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 I looked up from the rock upon which I was seated to see a familiar face regarding me affectionately.

"I shouldn't want to miss that, Quintilian," I replied in the fluent Latin in which he had addressed me.

I cast a hurried glance at my attire, thinking how incongruous a figure I must appear in a suit of the Twentieth Century. But my alarm was short-lived, for I perceived that a spotless toga draped my body in graceful folds.

My companion plucked my sleeve, and I arose and turned toward the Forum.

"See," exclaimed Quintilian, "the soldiers are already passing the Temple of Vesta. Hurry!"

Stretching before me beneath an azure sky lay the busy Roman market-place of the First Century, its pure marble fanes and statues reflecting the brilliance of a midafternoon sun. Throngs of white-robed people intermingled with young men in military accouterments who were scattered singly and in groups about the great mart.

My sensation was a most peculiar one. While I recognized my identity as Paul Ebson, of Cleveland, Ohio, at the same time I was cognizant that as I stood here with my good friend Quintilian, the famous rhetorician, I was Pliny the Elder, noted naturalist of Rome.

We forced our way through the crowd and stood before a statue of two figures, symbolic of the conquest of Judea by Rome; as beautiful a piece of statuary as I had ever seen, comparable to the works of the most noted Greek sculptors rather than to this decadent period of Roman art. Alas that the Twentieth Century had never seen even a remnant of this masterpiece of sculptural art!

I was about to comment upon this creation when the cheers of the populace directed my attention to the approaching procession, at the head of which, mounted upon a richly caparisoned steed, rode young Titus, emperor of Rome. He was followed by a body-guard of stalwart men. Following this came a cohort of Roman soldiers, and immediately behind, long lines of captive Jews, eight abreast, their heads bowed to the yokes of the conquerors. Then followed the legions of Rome, their spears and shields clattering rhythmically as they marched toward the great triumphal Arch of Titus.

A youth of eighteen years came up to my side and greeted me with a friendly salutation. He was my nephew, Pliny the Younger, who shared with me the joys of scientific research.

"Uncle," he cried, his eyes sparkling with excitement, "I wish I had been old enough to have gone with the legions of Titus to Jerusalem like Flavius over there; but see, they have passed through the arch and some of the soldiers are rejoining the rest of us. Look, here comes Tacitus. Isn’t he handsome?"

I looked at the stalwart young soldier who was nearing our group. Yes, it was Tacitus, who, though young, was establishing for himself quite a reputation as an historian.

"Tacitus—Tacitus," I repeated under my breath, but I knew that the youthful historian and soldier was Lee Clayton.

Tacitus regarded me with an enigmatical smile.

"Is your ire still aroused, Pliny, that the portrait of my fellow historian appears upon the arch and mine does not?" he asked. Then he added, "You must remember that his years number more than mine and that his reputation in the chosen profession of both of us is already established."

"I know that, my dear Tacitus," I replied, "but I am convinced that


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 Squashes, Essex Hybrid, 141, 187. Hubbard, 142, 187. Strawberries, 164. Summer Cabbages, 54. Sweet Corn, 83, 182. Sweet Herbs, 176. Anise, 176. Caraway, 176. Coriander, 176. Hill, 176. Sage, 176. Summer Savory, 176. Sweet Basil, 176. Sweet Fennel, 176. Sweet Marjoram, 176. Thyme, 176. Sweet Potato, 135, 188.

Tomatoes, 142, 183. varieties of, 146. Burpee’s Cardinal, 146. Burpee’s Climax, 148. Essex Early Hybrid, 148. Extra Early Advance, 146. Golden Queen, 149. Livingston’s Perfection, 184. Mikado, 184, 185. Pear-shaped Yellow, 151. Bed Cherry, 157. Turner Hybrid, 149, 185. Victoria, 151. White Apple, 151. Tools, 29. Cultivator, 31.

Tools—Fire-fly hand plow, 33. Hand hoes, 35. Harrow, 30. Plow, 29. Boiler, 31. Seed drill, 34. Shovels, 35. Spades, 35. Steel rakes, 35. Trowels, 35. Wheel hoe, 32. Turnips, 151, 191. varieties of, 153. Early Bed, or Purple Top Strap-leaved, 153, 192. Early White Flat Hutch, 153. Extra Early Purple Top Milan, 154. White Egg, 154.

Vetticost, 192.

Watermelons, 154. varieties of, 156. Burpee’s Mammoth Ironclad, 156. Cuban Queen, 158. Hungarian Honey, 156. Ice Cream, 159. Icing, or Ice Bind, 157. Jordan’s Gray Monarch, 159. Kolb’s Gem, 158. Phinney’s Early, 159. Winter Cabbages, 55.

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Rh chanted Frank Hardy, as the boys roared with laughter at their chum's discomfiture.

"Poet!" sniffed Chet, as he got up. Then, as he gingerly felt the seat of his trousers: "Another pair of pants ready for the cleaners. I ought to wear overalls when I go boating." He grinned as he said it, for Chet Morton was the soul of good nature and it took a great deal more than a smear of grease to erase his ready smile.

The four boys, Frank and Joe Hardy, Chet Morton and Biff Hooper, all chums in the same set at the Bayport high school, were out on Barmet Bay in the Envoy, the Hooper motorboat, helping Biff learn to run the craft. Their assistance consisted chiefly of mocking criticisms of the luckless Biff's posture at the helm and sundry false alarms to the effect that the boat was springing a leak or that the engine was about to blow up. Each announcement had the effect of precipitating the steersman into a panic of apprehension and sending his tormentors into convulsions of laughter.

Biff had made good progress, however, as he had been with the Hardy boys on previous occasions in their own motorboat, the Sleuth, and he had picked up the rudiments of handling the craft. He was anxious to be a first-rate pilot before starting up the coast on his projected trip with Chet Morton the following

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4 week. He had an aptitude for mechanics and he was satisfied that he would have a thorough understanding of his boat by the time they were ready to start.

"If the coast guards find two little boys like you roaming around in a great big motorboat they're likely to give you a spanking and send you back home," laughed Frank. "I'll bet you'll be back in Bayport inside of two days."

"Rats!" replied Chet, inelegantly, if forcefully. "If our grub holds out we'll be away more than the week."

"There's no danger of that. Not with you along," Joe remarked, and deftly dodged a wad of waste that Chet flung at him. Chet Morton's enormous appetite was proverbial among the chums.

"Just sore because you can't come along with us," Chet scoffed. "You know mighty well that the two of you would give your eyeteeth to be on this trip. Oh, well, we'll tell you all about it when we get back."

"A lot of comfort that will be!"

"A leak!" roared Chet suddenly, pounding Biff on the back. "The boat has sprung a leak. Get a pail!"

"What!" shouted Biff, in alarm, starting up from the wheel. Then, for the fifth time that afternoon, he realized that he had been fooled

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 * + CONTENTS


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Rh and he sank back with a look of disgust on his face.

"Some time that boat will spring a leak and I won't believe you," he warned, settling down to his steering again.

"I'll be good," promised Chet, sitting down and looking out over the bay. "Say, there's a big brute of a motorboat coming along behind us, isn't it?"

"I'll say she's big," Frank agreed, looking back. "I don't remember ever having seen that boat around here before."

"Me neither," declared Joe. "I wonder where it came from."

The strange craft was painted a dingy gray. It was large and unwieldy and did not ride easily in the water. Although that boat was some distance in the wake of their own craft the boys could distinguish the figures of three men, all seated well up toward the front. Biff glanced back.

"It's a new one on me," he said. "I've never seen it before."

"Sure has lots of power, anyway," Chet commented. The roar of the engine could be plainly heard across the water. In spite of its clumsy appearance, the big boat ploughed ahead at good speed, and, as Bill had the Envoy, his craft, throttled down, the second boat was slowly overtaking them.

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74

The foregoing chapters appeared in the Westminster Gazette, of October 29th, and nine succeeding issues. They attracted wide notice and comment, and were the subject of allusion in a large part of the London and provincial press. In accordance with their usual custom, the official Theosophists in England are said to have cabled to their leaders abroad to know what line they should take; but, if so, they do not appear to have got any clear answer.

A mass of correspondence was addressed to the Westminster Gazette, and to the author of the articles, some of it from officials, most of it from private members; some admitting that “much is, and all may be true,” others denying everything—in general terms; some throwing over the Vice-President, others lauding him as a model of Theosophic rectitude; some rejoicing (“in confidence”) at the “cleaning-out of this Augean stable of trickery,” others declaring that, proved or disproved, the charges do not matter a pin.

In regard to the repeated accusations that the assailant of the society “waited” till its three Theosophic chiefs were at a distance before challenging them on their “Enquiry,” it was pointed out that they gave nobody any chance to wait, the official Report of the Enquiry being sent round almost on the very day that Mrs. Besant sailed for Australia.

The following is a representative selection from the letters:—


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Rh

—I have forwarded the copies of your paper containing the series of articles entitled “Isis Very Much Unveiled” to my friends Colonel Olcott, Mrs. Besant, and Mr. Judge, who are respectively at their posts and carrying out their engagements in India, Australia, and the United States of America.

The mass of insinuations and misrepresentations with which these articles abound is deserving of no answer.

I enclose you a copy of the Enquiry held in July last, to which the full statements of Mrs. Besant and Mr. Judge are appended. This was months ago issued to every member of the Theosophical Society and published in full in our magazines. You can thus allow your readers to form their own opinion, instead of relying on the insinuations of your contributor, if you choose to do so.

The writer of the articles has several times made reference to a private body of students, and endeavoured to involve it in his attack. The informant of your contributor knows that he can with impunity make any allegation he likes against that body, and that, although it is in a position to give, and has already given to its own members, a denial to his allegations with regard to its council, it must, nevertheless, remain silent in public because of obligations of honour.

For the rest, of the truth or falsity of the most serious allegations I am without any knowledge, and do not propose to enter the arena of mere opinion.

But of this I am confident—that my friends Colonel Olcott, Mrs. Besant, and Mr. Judge, together with the best part of the Theosophical Society, are not only ready and glad to face any obloquy in upholding their individual ideals, but also that they are also willing to sacrifice everything for the cause they hold so dear, except the privilege of working heart and soul for its final triumph,—I am, Sir, faithfully yours,

19, Avenue-road, Regent’s Park, N.W.

[The pamphlet forwarded by Mr. Mead is the so-called “Enquiry into Certain Charges,” which was the starting-point of our articles, and which was very fully dealt with in the last two of the series.— W. G.]


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6 "Let's wait till they get abreast of us and give them a race," Chet suggested.

"Not on your life," objected Biff. "I'm only learning to run this tub and I'm not in the racing class yet. Besides, there are too many other boats out in the bay this afternoon. I'd be sure to run into one of them."

The boys watched as the other craft overtook them. The big motorboat ploughed noisily ahead, keeping directly in their wake.

"I wonder if the man at the helm is asleep," said Frank. "He doesn't seem to be making any attempt to pull over."

"He's awake, all right," declared Chet. "I can see him talking to the man beside him. He won't run us down. Don't worry—not with Captain Hooper at the helm, my hearties!"

The roaring of the pursuing craft suddenly took on a new note and the big boat seemed to leap out of the water as it increased its speed and bore rapidly down on the Envoy. Spray flew about the heads of the helmsman and his two passengers and a high crest of foam rose from either side of the bow. Biff Hooper shifted the wheel slightly and the Envoy veered in toward the shore. To the surprise of the boys, the other boat also changed its course and continued directly in their wake.

"The idiots!" exclaimed Biff.

"I don't get the idea of this at all," mut-

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76

—You appear to have expected an immediate reply to the series of articles entitled “Isis Very Much Unveiled.” This expectation is astonishing in view of the fact that, while the three persons mainly attacked by you were together in London for some weeks this summer, you waited until Mrs. Annie Besant and Colonel Olcott are now respectively in Australia and India, and Mr. W. Q. Judge is on a lecturing tour in the United States, as your informant knows. His time for attack is well chosen, but no just measure of surprise can be felt, either that their replies—should they care to make any—are delayed, or that we should have intended originally to await the close of your series before making our present brief remarks.

Your informant holds the position held among Freemasons by a brother who has broken his Masonic pledge. Those who refuse to enter further into this subject follow the traditions of all private societies in like circumstance. Englishmen will take at its proper valuation all information on whatever subject from such a source. We beg to take distinct issue with you on the point of the minor importance of sources of information. Our whole legal system is based upon the contrary fact. Character of witnesses has primary weight with all civilised juries.

The Theosophical Society has no concern with the beliefs of its members, nor with questions of Thaumaturgy. The endeavour to spread a contrary belief, to confuse the issue by slanders, or attacks against individual members, to belittle and misrepresent the objects and work of the society, must alike fail in the face of general disproof. The society pursues its way unaffected by all such attempts.

The Committee of Investigation appointed to consider the charges made against Mr. Judge threw out the indictment on the ground that the constitution of the Theosophical Society rendered illegal all charges involving questions of creed or belief. Mr. Judge came from the United States in readiness for their investigation, and his defence had to be abandoned for the preservation of the freedom of our platform. We do not, therefore, propose to bring the case to “trial by newspaper.” As representatives respectively of the American Section of the T.S. and of the general secretary of that Section on the Committee of Investigation, we are aware of the rebuttal evidence held in readiness by Mr. Judge. He holds affidavits from persons of unblemished reputation disproving a number of the charges made then and now by you, of which evidence detail is for the present reserved for the reasons above given. We need not further emphasise the danger of conclusions formed from “plaintiff’s evidence” only.


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Rh tered Frank Hardy to his brother. "What are they following us so closely for?"

Joe shrugged. "Probably just trying to give us a scare."

The other boat was now almost upon their craft. It nosed out to the right and drew alongside, coming dangerously close. The boys could see the three men clearly and they noticed that all three scrutinized them, seeming to pay particular attention to Chet and Biff.

The men were unsavory looking fellows, unshaven, surly of expression. The man at the helm was sharp-featured and keen-eyed, while the other two were of heavier build. One of the pair wore a cap, while the other man was bare-headed, revealing a scant thatch of carroty hair so close-cropped that it seemed to stick out at all angles to his cranium. This man, the boys saw, nudged his companion and pointed to Biff, who was too busy at the helm of his own craft to notice.

"Not so close!" yelled Chet, seeing that the other boat was running broadside in dangerous proximity to the Envoy.

In reply, the man at the helm of the other craft merely sneered and brought his boat in until the two speeding launches were almost touching sides.

"What's the idea?" Joe shouted. "Trying to run us down?"

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8 Biff Hooper shifted the wheel so that the Envoy would edge away from the other boat, and in this effort he was successful, for a gap of water was soon apparent between the speeding craft. But in escaping one danger he had risked another.

Two sailboats that had been flitting about Barmet Bay that afternoon were racing with the wind, and they now came threshing along with billowing canvas, immediately into the course of the motorboat. Biff had seen the sailboats previously and had judged his own course accordingly, but in his efforts to get away from the mysterious launch he had unwittingly maneuvered the Envoy into such a position that a collision now seemed inevitable.

The sailboats seemed to loom right up before him, not more than a hundred yards away. They were racing close together, one boat but a nose in the lead. They were scudding along with the wind at high speed and the motorboat roared down upon them.

Biff Hooper bent desperately over the helm. He was so close that no matter which way he turned it seemed impossible that he could miss one or the other of the sailboats. If he turned to the right he would crash into them head-on; if he turned to the left he would run before them and a general smash-up might be the result.

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Rh In conclusion, we beg to state our long acquaintance with, and our confidence in the integrity and standing of, Mr. Judge, a confidence shared, to our personal knowledge, to the fullest extent by the American Section of the T.S., as the reports of its last Convention prove. The American is the largest and the most active of our three Sections, one which not only carries on an enormous work, but which also assists the other two Sections. It is in it that Mr. Judge’s long labour and personal sacrifices have won for him the respect of the community.—Yours very truly,

In regard to Dr. Keightley’s remarks on “the character of the witnesses,” from which, in view of the law of libel, we have had to omit one or two phrases, it is only fair to state that this letter was received before it had been made clear in the articles that the chief witnesses were, in fact, net Mr. Old, who has resigned office, but the President and Dr. Keightley’s brother, who retain it.


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 296 planted in Khorāsān with their wives and families. Ziyād did not long enjoy the splendid position he had thus achieved. Not satisfied with the East, he coveted also charge of the Ḥijāz with its Holy Cities. The inhabitants in terror prayed to the Lord that he might not have it; and so (says our annalist) his hand was smitten with a malignant boil, of which he died in the year 53 (summer of 673 ), at the age of fifty-eight.

Great progress was made by Muʿāwiya in extending his rule eastward. The conquered peoples and their chiefs, impatient of the tribute and restraints of Islām, were continually casting off their allegiance; but the yoke was yearly becoming more secure. Herāt, having rebelled, was stormed, 41 ; and two years later Kābul also was besieged for several months, and taken after the walls had been breached by catapults. Similar operations are noticed against Ghazna, Balkh, Ḳandahār, and other strongholds. In the year 54, one of Ziyād's sons, crossing the Oxus and mountain range on camels, took Bokhārā; and two years later a son of ʿOthmān beat back the Turkish hordes and gained possession of Samarḳand and Tirmidh. The territories in the far north and east continued long on a precarious tenure; but in the south all the country up to the banks of the Indus was gradually being consolidated under Moḥammadan rule or suzerainty.

The experience of Africa along its northern shore did not materially differ from that of the East, for the Berbers were ever and anon rebelling after they had tendered their submission. Indeed, the struggle was harder here, for the Roman settlements enabled the native population to offer a more stubborn resistance. And yet, in the end, the overthrow was not less complete, so that the bright seats of civilisation and of the Christian faith were soon known only by the ruins of their temples, aqueducts, and civic buildings. ʿOḳba, appointed by ʿAmr, 41, waged war against the Berbers, and for several years the littoral was ravaged as far as Barḳa and Waddān. In the year 50, strengthened by Muʿāwiya with a body of 10,000 Arabs, he founded the settlement of Ḳairawān, to the south of Tunis, as the African capital, and strongly fortified it against the Berbers. Ever since, it has been regarded as a sacred centre.


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78

—Now that you have had the only answer it is possible for the present to make in connexion with that part of your articles which professes to disclose the affairs of a secret body, I am at liberty to make some remarks on that part of them which deals with the public affairs of the Theosophical Society, if you will grant me the opportunity of reply which, as a member of an attacked society, I have the right to demand.

In spite of all implications and assertions to the contrary, I must emphatically assert it as my opinion that the majority of members of the society do not join on account of phenomena; and I regard any attempt to prove the contrary as a conscious or unconscious misrepresentation of the actual state of affairs. A large mass of the public know well by this time that the chief activity of the society consists in making known and advocating a certain system of philosophy, and that appeals are made to the judgment and intellectual sense of the people as to whether they shall accept or reject it. I do not know whether your intelligent readers will consider themselves flattered when they read your contributor’s notion of the kind of procedure that is necessary to captivate them; but I am inclined to think that most of them must have common-sense enough to prefer judging a philosophy by its own merits to accepting or rejecting it according to the evidence for and against phenomena wrought in connexion with it. However, if there be any who, indifferent to all questions of ethical and philosophical truth, choose their faith according to its thaumaturgic properties alone, the society will not be sorry to lose them, for such weak natures are a source of weakness to every body in which they enrol themselves.

While declaring here my own belief in the integrity and sincerity of the persons attacked in your articles, and regretting my inability to communicate all of that faith to others, I maintain, Sir, that Theosophy will not stand or fall by any personal scandals, whether true or false, and that the Theosophical Society wilt not cease to exist in Europe so long as there are even a few who believe as I do.


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Rh Your contributor has sought to convey the impression that the Theosophists, or at all events those who reside at the various headquarters, live in an atmosphere of constant thaumaturgy and intrigue; ever in expectation of some new wonder, ever ready to alter their deepest convictions at a moment’s notice in accordance with some enigmatical message or some trumpery sign. I call upon those who know the society, are habitués at its meetings, or have lived at headquarters, to say whether there is a grain of truth in this, or whether, on the contrary, we are a body of earnest students, living a prosaic life, and exhausting our energies in the endeavour to place before others the truths we have found so helpful to ourselves.

Your contributor makes much of his contention that the adepts were invented by Madame Blavatsky. What does he expect to gain by this? If he can succeed in discrediting Madame Blavatsky in the eyes of a few persons, he cannot disprove the existence of adepts for them unless he is also prepared to discredit every one of the other sources of information from which the evidence for the existence of such exalted men is drawn. Madame Blavatsky has reminded the world of the reality of those beings in which the more enlightened of its denizens have always believed. Of the few who may have accepted the belief on her testimony alone I would say, better they had taken the trouble to substantiate it from other sources. Whether Madame Blavatsky invented the adepts or not, at all events I here and now advance the theory, and refer for my evidence to the Theosophical literature on the subject, which is plentiful.

Let our critics, after reading it, come forward and publicly refute us. We await their onslaught with pleasure. Many points I am obliged to leave untouched on account of the length my letter would otherwise assume; but I must just note the absolute futility of the statement that “Max Müller has edited the only series of English translations of the Sacred Books of the East with which I am acquainted,” and the complete falsity of the statement that “there is no reason to believe that any member of the society in Europe could pass an examination in any Oriental language whatever.” Let these serve as samples of the quality of the rest of the attack.

In conclusion, sir, I would call your readers’ attention to the fantastically absurd position of an opponent who hopes to discredit, by his


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80 so-called “exposure” of a certain group of manifestations, the whole sacred science of true magic. I maintain that such a science as magic (in its true sense) exists, that it teaches the mysteries of nature and of man, that the voice of the ages endorses it, and that it is worthy of study to-day. I am prepared to support these contentions publicly if called upon, and can meanwhile refer your readers to the voluminous literature of the subject.—Yours truly,

19, Avenue-road, Regent’s Park, London, N.W., November 7.

“What do you think of articles? What are the Theosophical Society and what are its members going to do about them?” This is the question which is asked me on all hands. I recognise that not only my own personal friends but the public generally have a right to ask this question, and to expect an answer, and I have asked the permission of the Editor to give the answer from my own point of view, without in the smallest degree pledging anyone else. Without the smallest tinge of egotism, I may say that, next to Mrs. Besant, I am perhaps better known to the public generally than any other English member of the Theosophical Society. I have tried to bring a good many people into the fold of the faith, I know intimately the currents of thought inside the society, and while no one is responsible for the opinions I express, I believe that they represent the feelings of a large number of members.

When I read Mr. Garrett’s opening chapters, I said to myself, “Chestnuts!” We had heard it so often before. All the while Mr. Garrett was writing about the “S.P.R.” he was probably asking himself, How is it that this business did not kill the Theosophical Society? The answer is, Because it was not conclusive. When Mrs. Besant and I joined the society, apart from each other, I joining a few


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 661–80] Tradition tells us of the miraculous flight of wild beasts and reptiles with their young from its site at the conqueror's prayer; and also that the Berbers, convinced by the prodigy, at once accepted Islām and settled themselves upon the spot. But a few years later ʿOḳba was surprised by a joint Roman and Berber army, and miserably perished with his whole army. The Muslims were driven back on Barḳa.

On the side of Armenia and Greece, hostilities, suspended during the contest with ʿAlī, were resumed by Muʿāwiya at its close, and we read of a serious defeat sustained by the Greeks, 42. The Muslim army wintered in Armenia, and the campaign was prosecuted both by sea and land. In 50 a formidable expedition was directed against Constantinople. The army suffered severely from want of provisions, and sickness; and Muʿāwiya sent his pleasure-loving son Yezīd, much against his will, to join the army with large reinforcements. The force landed near Constantinople, the safety of which is ascribed by some to the use of Greek fire, discovered about the time. There was much fighting, and the Muslim loss was heavy. But misfortune notwithstanding, efforts against the city were not abandoned. We read of almost yearly expeditions, and in 53, the island of Cyzicus near Constantinople was seized and held by a Muslim garrison for seven years; but the position was abandoned by Yezīd on his father's death.

In the Grecian campaign a famous Companion, Abu Eiyūb, was killed under the walls of Constantinople, where his tomb was tended and visited by pilgrims for ages. He was the same who entertained the Prophet in his house for the first half-year after his arrival at Medīna. Early memories are also recalled by the death of Al-Arḳam, whose abode—thence called "the house of Islām"—was the resort of Moḥammad and his followers when he first began his teaching at Mecca. About the same time also we read of the death of ʿĀisha, nearly seventy years of age, and of four other of the "Mothers of the Faithful," also advanced in years.


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Rh days before her, Madame Blavatsky said to both of us, “You had better read what there is against me,” and referred us to the Psychical Report. We read it separately, analysed it, and joined. I brought to it my Civil Service training, what business faculties I had, and a fair knowledge of the laws of evidence. I am a sceptic by nature, and I was then a materialist, and the honest conclusion that I came to was that the case for the prosecution was far too weak to warrant a conviction. That opinion I still hold. If I thought differently I should be outside the Theosophical Society instead of in it. I suppose that nine out of ten people who talk glibly about the report have never seen even the covers of it.

But I am bound to say that as Mr. Garrett went on with this newer case the situation altered. The details are too precise, and supported by too much evidence, for me honestly to escape from the conclusion that, if the facts and documents are correctly set forth, a primâ facie case has been established against Mr. Judge.

Some facts in the series of articles and many of the inferences are wrong, as I shall have occasion to show; but enough is made clear to imperatively demand an answer. The charge here is, of course, of no offence known to the law; but were it otherwise, many men have been found guilty on charges which were supported by less evidence than these.

I am quite aware that a goodly number of my fellow Theosophists will blame me exceedingly for saying this, especially some of our younger members, whose moral sense seems somehow or other to have become confused over this matter. Let me put myself quite straight with them. My mind is perfectly open on the subject. I have no opinion yet one way or the other as to Mr. Judge’s conduct, for I have not heard his defence. For aught I know he may have a crushing, triumphant reply, and Mr. Garrett and Mr. Old (and with them Mrs. Besant!) may all have to go down on their knees to Mr. Judge. But that reply we must have, and as a member of the Theosophical Society, whose motto is, “There is no religion


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82 higher than Truth,” and who has appealed to the public to join it because I believed that it was founded on truth, and that its chief officials and leaders were upright, honourable people, I mean to use every legitimate effort to get it. If Mr. Judge declines to give it, if he refuses to come out into the open fully and squarely, or if his reply does not meet the case, then sadly and reluctantly I shall have to leave the Theosophical Society, for it will be impossible any longer to remain in an organisation whose vice-president is in such a position.

Now it depends on the members of the society as to whether Mr. Judge’s reply shall be forthcoming. They can make such strong representations to him as will be impossible for him to ignore, and I hold that it is their duty to do so. Every member of the society has an indefeasible right to know what manner of man their vice-president is, and it ought to be made perfectly clear that the morality of the organisation is at least as high as that of the best commercial morality, and is not based on Jabez-Balfourism. If there is to be any talk, as there is already among some members, of “letting by-gones be by-gones—saving the situation—ignoring the attack for the sake of Theosophy, safeguarding occultism,” &c., then self-respecting members will have to protest strongly, and, if necessary, clear out. All such talk comes from mental ostriches, and in this matter ostrich-tactics won’t work. It is not a question of Mr. Judge, or of occultism, or the Theosophical Society, but what is above and beyond all these, Truth, on which Theosophy itself is based, as I firmly believe. If there is no religion higher than truth then truth must be had at all hazards. For the truth we shall have to wait, perhaps, some months. Till we get it, minds should be perfectly open and unbiassed. Only three people can give the truth—Mr. Judge, Mrs. Besant, and Colonel Olcott. As far as lies in my power I mean to see that the truth is forthcoming.

Over this Mr. Garrett has floundered somewhat. I was a member of it, and know the facts. When Mr. Garrett says in his


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Rh first article that “a few people are aware … that there was recently a Theosophic meeting at which Mrs. Besant confessed to her friends that there had been something wrong with the ‘communications,’ ” and that she persuaded those assembled generally to hush the matter up, he does not know his case. This is what really happened. After Mr. Old had been some time in India he came to the conclusion that certain charges against Mr. Judge, which up to then had been vaguely floating about, were true, and he said so. In England we disbelieved them, for we had no real evidence, but when Mrs. Besant reached India, and examined the evidence, she agreed with Mr. Old. She formally adopted and formulated the charges, and the fact that she had done so immediately became known all over the world. There was no hole-and-corner work about it. An official investigation committee met, but found itself blocked by the constitutional difficulties with which your readers are now familiar.

Then I proposed that we should resolve ourselves into a voluntary jury of honour. Mr. Judge did not agree to this, and so there was a deadlock. The evidence had not been heard, although Mrs. Besant was ready with it, for the inquiry had not been made, neither had we heard Mr. Judge’s defence. The next stage in the proceedings was the reading, to a very full meeting of members from all parts of the world—for it was our annual convention—of the statements by Mrs. Besant and Mr. Judge, to which Mr. Garrett has so often referred. In her statement Mrs. Besant said: “The vital charge is that Mr. Judge has issued letters and messages in the script recognisable as that adopted by a Master with whom H.P.B. was closely connected, and that these letters and messages were neither written nor precipitated directly by the Master in whose writing they appear.” That is pretty definite and precise. These two statements by the accuser and the accused, together with all the proceedings of the committee, were published in Lucifer on August 15, and they were reprinted in a pamphlet which was sent to every member of the society, and I also know


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 298 Suspicion rests on the name of Muʿāwiya of compassing the death of ʿAbd ar-Raḥmān, son of the great Khālid. The splendour of his father's memory, and his own success in the campaign against the Greeks, invested him with such distinction throughout Syria, as to arouse the fears and jealousy of Muʿāwiya, who employed (it is said) his Christian physician to poison him. The deed embittered the Makhzūm, to which tribe, formerly the most important in Mecca, Khālid belonged; for they were already alienated from the Umeiyads who had supplanted them, and were supporters of Az-Zubeir. It is rare to find an imputation of the kind against Muʿāwiya, who though backward in checking the cruelty of his lieutenants, was himself on the whole mild and just in his administration. De Goeje, however, rejects the whole story.

In the 50th year of the Hijra, Muʿāwiya entertained the project of removing the pulpit and staff of the Prophet from Medīna to Damascus, now the capital of Islām. But the impious project was, by divine interposition, checked. For, "on its being touched, the pulpit trembled fearfully, and the sun was darkened, so that the very stars shone forth, and the men were terrified at the prodigies." The fond tradition is significant of the superstitious regard in which everything connected with the Prophet's person was now held. Muʿāwiya was dissuaded from his design by the consideration urged upon him, that where the Prophet had placed his pulpit and his staff, there they should remain. And so they were left as relics in the Great Mosque hard by the last home of Moḥammad.

Syria was, of course, the capital province of the Umeiyad Empire, as with Egypt, it was first in culture and social and political standing. The Arabs of the northern part were mostly Ḳeisites, of the southern, Kelbites. Muʿāwiya was more nearly related to the former, but he made the son of his Kelbite wife his heir; and so held with both. Through the constant wars with the Greeks, the Syrians were also superior in military affairs. These conquerors and conquered lived on friendly terms, sharing the same cities and towns and even churches; whereas, in Al-ʿIrāḳ, Al-Kūfa and Al-Baṣra were two military colonies in the midst of a hostile


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 661–80] indigenous population. The Christians of Syria were at least as well off under Muʿāwiya as they had been under Heraclius. One of his chief advisers was a Christian: he rebuilt the church of Edessa, which had been destroyed by an earthquake; and Jacobites and Maronites brought their disputes to him to be settled.


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84 that the day before she sailed for Australia Mrs. Besant made arrangements for that pamphlet to be sent to all the principal papers of the United Kingdom. I have said all this at length in order to dispel the idea that Mrs. Besant wished to bamboozle the society or hush up charges of fraud. I know that it is asked why she did not publish the whole of the evidence. If the official Enquiry had been proceeded with the evidence would have been published with its other proceedings. But Mrs. Besant felt, rightly or wrongly, that it would be unfair of her to publish it without the defence, and this there were no means of getting.

But now see the unsatisfactory position of the society. The most serious charge possible had been made by its chief member against its second official, one of its founders, the tried and trusty friend of Madame Blavatsky. The charges were still hanging over his head, his members in America thoroughly disbelieved them, the members in India as thoroughly believed them, and we in Europe did not know what to think. They had been neither proved nor disproved. Colonel Olcott was going back to India, Mr. Judge flitted back to America, and Mrs. Besant rushed off to Australia to fulfil lecturing engagements made a year previously, and so far as regards the society generally Mahomet’s coffin was not in it for “floating.” Those of us who really took the thing to heart held our hands. We fully recognised the gravity of the whole matter, but we determined to wait till Mrs. Besant’s return before we moved, for without the evidence we were powerless. But we reckoned without our !

In concluding this article, I say frankly that has really, although quite unconsciously, done Mr. Judge a good turn. I do not for a moment flatter myself that Mr. Garrett wishes any good to Theosophy! The tone of his articles precludes that idea. But his attack on Mr. Judge puts the latter in this position, that if he chooses he can defend himself without any fear whatever of pledging the Theosophical Society to one jot or tittle of dogma with regard to Mahatmas. He is attacked as a man, and as a man I sincerely hope that he will manfully and satisfactorily reply.


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election of a Caliph on each succession had been followed by serious peril to the peace of Islām. The choice was supposed to be a privilege vested in the inhabitants of Medīna, "Citizens," as well as "Refugees"; but the practice had been various, and the rule had been oftener broken than observed. The Prophet himself nominated no one. Abu Bekr we may say was chosen by acclamation. He again, on his deathbed, named ʿOmar successor; and ʿOmar, establishing yet another precedent, placed the choice in the hands of electors. It is true that on both these last occasions the succession was ratified by the homage of Medīna; but that was little more than formal recognition of appointment already made. At the fourth succession, the election of ʿAlī, though carried out under compulsion of the regicides, resembled somewhat the popular election of the first Caliph. Then followed the rebellion of Ṭalḥa and Az-Zubeir, based on the allegation that homage had been extorted from them. After that ensued the struggle between Muʿāwiya and ʿAlī, which ended in the so-called Arbitration of Dūma, and the double Caliphate. On the death of ʿAlī, who declined to nominate a successor, his son Al-Ḥasan was elected, not, as heretofore, by the people of Medīna, but by the citizens of Al-Kūfa. And, finally, we have the first

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Rh cially if they are in a bad State of Health, pretending they have the Power to create new Souls in them, provided they pay them well for it, which the ignorant Fools are very willing to do. They precribe to all Rules of Conduct and Behaviour in different Caes, which Rules none dare reuse to live up to with the greatet Exactnes imaginable; as, for Example, if any dies in a Houe, thoe of the Houe cannot, for a et Time, do all orts of Work; epecially the Relations of the Deceaed are obliged to abtain, not only from certain Works, but likewie from certain Victuals.

If a Patient be under the Hands of an Angekkok, he mut live by Rule, which they are accutomed to oberve o exactly, that even when we have aited many of them with our Medicaments, they have always demanded what ort of Diet they were to keep. Women in Childbed are to abtain from working, and from certain Victuals, viz. Fleh Meat, which their own Hubands have not taken, or that of a Deer, whoe Entrails


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 676] example of abdication, when Al-Ḥasan resigned his rights into the hands of Muʿāwiya, and left him sole Khalīfa, or Successor, of Moḥammad.

Whatever rights Medīna may originally have possessed, circumstances had now materially altered the means of exercising them. Abandoned as the seat of government, Medīna had practically lost the privilege of choosing a successor to the throne, or even of confirming the nomination made by others. Succession, as in the case of Al-Ḥasan, followed necessarily, and at once, upon the death of the reigning Caliph, and Medīna had now no choice but to acquiesce in what had already taken place elsewhere. The elective function was thus, from the course of events, transferred to the inhabitants of the seat of government, wheresoever that might be.

Again, the troubles which followed the election of ʿAlī might recur at any moment. Az-Zubeir and Ṭalḥa raised the standard of revolt on the plea of compulsion, while between ʿAlī and Muʿāwiya there followed a long and doubtful contest. These internecine struggles had imperilled the fortunes of Islām. Not only had the ranks of the Faithful been seriously thinned, but, from without, enemies might have taken dangerous advantage of the strife; as indeed would have been the case in the contest between ʿAlī and Muʿāwiya, had the latter not made a truce with the Byzantine Court while civil war impended. But if a similar opportunity again offered, the foes of Islām might not be so forbearing, and a fatal wound might be inflicted on an empire torn by intestine conflict.

Influenced by such considerations, and also no doubt by the desire of maintaining the Caliphate in his own line, Muʿāwiya entertained the project of declaring his son, Yezīd, to be his heir-apparent. By securing thus an oath of fealty throughout the Muslim world, he would anticipate and prevent the peril of a contested election. Ziyād was favourable to the scheme, but enjoined deliberation, and a cautious canvass throughout the provinces. He also counselled Yezīd, who was devoted to the chase and careless of public affairs, to amend his ways in preparation for the throne, and show before the people a character more fitted for the higher dignity in prospect. Al-Moghīra like-


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Rh

—As my name has been publicly mentioned by Mr. Mead, general secretary of the European T.S., in connexion with the series of articles “Isis Very Much Unveiled,” I think it advisable to state my own position and attitude in the matter.

The writer of those articles has named me, quite correctly, as having taken the first step in forcing an inquiry into the case against Mr. Judge. For this act of mine, I was suspended from my membership in the Esoteric Section, under the authority of the joint signatures of William Q. Judge and Annie Besant, Outer Heads of the E.S.T., and my name was dishonourably mentioned before the members of the E.S., among whom I numbered many an old colleague and friend. The mandate somehow found its way into the public Press. However, there was one advantage. After her official action in suspending me from membership Mrs. Besant was, of course, bound to hear my justification. This happened at Adyar in the winter of 1893. Mrs. Besant’s first remark to me after reading the case and examining the documents was, “You were perfectly justified by the facts before you.”

In the presence of the president-founder Colonel Olcott, Mrs. Besant, Countess Wachtmeister, Mr. E. T. Sturdy, together with Mr. Edge and myself, it was decided that the task of officially bringing the charges should devolve upon Mrs. Besant, and that the whole of the evidence should be published. Consequently, the documents were handed over to Mrs. Besant for the purpose of drawing up her charges, and the president sent an official letter—or, as Colonel Olcott now claims, a “private letter” in official form—dated at Agra, February 12, 1894, to Mr. Judge as vice-president, in which he said (I re-quote from a circular issued by Mr. Judge, March 15, 1894):—“I place before you the following options:—

1. To retire from all offices held by you in the T.S., and leave me to make a merely general public explanation; or,

2. To have a Judicial Committee convened … and make public the whole of the proceedings in detail.


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192 Entrails are not found ound, but damaged. The firt Week after the Delivery, they eat nothing but Fih, afterwards they are allowed Meat. The Bones they pick, in this State, mut not be carried out of Doors. After the firt Childbed, a Woman is not allowed to eat of the Head or Liver. They mut not eat in the open Air. During their they have their  for themelves alone; if any unwittingly hould drink of this Water, the ret mut forbear working for ome Weeks, neither mut they drive any Trade during that Time: Likewie if any body be ick, they do not care to meddle with any Trade. They are not allowed to eat or drink bareheaded. They pull off one of their Boots, and lay it under the Bowl, which they eat out of, to the End (as they imagine) that the Infant, being a Male, may become a good During the Infancy of the Child, they dare not boil any thing over the Lamp, nor let any Strangers light a Fire with them; and many more


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86 In either alternative, you will observe, a public explanation is found necessary: in the one case, general; in the other, to be full and covering all the details.”

It was the second alternative which was adopted, with the abortive and disingenuous result already known. But what of the “full publication of all the details”? What of us Theosophists who had brought these charges against Mr. Judge? Were we not left in the position of persons who had brought charges without proving them? The position was one which I felt to be intolerable. Mrs. Besant had the full evidence in her hands by which to justify all the charges she had engaged to bring against Mr. Judge, but for some reason best known to herself involved the whole society in countenancing a systematic attempt to bolster up a delusion by concealment of facts. Mrs. Besant was also in honour bound to publish the facts, to all members of the society at least, since they were of a nature to vitally affect the beliefs of Theosophists the world over. She was, in short, bound to give them the same publicity as her former professions of occult intercourse obtained.

The T.S. is an organised body with a wide system of propaganda, and has taken the public into its confidence in cases where its special claims appear to have been supported by facts, and while the public are invited to join the society it is only right and honest that they should know what of those claims are true and what of those “facts” have stood the test of inquiry. This responsibility cannot be avoided, and as I have personally been instrumental in the inquiry into these claims and facts, I am morally bound to give what publicity I can to the truth when arrived at. To rectify what I believed to be a fatal policy on the part of those concerned with the charges against Mr. Judge, I resigned from all offices held by me in the T.S., and left myself free to speak openly of the matter whenever occasion presented itself. I do not believe that a system of truth can be raised from a fabric of fraud. In the course of my travels I met with my friend Mr. Garrett, to whom, upon inquiry, I gave the reasons of my resignation from official connexion with the society. He asked my permission to publish the facts. My reply was that although I could not unsay what I


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 the world he will conquer — came unseen when I refused my permission."

He was silent for a long time, pondering. Then he turned passionately to Northwood.

"John Northwood, kill me! I have brought a new horror into the world. From the unborn future, I have snatched a creature who has reached the Light too soon. Kill me!" He bowed his great, shaggy head.

"What do you mean, Dr. Mundson: that this Adam has arrived at a point in evolution beyond this age?"

"Yes. Think of it! I visioned god-like creatures with the souls of gods. But, Heaven help us, man always will be man; always will lust for conquest. You and I, Northwood, and all others are barbarians to Adam. He and his kind will do what men always do to barbarians—conquer and kill."

"Are there more like him?" Northwood struggled with a smile of unbelief.

"I don't know. I did not know that Adam had reached a point so near the ultimate. But you have seen. Already he is able to set aside what we call natural laws."

Northwood looked at the scientist closely. The man was surely mad—mad in this desert of white death.

"Come!" he said cheerfully. "Let's build an Eskimo snow house. We can live on penguins for days. And who knows what may rescue us?"

For three hours the two worked at cutting ice blocks. With snow for mortar, they built a crude shelter which enabled them to rest out of the cold breath of the spiral polar winds that blew from the south.

R. MUNDSON was sitting at the door of their hut, moodily pulling at his strong, black pipe. As though a fit had seized him, he leaped up and let his pipe fall to the ice.

"Look!" he shouted. "The sun-ship!"

It seemed but a moment before the tiny speck on the horizon had swept overhead, a silver comet on the grayish-blue polar sky. In another moment it had swooped down, eaglewise, scarcely fifty feet from the ice hut.

Dr. Mundson and Northwood ran forward. From the metal sphere stepped the stranger of the Mad Hatter Club. His tall, straight form, erect and slim, swung toward them over the ice,

"Adam!" shouted Dr. Mundson. "What does this mean? How dare you!"

Adam's laugh was like the happy demonstration of a boy. "So? You think you still are master? You think I returned because I reverenced you yet?" Hate shot viciously through the freezing blue eyes. "You worm of the Black Age!"

Northwood shuddered. He had heard those strange words addressed to himself scarcely more than twelve hours ago.

Adam was still speaking: "With a thought I could annihilate you where you are standing. But I have use for you. Get in." He swept his hand to the sun-ship.

Both men hesitated. Then Northwood strode forward until he was within three feet of Adam. They stood thus, eyeing each other, two splendid beings, one blond as a Viking, the other dark and vital.

"Just what is your game?" demanded Northwood.

The icy eyes shot forth a gleam like lightning. "I needn't tell you, of course, but I may as well let you suffer over the knowledge." He curled his lips with superb scorn. "I have one human weakness. I want Athalia." The icy eyes warmed for a fleeting second. "She is anticipating her meeting with you—bah! The taste of these women of the Black Age! I could kill you, of course; but that would only inflame her. And so I take you to her, thrust you down her throat. When she sees, you, she will fly to me." He spread his magnificent chest.

"Adam!" Dr. Mundson's face was dark with anger. "What of Eve?"

"Who are you to question my ac-


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Rh had said, I had not intended such publication as he contemplated, and doubted whether the case could be put forth with sufficient clearness and fairness by a “Philistine.” I soon found, however, that he had a thorough grip of the facts; and on his representation, the truth of which I had to admit, that the society had closed the inquiry, and would not open its journals to a full discussion of the evidence, I let him take his own course.

Certain persons, who seem unable to conceive that a man may act on principle and without interested motives, have suggested that I was moved by some petty personal grudge, or even by some pecuniary inducement. I repudiate both these insinuations as lies. My independent action in this matter has involved certain pecuniary sacrifices; I have in no way used it, and should scorn to use it, for pecuniary gain.

It will, therefore, be clear to all members of the T.S. and the public generally that I am responsible for the facts occurring in Mr. Garrett’s articles only so far as they apply to the charges against Mr. Judge, and for these I have documentary evidence produced under a legal hand, and duly witnessed. With Mr. Garrett’s method of presenting the facts I am by no means in sympathy. I do not lose sight of the fact that, however mistaken or misled many of the Theosophical Society may be, as regards the traditional “Mahatmas” and their supposed “communications,” they are nevertheless as sincere in their beliefs as many of their more orthodox fellows, and have as much right to respectful consideration. I regret particularly that Mrs. Besant should have been placed in this awkward public position by the present exposure. Her intention I believe to have been perfectly honest but I think she made a fatal mistake in avoiding the publication of the full facts, and in allowing the misconception to endure concerning her own and Mr. Judge’s connexion with the Mahatmas.

Of Madame Blavatsky I speak as I knew her. At the time I made her acquaintance she had forsworn all “phenomenalism,” so that I never saw any occult phenomena at any time. I believe that for her the Mahatmas existed, and I believe she thought them to be embodied personalities.


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Rh more Fooleries to be oberved. It is cutomary among them, for married Women to wah and cleane themelves after their Months, that their Hubands may not catch a Ditemper and die. Likewie, if they have happened to touch a dead Corpe, they immediately cat away the Clothes they have then on; and for this Reaon they always put on their old Clothes, when they go to a Burying, in which they agree with the Jews, as in many other Uages and Ceremonies; for Example, to bewail the Los of their Virginity; to mark themelves upon thir Skin; to cut their Hairs round the Head, which the Lord forbids the Jews to do, Levit. 19. When I conider this and many other of their Cutoms, which eem to be of a Jewih Extraction, I am not far from acceding to the Opinion of a certain famous Writer, concerning the Americans; Rh


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302 wise was favourable to the project. But it was not till both these counsellors had passed away that Muʿāwiya found himself in a position to proceed with the design.

So soon as Muʿāwiya felt sure of adequate support, and especially that Medīna would not resent the invasion of her elective privilege, deputations from all the provinces and chief cities presented themselves at Damascus. These, received in state, affected to press the nomination; and accordingly, without further ceremony, the oath of allegiance was taken by all present to Yezīd as the next successor. Syria and Al-ʿIrāḳ having without demur tendered homage, Muʿāwiya set out for Mecca with a retinue of 1000 horse, ostensibly to perform the lesser pilgrimage, but in reality to obtain the assent of the two Holy Cities to the succession of Yezīd. The leading dissentients at Medīna were AI-Ḥosein, son of ʿAlī, ʿAbd ar-Raḥmān, son of Abu Bekr, and the two ʿAbdallāhs, sons of ʿOmar and Az-Zubeir. Muʿāwiya on entering the city received them roughly, and so, to avoid further mortification, these left at once for Mecca. The remainder of the citizens consented to the nomination of Yezīd, and took the oath accordingly. Continuing his journey to Mecca, the Caliph carried himself blandly towards its people for the first few days, which were occupied with the rights of the lesser pilgrimage. But as his time of departure drew nigh, he stood up to address them on his errand, and though his speech was gilded with assurances that the rights and privileges of the city would be respected, there was at the first no response. Then ʿAbdallah, son of Az-Zubeir, stood up, and declared that the recognition of an heir-apparent would run counter to all the precedents of Islām. On this the Caliph urged the risks to which Islām was


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194 among whom as he found undry Jewih Rites and Ceremonies, he took them to decend from Jews, or rather from ome of the ten Tribes of Irael, who were led into the Ayrian Captivity, and afterwards dipered into unknown Countries. See hereon Epars, L. IV.

A Supertition very common among them, is to load themelves with Amulets or Pomanders dangling about their Necks and Arms, which conit in ome Pieces of old Wood, Stones or Bones, Bills and Claws of Birds, or any thing ele, which their Fancy uggets to them; which Amulets, according to their illy Opinion, have a wonderful Virtue to preerve thoe that wear them, from Dieaes and other Misfortunes, and gives them Luck to good Captures. To render barren Women fertile or teeming, they take old Pieces of the Soles of our Shoes to hang about them; for, as they take our Nation to be more fertile, and of a tronger Dipoition of Body than theirs, they fancy the Virtue of our Body communicates itelf to our Cloathing. Con-


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 676] ever and anon exposed from a contested succession. Others then spoke thus:—"We consent," they said, "to any one of these three things. FIrst, do as the Prophet did, and leave the election to the citizens of Medīna. Or, secondly, do as Abu Bekr did, and nominate a successor from amongst Ḳoreish. Or, thirdly, like ʿOmar, appoint electors who shall, from amongst themselves, choose a candidate to succeed thee. Only, like them, thou must exclude thine own sons and thy father's sons." "As for the first course," replied Muʿāwiya, "there is none now left like unto Abu Bekr, that the people might choose him. And for the rest, verily I fear the contention and bloodshed that would follow if the succession be not fixed aforehand." Then finding his arguments of no effect, he called out the bodyguard, and at the point of the sword caused the city to take the oath.

The example of Syria, Al-ʿIrāḳ, and the Holy Cities was followed throughout the Empire without reserve. And ever after, the precedent more or less prevailed. The fiction of an elective right vested in the whole body of the Faithful, though still observed more or less in form, ceased now to have reality, and the oath of allegiance was without hesitation enforced by the sword against recusants. The reigning Caliph thus proclaimed as his successor the fittest of his sons, the one born of the noblest mother, or otherwise most favoured, or (in default of issue) the best qualified amongst his kinsmen. To him, as heir-apparent, an anticipatory oath of fealty was taken, first at the seat of government and then throughout the Empire, and the succession followed as a rule the choice. Sometimes a double nomination was made, anticipating at once thus two successions: but such attempt to forestall the distant future too often provoked, instead of preventing, civil war. The practice thus begun by the Umeiyads was followed equally by the ʿAbbāsids, and proved a precedent even for later times.

Muʿāwiya had other sons, but Yezīd's mother, Meisūn,


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Rh Concerning the Creation and Origin of all Things, they have little to ay, but they think all has been as it ever will be. Nevertheles they abound in Fables in regard to thee Matters. Their Tale of the Origin of Mankind runs thus: At the beginning one Man, viz. a Greenlander, prung out of the Ground, who got a Wife out of a little Hillock. From thee are decended lineally the Greenlanders; which may pas for a Remnant, though an Adulteration from the true Tradition of the Origin of Man. But as to us Foreigners, whom they tile Kablunæt, (that is, of a trange Extraction) they tell a mot ridiculous Story, importing our Pedigree from a Race of Dogs; they ay, that a Greenland Woman, once being in Labour, brought forth at the ame time both Children and Whelps: Thee lat he put into an old Shoe, and committed them to the Mercy of the Waves, with thee Words: Get ye gone from hence, and grow up to be Kablunæts. This, they ay, is the Reaon, why the Kablunæts always live upon the Sea; and the Ships, they ay, have the very ame Shape Rh


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196 as their Shoes, being round before and behind.

The Reaon why Men die, they tell us, is, that a Woman of their Nation once uttered thee Words; Tokkolarlutik okko pillit, Sillaroak rettuliavet, let them die one after another; for ele the World cannot hold them. Others relate it in this Manner: Two of the firt Men contended with one another, one aid, Kaut Sarlune Unnuinnarluna, Innuit tokkorarlutik; that is, let there be Day, and let there be Night, and let not Men die. The econd aid, Unnuinnarlune kauunane, Innuit tokkoinnatik; that is, let there be nothing but Night, and no Day, and let Men live; and after a long Contention the firt aying got the Day. Of the Origin of Fihes and other Sea Animals they tell a ridiculous Story, viz. an old Man was once cutting Chips off of a Piece of Wood; with thee Chips he rubbed himelf between the Thighs, and threw them into the Sea; whereupon they immediately became Fihes. But of a certain Fih called Hay, they drive his Production from this Accident, that a Woman wah-


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88 Colonel Olcott has another theory, and others have their own. Personally, I believe in the extensibility of human faculty, and in the existence of an order of intelligences higher than our own, but I do not require that they are embodied or terrestrial in any sense of the word. Finally, I have been through the Theosophical Society with my eyes open, and for more than five years have been, officially and unofficially, as fully “in the Theosophical Society” as one can well be; and while I am certain that many are fully convinced of the truth of their own beliefs in these matters, I am also fully assured that a large number are in the position of persons self-deceived, who have unfortunately committed themselves too far to review their position without almost disastrous consequences to themselves and others. But that of which I have the fullest conviction and the greatest amount of presentable proof is the fact that no such thing as evidence of the existence (in an ordinary sense) of the Mahatmas, or of their connexion with the T.S. as a body or with its members individually, is obtainable by a person pursuing ordinary methods of investigation.

For those who are willing to found their beliefs upon the mere statement of another, without question of possible interestedness on the one hand, or self-deception on the other, the position is of course otherwise. For such persons proofs have no value whatever, what they are pleased to call their “beliefs” and their “knowledge” being determined or determinable from the moment they sign away their independence of judgment and freedom of thought.—Yours sincerely,

P.S.—One misstatement of fact appears in your issue of November 3. What Mr. Garrett refers to as “Madame Blavatsky’s Rosicrucian signet-ring” was not a ring, but a jewel, used as a pendant. Also, the “dark gentleman” who delivered the two £10 notes to Mr. Judge made his call (so we were told) in the early afternoon, not in “the evening” as stated in Mr. Garrett’s text. I am bound to add that, whatever may be my annoyance and regret at the tone of the articles and of some of the inferences, as regards that part of the evidence which is known to myself, I have noticed so far no other substantial error of fact.


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Rh crude about M. Papopolous nor about the goods he handled. He was well known in most European courts, and kings called him Demetrius in a friendly manner. He had the reputation for the most exquisite discretion. That, together with the nobility of his aspect, had carried him through several very questionable transactions.

"The direct attack" said M. Papopolous. He shook his head. "It answers sometimes—but very seldom."

The other shrugged his shoulders.

"It saves time," he remarked, "and to fail costs nothing—or next to nothing. The other plan—will not fail."

"Ah," said M. Papopolous, looking at him keenly.

The other nodded slowly.

"I have great confidence in your—er—reputation," said the antique dealer.

M. le Marquis smiled gently.

"I think I may say," he murmured, "that your confidence will not be misplaced."

"You have unique opportunities," said the other, with a note of envy in his voice.

"I make them," said M. le Marquis.

He rose and took up the cloak which he had thrown carelessly on the back of a chair.

"I will keep you informed, M. Papopolous, through the usual channels, but there must be no hitch in your arrangements."

M. Papopolous was pained.

"There is never a hitch in my arrangements," he complained.


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Rh wahing her Hairs in her own Water, a Blat of Wind came and carried away the Clout with which he dried her Hairs, and out of that Clout was produced a and for this Reaon they ay, the Fleh of this Fih has got the Smell of Urine.

They have got no Notion of any different State of Souls after Death; but they fancy that all the Deceaed go into the Land of the Souls, as they term it. Nevertheles they aign two Retreats for departed Souls, viz. ome go to Heaven, others to the Center of the Earth; but this lower Retirement is in thier Opinion the pleaantet; inamuch, as there they enjoy themelves in a delicious Country, where the Sun hines continually, with an inexhautible Stock of all Sorts of choice Proviion. But this is only the Receptacle of uch Women, as die in Labour, and of thoe, that going a perih at Sea; this being their Reward to compenate the Hardhips they have undergone in this Life. All the ret flock to Heaven. Rh


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198 In the Center of the Earth, which they reckon the bet Place of all, they have fixed the Reidence of Torngaruk and his Grandame, or (as others will have it) his Lady Daughter, a true Termagant and ghatly Woman, to whoe Decription, though already made in my Continuation of the Relations of Greenland, ome Time ago publihed, I hall yet allow a Place in this Treatie, and is as follows. She is aid to dwell in the lower Parts of the Earth under the Seas, and has the Empire over all Fihes and Sea Animals, as Unicorns, Mores, Seals and the like. The Baon placed under her Lamp, into which the of the Lamp drips down, warms with all kinds of Sea Fowls, wimming in and hovering about it. At the Entry of her Abode is a Corps de Guarde of who mount the Guard, and tand Centinels at her Gates, to keep out the Crowd of Petitioners. None


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Rh None can get Admittance there but Angekuts, provided they are accompanied by their Torngak, or familiar Spirits, and not otherwie. In their Journey thither the firt pas through the Manions of all the Souls of the Deceaed, which look as well, if not better, than ever they did in this World, and want for nothing. After they have pas'd through this Region, they come to a very long, broad and deep Whirlpool, which they are to cros over, there being nothing to pas upon but a great Wheel like Ice, which turns about with a urprizing Rapidity, and by the means of this Wheel the Spirit helps his Angkkok to get over. This Difficulty being urmounted, the next Thing they encounter is a large Kettle, in which Rh


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Rh seventeen the daughter gets a job. No matter how conscientiously she may contribute her share to the expenses of the household, it is probably only in homes where a European tradition still lingers that the wage-earning daughter gives all of her earning to her parents. (This, of course, excludes the cases where the daughter supports her parents, where the vesting of the economic responsibility in her hands changes the picture of parental control in another fashion.) For the first time in her life, she has an income of her own, with no strings of morals or of manners attached to its use. Her parents' chief instrument of discipline is shattered at one blow, but not their desire to direct their daughters' lives. They have not pictured their exercise of control as the right of those who provide, to control those for whom they provide. They have pictured it in far more traditional terms, the right of parents to control their children, an attitude reinforced by years of practising such control.

But the daughter is in the position of one who has yielded unwillingly to some one who held a whip in his hand, and now sees the whip broken. Her unwillingness to obey, her chafing under special parental restrictions which children accept as inevitable in simpler cultures, is again a feature of our conglomerate civilisation. When all the children in the community go to bed at curfew, one child is not as likely to rail against her parents for enforcing the rule. But when the little girl next door is allowed to stay up until eleven o'clock,


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200 live Seals are put to be boiled; and at lat they arrive with much ado at the Reidence of the Devil's Grandame, where the familiar Spirit takes the Angekkok by the Hand through the trong Guard of Sea Dogs. The Entry is large enough, the Road that leads is as narrow as a mall Rope, and on both Sides nothing to lay hold on, or to upport one; beides that, there is underneath a mot frightful Abys or bottomles Pit. Within this is the Apartment of the infernal Goddes, who offended at this unexpected Viit, hews a mot ghatly and wrathful Countenance, pulling the Hair off her Head: She thereupon eizes a wet Wing of a Fowl, which he lights in the Fire, and claps to their Noes, which makes them very faint and ick, and they become her Prioners. But the Enchanter or Angekkok, (being intructed by his Torngak, how to act his Part in this dimal Expedition) takes hold of her by the Hair, and drubs and bangs her o long, till he loes her Strength and yields; and in this Combat his familiar Spirit does not tand idle, but lays about her with Might and Main.


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12 The other smiled, and without any further word of adieu he left the room, closing the door behind him.

M. Papopolous remained in thought for a moment stroking his venerable white beard, and then moved across to a second door which opened inwards. As he turned the handle, a young woman, who only too clearly had been leaning against it with her ear to the keyhole, stumbled headlong into the room. M. Papopolous displayed neither surprise nor concern. It was evidently all quite natural to him.

"Well, Zia?" he asked.

"I did not hear him go," explained Zia.

She was a handsome young woman, built on Junoesque lines, with dark flashing eyes and such a general air of resemblance to M. Papopolous that it was easy to see they were father and daughter.

"It is annoying," she continued vexedly, "that one cannot see through a keyhole and hear through it at the same time."

"It has often annoyed me," said M. Papopolous, with great simplicity.

"So that is M. le Marquis," said Zia slowly. "Does he always wear a mask, father?"

"Always."

There was a pause.

"It is the rubies, I suppose?" asked Zia.

Her father nodded.

"What do you think, my little one?" he inquired, with a hint of amusement in his beady black eyes.

"Of M. le Marquis?"

"Yes."

"I think," said Zia slowly, "that it is a very rare


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Rh Main. Round the infernal Goddes's Face hangs the Aglerrutit (the Signification of which is to be found in my Son's Journals) which the Angekkok endeavours to rob her of. For this is the Charm, by which he draws all Fihes and Sea Animals to her Dominion, which no ooner is he deprived of, but intantly the Sea Animals in Shoals forake her, and reort with all Speed to their wonted Shelves, where the Greenlanders catch them in great Plenty. When this great Buines is done, the Angekkok with his Torngak proud of Succes makes the bet of their Way home again, where they find the Road mooth, and eay to what it was before.

As to the Souls of the Dead, in their Travel to this happy Country, they meet with a harp pointed Stone, upon which the Angekkuts tell them, they mut lide or glide down upon their Breech, as there's no other Paage to get through, and this Stone is bemeared with Blood; perhaps, by this mytical or hieroglyphical Image, they thereby ignify, the Adverities and Tri- bulations


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Rh thing to find a well-bred Englishman who speaks French as well as that."

"Ah!" said M. Papopolous, "so that is what you think."

As usual, he did not commit himself, but he regarded Zia with benign approval.

"I thought, too," said Zia, "that his head was an odd shape."

"Massive," said her father—"a trifle massive. But then that effect is always created by a wig."

They both looked at each other and smiled.


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United States Reports/Volume 573

 * 573 U.S. 1 (2014) CTS Corp. v. Waldburger
 * 573 U.S. 25 (2014) Executive Benefits Insurance Agency v. Arkison
 * 573 U.S. 41 (2014) Scialabba v. Cuellar de Osorio
 * 573 U.S. 102 (2014) POM Wonderful LLC v. Coca-Cola Co.
 * 573 U.S. 122 (2014) Clark v. Rameker
 * 573 U.S. 134 (2014) Republic of Argentina v. NML Capital, Ltd.
 * 573 U.S. 149 (2014) Susan B. Anthony List v. Driehaus
 * 573 U.S. 169 (2014) Abramski v. United States
 * 573 U.S. 208 (2014) Alice Corp. v. CLS Bank International
 * 573 U.S. 228 (2014) Lane v. Franks
 * 573 U.S. 248 (2014) United States v. Clarke
 * 573 U.S. 258 (2014) Halliburton Co. v. Erica P. John Fund, Inc.
 * 573 U.S. 302 (2014) Utility Air Regulatory Group v. Environmental Protection Agency
 * 573 U.S. 351 (2014) Loughrin v. United States
 * 573 U.S. 373 (2014) Riley v. California
 * 573 U.S. 409 (2014) Fifth Third Bancorp v. Dudenhoeffer
 * 573 U.S. 431 (2014) American Broadcasting Cos. v. Aereo, Inc.
 * 573 U.S. 464 (2014) McCullen v. Coakley
 * 573 U.S. 513 (2014) National Labor Relations Board v. Noel Canning
 * 573 U.S. 616 (2014) Harris v. Quinn
 * 573 U.S. 682 (2014) Burwell v. Hobby Lobby Stores, Inc.
 * 573 U.S. 773 (2014) Williams v. Johnson (per curiam)

title: United States Reports/Volume 573


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 the dervish travelling with the two Circassians who had stolen the talismans from the Jews. I jumped up and tried to fly to my cave, but they were too quick for me, and just as we reached your garden they snatched the bag which contained the little black pig and flung it into the sea. By this act, which delivers your son, I would pray you to forgive them for any wrongs they may have done you—nay more, that you will recompense them for it.’

The Bassa granted the holy man’s request, and seeing that the two Jews had fallen victims to the charms of the Circassian ladies, gave his consent to their union, which was fixed to take place at the same time as that of Izaf with the wise Sumi. The Cadi was sent for, and the Jews exchanged the hats of their race for the turbans of the followers of the Prophet. Then, after so many misfortunes, the Bassa’s three sons entreated their father to delay their happiness no longer, and the six marriages were performed by the Cadi at the hour of noon.

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PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTION


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202 bulations thoe have to truggle with, who deire to attain to Happines.

Notions the Greenlanders have of the Origin of heavenly Lights, as Sun, Moon, and Stars, are very nonenical; in that they pretend that they have formerly been o many of their Ancetors, who, on different Accounts, were lifted up to Heaven and became uch glorious Celetial Bodies.

Their illy Stories concerning this Matter have been related in the Continuation to the Greenland Memoirs, or Relations; but as this Book, very likely, may not come to the Hands of every Body, I hall hortly remember ome of them here. The Moon, as they will have it, has been a young Man,  called


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Rh called Anningait, or Anningaina; whoe Siter was the Sun, named Malina, or Ajut (by which latter Name they call any handome Woman, for whom they have a Value, Ajuna.) The Reaon why thee two were taken up into Heaven, they give is this: There were once a Number of young Men and Women aembled to play together in a Houe made of Snow, (according to their Cutom in the Winter Seaon) when the Moon or Anningait, who was deeply in Love with his Siter, who aited at this Aembly, was ued every Night to put out the Light, that he might cares her undicovered: But he not liking thee tolen Carees, once blackened her Hands with Soot, that he might mark the Hands, Face, and Clothes of her unknown Lover, who in the dark made Addrees to her, and by that dicover who he was: (Hence, they ay, come the Spots that are oberved in the Moon) for as he wore a Coat of a fine white Skin, it was all over bemeared with Soot) hereupon Malina, or the Sun, went out to light a Bit of Mos; Anningait or the Moon did the ame, but the Flame of I


text: The Origin and Development of the Bengali Language/Part 2


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Reg. No. 36B, August, 1926—500


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204 his Mos was extinguihed; this makes the Moon look like a fiery Coal, and not hine o bright as the Sun. The Moon then run after the Sun round about the Houe for to catch her; but he, to get rid of him, flew up into the Air, and the Moon puruing her, did likewie; and thus they till continue to perue one another, though the Sun's Career is much above that of the Moon.

They alo tell us, that the Moon is yet obliged to eek for his Livelihood upon the Earth and Sea, in catching of Seals, as a Food he formerly was ued to; which they pretend he is a doing, when he appears not in the Air: Nay, they do not tick to ay, that he now and then comes down to give their Wives a Viit, and cares them; for which Reaon no Woman dare leep ly- ing


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Rh ing upon her Back, without he firt pits upon her Fingers, and rubs her Belly with it.

For the ame Reaon the young Maids are afraid to tare long at the Moon, imagining they might get a Child by the Bargain. During the Eclipe of the Sun no Man dare tir out of the Houe; and likewie, when the Moon is ecliped, no Women goes abroad, becaue they fancy, that both hate the Sex of the other. The Sun for Joy puts on her Pendants, or the Reaon of which they take to be the Hatred he bears againt her Brother, which alo reaches to his Sex. As on the contrary, the Greenland Women wear their Pendants at the Birth of a Boy, becaue o ueful a Creature is come into the World. Their Notion about the Stars is, that ome of them have been Men, and other different orts of Animals and Fihes. The faint Light of ome Stars they attribute to their eating the Kidney; and Brightnes of others, to their feeding upon Liver. They give alo Names to many Stars and Contellations, viz.


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206 viz. the three Sons in the Belt of Orion, they name Siektut, that is eparated; becaue thee three, they ay, before their Metempychois, or rather Metamorphois, were three honet Greenlanders, who being out at Sea, a Seal catching, were bewildred, and not being able to find the Shore again, were taken up into Heaven.

Ura Major, the great Bear Star, is tiled by thoe that dwell in the 64 Degree, Tugto, or while they that live in the Bay of Dico at 99 Degrees, call it Aelluit, the Name of a Tree, to which they tie their Line, when they hoot Seals. Taurus, the econd Sign in the Zodiac, is named Kellukturet, or Kennel of Hounds, who eem to have a Bear among them; by this Contellation they reckon their Hours by Night. Iveruk, that is, two Perons that contend with Songs or Veres in taunting one another, as is cutomary among the Greenlanders. Thee two Stars are in the Contellation Taurus, of which heretofore. Aldebaren or Nennerroak, that is, a Light who lights the two Singers. Canis Major is cal- led


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 Rh the whole argument was perfectly friendly—had made an ass of himself by not “striking” soon enough. Of course the whole thing was so long ago that both of them could look back on it without any bitterness or ill nature. In fact it amused them. Kernin said it was the most laughable thing he ever saw in his life to see poor old Jack—that’s Morse’s name—shoving away with the landing net wrong side up. And Morse said he’d never forget seeing poor old Kernin yanking his line first this way and then that and not knowing where to try to haul it. It made him laugh to look back at it.

They might have gone on laughing for quite a time, but Charlie Jones interrupted by saying that in his opinion a landing net is a piece of darned foolishness. Here Popley agrees with him. Kernin objects that if you don’t use a net you’ll lose your fish at the side of the boat. Jones says no: give him a hook well through the fish and a stout line in his hand and that fish has got to come in. Popley says so too. He says let him have his hook fast through the fish’s head with a short stout line, and put him (Popley) at the other end of that line and that fish will come in. It’s got to. Otherwise Popley will know why. That’s the alternative. Either the fish must come in or Popley must know why. There’s no escape from the logic of it.

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Rh led Nelleraglek, which is a Name of a Man amongt them; this they ay has got on a Coat of Skin. Gemini, Auriga and Cupella are named Killaub Kuttuk, that is, the Breat Bone of Heaven.

When two Stars eem to meet together, they ay, that they are a viiting one another; others will have it to be two Women, who being Rivals, take one another by the Hair.

Concerning Thunder and Lightning, they ay, that two old Women live together in one Houe in the Air, who now and then fall out and quarrel about a thick and tiff outtretched Seal Skin (becaue uch a Skin, if beaten as a Drum, has ome Likenes to the Noie of Thunder;) whilt they are thus by the Ears together, down comes the Houe with great bouncing and cracking, and the Lamps are broken, the Fires and broken Pieces fly about in the Air, and this, in their Philoophy, is Thunder and Lightning. In


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 Rh But perhaps some of my readers have heard the thing discussed before.

So, as I say, we decided to go the next morning and to make an early start. All of the boys were at one about that. When I say “boys,” I use the word, as it is used in fishing, to mean people from say forty-five to sixty-five. There is something about fishing that keeps men young. If a fellow gets out for a good morning’s fishing, forgetting all business worries, once in a while—say, once in ten years—it keeps him fresh.

We agreed to go in a launch, a large launch—to be exact, the largest in the town. We could have gone in row boats, but a row boat is a poor thing to fish from. Kernin said that in a row boat it is impossible properly to “play” your fish. The side of the boat is so low that the fish is apt to leap over the side into the boat when half “played.” Popley said that there is no comfort in a row boat. In a launch a man can reach out his feet, and take it easy. Charlie Jones said that in a launch a man could rest his back against something, and Morse said that in a launch a man could rest his neck. Young inexperienced boys, in the small sense of the word, never think of these things. So they go out and after a few hours their necks get tired; whereas a group of expert fishers in a launch can rest their backs

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Photo by Alvin Langdon Coburn.

Reproduced from "Roderick Hudson," by Henry James. (Macmillan.)

HENRY JAMES.

"Hurry up with another book of stories. I am now reduced to two of my contemporaries, you and Barrie—O, and Kipling—you and Barrie and Kipling are now my Muses Three."—To Henry James.

"The Letters of R. L. Stevenson." Edited by Sir Sidney Colvin. (Methuen.)


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From a Painting by J.S. Sargent, R.A.

Painted in 1886.

EDMUND GOSSE, C.B.

"Well, my dear Gosse, here's wishing you all health and prosperity May you live long, since it seems as if you would continue to enjoy life. May you write many more books as good as this one—only there's one thing impossible, you can never write another dedication that can give the same pleasure to the vanished Tusitala."—To Edmund Gosse. Stevenson's last letter—written two days before his death.

"The Letters of R. L. Stevenson." Edited by Sir Sidney Colvin. (Methuen.)


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 From "Treasure Island." (Cassell.)

'DO YOU CALL THAT A HEAD ON YOUR SHOULDERS, OR A BLESSED DEAD EYE?'


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From "The Black Arrow." (Cassell.)

"HE CARRIED IN HIS HAND A BURNING TORCH, WHICH MADE HIM A BETTER MARK."


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R. L. STEVENSON.


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From "A Child's Garden of Verses. (John Lane.)

Drawn by Charles Robinson.


text: The Origin and Development of the Bengali Language/Part 1/Contents


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THE GENIUS OF STEVENSON and sweetly. Too ready an eye for the ridiculous bars my claim to judge on so delicate a point of taste, but fairer critics have owned that sometimes he refines overmuch, and allows the sense to drift with the words. It may be so, but what of that? there is good store of bread to his oceans of sack. It is not here my purpose to analyse his art, but rather to point out how little it has of the modern air. Take two other prose-artists of our time, Ruskin and Matthew Arnold: each in his way is entirely modern; they simply took up our English such as they found it, perfecting it to their needs. Stevenson goes back not merely, as the critics fancy, to Sterne, but behind the Revolution to a period when scholars wrote for scholars and dreaded a solecism as a stain upon their honour, when the sonorous compliment and gracious urbanity of the cedar parlour were not cast aside on entering the library, when the reader was still "gentle" enough to relish the assiduous court and subtle flattery of a finely elaborated style. That he alone should have adopted this felicitous model I attribute to the accident of his birthplace. So long as Lowland Scotch survives, so long must English, as the aristocratic, the learned, the literary language, attract with the charm of Plato's Attic or Petrarch's Tuscan, and a Scotch student will seek out the purest English exemplars with a singleness of eye by us unattainable.

But the parallel is even stronger as regards his dilettantism, the other note in his attractive personality. At first you mistake it for Voltairian diablerie, then for Neo-Gallic heartlessness, then for agnostical weariness of the flesh. Is he ever sincere? does he care for anything or anybody? does he not despise his own puppets and gloat over their miseries? are his books mere sleight of hand, and is the showman sneering at us dull clowns agape on his benches? No, it is all pure dilettantism, and that of the high old English breed. With a certain polished reserve not wholly flattering to his rivals, he stands daintily aloof from the rabble who live by tickling the ears of the Public-Ass. True, he owes it to himself to make no discourteous allusions to the reader's ears, but in a graceful way he allows him to gather that their length has not wholly escaped his notice, nor does the honest fool like him less for his discrimination than for his reticence.

Were authors princes they might all write like this. Without being a prince, Mr. Stevenson somehow succeeds in evading the attitude of the labourer worthy of his hire. He does not profess to cast fine pearls before swine; he means them for


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 gentles and scholars; but if the swine come grunting around, with a laugh he scrambles a few handfuls among them. He pleases just because he claims to write only to please himself and a few kindred spirits—not you or me. His dainties were not dressed for us, but for our betters: we like them none the less for that; a few crumbs of the Empress Frederick's bride-cake fell by some chance to my childish maw—I pronounced them excellent. Again, even when most confidential and caressing, he allows no liberties; he never hobnobs with the reader like Sterne; when you are beginning to presume on his condescension, suddenly by a careless sarcasm or a courtly phrase he lets you know your place. When your curiosity is whetted by his own vivid interest in some topic, long before you tire of it he tosses it aside for something new. He suffers you to drain no cup to the dregs. You are to understand that he is no professional scribbler, but a lettered gentleman who just allows you a sight of his manuscripts. Granted that in these days such an attitude involves a certain illusion, still the art with which it is maintained is almost perfect. Stevenson alone—or at least most of all—among our finer writers has succeeded in veiling the nexus of contract between author and reader, book-writer and book-buyer, and in its place reviving the courteous, gracious, mutually-complaisant relations now well-nigh forgotten. Hence the humanising, if not precisely elevating, influence of his work. That work he seems to just carelessly leave in our way—not serious work, you understand—merely the pastime of a cultivated, leisurely mind. What scope, what license this artful dilettantism gives him! To criticise almost seems an impertinence. We must not even speculate what he could do if he liked; enough if we whisper that he has never yet chosen to do his utmost. Like those old experimentalists to whom I have compared him, he wades into deep waters, but no farther than he chooses; he diverts himself by turns with philosophy, fiction, science, the black art and what not; but nothing does he pursue in the sordid, technical, specialist spirit. Like them, too, his fancy is caught by chimeras and paradoxes on which he lavishes a world of elaboration. And why not? a literary aristocrat surely knows how to preserve his dignity while toying with his pen. Superiority—distinction is the note which separates the dilettante from the vulgar trifler, and this distinction is as conspicuous in the audacious incompleteness of some of his work as in the consummate perfection of the rest. Quite apart from style, his attitude to his craft—


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Author:Bryan Foy

Films directed

 * Lights of New York (1928)

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