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 :(f) any other information required by the Registrar in pursuance of any of the provisions of the State Act.

'''243ZQ. Offences and penalties.'''—(1) The Legislature of a State may, by law, make provisions for the offences relating to the co-operative societies and penalties for such offences.

(2) A law made by the Legislature of a State under clause (1) shall include the commission of the following act or omission as offences, namely:—
 * (a) a co-operative society or an officer or member thereof wilfully makes a false return or furnishes false information, or any person wilfully not furnishes any information required from him by a person authorised in this behalf under the provisions of the State Act;
 * (b) any person wilfully or without any reasonable excuse disobeys any summons, requisition or lawful written order issued under the provisions of the State Act;
 * (c) any employer who, without sufficient cause, fails to pay to a co-operative society amount deducted by him from its employee within a period of fourteen days from the date on which such deduction is made;
 * (d) any officer or custodian who wilfully fails to handover custody of books, accounts, documents, records, cash, security and other property belonging to a co-operative society of which he is an officer or custodian, to an authorised person; and
 * (e) whoever, before, during or after the election of members of the board or office bearers, adopts any corrupt practice.

'''243ZR. Application to multi-State co-operative societies.'''—The provisions of this Part shall apply to the multi-State co-operative societies subject to the modification that any reference to “Legislature of a State”, “State Act” or State Government” shall be construed as a reference to “Parliament”, “Central Act” or “the Central Government” respectively.

'''243ZS. Application to Union territories.'''—The provisions of this Part shall apply to the Union territories and shall, in their application to a Union territory, having no Legislative Assembly as if the references to the Legislature of a State were a reference to the administrator thereof appointed under article 239 and, in relation to a Union territory having a Legislative Assembly, to that Legislative Assembly:

Provided that the President may, by notification in the Official Gazette, direct that the provisions of this Part shall not apply to any Union territory or part thereof as he may specify in the notification.

'''243ZT. Continuance of existing laws.'''— Notwithstanding anything in this Part, any provision of any law relating to co-operative societies in force in a State immediately before the commencement of the Constitution (Ninety-seventh Amendment) Act, 2011, which is inconsistent with the provisions of this Part, shall continue to be in force until amended or repealed by a competent Legislature or other competent authority or until the expiration of one year from such commencement, whichever is less.]


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Page:Kalevala (Kirby 1907) v1.djvu/164

144

“I have chased the elk of Hiisi

On the distant plains of Hiisi.

Give me now, old dame, your daughter,

Give the youthful bride I seek for.”

Louhi, Pohjola’s old Mistress

Heard his words, and then made answer:

“I will only give my daughter,

Give the youthful bride you seek for,

If you rein the mighty gelding,

He the chestnut steed of Hiisi,

He the foaming foal of Hiisi,

On the bounds of Hiisi’s meadow.”

Then the lively Lemminkainen

Took at once a golden bridle,

Took a halter all of silver,

And he went to seek the courser,

Went to seek the yellow-maned one,

On the bounds of Hiisi’s meadow.

Then he hastened on his journey,

On his way went swiftly forward,

Through the green and open meadows,

To the sacred field beyond them,

And he sought there for the courser,

Seeking for the yellow-maned one.

At his belt the bit he carried,

And the harness on his shoulder.

Thus he sought one day, a second,

And at length upon the third day

Came he to a lofty mountain,

And upon a rock he clambered.

And he turned his eyes to eastward,

And he turned his head to sunwards.

On the sand he saw the courser,

’Mid the firs the yellow-maned one.

From his hair the flame was flashing,

From his mane the smoke was rising.

Thereupon prayed Lemminkainen:

“Ukko, thou of Gods the highest,

Ukko, thou of clouds the leader,

Of the scattered clouds conductor,

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

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the death of Ibn az-Zubeir, who for thirteen years had held his ground as rival of successive Caliphs, the Umeiyad rule was anew recognised, without dispute, over the whole Muslim realm, and ʿAbd al-Melik named as Caliph in the prayers of every Mosque from east to farthest west. In his reign the Arab dominion reached its high-water mark. They were the ruling race whose sway Muslims of all other races were obliged to acknowledge. He was able at last to turn his arms again towards the north, where the Muslims now obtained material victories over the Greek forces in Asia Minor and also in Armenia; so that apprehension in that direction was for the present at an end. But the feud between Ḳeis and Kelb did not cease. Out of it sprang another between the Christian tribe of Taghlib and Suleim, and the tribe of Fezāra was also brought in. The scene of the endless series of acts of vengeance was Mesopotamia, and the feud was carried on with the utmost cruelty. In Al-Baṣra the feud between Rabīʿa and the Azd on one side and Temīm and Ḳeis on the other spread to Khorāsān, a Baṣrite colony. But it was as yet a far cry to Khorāsān, and it says much for ʿAbd al-Melik that he held together both Ḳeis and Kelb in Syria, for when revenge was afoot, all political and religious bonds were thrown to the winds.

But throughout the remainder of this reign the leading figure was unquestionably Al-Ḥajjāj, whose cruelties have stamped him as the worst tyrant of the age. For some time after the sack of Mecca he remained governor of Arabia. Having removed the unhallowed vestiges of the sacrilegious 332


text: The Caliphate: Its Rise, Decline, and Fall/Chapter 49


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Page:Cetacean Community v. Bush.pdf/4

 Policy Act (“NEPA”), 16 U.S.C. §§ 4321–4347.

The Navy has developed SURTASS LFAS to assist in detecting quiet submarines at long range. This sonar has both active and passive components. The active component consists of low frequency underwater transmitters. These transmitters emit loud sonar pulses, or “pings,” that can travel hundreds of miles through the water. The passive listening component consists of hydrophones that detect pings returning as echoes. See 67 Fed.Reg. 46,712–16 (explaining SURTASS LFAS in more detail); 67 Fed.Reg. 48,145–48 (same). Through their attorney, the Cetaceans contend that SURTASS LFAS harms them by causing tissue damage and other serious injuries, and by disrupting biologically important behaviors including feeding and mating.

The negative effects of underwater noise on marine life are well recognized. An analysis accompanying the current regulations for the Navy’s use of SURTASS LFAS summarizes the harmful effects as follows: "[A]ny human-made noise that is strong enough to be heard has the potential to reduce (mask) the ability of marine mammals to hear natural sounds at similar frequencies, including calls from conspecifics, echolocation sounds of ondontocetes, and environmental sounds such as surf noise…. [V]ery strong sounds have the potential to cause temporary or permanent reduction in hearing sensitivity. In addition, intense acoustic or explosive events may cause trauma to tissues associated with organs vital for hearing, sound production, respiration, and other functions. This trauma may include minor to severe hemorrhage."

67 Fed.Reg. 46,778; see also Nat’l Parks & Conservation Ass’n v. Babbitt, 241 F.3d 722, 737 n. 4 (9th Cir.2001) (noting that the “acoustic environment appears to be very important to humpback whales”). The current regulations, governing routine peacetime training and testing, have been challenged in a separate action. Natural Res. Def. Council, Inc. v. Evans, 279 F.Supp.2d 1129, 1191 (N.D.Cal.2003) (“NRDC”) (issuing permanent injunction restricting the Navy’s routine peacetime use of LFA sonar “in areas that are particularly rich in marine life”).

The Cetaceans do not challenge the current regulations. Instead, they seek to compel President Bush and Secretary of Defense Rumsfeld to undertake regulatory review of use of SURTASS LFAS during threat and wartime conditions. The Navy has specifically excepted such use of SURTASS LFAS from the current regulations. See Fed.Reg.67 Fed.Reg. [sic] 46,717; 67 Fed.Reg. 48,146. The Cetaceans seek an injunction ordering the President and the Secretary of Defense to consult with the National Marine Fisheries Service under the ESA, 16 U.S.C. § 1536(a), to apply for a letter of authorization under the MMPA, 16 U.S.C. § 1371(a)(2), and to prepare an environmental impact statement under NEPA, 42 U.S.C. § 4332(2)(C). They also seek an injunction banning use of SURTASS LFAS until the President and the Secretary of Defense comply with what the Cetaceans contend these statutes command.

Defendants moved to dismiss the Cetaceans’ suit under Federal Rules of Civil Procedure 12(b)(1) for lack of subject matter jurisdiction and 12(b)(6) for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted. Without specifying which of these rules was the basis for its decision, the district court granted the motion to dismiss. The court held, inter alia, that the Cetaceans lacked standing under the ESA, the MMPA, NEPA and the Administrative Procedure Act (“APA”). Cetacean

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 Community v. Bush, 249 F.Supp.2d 1206 (D.Haw.2003).

The Cetaceans timely appeal. We review the district court’s standing decision de novo. City of Sausalito v. O’Neill, 386 F.3d 1186, 2004 WL 2348385 (filed October 20, 2004); Bernhardt v. County of Los Angeles, 279 F.3d 862, 867 (9th Cir.2002). We agree with the district court that the Cetaceans have not been granted standing to sue by the ESA, the MMPA, NEPA, or the APA. We therefore conclude that dismissal under Rule 12(b)(6) for failure to state a claim was correct, and we affirm the district court.

The Cetaceans contend that an earlier decision of this court requires us to hold that they have standing under the ESA. We first address that decision. In Palila v. Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, 852 F.2d 1106, 1107 (9th Cir.1988) (“Palila IV”), a suit to enforce the ESA, we wrote that an endangered member of the honeycreeper family, the Hawaiian Palila bird, “has legal status and wings its way into federal court as a plaintiff in its own right.” Id. We wrote, further, that the Palila had “earned the right to be capitalized since it is a party to these proceedings.” Id.

If these statements in Palila IV constitute a holding that an endangered species has standing to sue to enforce the ESA, they are binding on us in this proceeding. Brand X Internet Services v. FCC, 345 F.3d 1120, 1130 (9th Cir.2003) (“three-judge panels are bound by the holdings of earlier three-judge panels”). The government argues that these statements in Palila IV are nonbinding dicta. See, e.g., Hawaiian Crow (ʻAlala) v. Lujan, 906 F.Supp. 549, 552 n. 2 (D.Haw.1991) (characterizing statements in Palila IV as non-binding dicta); Citizens to End Animal Suffering & Exploitation, Inc. v. New England Aquarium, 836 F.Supp. 45, 49 (D.Mass.1993) (same). The district court agreed with the government’s argument. Cetacean Community, 249 F.Supp.2d at 1210 (“As other courts have recognized, however, this statement is dicta and does not constitute precedent binding on this court.”). However, at least two district courts, relying on our statements in Palila IV, have held that the ESA grants standing to animals. ''Marbled Murrelet v. Pac. Lumber Co.'', 880 F.Supp. 1343, 1346 (N.D.Cal.1995); Loggerhead Turtle v. County Council of Volusia, Florida, 896 F.Supp. 1170, 1177 (M.D.Fla.1995) (citing Marbled Murrelet). We asked for briefing on whether we should take this case en banc to overrule Palila IV. A majority of the nonrecused judges voted not to take this case en banc.

After due consideration, we agree with the district court that Palila IV’s statements are nonbinding dicta. A statement is dictum when it is “ ‘made during the course of delivering a judicial opinion, but … is unnecessary to the decision in the case and [is] therefore not precedential.’ ” ''Best Life Assur. Co. v. Comm’r, 281 F.3d 828, 834 (9th Cir.2002) (quoting Black’s Law Dictionary'' 1100 (7th ed.1999)). The line is not always easy to draw, however, for “where a panel confronts an issue germane to the eventual resolution of the case, and resolves it after reasoned consideration in a published opinion, that ruling becomes the law of the circuit, regardless of whether doing so is necessary in some strict logical sense.” United States v. Johnson, 256 F.3d 895, 914 (9th Cir.2001) (Kozinski, J., concurring).

When we decided Palila IV, the case had already been the subject of three published opinions, two by the district court and one by this court. Standing for most

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 of the plaintiffs had always been clear, and standing for the Palila had never been a disputed issue. In Palila I, the district court noted that the action “was filed in the name of the Palila by the Sierra Club, National Audubon Society, Hawaii Audubon Society, and Alan C. Ziegler, suing as next friends and on their own behalf, as plaintiffs.” Palila v. Hawaii Dep’t of Land & Natural Res. (“Palila I”), 471 F.Supp. 985, 987 (D.Haw.1979). On appeal from that decision, we wrote in Palila II, “The Sierra Club and others brought this action in the name of the Palila.” Palila v. Hawaii Dep’t of Land & Natural Res. (“Palila II”), 639 F.2d 495, 496 (9th Cir.1981). On remand, the district court did not repeat its description of the plaintiffs, but the parties were unchanged. Palila v. Hawaii Dep’t of Land & Natural Res. (“Palila III”), 649 F.Supp. 1070 (D.Haw.1986). Finally, in Palila IV, immediately after we stated that the Palila “wings it way into the federal court as a plaintiff in its own right,” we noted that “the Sierra Club and others brought an action under the [ESA] on behalf of the Palila.” Palila IV, 852 F.3d at 1107.

We have jurisdiction if at least one named plaintiff has standing to sue, even if another named plaintiff in the suit does not. See ''Laub v. U.S. Dep’t. [sic] of Interior'', 342 F.3d 1080, 1086 (9th Cir.2003). Because the standing of most of the other parties was undisputed in Palila I–IV, no jurisdictional concerns obliged us to consider whether the Palila had standing. Cf. Hawksbill Sea Turtle v. FEMA, 126 F.3d 461, 466 n. 2 (3d Cir.1997) (allowing turtle to remain named in case caption, but not deciding whether it had standing because named human parties did). Moreover, we were never asked to decide whether the Palila had standing.

In context, our statements in Palila IV were little more than rhetorical flourishes. They were certainly not intended to be a statement of law, binding on future panels, that animals have standing to bring suit in their own name under the ESA. Because we did not hold in Palila IV that animals have standing to sue in their own names under the ESA, we address that question as a matter of first impression here.

Standing involves two distinct inquiries. First, an Article III federal court must ask whether a plaintiff has suffered sufficient injury to satisfy the “case or controversy” requirement of Article III. To satisfy Article III, a plaintiff “must show that (1) it has suffered an ‘injury in fact’ that is (a) concrete and particularized and (b) actual or imminent, not conjectural or hypothetical; (2) the injury is fairly traceable to the challenged action of the defendant; and (3) it is likely, as opposed to merely speculative, that the injury will be redressed by a favorable decision.” ''Friends of the Earth, Inc. v. Laidlaw Envtl. Sys. (TOC), Inc.'', 528 U.S. 167, 180–81, 120 S.Ct. 693, 145 L.Ed.2d 610 (2000). If a plaintiff lacks Article III standing, Congress may not confer standing on that plaintiff by statute. Lujan v. Defenders of Wildlife, 504 U.S. 555, 576–77, 112 S.Ct. 2130, 119 L.Ed.2d 351 (1992). A suit brought by a plaintiff without Article III standing is not a “case or controversy,” and an Article III federal court therefore lacks subject matter jurisdiction over the suit. Steel Co. v. Citizens for a Better Environment, 523 U.S. 83, 101, 118 S.Ct. 1003, 140 L.Ed.2d 210 (1998). In that event, the suit should be dismissed under Rule 12(b)(1). See Steel Co. at 109–10, 118 S.Ct. 1003; Warren v. Fox Family Worldwide, Inc., 328 F.3d 1136, 1140 (9th Cir.2003); ''Scott v. Pasadena Unified Sch. Dist.'', 306 F.3d 646, 664 (9th Cir.2002).

title: Page:Cetacean Community v. Bush.pdf/6


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 692–705] siege from the precincts of the Kaʿba, which was by him restored to its previous dimensions, he visited Medīna. There he denounced in no measured terms the city in which ʿOthmān had been murdered, and even branded certain of the citizens, known as hostile to the Umeiyad line, with the mark used for a subject race.

In the following year a branch of the Khawārij, called the Azāriḳa, assumed a threatening attitude on the Persian frontier, and Al-Muhallab was deputed from Khorāsān, with heavy contingents from Al-Baṣra and Al-Kūfa, again to fight against them. But on the governor of Al-ʿIrāḳ, Bishr, the youthful brother of the Caliph, dying shortly after, the troops from both cities began to desert Al-Muhallab and, despite remonstrance, return to their homes. The Caliph now saw that none but a strong hand could curb the license of the men of Al-ʿIrāḳ, and so, to the joy of Al-Muhallab, Al-Ḥajjāj was appointed governor. He forthwith set out from Medīna with a small mounted escort, and crossing the desert by forced marches arrived in the early dawn unknown at AI-Kūfa. He entered the Mosque as men were assembling for early prayer, and mounting the pulpit sat down, with face concealed behind the folds of his red turban. "To prayers! to prayers!" he cried aloud, and still sat muffled. Some thinking him a Khāriji adventurer, took up stones to cast at him. But they dropped them in terror as, uncovering his stern features, they recognised that it was Al-Ḥajjāj. In verses full of threat and fury, he upbraided the city for its treachery; "Beware," he said, "for verily it is as if I saw many a head before me all gory in its blood!" Then he commanded the Caliph's rescript to be read aloud. It opened with the greeting of Peace; but there was no response. "Stop!" said Al-Ḥajjāj in anger, to the reader; "is it come to this, that ye respond not to the greeting of the Caliph? I will teach you soon to mend your ways." The affrighted company at once joined in the loyal response, "Peace and blessing on the Caliph!" The letter read, Al-Ḥajjāj resumed his threatening tone;—"If ye reform not forthwith," he said, "there will soon be widows and orphans enough amongst you. Unless ye depart within three


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334 days for Al-Muhallab's army, I swear that I will slay every man of you I find behind." And he was as good as his word. The citizens streamed day and night across the bridge; but some who failed to hasten their departure, an aged man amongst them, were barbarously put to death. At Al-Baṣra, the same scene, with even increased severity, was enacted. It was emphatically now the reign of terror.

With the view of encouraging Al-Muhallab in his harassing campaign, Al-Ḥajjāj with a column from Al-Baṣra encamped in his vicinity. There his troops mutinied for an increase of pay, such as had been given them by Muṣʿab; and at one time Al-Ḥajjāj, refusing it and left almost alone, was in peril of his life. In the end, order was restored, and an amnesty proclaimed. Not many were put to death, but amongst them was the son of Anas, once body-servant of the Prophet, and now an aged citizen of Al-Baṣra. Not content with executing his son, Al-Ḥajjāj confiscated the possessions of the father also, and, on his expostulating, covered him with invective. Stung by his reproaches, Anas appealed to the Caliph, who upbraided his lieutenant in terms of such gross indecency as few but Arabs know how to give, and ordered him on pain of personal chastisement to withdraw his words, and treat Anas with the honour due to one who had in person served the Prophet. Al-Ḥajjāj, much disconcerted, made the best amend he could. Anas accepted the apology, but added what should have touched the despot more even than the Caliph's reprimand:—"Had a Nazarene, with all his infidelity, seen one who had served the Son of Mary but for a single day, truly he had done him honour, as thou hast not done to me, who served the Prophet of the Lord for full ten years." It is the last link that connects the pages of tradition with the person of the Prophet.


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 Second, if a plaintiff has suffered sufficient injury to satisfy Article III, a federal court must ask whether a statute has conferred “standing” on that plaintiff. Non-constitutional standing exists when “a particular plaintiff has been granted a right to sue by the specific statute under which he or she brings suit.” Sausalito, 386 F.3d at 1199, 2004 WL 2348385. To ensure enforcement of statutorily created duties, Congress may confer standing as it sees fit on any plaintiff who satisfies Article III. Id. at 1199, 2004 WL 2348385. Where it is arguable whether a plaintiff has suffered sufficient injury to satisfy Article III, the Supreme Court has some times insisted as a matter of “prudence” that Congress make its intention clear before it will construe a statute to confer standing on a particular plaintiff. See, e.g., ''Nat’l Credit Union Admin. v. First Nat. Bank & Trust Co.'', 522 U.S. 479, 488, 118 S.Ct. 927, 140 L.Ed.2d 1 (1998); Ass’n of Data Processing Serv. Orgs., Inc. v. Camp, 397 U.S. 150, 153, 90 S.Ct. 827, 25 L.Ed.2d 184 (1970); see also ''Fed. Election Com’n v. Akins'', 524 U.S. 11, 19, 118 S.Ct. 1777, 141 L.Ed.2d 10 (1998) (describing “the common-law interests and substantive statutory rights upon which ‘prudential’ standing traditionally rested”); Raines v. Byrd, 521 U.S. 811, 820 n. 3, 117 S.Ct. 2312, 138 L.Ed.2d 849 (1997) (explicit grant of authority to bring suit “eliminates any prudential standing limitations”). If a plaintiff has suffered sufficient injury to satisfy the jurisdictional requirement of Article III but Congress has not granted statutory standing, that plaintiff cannot state a crlaim upon which relief can be granted. See Steel Co., 523 U.S. at 97, 118 S.Ct. 1003 (statutory standing is not a jurisdictional question of whether there is case or controversy under Article III); Guerrero v. Gates, 357 F.3d 911, 920–21 (9th Cir.2003) (where plaintiffs lacked standing under RICO, affirming district court’s dismissal under Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 12(b)(6)). In that event, the suit should be dismissed under Rule 12(b)(6). Guerrero, 357 F.3d at 920–21.

Article III does not compel the conclusion that a statutorily authorized suit in the name of an animal is not a “case or controversy.” As commentators have observed, nothing in the text of Article III explicitly limits the ability to bring a claim in federal court to humans. See U.S. Const, art. III; see also Cass R. Sunstein, Standing for Animals (With Notes on Animal Rights), 47 UCLA L.Rev. 1333 (2000) (arguing that Congress could grant standing to animals, but has not); Katherine A. Burke, ''Can We Stand For It? Amending the Endangered Species Act with an Animal-Suit Provision'', 75 U. Colo. L.Rev. 633 (2004) (same).

Animals have many legal rights, protected under both federal and state laws. In some instances, criminal statutes punish those who violate statutory duties that protect animals. See, e.g., African Elephant Conservation Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 4201–4245; Animal Welfare Act, 7 U.S.C. §§ 2131–2159; Horse Protection Act, 15 U.S.C. §§ 1821–1831; Wild Free-Roaming Horses and Burros Act, 16 U.S.C. §§ 1331–1340; see also, e.g., N.Y. Agric. & Mkts. Law § 356 (obliging anyone who has impounded or confined an animal to provide good air, water, shelter, and food); Cal.Penal Code § 597a (imposing criminal penalties on anyone who transports an animal in a cruel or inhumane manner). In other instances, humans whose interests are affected by the existence or welfare of animals are granted standing to bring civil suits to enforce statutory duties that protect these animals. The ESA and the MMPA are good examples of such statutes.

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{|cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style="font-weight:bold; width:100%" 2023254er for what constitutes voluntary and informed consent; providing that only a physician may prescribe, administer, or perform such prescriptions and procedures; defining the term “physician”; providing applicability; providing for disciplinary action; providing criminal penalties; requiring the Board of Medicine and the Board of Osteopathic Medicine to adopt certain emergency rules; providing that such emergency rules remain in effect until they are replaced by nonemergency rules; amending s. 456.074, F.S.; requiring the department to immediately suspend the license of a health care practitioner who is arrested for committing or attempting, soliciting, or conspiring to commit specified violations related to sex-reassignment prescriptions or procedures for a patient younger than 18 years of age; creating s. 766.318, F.S.; creating a cause of action to recover damages for personal injury or death resulting from the provision of sex-reassignment prescriptions or procedures to a minor; providing that certain limitations on punitive damages do not apply to such actions; specifying the timeframe within which such actions may be commenced; providing construction and applicability; providing severability; providing a directive to the Division of Law Revision; providing an effective date.
 * style="width:50%"|ENROLLED 2023 Legislature
 * style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:50%"|CS for SB 254, 2nd Engrossed
 * }
 * }

Be It Enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida:

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{|cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style="font-weight:bold; width:100%" 2023254er Section 1. Subsection (1) of section 61.517, Florida Statutes, is amended to read:
 * style="width:50%"|ENROLLED 2023 Legislature
 * style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:50%"|CS for SB 254, 2nd Engrossed
 * }
 * }

61.517 Temporary emergency jurisdiction.—

(1) A court of this state has temporary emergency jurisdiction if the child is present in this state and :

(a) The child has been abandoned ; or

(b) It is necessary in an emergency to protect the child because the child, or a sibling or parent of the child, is subjected to or threatened with mistreatment or abuse ; or

(c) It is necessary in an emergency to protect the child because the child has been subjected to or is threatened with being subjected to sex-reassignment prescriptions or procedures, as defined in s. 456.001.

Section 2. Subsection (1) of section 61.534, Florida Statutes, is amended to read:

61.534 Warrant to take physical custody of child.—

(1) Upon the filing of a petition seeking enforcement of a child custody determination, the petitioner may file a verified application for the issuance of a warrant to take physical custody of the child if the child is likely to imminently suffer serious physical harm or removal from this state. Serious physical harm includes, but is not limited to, being subjected to sex-reassignment prescriptions or procedures as defined in s. 456.001.

Section 3. Section 286.31, Florida Statutes, is created to read:

286.31 Prohibited use of state funds.—

(1) As used in this section, the term “governmental entity” means the state or any political subdivision thereof, including

title: Page:Florida Senate Bill 254.pdf/3


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Page:Kalevala (Kirby 1907) v1.djvu/165

Runo XIV]

Open now thy clefts in heaven,

And in all the sky thy windows,

Let the iron hail fall downwards,

Send thou down the frozen masses,

On the mane of that good courser,

On the back of Hiisi’s courser.”

Ukko then, the great Creator,

Jumala ’mid clouds exalted,

Heard and rent the air asunder,

Clove in twain the vault of heaven,

Scattered ice, and scattered iceblocks,

Scattered down the iron hailstones,

Smaller than a horse’s head is,

Larger than a head of man is,

On the mane of that good courser,

On the back of Hiisi’s courser.

Then the lively Lemminkainen,

Forward stepped to gaze about him,

And advanced for observation,

And he spoke the words which follow:

“Hiitola’s most mighty courser,

Mountain foal, with mane all foam-flecked,

Give me now thy golden muzzle,

Stretch thou forth thy head of silver,

Push it in the golden bridle,

With the bit of shining silver.

I will never treat you badly,

And I will not drive you harshly,

And our way is but a short one,

And ’tis but a little journey,

Unto Pohjola’s bleak homestead,

To my cruel foster-mother.

With a rope I will not flog you,

With a switch I will not drive you,

But with silken cords will lead you,

With a strip of cloth will drive you.”

Then the chestnut horse of Hiisi,

Hiisi’s horse, with mane all foam-flecked,

Forward stretched his golden muzzle,

Forward reached his head of silver,

Rh

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{|cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style="font-weight:bold; width:100%" 2023254er  the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government; the independent establishments of the state, counties, municipalities, districts, authorities, boards, or commissions; and any agencies that are subject to chapter 286.
 * style="width:50%"|ENROLLED 2023 Legislature
 * style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:50%"|CS for SB 254, 2nd Engrossed
 * }
 * }

(2) A governmental entity, a public postsecondary educational institution as described in s. 1000.04, the state group health insurance program, a managing entity as defined in s. 394.9082, or a managed care plan providing services under part IV of chapter 409 may not expend state funds as described in s. 215.31 for sex-reassignment prescriptions or procedures as defined in s. 456.001.

Section 4. Subsections (8) and (9) are added to section 456.001, Florida Statutes, to read:

456.001 Definitions.—As used in this chapter, the term:

(8) “Sex” means the classification of a person as either male or female based on the organization of the human body of such person for a specific reproductive role, as indicated by the person’s sex chromosomes, naturally occurring sex hormones, and internal and external genitalia present at birth.

(9)(a) “Sex-reassignment prescriptions or procedures” means:

1. The prescription or administration of puberty blockers for the purpose of attempting to stop or delay normal puberty in order to affirm a person’s perception of his or her sex if that perception is inconsistent with the person’s sex as defined in subsection (8).

2. The prescription or administration of hormones or hormone antagonists to affirm a person’s perception of his or her sex if that perception is inconsistent with the person’s sex

title: Page:Florida Senate Bill 254.pdf/4


text:
Page:Florida Senate Bill 254.pdf/5

{|cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style="font-weight:bold; width:100%" 2023254er  as defined in subsection (8).
 * style="width:50%"|ENROLLED 2023 Legislature
 * style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:50%"|CS for SB 254, 2nd Engrossed
 * }
 * }

3. Any medical procedure, including a surgical procedure, to affirm a person’s perception of his or her sex if that perception is inconsistent with the person’s sex as defined in subsection (8).

(b) The term does not include:

1. Treatment provided by a physician who, in his or her good faith clinical judgment, performs procedures upon or provides therapies to a minor born with a medically verifiable genetic disorder of sexual development, including any of the following:

a. External biological sex characteristics that are unresolvably ambiguous.

b. A disorder of sexual development in which the physician has determined through genetic or biochemical testing that the patient does not have a normal sex chromosome structure, sex steroid hormone production, or sex steroid hormone action for a male or female, as applicable.

2. Prescriptions or procedures to treat an infection, an injury, a disease, or a disorder that has been caused or exacerbated by the performance of any sex-reassignment prescription or procedure, regardless of whether such prescription or procedure was performed in accordance with state or federal law.

3. Prescriptions or procedures provided to a patient for the treatment of a physical disorder, physical injury, or physical illness that would, as certified by a physician licensed under chapter 458 or chapter 459, place the individual in imminent danger of death or impairment of a major bodily

title: Page:Florida Senate Bill 254.pdf/5


text:
Page:Kalevala (Kirby 1907) v1.djvu/166

146

To receive the golden bridle,

With the bit of shining silver.

Thus did lively Lemminkainen

Bridle Hiisi’s mighty courser,

In his mouth the bit adjusted,

On his silver head the bridle,

On his broad back then he mounted,

On the back of that good courser.

O’er the horse his whip he brandished,

With a willow switch he struck him,

And a little way he journeyed

Hasting onward through the mountains,

Through the mountains to the northward,

Over all the snow-clad mountains,

Unto Pohjola’s bleak homestead.

From the yard the hall he entered,

And he said on his arrival,

Soon as Pohjola he entered:

“I have reined the mighty courser,

Brought the foal of Hiisi bridled,

From the green and open meadows,

And the sacred field beyond them,

And I tracked the elk on snowshoes,

On the distant plains of Hiisi.

Give me now, old dame, your daughter,

Give the youthful bride I seek for.”

Louhi, Pohjola’s old Mistress,

Answered in the words which follow:

“I will only give my daughter,

Give the youthful bride you seek for,

If the river-swan you shoot me,

Shoot the great bird on the river.

There on Tuoni’s murky river,

In the sacred river’s whirlpool,

Only at a single trial,

Using but a single arrow.”

Then the lively Lemminkainen

He the handsome Kaukomieli,

Went and took his twanging crossbow,

Went away to seek the Long-neck,

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Page:Kalevala (Kirby 1907) v1.djvu/167

Runo XIV]

Forth to Tuoni’s murky river,

Down in Manala’s abysses.

On with rapid steps he hastened,

And he went with trampling footsteps,

Unto Tuonela’s broad river,

To the sacred river’s whirlpool,

’Neath his arm a handsome crossbow,

On his back his well-stored quiver.

Märkähattu then, the cowherd,

Pohjola’s old sightless greybeard,

There by Tuonela’s broad river,

By the sacred river’s whirlpool,

Long had lurked, and long had waited,

There for Lemminkainen’s coming.

And at length one day it happened,

Came the lively Lemminkainen

Hasting on, and swift approaching

Unto Tuonela’s deep river,

To the cataract most terrific,

To the sacred river’s whirlpool.

From the waves he sent a serpent,

Like a reed from out the billows;

Through the hero’s heart he hurled it,

And through Lemminkainen’s liver.

Through the arm-pit left it smote him,

Through the shoulder right it struck him.

Then the lively Lemminkainen

Felt himself severely wounded,

And he spoke the words which follow:

“I have acted most unwisely,

That I asked not information

From my mother, she who bore me.

Two words only were sufficient,

Three at most might perhaps be needed,

How to act, and live still longer,

After this day’s great misfortune.

Charm I cannot water-serpents,

Nor of reeds I know the magic.

“O my mother who hast borne me,

And hast nurtured me in sorrow,

title: Page:Kalevala (Kirby 1907) v1.djvu/167


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148

Would that thou might’st know, and hasten

To thy son, who lies in anguish.

Surely thou would’st hasten hither,

To my aid thou then would’st hasten,

To thy hapless son’s assistance,

At the point of death now lying,

For indeed too young I slumber,

And I die while still so cheerful.”

Then did Pohjola’s blind greybeard,

Märkähattu, he the cowherd,

Fling the lively Lemminkainen,

Casting Kaleva’s own offspring

Into Tuoni’s murky river,

In the worst of all the whirlpools.

Floated lively Lemminkainen,

Down the thundering cataract floated,

Down the rushing stream he floated,

Unto Tuonela’s dread dwelling.

Then the bloodstained son of Tuoni

Drew his sword, and smote the hero,

With his gleaming blade he hewed him,

While it shed a stream of flashes,

And he hewed him in five fragments,

And in pieces eight he hewed him,

Then in Tuonela’s stream cast them,

Where are Manala’s abysses.

“Thou may’st toss about for ever,

With thy crossbow and thy arrows,

Shooting swans upon the river,

Water-birds upon its borders!”

Thus did Lemminkainen perish,

Perished thus the dauntless suitor,

Down in Tuoni’s murky river,

Down in Manala’s abysses.

title: Page:Kalevala (Kirby 1907) v1.djvu/168


text: Kalevala (Kirby 1907)/Runo 14

title: Kalevala (Kirby 1907)/Runo 14


text:
Page:The Painted Veil - Maugham - 1925.djvu/30

 man who was well off and in a suitable profession.

But Kitty was a beauty. She gave promise of being so when she was still a child, for she had large, dark eyes, liquid and vivacious, brown, curling hair in which there was a reddish tint, exquisite teeth and a lovely skin. Her features would never be very good, for her chin was too square and her nose, though not so long as Doris’s, too big. Her beauty depended a good deal on her youth, and Mrs. Garstin realised that she must marry in the first flush of her maidenhood. When she came out she was dazzling: her skin was still her greatest beauty, but her eyes with their long lashes were so starry and yet so melting that it gave you a catch at the heart to look into them. She had a charming gaiety and the desire to please. Mrs. Garstin bestowed upon her all the affection, a harsh, competent, calculating affection, of which she was capable; she dreamed ambitious dreams; it was not a good marriage she aimed at for her daughter, but a brilliant one.

Kitty had been brought up with the knowledge that she was going to be a beautiful woman and she more than suspected her mother’s ambition. It accorded with her own desires. She was launched upon the world and Mrs. Garstin performed prodigies in getting herself invited to dances where her daughter might meet eligible men. Kitty was a success. She was amusing as well as beautiful, and very soon she had a dozen men in love with her. But none was suitable, and Kitty, charming and


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 “Oh, father, I’m so glad. I congratulate you with all my heart.”

“The offer arrived too late for me to tell your poor mother. It would have given her a great satisfaction.”

The bitter irony of fate! After all her efforts, intrigues and humiliations, Mrs. Garstin had died without knowing that her ambition, however modified by past disappointments, was at last achieved.

“I am sailing early next month. Of course this house will be put in the agent’s hands and my intention was to sell the furniture. I’m sorry that I shan’t be able to have you to stay here, but if you’d like any of the furniture to furnish a flat I shall be extremely pleased to give it you.”

Kitty looked into the fire. Her heart beat quickly; it was curious that on a sudden she should be so nervous. But at last she forced herself to speak. In her voice was a little tremor.

“Couldn’t I come with you, father?”

“You? Oh, my dear Kitty.” His face fell. She had often heard the expression, but thought it only a phrase, and now for the first time in her life she saw the movement that it described. It was so marked that it startled her. “But all your friends are here and Doris is here. I should have thought you’d be much happier if you took a flat in London. I don’t exactly know what your circumstances are, but I shall be very glad to pay the rent of it.”

“I have enough money to live on.”

“I’m going to a strange place. I know nothing of the conditions.”


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Page:The Painted Veil - Maugham - 1925.djvu/286

 They were talking more distantly than if they were strangers who had just met, for if they had been he would have been interested in her just because of that, and curious, but their common past was a wall of indifference between them. Kitty knew too well that she had done nothing to beget her father’s affection, he had never counted in the house and had been taken for granted, the bread-winner who was a little despised because he could provide no more luxuriously for his family; but she had taken for granted that he loved her just because he was her father, and it was a shock to discover that his heart was empty of feeling for her. She had known that they were all bored by him, but it had never occurred to her that he was equally bored by them. He was as ever kind and subdued, but the sad perspicacity which she had learnt in suffering suggested to her that, though he had probably never acknowledged it to himself and never would, in his heart he disliked her.

His pipe was not drawing and he rose to find something to poke it with. Perhaps it was an excuse to hide his nervousness.

“Your mother wished you to stay here till your baby was born and she was going to have your old room got ready for you.”

“I know. I promise you I won’t be a bother.”

“Oh, it’s not that. Under the circumstances it was evident that the only place for you to come to was your father’s house. But the fact is that I’ve just been offered the post of Chief Justice of the Bahamas and I have accepted it.”


text:
Page:Plays by Jacinto Benavente - Third series (IA playstranslatedf03benauoft).pdf/149

Garden of  villa.

. That will do for to-day, Donina.

. I am not tired. You mustn't stop on my account.

. I know that you are strong now. We need not be careful of your health any more. It isn't the model this time who is tired, it's the artist. Who could work today What an afternoon! We pray for days like this for our little holidays, but to-day all nature is on holiday. How much better right has she to ask us not to intrude our petty affairs upon her divine calm! Work to-day? Not even in thought! It is enough to be alive, to have eyes to see, to drink in the air and sunlight, to breathe the perfumes of the sea and the flowers. You seem sad, Donina. Why are you always sad?

. She's afraid she's going to die.

. The doctors say that you are well now. As soon as you are happy, you begin to think of dying. You are happy, Donina?

. Very happy. That is the reason I am afraid.

. Can you see Prince Michael's yacht from there?

. Yes, I think so. There it is. It came in this morning.

. Why does Prince Michael come back? I thought he went away to be Emperor. 115


text:
Page:The Painted Veil - Maugham - 1925.djvu/285

 and he sighed when he considered the burden of answering them) and the arrangements he had made for the funeral. Then they went back into his study. This was the only room in the house which had a fire. He mechanically took from the chimney-piece his pipe and began to fill it, but he gave his daughter a doubtful look and put it down.

“Aren’t you going to smoke?” she asked.

“Your mother didn’t very much like the smell of a pipe after dinner and since the war I’ve given up cigars.”

His answer gave Kitty a little pang. It seemed dreadful that a man of sixty should hesitate to smoke what he wanted in his own study.

“I like the smell of a pipe,” she smiled.

A faint look of relief crossed his face and taking his pipe once more he lit it. They sat opposite one another on each side of the fire. He felt that he must talk to Kitty of her own troubles.

“You received the letter your mother wrote to you to Port Saïd, I suppose. The news of poor Walter’s death was a great shock to both of us. I thought him a very nice fellow.”

Kitty did not know what to say.

“Your mother told me that you were going to have a baby.”

“When do you expect it?”

“In about four months.”

“It will be a great consolation to you. You must go and see Doris’s boy. He’s a fine little fellow.”


text:
Page:Batman upon Bartolome.djvu/74

 And thereto agreeth Auſten ''ſuper Geneſis, lib. pri. & VI. muſice,'' wher he ſaith, that nought commeth from the thing that is ſeene, but the likeneſſe thereof, nor from the ſight to the thing that is ſeene, but the lykeneſſe of the ſight. For nothing of the ſubſtance of the eye commeth out, but out of the eye commeth a ſmall appearaunce, that is ſhapen as a ſtéeple or a top, and the broad end thereof is ſpread vpon all the vtter parte of the thing ſéene. Alſo the Author of ''Perſpectiue, li. i.''proueth, That nothing is ſéene, but by ſight that ariſeth vpon the thing that is ſéene, & is multiplyed ſpéedelye from the wide thing to the eye. Therefore néedes is required the thirde ſtéeple of the ſame light. And of all theſe thrée ſtéeples, the poynts are in the eyen, and the broad endes in the things that be ſéene. Therefore when the lykeneſſe of the thing commeth to the ſight vpon theſe thrée ſtéeples, then the likeneſſe of lyght and colour, paſſe by the ſmall tortells and humors of the eye, euen to the humor that is called Chriſtallinus, like Chriſtall, and there the ſoule beginneth to giue iudgement of the thing that is ſéene by that lykenes, but there it is not fulfilled and complete, but the lykeneſſe is multiplied forth, euen to an hollow ſinew, that is hid in the vtter part of  braine: and ther is the vertue of ſight in maure and roote in the firſt and principalll ſubiects, and is one: for els euery thing that is ſeene ſhould ſéeme two things, becauſe of the two eyen, if they continued not to one lymme, in the which is the onely well of the vertue of ſight, and ſpringeth to the blackneſſe of the eye. The Author of Perſpectiue ſheweth all this. Hée ſheweth & expreſſeth another reſon of the ſight. li. 3. ca. 11. He ſaith, that ſpirit viſible,  eye & the aire, be cléere bodies, the whith lyghten euery other, & make euery like to other. For the aire, that is next the thing that ſhall be ſéene, taketh a likeneſſe of the propertie of that thing: and in that lykeneſſe the aire proſereth it ſelfe to the eye, whereof the ſpirit viſible taketh a lykeneſſe. For this vertue of ſight, ſhewing it ſelfe to the vttermoſt part of the black of the eye, is ioyned to the aire, and is likened and made as it were one therewith: & by meane of the aire, the color is brought and preſented to the iudgement of the ſoule. For the aire is lightly chaunged and likened by diuerſitie of ſhapes, that are therein. As we ſée, that the aire that is nigh the Sunne beame, is coloured and dyed, by red cloath ſet betwéene. And therefore it is no wonder, though eye take likeneſſe and ſhape of a cléere thing that is next thereto. Then touching this worke it is now to gather ſhortly, that the ſight or vertue viſible is more ſubtill and more liuely than the other wits, and Viſus, the ſight, hath the name of Viuacitas, that is, liuelineſſe, as ſaith Iſidore. Alſo it is more worthie than the other wits, and therefore it is ſet aboue the other. Alſo in effect, as it were a vertue of fire, it is more mightie than the other wits: For the other wits knowe things that be néerer, but this wit by his vertue comprehendeth things fartheſt of, vnder a right corner and ſtéeple ſight, iudgeth and diſcerneth after the nobler kinde and diſpoſition of the organe, and diſcerneth in an eaſie manner betwéene things to be ſéene. Wherefore Ariſtotle lib. 12, ſaith, that good ſight and ſharp, is of temperate humour. And therefore Fowles (as the Eagles) with crooked clawes, be ſharpe of ſight. And that is through the pure and ſubtill humour, and temperate being, and purifieth that that is in the organe of the ſight. And ſuch Fowles ſée their pray out of farre and more high places. And ſuch Fowles flye higher in aire than other fowles. But Fowles that remaine on ground, be not ſharpe of ſight: therefore they ſée their meate nigh and not farre. Alſo, Lib. 19. he ſaith, that yeolow eyen be not ſharpe of ſight by daye, nor blacke by night, for ſcarſitie of humors. The yeolow eye moueth greatlye, and therefore the vertue of ſight is féebled. Blacke eyen moue leſſe, for multitude and plentie of humors, and the ſight of the night is feeble, and the humour by night moueth heauely. Therefore the ſpirite viſible is cloſed in, and by humor letted. Alſo the

title: Page:Batman upon Bartolome.djvu/74


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 arms. Kitty kissed her. She knew how her mother had neglected Doris in favour of her and how harsh she had been with her because she was plain and dull. She wondered whether Doris really felt the extravagant grief she showed. But Doris had always been emotional. She wished she could cry: Doris would think her dreadfully hard. Kitty felt that she had been through too much to feign a distress she did not feel.

“Would you like to come and see father?” she asked her when the strength of the outburst had somewhat subsided.

Doris wiped her eyes. Kitty noticed that her sister’s pregnancy had blunted her features and in her black dress she looked gross and blousy.

“No, I don’t think I will. I shall only cry again. Poor old thing, he’s bearing it wonderfully.”

Kitty showed her sister out of the house and then went back to her father. He was standing in front of the fire and the newspaper was neatly folded. He wanted her to see that he had not been reading it again.

“I haven’t dressed for dinner,” he said. “I didn’t think it was necessary.”

HEY dined. Mr. Garstin gave Kitty the details of his wife’s illness and death, and he told her the kindness of the friends who had written (there were piles of sympathetic letters on his table


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 freshly washed linen, which Kitty remembered as characteristic of her mother’s room.

Mrs. Garstin lay on the bed, her hands folded across her breast with a meekness which in life she would have had no patience with. With her strong sharp features, the cheeks hollow with suffering and the temples sunken, she looked handsome and even imposing. Death had robbed her face of its meanness and left only an impression of character. She might have been a Roman empress. It was strange to Kitty that of the dead persons she had seen this was the only one who in death seemed to preserve a look as though that clay had been once a habitation of the spirit. Grief she could not feel, for there had been too much bitterness between her mother and herself to leave in her heart any deep feeling of affection; and looking back on the girl she had been she knew that it was her mother who had made her what she was. But when she looked at that hard, domineering and ambitious woman who lay there so still and silent with all her petty aims frustrated by death, she was aware of a vague pathos. She had schemed and intrigued all her life and never had she desired anything but what was base and unworthy. Kitty wondered whether perhaps in some other sphere she looked upon her earthly course with consternation.

Doris came in.

“I thought you’d come by this train. I felt I must look in for a moment. Isn’t it dreadful? Poor darling mother.”

Bursting into tears, she flung herself into Kitty’s


text: Völsunga Saga/Index

title: Völsunga Saga/Index


text: Völsunga Saga/Book-list

title: Völsunga Saga/Book-list


text:
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. Don't ask me, Donina. It is nothing to us. The Empire of Suavia is very far away.

. It is a great deal too near.

. Can't we go out in the boat as we did yesterday? Why do we have to stay here all afternoon?

. Are you tired, Nunu?

. No, but the sea air would be better for you. We never leave this place.

. It is so beautiful!

. Yes, but it's a bore. It's like a prison.

. Like a prison?

. [Aside to ] You're a bad actor, Nunu.

. I can't stand this forever.

. You have stopped early to-day. Doesn't Donina feel well?

. No, it was Leonardo.

. Yes, it was I—the idler always! We are almost done.

. It looks just like me.

. No, I don't want to see it until it is finished. Does she look as I did when you first knew me, when I was your model?

. No, Imperia. There may be something in the features, but the expression is not the same. You had more life, more will. Donina could never have climbed up over the rocks until she had reached the steps of a throne.

. Why not? You say that because you are merely copying the sadness of her face, you are making a portrait, not expressing an idea in your work. My statue was designed to challenge attention, to triumph eternally, while hers is only for me. You are snatching from death by your art all that we are permitted to save.


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 “Would you like me to come with you?”

There was something in her father’s tone that made her look at him quickly. His face was slightly turned from her; he did not want her to catch his eye. Kitty had acquired of late a singular proficiency at reading the thoughts of others. After all, day after day she had applied all her sensibilities to divine from a casual word or an unguarded gesture the hidden thoughts of her husband. She guessed at once what her father was trying to hide from her. It was relief he felt, an infinite relief, and he was frightened of himself. For hard on thirty years he had been a good and faithful husband, he had never uttered a single word in dispraise of his wife, and now he should grieve for her. He had always done the things that were expected of him. It would have been shocking to him by the flicker of an eyelid or by the smallest hint to betray that he did not feel what under the circumstances a bereaved husband should feel.

“No, I would rather go by myself,” said Kitty.

She went upstairs and into the large, cold and pretentious bedroom in which her mother for so many years had slept. She remembered so well those massive pieces of mahogany and the engravings after Marcus Stone which adorned the walls. The things on the dressing-table were arranged with the stiff precision which Mrs. Garstin had all her life insisted upon. The flowers looked out of place; Mrs. Garstin would have thought it silly, affected and unhealthy to have flowers in her bedroom. Their perfume did not cover that acrid, musty smell, as of


text:
Page:Florida Senate Bill 254.pdf/6

{|cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style="font-weight:bold; width:100%" 2023254er  function without the prescription or procedure.
 * style="width:50%"|ENROLLED 2023 Legislature
 * style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:50%"|CS for SB 254, 2nd Engrossed
 * }
 * }

Section 5. Section 456.52, Florida Statutes, is created to read:

456.52 Sex-reassignment prescriptions and procedures; prohibitions; informed consent.—

(1) Sex-reassignment prescriptions and procedures are prohibited for patients younger than 18 years of age, except that:

(a) The Board of Medicine and the Board of Osteopathic Medicine shall, within 60 days after the effective date of this act, adopt emergency rules pertaining to standards of practice under which a patient younger than 18 years of age may continue to be treated with a prescription consistent with those referenced under s. 456.001(9)(a)1. or 2. if such treatment for sex reassignment was commenced before, and is still active on, the effective date of this act. In developing rules under this paragraph, the boards shall consider requirements for physicians to obtain informed consent from such patient′s parent or legal guardian, consistent with the parameters of informed consent under subsections (2) and (4), for such prescription treatment, and shall consider the provision of professional counseling services for such patient by a board-certified psychiatrist licensed under chapter 458 or chapter 459 or a psychologist licensed under chapter 490 in conjunction with such prescription treatment.

(b) A patient meeting the criteria of paragraph (a) may continue to be treated by a physician with such prescriptions according to rules adopted under paragraph (a) or nonemergency rules adopted under paragraph (6)(b).

title: Page:Florida Senate Bill 254.pdf/6


text:
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 “Oh, Kitty, I didn’t expect you till the later train.”

“I though you wouldn’t want the bother of coming to meet me so I didn’t wire the time I expected to arrive.”

He gave her his cheek to kiss in the manner she so well remembered.

“I was just having a look at the paper,” he said. “I haven’t read the paper for the last two days.”

She saw that he thought it needed some explanation if he occupied himself with the ordinary affairs of life.

“Of course,” she said. “You must be tired out. I’m afraid mother’s death has been a great shock to you.”

He was older and thinner than when she had last seen him. A little, lined, dried-up man, with a precise manner.

“The surgeon said there had never been any hope. She hadn’t been herself for more than a year, but she refused to see a doctor. The surgeon told me that she must have been in constant pain, he said it was a miracle that she had been able to endure it.”

“Did she never complain?”

“She said she wasn’t very well. But she never complained of pain.” He paused and looked at Kitty. “Are you very tired after your journey?”

“Not very.”

“Would you like to go up and see her?”

“Is she here?”

“Yes, she was brought here from the nursing home.”

“Yes, I’ll go now.”


text:
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. I told her I was tired, but her color frightened me—her labored breath. There is no hope.

. They say that those who die of this disease are never conscious of the approach of death. But Donina thinks of nothing else. She looks forward to it, she expects it.

. It is the cunning of despair, the fearsome dread of death. She knows that it is a bad sign to be cheerful, so she pretends to be afraid. But she does not deceive herself.

. She is laughing! She is happy! Oh, so happy! What are you doing, Donina?

. Picking flowers for you—roses. Aren't roses your favorite flowers? I was laughing because Nunu was telling me a story about them. It wasn't very nice, but it was funny; all his stories are. It was about a nunnery with a garden that had roses in it, and the devil came and hung a little imp on every bush, just the same in color as the roses, so that they looked like little babies. And when the nuns saw them, they thought they were in mortal sin, and so as not to make a scandal they ran and hid them in their cells. But the little devils jumped out and began to run and skip and cut up all sorts of capers—they sang in the choir, and danced while the organ played, and rang the bells in the belfry and then finally—no, I don't think I'll tell you what they did finally—it might not seem nice; but it was funny. You tell them, Nunu; they'll laugh as much as I did.

. Don't be silly. Come on and pick some more flowers.

. Yes, laugh, Donina, laugh! Ah, Leonardo, why do we waste our lives in dreams and ambition? Our true life is the love which springs in our hearts. The happiness of a child is the only lasting joy, the one hint which life gives us of the value and meaning of life.


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{|cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style="font-weight:bold; width:100%" 2023254er (2) If sex-reassignment prescriptions or procedures are prescribed for or administered or performed on patients 18 years of age or older, consent must be voluntary, informed, and in writing on forms adopted in rule by the Board of Medicine and the Board of Osteopathic Medicine. Consent to sex-reassignment prescriptions or procedures is voluntary and informed only if the physician who is to prescribe or administer the pharmaceutical product or perform the procedure has, at a minimum, while physically present in the same room:
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(a) Informed the patient of the nature and risks of the prescription or procedure in order for the patient to make a prudent decision;

(b) Provided the informed consent form, as adopted in rule by the Board of Medicine and the Board of Osteopathic Medicine, to the patient; and

(c) Received the patient’s written acknowledgment, before the prescription or procedure is prescribed, administered, or performed, that the information required to be provided under this subsection has been provided.

(3) Sex-reassignment prescriptions or procedures may not be prescribed, administered, or performed except by a physician. For the purposes of this section, the term “physician” is defined as a physician licensed under chapter 458 or chapter 459 or a physician practicing medicine or osteopathic medicine in the employment of the Federal Government.

(4) Consent required under subsection (2) does not apply to renewals of prescriptions consistent with those referenced under s. 456.001(9)(a)1. and 2. if a physician and his or her patient have met the requirements for consent for the initial

title: Page:Florida Senate Bill 254.pdf/7


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Page:The Painted Veil - Maugham - 1925.djvu/280

 much the matter with her and she doesn’t want you to get here till she’s back at home. She’s made the doctors promise that she shall be moved in a week. Best love.

Doris.

I’m awfully sorry about Walter. You must have had a hell of a time, poor darling. I’m simply dying to see you. It’s rather funny our both having babies together. We shall be able to hold one another’s hands.

Kitty, lost in reflection, stood for a little while on the deck. She could not imagine her mother ill. She never remembered to have seen her other than active and resolute; she had always been impatient of other people’s ailments. Then a steward came up to her with a telegram.

ITTY rang the bell at the house in Harrington Gardens. She was told that her father was in his study and going to the door she opened it softly: he was sitting by the fire reading the last edition of the evening paper. He looked up as she entered, put down the paper, and sprang nervously to his feet.


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 could not form any picture of the future: perhaps she would die at childbirth; that would be a solution of many difficulties.

But when they docked two letters were handed to her. She was surprised to recognise her father’s writing: she did not remember that he had ever written to her. He was not effusive, and began: dear Kitty. He told her that he was writing instead of her mother who had not been well and was obliged to go into a nursing home to have an operation. Kitty was not to be frightened and was to keep to her intention of going round by sea; it was much more expensive to come across by land and with her mother away it would be inconvenient for Kitty to stay at the house in Harrington Gardens. The other was from Doris and it started: Kitty darling, not because Doris had any particular affection for her, but because it was her way thus to address every one she knew.

Kitty darling

I expect Father has written to you. Mother has got to have an operation. It appears that she has been rotten for the last year, but you know she hates doctors and she’s been taking all sorts of patent medicines. I don’t quite know what’s the matter with her as she insists on making a secret of the whole thing and flies into a passion if you ask her questions. She has been looking simply awful and if I were you I think I’d get off at Marseilles and come back as quick as you can. But don’t let on that I told you to come as she pretends there’s nothing


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Page:Florida Senate Bill 254.pdf/8

{|cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style="font-weight:bold; width:100%" 2023254er  prescription or renewal. However, separate consent is required for any new prescription for a pharmaceutical product not previously prescribed to the patient.
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(5)(a) Violation of this section constitutes grounds for disciplinary action under this chapter and chapter 458 or chapter 459, as applicable.

(b) Any health care practitioner who willfully or actively participates in a violation of subsection (1) commits a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084.

(c) Any health care practitioner who violates subsection (2), subsection (3), or subsection (4) commits a misdemeanor of the first degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082 or s. 775.083.

(6)(a) The Board of Medicine and the Board of Osteopathic Medicine shall adopt emergency rules to implement this section.

(b) Any emergency rules adopted under this section are exempt from s. 120.54(4)(c) and shall remain in effect until replaced by rules adopted under the nonemergency rulemaking procedures of the Administrative Procedure Act.

Section 6. Present paragraphs (c) through (gg) of subsection (5) of section 456.074, Florida Statutes, are redesignated as paragraphs (d) through (hh), respectively, and a new paragraph (c) is added to that subsection, to read:

456.074 Certain health care practitioners; immediate suspension of license.—

(5) The department shall issue an emergency order suspending the license of any health care practitioner who is arrested for committing or attempting, soliciting, or conspiring

title: Page:Florida Senate Bill 254.pdf/8


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Page:Florida Senate Bill 254.pdf/9

{|cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style="font-weight:bold; width:100%" 2023254er to commit any act that would constitute a violation of any of the following criminal offenses in this state or similar offenses in another jurisdiction:
 * style="width:50%"|ENROLLED 2023 Legislature
 * style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:50%"|CS for SB 254, 2nd Engrossed
 * }
 * }

(c) Section 456.52(5)(b), relating to prescribing, administering, or performing sex-reassignment prescriptions or procedures for a patient younger than 18 years of age.

Section 7. Section 766.318, Florida Statutes, is created to read:

766.318 Civil liability for provision of sex-reassignment prescriptions or procedures to minors.—

(1) A cause of action exists to recover damages for personal injury or death resulting from the provision of sex-reassignment prescriptions or procedures, as defined in s. 456.001, to a person younger than 18 years of age which are prohibited by s. 456.52(1).

(2) The limitations on punitive damages in s. 768.73(1) do not apply to actions brought under this section.

(3) An action brought under this section:

(a) May be commenced within 20 years after the cessation or completion of the sex-reassignment prescription or procedure.

(b) Is in addition to any other remedy authorized by law.

(4) The cause of action created by this section does not apply to:

(a) Treatment with sex-reassignment prescriptions if such treatment is consistent with s. 456.001(9)(a)1. or 2. and was commenced on or before, and is still active on, the effective date of this act.

(b) Sex-reassignment prescriptions or procedures that were ceased or completed on or before the effective date of this act.

title: Page:Florida Senate Bill 254.pdf/9


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Page:Florida Senate Bill 254.pdf/10

{|cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 style="font-weight:bold; width:100%" 2023254er Section 8. If any provision of this act or its application to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the invalidity does not affect other provisions or applications of this act which can be given effect without the invalid provision or application, and to this end the provisions of this act are severable.
 * style="width:50%"|ENROLLED 2023 Legislature
 * style="text-align:right; vertical-align:bottom; width:50%"|CS for SB 254, 2nd Engrossed
 * }
 * }

Section 9. The Division of Law Revision is directed to replace the phrase “the effective date of this act” wherever it occurs in this act with the date this act becomes a law.

Section 10. This act shall take effect upon becoming a law.

title: Page:Florida Senate Bill 254.pdf/10


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text: Völsunga Saga/The Story of the Volsungs and Niblungs


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A TRAVELER FROM ALTRURIA. $1.50.

THE COAST OF BOHEMIA. Illustrated. $1.50.

THE WORLD OF CHANCE. $1.50.

THE QUALITY OF MERCY. $1.50.

AN IMPERATIVE DUTY. $1.00.

THE SHADOW OF A DREAM. $1.00.

A HAZARD OF NEW FORTUNES. 2 Vols., $2.00.

ANNIE KILBURN. $1.50.

APRIL HOPES. $1.50.

CRITICISM AND FICTION. With Portrait. $1.00.

A BOY'S TOWN. Illustrated. $1.25.

MODERN ITALIAN POETS. With Portraits. $2.00.

CHRISTMAS EVERY DAY, and Other Stories. Illustrated. $1.25.

THE MOUSE-TRAP, and Other Farces. Illustrated. $1.00.

MY YEAR IN A LOG CABIN. Illustrated. 50 cents.

A LITTLE SWISS SOJOURN. Illustrated. 50 cents.

FARCES: Five O'Clock Tea. The Mouse-Trap.—A Likely Story.—The Unexpected Guests.—Evening Dress.—A Letter of Introduction.—The Albany Depot.—The Garroters. Illustrated. 50 cents each.


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 friendly with all, took care to commit herself with none. The drawing-room in South Kensington was filled on Sunday afternoons with amorous youth, but Mrs. Garstin observed, with a grim smile of approval, that it needed no effort on her part to keep them at a distance from Kitty. Kitty was prepared to flirt with them, and it diverted her to play one off against the other, but when they proposed to her, as none failed to do, she refused them with tact but decision.

Her first season passed without the perfect suitor presenting himself, and the second also; but she was young and could afford to wait. Mrs. Garstin told her friends that she thought it a pity for a girl to marry till she was twenty-one. But a third year passed and then a fourth. Two or three of her old admirers proposed again, but they were still penniless, one or two boys younger than herself proposed; a retired Indian Civilian, a K.C.I.E., did the same: he was fifty-three. Kitty still danced a great deal, she went to Wimbledon and Lord’s, to Ascot and Henley; she was thoroughly enjoying herself; but still no one whose position and income were satisfactory asked her to marry him. Mrs. Garstin began to grow uneasy. She noticed that Kitty was beginning to attract men of forty and over. She reminded her that she would not be any longer so pretty in a year or two and that young girls were coming out all the time. Mrs. Garstin did not mince her words in the domestic circle and she warned her daughter tartly that she would miss her market.


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Page:My literary passions (IA myliterarypassio00howerich).pdf/271

 BY

GEORGE

PIT

MAURIER

A Novel, Illustrated by the Author. TRILBY. Post 8vo, Cloth, Ornamental, $1 75 Threequarter Calf, $3 50 Three-quarter Crushed Le;

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if

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One must

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text: Florida Senate Bill 254

title: Florida Senate Bill 254


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Page:My literary passions (IA myliterarypassio00howerich).pdf/276

 HARPER'S AMERICAN ESSAYISTS Each volume contains a Portrait of the Author.

A LITTLE ENGLISH GALLERY. By

LOUISE IMO-

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AMERICANISMS AND BRITICISMS,

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WE

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Page:The Painted Veil - Maugham - 1925.djvu/32

 Kitty shrugged her shoulders She thought herself as pretty as ever, prettier perhaps, for she had learnt how to dress in the last four years, and she had plenty of time. If she wanted to marry just to be married there were a dozen boys who would jump at the chance. Surely the right man would come along sooner or later. But Mrs. Garstin judged the situation more shrewdly: with anger in her heart for the beautiful daughter who had missed her chances she set her standard a little lower. She turned back to the professional class at which she had sneered in her pride and looked about for a young lawyer or a business man whose future inspired her with confidence.

Kitty reached the age of twenty-five and was still unmarried. Mrs. Garstin was exasperated and she did not hesitate often to give Kitty a piece of her very unpleasant mind. She asked her how much longer she expected her father to support her. He had spent sums he could ill afford in order to give her a chance and she had not taken it. It never struck Mrs. Garstin that perhaps her own hard affability had frightened the men, sons of wealthy fathers or heirs to a title, whose visits she had too cordially encouraged. She put down Kitty’s failure to stupidity. Then Doris came out. She had a long nose still, and a poor figure, and she danced badly. In her first season she became engaged to Geoffrey Dennison. He was the only son of a prosperous surgeon who had been given a baronetcy during the war. Geoffrey would inherit a title—it is not very grand to be a medical baronet, but a title, thank


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 God, is still a title—and a very comfortable fortune.

Kitty in a panic married Walter Fane.

HE had known him but a little while and had never taken much notice of him. She had no idea when or where they had first met till after their engagement he told her that it was at a dance to which some friends had brought him. She certainly paid no attention to him then and if she danced with him it was because she was good-natured and was glad to dance with any one who asked her. She didn’t know him from Adam when a day or two later at another dance he came up and spoke to her. Then she remarked that he was at every dance she went to.

“You know, I’ve danced with you at least a dozen times now and you must tell me your name,” she said to him at last in her laughing way.

He was obviously taken aback.

“Do you mean to say you don’t know it? I was introduced to you.”

“Oh, but people always mumble. I shouldn’t be at all surprised if you hadn’t the ghost of an idea what mine was.”

He smiled at her. His face was grave and a trifle stern, but his smile was very sweet.

“Of course I know it.” He was silent for a moment or two. “Have you no curiosity?” he asked then.


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Page:The Painted Veil - Maugham - 1925.djvu/34

 “As much as most women.”

“It didn’t occur to you to ask somebody or other what my name was?”

She was faintly amused; she wondered why he thought it could in the least interest her; but she liked to please, so she looked at him with that dazzling smile of hers and her beautiful eyes, dewy ponds under forest trees, held an enchanting kindness.

“Well, what is it?”

“Walter Fane.”

She did not know why he came to dances, he did not dance very well, and he seemed to know few people. She had a passing thought that he was in love with her; but she dismissed it with a shrug of the shoulders: she had known girls who thought every man they met was in love with them and had always found them absurd. But she gave Walter Fane just a little more of her attention. He certainly did not behave like any of the other youths who had been in love with her. Most of them told her so frankly and wanted to kiss her: a good many did. But Walter Fane never talked of her and very little of himself. He was rather silent; she did not mind that because she had plenty to say and it pleased her to see him laugh when she made a facetious remark; but when he talked it was not stupidly. He was evidently shy. It appeared that he lived in the East and was home on leave.

One Sunday afternoon he appeared at their house in South Kensington. There were a dozen people there, and he sat for some time, somewhat ill at


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Rh Of the purely devotional literature of Judaism, it is impossible to speak here. One other ethical book must be here noticed, for it has attained wide and deserved popularity. This is the “Path of the Upright” (Messilath Yesharim) by Moses Chayim Luzzatto, of whom more will be said in a later chapter. But a little more space must be here devoted to a species of ethical tract which was peculiar to Jewish moralists. These tracts were what are known as Ethical Wills.

These Ethical Wills (Zevaoth) contained the express directions of fathers to their children or of aged teachers to their disciples. They were for the most part written calmly in old age, but not immediately before the writers’ death. Some of them were very carefully composed, and amount to formal ethical treatises. But in the main they are charmingly natural and unaffected. They were intended for the absolutely private use of children and rela-


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Rh tion of duty. “Judge every man charitably, and use your best efforts to find a kindly explanation of conduct, however suspicious Give in charity an exact tithe of your property. Never turn a poor man away empty-handed. Talk no more than is necessary, and thus avoid slander. Be not as dumb cattle that utter no word of gratitude, but thank God for his bounties at the time at which they occur, and in your prayers let the memory of these personal favors warm your hearts, and prompt you to special fervor during the utterance of the communal thanks for communal well-being. When words of thanks occur in the liturgy, pause and silently reflect on the goodness of God to you that day.”

In striking contrast to the simplicity of the foregoing is the elaborate “Letter of Advice” by Solomon Alami (beginning of the fifteenth century). It is composed in beautiful rhymed prose, and is an import-


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 case, and then went away. Her mother asked her later who he was.

“I haven’t a notion. Did you ask him to come here?”

“Yes, I met him at the Baddeleys. He said he’d seen you at various dances. I said I was always at home on Sundays.”

“His name is Fane and he’s got some sort of job in the East.”

“Yes, he’s a doctor. Is he in love with you?”

“Upon my word, I don’t know.”

“I should have thought you knew by now when a young man was in love with you.”

“I wouldn’t marry him if he were,” said Kitty lightly.

Mrs. Garstin did not answer. Her silence was heavy with displeasure. Kitty flushed: she knew that her mother did not care now whom she married so long as somehow she got her off her hands.

URING the next week she met him at three dances and now, his shyness perhaps wearing off a little, he was somewhat more communicative. He was a doctor, certainly, but he did not practise; he was a bacteriologist (Kitty had only a very vague idea what that meant) and he had a job at Hong-Kong. He was going back in the autumn. He talked a good deal about China. She made it a practice to appear interested in whatever people


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 talked to her of, but indeed the life in Hong-Kong sounded quite jolly; there were clubs and tennis and racing and polo and golf.

“Do people dance much there?”

“Oh, yes, I think so.”

She wondered whether he told her these things with a motive. He seemed to like her society, but never by a pressure of the hand, by a glance or by a word, did he give the smallest indication that he looked upon her as anything but a girl whom you met and danced with. On the following Sunday he came again to their house. Her father happened to come in, it was raining and he had not been able to play golf, and he and Walter Fane had a long chat. She asked her father afterwards what they had talked of.

“It appears he’s stationed in Hong-Kong. The Chief Justice is an old friend of mine at the Bar. He seems an unusually intelligent young man.”

She knew that her father was as a rule bored to death by the young people whom for her sake and now her sister’s he had been forced for years to entertain.

“It’s not often you like any of my young men, father,” she said.

His kind, tired eyes rested upon her.

“Are you going to marry him by any chance?”

“Certainly not.”

“Is he in love with you?”

“He shows no sign of it.”

“Do you like him?”


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Rh It is doubtful whether he was a bona fide traveller. At all events, his book includes much that became the legendary property of all peoples in the Middle Ages, such as the fable of the mighty Christian Emperor of India, Prester John.

Some further account of this semi-mythical monarch is contained in the first real Jewish traveller’s book, the “Itinerary” of Benjamin of Tudela. This Benjamin was a merchant, who, in the year 1160, started on a long journey, which was prompted partly by commercial, partly by scientific motives. He visited a large part of Europe and Asia, went to Jerusalem and Bagdad, and gives in his “Itinerary” some remarkable geographical facts and some equally remarkable fables. He tells, for instance, the story of the pretended Messiah, David Alroy, whom Disraeli made the hero of one of his romances. Benjamin of Tudela’s “Itinerary” was a real contribution to geography.


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238 of Minhagim, or Customs, known as the Maharil, which belongs to the same period. On the other hand, David Abi Zimra, Rabbi of Cairo in the sixteenth century, was as independent as he was learned. It was he, for instance, who abolished the old custom of dating Hebrew documents from the Seleucid era (311 B. C. E.). And, to pass beyond the time of Karo, the writers of “Responses” include the gifted Jair Chayim Bacharach (seventeenth century), a critic as well as a legalist: Chacham Zevi and Jacob Emden in Amsterdam, and Ezekiel Landau in Prague, the former two of whom opposed the Messianic claims of Sabbatai Zevi, and the last of whom was an antagonist to the Germanizing tendency of Moses Mendelssohn.

Joseph Karo himself was a man of many parts. He was born in Spain in 1488, and died in Safed, the nest of mysticism, in 1575. Master of the Talmudic writings of his predecessors from his youth, Karo devoted


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196 from love. Sleep not over-much, but rise with the birds. Be not over-hasty to reply to offensive remarks; raise not thy hand against another, even if he curse thy father or mother in thy presence.”

Some of these wills, like that of the son of the last mentioned, are written in rhymed prose; some are controversial. Joseph Ibn Caspi writes in 1322: “How can I know God, and that he is one, unless I know what knowing means, and what constitutes unity? Why should these things be left to non-Jewish philosophers? Why should Aristotle retain sole possession of the treasures that he stole from Solomon?” The belief that Aristotle had visited Jerusalem with Alexander the Great, and there obtained possession of Solomon’s wisdom, was one of the most curious myths of the Middle Ages. The will of Eleazar the Levite of Mainz (1357) is a simple document, without literary merit, but containing a clear exposi-


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 “I don’t think I do very much. He irritates me a little.”

He was not her type at all. He was short, but not thick-set, slight rather and thin; dark and clean-shaven, with very regular, clear-cut features. His eyes were almost black, but not large, they were not very mobile and they rested on objects with a singular persistence; they were curious, but not very pleasant eyes. With his straight, delicate nose, his fine brow and well-shaped mouth he ought to have been good-looking. But surprisingly enough he was not. When Kitty began to think of him at all she was surprised that he should have such good features when you took them one by one and yet be so far from handsome. His face was cold. His expression was slightly sarcastic and now that Kitty knew him better she realised that she was not quite at ease with him. He had no gaiety.

By the time the season drew to its end they had seen a good deal of one another, but he had remained as aloof and impenetrable as ever. He was not exactly shy with her, but embarrassed; his conversation remained strangely impersonal. Kitty came to the conclusion that he was not in the least in love with her. He liked her and found her easy to talk to, but when he returned to Hong-Kong in November he would not think of her again. She thought it not impossible that he was engaged all the time to some nurse in a hospital at Hong-Kong, the daughter of a clergyman, dull, plain, flat-footed and strenuous; that was the wife that would exactly suit him.


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 child from the present status of the parent. But this measured comment of the statistician has not filtered into our literature, nor our moving pictures, nor in any way served to minimise the vividness of the improvement in the children’s condition as compared with the condition of their parents. Especially in cities, there is no such obvious demonstration of the fact that improvement is the rule for the children of a given class or district, and not merely a case of John Riley’s making twenty dollars a week as a crossing man while Mary, his daughter, who has gone to business school, makes twenty-five dollars a week, working shorter hours. The lure of correspondence school advertising, the efflorescence of a doctrine of short-cuts to fame, all contrive to make an American boy or girl's choice of a job different from that of English children, born into a society where stratification is so old, so institutionalised, that the dullest cannot doubt it. So economic conditions force them to go to work and everything combines to make that choice a difficult one, whether in terms of abandoning a care-free existence for a confining, uncongenial one, or in terms of bitter rebellion against the choice which they must make in contrast to the opportunities which they are told are open to all Americans.

And taking a job introduces other factors of difficulty into the adolescent girl’s home situation. Her dependence has always been demonstrated in terms of limits and curbs set upon her spontaneous activity in every


text:
Author:Agnieszka Pasieka

Works

 * Theft of Gramsci? On the radical right, radical left, and common sense (2023)

title: Author:Agnieszka Pasieka


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 692–705] Though Al-Ḥajjāj escaped these recent dangers, his viceroyalty was during the next two or three years seriously disturbed by Khawārij of various shades. Some were dissatisfied with a government that seemed to trample on the sanctions of Islām, and preferred return to the days of ʿOmar, under a Caliph to be chosen (some still holding to Ḳoreish, and others not) by the voice of the people at large. The Theocrats, on the other hand, would none of any Caliph—their cry, as of old, was No Rule but the Lord's alone. But all were nerved to action by the tyranny of Al-Ḥajjāj, and by the countenance accorded him by the Caliph. The most dangerous was the latter class. These had no worldly views. As a matter of conscience, they fought with equal bravery whatever the chances of success, goaded by a wild fanaticism. They belonged for the most part to one tribe, the proud Beni Sheibān of Bekr, who had migrated from their settlements on the right bank of the Euphrates to new pasture grounds in northern Mesopotamia. Their leader Shebīb ibn Yezīd, with his few hundreds, put to flight the thousands of Al-Ḥajjāj. By rapid counter-marches, he outmanœuvred his enemy, and with desperate bravery over and again discomfited the columns which, for two years, were continually sent against him. He repeatedly stormed the walls of Al-Kūfa, and on one occasion effecting an entrance, made havoc in the city, and slew many of the worshippers assembled in the Mosque. Abusing the Kūfans in his despatches to the Caliph, for their cowardice, Al-Ḥajjāj was reinforced by a contingent of Syrian troops. With their aid he succeeded at last in dispersing the followers of Shebīb, who was drowned, at the end of the year 77 (Spring, 697 ), by his horse stumbling on a bridge of boats over the river at Al-Ahwāz.

Under Al-Ḥajjāj the revenues from the kharāj or land-tax began to fall off owing to the peasantry flocking into the towns; and he adopted the drastic remedy of forbidding them to migrate and of compelling those who had done so


text:
Author:Luke Munn

Works

 * Red Pilled - The Allure of Digital Hate (2023)

title: Author:Luke Munn


text:
Author:Gustavo Adolfo Luiz Dodt da Cunha Barroso

Works

 * O Integralismo de Norte a Sul (1934)