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 *Frederickshafen, 623
 * Free Town, 14-25
 * Fruits of the W. Coast, 38
 * Funeral Customs, 490-491
 * of the Ajumbas, 481
 * Bantus, 478
 * Delta of the Niger tribes, 490
 * Calabar tribes, 479, 693-95
 * Congo Français tribes, 479
 * Fans, 481
 * 'Mpongwe and 'galwa, 287
 * Ncomi, 281

G , 104-106, 329

Gaboon River, 326

Geography of Congo Français, 369

Ghosts and Spirits, 443-445, 505, 509

Glass, 108, 347

Gods, Native ideas concerning, 442, 507, 513

Gold Coast, The, 26-41

 * imports, 676

Gorillas, 267-268

Grain Coast, The, 75

Graves of the Ajumbas, 481

 * Natives of Calabar, 293

Gri-Gri bags, 19

Gru-Gru, 429 (note)

H , 243, 253

Hornbills, 256

"Hubbards," 220

I "," Prohibitions, 455

Idols, 454

Igalwa Tribe, 219, 227

 * dress, 223

 * houses, 220

Ikun, 527-529

Inembe spirit, 230

Incarnation of spirits, 521-522

Indigo planting, 543

Inheritance, Laws of, 485

Insects, 720-731

Islands, floating, 380

Ivory, trade in, 325

J "Ju-Ju," origin of the word, 429

 * (see Religion)

K , 401, 641-679

Kama country, 375

Kangwe Mission Station, 133, 215, 231

Kangwe, Mount, 177

Karkola, River, 241-242

Kembe Island, 174, 199

Kondo Kondo, 177, 177

Konig Island, 347

Kraw-kraw, 437

Kruboys, treatment of by the Portuguese, 49

 * as labourers, 645-654

Kru Coast, 75

L {{Plainlist|
 * {{sc|Labour}} on the West Coast, 645, 656
 * foreign, 656
 * Lafayette, the log of the, 382 428
 * Lagos, 76
 * Bar, 73-75
 * Lhiamba, 667
 * Language, 602-504 (see Trade English}
 * Laval Island, 404
 * Law, Native, 496-500
 * of Adultery, 497
 * of Inheritance, 485-486
 * of Ownership, 498-499
 * of Theft, 496
 * Lawson River, 358
 * Lefini River, 358
 * Lekete River, 358
 * Lembarene Island, 131, 217-219
 * Leopards, 543~546
 * Leopard societies, 537
 * Lestourville, 372
 * Libreville, 108
 * Licona River, 354
 * Liquor Traffic, 63, 662, 668, 675
 * Lizard demon, 471
 * Loango, 105
 * Lobe, God of the Bubis, 69
 * Lomanjawki, 177
 * Loom, cloth, Invention of, 734
 * Lope, Mount, 370
 * Lopez, Cape, 104}}

M

 * at Sierra Leone, 17-19
 * Mangrove swamps, 87-95, 111
 * Man o' War's Bay, 620
 * Marriage, Native, 113, 225
 * Mbiam used in ordeals, 464
 * Mbuiri, 228
 * Medicine, Native ideas on, 469
 * Medicine men, 446


text: Page:Virgil's Pastorals, Georgics and Aeneis - Dryden (1709) - volume 2.djvu/174

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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 The French have a gay way of treating every thing that is Great; and that is all can be said upon it.

mentioning the word gay (as in the close of the last chapter) it puts one (i. e. an author) in mind of the word spleen—especially if he has any thing to say upon it: not that by any analysis—or that from any table of interest or genealogy, there appears much more ground of alliance betwixt them, than betwixt light and darkness, or any two of the most unfriendly opposites in nature—only 'tis an undercraft of authors to keep up a good understanding amongst words, as politicians do amongst men—not knowing how near they may


text: The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman/Volume 7/Chapter 18


text:
Page:New Peterson magazine 1859 Vol. XXXV.pdf/237

 224 LYDIA’s HUSBAND.

with fragrant honeysuckles and sweet-briar, that it looked more like a bower than a sub¬ stantial dwelling-place. But within everything was comfort itself, for Lydia’s own taste had selected the decorations, and the house was a perfect poem.

“Well, Lydia,” exclaimed Guy, as they sat at breakfast in the little library, the morning after their arrival, “I never will dispute you again— I declare the cottage is a miniature paradise.”

“I should answer much better for Eve than you should for Adam,” she replied, gayly, “for I am a good housewife, and if this garden was left to your care I am afraid you would prove a sorry husbandman.”

“Oh! I hate weeding and mussing round, but I dote on flowers—always wear them in your hair! I don’t know that you care as much for them as I, but do learn to please me.”

“Certainly,” she said, with a pleasant mock humility. “But why do you think I don’t care for them?”

“Oh! I don’t know. You never seem-”

“Master Impudence! Come out here on the porch. Look down there—with all your love for flowers, can you tell the name of a single one you see?”

“Of course! These are tiger-lilies—those are clematis vines-”

“Don’t go any farther, Guyl Your tiger-lily happens to be an iris; and I never before saw a red clematis. Oh! Guy, Guy!”

“I confess my error,” he said, somewhat dis¬ comfited, though laughing at his failure. “How pretty this porch is! Lydia, we must take tea -here: it is so delightful under these vines.”

“I think you will find the library more agreeable.”

“Now, don’t be prosaic—do order tea here— it will be like drinking dew. Come and walk, Lydia—for heaven’s sake don’t wear a bonnet, a woman never ought to wear anything on her head but a veil.”

They went for a walk, and Lydia wore the lace drapery, which the artist arranged about her head in classic folds. The consequence was, she burned her nose, and returned with a headache, which forced her to spend the afternoon in bed. When evening came, the tea-table was set in the porch, as Guy desired; and Lydia came down stairs feeling better, though her nose looked a reproach at Guy for days afterward.

“Now, isn’t this charming, Lydia? so much more poetical than being shut up in-doors. Ugh! what the deuce is that?”

He sprang from his seat in disgust, for a green caterpillar had just dropped from the vines into his tea-cup. “What on earth is in my hair?” he continued, giving it a nervous twist, “Only a bug, Guy,” returned Lydia, laughing, “Perhaps you would rather finish your tea in- doors.”

“Horrid place!” muttered Guy, as he rang for the servant to wheel the table into the library. “I hate vines; pah! they smell like caterpillars; and as for tea, pray don’t ever have another cup in the house. I abhor it.”

Every day showed Guy the fallacy of some of his poetical illusions, and proved to him also, that in spite of his enthusiasm, Lydia possessed a much deeper love for nature than he with &U his artistic genius.

So the summer wore on—the long, golden days, each one of which brought added happiness to those young hearts. Yet Guy worked more than he had done for months. How he accomplished it he could not tell, but some way the hours flew so swiftly while he sat painting and listening to Lydia’s voice, as she read some pleasant romance, or favorite poem, that his task was ended before he was aware.

He ceased even to think that she was matter- of-fact, quite forgot his fears of not being appreciated: and, from the most incorrigible sloven, grew so particular in regard to the set of his shirts, that Lydia might have had good reason to regret his amendment in that particular.

It was late in autumn before they returned to the city, and they left that quiet haunt with deep regret.

“How happy we have been!” sighed Lydia, as they stood on the deck of the steamboat and saw their home disappear; “how happy we have been!”

“Darling,” whispered Guy, “you would make any spot happy, angel that you are!”

Lydia smiled, though a little sadly; she would not tell why, but Guy’s transports always filled her with a vague fear, which was almost like a foreboding of evil.

Once established in their city home, Lydia found many opportunities to pursue her literary labors without exciting her husband’s suspicions: and those wise people who do not believe in the practical usefulness of a woman who writes, should have seen the young wife’s house and retracted their heretical opinion.

As winter came on, Guy drew her more into the society which he had frequented before their marriage, for he was fond of exoitement: and though Lydia sometimes sighed for the quiet of her home and the seclusion of the past summer, she offered no opposition to that which seemed to afford her husband so much pleasure.


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 been many years made, is much too large - and all his garments convey the idea of having been purchased ready-made, so ill do they fit him. There is a gaucherie in his movements, which evidently proceeds from the perpetual consciousness of his lameness, that appears to haunt him; for he tries to conceal his foot when seated, and, when walking, has a nervous rapidity in his manner. He is very slightly lame, and the deformity of his foot is so little remarkable, that I am not now aware which foot it is. His voice and accent are peculiarly agreeable, but effeminate - clear, harmonious, and so distinct, that, though his general tone in speaking is rather low than high, not a word is lost. His manners are as unlike my preconceived notions of them as is his appearance. I had expected to find him a dignified, cold, reserved, and haughty person, resembling those mysterious personages he so loves to paint in his works, and with whom he has been so often identified by the good-natured world; but nothing can be more different; for were I to point out the prominent defect of Lord Byron, I should say it was flippancy, and a total want of that natural self-possession and dignity which ought to characterize a man of birth and education.

Albaro, the village in which the Casa Saluzzo,


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 be under a necessity of placing them to each other—which point being now gain'd, and that I may place mine exactly to my mind, I write it down here—

This, upon leaving Chantilly, I declared to be the best principle in the world to travel speedily upon; but I gave it only as matter of opinion, I still continue in the same sentiments—only I had not then experience enough of its working to add this, that though you do get on at a tearing rate, yet you get on but uneasily to yourself at the same time; for which reason I here quit it entirely, and for ever, and 'tis heartily at one's service—it has spoiled me the digestion of a good supper, and brought


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 on a bilious diarrhæa, which has brought me back again to my first principle on which I set out—and with which I shall now scamper it away to the banks of the Garonne—

No;I cannot stop a moment to give you the character of the people—their genius—their manners—their customs—their laws—their religion—their government—their manufactures—their commerce—their finances, with all the resources and hidden springs which sustain them: qualified as I may be, by spending three days and two nights amongst them, and during all that time, making these things the entire subject of my enquiries and reflections


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 Still—still I must away—the roads are paved—the posts are short—the days are long—'tis no more than noon—I shall be at Fontainbleau before the king

—Was he going there? not that I know

I hate to hear a person, especially if he be a traveller, complain that we do not get on so fast in France as we do in England; whereas we get on much faster, consideratis, considerandis; thereby always meaning, that if you weigh their vehicles with the mountains of baggage which you lay both before and behind upon them—and then consider their puny horses, with the very little they


text: The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman/Volume 7/Chapter 19


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 where he lives, is situated, is about a mile and a half distant from Genoa; it is a fine old palazzo, commanding an extensive view, and with spacious apartments, the front looking into a courtyard and the back into the garden. The room in which Lord Byron received us was large, and plainly furnished. A small portrait of his daughter Ada, with an engraved portrait of himself, taken from one of his works, struck my eye. Observing that I remarked that of his daughter, he took it down, and seemed much gratified when I discovered the strong resemblance it bore to him. Whilst holding it in his hand, he said: "I am told she is clever - I hope not; and, above all, I hope she is not poetical; the price paid for such advantages, if advantages they be, is such as to make me pray that my child may escape them."

The conversation, during our first interview, was chiefly about our mutual English friends, some of whom he spoke of with kind interest. T. Moore, D. Kinnaird, and Mr. E. Ellice, were among those whom he most distinguished. He expressed himself greatly annoyed by the number of travelling English who pestered him with visits, the greater part of whom he had never known, or was but slightly acquainted with; which obliged him to refuse receiving any, but


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 have mattered if it had been white. His love was changeless. Lifting her down from the niche, he told her so.

And as he spoke, her warm body melted to nothingness in his arms. The columns that had stood so hard and black against the quivering tide of moonlight and starlight seemed to totter and dissolve. He was lying in a hateful world where barbed-wire entanglements showed impish knots against a livid sky full of blooming noise and splashes of fire and wails for water, and his back was hurting intolerably.

Chris fell to blowing out the candles, and I, perhaps because the egotistical part of me was looking for something to say that would make him feel me devoted and intimate, could not speak.

Suddenly he desisted, stared at a candle-flame, and said:

"If you had seen the way she rested her cheek against the glass and looked into the


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 again. Then he raised his head again, brisk with another subject. "Do they still have trouble with foxes at Steppy End?"

Kitty shook her head.

"I don't know."

"Griffiths will know," Chris said cheerily, and swung round on his seat to ask the butler, and found him osseous, where Griffiths was rotund; dark, where Griffiths had been merrily mottled; strange, where Griffiths had been a part of home, a condition of life. He sat back in his chair as though his heart had stopped.

When the butler who is not Griffiths had left the room he spoke gruffly.

"Stupid of me, I know; but where is Griffiths?"

"Dead seven years ago," said Kitty, her eyes on her plate.

He sighed deeply in a shuddering horror.


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 participation in Reichstag debates, both in Vienna and Kroměříž (Kremsier), earned him some enemies. But most of his associates, friend and foe, respected him. Particularly attractive was his willingness to compromise, when purely ideological solutions to problems were impossible and when the need to be realistic did not require abandonment of principle. Thus in the wake of the Whitsuntide events he supported Leo Thun, governor of Bohemia, against the hated General Windischgrätz. Thun was no champion of the Czech cause, but as a guardian of Habsburg interests he was preferable to the man who had crushed the uprising with great force and imposed martial law on Prague.

Havlíček’s acerbic temperament, as noted earlier, involved him in numerous disputes. It affected, too, his journalistic prose, which was alternately blunt and simple, colorful and vulgar, designed as much to infuriate as to persuade his adversaries. Like Palacký, he served in the Reichstag, but made few speeches; and finding the haggling in the imperial assembly tiresome, he eventually resigned his seat (December, 1848).

As for tactics, Havlíček could and did change them, at times dramatically. In April, 1848, during a meeting of the Národní výbor, he told poet Moritz Hartmann that, were the Czechs to be faced with certain domination by either Germans or Russians, he would prefer “the Russian whip to German ‘freedom’.” And after 1848 he wrote to Palacký that the Czechs had acted too timidly by trusting the imperial government, while separatist Magyars and grossdeutsch liberals openly defied it. Such statements resulted perhaps from the stresses of the revolution and did not necessarily reflect permanent changes of attitude. But they did contradict Havlíček’s and Palacký’s insistence on other occasions that political oppression transcends nationality and that opposition to absolutism requires moderation.

In the end, such dissimilarities were never so great as to disrupt the essential cordial relationship between Palacký and Havlíček. Even with the return of absolutism they maintained political contacts and strengthened their personal ties. In March, 1849, Palacký supported his colleague when Havlíček attacked Stadion’s Oktroi constitution and was brought to trial in the first anti-press litigation of the Schwarzenberg era. He did so again in January, 1850, when Havlíček was forced to halt publication of Národní noviny, in part for publicizing Palacký’s own criticism of the government’s centralization program (December, 1849). Later, when Havlíček moved to Kutná Hora and established Slovan (The Slav), Palacký urged his friend not to close the newspaper


text:
Page:Travels in West Africa, Congo Français, Corisco and Cameroons (IA travelsinwestafr00kingrich).pdf/798

 *Mental attributes of the Negroes, 669-673
 * Mionde charm, 444
 * Missionary teaching, 658-662
 * Missions, 28, 54, 422, 615
 * Mondoleh Island, 610
 * Moondah River, 407
 * Mourning for the dead, Native, 482
 * Mpama River, 358
 * 'Mpongwe tribe, 223, 400
 * Mungubatta Region, 455
 * Mungo Mah Lobeh (The Peak of Cameroons), Ascent of, 548-608
 * Mungo River 576
 * Muni River, 407
 * Murder Societies, 536
 * Music, Native, 66, 181
 * Müttterrecht, traces of, 224, 486

N , Dr., his explorations on the Ogowé, 371, 394

 * his description of Ivory hunting, 328

 * quoted on the subject of native superstitions, 456

Nazareth Bay, 125

Nhakim or ghost traps, 495

Ncovi, Lake, 238

Ndiva, Tribe, 437

Ndorko, 338

Ndork, 495

Negroes, 442

Ngunie River, 137, 370

Niger River, Mangrove swamps at the mouth of the, 94

"Nigger" English, 432-433

Njole, 105, 148, 167

Njoko, Mount, 185

Nkama, River, 348

Nkami Country, 242

N'Poulounay, 369 (note)

Ntamo, Brazzaville, 360, 361, 366

O , Mbiam formula, 465

Odeaka Cheese, 227

Ogololé Creek, 104

Ogowé River, 103

 * Discovery of, 103, 370

 * Geography of, 372, 375

 * History of its exploration, 354-371

 * Scenery of, 129-130

Oil Rivers, 73

Okana River, 185

Okoneto Mt. 338

Okÿon, 74

Olâgá Souls, 230

Olangi Mt. 177

Old Calabar, 42

Olomb'ompslo River, 348

Ombiwiri spirits, 444

Omon Range, 99 (note), 594

Ordeals, 464, 490, 497

O'Remho Vongo, 235, 241

Orunda Prohibition, 456

Osheba tribe, 369 (note)

Osoamokita, 143, 217

Otalamaguga, 371

Ovata, 185

Owassa God, 69

Ownership native laws of, 498-499

P , 99 (note) 358.

Palm Wine, 667

Pandanus Candelabrum, 303 (note)

Papaw, 39

Parroquet Island, 347

Pepper Coast, 75

Phangwe, (see Fan)

Picarthartes symnocephalus, 23

Pico de las Nieves, 13

Pirate Rocks, 615

Pistia stratiotes, river lettuce, 378

Plantain eaters, 236

Plantations, 640-645

Plants of Cameroons and the Ogowé district, 732-733

Polygamy, 212-214, 662

Pongara Point, 348

Portos of Fernando Po, 59, 71

Ports, The Leeward and the Windward, 75; post-mortem, 467

Portuguese possessions, 641

Pottery of the Bubis, 65

 * of the Fans, 322

Princepe Island, 46-48

Property, Native Laws of, 484-486

Pythons, Measurements of, 161, 347

R

 * , 634, 638-639
 * Read, Mr. Winwood, 357, 437
 * Rembwé River, 297, 333-352
 * Rio del Rey, 609


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 those he particularly wished to see. "But," added he, smiling, "they avenge themselves, by attacking me in every sort of way, and there is no story too improbable for the craving appetites of our slander-loving countrymen."

Before taking leave, he proposed paying us a visit next day; and he handed me into the carriage with many flattering expressions of the pleasure our visit had procured him.

April 2. - We had scarcely finished our déjeuné à la fourchette this day when Lord Byron was announced; he sent up two printed cards in an envelop addressed to us, and soon followed them. He appeared still more gay and cheerful than the day before - made various inquiries about all our mutual friends in England - spoke of them with affectionate interest, mixed with a badinage in which none of their little defects were spared; indeed, candor obliges me to own that their defects seemed to have made a deeper impression on his mind than their good qualities, (though he allowed all the latter,) by the gusto with which he entered into them.

He talked of our mutual friend Moore, and of his "Lalla Rookh," which, he said, though very beautiful, had disappointed him; adding, that Moore would go down to posterity by his Melodies, which were all perfect. He said that he had


text:
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 when government officials attempted to influence its editorial policy. And he stood by Havlíček when the latter was arrested and exiled to Brixen in December, 1851.

The harsher absolutism of 1851-60 forced an end to even limited collaboration among revolutionaries. Separated physically and under police surveillance, Palacký and Havlíček reduced their contacts to infrequent exchanges of letters. This correspondence was largely non-political, but both men spoke occasionally of the failure of the revolution, and even of plans for the future. Late in December 1851, Havlíček confided to Palacký his intention to dramatize the deterioration of justice in Austria by satirizing the circumstances of his arrest. And the following summer he wrote of his desire to escape to Serbia. Palacký, in turn, urged his friend not to abandon hope of release and to spend his time writing a nationalistic novel which could counteract the resurgence of absolutism in the Czech lands. Of these particular plans only Havlíček’s satire of Austrian police practices–Tyrolské elegie (Tyrolean Elegies)– was ever accomplished. Declining in health for over a year, Havlíček died of tuberculosis in the summer of 1856. Palacký lived another twenty years, but his later political involvements were never extensive.

Neither man realized his goal of the federal reorganization of Austria. Each advocated tactics which, though justifiable, proved ineffective; for the Austro-Slavs’ insistence on non-violence and on fidelity to the Habsburgs earned them a reward no different from that of the Magyars after Világos. Still, the two men’s achievements were not inconsequential. Together they transformed earlier, amorphous Pan-Slav ideals into a narrower and more feasible program of reform. The result, Austro-Slavism, was not new. But Palacký’s and Havlíček’s approach to it was unique. They were the first to appreciate its full political application, as a means of reconciling liberty for individual peoples with the common good of a large, multi-national state.

Individually, Palacký contributed his constitutional labors and a moral leadership based on conciliation and his own irreproachable character. Not always the best politician, he was still the only person who in 1848 commanded the respect of all politically active groups in Czech society. Havlíček’s special contributions were his early analyses of the Russian question, his constant support of Palacký, and his attempts through journalism to increase the political consciousness of apathetic citizens. It was the combination of a shared ideology and the application of different but mutually complementary individual talents that made the two men compatible, if not always successful, political allies.


text:
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005/Division C/Title IV

Appalachian Regional Commission

 * For expenses necessary to carry out the programs authorized by the Appalachian Regional Development Act of 1965, as amended, for necessary expenses for the Federal Co-Chairman and the alternate on the Appalachian Regional Commission, for payment of the Federal share of the administrative expenses of the Commission, including services as authorized by 5 U.S.C. 3109, and more of passenger motor vehicles, $66,000,000, to remain available until expended.

Salaries and Expenses

 * For necessary expenses of the Defense Nuclear Facilities Safety Board in carrying out activities authorized by the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended by Public Law 100-456, section 1441, $20,268,000, to remain available until expended.

Salaries and Expenses

 * For necessary expenses of the Delta Regional Authority and to carry out its activities, as authorized by the Delta Regional Authority Act of 2000, as amended, notwithstanding sections 382C(b)(2), 382F(d), and 382M(b) of said Act, $6,048,000, to remain available until expended.

Denali Commission

 * For expenses of the Denali Commission including the purchase, construction and acquisition of plant and capital equipment as necessary and other expenses, $67,000,000 notwithstanding the limitations contained in section 306(g) of the Denali Commission Act of 1998, $2,500,000, to remain available, until expended:

 * Provided, That of the amounts provided to the Denali Commission:
 * $5,000,000 is for community showers and washeteria in villages with homes with no running water;
 * $13,000,000 is for the Juneau/Green's Creek/Hoonah Intertie project;
 * $3,200,000 is for the Swan Lake/Tyee Intertie project;
 * $5,000,000 is for multi-purpose community facilities including the Bering Straits Region, Dillingham, Moose Pass, Sterling, Funny River, Eclutna, and Anchor Point;
 * $10,000,000 is for teacher housing in remote villages such as Savoogna, Allakakaet, Hughes, Huslia, Minto, Nulato, and Ruby where there is limited housing available for teachers;
 * $10,000,000 is for facilities serving Native elders and senior citizens; and
 * $5,000,000 is for:
 * (1) the Rural Communications service to provide broadcast facilities in communities with no television or radio station;
 * (2) the Public Broadcasting Digital Distribution Network to link rural broadcasting facilities together to improve economies of scale, share programming, and reduce operating costs; and
 * (3) rural public broadcasting facilities and equipment upgrades.

Salaries and Expenses

 * For necessary expenses of the Commission in carrying out the purposes of the Energy Reorganization Act of 1974, as amended, and the Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, including official representation expenses (not to exceed $15,000), and purchase of promotional items for use in the recruitment of individuals for employment, $662,777,000, to remain available until expended:

 * Provided, That of the amount appropriated herein, $69,050,000 shall be derived from the Nuclear Waste Fund;

 * Provided further, That revenues from licensing fees, inspection services, and other services and collections estimated at $534,354,000 in fiscal year 2005 shall be retained and used for necessary salaries and expenses in this account, notwithstanding 31 U.S.C. 3302, and shall remain available until expanded;

 * Provided further, That the sum herein appropriated shall be reduced by the amount of revenues received during fiscal year 2005 so as to result in a final fiscal year 2005 appropriation estimated at not more than $128,423,000.

Office of Inspector General

 * For necessary expenses of the Office of Inspector General in carrying out the provisions of the Inspector General Act of 1978, as amended, $7,518,000, to remain available until expended:

 * Provided, That revenues from licensing fees, inspection services, and other services and collections estimated at $6,766,200 in fiscal year 2005 shall be retained and be available until expended, for necessary salaries and expenses in this account, notwithstanding 31 U.S.C. 3302;

 * Provided further, That the sum herein appropriated shall be reduced by the amount of revenues received during fiscal year 2005 so as to result in a final fiscal year 2005 appropriation estimated at not more than $751,800.

Salaries and Expenses

 * For necessary expenses of the Nuclear Waste Technical Review Board, as authorized by Public Law 100-203, section 5051, $3,177,000, to be derived from the Nuclear Waste Fund, and to remain available until expended.


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 225

LYDIA’s HUSBAND.

One night, at a sort of literary and artistic reunion, she was sitting with resigned patience beneath the ﬂood of raptures poured upon her by one of her husband's admirers, trying hard not to look bored, and to smile in the proper place, when she was startled by a slight bustle in the adjoining rooms.

“Mrs. Warner must have come," said her companion; “I heard that she was to be here to-night. Have you met her, Mrs. Havens?”-

Lydia had not. Who was she?

“Surely you know. She writes under the signature of ‘Stella’--such genius, so much; soul!"

Lydia remembered having taken up, a few days before, a volume of poems, entitled “Soul Pinings,” in which transcendentalism and second-hand French morality struggled for supremacy with much that was even graceful and beautiful: and she looked round with some curiosity for the approach of Mrs. Warner

Before long she heard her husband’s voice, and then a little female shriek of delight by way of response.

“Here—your wife here, Mr. Havens? Take me to her-How I long to know her! What a soul she must have for you to have chosen her! I should like to sit at her feet and drink in the inspiration which I know must beam from her eyes.’

Before Lydia could recover from her astonishment, Guy appeared, looking a little embarrassed, yet delighted, and upon his arm leaned the poetess. She was a woman above the medium height, thin, with long curls banging about her face, and shading a pair of beautiful eyes better tutored than ever eyes were before. In spite of her affectation, her little cries of rapture, there was an inexpressible charm about her, and even the nonsense she talked was rendered so unintelligible by the beautiful language in which she clothed it, that, with most people, it passed for brilliant conversation; men always admire what they don’t understand.

“This is happiness, indeed.” murmured the poetess. “Ah! Mrs. Havens, this is too much bliss to meet in the same evening, your gifted husband and his household angel. Do you know what I called him long before I ever saw his face?—-‘ Raphael.‘ And you, oh! I can ﬁnd no name sweet enough. How you must dote on that inspired creature! How the genius ﬂashes from his eyes!"

She paused, at last, for breath; and Lydia sank back, completely overpowered, staring at Guy in a sort of bewildered amazement. The poetess seated herself upon a low ottoman at Lydia’s feet, and sat looking up into her face with a tender admiration, while several of the other guests, who were also worshipers at the shrine of transcendentalism, gathered round to watch the movements of their high priestess.

“You have been out of town for some time, I believe, Mrs. Warner?" said Lydia, desirous of breaking the silence.

“Don’t call me by that cold name!" pleaded the lady, clasping her hands pathetically; “pray do not put me so far away from your heart; call me Stella, as all do who love me."

“Is that your name?" Lydia asked.

Mrs. Warner hesitated; in truth, her parents had christened her Jerusha, softened by her into Jane, and ﬁnally dropped for the euphonious title of Stella.

“It is the name by which my partial friends call me," she said, “Come here, Mr. Havens, and bid your wife take me to her heart."

This was intended metaphorically, but Guy looked puzzled, and unable to decide whether the woman was the most fascinating, or the most ridiculous creature he had ever met.

“How happy I am to see you two together!" continued Stella; “how I have dreamed of this hour—

‘Two souls with but a single thought, Two hearts that beat as one?" If Lydia had spoken her thought, it would have been far from complimentary, and she wondered what Guy’s might be. He was seated by Mrs. Warner, and she was talking to him of art, really conversing well: even Lydia was forced to acknowledge that, though she had already taken an unaccountable dislike to the woman.

“Your wife’s portrait—you are painting it!" Lydia heard her exclaim. in answer to some remark of Guy’s, and she was seized with another spasm of delight; “I shall never rest until I have seen it—Raphael painting the angel of his life-journey! Willi?- Shﬂll I can FOR?” She cried, rushing up to Lydia and seizing both her hands.

“I can ﬁnd no name sweet enough!”

“You are very kind," replied Lydia, very quietly, “but I am quite satisﬁed to be called Mrs. Havens."

The poetess appeared slightly confused; and the group of worshipers seemed shocked by such worldly reserve; even Guy looked as if he thought such enthusiasm deserved a different reception. In a moment, the lady had returned to Guy’s side, with one of her little bird-like hops, and was discoursing volubly of life abroad.

“There one truly lives," she cried; “the soul is free to speak, like summons like, and souls which have a true aﬂinity for one another, are


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LYDIA%

HUSBAND.

not divided by the cold leaven of worldly preju- dices; here vre are so stern, so real, so matter- of-fact. Oh! it is so terrible, unnatural!”

Unnatural enough, Lydia thought, she was in all conscience; but, wisely repressing her con¬ victions, she moved into another room, and saw no more of the poetess until the party was breaking up.

“You see I have taken possession of your Raphael,” Mrs. Warner said, as they approached her; “he is to see me to my carriage, and then I will resign him to you. Do you know what he has promised?—to show me his pictures: and as his studio is in your dwelling, shall I not see you too?”

Of course Lydia could only reply that she should be at home, and pleased to see Mrs. Warner.

“Thanks—a thousand thanks! I could love you so much! I feel it already,” she whispered, and after insisting on an embrace, skipped off like an excited canary.

“Your wife is lovely,” she said, as Guy led her down stairs, “not beautiful, but charming: only so cold—I am quite afraid of her.”

“Oli! that iB impossible,” Guy said; “we shall hope to see a great deal of you.”

“Thanks, Raphael! And will she love me?

I cannot exist without affection—will she love me? Don’t let her be cold—your wife should be perfectly etlierial—a sunbeam—a dream! Forgive me: you will think me a wild, giddy creature, but I worship genius, and I do not know how to feign.”

“Then you must make one of your own adorers,” he replied, laughingly.

“Naughty man! But I cannot jest to-night:

I have been very sad ail day; only one thing brought me out this evening.”

“And that?” Guy said, as he placed her in the carriage.

Mrs. Warner leaned forward and raised her dangerous eyes to his face,

“Cannot you guess?” she almost whispered. “But good night; don’t let your angel wife be cold to me—good night.”

She drove away, leaving Havens completely bewildered by her fascinations, and he returned to Lydia more restless and impatient than she had ever seen him. He was loud in praise of Mrs. Warner, and his wife made no remark, confident that a very little time would serve to weary him of her society. t

The next day Mrs. Warner called, and Lydia was martyrized for several hours, and in truth, a little ashamed of Guy’s weakness. Mrs. Warner went into ecstasies over his paintings, and

made notes for an article which she promised to write, till between her praises and her beautiful eyes, poor Havens’ head was quite turned.

“And here you live like a nightingale and his mate,” she said. “I am sure you never stir from this enchanted room, Mrs. Havens.”

“Indeed, I am here very little,” Lydia replied; “during the day my household duties occupy me a great deal.”

“Oh, no, no!” cried Mrs. Warner. “Don’t tell me you ever descend to such prosaic details; the companion of a child of genius should know nothing of that petty drudgery which occupies the common herd.”

“You will find me sadly common-place,” Lydia said, coldly. “I assure you I quite pride myself on my puddings.”

The poetess looked “unutterable things,” and at that moment Lydia was called away by the announcement of visitors whom Mrs. Warner would on no account see; she would look once more at those gems and steal quietly away.

“Strange that genius never weds with its like,” she said, with a sigh. “Ah, Raphael, your wife is an angel, and may you never learn what too many do, the horror of awakening to the consciousness that you are bound for life to one who cannot appreciate you.”

“I assure you, Lydia has a very true perception of the beautiful,” Guy said; “she seems cold-”

“Ob, no, no! I was not thinking of her—you are very happy! Would that it were in my power to render your bliss eternal. Ah, we have but a sorry let here, we poor song birds, and you creators of ideals like only to heaven! How little we are understood even by those dearest to us, how little they know of our real feelings!”

She paused abruptly, and threw herself into an attitude so full of grace, that Guy went into raptures; and before she left it was decided that he should paint her portrait.

“Bring your wife to see me,” she said, as she entered her carriage; “I want to love her for your—for the sake of your genius. Sunday evenings my friends often 4rop in—I never see ladies that night, and as you are married, I suppose I must lose you too. Ah, well, you will not regret it,” and with another flashing glance she drove away.

The acquaintance which Lydia had hoped would be transitory, grew into an intimacy that pained and displeased her. Under pretence of sitting for her picture, Mrs. Warner spent hours and hours in the studio, certainly much retarding Guy’s labors thereby, although he never


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 LYDIA’s HUSBAND.

complained, notwithstanding his dislike to visitors in general.

Lydia was much occupied in her house, and indeed Mrs. Warner’s presence had become exceedingly distasteful to her. She never reproached Guy, never hinted at the fears which had begun to take a name and haunted her lonely hours. At places of amusement Mrs. Warner was their frequent companion, and her opinions had become so powerful that Lydia might reasonably have doubted whether she was mietrdfcs in her own house, but still she did not complain, certain that harsh words would only augment the evil, for she knew’ that Guy yet; loved her fondly, and beyond the gratification of his pampered vanity meditated no wrong toward her.

But Mrs. Warner had Acquired an influence over him of which he did not dream. She insisted upon making herself his confident—genius had ils hours of loneliness and discouragement— who could understand such feelings as she could? So Guy became a frequent visitor at her house, and though I am sorry to confess it, sometimes of a Sunday evening took his wife to visit a pious old aunt, and went himself to Mrs. Warner’s afterward.

His affection for Lydia was undiminislied, but eight months of married life had slightly worn away the romance, and Guy liked novelty. He grew restless and uneasy, but why he could not; have told; the quiet of his home at times seemed almost irksome, and he was vexed with Lydia for appearing so content with what he termed monotony. Mrs. Warner saw this; beneath her affectation of innocence she was a keen, scrutinixing observer. Adoration was her existence, and she was too thoroughly selfish ever to think of the pain which she might cause others. She had decided that Lydia was no fit wife for her “Raphael,” and there was every fear if her influence over him continued, that she might succeed in making him believe the same.

Mrs. Warner was a thorough “new” light,” though too wise even to make herself oonspicu- ous. She confessed to a belief in the doctrine of affinity—as far as souls went—clairvoyance was to her a beautiful and intelligible theory, she avowed, and she had once been almost a  convert to spiritualism. Years before she had separated from her husband, because his rather antiquated ideas concerning a wife’s duties were not in unison with her refined sensibilities; and even when tidings of his death reached her, she felt no remorse for conduct which had hurried him to his grave. Since then she had had no desire to relinquish her dearly prized freedom,

and many a household could have dated its first misery from her entrance into its precincts.

This was the woman who was so rapidly in¬ sinuating herself into the confidence of Guy Havens, whose impulsive temperament rendered him, for a season, a fit subject for her wiles.

Toward spring an anonymous romance made its appearance, which attracted much attention in literary circles, and rumor was busy in attri¬ buting it to a dozen different sources. The ad¬ mirers of Mrs. Warner were inclined to believe her the author, although the style of the work was totally at variance with her former produc¬ tions. Guy thought it hers, and expressed his belief to Lydia, who only smiled.

One evening, at a party, the subject was dis¬ cussed before Mrs. Warner’s arrival, and several of her adherents grew quite earnest in their arguments to prove that she was indeed the author of the work. While the discussion was going on the lady entered, and a little group gathered arouud her with a thousand nonsensical compliments.

“It is useless to attempt any deception,” they said, “you may as well acknowledge yourself the author.”

Guy took a wreath from a basket of flowers and placed it playfully upon her forehead.

“Let us crown the new Corinne,” he said.

Mrs. Warner stood for a moment, as if trying to summon sufficient courage to deny her right to the honor; but her excessive vanity mastered the good impulse, and she raised her eyes to Guy’s face with her most winning look, saying only,

“Well, if you insist upon forcing the authorship on me, I cannot help it.”

Lydia watched her with feelings of utter contempt; at that moment she despised the woman too heartily even too feel pain at Haven’s undisguised admiration. Mrs. Warner remarked her silence; and her concealed dislike for Lydia could not longer be wholly restrained.

Later in the evening, Mrs. Havens was standing in a window recess, concealed from view by the draperies, when, before fehe was aware of it, her husband and Mrs. Warner approached the spot in earnest conversation.

“I believe our friendship must be given up, your wife does not like it,” were the first words which reached her.

“That is your fancy,” Guy said, “she must appreciate your genius too highly for such feelings.”

“Ah! my friend, you men know so little of women! I would not for the world make dear Lydia jealous.’


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Josef Václav Frič, Paměti (3 vols.; Prague, 1957–63), I, pp. 305–06. The memoirs were published originally in 1891.

Jakub Malý, Naše znovuzrození: přehled národního života českého za posledního půlstoletí (3 parts in one volume; Prague, 1880), I, pp. 69, 74, 76.

Tomáš G. Masaryk, Karel Havlíček: snahy a tužby politického probuzení (Prague, 1904), pp. 268–90. Cf. Masaryk, Česká otázka: snahy a tužby národního obrození (Prague, 1908). For criticisms of Masaryk’s interpretation see Arnošt Denis, Čechy po Bílé hoře (6 vols.; Prague, 1911), IV, pp. 301–02; and Zdeněk V. Tobolka’s review in Naše doba, XI (1904), pp. 787–89. Also enlightening is the Masaryk-Tobolka polemic, “Havlíček skutečný a fiktivní,” Naše doba, XII (1905), pp. 78–80, 237–40.

Karel Tůma, Karel Havlíček: nejslavnější publicista českého národa (Kutná Hora, 1885). The study was intended to help the Young Czechs expand their political arsenal by showing the compatibility of the party’s program and tactics with those of the popularly revered Havlíček. The result was an exaggeration of Havlíček’s radicalism through a reduction of his philosophy to political liberalism, anti-Germanism, and anti-clericalism.

The “conversions” occured in 1813 and 1839, respectively. See Joseph F. Zacek, Palacký: The Historian as Scholar and Nationalist (The Hague, 1970), p. 16; and Havlíček to M. Příborský, January 16, 1839, in Ladislav Quis, ed., Korespondence Karla Havlíčka (Prague, 1903), p. 725. Hereafter, KH Korespondence.

Antonín Okáč, Český sněm a vláda před březnem 1848 (Prague, 1947), pp. 78–81.

The best of the detailed studies of Havlíček’s early life is still Václav Zelený, “Ze života Karla Havlíčka,” Osvěta, II (1872), pp. 320–36, 477–94, 642–62, and III (1873), pp. 14–30.

Zdeněk V. Tobolka, Literatura česká devatenáctého století (3 vols, in 4 parts; Prague, 1902–07), III/1, p. 583.

There have been several studies of this important controversy, which led to the abandonment of Czech as a literary language by young Slovak Protestant intellectuals. Among the more balanced accounts are V.A. Frantsev, Cheshsko-slovenskii razkol i ego otgoloski v literature sorokovych godov (Warsaw, 1915); Milan Hodža, ČezkoslovenskýČeskoslovenský [sic] rozkol: príspevky k dejinám slovenčiny (Turciansky Sv. Martin, 1920); and Jan Novotný, O bratrškěbratrské [sic] druzbedružbě [sic] ČechuČechů [sic] a Slováků za národního obrození (Prague, 1959).

Pražské noviny (hereafter, PN), February 15–March 12, 1846; reprinted in Zdeněk V. Tobolka, ed., Karla Havlíčka Borovského politické spisy (3 vols. in 5 parts; Prague, 1900–03), I, pp. 32–101. Hereafter, KHPS.

Ibid., p. 64.

Ibid., p. 69.

Bohuš Rieger, ed., Františka Palackého spisy drobné (3 vols.; Prague, 1898–1902), I, p. 19. Hereafter, FPSD.

The best treatment of Czech-Russian relations in the first half of the nineteenth century is Josef Jirásek, ''Rusko a my: studie vztahů československých-ruských od počátku 19. století do r. 1867'' (Prague, 1929). For information on the


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229

“My tongue has always served me very well. Excuse me, Guy, I don’t understand transcendentalism, and it is a thing you have only lately taken up. I cannot like the society into which we have been led, nor do you in your heart. Come, Guy, you are more sensible than you believe; do leave romance to school girls.”

“You always sneer at feelings which to me are beautiful and holy!” he exclaimed, bitterly. “We seem to have no sentiments in common; it is a pity you did not make the discovery before it was too late.”

“I have not made it now, Guy; I believe I can sympathize with every good and high-souled aspiration in your nature, but I have no respect for mock sentiment; to me trash is trash, how¬ ever fine a dress you put on it.”

“Are beautiful theories of life trash, Lydia? Is it nonsense to join in doctrines which will free us from the fetters that weigh us down?”

“No isms, Guy, I beg! We were happy enough in our way last summer. I never heard you talk of your  inner nature’ then. Seriously, Guy, this society is bad for us! You don’t work with the spirit you did—your improvement is less rapid.”

“Why, Lydia, only tonight a dozen people told me that my last picture was wonderful.”

“Will you be blinded in this way? You know yourself bow little pleased you were with it at first. I know you have true genius—no one can appreciate it more than I—but you are not yet a great artist. Oh, my dear husband, be your own noble self, forsake this atmosphere of flat¬ tery, this influence of loose morality, for veil it under what beautiful names you will it is only that See, we are home now, let us go to those places no more!”

Guy entered the house and flung himself into an arm-chair.

“I knew this would come,” he said; “you wish to deprive me of my friends, to crush every spark of enthusiasm in my nature, to make my art a thing of dollars and cents!”

“Guy, it is not your heart that speaks now! I only ask you to forsake a circle whose influence over both of us is injurious. Bring it home; how would you feel to hear me praising immoral books, attending reform lectures, going mad over every new ism?”

“None of my friends do any of those things; we haven’t a single strong-minded woman among

“Guy, this is downright folly! Beware of infecting me with your malady; I may become transcendental yet, and find that I too have a mission and an inner nature, and an affinity for some handsome genius.”

“You seem to have none for your husband, madam,” exclaimed he, passionately, and dashed out of the room.

Lydia wept bitter tears that night, but she could see no way of remedying the evil, and even her fortitude gave way.

From that hour a coldness sprung up between the husband and wife. Lydia strove against it in vain: Guy persisted in being wretched. She withdrew herself more and more from the society in which they moved, but her husband went without her. Several times she begged him to remain at home with her, but without effect.

“Do not grudge me an hour with congenial souls,” he would say; “will work enough to- morrow to make amends—you shall be no poorer for it.”

Lydia suffered greatly during those weeks; how much Guy never knew, for she hid it ibravely. She felt certain that he was becoming s more and more infatuated with Mrs. Warner, and she could see no way of breaking off the intimacy. Sometimes s)ie asked herself if it was s right thus patiently to submit, then she thought what Guy’s life would be if things oame to the worst and she were to leave him—he would be a ruined, lost man. No, she would bear all! Time would remedy the evil; she would be a faithful, loving wife still, perhaps kindness would keep aloof more wrong.

Guy visited Mrs. Warner almost daily, and his devotion had reached a pitch which was tiresome, for the poetess not only dreaded the opinion of the world, but she was in truth cold- hearted as a stone, owing her good reputation more to her intense selfishness than to her code of morality. She liked a flirtation, but Guy had begun to persuade himself that it was his destiny to adore her, anddie left her little time to bestow upon any one else.

He was in the habit of entering her boudoir unannounced; and one day, through the stupidity of a new servant, he was admitted into the house when the poetess least desired to see him.

The boudoir was back of the parlors, separated only by an arch, and a large mirror between the windows of the apartment showed any person in the drawing-room all that was passing in the apartment beyond.

Guy saw that which made him pause as if suddenly turned to stone. The poetess was reclining in an easy-chair, and at her feet in his


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Rh Philistine, the smug patriot and the lessoning moraler, making a palimpsest whereof all that is legible is false and all that is honest is blotted out. The detestable anthropolater of the biographical gift has pushed his glowing pen across the page, to the unspeakable darkening of counsel. In short, Washington's countrymen see him through a glass dirtily. The image is unlovely and unloved. You can no more love and revere the memory of the biographical George Washington than you can an isosceles triangle or a cubic foot of interstellar space.

The portrait-painters began it — Gilbert Stuart and the rest of them. They idealized all the humanity out of the poor patriot's face and passed him down to the engravers as a rather sleepy-looking butcher's block. There is not a portrait of Washington extant which a man of taste and knowledge would suffer to hang on the wall of his stable. Then the historians jumped in, raping all the laurels from the brows of the man's great contemporaries and piling them in confusion upon his pate. They made him a god in wisdom, and a giant in arms ; whereas, in point of ability and service, he was but little, if at all, superior to any one of a half-dozen of his now over-shadowed


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252

 * Graetz.—V. 2.
 * H. Adler.—Transactions of the Jewish Historical Society of England. Vol. I, p. 25.
 * Kayserling.—Miscellany of the Society of Hebrew Literature, Vol. I.
 * Lady Magnus.—Jewish Portraits, p. 109.
 * English translations of works. Vindiciæ Judeorum, Hope of Israel, The Couciliator (F. H. Lindo. 1841, etc.).

 * Graetz.—V. 4.
 * J. Freudenthal.—History of Spinozism, J. Q. R., VIII, p. 17.

 * Karpeles.—Jewish Literature and other Essays, p. 229.
 * Abrahams—Jewish Life in the Middle Ages. ch. 14
 * Graetz—V, pp. 112 [119]. 234 [247].


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 Czechs who did go to Russia before 1848, see pp. 12, 128–30, and 247. Also Ivan Pfaff and Vladimír Závodsky, Tradice česko-ruských vztahů v dějinách (Prague, 1957), p. 111.

FPSD, I, p. 20.

There is no satisfactory study of liberalism as it affected the western Slavs. A balanced interpretation of Austro-German liberalism is in Georg Franz, Liberalismus: die deutschliberale Bewegung in der Habsburgischen Monarchie (Munich, 1955).

Josef Fischer, Myšlenka a dílo Františka Palackého (2 vols.; Prague, 1926–27), I, pp. 147–48.

Ibid., p. 163.

Ibid., pp. 218–21. Also helpful is Zacek’s discussion in Palacký: The Historian as Scholar and Nationalist, pp. 83ff.

“Korouhev naše,” PN, March 19, 1848, KHPS, I, p. 241.

“Naše politika,” Národní noviny (hereafter, NN), April 12, 1848, KHPS, II/1, p. 14. He expressed similar thoughts in “Daniel O’Connell,” PN, June 13–27, 1847, and in “Výklad hesla Národních novin,” NN, July 4, 1848. Cited in KHPS I, p. 194ff, and II/1, pp. 67–69.

Emanuel Chalupný, Havlíček: prostředí, osobnost a dílo (Prague, 1929), p. 398.

“Politický aforismus o státu,” FPSD, I, pp. 7–8.

PN, December 27, 1846, KHPS, I p. 148.

S.V. Utechin, Russian Political Thought (New York, 1963), pp. 105ff.

Karel Slavíček, Tajná politická společnost Český Repeal 1848 (Prague, 1947), pp. 73–117 passim. Also, Karel Kazbunda, české hnutí roku 1848 (Prague, 1929), p. 38.

The complete list of demands is in Jan Černý, ed., Boj za právo: sborník aktů politických u věcech státu a národa českého od roku 1848 (Prague, 1893), pp. 12–17.

The other causes are diverse and difficult to interpret because they involve charges, some biased, made by both nationalities during the revolution. To the Germans, some Czechs, including Havlíček, created a dangerous misunderstanding of Czech intentions when they urged their fellow nationals to tear down German signs in Prague and to replace them with Czech language posters. See PN, March 19, 1848, KHPS, I, p. 235; and K.J. Beneš, ed., Rok 1848 v projevech současníků (Prague, 1948), pp. 54–55. Also offensive to Germans were the activities of the Svatováclavský sbor (St. Wenceslaus Corps), later renamed Svornost (Unanimity). As a paramilitary civilian guard, the corps committed itself to defend always and everywhere the Czech nationality”, and some of its members incited riots and intimidated persons considered unsympathetic to Czech aspirations. Such activities may have suggested to the Germans a Czech desire for exclusive control of the Bohemian revolution. Additional information is in Josef Toužimský, Na úsvitě nové doby (Prague, 1898), pp. 157–59, and in W.W. Tomek, Paměti z meho ziwota (2 vols.; Prague, 1904–05), I, p. 259.

The Czechs, for their part, objected to the wearing of the Great German tricolors in Prague which, in early April, produced a number of violent clashes between Czech and German partisans on the avenue Příkopy. See Palacký’s concerned remarks before the Národní vybor on April 13 and 14, FPSD, I, p. 38. In addition, it is clear that there was strong pro-Frankfurt sentiment in Bohemia already weeks before


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MY BIBLE.—MINN1E SCOTT.

work will be good for both body and soul, and you will find yourself a much less ill-treated was a matter of doubt. “I believe I am cured of my follies—a few of  them, at least, and you shall complete the good work."

“Ah, Raphael!” she repeated, with an affectation of Mrs. Warner’s manner, which was irresistible.

But Lydia was far too wise to allow that name to become a subject of irritation, and she never again alluded to the past unless her hus- band invited the conversation.

Fortunately Mrs. Warner soon after left the city, and the husband and wife saw nothing more of their transcendental acquaintances; although they learned about a year after that the poetess had married again, whether from an appreciation of the man or his money-bags was a matter of doubt. Then it was that Guy made his full confession, and gave Lydia an account of his last visit to the poetess. Lydia was seated in her easy-chair in becoming invalid costume, and upon her lap slept the tiniest and prettiest baby that ever gladdened a young father‘s heart. When Guy ﬁnished, the wife looked up with affected commiseration, saying only,

“Oh, Raphael!”

The tone and glance were enough; they both laughed until the babe awoke, and lay staring at them with her serious, blue eyes, as if she could not understand the matter at all, and was some what inclined to think their conduct rather undigniﬁed, considering their position and her presence.

MY

BIBLE.

BY MARGARET LEE BUTENBUB. It tells me. in beautiful story, Of the streams by that unbounded shore,

By the cross of the cruciﬁed Saviour, And the thorns that they placed on his head.

Where the saints in their white robes of glory,

It tells of the tear-moving prayer

Are haunted by sorrow no more. It tells of that land where no shadow Of sin ever darkens the way,

He breathed in his agonized love, That, if might be, the cup could pass from him, And “forgive” to the Father above!

That vindeth for spirits in rapture,

No night—but a limitless day.

It tells how he wont unto Ileawn.

From the tomb-way with death that was pared,

It tells that the pilgrim is weary

And hm those who are holy in spirit

No more in that Heavenly scene, Where the Shepherd will lead him by waters Ettgirdled with pastures of green. It tells of a friendship unbroken, 0f love, that can never grow dim: That God will wipe tears from the faces Of all that He calls unto Him. It tells that no sickness can enter, No woes that on earth are e’er known, Can disturb the repose of the dwellers That stand in delight by his throne.

Will with Him in Eden be saved. Then who would not yearn for the waters Of life on that beautiful shore, Enwrenthed with a verdure unfading, And blossoms that bloom evermoret 0 For the wings of the seraph to wander With its countless and angelic band, As they sing with a crown on each forehead. And harp of bright gold in the hand. Ohl teach us, thou “Holy of Ilolies," To ﬁnd, by the “Book” thou hast given,

It tells of the undeﬁled martyr,

That pathway, though narrow and lowly,

And that taunts and rerilinge were shed

Which leadeth to Thee and to Heaven. Nov, Minnie Scott, I tell you what, I’m not the slave of your eapricee, To come and go, to wait and do

SCOTT.

FRANCES HENRIETTA SHEFFIELD.

A step too far In love’s sweet. war. And for her mshnees win just censure. Now, Minnie dear, will you please hear

As your capricious highness pleases.

And Minnie Scott, you’ve quite forgot ’Tis woman’s lot too oft to venture

With patient ear the terms 1 tender, Since you won't yield, nor quit the ﬁeld, Lay down your arms and I‘ll surrender.


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 GILLIAN.

BY MRS. ANN S. STEPHENS.

[Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1859, by Mrs. Ann S. Stephens, in the Clerk** Office of the District Court of the United States, for the Southern District of New York.]

CONTINUED PROM PAGE 155.

CHAPTER III.

“Your grandfather and I brought out the horses and drove like lightning to the spot. We turned down a cross-road And rode along the foot of the precipice, knowing well enough that it was of no use looking for them at the top, for, a long way off, we could see one wheel of the carriage where it was wedged in between two rocks, and that most awful of all Bounds, the groans of a horse, reached us, long before we came in sight of the poor critter, where it lay among the loose stones at the foot of the ledge, with a part of the broken carriage a lying across his back. He began to whinny as pitiful as a hurt baby when we came in sight, and, anxious as we were about the human souls, I hadn’t the heart to go by without cutting him loose from his mate, which had broken his neck, and was dead as a door nail.

“A little higher up the hill, where the earth sloped down from the foot of the rocks, we saw your father sitting on a piece of rock, and hold- ing his cousin’s head in his lap. We hollered out to know if all was right; but he didn’t answer: there wasn’t breath enough in his body to force out a word, but his look was awful. I never set my eyes on so white a face in all my life.

“We held on by the brushwood, and climbed up to where he sat with the dead man across his knees. I don’t know which was the palest, his or the cold face turned upward, as he searched for a breath of life.

“I had never seen your father before, but should have known him by the look of his cousin; for, one in his cold death, and the other so still and panic-struck, looked so much alike that I could hardly tell which was killed or which saved. At first 1 thought it really was our young Bentley that asked us, in a faint voice, to try if  we could do nothing toward bringing the form across his knee to life. But a glimpse of the dead face put me right: so I and the old man knelt down and tried our best to bring the poor fellow to, but it was of no use: his temple had struck against a sharp point of rock, and the skull was crushed in, only in one spot, but it  was enough to send him into eternity, and, Qod have mercy upon him, he was gone to his last account.

“We lifted the dead body from your father's arms and carried it down the hill. While father and I were weaving some hemlock boughs to¬ gether for a kind of bier to carry him on, your father came slowly down, looking pale as ever, and with one arm hanging loose and limp by his side. It was easy enough to see that it was broke, though he said nothing, only pressing his lips that grew white with pain, and giving out a sharp breath now and then. We helped him on to father’s horse, and, laying the dead body carefully on the rough bier, turned toward home.

“We hadn’t but just got to the cross-road when sister Sarah came up, without a sign of a bon¬ net on, and her hair all afloat. There wasn’t a bit of color in her face, and I hardly knew her at first„for her eyes seemed as large again as natural, and, though blue enough when she was cheerful, they shone out deep and black as & thunder cloud now.

“She gave one sharp look, first at the man on horseback; then at the poor fellow my father and I carried on our shoulders. Then she flung up her arms, and sent out a cry so sharp and full of pain, that we stood tock still frightened to the heart by it.

“She seemed to be afraid of coming near us, but went close up to the horse on which your father rode, and, laying her hand on the mane, asked something in a hoarse whisper.

“He answered her in a low voice, for he was too faint for loud words; but I knew that he was telling her the man we carried was dead.

“She let her hand fall from the neck of his horse, and stood still, as if his words had frozen her. I was loaded down with the dead, and could not go to comfort her: so, when we moved on, sho followed after, with great, heavy tears rolling down her face, and raising a sob now and then that it would have broken your heart to hear.

“As we went on, moving slowly up the road.


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 GILLIAN.

233

I saw sister Hetty coming toward us: she looked like one carrying a heavy load that she couldn’t keep from staggering under. She saw us wind¬ ing round a turn of the road, and her limbs seemed to wilt under her, for she sunk down to the grass and covered her face with both hands, as if the sight of us had struck her blind. Sarah ran forward, sending back a cry that almost made us tremble.

“She came up to Hetty and sunk down by her side, winding both arms around her neck, and Bobbed dreadfully: we could hear her rods off, it really seemed as if her heart was breaking. Hetty did not look up, or move; but when she heard our tramp on the road she sort of stretched out her limbs with a quivering motion, and fell sideways on the grass, bringing Sarah, who clung around her, to the ground, and turning her sobs into screams.

“We stopped a minute, sat the bier down, and tried to comfort the gals; but they clung together, and I thought Sarah tried to bury Hetty’s face in her lap till we took up the bier again. I felt very sorry for poor Sarah, for after that sleigh- ride, the letter and all the rest, it was easy guessing why her sobs were so quick and deep. As for Hetty, she always was a timersome, soft¬ hearted creature, and the sight of a dead man was enough to make her faint away any time.

“We went home and the gals followed, creep¬ ing heavily along after us with the stillness of two ghosts. We laid young Bentley out in the spare room yonder; and, after helping the wounded young man up stairs, I got him to bed, while your grandfather went after a doctor.

“The poor young fellow was in dreadful pain, but he choked bock his groans and bore up like a hero. I was obliged to call Sarah to help to take care of him; but Hetty staid below with the corpse, half Beared to death I could see, for when I went down stairs, once or twice in the night, she was sitting by the bed, as white as the wind¬ ing-sheet, and as still as the form it covered. Her eyes fairly frightened me when she looked toward the door, they darkened like a thunder¬ cloud before it bursts. I tried to make her go up stairs, but she only shook her head, and so I left her all night alone with the dead man, and a terrible night it was to us all

“We buried young Bentley in the grave-yard down yonder. It was a sorrowful business to us all, for we were uncertain who the heir might be, and, for anything we knew, he might not prove exactly the person we should want to have power over the farm. So, with the sick man up stairs, and a funeral winding from the house, everything seemed gloomy enough, especially as the gals went about like ghosts, sc&roely speak- ing a word, and looking at each other woefully whenever they met.

“After awhile we found out that Mr. Bentley, your father, was heir to his cousin, and in some sort owner of the farm. He was a splendid young fellow, too: with that face and voice of his he might have made any girl fall in love with him except our Hetty. I really don’t think she ever cared for anybody in the world, she always was a quiet, old maidish thing.

“After the funeral she grew more shy and still than ever.

“But Sarah spent half her time in the sick man’s room, and though she seemed troubled, yet I could see with half an eye that she was getting over the shock of her lover’s death. I said lover, for after what I had seen nothing would have convinced me that our Sarah had not been heart and soul engaged to the young man who was gone; but if she could forget him and fancy the other, what business had any of us to interfere? For my part, I was glad to see her color coming back, and her eyes growing bright again.

“I don’t know what passed between the young people during the six weeks that he lay sick at our house. But though she seemed wildly cheerful at times, the trouble never entirely left her eyes; and more than once I caught her crying away by herself, which was natural enough under the circumstances, you know.

“As Mr. Bentley grew better, and was able to carry his arm in a sling, Sarah’s troublo seemed to increase, and she staid with Hetty in their own room a great deal more than I ever remembered to have seen her before. It seemed as if she wanted to keep out of our visitors way somehow.

“He did not seem to like this, and one morning, when I rode over to the homestead, and found him sitting lonesomely in the front stoop, he asked me m a quiet way if I could tell him what particular business hi9 cousin had come to the country about, and why he himself had been so urgently invited to share the journey.

“I told him truly enough that I did not know: when he said with a strange smile,

“‘I almost supposed it might be a wedding that brought him here, from some words that be used in pressing the invitation; but as no one of your family has said anything about it, the object of his coming puzzles me exceedingly.

Tell me, was our visit expected?

“I was troubled how to answer this question, and felt the blood grow warm in my face. I remembered how anxious and restless my sister


text:
Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2005/Division C/Title V

SEC. 501.

 * None of the funds appropriated by this Act may be used in any way, directly or indirectly, to influence congressional action on any legislation or appropriation matters pending before Congress, other than to communicate to Members of Congress as described in 18 U.S.C. 1913.

SEC. 502.

 * None of the funds made available in this Act may be transferred to any department, agency, or instrumentality of the United States Government, except pursuant to a transfer made by, or transfer authority provided in, this Act or any other appropriation Act.

SEC. 503.

 * None of the funds made available in this Act may be used to deny requests for the public release of documents or evidence obtained through or in the Western Energy Markets: Enron Investigation (Docket No. PA02-2, the California Refund case (Docket No. EL00-05), the Anomalous Bidding Investigation (Docket No. IN03-10), or the Physical Withholding Investigation.

SEC. 504. EXTENSION OF PROHIBITION OF OIL AND GAS DRILLING IN THE GREAT LAKES.

 * Section 503 of the Energy and Water Development Appropriations Act, 2002 (115 Stat. 512), as amended, is amended by striking "2005" and inserting "2007".

SEC. 505.

 * The Secretary of the Army is hereby authorized, without further appropriation, to transfer and advance funds to the Administrator of the Bonneville Power Administration for the purposes necessary to carry out joint activities in connection with section 2406 of the Energy Policy Act of 1992.

SEC. 506. VOTING METHOD FOR DELTA REGIONAL AUTHORITY.

 * Section 382B(c)(1) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act (7 U.S.C. 2009aa-1(c)(1)) is amended—
 * (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking "2004" and inserting "2008"; and
 * (2) in subparagraph (B), by striking "2005" and inserting "2009".


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Rh mon. We have the highest authority that ‘out of the mouths of babes and sucklings has the Lord established strength,’ and surely of all the influences for good in the world, none is comparable to the lily souls of little children. That Jews, by their diffusion of folk-tales, have furnished so large an amount of material to the childish imagination of the civilized world is, to my mind, no slight thing for Jews to be proud of. It is one of the conceptions that make real to us the idea of the Brotherhood of Man, which, in Jewish minds, is forever associated with the Fatherhood of God.”

J. Jacobs.—The Diffusion of Folk Tales (in Jewish Ideals, p. 135); The Fables of Bidpai (London, 1888) and Barluam and Joshaphat (Introductions).

Steinschneider.—Jewish Literature, p. 174.

 * J. Jacobs.—Jews of Angevin England, pp. 165 seq., 278.
 * A. Neubauer.—J. Q. R., II, p. 520.

 * I. Abrahams.—J. Q. R., VI, p. 502 (with English translation of the Book of Delight).


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Rh the Wind oon after proved fair, they made all the Sails they could, teering for Iceland, which they reach'd the Day following, and enter'd the Bay of St. Patrick, which lies on the Wet Coat of the Iland, in the Morning early when they were milking their Cows. Birn of Skaraa (as we learn by the aforeaid Thormoder Torfager) gives the following Relation: In our Time (ays he) one name John Greenlander, who for a coniderable Time had been employed in the Service of the Hamburgh Merchants, in a Voyage from thence to Iceland, met with contrary Winds and tormy Weather, in which he narrowly ecaped being cat away, and lot with Ship and Crew upon the dreadful Rocks of Greenland, by getting in at lat to a fine Bay, which contained many Ilands, where he happily came to an Anchor under a deert Iland; and it was not long before he pied everal other Ilands not far off, that were inhabited; which for fear of the Inhabitants, he for a while did not dare to approach; till at lat he pluck'd up a good Heart,

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158 not travel to foreign places. But Enan coaxes Joseph to go with him, and as they ride on, they tell one another a very long series of excellent tales, and exchange many witty remarks and anecdotes. When at last they reach Enan’s city, Joseph discovers that his guide is a demon. In the end, Joseph breaks away from him, and returns home to Barcelona. Now, it is very remarkable that this collection of tales, written in exquisite Hebrew, closely resembles the other collections in which Europe delighted later on. It is hard to believe that Zabara’s work had no influence in spreading these tales. At all events, Jews, Christians, and Mohammedans, all read and enjoyed the same stories, all laughed at the same jokes. “It is,” says Mr. Jacobs, “one of those touches of nature which make the whole world kin. These folk-tales form a bond, not alone between the ages, but between many races who think they have nothing in com-


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Rh Æsop’s, but it is very possible that the first knowledge of Æsop gained in England was derived from a Latin translation of Berachya.

Of greater poetical merit was Joseph Zabara’s “Book of Delight,” written in about the year 1200 in Spain. In this poetical romance a large number of ancient fables and tales are collected, but they are thrown into a frame-work which is partially original. One night he, the author, lay at rest after much toil, when a giant appeared before him, and bade him rise. Joseph hastily obeyed, and by the light of the lamp which the giant carried partook of a fine banquet which his visitor spread for him. Enan, for such was the giant’s name, offered to take Joseph to another land, pleasant as a garden, where all men were loving, all men wise. But Joseph refused, and told Enan fable after fable, about leopards, foxes, and lions, all proving that it was best for a man to remain where he was and


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16 Heart, and ending his Boat on Shore, went to the next Houe, which eem'd but very mall and mean. Here he found all the Accoutrements, neceary to fit out a he aw alo a  or mall Hut, made up of Stones, to dry Fih therein, as it is cutomary in Iceland. There laid a dead Body of a Man, extended upon the Ground, with his Face downwards; a Cap ewed together on his Head; the ret of his Cloathing was made partly of coare Cloth, and partly of an old rutly Knife was found at his Side, which the Captain took, in order to hew it to his Friends at his Return home to Iceland, to erve for a Token of what he had een. 'Tis further aid, that this Commander was three times by Stres of Weather driven upon the Coats of Greenland, by which he obtained the Surname of Greenlander.

This Relation can be no more than of a Hundred Years tanding, as Theodore Torlack affirms; becaue the abovementioned Annals, in which we read it, were com- poed

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folk-tales of India were communicated to Europe in two ways. First, there was an oral diffusion. In friendly conversation round the family hearth, in the convivial intercourse of the tavern and divan, the wit and wisdom of the East found a home in the West. Having few opportunities of coming into close relations with Christian society, the Jews had only a small share in the oral diffusion of folk-tales. But there was another means of diffusion, namely, by books. By their writings the Jews were able to leave some impress on the popular literature of Europe.

This they did by their translations. Sometimes the Jews translated fables and


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154 folk-tales solely for their own use, and in such cases the translations did not leave the Hebrew form into which they were cast. A good example of this was Abraham Ibn Chisdai’s “Prince and Nazirite,” compiled in the beginning of the thirteenth century. It was a Hebrew version of the legend of Buddha, known as “Barlaam and Joshaphat.” In this the story is told of a prince’s conversion to the ascetic life. His father had vainly sought to hold him firm to a life of pleasure by isolating him in a beautiful palace, far from the haunts of man, so that he might never know that such things as evil, misery, and death existed. Of course the plan failed, the prince discovered the things hidden from him, and he became converted to the life of self-denial and renunciation associated with the saintly teaching of Buddha. This story is the frame into which a number of charming tales are set, which have found their way into the popular literature of all the


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156 was made in 1251 probably was also the work of the Jewish school of translators established in Toledo by Alfonso. The Greek version, which was earlier still, and dates from 1080, was equally the work of a Jew. Thus, as Mr. Joseph Jacobs has shown, this curious collection of fables, which influenced Europe more perhaps than any book except the Bible, started as a Buddhistic work, and passed over to the Mohammedans and Christians chiefly through the mediation of Jews.

Another interesting collection of fables was made by Berachya ha-Nakdan (the Punctuator, or Grammarian). He lived in England in the twelfth century, or according to another opinion he dwelt in France a century later. His collection of 107 “Fox Fables” won wide popularity, for their wit and point combined with their apt use of Biblical phrases to please the medieval taste. The fables in this collection are all old, many of them being


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Rh world. But in this spread of the Indian stories, the book of Abraham Ibn Chisdai had no part.

Far other it was with the Hebrew translation of the famous Fables of Bidpai, known in Hebrew as Kalila ve-Dimna. These fables, like those contained in the “Prince and Nazirite,” were Indian, and were in fact birth-stories of Buddha. They were connected by means of a frame, or central plot. A large part of the popular tales of the Middle Ages can be traced to the Fables of Bidpai, and here the Jews exerted important influence. Some authorities even hold that these Fables of Bidpai were brought to Spain directly from India by Jews. This is doubtful, but it is certain that the spread of the Fables was due to Jewish activity. A Jew translated them into Hebrew, and this Hebrew was turned into Latin by the Italian John of Capua, a Jew by birth, in the year 1270. Moreover, the Old Spanish version which


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 all three seen clearly, one could depend on the weather not to spoil any plans for that particular evening.

In the days of Aratus, 270, this advice as to how to judge the weather by means of the tiny cloud on the back of Cancer, the Crab, was taken so seriously that he gave it in quite extensive detail in his poem Phenomena:

In English folklore, Præsepe is called the Beehive, although this name was likely given it after telescopes were invented and it was seen that the dim light was resolved into a multitude of little flecks, like a hive of golden bees.

Præsepe passes the meridian about 9 P. M. on March 15th or 2 o'clock A. M. on the morning of January 1st. It is best seen on a clear night when the moon is absent from the sky, and a glass of any kind will make it more interesting.

Both the Crab and the Hydra, who also has a constellation in the sky, are quaint ways of commemorating the adventures of Hercules, but his fierce Nemean lion is the most important just at this instant, so on with the line of floats!

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text: Chapters on Jewish Literature/Chapter 15


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The name of Coma Berenices,—Berenice's Hair,—was derived from an Egyptian fable which dates back as far as the 3rd century B. C. Before this time, the constellation was the tuft on the tail of Leo, the Lion. Thus we find Præsepe, an interesting cluster of stars, just in front of Leo, and Coma Berenices, an equally interesting cluster, just behind him. These two clusters are among the very few clusters that may be located with the unaided eye.

Coma Berenices is most clearly visible on a dark night almost overhead in the early evenings of May. With an effect like 90 minute stars scattered on velvet, these stars are quite unlike anything else in the heavens that is visible without optical aid.

Astronomers have found that many of the stars in this constellation are of a delicate lilac color. These lilac stars are often the companions of other stars, forming such lovely color combinations as orange and lilac, white and lilac and blue and lilac, although these double stars are not easy to locate in this thick sprinkling of stars without the help of a telescope with an equatorial mounting and graduated circles. One wonders what it would be like to have a lilac sun as a source of light, and what would be the psychological reaction on generations of beings brought up under pale lights, mauve mists and shadowy purples. There seems to be a slight difference in even the general characteristics of our earthly folks when those who live in a land of perpetual sunshine are compared with those who live in a city smothered in murky fogs.

The telescope has also discovered in Coma Berenices the rare sight of over 100 nebulæ drawn together in a close group. We say a "close group," but these nebulæ only look crowded to us

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Rh "Well not exactly. I got the donkey engines to work, and made them lower and hoist the stuff to and from the boat. But every ounce of it I rowed across myself, making sometimes fifty journeys in the day. Oh, I wasn't idle.

"It was just six months ago that I made my second start. I knew more of the river now, although the constant shifting of its currents and sand banks used to puzzle the old pilots, I remember. So I got safe down to the mouth, when I found several large vessels lying at anchor across the outlet. These were ships of the new breed"—I observed she spoke very contemptuously of the new self-moving machines.

"By Jove!" said Gell, "they must have been the same we fought with."

"You fought them? Then that accounts for the distant cannonade I heard one day shortly after I had lost you? And what was the result? But I need not ask, for I know you got safely here."

"Oh we sank a lot of them, and cut our way through. Luckily we had the help of Dana and his crew who had just returned from a long cruise."

"Well there's more news for me," replied Aurelia.


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 because they lie at such an unthinkable distance from our solar system.

An ancient story, current 246, relates that this constellation was named after the beautiful hair of Berenice, Queen of Euergetes, one of the Ptolemies of Egypt. The husband of this Queen had gone to Assyria on a dangerous campaign and, grieving over his delay in returning, the Queen vowed to cut off her long locks of hair and consecrate it to the gods in the temple of Venus, if he might only come back to Egypt safe and victorious.

Not long after this great sacrifice had been determined upon, Euergetes returned and the Queen cut off her tresses and hung them in the temple of the goddess. But that same night the hair was stolen! Conon, the royal astronomer of Alexandria, however, in his goodness of heart and thinking to protect the guardians of the temple from their majesties' displeasure, stepped forward and declared that Venus had so appreciated such love as possessed by this faithful Queen that she had caught up the strands of beautiful hair and laid them in the heavens. All looked toward the spot at which the astronomer pointed, and, sure enough, there lay near Leo a group of fine stars which shone like the mist on a woman's hair! Thus the guardians were saved, the husband appeased and the astounded Queen Berenice flattered and satisfied.

The Lion, Leo, however, was now obliged to change the position of his tail and instead of having it extended and brightened with this sprinkling of delicate stars, he was forced

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132 took me six months. At last, when my preparations were all ready I set sail, but had not run a mile down the river when I went hopelessly ashore upon a sandbank.

"I tried every means to get off. I backed the engines furiously—it was useless. I waited till the next spring-tide, and even got another vessel and with infinite labour made fast a hawser and tried to tow her off, but with no result. I cried with vexation, but it was no good; I had to begin my preparations all over again.

"So I found another vessel, the one in which I came here, tried the machinery and found it satisfactory, and spent a whole year in lading her. The first ship had fortunately a large stock of fuel on board, but this one was almost empty, and tons upon tons of compressed naptha cakes I carried on board single-handed. Fortunately the stores of the city of New Orleans were at my disposal, and once on board the self-feeding appliances of the machinery would take all the business of stoking off my hands."

"But do you mean that you carried with your own hands several hundred tons of fuel on board that vessel?" asked I in amazement.


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112 the cliffs and palm-trees to avoid discovery, in hopes to join us before the enemy could do us any damage. He well knew the hopelessness of any resistance we could offer, and was prepared to engage the whole of the hostile squadron single handed, and either defeat it or perish in the attempt.

The hesitation of the enemy gave us breathing-space. I saw the pressing need for haste, and signalled to Dana, "America and Roanoke have steam up. Send officers and men aboard;" and within five minutes was delighted to see two boats set off and pull hard for these vessels. It was only just in time.

For the enemy was again steaming onwards; the firing, intermitted for a time, had burst forth anew, and we saw some of the shell fall among our shanties and barns and set them afire. Fortunately the whole population except the few sick was out of doors.

There had been no time to arrange the plan of action, but by means of signals Dana made his design clear to the other vessels. Presently we saw them separate, the Hope bearing Southward, the other two Northward, so as to fetch a compass round the enemy's line. We observed that though four of the hostile


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 to draw it back and curl it behind the light of Denebola, where it has since remained.

The brilliant golden-yellow star, Arcturus, has always been a favorite among star-gazers. This star hangs like a great globe of tinted light from the end of a curve drawn from the Big Dipper's handle and is one of the first stars to appear during the summer evenings.

Two earthly honors have been given Arcturus which are well worth noting. In the excess of their great admiration, the Egyptian people in ancient times oriented huge temples to it at the cost of tremendous labor; it was also given special mention in the Bible.

Up near the Arctic circle, this lovely star never sets, but travels in a wide circular path above the horizon. Allen remarks on its use as timepiece for the seal-netters during the night fishing in December and January. The netters judge the time by the position of the star on the four points of the compass, in much the same manner that the Big Dipper is used for a clock as it swings around the pole. The heavens would appear rather strange to us as viewed from the far north for Polaris would rest almost at the zenith and the Big Dipper with its handle weighted down by Arcturus, would seem to encircle the sky above the earth on an unfamiliar pathway.

Boötes, the constellation in which Arcturus lies, is usually de-

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Rh squadron kept together in line the fifth remained behind, and took no part in the bombardment. Dana's manœuvre was made in order to avoid the heavy fire, which he rightly judged was being directed at our settlement rather than our ships.

The smoke concealed the contest from our view, till presently a tremendous explosion took place, and the shock to the atmosphere cleared the scene around. When we saw that one of the enemy had blown up, the excitement on shore knew no bounds. A few minutes later we saw the Roanoke bearing down upon another of the foe, with intent to ram her, but before the issue of the collision could be seen the pall of smoke again fell and concealed all from our gaze. The firing slackened. What would we not have given to know the fortunes of the fight?

So the battle continued for above half an hour, the smoke cloud drifting slowly northward or southward with the motions of the contending squadrons. At last the firing nearly ceased, the smoke began to thin, and we saw the last scene of the engagement. Our three vessels, thank God, were still afloat, while of the enemy's line only one was still showing fight,


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114 and the fifth or remaining ship hovered on the outskirts of the battle like a neutral spectator or newspaper reporter in a general engagement. And now the Roanoke and America ranged up on either side of the last fighting foe, and poured shot after shot into her bowels, till at last finding this method too slow, the latter drew away to some distance, and then rammed her with such force that she sank in five minutes. A rousing cheer from every throat proclaimed us once more the victors.

But Dana in the Hope now turned towards the cowardly foe that had kept a whole skin during the battle, while the America and Roanoke stood for the harbour, and were welcomed with cheer upon cheer as they steamed victoriously in. We had proved once more that man was lord of the world, and that neither brute-beasts nor monsters of iron and steel could dispute the mastery with him, save when he was already conquered by his own cowardice.

Having welcomed our sailors in hearty fashion we again turned our attention to Dana and his antagonist. The latter still showed no stomach for fighting, but fled, hotly pursued by the Hope. Both were


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Rh miles away before the vessels met. We anxiously looked to see the expected firing, followed by the inevitable ramming; but to our surprise, neither took place. Instead of this the two vessels turned their heads and proceeded homeward in company. It seemed that Dana must have taken her prisoner, and put a prize crew on board, but why had he not rather sunk the hated monster in the depths of the Pacific? We needed no such captives in our peaceful isles.

However we should soon know all. Half an hour's steaming brought the two ships into harbour, the anchors were dropped, a boat put off from the Hope's side, and as we gathered to welcome the gallant admiral of our victorious fleet, what was my amazement—my rapture—my stupefaction, to see him hand on shore !


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118 moments, and then unable to endure more, fell lifeless to the ground. The disturbance caused among the bystanders attracted Aurelia's attention, who suddenly aware of the reason, tore herself from my arms, and fell at the side of the breathless form of her true lover. Forgetting all around, she called him by every endearing name; told him how she had kept alive all these years for him, and for him alone; implored him to return to life for her sake; and laying her soft warm cheek to his so cold and ghastly from pallor and soot, prayed God not to blight her return home with so cruel a blow.

And from the very gates of death through which the soul was passing—nay I have sometimes thought it had even passed—strong love brought back that life which was so precious to her who prayed. The eyelids quivered, the heart began feebly to beat: the respiration again commenced to stir the relaxed and exanimate body; and at last a faint sigh caught by the loving ear of my true-hearted child caused the hot tears to pour down from her cheeks to those of her dear heart's love. "He lives—he lives"—cried she; and a gasp of relief passing through the throng indi-


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 scribed as forming a kite-shaped figure of stars, which though faint, covers a great deal of sky. Boötes, as mentioned before, was a herdsman who invented the plow, and as a reward for this ingenious method of tilling the soil, was raised to a position below the stars of the Big Dipper. But according to another story, Boötes represents Arcas, the son of Callisto, whom Juno so cruelly turned into a bear. In modern days this legend seems to have been given preference for, during the seventeenth century, Helvetius invented the Hunting Dogs, the constellation of Canes Venatici, and the huge figure of Boötes has since been usually pictured on the star maps as holding two lively dogs in leash. These Dogs are interposed between Boötes and Ursa Major. Although the Hunting Dogs have no mythology, the two constellations are thus united in a common picture and Boötes and his dogs are said to be chasing the Bear.

In Ovid's version of the legend, the hunter was placed in the sky just as he was and not first metamorphosed into a bear and hung on the Pole Star as Ursa Minor. Not recognizing his mother in the form of Ursa Major, Boötes keeps on pursuing her in an eternal chase about the Pole. He is thus often called "The Watcher of the Bear" or "The Bear Driver." Those who choose to consider Callisto's son, Areas, as having been metamorphosed into a bear and hung on the pole of the heavens may then consider Boötes as representing the herdsman who invented the plow.

The two Hunting Dogs, "Asterion" and "Chara," now held enchained by Boötes, form the constellation Canes Venatici, which lies just below the handle of the Big Dipper and above Arcturus and Berenice's Hair. The collar of the hunting dog Chara is marked by the star Cor Carolli, which means "Charles' Heart"

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 Palacký’s letter or the formal Czech-German split, and German leaders only briefly discouraged its spread. See Reichenberger Wochenblatt, April 1, 1848; Prager Zeitung, April 5, 1848; and Černý, ed., Boj za právo, p. 82. On most accounts, Czech and German liberals shared responsibility for the deterioration of their relations.

“Ein Brief an Herr Franz Palacky,” Constitutionelles Blatt aus Böhmen, April 18, 1848. The response was written on the fifteenth, published three days later.

“Böhmen und das Frankfurter Parliament,” ibid., April 19, 1848. Cf. Heinrich Reutter, “Eine zweite Stimme über Oesterreichs Anschluss an Deutschland,” Prager Zeitung, April 18, 1848.

“Offenes Sendschreiben an meine Landsleute,” Bohemia, April 20, 1848.

Ibid.

“Rakousy,” NN, April 19, 1848, KHPS, II/1, pp. 17–18.

Robert Maršan, Čechové a Němci r. 1848 a boj o Frankfurt (Prague, 1898), pp. 73–75.

NN, April 19, 1848, KHPS, II/1. p. 18.

Ibid., pp. 18–19.

The German-dominated counterpart was the “Verein der Deutschen aus Böhmen, Mähren und Schlesien zur Aufrechthaltung ihrer Nationalitat.”

NN, May 19, 1848, in Václav Žáček, ed., Slovanský sjezd v Praze roku 1848: sbírka dokumentů (Prague, 1958), pp. 53–54. See also Václav Čejchan, “Ke vzniku myšlenky slovanského sjezdu,” Slovanský přehled, XX (1928), pp. 401–02. For attitudes of other Slavs toward the congress, see Jaroslav Šidak, “Austroslavizam i Slavenski Kongres u Pragu,” Historijski pregled, III (1960), pp. 210–13.

FPSD, I, p. 51. Josef Fischer, ed., ''Z politického odkazu Frant. Palackého: výbor statí'' (Prague, 1926), pp. 57–58, and 193. NN, June 29, 1848, KHPS, II/1, pp. 62–64.

FPSD, I, pp. 65–67. NN, October 25, 1848, and January 21, 1849, KHPS, II/1, pp. 187, and 274–76.

FPSD. I, pp. 59–64, 69–74, 112–20. Also Fischer, Myšlenka a dílo, I, pp. 225–26.

The reasons for the failure of constitutional government in Austria in 1848–49 are discussed in A.J.P. Taylor, The Habsburg Monarchy (London, 1960), pp. 71–85.

PN, March 19, 1848, KHPS, I, p. 239.

There is evidence of vacillation between Staatsrecht and “nationality” in practically all of Havlíček’s writing on constitutional government. In 1842, even before he embarked on his public career, he viewed the Bohemian kingdom as a legally indivisible unit comprised of all its historic units, including Silesia. See his map in Fond II T4–14, Literární archív Památníku národního písemnictví v Praze (LAPNP). The fact that the kingdom had lost the greater part of Silesia was due to the “illegal Prussian seizure” of 1742. NN, April 7, 1848, KHPS, II/1, p. 7. Early in the revolution, even as he spoke of Staatsrecht, he supported the plan of Oesterreichische Zeitung for a monarchy composed of ethnically homogenous, federal autonomous units. The latter clearly violated Staatsrecht, See “Die Völker Oesterreichs,” OZ, April 1, 1848; and NN, April 7, 1848, KHPS, II/1, pp. 5, 7. For additional information and contrasts see the issues of Národní noviny for the following dates: April 18 and August 1, 1848, and October 28 and November 8–9, 1849. KHPS,