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text: The Yellow Book/Volume 3/From a Lithograph

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 * style="text-align: right"|Leonard D. Abbott
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 * style="text-align: right"|Sadakichi Hartmann
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 * style="text-align: right"|Bruce Calvert
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] for she folds her wings together on his approach, and then the flirtations, pursuits, refusals, and pretended departures commence again.

These performances sometimes last for more than half an hour, no inconsiderable portion of a butterfly's lifetime. When they have ended, the female deposits its eggs, several hundred in number, upon some portion of a cabbage-leaf. The eggs are like little pyramids, three or four times as high as wide, and grooved by deep channels, which separate the rounded, undulating sides from each other. The Pieris arranges its eggs in a most artistic manner, side by side, and, having glued them firmly to the leaf, leaves them entirely to their fate. By far the greater number of them perish, but still some are hatched, and thus insure the perpetuation of the species.

Every one knows that there springs from each of these eggs a worm-like animal called a caterpillar, which must pass into the intermediate condition of chrysalis before it will become a perfect butterfly.

The egg which our Pieris lays is much smaller than a millet-seed, and the caterpillar which emerges from it is proportionally diminutive. When fully formed, however, it measures one inch and a half in length, and about 1-5th of an inch in width, and 1-6in in depth. We see what a great difference there is in size between the animal when it emerges from the egg, and when it is fully formed, and how rapidly the increase takes place. Moreover, this growth is not gradual, as in most other animals. We may describe it as occurring suddenly, and by a series of formative leaps taken at each of those periods ordinarily called moultings. In fact, as soon as it leaves the egg the young caterpillar eats with a voracity too familiar to our gardeners, but, nevertheless, does not increase in size.

After some days this enormous appetite is lost; the caterpillar becomes quite languid, and its skin loses its colour and appears to wither. It then crawls away to some sheltered locality. If we follow it to its retreat, we shall see it attach itself firmly to the ground, alternately contracting and inflating its body and twisting it about in every way; then resting for a while, as if completely exhausted, and finally commencing anew. Sometimes whole hours are spent before we can see the object of all these tiresome operations. Eventually the skin bursts at the third or fourth ring, and splits in a straight line from one end of the body to the other. The caterpillar now pushes out first its head and afterwards its entire body, and appears in a new skin as flexible and as brilliantly-coloured as ever. It has also increased in size, so that it would be quite impossible to enclose it in the case which before enveloped it. Its organs have increased in volume, but having been pent up and compressed by the old skin, when suddenly liberated they attained their proper size, as it were, through their natural elasticity.

There are several moultings gone through before the caterpillar arrives at its adult size and acquires its final characters. At this period we can distinguish but two anatomical regions in our insect—the head and the trunk. The head is small, of a blue colour picked with black, covered with a hard skin, and provided with six simple eyes, which are quite separate from each other. The mouth, as in other caterpillars, is formed for dividing and chewing the tough leaves of cabbage and other cruciferous plants. It is provided laterally with a pair of less powerful jaws, which are partly concealed by an upper lip and a wide lower one. In the middle of the latter may be seen a small tubular elongated organ, pierced by a microscopic aperture; this is the spinning apparatus, by which is made the soft wool-like material which the animal will soon require.

The body of the caterpillar is of cylindrical form, and is composed of twelve almost similar rings. It is of a greenish or yellowish grey colour, marked by three yellow bands which pass from end to end, and is covered with black spots. These spots are little tubercles, each of which carries a white hair, easily seen with a pocket lens. There are eight pairs of feet for the purpose of locomotion, and, as in all caterpillars, these are of two kinds. The three first of each side are conical, jointed, and terminated by hooklets or little claws; these are the horny or true feet. The others are termed membranous or false feet. The latter are like large tubercles, whose ends are truncated and furnished with a circle of hooklets. The most remarkable feature in connection with these is, that the caterpillar can move them in every direction, can push them out, or draw them into the body so completely that there is hardly a trace left of the positions they occupied. There is on each side of its body and extending over ten segments, a series of little orifices, each of which is surrounded by a brown circle; these are the stigmata, or apertures through which the air is admitted to the respiratory organs.

The caterpillar of the cabbage butterfly


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 * style="text-align: right"|Emma Goldman
 * style="text-align: right|10c.
 * colspan="2"|Anarchism: What It Really Stands For
 * style="text-align: right"|Emma Goldman
 * style="text-align: right|10c.
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 * style="text-align: right"|Emma Goldman
 * style="text-align: right|10c.
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 * style="text-align: right|5c.
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 * style="text-align: right"|Francisco Ferrer
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 * style="text-align: right"|C. L. James
 * style="text-align: right|5c.
 * colspan="2"|The Modern School
 * style="text-align: right"|Francisco Ferrer
 * style="text-align: right|5c.
 * }
 * style="text-align: right"|Francisco Ferrer
 * style="text-align: right|5c.
 * }


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text:
Portal:President's Daily Brief

Works

 * The President’s Daily Brief, 8 June 1966
 * The President’s Daily Brief, 9 June 1966
 * The President’s Daily Brief, 10 June 1966
 * The President's Daily Brief, 26 February 1974
 * President's Daily Brief, June 9, 1967

title: Portal:President's Daily Brief


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Page:The Yellow Book - 03.djvu/37

 of discharging its (to some girls) uncongenial duties. And so, though not the rose herself, she would still be—er—near the rose!" And the Mayor resumed his seat, chuckling over his little pleasantry, which the keener wits of the Council proceeded to explain at length to the more obtuse.

"Permit me, Mr. Mayor," said the girl, quietly, "first to thank you for what was evidently the outcome of a kindly though misdirected feeling on your part; and then to set you right as to the grounds of my application for the post to which you admit my hereditary claim. As to my cousin, your conjecture as to the feeling between us is greatly exaggerated; and I may further say at once, from my knowledge of his character, that he is little qualified either to adorn or to dignify an important position such as this. A man who has achieved such indifferent success in a minor and less exacting walk of life, is hardly likely to shine in an occupation demanding punctuality, concentration, judgment—all the qualities, in fine, that go to make a good business man. But this is beside the question. My motives, gentlemen, in demanding what is my due, are simple and (I trust) honest, and I desire that you should know them. It is my wish to be dependent on no one. I am both willing and able to work, and I only ask for what is the common right of humanity—admission to the labour market. How many poor toiling women would simply jump at a chance like this which fortune lays open to me! And shall I, from any false deference to that conventional voice which proclaims this thing as "nice," and that thing as "not nice," reject a handicraft which promises me both artistic satisfaction and a competence? No, gentlemen; my claim is a small one—only a fair day's wage for a fair day's work. But I can accept nothing less, nor consent to forgo my rights, even orfor? [sic] any contingent remainder of possible cousinly favour!"

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 There was a touch of scorn in her fine contralto voice as she finished speaking; the Mayor himself beamed approval. He was not wealthy, and had a large family of daughters; so Jeanne's sentiments seemed to him entirely right and laudable.

"Well, gentlemen," he began, briskly, "then all we've got to do, is to"

"Beg pardon, your worship," put in Master Robinet, the tanner, who had been sitting with a petrified, Bill-the-Lizard sort of expression during the speechifying; "but are we to understand as how this here young lady is going to be the public executioner?"

"Really, neighbour Robinet," said the Mayor somewhat pettishly, "you've got ears like the rest of us, I suppose; and you know the contents of the deed; and you've had my assurance that it's—er—quite in order; and as it's getting towards lunchtime"

"But it's unheard-of," protested honest Robinet. "There hasn't ever been no such thing—leastways not as I've heard tell."

"Well, well, well," said the Mayor, "everything must have a beginning, I suppose. Times are different now, you know. There's the march of intellect, and—er—all that sort of thing. We must advance with the times—don't you see, Robinet?—advance with the times!"

"Well I'm" began the tanner.

But no one heard, on this occasion, the tanner's opinion as to his condition, physical or spiritual; for the clear contralto cut short his obtestations.

"If there's really nothing more to be said, Mr. Mayor," she remarked, "I need not trespass longer on your valuable time. I propose to take up the duties of my office to-morrow morning, at

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 the usual hour. The salary will, I assume, be reckoned from the same date; and I shall make the customary quarterly application for such additional emoluments as may have accrued to me during that period. You see I am familiar with the routine. Good morning, gentlemen!" And as she passed from the Council chamber, her small head held erect, even the tanner felt that she took with her a large portion of the May sunshine which was condescending that morning to gild their deliberations.

One evening, a few weeks later, Jeanne was taking a stroll on the ramparts of the town, a favourite and customary walk of hers when business cares were over. The pleasant expanse of country that lay spread beneath her—the rich sunset, the gleaming sinuous river, and the noble old château that dominated both town and pasture from its adjacent height—all served to stir and bring out in her those poetic impulses which had lain dormant during the working day; while the cool evening breeze smoothed out and obliterated any little jars or worries which might have ensued during the practice of a profession in which she was still something of a novice. This evening she felt fairly happy and content. True, business was rather brisk, and her days had been fully occupied; but this mattered little so long as her modest efforts were appreciated, and she was now really beginning to feel that, with practice, her work was creditably and artistically done. In a satisfied, somewhat dreamy mood, she was drinking in the various sweet influences of the evening, when she perceived her cousin approaching.

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 "Good evening, Enguerrand," cried Jeanne pleasantly; she was thinking that since she had begun to work for her living, she had hardly seen him—and they used to be such good friends. Could anything have occurred to offend him?

Enguerrand drew near somewhat moodily, but could not help relaxing his expression at sight of her fair young face, set in its framework of rich brown hair, wherein the sunset seemed to have tangled itself and to cling, reluctant to leave it.

"Sit down, Enguerrand," continued Jeanne, "and tell me what you've been doing this long time. Been very busy, and winning forensic fame and gold?"

"Well, not exactly," said Enguerrand, moody once more. "The fact is, there's so much interest required nowadays at the courts, that unassisted talent never gets a chance. And you, Jeanne?"

"Oh, I don't complain," answered Jeanne, lightly. "Of course it's fair-time just now, you know, and we're always busy then. But work will be lighter soon, and then I'll get a day off, and we'll have a delightful ramble and picnic in the woods, as we used to do when we were children. What fun we had in those old days, Enguerrand! Do you remember when we were quite little tots, and used to play at executions in the back-garden, and you were a bandit and a buccaneer, and all sorts of dreadful things, and I used to chop off your head with a paperknife? How pleased dear father used to be!"

"Jeanne," said Enguerrand, with some hesitation, "you've touched upon the very subject that I came to speak to you about. Do you know, dear, I can't help feeling—it may be unreasonable, but still the feeling is there—that the profession you have adopted is not quite—is just a little"

"Now, Enguerrand!" said Jeanne, an angry flash sparkling in

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 her eyes. She was a little touchy on this subject, the word she most affected to despise being also the one she most dreaded—the adjective "unladylike."

"Don't misunderstand me, Jeanne," went on Enguerrand, imploringly: "You may naturally think that, because I should have succeeded to the post, with its income and perquisites, had you relinquished your claim, there is therefore some personal feeling in my remonstrances. Believe me, it is not so. My own interests do not weigh with me for a moment. It is on your own account, Jeanne, and yours alone, that I ask you to consider whether the higher æsthetic qualities, which I know you possess, may not become cramped and thwarted by 'the trivial round, the common task,' which you have lightly undertaken. However laudable a professional life may be, one always feels that with a delicate organism such as woman, some of the bloom may possibly get rubbed off the peach."

"Well, Enguerrand," said Jeanne, composing herself with an effort, though her lips were set hard, "I will do you the justice to belive that personal advantage does not influence you, and I will try to reason calmly with you, and convince you that you are simply hide-bound by old-world prejudice. Now, take yourself, for instance, who come here to instruct me: what does your profession amount to, when all's said and done? A mass of lies, quibbles, dodges, and tricks, that would make any self-respecting executioner blush! And even with the dirty weapons at your command, you make but a poor show of it. There was that wretched fellow you defended only two days ago. (I was in court during the trial—professional interest, you know.) Well, he had his regular alibi all ready, as clear as clear could be; only you must needs go and mess and bungle the thing up, so that, as I expected all along, he was passed on to me for treatment in due

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32 completes its growth about the month of October or November. It now prepares for its first metamorphosis by ceasing to eat, and thus completely emptying its digestive tube; then it seeks the hollow of some tree, or hole in some neighbouring wall, and having found a suitable spot, it begins its preparations.

Unlike the silkworm, this caterpillar spins no cocoon for its concealment and protection, but undergoes its metamorphosis in the open air. It now commences covering the spot it has chosen with filaments which cross each other in every direction; and this silken couch, delicate in texture, but withal of considerable strength, serves as a solid and firm support for the hinder limbs. Then bending its trunk and head posteriorly almost to the middle of the back—like an acrobat who makes a hoop of his body—it fixes a thread first on one side and then upon the other, and continues the operation till it has formed a kind of girth, composed of about fifty filaments. This done, it straightens its body, and undergoes its last moulting; the animal however which emerges from the cast-off skin is no longer a caterpillar, but a chrysalis, which is sustained horizontally by the hooklets of its tail and the girth we have described.

The Pieris in the new condition which it will maintain during the winter, bears hardly any resemblance to the caterpillar. The skin, which is dense and horny, is covered with a sort of varnish, thrown out at the moment of the metamorphosis, and rapidly dried. It has now assumed an ashy hue, picked out with black and yellow. The body has become thicker, but, as it were to compensate for this increase, has been shortened by about one-third. Instead of being made up of rings from end to end, it now exhibits two principal segments. The hinder one alone, which is short and conical, presents the annulose condition, although there is a keel-like elevation upon the dorsal portion of the anterior segment, and a kind of crest upon its undersurface. The head and feet seem at first sight to have disappeared altogether. On closer examination, however, we can detect a series of rounded elevations and projections, arranged symmetrically. Knowing what this insert mass will eventually become, we can almost fancy that we see the various organs beneath the skin, or rather beneath the cement which invests it; the proboscis, antennæ, and wings being indicated in the same manner as the form and proportions of a mummy are rudely mapped out by the bandages which enshroud it. To all intents and purposes the chrysalis is a mummy.

About the middle of spring, or beginning of summer, the Pieris undergoes its second metamorphosis. Its envelope splits along the dorsal portion, and the organs which had been inclosed by the crests and elevations come out, as if from a case; then the entire animal disengages itself, and from the chrysalis coffin there emerges a perfect butterfly. At first its feet are of too pliant a character to support the body; the wings are heavy, thrown into microscopic zigzag folds, and unfit for flight; and the proboscis with its component halves often separate, is extended in a right line. But after a while the surrounding liquids are evaporated, the limbs are strengthened, the proboscis is adjusted and coiled up, the wings are unfolded, and the insect, which in its early days was "a creeping thing," and afterwards a motionless one, flies to the nearest flower and makes its first repast.

HAVE here set down a few examples of variation which have come under my notice during the last two or three years. I have observed that the species contained in the order Ranunculaceæ have a peculiar tendency to depart from their ordinary forms; and many instances of such variations occur in the earlier numbers of the Naturalist. In addition to those therein recorded, I may mention that I have observed in Brompton cemetery a curious variety of the Bulbous Crowfoot (Ranunculus bulbosus), which bears flowers of a pale yellow or cream colour; though it differs in no other respect from the typical form: this variety is apparently constant, about a dozen examples having been observed in the same spot for the last four or five years. A friend has observed a single plant of the same species, at High Wycombe, Bucks, having blossoms "as double as those of the Dahlia," the whole of the stamens being transformed into petals. Another species, the Creeping Crowfoot (R. repens) is peculiarly variable in the relative number of stamens and petals; and semi-double varieties are in some places equally common with the ordinary form. The Lesser Spearwort (R. Flammula) also occasionally exhibits a similar peculiarity. The singularly deformed petals of the Wood Crowfoot (R. auricomus) must be familiar to all who know the plant; regularly shaped


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 course. You may like to have his opinion—that of a shrewd, though unlettered person. 'It's a real pleasure, miss,' he said, 'to be handled by you. You knows your work, and you does your work—though p'raps I ses it as shouldn't. If that blooming fool of a mouthpiece of mine'—he was referring to you, dear, in your capacity of advocate—'had known his business half as well as you do yours, I shouldn't a bin here now!' And you know, Enguerrand, he was perfectly right."

"Well, perhaps he was," admitted Enguerrand. "You see, I had been working at a sonnet the night before, and I couldn't get the rhymes right, and they would keep coming into my head in court and mixing themselves up with the alibi. But look here, Jeanne, when you saw I was going off the track, you might have given me a friendly hint, you know—for old times' sake, if not for the prisoner's!"

"I daresay," replied Jeanne, calmly: "perhaps you'll tell me why I should sacrifice my interests because you're unable to look after yours. You forget that I receive a bonus, over and above my salary, upon each exercise of my functions!"

"True," said Enguerrand, gloomily: "I did forget that. I wish I had your business aptitudes, Jeanne."

"I daresay you do," remarked Jeanne. "But you see, dear, how all your arguments fall to the ground. You mistake a prepossession for a logical base. Now if I had gone, like that Clairette you used to dangle after, and been waiting-woman to some grand lady in a château—a thin-blooded compound of drudge and sycophant—then, I suppose, you'd have been perfectly satisfied. So feminine! So genteel!"

"She's not a bad sort of girl, little Claire," said Enguerrand, reflectively (thereby angering Jeanne afresh): "but putting her aside,—of course you could always beat me at argument, Jeanne;

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text: Opals (Custance)/Ideal

title: Opals (Custance)/Ideal


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174 ject, it proposes and answers multifarious questions which must occur continually to the modern Christian as well as to the ancient philosopher. "What makes an action right or wrong? What is a duty? What is expediency? How shall I learn to choose between my principles and my interests? And lastly (a point of casuistry which must sometimes perplex the strictest conscience), of two 'things honest,' which is most so?"

The key-note of his discourse throughout is Honour; and the word seems to carry with it that magic force which Burke attributed to chivalry—"the unbought grace of life—the nurse of heroic sentiment and manly enterprise." Noblesse oblige,—and there is no state of life, says Cicero, without its obligations. In their due discharge consists all the nobility, and in their neglect all the disgrace, of character. There should be no selfish devotion to private interests. We are born not for ourselves only, but for our kindred and fatherland. We owe duties not only to those who have benefited but to those who have wronged us. We should render to all their due; and justice is due even to the lowest of mankind: what, for instance (he says with a hardness which jars upon our better feelings), can be lower than a slave? Honour is that "unbought grace" which adds a lustre to every action. In society it produces

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Rh courtesy of manners; in business, under the form of truth, it establishes public credit. Again, as equity, it smooths the harsh features of the law. In war it produces that moderation and good faith between contending armies which are the surest basis of a lasting peace. And so in honour are centred the elements of all the virtues—wisdom and justice, fortitude and temperance; and "if," he says, reproducing the noble words of Plato, as applied by him to Wisdom, "this 'Honour' could but be seen in her full beauty by mortal eyes, the whole world would fall in love with her."

Such is the general spirit of this treatise, of which only the briefest sketch can be given in these pages.

Cicero bases honour on our inherent excellence of nature, paying the same noble tribute to humanity as Kant some centuries after: "On earth there is nothing great but man; in man there is nothing great but mind." Truth is a law of our nature. Man is only "lower than the angels;" and to him belong prerogatives which mark him off from the brute creation—the faculties of reason and discernment, the sense of beauty, and the love of law and order. And from this arises that fellow-feeling which, in one sense, "makes the whole world kin"—the spirit of Terence's famous line, which Cicero notices (applauded on its recitation, as Augustin tells us, by the cheers of the entire audience in the theatre)—

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] blossoms being quite the exception. The Pilewort (R. Ficaria) varies greatly in the number of its petals, instances being on record in which the flowers have been entirely double. Babington, in his Manual, assigns April and May as the time of the blossoming of this species; I have always observed it in flower by the end of February or the beginning of March; and have twice or thrice noticed it on Christmas day. In some neighbourhoods the blossoms of the Wood Anemone (Anemone nemorosa) occasionally assume a deep pink tinge; and this is especially the case when they are somewhat past their prime. Yet it is a curious fact that all, or even the majority of, specimens do not partake of this peculiarity, as I have observed it in a wood near High Wycombe, in which the fading specimens retained their original white, with the exception of one single patch, of which all the blossoms were deep pink. I met with a curious form of the Field Larkspur (Delphinium Consolida) on some waste ground in Chelsea last year, in which the petals were entirely wanting.

I have recently observed, in Wycombe Park, a variety of the common Bittercress (Cardamine pratensis) presenting features similar to that mentioned in Part 16 of the "Liverpool Naturalist's Scrap-Book," having young shoots growing from the base of the terminal leaflet, which was much enlarged. The blossoms of the Bitter Candytuft (Iberis amara) are sometimes of a purple colour, differing widely from the chalky-white which is their usual hue.

I last year received from a botanical correspondent residing at Durham the very beautiful variety of the Wood Sorrel (Oxalis Acetosella) which was recorded by Dr. Richardson, in Ray's Synopsis, under the name of O. flore purpureo, as having occurred "in a hollow lane betwixt North Ouram and Halifax in plenty." My specimens came from a wood near Byer's Green, Durham, where I am informed that it occurred in abundance: and the same friend found it subsequently in Rokeby Wood, Yorkshire; he remarks that it blossoms later than the ordinary form. It appears to be rather unfrequent, and so conspicuous a plant could hardly be overlooked; it is reported from Chiselhurst, Kent; Shropshire; and Wales.

The proliferous variety of the White Clover (Trifolium repens) occurred last year in great abundance on the Balham end of Wandsworth Common; I had previously observed it in the grounds of Chelsea College. The blossoms of this species occasionally vary to a pinkish hue, somewhat similar to those of the variety known as the Scilly Trefoil, but of a much lighter shade; while those of the Purple Clover (T. pratense) are sometimes, though rarely, of a pure white. In the latter plant the calyx is occasionally much enlarged, and the flowers are almost hidden from view; this I imagine must be the variety called little-flowered (parviflorum) by some authors; it may usually be found on the Balham end of Wandsworth Common. The white variety above referred to I found last year in a field near Downley, Bucks, with a variety of the Hop Trefoil (T. procumbens), distinguished by Schreber as a species under the name of T. campestre. I am not aware that this last has been previously recorded as having occurred in Britain; it is much larger in all its parts than the Hop Trefoil (T. procumbens), and more robust in its growth; the leaves and flowers are also of a darker hue, and the former clasp the stem very closely, giving a shrubby character to the plant. The field in which I gathered it was sown with T. hybridum, and the former had evidently been introduced with it; but though it occurred in some plenty it did not appear to be part of the crop.

A curious variety of the Wild Carrot (Daucus carota) was noticed in the same neighbourhood, having umbellets, or small umbels, springing from the main head of blossom. This peculiarity was observed in but one plant. The lilac or blue hue, which is, with one exception, characteristic of our British Teazle Worts (Dipsacaceæ), is, as far as my experience goes, extremely variable—the shade of colour differing greatly in different plants. In the neighbourhood of High Wycombe, I last year found specimens of the Field Scabious (Knautia arvensis) and the Small Scabious (Scabiosa columbaria), having perfectly white blossoms, the latter occurring in one or two places; and at Whittington Park, in the same vicinity, a very pretty variety of the devil's bit (S. succisa) was observed, the flowers of which were of a pale pink, or flesh colour. The ordinary form of this plant is one of the last to yield to the approach of winter. I gathered a pretty bunch of its blossoms at the end of November last.

The order Compositæ, though large, does not furnish so many varieties as might be expected. The most interesting which I have noticed is one of the Nipple Wort (Lapsana communis), the flower-heads of which were proliferous, having smaller ones growing from the centre: this also occurred in the


text: Opals (Custance)/The Blue Mist

title: Opals (Custance)/The Blue Mist


text: Opals (Custance)/With a Book of Fairy Tales


text: Opals (Custance)

title: Opals (Custance)


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text: Opals (Custance)/Love's Firstfruits

title: Opals (Custance)/Love's Firstfruits


text: Opals (Custance)/The Song Spinner

title: Opals (Custance)/The Song Spinner


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 Physical Writers call SECOND QUALITIES, and which yet, as they may be produced and destroyed by the Chymists Art, may be stiled Chymical Qualities, and the Spagyrical ways of introducing or expelling them may be referr'd to Chymical Operations, of which there is given a more ample Specimen in the Mechanical account of Chymical Precipitations. And lastly, some Notes are added about Magnetism and Electricity, which are known to belong to the Tribe of Occult Qualities.

IV. If a want of apt Coherence and exact Method be discover'd in the following Essays, 'tis hop'd, that defect will be easily excus'd by those that remember and consider, that these Papers were originally little better than a kind of Rapsody of Experiments, Thoughts, and Observations, occasionally thrown together by way of Annotations upon some Passages of a Discourse, (about the differing Parts and Redintegration of Nitre) wherein some things were pointed at relating to the particular Qualities that are here more largely treated of. And though the Particulars that concern some of these Qualities, were afterwards (to supply the place of those borrow'd by other Papers whilst these lay by me) increas'd in number; yet it was not to be expected, that

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text: The New York Times/1918/11/11/Gen. Bell Stirs Kin of Our Soldiers


text: The New York Times/1918/11/11/Lost and Found


text: The New York Times/1918/11/11/More Food Must Be Saved


text: The New York Times/1918/11/11/Red Cross Prison Work


text: The New York Times/1918/11/11/Tell of Jew's Part in Conduct of War


text: The New York Times/1918/11/11/Plan Soldiers' Monument


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For decades, infrastructure in Maryland has suffered from a systemic lack of investment. The need for action is clear:

Maryland's infrastructure received a  grade on its Infrastructure Report Card. The American Jobs Plan will make a historic investment in our nation’s infrastructure.

 * ROADS AND BRIDGES: In Maryland there are 273 bridges and over 2,201 miles of highway in poor condition. Since 2011, commute times have increased by 5.1% in Maryland and on average, each driver pays $637 per year in costs due to driving on roads in need of repair. The American Jobs Plan will devote more than $600 billion to transform our nations’ transportation infrastructure and make it more resilient, including $115 billion repairing roads and bridges.
 * PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION: Marylanders who take public transportation spend an extra 66.3% of their time commuting and non-White households are 2.7 times more likely to commute via public transportation. 23% of trains and other transit vehicles in the state are past useful life. The American Jobs Plan will modernize public transit with an $85 billion investment.
 * RESILIENT INFRASTRUCTURE: From 2010 to 2020, Maryland has experienced 31 extreme weather events, costing the state up to $10 billion in damages. The President is calling for $50 billion to improve the resiliency of our infrastructure and support communities’ recovery from disaster.
 * DRINKING WATER: Over the next 20 years, Maryland's drinking water infrastructure will require $9.3 billion in additional funding. The American Jobs Plan includes a $111 billion investment to ensure clean, safe drinking water is a right in all communities.
 * HOUSING: In part due to a lack of available and affordable housing, 353,000 renters in Maryland are rent burdened, meaning they spend more than 30% of their income on rent. The President proposes investing over $200 billion to increase housing supply and address the affordable housing crisis.
 * BROADBAND: 3.8% of Marylanders live in areas where, by one definition, there is no broadband infrastructure that provides minimally acceptable speeds. And 34.5% of Marylanders live in areas where there is only one such internet provider. Even where infrastructure is available, broadband may be too expensive to be within reach. 10.9% of Maryland households do not have an internet subscription. The American Jobs Plan will invest $100 billion to bring universal, reliable, high-speed, and affordable coverage to every family in America.
 * CAREGIVING: Across the country, hundreds of thousands of older adults and people with disabilities are in need of home and community-based services. The President's plan will invest $400 billion to help more people access care and improve the quality of caregiving jobs.
 * CHILD CARE: In Maryland, there is an estimated $615 million gap in what schools need to do maintenance and make improvements and 51% of residents live in a childcare desert. The American Jobs Plan will modernize our nation’s schools and early learning facilities and build new ones in neighborhoods across Maryland and the country.


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 *MANUFACTURING: Manufacturers account for more than 5.89% of total output in Maryland, employing 108,000 workers, or 3.92% of the state’s workforce. The American Job’s Plan will invest $300 billion to retool and revitalize American manufacturers.
 * HOME ENERGY: In Maryland, an average low-income family spends 6-8%of [sic] their income on home energy costs forcing tough choices between paying energy bills and buying food, medicine or other essentials. The American Jobs Plan will upgrade low-income homes to make them more energy efficient through a historic investment in the Weatherization Assistance Program, a new Clean Energy and Sustainability Accelerator to finance building improvements, and expanded tax credits to support home energy upgrades.
 * CLEAN ENERGY JOBS: As of 2019, there were 84,549 Marylanders working in clean energy, and the American Jobs Plan invests in creating more good paying union jobs advancing clean energy production by extending and expanding tax credits for clean energy generation, carbon capture and sequestration and clean energy manufacturing.
 * VETERANS HEALTH: Maryland is home to over 389,600 veterans, 13.3% of whom are women and 42.2% of whom are over the age of 65. The President is calling for $18 billion to improve the infrastructure of VA health care facilities to ensure the delivery of world-class, state of the art care to veterans enrolled in the VA health care system. This includes improvements to ensure appropriate care for women and older veterans.


text: Index:American Jobs Plan State Fact Sheet LA.pdf


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For decades, infrastructure in Louisiana has suffered from a systemic lack of investment. The need for action is clear:

Louisiana’s infrastructure received a  grade on its Infrastructure Report Card. The American Jobs Plan will make a historic investment in our nation’s infrastructure.

 * ROADS AND BRIDGES: In Louisiana there are 1,634 bridges and over 3,411 miles of highway in poor condition. Since 2011, commute times have increased by 9.3% in Louisiana and on average, each driver pays $667 per year in costs due to driving on roads in need of repair. The American Jobs Plan will devote more than $600 billion to transform our nations’ transportation infrastructure and make it more resilient, including $115 billion repairing roads and bridges.
 * PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION: Louisianans who take public transportation spend an extra 62.1% of their time commuting and non-White households are 4.3 times more likely to commute via public transportation. 25% of trains and other transit vehicles in the state are past useful life. The American Jobs Plan will modernize public transit with an $85 billion investment.
 * RESILIENT INFRASTRUCTURE: From 2010 to 2020, Louisiana has experienced 30 extreme weather events, costing the state up to $50 billion in damages. The President is calling for $50 billion to improve the resiliency of our infrastructure and support communities’ recovery from disaster.
 * DRINKING WATER: Over the next 20 years, Louisiana’s drinking water infrastructure will require $7.3 billion in additional funding. The American Jobs Plan includes a $111 billion investment to ensure clean, safe drinking water is a right in all communities.
 * HOUSING: In part due to a lack of available and affordable housing, 307,000 renters in Louisiana are rent burdened, meaning they spend more than 30% of their income on rent. The President proposes investing over $200 billion to increase housing supply and address the affordable housing crisis.
 * BROADBAND: 14% of Louisianan’s live in areas where, by one definition, there is no broadband infrastructure that provides minimally acceptable speeds. And 60% of Louisianans live in areas where there is only one such internet provider. Even where infrastructure is available, broadband may be too expensive to be within reach. 19% of Louisiana households do not have an internet subscription. The American Jobs Plan will invest $100 billion to bring universal, reliable, high-speed, and affordable coverage to every family in America
 * CAREGIVING: Across the country, hundreds of thousands of older adults and people with disabilities are in need of home and community-based services. The President’s plan will invest $400 billion to help more people access care and improve the quality of caregiving jobs.
 * CHILD CARE: In Louisiana, there is an estimated $553 million gap in what schools need to do maintenance and make improvements and 42% of residents live in a childcare desert. The American Jobs Plan will modernize our nation’s schools and early learning facilities and build new ones in neighborhoods across Louisiana and the country.


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 I have no absolute claims either upon his affection or fortune; the first I can perceive is much weakened, and I may have already intruded too far on the latter; yet why should I think so, when he still makes me such liberal offers? The stile in which those offers are made is what hurts me. Alas! few men that confer obligations have the graceful art of making the obliged person satisfied with the favours he receives; 'tis the manner, more than the act, that strikes a mind of sensibility."

Musing in this manner, with the letter in his hand, he had forgotten, for a few minutes, that there lay another, from which he might hope to derive more information, and greater gratification. Turning his eyes from the letter to the table, he hastily caught up the one written by Ernest: "Ah! (cried he) here at least I shall read the dictates of the heart, of pure affection without reserve."—He broke it open with precipitation, and read what follows:


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"How my heart rejoiced at the sight of your well-known hand! Ah! my dear young master, hard is your lot to wander about in search of peace; sad, sad doings to be sure: But your dear son, master Charles, is well, and my nephew dotes upon him, he is so good, and so clever; he will live, I hope, to be a blessing to you.—You ask, Sir, about Madam Claudina; she is as well as she can be, but desires to be forgotten by all the world. At a proper age your daughter will be restored to you, till then I beseech you, Sir, to make no farther inquiries. Madam Claudina is dead to you.

"The Count, my master, seems oppressed with melancholy: He has also received some unknown caution, advice, or reproof, from the same voice which astonished you; for a few days ago, after being about an hour in bed, the servants were alarmed by the ringing of his bell; all flew to his room, I among the rest; we found him in the anti-chamber


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 in his shirt, terror in every feature. He asked wildly if any one had been in the chamber or closet? All replied, No.—Had any one heard any groans, or a voice? No, was the answer. He walked the room very fast, regardless of his situation. At length he dismissed all but his valet, who was ordered to stay by him the remainder of the night, and since that a bed has been put up in the anti-chamber for him to sleep close to the Count. These are strange things, my dear Master. I see and hear a great deal, but it does not become me to repeat more than is necessary. Yesterday Peter told me that his Master was courting the Lady once offered to you, the daughter of Count Benhorff.—You know, Sir, the Count died some time ago, and left the Lady a great fortune. Peter said, that after you had refused the Lady, your father offered Count Rhodophil, but the young Countess would not hear of him, and has continued unmarried ever since.—Your brother used to visit there sometimes,


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 and since your departure has been to see the Lady every day, and Peter thinks that she likes him, and that it will be a match at last. So much the worse for the Lady.

"As to the Count's love for you, Sir, you know what I think; what he has done, and what he offers to do, is more for fear of the world's blame for his being unnatural, than from any affection: I am sure of it, and I must speak my mind, though I dare not speak all my mind; but I hope I shall live to see you happy, my dear Master; if I die, I have taken care to leave such things in my nephew's hands as will explain every thing. As you are in a friend's house I wish you would stay there, and not go to the wars; indeed I can't bear to think you should be driven to that, although any place is better, aye and safer too, than Renaud Castle. Do pray, Sir, write often to your old servant under cover to my nephew, and fear not for Master Charles or your interest, whilst I live I will watch over both. God bless you,


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Page:American Jobs Plan State Fact Sheet LA.pdf/2

 *MANUFACTURING: Manufacturers account for more than 18% of total output in Louisiana, employing 255,000 workers, or 13% of the state’s workforce. The American Job’s Plan will invest $300 billion to retool and revitalize American manufacturers.
 * HOME ENERGY: In Louisiana, an average low-income family spends 8-10% of their income on home energy costs forcing tough choices between paying energy bills and buying food, medicine or other essentials. The American Jobs Plan will upgrade low-income homes to make them more energy efficient through a historic investment in the Weatherization Assistance Program, a new Clean Energy and Sustainability Accelerator to finance building improvements, and expanded tax credits to support home energy upgrades.
 * CLEAN ENERGY JOBS: As of 2019, there were 10,078 Louisianans working in clean energy, and the American Jobs Plan invests in creating more good paying union jobs advancing clean energy production by extending and expanding tax credits for clean energy generation, carbon capture and sequestration and clean energy manufacturing.
 * VETERANS HEALTH: Louisiana is home to over 140,000 veterans, 7.2% of whom are women and 51% of whom are over the age of 65. The President is calling for $18 billion to improve the infrastructure of VA health care facilities to ensure the delivery of world-class, state of the art care to veterans enrolled in the VA health care system. This includes improvements to ensure appropriate care for women and older veterans.


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 Sir; may you be happy, and live to triumph over your enemies, prays, Your faithful servant, ."

This letter from the old steward occasioned various emotions in the mind of Ferdinand, several expressions were to him inexplicable, and infused suspicions, though unable to fix on the nature of them. That voice, which still continued its supernatural admonitions, filled him with equal terror and wonder.—Those secrets, which Ernest dared not to reveal, perplexed and astonished him, and his expressions concerning Claudina were equally extraordinary. The latter part of the letter seemed to imply a doubt of his being safe under his brother's roof: He then reverted back to the conversation Ernest had told him past between the Count and Peter; a conversation which his brother's subsequent conduct and seeming kindness had almost obliterated from his memory, though he had


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 felt hurt at the indifference of his behaviour when they parted; those circumstances now returned with double force, and seemed strengthened by the coldness of the letter just received.

Distracted with doubt, curiosity and anxiety, he communicated his sentiments, and the letters to Count M, who had been some days before acquainted with his story. The Count perused the letters, and heard his comments, and being pressed to give his judgment, replied, "There undoubtedly hangs a mystery over every circumstance relative to your brother, that without a clue it is impossible to unravel; but I have no doubt in my mind to pronounce that he is not the friend he would appear to be; and I am also convinced, that, however improbable it may appear to you, your wife has been unfaithful to you; whether your brother is acquainted with the circumstance cannot be known, I should rather think he is not, otherwise his affection, or delicacy, would not have


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 prevented him from disclosing it: But since you have now given me a fair opening, I have two proposals to make, which I have been revolving in my mind to submit on the first opportunity to your consideration.

"To you, under Heaven, I am indebted for liberty and life, and for the preservation of Eugenia's, much dearer to me than my own: For some days past I have struggled with my affection and regret; reason, or perhaps despair, has, in some degree, tranquillized my mind to bear the idea of being separated for ever from the only object I ever did, or ever can love. I have no near or dear connexions, perhaps scarcely an acquaintance that may remember me. My fortune is not inconsiderable, and however my estates may be disposed of from a supposition of my death, they must be restored to me: Condescend then, my dear friend, to complete the work of your generous hand, restore my mind, my peace, as you have liberated my body. If I must live in the world, do you


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 make that world estimable in my eyes, by the value of your company: Let us never be separated, mutually unfortunate, let us console each other, reject the paltry assistance offered by an ungenerous brother, and share the fortune of a faithful friend."

Seeing Ferdinand was going to speak, he continued, "Hear my proposals: If retirement is your choice, go with me to Suabia; if you prefer an active life, I will either accompany you to the army, or I will travel with you wherever you please; the instant I hear how my affairs stand, you shall be independent, and then your home shall be mine, and your choice of situation shall meet my approbation, whatever it may be: Thus you will make my life valuable if you consent; but your refusal will cloud my hopes and prospects for ever. I leave you to reflection; a single Yes, or No, is all I will hear on the subject, and on those two monosyllables rest my future happiness."


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 The Count rose to leave the room.—Ferdinand caught his hand: "Stop, generous friend, no consideration is necessary, I can distinguish between favours coldly offered, and the effusions of benevolence and friendship; the proud heart that would refuse the latter feels not a generous enthusiasm.—I accept with transport your offers, because I know you feel a delight, a gratification superior, even to mine, in the pleasure of bestowing favours.—Yes (added he, embracing the Count) we will indeed console each other; with such a companion I will travel through the painful journey of life with patience and resignation, and to you be indebted for every comfort without feeling myself degraded by the acceptance." The Count was delighted, and withdrew to acquaint Eugenia with the acquisition he had fortunately obtained of a friend and a companion for his future days; whilst Ferdinand retired to reflect on his letters, and the generosity of the friend, so infinitely superior to the obligations frigidly bestowed by a brother.


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CHAP. VII.VIII. [sic]

days passed away without any material occurrence, the third brought visitors to the Castle. Baron Reiberg and his son, the nearest relations and heirs to the late Baron S, arrived about the middle of the day at this Solitary Mansion. The Baron had for some years enjoyed the revenues of the estate by the courtesy of the Emperor; every inquiry had been set on foot to discover the existence of the Baron, and all proving fruitless, it seemed so unaccountable, that a person of his rank and fortune should so suddenly disappear, and his fate be unknown, that at length some person in the neighbour-


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 hood, who had heard a vague report of his being married to a Lady who had run away the same day to a Convent, conjectured that he had gone a volunteer to the wars under a borrowed name, and had fallen undistinguished among the slain.

This idea soon got abroad, and was generally credited, so that the present Baron found but little difficulty in prevailing upon the Emperor to allow him the possession of the estates, to which he was the legal heir, on the demise of Baron S. The express sent by Count M, addressed to the steward, or possessor of the estate, had infinitely surprised him; but as it brought a confirmation of his relation's death, it relieved him from a doubt which had often given him pain, lest he should be dispossessed of his fortune. Curiosity induced him to take the journey, accompanied by his son, and no time was lost in putting his design into execution.


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 Count M received them with politeness, and without reserve related every event which had taken place at the Castle. The astonishment of the two Gentlemen may be easily conceived; they detested the cruelty of the late Baron, and reprobated his conduct in the strongest terms: They could offer no reparation to the Count, who was superior to pecuniary favours; but Baron Reiberg earnestly entreated the Lady Eugenia would accept of that income to which she would have been entitled as the late Baron's widow by the marriage settlement, particularly as the Baron possessed her father's fortune.—This offer she strenuously refused; much generous altercation took place between them, at length a compromise was agreed on. As Eugenia could have no just expectations to any part of the Baron's fortune, neither had she power to claim any share of her father's property bequeathed unconditionally to him; yet, as the Baron, who now possessed all, was so extremely desirous of


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 making some restitution to her, she reluctantly acquiesced with his wishes, to accept from him a sum of money sufficient to insure her a most welcome reception when she retired to the Convent.

This plan met with great opposition from Count M, who could not support the idea that his Eugenia should owe any pecuniary favours to a stranger, and a relation of their cruel persecutor; but the urgent entreaties of the Baron, and the remonstrances of the Lady, who considered the obligation forced upon her, more as a generous resignation of a small part of that property to which she had once undoubted claims, than as a gift from an indifferent person not benefited by her family; as a very inconsiderable share of what she had a natural right to have expected, she consented to gratify the Baron's feelings by her acceptance of, and so greatly did he feel interested in her melancholy story, that her acquiescence was considered as a high obligation to himself.


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 One great difficulty equally affected all parties; it was essential to the Baron, that the death of his relation should be publicly announced, that all doubts should be removed, and his possession of the estates be unquestionably his right. How this matter could be elucidated, without involving the names and story of Count M and Eugenia, puzzled them all. Several plans and stories were suggested, but all liable to objections, until Ferdinand being requested to give his opinion, proposed that the account should be as simple as possible, and that his name only should be brought forward, in the following manner:—"Having lost the road, he was conducted by chance to this Castle, where he was admitted by the late Baron, who acquainted him with his retirement from the world in consequence of his wife's leaving him on the day of marriage, and flying to a Convent; that unable to discover her retreat, and conscious of her utter dislike to him, he had grown weary and disgusted with mankind,


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 and rented this Solitary Mansion of Count M, having only one domestic with him. That a few days after Ferdinand's residence with him he was seized with an apoplectic fit, which deprived him of life, in consequence of which Ferdinand had sent off expresses to his estate, and to Count M, whose abode he had been informed of by the Baron. This story, corroborated by Francis, he presumed to think, would effectually satisfy any curious persons, if such there were, who felt any concern about the deceased, and the Lady Eugenia might enter into the Convent as his widow, or not as she pleased."

This arrangement was immediately adopted, except that Eugenia utterly disclaimed an intention of assuming a name to which she had no right, and which indeed was odious to her, and as her marriage with Count M was a secret to all but the present party, she had determined to take upon herself the name of Madam of Valse, which


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 had been a name in her mother's family; "and carrying with me (added she) all such requisites as may ensure a welcome, and give me consequence in the eyes of the Nuns, I apprehend any investigation of my family must be a matter of indifference to them."

Those difficulties, which had perplexed the Baron and Count, being now got over, the Baron dispatched expresses to his family, conformable to the plan decided on, and ordered all things to be prepared for the funeral, as he thought it an incumbent duty upon him to have the body of his relation deposited in the vault with his ancestors; all requisite preparations were made for that purpose, and within two days the procession was to set off for Bavaria.

That day and the following passed agreeably to all; the Baron and his son were so exceedingly interested for the Count, and so delighted with the placid manners, the unassumed good sense, and good nature of Ferdinand, that the idea of a separation, even


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 on so short an acquaintance, was painful to them; the Baron therefore seized an opportunity, in the course of the evening, to express his wishes that his new friends would accompany him to Bavaria. He urged a number of inducements, backed by so many persuasions, that, had not the Count thought it essential to his interest to visit his own estate, and settle all his long accounts there, he could not have resisted an invitation so warm and pressing: Both Ferdinand and himself promised to pay him a speedy visit when they had executed their present unavoidable business. With this promise the Gentlemen were obliged to be contented, and when the hour arrived for their departure, they took leave with many expressions of esteem and gratitude;—of the Lady Eugenia, with respect and consideration, such as her misfortunes, and present laudable resolution, had a claim to.

Those remaining in the Castle, though they were much pleased with the Gentlemen,


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 could scarcely regret their absence, as it relieved them from all concerns relative to the late Baron, the removal of whose body seemed to take from them a heavy pressure, and a painful inquietude.

Count M began to feel some uneasiness, that the messenger he had dispatched to his estate did not return by the time expected, and blamed himself for sending him, as his own appearance would have answered every purpose: Eugenia was very desirous of entering on her new plan, but she could not take Ferdinand from the Count in his present frame of mind, nor did she wish that the latter should accompany her. The following day all their anxiety was done away by the arrival of the expected messenger, and with him the Count's faithful old steward, who had resisted every attempt, persuasion and temptation, of those persons who, being next in succession to the Count, had long since been desirous to profit by his absence, and, under a supposition of his death, to take possession of the estates.


text: Page:Poems, in two volumes (IA poemsintwovolume01word).pdf/23


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 This honest servant produced the orders of his Lord, to hold the management of his fortune until his return to Suabia. He was ready to submit his accounts to their inspection, but he would not resign a trust delegated to him by his master, until convinced that master no longer existed. Apprehensive at length that some sinister means would be used against him, he was compelled to appeal to the Duke of Wirtemberg, who, on hearing both sides of the question, decreed that the management of the estates should remain in the steward's hands for seven years longer, subject to the inspection of the heir; after which period, if the Count did not appear to claim his rights, the property should pass into the hands of his heirs.

Eight months only of this limited seven years remained unexpired, and Mr. Duclos, the steward, had given himself up to despair, when the arrival of the Count's messenger transported him with joy; his eager desire to behold his master would not permit him to


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 wait his return; but sending for a relation, in whom he could confide to remain with the housekeeper, he accompanied the man to the Castle, and seemed ready to expire with delight when admitted to the Count's presence.

Eugenia was not in the room, nor would she be seen by this man, who knew her when she resided with her father. She considered not the alteration which time and affliction had wrought in her face and form, which was such that the steward never would have recollected her; but as this could not in delicacy be urged to her by the Count, he made no objections to her wish of being absent. Ferdinand leaving Mr. Duclos and his master together, repaired to the apartment of Eugenia, whom he found in a flood of tears. He apologized for his intrusion, and was about to withdraw, when she earnestly called on him to return.

"Dear Sir," said she, when she had prevailed upon him to be seated, "you come


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 most opportunely to my relief; I must leave this house to-morrow, indeed I must; the arrival of that good old man has recalled to my mind past scenes that overwhelm me with distress; I shall relapse into sorrow or madness if haunted with recollections that pain me to my very soul; a fugitive daughter, whose conduct perhaps hastened a parent's death, who died without blessing or forgiving me; he might be arbitrary, prejudiced and cruel, but he was my father, to whose goodness I owed every comfort in life, and to whose tenderness, to whose parental care of me in my infancy, I was indebted for my very existence: What sacrifices had not such a parent a right to demand? And what has been the consequences of my resistance to his will?"

Here she wept aloud. This was a subject that wrung the heart of Ferdinand, every word had sunk into his soul, and painful retrospections darted into his mind—Observing his silence, Eugenia resumed her discourse:—-


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 "The state you see me in cannot surprise you, but you have the power to tranquillize my spirits: I cannot support a parting interview—I cannot take leave of the Count—I have endeavoured to acquire fortitude, but the heart in such a moment cannot be trusted; let us go then, Sir, to-morrow at an early hour, I will leave a letter, and my clothes can be sent after me. Do not hesitate (pursued she) consider my peace, my reason may depend upon your compliance."

"Then, Madam," replied Ferdinand—"assure yourself of my obedience to your wishes; to-morrow I will attend you: I only fear that you will find the way more fatiguing than you are aware of, and that arriving at such a place on foot may excite curiosity, and give rise to unfavourable conjectures."

"Well," answered she, hastily, "make what arrangements you please, but let me go to-morrow, and go without taking leave of the Count," she would have said, but the word died on her tongue, her voice fal-


text: Poems, in Two Volumes (Wordsworth, 1807)/Volume 1/Louisa


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 Let Francis accompany you, and take such things as he can carry; there are now two horses in the stables."

"That is sufficient," exclaimed Ferdinand; "I will walk by the side of Eugenia's, and you may depend upon my care to see her safe into the Convent. We may possibly not return for the night; should it be so, entertain no apprehensions for our safety."

"And must I see Eugenia no more?" asked the Count, with a melancholy air.

"If you wish it, and think it right to indulge yourself with another interview," answered Ferdinand, "an interview that, under the present circumstances, must be painful to both, you certainly may go to her apartment: I presume not to advise, you must be the best judge of the consequences."

"Well then," said the other, with a deep sigh, "I submit to reason, nor will I wound her feelings for the gratification of a moment, which must be equally afflictive to both.—May Heaven restore her peace, and then I


text:
Louisa (Wordsworth)

 * "Louisa", in Poems, in Two Volumes, Volume 1 (1807)
 * "Louisa", in Poems, Volume 1 (1815)

title: Louisa (Wordsworth)


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RATITUDE emanates from the sense of guileless enjoyment, as perfume rises from the flower. The sombre shadow of premature decay rests upon the youngest being, the instant that he ceases to enjoy. The child enjoys involuntarily, unreasoningly; its spontaneous gladness gushes forth like the matin song of the lark, and, like the lark's carol, it is an unconscious hymn of thanks for the capacity it has received. But as childhood merges into youth, youth into manhood, how often the blessed faculty of enjoyment decreases until it is wholly lost!

Pity the man from whom it has departed, for its absence speaks of mental and physical abuse; of unholy indulgence that vitiates the taste, of satiety that palls the appetite, of sin that destroys the powers. All the bloom of his existence has been rudely brushed away. The finest chords of his spirit have become voiceless. Touch them with the finger of Nature, of Art, of Feeling, they give forth no sound. The dust of life's prosaic cares collects upon his heart, until no wind of heaven,

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 of recipients, the deeper, purer, and more ineffable the joy experienced by the communicator. Can angels know a higher felicity than the bliss of initiating the redeemed into their own states of beatitude?

Happiness would not be so rare, so fleeting, nor should we pursue the fugitive through so many forbidden paths, if the healthy eapacitycapacity [sic] for enjoyment were cultivated as an actual, essential virtue. The mental powers would be preserved in perennial freshness, the poetry of existence would not be stripped away with the blossoms of youth, Ennui would not be the presiding genius in so many households, nor ingratitude for simple blessings the dominant sin of so many hearts.

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DELINE ARDEN is but eighteen. Do not judge her too harshly if nerves highly strung, and a temperament at once impressible and impetuous, manifest themselves in contrarious moods, multiform inconsistencies, and a state of unrest that craves incessant excitement. Deprived of that impetus, she sinks down powerless, her energies quenched, her mind a stagnant pool. What wonder that she hails as an angel's touch any hand that "troubles the waters," as those of Bethesda were stirred of old! She hardly asks whether the welcome disturber be a spirit of good or evil; she is rewakened, revivified in the rushing vortex; that is enough.

Her vehement nature constantly demands strong and rapid emotional changes. When her feet are in swift pursuit of some inspiring object, when her veins swell with their leaping current, when her thoughts kindle with flashes of enthusiasm, when her heart is thrilled with acute feeling, called forth by some actual incident, some ideal personation, or evoked from the pages of some highly-wrought

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. There! See him turn! Beautiful…

. ''Ay! Ay! Ay!''

. Holy Mother! What nerves!

. A hit! A hit! He threw in a pair! [Applause] Another! Another! I shall go out of my head.

. ''Ay! Ay! Ay!''

. It is coming out all right after all.

. Give the signal to kill.

. To kill? What a pity!

. Now for the speech. Aha, Don Baldomero! Your time has come. Now for the verdict of the people.

. I wonder what he is going to say. Something gallant, of course. Campos is so clever at making speeches… Everywhere he goes, it is the same…

. [Within] Your Excellency… liberal… beautiful… ladies… liberal also like yourself… And long live liberty!

. Bow, bow! And you bow! All bow!

. What a farce! This is intolerable! I will not submit to it.

. I wonder who is getting his now.

. But it is not for you? It is not for us?

. Ay, papa! It is for us!


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. The ruffians!… No, no! Impossible!

. An insult! To you?

. Disgusting! Come! They are hooting my husband. There is no respect, no decency anywhere.

. I will teach them a lesson! I will show them! This was all put up beforehand.

. There must be some mistake.

. The bull is cooling off!

. No, no. Don't speak to me! Let us go! Let us go!

. And we shall go with you.

. Yes, indeed, Doña O!

. Well, they are gone. I must say I am glad of it.

. Now we can enjoy ourselves.

. It served them right. There is no doubt where the people stand.

. They are calling for the "Hymn of Riego."

. The bull is cooling off!

. How can they expect Campos to kill the bull when they throw things like that?

. Where is the speaking-tube? Ah!…

. Tell them to play the "Hymn of Riego."


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 tered, and she turned from Ferdinand as he arose to leave her. He was greatly affected, and withdrew to consider on the best manner of obliging her. After much deliberation he conceived that he could not accomplish his wishes without communicating their intention to the Count, whose good sense, he trusted, would enable him to coincide with Eugenia's plan, and spare both her feelings and his own.

In this he was not mistaken, for when he had repeated the late conversation he had held with that Lady, the Count, though evidently much distressed, made no objection: "Her resolution being fixed (said he) I own to you that I think the sooner every thing can be settled the better, for her peace and mine. It is a hard struggle, my friend, to resign the woman we love, for ever, yet, as it is to be, delay can only increase the difficulty, and prolong sorrow.—To-morrow morning I will take Duclos to the village, or, if I cannot walk so far, into the Forest.


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. Of course. [Through the tube] The "Hymn of Riego"! Yes, tell them to play the "Hymn of Riego."

. What do they say?

. Another complication! They don't know it.

. I wish they would stop throwing those bottles. Somebody is going to get hurt.

. [Through the tube] Hello! The Herald! Yes, send for the Herald. Tell him to announce that the band can't play the "'" [sic]Hymn of Riego," because it doesn't know it, but it will learn it by to-morrow. How is that?

. Good! Good!

. Now see if they won't be quiet.

. [To ] Don Baldomero has left—and his family with him. What did I tell you?

. You are a genius.

. Only that? I am a friend…

. Ladies and gentlemen: The band can't play the "Hymn of Riego" because it doesn't know it, but it will learn it by to-morrow, so as to be able to play it hereafter whenever required.

. Bow! Bow! All bow!

. Really, I am very much affected. The people—more than the people, the entire community acclaims a man when he has had the courage to do his duty.

. And to whom do you owe this triumph, Santiago? Who gave you advice?

. You—yes, you—one way or the other, but you always gave me advice! Now we shall have to wait for them


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 to clear the arena. It seems incredible that they could have thrown so many things in such a little while.

. My only regret is that no one was hit.

. The bull is cooling off.

. Poor Campos! They won't give him a chance.

. What is the matter?

. A telegram for Your Excellency.

. Here! Give it to me.

. From Madrid?

. Yes. You open it, Manolo. I am so nervous. Everything upsets me to-day.

. The reply. Just as I thought. [Reading] "Crisis imminent. Ministry more strongly liberal."

. Eh?

. "Government refuses to accept resignation. Congratulates you upon your liberal campaign and offers governorship of the first class."

. Of the first class! Josefina!

. Felicitations.

. Best wishes!

. Embrace me! And you! And you!

. We didn't come for nothing after all.

. You see how it is! If it hadn't been for me, where would you have been? And yet you allowed yourself to doubt, yes, perhaps even to suspect me! If you only knew what I have gone through with for you!

. And I for you! But doubt you? Believe those calumnies? Never, Josefina! Never!

. Now you talk like a man. I knew that some day you would do me justice.


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. Of the first class! Of the first class! Come! Come! We must celebrate. Some wine!

. Bring wine!

. [Entering the box] We must celebrate with you. We are all one now; there are no divisions among us any more. [All laugh] What a bevy of beautiful ladies! And here's to you!

. The ring is clear. Campos is after the bull.

. The bull! The bull!

. A fine pass.

. Did you see him turn? What a feint! Again! Again! I shall go out of my head!

. Now he'll show us.

. The critical moment.

. ''Ay! Ay! Ay!''

. Hurrah! Hurrah! Dead without a struggle! Bravo! Bravo!

. How was that? How was that? [''Applause. Voices: "What's the matter with you?" "Hi, there!" "Wake up!"''] What is the matter? What are you waiting for? Stand up!

. I? Stand up? Ah! What an afternoon! What a festival! A people that within half an hour hisses me, applauds me, shouts vivas in the name of liberty, acclaims a bull-fighter, cheers the ladies, then falls to hissing and then to applaud again—oh! how is such a people to be governed by mere man?

. Nothing could be easier. Like ladies and toreros, the people cannot be governed; they must be entertained.

. Don Santiago! The second bull!

. Great heaven! It may spoil everything. Ah, Manolo, in my emotion I forgot to thank you! Whatever


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 my destiny, wherever I may be, I want you always to remain with me, I want you always to be at my side.

. Don Santiago!

. I can never repay you. In these days of trial, you have been the real governor, you, you have taken my place.

. Don Santiago!

. The second bull!

. [To , who remains below] Well, are you satisfied? Do I deserve your confidence, your respect?

. I don't know… You torment me, you… [Trumpets] Ay! What a shock!

. You are nervous.

. I am nervous, I confess it. I don't know how to thank you. You have sacrificed, you are about to sacrifice so much for me—your future, your…

. My future? It is for you to decide. Shall I return to Madrid? Shall I accept the offer of Don Santiago?

. What shall I say?

. A hit! A hit! Ha! A home thrust!

. Josefina!… Bravo! Bravo! Break away! Break away!

. Accept

. I wonder what that fellow is up to?

Curtain


text: The Governor's Wife

title: The Governor's Wife


text: The Governor's Wife/Characters

title: The Governor's Wife/Characters


text: The Governor's Wife/Act 1

title: The Governor's Wife/Act 1


text: The Governor's Wife/Act 2

title: The Governor's Wife/Act 2


text: The Governor's Wife/Act 3

title: The Governor's Wife/Act 3


text: A narrative of travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro/Chapter 8


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276 made in state constitutions during the last twenty-five years have shown a distinct tendency to introduce conservatism, higher organization (especially of the executive departments), longer terms of office, and so on. The democratic tendency has passed its culmination, and experience has shown the limitations of certain of its dogmas and the error of others. Many of the provisions of these later constitutions show that the people do not trust themselves; they put away from themselves certain powers which they have abused. These provisions are like total abstinence pledges, needful as a prop to self-control when it is weak, but, when made by states, destructive of a liberty which it may, upon occasion, be very necessary to exercise.

It is a popular opinion that popular institutions are the only good ones and the only ones necessary. This is an error; civil liberty cannot exist without the institutions of power and authority as well as the institutions which secure popular rights. Civil liberty is a form of national life which can be secured in its true equilibrium only by a great body of institutions, which are good only when all together and all in their due proportion. Without their due proportion, nations fluctuate between the liberty of the guillotine and the order of Cæsarism, but never find the steady path of civil liberty; with the due proportion of these institutions nations may enjoy civil liberty according to the traditions and tastes of each, under monarchical or aristocratic or democratic institutions. We have hitherto had popular institutions in abundance, and our popular institutions are strong, but our institutions of order, authority, organization, and responsibility have been weak. Our circumstances, both internal and external, have been such that we have not felt the need; but those foreigners who infer from


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Rh exist. It is the careful adjustment by which the rights of individuals and the state are reconciled with one another to allow the greatest possible development of all and of each in harmony and peace. It is the triumph of the effort to substitute right for might, and the repression of law for the wild struggles of barbarism. Civil liberty, as now known, is not a logical or rational deduction at all; it is the result of centuries of experience which have cost the human race an untold expenditure of blood and labor. As the result we have a series of institutions, traditions, and positive restraints upon the governing power. These things, however, would not in themselves suffice. We have also large communities which have inherited the love of civil liberty and the experience of it — communities which have imperceptibly imbibed the conception of civil liberty from family life and from the whole social and political life of the nation. Civil liberty has thus become a popular instinct. Let us guard well these prejudices and these instincts, for we may be well assured that in them lies the only real guarantee of civil liberty. Whenever they become so blunted that an infringement of one of the old traditions of civil liberty is viewed with neglect and indifference then we must take the alarm for civil liberty. It seems to me a physical impossibility that we should have a Caesar here until after we have run through a long course of degeneration. That is not our danger, and while we look for it in that direction we overlook it on the side from which it may come. There are numberless ways beside the usurpation of a dictator in which civil liberty may be lost; there are numberless forms of degeneration for a constitutional republic besides monarchy and despotism. We can keep the names and forms of republican self-government long after their


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Rh and institutions; the conflicting arguments, prejudices, passions, fears, and hopes which move him meet in an arena where we cannot follow them. If a body of voters in the commonwealth, so large as to control it, are below the grade of intelligence and independence which are necessary to make the election process practicable, then you cannot apply the republican form of government there; it is a hopeless task to take any such community, and by any ingenious device of legal machinery try to make the republican form of government work there so as to produce good government.

It follows, then, that the law can only mark out the precautions necessary to be observed to secure the true expression of the people's will, provided there be a people present who are capable of forming a will and expressing it by this method. The domain of these precautions is in the period anterior to the election — the law must define beforehand who are people fit, on general principles, to share in the government of the state. It will necessarily define these persons by classes and will leave out some who are fit if examined rationally and individually, and it will include many others who are unfit if examined in the same way. It must aim at a practical working system; it must then provide by registration or other appropriate means for finding out who among the population come within the defined qualifications; it must then surround the actual act of voting with such safeguards as seem necessary to secure to each voter a single impersonal vote. When the votes are cast, however, and the polls are closed, the public will is expressed as well as it is possible to have it expressed by an election in that community at that time. It might have been possible to get an expression of the will of that community in some other way, and


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176 for (he continues) "all men by nature love one another, and desire an intercourse of words and action." Hence spring the family affections, friendship, and social ties; hence also that general love of combination, which forms a striking feature of the present age, resulting in clubs, trades-unions, companies, and generally in what Mr Carlyle terms "swarmery."

Next to truth, justice is the great duty of mankind. Cicero at once condemns "communism" in matters of property. Ancient immemorial seizure, conquest, or compact, may give a title; but "no man can say that he has anything his own by a right of nature." Injustice springs from avarice or ambition, the thirst of riches or of empire, and is the more dangerous as it appears in the more exalted spirits, causing a dissolution of all ties and obligations. And here he takes occasion to instance "that late most shameless attempt of Cæsar's to make himself master of Rome."

There is, besides, an injustice of omission. You may wrong your neighbour by seeing him wronged without interfering. Cicero takes the opportunity of protesting strongly against the selfish policy of those lovers of ease and peace, who, "from a desire of furthering their own interests, or else from a churlish temper, profess that they mind nobody's business but their own, in order that they may seem to be men of strict integrity and to injure none," and thus shrink from taking their part in "the fellowship of life." He would have had small patience with our modern doctrine of non-intervention and neutrality in nations any more than in men. Such conduct arises (he says)

title: Page:Cicero (Collins 1871).djvu/188


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Rh from the false logic with which men cheat their conscience; arguing reversely, that whatever is the best policy is—honesty. There are two ways, it must be remembered, in which one man may injure another—force and fraud; but as the lion is a nobler creature than the fox, so open violence seems less odious than secret villany. No character is so justly hateful as

Nations have their obligations as well as individuals, and war has its laws as well as peace. The struggle should be carried on in a generous temper, and not in the spirit of extermination, when "it has sometimes seemed a question between two hostile nations, not which should remain a conqueror, but which should remain a nation at all."

No mean part of justice consists in liberality, and this, too, has its duties. It is an important question, how, and when, and to whom, we should give? It is possible to be generous at another person's expense: it is possible to injure the recipient by mistimed liberality; or to ruin one's fortune by open house and prodigal hospitality. A great man's bounty (as he says in another place) should be a common sanctuary for the needy. "To ransom captives and enrich the meaner folk is a nobler form of generosity than providing wild beasts or shows of gladiators to amuse the mob." Charity should begin at home; for relations A. C. vol. ix.

title: Page:Cicero (Collins 1871).djvu/189


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308 people. We hear the word "people" used in this way all the time and we know that it means, not the population but some part of the population which is hard to define but which, I think, means the mass with all the distinguished ones taken out. This is another recognition of class. Now it is part of the system of theoretical or dogmatic democracy to hold that wisdom is with the people in the sense just defined. They are said to know; they judge rightly; they perceive the truth; if we trust them, they will govern aright. Incidentally scorn is often cast on the sages and philosophers, the theorists and bookworms — and it is probably for the most part well-deserved; but the implication is that the mass of men have by nature and common sense the wisdom which the sages and philosophers lack. In any democratic system, therefore, the distinguished classes are kept aloof from the active control. There is nothing which the stump-orator, ambitious for influence and position, more energetically disclaims than the assumption that he is any better qualified to teach than any of his audience; he anxiously insists that he is only a common man and one of the people. This is the great reason why civil service reform has never won wide popular support — that it is considered undemocratic. It is so because it assumes that some men are more fit and capable for public office than other men are. Most of the time we give office to people whose vanity will be gratified by it, not to those who can serve us in the position. Those who have special ability, skill, capital, or knowledge are called upon in emergencies to help us out of difficulties, but they are watched with great jealousy lest they get a notion that they are essential and begin to assume that they must be retained and rewarded. They are therefore dismissed again as soon


text: Poems (Osgood)/Golden Rules in Rhyme

title: Poems (Osgood)/Golden Rules in Rhyme


text: Poems (Osgood)/A Song (Call me pet names, dearest)


text:
Page:Challenge of Facts and Other Essays.djvu/282

Rh to be made on business principles comes from the long tradition that politics belong to another sphere from business and ought to be controlled by other principles. As the people have not yet learned to apply the test of fitness to elected officers, they can hardly complain that it is not yet applied to appointed ones. The right to be chosen to office, or the passive electoral right, is valued by every citizen, and if rightly understood it ought to be valued. A moment's reflection will show, however, that there is no absolute right of the kind. The only right which exists is that of every man, without regard to birth, wealth, or other conditions of life, to qualify himself for public honor and trust, and to be privileged of election or appointment if he be qualified. If the absolute right be affirmed without the condition, the state must continually suffer from bad service simply to gratify the vanity and ambition of certain men. It is only natural, however, that men should forget or ignore the troublesome condition, and when they do the dogmas of rotation in office and of frequent elections naturally follow. Those men, therefore, who said there were a thousand men in a certain county who were as good as the incumbent of a certain office, and that he ought to be turned out on that account, spoke with perfect good faith; the same notion has prevailed in all democracies and it has always led inevitably to the distribution of offices by lot.

The sovereignty, in the meantime, remains with the popular majority. In any true conception of the nation the sovereignty of the majority is a different thing from the sovereignty of the people. The sovereignty of the people is an expression for the assent of the nation to the course of national affairs, for the power of the people to give direc-


text:
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264 tion to those affairs or, if it chooses, to arrest them. The people, in this expression, is the nation as a great community of men, women, and children, knit together by a thousand bonds, having diverse interests, various abilities, manifold diversities of circumstance, but yet held to one common movement by the great laws which govern human life. In this sense the nation, as a whole, has wishes, power, will, passions, motives, and purposes, just like a man. But the sovereignty of the majority is not the equivalent for the sovereignty of the people, nor yet an expression of it; it is only the assumption by a part of the prerogatives which belong to the whole. Majority rule is based on no rational principle; it is not a permanent form of self-government; it is only a very imperfect practical expedient, for want of some better method of turning public opinion into a practical determination as to what shall be done. It is quite probable that some better device for the same end may yet be invented. No fallacies in politics are more pernicious than those which transfer to a popular majority all the old claims of the king by divine right, and lead people to believe that the notions of arbitrary and irresponsible power are not wrong, but only that they were wrong when applied to kings or aristocracies and not when applied to popular majorities.

This fallacy of course inheres in democracy by its definition. The majority profits by the subtlety of the conception of the sovereignty of the people and enjoys power without the responsibility which always follows any king, however absolute he may be. The majority cannot be called to account, not because, like a constitutional king, it has no power, but, first, because it cannot be found or seized, and second, because, like an autocrat, it will submit to no accountability. It has


text: Poems (Osgood)/The Spirit's Voyage

title: Poems (Osgood)/The Spirit's Voyage


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 "It is treating me generously enough just now to make up for anything," and he looked at her. "Do you know, Mrs. Dan, that it is borne in upon me now and then that there are things that are quite worth while?"

"Oh, if you come to that," she answered, lightly, "everything is worth while. For you, Monty, life is certainly not slow. You can dominate; you can make things go your way. Aren't they going your way now, Monty"—this more seriously—"What's wrong? Is the pace too fast?"

His mood increased upon him with her sympathy. "Oh, no," he said, "it isn't that. You are good—and I'm a selfish beast. Things are perverse and people are desperately obstinate sometimes. And here I am taking it out on you. You are not perverse. You are not obstinate. You are a ripper, Mrs. Dan, and you are going to help me out in more ways than one."

"Well, to pay for all these gallantries, Monty, I ought to do much. I'm your friend through thick and thin. You have only to command me."

"It was precisely to get your help that I came in. I'm tired of those confounded dinners. You know yourself that they are all