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It was exactly half past three when we entered the rotunda of the Stuyvesant Club. Markham at once sent for the manager, and held a few words of private conversation with him. The manager then hastened away, and was gone about five minutes.

"Mr. Spotswoode is in his rooms," he informed Markham, on returning. "I sent the electrician up to test the light bulbs. He reports that the gentleman is alone, writing at his desk."

"And the room number?"

"Three forty-one." The manager appeared perturbed. "There won't be any fuss, will there, Mr. Markham?"

"I don't look for any." Markham's tone was chilly. "However, the present matter is considerably more important than your club."

"What an exaggerated point of view!" sighed Vance when the manager had left us. "The arrest of Spotswoode, I'd say, was the acme of futility. The man isn't a criminal, don't y' know; he has nothing in common with Lombroso's Uomo Delinquente. He's what one might term a philosophic behaviorist."

Markham grunted but did not answer. He began pacing up and down agitatedly, keeping his eyes ex-


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 pectantly on the main entrance. Vance sought a comfortable chair, and settled himself in it with placid unconcern.

Ten minutes later Heath and Snitkin arrived. Markham at once led them into an alcove and briefly explained his reason for summoning them.

"Spotswoode's up-stairs now," he said. "I want the arrest made as quietly as possible."

"Spotswoode!" Heath repeated the name in astonishment. "I don't see"

"You don't have to see—yet," Markham cut in sharply. "I'm taking all responsibility for the arrest. And you're getting the credit—if you want it. That suit you?"

Heath shrugged his shoulders.

"It's all right with me . . . anything you say, sir." He shook his head uncomprehendingly. "But what about Jessup?"

"We'll keep him locked up. Material witness."

We ascended in the elevator and emerged at the third floor. Spotswoode's rooms were at the end of the hall, facing the Square. Markham, his face set grimly, led the way.

In answer to his knock Spotswoode opened the door and, greeting us pleasantly, stepped aside for us to enter.

"Any news yet?" he asked, moving a chair forward.

At this moment he got a clear view of Markham's face in the light, and at once he sensed the minatory nature of our visit. Though his expression did not alter, I saw his body suddenly go taut. His cold, indecipherable eyes moved slowly from Markham's face

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 to Heath and Snitkin. Then his gaze fell on Vance and me, who were standing a little behind the others, and he nodded stiffly.

No one spoke; yet I felt that an entire tragedy was somehow being enacted, and that each actor heard and understood every word.

Markham remained standing, as if reluctant to proceed. Of all the duties of his office, I knew that the arrest of malefactors was the most distasteful to him. He was a worldly man, with the worldly man's tolerance for the misfortunes of evil. Heath and Snitkin had stepped forward and now waited with passive alertness for the District Attorney's order to serve the warrant.

Spotswoode's eyes were again on Markham.

"What can I do for you, sir?" His voice was calm and without the faintest quaver.

"You can accompany these officers, Mr. Spotswoode," Markham told him quietly, with a slight inclination of his head toward the two imperturbable figures at his side. "I arrest you for the murder of Margaret Odell."

"Ah!" Spotswoode's eyebrows lifted mildly. "Then you have—discovered something?"

"The Beethoven Andante."

Not a muscle of Spotswoode's face moved; but after a short pause he made a barely perceptible gesture of resignation.

"I can't say that it was wholly unexpected," he said evenly, with the tragic suggestion of a smile; "especially as you thwarted every effort of mine to secure the record. But then . . . the fortunes of the game are always uncertain." His smile faded,


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 and his manner became grave. "You have acted generously toward me, Mr. Markham, in shielding me from the canaille; and because I appreciate that courtesy I should like you to know that the game I played was one in which I had no alternative."

"Your motive, however powerful," said Markham, "cannot extenuate your crime."

"Do you think I seek extenuation?" Spotswoode dismissed the imputation with a contemptuous gesture. "I'm not a schoolboy. I calculated the consequences of my course of action, and after weighing the various factors involved, decided to risk it. It was a gamble, to be sure; but it's not my habit to complain about the misfortunes of a deliberately planned risk. Furthermore, the choice was practically forced upon me. Had I not gambled in this instance, I stood to lose heavily nevertheless."

His face grew bitter.

"This woman, Mr. Markham, had demanded the impossible of me. Not content with bleeding me financially, she demanded legal protection, position, social prestige—such things as only my name could give her. She informed me I must divorce my wife and marry her. I wonder if you apprehend the enormity of that demand? . . . You see, Mr. Markham, I love my wife, and I have children whom I love. I will not insult your intelligence by explaining how, despite my conduct, such a thing is entirely possible. . . . And yet, this woman commanded me to wreck my life and crush utterly those I held dear, solely to gratify her petty, ridiculous ambition! When I refused, she threatened to expose our relations to my wife, to send her copies of the letters I


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 had written, to sue me publicly—in fine, to create such a scandal that, in any event, my life would be ruined, my family disgraced, my home destroyed."

He paused and drew a deep inspiration.

"I have never been partial to half-way measures," he continued impassively. "I have no talent for compromise. Perhaps I am a victim of my heritage. But my instinct is to play out a hand to the last chip—to force whatever danger threatens. And for just five minutes, a week ago, I understood how the fanatics of old could, with a calm mind and a sense of righteousness, torture their enemies who threatened them with spiritual destruction. . . . I chose the only course which might save those I love from disgrace and suffering. It meant taking a desperate risk. But the blood within me was such that I did not hesitate, and I was fired by the agony of a tremendous hate. I staked my life against a living death, on the remote chance of attaining peace. And I lost."

Again he smiled faintly.

"Yes—the fortunes of the game. . . . But don't think for a minute that I am complaining or seeking sympathy. I have lied to others perhaps, but not to myself. I detest a whiner—a self-excuser. I want you to understand that."

He reached to the table at his side and took up a small limp-leather volume.

"Only last night I was reading Wilde's 'De Profundis.' Had I been gifted with words, I might have made a similar confession. Let me show you what I mean so that, at least, you won't attribute to me the final infamy of cravenness."


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 He opened the book, and began reading in a voice whose very fervor held us all silent:

I brought about my own downfall. No one, be he high or low, need be ruined by any other hand than his own. Readily as I confess this, there are many who will, at this time at least, receive the confession sceptically. And although I thus mercilessly accuse myself, bear in mind that I do so without offering any excuse. Terrible as is the punishment inflicted upon me by the world, more terrible is the ruin I have brought upon myself. . . . In the dawn of manhood I recognized my position. . . . I enjoyed an honored name, an eminent social position. . . . Then came the turning-point. I had become tired of dwelling on the heights—and descended by my own will into the depths. . . . I satisfied my desires wherever it suited me, and passed on. I forgot that every act, even the most insignificant act, of daily life, in some degree, makes or unmakes the character; and every occurrence which transpires in the seclusion of the chamber will some day be proclaimed from the housetops. I lost control of myself. I was no longer at the helm, and knew it not. I had become a slave to pleasure. . . . One thing only is left to me—complete humility.

He tossed the book aside.

"You understand now, Mr. Markham?"

Markham did not speak for several moments.

"Do you care to tell me about Skeel?" he at length asked.

"That swine!" Spotswoode sneered his disgust. "I could murder such creatures every day and regard myself as a benefactor of society. . . . Yes, I


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 strangled him, and I would have done it before, only the opportunity did not offer. . . . It was Skeel who was hiding in the closet when I returned to the apartment after the theatre, and he must have seen me kill the woman. Had I known he was behind that locked closet door, I would have broken it down and wiped him out then. But how was I to know? It seemed natural that the closet might have been kept locked—I didn't give it a second thought. . . . And the next night he telephoned me to the club here. He had first called my home on Long Island, and learned that I was staying here. I had never seen him before—didn't know of his existence. But, it seems, he had equipped himself with a knowledge of my identity—probably some of the money I gave to the woman went to him. What a muck-heap I had fallen into! . . . When he phoned, he mentioned the phonograph, and I knew he had found out something. I met him in the Waldorf lobby, and he told me the truth: there was no doubting his word. When he saw I was convinced, he demanded so enormous a sum that I was staggered."

Spotswoode lit a cigarette with steady fingers.

"Mr. Markham, I am no longer a rich man. The truth is, I am on the verge of bankruptcy. The business my father left me has been in a receiver's hands for nearly a year. The Long Island estate on which I live belongs to my wife. Few people know these things, but unfortunately they are true. It would have been utterly impossible for me to raise the amount Skeel demanded, even had I been inclined to play the coward. I did, however, give him a small sum to keep him quiet for a few days, promising him


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 all he asked as soon as I could convert some of my holdings. I hoped in the interim to get possession of the record and thus spike his guns. But in that I failed; and so, when he threatened to tell you everything, I agreed to bring the money to his home late last Saturday night. I kept the appointment, with the full intention of killing him. I was careful about entering, but he had helped me by explaining when and how I could get in without being seen. Once there, I wasted no time. The first moment he was off his guard I seized him—and gloried in the act. Then, locking the door and taking the key, I walked out of the house quite openly, and returned here to the club.—That's all, I think."

Vance was watching him musingly.

"So when you raised my bet last night," he said, "the amount represented a highly important item in your exchequer."

Spotswoode smiled faintly.

"It represented practically every cent I had in the world."

"Astonishin'! . . . And would you mind if I asked you why you selected the label of Beethoven's Andante for your record?"

"Another miscalculation," the man said wearily. "It occurred to me that if any one should, by any chance, open the phonograph before I could return and destroy the record, he wouldn't be as likely to want to hear the classics as he would a more popular selection."

"And one who detests popular music had to find it! I fear, Mr. Spotswoode, that an unkind fate sat in at your game."


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 "Yes. . . . If I were religiously inclined, I might talk poppycock about retribution and divine punishment."

"I'd like to ask you about the jewellery," said Markham. "It's not sportsmanlike to do it, and I wouldn't suggest it, except that you've already confessed voluntarily to the main points at issue."

"I shall take no offense at any question you desire to ask, sir," Spotswoode answered. "After I had recovered my letters from the document-box, I turned the rooms upside down to give the impression of a burglary—being careful to use gloves, of course. And I took the woman's jewellery for the same reason. Parenthetically, I had paid for most of it. I offered it as a sop to Skeel, but he was afraid to accept it; and finally I decided to rid myself of it. I wrapped it in one of the club newspapers and threw it in a waste-bin near the Flatiron Building."

"You wrapped it in the morning Herald," put in Heath. "Did you know that Pop Cleaver reads nothing but the Herald?"

"Sergeant!" Vance's voice was a cutting reprimand. "Certainly Mr. Spotswoode was not aware of that fact—else he would not have selected the Herald."

Spotswoode smiled at Heath with pitying contempt. Then, with an appreciative glance at Vance, he turned back to Markham.

"An hour or so after I had disposed of the jewels I was assailed by the fear that the package might be found and the paper traced. So I bought another Herald and put it on the rack." He paused. "Is that all?"


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 Markham nodded.

"Thank you—that's all; except that I must now ask you to go with these officers."

"In that case," said Spotswoode quietly, "there's a small favor I have to ask of you, Mr. Markham. Now that the blow has fallen, I wish to write a certain note—to my wife. But I want to be alone when I write it. Surely you understand that desire. It will take but a few moments. Your men may stand at the door—I can't very well escape. . . . The victor can afford to be generous to that extent."

Before Markham had time to reply, Vance stepped forward and touched his arm.

"I trust," he interposed, "that you won't deem it necess'ry to refuse Mr. Spotswoode's request."

Markham looked at him hesitantly.

"I guess you've pretty well earned the right to dictate, Vance," he acquiesced.

Then he ordered Heath and Snitkin to wait outside in the hall, and he and Vance and I went into the adjoining room. Markham stood, as if on guard, near the door; but Vance, with an ironical smile, sauntered to the window and gazed out into Madison Square.

"My word, Markham!" he declared. "There's something rather colossal about that chap. Y' know, one can't help admiring him. He's so eminently sane and logical."

Markham made no response. The drone of the city's mid-afternoon noises, muffled by the closed windows, seemed to intensify the ominous silence of the little bedchamber where we waited.

Then came a sharp report from the other room.

Markham flung open the door. Heath and Snitkin


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 were already rushing toward Spotswoode's prostrate body, and were bending over it when Markham entered. Immediately he wheeled about and glared at Vance, who now appeared in the doorway.

"He's shot himself!"

"Fancy that," said Vance.

"You—you knew he was going to do that?" Markham spluttered.

"It was rather obvious, don't y' know."

Markham's eyes flashed angrily.

"And you deliberately interceded for him—to give him the opportunity?"

"Tut, tut, my dear fellow!" Vance reproached him. "Pray don't give way to conventional moral indignation. However unethical—theoretically—it may be to take another's life, a man's own life is certainly his to do with as he chooses. Suicide is his inalienable right. And under the paternal tyranny of our modern democracy, I'm rather inclined to think it's about the only right he has left, what?"

He glanced at his watch and frowned.

"D' ye know, I've missed my concert, bothering with your beastly affairs," he complained amiably, giving Markham an engaging smile; "and now you're actually scolding me. 'Pon my word, old fellow, you're deuced ungrateful!"


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text: The "Canary" Murder Case

title: The "Canary" Murder Case


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Characters of the Book


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 1

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 1


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 2

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 2


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 3

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 3


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 4

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 4


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 5

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 5


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 6

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 6


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 7

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 7


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 8

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 8


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 9

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 9


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 10

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 10


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 11

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 11


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 12

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 12


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 13

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 13


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 14

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 14


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 15

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 15


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 16

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 16


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 17

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 17


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 18

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 18


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 19

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 19


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 20

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 20


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 21

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 21


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Rh "In prayer," he said.

"That may be, but perhaps some may not believe it. You know what Dante says: Ad ogni ver che ha faccia di menzogna Dee l'uom chiuder la bocca quant'ei puote, Però che senza colpa fa vergogna.

"Oh!" Don Clemente exclaimed, blushing, in his modest dignity, for those who were capable of harbouring vile suspicions.

"Forgive me, my son!" said the Abbot. "He is not accused, the appearances alone are criticised. Do not vex yourself. It is wiser to pray in the house! And these incidents of a supernatural character—pray tell me about them."

Don Clemente said they were visions—voices heard in the air.

"Hm! Hm!" ejaculated the Abbot, with a complicated play of wrinkled forehead, eyebrows, and lips, as if he were swallowing a mouthful of vinegar.

"You said his name was—? His real name?"

"Piero, but when he came here he wished to part with that name, and begged me to give him another. I chose 'Benedetto'—it seemed the most appropriate."


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 22

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 22


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 23

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 23


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 24

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 24


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 25

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 25


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 26

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 26


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title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 27


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title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 28


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 29

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 29


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Advertisements

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Advertisements


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104 At this point the Abbot expressed a wish to see Signor Benedetto, and desired Don Clemente to send him to him on the following morning after the office in the choir. At this Don Clemente was somewhat embarrassed, and had to confess that he could not promise to do so, because, as it happened, the young man had gone out among the hills to pass the night in prayer, and he did not know precisely at what hour he would return. The Abbot was greatly annoyed, and mumbled a series of reproaches and caustic remarks. Don Clemente therefore decided to tell him of the meeting with Signora Dessalle, the former mistress; of what had followed on the way home, of his determination to send Benedetto to Jenne, and to oblige him to remain there until the woman had gone. The Father Superior kept up a continuous, low grumbling, and heard him with knitted brows.

"Here," he exclaimed at last, "you are going back to the days of St. Benedict! to the wiles of shameless women! Let your Benedetto go, let him go, let him go! To Jenne and farther still! And you were not going to tell me this? Did it seem a matter of slight consequence? Was it of no consequence that intrigues of this sort should be carried on round the monastery? Now go; go, I say!"

Don Clemente was about to answer that he had not known of any intrigue, nor if the woman had recognised his disciple; that at any rate he


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 mediate lamina is not touched either by the iron or the stone. And these changes of verticity take place in smelted iron. Indeed what the one pole of the stone implants and excites, the other disturbs and extinguishes, and confers a new force. For it does not require a stronger loadstone to take away the weaker and sluggish virtue and to implant the new one; nor is iron inebriated by the equal strength of loadstones, and made utterly uncertain and neutral, as Baptista Porta teaches; but by one and the same loadstone, or by loadstones endowed with equal power and might, its strength is, in accordance with magnetick rules, turned round and changed, excited, repaired, or disturbed. But a loadstone itself, by being rubbed on another, whether a larger or a more powerful stone, is not disturbed from its own property and verticity, nor does it turn round toward the opposite direction in its boat, or to the other pole opposite to that to which it inclines by its own nature and implanted verticity. For strength which is innate and has been implanted for a very long time abides more firmly, nor does it easily yield from its ancient holding; and that which has grown for a long time is not all of a sudden brought to nothing, without the destruction of the substance containing it. Nevertheless in a long interval of time a change does take place; in one year, that is to say, or two, or sometimes in a few months; doubtless when a weaker loadstone remains lying by a stronger one contrary to the order of nature, namely, with the northern pole of one loadstone adjoined to the northern pole of another, or the southern to the southern. For so the weaker strength gradually declines with the lapse of time.

ELECT a piece of iron wire of three digits length, not touched by a loadstone (but it will be better if its acquired verticity be rather weak or have been damaged in some way); touch it and rub it on the æquator of a terrella, exactly on the æquinoctial line in the direction of its length, on the one end, or the ends only, or in all its parts; place the wire touched in this way on water in a cork fitted for it; it will swim about doubtfully on the waves without any acquired verticity, and the verticity previously implanted will be disturbed. If, however, it float by chance toward the poles, it will be checked a little by the poles of the earth, and will at length by the influence of the earth be indued with verticity.


text: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 30

title: The "Canary" Murder Case/Chapter 30


text: User:SnowyCinema/P/The Greene Murder Case


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AVING thus far demonstrated natural and inborn causes and powers acquired by means of the stone, we will now examine the causes of magnetick virtues in smelted iron that has not been excited by a stone. Loadstone and iron furnish and exhibit to us wonderful subtilities. It has been repeatedly shown above that iron not excited by a stone turns north and south; further that it has verticity, that is, special and peculiar polar distinctions, just as a loadstone, or iron which has been rubbed upon a loadstone. This indeed seemed to us at first wonderful and incredible; the metal of iron from the mine is smelted in the furnace; it runs out of the furnace, and hardens into a great mass; this mass is divided in great worksteads, and is drawn into iron bars, from which smiths again construct many instruments and necessary pieces of iron-work. Thus the same mass is variously worked up and transformed into very many similitudes. What is it, then, which


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 preserves its verticity, and whence is it derived? So take this first from the above smithy. Let the blacksmith beat out upon his anvil a glowing mass of iron of two or three ounces weight into an iron spike of the length of a span of nine inches. Let the smith be standing with his face to the north, his back to the south, so that the hot iron on being struck has a motion of extension to the north; and let him so complete his work with one or two heatings of the iron (if that be required); let him always, however, whilst he is striking the iron, direct and beat out the same point of it toward the north, and let him lay down that end toward the north. Let him in this way complete two, three, or more pieces of iron, nay, a hundred or four hundred; it is demonstrable that all those which are thus beaten out toward the north, and so placed whilst they are cooling, turn round on their centres; and floating pieces of iron (being transfixed, of course, through suitable corks) make a motion in the water, the determined end being toward the north. In the same way also pieces of iron acquire verticity from their direction whilst they are being beaten out and hammered or drawn out, as iron wires are accustomed to do toward some point of the horizon between east and south or between south and west, or in the opposite direction. Those, however, which are pointed or drawn out rather toward the eastern or western point, conceive hardly any verticity or a very undecided one. That verticity is especially acquired by being beaten out. But a somewhat inferior iron ore, in which no magnetick powers are apparent, if put in a fire (its position being observed to be toward the poles of the world or of the earth) and heated for eight or ten hours, then cooled away from the fire, in the same position towards the poles, acquires a verticity in accordance with the position of its heating and cooling. Let a rod of cast iron be heated red-hot in a strong fire, in which it lies meridionally (that is, along the path of a meridian circle), and let be removed from the fire and cooled, and let it return to its former temperature, remaining in the same position as before; then from this it will turn out that, if the same ends have been turned to the same poles of the earth, it will acquire verticity, and the end which looked toward the North on water with a cork before the heating, if it have been placed during the heating and cooling toward the fourth, now turns round to the south. But if perchance sometimes the rotation have been doubtful and somewhat feeble, let it be placed again in the fire, and when it is taken out at a red heat, let it be perfectly cooled toward the pole from which we desire the verticity, and the verticity will be acquired. Let the same rod be heated in the contrary position, and let it be placed so at a red heat it is cool; for it is from its position in cooling (by the operation of the verticity of the earth) that verticity is put into the iron, and it turns round to parts contrary to its former verticity. So


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 the end which formerly looked toward the north now turns to the south. In accordance with these reasonings and in these ways the boreal pole of the earth gives to the end of a piece of iron turned toward it a southern verticity, and that end is attracted by that pole. And here it must be observed that this happens to iron not only when it is cooled in the plane of the horizon, but also at any angle to it almost up to the perpendicular toward the centre of the earth. So the heated iron conceives vigour and verticity from the earth more quickly in the course of its return to its normal state, and in its recovery, as it were (in the course of which it is transformed), than by its mere position alone. This is effected better and more perfectly in winter and in colder air, when the metal returns more certainly to its natural temperature, than in summer and in warm regions. Let us see also what position alone and a direction toward the poles of the earth can effect by itself without fire and heat. Iron rods which have been placed and fixed for a long time, twenty or more years, from south to north (as they not infrequently are fixed in buildings and across windows), those rods, I say, by that long lapse of time acquire verticity and turn round, whether hanging in the air, or floating (being placed on cork), to the pole toward which they were pointing, and magnetically attract and repel a balanced iron magnetick; for the long continued position of the body toward the poles is of much avail. This fact (although conspicuous by manifest experiments) is confirmed by an incident related in an Italian letter at the end of a book of Maestro Filippo Costa, of Mantua, Sopra le Compositioni degli Antidoti written in Italian, which translated runs thus: "A druggist of Mantua showed me a piece of iron entirely changed into a magnet, drawing another piece of iron in such a way that it could be compared with a loadstone. Now this piece of iron, when it had for a long time held up a brick ornament on the top of the tower of the church of St. Augustine at Rimini, had been at length bent by the force of the winds, and remained so for a period of ten years. When the monks wished to bend it back to its former shape, and had handed it over to a blacksmith, a surgeon named Maestro Giulio Caesare discovered that it was like a magnet and attracted iron." This was caused by the turning of its extremities toward the poles for so long a time. And so what has been laid down before about change of verticity should be borne in mind; how in fact the poles of iron spikes are altered, when a loadstone is placed against them only with its pole and points toward them, even at a rather long distance. Clearly it is in the same way that that large magnet also (to wit, the earth itself) affects a piece of iron and changes its verticity. For, although the iron may not touch the pole of the earth, nor any magnetick part of the earth, yet verticity is acquired and changed; not because the poles of the earth and the point itself which is 39° distant


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 from our city of London, changes the verticity at a distance of so many miles; but because the whole magnetick earth, that which projects to a considerable height, and to which the iron is near, and that which is situated between us and the pole, and the vigour existing within the orbe of its magnetick virtue (the nature of the whole conspiring thereto), produces the verticity. For the magnetick effluence of the earth rules everywhere within the orbe of its virtue, and transforms bodies; but those things which are more similar to it, and specially connected with it by nature, it rules and controls; as loadstone and iron. Wherefore in very many matters of business and actions it is clearly not superstitious and idle to observe the positions and conditions of lands, the points of the horizon and the places of the stars. For as when a babe is brought forth into the light from its mother's womb, and acquires respiration and certain animal activities, then the planets and celestial bodies, according to their position in the universe, and according to that configuration which they have with regard to the horizon and the earth, instil peculiar and individual qualities into the newly born; so that piece of iron, whilst it is being formed and lengthened out, is affected by the common cause (to wit, the earth); whilst it is returning also from its heated condition to its former temperature, it is imbued with a special verticity in accord with its position. Rather long pieces of iron sometimes have the same verticity at each end; wherefore they have motions which are less certain and well ordered on account of their length and of the aforesaid processes, exactly as when an iron wire four feet long is rubbed at each end upon the same pole of a loadstone.

IGNEOUS substances floating on water never by their own strength turn round toward the poles of the earth, save by chance. So wires of gold, silver, brass, tin, lead, or glass, pushed through corks and floating, have no sure direction; and for this reason they do not show poles or points of variation when rubbed with a loadstone. For those things which do not of themselves incline toward the poles and obey the earth are also not ruled by


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110

THE JOURNAL OF INDIAN BOTANY.

Plate VII

51-52. Bergia odorata.

51 T.S. of the leaf. Oc. 3 ; Ob. C.

52 T.S. of the axis. Oc. 3 ; Ob. C.

53-54. Sida grewioides.

53 T.S. of the leaf.

Oc. 6 Com. ; Ob. 8 mm. Ap.

54 Glandular hair on the leaf. Oc. 6 Com. ; Ob. 3 mm. Ap.

55-56. Abut Hon fruticosum.

55 Hair on the leaf.

Oc. 6 Com. ; Ob. 3 mm. Ap.

56 T.S. of the axis.

Oc. 6 Com.; Ob. 8 mm. Ap.

JV.5.—T0 get the original dimensions multiply by 1*7.


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 the touch of a loadstone; for the magnetick vigour has no entrance into their inward parts; neither is the magnetick form received by them, nor are their forms magnetically excited; nor, if it did enter, would it effect anything, because in those bodies (mixed up with various kinds of efflorescent humours and forms, corrupted from the original property of the earth) there are no primary qualities. But those prime qualities of iron are excited by the juxtaposition of a loadstone, just as brute animals or men, when they are awakened out of sleep, move and put forth their strength. Here one must marvel at a demonstrable error of B. Porta, who, while rightly opposing a very old falsehood about the diamond, in speaking of a power contrary to that of the loadstone, introduces another still worse opinion; that forsooth iron, when touched by a diamond, turns to the north. "If" (he says) "you rub a steel-Needle on a Diamond, and then put it in a Boat, or thrust it through a reed, or hang it up by a Thread, it will presently turn to the North, almost as well as if it had been touched with the Loadstone; but something more faintly. And, what is worth noting, the contrary part will turn the iron to the South: and when I had tried this in many steel-Needles, and put them all into the Water, I found, that they all stood equi-distant, pointing to the North." This indeed would be contrary to our magnetick rules. For this reason we made an experiment with seventy excellent diamonds, in the presence of many witnesses, on a large number of spikes and wires, with the most careful precautions, floating (thrust, of course, through their corks) on the surface of water; never, however, could we observe this. He was deceived by the verticity acquired from the earth (as stated above) in the spike or wire of iron itself, and the iron itself turned aside to its own definite pole; and he, being ignorant of this, thought it was done by the diamond. But let the investigators of natural phenomena take heed that they are not the more deceived by their own badly observed experiments, and disturb the commonwealth of letters with their errors and stupidities. Diamond is sometimes designated by the name of Sideritis, not because it is made of iron or because it draws iron, but on account of its lustre, resembling flashing steel; with such a lustre do the choicest pieces of diamond shine; hence by very many writers many qualities are imputed to diamond which really belong to siderite loadstone.


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" I steer a bit?" asked Bob, when he and his chums had ridden in the big motor boat some distance down the cove toward the bridge, that was not far from the inlet.

"I guess so," answered Silas. "There aren't many craft about now, and I don't believe you'll run into anybody."

"I wish I'd asked him," murmured Sammy to Frank. "But I didn't think he'd let us."

All the boys were eager to take the wheel.

"We can take turns," said Bob, generously. Now that he had permission to do what he had long been anxious to, he was not going to be selfish. "Can't we take turns, Silas?" he asked.

"Oh, I guess so," was the good-natured answer. "It'll be as good a time as any to give you boys some points on steering. No telling when you may have a boat of your own."

"I wanted my father to get one this year," said Bob, "only he said I was too young to run it, and he didn't have time. When I go back I'll tell him I can steer a boat, and maybe he'll get one."

"I hope he does!" cried Sammy, with visions of what fine fun he and his chums would have in a power boat of their own.

"Well, there's a heap sight more to learn about a motor boat than just steering it," said Silas, with a grin, "though


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112

THE JOURNAL OF INDIAN BOTANY.

Plate VIII

57-58. Hibiscus micranthus.

57 T.S. of the leaf.

Oc. 4 Com. ; Ob. 3 mm. Ap.

58 T.S. of the axis.

Oc. 4 Com. ; Ob. 8 mm. Ap. 59-60. Gossypium herbaceum.

59 Glandular hair on the leaf. Oc. 6 Com. ; Ob. 3 mm. Ap.

60 T.S. of the axis.

Oc. 4 Com. ; Ob. 8 mm. Ap. 61-62. Melhania Denhamii.

61 T.S. of the leaf.

Oc. 6 Com. ; Ob. 8 mm. Ap.

62 Hair on the axis.

Oc. 6 Com. ; Ob. 8 mm. Ap.

63-64. Grcioia abutilifolia.

63 T.S. of the leaf.

Ob. 6 Com. ; Ob. 8 mm. Ap.

64 T.S. of the axis.

Oc. 4 Com. ; Ob. 8 mm. Ap. 65. Corchorus trilocularis. Glandular hair. Oc. 6 Com. ; Ob. 3 mm. Ap. 66-67. Corchorus tridcns.

66 T.S. of the leaf.

Oc. 6 Com. ; Ob. 8 mm. Ap.

67 T.S. of the axis showing the epidermis and cortex.

Oc. 6 Com. ; Ob. 8 mm. Ap.

N.B.—To get the original dimensions multiply by 1*7.


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Rh maybe steering comes first. Now I'll show you what to do, and how to do it. Of course I can't show you all the different twists and turns of the channel now—it would take too long to learn them. But I can show you how to steer a boat, how to keep her straight, and how to go to port or starboard, or left and right, as they say now."

The three boys gathered about him as he sat at the wheel, which was made fast to a bulkhead, or partition just outside the cabin. The cabin of the Skip took up about half of the boat, the forward part. The after part was an open space, beneath the floor of which was the motor running in a sort of cockpit.

The motor was covered with a cover, or hatch, as it is called, and when this was in place you could not see the machinery, though it was running beneath your feet.

The cabin was of good size, and had small bunks in it that could be made up into beds. There were also lockers for food and water, and a small oil stove on which Silas cooked when he went off on fishing trips. In fact the Skip was a snug little craft.

"This wheel is what is called a sea wheel," went on Silas, beginning his steering lesson.

"Aren't all wheels sea wheels?" asked Bob.

"No, on some motor boats there are what are called land-lubber wheels."

"What's the difference?" asked Frank.

"It's easy to remember, once you've heard it, 'said Silas. "A land-lubber wheel turns in the same direction you want the boat to steer. For instance, if you want to go to the left you twist the wheel toward your left hand, and if you want to go to the right you twist it to the right.

"But a sea wheel is just the opposite from this. With that, if you want your boat to go to the left, you turn the wheel to the


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82 right, and if you want to go to the right you twist the wheel to the left."

"I should think you'd get all twisted up!" exclaimed Sammy.

"Well, you might, at first, but once you've learned to use a sea wheel you won't want any other," went on Silas. "I'm not saying but what it might not have been better at the start, for every boat to have a wheel you could turn in the direction you wanted to go, but as long as they have sea wheels you might as well learn that way. Now we'll begin."

In turn he let the boys handle the wheel, sending the boat this way and that, until they found how quickly the Skip responded to her rudder.

At first each of the lads got a little confused, and turned the wheel the wrong way. But soon they remembered, and when Silas, pretending he was the captain, ordered them to go to the right or left they did do it without any trouble.

They passed several other boats from time to time, and Silas showed how to get by them without getting too far out of the channel, or without passing too close to the other craft. There was a compressed air whistle on the Skip and the boys took great delight in blowing this.

"It's a heap more fun on a trip like this than trailing that queer old Professor Watson!" exclaimed Bob.

"That's right," said Frank. "I don't believe we'll bother with him any more."

"No, I guess I was wrong about that pirate gold," admitted Sammy, and his chums laughed, for this was the first time he had ever given up. But he was so interested in the motor boat that he thought of little else.

The trip to the bridge, just above the inlet, was rather a long one, but the boys enjoyed every bit of it, and they were sorry when the Skip pulled up to a dock, and Silas announced that


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Rh he would stay there for some time, buying supplies for himself, and for a number of other fishermen, who had asked him to obtain things for them. There was a general store at the bridge—a store which supplied many sailors and fishermen with the things they needed for their work.

While waiting for Silas, the boys went ashore and wandered about the little settlement about the store. Finally the fisherman came out and said:

"Boys, I find I've got to go down near the inlet after some stuff. Now you said your folks didn't want you to go there, and I don't want to take you when Mrs. Bouncer said you weren't to go. So you'd better stay here until I come back. I won't be long."

"Oh, that's no fun!" exclaimed Bob.

"I wonder if we couldn't go," suggested Frank.

"There isn't any danger; is there?" asked Sammy.

"I don't think so," answered Silas, "but them women folks has their own opinions. I never go agin 'em."

The three chums were much disappointed, when Bob saw a telephone on the wall.

"That's the thing I" he cried. "I'm going to telephone my mother at the cottage, and ask her if we can't go. I'll tell her there's no danger."

"And you can tell her I said so," put in Silas, for he liked the Fairview boys, and wanted to give them the pleasures of the trip.

Bob was soon talking to his mother over the wire, and, after some hesitation, she said the boys might make the longer trip. And, on the suggestion of Silas, Bob said they would probably not be home for dinner, since it would be late.

"We'll just get a lunch on my boat," said Silas. "I've got plenty to eat, and a stove to cook it on."


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252

In July 1916, Marietta Pallis published an interesting paper on "The Structure and History of Plav : the floating fen of the Danube" in the Journal of the Linnean Society (Vol. XLIII, No. 291). I believe it is not generally known among botanists that a similar floating fen on a small scale occurs in the Outer Himalayas in Mandi State. The writer had an occasion to visit the place in August 1919 and though it was not unfortunately possible to undertake a detailed investigation of the floating islands or to make a large collection of plants, some interesting observations were however made. This note has been written with a view to induce somebody else with a better opportunity to investigate the place in greater detail.

The islands as stated above are met with in Mandi State in the freshwater lake at Riwalsar, which is for this reason held sacred by the Hindus and the Tibetans (Buddhists) for whom it is an important place of pilgrimage. The lake lies about 10 miles south-west of Mandi, surrounded by hills and some 5,000 feet above sea-level- The Mandi State Gazetteer says practically nothing about the fen. The only information given there in connection with this paper is:—"The circumference of the lake; exceeds a mile and its waters are of immense depth. There are many large floating islands on its surface and this singular fact is attributed to its sancity."

No data are available as to the exact depth of the lake, its circumference or the exact size of the islands.

The first point of botanical interest is that the floating islands are formed by Phragmites like the Plav mentioned above. A few other plants are also met with in addition but they do not contribute much to the formation of the islands.

The total number of the islands is seven. The largest (known as Parbati's island) is, as seen from a distance, of a few yards about 20 yards long and about 4 yards wide and has rounded ends. The others are much smaller. The islands are formed practically wholly by a species of Phragmites, apparently P. communis, which forms very


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84 "Oh, that will be fine!" cried Sammy, and the others agreed with him.

So it was arranged, and a little later the Skip went under the bridge, and pointed her bow toward the broader and deeper waters that led to the inlet.

It was about three miles to where the waters of the ocean and Cove met, and the channel was so twisting, on account of the shifting sands, that Silas did not like to let the boys steer. So he held the wheel himself.

From time to time, as the boat went on Silas would raise the hatch cover, and look at the throbbing motor, to see that it was running all right. Once in a while he would oil it. The boys looked on with interest when he did this, and asked many questions.

Silas explained how he had to spin the flywheel around to start the motor, and how he turned on the spark and gasolene. Sometimes, he said, the motor would start when the electric switch was closed, without the flywheel being turned by hand.

Now and then, as the Skip went along, Silas would look up at the sky, and shake his head as though in doubt.

"What's the matter?" asked Sammy, after a bit.

"I don't like the looks of the weather," was the answer. "It looks to me as though we were in for a heavy thunderstorm."

"They're not dangerous; are they?" asked Bob.

"Oh, well, not specially so. But down here, near the inlet, the wind sometimes blows pretty strong, and when the tide's running out, as it is now, there's a powerful current. I almost wish I hadn't brought you boys along."

"Oh, we're not afraid," said Frank with confidence. "The Skip is a good boat; isn't she?"

"There's none better afloat, for her size," said Silas proudly. "I've ridden out many a gale in her down in the


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UIETLY to pass this over would be improper, because a recent error arising from a defective observation of Baptista Porta must be overthrown; on which he (by an unfortunate repetition) even writes three chapters, namely, the 18th, the 31st, and the 42nd. For if a loadstone or a piece of magnetick iron, hanging in æquilibrium or floating on water, is attracted and disposed toward certain definite points, when you bring above it a piece of iron or another loadstone, it will not, if you afterward put the same below it, turn round to the contrary parts; but the same ends of the iron or the loadstone will always be directed toward the same ends of the stone, even if the loadstone or the iron is suspended in any way in æquilibrium or is poised on a needle, so that it can turn round freely. He was deceived by the irregular shape of some stone, or because he did not arrange the experiment suitably. Wherefore he is led astray by a vain opinion, and thinks he may infer that, just as a stone has an arctic and antarctic pole, so also it has a western and an eastern, and an upper and a lower pole. So from foolish ideas conceived and admitted arise other fallacies.

UPPOSE A B to be a terrella, whose centre is E, and whose diameter (as also its æquinoctial circle) is D F. If you cut off a portion (through the arctic circle, for example), G H, it is demonstrable that the pole which was at A now has a position at I. But the centre and the æquinoctial recede toward B


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Rh big bay. But of course the ocean is different. However, I'll just hurry through and maybe we can get back before she blows too hard. I think we'll have a bite to eat now, for we may not get time later. Here, one of you boys take the wheel. There's a straight course now, and I'll get out the things and make some coffee."

This was soon done, and the boys sat about, eating the sandwiches Silas made. They were having the time of their lives, and the fact that in the West a big bank of black clouds was gathering, from which now and then lightning flashed, did not worry them. They were sure they would get back all right.

Silas had to stop at a small dock, not far from the inlet, where an old sailmaker had his shanty. The fisherman was to call for a sail for one of his neighbors.

Silas made fast the Skip in a hurry, and, leaping out on the dock, called to the boys:

"Wait here until I come back. I won't be long. Then we'll head for Lighthouse Cove."

"All right," answered Bob. "We'll be all right."

The darkness had increased because of the clouds, and now a strong wind sprang up. It whipped the waters of the channel into whitecaps, and this, with the strong tide that was running, made the Skip strain hard at her mooring rope.

The wind blew harder, and then with a sudden outbreak of fury the storm broke, the rain coming down in such torrents that the boys could not see the shanty of the sailmaker.

"Get in the cabin!" cried Sammy.

"That's right!" yelled Frank. "We'll be soaked here!"

They tumbled into the cabin, which was below the level of the cockpit deck, and pulled the sliding doors shut.

"Now we're all snug—let her rain!" cried Bob.

And rain it did. The pelting drops made so much noise


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Rh tall clusters. One of the islands (known as Brahma's) has a small willow tree growing on it. It had another shrub also which looked like a rose and the writer was told that it was a rose. This island also bore a flag on a tall pole placed their by the Brahmans. The only other prominent plant on the islands was an aroid which could not be identified further.

All along the margins of the lake the ground at the time of the visit, the rainy season was very swampy. The aquatic plants growing on the bank of the lake were chiefly the following:—Some grasses and sedges, including Phragmites; a Nymphaea, a Trapa, Polygonum barbatum, a Ceratophyllum, a Lemna and an Azolla.

It may be mentioned that the islands move by the action of the breeze, the reeds acting as sails, though the Brahmans there believe in their supernatural and independent movement.

I was told that the level of the lake rises slightly during the rains, but the lake has a permanent supply of water from a subterranean spring and there is a permanent outlet also.

No boats are available at Riwalsar and everything necessary for the investigation should be arranged for beforehand.


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88 on the cabin roof that the boys had to shout to make each other hear. The thunder was terrific, and the bright lightning cut through the blackness that was almost as dark as night.

"Say, this boat is bobbing some!" suddenly exclaimed Frank.

Indeed the Skip was in violent motion, and the boys did not know what to make of it. She swung about, and then brought up suddenly as the rope tightened.

Then, all at once, there was a violent jerk, and the boat swung about more than ever.

"I hope that rope holds!" cried Sammy.

"So do I!" exclaimed Bob. "What if it should break?"

Then the Skip seemed to swing entirely around, and a moment later she raced off through the storm, tossing violently up and down on the waves. The boys heard confused shouts above the noise of the storm.

"What is it?" cried Sammy.

"Something has happened!" yelled Frank.

"I'm going to have a look," said Bob resolutely, as he slid back one of the cabin doors. The burst of wind and rain in his face almost drove him within again, but he went out into the little open space.

Then his worst fears were realized. The Skip had broken away from her dock, and was racing before the wind and tide down the channel toward the inlet.

Bob could just make out, on the end of the dock, the figure of an excited man, waving his hands to him. But what he said could not be heard. Bob was sure the man was Silas.

"What is it—what's happened?" called Frank.

"We've broken loose!" shouted Bob, coming back into the cabin. Even in those few seconds he had been drenched with the rain.

"Broken loose from where?" asked Sammy.


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254

During 1917 and 1918 the writer investigated the anatomy of a number of cultivated species belonging to the Cucurbitaceae. A few writers have already dealt with the subject, and special mention must be made of Tondera (4) who has carefully investigated the vascular connections of a number of species of this family, and Muller (3) who has worked out the anatomy of the tendrils. The writer has re-examined some of the species worked out by these writers. Their results have been confirmed in a general way. Since however these two papers are not easily available to the ordinary reader and many species investigated by the writer have not been investigated by these writers and in view especially of some interesting results obtained, it is proposed to give a brief summary of the results arrived at by the writer.

It is well-known that the vascular bundles in the stems of the Cucurbitacese are generally arranged in two rings of five bundles each. The bundles are usually known as bicollateral as they possess phloem towards the inside of the xylem in addition to the external phloem. The bundles of the inner ring are as a whole larger than the outer bundles. These facts should be borne in mind in the following description unless otherwise stated.

Another point to be remembered is the position of the various organs at a node near the leaf-axil. Usually a number of structures are met with there arranged in a transverse row. In Benincasa, cerifera, for example, in a ground plan of the node, beginning from the left, we found the following:—a tendril, a vegetative bud, a flower, a glandular structure looking like a rudimentary leaf. The last structure is absent in some species, and has a different form in some others. These differences would be indicated at the proper places.

In addition to free-hand sections other methods were also employed in the investigation. In some cases complete series of


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Rh "From the dock. We're adrift!"

"Adrift! Where are we going?" gasped Sammy and Frank together.

"We're being carried out to sea, I guess," answered Bob, and there was fear in his voice, much as he tried to hide it

Meanwhile the Skip, at the mercy of the wind and tide, was being carried faster and faster out toward the inlet that led to the great ocean.


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TENDKILS IN SOME CUCURBITACEAE. 255 sections were prepared through the nodes to study the course of the vascular bundles. In other pieces of stem were macerated in a suitable medium. In some cases both methods were tried.

A few words may be said about maceration. Several chemical reagents were tried, but none was found satisfactory. Even boiling in tap water was found too drastic. Ultimately the pieces of stems with their attached organs were left in ordinary tap-water for a number of days—about five in summer and about ten in winter—and then the vascular skeleton was prepared by teasing out the softer tissues.

The following species were studied. The methods adopted are also indicated.

 * 1. Benincasa cerifera Savi. Maceration.
 * 2. Lagenaria vulgaris Scringe. Maceration.
 * 3. Citrullus vulgaris Schrad. Free-hand sections.
 * 4. Trichosaothes anguina Linn. Serial sectioning.
 * 5. Trichosanthes dioica Roxb. Maceration.
 * 6. Luffa acutangula Roxb. Serial sectioning and maceration.
 * 7. Luffa pentandra Roxb. Maceration.
 * 8. Cucumis melo Linn. Serial sectioning and maceration.
 * 9. Cucumis momordica Roxb. Freehand sections.
 * 10. Momordica echinata Linn. Serial sectioning and maceration.
 * 11. Momordica charantia Linn. Serial sectioning.
 * 12. Cucurbita maxima Duchesne. Maceration.

Of these species Tondera has figured the vascular connections of 1, 2 and 8 ; while Muller has figured the tendril-anatomy of No. 4.

After this preliminary account we may pass on to the details in the species investigated.

In the axil of the leaf we find a row of four different organs. From the left, we have a two-armed tendril, a vegetative bud which sometimes developes into a shoot, a flower and lastly a glandular structure standing erect and with margins rolled inwards, resembling a rudimentary leaf. (Fig. 1.)

The stem is five-angled as usual in the family. In mature specimens the inner and the outer rings of vascular bundles are very near each other and very nearly merge into one ring. (Fig. 2)


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256 THE JOURNAL OF INDIAN BOTANY. The leaf-stalk is dorsiventral in its organisation, markedly so in its upper part where it has a distinct groove on its adaxial side. The number of vascular bundles varies from nine to eleven, those nearest the groove being the smallest. (Fig. 3)

The basal part of the tendril is radial in section, the number of bundles various from sis at the lower to ten in the upper part, and they are as a rule arranged in one ring. There is absolutely no trace of a ventral groove as is present in the petiole. (Fig. 4)

Both the branches of the tendril show a dorsiventral structure with a distinct groove on the apparently upper surface. The vascular bundles are five in number in the form of an arc open above as seen in a transverse section. (Fig. 5)

The vascular connections at the node are as follows : — The traces from the tendril, the vegetative bud and the flower-stalk all pass through the cortex and join the bundles of the inner ring. The leaf-stalk sends three traces into the cortex. Of these, one (median) passes down the internode below without anastomosing with any bundle at the node ; the two lateral traces join the two adjacent bundles of the outer ring, each with the one on its own side. One bundle of the inner ring, while coming from the upper internode, gradually decreases in size and ultimately ends blindly immediately above the node or just reaches it. The bundles of the inner ring anastomose at the node and this ring receives a bundle from the outer ring also to take the place of the one that has just ceased at each node. Thus at every node one bundle of the inner ring stops and a bundle from the outer ring joins the inner ring to take its place 1 while the place of the latter is taken by the median leaf-trace which passes down the lower internode without anastomosing. The gradual decrease in size of one of the bundles of the inner ring at each internode, as described above, is the cause of the dorsiventrality of the arrangement of the vascular bundles common in the family. (3)

It is clear from the above description that the bundles of the outer ring are really continuations of the leaf-traces, while the bundles of the inner ring are mainly cauline.

Lagenaria vulgaris,

The organs at the node beginning from the left are, a branched tendril with five arms very close to each other, a bud and a flower. The glandular organ is missing.

The vascular structure of the stem and the leaf-stalk is in general the same as in Benincasa cerifera.

1 This now inner bundle is not, however, a direct continuation of the outer bundle.


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TENDKILS IN SOME CUCUKBITACEAE. 257

The basal part of the tendril is radial in section and has a ring (as seen in t. s.) of six to nine bundles which anastomose at different levels.

The arms of the tendrils are similar in structure to those of Benincasa cerifera.

The vascular connections of the tendril and the leaf with the stem are also similar.

The arrangement of organs at the node is similar to that in Ben- incasa, except that the flower is here replaced by an inflorescence- The tendril is two-armed.

The stem and leaf-stalk do not present any great differences from the first type.

The basal part of the tendril is radial with nine to twelve or thirteen bundles which are so arranged that large and small bundles alternate. The branches of the tendrils show the same structure as in the first type except that the bundles are seveD at the base diminishing to five near the apex.

The relationships of the organs at the node are the same as in Beni?icasa cerfera but the tendrils are four-armed.

The structure of the stem and the petiole is in general similar to that of the first type.

The basal part of the tendril in transverse section is slightly six- lobed and has six bundles in one ring. There is no trace of a ventral groove so that the structure is radial. The tendril-arms have a distinct groove and the bundles are arranged on the type of the petiole.

The vascular bundles of the tendril unite with the bundles of the inner ring of the stem, while the leaf-traces are connected with the outer bundles as described before.

Each tendril-arm receives three branches from three bundles of the tendril situated on the side on which the arm is given off.

In one case it was found that a ripe elongated fruit was apparently arising immediately below the branching point of a tendril. On cutting sections of the lower part of the tendril it was found that it was merely a case of fusion of the flower-pedicel with the basal part of the tendril. Goebel mentions a simlar case.

The arrangement of the organs at the node is the same as in the last species but the tendrils are simple.


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the boys, shut up in the cabin of the Skip, looked at one another. They had to cling to the bunks and the sides of the bulkheads in order not to be thrown down, so violent was the motion of the craft. Sometimes the boat would whirl completely around, and after this had happened several times Bob cried:

"Fellows, there's only one thing to do!"

"What's that?" asked Sammy. "Can we do anything?"

"We've just got to," said Frank. "If we don't we'll sink pretty soon, and be drowned. I think I know what you mean, Bob. You mean we've got to steer the boat?"

"That's it! She's going every which way now, and there's no telling what may happen. If we can get at the wheel we may be able to send her ashore."

"But the wheel is outside!" cried Sammy. "We can't go out in this storm to steer."

"Oh, yes we can, if we had to," said Bob. "But we don't have to. There's another wheel inside the cabin, you know."

And so there was, Silas having arranged this for his own comfort in stormy weather. The Skip could be guided either by the wheel outside in what might be called the cockpit, or from within the cabin. And in the cabin, up forward, were small windows, or bull's-eyes, through which the steersman could look.


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 merely so that they are always in the middle of the mass that is left between the plane of the arctick circle G I H and the antarctick pole B. Therefore the segment of the terrella comprised between the plane of the former æquinoctial (that, of course, which was the æquator before cutting that part away) D E F and the newly acquired æquator M L N will always be equal to the half of that part which was cut off, G I H A.

But if the portions have been taken away from the side C D, the poles and axis will not be in the line A B, but in E F, and the axis would be changed in the same proportion as the æquator in the former figure. For those positions of forces and virtues, or rather limits of the virtues, which are derived from the whole form, are moved forward by change of quantity and shape; since all these limits arise from the conspiring together of the whole and of all


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Rh "If we could only start the motor we could turn around and go back," suggested Frank, while they were trying to make their way up front, to the wheel, without banging against the sides of the cabin.

"Oh, we'd better not try to monkey with that—especially in this storm," said Bob. "If we can only keep the boat straight ahead, so it won't whirl around so, and make us dizzy, it will be a good thing. After the storm we can try the motor."

"But by that time we will be out to sea!" cried Sammy.

"We can't help it," came from Bob. "Here goes now, to see what sort of a course I can steer."

The wheel was twisting and turning this way and that as the waves moved the rudder. Bob turned the spokes until he had the one with ring marks on it exactly upright in front of him. When this had been done, Silas had told them, the rudder was straight, and the boat would go straight ahead.

And, as Bob looked from the bull's-eye, he saw nothing ahead but a straight course of water. The waves had been whipped into whitecaps of foam, but there seemed no obstruction, and with the wind blowing them, and the tide carrying them, all the Fairview boys could do was to keep on.

"It sure is some storm!" murmured Frank, as a louder clash of thunder than any before seemed to shake the very boat.

"And we're in it!" murmured Sammy. "What will our folks think?"

"Oh, Silas will tell them," said Bob, as he braced his feet apart to meet the heaving motion of the boat.

"Yes, he's left behind there on the dock," said Frank. "Our rope must have broke when the wind and waves banged us about that time. He'll tell the folks all right."

"But that won't stop mother from worrying," said Bob, anxiously, for he disliked to cause her or his father anxiety.


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 the parts united; and the verticity or the pole is not a virtue innate in one part, or in some definite limit, or fixed in the substance; but it is an inclination of the virtue to that part. And just as a terrella separated from the earth has no longer the earth's poles and æquator, but individual ones of its own; so also if it again be divided, those limits and distinctions of the qualities and virtues pass on to other parts. But if a loadstone be divided in any way, either along a parallel, or meridionally, so that by the change of shape either the poles or the æquator move to other positions, if the part cut off be merely applied in its natural position and joined to the whole, even without any agglutination or cementing together, the determining points of the virtues return again to their former sites, as if no part of the body had been cut off. When a body is entire, its form remains entire; but when the body is lessened, a new whole is made, and there arises a new entirety, determined for every loadstone, however small, even for magnetick gravel, and for the finest sand.

OW although the southern end of a magnetick iron is attracted by a northern end, and repelled by a southern, yet the southern portion of a stone does not diminish, but increases the potency of the boreal part. Wherefore if a stone be cut in two and divided through the arctick circle, or through the tropick of Cancer or the æquator, the southern portion does not attract magnetick substances so strongly with its pole as before; because a new whole arises, and the æquator is removed from its old position and moves forward on account of that cutting of the stone. In the former condition, since the opposite portion of the stone increases the mass beyond the plane of the æquator, it strengthens also the verticity, and the potency, and the motion to unity.


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92 "They'll come after us," remarked Sammy. "Silas will get another boat and come for us."

"If he can find us," spoke Bob. "But if we go out to sea I don't believe he can easily pick us up."

"Oh, he will, sooner or later," went on Frank, who did not seem to feel so badly about it as Bob did. "Don't get scared."

"Oh, I'm not exactly scared," replied Bob, stoutly, "for this is a good boat. But a storm at sea is no fun!"

"Maybe it isn't storming out there," suggested Sammy.

"It's sure to be," declared Bob. "But we've got to make the best of it. We've got plenty to eat, that's one good thing."

"And a good place to stay," added Frank. "We're better off than when the Puff was wrecked."

"But we may be wrecked yet," put in Bob,

"Oh, cheer up!" advised Sammy. "We'll be laughing at this in a few hours."

"But how dark it is!" said Bob. "It's almost like night!"

"We've got lanterns here," suggested Frank. "Why not light them? And it might be good to show a light outside, so no other boat will run into us."

"Let's do it!" cried Bob. "I'll steer and you fellows can light up. There are some oilskin suits in one of the lockers, Silas said. You can put one on when you go outside."

The lighting of the lanterns made the boys feel less gloomy, and when Frank and Sammy, putting on the yellow oilskin coats, went outside and hung lanterns there, the boat was in less danger of collision.

"Say, we must be almost to the ocean," cried Frank, as he and Sammy came into the cabin again.

"What makes you think so?" asked Bob.

"Because I can hear the booming of the surf. We*ll be out on it in a little while."


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Rh "Well, we can't help it," said Bob. "I thought we were there long ago, the way we bobbed up and down."

"Yes, it is rough," said Sammy. "We must be almost in the inlet, fellows. Silas said it was always dangerous to go through there."

"But not so bad on the out-going tide," spoke Bob, quickly, and he was glad he had remembered that point. "I guess we'll make it all right," he added, hopefully.

The storm did not grow less. The lightning still flashed and the thunder rolled, while the rain came down in torrents. The cockpit was fitted with scuppers, or openings that allowed the water to run off, or otherwise the Skip would have been flooded. As it was, some water came into the cabin under the doors. But the boys did not mind this.

Had the motor been running they would have reached the inlet, and gone through it into the open sea, some time before. But as it was they were only blowing and drifting along.

"Well, there's no use staying this way," said Frank, after a bit, as he felt of his wet clothes. "I'm going to take off some of them and get dry. We can light the oil stove."

"And get something to eat," added Sammy.

Somehow or other this idea seemed to make all the boys feel better. The stove was soon glowing and the cabin was cozy and warm. Indeed, but for the fact that they were storm-driven out to sea, and were so alarmed, the boys would have enjoyed the adventure.

They took off some of their wet garments, and hung them near the oil stove to get dry. There were blankets in the bunks, and in these they wrapped themselves up. Frank put some coffee on the stove to warm, though the boys, as a rule did not take this beverage. Still they thought it might prevent their taking cold.

Little could now be seen outside, for to the darkness of the


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94 storm was added the gloom of coming night. The boys were anxious as to what Mrs. Bouncer might think, and they did not know what would be the outcome of this drifting into the ocean. But they could do nothing except what they were doing.

They could only hope for rescue.

The boys were taking their coffee, and eating some of the sandwiches Silas had made, when suddenly the boat was tossed about more violently than ever before. She rose up, with her now high in the air, and things in the cabin slid toward the stern. Then the bow went down and the stern rose up.

"What's happening?" cried Frank.

"Listen!" exclaimed Bob.

"That's the surf!" called Sammy. "We're going through the inlet into the ocean!"

There was a terrific crash of thunder, and a brilliant flash of lightning. Looking through the bull's-eyes Bob could see the heaving billows. Then, as the Skip ceased her violent motions, and began to move regularly up and down. Bob cried:

"We're out to sea, boys! Think of it! Out on the ocean!"


text: Fairview Boys at Lighthouse Cove/Chapter 11


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36 luckily, was hidden by a large felt hat with a white cockade. But the stranger, taken somewhat aback by this bold onset, suddenly raised his hat. Hulot seized the opportunity to make a rapid survey of his opponent.

The young chief, who seemed to Hulot to be about twenty-five years of age, wore a short green cloth shooting coat. The white sash at his waist held pistols, the heavy shoes he wore were bound with iron like those of the Chouans; gaiters reaching to the knee, and breeches of some coarse material, completed the costume. He was of middle height, but well and gracefully made. In his anger at seeing the Blues so near to him, he thrust on his hat again and turned towards them, but Marche-à-Terre and others of his party surrounded him at once, in alarm. Still through gaps in the crowd of faces that pressed about the young man and came between them, Hulot felt sure he saw a broad red ribbon on the officer's unfastened coat, that showed the wearer to be a Knight Commander of the Order of St. Louis. The commandant's eyes, at first attracted by the long-forgotten royal decoration, were turned next upon a face, which he lost sight of again in a moment, for the risks of battle compelled him to watch closely over the safety and the movements of his own little band. He had scarcely time to see the color of the sparkling eyes, but the fair hair and delicately cut features tanned by the sun did not escape him, nor the gleam of a bare neck that seemed all the whiter by contrast with a loosely knotted black scarf. There was the enthusiasm and excitement of a soldier in the bearing of the young leader, and of a type of soldier for whom a certain dramatic element seems desirable in a fight. The hand that swung the sword-blade aloft in the sunlight was well-gloved, vigor was expressed in the face, and a certain refinement also in a like degree. In his high-wrought exaltation, set off by all the charms of youth and graciousness of manner, he seemed to be a fair ideal type of the French noblesse; while Hulot, not four paces from him, migbt have been the embodiment of the energetic Republic


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in spite of the fact that they tried to be brave, and to meet the danger with as stout hearts as possible, the Fairview boys could not repress a feeling of fear as the meaning of Bob's words came to them. And the speaker himself shuddered a little as he looked out on the heaving waters of the ocean, as the lightning made them plain to him.

"Well, there's one good thing," said Frank, taking a long breath, "we're not so likely to run into anything out here as we were in the cove or inlet."

"No, that's so," agreed Bob. "But the ocean is an awfully big place to be out on—in a small boat."

"This isn't such a small boat," said Sammy, quickly. "It's better to be in this than in our rowboat."

"Indeed it is!" said Frank. "Maybe we'll be all right by morning."

"That's so—we will have to stay out here all night, I guess," said Bob, ruefully. "There'll be no chance of being picked up until daylight, I reckon."

"If we're picked up then we'll be lucky," added Sammy. "This is different from Rainbow Lake and Pine Island. It's so much larger."

"But some ship might see our lights, and come for us," suggested Frank.

Bob shook his head.

"I was talking to Silas about that the other day," he said.


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Rh for whom the veteran was fighting. His stern face, his blue uniform faced with the worn red facings, the grimy epaulettes that hung back over his shoulders, expressed the character and the deficiencies of their owner.

The graceful attitude and expression of the younger man were not lost upon Hulot, who shouted as he tried to reach him:

"Here you, ballet-dancer! come a little nearer, so that I may get a chance at you!"

The Royalist leader, irritated by the momentary check, made a desperate forward movement; but the moment his own men saw the danger he was thus incurring, they all flung themselves upon the Blues. A clear, sweet voice suddenly rang out upon the din of conflict:

"Here it was that the sainted Lescure fell! Will you not avenge him?"

At these magical words the Chouan onset became terrible; the little troop of Republican soldiers kept their line unbroken with the greatest difficulty.

"If he had not been a youngster," said Hulot to himself, as he gave way step by step, "we should not have been attacked at all. When did Chouans offer battle before? But so much the better, they won't shoot us down like dogs along the road."

He raised his voice till the woods echoed with the words:

"Come, look alive, men; are we going to let ourselves be fooled by these bandits?"

The verb is but a feeble substitute for that of the gallant commander's choice, but old hands will be able to insert the genuine word, which certainly possesses a more soldierly flavor.

"Gérard, Merle," the commandant continued, "call in your men, form them in columns, and fall on their rear, fire on these curs, and make an end of them!"

Hulot's orders were carried out with great difficulty; for the young chief heard the voice of his antagonist, and shouted:


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 at the grand airs "Science" puts on, as she stands marking time, but not getting on, while the trumpets are blowing and the big drums beating,—yet I am sure he has a liking for his specialty, and a respect for its cultivators.

But I'll tell you what the Professor said to the Poet the other day.—My boy, said he, I can work a great deal cheaper than you, because I keep all my goods in the lower story. You have to hoist yours into the upper chambers of the brain, and let them down again to your customers. I take mine in at the level of the ground, and send them off from my doorstep almost without lifting. I tell you, the higher a man has to carry the raw material of thought before he works it up, the more it costs him in blood, nerve, and muscle. Coleridge knew all this very well when he advised every literary man to have a profession.

—Sometimes I like to talk with one of them, and sometimes with the other. After a while I get tired of both. When a fit of intellectual disgust comes over me, I will tell you what I have found admirable as a diversion, in addition to boating and other amusements which I have spoken of,—that is, working at my carpenter's-bench. Some mechanical employment is the greatest possible relief, after the purely intellectual faculties begin to tire. When I was quarantined once at Marseilles, I got to work immediately at carving a wooden wonder of loose


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96 "No ships come as close in shore as this. Some trawlers, that catch moss-bunker fish for fertilizer, do, in the daytime, to let down their nets, but not at night."

"Then what chance have we of being rescued?" asked Sammy.

"Oh, I guess we've as good a chance as any fellows would have who had this happen to them," went on Bob. "In the morning the chances are some ship will see us. We can make some sort of flag, for a distress signal, I think. If we knew how we might fix our lanterns now, to show that we needed help. But I don't know how to do it."

Neither did the other boys, so it was decided to wait until morning. Besides, none of them cared to go outside in the rain and darkness, now that they were on the open ocean. It gave them a sort of "scary" feeling. They did not say so, but they were a bit afraid, as they admitted afterward, of falling overboard.

The wind and rain still kept up, but the thunder and lightning were not so bad, and for this they were glad. Then, too, they were not tossed about so violently as they had been while in the waters of the Cove and the inlet.

There the shallow waters were more quickly disturbed by the wind, while the deeper sea took longer to raise large waves.

But, for all that, the Skip swayed and rocked in the grip of the storm, for she was but a small boat to be on such broad waters. In the hands of Silas Warner she might have ridden more easily, for her owner would have known how to steer her.

Then, too, he would have started the motor, and he could have kept her head to the wind and waves, and this is always wise in a storm.

But the boys could only let her drift, and this meant that at times the craft would dip down into the trough of the sea,


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 rings on a stick, and got so interested in it, that, when we were set loose, I "regained my freedom with a sigh," because my toy was unfinished.

There are long seasons when I talk only with the Professor, and others when I give myself wholly up to the Poet. Now that my winter's work is over, and spring is with us, I feel naturally drawn to the Poet's company. I don't know anybody more alive to life than he is. The passion of poetry seizes on him every spring, he says,—yet oftentimes he complains, that, when he feels most, he can sing least.

Then a fit of despondency comes over him.—I feel ashamed, sometimes,—said he, the other day,—to think how far my worst songs fall below my best. It sometimes seems to me, as I know it does to others who have told me so, that they ought to be all best,—if not in actual execution, at least in plan and motive. I am grateful—he continued—for all such criticisms. A man is always pleased to have his most serious efforts praised, and the highest aspect of his nature get the most sunshine.

Yet I am sure, that, in the nature of things, many minds must change their key now and then, on penalty of getting out of tune or losing their voices. You know, I suppose,—he said,—what is meant by complementary colors? You know the effect, too, which the prolonged impression of any one color has on the retina. If you close your eyes after looking steadily at a red object, you see a green image.


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Rh sinking with a motion that made the lads feel as though their stomachs were going to drop out.

Fortunately they were not seasick, for they were too used to the water at home, and had been in some rough weather before. So they were accustomed to the irregular motion. But it was not the more pleasant on this account.

Again the Skip would be blown around with her head to the wind and waves, and at such times she would rise on the crest of a big roller until, it seemed to the boys, as if she were going to shoot toward the sky.

Then the boat would slip down on the other side of the big hill of water like a sled coasting down a snowy incline and the boys would look at each other as though they feared they were going to the bottom of the sea.

But always the stanch little Skip would come up again.

"She sure is a dandy boat!" exclaimed Bob, and the others agreed with him.

It was now about eight o'clock and quite dark. The storm still rumbled and rolled about the boys, but they were getting used to it now.

"It's dying out," said Frank, as he put on some of his clothes that had dried by the oil stove.

"Yes, by morning it will be calm again," said Sammy.

"If we could only get home by morning," spoke Bob, a bit sadly, and, in spite of his resolution to be brave, he could not keep a few tears from his eyes as he thought of his mother, who, he knew, would be frantic about him.

"Don't worry," said Frank, soothingly, for he guessed of what Bob was thinking. "Silas will go there and tell your folks all about it, Bob. Then he'll organize a searching party, and come after us in a big boat."

"Yes, if he can find us," said Bob, gloomily.

"Oh, sure he can find us!" exclaimed Sammy.


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98 There was silence for a while, with the Skip drifting on in the storm and darkness. Occasionally a bigger wave than usual would break over the high bow, and come crashing down on the roof of the cabin. At times the weight of water was so heavy that the boys feared the roof would be crushed in, but the Skip was made to stand hard knocks, and well she did it.

"Well, what are we going to do?" asked Sammy, after a bit. The boys had put on their clothing, which was warm and dry, and they were sitting about the cabin, looking at one another, and wondering what would happen next.

"What can we do?" asked Bob. "We can only drift, until morning."

"Then I say let's go to bed," proposed Frank. "We can't do any good by sitting up, and maybe we can get some rest."

"But supposing some vessel runs us down in the night?" suggested Bob.

"That isn't likely to happen with our lights burning. Besides, staying awake won't stop that."

The boys were tired enough to turn in and stretch out on the bunks, though possibly they were too alarmed and excited to sleep. As Frank had said, their outside lights, the red and green and white, were glowing, and any vessel, seeing them, would not run them down.

"I say let's try something before we go to bed," said Bob.

"Try what?" asked Frank.

"Try to make someone hear us. Let's go outside and blow the air whistle and yell. Maybe some passing ship may hear us and take us on board."

"That's a good idea!" exclaimed Sammy. "We'd better go out anyhow, and look to see if the lanterns are all right. We wouldn't want them to go out in the night."

It was still raining, but not so hard, and, putting on the suits


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38 "Saint-Anne of Auray! Don't let them get away! Scatter yourselves, my gars!"

As either wing commanded by Merle and Gérard withdrew from the thick of the fray, each little column was pertinaciously followed by Chouans in greatly superior numbers. The old goatskins surrounded the men under Merle and Gérard on all sides, once more uttering those threatening cries of theirs, like the howls of wild beasts.

"Silence, gentlemen!" shouted Beau-Pied; "we can't hear ourselves being killed."

The joke put fresh heart into the Blues.

The fighting was no longer concentrated upon a single point, the Republicans defended themselves in three different places on the plateau of the Pèlerine, and the valleys, so quiet hitherto, re-echoed with the sound of the firing. Hours might have passed and left the issue still undecided, or the struggle might have come to an end for lack of combatants. The courage of Blues and Chouans was evenly matched, and the fierce desire of battle was surging as it were from the one side to the other, when far away and faintly there sounded the tap of a drum, and from the direction of the sound the corps that it heralded must be crossing the valley of the Couësnon.

"That is the National Guard from Fougères!" cried Gudin; "Vannier must have fallen in with them!"

His voice reached the young leader and his ferocious aide-de-camp; the Royalists began to give way; but a cry like a wild beast's from Marche-à-Terre promptly checked them. Two or three orders were given in a low voice by the chief, and translated by Marche-à-Terre into Bas-Breton for the Chouans; and the retreat began, conducted with a skill which baffled the Republicans, and even their commandant. In the first place, such of the Chouans as were not disabled drew up in line at the word, and presented a formidable front to the enemy, while the wounded and the remainder of them fell behind to load their guns. Then all at once, with a swiftness of which Marche-à-Terre had given an example,


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Rh of oilskins, the three chums made their way out to the open deck of the Skip, behind the cabin bulkhead.

Here they felt the full force of the wind, and the rain stung into their faces. Also they felt the salty spray of the ocean as it blew over the bow. All about them they could see the white-topped billows, and they looked larger than they had from the cabin. Still the Skip seemed to ride them well.

A glance showed the boys that the lights were all right. They were full of oil—Silas had told them he always kept them ready for instant use.

"Now for a yell!" called Sammy, and the boys called together.

Several times they did this, at the same time blowing the compressed air whistle. But there came no answer, nor could they see the lights of any passing ship. They appeared to be alone on the ocean in the storm and darkness.

"It's no use," said Bob, sadly.

"No, let's go inside," suggested Frank.

"Besides, we want to save some of the air in the tank to blow the whistle to-morrow," went on Sammy. "We can compress the air only when the motor is running, and we can't start that."

"Maybe we can," suggested Bob. "I'm going to have a try at that in the morning, if we aren't picked up before."

"Maybe it will start by just turning the switch. Silas said it did, sometimes," spoke Frank.

"Well, don't try it now," exclaimed Bob, quickly. "We don't want to get it going when we don't know which way to steer. Let's wait."

And wait they did.

Into the cabin they went again, out of the wind and rain. The shelter seemed a cozy place in contrast to the blackness outside.


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The Journal of Indian Botany will be sent post free to places in India for Rs. 10 per annum : and to places outside India for Rs. 10-6-0 which, at the present rate of exchange, corresponds to £1-4-0.

Subscriptions should be sent to the Hon. Editor,

P. F. Fyson, Esq., c/o Methodist Publishing House, Mount Road, Madras, S. India.

Intending Contributors are requested to see the note on page 3 of this cover.


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102 "Didn't it all happen suddenly?" remarked Bob. "One minute we were at the dock, waiting for Silas to come back, and then, all at once, the storm came up, we broke loose, and had started to drift. It all seems like a dream."

"I wish it was a dream," murmured Frank, "and that we'd wake up in Barnacle Cottage."

"I wonder if anyone could have cut or loosened our rope," spoke Sammy, as though he were thinking of something.

"What makes you say that?" asked Frank quickly. "The rope broke—that's what happened."

"I don't know about that," went on Sammy, mysteriously. "If a person had been on that dock, and saw the boat tied there, it would be very easy to slip the rope off the post."

"Yes, that's true enough," admitted Frank. "But who would do such a mean thing as that; especially when a storm was coming up, and we would be in danger? Who would do such a thing?"

"Well, the queer old professor who drove us away," answered Sammy.

"There! I knew he was going to say that!" cried Bob.

"Oh, well, of course I'm not saying for sure," spoke Sammy, quickly. "But it might have happened. If that old man had been around he might have thought that was a good chance to get rid of us, so we wouldn't bother him again."

"Well, that's all foolishness!" exclaimed Bob. "And, even if he did it, I'm not going to bother him again, anyhow."

"I am!" declared Sammy. "I'm going to find out what he knows about pirate gold!"

Frank and Bob laughed at him, but Sammy was very much in earnest.

On and on drifted the Skip, driven by wind and tide. The night wore on, and the boys, unable to stay up any longer, went to the bunks to rest, lashing the steering wheel to keep


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Rh the rudder straight. They did not know where they were going. They only knew they were drifting.

The rain did not come down so hard now, and the wind had slackened. Only once in a while did it lighten and thunder.

It must have been near morning, for a faint, hazy light was coming in through the bull's-eyes windows, when Sammy was suddenly awakened in his bunk by feeling a shock. He jumped out into the middle of the cabin, crying:

"Fellows, we struck something! Maybe we've gone ashore!"


text: Fairview Boys at Lighthouse Cove/Chapter 12


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198

THE JOURNAL OF INDIAN BOTANY.

Plate IX

68-70. Tribulus terrestris.

68. T. S. of the leaf. Oc. 1 ; Ob. 3 mm. Ap.

69. Hair on the leaf.

Oc. 1 ; Ob. 3 mm. Ap.

70. T. S. of the axis- Oc. 3 ; Ob. C.

71-74. Seetzenia orientalis.

71. T. S. of the leaf. Oc. 1 ; Ob. 3 mm. Ap.

72. Stoma on the leaf. Oc. 4 ; Ob. 3 mm. Ap.

73. T. S. of the axis. Oc. 4 ; Ob. C.

74. 75. Zygophyllum simplex. T. S. of the leaf. Oc. 3 ; Ob. A.

N.B.— To get the original dimensions multiply by 1*7,


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200 THE JOURNAL OF INDIAN BOTANY,

Plate X

76. Zygophyllum simplex. 80. Glandular hair on the leaf

T. S. of the axis. Oc. 6;Com. ; Ob. 3 mm. Ap.

Oc. 1 ; Ob. 3 mm. Ap. 81. Hair on the leaf.

77-78. Fagbnia cretica. Oc. 2 Com. : Ob. 3 mm. Ap.

77. I. S of the leaf. 82-84. Balanites Boeburghii. Oc. 2 ; Ob. C. 82. T. S. of the leaf.

78. T. S. of the axis. Oc. 6 Com. ; Ob. 8 mm. Ap. Oc. 3 ; Ob. C. 83. T. S. of the axis.

79-81. Monsonia heliotropioides. Oc. 6 Com. ; Ob. 8mm. Ap.

79. T. S. of the leaf. 84. Stoma on the leaf.

Oc. 6 Com. : Ob. 8 mm. Ap. Oc. 6 Com. ; Ob. 3 mm. Ap.

N.B. — To get the original dimensions multiply by V7.


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Rh the wounded from the rear gained the summits of the bank on the right side of the road, and were followed thither by half of the remaining Chouans, who clambered nimbly up, and manned the top of the bank, only their energetic heads being visible to the Blues below. Once there, they made a sort of rampart of the trees, and thence they brought the barrels of their guns to bear upon the remnant of the escort, who had rapidly drawn up in obedience to repeated orders from Hulot, in such a way as to present a front equal to that of the Chouans, who were still occupying the road. These last fell back, still disputing the ground, and wheeled so as to bring themselves under cover of the fire of their own party. When they reached the ditch which lay by the roadside, they scrambled in their turn up the steep slope, whose top was held by their own comrades, and so rejoined them, steadily supporting the murderous fire of the Republicans, which filled the ditch with dead bodies, the men from the height of the scarp replying the while with a fire no less deadly.

Just then the National Guard from Fougères arrived at a run on the scene of the conflict, and with their presence the affair was at an endA few excited soldiers and the National Guards were leaving the footpath to follow them up in the woods, but the commandant called to them in his soldier's voice, "Do you want to be cut to bits over there?"

They came up with the Republican troops, who were left in possession of the field indeed, but only after heavy losses. Then all the old hats went aloft on the points of their bayonets, while every soldier's voice cried twice over, "Long live the Republic!" Even the wounded men lying by the roadside shared alike in the enthusiasm, and Hulot squeezed his lieutenant's hand as he said:

"One might call that pluck, eh?"

Merle was ordered to bury the dead in a ravine by the wayside. Carts and horses were requisitioned from neighboring farms for the wounded, whom their comrades hastened to lay on the clothing taken from the dead. Before


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