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 ten yards. The mate hurled his harpoon straight and true, for he had seen many years of service in the whaling ships. With a mighty splash the great fish dived and the line with a big cork float attached was thrown overboard altogether. The fish was gone minutes, and the crew were begining to think that they had lost their prey when the mate saw the float more than a mile away. The men bent to their oars and in a few minutes the boat was flying towards the mark. But ere they could reach the place the sunfish dived again and carried the float beneath the surface. The great fish must have passed right under them for the float reappeared about quarter of a mile behind and right in their wake. This time they had more luck and succeeded in passing a second line around the float, but in doing so they must have jerked the line for the fish dived with a rush and the boat had to abandon its second line. It was not long before the float appeared again and the end of the line was picked up. This time the mate decided to hold on whatever happened. He made fast to the bow and waited to see what would come next. Nothing occured for a minute or more, and two of the crew began to haul in on the line thinking that perhaps their victim was dead, but they were wrong, for suddenly there was a tremendous jerk and the men let go, while the line ran out like lighting. The mate's face changed color, but he was a man of iron nerve and he was going to make his fight with the fish to the death. The line ran taunt with such a jerk that the bow of the boat almost went under. Every instant that the line held the boat was liable to be swamped, but the fish was evidently weakening for its struggles became less and less and presently ceased altogether. Then came a long strong pull of half a dozen arms and the prize slowly rose to the surface.

A line was made fast to the fin and the huge fish was towed to the ship. This proved to be no light task for it seemed as though the carcass was made of lead. Once alongside it took the ship's heaviest block and tackle and most of the crew to raise it to the deck. Part of the meat was cut off cooked for the miday meal and proved to be pretty coarse and oily and was promply voted "no good" by the crew. However they had had lots of fun with the catch and were contented. Life is often dreary on a deep sea trip and any excitement like a hunt is always hailed with delight.

Sometimes sportsmen shoot the sun fish from row boats, but it is a very uncertain business. In the first place a row boat is seldom still and in consequence makes a poor gun platform. Again a very heavy rifle must be used, and unless the fish is struck behind the eye or in some vital spot it dives and is never seen again.


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 The lives in Australia. It is usually found in small companies, and always in charge of a leader. The kangaroo was first discovered by Captain Cook, in New South Wales, in 1770, and it is said that when the sailors asked the natives the name of the strange animal they replied, "Kangaroo," which, as a matter of fact, meant in their language, "What do you say?" However, this name has remained unchanged ever since.

The skin of the kangaroo makes very fine leather, and its flesh is good to eat. The native Australians say that it affords the best hunting on the continent. The men ride on horse-back, while a pack of large, fierce hounds follow the kangaroo, which goes over the ground at a curious gait, consisting of a series of immense leaps. Its hind legs are of great size and strength, and when brought to bay the creature defends itself with kicks. The front legs are very small, and do not seem to be of much use except to convey food to the mouth. When a kangaroo is chased by hunters, it has an odd habit of looking back over its shoulder, and instances have been known where it has collided with a tree, and thus brought itself to an untimely end.

Perhaps the most wonderful part of the kangaroo is the pouch in which it carries its young. The baby kangaroo, when first born, is not much over an inch or two in length, and for about eight months it lives in this pouch, until it is strong enough to hop about beside its mother. The doe kangaroo is very watchful of her young, for at the least suspicion of danger, the youngster scrambles into the pouch, and away goes the mother in gigantic leaps. The kangaroo thrives well in England. Quite a number have been brought from Australia, and are now to be seen in some of the parks, hopping about quite comfortably. They breed freely, too, and appear to stand the damp climate very well. When Captain Cook first discovered the kangaroo, they roamed


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 among the rocks in a dry and hot canyon. When the meal was over the men lay around smoking awhile. One of the party was stretched at full length on a low rock sunning himself. Suddenly one of the Indian guides slowly stretched out his hand to the nearest rifle and before anyone noticed what was up, he fired. The man on the rock sprang up and found, not a foot from his ear, a large rattlesnake in the throes of death, its head having been shattered by the well aimed shot.

On one occasion some children in California were playing hide and seek in a garden. One little girl went and hid under the low lying branches of a lemon tree. On looking up she saw a big rattler among the leaves just above her head. She screamed in terror; the mother who was close at hand dragged the child out of danger. They found out later that the rattlesnake had a family of young ones close at hand, and so you see one mother was just as anxious as the other.

A piece of good advice to anyone who has occasion to travel in countries where rattlers are numerous is to wear thick woolen stockings and over that heavy leather leggings. Then you are safe if you get bitten; the snake's teeth are not long enough to reach the flesh. A snake, unless it is very large indeed, seldom strikes above the knee.

Farmers often resort to a curious way to rid their places of rattlers. It is well known that pigs will kill and eat snakes whenever they can find them. If the snakes bite the pigs in the fat part of the body it will do them no harm, but see that your pigs are fat. This scheme was tried on Guadalope Island in California but the pigs were of thin, wiry kind and the rattlesnakes cleared them out in no time.

Rattlesnakes are beautifully marked, and are in endless variety of color and pattern. The Diamond Rattlesnake is especially handsome; the skin of this species however soon loses a great deal of its color. The skin of all rattlesnakes is thickish and tough and it is therefore not hard to handle. It can easily be skinned and tanned and made into belts and hat bands.

Nearly every Zoo has a good collection of live rattlers, but they seldom move about so as to give one much of a chance to observe them. The writer one day saw a number of rattlers in the Philadelphia Zoo roused to anger by a dog entering the house, and it was a splendid opportunity to see how the tail worked. It was possible to get within a foot, or so, of it without any danger. Even when wild, rattlers do not appear to be very active. Like all snakes, they can go for months without food, but whether they live to any very great age is not so certain.


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 systems, than those of Frederick Cleveland and Vivian Grey. The systems on which they had been educated were not, however, more discordant than the respective tempers of the pupils. With that of Vivian Grey the reader is now somewhat acquainted. It has been shown that he was one precociously convinced of the necessity of managing mankind by studying their tempers and humouring their weaknesses. Cleveland turned from the Book of Nature with contempt; and although his was a mind of extraordinary acuteness, he was, at three-and-thirty, as ignorant of the workings of the human heart, as when, in the innocence of boyhood, he first reached Eton. The inaptitude of his nature to consult the feelings, or adopt the sentiments of others, was visible in his slightest actions. He was the only man who ever passed three years in Germany, and in a German University, who had never yielded to the magic influence of a Meerschaum; and the

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was educated at Eton, and at Cambridge; and after having proved, both at the school and the University, that he possessed talents of the first order, he had the courage, in order to perfect them, to immure himself for three years in a German University. It was impossible, therefore, for two minds to have been cultivated on more

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 declare that it is automatic, that is, when the snake bites the jar presses the poison sac and squeezes the venom out.

The rattlesnake's poison looks like a drop of milk. An easy way to see it is to tie a strong, thick, leaf on the end of a long stick and present it to the snake, who strikes at it and the poison will be found on the leaf.

You will probably in the course of your life hear wonderful yarns of rattlers jumping ten feet or more, but receive them with a pinch of salt. A rattler cannot spring more than its own length at most. If you stop and think you will see that it is impossible. When the snake finds an enemy it forms a coil at once with its tail in the middle and its head raised for defence. It keeps its rattle buzzing and it looks very angry. When it does strike it moves like lightning; in fact any person not accustomed to snake's ways might truthfully declare that he did not see the head move at all.

The "rattle" of the snake is very curious. The "buttons" vary in number according to the snake's age and the average is about eight, but the writer has seen as many as sixteen. When rattling the snake sticks the end of its tail up in the air and it is seen vibrating rapidly. The sound produced thereby is like dry peas being shaken in a bladder One very curious thing about this sound is that at one time it seems to be coming from one direction, when in reality it is coming from the opposite way. Wood choppers and people who have to work in the undergrowth, where the snakes live, throw from time to time chips of wood into the bushes and this is quite sufficient to scare the snakes away.

Rattlers love to lurk in deserted mine shafts and caves. A traveller, well known to the writer, relates that while he was in Mexico, he and a companion entered the shaft of a deserted gold mine. The instant they were completely in the dark their ears were almost stunned by the dreaded rattling. One man struck a match and they saw to their horror that the place was literally full of rattlers. The man who was behind said to his companion "Dont move, there is a snake under your feet." He looked down and sure enough the heel of his boot was upon the head of a large fellow. He had sense enough not to jump but he ground his heel into the dirt and thus killed the snake. Had he tried to get away the chances are that the snake would have had him. Both men drew their revolvers and fired. For an instant the rattling ceased and then they rushed for the entrance and were soon in sunlight again while from the mouth of the pit a greater chorus than ever of rattling was coming out.

A party of men while prospecting in New Mexico halted for lunch


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 same inflexibility of character which prevented him from smoking in Germany, attracted in Italy the loud contempt of those accomplished creatures—the Anglo-Italians. The Duchess of Derwentwater, who saluted with equal naïveté a Cardinal, or a Captain of banditti, was once almost determined to exclude Mr. Cleveland from her conversazione, because he looked so much like an Englishman; and at Florence he was still more unpopular; for he abused Velluti, and pasquinaded his patroness.

Although possessed of no fortune, from the respectability of his connexions, and the reputation of his abilities, he entered Parliament at an early age. His success was eminent. It was at this period that he formed a great friendship with the present Marquess of Carabas, many years his senior, and then Under Secretary of State. His exertions for the party to which Mr. Under Secretary Lorraine belonged were unremitting; and it was mainly through

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 The stands a little apart from its numerous family. It is found in the most northern part of America, Greenland, and the great Arctic islands. It is especially famous for its fur. During the late fall it is a beautiful gray color, which makes it valuable in the market. In the depth of winter it is very heavy and silky and turns to a pure white, but at other times of the year it changes its coat very rapidly, assuming unsightly colors. Explorers and naturalists who have visited the Arctic regions at various times have described it as the "pied" fox, others as the "sooty" fox, and others as the "blue" fox; but it has since been proved that they are one and the same animal seen at different times of the year.

They are over-bold, being easy to approach within gun-shot, and they do not display the clever tricks for keeping out of traps like their brethren. They live in burrows, like the red fox, and in size are slightly smaller, measuring about three feet, including the tail.

Owing to persecution, the Arctic fox is not nearly as plentiful as it was; in fact, it has already vanished from some localities, where it used to live in great numbers. If the demand for its fur continues, it will probably be exterminated.


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 The elephant and rhinoceros stand somewhat in awe of each other. The elephant is nervous and excited when the rhinoceros is near, and even this black, quarrelsome beast will turn aside if it hears an elephant coming, though the rhinoceros will often attack an elephant. The size, weight, and length of tusk of its opponent makes it too risky to fight in a fair battle, but, instead, the crafty rhinoceros lies in wait and rushes upon the elephant unawares, and rips it open with its powerful horn. The elephant cannot see sideways very well, and the rhinoceros, knowing this, lies in wait for its victim until it turns its body to the right angle. But if, by any chance, the rhinoceros misses its strike, a terrific battle takes place, which generally ends in a victory for the elephant.

The African natives have a curious way of killing the rhinoceros. They place a strong looped rope in a shallow pit near the feeding-ground. The rhinoceros, in walking along, puts its foot into the loop and, becoming alarmed, rushes off. At the end of the rope a huge baulk of timber is fastened. It soon gets tired of dragging this weight after it, and often gets it wedged between two trees. The log leaves a clear trail which the natives follow the next day until they find their victim. They then kill it with spears. Sometimes the rope by which the beast is caught breaks, and then things become exciting.

FOLLOWING A NOOSED RHINOCEROS.


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 There is no more wonderful and mysterious bird than the American Condor. Of all the feathered folk it is the largest in stretch of wings, with one exception and that is the giant albatross.

It is the largest of the land birds, its wings from tip to tip usually measuring between ten and fourteen feet.

The condor lives in the Andes mountains of South America and may be said to belong to the vulture family.

The condor prefers to live at great heights where a man could not exist. It builds no nest but lays a solitary egg upon a narrow ledge on the face of an inaccessable precipice. The condor thinks nothing of flying as high as twenty thousand feet; in fact it is most frequently found on the edge of the snow line which in itself seldom creeps below fifteen thousand feet. It will fly for hours at a time in great circles, sometimes a mile in circumference without flapping its wings at all. The condor is not the sort of bird that has to feed every day but when the opportunity occurs it gorges itself and then goes away to digest the meal.

The cattlemen wage continuous war on this mighty vulture for it commits great havoc among their flocks, especially the sheep. When carrion is to be found in abundance the condors do not worry the domestic animals but should their supply run short they descend in bands of half a dozen or more to the valleys in search of prey.

Now the most natural way of ridding any place of theives of this character is by the gun, trap or poison. But the condor is exceedingly difficult to kill. In the first place no trap that was ever made would hold a condor, unless it was of such clumsy dimensions that the bird would not go near it. If the trap is staked to the ground it would brake the chain. Poison is no better for the bird's digestion is marvellous. If it eats poison meat it will eject it at once before it can do any harm. The gun is almost useless too for the vitality of this vulture is enormous. An explorer in South America records that he shot a condor fourteen times before he succeeded in killing it. Among the sheep herders cartridges are scarce and expensive while on the other hand condors are large and numerous.

A great writer on natural history tells a story of a man he met while travelling in Chili who showed him some of the outer pinion feathers, nearly two feet long, which he had taken from a condor's wing. This man killed a mule in a secluded part of a valley where he thought condors would be likely to come, and sure enough in a day or two a flock appeared. They gorged themselves on the carcase to their utmost extent. One huge fellow in


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 hunters could see that the mighty band was still moving swiftly on. The men shot until they were tired, and succeeded in killing many more than they could carry away. Toward sundown the last of the herd passed north, followed by an army of birds of prey, jackals, hyenas, and an occasional leopard. The wild animals were so intent upon killing the Spring Boks that for a while they seemed to leave each other alone, and a band of hyenas and jackals would be seen running almost within springing distance of a lion.

As a rule, the Spring Bok is rather a difficult animal to shoot. A hunter once spent a whole day trying to get within gun shot of a small herd. He knew that if they once got wind of, or caught sight of, him, the whole herd would vanish as if by magic. At length, after long waiting, he made his way to a rock from behind which he was able to take aim. Just as he was about to raise his rifle he noticed not a hundred yards away a movement in the grass, and before he could make out what was causing it a magnificent lion with a roar sprang out and brought down the largest buck of the herd. The hunter fired at the lion who, astonished at the noise, sprang up angrily from its prey and looked around. The shot evidently missed, for the lion seized the Spring Bok in its mouth and moved off, growling fiercely. In spite of all his efforts, the hunter failed to come within sight of the herd after that, and had to give up the chase.

Another hunter once managed to creep up quite close to where about a dozen Spring Boks were feeding. Suddenly he noticed that they were greatly excited evidently by something they could see in the grass. Presently a huge snake crept into sight. It was tossing its head from side to side, hissing venomously, and trying to escape. The hunter was curious to see what the animals would do, so he crouched down and watched. The Spring Boks all collected in a ring and then took turns in leaping in the air and bringing their four, sharp, pointed, hoofs down together upon the snake's back. The reptile struck out viciously but did not seem to injure the animals. Soon the hunter saw that the snake was bleeding and showing signs of weakness. Then all the animals joined in the fray leaping and dashing together over the spot where the snake lay. In a few minutes every spark of life had been trampled out of the great reptile.

The hunter, in his anxiety to see the struggle, had risen on his knees, when the leader saw him the herd instantly stampeded.

Although he did not get a shot, the hunter could rejoice at having seen the Spring Boks kill a snake in the way of which he had so often heard, and which had so often been dubbed as a lie.


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 STORIES OF THE ORANG-UTAN

Nearly all Museums throughout the United States contain stuffed specimens of the Orang-utan, but very few Zoos contain a live one, for the reason that the great ape is very difficult to catch, and moreover it does not live long when removed from its native home.

The orang-utan is found in the Island of Sumatra which, as you will see by the map, is next door to Java in the Malay Archipelago. This great island is one of a chain that joins Borneo and Siam to Australia.

In its native land the orang is often called the "Mias." This ape is enormous in bulk and strength. Its arms are nearly as long as its entire body. Being an ape it has no tail. Its fur is long and coarse, and is of a reddish tint. When seen in a strong light it looks fiery. Its jaw is very large and its brain space small in proportion to the size of the head. Its chest is a marvel of muscular strength.

Mr Wallace, the great English naturalist, was the first man to call attention to the orang, for he went out to Sumatra and studied the beast in its native haunts. Furthermore he is said to have been the first man to bring a live specimen to England.

In one way the orang is unlike any other large ape in that it builds a nest, or more properly speaking, a hammock of green-leaved boughs in which it sleeps. Now the gorilla is so fierce that very few animals can live near it, but this is not so in the case of the orang as it is not nearly as quarrelsome. Near its haunts numerous monkeys, small animals and birds are to be found.

Capturing the orang is a task which takes the utmost nerve and skill. In fact it is almost useless to try and get an old fellow, for by the time it is caged it is sure to have been mortally wounded in the struggle.

A traveller who had seen the natives of Sumatra tackle the orang in its native haunts gave this account of the fight. The party searched the forest for some time until they came upon an old male, its mate and a young one. The female, clutching her baby, scrambled off at once while the male formed the rear guard and prepared to beat off any attack. The huge creature was a terrible sight. It roared and beat its chest with its clenched fists – its fiery hair standing erect, a picture of diabolical fury.

The orang advanced upon its enemies and singling out one big fellow with a spear rushed upon him. The man stood his ground bravely enough but the beast was too quick for him, and seizing the stout spear broke it as though it were a twig and at the same time bit the man's left arm off. It then turned its attention to the others but was overcome by numbers. At last it fell dead after having been thrust through the body with spears.


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 The orang is never trapped for no man has yet succeeded in making a a trap that one will enter and at the same time be strong enough to hold it when its anger is aroused. No one would doubt this statement for a moment if they had ever beheld such a creature in a passion.

On another occasion a hunter, single handed, killed a mother orang with a clean rifle shot through the heart. A little orang was clinging to her breasts and crying like a human baby. He seized the youngster and started to make his way back but he had not gone far when he heard a crashing of branches behind him. He turned and saw that the male orang was hot upon his trail. He discovered to his alarm that an orang could swing itself along through the trees with nearly the same speed that he could run on foot. He had sense enough to drop the baby and fly. The orang paused to pick up the little one and this hampered its progress and allowed the hunter time to escape. A day later the hunter was anxious to return and see if he could find the baby orang again, but the natives begged him not to, for they told him that the chances of losing his life were much more numerous than those of getting his prize. As a matter of fact the male orang raged through the forest for several nights and filled the natives with the greatest fear.

The only thing that the orangs stand in terror of are the great snakes. On one occasion a pair of orangs left their young one sound asleep in their hammock and went off in search of food knowing that no small beast would dare touch it. But a mighty serpent who was travelling through the trees spied the baby and proceeded to steal it. Slowly but surely the snake crept closer to its prey until it was near enough to strike. Like lightning it wound its coils around the poor youngster. The most pitcous squeals were heard and soon there was a loud crashing of branches as the old orangs were hastening to the rescue. The snake heard them coming too and unwound its coils and allowed the baby to go loose, but it fell helplessly to the ground. The snake prepared to do battle, as well it might, for the orangs were close upon it. When they saw their baby stretched out their rage knew no bounds. With hoarse cries they advanced upon their enemy and a fight ensued which it is not often man's lot to witness. The noise was terrific. Troops of monkeys screaming in alarm, swung from the upper branches, while thousands of parrots and tropical birds wheeled above the tree tops adding their cries to the din. The snake struck the first blow and wound its coils around the mother orang, while with its head it endeavoured to keep the male off. But two to one gained the day. The male orang bleeding in half a dozen places at once, kept up the fight until it got the snake's head in its hands and then


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write with authority about another man we must have fellow-feeling and some common ground of experience with our subject. We may praise or blame according as we find him related to us by the best or worst in ourselves; but it is only in virtue of some relationship that we can be his judges, even to condemn. Feelings which we share and understand enter for us into the tissue of the man's character; those to which we are strangers in our own experience we are inclined to regard as blots exceptions, inconsistencies, and excursions of the diabolic; we conceive them with repugnance, explain them with difficulty, and raise our hands to heaven in wonder when we find them in conjunction with talents that we respect or virtues that we admire. David, king of Israel, would pass a sounder judgment on a man than either Nathaniel or David Hume. Now,


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  recent volume, although I believe no one will read it without respect and interest, has this one capital defect—that there is imperfect sympathy between the author and the subject, between the critic and the personality under criticism. Hence an inorganic, if not an incoherent, presentation of both the poems and the man. Of Holy Willie's Prayer, Principal Shairp remarks that "those who have loved most what was best in Burns's poetry must have regretted that it was ever written." To the Jolly Beggars, so far as my memory serves me, he refers but once; and then only to remark on the "strange, not to say painful," circumstance that the same hand which wrote the Cotter's Saturday Night should have stooped to write the Jolly Beggars. The Saturday Night may or may not be an admirable poem; but its significance is trebled, and the power and range of the poet first appears, when it is set beside the Jolly Beggars. To take a man's work piecemeal, except with the design of elegant extracts, is the way to avoid, and not to perform, the critic's duty. The same defect is displayed in the treatment of Burns as a man, which is broken, apologetical, and confused. The man here presented to us is not that Burns, teres atque rotundus—a burly figure in literature, as, from our present vantage of time, we have begun to see him. This, on the other hand,


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 The Otter, an aquatic and carnivorous animal, is found in many places in Europe and Asia. There are several varieties, all of them having great swimming and diving powers. They attain a length of two and a half feet, with a strong, thick tail, about half as long as the body; a broad, flat head; very short rounded cars, and the long body covered with beautiful chestnut fur. The legs are very short, but strong; the feet are not only webbed, but are armed with formidable claws. Indeed, in strength and agility, keen scent, acute hearing, and general cunning, the otter deserves a high rank among mammals. It is what boys would call a 'never-say-die animal;' so that an otter-hunt is a very attractive pursuit to men who do not object, after a long day's sport, to come home drenched to the skin, if not covered with mud, and perhaps without having killed an otter after all. For the otter always makes a brave struggle for freedom and life. When once it reaches its hole on the bank of the stream, it is not to be dislodged without heavy work while after it is dislodged, so sharp is it, that though the dogs are keenly on the watch, it again takes to the water like a flash of lightning, and the chase has to be begun all over again.

To ensure a successful otter-hunt, much depends upon the dogs. The true otter-hound is a hardy, rough-coated animal, nearly, two feet high, and very game. The hunters are armed with spears, and one can easily imagine that a great deal of shouting and yelling attends the chase.

The otter is very destructive to fish of all kinds, and it has the good taste to prefer a salmon if it can find one. It has also this peculiarity, that it kills and tears to pieces many more fish than it can devour, and also that it always eats the prime parts only, while it leaves the more worthless morsels to the kites and crows.

It is really a very inspiriting scene to see six or eight couples of wiry otter-hounds on a fine summer morning – for it is in summer that this sport is carried on. As the men of the party gather together the dogs cannot be prevented from showing their interest by yelps of pleasure; while the whip keeps them in order the hunters are ready to start.

A crowd of onlookers always collect in the background, armed with sticks and eager for sport. At a given signal off they go, the men on the riverbank hunting about among the bushes, hoping to see some trace of the otter, the dogs in the water eagerly sniffing about, when suddenly there is one prolonged shout – the otter has been seen, his round head just above water for a moment; but the next moment; a sudden plump is heard, and the agile creature has dived again, and every hound is after it, the men pursuing as


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Holy Willie's Prayer

 * "Holy Willie's Prayer", in The Beauties of Burn's Poems (1819), a chapbook printed in Falkirk
 * "Holy Willie's Prayer", in The Poetical Works of Robert Burns (1887), edited by Alexander Smith

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 becomes paralyzed with fear and allows its enemy to catch up. It is a curious fact that when a weasel has singled out a rabbit to chase, it will not touch the others, although it brushes quite close to them in the passages of the burrows.

Many people have wondered of what use to the rabbit is the little white fur which has given rise to the name "cotton-tail." The most likely reason for its existence is that at the sign of danger the parents dash off, and the white is a guide for the little ones. Everyone who has shot rabbits knows that it serves as a mark to aim at.

THE GUINEA-PIG.

Why the should have been so called is a puzzle, for it is not a pig at all, nor does it come from Guinea, but from South America. It is very brightly and irregularly colored, and very often has large dabs of orange, black, and white upon it.

GUINEA-PIG (⅓ Natural Size).

The guinea-pig breeds freely, but the young are very delicate for the first few days after they are born. This little animal is clean and docile, but stupid, and its intelligence is far below that of the rabbit. On the whole, the guinea-pig may be said to be practically of no use to man, as its flesh is too coarse for food, and its skin, owing to the slight manner in which the hair is attached, is of no value to the furrier.

The guinea-pig has always been a popular pet with children. It requires but little attention and will eat any kind of vegetable food.

The guinea-pig sometimes shows a spark of courage, if a cat or dog should come too near its young ones, but as its teeth are not sharp, it is practically unable to defend itself from enemies of any size.


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 WHALE HUNTING IN THE SEYCHELLE ISLANDS

The Seychelles are a group of islands lying off the cast coast of Africa, between Madagascar and the mouth of the Red Sea. These islands are not often visited, for they lie close to the Equator, and are out of the great trade routes. Many years ago the Seychelles were very important, as they were the headquarters of the whale ships. At certain seasons of the year the great sperm whale loves to swim in the warm seas on the outer edge of these islands, and consquently numbers of ships collect intent upon its capture.

A few years ago an American whaler put into the Seychelles for wood and water. While there she had a series of exciting adventures which I am sure you would like to hear about. When the ship had anchored a chief came out from the shore in his canoe and had a long talk with the captain. The chief declared that the vessel lay in a dangerous position, as a hurricane was coming up; so the captain with the help of scores of canoes manned by sturdy natives, who practically towed the ship along, went farther up the harbor into a sheltered cove.

In the afternoon a bank of dark clouds appeared on the horizon, and in a few hours, just as the chief had predicted a terrific hurricane was raging. The captain realized that if his ship had stayed where she had been, she would have been cast ashore and wrecked. Late the next day the hurricane blew itself out and the sun shone once more.

The captain sent for the chief, thanked him for his timely warning, and asked what he could do in return.

The chief promply replied, "Kill a whale for us, and we shall have food and oil for many moons."

Next day the ship sailed out accompanied by hundreds of canoes. The sea was still rough after the hurricane, but not a canoe was upset. The captain knew that whales do not like hurricanes any more than men, and that they come in for shelter between the islands where the water is calmer.

It was not long before the lookout at the mast head yelled "There she blows, whale on the starboard bow!"

Instantly all was excitement. The crew rapidly tumbled into their boats and in a few minutes they were clear of the davits.

The whale-boat is a very buoyant craft. It is double-ended so that it can be uged either forward or backward. The crew consists of four rowers, an officer who steers, and a harpooner who stands in the bow. The harpoon is a barbed headed instrument, and when it enters the whale's side it cannot be drawn out. To the harpoon is attached several thousand feet of strong line. This line is coiled in barrels and is placed in the bottom of the boat. The


text:
Broken Necks/The Imposter

The soft, crackle of the rain surrounded by umbrella. It is true. I now carry an umbrella. I find an increasing tendency when writing of myself to tell pleasant lies. And unless I watch closely the words I set down, the characteristics I describe or to which I confess pertain to a figure ten years younger than myself.

On this day as it rained I thought, "There are fewer and fewer things to do and places to visit in town." Then I recalled an old Jew who used to run a tin shop, in a Maxwell street basement. A delightful old man. Calm, white bearded, clever fingered. It was his habit to talk about God. He had been educated as a Rabbi in his youth. The sense of humor which often turns Jews into sardonic and pessimistic creatures had blown up the pious soul of the rabbinical youth.

On holidays I would sit in the clean and tiny flat behind his shop and he would talk. I recall some of his sentences. . .. "I watch people in the street. They run around like little bugs. And when somebody or something steps on them they roll over on their backs and that is the end." Again I remember. "What do you suppose God is? A dream men have made up so as not to be afraid of sleep. Sleep is too dark, yes? We will fall asleep some time and have beautiful dreams. They say this to each other and feel better. . . .? One day he said to me: "How can anyone be angry or excited? Stop to think, and what happens? You always smile. I am happy because my mind tells me life is nothing and there is nothing important enough in the world to make me unhappy."

It was raining and I walked curiously in Maxwell street, looking for a basement tin shop again. Years had passed. The street vaguely reminded me of an old suit I had once worn. Perhaps the old tinsmith had died. But he had had a wife, a stout woman ten or fifteen years younger than himself. A round face, small, twinkling black eyes and compressed lips, as if she were always on the verge of saying something. But I remembered her as a silent woman.

The place was where I left it almost eight years ago. The steps leading down from the sidewalk wabbled a bit more as I walked on them. And the old man was sitting behind his bench dozing.

He woke as I greeted him in Yiddish.

"Hello, Reb Duvid; come away from your dreams."

He had allowed these familiarities because my Yiddish, remembered from an embattled ghetto childhood, contained only profane or scurrilous phrases. The old man opened his eyes and looked at me with a frown.

"Eh... eh?" he grunted. I saw he thought I was a customer.

"What do you want?" he asked.

"Don’t you remember me, Reb Duvid?"

He drew a pair of specs from his work apron and fitted them on his nose. After regarding me for a minute, he shook his head.

"Do you want something?" he repeated.

"We used to be friends," I persisted. "Long ago. Eight years."

"Ai yai," he clucked his tongue. "So it is you? Ai yai."

"Well, you haven’t changed much," I began.

He continued to cluck and wag his head as he came from behind the counter.

"How is your father and mother?" he inquired. I looked at him with surprise. I was certain I had never mentioned my family to him.

"Very fine," I answered. "And with you, how goes it?"

"Hm, all right." He paused and stared at me again. "You... you want something?" he asked with a puzzled expression.

"Evidently you don’t remember me," I explained.

He stroked his beard and pouted his old lips.

"It seems to me I do, and it seems to me I don’t," he answered.

I explained to him my visits years ago and recalled our talks. He listened and nodded.

"That was before my wife died," he agreed. "Yes, I used to have the shop here. I’ve been here now for sixteen years. Eight years ago I was here, too."

"And I don’t exist in your mind?" I pursued.

"It is some mistake," he smiled hopefully. "There is another man who has a tin shop on the other side of the street. He makes keys, too. I don’t make keys. There is no money in it. Maybe it’s that man."

I nodded as if agreeing.

"Yes, maybe I have made a mistake. But wait a minute. Perhaps you will remember when I say that I always called you Reb Duvid. It’s not your name, but..."

"Names I have had called me so much,” he answered, "that how can I remember one more than the other. It must be across the street you want him."

"Thanks," I said. "I'll try across the street. Goodbye. I'm sorry I woke you up from your dreams, Reb Duvid."

"Ai, yai," he clucked, smiled and returned to his chair behind the work counter. I watched him as I opened the door. His bearded face was again lowered, his eyes closed and a smile over his lips. He was almost dozing.

The rain crackled softly around my umbrella once more.

"He's forgotten me," I thought, feeling more and more surprised over the misadventure. "This is curious. I remember almost every word of his talk and mine eight years ago. And to him I am part of a blur that includes customers, store, windows, rainfall. I felt like a dead man when I was talking to him now. He looked at me and said: "You are wrong, you never existed."

I was walking rather pensively down the street when I noticed the sign of a tin shop. I stopped in front of it and stared into the gloomy basement interior. An old man with a white beard was puttering around. Curiosity led me down the steps. The old man, bent and shrivelled, looked up as I opened the door. His rheumy eyes watered, his hand shook.

"Ah, hello, hello?" he exclaimed in a hoarsened voice. "My old friend. Well, well, come in. Where have you been? Ai, how many times I've thought of you."

I stood looking at him. It was incredible. There was no vestige of my old friend the tinsmith in this figure. His face, body and voice had changed as if a new man had entered. As I shook hands with him he grew more and more unfamiliar. I felt there must be some involved mistake. I sat for a half hour with him in the tiny flat back of the shop, listening to his talk. And despite all logic and fact, I continued to feel a curious sense of loss as he talked. Somehow the dreamy old white-bearded one who didn't know me remained in my mind the friend of my youth for whom I had been seeking. And this garrulous old woman, bent and trembling with age—a strange imposter.

title: Broken Necks/The Imposter


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BY

EDWARD THOMAS

OXFORD

AT THE CLARENDON PRESS

1911


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Broken Necks/My Last Park Bench

There is always one drama in people’s heads. They are older than they were and this fact is like a cello accompaniment to the inner and outer noises of the day.

On a leisurly spring afternoon I find it difficult to avoid turning into the boulevard. And once in this wide avenue a species of perfunctory gayety overtakes me. As I walk I notice my body and mind imitating memories of themselves.

In short, I grow younger. And this is a phenomenon I find full of pathos. For to "grow younger" means to mimic for a few moments the always enviable past, to taunt one’s self with the illusion of immortality, to jingle imaginary coins in one’s pockets.

Walking in the avenue, I look up at the buildings which no longer interest me, I invent similies for the window rows and the high rooftops. I notice once more the perspective trick which causes the buildings to seem wider at the crest than they do at the base, and that as I walk away looking back over my shoulder the skyscrapers in the distance expand slowly in size instead of decrease.

And finally I cross the street and enter Grant Park. The gesture strikes me as a bit of plagiarism. This was once part of a romantic routine—to sit on one of the green benches above the I. C. tracks and confront the city and think: "The buildings look like the backdrop in a melodrama," and then to enjoy the two-dimensional vista of Michigan avenue by transplanting it into an imagistic world.

All this I recall musingly. And as if to recapture the flavor of those days, I begin once more. . . . The People’s Gas building looks like a massive aquarium. One almost waits for fish to swim past the windows. The Wrigley tower looks like a Polish wedding cake. At night the Blackstone looks like a lantern hanging out of the dark sky. The automobiles moving down the avenue look like a procession of silk hats. The difference between man and Nature is that fifty feet away even a bank president becomes a shapeless, meaningless piece of fabric and a tree becomes more significantly a tree the farther one leaves it behind.

In the midst of such aimless thinking I stop and wonder what has become of all the metaphors with which I have entertained myself on this bench in the park. A few of them have gone into books and a few more into conversation. But most of them have gone nowhere. I cannot even now remember them. I recall thinking how clever they were and even important, and I stare intensely again at the scene which engendered them.

New thoughts arise almost automatically in my mind. Like two well-trained animals, the phrases in one's head continue the performance with the curtain down and the footlights out.

"It is no more than a foolish waste of time to sit here," I think. "The cinders are filling my shirt. My eyes are getting full of dust. My linen will be ruined and I will need a new shine on my shoes. It would be much more intelligent to put an end to this game of pretending the city panorama fascinates me as it once did."

This confession is painful, for as I make it I recall the glow and excitement with which I once stared at this scene. I forget the many new and perhaps more important preoccupations of the present.

"Don't be a sentimental ass," I think; "you are no longer writing imagistic sketches for the Little Review. You have quite outgrown that. You are now a belligerent philosopher, not to say a scientist. Very remarkable and far-reaching human phenomena now engage your attention."

Futile reassurance. What was there more charming than the casual, pointless and limited enthusiams of youth? How much better off one is when one's mind, beginning to emerge from the darkness into which all minds are born, indulges in its first bombastic caracolings; when the phrases it invents seem vastly more important than the life which inspires them. All one's fancies at this time seem mysteriously vital and pregnant. And, like Narcissus, one kneels and stares fascinatedly into the unfolding wonders of one's mind.

These things I do not entirely figure out sitting on the bench. For several minutes' walking across the park and sitting down in the familiar place made me feel younger. Now I am paying the penalty for this dishonestly purchased youth. But, being entirely human, I manage to feel depressed over quite the wrong thing—the lesser qualities of the new 'younger generation,' for instance, or the comparative dullness of the recent literary revolts.

"You will be able to write this tenuous incident in a pleasant and satisfactory manner," I smile to myself. "And on the whole your work is improving. For as you grow older you acquire something in common with the humanities—a quality you have always rather lacked. You share a vast and human nostalgia for outlived selves. Behind the excitement of your critical intolerance the orchestra is beginning to play Auld Lang Syne and the effect is rather charming. You are, as a matter of fact, still younger than all but two of the 'newest' novelists and this pensiveness is, therefore, a pose which becomes you rather than betrays you."

With this in mind, I prepare to depart. A voice interrupts me. A young man who has sat down next to me is talking. He is a bit embarrassed and the eagerness of his manner is slightly confusing.

"Excuse me," he says. "I would like to ask you a question."

Feeling mistakenly flattered at being recognized, I nod. Whereat this young man continues:

"I was wondering why people come to sit alone on benches like this. You see, I’m a writer and I sometimes get curious about what people really have in their heads when they sit like you’ve been sitting, looking at the city. I’ve been looking at you for some time and wondering what sort of a man you were. Do you mind telling me what sort of work you do and—"

The young man pauses, an ingratiating smile on his face. For the moment I feel an impulse to talk, to match epigrams with him and smiles. But, I think it will be a better plan for him if I merely get up and walk away with an enigmatic expression on my face. And this I do.

I catch a glimpse of him following me with his eyes, excited, damn him, over the mystery and romance which lurk in every corner of the city, even on a cinder-covered bench in Grant Park. Let him sit till doom’s day on this bench; he will never see me again. I have more important things to do than to collect cinders under my collar.

title: Broken Necks/My Last Park Bench


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my gratitude to Lady Gregory, Mrs. A. W. Hutton, Dr. P. W. Joyce and Eugene O'Curry's publishers, Messrs. Williams & Norgate, for their permission to use the following books:—

Cuchulain of Muirthemne, by Augusta Gregory. (Murray.)

The Tain, by Mary Hutton. (Maunsel & Co.)

Old Celtic Romances, by P. W. Joyce. (Longmans, Green & Co.)

Manners and Customs of the Ancient Irish, by Eugene O'Curry. (Williams & Norgate.)

Dr. Joyce has allowed me to make an adaptation of his 'Fairy Palace of the Quicken Trees', which I have called 'The Palace of the Mountain Ash Trees'. 'The Land of Youth' is based chiefly on Professor O'Looney's rendering of a poem on Oisin in Tir-nan-oge ('Transactions of the Ossianic Society'). I have also had very great pleasure, and not a little help, in writing these Celtic tales, from reading Dr. Kuno Meyer's Ancient Irish Poetry (Constable). My debt to Lady Charlotte Guest's Mabinogion is as plain as it is huge. But those who read this book will not have read hers, while many if not all who have read mine will very soon afterward read hers: so that if I am an insolvent debtor at least I am no thief.

The spelling of some of the chief names in these stories has been changed so that English children may at once be able to pronounce them, as Uspathadden Penkower for Yspaddaden Pencawr. I hope this will give no trouble to bilingual Welsh children.

EDWARD THOMAS.


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 related the scene of Dunbayne cavern, her cheek grew pale, and she relapsed into a fainting fit. This circumstance alarmed the penetration of the Countess; but the known weakness of her daughter's frame appeared a probable cause of the disorder, and repressed her first apprehension. It gave to Alleyn a mixed delight of hope and fear, such as he had never known before; for the first time dared to acknowledge to his own heart that he loved, and that heart for the first time thrilled with the hope of being loved again.

He received from the Countess, the warm overflowings of a heart grateful for the preservation of its child, and from Mary a blush which spoke more than her tongue could utter. But the minds of all were involved in the utmost perplexity concerning the rank and the identity of the author of the plan nor could they discover any clue which would lead them through this intricate maze of wonder, to the villain who had fabricated so diabolical a scheme. Their suspicions, at length, rested upon the Baron Malcolm, and this supposition was confirmed by the appearance of the horsemen, who evidently acted only as the agents of superior power. Their conjectures were indeed just. Malcolm was the author of the scheme. It had been planned, and he had given orders to his people to execute it long before the Earl fell into his hands. They had, however, found no opportunity of accomplishing the design when the castle was surprized, and in the consequent tumult of his mind, the Baron had forgot to withdraw his orders.

Alleyn expressed his design of collecting the small remnant of his friends, and uniting with the clan in attempting the rescue of the Earl. "Noble youth," exclaimed the Countess, unable longer to repress her admiration, "how can I ever repay your generous services! Am I then to receive both my children at your hands? Go—my clan are now collecting for a second attempt upon the walls of Dunbayne,—go! lead them to conquest, and restore to me my son."


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 national debt upon their armies, which were to them the security our Navy is to us! We never questioned their right to put the whole population under arms. How could they in turn object to our maintaining a Navy—upon which our existence depends—equal, if necessary, to that of the world combined? In fact such a necessity had been recognised by a ruler of the country we were now fighting against. Napoleon III. said once to some peevish complaints we made as to his building ironclads, "Let each build what he considers the right number; you ought to have twice as many as I, for they are your principal protection."

If we wished to maintain thirty ironclads in the Mediterranean, why should any other question but that of our own interests be considered?

By such cogent arguments the excuses of the administration were pulverised, and it fell ignominiously. But no political change could avert dire distress. It was only natural that a state of war should dislocate that immense traffic over sea on which we depend daily for so much food. Only the year before, half a million tons of meat—independent of live stock—had been received from abroad. Just stop the importation of wheat for a month, or reduce it by half, as now actually occurred, and note the effect of a dear loaf. Successful war means much misery and great expenditure. An unsuccessful struggle brings horrors untold, and these we soon began to experience. We had to


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 pass through a fiery ordeal of trouble before the good qualities of the nation asserted themselves, and the bulk of the population rallied to the side of law and order.

Our disasters were not limited to home waters. An expedition from Brest, which left the day after war was declared, captured Dominica and St. Lucia in the West Indies before we had time to strengthen our squadron in that part.

The Mediterranean being now abandoned by the British flag, and it being evident that for a month or two we could not appear there in force, an army was embarked at Marseilles and landing in Aboukir Bay under cover of the fleet, had no difficulty in overcoming the resistance of the English force of occupation, hampered as it was by the hardly concealed hostility of the native officials.

In less than a month our boasted naval supremacy was in jeopardy, and Russia now seized the opportunity to demand an unrestricted right of way from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean. Turkey protested, but could get no promise of support from the other Powers. An unfortunate mistake in one of the forts of the Bosphorus firing upon a Russian vessel proceeding to Constantinople with despatches, gave the pretext needed.

Disclaiming all intention of deposing the Sultan from his capital, but asserting that the channel must be rendered secure, Russia embarked a force of 20,000 troops at Sebastopol and Odessa. For


text: The Surnames of the Chinese in America/Merchant's Sons


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 years the scheme had been maturing and practised on a small scale. It now only needed for success that the intervening sea should be secure. Of this there could be no doubt. The Russian fleet in the Black Sea had been made vastly superior to the long neglected Navy of Turkey. Escorted by five powerful ironclads and numerous torpedo boats, the Russian expedition left the Crimea for the Bosphorus. It had often been asserted that the next war between Russia and Turkey would see a coup de main on Constantinople by an expedition landed at Kilios Bay, which is on the same side of the Bosphorus, and a few miles north of the entrance. But on this occasion a different policy was adopted. A foothold on the other side would be equally advantageous, without having such an alarming effect upon Europe. The great dream of Russia is to extend over the rich and fertile country of Asia Minor. Thus the last war saw her add a sensible slice, including Kars and Batoum, to her dominions. With possession of the greater portion of Asiatic Turkey, it would be a comparative matter of indifference as to who was the actual occupant of Constantinople. That would come in due course. Indeed, Constantinople is practically fed from Asia Minor. Russia was thus able to give Austria an assurance that she had no design upon that city.

In thirty-six hours the force arrived off Kili Point, which is about 20 miles from the Asiatic side


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 Laborers.

It is necessary that every Chinese laborer residing within the United States shall have a proper certificate of residence.

Any registered Chinese laborer who has a lawful wife, child, or parent in the United States, or property therein of the value of 1,000, or debts of like amount due him and pending settlement, may depart from the United States and return on complying with the following conditions:

A Chinese registered laborer, claiming the right to be permitted to leave the United States and return thereto, shall apply in person to the officer of the Chinese Bureau in charge of the District in which he resides at least one month prior to his departure. He shall deposit with this officer his Certificate of Registration, and shall make on oath to the officer in charge, in writing, a full statement descriptive of his family, or property, or debts. He must fully describe himself—giving his family and given names, age, height, local residence, occupation, color of eyes, complexion, and distinguishing marks, if any, and the port in the United States from which he expects to depart. Such written description shall be filed in duplicate, and a photograph of applicant shall be permanently attached thereto. Photographs of applicant should be furnished, giving full front and profile views.

Such registered laborer must also furnish such proofs sustaining this application, either in the form of oral or written testimony, which shall satisfy the officer in charge.

華工

凡居美國華工每湏取註合例册紙一張

凡經註册者若有合例之妻或女或子或父或母或實 業値銀一千元或未結妥之次數值艮一千元者准其由美回華由華返美

凡經註册之華工例准其由 美囘華由華返美者欲取護照限先一月到居住地方工商部處掛號須將其册紙繳存工商部按當並 寫明憑據或家眷或產業或欠項若干 一一能矢誓無虛並列明其之姓名年 歲身材高低住址工藝面目顔色以及 所有異相可認之記號並欲由美國某 港口出境等情繕備兩張每張貼其人 之原照正面與側面相頭各一

巳 [sic]上 各憑據必湏其人自爲繕備以呈工商 部委員詳查


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 of the mouth of the Bosphorus, The landing began at seven the next morning and was effected with little opposition. A small force of Turks that had been hurriedly collected to oppose the disembarkation, was repulsed by the advance guard, and by ten that night the whole of the army and the stores were on shore. This operation was in fact a complete surprise, for the Turks had a large army in readiness on the opposite side and were without the means of rapidly transferring it across the water.

Leaving a strongly entrenched camp at the point of embarkation, a Russian flying column, 5000 strong, marched rapidly towards the Bosphorus, and occupied without difficulty the forts on that side commanding the entrance. In the meantime reinforcements kept arriving from Batoum and other Russian ports.

These rapid measures practically put Turkey at her mercy, and Austria grew alarmed. An appeal to Germany was promptly responded to, and the growing feeling in Italy that assistance should be offered to England, added to the probability that the whole of Europe would soon be in a blaze.

The difference between good and bad organisation was then apparent. To mobilise an army on the Continent may precipitate a conflict, and affects the entire nation to such an extent that it is only adopted as a last resort. A fleet may be equipped,


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 or an existing one strengthened, without disturbing to any great degree the national life. It need not also awaken suspicion.

Among the many surprises which this war brought was the promptitude with which a German fleet was assembled at Kiel; and the way in which it afterwards carried out certain operations in the Baltic was a matter of general comment. An English officer, who was invited by the Emperor to accompany him on his inspection of the squadron, was much struck with the high state of discipline maintained and the thorough manner in which everything was done. There was no playing at soldiers or sailors. A high standard was exacted from all, and if any failed to come up to it, he was at once put aside. As the Emperor laughingly said to his guest, "Germany can't afford to have indifferent officers."

Whilst these events were taking place, our immense resources and innate aptitude for naval warfare had begun to bear fruit. By dint of great exertions and utilising all the great private establishments of the country, we were collecting a fleet such as the world had never seen. The nation responded nobly to the call. Money and men were forthcoming to any extent, but ironclads could not be produced in a few months. We regretted now that so little had been done to keep the older ones ready for service, as the appearance


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 of a second squadron of twenty ships early in the war would have turned the scale.

While thus about to make a great effort, the three central Powers interposed with an offer to negotiate, plainly intimating that they were not disposed to allow the struggle to continue, and remain as spectators. An armistice of three months was agreed to, which led to peace being arranged by a congress at Vienna.

We consented to place Egypt under international control, and some other minor points were conceded. The Russian frontier in Asia was extended to Sinope, while the fortifications of the Dardanelles were demolished, and the waterway neutralised. It was henceforth to be free to all shipping.

After all, these were trivial matters compared with what we had suffered in one month from our want of organisation and preparation. A battle may be lost without disgrace, and though we had to mourn many gallant sailors, it is what war inevitably brings. It was galling to the national pride, which, if it believed in anything, believed in the invincibility of the British Navy, to find that we had no monopoly of able officers and seamen. But the feeling produced by such thoughts disappears in the determination to improve. What could not be mended was the check our boasted commerce had received. At one time our carrying trade was almost entirely stopped, the rates of insurance having increased so alarmingly. Many


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 1898.] cabin—the only safe place in the ship. The steward, Abraham, however, persisted in clinging to his berth, stupidly, like a mule—from sheer fright I believe, like an animal that won't leave a stable falling in an earthquake. So we went to look for him. It was chancing death, since once out of our lashings we were as exposed as if on a raft. But we went. The house was shattered as if a shell had exploded inside. Most of it had gone overboard—stove, men's quarters, and their property, all was gone; but two posts, holding a portion of the bulkhead to which Abraham's bunk was attached, remained as if by a miracle. We groped in the ruins and came upon this, and there he was, sitting in his bunk, surrounded by foam and wreckage, jabbering cheerfully to himself. He was out of his mind, completely and for ever mad, with this sudden shock coming upon the fag-end of his endurance. We snatched him up, lugged him aft, and pitched him head-first down the cabin companion. You understand there was no time to carry him down with infinite precautions and wait to see how he got on. Those below would pick him up at the bottom of the stairs all right. We were in a hurry to go back to the pumps. That business could not wait. A bad leak is an inhuman thing.

"One would think that the sole purpose of that fiendish gale had been to make a lunatic of that poor devil of a mulatto. It eased before morning, and next day the sky cleared, and as the sea went down the leak took up. When it came to bending a fresh set of sails the crew demanded to put back—and really there was nothing else to do. Boats gone, decks swept clean, cabin gutted, men without a stitch but what they stood in, stores spoiled, ship strained. We put her head for home, and—would you believe it? The wind came east right in our teeth. It blew fresh, it blew continuously. We had to beat up every inch of the way, but she did not leak so badly, the water keeping comparatively smooth. Two hours' pumping in every four is no joke—but it kept her afloat as far as Falmouth.

"The good people there live on casualties of the sea, and no doubt were glad to see us. A hungry crowd of shipwrights sharpened their chisels at the sight of that carcass of a ship. And, by Jove! they had pretty pickings off us before they were done. I fancy the owner was already in a tight place. There were delays. Then it was decided to take part of the cargo out and caulk her topsides. This was done, the repairs finished, cargo reshipped; a new crew came on board, and we went out—for Bankok. At the end of a week we were back again. The crew said they weren't going to Bankok—a hundred and fifty days' passage—in a something hooker that wanted pumping eight hours out of the twenty-four; and the nautical papers inserted again the little paragraph: 'Judea. Barque. Tyne to Bankok; coals; put back to Falmouth leaky and with crew refusing duty.'

"There were more delays—more tinkering. The owner came down for a day, and said she was as right as a little fiddle. Poor old Captain Beard looked like the ghost of a Geordie skipper—through the worry and humiliation of it. Remember he was sixty, and it was his first command. Mahon said it was a foolish business, and would end badly. I loved the ship more than ever, and wanted awfully to get to Bankok. To Bankok! Magic name, blessed name. Mesopotamia wasn't a patch on it. Remember I was twenty, and it was my first


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 vessels were sold at almost a nominal figure, and after the war it was curious to see the number of British built ships running under another flag. It has been calculated that this brief period of war cost us more than if we had added ten millions to the naval estimates every year since the Crimean war.

The struggle left us sensibly poorer, but chastened in spirit. A great change came over the nation. We now recognise the highest duty of man is not the accumulation of wealth, but the defence of country. Riches are no longer the principal qualification for the upper chamber of our legislature. Though trade is encouraged, the nobility has a higher aim than city offices and public companies. Above all, we have seriously considered how the Empire should be defended, and the land and sea forces organised for our special requirements. The Army underwent great changes. A broad line separates the force maintained for home defence and that for foreign service. All places that could be approached by sea were placed under naval control, and one authority has entire charge of the defences. No person is now detailed to administer a great service as a reward for party allegiance, and the next great qualification for which, formerly, appeared to be entire ignorance of the duties. It had been assumed that any knowledge of details was unnecessary, and moreover tended to obscure the broad


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 The right to return to the United States shall be exercised within one year from the date of departure: but such right to return may be extended for an additional period, not to exceed one year, in cases where, by reason of sickness or other cases of disability beyond his control, he has been unable sooner to return. These facts shall be fully reported to the Chinese Consul-General at the port of departure, and by him certified, to the satisfaction of the Commissioner of Immigration of the port at which such laborer shall land, accompanied by a certificate and report from the United States Consular officer at the foreign port at which said laborer embarked for the United States. This certificate and report must state that the Consular officer has investigated the statements of said laborer, and believes that he was unavoidably detained for the reason stated, and must precede the certificate and report of the Chinese Consul General.

$1,000 on term deposit in a bank; $1,000 worth of real or personal property; debts due to the amount of $1,000 and unsettled, and not promissory notes or other similar acknowledgment of ascertained liability, are just claims for a return certificate.

Ordinary ascertained bank accounts are debts due and owing. Open and running book accounts are now considered "pending settlement" and are held to be unascertained and unsettled, and both are just claims for a return certificate.

Chinese registered as merchants, and subsequently becoming laborers, cannot secure a return certificate as a laborer.

Chinese laborers who are visiting China may, not to exceed 100 days prior to their return, file a request with the Commissioner of Immigration at the port of their departure from the United States, that his status be inquired into. An investigation will be made, and if the status of his application remains the same as at the time of departure from the United States they will be notified and will be permitted to land immediately upon their return to the United States.

凡經註册之華工帶有護照出境限一年内要復回美國如該華工遇有疾病或遇不能趨避之事阻滯 可將實情禀報日前出境處之華人領事官給回憑據照會管理外人入境委員展限一年該華工依期 回美時將其護照與駐中國美領事及駐美國華領事照會展限一年之憑據繳查明白自必准其登岸 復居美國

凡經註册之華工有銀一千員寄貯於銀行或有身家物業值銀一千員或有未結妥之欠 項銀一千員以及在銀行日逐進支之數存下未結妥者值銀一千員俱可作取華囘返美之護照憑據

凡照依一千八百九十二年 所成之例註册之華工可不 須再照依一千八百九十三 年補正之例註冊然後取囘 華返美護照

凡註冊之華商後來轉作華 工其不能取華工囘華返美 之護照

凡已執護照出境之華工欲 回美國若預早一百日内禀 知其日前出境處之管理外 人入境委員預爲查明至到 步時可即准登岸以免阻留


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 失册再註

凡華人寄居於美國者應有註册護照一張若遇其註册護照失去例准報關填補但該華 人須將其失册之緣由禀知管理外人入境總委員俾得查實確係偶遇着不得已之事以致失其册紙 方准再填

凡華人欲入禀寄華盛頓京都管理外人入境總委員求情再給册紙者其禀須照下開列各要端做去 方爲合例

 * 1) 一叙明失去册紙之號數
 * 2) 二此册係照一千八百九十二年五月五號所定之禁例發給者抑或照一千八百九十三年十一月三號所定之增補禁例發給者
 * 3) 三註冊時之年月日期如有忘記則要想出大約近似
 * 4) 四註册時該華人所作何工在何處做工
 * 5) 五現時該華人之年歲面目皮色以及有無痣痕
 * 6) 六失册之年月日期因何緣故何處失去該華人現居何處並錄其代理律師之門牌住址
 * 7) 七知該華人失册各証人之口供務須曾親見其册或確知失册之緣由
 * 8) 八該華人須自備二寸丁方原照軟相二只繳呈一爲貼在補册之上一存在工商部處

凡華人註册護照湏要該原人自爲珍存篋内或擕帶身上如放置別處一被關員搜去係歸交工商部 委員收貯其人不得取回或有將其註册護照向押舖按當銀両或交魚濕工頭等情一經搜出卽將廢 爲枯紙

凡華人遇有註册護照失去湏速報知工商部求情再爲補給若有遲延不報恐被拘拿撥囘 原籍


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Page:Blackwood's Magazine volume 164.djvu/334

 316 second mate's billet, and the East was waiting for me.

"We went out and anchored in the outer roads with a fresh crew—the third. She leaked worse than ever. It was as if those confounded shipwrights had actually made a hole in her. This time we did not even go outside. The crew simply refused to man the windlass.

"They towed us back to the inner harbour, and we became a fixture, a feature, an institution of the place. People pointed us out to visitors as 'That 'ere barque that's going to Bankok—has been here six months—put back three times.' On holidays the small boys pulling about in boats would hail, 'Judea, ahoy!' and if a head showed above the rail shouted, 'Where you bound to?—Bankok?' and jeered. We were only three on board. The poor old skipper mooned in the cabin, Mahon un-dertook the cooking, and unexpectedly developed all a Frenchman's genius for preparing nice little messes. I looked languidly after the rigging. We became citizens of Falmouth. Every shopkeeper knew us. At the barber's or tobacconist's they asked familiarly, 'Do you think you will ever get to Bankok?' Meantime the owner, the underwriters, and the charterers squabbled amongst themselves in London, and our pay went on. … Pass the bottle.

"It was horrid. Morally it was worse than pumping for life. It seemed as though we had been forgotten by the world, belonged to nobody, would get nowhere; it seemed that, as if bewitched, we would have to live for ever and ever in that inner harbour, a derision and a byword to generations of long-shore loafers and dishonest boatmen. I obtained three months' pay and a five days' leave, and went to London. It took me a day to get there and pretty well another to come back—but three months' pay went all the same. I don't know what I did with it. I went to a music-hall, I believe, lunched, dined, and supped in a swell place in Regent Street, and was back to time, with nothing but a complete set of Byron's works and a new railway rug to show for three months' work. The boatman who pulled me off to the ship said: 'Hallo! I thought you had left the old thing. She will never get to Bankok.' 'That's all you know about it,' I said, scornfully—but I didn't like that prophecy at all.

"Suddenly a man, some kind of agent to somebody, appeared with full powers. He had grog-blossoms all over his face, an indomitable energy, and was a jolly soul. We leaped into life again. A hulk came alongside, took our cargo, and then we went into dry dock to get our copper stripped. No wonder she leaked. The poor thing, strained beyond endurance by the gale, had, as if in disgust, spat out all the oakum of her lower seams. She was recaulked, new coppered, and made as tight as a bottle. We went back to the hulk and reshipped our cargo.

"Then, on a fine moonlight night, all the rats left the ship.

"We had been infested with them. They destroyed our sails, consumed more stores than the crew, affably shared our beds and our dangers, and now, when the ship was made seaworthy, concluded to clear out. I called Mahon to enjoy the spectacle. Rat after rat appeared on our rail, took a last look over his shoulder at the decks, and leaped with a thud into the empty hulk. We tried to count them, but soon lost the tale. Mahon said: 'Well, well! don't talk to me about the


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Page:California Digital Library (IA surnamesofchines00jone).pdf/51

 Duplicate Certificates of Residence.

Every Chinese resident of the United States should be possessed of a certificate of registration, and, if not, then good and sufficient proofs why he is without it.

Duplicate certificates of residence shall be issued only upon satisfactory proof to the CommisionerCommissioner [sic] General of Immigration that the Chinese person upon whose behalf application therefor is made has actually, by unavoidable accident, lost his original certificate.

Applications for duplicate certificates of residence made under said rule should therefore be addressed to the Commissioner General of Immigration, Department of Commerce and Labor, Washington, D. C., should be sworn to, and should contain the following data:

 Number of original certificate of residence, if obtainable.  Whether issued under Act approved May 5, 1892, or the Act approved November 3, 1893, amendatory thereof.  Place and, at least approximate, date of issue.  Applicant's place of residence and occupation at time of issuance of original certificate.  Applicant's present age, exact height, the color of his eyes and complexion, and any physical marks or peculiarities that would aid in his identification.  A statement of the circumstances under which original certificate was lost, including date, place, and every detail of such loss. Name, address (self), with attorney for reference.
 Affidavits of witnesses familiar, of their own personal knowledge, with the circumstances of the loss.

 Two unmounted photographs of applicant, about 2×2 inches in size—one to be attached to the duplicate, if issued, the other to be retained in the files of the Bureau.

Certificates of residence issued to Chinese registered laborers, if found elsewhere than in their possession, shall be taken up and deposited with the Commissioner of Immigration subject to the orders of the Department. Certificates of residence deposited with contractors as securities for loans or for appearance at canneries are liable to cancellation.

Pawning of registration certificates is an improper use of them, for a purpose for which they were not issued. Such certificates, when found in the possession of persons other than those to whom issued, will be taken up by the officers of the Government and canceled.

If your certificate is lost, make application for a duplicate at once, as you are liable to deportation.

Because of the various spellings given on certificates, it is often difficult to locate the names on the register in Washington, causing much delay and sometimes failure to issue a duplicate. It is advisable, therefore, that the certificate on page 22 of this book, giving various spellings of same name, should accompany each application.

凡華人姓名各有土音不同所串之英字寄至華盛頓工商部或有前後不符因候查核常有阻碍

凡做 禀者宜照本書之第二十二頁取擇串字之法方爲合用


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 view which a man unembarrassed with any such knowledge was likely to take upon the larger questions submitted to him.

Great progress has been made in the organisation of our fleet for war, and if we don't muster periodically a hundred ships for a royal inspection, we can at least despatch a fifth of the number at any time within a few hours, actually ready for service. To ensure this, each port is ordered to mobilise the reserve at different and uncertain periods of the year. Instant dismissal of the responsible official follows any breakdown or delay. A commission on manning the Navy ascertained that the present system of reserves, though well adapted for the time it was instituted, is quite unsuited for the present conditions. Thirty years ago, little was required to enable a seafaring man to perform all the duties on board a man-of-war. Now he must be well trained, and this is effected by entering men in the Navy for a shortened term of service, and passing them on to the mercantile marine, with an immense gain to both services.

Finally the lesson, though bitter, has been a useful one, for we now should not shrink from any scrutiny into our organisation for war. We have paid the penalty for unreadiness, and one of the comforts we have, in reflecting over the great sea fight, independent of the many gallant actions it produced, is that the Empire is more firmly knit together than ever. We not only feel secure at


text: The Surnames of the Chinese in America/Duplicate Certificates of Residence


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 home, but know that at the next trumpet call thousands of hands across the sea will be ready to aid the old country against any future attempt such as I have here endeavoured to describe.


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 1898.] intelligence of rats. They ought to have left before, when we had that narrow squeak from foundering. There you have the proof how silly is the superstition about them. They leave a good ship for an old rotten hulk, where there is nothing to eat, too, the fools! … I don't believe they know what is safe or what is good for them, any more than you or I.'

"And after some more talk we agreed that the wisdom of rats had been grossly overrated, being in fact no greater than that of men.

"The story of the ship was known, by this, all up the Channel from Land's End to the Forelands, and we could get no crew on the south coast. They sent us one all complete from Liverpool, and we left once more—for Bankok.

"We had fair breezes, smooth water right into the tropics, and the old Judea lumbered along in the sunshine. When she went eight knots everything cracked aloft, and we tied our caps to our heads. But mostly she strolled on at the rate of three miles an hour. What could you expect? She was tired—that old ship. Her youth was where mine is—where yours is—you fellows who listen to this yarn. And what friend would throw your years and your weariness in your face? We didn't grumble at her. To us aft, at least, it seemed as though we had been born in her, reared in her, had lived in her for ages, had never known any other ship. I would just as soon have abused the old village church at home for not being a cathedral.

"And for me there was also youth to make me patient. There was all the East before me, and all life, and the thought that I had been tried in that ship and had come out pretty well. And I thought of men of old who, centuries ago, went that road in ships that sailed no better, to the land of palms, and spices, and yellow sands, and of brown nations ruled by kings more cruel than Nero the Roman and more splendid than Solomon the Jew. The old bark lumbered on, heavy with her age and the burden of her cargo, while I lived the life of youth in ignorance and hope. She lumbered on through an interminable procession of days; and the fresh gilding of the letters flashed back at the setting sun, seemed to cry out over the darkening sea the words painted on her stern, 'Judea, London. Do or Die.'

"Then we entered the Indian Ocean and steered northerly for Java Head. The winds were light. Weeks slipped by. She crawled on, do or die, and people at home began to think of posting us as overdue.

"One Saturday evening, I being off duty, the men asked me to give them an extra bucket of water or so—for washing clothes. As I did not wish to screw on the freshwater pump so late, I went forward whistling, and with a key in my hand to unlock the forepeak scuttle, intending to give them water out of a spare tank we kept there.

"The smell down below was as unexpected as it was frightful. One would have thought hundreds of paraffin-lamps had been flaring and smoking in that hole for days. I served out the water and ran up quick. The man with me coughed and said, 'Funny smell, sir.' I answered negligently, 'It's good for the health they say,' and walked aft.

"The first thing I did was to put my head down the square of the midship ventilator. As I lifted the lid it seemed to me that a visible breath, something like a thin fog, a puff of faint haze, rose


text:
Page:Celtic Stories by Edward Thomas.djvu/8

 CONTENTS


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 "All right, here you both are. Corporal, take four men with you, and conduct these ladies to the prefecture." This order was given conformably to a note I had sent to the serjeant on going out to get the brandy; it was thus written:—

"Monsieur the officer on guard will send under sure and good escort, to the prefecture of police, the females Sophie Lambert and Lise Domer, apprehended by order of M. le Préfet."

These ladies must have made singular reflections, and doubtless guessed that I was wearied with being made their plaything. Be that as it may, I went to see them at the depot next day, and asked them what they thought of the trick?

"Not bad," replied Sophie, "not bad; we had not stolen though." Then addressing Lise, "It is your fault; why did you pretend to seek for a man who was already caught?"

"Did I know it? Ah, if I had, I promise youbesides, what do you mean? he is caught, and they can accuse him."

"That is all very fine: but tell us, Jules, how long will they keep us at Saint Lazare?'*

"Six months at least."

"Only that?" they cried out together.

"Six months is nothing," added Sophie; "it is soon passed. Well, my sweet lad, we are at the disposal of the préfet."

They had a month less than I had told them, and as soon as they were at liberty, came to bring me fresh informations; and this time they were true. One remarkable peculiarity is, that female thieves are usually more incorrigible than males. Sophie Lambert could never persuade herself to renounce her habitual crime. From the age of ten she had entered on the career of theft; and when only twenty-five years of age had spent more than a third of her life in prison.

A short time after my entrance into the service of the police I apprehended her, and she was sentenced to


text: Education and Art in Soviet Russia/Foreword


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 {|
 * -style="vertical-align:top;"
 * colspan="5" style="text-align:center; font-size:140%"|CONTENTS
 * -style="vertical-align:top; font-size:120%"
 * I.
 * width="5em"|
 * colspan="3"|
 * -style="vertical-align:top;"
 * colspan="3"|Popular Religion, p. 9 — Ṛig-vēda and priestly religion, p. 11 — Dyaus-Zeus, p. 14 — Ushās, p. 18 ― Sūrya, p. 19 — Savitā, p. 19 — Mitra and Varuṇa, p. 19 — Agni, p. 22 — Sōma, p. 23 — Indra, p. 25 — The Aśvins, p. 35 — Vishṇu, p. 37 — Rudra-Śiva, p. 42 — Summary, p. 42.
 * -style="vertical-align:top; font-size:120%"
 * II.
 * colspan="3"|
 * -style="vertical-align:top;"
 * colspan="3"|Growth of Brahman influence in expanding Aryan society, p. 45 — System of priestly doctrine: theory of Sacrifice and mechanical control of nature thereby, p. 48 — Its antinomianism: partly corrected by the growing cult of Rudra-Śiva, p. 53 — The Upanishads: their relation to the Brāhmaṇas, p. 59 — Brahma the Absolute, p. 60 — Karma-Saṃsāra, P. 63 — Results: Śaiva Theism, p. 65— Kṛishṇa: early history and legends, p. 66 — Teachings, p. 68.
 * -style="vertical-align:top; font-size:120%"
 * III.
 * colspan="3"|
 * -style="vertical-align:top;"
 * I.
 * width="5em"|
 * colspan="3"|The Great War and the Pāṇḍavas, p. 70 — Vishṇu-Kṛishṇa, p.74 — Growth of church of Vishṇu-Kṛishṇa, p. 79 — Worship of Pāṇḍavas, p. 92 — New erotic and romantic Kṛishṇaism, p. 94.
 * -style="vertical-align:top;"
 * II.
 * Rāma: legend of Rāma and constitution of Rāmāyaṇa, p. 98.
 * -style="vertical-align:top;"
 * III.
 * Some later Preachers, p. 103 — Religions of Vishṇu-Kṛishṇa and Śiva in Southern India, p. 103 — Śaṃkara Āchārya, p. 105 — Rāmānuja, p. 107 — Nimbārka, Madhva, Vallabha, p. 108 — Jñānadēva, p. 109 — Nāma-dēva, p. 109 — Tukārām, p. 109 — Rāmānanda, p. 110 — Tulsī Dās, p. 110 — Kabīr, p. 110 — Nānak, p. 110 — Chaitanya, p. 110.
 * -style="vertical-align:top;"
 * IV.
 * Brahmā and the Trimūrti, p. 111 — Dattātrēya, p. 114.
 * -style="vertical-align:top;"
 * V.
 * Two Modern Instances, p. 116.
 * -style="vertical-align:top; font-size:120%"
 * colspan="5"|
 * -style="vertical-align:top;"
 * }
 * III.
 * Some later Preachers, p. 103 — Religions of Vishṇu-Kṛishṇa and Śiva in Southern India, p. 103 — Śaṃkara Āchārya, p. 105 — Rāmānuja, p. 107 — Nimbārka, Madhva, Vallabha, p. 108 — Jñānadēva, p. 109 — Nāma-dēva, p. 109 — Tukārām, p. 109 — Rāmānanda, p. 110 — Tulsī Dās, p. 110 — Kabīr, p. 110 — Nānak, p. 110 — Chaitanya, p. 110.
 * -style="vertical-align:top;"
 * IV.
 * Brahmā and the Trimūrti, p. 111 — Dattātrēya, p. 114.
 * -style="vertical-align:top;"
 * V.
 * Two Modern Instances, p. 116.
 * -style="vertical-align:top; font-size:120%"
 * colspan="5"|
 * -style="vertical-align:top;"
 * }
 * V.
 * Two Modern Instances, p. 116.
 * -style="vertical-align:top; font-size:120%"
 * colspan="5"|
 * -style="vertical-align:top;"
 * }
 * -style="vertical-align:top;"
 * }

title: Page:Hindu Gods and Heroes.djvu/9


text: Education and Art in Soviet Russia/Part 1


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 two years' imprisonment. It was principally in furnished houses that she exercised her culpable industry: no one was more skilful in deceiving the vigilance of the porters, nor more fruitful in expedients to escape their questions. Once introduced, she halted at each landing to make a survey. If she saw a key in any door, she turned it without noise; and if the person who occupied the apartment was sleeping, no matter how lightly, Sophie had a hand still lighter, and in no time watches, jewels, money, all found their way to her gibecière, (game-bag,) the name she gave to a secret pocket under her apron. If the tenant of the room was awake, Sophie had excuses enough ready, declaring that she had made a mistake. Then if he awoke during the operation, without being at all disconcerted, she ran to the bed, and embracing him, exclaimed, "Ah, my poor little Mim, let me kiss you! Ah! Sir, I ask pardon. What! is not this Number 17? I thought I was at my lover's."

One morning a person, whose apartment she was ransacking, having suddenly opened his eyes, perceived her near his drawers. He made an exclamation of surprise, and Sophie immediately began to play her scene; but the gentleman was not to be deceived, and was determined to profit by the pretended mistake; if Sophie resisted, a sound of money produced by the struggle, might betray the motive of her visit;—if she yielded, the peril might be still greater.—What was to be done? for any other than herself the conjuncture would have been very embarrassing. Sophie was not cruel, and by the aid of a lie removed all difficulty, and the individual, satisfied with what passed, allowed her to retire. He only lost at this game his watch, his purse, and six spoons.

This woman was a daring creature: twice she ran headlong into my snares, but, after her liberation, in vain did I try to entrap her; there was no watching which she did not baffle, so completely was she on her guard. But what I could not effect by my utmost


text: Celtic Stories

title: Celtic Stories


text: Education and Art in Soviet Russia/Document 1


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 efforts, to take her flagrante delicto, I owed to a circumstance entirely fortuitous.

Having left my home at daybreak, I was crossing the Place du ChateletChâtelet [sic], when I met Sophie face to face. She accosted me with much ease. "Good day, Jules, whither are you bound so early? I will wager that you are going to catch some poor rook."

"Perhaps so; but certainly you are not the person; but where are you going?"

"I am going to Corbeil to see my sister, who is about to establish me in a house. I am weary of the stone jug. I am getting reformed; will you have a drop of short?"

"Willingly; I will stand treat, and we will have it at Leprétre'sLeprêtre's [sic]."

"Well, do as you like, but make haste, lest I lose the diligence; you will go with me, wo'n'twon't [sic] you? it is only in the Rue Dauphine."

"Impossible, I have business at La Chapelle, and am already late. All I can do, is to take a small glass standing."

We went to Leprétre, and after a word or two, and a glass, I took my leave.

"Adieu, Jules, good luck!"

Whilst Sophie trudged away from me, I turned down the Rue de la Haumerie, and ran to hide myself in the corner of the Rue planche Mibray; there I saw her file off towards the Pont-au-Change, walking very fast, and looking behind her at every instant. I felt assured that she feared being followed, and thereupon determined to pursue her. I stained the bridge of Notre Dame, and, crossing it rapidly, reached the quai in time not to lose sight of her. On reaching the Rue Dauphine, she actually entered the office of the Corbeil coaches; but, persuaded that her departure was but a ruse to deceive me as to the intention of her early appearance, I ensconced myself in a corner, whence I could observe her motions. Whilst thus on the watch, a coach passed, in which I installed myself, and promised an


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 extra fee to the coachman if he would follow a female whom I should point out to him. For the moment we were stationary; the diligence started, but there was no Sophie there I would have betted my life; but some minutes afterwards she came to the office door, looked about on all sides, and then started off towards the Rue Christine. She entered into several furnished houses, and by her air I could perceive that no opportunity had offered, but as she persisted in exploring the same quarter, I drew the natural inference that she had not manœuvred successfully, and as I was persuaded that she had not yet finished, I took care not to interrupt her. At length she entered (in the Rue de la Harpe) a fruiterer's, and a moment afterwards appeared, carrying a large washerwoman's basket, which seemed heavy. She walked, however, very fast, and soon reached the Rue Mathurins-Saint-Jacques, and then that of Mâçons Sorbonne. Unfortunately for Sophie, there is a passage which communicates with the Rue de la Harpe and the Rue des Mâçons, and there, after having alighted, I hastened to hide myself, and when she reached the end of the alley I came forth, and we met face to face. On seeing me she changed colour, and attempted to speak, but was so much agitated that she could not utter a word. However, she came to herself gradually, and pretending to be in a great rage, said to me:—

"You see a woman in a passion; my laundress, who was to have brought my linen to the diligence, failed in her promise, I have just fetched it from her, and am going to convey it to a friend; that has prevented me from going to Corbeil."

"Just my case; on going to La Chapelle, I met a person who told me that my man was in this quarter, and that brought me here."

"So much the better; wait for me, I am going a few steps hence with my basket, and we will have a chop together."

"That I have no objection to; I, but what do I hear?"


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Rh kills and devours them. This is very like what I think was the case with Zeus; the main difference is that in Egypt the character of the deified king was merged in that of the old god, and men continued to regard the latter in exactly the same light as before; but among the forefathers of the Greeks the reverse happened in at least one case, that of Zeus, where the character of a hero who had peculiarly fascinated popular imagination partly eclipsed that of the old god whose name and rank he usurped. The reason for this, I suppose, is that even the early Egyptians had already a conservative religion with fixed traditions and a priesthood that forgot nothing, whereas among the forefathers of the Greeks, who were wandering savages, social order and religion were in a very fluid state. However that may be, a deified hero might oust an older god and reign under his name; and this theory explains many difficulties in the legends of Zeus.

As to the Roman Iuppiter, I need not say much about him. Like all the genuine gods of Latium, he never was much more than an abstraction until the Greeks came with their literature and dressed him in the wardrobe of their Zeus.

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