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 escences of the Archangels. He never misses these reunions. If God is omnipresent by a calm necessity, Satan is everywhere by an infinite activity. They engage in unending metaphysical differences into which Satan has imported a tone of friendly badinage. They play chess together.

But the chess they play is not the little ingenious game that originated in India; it is on an altogether different scale. The Ruler of the Universe creates the board, the pieces, and the rules; he makes all the moves; he may make as many moves as he likes whenever he likes; his antagonist, however, is permitted to introduce a slight inexplicable inaccuracy into each move, which necessitates further moves in correction. The Creator determines and conceals the aim of the game, and it is never clear whether the purpose of the adversary is to defeat or assist him in his unfathomable project. Apparently the adversary cannot win, but also he cannot lose so long as he can keep the game going. But he is concerned, it would seem, in preventing the development of any reasoned scheme in the game.

Celestial badinage is at once too high and broad to come readily within the compass of earthly print and understanding. The Satanic element of unexpectedness can fill the whole sphere of Being with laughter; thrills begotten of those vast reverberations startle our poor wits at the strangest moments. It is the humour of Satan to thrust upon the Master his


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 18

though purse-proud and vulgar, had a good heart.

“Hem!” said Mrs. Smith, dubiously. “But, as you say so, we‘ll have her.”

“Yes! my dear," retorted Mr. Smith, assuming a grand air, “we’ll have her. It won’t dot to drop all our old acquaintances, or people will say we’re stuck up, you know.”

Lucy and her mother received, accordingly, a few days after, an engravad card, as follows:

ﬁr. Ins ﬁrs. ﬂugustus Smith's

COMPUMESTB

For Thursday evening. January the 21st,

343 Sandstone Street.

This card was enclosed in a white envelope, stamped with the Smith arms, and was left at the door by a footman in livery.

The Darcies belonged to what is called “an old family.” One Darcie had been governor, in the colony days. Another had fallen at Princeton, at the head of his regiment. The father of Lucy, the last of his line, had been a brilliant young lawyer, but had died early, and had left behind little but his patrimonial estate, which, though greatly reduced from what it had been in former generations, consisted still, as the Darcies reﬂected with pride, of properties that had been in the family for a hundred and ﬁfty years. Lucy, who remembered their narrow means, and knew that accepting the invitation would involve the purchase of an evening dress, would haves sent a regret, but Mrs. Darcie, who wished to see her daughter’s beauty and accomplishments appreciated, over-ruled her.

The dress was bought, and made up—we are not ashamed to say—principally by the nimble and tasteful ﬁngers of Lucy herself. It was a simple white cambric, prettily trimmed; and when Lucy came down, on the evening of the party, she looked like a fresh rose-bud, on the brightest June morning of all the year. Wei think the birds would have sung if they hadi been there to see her. We happen to know that the obsequious African, who let her and her mother in, saying, “ladies second story front, gemmen second story back,” opened his big, yellow eyes with admiring amazement, and announced afterward in the kitchen, “dat do most ’scratic and beautiful young lady dare, was Miss Darcie, deed she was.” And afterward, when Lucy and her mother descended to the parlors, the three bashful bachelors, who stood in the doorway, afraid to go further, were thrown into such a ﬂutter of excitement, that they did not get over it for the whole evening, but followed Lucy with their eyes wherever she went.

Mrs. Smith was delighted, so she said, to see “dear Mrs. Darcie and her sweet daughter.” Mr. Smith twirled his watch-keys and was quite patronizing. He would mention to them, he said, some of the company. This was Count. Swindleskenski, a Polish exile: “Very high bred, indeed; but not a bit proud: had come quite early, as if an old friend: Amelia Ann,” this was the eldest daughter of the Smiths, “had entertained him, for an hour, with music

COUKI' mlDLlSKlNSXl LTD MISS SHIT!!

and singing, before the rest of the company arrived.” That was young Mr. Poultney, of the Poultney Manor family, very high people, “quite a catch for any young lady, even the richest." Lucy thought, looking at the frank, handsome face, that Mr. Poultney, in other re-


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 . prets also, might makes woman happy. ‘hat }

clerk for a partner, or even the son of some rich was Mr. Bullion, ‘a litile old to be sure, but} tailor.” (The grandfather of one of these speak- worth « cot million and a hal” Lucy shrank § ore had been a hair-dresser, and the father of the Irom the wigged and padded old ogre, who lecred { other # boot-maker.) a every pretty face. “It’s not every man could? “For my part,” said the remaining member get them three together at one and the same {of the group, “I wouldn’t let mine come. I'm party,” concluded Mr. Smith, out of breath with { astonished, too, to see you both dressed, as if his exertions in talking; and be mopped his ; the party was given by one of us. I’ve got onan. bald bead, that shone like a pecled onion. {old dinner dress, that I wore at Newport, as you “And that,” be resumed, ‘is Mr. nooks, the see; and ita quite good enough for the company. 4 To tell the truth, I shouldn't be here myself, {but T want to see what sort of « supper they’ Yeet out. We must make an early move, or wo Uthan't get good places; for most of the mob {here look as if they didn’t often taste terrapin {and champagne.” At this point, the speaker espied Mr. Poultney und rushed away to make a prize of him. «Everybody knows Mrs. Plump's weakness,” {anid one of her friends, aareastically, “and sho hag evidently prepared herself for a feed. She'll die, some day, of apoplexy. But, dear me, there’s Bullion asking to be introduced to Clotilde. I }do hopo the dear child hasn't engaged herself for the next set to any foolish young man.” And {she roso, in a fluiter, to lend her matornal skill [in landing the trout her daughter had hooked.

poet, author of ‘The Bleeding Heart’ and other poems. I don’t read poetry myself, but genius ought to be encouraged: the merchant princes } of Iisly, you know, patronized it always.” And< t he gave s fins] flourish of the hand, pointing to { a sentimental-looking gentleman, who was leun- ing against a pedestal, and gazing up at a por- trait of Byron. Luey bad never heard of “The Bleeding Heart,” nor indeed had anybody oe

g

{ wm : |

3

except Mr. Snooks’ acquaintances and certain trunk-makera; but she was quite awed by this § imposing preseuce.

Lucy was now left, for a few moments, to her self. Near her were somo ladies, who considered themselves the quintessence of good society. } They shrugged their shouldera and began wo ‘Tx MILLZONATaR 18 ExTEODVCED, whisper, {My dear,” suid Luoy’s mother, ‘the son of

“How odiously vulgar!" enid one. “But a of the oldest friends of your father wishes

i }

tan make a set by ourselves, that’s one comfort.” } to become acquainted with you. Mr, Poultney, “ve told my girls that they must be very | my daughter: Lucy, Mr. Poultney.”

careful who they dance with,” remarked an-} Mr, Poultney and Luoy were soon in animated

other: “‘these upstarts aro such pushing people. § conversation.

Imagine Arabella, or Clotilde, having a common} «Do you see the two distinguished foreigners

�


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 only the more "literary" types of poetic composition claim his attention, but also such things as the old ballads, folk-plays and the saints' legends. The great Elizabethan outburst of literature fascinated him, and Shakespeare is mentioned in nearly every novel. With Milton he was, of course, familiar, and, among a host of other well-known figures that appear in his pages, he singled Defoe out for his especial admiration. Of the leaders of the great Romantic movement of the early Nineteenth Century he was particularly fond of Shelley, Coleridge, and Keats; and Wordsworth stimulated his interest, if not always his approval. Tennyson and Browning came in chiefly for criticism of their "optimism," Rosetti for his typically Pre-Raphaelitish absurdities of expression. Of American writers he mentioned Poe and Whitman. Although Hardy, as a writer, was singularly independent of "literary influences," echoes of Shakespeare, Milton (especially in The Dynasts), and Shelley can sometimes be heard in his poems, and his enthusiasm for the matter-of-fact but vivid and individual prose style, and the fearless realism of Defoe was undoubtedly responsible in large measure for those qualities as they are found in his fiction.

The modern literary world is presented from the amateur writer's standpoint in most interesting fashion in the discussion of Elfride's Gothic Romance: The Court of Kellyon Castle, and of Ethelberta's publication of her efforts in the writing of vers de societé, a book "teeming with ideas bright as mirrors and just as unsubstantial . . . to justify the ways of girls to men."

Hardy had very little to say directly of his opinions on


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iv But in just this cireumstance lies the great value of the work. William Maclay wrote every evening of events which took place during the day. He wrote while lis ‘mind was yet heated with the fierce debates in the Senate, and while the scenes were yet fresh in hie memory, thus transmitting on paper pictures of historical events which are wonderfully vivid. Great care, therefore, has been taken to give the present publication word for word from the original manuseript, even to the spelling of proper names: Ellsworth being spelled with one “I,” Read as Reed, Beckley,-Clerk of the House of Representatives, as Buckley, and Oarroll as Carrol.

William Maclay, like many of those who were actively engaged in the Revolution, was of .Seoteh descent, his father, Charles Maclay, having sailed for America in 17384. The brothers of William Maclay were also active in the movements which led to the overthrow of British supremacy in America ; his brother, the Hon. John Maclay, being a member of that conference held in “Carpenters’ Hall” whieh declared that “they, in behalf of the people of Pennsylvania, were willing to coneur in a vote of Congress declaring the United Colonies free and independent States.” John Maclay also served three terms in the Pennsylvania Legislature, 1790, 1792, and 1794. An- other brother of William Maclay, the Hon, Samnel Maclay, was chosen Speaker of the Pennsylvania State Senate, of which body be was a member from 1797 to 1802, and resigned in 1802 in order to serve in the United States Senate, where he represented Pennsylvania from 1802 to 1809.

William Maclay was born on the 20th of July, 1737, in New Garden Township, Pennsylvania, and was educated in the classical schoo] of the Rev. John Blair. He studied law, and admitted to practice at the York County bar, April 28, 1760. At the close of the French and Indian War he visited England and had an interview with Thomas Penn, one of the


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Rh proprietaries, relative to the surveys in the middle and northern parts of the province, In 1772 he laid out the town of Sunbury, and erected for himself a stone house, which was standing a few years since. He acted as the representative of the Penn family, and took a prominent part in the so-called Pennamite war. At the outset of the Revolution, although an officer of the proprietary Government, he took an active part in favor of independence, during which struggle he held the position of assistant commissary. In 1781 he was elected to the Assembly of Pennsylvania, and from that time filled the offices of member of, the Supreme Executive Council, Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, deputy surveyor, and was one of the commissioners for carrying into effect the laws respecting the navigation of the Susquehanna. In January, 1789, he was elected to the United States Senate. The question as to who should hold the long term of office was decided by lot—William Maclay drawing the short term, while Robert Morris, his colleague, drew the long term.

William Maclay began to differ with the Federalists very early in the session. He did not approve of the state ceremony attendant upon the intercourse of the President with Congress; he flatly objected to the presence of the President in the Senate while business was being transacted; and boldly spoke against his policy in the immediate presence of President Washington. He was one of the foremost in opposing the chartering of the United States Bank, even at the sacrifice of personal popularity, for the stfong Democratic position he took and the stubbornness with which he maintained it in the face of overwhelming pressure cost him his re-election, he being succeeded by an ardent Federalist.

So pronomeed were the Demoeratic views of William Maclay, and so boldly and ably did he maintain his position in the face of the opposition, that the question


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 20

TWO OTHER DISTINGUISHED FOREIGNERS.

yonder!" he whispered. “If I am not mistaken, one of them kept a barber's shop imissn New York, and shaved me there, not a year ago. I Wonder where Mr. Smith picked them up."

“But are you sure” asked Lucy, in innocent surprise. “Mr. Smith himself told me that they were friends of the count."

“The count,” said he, “is no more a Pole than I am. I spoke to him in Polish, and he answered in the vilest French, with a Milesian accent.”

They were still laughing heartily at this, when Mrs. Smith approached.

“My dear Mr. Poultney," she said, “I fear you ﬁnd it dull. Pray, let me see you enjoying yourself. Dear Amelia Ann has not yet had the honor of being presented to you." So saying, she dragged him off.

The dancing now waxed hot and furious. To cotillions succeeded waltzes; to waltzes the grand

DO YOU POLK?

polka. Lucy neither waltzed, nor polked, but she looked on amused. The three distinguished foreigners shone brilliantly in the grand polka. The count especially astonished everybody by


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vi can well be raised if he, rather than Thomas Jefferson, was not the true founder of the Democratic party. It is well known that on the organization of the “new Government,” as it was then called, April, 1789, Thomas Jefferson was in France, where he had resided since 1784, and that he did not arrive in New York, then the seat of government, until March, 1790, some eleven months after the Federal machine had been in operation. And it was some time after he took his place as Secretary of State that his influence and ability as a leader of men were felt among the elements composing the Democratic party. It was during these first months of the new Government’s life that questions seriously affecting its character, whether to be monarchical or republican in its forms, were fiercely debated and decided. It was then that the foundations of the great Democracy were laid ; the super-structure erected by Thomas Jefferson being in conformity with the precedents then and there irrevocably established.

Who, then, was the leader of the opposition to this strong monarchical tendency? The records of the First Congress, unfortunately, are fragmentary and meager, so that little has been known of the stirring debates that took place at that time. The journal of William Maclay, however, throws a flood of light on this period, and establishes beyond cavil the claims of Pennsylvania to having produced the father of the Democratic party in the person of William Maclay.

For a hundred years this valuable journal has been jealously guarded from public scrutiny by the descendants of the statesman. Portions of it were privately printed in 1880, and a limited edition distributed among the members and friends of the family. Many passages, however, were suppressed, as being too caustic in their strictures on eminent personages whom we are accustomed to regard with the highest veneration, This, however, in a great measure, destroyed the ceom-


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 the art of poetry itself, but the little that he did say is of the utmost significance. In the first place, he took pains to combat the popular notion of the poet and the poet's life. For instance, when Christopher Julian's simple-minded sister, Faith, is asked if Ethelberta is really a poetess, she replies, "That I cannot say. She is very clever at verses; but she don’t lean over gates to see the sun, and goes to church as regular as you or I, so I should hardly be inclined to say that she's the complete thing. . . ." One may notice also the following bit of burlesque dialogue in The Hand of Ethelberta, in which the same fallacious views of the practice of poetry are ridiculed with rather broad satirical strokes:

After a pause Neigh remarked half-privately to their host, who was his uncle: "Your butler Chickerel is a very intelligent man, as I have heard."

"Yes, he does very well," said Mr. Doncastle.

"But is he not a—very extraordinary man?"

"Not to my knowledge, " said Doncastle, looking up surprised. "Why do you think that, Alfred?"

"Well, perhaps it was not a matter to mention. He reads a great deal, I dare say?"

"I don’t think so. "

"I noticed how wonderfully his face kindled when we began talking about the poems during dinner. Perhaps he is a poet himself in disguise. Did you observe it?"

"No. To the best of my belief he is a very trustworthy and honorable man. He has been with us—let me see, how long?—five months, I think, and he was fifteen years in his last place. It certainly is a new side to his character if he publicly showed any interest in the conversation, whatever he may have felt."

"Since the matter has been mentioned," said Mr. Jones, "I may say that I too noticed the singularity of it."


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--EncycloPetey (talk) 15:41, 1 December 2023 (UTC)

title: User talk:LavaLampBamboo


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Rh plexion of the context and the value of the work. But, now that an unreserved publication is called for in the interest of history, it will be seen that William Maclay was foremost in the opposition to these extreme monarchical views of the Federalists, and that in combating and subverting their aspirations he laid the foundation of the Democratic party.

On his retirement from the Senate, William Maclay resided on his farm, adjoining Harrisburg, where he erected a stone mansion. In the year 1795 he was elected a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives, and was again elected in 1803. He was a presidential elector in 1796, and from 1801 to 1803 officiated as one of the Associate Judges of Dauphin County. He died on the 16th of April, 1804, in Harrisburg, and is buried in Paxtang churchyard.

He was @ man of the strictest integrity, positive opinions, keen insight into the underlying motives of men, and with indomitable perseverance and tenacity of purpose in carrying out views once formed. In personal appearance he was six feet and three inches in height, light complexion, while his hair, in middle age, appears to have been brown, and was tied behind or “clubbed.” Mr. Harris, of Harrisburg, narrates that he “well remembered, when a young collegian, during the summer vacation he used to watch Mr. Maclay wearing a suit of white flannel, with Iace ruffles, walking up and down the river-bank in Maclayville—as it was then called—and he thought he had never seen such a dignified, majestic old gentleman: while,” he added, “I was always half afraid of him—he seemed to awe me into insignificance.”

, August, 1890.


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 "If you had not said otherwise," replied Doncastle somewhat warmly, "I should have asserted him to be the last man-servant in London to infringe such an elementary rule. If he did so this evening, it is certainly for the first time, and I sincerely hoped that no annoyance was caused—"

"O no, no—not at all—it might have been a mistake of mine," said Jones. "I should quite have forgotten the circumstances if Mr. Neigh's words had not brought it to my mind. It was really nothing to notice, and I beg that you will not say a word to him on my account."

Application of the qualities discovered in a poet's writing to the character of the poet himself is a process of reasoning that Hardy often characterized as fallacious. Sue tells Jude that "some of the most passionately erotic poets have been the most self-contained in their daily lives." There are evidences, on the other hand, that he did not think very highly of emotional poetry produced by phlegmatic temperaments. Thus Ethelberta begins as a poet of a rather sweetened Satanic school, but as experiences accumulate, she begins to wonder if her early notes "had the genuine ring in them, or whether a poet who could be thrust by realities to a distance beyond recognition as such was a true poet at all." The author goes on to hint that the distorted Benthamism with which she justifies her subsequent course may be, ethically considered, superior to her original playful Romanticism. One may here call to mind the complete absence of the typical Romantic emotionalism from Hardy's own lyrics, from even his avowed "love-lyrics." No one can possibly consider him a "passionately erotic" poet, and very few would go so far as defi-


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 nitely to call his verse "emotional," if by that term is meant the unpremeditated overflow of feeling, untinctured by reason. Romantic love is conspicuously absent from the scheme of The Dynasts, and when it is treated in the lyrics, there is nearly always running through it that kind of matured and disillusioned insight that finds its classic expression in Schopenhauer's Metaphysics of the Love of the Sexes. Of course, this does not mean that emotion is absent—the poet shows unmistakably that he feels, but he cannot help showing at the same time that he knows the "whence" and the "wherefore" of his feeling. This may help one to understand Springrove's statement that the writing of emotional verses was a stage that some types of young men must pass through, as they pass through the stage of shaving for a beard.

Besides his opposition to sentimentalism in modern poetry, Hardy sometimes expressed a total lack of appreciation of the production of beautiful sounds in poetry for their own sake. The sense, the idea of a composition was to him the main consideration, and was not to be subordinated to the texture of the material with which it was presented. The form should always suit the matter; therefore a poet must be a master of the technique of his craft; but his technical dexterity should never be permitted to detract the reader's attention from the things he really wants to say; if he has nothing to say, he should not manufacture beautiful sounds in order to say it. Thus we find him writing, four years after the first Poems and Ballads of Swinburne had started a cult of sound for sound's sake, "The conversation was naturally at first of a nervous, tentative kind, in which, as in


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 the works of some minor poets, the sense was considerably led by the sound." The same opinion was expressed somewhat later in An Imaginative Woman, in which the poetic activities described as belonging to Robert Trewe might be considered as rather faithful reflections of the author's:

Hardy's description of other aspects of the poetry of the fictitious Robert Trewe opens the general question of the relationship between poetry and life, and brings one again to the scarred battlefields where the opposing armies of realism and romanticism have fought many a fight:

Hardy's own opinion in the matter is perhaps more directly and forcibly expressed in Tess, when, in dealing with the miserable and undeserved lot of the children of the shiftless Durbeyfields in being born into the world in such circumstances as theirs, he remarks, with a quite perceptible sneer, "some people would like to know


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 whence the poet whose philosophy is in these days deemed as profound and trustworthy as his verse is tonic and breezy gets his authority for speaking of 'Nature's holy plan.

As a sincere disciple of realism Hardy aimed always to give "a fairly true picture, at first hand, of the personages, ways, and customs" of the characters he created. This picture of humanity as it really is he framed in a nature-setting that was the result of the closest and sharpest observation, refined and interpreted by the deepest possible insight. But he was not merely a realistic photographer of scenes and impressions. His essentially romantic insight often enabled him to pierce through the surface of the material things and invest them with a personality that is often more striking and more vividly presented than the human agents. Egdon Heath is of course the supreme example of this, but to the discerning reader the rural fragrance of Under the Greenwood Tree, the cliff and the storm in A Pair of Blue Eyes, the lonely observatory surrounded by the eversighing pines in Two on a Tower, and the ancient Roman amphitheatre in The Mayor of Casterbridge, are dramatis personæ whose distinctive qualities linger in the mind long after many of the human characters have faded out of memory. If the essential Romantic is, in the words of Lawrence Gilman, "he, who, piercing the illusory veil of material fact, reveals to us, through symbol and imagery, the enduring soul of wonder and enchantment which inhabits the world," then Hardy is, at least in his treatment of the external world, an essential Romantic.

His greatness as a novelist is probably due, however,


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 to his recognized insight into the workings of the human heart. That he possessed no mean power of psychological analysis of motives is shown by many a passage in his very first novels. Sometimes his expression of a quite common and simple observation could be altogether delightful in its simplicity, as when

More subtle analysis is seen in the following:

Despite his constant and consistent aim at truth to life, he departed, at the outset of his career, from the rock-bound principles of the stricter Naturalists, in his advocation of the principles of the necessary selection and artistic ordering of the facts of life as observed, in order to reproduce, as the resultant effect, the writer's personal interpretation of the ultimate significance, or non-significance, of things in general. Thus we find him in full accord with the most famous novelist of the English Romanticists in the motto he prefixed to Desperate Remedies:


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 .

the rigor of his dancing. The chandelier pendents jingled in tune, as he stamped up and down the room, or whirled Miss Smith frantically around.

“I expect, every minute, to hear him whoop, as he would at Donnybrook fair,” said Mr. Poultney, who had again sought Lucy’s side.

When supper was announced, the guests rushed at it, more like starved wild beasts than human beings. Such a mob Lucy had never seen. Mr. Poultney, with difﬁculty, could get her through the jam, or obtain anything for her afterward. The champagne soon ran short, for

THE BUTLER BEHIND THE SCREEN.

the butler behind the screen—he had been put into knee breeches, in the true English style, for the occasion—helped himself as freely as he helped the guests.

Mrs. Plump was not the only one who achieved miracles at eating. The young gentlemen of sixteen and eighteen particularly distinguished themselves, crowding to the table, keeping off everybody else, breaking up the candy ornaments, and spilling stewed oysters and wine over the dresses of the ladies. As the viands disappeared, A Bedlam could not have noisier. the laughter been noisier. One Miss, hardly yet in her teens, who stood near; Lucy, declared that she had tasted everything§ on the table, except one of the candied oranges, and she was “waiting till Jim Jones,” so she elegantly called her cavalier, “brought her some:" and the individual in question was seen valiantly ﬁghting through the press to reach it.

“Shall we go?” said Mr. Poultney to Lucy,

MR. POULTNEY AND LUCY LEAVE.

for she looked frightened. “Let me have the honor of seeing you and Mrs. Darcie home."

So he shawled our heroine as carefully as if she had been a princess. Nor was it for the last time. Long ago, indeed, Lucy became Mrs. Livingston Poultney, and is now confessedly at “the head of society:” not the “society” of the Smiths, however, but one in which culture takes the place of ignorance, reﬁnement of vulgarity, true merit of pretence.

It was well Lucy left when she did. The great party of the Smiths was talked about,

THE COUNT THINKS IT "MANE."

tattle increased.


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 struggling manner in which my generation of common young men did its thinking. To think at all about certain questions was an act of rebellion that set one oscillating between the furtive and the defiant. People begin to find Shelley—for all his melody—noisy and ill-conditioned now because his Anarchs have vanished, yet there was a time when novel thought had to go to that tune of breaking glass. It becomes a little difficult to imagine the yeasty state of mind, the disposition to shout and say "Yah!" at constituted authority, to sustain a persistent note of provocation such as we raw youngsters displayed. I began to read with avidity such writing as Carlyle, Browning, and Heine have left for the perplexity of posterity, and not only to read and admire but to imitate. My letters to Nettie, after one or two genuinely intended displays of perfervid tenderness, broke out towards theology, sociology, and the cosmos in turgid and startling expressions. No doubt they puzzled her extremely.

I retain the keenest sympathy and something inexplicably near to envy for my own departed youth, but I should find it difficult to maintain my case against anyone who would condemn me altogether as having been a very silly, posturing, emotional hobbledehoy indeed and quite like my faded photograph. And when I try to recall what exactly must have been the quality and tenor of my more sustained efforts to write memorably to my sweetheart, I confess I shiver Yet I wish they were not all destroyed.

Her letters to me were simple enough, written in a


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title: Index:Operation Crossroads 1946.pdf


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It would naturally be the greatest possible fallacy to assume that Hardy's sympathy with the ideals of the historical romancers went very far. There is indeed a vast gulf between Quentin Durward and The Trumpet-Major. The idea of "poetic justice" and the inevitable happy ending was claimed by Hardy to be absolutely inconsistent with honesty to the facts or to the significance of life. One of his earliest bits of literary criticism was a palpable sneer at "the indiscriminate righting of everything at the end of an old play," although in the novel in which it occurs, everything turns out fairly well in the end. Realism, even though it involves the acceptance of a rather distasteful pessimism, is defended by the tranter, Reuben Dewy, who, in the discussion of Michael Mail's sometimes rather unsavory stories, remarks:

In the search after truth, Hardy maintained that no previous general conceptions of "what ought to be"


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—"So hating, I say, to make mysteries of nothing"—I intrusted it with the post-boy, as soon as ever I got off the stones; he gave a crack with his whip to balance the compliment; and with the thill-horse trotting, and a sort of an up and a down of the other, we danced it along to Ailly au clochers, famed in days of yore for the finest chimes in the world; but we danced through it without music—the chimes being greatly out of order—(as in truth they were through all France).

And so making all possible speed, from

Ailly au clochers, I got to Hixcourt,


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 roundish, unformed hand and badly phrased. Her first two or three showed a shy pleasure in the use of the word "dear," and I remember being first puzzled and then, when I understood, delighted, because she had written "Willie asthore" under my name. "Asthore," I gathered, meant "darling." But when the evidences of my fermentation began, her answers were less happy.

I will not weary you with the story of how we quarrelled in our silly youthful way, and how I went the next Sunday, all uninvited, to Checkshill, and made it worse, and how afterwards I wrote a letter that she thought was "lovely," and mended the matter. Nor will I tell of all our subsequent fluctuations of misunderstanding. Always I was the offender and the final penitent until this last trouble that was now beginning; and in between we had some tender near moments, and I loved her very greatly. There was this misfortune in the business, that in the darkness, and alone, I thought with great intensity of her, of her eyes, of her touch, of her sweet and delightful presence, but when I sat down to write I thought of Shelley and Burns and myself, and other such irrelevant matters. When one is in love in this fermenting way, it is harder to make love than it is when one does not love at all. And as for Nettie, she loved, I know, not me but those gentle mysteries. It was not my voice should rouse her dreams to passion So our letters continued to jar. Then suddenly she wrote me one doubting whether she could ever care for anyone who was a Socialist and did not believe in Church, and then hard upon it came


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 should be permitted to influence the full recognition of the facts themselves as such. Not until a view of life has actually been distilled from close observation, and fixed through insight and ratiocination, should it be employed in influencing the artistic selection, ordering, and presentation of impressions. Henry Knight comes to grief chiefly because of his failure to observe this principle:

Hardy hinted that Shakespeare himself did not follow out the principle of "poetic justice" in Romeo and Juliet and Othello. King Lear and The Return of the Native are both great poetry and they are both true to life, but they both present a view of life that is not particularly appealing to the optimistic idealist and romantic.

The novelist's criticism of the subject matter and technique of fiction is found in its most concentrated form in the articles which he contributed to various periodicals between 1888 and 1891. In them he defended his sincere search for truth, accompanied by an attentive ear for the "still sad music of humanity" that ultimately makes all writing such as his own worth while. In this latter respect his aims differed from those of Zola and other purely scientific realists.


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 from Hixcourt, I got to Pequignay, and from Pequignay, I got to ,

concerning which town I have nothing to inform you, but what I have informed you once before—and that was—that Janatone went there to school.

the whole catalogue of those whiffling vexations which come puffing across a man's canvass, there is not one of a more teasing and tormenting nature, than this particular one which I am going to describe—and for which, (unless you travel with an avance-courier, which numbers do in order to prevent it)—there is no help: and it is this.

That be you in never so kindly a propensity to sleep—tho' you are passing


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 A steady growth of self-consciousness as a literary artist seems to have taken place in Hardy, from the time of his first "disillusioned" verses onwards. Like his own "Immanent Will" he seems very gradually to have gained cognition and consciousness of the movements of which he was a part. By the late nineties he probably realized, not that he was part of a movement of scepticism and pessimism, hut that the freedom from illusion of the time was, curiously, in agreement with the sardonic point of view that he had already developed and expressed.


text: The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman/Volume 7/Chapter 15


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 perhaps through the finest country—upon the best roads,—and in the easiest carriage for doing it in the world—nay was you sure you could sleep fifty miles straight forwards, without once opening your eyes—nay what is more, was you as demonstratively satisfied as you can be of any truth in Euclid, that you should upon all accounts be full as well asleep as awake—nay perhaps better—Yet the incessant returns of paying for the horses at every stage,—with the necessity thereupon of putting your hand into your pocket, and counting out from thence, three livres fifteen sous (sous by sous) puts an end to so much of the project, that you cannot execute above six miles of it (or supposing it is a post and a half, that is but nine)—were it to save your soul from destruction.


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 22

long afterward, for the uproariousness which attended and followed the supper. It was even whispered, that, when everybody else had gone, Mr. Smith, looking into the dining-room, discovered Count Swindleskenski, far gone in iuebriety, bowling for more wine. On seeing his host, the count exclaimed, “In me counthree, they’re not so mane of their dhrink, Mr.-—Mr.—

,l,

Count Swindleskenski taught them a lesson they 2 Miss Amelia, at the supper table, his two con federates poclteted the silver spoons and forks ‘freely, and disappeared: as, indeed, he would 3 have done, if his old weakness, a love of “the dhrop," had not overcome him. But Mrs. Smith, always indefatigable, has discovered a new ex Mr. Smithey." On which the host called for the police, who discovered, in the count, a famous pick-pocket and adventurer, but lately discharged from the Penitentiary.
 * have never forgot; for while the count talked to

Mrs. Smith is still intriguing to “get into society;" and still gives grand parties for this purpose.

pedient to push her way, for she intends, this 3 winter, to invite all the dancing young men “in l society," whether she knows them or not. “ Most

of 'em will come,” she tells her conﬁdant, “and the girls will follow, next year, for the women always go after the men." A conclusion, from

/~WI'1/I’l

But she and her husband no longer which we, as an honest chronicler, are bound to

seek the acquaintance ofdistinguished foreigners.

record our dissent.

 * v¢'~vm/M,, ,~,.».<,/.V u »,1 I,” / ////~//N,.w~’,

FAREWELL. BY

MARY

R.

Bnornsnl under other skies Far from ours thy pathway lies;

WILOOX

For our souls Thou long hast wrought, Lnhoring with intensest thought,

Over mountains stern and steep,

For our sakes hast meekly borne

Over rivers whlo and deep, Through dim forests vast and old, Valleys green and uplands cold. Brother! through these paths untried May our Fnthcr be thy guide!

Smiling, and rebuke, and scorn. May our dear and blessed Lord All thy patient toil reward! Teacher! Guardian! tried and true, Solemn is our last adieu. WI

Wheresoevcr thou mayst go While thou journcyest here below. May God's presence lead the way. Fire by night and cloud by day. May thy soul in blessings bask, More than we can think or ask; Heaven's great peace within thee dwell,

Faron'ell, brother! never more

Shall thy words, as heretofore, On our weary spirits fall, Soothing, strengthening, cheering all. Sad will be thy house of prayer, Sad thy ﬂock, to miss thee there. Thine were words of truth and grace, None can ever ﬁll thy place. Dearest brother! fare thee well.

TO FRANZ. BY LA BELLE RIVIERE.

My hope is gone. Still angel, lead me to the land of peace!— Give me oblivion, darkness, rest, release From this unequal war that will not cease While the poor heart beats on.

Heaven will attest He, who did give That I fought brave] y when the blows fell fast— But heart, and hope. and strength have failed at last, ThB ilrugglc W“ in "in, “19 Pr!" ll 1°": N0! do I “"0" for the Pain 1‘ ‘50", I only nigh for mt!

I cannot weep, For sorrow has expanded all my tears; I have no anxious doubts, no trembling fears— Thero is no sunlight in the coming years— Oh, therefore, let me sleep!

his ﬂay, 'pirig, this impatient soul spurns the "on fem," a,“ cowl-01. This spark that pants and pinos to ﬂy away From its poor earth-bound prison-house of clay_ wan judge it and forgive!


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 —I'll be even with 'em, quoth I, for I'll put the precise sum into a piece of paper, and hold it ready in my hand all the way: "Now I shall have nothing to do" said I (composing myself to rest) "but to drop this gently into the post-boy's hat, and not say a word."—Then there wants two sous more to drink—or there is a twelve sous piece of Louis XIV. which will not pass—or a livre and some odd liards to be brought over from the last stage, which Monsieur had forgot; which altercations (as a man cannot dispute very well asleep) rouse him: still is sweet sleep retrievable; and still might the flesh weigh down the spirit, and recover itself of these blows—but then, by heaven!


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 you have paid but for a single post—whereas 'tis a post and a half; and this obliges you to pull out your book of post-roads, the print of which is so very small, it forces you to open your eyes, whether you will or no: then Monsieur le Curè offers you a pinch of snuff—or a poor soldier shews you his leg—or a shaveling his box—or the priestesse of the cistern will water your wheels—they do not want it—but she swears by her priesthood (throwing it back) that they do:—then you have all these points to argue, or consider over in your mind; in doing of which, the rational powers get so thoroughly awakened—you may get 'em to sleep again as you can.


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 repeated denials of any real intellectual affinity between himself and the ancients, and his occasional misunderstanding of the classical authors to whom he alludes.

The casual references to Greek literature range from Homer, Sappho, Hippocrates and Sophocles, to Menander, Plato, Diogenes, Laertius, and Eudoxus, the astronomer, but the most numerous and the most striking direct uses of the remains of ancient writings are found in his employment of phraseology and of complete excerpts from Æschylus the tragedian. The intensely ironic close of Tess of the D'Urbervilles is of course the first instance to come to mind: "'Justice' was done, and the President of the Immortals (in Æschylean phrase) had ended his sport with Tess." Of equal significance is the reference found in the most tragic section of Jude the Obscure:

W. S. Durrant has also called attention to the strong "atmospheric" effect produced by Sue's comment upon the tragic story of the Fawleys' ancestor who was gibbeted near the Brown House: “It makes me feel as if a tragic doom overhung our family as it did the House of


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 It was entirely owing to one of these misfortunes, or I had pass'd clean by the stables of Chantilly

—But the postillion first affirming, and then persisting in it to my face, that there was no mark upon the two sous piece, I open'd my eyes to be convinced—and seeing the mark upon it, as plain as my nose—I leap'd out of the chaise in a passion, and so saw every thing at Chantilly in spite.—I tried it but for three posts and a half, but believe 'tis the best principle in the world to travel speedily upon; for as few objects look very inviting in that mood—you have little or nothing to stop you; by which means it was that I pass'd through St.


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 Dennis, without turning my head so much as on side towards the Abby

—Richness of their treasury! stuff and nonsense!—bating their jewels, which are all false, I would not give three sous for any one thing in it, but Jaidas's lantern—nor for that either, only as it grows dark, it might be of use.


text: The Life of Thomas Hardy (Brennecke)/Chapter 7


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Richard the Third, IV. iv

Or else his head's assurance is but frail.

Stan. So deal with him as I prove true to you.

Exit Stanley.

Mess. My gracious sovereign, now in Devonshire,

As I by friends am well advertised,

Sir Edward Courtney, and the haughty prelate,

Bishop of Exeter, his elder brother,

With many moe confederates are in arms.

[Sec.] Mess. In Kent, my liege, the Guildfords are in arms;

And every hour more competitors

Flock to the rebels, and their power grows strong.

[Third] Mess. My lord, the army of great Buckingham—

K. Rich. Out on ye, owls! nothing but songs of death?

There, take thou that, till thou bring better news.

[Third] Mess. The news I have to tell your majesty

Is, that by sudden floods and fall of waters,

Buckingham's army is dispers'd and scatter'd;

And he himself wander'd away alone,

No man knows whither.

K. Rich. I cry thee mercy:

There is my purse, to cure that blow of thine.

Hath any well-advised friend proclaim'd

Reward to him that brings the traitor in?

 497 assurance: safety

501 Sir Edward Courtney; cf. n.

502 Bishop of Exeter; cf. n.

503 moe: more

504 the Guildfords; cf. n.

505 competitors: associates

508 owls death; cf. n.

513 Cf. n.

title: Page:Richard III (1927) Yale.djvu/133


text: The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman/Volume 7/Chapter 16


text: Index:To-Day - The Monthly Magazine of Scientific Socialism - 1884 - Vol. 1-2.djvu


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120

[Third] Mess. Such proclamation hath been made, my lord.

[Fourth] Mess. Sir Thomas Lovel, and Lord Marquess Dorset,

'Tis said, my liege, in Yorkshire are in arms:

But this good comfort bring I to your highness,

The Britaine navy is dispers'd by tempest.

Richmond, in Dorsetshire, sent out a boat

Unto the shore to ask those on the banks

If they were his assistants, yea or no;

Who answer'd him, they came from Buckingham

Upon his party: he, mistrusting them,

Hois'd sail, and made his course again for Britaine.

K. Rich. March on, march on, since we are up in arms;

If not to fight with foreign enemies,

Yet to beat down these rebels here at home.

Cate. My liege, the Duke of Buckingham is taken,

That is the best news: that the Earl of Richmond

Is with a mighty power landed at Milford

Is colder news, but yet they must be told.

K. Rich. Away towards Salisbury! while we reason here,

A royal battle might be won and lost.

Some one take order Buckingham be brought

To Salisbury; the rest march on with me.

Flourish. Exeunt.

 522 tempest; cf. n.

528 Hois'd: hoisted

532 Cf. n.

534 landed; cf. n.

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HEN Hardy's first volume of poems, Wessex Poems, appeared in 1898, illustrated with sketches by the author, now approaching his sixtieth year, everyone was disposed to regard it as an interesting but not particularly valuable illustration of a great novelist's self-entertainment by means of incidental experiments with art and poetry. When, three years later, his next book proved to be Poems of the Past and the Present, readers began to suspect that his career as a novelist might have to be considered as definitely closed. The most current speculation as to the probable cause of this rather unexpected turn of affairs was that Hardy had been disgusted and disheartened by the adverse and hysterical criticism leveled against Jude. As it was humorously put in Max Beerbohm's burlesque Sequelula to The Dynasts:


text: Richard III (1927) Yale/Text/Act V

title: Richard III (1927) Yale/Text/Act V


title: User:Alien333


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Mr. Beerbohm really thought, however, that "to accept that explanation were to insult him. A puny engine of art may be derailed by such puny obstacles as the public can set in its way. So strong an engine as Mr. Hardy rushes straight on, despite them, never so little jarred by them, and stops not save for lack of inward steam. Mr. Hardy writes no more novels because he has no more novels to write."

The most reasonable explanation seems to be that Hardy, feeling that he had expressed himself in the form of prose fiction as well as he was ever likely to, and that he had sufficiently indulged the public in using for twenty-five years the most easily comprehended method of approach, decided that he would henceforth indulge


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 himself by employing the form of literary art in which it had ever been his ambition to become a master. His novels had assured him of income and position; he could now afford to speculate in the hazardous field of poetry. Some people, indeed, had already realized that they had been reading poetry while they perused the "novels of character and environment," and accepted the new state of affairs with satisfaction. Others, however, simply stopped reading Hardy. At any rate, the world had before long to assimilate the fact that if it wanted to read Hardy's new books, it would have to read verse.

Poems of the Past and the Present, like Wessex Poems, contained many early pieces, but consisted chiefly of Hardy's poetical efforts between 1898 and 1901, recording his impressions of the Boer War and of two trips to Italy, the Poems of Pilgrimage. Time's Laughingstocks appeared in 1909; it was distinguished by A Set of Country Songs, some of the most successful dramatic ballads, the Love Lyrics and the greater part of those poems in which the ancient Wessex musicians reappear in person and in spirit. Satires of Circumstance followed in 1914; it has, without too much exaggeration, been called one of the most remarkable collections of poetry produced in recent years. It drew forth the following comment from Mr. Gosse:

This seems to be the Troilus and Cressida of his life's work, the book in which he is revealed most distracted by conjecture and most overwhelmed by the miscarriage of everything. The wells of human hope have been poisoned for him by some condition of which we know nothing, and even the picturesque features of Dorsetshire landscape that have always before dispersed


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 than one-half of the length of the snout and contained $4 2⁄3$ times in that of the head; its diameter does not equal the width of the interorbital space in the largest specimen. Præorbital as wide as the eye. Præeoperculum with a broad scaleless inferior limb, but its width is much narrower than the cheek, on which the scales are arranged in four series. The clorsal fin commences above the root of the pectoral fin; its spines are of moderate strength, the middle ones being much longer than the eye. Caudal fin slightly emarginate.

Specimens from Azuminé Creek have sixteen dorsal spines and the pectoral fin reaches nearly the vent. Two faint broad longitudinal bands on the upper half of the body are crossed by five or six transverse bands, equally faint, the parts crossed being of a darker tint. These markings are more distinct in young examples than in the adult. An opercular spot.

Specimens from Kondo-Kondo have fifteen dorsal spines and a rather shorter pectoral. None of the markings are present beside the opercular spot.

The specimen described by Sauvage was considerably larger than ours; to this circumstance I am inclined to ascribe the discrepancies between the two descriptions.

Lambarene.

Vomerine teeth villiform, forming a rather narrow band, without posterior projection, and as broad as the intermaxillary band; each half of the latter is twice as wide as broad, and both the intermaxillary and vomerine bands have the same lateral extent. Head covered above with smooth thin skin, scarcely any granulation being visible. The occipital process projects as an isosceles triangle, the hind margin of the head forming an open crescent on each side of the process. The


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 always got a story about a bracelet, or a bandeau, and quite turns her head."

"Very disagreeable, I'm sure—eh! Dr. Sly?"

"Some people are very easily managed. By the bye, Miss Gusset, who could have advised Mrs. Million to wear crimson? So large as she is, it does not at all suit her: I suppose it's a favourite colour."

"Dear Miss Graves, you're always so insinuating. What can Miss Graves mean—eh! Dr. Sly?"

A Lord Burleigh shake of the head.

"Cynthia Courtown seems as lively as ever," said Miss Gusset.

"Yes, lively enough, but I wish her manner was less brusque."

"Brusque, indeed! you may well say so: she nearly pushed me down in the hall; and when I looked as if I thought she might have given me

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 his melancholy, fail to win his attention. The strongest of the poems of disillusion which are the outcome of his mood, is The Newcomer's Wife, with the terrible abruptness of its final stanza. . . . At all events, one must welcome a postscript in which a blast on the bugle of war seemed to have wakened the poet from his dark brooding to the sense of a new chapter in history.

Whether or not this conjecture hits the truth of the matter, no one was prepared to deny that Satires of Circumstance, and in particular the "fifteen glimpses" that give the volume its title, produced upon the reader an effect of tragic pity and horror unequaled by anything else in the works of this modern master of tragedy, unless it be some of the more gruesome scenes in The Dynasts, or in Jude the Obscure. A tangible clue to the personal significance of the volume to its author was afforded by the memorable group of Poems of 1912-13, in which the death of Mrs. Hardy and the poet's bereavement were recorded with a beauty, pathos, and peculiar emotional restraint that frequently equals, and occasionally surpasses, the finest pieces done in a similar vein by Wordsworth. The volume also contained the famous lines on the loss of the Titanic, The Convergence of the Twain, and, as first published, closed with Hardy's first lyric of the Great War, Men Who March Away.

If Satires of Circumstance was the most sharply tragic of Hardy's books of lyrics, Moments of Vision rose to far greater heights in ripeness of thought, beauty of imagery, and perfection of form. Here Hardy at last achieved, with consummate artistry, that perfect adaptation of language and structure to the intellectual, dramatic, or lyric content of the poems, toward which he had


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 "But, my dear Mr. Grey, you would not have used the word without having some meaning. Why did you think it impossible? impossible is such a peculiar word." And here the Marquess looked up with great earnestness to a portrait of himself, which hung over the fire-place. It was one of Sir Thomas's happiest efforts; but it was not the happiness of the likeness, nor the beauty of the painting, which now attracted his Lordship's attention; he thought only of the costume in which he appeared in that portrait—the court dress of a Cabinet Minister;—"Impossible, Mr. Grey, you must confess is a very peculiar word," reiterated his Lordship.

"I said impossible, my Lord, because I did conceive, that had your Lordship been of a disposition, to which such overtures might have been made with any probability of success, the Marquess of Carabas would have been in a situation which would have precluded the

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 Conferences of representatives of the union are summoned, besides the conferences called to decide Economic and administrative questions. Up to the present time there has been one Ail-Russian Conference, held at the end of January and the beginning of February, 1920; it was composed of the representatives of the management Committees of the Provincial Departments, and the most important District Departments. In Provinces and Districts the Conferences of the Committees are held not less than once a month, and General Conferences twice a year.

In the Central Committee and in the Management Committee of Provincial Departments, there are the following Departments: The Secretariat with an organising Sub-department, the Standardisation of Wages, Protection of Labour and Educational Departments. The Controlling Department is not yet organised either in the centre, or in the Districts; with the exception of some Governments like Tambor, where this Department controls production on the Soviet estates in the whole government; other Management Committees of District Departments have their sections only in those districts where a large number of members are concentrated.

The following Commissions are formed in connection with the Workers' Committees: wage fixing, Educational Commissions.

The Workers' Committees have wage, labour protection, and Educational Sub-Committees, although the latter exist only on large Soviet estates which employ a large number of workmen. Soviet Farms which are of recent formation have a common Workers' Committee; the workers' committees in these cases have not been abandoned.

The chief objects of the Landworkers' Industrial Union have been:

(1) The organisation of agriculture on Communist principles, propagating that idea among 'the peasants. (2) The increase of efficiency by appropriate means and planned organisation, the expulsion of parasitic elements, and the establishment of strict Labour discipline. (3) The protection of Labour on the Soviet Farms. (4) Educational work among the agricultural workers, to give first place to abolishing illiteracy and to organise Agricultural schools.

The participation of the union in the organisation of agriculture took the form chiefly of organising the labour of the workers, the establishment of Control and Management, and direct participation in management by putting forward the best workers in the union for responsible posts in the management.

The greatest attention is now given to the organisation of model Soviet farms, as the union is convinced that the success of the propaganda in favour of agriculture on communist principles depends on the organisation of Farms which may serve as an example to the peasants. To carry out successfully this task an information department has been formed which collects all


text: Index:A new species of Eupithecia Curtis (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) from the Andes of northern Chile.pdf


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 possibility of those overtures being made at all."

"Hah!" and the Marquess nearly started from his seat.

"Yes, my Lord, I am a young, an inexperienced young man, ignorant of the world's ways; doubtless I was wrong, but I have much to learn," and his voice faltered; "but I did conceive, that having power at his command, the Marquess of Carabas did not exercise it, merely because he despised it:—but what should I know of such matters, my Lord?"

"Is power a thing so easily to be despised, young man?" asked the Marquess. His eye rested on a vote of thanks from the "Merchants and Bankers of London to the Right Honourable Sidney Lorraine, President, &c. &c. &c." which, splendidly emblazoned, and gilt, and framed, and glazed, was suspended opposite the President's portrait.

"Oh, no! my Lord, you do mistake me,"

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 eagerly burst forth Vivian, "I am no cold-blooded philosopher, that would despise that, for which, in my opinion, men, real men, should alone exist. Power! Oh! what sleepless nights, what days of hot anxiety! what exertions of mind and body! what travel! what hatred! what fierce encounters! what dangers of all possible kinds, would I not endure with a joyous spirit to gain it! But such, my Lord, I thought were feelings peculiar to inexperienced young men; and seeing you, my Lord, so situated, that you might command all and every thing, and yet living as you do, I was naturally led to believe that the object of my adoration was a vain glittering bauble, which those who could possess knew the utter worthlessness of."

The peer sat in a musing mood, playing the Devil's tattoo on the library table; at last, he raised his eyes from the French varnish, and said to Vivian, in a low whisper, "Are you

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 so certain that I can command all and every thing?"

"All and every thing! did I say all and every thing? Really, my Lord, you scan my expressions so critically; but I see your Lordship is smiling at my boyish nonsense! and really I feel that I have already wasted too much of your Lordship's valuable time, and displayed too much of my own ignorance."

"My dear Sir, I am not aware that I was smiling."

"Oh! your Lordship is so very kind."

"But, my dear Sir! you are really labouring under a very great mistake. I am desirous, I am particularly desirous, of having your opinion upon this subject."

"My opinion, my Lord! what should my opinion be, but an echo of the circle in which I live, but a faithful representation of the feelings of general society."

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 the data relating to agriculture; this data is applied for working out agricultural plans, controlling, etc., and also for calculation of the technical forces (this work is just being organised), in order that the fullest and best use be made of them. The local control of production is carried out by the workers' Committees on the various undertakings, which elect a Wage and Standardisation of Labour Committee, to standardise labour and wages according to the instructions of the Central organs of the union; it controls labour discipline, and the proper execution of plans and protection of public property; but the committees do not interfere with the technical administration of the industry, which belongs exclusively to the Management.

The exception to this rule was made in the Tambof Government; in February, 1920, in accordance with the instruction of the Government Council of Public Economy, when all the Soviet estates were given over to the Workers' Committee the former managers of the estates became only technical executors by the order of the Workers' Committees. The latter accomplish their task through the technical corporation of the Governmental Council of Public Economy.

The following figures give a general idea of the work the union in connection with organising Soviet estates:—

According to statistics provided by the Commissariat of Agriculture, previous to the advance of Denikin there were in 33 governments in Central Russia, 2,463 Soviet estates with a total area of 1,361,490 desiatins of which 745,536 was ploughed land and 313,354 was arable. The number of permanent workers was 53,574 employees, 6,941 experts and others who with their families totalled 107,820. The number of horses was 36,727, horned cattle 56,595.

There were 13.4 desiatins per man and 19.5 per horse. In the northern Governments, Tzaritzin and Astrachan Governments and also on the far South Coast the Soviet estates are small—about 20 in each Government.

The following are the governments in which the Soviet estates occupy the largest area.

The last two governments are remarkable for their organisation


text:
Page:Vivian Grey, Volume 1.djvu/104

 "And, Mr. Grey, I should be glad to know what can possibly be more interesting to me than a faithful representation of the feelings of general society on this subject.""

"The many, my Lord, are not always right."

"Mr. Grey, the many are not often wrong. Come, my dear Sir, do me the favour of being frank, and let me know why the public is of opinion that all and every thing is in my power, for such, after all, were your words."

"If I did use them, my Lord, it was because I was thinking, as I often am, what after all in this country is public life? Is it not a race in which the swiftest must surely win the prize—and is not that prize power?—Has not your Lordship treasure? There is your moral steam which can work the world. Has not your Lordship treasure's most splendid consequences, pure blood and aristocratic influence? The Millionaire has in his possession the seeds of every thing, but he must wait for half a century till

title: Page:Vivian Grey, Volume 1.djvu/104


text:
Page:Richard III (1927) Yale.djvu/136

122

Buck. Will not King Richard let me speak with him?

Sher. No, my good lord; therefore be patient.

Buck. Hastings, and Edward's children, Grey and Rivers,

Holy King Henry, and thy fair son Edward,

Vaughan, and all that have miscarried

By underhand, corrupted, foul injustice,

If that your moody discontented souls

Do through the clouds behold this present hour,

Even for revenge mock my destruction!

This is All-Souls' day, fellow, is it not?

Sher. It is.

Buck. Why, then All-Souls' day is my body's doomsday.

This is the day which, in King Edward's time,

I wish'd might fall on me, when I was found

False to his children and his wife's allies;

This is the day wherein I wish'd to fall

By the false faith of him whom most I trusted;

This, this All-Souls' day to my fearful soul

Is the determin'd respite of my wrongs.

That high All-Seer which I dallied with

Hath turn'd my feigned prayer on my head,

And given in earnest what I begg'd in jest.

 10 All-Souls' day: November first; cf. n.

13 Cf. n.

19 determin'd wrongs; cf. n.

title: Page:Richard III (1927) Yale.djvu/136


text:
Page:New Peterson magazine 1859 Vol. XXXV.pdf/22

 WHAT A PRETTY LITTLE

HAND!

BY

MARY

E. CLARKE.

I am not a bashful man. Generally speaking, I am fully as confident and forward as most of my sex. I dress well, dance well, sing tolerably; I don’t tread on ladies’ dresses, when I make my bow; and I have not the trick of coloring to the roots of my hair, when I am spoken to. Yet, there was one period of my life, when all my merits seemed to my own eyes insignificant, and I felt very modest, not to say bashful. It was when I was in love. Then, I sometimes did not know where to put my hands and feet. Did I mention that in the said hands and feet consists my greatest beauty? They are both small.

Three years ago, I fell in love. I did not walk into it quietly, weighing my idol’s perfections against her defects. I fell in, head and ears, two seconds after the introduction.

“Mr. Haynes, Miss Arnold,” said a mutual friend, and lo! I was desperately in love. She was a little fairy-like figure, with long, brown curls floating over a snowy neck and shoulders, and falling down on the waist of an enchanting sky-blue dress. Her large, dark blue eyes were full of saucy light, yet, oh! how tender and lov- ing they could look. (This I found out later.) Of all the provoking, tantalizing little coquettes, that ever teased the heart out of a poor mas, Susy Arnold was the most bewitching. I would pass an evening with her, and go home certain that one more interview would make me the hap- piest of men; but the next time I met her, a cool nod, and indifferent glance, threw down all my castles. She was very cautious. Not a word did she drop to make me believe that she loved me; and yet her hand woald linger in mine, her color rise if I looked my feelings, and her eyes droop, to be raised again in an instant, full of laughing defiance. She declared her intention to be an old maid most emphatically, and in the next sentence would add, “I never did love, but if I should take a fancy to anybody, I should love him like—like a house afire. Though,’ she would say, carelessly, “I never saw anybody yet worth settling my thoughts upon.” I tried in a thousand ways to make her betray some interest in myself. Propose outright, I eould not. She had a way, whenever I tried it, of looking in my face with an air of grave atten- tion, of profound interest, that was equivalent in   effect, to knocking me down; it took all the reath out of me.

One evening, while there, I was seized with a violent headache. I told her I was subject to such attacks, and the gipsy, putting on a grave face, gave me a lecture on the subject of health, winding up with,

“The best thing you can do is to get a wife to take care of you, and to keep you from over study. I advise you to do it: if you can get anybody to have you.”

“Indeed,” I said, rather piqued, ‘there are only too many. I refrain from a selection for ear of breaking other hearts. How fond all the ladies are of me!’’ I added, conceitedly, “though can’t see that I am particularly fascinating.”

“Neither can I,” said Susy, with an air of perfect simplicity.

“Can’t you?” said I. ‘I hoped—hoped——” Yh! that dreadfully attentive face of hers. “That is, Miss Susy, I thought, perhaps—oh! ny head! my head!” and I buried my face in be cushion.

“Does it ache so very badly?’’ she asked, enderly, and she put her cool little hand in mong my ourls. I felt the thrill her fingers fave me, all the way to the toes of my boots. My head being really very painful, I was obliged © leave; but, all the way home, the soft, cool ouch of these little fingers lingered upon my row.

Soon after this, it became necessary, for me te leave the city on business. An offer of a lucra- jive partnership in the South in the office of a lawyer friend of mine, made me decide to extend my trip, and see how the ‘‘land lay.” One thing was certain, I could not leave home, for months, perhaps years, without some answer from Susy. Dressed in my most faultless costume, and full of hope, I went to Mr. Arnold's. Susy was in the parlor, at the piano, alone. She nodded gayly, as I came in; but continued her song. It was, “I’ve something sweet to tell you.”

At the words, “I love you! I adore you!” she gave me such a glance. I was ready to prostrate myself; but, sweeping back the curls with laughing defiance, she warbled, “But I’m talking in my sleep.”


text:
Page:Richard III (1927) Yale.djvu/154

140

Proclaim a pardon to the soldiers fled

That in submission will return to us;

And then, as we have ta'en the sacrament,

We will unite the white rose and the red:

Smile, heaven, upon this fair conjunction,

That long have frown'd upon their enmity!

What traitor hears me, and says not amen?

England hath long been mad, and scarr'd herself;

The brother blindly shed the brother's blood,

The father rashly slaughter'd his own son,

The son, compell'd, been butcher to the sire:

All this divided York and Lancaster,

Divided in their dire division,

O, now let Richmond and Elizabeth,

The true succeeders of each royal house,

By God's fair ordinance conjoin together;

And let their heirs—God, if thy will be so,—

Enrich the time to come with smooth-fac'd peace,

With smiling plenty, and fair prosperous days!

Abate the edge of traitors, gracious Lord,

That would reduce these bloody days again,

And make poor England weep in streams of blood!

Let them not live to taste this land's increase,

That would with treason wound this fair land's peace!

Now civil wounds are stopp'd, peace lives again:

That she may tong live here, God say amen!

 38, 39 Cf. n.

45 their; cf. n.

48 Abate: blunt

title: Page:Richard III (1927) Yale.djvu/154


text:
Page:A new species of Eupithecia Curtis (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) from the Andes of northern Chile.pdf/1

Nota Lepi. 44 2021: 239–247

http://zoobank.org/56CFE7C5-114A-4C05-BD32-6B0D4762E50D

Received 19 August 2021; accepted 30 September 2021; published: 25 October 2021 Subject Editor: Sven Erlacher.

Abstract. Eupithecia copaquillaensis '''sp. nov.''' (Lepidoptera, Geometridae, Larentiinae, Eupitheciini) is described and illustrated. Adults of this new species were discovered using a light trap in the Copaquilla ravine, at about 2800 m elevation on the western slope of the Andes of northern Chile. The morphology of the genitalia of E. copaquillaensis resembles that of E. atacama (Vojnits, 1985), which is also Chilean. However, the shape of the smaller cornutus and the signa in the male and female genitalia respectively enable accurate differentiation of the two species. DNA barcodes are used to associate male and female E. copaquillaensis.

Introduction

The widespread moth genus Eupithecia Curtis, 1825 (Larentiinae, Eupitheciini) is the most speciose of the family Geometridae (Lepidoptera), with more than 1300 species listed in the latest world catalogue (Parsons et al. 1999). Despite this impressive number, new species continue to be discovered in different parts of the world (e.g. Ferris 2007; Mironov and Ratzel 2012; Mironov and Galsworthy 2014; Skou et al. 2017; Seven et al. 2019).

Based on the study of the Palaearctic, Nearctic and Oriental fauna, Mironov and Galsworthy (2012) redefined Eupithecia and indicated a combination of some key features in the male genitalia for distinguishing the genus from the morphologically closely related genera of Eupitheciini: uncus broadest basally and hook-like distally with one or two tips, juxta “hourglass shaped” with a bilobed calcar, anterior arm of labides curved with a setose finger-like papilla at apex, and sternum VIII modified with patches of sclerotization. Furthermore, recent molecular phylogenetic studies that included Old World representatives of Eupithecia suggest that the genus represents a monophyletic group (Õunap et al. 2016; Brehm et al. 2019).

About a fourth of all the known species of Eupithecia are recorded in the Neotropical Region (Herbulot 2001). It has been suggested that the moist environments of the Andes are the most species-rich for this genus in the world (Brehm et al. 2019), based on the high species richness revealed in recent studies performed in the moist forests of the Ecuadorian Andes (Brehm et al. 2016). In contrast, the species richness of Eupithecia appears to be lower in the arid environments of South America (Rindge 1987).


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Page:A new species of Eupithecia Curtis (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) from the Andes of northern Chile.pdf/2

240 Parsons et al. (1999) listed 61 species of Eupithecia with type locality in Chile; four others were added later (Parra and Ibarra-Vidal 2002; Vargas 2011). Most of the Chilean Eupithecia occur in the central and southern zones of the country (Vojnits 1985, 1992, 1994; Rindge 1987, 1991). In contrast, only five species have been recorded in the extremely arid environments of the northernmost part, at about 18–19°S, only one of which is known to occur in the highlands of the Andes (Rindge 1987; Vargas 2011). Adults of a second high-elevation species were recently collected in northern Chile. The examination of their genitalia revealed that the moths represent an undescribed species, whose description is provided here. DNA barcodes of one female and one male were used to confirm conspecificity.

Material and methods

The studied specimens were collected using a light trap in December, 2020 in the Copaquilla ravine (18°23'55"S, 69°37'49"W) at about 2800 m elevation on the western slopes of the Andes. Their abdomens were removed, cleared in hot KOH 10% for a few minutes, stained with Eosin Y and Chlorazol black and slide-mounted with Euparal. Images were captured with a Sony CyberShot DSC-HX200V digital camera attached to a Leica M125 stereo microscope and a Micropublisher 3.3 RTVQImaging digital camera, attached to an Olympus BX51 microscope. The distribution map was generated using SimpleMappr (Shorthouse 2010). Specimens will be deposited in the “Colección Entomológica de la Universidad de Tarapacá”, Arica, Chile (IDEA).

Genomic DNA was extracted from legs of one female and one male using the QIAamp Fast DNA Tissue Kit, following the manufacturer’s instructions, and sent to Macrogen Inc. (Seoul, South Korea) for purification, PCR amplification and sequencing of the barcode region (Hebert et al. 2003) using the primers (LEP-F1 and LEP-R1) and following the procedures described in Hebert et al. (2004). The sequences were aligned with ClustalW in MEGA X (Kumar et al. 2018) to search for variable sites and were analyzed using the BOLD Identification System (Ratnasingham and Hebert 2007).

Results

DNA barcodes

Two identical DNA barcode sequences of 658 base pair length were obtained, confirming the conspecificity of the male and the female analyzed (GenBank accessions MZ821652, MZ821653, respectively). The nearest match in BOLD (98.6% similarity) was with one sequence of Eupithecia from Antofagasta, Chile, at “Private” status. The following nearest match (93.9%) was with “Lepidoptera sp. 049 PS-2011” from Ecuador.

'Eupithecia copaquillaensis'' sp. nov.''' http://zoobank.org/A4BD2F1B-22C7-4CBF-9A89-138C7D3B9058 Figs 1–7

Type material. Holotype, male, : Chile, Parinacota, Copaquilla, 2800 m.; December 2020; light trap; H.A. Vargas leg.; IDEA-LEPI-2021-007; genitalia slide HAV-1415. Specimen and genitalia slide deposited at IDEA.

Paratypes,. Three males, IDEA-LEPI-2021-008, IDEA-LEPI-2021-009, IDEA-LEPI-2021-010, genitalia slide 1408, 1409, 1473, respectively, three females IDEA-LEPI-2021-011, IDEA-LEPI-2021-012, IDEA-LEPI-2021-013, genitalia slides 1410, 1417, 1434, respectively, same data as for holotype. Specimens and genitalia slides deposited at IDEA.


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Nota Lepi. 44: 239–247

Diagnosis. The morphology of the genitalia of E. copaquillaensis sp. nov. (Figs 3–6) closely resembles that of E. atacama (Vojnits, 1985) (Figs 8–11), with type locality near Freirina village in the Huasco Province of northern Chile, also recorded in a few localities of the Coquimbo Province (Vojnits 1985). E. atacama was originally described in Heteropithecia Vojnits, 1985, a monotypic genus synonymized with Eupithecia by Rindge (1987). This synonymy has been followed in


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 his descendant finds himself in your Lordship's state—till he is yclept noble, and then he starts fair in the grand course. All these advantages your Lordship has apparently at hand, with the additional advantage (and one, oh! how great!) of having already proved to your country, that you know how to rule."

There was a dead silence, which at length the Marquess broke. "There is much in what you say; but I cannot conceal it from myself, I have no wish to conceal it from you—I am not what I was."—Oh, ambition! thou art the parent of truth.

"Ah, my Lord!" eagerly rejoined Vivian, "here is the terrible error into which you great statesmen have always fallen. Think you not, that intellect is as much a purchaseable article as fine parks and fair castles? With your Lordship's tried and splendid talents, every thing might be done; but, in my opinion, if, instead of a practised, an experienced, and wary

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 Statesman, I was now addressing an idiot Earl, I should not see, that the great end might not equally be consummated."

"Say you so, my merry man, and how?"

"Why, my Lord,—but,—but, I feel that I am trespassing on your Lordship's time, otherwise I think I could show why society is of opinion that your Lordship can do all and every thing—how, indeed, your Lordship might, in a very short time, be—Prime Minister."

"No, Mr. Grey;—this conversation must be finished. I'll first give orders that we may not be disturbed, and then we'll proceed immediately. Come, now! your manner takes me, and we will converse in the spirit of the most perfect confidence."

Here, as the Marquess settled at the same time his chair and his countenance, and looked as anxious as if Majesty itself was consulting him on the formation of a ministry, in burst the Marchioness, notwithstanding all the remonstrances,

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242

subsequent studies (Rindge 1991; Parsons et al. 1999), including the redefinition of Eupithecia by Mironov and Galsworthy (2012). The males of E. copaquillaensis sp. nov. and E. atacama have two cornuti on the vesica, the larger of which is a narrow horseshoe like piece with asymmetrical arms. However, the smaller cornutus is sub-cylindrical and curved on the distal half in E. copaquillaensis sp. nov., while it is depressed, squat and concave in E. atacama. The females of the two species have a mainly membranous corpus bursae with small teeth-like signa. However, the signa are grouped in a dense semicircular patch in E. copaquillaensis sp. nov., while those of E. atacamae are arranged in longitudinal stripes.

'''Description. Male (Fig. 1).''' Forewing length 9.9–10.1 mm.

Head. Frons and vertex creamy white with brownish gray scattered scales. Labial palp concolorous with frons and vertex. Antenna filiform, creamy white dorsally, ciliated ventrally, cilia longer than flagellomere diameter.


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PETERSON’S MAGAZINE.

Vol. XXXV.

We had laughed until we could laugh not longer. Miss Flint had been unusually comical, and we now sat in the half exhausted state which followed a day of unbroken merriment.

Stout, fresh-looking, and utterly unfatigued, eat the cheerful maiden lady, whose mirth-provoking use of language had kept us all laughing so long.

“Did no one ever try to run away with you, Miss Flint?" asked a would-be facetious youth.

“Never!” she replied, in a tone of solemn conviction, that drew forth a fresh burst of laughter.

“Oh, Miss Flint!" exclaimed Lilla, just at home from boarding-school for the vacation, “do tell us something about, your offers! But no," she added, “don't tell us, either-write it, please, and give me the manuscript!"

“Exactly," replied Miss Flint, “that would? be ‘so romantic,’ you know; “blotted with tears at such a place'-‘deeply underlined at such a piled—dong blank at such a place,’ &c., etc."

Lilla was laughed at for her pains, but she continued, coaxingly, “Ah, please do. Here is a sheet of paper, and a pencil for you, now. There, begin.”

“I will begin and ﬁnish at once," was the reply, “if it is the history of my offers that you want.” And Miss Flint, to Lilla’s chagrin, and our amusement, drew a large, round  on the paper, which she presented to the petitioner with mock politeness.

“Why, Miss Flint!” exclaimed the youth above alluded to, ‘you don’t meant to say that you never had an offer!”

“I don’t think I ever did, quite,” replied the ady, unconcernedly.

“Did you ever make any matches, Miss Flint?” was the next query.

Miss Flint reflected for a few moments, and then she began to smile.

“The only match that I ever really did make,” she began, “was one that I had no idea of making, but I have seldom meddled with such affairs, they are dangerous things to tamper with. I had always such an excess of spirits, that, as a girl, I was a perfect nuisance; a reckless, heedless, boisterous creature, who was continually defying propriety, and putting fastidiousness to the blush. Sober people looked upon me as a young tornado, and I was seldom quiet for two minutes together.

“But, notwithstanding this dreadful character, two quiet, elderly ladies, cousins of my father, who lived in a retired country village, became so infatuated as to suppose that it would be a pleasant variety to have a visit from me; and as I could enjoy myself anywhere, I accepted the invitation.

“Cousin Rachel and cousin Etta were perfect samples of well-meaning, elderly, maiden ladies, whose lives had been passed in seclusion on a moderate competency. They had one train of ideas, one style of dress, and one form of expression. If cousin Rachel conversed, she largely _ quoted ‘sister Etta,’ and deferentially referred to her opinion; and cousin Etta did the same thing for ‘sister Rachel.’ They were always ‘considering what was best;’ and I believe never even hemmed a pocket-handkerchief without holding a solemn consultation over it. They walked carefully through the house, and spoke in such subdued tones that one would suppose there was some indefatigable sleeper whom they were afraid of arousing. Their village home, which had been named Cedarville, for what earthly reason I never could ascertain, was the most monotonous of all country places; and had there not been a large dog on hand, I should have pined for want of a companion.

“When I was fairly established under the roof of my quiet relatives, and they were brought


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244 Thorax. Mainly creamy white with brownish gray and yellowish brown scattered scales. Foreleg mainly brownish gray with creamy white scattered scales. Mid- and hindleg mainly creamy white with brownish gray scattered scales; tibial spurs creamy white. Forewing mainly creamy white with abundant brownish gray and a few yellowish brown scattered scales; poorly differentiated brownish gray transverse stripes broader and darker near costal margin, narrower and lighter towards posterior margin. Hindwing mainly creamy white with poorly differentiated brownish gray transverse stripes near posterior wing margin and brownish gray scattered scales on distal half.

Abdomen. Mainly creamy white with brownish gray and yellowish brown scattered scales. Tergum VIII (Fig. 2) square-like; anterior margin straight, distinctly sclerotized, shortly projected laterally; posterior margin with short semicircular projection in the middle. Tergum VIII (Fig. 2) as two separate longitudinal rods depressed anteriorly, medially curved posteriorly.

Male genitalia (Figs 3–5). Uncus broad, depressed basally, narrow, spine-like distally, with pointed apex. Tegumen narrow, left and right parts completely separated. Saccus broadened ventrally, posterior margin broadly rounded. Juxta as a transverse ellipsoid stripe, calcar broadly U-shaped. Transtilla as a transverse stripe. Labides with anterior arm medially curved, bearing an apical finger like papilla with short setae on distal half; posterior arm straight, bearing a semicircular slightly sclerotized papilla. Valva elongated, broader basally, narrowing distally, apex rounded, costal sclerotized band not reaching apex, sacculus slightly sclerotized. Phallus sub-cylindrical, anterior apex rounded, broadening distally; vesica with two cornuti, larger cornutus a narrow horseshoe-like piece with asymmetrical arms, smaller cornutus a sub-cylindrical piece curved on distal half.

Female. Forewing length similar to male. Antenna with cilia shorter than flagellomere diameter. Wings slightly lighter than those of male, with less brownish gray and more yellowish brown scales.

Female genitalia (Fig. 6). Papilla analis lobe-like, slightly sclerotized near anterior margin, with hair-like setae. Posterior apophysis narrow, rod-shaped, about twice the length of papilla analis. Anterior apophysis narrow, rod-shaped, about half the length of papilla analis; ventral arm about same length as papilla analis, distally depressed and slightly broadened. Antrum broad, membranous. Ductus bursae short, membranous. Corpus bursae mainly membranous, with longitudinal striations, small teeth-like signa grouped in a dense semicircular patch. Ductus seminalis at apex of a narrow, finger-like appendix bursae near the base of corpus bursae.

Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality.

Distribution (Fig. 7). Based on the type material, E. copaquillaensis sp. nov. is known only from the type locality, the Copaquilla ravine (18°23'55"S, 69°37'49"W), at about 2800 m elevation on the western slopes of the arid Andes of northern Chile. The high similarity (98.6%) of the barcode of E. copaquillaensis sp. nov. to a congeneric sequence from Antofagasta, Chile found in BOLD suggests a broader geographic range, reaching to about 400 km south of the type locality. However, the exact sampling site of the BOLD sequence is unknown.

Biology. Adults of E. copaquillaensis sp. nov. were collected using a light trap in December 2020. Host plants remain unknown.

Discussion

Eupithecia copaquillaensis sp. nov. is the second species of the genus known to occur in the arid highlands of the western slopes of the Andes of the northernmost part of Chile. The only conspecific previously recorded in the same area is E. tarapaca Rindge, 1987, whose larvae feed on


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 entreaties, threats, and supplications of Mr. Sadler.

Her Ladyship had been what they style a splendid woman; she was now passata, although with the aid of cachemeres, diamonds, and turbans, her tout ensemble was still very striking. Her Ladyship was not remarkable for any thing, save a correct taste for poodles, parrots, and bijouterie, and a proper admiration of Theodore Hook, and John Bull.

"Oh! Marquess," exclaimed her Ladyship, and a favourite green parrot, which came flying in after its accustomed perch, her Ladyship's left shoulder, shrieked at the same time in concert—"Oh! Marquess, my poor Julie! You know we've noticed how nervous she has been for some days past, and I had just given her a saucer of arrow-root and milk, and she seemed a little easier, and I said to Miss Graves, 'I really do think she is a leetle better,' and Miss

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 "Oh, no! nor Mrs. Million, dear creature! she means nothing; though, I dare say, not knowing her so well as we do—eh! Dr. Sly?—you were a little surprised at the way in which she spoke to me at dinner."

"All people have their oddities. Miss Gusset. I'm sure the Marchioness is not aware how she tries my patience about that little wretch Julie;—I had to rub her with warm flannels for an hour and a-half, before the fire this morning;—that's that Vivian Grey's doing."

"Who is this Mr. Grey, Miss Graves?"

"Who, indeed!—Some young man the Marquess has picked up, and who comes lecturing here about poodles, and parrots, and thinking himself quite Lord Paramount, I assure you; I'm surprised that the Marchioness, who is a most sensible woman, can patronize such conduct a moment; but whenever she begins to see through him, the young gentleman has

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