from northwest Alabama. She was unable to walk on account of a stiffened knee, from rheumatism, after medical skill had been exhausted, her father testifying to her condition. Mrs. Etter is one of the most level headed, matter of fact, discreet and courageous women. Nothing is said or done by her which reflects unfavorably on other denominations or upon the physicians.

Truly the Lord is good and his mercy endureth forever. He is blessing us here in a marvelous way. While we are just beginning the meeting, yet the power of God is so manifest that

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Rh foes. And they were of great fame, of great energy and oppressors of all foes. And the sons of Kala were Vinashana; and Krodha, and then, and. And there were many others among the sons of Kala. And Sukra the son of a Rishi was the chief priest of the Asuras. And the celebrated Sukra had four sons who were priests of the Asuras. And they were Tashtadhara and Atri and two others, Radura and Karmi. They were like the Sun himself in energy, and devoted to Brahma and the welfare of the worlds.

"Thus hath been recited by me, as heard in the Purana, the progeny of the gods and the Asuras both of great strength and energy. I am incapable, O king, of counting the descendants of these, countless as they are and not much known to fame.

"And the sons of Vinata were Tarkhya,, and then Gadura and Aruna, Aruni, and Varuni. And Shesha, Anata, Vasuki, Takshaka, Kurma, and Kulika, are known to be the sons of Kadru; and , , Suparna, Varuna, Gopati, and , and the seventh; Satyavak, Arkaparna, Prayuta, Bhima, and Chitraratha known to fame, of great learning, and the controller of his passions, and then Shalishira, and, O king, Parjannya, the fourteenth in the list; Kali, the fifteenth, and Narada, the sixteenth; these Devas and Gandharvas are known to be the sons of Muni ( daughter as mentioned before.) I shall recount many others, O Bharata! Anavadya, Manu, Vansa Asurā, , Anupa, Suvaga, Vasi, were the daughters brought forth by Pradha. Sidha, and Purna, and Varhi, and Purnayu of great game; Brahmachari, Ratiguna, and Suparna who was the seventh; Viswavasu, Vann, and Shuchandra who was the tenth, were also the sons of Pradha; and they were gods some of them and some Gandharvas. And it is also known that this Pradha of great good fortune by the celestial Rishi (Kasyapa her husband) brought forth the sacred race of the Apsaras. Alamvusa,, , , Aruna, Rakshita, Ramva, Monorama, Keshini, Suvahu, Surarta, Suraja, Supria, were the daughters, and Ativahu, and the


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 The chiefs made furious raids on the mob of spectators who pressed round the door, and stood with their eyes glued to every crack in the bark of which the hut was made. The next door neighbours on either side might have amassed a comfortable competence for their old age, by letting out seats for the circus. Every hole in the side walls had a human eye in it, and I heard new holes being bored in all directions; so I deeply fear the chief, my host, must have found his palace sadly draughty. I felt perfectly safe and content, however, although Ngouta suggested the charming idea that "P'r'aps them M'fetta Fan done sell we." The only grave question I had to face was whether I should take off my boots or not; they were wet through, from wading swamps, &c., and my feet were very sore; but on the other hand, if I took those boots off, I felt confident that I should not be able to get them on again next morning, so I decided to lef 'em.

As soon as all my men had come in, and established themselves in the inner room for the night, I curled up among the boxes, with my head on the tobacco sack, and dozed.

After about half an hour I heard a row in the street, and looking out, for I recognised his grace's voice taking a solo part followed by choruses, I found him in legal difficulties about a murder case. An alibi was proved for the time being; that is to say the prosecution could not bring up witnesses because of the elephant hunt; and I went in for another doze, and the town at last grew quiet. Waking up again I noticed the smell in the hut was violent, from being shut up I suppose, and it had an unmistakably organic origin. Knocking the ash end off the smouldering bush-light that lay burning on the floor, I investigated, and tracked it to those bags, so I took down the biggest one, and carefully noted exactly how the tie tie had been put round its mouth; for these things are important and often mean a lot. I then shook its contents out in my hat, for fear of losing anything of value. They were a human hand, three big toes, four eyes, two ears, and other portions of the human frame. The hand was fresh, the others only so so, and shrivelled.

Replacing them I tied the bag up, and hung it up again. I subsequently learnt that although the Fans will eat their